California's New Vaccine Law Expected to Send Disease Rates Plummeting
What Offers Better Immunity: The Flu Vaccine or the Flu Itself?
California's New Health Laws Coming in 2016
State Issues Whooping Cough Warning
Next Up for Vaccines: Required for California's Child Care Workers?
California Senate Approves Bill That Would End Vaccine Opt-Out
Study: Measles - the Disease - Can Suppress Immunity Up to 3 Years; Highlights Even Greater Benefits of Vaccine
Whooping Cough Vaccine Effectiveness Fades -- and Fast
California Vaccine Bill Approved in Key Hearing
Sponsored
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West Virginia last saw measles – a highly contagious virus that kills an estimated 314 people worldwide every day – in 2009. Now, with California’s new vaccination law rolling out shot by shot, the state joins Mississippi and West Virginia to become the third in the nation to adopt stringent vaccination school entrance requirements. And medical experts say disease rates are likely to fall in California as they have in those states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good club to be in,” said Rahul Gupta, state health officer in West Virginia, who was effusive in welcoming California – home to more than eight times the number of children under the age of 18 as Mississippi and West Virginia combined – as a public health leader in school vaccinations, a role that the two Southern states have played for decades. “What we are seeing in West Virginia is a significant decline in vaccine-preventable diseases,” he said. “We expect the same in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t had a measles case in a schoolchild in decades,” said Thomas Dobbs, state epidemiologist in Mississippi, which has the highest school vaccination rate in the nation for measles, mumps and rubella with 99.7 percent of students receiving the immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a year after a measles outbreak at Disneyland and Disney California Adventure spread to 134 Californians, as well as to residents in six other states and two other countries, the new law removes the personal belief exemptions that allowed parents not to vaccinate their children in public or private schools or child care centers based on an opposition to vaccines. As in Mississippi and West Virginia, California now allows only children who have a medical reason to be excused from the mandate if they wish to attend public or private schools and child care centers. Child by child, the new vaccination requirements, which took effect July 1, are being applied to babies, toddlers and students entering public or private child care, kindergarten and 7th grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passing the law, known by its legislative number as Senate Bill 277, was arduous at times, as vaccination opponents traveled to Sacramento legislative hearings to voice their belief in a retracted 1998 case study that suggested a link between vaccinations and autism – a case study that the British Medical Journal declared to be “an elaborate fraud.” Public health advocates now are having a moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Policies need to be based on science, not unfounded conjecture,” Dobbs said. “I am very impressed with California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has more than 9 million children under the age of 18, compared with 737,000 children in Mississippi and 382,000 children in West Virginia, according to 2015 figures, making the impact of improved vaccination rates all that more significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody – myself included – was very confident that we could accomplish this law,” said Mark Sawyer, a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases and a medical school professor at UC San Diego. “Now people can see that it can be done – the legislators weighed the risks. I think other states will follow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The likelihood is very strong that the end result will be fewer cases of vaccine-preventable diseases in California,” said Arthur Reingold, professor of epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health. Several studies have documented that the easier it is for parents to decline to immunize their children, the higher the opt-out rates are and the greater the risk of outbreaks of measles and pertussis, also known as whooping cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of a federal law requiring school children to be immunized, state governments set the standards. Every state allows children to be exempt from vaccinations if they have a medical reason, such as a compromised immune system or a severe allergy. But 47 states allow parents to choose not to vaccinate their children because of a personal or religious opposition to vaccination. A parent’s right not to vaccinate a child based on beliefs has been defeated several times in Supreme Court rulings that state there is a greater public good in widespread immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia instituted its vaccination requirements in 1987, has been strengthening them ever since and has never had a religious or personal belief exemption. Mississippi set its vaccination requirements in 1972, never had a personal belief exemption and ended its religious exemption in 1979, when the state Supreme Court ruled against such exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ensuing decades, the fraudulent paper on the possible link between vaccinations and autism by Andrew Wakefield, a British doctor who was stripped of his medical license by a government review board, has sowed fear in parents and wreaked havoc on vaccination rates in Europe and, to a lesser extent, in the U.S. Both Gupta and Dobbs noted that it is far easier never to have had exemptions to vaccination requirements, or to have removed them decades ago, than to remove them in 2015 as California did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia legislators continue to strengthen vaccination laws and in 2015 extended vaccination requirements to preschoolers. Amid complaints from a few parents that medical exemptions were being granted or denied without consistency, legislators last year created the position of state immunization officer, who is in charge of ruling whether a medical exemption is warranted. Having the state immunization officer has reduced complaints to legislators, Gupta said, “and significantly reduced criticism” of the vaccination requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California and elsewhere, non-medical exemptions have created pockets of unvaccinated children that have facilitated the spread of potentially life-threatening diseases, particularly measles and pertussis, according to a 2016 research review published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most at-risk groups for the diseases are infants who are too young to be vaccinated and individuals with compromised immune systems, Sawyer said. On July 15, a previously healthy 5-month-old San Diego infant died of pertussis, according to the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency. On the same day, a 51-year-old San Diego man said to have underlying health issues died of complications from chicken pox, the health agency said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The stringent vaccination school entrance requirements took effect July 1.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1470777382,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":1061},"headData":{"title":"California's New Vaccine Law Expected to Send Disease Rates Plummeting | KQED","description":"The stringent vaccination school entrance requirements took effect July 1.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California's New Vaccine Law Expected to Send Disease Rates Plummeting","datePublished":"2016-08-09T21:16:22.000Z","dateModified":"2016-08-09T21:16:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"222927 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=222927","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/08/09/californias-new-vaccine-law-expected-to-send-disease-rates-plummeting/","disqusTitle":"California's New Vaccine Law Expected to Send Disease Rates Plummeting","nprByline":"Jane Meredith Adams\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://edsource.org\">Ed Source\u003c/a>","path":"/stateofhealth/222927/californias-new-vaccine-law-expected-to-send-disease-rates-plummeting","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mississippi hasn’t had a case of measles since 1992. West Virginia last saw measles – a highly contagious virus that kills an estimated 314 people worldwide every day – in 2009. Now, with California’s new vaccination law rolling out shot by shot, the state joins Mississippi and West Virginia to become the third in the nation to adopt stringent vaccination school entrance requirements. And medical experts say disease rates are likely to fall in California as they have in those states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good club to be in,” said Rahul Gupta, state health officer in West Virginia, who was effusive in welcoming California – home to more than eight times the number of children under the age of 18 as Mississippi and West Virginia combined – as a public health leader in school vaccinations, a role that the two Southern states have played for decades. “What we are seeing in West Virginia is a significant decline in vaccine-preventable diseases,” he said. “We expect the same in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t had a measles case in a schoolchild in decades,” said Thomas Dobbs, state epidemiologist in Mississippi, which has the highest school vaccination rate in the nation for measles, mumps and rubella with 99.7 percent of students receiving the immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a year after a measles outbreak at Disneyland and Disney California Adventure spread to 134 Californians, as well as to residents in six other states and two other countries, the new law removes the personal belief exemptions that allowed parents not to vaccinate their children in public or private schools or child care centers based on an opposition to vaccines. As in Mississippi and West Virginia, California now allows only children who have a medical reason to be excused from the mandate if they wish to attend public or private schools and child care centers. Child by child, the new vaccination requirements, which took effect July 1, are being applied to babies, toddlers and students entering public or private child care, kindergarten and 7th grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passing the law, known by its legislative number as Senate Bill 277, was arduous at times, as vaccination opponents traveled to Sacramento legislative hearings to voice their belief in a retracted 1998 case study that suggested a link between vaccinations and autism – a case study that the British Medical Journal declared to be “an elaborate fraud.” Public health advocates now are having a moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Policies need to be based on science, not unfounded conjecture,” Dobbs said. “I am very impressed with California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has more than 9 million children under the age of 18, compared with 737,000 children in Mississippi and 382,000 children in West Virginia, according to 2015 figures, making the impact of improved vaccination rates all that more significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody – myself included – was very confident that we could accomplish this law,” said Mark Sawyer, a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases and a medical school professor at UC San Diego. “Now people can see that it can be done – the legislators weighed the risks. I think other states will follow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The likelihood is very strong that the end result will be fewer cases of vaccine-preventable diseases in California,” said Arthur Reingold, professor of epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health. Several studies have documented that the easier it is for parents to decline to immunize their children, the higher the opt-out rates are and the greater the risk of outbreaks of measles and pertussis, also known as whooping cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of a federal law requiring school children to be immunized, state governments set the standards. Every state allows children to be exempt from vaccinations if they have a medical reason, such as a compromised immune system or a severe allergy. But 47 states allow parents to choose not to vaccinate their children because of a personal or religious opposition to vaccination. A parent’s right not to vaccinate a child based on beliefs has been defeated several times in Supreme Court rulings that state there is a greater public good in widespread immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia instituted its vaccination requirements in 1987, has been strengthening them ever since and has never had a religious or personal belief exemption. Mississippi set its vaccination requirements in 1972, never had a personal belief exemption and ended its religious exemption in 1979, when the state Supreme Court ruled against such exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ensuing decades, the fraudulent paper on the possible link between vaccinations and autism by Andrew Wakefield, a British doctor who was stripped of his medical license by a government review board, has sowed fear in parents and wreaked havoc on vaccination rates in Europe and, to a lesser extent, in the U.S. Both Gupta and