California’s Commercial Salmon Season Is Closed Again This Year
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href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/297147967/ari-daniel\">Ari Daniel\u003c/a>","isLoading":false},"gabriela-quiros":{"type":"authors","id":"6186","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6186","found":true},"name":"Gabriela Quirós","firstName":"Gabriela","lastName":"Quirós","slug":"gabriela-quiros","email":"gquiros@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["science"],"title":"Video Producer and Reporter","bio":"Gabriela Quirós is a \u003cstrong>video producer and the coordinating producer for KQED's web science video series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/deeplook\">Deep Look\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>. 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And her kid, Sierra and husband, Peter.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e8b898539bc6a47f47f94992f0f17948?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mimi Schiffman | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e8b898539bc6a47f47f94992f0f17948?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e8b898539bc6a47f47f94992f0f17948?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mschiffman"},"rtuiran":{"type":"authors","id":"11858","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11858","found":true},"name":"Rosa Tuirán","firstName":"Rosa","lastName":"Tuirán","slug":"rtuiran","email":"rtuiran@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["science"],"title":"Digital Video Producer ","bio":"Rosa Tuirán is a PBS Accelerator Fellow for Diverse Voices and a video producer for KQED's web science video series, Deep Look. Originally from Mexico City, she studied International Relations for her B.A. After graduating, she pursued her passion for underwater photography in South Africa and later worked as a video journalist for BuzzFeed News in New York City.\r\n\r\nIn 2020, she received her Master of Journalism from the University of California, Berkeley with a focus on documentary filmmaking. During the pandemic's early stages, she was a part of the COVID-19 California reporting initiative with The New York Times and the Investigative Reporting Program. \r\n\r\nHer work has been featured on PBS Frontline, PBS NOVA, CBS News, National Geographic, The Guardian and The New York Times.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/192c377dfd982c86993f2351bc0d6fb2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Rosa Tuirán | KQED","description":"Digital Video Producer ","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/192c377dfd982c86993f2351bc0d6fb2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/192c377dfd982c86993f2351bc0d6fb2?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rtuiran"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1992309":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1992309","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1992309","score":null,"sort":[1712801467000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-commercial-salmon-season-is-closed-again-this-year","title":"California’s Commercial Salmon Season Is Closed Again This Year","publishDate":1712801467,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California’s Commercial Salmon Season Is Closed Again This Year | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Not enough salmon will swim up the state’s rivers to spawn this year to make a commercial salmon season viable, the Pacific Fishery Management Council announced late Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The number of fish that could be available for harvest was so small there was risk that we wouldn’t be able to conduct a fishery and stay within our limitations,” Robin Ehlke, a staff officer with the Salmon and Pacific Halibut Pacific Fishery Management Council, told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Matt Juanes, Bay Area fisher\"]‘I’d rather see the fish go back up the river.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second year in a row that the council voted to close the season, which hundreds of commercial fishers and tribes rely on for their livelihoods and food supplies. This year’s scarcity of Chinook salmon is tied to California’s last drought. The fish have a three-year lifecycle, so the returning fish were born when there wasn’t enough water to thrive. The issues threatening the species extend well beyond the recent dry years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We hope the decision gives the benefit to the fish so they can rebuild themselves and be available for fisheries in future years,” Ehlke said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water management decisions have played a significant role in the species’ decline over the years — cutting off the fish from spawning grounds and decreasing the cold water the salmon need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984149/as-klamath-dams-come-down-a-once-in-a-generation-river-restoration-begins\">State leaders unveiled a blueprint to boost salmon populations\u003c/a> in January, including tearing down dams that block salmon from spawning grounds and restoring some river flows. However, scientists and environmental groups argue that the pace of the work is too slow and that some salmon runs may not exist by the time the state completes the projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It comes down to water’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The closing of the salmon season will force Matt Juanes, who docks his green and white 36-foot-long boat, Plumeria, at San Francisco’s Fisherman’s Wharf, to diversify his income this year. Juanes said he will likely lose nearly half his income. “This year is going to be very difficult,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2024/04/10/californias-commercial-salmon-season-is-closed-again-this-year/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1992315\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992315 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man dressed in black jacket and a black beanie stands on a boat surrounded by orange and white boating supplies. The sky behind him is purple and pink\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial salmon fisher Matt Juanes prepares to set sail at Pier 47 in San Francisco on June 7, 2023. With California’s salmon season shut down this year, Juanes is pivoting to fish for crab and using his boat to charter tourists. (Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He’s fished salmon for six years, and the numbers seem to dwindle each season, he said. The closure of the fishery was a gut punch, but he agreed that it was a necessary step for the species to rebound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather see the fish go back up the river,” he said. “It comes down to water. If it had rained, we probably wouldn’t be in this predicament.