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Since 2011, she's been writing and editing stories for the site. Before taking up blogging, she toiled for many years (more than we can count) producing health stories for television, including\u003cem> Dateline NBC\u003c/em> and San Francisco's CBS affiliate, KPIX-TV. She also wrote up a \u003ca title=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/health/obamacare/obamacare-guide.jsp\" href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/health/obamacare/obamacare-guide.jsp\">handy guide to the Affordable Care Act\u003c/a>, especially for Californians. Her work has been honored for many awards. Most recently she was a finalist for \"Best Topical Reporting\" from the Online News Association. You can follow her on Twitter: \u003ca title=\"https://twitter.com/laliferis\" href=\"https://twitter.com/laliferis\">@laliferis\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86c339d5cdcb0dcd2b6cf5d7c3f5886b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"laliferis","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lisa Aliferis | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86c339d5cdcb0dcd2b6cf5d7c3f5886b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86c339d5cdcb0dcd2b6cf5d7c3f5886b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lisaaliferis"},"lisafine":{"type":"authors","id":"11105","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11105","found":true},"name":"Lisa Fine","firstName":"Lisa","lastName":"Fine","slug":"lisafine","email":"lisacfine@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Lisa Fine is a veteran journalist who's written for papers including the Washington Post, Philadelphia Inquirer, Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch and Education Week.\r\n\r\n ","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a9390ffc82e66cee761ae45f61cef865?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@Lisa_Fine","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lisa Fine | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a9390ffc82e66cee761ae45f61cef865?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a9390ffc82e66cee761ae45f61cef865?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lisafine"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"stateofhealth_221121":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_221121","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"221121","score":null,"sort":[1470352029000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"2-california-babies-born-with-zika-related-defects","title":"2 California Babies Born with Zika-Related Defects","publishDate":1470352029,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Two babies have been born with Zika-related birth defects in California to mothers who were infected in other countries, health officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newborns survived. One of the mothers returned to her home country with her baby while the other remains in the state, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials declined to release additional details about the cases, citing patient privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nineteen other pregnant women in California who contracted Zika while traveling abroad were being monitored by doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"shIj3mZGWqg2l3o67ngbxdV3kzI8cSTt\"]Babies born to Zika-infected mothers will be followed for up to a year. Health officials will check their hearing, vision and development, said Dr. Connie Mitchell, deputy director of the Center for Family Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/pregnancy-outcomes.html\" target=\"_blank\">15 babies\u003c/a> have been born with Zika-related birth defects, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has advised pregnant women not to travel to parts of Latin America and the Caribbean where Zika transmission is active. The virus is usually spread by mosquitoes, but it can also be passed through sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people infected with Zika experience mild symptoms such as fever, rash and joint pain. Zika infection during pregnancy can cause babies to be born with unusually small heads, called microcephaly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito which can transmit Zika \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/30/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\">is present in a handful of California counties\u003c/a>. But Florida is the only U.S. state so far that has reported homegrown Zika transmission by mosquitoes. One square-mile neighborhood in Miami-Dade County is affected. The CDC has urged expectant mothers to avoid Miami's Wynwood neighborhood, where at least 15 people are believed to have been infected with the Zika virus through mosquito bites.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":" 21 pregnant women in California have confirmed cases of Zika infection.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1470352474,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":288},"headData":{"title":"2 California Babies Born with Zika-Related Defects | KQED","description":" 21 pregnant women in California have confirmed cases of Zika infection.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"221121 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=221121","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/08/04/2-california-babies-born-with-zika-related-defects/","disqusTitle":"2 California Babies Born with Zika-Related Defects","path":"/stateofhealth/221121/2-california-babies-born-with-zika-related-defects","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two babies have been born with Zika-related birth defects in California to mothers who were infected in other countries, health officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newborns survived. One of the mothers returned to her home country with her baby while the other remains in the state, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials declined to release additional details about the cases, citing patient privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nineteen other pregnant women in California who contracted Zika while traveling abroad were being monitored by doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Babies born to Zika-infected mothers will be followed for up to a year. Health officials will check their hearing, vision and development, said Dr. Connie Mitchell, deputy director of the Center for Family Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/pregnancy-outcomes.html\" target=\"_blank\">15 babies\u003c/a> have been born with Zika-related birth defects, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has advised pregnant women not to travel to parts of Latin America and the Caribbean where Zika transmission is active. The virus is usually spread by mosquitoes, but it can also be passed through sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people infected with Zika experience mild symptoms such as fever, rash and joint pain. Zika infection during pregnancy can cause babies to be born with unusually small heads, called microcephaly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito which can transmit Zika \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/30/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\">is present in a handful of California counties\u003c/a>. But Florida is the only U.S. state so far that has reported homegrown Zika transmission by mosquitoes. One square-mile neighborhood in Miami-Dade County is affected. The CDC has urged expectant mothers to avoid Miami's Wynwood neighborhood, where at least 15 people are believed to have been infected with the Zika virus through mosquito bites.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/221121/2-california-babies-born-with-zika-related-defects","authors":["237"],"categories":["stateofhealth_1"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_349","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_221126","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_219980":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_219980","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"219980","score":null,"sort":[1470086876000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cdc-tells-pregnant-women-to-avoid-parts-of-miami-hit-by-zika","title":"CDC Tells Pregnant Women to Avoid Parts of Miami Hit by Zika","publishDate":1470086876,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Government health officials warned pregnant women Monday to avoid a Zika-stricken part of Miami and told couples who have been there recently to put off having children for at least two months, after the number of people feared infected through mosquito bites in the U.S. climbed to 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The travel warning is highly unusual. Officials cannot remember another warning against travel within the U.S. in the CDC's 70-year history.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In its highly unusual and perhaps unprecedented \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/intheus/florida-update.html\" target=\"_blank\">travel warning\u003c/a>, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also said expectant mothers should get tested for the virus if they have visited the neighborhood since mid-June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All 14 cases are thought to have occurred in Miami's Wynwood arts district, a trendy, fast-gentrifying neighborhood of warehouses, art galleries, restaurants and boutiques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Gov. Rick Scott asked for a CDC emergency response team to help the state combat Zika, which after sweeping Latin America and the Caribbean, is beginning to spread in the U.S. The White House said a team will be sent quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/29/4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes/\" target=\"_blank\"> last Friday announced\u003c/a> that mosquitoes have apparently started spreading Zika on the U.S. mainland, citing four cases they strongly believe were caused by bites. Ten more cases were announced Monday, even though Florida authorities have yet to find any mosquitoes actually carrying the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika infections in pregnant women can cause severe brain-related birth defects, including extremely small skulls. The global outbreak has led to more than 1,800 serious defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC officials said they could not remember another time in the 70-year history of the disease-fighting agency when it told members of the public not to travel someplace in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus can linger in the blood and urine for weeks, and has been found in sperm for months. As a result, the CDC said men and women who have recently been in the affected area should wait at least eight weeks before trying to conceive a child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel warning covers an area of about 1 square mile in Wynwood, to the east of Interstate 95 and south of I-195. It's large enough, health officials said, to provide a buffer around the suspected hot zone. The tropical mosquito that spreads Zika travels less than 200 yards in its lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some experts said that's far too small a radius. Dr. Peter Hotez, a tropical medicine expert at the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas, said the CDC should be more cautious and expand the travel advisory to all of Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're pregnant or think you might be pregnant, avoid travel to Miami, and possible elsewhere in South Florida,\" he said. \"I'm guessing most women who are pregnant are doing that. I don't think they're sitting around for the CDC to split hairs and fine-tune it to a specific area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden said the narrowly drawn warning was dictated by science and not by any concern for Florida's crucial tourism industry. He said it was based on the nation's ability to contain outbreaks of other diseases carried by the same mosquito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There wouldn't be a technical or scientific basis to give a broader recommendation,\" Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials have said all along that while isolated clusters of Zika may occur in this country, they do not expect major outbreaks like those seen in Latin America, because of better sanitation and mosquito control and widespread use of air conditioners and window screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, health officials expressed concern that they continue to see \"moderately high\" numbers of the type of mosquito that carries Zika, despite aggressive use of insecticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a very difficult mosquito to control,\" Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida health officials said they have tested more than 200 people in Miami-Dade and Broward Counties since early July. The CDC emergency team will help Florida officials investigate the outbreak, collect samples and control mosquitoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 14 people infected, two are women and 12 are men. Eight patients showed symptoms of Zika, which can include fever, rash, joint pain and red eyes. The others had no symptoms. The disease is often so mild that most people don't know they are infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to keep our residents and visitors safe utilizing constant surveillance and aggressive strategies, such as increased mosquito spraying, that have allowed our state to fight similar viruses,\" the governor said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosemary LeBranch was doing laundry in Wynwood when health officials came to her house a few days ago and took urine samples from her, her daughter and her father. Her father, Gabriel Jean, tested positive, she said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had already spoken with a doctor and was advised to wear long shirts and pants outdoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said nothing hurts, he doesn't have any pain. He doesn't feel anything,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan Davison and Melissa Felix work for a cruise line and were enjoying their day off Monday looking at Wynwood's spray-painted murals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not like a big thing, right?\" the 25-year-old Davidson said. \"It's kind of freaky — there's so much going on we didn't know, didn't really think about it. ... I might wear bug spray going forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,650 cases of Zika have been reported in U.S. states, nearly all the result of travel to a Zika-stricken country or sex with someone who was infected abroad.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The travel warning is unprecedented. Officials cannot remember another warning against travel within the U.S. in the CDC's 70-year history.