How an Ocean Exploration Video Game Out of Monterey Bay Contributes to Science
World's Largest Digital Camera Built in the Bay Area to Illuminate Mysteries of the Universe
Atmospheric Rivers in California’s Ancient Past Exceeded Modern Storms
California's Plans for Slowing Climate Change Through Nature-Based Solutions
What Is the 'Green Flash' at Sunset — and How Can You See It?
Bay Area Cities Push to Legally Validate Polyamorous Families
California’s New 1600-Acre State Park Set to Open This Summer
Same-Sex Couples Face Higher Climate Change Risks, New UCLA Study Shows
Homeowners Insurance Market Stretched Even Thinner as 2 More Companies Leave California
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Your mission as an ocean explorer is to collect as many species of ocean life as possible, identify them, and contribute to the field of science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the goal of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fathomverse.game/\">FathomVerse\u003c/a>, a new mobile game created by \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanvisionai.org/\">Ocean Vision AI\u003c/a> at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, or MBARI. The free game allows anyone with a phone or tablet to participate in ocean exploration and discovery. It was recently launched on the \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/fathomverse/id6469854247\">App Store\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.mbari.fathomverse&pcampaignid=web_share&pli=1\">Google Play\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to Animal Crossing and Sims, this \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozy_game\">cozy game\u003c/a> gives off a relaxing vibe. It takes a gamer deep into the tranquil realms of the blue ocean while ambient music plays in the background as they slowly gather ocean animals as part of a mission. Depending on your mood, you can set the game to play music inspired by ocean soundscape or listen to a hydrophone — a collection of real sounds of the ocean and marine animals like whales, compiled by MBARI’s underwater microphone off California’s coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The game offers the choice between 40 different animal missions. On each mission, gamers receive a briefing that teaches them how to identify different sea creatures through diagrams that point out important characteristics. The goal of the game is to correctly identify as many marine life as possible, and collect points along the way, while unlocking more complex groups of animal missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992562\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992562\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">FathomVerse is a new mobile game created by Ocean Vision AI at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, or MBARI.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By playing the game, you’re helping to improve AI models that researchers use to understand life in our ocean,” said Lilli Wakinekona Carlsen, engagement coordinator with Ocean Vision AI at MBARI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to advances in deep-sea imaging technology and remote-operated vehicles, researchers are able to collect massive amounts of visual data from the depths of our ocean — including photos and videos of marine life that’s all available on MBARI’s open-source image database, \u003ca href=\"https://fathomnet.org/fathomnet/#/\">FathomNet\u003c/a>. While AI can help researchers analyze this deluge of visual data more efficiently, we still need expert humans to ensure AI can correctly sort through and categorize underwater creatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need people in the loop to continuously verify and train the [AI] models. And right now, only a small number of experts can do that,” Carlsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To solve this problem, FathomVerse seeks to engage ocean enthusiasts around the world to help review and label images so AI can correctly recognize ocean animals. “We were inspired by community science apps like iNaturalist and eBird. And we set out to gamify this process of training and verifying so that more people can join in our effort to improve the AI that we use for ocean exploration,” Carlsen added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCHd54kkiRs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some inspiration for it came from another game: Pokémon Go. During the height of the pandemic, Kakani Katija saw a resurgence of the game, where players walk around and use their phones to capture Pokémon — imaginary creatures with special powers. She said that there’s a cultural phenomenon in this kind of game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are putting in this time and effort to look for animals that don’t even exist. We’ve created a generation of people who could tell you all the minutia around each Pokémon,” Katija said.\u003cbr>\n“I wanted to see the same excitement for ocean life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katija is MBARI’s principal engineer who led the development of FathomVerse. She said that there’s a large knowledge gap when it comes to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that animals have evolved over really long periods of time to do incredible things, to survive a really difficult and challenging place, there might be secrets there that we can unlock if we could adequately understand and observe them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To develop FathomVerse, Katija and MBARI software engineers collaborated with game design experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ranj.com/en/\">&ranj Serious Games\u003c/a> — a Netherlands-based game development studio focused on positive behavioral change through play — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.internetofelephants.com/\">Internet of Elephants\u003c/a>, a nature tech enterprise based in Kenya focused on rekindling relationships between people and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game is an opportunity to accelerate our capabilities of observing life in the ocean while also sharing the excitement and the wonder of the animals that we see with a much broader audience,” Katija said. It’s also an opportunity to lean on AI research and “present the use of AI in a really good light.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute's FathomVerse brings you into an underwater world where you are an ocean explorer with a mission to save science. But the game is more than that: it’s helping train an AI model that could help scientists answer key questions about our oceans. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714680036,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":806},"headData":{"title":"How an Ocean Exploration Video Game Out of Monterey Bay Contributes to Science | KQED","description":"Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute's FathomVerse brings you into an underwater world where you are an ocean explorer with a mission to save science. But the game is more than that: it’s helping train an AI model that could help scientists answer key questions about our oceans. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How an Ocean Exploration Video Game Out of Monterey Bay Contributes to Science","datePublished":"2024-05-03T11:00:34.000Z","dateModified":"2024-05-02T20:00:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992558/how-an-ocean-exploration-video-game-out-of-monterey-bay-contributes-to-science","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As you drift along the currents in our underwater ocean world, you’ll find jellies, sea spiders, starfish, anemones, octopuses, isopods, and so many other species of marine life. Your mission as an ocean explorer is to collect as many species of ocean life as possible, identify them, and contribute to the field of science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the goal of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fathomverse.game/\">FathomVerse\u003c/a>, a new mobile game created by \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanvisionai.org/\">Ocean Vision AI\u003c/a> at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, or MBARI. The free game allows anyone with a phone or tablet to participate in ocean exploration and discovery. It was recently launched on the \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/fathomverse/id6469854247\">App Store\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.mbari.fathomverse&pcampaignid=web_share&pli=1\">Google Play\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to Animal Crossing and Sims, this \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozy_game\">cozy game\u003c/a> gives off a relaxing vibe. It takes a gamer deep into the tranquil realms of the blue ocean while ambient music plays in the background as they slowly gather ocean animals as part of a mission. Depending on your mood, you can set the game to play music inspired by ocean soundscape or listen to a hydrophone — a collection of real sounds of the ocean and marine animals like whales, compiled by MBARI’s underwater microphone off California’s coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The game offers the choice between 40 different animal missions. On each mission, gamers receive a briefing that teaches them how to identify different sea creatures through diagrams that point out important characteristics. The goal of the game is to correctly identify as many marine life as possible, and collect points along the way, while unlocking more complex groups of animal missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992562\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992562\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/MBARI_FathomVerse_player_commuting_02_horizontal-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">FathomVerse is a new mobile game created by Ocean Vision AI at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, or MBARI.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By playing the game, you’re helping to improve AI models that researchers use to understand life in our ocean,” said Lilli Wakinekona Carlsen, engagement coordinator with Ocean Vision AI at MBARI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to advances in deep-sea imaging technology and remote-operated vehicles, researchers are able to collect massive amounts of visual data from the depths of our ocean — including photos and videos of marine life that’s all available on MBARI’s open-source image database, \u003ca href=\"https://fathomnet.org/fathomnet/#/\">FathomNet\u003c/a>. While AI can help researchers analyze this deluge of visual data more efficiently, we still need expert humans to ensure AI can correctly sort through and categorize underwater creatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need people in the loop to continuously verify and train the [AI] models. And right now, only a small number of experts can do that,” Carlsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To solve this problem, FathomVerse seeks to engage ocean enthusiasts around the world to help review and label images so AI can correctly recognize ocean animals. “We were inspired by community science apps like iNaturalist and eBird. And we set out to gamify this process of training and verifying so that more people can join in our effort to improve the AI that we use for ocean exploration,” Carlsen added.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/KCHd54kkiRs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/KCHd54kkiRs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Some inspiration for it came from another game: Pokémon Go. During the height of the pandemic, Kakani Katija saw a resurgence of the game, where players walk around and use their phones to capture Pokémon — imaginary creatures with special powers. She said that there’s a cultural phenomenon in this kind of game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are putting in this time and effort to look for animals that don’t even exist. We’ve created a generation of people who could tell you all the minutia around each Pokémon,” Katija said.\u003cbr>\n“I wanted to see the same excitement for ocean life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katija is MBARI’s principal engineer who led the development of FathomVerse. She said that there’s a large knowledge gap when it comes to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that animals have evolved over really long periods of time to do incredible things, to survive a really difficult and challenging place, there might be secrets there that we can unlock if we could adequately understand and observe them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To develop FathomVerse, Katija and MBARI software engineers collaborated with game design experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ranj.com/en/\">&ranj Serious Games\u003c/a> — a Netherlands-based game development studio focused on positive behavioral change through play — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.internetofelephants.com/\">Internet of Elephants\u003c/a>, a nature tech enterprise based in Kenya focused on rekindling relationships between people and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game is an opportunity to accelerate our capabilities of observing life in the ocean while also sharing the excitement and the wonder of the animals that we see with a much broader audience,” Katija said. It’s also an opportunity to lean on AI research and “present the use of AI in a really good light.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992558/how-an-ocean-exploration-video-game-out-of-monterey-bay-contributes-to-science","authors":["11631"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_1120","science_843"],"featImg":"science_1992564","label":"science"},"science_1992526":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992526","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992526","score":null,"sort":[1714647628000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"worlds-largest-digital-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-to-illuminate-mysteries-of-space","title":"World's Largest Digital Camera Built in the Bay Area to Illuminate Mysteries of the Universe","publishDate":1714647628,"format":"standard","headTitle":"World’s Largest Digital Camera Built in the Bay Area to Illuminate Mysteries of the Universe | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Engineers and scientists completed building a camera the size of a family mini-van, capable of capturing large swaths of the night sky in exquisite detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera, assembled at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, is now on the cusp of doing what scientists and engineers have spent 20 years dreaming, designing, building and testing it to do: take a 10-year-long movie of the night sky from its perch atop a mountain in the Chilean Andes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the camera will be shipped to its final home, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile, named for an American astronomer and paired with a custom-built telescope designed to go with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other survey of this caliber has been completed since the 1950s when the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey photographed the entire Southern Hemisphere. The survey will generate a vast trove of images, allowing astronomers to study dark matter, a mysterious type of mass that does not interact with light or any known particle. It will also explore dark energy, an even more mysterious force that seems to be accelerating the expansion of the universe — and a lot more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992530\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992530\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sensor for the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, or LSST, camera at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energy, in Menlo Park on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“To know that this stuff — is it even a stuff? We don’t know — it makes up 70% of the universe,” said Aaron Roodman, a professor of particle physics and astrophysics at SLAC, who also led the effort of putting the camera together and testing it. “It’s just a fantastic mystery that we’ll be able to study that in multiple different ways using data from Rubin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera will capture 3,200 megapixels per shot; its images are so detailed that it can see a golf ball from about 15 miles away. The survey should observe an estimated 20 billion galaxies — a significant fraction of the galaxies in the observable universe — providing incremental results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can study how galaxies evolve. Many of those galaxies change in brightness. We’ll be able to detect that because we’ll observe them so many times,” almost a thousand times throughout the survey, said Roodman, who specializes in studying dark energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our galaxy and its billions of stars will also be captured, enabling studies of how the Milky Way was formed and of dark matter — one of the other big mysteries in science today — that makes up 25% of it and everything else in the universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t know what it is either,” Roodman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asteroids, comets and supernovae — will all be captured by the massive camera and its telescope. Will exoplanets also be studied?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I won’t be surprised at all if clever people figure out ways to use the data from the Rubin Observatory to hunt for exoplanets,” Roodman said, adding that one of the nice things about the project is the data has no proprietary period — that is, no period where a certain group of scientists will hold onto it — mining it for discoveries before sharing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have that. The data becomes public, available to the whole U.S. science community and select international partners right away,” Roodman said. “I definitely expect clever people to find ways to use it that I can’t tell you today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the data will also be publicly available, allowing citizen scientists and night sky aficionados to enjoy its pictures. Some of the scientists who worked on the camera itself are excited about that aspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s really neat,” said Andrew Rasmussen, a research scientist at SLAC and one of the camera’s instrument scientists. “I have a young daughter who I hope to get online looking at pictures from the camera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Parking Maseratis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Putting the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera together was an unprecedented challenge, Roodman said, because no other piece of equipment like it has been built before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really pushed the edge of what’s possible to get the most performance possible out of the camera,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992538\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Legacy Survey of Space and Time, or LSST, camera at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energy, in Menlo Park on Jan. 29, 2024. The camera is the world’s largest digital camera and will be transported to the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in the mountains of Chile, where it will be for a decade mapping the southern sky. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the most difficult aspects was the installation of the camera’s sensors. The work, Roodman said, was like parking a Maserati in between two other Maseratis, with less than an inch to spare on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the camera are 201 individual image sensors, each a 16-megapixel device, 4 centimeters by 4 centimeters, and they could only be held by the back for fear of ruining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the sensors were pretty big. And we kept the gaps between them to half a millimeter. And that turned out to be actually very difficult mechanically to put together, to assemble,” Roodman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took hours in a clean room for just one of the 25 total rafts to be carefully placed inside the body of the camera. Each raft was a million-dollar tower of electronics topped by an array of sensors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the work, the team constructed a robotic arm to assist with the placement of the sensors, but the robot was not precise enough to place them on its own. One person would monitor the location of the individual rafts in the X, Y and Z plane and would call out to the arm operator, “500 microns minus X” or “250 microns minus Y!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenge, the LSST — the world’s biggest digital camera, verified by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/728927-largest-digital-camera#:~:text=The%20LSST%20camera%20combines%20a,ball%20from%2024%20km%20away\">Guinness Book of World Records\u003c/a> — was completed in April. (They called it the “highest-resolution” camera.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Preparing for primetime\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The camera will live at an observatory named after Vera Rubin. Her work in the mid-60s provided convincing evidence for the existence of dark matter. Before her, dark matter had been a concept, but not one that was taken seriously.[aside postID=science_1984704 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/10/231016-AMES-RESEARCH-CENTER-NASA-1020x680.jpg']Rubin, despite her success, encountered barriers as a woman working in science and sought to help other women enter the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, officials at the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/about/vera-rubin\">Rubin Observatory\u003c/a> say they seek to continue that spirit and welcome all into the field of science, including people of color, nonbinary people, people with disabilities and those from differing socioeconomic backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/events/rubin-pcw-2024\">Rubin research program\u003c/a> is ramping up, with meetings and workshops this spring and summer about how to use data from the observatory, including how to teach astronomy using Rubin images and new tools for analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the exciting things about the Rubin Observatory is that the science program is so very broad,” Roodman said. “And it’s broad because we’re taking pictures of everything. The way a lot of telescopes work is, people write proposals and they are interested in looking at a particular object or at a particular kind of object. We’re not doing that. We are going to take pictures of everything, by the end we’ll have seen every part of the Southern Hemisphere sky almost a thousand times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first images are expected to land in the spring of 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The 20-year project was completed by scientists and engineers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park. It will study everything from dark matter to dark energy atop a mountain in the Chilean Andes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714677695,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1337},"headData":{"title":"World's Largest Digital Camera Built in the Bay Area to Illuminate Mysteries of the Universe | KQED","description":"The 20-year project was completed by scientists and engineers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park. It will study everything from dark matter to dark energy atop a mountain in the Chilean Andes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"World's Largest Digital Camera Built in the Bay Area to Illuminate Mysteries of the Universe","datePublished":"2024-05-02T11:00:28.000Z","dateModified":"2024-05-02T19:21:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-1992526","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992526/worlds-largest-digital-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-to-illuminate-mysteries-of-space","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Engineers and scientists completed building a camera the size of a family mini-van, capable of capturing large swaths of the night sky in exquisite detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera, assembled at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, is now on the cusp of doing what scientists and engineers have spent 20 years dreaming, designing, building and testing it to do: take a 10-year-long movie of the night sky from its perch atop a mountain in the Chilean Andes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the camera will be shipped to its final home, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile, named for an American astronomer and paired with a custom-built telescope designed to go with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other survey of this caliber has been completed since the 1950s when the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey photographed the entire Southern Hemisphere. The survey will generate a vast trove of images, allowing astronomers to study dark matter, a mysterious type of mass that does not interact with light or any known particle. It will also explore dark energy, an even more mysterious force that seems to be accelerating the expansion of the universe — and a lot more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992530\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992530\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-63-BL_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sensor for the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, or LSST, camera at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energy, in Menlo Park on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“To know that this stuff — is it even a stuff? We don’t know — it makes up 70% of the universe,” said Aaron Roodman, a professor of particle physics and astrophysics at SLAC, who also led the effort of putting the camera together and testing it. “It’s just a fantastic mystery that we’ll be able to study that in multiple different ways using data from Rubin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera will capture 3,200 megapixels per shot; its images are so detailed that it can see a golf ball from about 15 miles away. The survey should observe an estimated 20 billion galaxies — a significant fraction of the galaxies in the observable universe — providing incremental results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can study how galaxies evolve. Many of those galaxies change in brightness. We’ll be able to detect that because we’ll observe them so many times,” almost a thousand times throughout the survey, said Roodman, who specializes in studying dark energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our galaxy and its billions of stars will also be captured, enabling studies of how the Milky Way was formed and of dark matter — one of the other big mysteries in science today — that makes up 25% of it and everything else in the universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t know what it is either,” Roodman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asteroids, comets and supernovae — will all be captured by the massive camera and its telescope. Will exoplanets also be studied?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I won’t be surprised at all if clever people figure out ways to use the data from the Rubin Observatory to hunt for exoplanets,” Roodman said, adding that one of the nice things about the project is the data has no proprietary period — that is, no period where a certain group of scientists will hold onto it — mining it for discoveries before sharing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have that. The data becomes public, available to the whole U.S. science community and select international partners right away,” Roodman said. “I definitely expect clever people to find ways to use it that I can’t tell you today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the data will also be publicly available, allowing citizen scientists and night sky aficionados to enjoy its pictures. Some of the scientists who worked on the camera itself are excited about that aspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s really neat,” said Andrew Rasmussen, a research scientist at SLAC and one of the camera’s instrument scientists. “I have a young daughter who I hope to get online looking at pictures from the camera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Parking Maseratis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Putting the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera together was an unprecedented challenge, Roodman said, because no other piece of equipment like it has been built before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really pushed the edge of what’s possible to get the most performance possible out of the camera,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992538\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240129-SLAC-56-BL_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Legacy Survey of Space and Time, or LSST, camera at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energy, in Menlo Park on Jan. 29, 2024. The camera is the world’s largest digital camera and will be transported to the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in the mountains of Chile, where it will be for a decade mapping the southern sky. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the most difficult aspects was the installation of the camera’s sensors. The work, Roodman said, was like parking a Maserati in between two other Maseratis, with less than an inch to spare on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the camera are 201 individual image sensors, each a 16-megapixel device, 4 centimeters by 4 centimeters, and they could only be held by the back for fear of ruining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the sensors were pretty big. And we kept the gaps between them to half a millimeter. And that turned out to be actually very difficult mechanically to put together, to assemble,” Roodman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took hours in a clean room for just one of the 25 total rafts to be carefully placed inside the body of the camera. Each raft was a million-dollar tower of electronics topped by an array of sensors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the work, the team constructed a robotic arm to assist with the placement of the sensors, but the robot was not precise enough to place them on its own. One person would monitor the location of the individual rafts in the X, Y and Z plane and would call out to the arm operator, “500 microns minus X” or “250 microns minus Y!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenge, the LSST — the world’s biggest digital camera, verified by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/728927-largest-digital-camera#:~:text=The%20LSST%20camera%20combines%20a,ball%20from%2024%20km%20away\">Guinness Book of World Records\u003c/a> — was completed in April. (They called it the “highest-resolution” camera.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Preparing for primetime\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The camera will live at an observatory named after Vera Rubin. Her work in the mid-60s provided convincing evidence for the existence of dark matter. Before her, dark matter had been a concept, but not one that was taken seriously.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1984704","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/10/231016-AMES-RESEARCH-CENTER-NASA-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Rubin, despite her success, encountered barriers as a woman working in science and sought to help other women enter the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, officials at the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/about/vera-rubin\">Rubin Observatory\u003c/a> say they seek to continue that spirit and welcome all into the field of science, including people of color, nonbinary people, people with disabilities and those from differing socioeconomic backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/events/rubin-pcw-2024\">Rubin research program\u003c/a> is ramping up, with meetings and workshops this spring and summer about how to use data from the observatory, including how to teach astronomy using Rubin images and new tools for analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the exciting things about the Rubin Observatory is that the science program is so very broad,” Roodman said. “And it’s broad because we’re taking pictures of everything. The way a lot of telescopes work is, people write proposals and they are interested in looking at a particular object or at a particular kind of object. We’re not doing that. We are going to take pictures of everything, by the end we’ll have seen every part of the Southern Hemisphere sky almost a thousand times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first images are expected to land in the spring of 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992526/worlds-largest-digital-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-to-illuminate-mysteries-of-space","authors":["11088"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_134","science_4417","science_4414","science_309","science_577","science_5187"],"featImg":"science_1992539","label":"science"},"science_1992513":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992513","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992513","score":null,"sort":[1714561229000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"atmospheric-rivers-in-californias-ancient-past-exceeded-modern-storms","title":"Atmospheric Rivers in California’s Ancient Past Exceeded Modern Storms","publishDate":1714561229,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Atmospheric Rivers in California’s Ancient Past Exceeded Modern Storms | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Clarke Knight studies just how far back in history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">massive atmospheric river storms\u003c/a> wreaked havoc on California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01357-z\">she reviewed her recent findings\u003c/a> on a computer at her then-home in Menlo Park, the power went out. The cause? An atmospheric river in February of last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of an ironic moment to be thwarted by the very thing I’m trying to understand,” said Knight, a USGS research geographer who studies paleoclimatology — the effects of weather on Earth in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By looking 3,200 years into the past, Knight extended atmospheric river knowledge significantly: twice in three millennia, atmospheric river activity exceeded anything in modern instrumental record keeping, deluging the state with widespread rainfall beyond what current Californians have ever experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 32 massive storms that drenched California last year pale in comparison to some of the storms in the state’s past. Climate scientists argue Knight’s data established a new baseline for understanding intensifying storms in today’s warming world because of human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Understanding what happened when we didn’t have this additional layer of climate change is important to consider as a baseline for what to expect,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Three women wearing puffy jackets hold a clear tube full of dark soil and brownish clear water above it.\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-1152x1536.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Geological Survey Scientists Clarke Knight, Lysanna Anderson, Marie Champagne hold an extracted sediment core. They later analyzed the cores to determine past atmospheric river activity.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knight and her colleagues extracted around 15-foot-deep sediment samples from the bottom of Leonard Lake, an almost entirely undisturbed lake in Mendocino County. Atmospheric rivers often hit the lake, causing sediment layers to settle on the lake floor, cementing things like titanium and silica into place. Using radiocarbon dating to determine the age of those organic materials, Knight compared that signal with current records. Once unearthed, the cores provided a more precise long-term history of atmospheric rivers in California.[aside postID=\"science_1991123,science_1991417,science_1985890\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have provided some of the first direct physical evidence of atmospheric storms in California’s history that had not been previously known,” she said. “[It is] about 20 times longer than the information we had previously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It sets the baseline’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Widespread meteorology records in California began in the late 1940s, and for the longest time, historians viewed the wettest and most disastrous rain event in California as the Great Flood of 1862 — which killed at least 4,000 people and cost more than $3 billion in today’s dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/profiles/cpoulsen\">Cody Poulsen\u003c/a>, who studies atmospheric rivers at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, said Knight’s findings are one missing puzzle piece in our understanding of future weather patterns in a warming climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sets the baseline in the sense that it provides a logical connection regarding the importance of atmospheric rivers,” he said. “This study creates a sobering result that the things that we think are extreme, amplified via global warming and climate change, could be more extreme.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2406px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A small glassy lake with hills, fog and trees reflect upon the surface of the lake. A small square wooden dock leads into the lake connected to a small aluminum boat and kayaks.\" width=\"2406\" height=\"1604\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg 2406w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2406px) 100vw, 2406px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarke Knight studied Leonard Lake in Mendocino County because it sits relatively untouched and because atmospheric rivers often hit the body of water.