Dobbs noted that it is far easier never to have had exemptions to vaccination requirements, or to have removed them decades ago, than to remove them in 2015 as California did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia legislators continue to strengthen vaccination laws and in 2015 extended vaccination requirements to preschoolers. Amid complaints from a few parents that medical exemptions were being granted or denied without consistency, legislators last year created the position of state immunization officer, who is in charge of ruling whether a medical exemption is warranted. Having the state immunization officer has reduced complaints to legislators, Gupta said, “and significantly reduced criticism” of the vaccination requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California and elsewhere, non-medical exemptions have created pockets of unvaccinated children that have facilitated the spread of potentially life-threatening diseases, particularly measles and pertussis, according to a 2016 research review published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most at-risk groups for the diseases are infants who are too young to be vaccinated and individuals with compromised immune systems, Sawyer said. On July 15, a previously healthy 5-month-old San Diego infant died of pertussis, according to the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency. On the same day, a 51-year-old San Diego man said to have underlying health issues died of complications from chicken pox, the health agency said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/222927/californias-new-vaccine-law-expected-to-send-disease-rates-plummeting","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_222927"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2746"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_726","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_725","stateofhealth_31"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_222945","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_152601":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_152601","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"152601","score":null,"sort":[1456337361000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"better-immunity-from-flu-vaccine-or-flu-itself","title":"What Offers Better Immunity: The Flu Vaccine or the Flu Itself?","publishDate":1456337361,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>This year’s flu season has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-february-flu-20160211-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">fairly mild\u003c/a> so far, as predicted. But also as \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2015/12/17/flu-season-february/\">predicted\u003c/a>, flu cases have been picking up, in line with the expected February peak this year. The most \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/summary.htm\">recent report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows an increase in influenza-like illnesses and notes that it’s never too late to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The big problem with immunity you might get from having the flu ... is that you have to actually get the flu. It can be a serious illness.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the flu vaccines varies widely in its effectiveness from year to year. So, how worthwhile is it, really? You could instead take your chances with the flu, and if you get it, you’ll have even better immunity to the flu in the future anyway, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, it’s not that simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two things to unpack here: how effective the flu vaccine is and whether getting the flu might protect someone more than the vaccine from future illness. Both of these start with understanding the virus itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What makes the flu virus so confusing and tricky is it mutates,” explained Dr. Kawsar R. Talaat with the Center For Immunization Research at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. “When it makes copies of itself, it does so sloppily, and there are mistakes made,” Talaat said. “Some of those mistakes don’t work — the virus doesn’t leave the cell or dies — but occasionally in the copying process, it allows the virus to be a little bit better at infecting the next person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The influenza virus also mutates very rapidly, explained Litjen Tan, Ph.D., chief strategy officer for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.immunize.org/\">Immunization Action Coalition\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With flu, we’re dealing with a very cool virus,” Tan said. “It’s got these great ways of switching around its genes so it can look different, and it wants to look different so it can better evade the immune system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rapid mutations account for the different strains among the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/types.htm\" target=\"_blank\">four basic types\u003c/a> of flu viruses that infect humans. That variety of strains partly explains the variation in the flu vaccine’s effectiveness. To make an effective vaccine, public health officials must predict which strains will be circulating almost a year ahead of time, all while the virus is a moving target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine’s effectiveness falls short for other reasons too, Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person's \"immune response to flu vaccine is not perfect, so effectiveness will never be 100 percent even if the strains perfectly match,” Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, even if strains or antibodies match well, each new vaccine’s ability to induce an immune response varies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, individuals respond differently to the vaccine. Older adults do not mount as strong a defense because their immune systems are older. Infants don’t mount a strong response because their immune systems aren’t fully developed yet. And if you're in the middle -- being sick, tired, sleep-deprived or otherwise run down in some way may affect how well your own body responds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the evidence suggesting \u003ca href=\"http://www.statnews.com/2015/11/11/flu-shots-reduce-effectiveness/\" target=\"_blank\">annual flu shots are less effective\u003c/a> when you’ve had one the previous year. One possible explanation for this is that the body’s response to a previous year’s vaccine blunts the response the following year, Tan said, but scientists are still trying to understand it. A blunted immune response from the vaccine, however, still offers more protection than not getting the vaccine at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Until we get a true handle on what the mechanism could be, the current recommendation is the best one we have,” Tan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point you might be thinking -- maybe I'll just take the immunity I would get from contracting the flu itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_152607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-152607 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/RS12665_20141017_vaccines_jt_002-400x267.jpg\" alt='A student gets a \"flu mist\" vaccine at a campaign at hi Oakland elementary school. The Centers for Disease Control says people ages 2-49 can get this nasal spray vaccine.' width=\"400\" height=\"267\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student gets a \"flu mist\" vaccine during a clinic at his Oakland elementary school. The Centers for Disease Control says people ages 2-49 can get this nasal spray vaccine. \u003ccite>(James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That might make some sense — except it requires actually getting sick, and the flu is not a mild illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first problem with this idea is that you can get really, really sick and die from the flu,” Talaat said. “If you get the flu vaccine, even if it doesn’t protect you from getting sick, hopefully it protects you from severe disease and from death. It tends to mitigate the illness somewhat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is true that a flu infection will stimulate the immune system more strongly than the vaccine will, said Tan, but that comes with a price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a country, we don’t think flu is a big deal, but it is deceivingly serious,” Tan said. Deaths from flu each year \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/us_flu-related_deaths.htm\" target=\"_blank\">vary widely\u003c/a>, but they’re always in the thousands, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5933a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\">ranging from 3,000 to 49,000\u003c/a> people a year in the U.S. “It makes absolutely no sense when we have proven safe and effective vaccine against flu -- and all these other diseases -- that we don’t use them,” Tan said. “It’s like throwing the dice with your child’s, your own or your grandparent’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even aside from that gamble, however, the immunity gained from a bout of the flu only protects against that particular subtype and won’t last long because of those rapid mutations described above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting the flu and surviving is the best immunity against that particular strain of flu, but that’s just one of the four lineages, and it drifts. That one may be circulating for only three or four years,” Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you willing to get the flu every three or four years to maintain immunity to it? That doesn’t make a lot of sense.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"You may have wondered this yourself: won't getting the flu give me better immunity? One big problem with this idea. You have to get the flu. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1456499155,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1010},"headData":{"title":"What Offers Better Immunity: The Flu Vaccine or the Flu Itself? | KQED","description":"You may have wondered this yourself: won't getting the flu give me better immunity? One big problem with this idea. You have to get the flu. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What Offers Better Immunity: The Flu Vaccine or the Flu Itself?","datePublished":"2016-02-24T18:09:21.000Z","dateModified":"2016-02-26T15:05:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"152601 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=152601","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/02/24/better-immunity-from-flu-vaccine-or-flu-itself/","disqusTitle":"What Offers Better Immunity: The Flu Vaccine or the Flu Itself?","nprByline":"Tara Haelle","path":"/stateofhealth/152601/better-immunity-from-flu-vaccine-or-flu-itself","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year’s flu season has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-february-flu-20160211-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">fairly mild\u003c/a> so far, as predicted. But also as \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2015/12/17/flu-season-february/\">predicted\u003c/a>, flu cases have been picking up, in line with the expected February peak this year. The most \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/summary.htm\">recent report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows an increase in influenza-like illnesses and notes that it’s never too late to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The big problem with immunity you might get from having the flu ... is that you have to actually get the flu. It can be a serious illness.