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought isn’t the only factor contributing to the demise of California’s salmon.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Robert Lusardi, UC Davis wetlands professor\"]‘That’s a beacon of hope for the future, but it has to happen at a faster rate. We need these habitats like yesterday.’[/pullquote]Also to blame is a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/climate-change/epic-2022/impacts-vegetation-and-wildlife/chinook-salmon-abundance#:~:text=California%20Chinook%20salmon%20populations%20are,dramatically%20declined%20in%20recent%20years.\">warming and acidifying ocean\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992122/toxic-dust-threatens-california-salmon-population-lawmaker-seeks-solution\">toxic dust from tires that kills the fish in hours\u003c/a>, dams blocking migration paths, managers diverting water flows for storage and climate-fueled storms complicating river systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all these challenges, \u003ca href=\"https://caltrout.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/SOS-II-Fish-in-Hot-Water-Report.pdf\">the state could lose nearly half of its native salmon and trout species\u003c/a> within 50 years, according to a study co-authored by UC Davis professor Robert Lusardi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lusardi, who studies freshwater ecology and wetlands, said the closure of the salmon season is a direct result of humans’ alteration of the salmon habitat. Nearly 2 million salmon historically swam up rivers within the Central Valley. This year, Lusardi expects just over 200,000 to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have left are small populations that I would argue are not diverse, which means they are incapable of acclimating to changing environments,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We need these habitats like yesterday’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/01/30/governor-newsom-launches-californias-salmon-strategy-for-a-hotter-drier-future/\">Gov. Gavin Newsom outlined his administration’s strategy to restore salmon populations\u003c/a> “amidst hotter and drier weather exacerbated by climate change.” The sprawling plan includes improving salmon migration pathways, tearing down dams that block fish from spawning, updating hatcheries and restoring flows in some waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California — alongside environmental groups, tribes and scientists — has started to restore floodplains where juvenile fish can grow into what conservationists call “\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2018/01/23/a-floating-fillet-rice-farmers-grow-bugs-to-help-restore-californias-salmon/\">floodplain fatties\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2018/01/23/a-floating-fillet-rice-farmers-grow-bugs-to-help-restore-californias-salmon/\">,\u003c/a>” a nickname for the well-fed salmon that feed off bugs in flooded areas. The state is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984149/as-klamath-dams-come-down-a-once-in-a-generation-river-restoration-begins\">removing four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River partly so fish have more room to spawn\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a beacon of hope for the future, but it has to happen at a faster rate,” Lusardi said. “We need these habitats like yesterday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State scientists, including Colin Purdy, environmental program manager for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, are tasked with implementing the governor’s plan. They have a considerable feat ahead of them. While some of the actions outlined in the state’s new blueprint are already underway, Purdy said changing how fisheries operate “takes years of doing pilot studies to flesh out the details” before hatchery managers can reintroduce the fish into habitats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sooner we can get started on that stuff, the better,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State Salmon Association and other groups critiqued the governor’s plan. They argue that while it has some suitable components, California is also pursuing projects — a new reservoir and a 45-mile water tunnel beneath the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta to divert more water south — that could decrease the amount of cold water in rivers where salmon need to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re being distracted by this smoke and mirrors scenario,” said Scott Artis, the association’s executive director. “If we don’t address the water diversions, we’re going to continue to see salmon numbers decline, and we’re going to continue to be in a situation where there are closures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Fishery managers announced a closure of the state’s commercial salmon fishing season for the second year in a row due to low fish populations.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1712857008,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":1066},"headData":{"title":"California’s Commercial Salmon Season Is Closed Again This Year | KQED","description":"Fishery managers announced a closure of the state’s commercial salmon fishing season for the second year in a row due to low fish populations.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Salmon","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1992309/californias-commercial-salmon-season-is-closed-again-this-year","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Not enough salmon will swim up the state’s rivers to spawn this year to make a commercial salmon season viable, the Pacific Fishery Management Council announced late Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The number of fish that could be available for harvest was so small there was risk that we wouldn’t be able to conduct a fishery and stay within our limitations,” Robin Ehlke, a staff officer with the Salmon and Pacific Halibut Pacific Fishery Management Council, told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I’d rather see the fish go back up the river.