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knight’s study does have limitations. First, it focused only on one lake. Poulsen said that samples from lakes across the state are needed to have a more comprehensive view of atmospheric rivers’ effect on California in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is just the tip of the spear,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the study doesn’t resolve individual storms or water years. Instead, each data point holds around 10 years of information, “which in our field is extremely high resolution,” Knight said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://geography.berkeley.edu/professor-john-chiang\">John Chiang\u003c/a>, a UC Berkeley professor who studies atmospheric science, said Knight’s new record doesn’t accurately predict future storms in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That being said, it does set a baseline in that this is a first of its kind to reconstruct the atmospheric activity in the past,” he said. “This data doesn’t corroborate the exact physics of what we think will happen in a future climate. Those variations occurred in the past when we didn’t have humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The findings bolster our current efforts’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Knight also selected Leonard Lake because water managers operate large regional reservoirs. More \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CW3E_RussianRiverDroughtReadinessReport.pdf\">than half of the water delivered to that watershed along the Russian River comes from atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knight hopes to expand her work to similar lakes across the coastal range and said learning from history “sets us up for a better conversation about risks.” She also would like her study to cause the state and water managers to “reassess the ability of existing infrastructure to handle these events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992501\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A light wood surface with two columns of layered black and grey soil. A pink colored hand with a wrist full of beaded bracelets sits next to them for scale.\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-1152x1536.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarke Knight compares sediment samples from Leonard Lake in Mendocino County to her hand. Each layer of soil represents years of sediment deposited onto the lake floor.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-anderson-a24a6310/\">Michael Anderson\u003c/a>, the state’s climatologist, is excited about the study because it takes computer model projections of future weather and turns them into “tangible” observations showing what happened in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a stronger motivation to keep up the work we’re doing,” he said. “Our system is built to manage floods up to a certain size. Beyond that, the system can be overwhelmed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson said the study is helpful in understanding “what makes extreme storms happen,” but more data is needed as the state prepares its reservoirs and waterways for extreme storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the Russian River in Sonoma and Mendocino counties, water managers track atmospheric rivers using radar units dispersed across mountaintops, flights during storms and the release of water from reservoirs when a big storm approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the findings bolster our current efforts to plan for the extremes that we’ve already been doing,” said \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/cw3e-welcomes-chris-delaney/\">Chris Delaney\u003c/a>, principal engineer at Sonoma Water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the agency might use Knight’s study in future planning because the new information means extreme events could extend beyond what the agency can handle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we think is a 100-year event or a 500-year event now is probably not accurate if you were to look at the much longer period of climate like this study has done,” Delaney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nathan Baskett, a hydrogeologist for Sonoma Water, said that having this new historical information about atmospheric rivers allows the agency to prepare for what could happen in the coming decades as the world continues to warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s nice to see that they have actual physical evidence of it,” he said. “From where I’m sitting, the more data, the better because I think that having that kind of data helps us project for the future.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New research sets a new baseline for the intensity of atmospheric rivers in California and provides clues into storms the state will face as the world warms. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714519505,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1149},"headData":{"title":"Atmospheric Rivers in California’s Ancient Past Exceeded Modern Storms | KQED","description":"New research sets a new baseline for the intensity of atmospheric rivers in California and provides clues into storms the state will face as the world warms. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Atmospheric Rivers in California’s Ancient Past Exceeded Modern Storms","datePublished":"2024-05-01T11:00:29.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-30T23:25:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992513/atmospheric-rivers-in-californias-ancient-past-exceeded-modern-storms","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Clarke Knight studies just how far back in history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">massive atmospheric river storms\u003c/a> wreaked havoc on California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01357-z\">she reviewed her recent findings\u003c/a> on a computer at her then-home in Menlo Park, the power went out. The cause? An atmospheric river in February of last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of an ironic moment to be thwarted by the very thing I’m trying to understand,” said Knight, a USGS research geographer who studies paleoclimatology — the effects of weather on Earth in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By looking 3,200 years into the past, Knight extended atmospheric river knowledge significantly: twice in three millennia, atmospheric river activity exceeded anything in modern instrumental record keeping, deluging the state with widespread rainfall beyond what current Californians have ever experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 32 massive storms that drenched California last year pale in comparison to some of the storms in the state’s past. Climate scientists argue Knight’s data established a new baseline for understanding intensifying storms in today’s warming world because of human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Understanding what happened when we didn’t have this additional layer of climate change is important to consider as a baseline for what to expect,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Three women wearing puffy jackets hold a clear tube full of dark soil and brownish clear water above it.\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/DRILLINGCORE-KQED-1152x1536.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Geological Survey Scientists Clarke Knight, Lysanna Anderson, Marie Champagne hold an extracted sediment core. They later analyzed the cores to determine past atmospheric river activity.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knight and her colleagues extracted around 15-foot-deep sediment samples from the bottom of Leonard Lake, an almost entirely undisturbed lake in Mendocino County. Atmospheric rivers often hit the lake, causing sediment layers to settle on the lake floor, cementing things like titanium and silica into place. Using radiocarbon dating to determine the age of those organic materials, Knight compared that signal with current records. Once unearthed, the cores provided a more precise long-term history of atmospheric rivers in California.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1991123,science_1991417,science_1985890","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have provided some of the first direct physical evidence of atmospheric storms in California’s history that had not been previously known,” she said. “[It is] about 20 times longer than the information we had previously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It sets the baseline’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Widespread meteorology records in California began in the late 1940s, and for the longest time, historians viewed the wettest and most disastrous rain event in California as the Great Flood of 1862 — which killed at least 4,000 people and cost more than $3 billion in today’s dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/profiles/cpoulsen\">Cody Poulsen\u003c/a>, who studies atmospheric rivers at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, said Knight’s findings are one missing puzzle piece in our understanding of future weather patterns in a warming climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sets the baseline in the sense that it provides a logical connection regarding the importance of atmospheric rivers,” he said. “This study creates a sobering result that the things that we think are extreme, amplified via global warming and climate change, could be more extreme.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2406px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A small glassy lake with hills, fog and trees reflect upon the surface of the lake. A small square wooden dock leads into the lake connected to a small aluminum boat and kayaks.\" width=\"2406\" height=\"1604\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED.jpg 2406w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/LeonardLake_NatureComms-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2406px) 100vw, 2406px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarke Knight studied Leonard Lake in Mendocino County because it sits relatively untouched and because atmospheric rivers often hit the body of water.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knight’s study does have limitations. First, it focused only on one lake. Poulsen said that samples from lakes across the state are needed to have a more comprehensive view of atmospheric rivers’ effect on California in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is just the tip of the spear,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the study doesn’t resolve individual storms or water years. Instead, each data point holds around 10 years of information, “which in our field is extremely high resolution,” Knight said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://geography.berkeley.edu/professor-john-chiang\">John Chiang\u003c/a>, a UC Berkeley professor who studies atmospheric science, said Knight’s new record doesn’t accurately predict future storms in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That being said, it does set a baseline in that this is a first of its kind to reconstruct the atmospheric activity in the past,” he said. “This data doesn’t corroborate the exact physics of what we think will happen in a future climate. Those variations occurred in the past when we didn’t have humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The findings bolster our current efforts’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Knight also selected Leonard Lake because water managers operate large regional reservoirs. More \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CW3E_RussianRiverDroughtReadinessReport.pdf\">than half of the water delivered to that watershed along the Russian River comes from atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knight hopes to expand her work to similar lakes across the coastal range and said learning from history “sets us up for a better conversation about risks.” She also would like her study to cause the state and water managers to “reassess the ability of existing infrastructure to handle these events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992501\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A light wood surface with two columns of layered black and grey soil. A pink colored hand with a wrist full of beaded bracelets sits next to them for scale.\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/WHATCLAYLAYERSLOOKLIKE-KQED-1152x1536.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarke Knight compares sediment samples from Leonard Lake in Mendocino County to her hand. Each layer of soil represents years of sediment deposited onto the lake floor.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-anderson-a24a6310/\">Michael Anderson\u003c/a>, the state’s climatologist, is excited about the study because it takes computer model projections of future weather and turns them into “tangible” observations showing what happened in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a stronger motivation to keep up the work we’re doing,” he said. “Our system is built to manage floods up to a certain size. Beyond that, the system can be overwhelmed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson said the study is helpful in understanding “what makes extreme storms happen,” but more data is needed as the state prepares its reservoirs and waterways for extreme storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the Russian River in Sonoma and Mendocino counties, water managers track atmospheric rivers using radar units dispersed across mountaintops, flights during storms and the release of water from reservoirs when a big storm approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the findings bolster our current efforts to plan for the extremes that we’ve already been doing,” said \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/cw3e-welcomes-chris-delaney/\">Chris Delaney\u003c/a>, principal engineer at Sonoma Water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the agency might use Knight’s study in future planning because the new information means extreme events could extend beyond what the agency can handle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we think is a 100-year event or a 500-year event now is probably not accurate if you were to look at the much longer period of climate like this study has done,” Delaney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nathan Baskett, a hydrogeologist for Sonoma Water, said that having this new historical information about atmospheric rivers allows the agency to prepare for what could happen in the coming decades as the world continues to warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s nice to see that they have actual physical evidence of it,” he said. “From where I’m sitting, the more data, the better because I think that having that kind of data helps us project for the future.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992513/atmospheric-rivers-in-californias-ancient-past-exceeded-modern-storms","authors":["11746"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_2227","science_4417","science_4414","science_5295","science_2878"],"featImg":"science_1992516","label":"science"},"science_1992481":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992481","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992481","score":null,"sort":[1714129240000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-plans-for-slowing-climate-change-through-nature-based-solutions","title":"California's Plans for Slowing Climate Change Through Nature-Based Solutions","publishDate":1714129240,"format":"aside","headTitle":"California’s Plans for Slowing Climate Change Through Nature-Based Solutions | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DgenXr7D950\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of SF Climate Week, KQED’s Danielle Venton sat down with the California Secretary of Natural Resources, Wade Crowfoot, for Climate One at the Commonwealth Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discussed wildfires, indigenous leadership, natural land and the State’s plans for slowing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had one point to make,” said Crowfoot, “it’s the importance of nature in our efforts to combat climate change. We talk so much about energy, transportation, buildings, transitioning to 100% clean energy and reducing pollution. And that’s all critically important. But we can’t forget the natural carbon cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Venton: Wildfires have been a huge source of carbon dioxide emissions in the state. In some years the second largest source of emissions after transportation. They threaten to wipe out some of the real progress the state has made in tamping down our greenhouse gas emissions. What are we going to do about that? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11979516,mindshift_63636,science_1992415\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Crowfoot: Wildfire is a natural part of our ecology in California and across the American West. The big challenge is this unnatural, catastrophic level of wildfire that we’re experiencing in California. Before California was a state, when Native American communities were stewarding our lands, they had established a lot of low-level cultural fire on the landscape to manage this. California statehood comes on, and that practice is actually prohibited. There’s a misunderstanding of a lot of our natural resource professionals over almost a century that excluded fire from our landscapes. And then, when we add on climate change, that means hotter temperatures and less healthy forests. We have this epidemic of catastrophic wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fundamentally, it’s about restoring health to our landscapes, whether it’s forests in northern California, the shrub chaparral in Southern California. It involves a couple of things. One is our firefighting agency, CalFire, is the most sophisticated in the world. We’re doing more to respond to fires and keep them small. And we’re doing more to take action up front, proactively. That’s where wildfire resilience comes in. Our governor and legislature have given $3 billion of funding over the last three years alone toward these projects, whether they’re fuel breaks around communities that allow wildfire firefighters to take a stand or whether they’re reducing their density of vegetation or reintroducing that prescribed fire. We have a target to hit a million acres of these projects with the federal government by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I want to ask you more about that in a bit, but this idea of forests being in largely an unhealthy state, can we change forests from being a carbon source to a carbon sink? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to in California, and we need to across the world. Our landscapes, our plants, our soils, our oceans are part of our carbon cycle, and we know they are a critical solution to the climate change crisis. Ultimately, we need to shift our lands from becoming the source of emissions that they are and ultimately moving towards being the sink, removing that carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Do you think we can get there once we work through the debt of unburned fire that we’ve seen in this state over the past 100 years?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can; it’s going to take time. The science is evolving in understanding carbon stocks in different landscapes, whether it’s a forest or a desert or a wetland. The expert in our state government called the California Air Resources Board, which sort of maintains the roadmap to achieve our climate goals, identifies that right now, our lands are a major source of emissions. For the first time in 2022, our road map was updated to achieve carbon neutrality. And our landscapes are variable, in other words, our landscapes are part of the roadmap to achieve carbon neutrality. So now we have a target at our agency that we’re working to achieve, to limit the amount of further carbon losses from our lands. And ultimately our goal is to help them be a sink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Let’s talk about some news. California has set a goal to use more than half of its lands to help sequester carbon and fight climate change by 2045. Can you tell us more about that? And how does it fit in with the 30 by 30 goal?