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1470179659,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":930},"headData":{"title":"CDC Tells Pregnant Women to Avoid Parts of Miami Hit by Zika | KQED","description":"The travel warning is unprecedented. Officials cannot remember another warning against travel within the U.S. in the CDC's 70-year history.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"219980 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=219980","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/08/01/cdc-tells-pregnant-women-to-avoid-parts-of-miami-hit-by-zika/","disqusTitle":"CDC Tells Pregnant Women to Avoid Parts of Miami Hit by Zika","nprByline":"Kelli Kennedy and Josh Replogle\u003cbr />Associated Press","path":"/stateofhealth/219980/cdc-tells-pregnant-women-to-avoid-parts-of-miami-hit-by-zika","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Government health officials warned pregnant women Monday to avoid a Zika-stricken part of Miami and told couples who have been there recently to put off having children for at least two months, after the number of people feared infected through mosquito bites in the U.S. climbed to 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The travel warning is highly unusual. Officials cannot remember another warning against travel within the U.S. in the CDC's 70-year history.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In its highly unusual and perhaps unprecedented \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/intheus/florida-update.html\" target=\"_blank\">travel warning\u003c/a>, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also said expectant mothers should get tested for the virus if they have visited the neighborhood since mid-June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All 14 cases are thought to have occurred in Miami's Wynwood arts district, a trendy, fast-gentrifying neighborhood of warehouses, art galleries, restaurants and boutiques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Gov. Rick Scott asked for a CDC emergency response team to help the state combat Zika, which after sweeping Latin America and the Caribbean, is beginning to spread in the U.S. The White House said a team will be sent quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/29/4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes/\" target=\"_blank\"> last Friday announced\u003c/a> that mosquitoes have apparently started spreading Zika on the U.S. mainland, citing four cases they strongly believe were caused by bites. Ten more cases were announced Monday, even though Florida authorities have yet to find any mosquitoes actually carrying the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika infections in pregnant women can cause severe brain-related birth defects, including extremely small skulls. The global outbreak has led to more than 1,800 serious defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC officials said they could not remember another time in the 70-year history of the disease-fighting agency when it told members of the public not to travel someplace in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus can linger in the blood and urine for weeks, and has been found in sperm for months. As a result, the CDC said men and women who have recently been in the affected area should wait at least eight weeks before trying to conceive a child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel warning covers an area of about 1 square mile in Wynwood, to the east of Interstate 95 and south of I-195. It's large enough, health officials said, to provide a buffer around the suspected hot zone. The tropical mosquito that spreads Zika travels less than 200 yards in its lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some experts said that's far too small a radius. Dr. Peter Hotez, a tropical medicine expert at the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas, said the CDC should be more cautious and expand the travel advisory to all of Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're pregnant or think you might be pregnant, avoid travel to Miami, and possible elsewhere in South Florida,\" he said. \"I'm guessing most women who are pregnant are doing that. I don't think they're sitting around for the CDC to split hairs and fine-tune it to a specific area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden said the narrowly drawn warning was dictated by science and not by any concern for Florida's crucial tourism industry. He said it was based on the nation's ability to contain outbreaks of other diseases carried by the same mosquito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There wouldn't be a technical or scientific basis to give a broader recommendation,\" Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials have said all along that while isolated clusters of Zika may occur in this country, they do not expect major outbreaks like those seen in Latin America, because of better sanitation and mosquito control and widespread use of air conditioners and window screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, health officials expressed concern that they continue to see \"moderately high\" numbers of the type of mosquito that carries Zika, despite aggressive use of insecticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a very difficult mosquito to control,\" Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida health officials said they have tested more than 200 people in Miami-Dade and Broward Counties since early July. The CDC emergency team will help Florida officials investigate the outbreak, collect samples and control mosquitoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 14 people infected, two are women and 12 are men. Eight patients showed symptoms of Zika, which can include fever, rash, joint pain and red eyes. The others had no symptoms. The disease is often so mild that most people don't know they are infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to keep our residents and visitors safe utilizing constant surveillance and aggressive strategies, such as increased mosquito spraying, that have allowed our state to fight similar viruses,\" the governor said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosemary LeBranch was doing laundry in Wynwood when health officials came to her house a few days ago and took urine samples from her, her daughter and her father. Her father, Gabriel Jean, tested positive, she said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had already spoken with a doctor and was advised to wear long shirts and pants outdoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said nothing hurts, he doesn't have any pain. He doesn't feel anything,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan Davison and Melissa Felix work for a cruise line and were enjoying their day off Monday looking at Wynwood's spray-painted murals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not like a big thing, right?\" the 25-year-old Davidson said. \"It's kind of freaky — there's so much going on we didn't know, didn't really think about it. ... I might wear bug spray going forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,650 cases of Zika have been reported in U.S. states, nearly all the result of travel to a Zika-stricken country or sex with someone who was infected abroad.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/219980/cdc-tells-pregnant-women-to-avoid-parts-of-miami-hit-by-zika","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_219980"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_349","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_220001","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_218421":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_218421","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"218421","score":null,"sort":[1469811455000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes","title":"4 Zika Cases in Florida Are Likely From Mosquitoes","publishDate":1469811455,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Florida likely has the first cases of Zika transmitted by mosquitoes on the U.S. mainland, the state's governor said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No mosquitoes in the state have tested positive for Zika, but one woman and three men in Miami-Dade and Broward counties likely contracted the virus through mosquito bites, Gov. Rick Scott said during a news conference in Orlando.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,650 Zika infections have been reported in the U.S., but the four patients in Florida would be the first not linked to travel outside the U.S. mainland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not just a Florida issue. It's a national issue — we just happen to be at the forefront,\" Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials believe the infections occurred in a small area just north of downtown Miami, in the popular Wynwood arts district, Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the only part of the state currently being tested for potential local transmissions of Zika, Scott said. Women in the area who are pregnant or thinking about becoming pregnant are urged to contact their doctors and the county health department for Zika prevention kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal health officials have not recommended that pregnant women avoid travel to South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a series of factors we'll have to look at. The number of cases, the relationship in geography of those cases, how closely linked they are in time, as well as a series of other factors that we will use to determine what recommendations we issue in terms of travel guidance,\" U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika primarily spreads through bites from tropical mosquitoes, but it also can be spread through sex. In most people, the virus causes only mild illness, but infection during pregnancy can lead to severe brain-related birth defects for the fetus. There is no vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since February, over 380 Zika cases related to travel have been confirmed in Florida, including 151 cases in Miami-Dade and Broward counties. Since 2015 in California, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">98 people \u003c/a>have been confirmed to be infected with Zika virus. All cases are associated with travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tropical mosquito that spreads Zika and other viruses is found in the southern U.S. While health officials have predicted that mosquitoes in the continental U.S. would begin spreading Zika this summer, they also have said they expect only isolated clusters of infections and not widespread outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"otl96TyzT7kgPI9mM6XBL4cTvDAfTVU4\"]Florida should be able to contain the virus to an isolated area because its neighborhoods have better sanitation and living conditions than countries where Zika outbreaks have been widespread, said Adam Putnam, Florida's commissioner for agriculture and consumer services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has told blood centers in Miami-Dade and Broward counties to suspend collections until they can screen each unit of blood for the Zika virus with authorized tests. Neighboring counties have been urged to implement the same precautions, and visitors to South Florida in the last month are encouraged to defer donations as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA previously advised U.S. blood banks to refuse donations from people who recently traveled to areas outside the country that have Zika outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida's main supplier of blood, OneBlood, said it was working as quickly as possible to comply with the FDA's recommendation and would start testing all its collections for Zika on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":" Officials say they've found the first indication that mosquitoes are transmitting Zika virus in the continental U.S.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1469814017,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":562},"headData":{"title":"4 Zika Cases in Florida Are Likely From Mosquitoes | KQED","description":" Officials say they've found the first indication that mosquitoes are transmitting Zika virus in the continental U.S.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"218421 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=218421","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/29/4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes/","disqusTitle":"4 Zika Cases in Florida Are Likely From Mosquitoes","nprByline":"Mike Schneider\u003cbr /> Associated Press","path":"/stateofhealth/218421/4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Florida likely has the first cases of Zika transmitted by mosquitoes on the U.S. mainland, the state's governor said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No mosquitoes in the state have tested positive for Zika, but one woman and three men in Miami-Dade and Broward counties likely contracted the virus through mosquito bites, Gov. Rick Scott said during a news conference in Orlando.