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Matt Juanes, Bay Area fisher","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second year in a row that the council voted to close the season, which hundreds of commercial fishers and tribes rely on for their livelihoods and food supplies. This year’s scarcity of Chinook salmon is tied to California’s last drought. The fish have a three-year lifecycle, so the returning fish were born when there wasn’t enough water to thrive. The issues threatening the species extend well beyond the recent dry years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We hope the decision gives the benefit to the fish so they can rebuild themselves and be available for fisheries in future years,” Ehlke said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water management decisions have played a significant role in the species’ decline over the years — cutting off the fish from spawning grounds and decreasing the cold water the salmon need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984149/as-klamath-dams-come-down-a-once-in-a-generation-river-restoration-begins\">State leaders unveiled a blueprint to boost salmon populations\u003c/a> in January, including tearing down dams that block salmon from spawning grounds and restoring some river flows. However, scientists and environmental groups argue that the pace of the work is too slow and that some salmon runs may not exist by the time the state completes the projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It comes down to water’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The closing of the salmon season will force Matt Juanes, who docks his green and white 36-foot-long boat, Plumeria, at San Francisco’s Fisherman’s Wharf, to diversify his income this year. Juanes said he will likely lose nearly half his income. “This year is going to be very difficult,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2024/04/10/californias-commercial-salmon-season-is-closed-again-this-year/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1992315\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992315 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man dressed in black jacket and a black beanie stands on a boat surrounded by orange and white boating supplies. The sky behind him is purple and pink\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/04/230607-salmon-closures-02-ks_qut-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial salmon fisher Matt Juanes prepares to set sail at Pier 47 in San Francisco on June 7, 2023. With California’s salmon season shut down this year, Juanes is pivoting to fish for crab and using his boat to charter tourists. (Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He’s fished salmon for six years, and the numbers seem to dwindle each season, he said. The closure of the fishery was a gut punch, but he agreed that it was a necessary step for the species to rebound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather see the fish go back up the river,” he said. “It comes down to water. If it had rained, we probably wouldn’t be in this predicament.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought isn’t the only factor contributing to the demise of California’s salmon.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘That’s a beacon of hope for the future, but it has to happen at a faster rate. We need these habitats like yesterday.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Robert Lusardi, UC Davis wetlands professor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Also to blame is a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/climate-change/epic-2022/impacts-vegetation-and-wildlife/chinook-salmon-abundance#:~:text=California%20Chinook%20salmon%20populations%20are,dramatically%20declined%20in%20recent%20years.\">warming and acidifying ocean\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992122/toxic-dust-threatens-california-salmon-population-lawmaker-seeks-solution\">toxic dust from tires that kills the fish in hours\u003c/a>, dams blocking migration paths, managers diverting water flows for storage and climate-fueled storms complicating river systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all these challenges, \u003ca href=\"https://caltrout.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/SOS-II-Fish-in-Hot-Water-Report.pdf\">the state could lose nearly half of its native salmon and trout species\u003c/a> within 50 years, according to a study co-authored by UC Davis professor Robert Lusardi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lusardi, who studies freshwater ecology and wetlands, said the closure of the salmon season is a direct result of humans’ alteration of the salmon habitat. Nearly 2 million salmon historically swam up rivers within the Central Valley. This year, Lusardi expects just over 200,000 to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have left are small populations that I would argue are not diverse, which means they are incapable of acclimating to changing environments,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We need these habitats like yesterday’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/01/30/governor-newsom-launches-californias-salmon-strategy-for-a-hotter-drier-future/\">Gov. Gavin Newsom outlined his administration’s strategy to restore salmon populations\u003c/a> “amidst hotter and drier weather exacerbated by climate change.” The sprawling plan includes improving salmon migration pathways, tearing down dams that block fish from spawning, updating hatcheries and restoring flows in some waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California — alongside environmental groups, tribes and scientists — has started to restore floodplains where juvenile fish can grow into what conservationists call “\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2018/01/23/a-floating-fillet-rice-farmers-grow-bugs-to-help-restore-californias-salmon/\">floodplain fatties\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2018/01/23/a-floating-fillet-rice-farmers-grow-bugs-to-help-restore-californias-salmon/\">,\u003c/a>” a nickname for the well-fed salmon that feed off bugs in flooded areas. The state is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984149/as-klamath-dams-come-down-a-once-in-a-generation-river-restoration-begins\">removing four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River partly so fish have more room to spawn\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a beacon of hope for the future, but it has to happen at a faster rate,” Lusardi said. “We need these habitats like yesterday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State scientists, including Colin Purdy, environmental program manager for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, are tasked with implementing the governor’s plan. They have a considerable feat ahead of them. While some of the actions outlined in the state’s new blueprint are already underway, Purdy said changing how fisheries operate “takes years of doing pilot studies to flesh out the details” before hatchery managers can reintroduce the fish into habitats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sooner we can get started on that stuff, the better,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State Salmon Association and other groups critiqued the governor’s plan. They argue that while it has some suitable components, California is also pursuing projects — a new reservoir and a 45-mile water tunnel beneath