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the flu vaccines varies widely in its effectiveness from year to year. So, how worthwhile is it, really? You could instead take your chances with the flu, and if you get it, you’ll have even better immunity to the flu in the future anyway, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, it’s not that simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two things to unpack here: how effective the flu vaccine is and whether getting the flu might protect someone more than the vaccine from future illness. Both of these start with understanding the virus itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What makes the flu virus so confusing and tricky is it mutates,” explained Dr. Kawsar R. Talaat with the Center For Immunization Research at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. “When it makes copies of itself, it does so sloppily, and there are mistakes made,” Talaat said. “Some of those mistakes don’t work — the virus doesn’t leave the cell or dies — but occasionally in the copying process, it allows the virus to be a little bit better at infecting the next person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The influenza virus also mutates very rapidly, explained Litjen Tan, Ph.D., chief strategy officer for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.immunize.org/\">Immunization Action Coalition\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With flu, we’re dealing with a very cool virus,” Tan said. “It’s got these great ways of switching around its genes so it can look different, and it wants to look different so it can better evade the immune system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rapid mutations account for the different strains among the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/types.htm\" target=\"_blank\">four basic types\u003c/a> of flu viruses that infect humans. That variety of strains partly explains the variation in the flu vaccine’s effectiveness. To make an effective vaccine, public health officials must predict which strains will be circulating almost a year ahead of time, all while the virus is a moving target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine’s effectiveness falls short for other reasons too, Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person's \"immune response to flu vaccine is not perfect, so effectiveness will never be 100 percent even if the strains perfectly match,” Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, even if strains or antibodies match well, each new vaccine’s ability to induce an immune response varies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, individuals respond differently to the vaccine. Older adults do not mount as strong a defense because their immune systems are older. Infants don’t mount a strong response because their immune systems aren’t fully developed yet. And if you're in the middle -- being sick, tired, sleep-deprived or otherwise run down in some way may affect how well your own body responds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the evidence suggesting \u003ca href=\"http://www.statnews.com/2015/11/11/flu-shots-reduce-effectiveness/\" target=\"_blank\">annual flu shots are less effective\u003c/a> when you’ve had one the previous year. One possible explanation for this is that the body’s response to a previous year’s vaccine blunts the response the following year, Tan said, but scientists are still trying to understand it. A blunted immune response from the vaccine, however, still offers more protection than not getting the vaccine at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Until we get a true handle on what the mechanism could be, the current recommendation is the best one we have,” Tan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point you might be thinking -- maybe I'll just take the immunity I would get from contracting the flu itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_152607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-152607 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/RS12665_20141017_vaccines_jt_002-400x267.jpg\" alt='A student gets a \"flu mist\" vaccine at a campaign at hi Oakland elementary school. The Centers for Disease Control says people ages 2-49 can get this nasal spray vaccine.' width=\"400\" height=\"267\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student gets a \"flu mist\" vaccine during a clinic at his Oakland elementary school. The Centers for Disease Control says people ages 2-49 can get this nasal spray vaccine. \u003ccite>(James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That might make some sense — except it requires actually getting sick, and the flu is not a mild illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first problem with this idea is that you can get really, really sick and die from the flu,” Talaat said. “If you get the flu vaccine, even if it doesn’t protect you from getting sick, hopefully it protects you from severe disease and from death. It tends to mitigate the illness somewhat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is true that a flu infection will stimulate the immune system more strongly than the vaccine will, said Tan, but that comes with a price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a country, we don’t think flu is a big deal, but it is deceivingly serious,” Tan said. Deaths from flu each year \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/us_flu-related_deaths.htm\" target=\"_blank\">vary widely\u003c/a>, but they’re always in the thousands, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5933a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\">ranging from 3,000 to 49,000\u003c/a> people a year in the U.S. “It makes absolutely no sense when we have proven safe and effective vaccine against flu -- and all these other diseases -- that we don’t use them,” Tan said. “It’s like throwing the dice with your child’s, your own or your grandparent’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even aside from that gamble, however, the immunity gained from a bout of the flu only protects against that particular subtype and won’t last long because of those rapid mutations described above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting the flu and surviving is the best immunity against that particular strain of flu, but that’s just one of the four lineages, and it drifts. That one may be circulating for only three or four years,” Talaat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you willing to get the flu every three or four years to maintain immunity to it? That doesn’t make a lot of sense.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/152601/better-immunity-from-flu-vaccine-or-flu-itself","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_152601"],"categories":["stateofhealth_12"],"tags":["stateofhealth_403","stateofhealth_2583","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_152605","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_132165":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_132165","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"132165","score":null,"sort":[1451505314000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-new-health-laws-coming-in-2016","title":"California's New Health Laws Coming in 2016","publishDate":1451505314,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>The new year arrives Friday, and with it a host of new state laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's our roundup of new ones coming in health. Most take effect on Friday, except where noted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vaccines: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB 277\u003c/a> was perhaps the most vehemently debated bill in Sacramento in a long time. Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) introduced the bill just weeks after a measles outbreak tied to Disneyland. The law requires that all children be fully vaccinated to attend school -- both public and private -- unless they have a medical exemption. The law takes effect July 1, in advance of the 2016-2017 school year.\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB792\" target=\"_blank\"> A second law\u003c/a> related to vaccines requires all child-care workers to be vaccinated against measles, pertussis and influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Physician-Assisted Suicide\u003c/strong>: Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520162AB15\" target=\"_blank\">End of Life Option Act \u003c/a>into law with\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/10/05/governor-brown-signs-physician-assisted-suicide-bill-into-law-california-right-to-die/\" target=\"_blank\"> an unusually personal comment.\u003c/a> The law permits physicians to prescribe lethal medication to terminally ill patients who request it. There is no firm date for the law to go into effect because it was passed as part of an ongoing special legislative session that was called by the governor to address health care financing. It won't take effect until 90 days after the session ends. California became the fifth state to allow the practice, along with Oregon, Washington, Montana and Vermont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medi-Cal for Undocumented Children\u003c/strong>: California became\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/17/california-budget-includes-health-coverage-of-undocumented-children-a-first-nationally/\" target=\"_blank\"> the first state in the country\u003c/a> to extend state-subsidized health coverage to children who are living in the United States illegally. An estimated 170,000 children under age 19 will become eligible for Medi-Cal, the state's health insurance problem for people who are low income, when \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB4\" target=\"_blank\">the law\u003c/a> goes into effect on May 1. (Legislators are expected to consider \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB10\" target=\"_blank\">SB10,\u003c/a> which would extend Medi-Cal to adults, in 2016 as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reproductive Services Notification\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB775\" target=\"_blank\">The new law\u003c/a> covers required notifications at two types of facilities. Unlicensed facilities now will be required to notify clients that they are not licensed as medical facilities by the state. Meanwhile, licensed medical facilities are required to notify clients that California has public programs that provide free or low-cost access to contraceptives, prenatal care and abortion services. The law was\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/04/california-law-adds-new-twist-to-abortion-religious-freedom-debate\" target=\"_blank\"> challenged by centers \u003c/a>that do not provide abortions. Just before Christmas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article51197235.html\" target=\"_blank\">a federal judge upheld the law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Translation of Prescription Drug Information\u003c/strong>: Pharmacists are now required, upon request, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/09/10/calif-legislature-approves-bill-requiring-prescription-labels-in-5-foreign-languages/\" target=\"_blank\">to provide labels or medication information \u003c/a>in the five most common languages in California, after English: Spanish, Tagalog, Chinese, Vietnamese or Korean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hospitals and Caregivers\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB675\" target=\"_blank\">AB675\u003c/a> requires hospitals to include family caregivers in the hospitalization and discharge process. \u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/2015/12/california-latest-state-requiring-hospitals-to-keep-caregivers-in-the-loop.php\" target=\"_blank\">The goal \u003c/a>is to improve a patient's care and reduce the chance of readmission. California is one of 18 states to pass this type of law in the last two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CONSUMER PROTECTIONS:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Caps on Drug Copays\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB339\" target=\"_blank\">This law\u003c/a> limits patient's cost-sharing on specialty drugs to $250 a month and prohibits placing most or all drugs used to treat a certain condition on the highest cost tier in drug formularies.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Accurate Provider Directories\u003c/strong>: Insurers now must maintain an accurate database of providers on a website -- and they must update that directory every week, under \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB137\" target=\"_blank\">this new law. \u003c/a>The directories will include languages spoken by providers other than English.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cost-sharing Limits in Family Plans\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1305\" target=\"_blank\">This law\u003c/a> brings California into line with federal regulations, that an individual patient faces the out-of-pocket maximum set by the Affordable Care Act (now $6,600) for an individual, even if they are in a family plan (which has a max of $13,200 at present).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Insurance offered by Large Employers\u003c/strong>: Large employers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB248\" target=\"_blank\">must now follow consumer protections \u003c/a>that ensure they do not offer so-called junk insurance that does not offer minimum value, as defined.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LGBT HEALTH CARE:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sperm Donation:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB960\" target=\"_blank\">AB960 \u003c/a>was inspired by lesbian couples who want to have children. Many receive sperm donations from friends or relatives. This law says that the donor will not be viewed as the \"natural parent\" unless otherwise agreed to in writing prior to conception of the child.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Demographic Data Collection\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB959\" target=\"_blank\">This law requires\u003c/a> state departments overseeing health programs to collect voluntary information about sexual orientation and gender identity just as they collect race and ethnicity data.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FOSTER CHILDREN\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Placements for Trans Children\u003c/strong>: Foster children \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB731\" target=\"_blank\">now have the right \u003c/a>to placements consistent with their gender identity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Psychotropic Medications\u003c/strong>: Child welfare social workers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB238\" target=\"_blank\">will be better able \u003c/a>to oversee mental health treatments, including use of psychotropic medications, by foster children.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Foster Children Who Are Parents\u003c/strong>: This law \u003ca href=\"http://www.calyouthconn.org/assets/files/AB%20260%20Fact%20Sheet%20(4.1.15).pdf\" target=\"_blank\">provides support and protections\u003c/a> for foster children who are parents themselves.