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,650 Zika infections have been reported in the U.S., but the four patients in Florida would be the first not linked to travel outside the U.S. mainland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not just a Florida issue. It's a national issue — we just happen to be at the forefront,\" Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials believe the infections occurred in a small area just north of downtown Miami, in the popular Wynwood arts district, Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the only part of the state currently being tested for potential local transmissions of Zika, Scott said. Women in the area who are pregnant or thinking about becoming pregnant are urged to contact their doctors and the county health department for Zika prevention kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal health officials have not recommended that pregnant women avoid travel to South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a series of factors we'll have to look at. The number of cases, the relationship in geography of those cases, how closely linked they are in time, as well as a series of other factors that we will use to determine what recommendations we issue in terms of travel guidance,\" U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika primarily spreads through bites from tropical mosquitoes, but it also can be spread through sex. In most people, the virus causes only mild illness, but infection during pregnancy can lead to severe brain-related birth defects for the fetus. There is no vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since February, over 380 Zika cases related to travel have been confirmed in Florida, including 151 cases in Miami-Dade and Broward counties. Since 2015 in California, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">98 people \u003c/a>have been confirmed to be infected with Zika virus. All cases are associated with travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tropical mosquito that spreads Zika and other viruses is found in the southern U.S. While health officials have predicted that mosquitoes in the continental U.S. would begin spreading Zika this summer, they also have said they expect only isolated clusters of infections and not widespread outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Florida should be able to contain the virus to an isolated area because its neighborhoods have better sanitation and living conditions than countries where Zika outbreaks have been widespread, said Adam Putnam, Florida's commissioner for agriculture and consumer services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has told blood centers in Miami-Dade and Broward counties to suspend collections until they can screen each unit of blood for the Zika virus with authorized tests. Neighboring counties have been urged to implement the same precautions, and visitors to South Florida in the last month are encouraged to defer donations as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA previously advised U.S. blood banks to refuse donations from people who recently traveled to areas outside the country that have Zika outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida's main supplier of blood, OneBlood, said it was working as quickly as possible to comply with the FDA's recommendation and would start testing all its collections for Zika on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/218421/4-zika-cases-in-florida-are-likely-from-mosquitoes","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_218421"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2407","stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2830","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_218424","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_215079":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_215079","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"215079","score":null,"sort":[1469039275000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"florida-officials-probe-possible-zika-case-mosquito","title":"Florida Officials Probe Possible Zika Case from Mosquito","publishDate":1469039275,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Health officials are investigating a Zika virus infection in Florida that could be the first case in which someone caught the virus by being bitten by a mosquito in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.floridahealth.gov/newsroom/2016/07/071916-investigating-possible-non-travel-related-case-zika.html\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a> posted on its website Tuesday, the Florida Department of Health says the \"possible non-travel related case of Zika\" occurred in Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means it's possible that the infected person did not catch the virus while traveling in another country where the virus is spreading. Rather, the infection might have been acquired from an infected mosquito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's also the possibility that the Florida case may have occurred another way, such as sexual contact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement does not mention sexual transmission, and officials did not provide any additional information in response to a request from NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do not have additional information to share at this time,\" Brad Dalton, deputy press secretary in the department's office of communications, said in an email. He added that the investigation is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in an email that the agency \"has been informed\" of the case and is \"closely coordinating\" with Florida officials in the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosquito control inspectors have been going door-to-door in the area under investigation since health authorities alerted them late last week, spraying to kill mosquitoes and emptying containers of the water they need to breed. If the virus is there, they want to keep it from spreading through more mosquito bites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're constantly in the area. We're doing hand-held spraying, and we'll do more truck spraying Thursday,\" said Gayle Love, a spokeswoman for Miami-Dade County Solid Waste Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika prevention kits and mosquito repellent — strongly recommended for women who are pregnant or planning to be pregnant — are being distributed in the area and can be picked up at the health department as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities have been expecting that Zika could eventually spread by mosquitoes in parts of the United States. But they have repeatedly said they are confident they could prevent any large outbreaks from occurring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,300 cases of Zika have been reported in the the continental United States and Hawaii. So far none have occurred by being bitten by a mosquito in this country. Most have been in travelers returning from countries where the virus is spreading. At least 14 are believed to have occurred through sexual contact with someone who was infected elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika can cause \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/\" target=\"_blank\">serious birth defects\u003c/a> when pregnant women get infected, and can cause neurological complications in adults in rare cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Florida+Officials+Probe+Zika+Case+That+May+Not+Be+Related+To+Travel&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If confirmed, it would be the first Zika infection from a mosquito bite in the continental United States.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1469039372,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":459},"headData":{"title":"Florida Officials Probe Possible Zika Case from Mosquito | KQED","description":"If confirmed, it would be the first Zika infection from a mosquito bite in the continental United States.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"215079 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=215079","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/20/florida-officials-probe-possible-zika-case-mosquito/","disqusTitle":"Florida Officials Probe Possible Zika Case from Mosquito","nprImageCredit":"Lynne Sladky","nprByline":"Rob Stein","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"486737908","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=486737908&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/07/20/486737908/florida-officials-probe-zika-case-that-may-not-be-travel-related?ft=nprml&f=486737908","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 20 Jul 2016 12:38:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 20 Jul 2016 11:41:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 20 Jul 2016 12:38:39 -0400","path":"/stateofhealth/215079/florida-officials-probe-possible-zika-case-mosquito","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Health officials are investigating a Zika virus infection in Florida that could be the first case in which someone caught the virus by being bitten by a mosquito in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.floridahealth.gov/newsroom/2016/07/071916-investigating-possible-non-travel-related-case-zika.html\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a> posted on its website Tuesday, the Florida Department of Health says the \"possible non-travel related case of Zika\" occurred in Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means it's possible that the infected person did not catch the virus while traveling in another country where the virus is spreading. Rather, the infection might have been acquired from an infected mosquito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's also the possibility that the Florida case may have occurred another way, such as sexual contact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement does not mention sexual transmission, and officials did not provide any additional information in response to a request from NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do not have additional information to share at this time,\" Brad Dalton, deputy press secretary in the department's office of communications, said in an email. He added that the investigation is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in an email that the agency \"has been informed\" of the case and is \"closely coordinating\" with Florida officials in the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosquito control inspectors have been going door-to-door in the area under investigation since health authorities alerted them late last week, spraying to kill mosquitoes and emptying containers of the water they need to breed. If the virus is there, they want to keep it from spreading through more mosquito bites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're constantly in the area. We're doing hand-held spraying, and we'll do more truck spraying Thursday,\" said Gayle Love, a spokeswoman for Miami-Dade County Solid Waste Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika prevention kits and mosquito repellent — strongly recommended for women who are pregnant or planning to be pregnant — are being distributed in the area and can be picked up at the health department as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities have been expecting that Zika could eventually spread by mosquitoes in parts of the United States. But they have repeatedly said they are confident they could prevent any large outbreaks from occurring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,300 cases of Zika have been reported in the the continental United States and Hawaii. So far none have occurred by being bitten by a mosquito in this country. Most have been in travelers returning from countries where the virus is spreading. At least 14 are believed to have occurred through sexual contact with someone who was infected elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika can cause \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/\" target=\"_blank\">serious birth defects\u003c/a> when pregnant women get infected, and can cause neurological complications in adults in rare cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Florida+Officials+Probe+Zika+Case+That+May+Not+Be+Related+To+Travel&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/215079/florida-officials-probe-possible-zika-case-mosquito","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_215079"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_215080","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_214374":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_214374","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"214374","score":null,"sort":[1468876505000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"in-medical-mystery-caregiver-of-utah-zika-patient-gets-virus","title":"In Medical Mystery, Caregiver of Utah Zika Patient Gets Virus","publishDate":1468876505,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>A person who cared for a Zika-infected relative in Utah also got the virus, but exactly how it was transmitted is a medical mystery, health officials announced Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The new case in Utah is a surprise, showing that we still have more to learn about Zika.' \u003ccite>Erin Staples, CDC epidemiologist \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The tropical mosquito that mainly spreads Zika isn't found in the high-altitude area with cold winters where the two lived, Salt Lake County Health Department officials said. They didn't have sexual contact, which is how the virus is typically spread between adults when there's no mosquito bite or mother-to-child transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The new case in Utah is a surprise, showing that we still have more to learn about Zika,\" Centers for Disease Control and Prevention medical epidemiologist Erin Staples said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caregiver has fully recovered, but authorities did not give further details. The person cared for an elderly man who contracted the disease overseas, where mosquitoes are known to spread Zika and who became the first Zika-infected person to die in the continental U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caregiver did not travel to an affected area, but it's possible that a mosquito came back with the relative, perhaps in a suitcase, CDC Director Tom Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who died in late June had an unusually high level of the virus in his blood, more than 100,000 times higher than other samples of infected people. Health workers are testing others who had contact with him, and officials are trapping mosquitoes in Utah to test them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new case was discovered after a doctor noticed the caregiver's Zika-like symptoms, which include rash, fever and pink eye, officials said. The relative had cared for the elderly man both at home and in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear exactly how the older man died because of his age and another health condition he suffered, according to the CDC. The agency did not immediately revise its advice to health care workers or caregivers after the new case emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on what we know so far about this case, there is no evidence that there is any risk of Zika virus transmission among the general public in Utah,\" said Dr. Angela Dunn, deputy state epidemiologist at the Utah Department of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no evidence yet that the Zika infection in this case is an unusual mutation, but researchers are exploring that possibility through genomic analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus causes only a mild illness in most people. But during recent outbreaks in Latin America, scientists discovered that infection during pregnancy has led to severe brain-related birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No cases of mosquito-spread Zika have been reported in the continental United States, according to the CDC. Health experts think mosquito transmission probably will occur in the U.S., but the expectation is that it will be in low-elevation, sweltering places where the insect has been a steady problem — such as southern Florida or southern Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,300 Zika illnesses have been reported in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, including eight in Utah, according to health officials. Almost all were people who had traveled to Zika-outbreak countries and caught the virus there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 14 were people who had not traveled to Zika zones but had sex with someone who had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has also been tracking pregnant women infected with Zika, and says they have five reports of pregnancy losses because of miscarriage, stillbirth or abortion.