the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta to divert more water south — that could decrease the amount of cold water in rivers where salmon need to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re being distracted by this smoke and mirrors scenario,” said Scott Artis, the association’s executive director. “If we don’t address the water diversions, we’re going to continue to see salmon numbers decline, and we’re going to continue to be in a situation where there are closures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1992309/californias-commercial-salmon-season-is-closed-again-this-year","authors":["11746"],"categories":["science_2874","science_31","science_35","science_36","science_4550","science_40","science_2873","science_4450","science_98"],"tags":["science_572","science_4417","science_4414","science_804"],"featImg":"science_1992343","label":"source_science_1992309"},"science_1991736":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991736","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991736","score":null,"sort":[1711468825000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"these-solar-powered-carnivorous-flatworms-divide-and-conquer","title":"These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer","publishDate":1711468825,"format":"video","headTitle":"These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They’re referred to as “plant-animals” because they’ve got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel’s real superpower is its ability to regenerate any part of their body!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those aren’t cornflakes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms, called acoels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not just an animal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also kind of a plant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re practically immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t just lay around sunbathing all day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels are also skilled hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, they don’t have a butt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you wouldn’t want to kiss one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t just hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These acoels are gardeners, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See those green dots? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are algae. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those reddish cells belong to the acoel itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think they share those sugars with their host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the acoel provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the acoel protects its house guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think the acoels pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So predators tend to leave them alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without its algae, the acoel would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists call a creature like this a holobiont, a single being made up of two or more completely different species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, a solar-powered predator. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not even the weirdest thing about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying acoels, because of how they regenerate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to do that …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll be OK, I promise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think getting cut in half would be a bad thing, but within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, it’ll have a whole new tail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the back side?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t just make a new head. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes two!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to share one body with two heads. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each half eventually pulls away from the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where there was once one acoel, now there are three!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t need the researcher’s scalpel; acoels can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acoel and their algae can multiply themselves like this over and over indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels can do this because they’re packed with stem cells which morph into any body part the acoel needs to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since they can’t hunt until they grow new heads, they’re extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these desperate times, the acoels even eat some of their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sorry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every relationship has its challenges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the acoel and its algae have a deal: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking advantage of each one’s abilities, they’re greater than the sum of their parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. It’s Laura.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guess who else could be considered a holobiont? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion and even mood!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if you want to keep Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you’ll get a fabulous Deep Look pint glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t make these videos without you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon now. Link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They're referred to as “plant-animals'' because they've got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel's real superpower is their ability to regenerate any part of their body!","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1711389853,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":64,"wordCount":701},"headData":{"title":"These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | KQED","description":"Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They're referred to as “plant-animals'' because they've got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel's real superpower is their ability to regenerate any part of their body!","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/Tc49xi1ZjTc","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991736/these-solar-powered-carnivorous-flatworms-divide-and-conquer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They’re referred to as “plant-animals” because they’ve got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel’s real superpower is its ability to regenerate any part of their body!