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New laws include required vaccines for schoolchildren, physician aid-in-dying, consumer protections in health insurance and more.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1452014180,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":779},"headData":{"title":"California's New Health Laws Coming in 2016 | KQED","description":"New laws include required vaccines for schoolchildren, physician aid-in-dying, consumer protections in health insurance and more.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California's New Health Laws Coming in 2016","datePublished":"2015-12-30T19:55:14.000Z","dateModified":"2016-01-05T17:16:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"132165 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=132165","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/12/30/californias-new-health-laws-coming-in-2016/","disqusTitle":"California's New Health Laws Coming in 2016","path":"/stateofhealth/132165/californias-new-health-laws-coming-in-2016","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The new year arrives Friday, and with it a host of new state laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's our roundup of new ones coming in health. Most take effect on Friday, except where noted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vaccines: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB 277\u003c/a> was perhaps the most vehemently debated bill in Sacramento in a long time. Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) introduced the bill just weeks after a measles outbreak tied to Disneyland. The law requires that all children be fully vaccinated to attend school -- both public and private -- unless they have a medical exemption. The law takes effect July 1, in advance of the 2016-2017 school year.\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB792\" target=\"_blank\"> A second law\u003c/a> related to vaccines requires all child-care workers to be vaccinated against measles, pertussis and influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Physician-Assisted Suicide\u003c/strong>: Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520162AB15\" target=\"_blank\">End of Life Option Act \u003c/a>into law with\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/10/05/governor-brown-signs-physician-assisted-suicide-bill-into-law-california-right-to-die/\" target=\"_blank\"> an unusually personal comment.\u003c/a> The law permits physicians to prescribe lethal medication to terminally ill patients who request it. There is no firm date for the law to go into effect because it was passed as part of an ongoing special legislative session that was called by the governor to address health care financing. It won't take effect until 90 days after the session ends. California became the fifth state to allow the practice, along with Oregon, Washington, Montana and Vermont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medi-Cal for Undocumented Children\u003c/strong>: California became\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/17/california-budget-includes-health-coverage-of-undocumented-children-a-first-nationally/\" target=\"_blank\"> the first state in the country\u003c/a> to extend state-subsidized health coverage to children who are living in the United States illegally. An estimated 170,000 children under age 19 will become eligible for Medi-Cal, the state's health insurance problem for people who are low income, when \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB4\" target=\"_blank\">the law\u003c/a> goes into effect on May 1. (Legislators are expected to consider \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB10\" target=\"_blank\">SB10,\u003c/a> which would extend Medi-Cal to adults, in 2016 as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reproductive Services Notification\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB775\" target=\"_blank\">The new law\u003c/a> covers required notifications at two types of facilities. Unlicensed facilities now will be required to notify clients that they are not licensed as medical facilities by the state. Meanwhile, licensed medical facilities are required to notify clients that California has public programs that provide free or low-cost access to contraceptives, prenatal care and abortion services. The law was\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/04/california-law-adds-new-twist-to-abortion-religious-freedom-debate\" target=\"_blank\"> challenged by centers \u003c/a>that do not provide abortions. Just before Christmas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article51197235.html\" target=\"_blank\">a federal judge upheld the law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Translation of Prescription Drug Information\u003c/strong>: Pharmacists are now required, upon request, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/09/10/calif-legislature-approves-bill-requiring-prescription-labels-in-5-foreign-languages/\" target=\"_blank\">to provide labels or medication information \u003c/a>in the five most common languages in California, after English: Spanish, Tagalog, Chinese, Vietnamese or Korean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hospitals and Caregivers\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB675\" target=\"_blank\">AB675\u003c/a> requires hospitals to include family caregivers in the hospitalization and discharge process. \u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/2015/12/california-latest-state-requiring-hospitals-to-keep-caregivers-in-the-loop.php\" target=\"_blank\">The goal \u003c/a>is to improve a patient's care and reduce the chance of readmission. California is one of 18 states to pass this type of law in the last two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CONSUMER PROTECTIONS:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Caps on Drug Copays\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB339\" target=\"_blank\">This law\u003c/a> limits patient's cost-sharing on specialty drugs to $250 a month and prohibits placing most or all drugs used to treat a certain condition on the highest cost tier in drug formularies.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Accurate Provider Directories\u003c/strong>: Insurers now must maintain an accurate database of providers on a website -- and they must update that directory every week, under \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB137\" target=\"_blank\">this new law. \u003c/a>The directories will include languages spoken by providers other than English.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cost-sharing Limits in Family Plans\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1305\" target=\"_blank\">This law\u003c/a> brings California into line with federal regulations, that an individual patient faces the out-of-pocket maximum set by the Affordable Care Act (now $6,600) for an individual, even if they are in a family plan (which has a max of $13,200 at present).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Insurance offered by Large Employers\u003c/strong>: Large employers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB248\" target=\"_blank\">must now follow consumer protections \u003c/a>that ensure they do not offer so-called junk insurance that does not offer minimum value, as defined.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LGBT HEALTH CARE:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sperm Donation:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB960\" target=\"_blank\">AB960 \u003c/a>was inspired by lesbian couples who want to have children. Many receive sperm donations from friends or relatives. This law says that the donor will not be viewed as the \"natural parent\" unless otherwise agreed to in writing prior to conception of the child.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Demographic Data Collection\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB959\" target=\"_blank\">This law requires\u003c/a> state departments overseeing health programs to collect voluntary information about sexual orientation and gender identity just as they collect race and ethnicity data.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FOSTER CHILDREN\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Placements for Trans Children\u003c/strong>: Foster children \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB731\" target=\"_blank\">now have the right \u003c/a>to placements consistent with their gender identity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Psychotropic Medications\u003c/strong>: Child welfare social workers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB238\" target=\"_blank\">will be better able \u003c/a>to oversee mental health treatments, including use of psychotropic medications, by foster children.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Foster Children Who Are Parents\u003c/strong>: This law \u003ca href=\"http://www.calyouthconn.org/assets/files/AB%20260%20Fact%20Sheet%20(4.1.15).pdf\" target=\"_blank\">provides support and protections\u003c/a> for foster children who are parents themselves.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/132165/californias-new-health-laws-coming-in-2016","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_14"],"tags":["stateofhealth_160","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_754","stateofhealth_2525","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_132229","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_56792":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_56792","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"56792","score":null,"sort":[1438722795000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"state-issues-whooping-cough-warning","title":"State Issues Whooping Cough Warning","publishDate":1438722795,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR15-053.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">issued a warning\u003c/a> Monday, particularly to pregnant women, about the prevalence and danger of whooping cough, and the need to increase the vaccination rate against the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whooping cough, also called pertussis, can be deadly for infants and is responsible for one infant death already this year, according to Karen Smith, director of the state Public Health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said, so far this year, there have been 126 infant hospitalizations due to whooping cough, along with the death of one baby -- and they're preventable, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, it's estimated that fewer than half of all pregnant women in California are vaccinated against whooping cough,\" Smith said. \"We need to increase that number to help improve the health of our children and of our communities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" target=\"_blank\">receive the whooping cough vaccination \u003c/a>in the last trimester of each pregnancy, Smith said, because the immunity decreases over time. Getting the vaccine is critical to stemming the spread of the illness, she said, which can be particularly dangerous for children under the age of one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vaccinated mothers pass protective antibodies to their infants during pregnancy,\" Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whooping cough vaccine called Tdap is designed to prevent tetanus and diphtheria, as well as pertussis. Whooping cough causes a severe, persistent cough, sometimes strong enough to make infants vomit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the state declared a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/06/27/whooping-cough-epidemic-continues-1100-new-cases-in-last-two-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\">whooping cough epidemic\u003c/a> and reported the highest rate of the disease since the 1950s, Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The higher incidence of whooping cough in California, along with last year's measles outbreak that originated at Disneyland, led to legislation signed last month by Gov. Jerry Brown that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">eliminated the religious and \"personal belief\" exemptions\u003c/a> for childhood immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That law goes into effect July 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The state urged that pregnant women, in particular, receive vaccinations. Antibodies can be passed to the baby during pregnancy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1438723344,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":300},"headData":{"title":"State Issues Whooping Cough Warning | KQED","description":"The state urged that pregnant women, in particular, receive vaccinations. Antibodies can be passed to the baby during pregnancy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"State Issues Whooping Cough Warning","datePublished":"2015-08-04T21:13:15.000Z","dateModified":"2015-08-04T21:22:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"56792 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=56792","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/08/04/state-issues-whooping-cough-warning/","disqusTitle":"State Issues Whooping Cough Warning","nprByline":"David Gorn, California Healthline","path":"/stateofhealth/56792/state-issues-whooping-cough-warning","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR15-053.