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It may be the first case of Zika spreading from one person to another in ways other than via mosquito bites, sex or the placenta.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1468885384,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":606},"headData":{"title":"In Medical Mystery, Caregiver of Utah Zika Patient Gets Virus | KQED","description":"It may be the first case of Zika spreading from one person to another in ways other than via mosquito bites, sex or the placenta.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"214374 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=214374","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/18/in-medical-mystery-caregiver-of-utah-zika-patient-gets-virus/","disqusTitle":"In Medical Mystery, Caregiver of Utah Zika Patient Gets Virus","nprByline":"Lindsay Whitehurst\u003cbr /> Associated Press","path":"/stateofhealth/214374/in-medical-mystery-caregiver-of-utah-zika-patient-gets-virus","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A person who cared for a Zika-infected relative in Utah also got the virus, but exactly how it was transmitted is a medical mystery, health officials announced Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The new case in Utah is a surprise, showing that we still have more to learn about Zika.' \u003ccite>Erin Staples, CDC epidemiologist \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The tropical mosquito that mainly spreads Zika isn't found in the high-altitude area with cold winters where the two lived, Salt Lake County Health Department officials said. They didn't have sexual contact, which is how the virus is typically spread between adults when there's no mosquito bite or mother-to-child transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The new case in Utah is a surprise, showing that we still have more to learn about Zika,\" Centers for Disease Control and Prevention medical epidemiologist Erin Staples said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caregiver has fully recovered, but authorities did not give further details. The person cared for an elderly man who contracted the disease overseas, where mosquitoes are known to spread Zika and who became the first Zika-infected person to die in the continental U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caregiver did not travel to an affected area, but it's possible that a mosquito came back with the relative, perhaps in a suitcase, CDC Director Tom Frieden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who died in late June had an unusually high level of the virus in his blood, more than 100,000 times higher than other samples of infected people. Health workers are testing others who had contact with him, and officials are trapping mosquitoes in Utah to test them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new case was discovered after a doctor noticed the caregiver's Zika-like symptoms, which include rash, fever and pink eye, officials said. The relative had cared for the elderly man both at home and in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear exactly how the older man died because of his age and another health condition he suffered, according to the CDC. The agency did not immediately revise its advice to health care workers or caregivers after the new case emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on what we know so far about this case, there is no evidence that there is any risk of Zika virus transmission among the general public in Utah,\" said Dr. Angela Dunn, deputy state epidemiologist at the Utah Department of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no evidence yet that the Zika infection in this case is an unusual mutation, but researchers are exploring that possibility through genomic analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus causes only a mild illness in most people. But during recent outbreaks in Latin America, scientists discovered that infection during pregnancy has led to severe brain-related birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No cases of mosquito-spread Zika have been reported in the continental United States, according to the CDC. Health experts think mosquito transmission probably will occur in the U.S., but the expectation is that it will be in low-elevation, sweltering places where the insect has been a steady problem — such as southern Florida or southern Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,300 Zika illnesses have been reported in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, including eight in Utah, according to health officials. Almost all were people who had traveled to Zika-outbreak countries and caught the virus there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 14 were people who had not traveled to Zika zones but had sex with someone who had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has also been tracking pregnant women infected with Zika, and says they have five reports of pregnancy losses because of miscarriage, stillbirth or abortion.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/214374/in-medical-mystery-caregiver-of-utah-zika-patient-gets-virus","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_214374"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2407","stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_146292","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_210353":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_210353","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"210353","score":null,"sort":[1468019158000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"utah-patient-is-first-zika-related-death-in-continental-us","title":"Utah Patient is First Zika-Related Death in Continental U.S.","publishDate":1468019158,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>A person infected with Zika has died in Utah, and while the exact cause is unclear, authorities said Friday it marks the first death related to the virus in the continental U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unidentified Salt Lake County resident contracted the virus while traveling abroad to an area with a Zika outbreak, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient who died in late June was elderly and also suffered from another health condition, according to the Salt Lake County Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person had Zika symptoms — including rash, fever and conjunctivitis — but it's unclear if or how the virus contributed to the death, said Centers for Disease Control and Prevention spokesman Benjamin Haynes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"i3nT6MUWwBQllVWjA4SkbgGUQV8ucFvg\"]Officials discovered the case while reviewing death certificates, and lab tests confirmed their suspicions, said Gary Edwards, executive director of the Salt Lake County Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utah authorities refused to release additional information about the patient or where he or she traveled, citing health privacy laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus causes only a mild illness in most people. But during recent outbreaks in Latin America, scientists discovered that infection during pregnancy has led to severe brain-related birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's spread mainly through the bite of a tropical mosquito, the Aedes aegpyti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No cases of locally transmitted mosquito-borne Zika have been reported in the continental United States, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a 70-year-old man from the San Juan metro area in the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/zika-virus-outbreak/u-s-records-first-zika-virus-death-puerto-rico-n564886\" target=\"_blank\">died in late February\u003c/a>. Officials said he recovered from initial Zika symptoms, but then developed a condition in which antibodies that formed in reaction to the Zika infection started attacking blood platelet cells. He died after suffering internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Friday, the California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">reported 77 people\u003c/a> with Zika statewide, including 18 pregnant women. All cases except one were acquired through travel to a Zika-affected area. There is one case of confirmed infection through sexual transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito is present in only a fraction of California's 58 counties. You can check \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/30/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\">this map\u003c/a> to see if your county has had an infestation of the mosquito recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide,\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/united-states.html\" target=\"_blank\"> more than 1,100 Zika illnesses \u003c/a>have been reported in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, including six in Salt Lake County, according to health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all were people who had traveled to Zika outbreak countries and caught the virus there. But 14 were people who had not traveled to Zika zones but had sex with someone who had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has also been tracking pregnant women infected with Zika, and says they have five reports of pregnancy losses because of miscarriage, stillbirth or abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/symptoms/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Many people\u003c/a> who are infected with Zika will show no symptoms or mild symptoms, according to the CDC, and usually do not need to be hospitalized. Many people may not even realize they are infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main risk is to pregnant women. Zika infection can cause a serious birth defect called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/microcephaly.html\" target=\"_blank\">microcephaly\u003c/a> and other severe fetal brain defects.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The unidentified resident contracted the virus while traveling abroad to an area with a Zika outbreak, health officials said.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1468025818,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":512},"headData":{"title":"Utah Patient is First Zika-Related Death in Continental U.S. | KQED","description":"The unidentified resident contracted the virus while traveling abroad to an area with a Zika outbreak, health officials said.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"210353 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=210353","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/08/utah-patient-is-first-zika-related-death-in-continental-us/","disqusTitle":"Utah Patient is First Zika-Related Death in Continental U.S.","nprByline":"Lindsay Whitehurst\u003cbr>Associated Press","path":"/stateofhealth/210353/utah-patient-is-first-zika-related-death-in-continental-us","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A person infected with Zika has died in Utah, and while the exact cause is unclear, authorities said Friday it marks the first death related to the virus in the continental U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unidentified Salt Lake County resident contracted the virus while traveling abroad to an area with a Zika outbreak, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient who died in late June was elderly and also suffered from another health condition, according to the Salt Lake County Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person had Zika symptoms — including rash, fever and conjunctivitis — but it's unclear if or how the virus contributed to the death, said Centers for Disease Control and Prevention spokesman Benjamin Haynes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Officials discovered the case while reviewing death certificates, and lab tests confirmed their suspicions, said Gary Edwards, executive director of the Salt Lake County Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utah authorities refused to release additional information about the patient or where he or she traveled, citing health privacy laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus causes only a mild illness in most people. But during recent outbreaks in Latin America, scientists discovered that infection during pregnancy has led to severe brain-related birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's spread mainly through the bite of a tropical mosquito, the Aedes aegpyti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No cases of locally transmitted mosquito-borne Zika have been reported in the continental United States, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a 70-year-old man from the San Juan metro area in the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/zika-virus-outbreak/u-s-records-first-zika-virus-death-puerto-rico-n564886\" target=\"_blank\">died in late February\u003c/a>. Officials said he recovered from initial Zika symptoms, but then developed a condition in which antibodies that formed in reaction to the Zika infection started attacking blood platelet cells. He died after suffering internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Friday, the California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">reported 77 people\u003c/a> with Zika statewide, including 18 pregnant women. All cases except one were acquired through travel to a Zika-affected area. There is one case of confirmed infection through sexual transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito is present in only a fraction of California's 58 counties. You can check \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/30/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\">this map\u003c/a> to see if your county has had an infestation of the mosquito recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide,\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/united-states.html\" target=\"_blank\"> more than 1,100 Zika illnesses \u003c/a>have been reported in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, including six in Salt Lake County, according to health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all were people who had traveled to Zika outbreak countries and caught the virus there. But 14 were people who had not traveled to Zika zones but had sex with someone who had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC has also been tracking pregnant women infected with Zika, and says they have five reports of pregnancy losses because of miscarriage, stillbirth or abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/symptoms/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Many people\u003c/a> who are infected with Zika will show no symptoms or mild symptoms, according to the CDC, and usually do not need to be hospitalized. Many people may not even realize they are infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main risk is to pregnant women. Zika infection can cause a serious birth defect called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/microcephaly.html\" target=\"_blank\">microcephaly\u003c/a> and other severe fetal brain defects.