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If I had one point to make here in this discussion, it’s the importance of nature in our efforts to combat climate change. We talk so much about energy, transportation, buildings, transitioning to 100% clean energy and reducing pollution. And that’s all critically important. But we can’t forget the natural carbon cycle. In fact, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which are this collection of global scientists that advise the United Nations, identified that it’s nature-based solutions that are going to help us achieve a lot of the near-term progress we need to stabilize our climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, we’ve been focused on how do we set numeric goals to achieve what we want to on our lands as it relates to carbon. Gov. Newsom released over 80 specific targets, landscape by landscape. Think forests and farms, deserts and wetlands, coastal savanna, cities, with specific actions and a numeric target of the amount of acreage or the scale of these actions. Everything from the forest management that we talked about to restoring wetlands, to greening our cities, to introducing regenerative agricultural practices. These are all actions that are going to improve the health and resilience of our landscapes. And for the first time, they’re going to actually enroll our lands in California in this world-leading fight against climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And how is the state going to make sure that that actually happens, that there’s policy to back up that goal? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was with the governor this morning with a group of leaders. And one point he made is that California sets among the most ambitious climate action goals in the world. And to date, we’ve met those targets. Think back to 2007. California was one of the first places in the world to set a state law to reduce carbon pollution; that was called Assembly Bill 32 or AB 32, and it required a certain pollution reduction by 2020. Well, California got there three years early. When I worked for Gov. Jerry Brown, we set a zero-emission vehicle target of 1.5 million vehicles by 2025, and we reached it last year, three years early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, we’re focused on setting ambitious goals and then meeting them. Now, as it relates to these nature-based solutions, a lot of work is already in place. Over $1 billion has already been spent in the last few years alone conserving our lands. I think over $100 million for a healthy soils program to incentivize farmers to put organic content into their soils. Same with urban greening, tens of millions of dollars to green schoolyards and city streets and vulnerable communities to extreme heat. There’s a lot of work that’s happening. But, like a lot of our goals in California and around the world, we have to accelerate our actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Let’s talk about 30 by 30. That was spurred by an executive order in 2020 establishing a goal of conserving 30% of California’s land by 2030. We’re only six years away. How are we progressing? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I want to share the origins of 30 by 30. This is actually a global movement. And the legendary conservationist E.O. Wilson wrote a book called Half Earth. His contention is we have to conserve half the world in its natural form to maintain the life on Earth that we know. California was maybe the first one to actually adopt this as a 30 by 30 target, maybe on the way to 50%. Gov. Newsom did that in late 2020, four months later President Biden adopted 30 by 30 as the federal goal. Then, in late 2022, the UN organized the negotiations on biological diversity or biodiversity. And believe it or not, virtually every country in the world signed up to protect a third of the Earth. We were at about 23% of our lands protected or conserved before announcing the target. And over the last couple of years, we’ve added well over a thousand square miles to that. We’ll be announcing our annual update this summer with more progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Do we have a percentage for where we’re at right now? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are moving in at 25%. And I don’t want to scoop our annual report this summer and tell you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I think many people are very excited about the idea of setting aside more lands. But how do you protect livelihoods while also protecting lands? I’m thinking of the agricultural industry. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a fair question. Historically, environmental protection has been set up against economic progress or prosperity. It’s been this false choice of economy or environment. And from our perspective, protecting our ecosystems doesn’t just make sense for the fish and wildlife. When we protect the ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada mountains, that’s a green infrastructure. Those headwaters are the beginning of our water system. We need to continue to grow in California. We need to build housing. We need to build that clean energy infrastructure. We need to modernize so much. We can do that while conserving land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It needs to be planned and effectively. For example, we have a lot of focus on building housing where jobs and infrastructure already exist. Reducing sprawl that threatens some of those sensitive habitats. Lastly, I’ll say that one of the powerful aspects of 30 by 30 is that it is a voluntary, collaborative approach. So, it’s not forcibly taking, for example, farmland out of production. But within our pathways to 30 by 30 are other enhanced conservation measures. Things like putting compost on your soils or planting hedgerows for biodiversity. We actually have really strong partnerships with the agricultural community, the cattlemen, for example, because we know that productive working lands can actually deliver environmental benefits. And so we’re working to incentivize practices to do just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is the state doing to bring indigenous people and native people to the table and empower them? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is probably among the most meaningful of the work that I get to do. Having this whole journey of reconciliation with our California tribes. You know, the first governor of California, in his inaugural address, put a financial bounty on the heads of native women and children, paying Californians to kill women and children. That is state-sanctioned genocide. And Gov. Newsom acknowledged that in the first few months of his first term, inviting tribal leaders to Sacramento and issuing a formal apology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a powerful moment, probably the most powerful day of my career. But what we all recognized and the tribal leaders told us is, if that’s all you do, ultimately, it’s counterproductive. We have to lean in and follow through. So, in our agency, it looks like ancestral land return. It looks like binding co-management agreements for our resources. It looks like actually integrating traditional ecological knowledge into our scientific climate assessment. And we’re doing it. Our governor, our legislature, two years ago, allocated $100 million for ancestral land return. Some of California’s tribes that have been dispossessed of land are actually getting land back. So, I’ll always say I’m proud of our progress with a lot more work ahead in this area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A lot of the people who I talk to, who really care about prescribed fire, say that prescribed fires aren’t going to get us to where we need to go in terms of the number of acres that need to be treated. And that we really need to start looking at allowing fires, when it’s safe and when it’s been prepared for, allowing fires that are doing ecological benefit on the land to continue to burn. What do you think about that? How is the state thinking about that? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Managed fire, the idea if you have a fire in a remote area, rather than focusing your energy and putting it out, letting it burn, has been controversial in rural California because if you’re a small community and you’re worried about that fire, you’re very concerned that the firefighters are more interested in letting the fire do its thing than protecting your community. But I think we’ve made a lot of progress. We know that low-level intensity fire is healthy for landscapes, and that’s why we do prescribed fire. We know that some of the wildfires that are generated in California, many naturally occurring through lightning strikes, ultimately burn themselves out. I think that there’s a role for differentiating, low-level fire, from big catastrophic wildfire. We’ve only had one metric of fire, and that’s the acres burned. And we need different metrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you drive up Route 50 to South Lake Tahoe and you see the burn scar of the Caldor fire. In some places, the fire burned fairly low severity. And there you see a lot of the understory cleared out. But the mature trees are still green and growing. And then, in other areas, you’ll see the whole place just looks like nuclear winter. So, we think that there is a role to get a lot more sophisticated about differentiating these fires and then ultimately getting to a point where you have low-level fire, whether that’s naturally occurring or prescribed on an annual basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>My last question is tailored to my interests, but I think a lot of people care about it. Camping. It’s a way that many Californians enjoy this beautiful state, but it is so hard to get a reservation now. How are you thinking about this? And can we have more campgrounds? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a demand supply imbalance in outdoor recreation. Part of why I came to California from the state of Michigan in my early 20s, was to be outside, to explore this incredible place. We definitely understand that to get a state park reservation; I used to set my alarm at 7 a.m. six months before and try to get that reservation. So yes, we’re working to build more, more campsites. We’re also working to improve the way that you can access those campsites. So, reduce or enable some reservations to actually stay open for longer so you don’t have to be like a professional camper, getting on the web at just the right moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re also implementing some legislation that enables more reservations that get canceled to be reused. Sometimes, you can show up in a state park, and you’re looking around, and like a third of the sites are actually unused because someone made the reservation and didn’t use it. We’re also engaging in some really interesting public-private partnerships with entities like Hipcamp, sort of the Airbnb for camping. Lastly, I’ll say we’re really focused on expanding access, particularly in those communities that don’t have outdoor access. Some communities don’t have enough parks or their parks aren’t safe. Others don’t feel welcome in our state and national parks. So, we’re working to change that through this initiative called Outdoors for All. So, you’ll see more investment in new parks, open space and, yes, campgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As part of SF Climate Week, KQED’s Danielle Venton sat down with the California Secretary of Natural Resources, Wade Crowfoot, for Climate One at the Commonwealth Club. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714173704,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":2721},"headData":{"title":"California's Plans for Slowing Climate Change Through Nature-Based Solutions | KQED","description":"As part of SF Climate Week, KQED’s Danielle Venton sat down with the California Secretary of Natural Resources, Wade Crowfoot, for Climate One at the Commonwealth Club. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California's Plans for Slowing Climate Change Through Nature-Based Solutions","datePublished":"2024-04-26T11:00:40.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-26T23:21:44.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992481/californias-plans-for-slowing-climate-change-through-nature-based-solutions","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/DgenXr7D950'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/DgenXr7D950'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>As part of SF Climate Week, KQED’s Danielle Venton sat down with the California Secretary of Natural Resources, Wade Crowfoot, for Climate One at the Commonwealth Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discussed wildfires, indigenous leadership, natural land and the State’s plans for slowing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had one point to make,” said Crowfoot, “it’s the importance of nature in our efforts to combat climate change. We talk so much about energy, transportation, buildings, transitioning to 100% clean energy and reducing pollution. And that’s all critically important. But we can’t forget the natural carbon cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Venton: Wildfires have been a huge source of carbon dioxide emissions in the state. In some years the second largest source of emissions after transportation. They threaten to wipe out some of the real progress the state has made in tamping down our greenhouse gas emissions. What are we going to do about that? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11979516,mindshift_63636,science_1992415","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Crowfoot: Wildfire is a natural part of our ecology in California and across the American West. The big challenge is this unnatural, catastrophic level of wildfire that we’re experiencing in California. Before California was a state, when Native American communities were stewarding our lands, they had established a lot of low-level cultural fire on the landscape to manage this. California statehood comes on, and that practice is actually prohibited. There’s a misunderstanding of a lot of our natural resource professionals over almost a century that excluded fire from our landscapes. And then, when we add on climate change, that means hotter temperatures and less healthy forests. We have this epidemic of catastrophic wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fundamentally, it’s about restoring health to our landscapes, whether it’s forests in northern California, the shrub chaparral in Southern California. It involves a couple of things. One is our firefighting agency, CalFire, is the most sophisticated in the world. We’re doing more to respond to fires and keep them small. And we’re doing more to take action up front, proactively. That’s where wildfire resilience comes in. Our governor and legislature have given $3 billion of funding over the last three years alone toward these projects, whether they’re fuel breaks around communities that allow wildfire firefighters to take a stand or whether they’re reducing their density of vegetation or reintroducing that prescribed fire. We have a target to hit a million acres of these projects with the federal government by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I want to ask you more about that in a bit, but this idea of forests being in largely an unhealthy state, can we change forests from being a carbon source to a carbon sink? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to in California, and we need to across the world. Our landscapes, our plants, our soils, our oceans are part of our carbon cycle, and we know they are a critical solution to the climate change crisis. Ultimately, we need to shift our lands from becoming the source of emissions that they are and ultimately moving towards being the sink, removing that carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Do you think we can get there once we work through the debt of unburned fire that we’ve seen in this state over the past 100 years?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can; it’s going to take time. The science is evolving in understanding carbon stocks in different landscapes, whether it’s a forest or a desert or a wetland. The expert in our state government called the California Air Resources Board, which sort of maintains the roadmap to achieve our climate goals, identifies that right now, our lands are a major source of emissions. For the first time in 2022, our road map was updated to achieve carbon neutrality. And our landscapes are variable, in other words, our landscapes are part of the roadmap to achieve carbon neutrality. So now we have a target at our agency that we’re working to achieve, to limit the amount of further carbon losses from our lands. And ultimately our goal is to help them be a sink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Let’s talk about some news. California has set a goal to use more than half of its lands to help sequester carbon and fight climate change by 2045. Can you tell us more about that? And how does it fit in with the 30 by 30 goal?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If I had one point to make here in this discussion, it’s the importance of nature in our efforts to combat climate change. We talk so much about energy, transportation, buildings, transitioning to 100% clean energy and reducing pollution. And that’s all critically important. But we can’t forget the natural carbon cycle. In fact, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which are this collection of global scientists that advise the United Nations, identified that it’s nature-based solutions that are going to help us achieve a lot of the near-term progress we need to stabilize our climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, we’ve been focused on how do we set numeric goals to achieve what we want to on our lands as it relates to carbon. Gov. Newsom released over 80 specific targets, landscape by landscape. Think forests and farms, deserts and wetlands, coastal savanna, cities, with specific actions and a numeric target of the amount of acreage or the scale of these actions. Everything from the forest management that we talked about to restoring wetlands, to greening our cities, to introducing regenerative agricultural practices. These are all actions that are going to improve the health and resilience of our landscapes. And for the first time, they’re going to actually enroll our lands in California in this world-leading fight against climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And how is the state going to make sure that that actually happens, that there’s policy to back up that goal? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was with the governor this morning with a group of leaders. And one point he made is that California sets among the most ambitious climate action goals in the world. And to date, we’ve met those targets. Think back to 2007. California was one of the first places in the world to set a state law to reduce carbon pollution; that was called Assembly Bill 32 or AB 32, and it required a certain pollution reduction by 2020. Well, California got there three years early. When I worked for Gov. Jerry Brown, we set a zero-emission vehicle target of 1.5 million vehicles by 2025, and we reached it last year, three years early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, we’re focused on setting ambitious goals and then meeting them. Now, as it relates to these nature-based solutions, a lot of work is already in place. Over $1 billion has already been spent in the last few years alone conserving our lands. I think over $100 million for a healthy soils program to incentivize farmers to put organic content into their soils. Same with urban greening, tens of millions of dollars to green schoolyards and city streets and vulnerable communities to extreme heat. There’s a lot of work that’s happening. But, like a lot of our goals in California and around the world, we have to accelerate our actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Let’s talk about 30 by 30. That was spurred by an executive order in 2020 establishing a goal of conserving 30% of California’s land by 2030. We’re only six years away. How are we progressing? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I want to share the origins of 30 by 30. This is actually a global movement. And the legendary conservationist E.O. Wilson wrote a book called Half Earth. His contention is we have to conserve half the world in its natural form to maintain the life on Earth that we know. California was maybe the first one to actually adopt this as a 30 by 30 target, maybe on the way to 50%. Gov. Newsom did that in late 2020, four months later President Biden adopted 30 by 30 as the federal goal. Then, in late 2022, the UN organized the negotiations on biological diversity or biodiversity. And believe it or not, virtually every country in the world signed up to protect a third of the Earth. We were at about 23% of our lands protected or conserved before announcing the target. And over the last couple of years, we’ve added well over a thousand square miles to that. We’ll be announcing our annual update this summer with more progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Do we have a percentage for where we’re at right now? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are moving in at 25%. And I don’t want to scoop our annual report this summer and tell you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I think many people are very excited about the idea of setting aside more lands. But how do you protect livelihoods while also protecting lands? I’m thinking of the agricultural industry. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a fair question. Historically, environmental protection has been set up against economic progress or prosperity. It’s been this false choice of economy or environment. And from our perspective, protecting our ecosystems doesn’t just make sense for the fish and wildlife. When we protect the ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada mountains, that’s a green infrastructure. Those headwaters are the beginning of our water system. We need to continue to grow in California. We need to build housing. We need to build that clean energy infrastructure. We need to modernize so much. We can do that while conserving land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It needs to be planned and effectively. For example, we have a lot of focus on building housing where jobs and infrastructure already exist. Reducing sprawl that threatens some of those sensitive habitats. Lastly, I’ll say that one of the powerful aspects of 30 by 30 is that it is a voluntary, collaborative approach. So, it’s not forcibly taking, for example, farmland out of production. But within our pathways to 30 by 30 are other enhanced conservation measures. Things like putting compost on your soils or planting hedgerows for biodiversity. We actually have really strong partnerships with the agricultural community, the cattlemen, for example, because we know that productive working lands can actually deliver environmental benefits. And so we’re working to incentivize practices to do just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is the state doing to bring indigenous people and native people to the table and empower them? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is probably among the most meaningful of the work that I get to do. Having this whole journey of reconciliation with our California tribes. You know, the first governor of California, in his inaugural address, put a financial bounty on the heads of native women and children, paying Californians to kill women and children. That is state-sanctioned genocide. And Gov. Newsom acknowledged that in the first few months of his first term, inviting tribal leaders to Sacramento and issuing a formal apology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a powerful moment, probably the most powerful day of my career. But what we all recognized and the tribal leaders told us is, if that’s all you do, ultimately, it’s counterproductive. We have to lean in and follow through. So, in our agency, it looks like ancestral land return. It looks like binding co-management agreements for our resources. It looks like actually integrating traditional ecological knowledge into our scientific climate assessment. And we’re doing it. Our governor, our legislature, two years ago, allocated $100 million for ancestral land return. Some of California’s tribes that have been dispossessed of land are actually getting land back. So, I’ll always say I’m proud of our progress with a lot more work ahead in this area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A lot of the people who I talk to, who really care about prescribed fire, say that prescribed fires aren’t going to get us to where we need to go in terms of the number of acres that need to be treated. And that we really need to start looking at allowing fires, when it’s safe and when it’s been prepared for, allowing fires that are doing ecological benefit on the land to continue to burn. What do you think about that? How is the state thinking about that? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Managed fire, the idea if you have a fire in a remote area, rather than focusing your energy and putting it out, letting it burn, has been controversial in rural California because if you’re a small community and you’re worried about that fire, you’re very concerned that the firefighters are more interested in letting the fire do its thing than protecting your community. But I think we’ve made a lot of progress. We know that low-level intensity fire is healthy for landscapes, and that’s why we do prescribed fire. We know that some of the wildfires that are generated in California, many naturally occurring through lightning strikes, ultimately burn themselves out. I think that there’s a role for differentiating, low-level fire, from big catastrophic wildfire. We’ve only had one metric of fire, and that’s the acres burned. And we need different metrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you drive up Route 50 to South Lake Tahoe and you see the burn scar of the Caldor fire. In some places, the fire burned fairly low severity. And there you see a lot of the understory cleared out. But the mature trees are still green and growing. And then, in other areas, you’ll see the whole place just looks like nuclear winter. So, we think that there is a role to get a lot more sophisticated about differentiating these fires and then ultimately getting to a point where you have low-level fire, whether that’s naturally occurring or prescribed on an annual basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>My last question is tailored to my interests, but I think a lot of people care about it. Camping. It’s a way that many Californians enjoy this beautiful state, but it is so hard to get a reservation now. How are you thinking about this? And can we have more campgrounds? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a demand supply imbalance in outdoor recreation. Part of why I came to California from the state of Michigan in my early 20s, was to be outside, to explore this incredible place. We definitely understand that to get a state park reservation; I used to set my alarm at 7 a.m. six months before and try to get that reservation. So yes, we’re working to build more, more campsites. We’re also working to improve the way that you can access those campsites. So, reduce or enable some reservations to actually stay open for longer so you don’t have to be like a professional camper, getting on the web at just the right moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re also implementing some legislation that enables more reservations that get canceled to be reused. Sometimes, you can show up in a state park, and you’re looking around, and like a third of the sites are actually unused because someone made the reservation and didn’t use it. We’re also engaging in some really interesting public-private partnerships with entities like Hipcamp, sort of the Airbnb for camping. Lastly, I’ll say we’re really focused on expanding access, particularly in those communities that don’t have outdoor access. Some communities don’t have enough parks or their parks aren’t safe. Others don’t feel welcome in our state and national parks. So, we’re working to change that through this initiative called Outdoors for All. So, you’ll see more investment in new parks, open space and, yes, campgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992481/californias-plans-for-slowing-climate-change-through-nature-based-solutions","authors":["11088"],"categories":["science_31","science_40"],"tags":["science_194","science_205","science_4417","science_4414","science_112"],"featImg":"science_1992476","label":"science"},"science_1992443":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992443","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992443","score":null,"sort":[1714078819000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"what-is-the-green-flash-at-sunset-and-how-can-you-see-it","title":"What Is the 'Green Flash' at Sunset — and How Can You See It?","publishDate":1714078819,"format":"standard","headTitle":"What Is the ‘Green Flash’ at Sunset — and How Can You See It? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Have you heard of “the green flash”?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This elusive optical effect that happens during a sunset is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@themaxwellstravel/video/7202072555170057515\">the subject of debate online\u003c/a> — with some people claiming it doesn’t even exist. And if you have never seen it yourself, the idea of a startling burst of green suddenly appearing next to the setting sun \u003cem>could\u003c/em> sound far-fetched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, Bay Area meteorologist and photographer Jan Null has been documenting his green flash sightings on social media. And he’s here to tell you: it is absolutely real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#greenflash\">How can I see the green flash for myself?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What is the ‘green flash’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like rainbows or mirages, a green flash during sunset is another example of an optical phenomenon that occurs regularly in our daily lives yet can seem magical when you witness one yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to how rainbows appear when sunlight is scattered through raindrops, green flashes during sunsets — and sometimes sunrises — happen when light passes through a thick layer of Earth’s atmosphere. As the sun’s light moves through, it gets bent or refracted, creating a stunning, colorful sight visible to the human eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This refraction, or bending of light, is what sometimes lets us see a green color around the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different temperatures in the atmosphere also play a role, according to Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services. And that is why you’re most likely to spot a green flash on the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right over the ocean, there is cooler air, but sometimes there’s a layer of warm air above it,” Null said. “You have the sun setting, and it’s coming through these layers. It’s getting bent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun is on the horizon, it passes through a very thick part of the atmosphere, explained Null, and is more likely to bend. In contrast, when the sun is directly above you at midday, it’s passing through a relatively shallow part of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992444\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992444\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"The yellow sun is seen setting into the horizon. A background of dark orange surrounds the sun. On the upper most part of the sun, you can see a faint green color.\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A green flash photographed in Half Moon Bay, California, on Sept. 30, 2021. \u003ccite>(Jan Null)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These different densities caused by warm and cool temperatures create what Null calls a “coastal inversion” when the wind blows from the land towards the sea, refracting the setting sun’s light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But why is the flash green? As the sun disappears into the horizon, its lightwaves are bent by the atmosphere. \u003ca href=\"https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/inferior-mirage-green-flash-2/\">The green light becomes concentrated and separates from the other colors in the light spectrum\u003c/a>, creating that brilliant green flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although they are quite rare, Null said that he’s even seen “blue flashes” during sunsets, which occur when there’s an even larger coastal inversion as sunlight passes through even thicker layers of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192-768x434.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">During a green flash, our atmosphere distorts light from the sun as it sets, and the green rays are what reaches our eyes. \u003ccite>(John Jardine Goss/ EarthSky/ Patrick Meyers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"greenflash\">\u003c/a>How can I see the green flash for myself?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To have a chance of seeing a green flash in the Bay Area, find a viewpoint near the coast, where the view of the sun setting isn’t being obstructed — and watch the sun as it starts disappearing into the horizon. Remember, because this optical phenomenon happens when sunlight moves through warm air on land towards the cooler air in the water, the places where green flashes are most commonly seen are on the coast.[aside postID=news_11979339 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1244474782_qut-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the best time to see a green flash, that will be on a relatively warm, clear day with a light offshore breeze that will help create those “coastal inversions,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null warned that the green flash will last just a few seconds, making it even harder to spot with the naked eye — especially given how our eyesight gets “so degraded” when looking in the direction of the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though this can make it “really hard to discern much detail,” Null said this is what you’ll be looking for: “As the sun begins to set, you can see the light from the [the upper edge of the sun], sort of rippling. And it looks like a little bubble of light rises above it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A nice splash of Green Flash above a hazy Half Moon Bay sunset. 4/11/2024 \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Uj55msQUob\">pic.twitter.com/Uj55msQUob\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jan Null (@ggweather) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ggweather/status/1778623696078606412?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 12, 2024\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what are your chances of actually spotting the flash? Null said that despite being a meteorologist for almost 50 years, he saw his first green flash only four years ago when he moved to Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do optics classes in meteorology training, one of the things they talked about is the green flash,” Null said. “Meteorologists have always been looking for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for those lucky enough to wait patiently to see this fascinating sight, it’ll all be worth it, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The elusive green flash that happens during a sunset is the subject of debate online. Here's the science behind this optical phenomenon. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714092801,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":869},"headData":{"title":"What Is the 'Green Flash' at Sunset — and How Can You See It? | KQED","description":"The elusive green flash that happens during a sunset is the subject of debate online. Here's the science behind this optical phenomenon. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What Is the 'Green Flash' at Sunset — and How Can You See It?","datePublished":"2024-04-25T21:00:19.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-26T00:53:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992443/what-is-the-green-flash-at-sunset-and-how-can-you-see-it","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Have you heard of “the green flash”?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This elusive optical effect that happens during a sunset is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@themaxwellstravel/video/7202072555170057515\">the subject of debate online\u003c/a> — with some people claiming it doesn’t even exist. And if you have never seen it yourself, the idea of a startling burst of green suddenly appearing next to the setting sun \u003cem>could\u003c/em> sound far-fetched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, Bay Area meteorologist and photographer Jan Null has been documenting his green flash sightings on social media. And he’s here to tell you: it is absolutely real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#greenflash\">How can I see the green flash for myself?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What is the ‘green flash’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like rainbows or mirages, a green flash during sunset is another example of an optical phenomenon that occurs regularly in our daily lives yet can seem magical when you witness one yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to how rainbows appear when sunlight is scattered through raindrops, green flashes during sunsets — and sometimes sunrises — happen when light passes through a thick layer of Earth’s atmosphere. As the sun’s light moves through, it gets bent or refracted, creating a stunning, colorful sight visible to the human eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This refraction, or bending of light, is what sometimes lets us see a green color around the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different temperatures in the atmosphere also play a role, according to Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services. And that is why you’re most likely to spot a green flash on the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right over the ocean, there is cooler air, but sometimes there’s a layer of warm air above it,” Null said. “You have the sun setting, and it’s coming through these layers. It’s getting bent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun is on the horizon, it passes through a very thick part of the atmosphere, explained Null, and is more likely to bend. In contrast, when the sun is directly above you at midday, it’s passing through a relatively shallow part of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992444\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992444\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"The yellow sun is seen setting into the horizon. A background of dark orange surrounds the sun. On the upper most part of the sun, you can see a faint green color.