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">issued a warning\u003c/a> Monday, particularly to pregnant women, about the prevalence and danger of whooping cough, and the need to increase the vaccination rate against the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whooping cough, also called pertussis, can be deadly for infants and is responsible for one infant death already this year, according to Karen Smith, director of the state Public Health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said, so far this year, there have been 126 infant hospitalizations due to whooping cough, along with the death of one baby -- and they're preventable, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, it's estimated that fewer than half of all pregnant women in California are vaccinated against whooping cough,\" Smith said. \"We need to increase that number to help improve the health of our children and of our communities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" target=\"_blank\">receive the whooping cough vaccination \u003c/a>in the last trimester of each pregnancy, Smith said, because the immunity decreases over time. Getting the vaccine is critical to stemming the spread of the illness, she said, which can be particularly dangerous for children under the age of one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vaccinated mothers pass protective antibodies to their infants during pregnancy,\" Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whooping cough vaccine called Tdap is designed to prevent tetanus and diphtheria, as well as pertussis. Whooping cough causes a severe, persistent cough, sometimes strong enough to make infants vomit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the state declared a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/06/27/whooping-cough-epidemic-continues-1100-new-cases-in-last-two-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\">whooping cough epidemic\u003c/a> and reported the highest rate of the disease since the 1950s, Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The higher incidence of whooping cough in California, along with last year's measles outbreak that originated at Disneyland, led to legislation signed last month by Gov. Jerry Brown that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">eliminated the religious and \"personal belief\" exemptions\u003c/a> for childhood immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That law goes into effect July 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/56792/state-issues-whooping-cough-warning","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_56792"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11"],"tags":["stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725","stateofhealth_152"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_56793","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_28132":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_28132","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"28132","score":null,"sort":[1431971210000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"next-up-for-vaccines-required-for-californias-child-care-workers","title":"Next Up for Vaccines: Required for California's Child Care Workers?","publishDate":1431971210,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>While a move to abolish the vaccine \"personal belief exemption\" has \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/14/california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out/\" target=\"_blank\">dominated headlines\u003c/a> in the last weeks across California, two other vaccine-related bills are making their way through the Legislature a bit more quietly. One would require preschool and child care workers to have certain vaccinations; another seeks to improve vaccination rates for 2-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\"> SB792\u003c/a> becomes law, California will be the first state in the country to require that all preschool and child care workers be immunized against measles, pertussis and the flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tony Mendoza (D-Montebello) says that most people are startled to find out such a mandate is not already in place. \"Most people … say 'We don't do that now?' \" he said. \"So this is something that's needed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"3ZiLNP2OfJLo4njF7AQF09RIwVdEuYT2\"]Mendoza says that the bill is designed to protect children who cannot be vaccinated or fully vaccinated because of their age or medical condition. Ensuring that adults in close contact with the children are vaccinated will help protect these children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the bill currently reads, violations would be a criminal offense. Mendoza says lawmakers are working to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kat DeBurgh is the executive director of the Health Officers Association of California, which sponsored SB792. She said the bill is about disease control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly aren’t out to arrest people who aren’t vaccinated,” DeBurgh said. “We wanted to make this just like any other violation of code that an inspector would look for. If you don’t remediate, then there is a fine to the day care center.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care workers who cannot show proof of vaccination would be given 90 days to comply -- or employers would be required to fire them. If the employer failed to fire an unvaccinated worker, the company would face a fine of $25-$50 per day. The fines would begin after 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza compared the requirement to tuberculosis tests, which are already required for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don't come back with proof that you took the [tuberculosis] test and show that you’re negative, you can't come back to work,” he said. “It’s the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bill becomes law, it would affect more than 300,000 child care workers in more than 40,000 child care centers across the state, according to Community Care Licensing Division of the California Department of Social Services (CDSS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While philosophical and religious exemptions to immunization have been discussed when amending other vaccination bills, Mendoza said, lawmakers drafting SB792 are only allowing for medical exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t seen any religion against [vaccination,]” Mendoza said. ”If people want to read into their religion in a certain way to make it seem like they're against this as a religious right, I'm not sure how they do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1117\" target=\"_blank\">AB1117,\u003c/a> aims to promote vaccination of 2-year-olds who are insured under Medi-Cal managed care plans. In 2013, 39,000 2-year-olds lacked one or more recommended immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill proposes a five-year demonstration project to be reviewed under a contract with the University of California and other researchers. AB1117 is currently on hold in the Assembly suspense file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB792 was scheduled to be heard by the Senate Appropriations Committee Monday, but since there are few costs associated with the bill, it is likely to bypass Appropriations and head to the Senate floor.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California bill would require that child care workers are vaccinated against measles, pertussis and flu. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1431994781,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":592},"headData":{"title":"Next Up for Vaccines: Required for California's Child Care Workers? | KQED","description":"California bill would require that child care workers are vaccinated against measles, pertussis and flu. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Next Up for Vaccines: Required for California's Child Care Workers?","datePublished":"2015-05-18T17:46:50.000Z","dateModified":"2015-05-19T00:19:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"28132 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=28132","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/18/next-up-for-vaccines-required-for-californias-child-care-workers/","disqusTitle":"Next Up for Vaccines: Required for California's Child Care Workers?","nprByline":"Michelle Dutro","path":"/stateofhealth/28132/next-up-for-vaccines-required-for-californias-child-care-workers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While a move to abolish the vaccine \"personal belief exemption\" has \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/14/california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out/\" target=\"_blank\">dominated headlines\u003c/a> in the last weeks across California, two other vaccine-related bills are making their way through the Legislature a bit more quietly. One would require preschool and child care workers to have certain vaccinations; another seeks to improve vaccination rates for 2-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\"> SB792\u003c/a> becomes law, California will be the first state in the country to require that all preschool and child care workers be immunized against measles, pertussis and the flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tony Mendoza (D-Montebello) says that most people are startled to find out such a mandate is not already in place. \"Most people … say 'We don't do that now?' \" he said. \"So this is something that's needed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Mendoza says that the bill is designed to protect children who cannot be vaccinated or fully vaccinated because of their age or medical condition. Ensuring that adults in close contact with the children are vaccinated will help protect these children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the bill currently reads, violations would be a criminal offense. Mendoza says lawmakers are working to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kat DeBurgh is the executive director of the Health Officers Association of California, which sponsored SB792. She said the bill is about disease control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly aren’t out to arrest people who aren’t vaccinated,” DeBurgh said. “We wanted to make this just like any other violation of code that an inspector would look for. If you don’t remediate, then there is a fine to the day care center.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care workers who cannot show proof of vaccination would be given 90 days to comply -- or employers would be required to fire them. If the employer failed to fire an unvaccinated worker, the company would face a fine of $25-$50 per day. The fines would begin after 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza compared the requirement to tuberculosis tests, which are already required for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don't come back with proof that you took the [tuberculosis] test and show that you’re negative, you can't come back to work,” he said. “It’s the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bill becomes law, it would affect more than 300,000 child care workers in more than 40,000 child care centers across the state, according to Community Care Licensing Division of the California Department of Social Services (CDSS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While philosophical and religious exemptions to immunization have been discussed when amending other vaccination bills, Mendoza said, lawmakers drafting SB792 are only allowing for medical exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t seen any religion against [vaccination,]” Mendoza said. ”If people want to read into their religion in a certain way to make it seem like they're against this as a religious right, I'm not sure how they do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1117\" target=\"_blank\">AB1117,\u003c/a> aims to promote vaccination of 2-year-olds who are insured under Medi-Cal managed care plans. In 2013, 39,000 2-year-olds lacked one or more recommended immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill proposes a five-year demonstration project to be reviewed under a contract with the University of California and other researchers. AB1117 is currently on hold in the Assembly suspense file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB792 was scheduled to be heard by the Senate Appropriations Committee Monday, but since there are few costs associated with the bill, it is likely to bypass Appropriations and head to the Senate floor.