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/210353/utah-patient-is-first-zika-related-death-in-continental-us","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_210353"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_155877","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_205650":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_205650","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"205650","score":null,"sort":[1467314900000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california","title":"MAP: Here's Where Zika Mosquitoes Are Likely Found in California","publishDate":1467314900,"format":"aside","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"520\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.cartodb.com/viz/a482a6ba-39a1-11e6-8dd6-0e674067d321/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing to know about the mosquito that can carry Zika is that it is not widespread in California. Most of California's 58 counties do not have -- and have never had -- any infestation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the most worrisome carrier when it comes to Zika.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has \u003ca href=\"http://jme.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/06/07/jme.tjw072\" target=\"_blank\">crunched data \u003c/a>from across the country and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/06/13/481606093/heres-really-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-in-the-u-s\" target=\"_blank\">created a national map \u003c/a>showing where the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been found any time over the past two decades. We asked CDC for the county-specific data in California. Click on the map above to see how your county fares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your county has a faint neutral color, then Aedes aegypti has not been found there since 1995. Counties colored red mean the Aedes aegypti has been found in three or more years since 1995, orange means two years and yellow means one. Hover your mouse over the county and see all the years the mosquito has been found. In some cases, the mosquito has not been found there for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the mosquito is present in your county, that doesn't mean it's widespread in your county. For example, the mosquito has been found in Alameda County -- but only in the city of Hayward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prof. Thomas Scott, a UC Davis entomologist, says that distribution of the mosquito \"tends to be patchy.\" Even in places where it's very common, like Thailand, he said, \"distribution will fluctuate, even through the course of a season.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito was introduced to the Americas from Africa, likely on slave ships, perhaps as early as the 16th century, Georgetown historian \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/02/15/health/mosquitoes-that-changed-history/\" target=\"_blank\">Prof. John McNeill told CNN\u003c/a>. Along with it came yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and now Zika virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the spread of the virus has been very rapid across much of South and Central America, Scott says it is less likely to spread as swiftly in the U.S. primarily because \"our lifestyle is different than places where [many] people are infected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S. window screens or air conditioning are common, so mosquitoes are less likely to be in people's homes. In Central and South America, people's homes are more open, the \"mosquitoes move frequently [in homes] and bite frequently,\" Scott noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been present across southern Arizona \"for a long time,\" Scott says, but the risk of dengue fever in Arizona is low. Meanwhile, just across the border in Mexico, the risk of dengue to people is much higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika spreads when a mosquito bites a person who is infected. Then the mosquito becomes infected itself. But Scott says it cannot spread Zika to another person right away. The virus must replicate within the mosquito first. Then the virus must travel to the insect's salivary glands and replicate there. Only then has the mosquito moved from being infected to being infective, Scott said, and that takes awhile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That period of time is about the average life span of the mosquito, 10-14 days, for them to become infective,\" Scott says. In other words, it's possible the mosquito could die before it's able to infect another person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika can also be sexually transmitted and a pregnant women can transmit the virus to her fetus during pregnancy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/fs-zika-basics.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/AedesDistributionMap.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">lists the cities\u003c/a> where Aedes aegypti has been found. It did not get back to us by deadline to tell us when the mosquito was found in these places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alameda: \u003c/strong>Hayward\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresno: \u003c/strong>Clovis, Fowler, Fresno, Kerman, Mendota, Sanger\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Imperial:\u003c/strong> Andrade, Brawley, Calexico, El Centro, Heber, Holtville, Imperial, Seeley\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kern\u003c/strong> Arvin\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Los Angeles: \u003c/strong>Commerce, East Los Angeles, Florence, La Mirada,Los Angeles, Maywood, Montebello, Pico Rivera, South Gate\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Madera: \u003c/strong>Madera, Madera Ranchos, Parkwood\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Orange\u003c/strong> Anaheim, Costa Mesa, Garden Grove, Lake Forest, Mission Viejo, Orange, Santa Ana\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Riverside\u003c/strong> Coachella, Riverside, San Jacinto\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Bernardino: \u003c/strong>Colton, Montclair\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Diego:\u003c/strong> Bonita, Chula Vista, El Cajon, Escondido, Imperial Beach, Oceanside, San Diego, Spring Valley, Tecate, Vista\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Mateo:\u003c/strong> Atherton, Menlo Park\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tulare:\u003c/strong> Exeter\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Check your county to see if the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been found recently. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1467761619,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://kqednews.cartodb.com/viz/a482a6ba-39a1-11e6-8dd6-0e674067d321/embed_map"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":705},"headData":{"title":"MAP: Here's Where Zika Mosquitoes Are Likely Found in California | KQED","description":"Check your county to see if the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been found recently. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"205650 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=205650","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/30/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california/","disqusTitle":"MAP: Here's Where Zika Mosquitoes Are Likely Found in California","path":"/stateofhealth/205650/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"520\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.cartodb.com/viz/a482a6ba-39a1-11e6-8dd6-0e674067d321/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing to know about the mosquito that can carry Zika is that it is not widespread in California. Most of California's 58 counties do not have -- and have never had -- any infestation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the most worrisome carrier when it comes to Zika.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has \u003ca href=\"http://jme.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/06/07/jme.tjw072\" target=\"_blank\">crunched data \u003c/a>from across the country and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/06/13/481606093/heres-really-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-in-the-u-s\" target=\"_blank\">created a national map \u003c/a>showing where the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been found any time over the past two decades. We asked CDC for the county-specific data in California. Click on the map above to see how your county fares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your county has a faint neutral color, then Aedes aegypti has not been found there since 1995. Counties colored red mean the Aedes aegypti has been found in three or more years since 1995, orange means two years and yellow means one. Hover your mouse over the county and see all the years the mosquito has been found. In some cases, the mosquito has not been found there for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the mosquito is present in your county, that doesn't mean it's widespread in your county. For example, the mosquito has been found in Alameda County -- but only in the city of Hayward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prof. Thomas Scott, a UC Davis entomologist, says that distribution of the mosquito \"tends to be patchy.\" Even in places where it's very common, like Thailand, he said, \"distribution will fluctuate, even through the course of a season.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Aedes aegypti mosquito was introduced to the Americas from Africa, likely on slave ships, perhaps as early as the 16th century, Georgetown historian \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/02/15/health/mosquitoes-that-changed-history/\" target=\"_blank\">Prof. John McNeill told CNN\u003c/a>. Along with it came yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and now Zika virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the spread of the virus has been very rapid across much of South and Central America, Scott says it is less likely to spread as swiftly in the U.S. primarily because \"our lifestyle is different than places where [many] people are infected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S. window screens or air conditioning are common, so mosquitoes are less likely to be in people's homes. In Central and South America, people's homes are more open, the \"mosquitoes move frequently [in homes] and bite frequently,\" Scott noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: the Aedes aegypti mosquito has been present across southern Arizona \"for a long time,\" Scott says, but the risk of dengue fever in Arizona is low. Meanwhile, just across the border in Mexico, the risk of dengue to people is much higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika spreads when a mosquito bites a person who is infected. Then the mosquito becomes infected itself. But Scott says it cannot spread Zika to another person right away. The virus must replicate within the mosquito first. Then the virus must travel to the insect's salivary glands and replicate there. Only then has the mosquito moved from being infected to being infective, Scott said, and that takes awhile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That period of time is about the average life span of the mosquito, 10-14 days, for them to become infective,\" Scott says. In other words, it's possible the mosquito could die before it's able to infect another person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika can also be sexually transmitted and a pregnant women can transmit the virus to her fetus during pregnancy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/fs-zika-basics.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/AedesDistributionMap.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">lists the cities\u003c/a> where Aedes aegypti has been found. It did not get back to us by deadline to tell us when the mosquito was found in these places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alameda: \u003c/strong>Hayward\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresno: \u003c/strong>Clovis, Fowler, Fresno, Kerman, Mendota, Sanger\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Imperial:\u003c/strong> Andrade, Brawley, Calexico, El Centro, Heber, Holtville, Imperial, Seeley\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kern\u003c/strong> Arvin\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Los Angeles: \u003c/strong>Commerce, East Los Angeles, Florence, La Mirada,Los Angeles, Maywood, Montebello, Pico Rivera, South Gate\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Madera: \u003c/strong>Madera, Madera Ranchos, Parkwood\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Orange\u003c/strong> Anaheim, Costa Mesa, Garden Grove, Lake Forest, Mission Viejo, Orange, Santa Ana\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Riverside\u003c/strong> Coachella, Riverside, San Jacinto\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Bernardino: \u003c/strong>Colton, Montclair\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Diego:\u003c/strong> Bonita, Chula Vista, El Cajon, Escondido, Imperial Beach, Oceanside, San Diego, Spring Valley, Tecate, Vista\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Mateo:\u003c/strong> Atherton, Menlo Park\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tulare:\u003c/strong> Exeter\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/205650/map-where-zika-mosquitoes-are-likely-found-in-california","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_206245","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_185754":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_185754","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"185754","score":null,"sort":[1463527654000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"suddenly-paralyzed-2-men-struggle-to-recover-from-guillain-barre","title":"Suddenly Paralyzed, 2 Men Struggle To Recover From Guillain-Barre","publishDate":1463527654,"format":"video","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>For Tim Goliver and Luther Glenn, the worst illness of their lives started in the same way — probably after having a stomach bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim was 21 and a college student at the University of Michigan. He was majoring in English and biology and active in the Lutheran church. \"I was a literature geek,\" says Tim. \"I was really looking forward to my senior year and wherever life would take me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther was in his 50s. He'd spent most of his career as a U.S. military policeman and was working in security in Washington, D.C. He'd recently separated from his wife and had just moved into a new house with his two daughters, who were in their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men recovered from their stomach bugs, but a few days later they started to feel sluggish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here we are trying to unpack, prepare ourselves for new life together, and I'm flat-out dead tired,\" says Luther. He fell asleep in the car one morning and never made it out of the garage. Then he fell in the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tim, it started to feel like running a marathon just to lift a spoonful of soup. One morning, he tried to comb his hair and realized he couldn't lift his arm above his shoulder. \"At that moment I started to freak out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men got so weak that their families had to wheel them into the emergency room in wheelchairs. They got the same diagnosis: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024547/\" target=\"_blank\">Guillain-Barre syndrome\u003c/a>, a neurological disorder that can leave people paralyzed for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who come down with Guillain-Barre typically have had some sort of illness a few days or weeks before, like the flu, says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.med.tufts.edu/profiles/display/138457\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Ken Gorson,\u003c/a> a neurologist at Tufts School of Medicine and St. Elizabeth's Medical Center in Boston. He's on the medical advisory board of \u003ca href=\"http://www.gbs-cidp.org/\" target=\"_blank\">GBS/CIDP Foundation International\u003c/a>, which is dedicated to Guillain-Barre syndrome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185756\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1438px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185756\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583.jpg\" alt=\"Luther Glenn developed Guillain-Barre syndrome after coming down with a stomach virus in 2008. He's still dealing with the consequences.