\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/fig3_2-1-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A green flash photographed in Half Moon Bay, California, on Sept. 30, 2021. \u003ccite>(Jan Null)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These different densities caused by warm and cool temperatures create what Null calls a “coastal inversion” when the wind blows from the land towards the sea, refracting the setting sun’s light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But why is the flash green? As the sun disappears into the horizon, its lightwaves are bent by the atmosphere. \u003ca href=\"https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/inferior-mirage-green-flash-2/\">The green light becomes concentrated and separates from the other colors in the light spectrum\u003c/a>, creating that brilliant green flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although they are quite rare, Null said that he’s even seen “blue flashes” during sunsets, which occur when there’s an even larger coastal inversion as sunlight passes through even thicker layers of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/Green-Flash-ES-PM-credit-e1701873974192-768x434.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">During a green flash, our atmosphere distorts light from the sun as it sets, and the green rays are what reaches our eyes. \u003ccite>(John Jardine Goss/ EarthSky/ Patrick Meyers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"greenflash\">\u003c/a>How can I see the green flash for myself?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To have a chance of seeing a green flash in the Bay Area, find a viewpoint near the coast, where the view of the sun setting isn’t being obstructed — and watch the sun as it starts disappearing into the horizon. Remember, because this optical phenomenon happens when sunlight moves through warm air on land towards the cooler air in the water, the places where green flashes are most commonly seen are on the coast.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11979339","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1244474782_qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the best time to see a green flash, that will be on a relatively warm, clear day with a light offshore breeze that will help create those “coastal inversions,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null warned that the green flash will last just a few seconds, making it even harder to spot with the naked eye — especially given how our eyesight gets “so degraded” when looking in the direction of the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though this can make it “really hard to discern much detail,” Null said this is what you’ll be looking for: “As the sun begins to set, you can see the light from the [the upper edge of the sun], sort of rippling. And it looks like a little bubble of light rises above it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A nice splash of Green Flash above a hazy Half Moon Bay sunset. 4/11/2024 \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Uj55msQUob\">pic.twitter.com/Uj55msQUob\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jan Null (@ggweather) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ggweather/status/1778623696078606412?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 12, 2024\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what are your chances of actually spotting the flash? Null said that despite being a meteorologist for almost 50 years, he saw his first green flash only four years ago when he moved to Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do optics classes in meteorology training, one of the things they talked about is the green flash,” Null said. “Meteorologists have always been looking for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for those lucky enough to wait patiently to see this fascinating sight, it’ll all be worth it, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992443/what-is-the-green-flash-at-sunset-and-how-can-you-see-it","authors":["11631"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4992","science_1602","science_4729","science_934","science_365"],"featImg":"science_1992446","label":"science"},"science_1992460":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992460","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992460","score":null,"sort":[1714075214000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-cities-push-to-legally-validate-polyamorous-families","title":"Bay Area Cities Push to Legally Validate Polyamorous Families","publishDate":1714075214,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Bay Area Cities Push to Legally Validate Polyamorous Families | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>John Owens pulled his brown shoulder-length hair back into a bun and tossed brightly colored T-shirts and books into crates and boxes. The 37-year-old artist and writer is moving for the fifth time in less than a decade. He said he feels uncomfortable in his current home, which Owens, who identifies as polyamorous, shares with one of his three romantic partners and two roommates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six months after moving into the duplex tucked off the 580 freeway in Oakland, the dishwasher, garbage disposal and driveway gate all needed repairs. Owens told his landlords that one of his romantic partners would be visiting the house and could meet the repair person. This was the first time he’d shared details about his love life. After that, Owens said, the interactions between the landlords “felt much stranger,” and it grew more awkward as time passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The landlords are pretty judgy about polyamory,” Owens said. “At one point, they tried to ask us to leave, threatening an owner-occupied eviction thing. Then, they backtracked and said we could stay, but with a 10% rent increase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his polyamorous lifestyle alarmed the landlord or master tenant in his last four living situations. When he shared that he was polyamorous with a prospective landlord who lived onsite in an apartment building in Oakland a few years ago, the older woman became angry and disrespectful, telling him: “I don’t rent to sluts.” The landlord did not provide a rental application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That type of discrimination is pretty common,” Owens said. “It’s hard to even think about all the different times, different people that I’ve encountered in professional, medical, housing or institutional settings that have made it pretty clear that they’re not OK with the way I live my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows that \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/6E8_Cqx2JmsXW3ozsZT-YX?domain=journals.sagepub.com\">two-thirds of people engaged in consensual nonmonogamy report feeling stigmatized\u003c/a>, which inspires many people to hide that they are polyamorous because they fear \u003ca href=\"https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/102091/asap1286.pdf;jsessionid=85415879310B01D865F7EF9FB330883F?sequence=1\">negative perceptions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stigma and discrimination can show up in a range of domains: housing, employment, \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30621924/\">health care\u003c/a> and immigration,” said Brett Chamberlin, founder and executive director of the Organization for Polyamory and Ethical Non-monogamy, a nonprofit advocacy group. “Courts have \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/case/vb-v-jeb\">revoked custody from parents\u003c/a> who have multiple partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, the Oakland City Council passed new \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=6515422&GUID=506A2AB9-4300-4716-92D1-CB6C0C5E5765&Options=&Search=\">legislation\u003c/a> formally recognizing polyamorous families, the first of its kind on the West Coast. It protects “diverse family structures” from discrimination in housing and at businesses and introduces a civil financial penalty for any rights violations by city services or facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janani Ramachandran, Oakland’s first LGBTQ councilwoman of color, sponsored the bill. Protections cover multi-partner families, step-families, single parents, multi-generational households and \u003ca href=\"https://lgbt.ucsf.edu/glossary-terms#:~:text=Asexuality%3A%20Generally%20characterized%20by%20not,deliberate%20abstention%20from%20sexual%20activity.\">asexual\u003c/a> relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lot of really wonderful good news in the world,” Owens said. “And this is a really wonderful and unambiguously good thing that Oakland is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley lawmakers plan to vote on the same legislation on May 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A growing movement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Somerville and Cambridge in Massachusetts passed the\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/16/style/polyamory-somerville.html\"> first laws granting rights to nontraditional families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a really exciting moment for the nonmonogamy movement because it helps validate and protect families and relationships that for a long time have existed in the shadows or at the margins of societies,” Chamberlin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992399 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Owens (center left) poses for a photo with two of his partners, Emily Savage and Alejandra Bravo (center), and their polycule at a celebration party at the East Bay Community Space in Oakland on April 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His group plans to push for protections at the state and eventually federal level. Chamberlin said people have a human right to pursue the relationship and family structure they desire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nonmonogamous community has something really important to offer this world,” he said. “The way that we pursue relationships is an expression of our values. We put connection above consumption, and we put community and cooperation above competition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The changing shape of families in America\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Owens has three long-term romantic partnerships. He and a married woman in her late 30s are in love. He lives with a woman in her early 30s with whom he collaborates professionally through artistic projects and sex-positive events. And then, about a year-and-a-half ago, he fell for a “delightfully fun” person in their 20s who identifies as nonbinary. They stay in touch throughout the day by texting funny political memes back and forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re able to have more than one long-term partner, you don’t need each person to be everything or fill every bucket for you,” Owens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992398 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lily Lamboy, co-founder of the Modern Family Institute, speaks during a celebration party at the East Bay Community Space in Oakland on April 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All of his partners also have other romantic and sexual partners. Owens described this larger network as his \u003ca href=\"https://www.polyamproud.com/post/learn-about-polyamory-what-is-a-polycule\">polycule\u003c/a>; he said everyone is practicing consensual nonmonogamy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owens grew up in Omaha, Nebraska. Even before high school, he began questioning the relationship models around him. His parents, both pastors in the protestant church, Disciples of Christ, instilled the idea that marriage is a lifelong commitment between one man and one woman. But, the idea of settling down with one person exclusively “never felt realistic.” In 2016, he moved to the West Coast in search of like-minded people in progressive circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, he decided “to be fully open and out about being polyamorous with everyone and in every context.” This included a tricky conversation with his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if they fully understood it,” Owens said. “But they are happy I’m living my life in an authentic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Religious pushback\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some religious groups are openly critical. The California Family Council, a Christian faith-based organization, is vehemently opposed to any measure that affirms polyamorous relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The push by Oakland and Berkeley to formalize polyamorous families is cultural suicide,” said Greg Burt, vice president of CFC, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiafamily.org/2024/02/two-ca-cities-push-to-formally-recognize-polyamory/\">statement\u003c/a>. “History and experience have shown children thrive best in nuclear father, mother and child families. A civilization that rejects this biblical model for family life is hell-bent on its own destruction.” Yet, the country may be trending away from the nuclear family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0092623X.2016.1178675?journalCode=usmt20\">Research\u003c/a> shows that one in five single people in the U.S. have participated in some type of nonmonogamy. A \u003ca href=\"https://d3nkl3psvxxpe9.cloudfront.net/documents/Monogamy_NonMonogamy_Relationships_Toplines_crosstabs.pdf\">2023 poll conducted by YouGov\u003c/a>, an international analytics group, found that approximately a third of U.S. adults said that their ideal relationship is nonmonogamous to some degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owens said the traditional model didn’t work for him. He had a daughter in his early 20s when he was living in Durham, North Carolina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard,” he said. “I can’t imagine trying to parent in a one or two-parent household ever again. There’s no way. For the long arc of human history, children have been raised by the village in large groups of people. My dream scenario is some big polyamorous collective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Oakland voted to legitimize diverse family structures, and Berkeley is on tap to do the same. Advocates see the legal protections as a significant step to reduce stigma.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714152012,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1236},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Cities Push to Legally Validate Polyamorous Families | KQED","description":"Oakland voted to legitimize diverse family structures, and Berkeley is on tap to do the same. Advocates see the legal protections as a significant step to reduce stigma.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Cities Push to Legally Validate Polyamorous Families","datePublished":"2024-04-25T20:00:14.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-26T17:20:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"News","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/6e886ee1-d572-43d6-8eee-b15e011625f0/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992460/bay-area-cities-push-to-legally-validate-polyamorous-families","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>John Owens pulled his brown shoulder-length hair back into a bun and tossed brightly colored T-shirts and books into crates and boxes. The 37-year-old artist and writer is moving for the fifth time in less than a decade. He said he feels uncomfortable in his current home, which Owens, who identifies as polyamorous, shares with one of his three romantic partners and two roommates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six months after moving into the duplex tucked off the 580 freeway in Oakland, the dishwasher, garbage disposal and driveway gate all needed repairs. Owens told his landlords that one of his romantic partners would be visiting the house and could meet the repair person. This was the first time he’d shared details about his love life. After that, Owens said, the interactions between the landlords “felt much stranger,” and it grew more awkward as time passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The landlords are pretty judgy about polyamory,” Owens said. “At one point, they tried to ask us to leave, threatening an owner-occupied eviction thing. Then, they backtracked and said we could stay, but with a 10% rent increase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his polyamorous lifestyle alarmed the landlord or master tenant in his last four living situations. When he shared that he was polyamorous with a prospective landlord who lived onsite in an apartment building in Oakland a few years ago, the older woman became angry and disrespectful, telling him: “I don’t rent to sluts.” The landlord did not provide a rental application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That type of discrimination is pretty common,” Owens said. “It’s hard to even think about all the different times, different people that I’ve encountered in professional, medical, housing or institutional settings that have made it pretty clear that they’re not OK with the way I live my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows that \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/6E8_Cqx2JmsXW3ozsZT-YX?domain=journals.sagepub.com\">two-thirds of people engaged in consensual nonmonogamy report feeling stigmatized\u003c/a>, which inspires many people to hide that they are polyamorous because they fear \u003ca href=\"https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/102091/asap1286.pdf;jsessionid=85415879310B01D865F7EF9FB330883F?sequence=1\">negative perceptions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stigma and discrimination can show up in a range of domains: housing, employment, \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30621924/\">health care\u003c/a> and immigration,” said Brett Chamberlin, founder and executive director of the Organization for Polyamory and Ethical Non-monogamy, a nonprofit advocacy group. “Courts have \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/case/vb-v-jeb\">revoked custody from parents\u003c/a> who have multiple partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, the Oakland City Council passed new \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=6515422&GUID=506A2AB9-4300-4716-92D1-CB6C0C5E5765&Options=&Search=\">legislation\u003c/a> formally recognizing polyamorous families, the first of its kind on the West Coast. It protects “diverse family structures” from discrimination in housing and at businesses and introduces a civil financial penalty for any rights violations by city services or facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janani Ramachandran, Oakland’s first LGBTQ councilwoman of color, sponsored the bill. Protections cover multi-partner families, step-families, single parents, multi-generational households and \u003ca href=\"https://lgbt.ucsf.edu/glossary-terms#:~:text=Asexuality%3A%20Generally%20characterized%20by%20not,deliberate%20abstention%20from%20sexual%20activity.