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/28132/next-up-for-vaccines-required-for-californias-child-care-workers","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_28132"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11","stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_96","stateofhealth_725"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_27308","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_27292":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_27292","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"27292","score":null,"sort":[1431629189000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out","title":"California Senate Approves Bill That Would End Vaccine Opt-Out","publishDate":1431629189,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>The state Senate has passed a bill that would require virtually all California schoolchildren to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/sen/sb_0251-0300/sb_277_bill_20150219_introduced.html\" target=\"_blank\">SB277\u003c/a> would end the \"personal belief exemption\" that allows parents to opt out of vaccines on behalf of their children and send their kids to school with some vaccinations or none at all. The Senate voted 25-10, mostly on partisan lines, after a long debate Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill's co-author, Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento), introduced the bill in the wake of a measles outbreak earlier this year that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">started at Disneyland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While statewide vaccination rates are high -- over 90 percent -- some communities have high rates of children with a personal belief exemption on file with their school districts. In some schools, the rate of personal belief exemptions can be \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/look-up-the-vaccine-opt-out-rate-at-your-childs-school/\" target=\"_blank\">50 percent or much higher\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have pockets of low vaccination,\" Pan said, \"we need to do more to protect our communities. ... This is a matter of public safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several sets of amendments to the bill -- including a religious exemption and a requirement to disclose vaccine ingredients -- were introduced and then tabled after votes by the full Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Getting a religious exemption is not unreasonable,\" said Sen. Joel Anderson, R-San Diego. \"Don't get caught up with zeal. ... You can gain more with honey than you can with vinegar.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pan said that he had not received any letters from mainstream religious organizations opposing the bill. He and SB277 co-author Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica) have \"had our own conversations with religious leaders, including the Catholic Church, and they do not oppose vaccination or this bill,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A religious exemption could become an issue with Gov. Jerry Brown, who \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/11/11/how-californias-law-to-encourage-vaccination-could-backfire/\" target=\"_blank\">added a religious exemption in 2012 \u003c/a>when he signed into law another Pan vaccine bill -- AB2109, which required those wanting a personal belief exemption to first meet with a health care provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan said he was open to talking with the governor about a religious exemption, but said he had not heard from Brown's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Pan's bill becomes law, California would become only the third state without both a religious and personal exemption to vaccines. It would mean that children not fully vaccinated against 10 specified diseases could only be home-schooled. The bill applies to all students in public, private and parochial schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons would be able to obtain an exemption. This includes children being treated for cancer or those with a compromised immune system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill heads next to the Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The bill would require virtually all California schoolchildren to be vaccinated against 10 diseases. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1433371765,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":428},"headData":{"title":"California Senate Approves Bill That Would End Vaccine Opt-Out | KQED","description":"The bill would require virtually all California schoolchildren to be vaccinated against 10 diseases. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Senate Approves Bill That Would End Vaccine Opt-Out","datePublished":"2015-05-14T18:46:29.000Z","dateModified":"2015-06-03T22:49:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"27292 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=27292","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/14/california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out/","disqusTitle":"California Senate Approves Bill That Would End Vaccine Opt-Out","path":"/stateofhealth/27292/california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The state Senate has passed a bill that would require virtually all California schoolchildren to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/sen/sb_0251-0300/sb_277_bill_20150219_introduced.html\" target=\"_blank\">SB277\u003c/a> would end the \"personal belief exemption\" that allows parents to opt out of vaccines on behalf of their children and send their kids to school with some vaccinations or none at all. The Senate voted 25-10, mostly on partisan lines, after a long debate Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill's co-author, Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento), introduced the bill in the wake of a measles outbreak earlier this year that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">started at Disneyland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While statewide vaccination rates are high -- over 90 percent -- some communities have high rates of children with a personal belief exemption on file with their school districts. In some schools, the rate of personal belief exemptions can be \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/look-up-the-vaccine-opt-out-rate-at-your-childs-school/\" target=\"_blank\">50 percent or much higher\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have pockets of low vaccination,\" Pan said, \"we need to do more to protect our communities. ... This is a matter of public safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several sets of amendments to the bill -- including a religious exemption and a requirement to disclose vaccine ingredients -- were introduced and then tabled after votes by the full Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Getting a religious exemption is not unreasonable,\" said Sen. Joel Anderson, R-San Diego. \"Don't get caught up with zeal. ... You can gain more with honey than you can with vinegar.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pan said that he had not received any letters from mainstream religious organizations opposing the bill. He and SB277 co-author Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica) have \"had our own conversations with religious leaders, including the Catholic Church, and they do not oppose vaccination or this bill,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A religious exemption could become an issue with Gov. Jerry Brown, who \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/11/11/how-californias-law-to-encourage-vaccination-could-backfire/\" target=\"_blank\">added a religious exemption in 2012 \u003c/a>when he signed into law another Pan vaccine bill -- AB2109, which required those wanting a personal belief exemption to first meet with a health care provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan said he was open to talking with the governor about a religious exemption, but said he had not heard from Brown's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Pan's bill becomes law, California would become only the third state without both a religious and personal exemption to vaccines. It would mean that children not fully vaccinated against 10 specified diseases could only be home-schooled. The bill applies to all students in public, private and parochial schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons would be able to obtain an exemption. This includes children being treated for cancer or those with a compromised immune system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill heads next to the Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/27292/california-senate-approves-bill-that-would-end-vaccine-opt-out","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11","stateofhealth_14"],"tags":["stateofhealth_618","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725","stateofhealth_31"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_27368","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_25721":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_25721","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"25721","score":null,"sort":[1431447553000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"measles-can-suppress-immunity-up-to-3-years-increasing-risk-of-other-illnesses","title":"Study: Measles - the Disease - Can Suppress Immunity Up to 3 Years; Highlights Even Greater Benefits of Vaccine","publishDate":1431447553,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, the U.S. started vaccinating kids for measles. As expected, children stopped getting measles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But something else happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Childhood deaths from all infectious diseases plummeted. Even deaths from diseases like pneumonia and diarrhea were cut by half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists saw the same phenomenon when the vaccine came to England and parts of Europe. And they see it today when developing countries introduce the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In some developing countries, where infectious diseases are very high, the reduction in mortality has been up to 80 percent,\" says Michael Mina, a postdoc in biology at Princeton University and a medical student at Emory University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it's really been a mystery,\" he says. \"Why do children stop dying at such high rates from all these different infections following introduction of the measles vaccine?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mina and his colleagues think they now might have an explanation. And they \u003ca title=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6235/694.abstract\" href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6235/694.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">published their evidence \u003c/a>recently in the journal Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's an obvious answer to the mystery: Children who get the measles vaccine are probably more likely to get better health care in general — maybe more antibiotics and other vaccines. And it's true that health care in the U.S. has improved since the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mina and his colleagues have found there's more going on than that simple answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team obtained epidemiological data from the U.S., Denmark, Wales and England dating back to the 1940s. Using computer models, they found that the number of measles cases in these countries predicted the number of deaths from other infections two to three years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found measles predisposes children to all other infectious diseases for up to a few years,\" Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the virus seems to do it in a sneaky way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many viruses, measles is known to suppress the immune system for a few weeks after an infection. But previous studies in monkeys have suggested that measles takes this suppression to a whole new level: It erases immune protection to other diseases, Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does that mean? Well, say you get the chicken pox when you're 4 years old. Your immune system figures out how to fight it. So you don't get it again. But if you get measles when you're 5 years old, it could wipe out the memory of how to beat back the chicken pox. It's like the immune system has amnesia, Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The immune system kind of comes back. The only problem is that it has forgotten what it once knew,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after an infection, a child's immune system has to almost start over, rebuilding its immune protection against diseases it has already seen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This idea of \"immune amnesia\" is still just a hypothesis and needs more testing, says epidemiologist William Moss, who has studied the measles vaccine for more than a decade at Johns Hopkins University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new study, he says, provides \"compelling evidence\" that measles affects the immune system for two to three years. That's much longer than previously thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hence the reduction in overall child mortality that follows measles vaccination is much greater than previously believed,\" says Moss, who wasn't involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That finding should give parents more motivation to vaccinate their kids, he says. \"I think this paper will provide additional evidence — if it's needed — of the public health benefits of measles vaccine,\" Moss says. \"That's an important message in the U.S. right now and in countries continuing to see measles outbreaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because if the world can eliminate measles, it will help protect kids from many other infections, too.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When the U.S. introduced the measles vaccine, childhood deaths from all infections plummeted. Scientists think they know why.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1431537096,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":613},"headData":{"title":"Study: Measles - the Disease - Can Suppress Immunity Up to 3 Years; Highlights Even Greater Benefits of Vaccine | KQED","description":"When the U.S. introduced the measles vaccine, childhood deaths from all infections plummeted. Scientists think they know why.