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those aren’t cornflakes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms, called acoels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not just an animal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also kind of a plant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re practically immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t just lay around sunbathing all day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels are also skilled hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, they don’t have a butt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you wouldn’t want to kiss one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t just hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These acoels are gardeners, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See those green dots? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are algae. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those reddish cells belong to the acoel itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think they share those sugars with their host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the acoel provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the acoel protects its house guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think the acoels pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So predators tend to leave them alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without its algae, the acoel would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists call a creature like this a holobiont, a single being made up of two or more completely different species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, a solar-powered predator. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not even the weirdest thing about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying acoels, because of how they regenerate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to do that …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll be OK, I promise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think getting cut in half would be a bad thing, but within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, it’ll have a whole new tail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the back side?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t just make a new head. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes two!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to share one body with two heads. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each half eventually pulls away from the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where there was once one acoel, now there are three!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t need the researcher’s scalpel; acoels can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acoel and their algae can multiply themselves like this over and over indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels can do this because they’re packed with stem cells which morph into any body part the acoel needs to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since they can’t hunt until they grow new heads, they’re extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these desperate times, the acoels even eat some of their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sorry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every relationship has its challenges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the acoel and its algae have a deal: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking advantage of each one’s abilities, they’re greater than the sum of their parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. It’s Laura.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guess who else could be considered a holobiont? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion and even mood!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if you want to keep Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you’ll get a fabulous Deep Look pint glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t make these videos without you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon now. Link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991736/these-solar-powered-carnivorous-flatworms-divide-and-conquer","authors":["6219"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_2873","science_4450","science_86"],"featImg":"science_1992070","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991709":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991709","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991709","score":null,"sort":[1709899248000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-best-places-to-go-tide-pooling-in-the-bay-area","title":"The Best Places to Go Tide Pooling in the Bay Area","publishDate":1709899248,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Best Places to Go Tide Pooling in the Bay Area | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>If you love discovering the Bay Area’s beautiful coastline, then tide pooling — exploring the tiny basins of seawater and marine life that stud the shore — is one of the most enjoyable things to do out in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea stars, mussels, barnacles, seaweed, urchins, hermit crabs and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/nudibranchs-1\">nudibranchs\u003c/a> are just a few examples of the many inhabitants hanging out in Bay Area tide pools. The best way to see tide pools — these little pockets of seawater in the ocean’s \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/intertidal-zone.html\">intertidal zones\u003c/a> where the ocean meets the land — is during low tide. This is when some of the most fascinating marine wildlife becomes visible to those who pay close attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about tide pooling in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tidepool\">\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: The best places for tide pooling\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Intertidal zones are home to ‘the most beautiful organisms’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/intertidal-zone/\">The intertidal zone, where the ocean meets the land, is an extreme ecosystem that experiences drastic changes. Organisms living in these places are exposed to air during low tides and submerged in seawater during high tides.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, marine life living in the intertidal zone are usually hardy and tough, which is great for them given how regularly they’re exposed to rough weather conditions, said Allison Gong, marine biologist and biology teacher at Cabrillo College in Aptos. “They are also some of the most beautiful and extraordinary organisms we have on the planet,” she added.