\" width=\"1438\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583.jpg 1438w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1438px) 100vw, 1438px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther Glenn developed Guillain-Barre syndrome after coming down with a stomach virus in 2008. He's still dealing with the consequences. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In many cases the trigger is a bacterial infection like \u003cem>Campylobacter jejuni,\u003c/em> which sometimes \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2627687/\" target=\"_blank\">contaminates\u003c/a> undercooked chicken. In super-rare cases, people have developed Guillain-Barre after getting certain \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/guillainbarre.htm\">vaccines\u003c/a>. The patient gets well, and then, \"within days or a week, has terrible numbness or tingling and weakness,\" says Gorson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The syndrome gets its name from two French military doctors, Georges Guillain and Jean Alexandre Barre. In 1916 they diagnosed two World War I soldiers with the illness. The soldiers had come to the military hospital weak and with a tingling sensation up their arms and legs. One tried to leave at 5 a.m. to rejoin his comrades, but fell down with his backpack on and couldn't get back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what happens. The immune system launches an attack against the pathogen that's making someone sick. It succeeds, and the person gets better, but the immune system doesn't realize the battle is over and attacks stuff in the body. Unfortunately, that can include the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024280/\" target=\"_blank\">myelin\u003c/a> coating around nerves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185757\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185757\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7.png\" alt=\"Exposure to pathogens can set the stage for Guillain-Barre syndrome. It can leave people paralyzed for weeks.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Exposure to pathogens can set the stage for Guillain-Barre syndrome. It can leave people paralyzed for weeks. \u003ccite>(Rae Ellen Bichell and Katie Park/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The immune system is by mistake attacking the peripheral nerves,\" says Gorson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is not good, because like the insulation around an electrical wire, if the nerve coating gets damaged, the messages traveling from the central nervous system to the rest of the body can get lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim and Luther were admitted to the hospital and were told to expect a quick decline. Their blood was \u003ca href=\"http://www.cochrane.org/CD001798/NEUROMUSC_plasma-exchange-for-guillain-barre-syndrome\" target=\"_blank\">filtered\u003c/a> to remove the antibodies attacking their own bodies, and they received \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD002063.pub6/full\" target=\"_blank\">injections of antibodies\u003c/a> from donated blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what the cause, a diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome, or GBS, usually means you're about to go through something really traumatic. You can expect to lose almost everything that makes you \u003cem>you\u003c/em>. That could mean not being able to walk, to talk — even to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after weeks or months in the intensive care unit, you'll gain it back. Probably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorson says about 80 percent of people who come down with Guillain-Barre will recover almost fully. Very few die. And some people recover, but never fully regain their abilities. And no one knows, while in the midst of Guillain-Barre, how much they'll get back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185755\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1917px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-185755 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e.jpg\" alt=\"Kelli Glenn holds a photo of her father while he was in the hospital.\" width=\"1917\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e.jpg 1917w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1917px) 100vw, 1917px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelli Glenn holds a photo of her father while he was in the hospital. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was watching TV and I lost use of the right side of my face. All the muscles just sagged,\" says Tim, recalling the first few days in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within five days of entering the hospital, the muscle that used to lift Tim's lungs for each breath went lax, so the staff put a breathing tube down his throat, taping it to his mouth. Then he had to go on a ventilator, through a tube that went straight to his windpipe through a hole in his neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You feel like your body is a bellows, and you feel like you're being pumped and fanned again, again, again,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because Tim's nerves were under attack, every little touch was excruciating — even a soft towel felt like steel wool digging into his skin. And he'd lost control over his mouth and throat muscles, so he couldn't talk anymore. He could blink and nod to some extent, but that was about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185758\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-185758\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Tim Goliver and his wife, Christine, last year in Washington, D.C. Goliver was 21 when he first developed a stomach bug, and then Guillain-Barre.\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428.jpg 1223w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tim Goliver and his wife, Christine, last year in Washington, D.C. Goliver was 21 when he first developed a stomach bug, and then Guillain-Barre. \u003ccite>(Courtesy: Tim Goliver)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was just completely unable to move and I just would watch the same episode of \u003cem>Sports Center\u003c/em> again and again on replay and feel like I was in a loop and things were totally out of control,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When friends and family came over, they'd communicate to him with a poster full of letters, slowly dragging their fingers across each letter until Tim nodded or blinked to indicate he wanted to use it to spell something out. It could take 10 minutes to spell out one word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks, he lay paralyzed and silent, fed through a tube. When he did start breathing on his own again, Tim says, each breath was so nerve-racking it felt like he was about to fall off the edge of a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But bit by bit, it got to the point where I was able to do that and it felt like I was in control,\" he says. Tim spent two months in the intensive care unit and two months in rehab, and then went home in an electric wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther lost mobility, too, and spent weeks in intensive care. But he was able to breathe and talk the whole time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember my sister saying, 'GBS took everything else away but didn't take his mouth away,' \" says Luther, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his years in the military, Luther had routinely aced the physical fitness tests. He trained about 2,000 recruits and sent them off on their military careers. There's an old saying, \"the more you sweat in peace, the less you bleed in war,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185759\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-185759\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Luther trained recruits in the military.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513.jpg 1438w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther trained recruits in the military.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The military gave me the idea that I could do just about anything, so when I was in the hospital, I looked at this illness as just another mission that I had to accomplish,\" says Luther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He loved being in shape because it was the one thing he knew he could control, but Guillain-Barre syndrome made him so weak that he couldn't even blink. When he fell asleep, his eyes would just roll back in his head. The nurses had to put gel on his eyes so they wouldn't dry out at night. After six weeks in the hospital, he saw himself in a mirror for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And when I looked up, I was shocked. I was floored that that was me — this thin, gaunt guy. That was probably more shocking to me than anything,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He'd lost about 30 pounds. For his birthday, the nurses pureed a cake for him, because his face and throat muscles were too weak to chew and swallow solid food. \"It was horrible, but I loved them for it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, things did not look good — he wasn't making any progress toward moving again. But when a doctor told Luther that most people fully recover, that gave him hope. \"It's on. I got this, Doc,\" he said. \"GBS done messed with the wrong person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every night he'd give himself a pep talk, repeating a line from a song. \" 'Nobody told me the road would be easy, but I don't believe He brought me this far to leave me.' Just say that every night. Every night,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, Luther moved his hand ever so slightly. Then a muscle twitched in his leg. A few days later, he blinked. After months in the hospital, he was transferred to rehab, where he learned how to move around in a wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally he was able to return to the house that had been full of boxes when he left about six months before. He had to live in the basement because he couldn't get up the stairs. His progress at home was excruciatingly slow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Days start running into weeks, weeks start running into months,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther was not one of the lucky 80 percent. He's in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1114525\" target=\"_blank\">20 percent\u003c/a> of GBS patients who don't recover fully. For the most part, he's independent. He lives in his own apartment at National Harbor near Washington, D.C. An aide stops by three times a week to help out with cleaning and cooking. He goes out to movies and dinner with his family in an electric wheelchair. He loves to read on a dock at the harbor. He's even learning Spanish. But he still can't take more than a few steps with a walker, and just moving his face enough to talk can feel like a muscular feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1911px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185760\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326.jpg\" alt=\"Luther checks out the waterfront near his home in National Harbor, Md.\" width=\"1911\" height=\"1075\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326.jpg 1911w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1911px) 100vw, 1911px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther checks out the waterfront near his home in National Harbor, Md. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things I hate the most is that I lost my ability to smile. It's difficult for me to do. It looks almost like a grimace,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been six years since he first got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't dishearten me, but I realize this just might be my plight, so I take a smile with me and let's go. Make the best of it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim, on the other hand, recovered almost fully. He quickly regained his ability to talk and work. He went back to school and got his degree. He even proposed to his wife at the top of a mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the point where I started to walk up mountains again without pain, I felt that I had conquered the actual experience. I look at it now and I don't see anything that it's keeping me from doing,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has leather braces to stabilize his ankles, some tingling in his feet, and a very small scar on his throat from the ventilator, a mark from when he hit rock bottom. That's about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did Tim recover so much more function than Luther did? And why did the two of them get Guillain-Barre syndrome when so many other people who were exposed to the same bugs didn't?