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Study: Measles - the Disease - Can Suppress Immunity Up to 3 Years; Highlights Even Greater Benefits of Vaccine","datePublished":"2015-05-12T16:19:13.000Z","dateModified":"2015-05-13T17:11:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25721 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=25721","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/12/measles-can-suppress-immunity-up-to-3-years-increasing-risk-of-other-illnesses/","disqusTitle":"Study: Measles - the Disease - Can Suppress Immunity Up to 3 Years; Highlights Even Greater Benefits of Vaccine","nprByline":"Michaeleen Doucleff, NPR","path":"/stateofhealth/25721/measles-can-suppress-immunity-up-to-3-years-increasing-risk-of-other-illnesses","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, the U.S. started vaccinating kids for measles. As expected, children stopped getting measles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But something else happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Childhood deaths from all infectious diseases plummeted. Even deaths from diseases like pneumonia and diarrhea were cut by half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists saw the same phenomenon when the vaccine came to England and parts of Europe. And they see it today when developing countries introduce the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In some developing countries, where infectious diseases are very high, the reduction in mortality has been up to 80 percent,\" says Michael Mina, a postdoc in biology at Princeton University and a medical student at Emory University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it's really been a mystery,\" he says. \"Why do children stop dying at such high rates from all these different infections following introduction of the measles vaccine?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mina and his colleagues think they now might have an explanation. And they \u003ca title=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6235/694.abstract\" href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6235/694.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">published their evidence \u003c/a>recently in the journal Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's an obvious answer to the mystery: Children who get the measles vaccine are probably more likely to get better health care in general — maybe more antibiotics and other vaccines. And it's true that health care in the U.S. has improved since the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mina and his colleagues have found there's more going on than that simple answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team obtained epidemiological data from the U.S., Denmark, Wales and England dating back to the 1940s. Using computer models, they found that the number of measles cases in these countries predicted the number of deaths from other infections two to three years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found measles predisposes children to all other infectious diseases for up to a few years,\" Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the virus seems to do it in a sneaky way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many viruses, measles is known to suppress the immune system for a few weeks after an infection. But previous studies in monkeys have suggested that measles takes this suppression to a whole new level: It erases immune protection to other diseases, Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does that mean? Well, say you get the chicken pox when you're 4 years old. Your immune system figures out how to fight it. So you don't get it again. But if you get measles when you're 5 years old, it could wipe out the memory of how to beat back the chicken pox. It's like the immune system has amnesia, Mina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The immune system kind of comes back. The only problem is that it has forgotten what it once knew,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after an infection, a child's immune system has to almost start over, rebuilding its immune protection against diseases it has already seen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This idea of \"immune amnesia\" is still just a hypothesis and needs more testing, says epidemiologist William Moss, who has studied the measles vaccine for more than a decade at Johns Hopkins University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new study, he says, provides \"compelling evidence\" that measles affects the immune system for two to three years. That's much longer than previously thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hence the reduction in overall child mortality that follows measles vaccination is much greater than previously believed,\" says Moss, who wasn't involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That finding should give parents more motivation to vaccinate their kids, he says. \"I think this paper will provide additional evidence — if it's needed — of the public health benefits of measles vaccine,\" Moss says. \"That's an important message in the U.S. right now and in countries continuing to see measles outbreaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because if the world can eliminate measles, it will help protect kids from many other infections, too.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/25721/measles-can-suppress-immunity-up-to-3-years-increasing-risk-of-other-illnesses","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_25721"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11"],"tags":["stateofhealth_726","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_26567","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_25251":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_25251","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"25251","score":null,"sort":[1430780475000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whooping-cough-vaccine-effectives-fades-and-fast","title":"Whooping Cough Vaccine Effectiveness Fades -- and Fast","publishDate":1430780475,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Lately, Californians have been focused on a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" target=\"_blank\">significant measles outbreak\u003c/a> that just ended. But in the last five years, state health officials have declared an epidemic of whooping cough (also known as pertussis) twice -- in 2010 and in 2014, when \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis%20report%204-20-2015.pdf\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis%20report%204-20-2015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">11,000 people were sickened\u003c/a> and three infants died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an analysis from a recent whooping cough epidemic in Washington state shows that the effectiveness of the Tdap vaccine used to fight whooping cough waned significantly. For adolescents who received all their shots, effectiveness within one year of the final booster was 73 percent. That rate plummeted to 34 percent within two to four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(T)his waning is likely contributing to the increase in pertussis among adolescents,\" the authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tdap protects against three diseases: tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. The pertussis protection is from the acellular pertussis vaccine. It was introduced in 1997 to replace the whole-cell vaccine, which caused more side effects. Monday's report\u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/03/todays-whooping-cough-vaccine-may-be-safer-but-less-effective-than-the-old-one/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/03/todays-whooping-cough-vaccine-may-be-safer-but-less-effective-than-the-old-one/\" target=\"_blank\"> confirms an earlier analysis\u003c/a> that the acellular pertussis may be safer, but less effective, than the old one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-3358d.abstract\" href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-3358d.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">The study\u003c/a> was published Monday in the journal Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The take-home message is that the waning is there,\" said Dr. Art Reingold, a UC Berkeley professor of public health. \"You're protected initially but it wanes over time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't mean anyone should skip the vaccine. Someone who is vaccinated, but becomes sick with whooping cough, should have a less severe course of illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors said that new vaccines are \"likely needed to reduce the burden of pertussis disease.\" But Reingold, who leads the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) group on pertussis, said he doesn't know of any pertussis vaccine development in the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said that adding another dose of the vaccine at a later age would not help much, based on research that was presented to the ACIP group. \"(An additional dose) would have very little impact on pertussis,\" he said, \"in terms of cases prevented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most severe cases are in very young infants, Reingold said. Babies cannot be vaccinated \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/vaccinate-baby.html\" href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/vaccinate-baby.html\" target=\"_blank\">until they are 2 months old\u003c/a>. To protect newborns before they can be vaccinated, the CDC recommends that women be vaccinated \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" target=\"_blank\">during the last trimester of every pregnancy\u003c/a> -- even if they received a vaccine before they became pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Babies will be born with circulating antibodies,\" Reingold said, \"and there's pretty good evidence that that will reduce the risk of hospitalization and death in babies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca title=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-4118.full.pdf+html\" href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-4118.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\">accompanying commentary\u003c/a>, Dr. James Cherry at UCLA said the findings about Tdap effectiveness were \"disappointing,\" but he also pointed to other drivers of recent pertussis outbreaks, including increased awareness and better, more sensitive, testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previous reports have shown that \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">vaccine refusal\u003c/a> played a role in the 2010 whooping cough epidemic in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reingold also drew an interesting distinction between measles and pertussis having to do with herd immunity. If a great enough percentage of the population is immunized against measles, both individuals and the broader community are protected against outbreak. That's because the measles vaccine protects people against the virus that actually causes the measles illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in pertussis, the disease is caused by toxins that are released by bacteria. The pertussis vaccine protects people against those toxins, but may not prevent you from spreading the bacteria to others -- and causing illness in them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak of measles earlier this year was likely caused by someone who brought the disease back from abroad. Measles was eliminated in the United States in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Pertussis is not going to go away with the current vaccine,\" Reingold said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"By two to four years after vaccination, vaccine effectiveness was only 34 percent, a new analysis finds.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1447183565,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":609},"headData":{"title":"Whooping Cough Vaccine Effectiveness Fades -- and Fast | KQED","description":"By two to four years after vaccination, vaccine effectiveness was only 34 percent, a new analysis finds.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Whooping Cough Vaccine Effectiveness Fades -- and Fast","datePublished":"2015-05-04T23:01:15.000Z","dateModified":"2015-11-10T19:26:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25251 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=25251","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/05/04/whooping-cough-vaccine-effectives-fades-and-fast/","disqusTitle":"Whooping Cough Vaccine Effectiveness Fades -- and Fast","path":"/stateofhealth/25251/whooping-cough-vaccine-effectives-fades-and-fast","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lately, Californians have been focused on a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" target=\"_blank\">significant measles outbreak\u003c/a> that just ended. But in the last five years, state health officials have declared an epidemic of whooping cough (also known as pertussis) twice -- in 2010 and in 2014, when \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis%20report%204-20-2015.pdf\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis%20report%204-20-2015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">11,000 people were sickened\u003c/a> and three infants died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an analysis from a recent whooping cough epidemic in Washington state shows that the effectiveness of the Tdap vaccine used to fight whooping cough waned significantly. For adolescents who received all their shots, effectiveness within one year of the final booster was 73 percent. That rate plummeted to 34 percent within two to four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(T)his waning is likely contributing to the increase in pertussis among adolescents,\" the authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tdap protects against three diseases: tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. The pertussis protection is from the acellular pertussis vaccine. It was introduced in 1997 to replace the whole-cell vaccine, which caused more side effects. Monday's report\u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/03/todays-whooping-cough-vaccine-may-be-safer-but-less-effective-than-the-old-one/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/03/todays-whooping-cough-vaccine-may-be-safer-but-less-effective-than-the-old-one/\" target=\"_blank\"> confirms an earlier analysis\u003c/a> that the acellular pertussis may be safer, but less effective, than the old one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-3358d.abstract\" href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-3358d.