[aside postID='science_1985496,science_1983841,science_1602625' label='Related coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While seeing marine creatures out in the wild is a rewarding experience on its own, tide pooling is also a great way to learn about our local environment. “It’s a way to understand the connection between global phenomena like climate change and atmospheric rivers and how they impact the environment,” said Sarah Cohen, professor of biology at San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going out tide pooling, remember to always be respectful of the ocean and its inhabitants. When you go tide pooling, you are actually temporarily invading these creatures’ homes, Gong said. “The marine animals did not evolve to have people stepping on them or prying them off of rocks,” Gong said. “Visiting the tide pools is a privilege. We need to be nice visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to start tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tides occur during the rise and fall of the ocean’s waters, caused by \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/moon/tides/\">the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on Earth\u003c/a>. “It’s a beautiful cycle,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because you want to go tide pooling at the right time — low tide — Cohen said you should plan to be at your desired location an hour before the low tide arrives. This will ensure that you have enough time to get your bearings, plan your visit and enjoy the tide pools before the sea fills back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991714\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/gravity-and-bulges.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Moon and Earth exert a gravitational pull on each other. On Earth, the Moon’s gravitational pull causes the oceans to bulge out on both the side closest to the Moon and the side farthest from the Moon. These bulges create high tides. The low points are where low tides occur. \u003ccite>(NASA/Vi Nguyen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For an optimal experience, look for low tides between -1.0 feet and -1.4 feet on tide charts like \u003ca href=\"https://www.saltwatertides.com/\">Saltwater Tides\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/tide_predictions.html\">NOAA Tide Predictions.\u003c/a> And remember, as the days get shorter during the year, the low tides occur later in the day. For example, you’ll find that in the summer, low tides are much earlier than in the winter. So “if you are not an early riser, I recommend making it out to the tide pools in November to April,” said Alison Young, co-director of the Center for Biodiversity and Community Science at the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe while tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991726\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1991726\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469.jpg 1414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1365x2048.jpg 1365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image of a tide pool on California coast filled with vibrant green sea anemone. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Klein/iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coast is a beautiful place, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978061/after-their-son-was-swept-into-the-ocean-this-fremont-family-turned-their-grief-into-advocacy\">the ocean can always be dangerous\u003c/a> — even on a calm day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget to check with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">National Weather Service’s Bay Area office\u003c/a> for swells, surf warnings, and beach flooding warnings before heading out for your tide pool adventure. For safety reasons, it’s also best to avoid tide pooling during storms and high winds and never keep your back to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marine biologist Gong recommended bringing a friend when you’re out tide pooling, especially if it’s your first time. “It’s also more fun to share your discoveries with other people,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the coast, you can find organisms attached to rocks or living in the pools that they form. These rocks along Bay Area’’s tide pools can be wet and slick from the surging waves and algae growth, so appropriate footwear like rubber boots with treads can help you from slipping and falling, Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to keep wildlife safe when tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While it might be highly tempting to touch the marine creatures, you should always be careful not to harm them. The organisms inhabiting these tide pools are delicate and vulnerable; even a gentle touch or wrong step, however well-intentioned, could disrupt their ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea stars and sea urchins, for example, have a very thin layer of skin over their entire bodies, including their spines. “When you put your hands all over them, you’re kind of smothering them,” SFSU’s Cohen said. They can’t breathe because they breathe through that skin. What’s more, oils and moisturizers that might be on your hands could irritate them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991710\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2124px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991710\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560.jpg\" alt=\"A yellow star fish is seen inside a tide pool against rocks covered in seaweed.\" width=\"2124\" height=\"1411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560.jpg 2124w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2124px) 100vw, 2124px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Close-up of starfish in Pacific Coast tide pool. Taken at Santa Cruz, California. \u003ccite>(GomezDavid/iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not only are sea stars delicate creatures, but they have also experienced a massive die-off in 2013 due to \u003ca href=\"https://marine.ucsc.edu/data-products/sea-star-wasting/\">“sea star wasting syndrome” (SSWS)\u003c/a>. “Sea stars on our coast have suffered a very large disease event, the largest ever documented in the marine realm,” Cohen said. Some sea star populations are decimated or even locally extinct — which is why it’s especially important to be careful around this particular species, Cohen said. Even if you see a location that seems to have a lot of sea stars, know that their former populations were much greater — and they have an important role in marine ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general advice is to admire from afar, take pictures, upload them on \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">the