\">asexual\u003c/a> relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lot of really wonderful good news in the world,” Owens said. “And this is a really wonderful and unambiguously good thing that Oakland is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley lawmakers plan to vote on the same legislation on May 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A growing movement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Somerville and Cambridge in Massachusetts passed the\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/16/style/polyamory-somerville.html\"> first laws granting rights to nontraditional families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a really exciting moment for the nonmonogamy movement because it helps validate and protect families and relationships that for a long time have existed in the shadows or at the margins of societies,” Chamberlin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992399 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-31-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Owens (center left) poses for a photo with two of his partners, Emily Savage and Alejandra Bravo (center), and their polycule at a celebration party at the East Bay Community Space in Oakland on April 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His group plans to push for protections at the state and eventually federal level. Chamberlin said people have a human right to pursue the relationship and family structure they desire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nonmonogamous community has something really important to offer this world,” he said. “The way that we pursue relationships is an expression of our values. We put connection above consumption, and we put community and cooperation above competition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The changing shape of families in America\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Owens has three long-term romantic partnerships. He and a married woman in her late 30s are in love. He lives with a woman in her early 30s with whom he collaborates professionally through artistic projects and sex-positive events. And then, about a year-and-a-half ago, he fell for a “delightfully fun” person in their 20s who identifies as nonbinary. They stay in touch throughout the day by texting funny political memes back and forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re able to have more than one long-term partner, you don’t need each person to be everything or fill every bucket for you,” Owens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992398 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/240416-NONTRADITIONALFAMILIES-23-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lily Lamboy, co-founder of the Modern Family Institute, speaks during a celebration party at the East Bay Community Space in Oakland on April 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All of his partners also have other romantic and sexual partners. Owens described this larger network as his \u003ca href=\"https://www.polyamproud.com/post/learn-about-polyamory-what-is-a-polycule\">polycule\u003c/a>; he said everyone is practicing consensual nonmonogamy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owens grew up in Omaha, Nebraska. Even before high school, he began questioning the relationship models around him. His parents, both pastors in the protestant church, Disciples of Christ, instilled the idea that marriage is a lifelong commitment between one man and one woman. But, the idea of settling down with one person exclusively “never felt realistic.” In 2016, he moved to the West Coast in search of like-minded people in progressive circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, he decided “to be fully open and out about being polyamorous with everyone and in every context.” This included a tricky conversation with his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if they fully understood it,” Owens said. “But they are happy I’m living my life in an authentic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Religious pushback\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some religious groups are openly critical. The California Family Council, a Christian faith-based organization, is vehemently opposed to any measure that affirms polyamorous relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The push by Oakland and Berkeley to formalize polyamorous families is cultural suicide,” said Greg Burt, vice president of CFC, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiafamily.org/2024/02/two-ca-cities-push-to-formally-recognize-polyamory/\">statement\u003c/a>. “History and experience have shown children thrive best in nuclear father, mother and child families. A civilization that rejects this biblical model for family life is hell-bent on its own destruction.” Yet, the country may be trending away from the nuclear family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0092623X.2016.1178675?journalCode=usmt20\">Research\u003c/a> shows that one in five single people in the U.S. have participated in some type of nonmonogamy. A \u003ca href=\"https://d3nkl3psvxxpe9.cloudfront.net/documents/Monogamy_NonMonogamy_Relationships_Toplines_crosstabs.pdf\">2023 poll conducted by YouGov\u003c/a>, an international analytics group, found that approximately a third of U.S. adults said that their ideal relationship is nonmonogamous to some degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owens said the traditional model didn’t work for him. He had a daughter in his early 20s when he was living in Durham, North Carolina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard,” he said. “I can’t imagine trying to parent in a one or two-parent household ever again. There’s no way. For the long arc of human history, children have been raised by the village in large groups of people. My dream scenario is some big polyamorous collective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992460/bay-area-cities-push-to-legally-validate-polyamorous-families","authors":["11229"],"categories":["science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_1665","science_4417","science_5181","science_3779"],"featImg":"science_1992397","label":"source_science_1992460"},"science_1992433":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992433","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992433","score":null,"sort":[1713895206000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-new-1600-acre-state-park-set-to-open-this-summer","title":"California’s New 1600-Acre State Park Set to Open This Summer","publishDate":1713895206,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California’s New 1600-Acre State Park Set to Open This Summer | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Californians can soon enjoy a new state park at the heart of the Central Valley, the first in about a decade. The Dos Rios preserve, about 90 minutes east of San Francisco, is a lush floodplain filled with green grass, shrubs and native trees like cottonwood, willows and valley oaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can hike through miles of trail beginning June 12. The park is located eight miles east of Modesto near the convergence of the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until about a decade ago, Dos Rios was a dairy and cattle ranch owned by farmers who grew tomatoes and almonds. But year after year, floods swept through, damaging the crops. In 2012, the owners sold all 1,600 acres to \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org/\">River Partners\u003c/a>, an environmental nonprofit dedicated to conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, after more than a decade of restoration work, Dos Rios is a flourishing riparian forest. The area hosts many endangered and migratory wildlife, including brush rabbits, Chinook salmon and Swainson’s hawk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners donated Dos Rios last year to the California State Parks. In a \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022_Dos-Rios_Program.pdf\">statement, \u003c/a>the organization wrote, “California’s newest state park fulfills our vision of giving the publicly funded property back to Valley residents to enjoy and steward forever.”[aside postID=science_1991791 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS36031_Image-from-iOS-14-qut-1038x576.jpg']Gov. Gavin Newsom, who visited Dos Rios at an Earth Day celebration on Monday, said the new park plays an important role in the state’s commitment to meet its climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, for the first time, we integrate the environmental conservation work that we do and put it in direct service to meeting our carbon goals,” said Wade Crowfoot, California’s Natural Resources Secretary, who was present at the celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dos Rios is California’s first park to open in over a decade. Newsom said the new park fills a big void in the vast San Joaquin Valley by offering residents, many of whom are low-income and communities of color, a unique nature preserve. Residents with a California Public Library pass can enjoy \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ca.gov/grants/parks-pass/faq/\">free access\u003c/a> to select state parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Parks will consult with the tribal communities for potential access to river activities like boating and swimming in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Nestled in the lush San Joaquin Valley landscape, California's latest addition to its state park roster, the Dos Rios preserve, will unveil its grand opening on June 12, marking the state's 281st park.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713896041,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":389},"headData":{"title":"California’s New 1600-Acre State Park Set to Open This Summer | KQED","description":"Nestled in the lush San Joaquin Valley landscape, California's latest addition to its state park roster, the Dos Rios preserve, will unveil its grand opening on June 12, marking the state's 281st park.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California’s New 1600-Acre State Park Set to Open This Summer","datePublished":"2024-04-23T18:00:06.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T18:14:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Kristel Tjandra","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992433/californias-new-1600-acre-state-park-set-to-open-this-summer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians can soon enjoy a new state park at the heart of the Central Valley, the first in about a decade. The Dos Rios preserve, about 90 minutes east of San Francisco, is a lush floodplain filled with green grass, shrubs and native trees like cottonwood, willows and valley oaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can hike through miles of trail beginning June 12. The park is located eight miles east of Modesto near the convergence of the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until about a decade ago, Dos Rios was a dairy and cattle ranch owned by farmers who grew tomatoes and almonds. But year after year, floods swept through, damaging the crops. In 2012, the owners sold all 1,600 acres to \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org/\">River Partners\u003c/a>, an environmental nonprofit dedicated to conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, after more than a decade of restoration work, Dos Rios is a flourishing riparian forest. The area hosts many endangered and migratory wildlife, including brush rabbits, Chinook salmon and Swainson’s hawk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners donated Dos Rios last year to the California State Parks. In a \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022_Dos-Rios_Program.pdf\">statement, \u003c/a>the organization wrote, “California’s newest state park fulfills our vision of giving the publicly funded property back to Valley residents to enjoy and steward forever.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1991791","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS36031_Image-from-iOS-14-qut-1038x576.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom, who visited Dos Rios at an Earth Day celebration on Monday, said the new park plays an important role in the state’s commitment to meet its climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, for the first time, we integrate the environmental conservation work that we do and put it in direct service to meeting our carbon goals,” said Wade Crowfoot, California’s Natural Resources Secretary, who was present at the celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dos Rios is California’s first park to open in over a decade. Newsom said the new park fills a big void in the vast San Joaquin Valley by offering residents, many of whom are low-income and communities of color, a unique nature preserve. Residents with a California Public Library pass can enjoy \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ca.gov/grants/parks-pass/faq/\">free access\u003c/a> to select state parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Parks will consult with the tribal communities for potential access to river activities like boating and swimming in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992433/californias-new-1600-acre-state-park-set-to-open-this-summer","authors":["byline_science_1992433"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_5178","science_1942","science_4417","science_4414","science_4008","science_179"],"featImg":"science_1992437","label":"science"},"science_1992415":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992415","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992415","score":null,"sort":[1713554494000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"same-sex-couples-face-higher-climate-change-risks-new-ucla-study-shows","title":"Same-Sex Couples Face Higher Climate Change Risks, New UCLA Study Shows","publishDate":1713554494,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Same-Sex Couples Face Higher Climate Change Risks, New UCLA Study Shows | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Same-sex couples have a significant risk of exposure to the adverse effects of climate change — wildfires, floods, smoke-filled skies, drought, etc. — compared to straight couples, according to\u003ca href=\"https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/climate-change-risk-lgbt/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Read%20the%20report&utm_campaign=Press%3A%20Climate%20Change\"> a new report by the Williams Institute at UCLA School of Law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our research cuts against the narratives that LGBT people often live in safe pockets of coastal cities where they have access to all the resources that they need,” said Ari Shaw, study co-author, senior fellow and director of International Programs at the Williams Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LGBTQ same-sex couples who live together frequently reside in coastal areas, large cities and places with infrastructure ill-equipped for climate-related disasters. All of this makes queer couples more vulnerable to climate hazards, Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors found that San Francisco County, behind the District of Columbia, has the second-highest proportion of same-sex couples in the country and a relatively high risk of national hazards complicating life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco ranks among the highest in terms of its risk exposure to the effects of climate change,” Shaw said. “The experience of folks living in parts of the city that are more prone to flooding and these sorts of natural disasters is borne out in the data as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing that LGBTQ people often live in concentrated urban areas like San Francisco is essential because Bay Area climate scientists recently found that human-caused climate change will cause atmospheric rivers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212094722000275\">become 37% wetter by the end of the century\u003c/a>. These storms can cause significant flooding, and KQED reporting from 2023 found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1983299/san-franciscos-aging-infrastructure-isnt-ready-for-its-wetter-future\">San Francisco’s infrastructure\u003c/a> isn’t prepared for future storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On New Year’s Eve 2002, parts of San Francisco’s Leather & LGBTQ Cultural District flooded during an atmospheric river that swamped the region. The nearest grocery store to the area, Rainbow Grocery, also flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Our findings probably understate the true impact’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The researchers relied on a mix of U.S. Census data and climate risk assessment data from NASA and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaw said his team considered same-sex couples because the U.S. Census gathers information on cohabitating same-sex households but does not broadly collect sexual orientation or gender data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991453\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1991453\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A view of a residential neighborhood with a sandy coastline on the other side of a road.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sandy path leads from Ocean Beach to the Great Highway and the Sunset District in San Francisco on Feb. 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This study helps to shine a light on what is likely a much larger and more complicated picture,” he said. “Our findings probably understate the true impact that climate change is having on LGBTQ people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new research moves the needle in helping the nation understand who is at risk of climate disasters, UC Irvine sociology professor Michael Méndez said. He previously studied how \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978439/queer-communities-often-left-out-of-disaster-planning-research-shows\">queer communities are often left out\u003c/a> of disaster planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The needle is moving slowly,” Méndez said. “These disasters are not happening in isolation. If an individual is feeling discrimination, or a lack of safety in their home and a disaster happens, they can feel even more vulnerable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what Méndez said the study doesn’t reveal is who the same-sex couples are in terms of race, income and their positions in society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It could’ve gone a little further in terms of highlighting that, just because you’re LGBTQ and you’re in a geographic area that has a higher propensity for climate risks, does not necessarily make you socially vulnerable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Sen. Steve Padilla (D-San Diego) announced SB 990, which would establish best practices for state and local governments when addressing the needs of the LGBTQ community after a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The values we have fought so hard to uphold cannot disappear at the first sight of trouble,” Padilla said in a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Solutions are possible\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The study authors recommend that policymakers, cities and providers ensure that disaster relief is accessible and given without discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression.[aside postID=science_1992222 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/GettyImages-2092455726-1020x693.jpg']Solutions could include safe shelters, access to medication and financial aid for displaced LGBTQ people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the study found that LGBTQ people often live in areas with poor infrastructure and lack resources to respond to climate change, the researchers suggest cities expand green spaces and enhance structural resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Policies should focus on mitigating discriminatory housing and urban development practices, making shelters safe spaces for LGBTQ people, and ensuring that relief aid reaches displaced LGBTQ individuals,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers also suggest that state and federal surveys, like the U.S. Census, need to include “measures of sexual orientation and gender identity to increase the scope and granularity of information available on LGBTQ people, including assessments of climate risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"LGBTQ people in same-sex couples are at greater risk of exposure to the negative effects of climate change compared to straight couples, according to a new study.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713740355,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":835},"headData":{"title":"Same-Sex Couples Face Higher Climate Change Risks, New UCLA Study Shows | KQED","description":"LGBTQ people in same-sex couples are at greater risk of exposure to the negative effects of climate change compared to straight couples, according to a new study.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Same-Sex Couples Face Higher Climate Change Risks, New UCLA Study Shows","datePublished":"2024-04-19T19:21:34.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-21T22:59:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992415/same-sex-couples-face-higher-climate-change-risks-new-ucla-study-shows","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Same-sex couples have a significant risk of exposure to the adverse effects of climate change — wildfires, floods, smoke-filled skies, drought, etc. — compared to straight couples, according to\u003ca href=\"https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/climate-change-risk-lgbt/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Read%20the%20report&utm_campaign=Press%3A%20Climate%20Change\"> a new report by the Williams Institute at UCLA School of Law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our research cuts against the narratives that LGBT people often live in safe pockets of coastal cities where they have access to all the resources that they need,” said Ari Shaw, study co-author, senior fellow and director of International Programs at the Williams Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LGBTQ same-sex couples who live together frequently reside in coastal areas, large cities and places with infrastructure ill-equipped for climate-related disasters. All of this makes queer couples more vulnerable to climate hazards, Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors found that San Francisco County, behind the District of Columbia, has the second-highest proportion of same-sex couples in the country and a relatively high risk of national hazards complicating life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco ranks among the highest in terms of its risk exposure to the effects of climate change,” Shaw said. “The experience of folks living in parts of the city that are more prone to flooding and these sorts of natural disasters is borne out in the data as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing that LGBTQ people often live in concentrated urban areas like San Francisco is essential because Bay Area climate scientists recently found that human-caused climate change will cause atmospheric rivers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212094722000275\">become 37% wetter by the end of the century\u003c/a>. These storms can cause significant flooding, and KQED reporting from 2023 found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1983299/san-franciscos-aging-infrastructure-isnt-ready-for-its-wetter-future\">San Francisco’s infrastructure\u003c/a> isn’t prepared for future storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On New Year’s Eve 2002, parts of San Francisco’s Leather & LGBTQ Cultural District flooded during an atmospheric river that swamped the region. The nearest grocery store to the area, Rainbow Grocery, also flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Our findings probably understate the true impact’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The researchers relied on a mix of U.S. Census data and climate risk assessment data from NASA and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaw said his team considered same-sex couples because the U.S. Census gathers information on cohabitating same-sex households but does not broadly collect sexual orientation or gender data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991453\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1991453\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A view of a residential neighborhood with a sandy coastline on the other side of a road.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/02/240214-COASTALCOMMISSION-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sandy path leads from Ocean Beach to the Great Highway and the Sunset District in San Francisco on Feb. 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This study helps to shine a light on what is likely a much larger and more complicated picture,” he said. “Our findings probably understate the true impact that climate change is having on LGBTQ people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new research moves the needle in helping the nation understand who is at risk of climate disasters, UC Irvine sociology professor Michael Méndez said. He previously studied how \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978439/queer-communities-often-left-out-of-disaster-planning-research-shows\">queer communities are often left out\u003c/a> of disaster planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The needle is moving slowly,” Méndez said. “These disasters are not happening in isolation. If an individual is feeling discrimination, or a lack of safety in their home and a disaster happens, they can feel even more vulnerable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what Méndez said the study doesn’t reveal is who the same-sex couples are in terms of race, income and their positions in society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It could’ve gone a little further in terms of highlighting that, just because you’re LGBTQ and you’re in a geographic area that has a higher propensity for climate risks, does not necessarily make you socially vulnerable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Sen. Steve Padilla (D-San Diego) announced SB 990, which would establish best practices for state and local governments when addressing the needs of the LGBTQ community after a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The values we have fought so hard to uphold cannot disappear at the first sight of trouble,” Padilla said in a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Solutions are possible\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The study authors recommend that policymakers, cities and providers ensure that disaster relief is accessible and given without discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1992222","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/GettyImages-2092455726-1020x693.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Solutions could include safe shelters, access to medication and financial aid for displaced LGBTQ people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the study found that LGBTQ people often live in areas with poor infrastructure and lack resources to respond to climate change, the researchers suggest cities expand green spaces and enhance structural resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Policies should focus on mitigating discriminatory housing and urban development practices, making shelters safe spaces for LGBTQ people, and ensuring that relief aid reaches displaced LGBTQ individuals,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers also suggest that state and federal surveys, like the U.S. Census, need to include “measures of sexual orientation and gender identity to increase the scope and granularity of information available on LGBTQ people, including assessments of climate risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992415/same-sex-couples-face-higher-climate-change-risks-new-ucla-study-shows","authors":["11746"],"categories":["science_40"],"tags":["science_194","science_603","science_4417","science_4414","science_5183"],"featImg":"science_1992422","label":"science"},"science_1992401":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992401","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992401","score":null,"sort":[1713481250000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"homeowners-insurance-market-stretched-even-thinner-as-2-more-companies-leave-california","title":"Homeowners Insurance Market Stretched Even Thinner as 2 More Companies Leave California","publishDate":1713481250,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Homeowners Insurance Market Stretched Even Thinner as 2 More Companies Leave California | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Two additional insurance companies are pulling out of California. Tokio Marine America Insurance Co. and Trans Pacific Insurance Co., will not renew their customers’ home insurance policies, the California Department of Insurance confirmed to KQED in an email. The companies will begin mailing customers nonrenewal notices this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared with some high-profile departures, these companies are relatively small, together insuring around 12,000 homeowners. “Given the companies’ minimal market share, we do not expect this to affect the California market as consumers have other options,” Jazmín Ortega, deputy press secretary for the state’s insurance department, wrote to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, their departure could worsen the insurance availability crisis at a time when more than 90% of companies within the admitted California insurance market are either not offering new property insurance or have heavy restrictions. Even among the companies listed in the California Department of Insurance’s \u003ca href=\"https://interactive.web.insurance.ca.gov/apex_extprd/f?p=400:50\">Home Insurance Finder tool\u003c/a>, the majority — about 70% — are not currently offering new plans, according to data gathered by the Susman Insurance Agency and shared with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies did not specify their reasons for withdrawal in filings made with the state’s Department of Insurance as opposed to some, like State Farm and Allstate, which have explicitly cited wildfire risk. Both are subsidiaries of Tokio Marine Holdings, Inc., a Japanese company and plan to get out of both the homeowners and personal umbrella insurance markets. The fact that they’re not renewing personal liability insurance may also indicate their interest in leaving California entirely, as opposed to rebalancing their risk exposure before wading back into the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is bad timing,” broker and insurance expert Karl Susman said. “Because there’s no place for [customers] to go other than the FAIR Plan that is already bloated and overexposed based on what they’re designed for and what they’re financed for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAIR Plan is California’s insurer of last resort, where customers can buy a policy when no other company will offer coverage. It’s expensive insurance and the policies are generally pretty lousy. Its ranks have also swelled enormously in the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The FAIR Plan is getting a thousand applications per 24 hours, which is outrageous to even conceive of,” Susman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11980757,science_1985175,news_11981609\"]The FAIR Plan has more than $300 billion of assets they’re insuring, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfpnet.com/key-statistics-data/\">three times more than it did four years ago\u003c/a>. It has a tiny fraction of that saved in the bank, so in the event of a large-scale disaster, it could become insolvent, which would have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985175/insurance-in-california-is-changing-heres-how-it-may-affect-you\">catastrophic ripple effects\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing of the latest insurance company departure is also bad and confusing to some observers because the state is amid a large overhaul of insurance regulations projected to ease conditions for insurance companies. The state’s insurance department is leading the effort and dubbed it the \u003ca href=\"https://www.insurance.ca.gov/01-consumers/180-climate-change/SustainableInsuranceStrategy.cfm\">Sustainable Insurance Strategy\u003c/a>. The proposed changes, many of which are desired by the insurance industry, are halfway rolled out, with more being announced soon and will go into effect at the end of the year. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0500-legal-info/0300-workshop-insurers/upload/Catastrophe-Modeling-and-Ratemaking-Invitation-to-Workshop.pdf\">next hearing\u003c/a>, on April 23, will consider catastrophe modeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We literally are at the tail end of all of this [instability] before the carriers have the ability to underwrite, price, discount, and do all of those things and are able to come back and start competing again,” Susman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tokio Marine America Insurance Co. and Trans Pacific Insurance Co. together insure around 12,000 homeowners, worsening California's insurance availability crisis.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713549976,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":596},"headData":{"title":"Homeowners Insurance Market Stretched Even Thinner as 2 More Companies Leave California | KQED","description":"Tokio Marine America Insurance Co. and Trans Pacific Insurance Co. together insure around 12,000 homeowners, worsening California's insurance availability crisis.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Homeowners Insurance Market Stretched Even Thinner as 2 More Companies Leave California","datePublished":"2024-04-18T23:00:50.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T18:06:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992401/homeowners-insurance-market-stretched-even-thinner-as-2-more-companies-leave-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two additional insurance companies are pulling out of California. Tokio Marine America Insurance Co. and Trans Pacific Insurance Co., will not renew their customers’ home insurance policies, the California Department of Insurance confirmed to KQED in an email. The companies will begin mailing customers nonrenewal notices this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared with some high-profile departures, these companies are relatively small, together insuring around 12,000 homeowners. “Given the companies’ minimal market share, we do not expect this to affect the California market as consumers have other options,” Jazmín Ortega, deputy press secretary for the state’s insurance department, wrote to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, their departure could worsen the insurance availability crisis at a time when more than 90% of companies within the admitted California insurance market are either not offering new property insurance or have heavy restrictions. Even among the companies listed in the California Department of Insurance’s \u003ca href=\"https://interactive.web.insurance.ca.gov/apex_extprd/f?p=400:50\">Home Insurance Finder tool\u003c/a>, the majority — about 70% — are not currently offering new plans, according to data gathered by the Susman Insurance Agency and shared with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies did not specify their reasons for withdrawal in filings made with the state’s Department of Insurance as opposed to some, like State Farm and Allstate, which have explicitly cited wildfire risk. Both are subsidiaries of Tokio Marine Holdings, Inc., a Japanese company and plan to get out of both the homeowners and personal umbrella insurance markets. The fact that they’re not renewing personal liability insurance may also indicate their interest in leaving California entirely, as opposed to rebalancing their risk exposure before wading back into the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is bad timing,” broker and insurance expert Karl Susman said. “Because there’s no place for [customers] to go other than the FAIR Plan that is already bloated and overexposed based on what they’re designed for and what they’re financed for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAIR Plan is California’s insurer of last resort, where customers can buy a policy when no other company will offer coverage. It’s expensive insurance and the policies are generally pretty lousy. Its ranks have also swelled enormously in the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The FAIR Plan is getting a thousand applications per 24 hours, which is outrageous to even conceive of,” Susman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11980757,science_1985175,news_11981609"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The FAIR Plan has more than $300 billion of assets they’re insuring, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfpnet.com/key-statistics-data/\">three times more than it did four years ago\u003c/a>. It has a tiny fraction of that saved in the bank, so in the event of a large-scale disaster, it could become insolvent, which would have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985175/insurance-in-california-is-changing-heres-how-it-may-affect-you\">catastrophic ripple effects\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing of the latest insurance company departure is also bad and confusing to some observers because the state is amid a large overhaul of insurance regulations projected to ease conditions for insurance companies. The state’s insurance department is leading the effort and dubbed it the \u003ca href=\"https://www.insurance.ca.gov/01-consumers/180-climate-change/SustainableInsuranceStrategy.cfm\">Sustainable Insurance Strategy\u003c/a>. The proposed changes, many of which are desired by the insurance industry, are halfway rolled out, with more being announced soon and will go into effect at the end of the year. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0500-legal-info/0300-workshop-insurers/upload/Catastrophe-Modeling-and-Ratemaking-Invitation-to-Workshop.pdf\">next hearing\u003c/a>, on April 23, will consider catastrophe modeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We literally are at the tail end of all of this [instability] before the carriers have the ability to underwrite, price, discount, and do all of those things and are able to come back and start competing again,” Susman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992401/homeowners-insurance-market-stretched-even-thinner-as-2-more-companies-leave-california","authors":["11088"],"categories":["science_31","science_35","science_40","science_4450","science_3730"],"tags":["science_5275","science_5274","science_3779"],"featImg":"science_1992411","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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