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">The study\u003c/a> was published Monday in the journal Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The take-home message is that the waning is there,\" said Dr. Art Reingold, a UC Berkeley professor of public health. \"You're protected initially but it wanes over time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't mean anyone should skip the vaccine. Someone who is vaccinated, but becomes sick with whooping cough, should have a less severe course of illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors said that new vaccines are \"likely needed to reduce the burden of pertussis disease.\" But Reingold, who leads the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) group on pertussis, said he doesn't know of any pertussis vaccine development in the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said that adding another dose of the vaccine at a later age would not help much, based on research that was presented to the ACIP group. \"(An additional dose) would have very little impact on pertussis,\" he said, \"in terms of cases prevented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most severe cases are in very young infants, Reingold said. Babies cannot be vaccinated \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/vaccinate-baby.html\" href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/vaccinate-baby.html\" target=\"_blank\">until they are 2 months old\u003c/a>. To protect newborns before they can be vaccinated, the CDC recommends that women be vaccinated \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/get-vaccinated.html\" target=\"_blank\">during the last trimester of every pregnancy\u003c/a> -- even if they received a vaccine before they became pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Babies will be born with circulating antibodies,\" Reingold said, \"and there's pretty good evidence that that will reduce the risk of hospitalization and death in babies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca title=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-4118.full.pdf+html\" href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2015/04/28/peds.2014-4118.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\">accompanying commentary\u003c/a>, Dr. James Cherry at UCLA said the findings about Tdap effectiveness were \"disappointing,\" but he also pointed to other drivers of recent pertussis outbreaks, including increased awareness and better, more sensitive, testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previous reports have shown that \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">vaccine refusal\u003c/a> played a role in the 2010 whooping cough epidemic in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reingold also drew an interesting distinction between measles and pertussis having to do with herd immunity. If a great enough percentage of the population is immunized against measles, both individuals and the broader community are protected against outbreak. That's because the measles vaccine protects people against the virus that actually causes the measles illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in pertussis, the disease is caused by toxins that are released by bacteria. The pertussis vaccine protects people against those toxins, but may not prevent you from spreading the bacteria to others -- and causing illness in them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak of measles earlier this year was likely caused by someone who brought the disease back from abroad. Measles was eliminated in the United States in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Pertussis is not going to go away with the current vaccine,\" Reingold said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/25251/whooping-cough-vaccine-effectives-fades-and-fast","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11","stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_715","stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725","stateofhealth_152"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_25266","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_25040":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_25040","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"25040","score":null,"sort":[1429741814000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-vaccine-bill-approved-in-key-hearing","title":"California Vaccine Bill Approved in Key Hearing","publishDate":1429741814,"format":"aside","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/RS1369_IMG_1902-e1429575505514.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-25005\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/RS1369_IMG_1902-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"(Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Craig Miller/KQED) \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A controversial bill that would require vaccination for nearly all California children to attend school -- both public and private -- cleared the Senate Education Committee on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">The bill \"has a long way to go.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The committee voted 7-2 on the bill, co-authored by Sens. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) and Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica). Both Democrats and Republicans supported the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a strong sign that people want to be sure that we protect our kids, protect our schools and protect our communities from these preventable diseases,\" Pan said of Wednesday's vote.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the bill's second hearing in a week by the committee. Last Wednesday, hundreds of people voiced their opposition to the bill, and it looked like the committee would kill it. Instead, \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/15/vaccine-exemption-bill-stalls-in-sacramento-vote-next-week/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/15/vaccine-exemption-bill-stalls-in-sacramento-vote-next-week/\" target=\"_blank\">Pan and Allen asked to hold the bill\u003c/a> and crafted amendments letting families that opt out of vaccines homeschool their children together and allowing students seek independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the committee backed the bill's advance, chairwoman Sen. Carol Liu (D-Glendale) noted the bill \"still has a long way to go\" and hinted that she wasn't completely swayed that the proposed amendments are sufficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In terms of public health, it's necessary,\" she said in reference to the bill, \"but I am concerned about the rights of our parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents vowed to continue their fight. The bill now heads to the Senate Judiciary Committee for a hearing next week as part of a long legislative process. \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinatecalifornia.org/endorsements2\" href=\"http://www.vaccinatecalifornia.org/endorsements2\" target=\"_blank\">A long list\u003c/a> of health groups and school districts back the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to show our strength, and we will continue to educate lawmakers and the public about why this is a bad bill,\" said Jean Keese, a spokeswoman for the California Coalition for Health Choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was among several drafted across the nation in the wake of a measles outbreak that started at Disneyland and sickened more than 100 people in the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would eliminate California's personal-belief and religious exemptions so unvaccinated children would not be able to attend public or private schools. Medical waivers would only be available for children who have health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The bill advances now to the Senate Judiciary Committee.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1429742121,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":380},"headData":{"title":"California Vaccine Bill Approved in Key Hearing | KQED","description":"The bill advances now to the Senate Judiciary Committee.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Vaccine Bill Approved in Key Hearing","datePublished":"2015-04-22T22:30:14.000Z","dateModified":"2015-04-22T22:35:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25040 http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=25040","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/22/california-vaccine-bill-approved-in-key-hearing/","disqusTitle":"California Vaccine Bill Approved in Key Hearing","path":"/stateofhealth/25040/california-vaccine-bill-approved-in-key-hearing","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/RS1369_IMG_1902-e1429575505514.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-25005\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/RS1369_IMG_1902-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"(Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Craig Miller/KQED) \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A controversial bill that would require vaccination for nearly all California children to attend school -- both public and private -- cleared the Senate Education Committee on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">The bill \"has a long way to go.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The committee voted 7-2 on the bill, co-authored by Sens. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) and Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica). Both Democrats and Republicans supported the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a strong sign that people want to be sure that we protect our kids, protect our schools and protect our communities from these preventable diseases,\" Pan said of Wednesday's vote.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the bill's second hearing in a week by the committee. Last Wednesday, hundreds of people voiced their opposition to the bill, and it looked like the committee would kill it. Instead, \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/15/vaccine-exemption-bill-stalls-in-sacramento-vote-next-week/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/15/vaccine-exemption-bill-stalls-in-sacramento-vote-next-week/\" target=\"_blank\">Pan and Allen asked to hold the bill\u003c/a> and crafted amendments letting families that opt out of vaccines homeschool their children together and allowing students seek independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the committee backed the bill's advance, chairwoman Sen. Carol Liu (D-Glendale) noted the bill \"still has a long way to go\" and hinted that she wasn't completely swayed that the proposed amendments are sufficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In terms of public health, it's necessary,\" she said in reference to the bill, \"but I am concerned about the rights of our parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents vowed to continue their fight. The bill now heads to the Senate Judiciary Committee for a hearing next week as part of a long legislative process. \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinatecalifornia.org/endorsements2\" href=\"http://www.vaccinatecalifornia.org/endorsements2\" target=\"_blank\">A long list\u003c/a> of health groups and school districts back the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to show our strength, and we will continue to educate lawmakers and the public about why this is a bad bill,\" said Jean Keese, a spokeswoman for the California Coalition for Health Choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was among several drafted across the nation in the wake of a measles outbreak that started at Disneyland and sickened more than 100 people in the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would eliminate California's personal-belief and religious exemptions so unvaccinated children would not be able to attend public or private schools. Medical waivers would only be available for children who have health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/25040/california-vaccine-bill-approved-in-key-hearing","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_14"],"tags":["stateofhealth_461","stateofhealth_725"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_25005","label":"stateofhealth"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. 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Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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