iNaturalist app\u003c/a>, and learn more about the species you see in the intertidal. By adding data on iNaturalist, you’re helping scientists and marine biologists to get a snapshot of coastal biodiversity year over year to see how species are moving with warmer waters up the coast, Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another rule of thumb when tide pooling is not to take anything home with you, especially if they are still alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tidepool\">\u003c/a>The best places to go tide pooling in or near the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During low tides, you can enjoy tide pooling anywhere along the rocky areas of the Bay Area coast. Be sure to check the location’s website for the latest information on weather and beach conditions before heading out. To be with others and learn about the intertidal zone in the summer, you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/calcoast\">join a BioBlitz organized by the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the more popular tide pooling destinations in and near the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/china-beach\">China Beach\u003c/a> between Land’s End and Baker Beach\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/ocean-beach\">Ocean Beach\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>North Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/448/files/SaltPointKruseWebBrochure2010.pdf\">Salt Point State Park, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bodegabay.com/tide-pools/exploring-the-tide-pools-of-the-sonoma-coast/\">Bodega Bay, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/thingstodo/point-reyes-tidepooling.htm\">Sculptured Beach and Duxbury Reef, Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/visit/find-a-park/shell-beach-coastal-access-trail\">Shell Beach, Sonoma Coast State Park, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/palomarin-beach-trail\">Palomarin Beach, Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/crown-beach\">Crown Memorial State Beach, Alameda County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/recreation/swimming/keller-beach\">Keller Beach in Richmond, Contra Costa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Peninsula\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=524\">Pacifica State Beach, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=533%20\">Pigeon Point Lighthouse, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/pillar-point-bluff\">Pillar Point Bluff, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Others near the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach, Santa Cruz\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.californiabeaches.com/beach/davenport-landing-beach/\">Davenport Landing Beach, Davenport\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=566\">Asilomar State Beach, Monterey\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=571\">Point Lobos State Reserve, Monterey\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=589\">William Randolph Hearst Memorial Beach, San Luis Obispo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=590\">Leffingwell Landing Day Use Area, Hearst San Simeon State Park. San Luis Obispo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=436\">Mackerricher State Park, Mendocino\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The best places to go tide pooling in the Bay Area, with ways to make sure you keep our wildlife (and yourself) safe.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1709915560,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1420},"headData":{"title":"The Best Places to Go Tide Pooling in the Bay Area | KQED","description":"The best places to go tide pooling in the Bay Area, with ways to make sure you keep our wildlife (and yourself) safe.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991709/the-best-places-to-go-tide-pooling-in-the-bay-area","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you love discovering the Bay Area’s beautiful coastline, then tide pooling — exploring the tiny basins of seawater and marine life that stud the shore — is one of the most enjoyable things to do out in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea stars, mussels, barnacles, seaweed, urchins, hermit crabs and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/nudibranchs-1\">nudibranchs\u003c/a> are just a few examples of the many inhabitants hanging out in Bay Area tide pools. The best way to see tide pools — these little pockets of seawater in the ocean’s \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/intertidal-zone.html\">intertidal zones\u003c/a> where the ocean meets the land — is during low tide. This is when some of the most fascinating marine wildlife becomes visible to those who pay close attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about tide pooling in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tidepool\">\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: The best places for tide pooling\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Intertidal zones are home to ‘the most beautiful organisms’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/intertidal-zone/\">The intertidal zone, where the ocean meets the land, is an extreme ecosystem that experiences drastic changes. Organisms living in these places are exposed to air during low tides and submerged in seawater during high tides.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, marine life living in the intertidal zone are usually hardy and tough, which is great for them given how regularly they’re exposed to rough weather conditions, said Allison Gong, marine biologist and biology teacher at Cabrillo College in Aptos. “They are also some of the most beautiful and extraordinary organisms we have on the planet,” she added.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1985496,science_1983841,science_1602625","label":"Related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While seeing marine creatures out in the wild is a rewarding experience on its own, tide pooling is also a great way to learn about our local environment. “It’s a way to understand the connection between global phenomena like climate change and atmospheric rivers and how they impact the environment,” said Sarah Cohen, professor of biology at San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going out tide pooling, remember to always be respectful of the ocean and its inhabitants. When you go tide pooling, you are actually temporarily invading these creatures’ homes, Gong said. “The marine animals did not evolve to have people stepping on them or prying them off of rocks,” Gong said. “Visiting the tide pools is a privilege. We need to be nice visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to start tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tides occur during the rise and fall of the ocean’s waters, caused by \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/moon/tides/\">the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on Earth\u003c/a>. “It’s a beautiful cycle,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because you want to go tide pooling at the right time — low tide — Cohen said you should plan to be at your desired location an hour before the low tide arrives. This will ensure that you have enough time to get your bearings, plan your visit and enjoy the tide pools before the sea fills back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991714\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/gravity-and-bulges.