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unknown,\" says neurologist Gorson. \"There's clearly an interaction between the infectious agent, the immune response, and then something that's special or unique about the patient's peripheral nerve system,\" he says. Sometimes it has to do with age, medical care, how much nerve damage happened, or even the kind of bacteria or virus that caused the illness in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Predicting how much a patient will recover is one of the things Gorson and other neurologists are trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.gbsstudies.org/about-igos\" target=\"_blank\">figure out\u003c/a>. They're collecting blood from over 1,000 people around the world, hoping to find out what triggers some people's immune systems to react in such an extreme way. It might lead to better treatments, or maybe even something they can do to stop the progression of the disease before it gets so bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Zika virus does begin spreading through the U.S. as \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nrmicro.2016.70.html\">predicted\u003c/a>, there may be \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)00562-6/abstract\">more cases\u003c/a> of Guillain-Barre syndrome. The condition will still remain rare, but even a slight increase in cases could be horrible — not just for the people who get it, but also due to the \u003ca href=\"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00134-016-4364-x\">strain\u003c/a> it puts on hospital intensive care units and insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I cost over a million dollars, and that is something I have never forgotten,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim and Luther did not get Guillain-Barre from Zika. But the result is the same. And if their cases show anything, it's that no matter what the cause, the disease is one wild ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Suddenly+Paralyzed%2C+2+Men+Struggle+To+Recover+From+Guillain-Barre&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Guillain-Barre syndrome can render healthy people temporarily paralyzed. It's something you're likely to hear more about as Zika continues to spread. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1463527654,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":52,"wordCount":2231},"headData":{"title":"Suddenly Paralyzed, 2 Men Struggle To Recover From Guillain-Barre | KQED","description":"Guillain-Barre syndrome can render healthy people temporarily paralyzed. It's something you're likely to hear more about as Zika continues to spread. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"185754 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=185754","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/05/17/suddenly-paralyzed-2-men-struggle-to-recover-from-guillain-barre/","disqusTitle":"Suddenly Paralyzed, 2 Men Struggle To Recover From Guillain-Barre","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mc7ORMtaUJY","nprByline":"Rae Ellen Bichell\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/\">NPR Shots\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Meredith Rizzo/NPR","nprStoryId":"476494277","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=476494277&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/05/16/476494277/suddenly-paralyzed-two-men-struggle-to-recover-from-guillain-barre?ft=nprml&f=476494277","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 17 May 2016 16:00:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 16 May 2016 04:44:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 17 May 2016 16:00:02 -0400","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2016/05/20160516_me_suddenly_paralyzed_two_men_struggle_to_recover_from_guillain-barre.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=464842698&d=401&p=3&story=476494277&t=progseg&e=478188297&seg=11&ft=nprml&f=476494277","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1478188388-260b8e.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=464842698&d=401&p=3&story=476494277&t=progseg&e=478188297&seg=11&ft=nprml&f=476494277","path":"/stateofhealth/185754/suddenly-paralyzed-2-men-struggle-to-recover-from-guillain-barre","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2016/05/20160516_me_suddenly_paralyzed_two_men_struggle_to_recover_from_guillain-barre.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=464842698&d=401&p=3&story=476494277&t=progseg&e=478188297&seg=11&ft=nprml&f=476494277","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For Tim Goliver and Luther Glenn, the worst illness of their lives started in the same way — probably after having a stomach bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim was 21 and a college student at the University of Michigan. He was majoring in English and biology and active in the Lutheran church. \"I was a literature geek,\" says Tim. \"I was really looking forward to my senior year and wherever life would take me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther was in his 50s. He'd spent most of his career as a U.S. military policeman and was working in security in Washington, D.C. He'd recently separated from his wife and had just moved into a new house with his two daughters, who were in their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men recovered from their stomach bugs, but a few days later they started to feel sluggish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here we are trying to unpack, prepare ourselves for new life together, and I'm flat-out dead tired,\" says Luther. He fell asleep in the car one morning and never made it out of the garage. Then he fell in the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tim, it started to feel like running a marathon just to lift a spoonful of soup. One morning, he tried to comb his hair and realized he couldn't lift his arm above his shoulder. \"At that moment I started to freak out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men got so weak that their families had to wheel them into the emergency room in wheelchairs. They got the same diagnosis: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024547/\" target=\"_blank\">Guillain-Barre syndrome\u003c/a>, a neurological disorder that can leave people paralyzed for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who come down with Guillain-Barre typically have had some sort of illness a few days or weeks before, like the flu, says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.med.tufts.edu/profiles/display/138457\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Ken Gorson,\u003c/a> a neurologist at Tufts School of Medicine and St. Elizabeth's Medical Center in Boston. He's on the medical advisory board of \u003ca href=\"http://www.gbs-cidp.org/\" target=\"_blank\">GBS/CIDP Foundation International\u003c/a>, which is dedicated to Guillain-Barre syndrome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185756\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1438px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185756\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583.jpg\" alt=\"Luther Glenn developed Guillain-Barre syndrome after coming down with a stomach virus in 2008. He's still dealing with the consequences.\" width=\"1438\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583.jpg 1438w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_3-2ad7e58e4ec2ce9d973e937c60aecdde0f67f583-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1438px) 100vw, 1438px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther Glenn developed Guillain-Barre syndrome after coming down with a stomach virus in 2008. He's still dealing with the consequences. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In many cases the trigger is a bacterial infection like \u003cem>Campylobacter jejuni,\u003c/em> which sometimes \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2627687/\" target=\"_blank\">contaminates\u003c/a> undercooked chicken. In super-rare cases, people have developed Guillain-Barre after getting certain \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/guillainbarre.htm\">vaccines\u003c/a>. The patient gets well, and then, \"within days or a week, has terrible numbness or tingling and weakness,\" says Gorson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The syndrome gets its name from two French military doctors, Georges Guillain and Jean Alexandre Barre. In 1916 they diagnosed two World War I soldiers with the illness. The soldiers had come to the military hospital weak and with a tingling sensation up their arms and legs. One tried to leave at 5 a.m. to rejoin his comrades, but fell down with his backpack on and couldn't get back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what happens. The immune system launches an attack against the pathogen that's making someone sick. It succeeds, and the person gets better, but the immune system doesn't realize the battle is over and attacks stuff in the body. Unfortunately, that can include the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024280/\" target=\"_blank\">myelin\u003c/a> coating around nerves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185757\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185757\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7.png\" alt=\"Exposure to pathogens can set the stage for Guillain-Barre syndrome. It can leave people paralyzed for weeks.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/incidence-of-guillain-barre-syndrome_final-97b21384607101d15087546dc230b76cb1ca4bf7-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Exposure to pathogens can set the stage for Guillain-Barre syndrome. It can leave people paralyzed for weeks. \u003ccite>(Rae Ellen Bichell and Katie Park/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The immune system is by mistake attacking the peripheral nerves,\" says Gorson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is not good, because like the insulation around an electrical wire, if the nerve coating gets damaged, the messages traveling from the central nervous system to the rest of the body can get lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim and Luther were admitted to the hospital and were told to expect a quick decline. Their blood was \u003ca href=\"http://www.cochrane.org/CD001798/NEUROMUSC_plasma-exchange-for-guillain-barre-syndrome\" target=\"_blank\">filtered\u003c/a> to remove the antibodies attacking their own bodies, and they received \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD002063.pub6/full\" target=\"_blank\">injections of antibodies\u003c/a> from donated blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what the cause, a diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome, or GBS, usually means you're about to go through something really traumatic. You can expect to lose almost everything that makes you \u003cem>you\u003c/em>. That could mean not being able to walk, to talk — even to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after weeks or months in the intensive care unit, you'll gain it back. Probably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorson says about 80 percent of people who come down with Guillain-Barre will recover almost fully. Very few die. And some people recover, but never fully regain their abilities. And no one knows, while in the midst of Guillain-Barre, how much they'll get back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185755\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1917px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-185755 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e.jpg\" alt=\"Kelli Glenn holds a photo of her father while he was in the hospital.\" width=\"1917\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e.jpg 1917w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther-1_wide-d3b89a3857c0e4669390653ed0120da2500b598e-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1917px) 100vw, 1917px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelli Glenn holds a photo of her father while he was in the hospital. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was watching TV and I lost use of the right side of my face. All the muscles just sagged,\" says Tim, recalling the first few days in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within five days of entering the hospital, the muscle that used to lift Tim's lungs for each breath went lax, so the staff put a breathing tube down his throat, taping it to his mouth. Then he had to go on a ventilator, through a tube that went straight to his windpipe through a hole in his neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You feel like your body is a bellows, and you feel like you're being pumped and fanned again, again, again,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because Tim's nerves were under attack, every little touch was excruciating — even a soft towel felt like steel wool digging into his skin. And he'd lost control over his mouth and throat muscles, so he couldn't talk anymore. He could blink and nod to some extent, but that was about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185758\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-185758\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Tim Goliver and his wife, Christine, last year in Washington, D.C. Goliver was 21 when he first developed a stomach bug, and then Guillain-Barre.\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/tim_enl-a67774177ef554bffd02c67ec0d62fb13b404428.jpg 1223w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tim Goliver and his wife, Christine, last year in Washington, D.C. Goliver was 21 when he first developed a stomach bug, and then Guillain-Barre. \u003ccite>(Courtesy: Tim Goliver)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was just completely unable to move and I just would watch the same episode of \u003cem>Sports Center\u003c/em> again and again on replay and feel like I was in a loop and things were totally out of control,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When friends and family came over, they'd communicate to him with a poster full of letters, slowly dragging their fingers across each letter until Tim nodded or blinked to indicate he wanted to use it to spell something out. It could take 10 minutes to spell out one word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks, he lay paralyzed and silent, fed through a tube. When he did start breathing on his own again, Tim says, each breath was so nerve-racking it felt like he was about to fall off the edge of a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But bit by bit, it got to the point where I was able to do that and it felt like I was in control,\" he says. Tim spent two months in the intensive care unit and two months in rehab, and then went home in an electric wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther lost mobility, too, and spent weeks in intensive care. But he was able to breathe and talk the whole time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember my sister saying, 'GBS took everything else away but didn't take his mouth away,' \" says Luther, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his years in the military, Luther had routinely aced the physical fitness tests. He trained about 2,000 recruits and sent them off on their military careers. There's an old saying, \"the more you sweat in peace, the less you bleed in war,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185759\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-185759\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Luther trained recruits in the military.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_24-dc669ba2fa2d07a5bc4857edcd44702e76d13513.jpg 1438w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther trained recruits in the military.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The military gave me the idea that I could do just about anything, so when I was in the hospital, I looked at this illness as just another mission that I had to accomplish,\" says Luther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He loved being in shape because it was the one thing he knew he could control, but Guillain-Barre syndrome made him so weak that he couldn't even blink. When he fell asleep, his eyes would just roll back in his head. The nurses had to put gel on his eyes so they wouldn't dry out at night. After six weeks in the hospital, he saw himself in a mirror for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And when I looked up, I was shocked. I was floored that that was me — this thin, gaunt guy. That was probably more shocking to me than anything,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He'd lost about 30 pounds. For his birthday, the nurses pureed a cake for him, because his face and throat muscles were too weak to chew and swallow solid food. \"It was horrible, but I loved them for it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, things did not look good — he wasn't making any progress toward moving again. But when a doctor told Luther that most people fully recover, that gave him hope. \"It's on. I got this, Doc,\" he said. \"GBS done messed with the wrong person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every night he'd give himself a pep talk, repeating a line from a song. \" 'Nobody told me the road would be easy, but I don't believe He brought me this far to leave me.' Just say that every night. Every night,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, Luther moved his hand ever so slightly. Then a muscle twitched in his leg. A few days later, he blinked. After months in the hospital, he was transferred to rehab, where he learned how to move around in a wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally he was able to return to the house that had been full of boxes when he left about six months before. He had to live in the basement because he couldn't get up the stairs. His progress at home was excruciatingly slow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Days start running into weeks, weeks start running into months,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther was not one of the lucky 80 percent. He's in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1114525\" target=\"_blank\">20 percent\u003c/a> of GBS patients who don't recover fully. For the most part, he's independent. He lives in his own apartment at National Harbor near Washington, D.C. An aide stops by three times a week to help out with cleaning and cooking. He goes out to movies and dinner with his family in an electric wheelchair. He loves to read on a dock at the harbor. He's even learning Spanish. But he still can't take more than a few steps with a walker, and just moving his face enough to talk can feel like a muscular feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_185760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1911px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-185760\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326.jpg\" alt=\"Luther checks out the waterfront near his home in National Harbor, Md.\" width=\"1911\" height=\"1075\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326.jpg 1911w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/05/luther_national-harbor_wide-116514591654951c5e256eefbfdb7ea1803f4326-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1911px) 100vw, 1911px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther checks out the waterfront near his home in National Harbor, Md. \u003ccite>(Meredith Rizzo/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things I hate the most is that I lost my ability to smile. It's difficult for me to do. It looks almost like a grimace,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been six years since he first got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't dishearten me, but I realize this just might be my plight, so I take a smile with me and let's go. Make the best of it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim, on the other hand, recovered almost fully. He quickly regained his ability to talk and work. He went back to school and got his degree. He even proposed to his wife at the top of a mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the point where I started to walk up mountains again without pain, I felt that I had conquered the actual experience. I look at it now and I don't see anything that it's keeping me from doing,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has leather braces to stabilize his ankles, some tingling in his feet, and a very small scar on his throat from the ventilator, a mark from when he hit rock bottom. That's about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did Tim recover so much more function than Luther did? And why did the two of them get Guillain-Barre syndrome when so many other people who were exposed to the same bugs didn't?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unknown,\" says neurologist Gorson. \"There's clearly an interaction between the infectious agent, the immune response, and then something that's special or unique about the patient's peripheral nerve system,\" he says. Sometimes it has to do with age, medical care, how much nerve damage happened, or even the kind of bacteria or virus that caused the illness in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Predicting how much a patient will recover is one of the things Gorson and other neurologists are trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.gbsstudies.org/about-igos\" target=\"_blank\">figure out\u003c/a>. They're collecting blood from over 1,000 people around the world, hoping to find out what triggers some people's immune systems to react in such an extreme way. It might lead to better treatments, or maybe even something they can do to stop the progression of the disease before it gets so bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Zika virus does begin spreading through the U.S. as \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nrmicro.2016.70.html\">predicted\u003c/a>, there may be \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)00562-6/abstract\">more cases\u003c/a> of Guillain-Barre syndrome. The condition will still remain rare, but even a slight increase in cases could be horrible — not just for the people who get it, but also due to the \u003ca href=\"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00134-016-4364-x\">strain\u003c/a> it puts on hospital intensive care units and insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I cost over a million dollars, and that is something I have never forgotten,\" says Tim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim and Luther did not get Guillain-Barre from Zika. But the result is the same. And if their cases show anything, it's that no matter what the cause, the disease is one wild ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Suddenly+Paralyzed%2C+2+Men+Struggle+To+Recover+From+Guillain-Barre&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/185754/suddenly-paralyzed-2-men-struggle-to-recover-from-guillain-barre","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_185754"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746","stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_185755","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_165469":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_165469","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"165469","score":null,"sort":[1459183326000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"first-case-of-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-in-california-reported","title":"First Case of Sexually Transmitted Zika Virus in California Reported","publishDate":1459183326,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>The first case of Zika virus acquired in California was confirmed by health department officials on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A San Diego woman contracted the virus in February after sexual contact with a male partner who had been infected with Zika on a trip to Colombia, a country where the virus is prevalent, San Diego County officials \u003ca href=\"http://www.countynewscenter.com/news/first-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-case-san-diego-county-reported\" target=\"_blank\">report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman was not pregnant and she and her partner have fully recovered, the California Department of Public Health said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first confirmed case in California where Zika virus was transmitted sexually,” California Department of Public Health Director and State Public Health Officer Karen Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR16-016.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">said\u003c/a>. “If your partner has traveled to an area where Zika is present, protecting yourself by abstaining from sex or using condoms during sex is the best way to prevent sexual transmission of the Zika virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, there have been 22 travel-associated Zika cases in 2015 and 2016. There have been no cases of the virus being acquired from mosquito bites here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spread of Zika virus has caused alarm worldwide because it can spread from a woman to her baby during pregnancy and lead to birth defects including microcephaly, a condition, where a baby is born with a smaller head due to abnormal brain development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local health officials offered recommendations to help prevent the spread of Zika virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Men who have traveled to an area where Zika virus is present should abstain from sex or use condoms with a partner who is pregnant or trying to become pregnant for the duration of the pregnancy, state health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who want to get pregnant with a partner who has had exposure to Zika virus should talk to their doctor about the risks of Zika virus during pregnancy, state officials said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A San Diego woman contracted the virus after sexual contact with a male partner who had been infected with Zika on a trip to Colombia.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1459190691,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":305},"headData":{"title":"First Case of Sexually Transmitted Zika Virus in California Reported | KQED","description":"A San Diego woman contracted the virus after sexual contact with a male partner who had been infected with Zika on a trip to Colombia.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"165469 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=165469","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/03/28/first-case-of-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-in-california-reported/","disqusTitle":"First Case of Sexually Transmitted Zika Virus in California Reported","path":"/stateofhealth/165469/first-case-of-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-in-california-reported","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first case of Zika virus acquired in California was confirmed by health department officials on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A San Diego woman contracted the virus in February after sexual contact with a male partner who had been infected with Zika on a trip to Colombia, a country where the virus is prevalent, San Diego County officials \u003ca href=\"http://www.countynewscenter.com/news/first-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-case-san-diego-county-reported\" target=\"_blank\">report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman was not pregnant and she and her partner have fully recovered, the California Department of Public Health said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first confirmed case in California where Zika virus was transmitted sexually,” California Department of Public Health Director and State Public Health Officer Karen Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR16-016.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">said\u003c/a>. “If your partner has traveled to an area where Zika is present, protecting yourself by abstaining from sex or using condoms during sex is the best way to prevent sexual transmission of the Zika virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, there have been 22 travel-associated Zika cases in 2015 and 2016. There have been no cases of the virus being acquired from mosquito bites here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spread of Zika virus has caused alarm worldwide because it can spread from a woman to her baby during pregnancy and lead to birth defects including microcephaly, a condition, where a baby is born with a smaller head due to abnormal brain development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local health officials offered recommendations to help prevent the spread of Zika virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Men who have traveled to an area where Zika virus is present should abstain from sex or use condoms with a partner who is pregnant or trying to become pregnant for the duration of the pregnancy, state health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who want to get pregnant with a partner who has had exposure to Zika virus should talk to their doctor about the risks of Zika virus during pregnancy, state officials said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/165469/first-case-of-sexually-transmitted-zika-virus-in-california-reported","authors":["11105"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11","stateofhealth_12"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_2653"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_165492","label":"stateofhealth"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. 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