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Moon and Earth exert a gravitational pull on each other. On Earth, the Moon’s gravitational pull causes the oceans to bulge out on both the side closest to the Moon and the side farthest from the Moon. These bulges create high tides. The low points are where low tides occur. \u003ccite>(NASA/Vi Nguyen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For an optimal experience, look for low tides between -1.0 feet and -1.4 feet on tide charts like \u003ca href=\"https://www.saltwatertides.com/\">Saltwater Tides\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/tide_predictions.html\">NOAA Tide Predictions.\u003c/a> And remember, as the days get shorter during the year, the low tides occur later in the day. For example, you’ll find that in the summer, low tides are much earlier than in the winter. So “if you are not an early riser, I recommend making it out to the tide pools in November to April,” said Alison Young, co-director of the Center for Biodiversity and Community Science at the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe while tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991726\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1991726\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469.jpg 1414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-1491052469-1365x2048.jpg 1365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image of a tide pool on California coast filled with vibrant green sea anemone. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Klein/iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coast is a beautiful place, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978061/after-their-son-was-swept-into-the-ocean-this-fremont-family-turned-their-grief-into-advocacy\">the ocean can always be dangerous\u003c/a> — even on a calm day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget to check with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">National Weather Service’s Bay Area office\u003c/a> for swells, surf warnings, and beach flooding warnings before heading out for your tide pool adventure. For safety reasons, it’s also best to avoid tide pooling during storms and high winds and never keep your back to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marine biologist Gong recommended bringing a friend when you’re out tide pooling, especially if it’s your first time. “It’s also more fun to share your discoveries with other people,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the coast, you can find organisms attached to rocks or living in the pools that they form. These rocks along Bay Area’’s tide pools can be wet and slick from the surging waves and algae growth, so appropriate footwear like rubber boots with treads can help you from slipping and falling, Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to keep wildlife safe when tide pooling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While it might be highly tempting to touch the marine creatures, you should always be careful not to harm them. The organisms inhabiting these tide pools are delicate and vulnerable; even a gentle touch or wrong step, however well-intentioned, could disrupt their ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea stars and sea urchins, for example, have a very thin layer of skin over their entire bodies, including their spines. “When you put your hands all over them, you’re kind of smothering them,” SFSU’s Cohen said. They can’t breathe because they breathe through that skin. What’s more, oils and moisturizers that might be on your hands could irritate them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991710\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2124px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991710\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560.jpg\" alt=\"A yellow star fish is seen inside a tide pool against rocks covered in seaweed.\" width=\"2124\" height=\"1411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560.jpg 2124w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/iStock-184909560-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2124px) 100vw, 2124px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Close-up of starfish in Pacific Coast tide pool. Taken at Santa Cruz, California. \u003ccite>(GomezDavid/iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not only are sea stars delicate creatures, but they have also experienced a massive die-off in 2013 due to \u003ca href=\"https://marine.ucsc.edu/data-products/sea-star-wasting/\">“sea star wasting syndrome” (SSWS)\u003c/a>. “Sea stars on our coast have suffered a very large disease event, the largest ever documented in the marine realm,” Cohen said. Some sea star populations are decimated or even locally extinct — which is why it’s especially important to be careful around this particular species, Cohen said. Even if you see a location that seems to have a lot of sea stars, know that their former populations were much greater — and they have an important role in marine ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general advice is to admire from afar, take pictures, upload them on \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">the iNaturalist app\u003c/a>, and learn more about the species you see in the intertidal. By adding data on iNaturalist, you’re helping scientists and marine biologists to get a snapshot of coastal biodiversity year over year to see how species are moving with warmer waters up the coast, Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another rule of thumb when tide pooling is not to take anything home with you, especially if they are still alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tidepool\">\u003c/a>The best places to go tide pooling in or near the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During low tides, you can enjoy tide pooling anywhere along the rocky areas of the Bay Area coast. Be sure to check the location’s website for the latest information on weather and beach conditions before heading out. To be with others and learn about the intertidal zone in the summer, you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/calcoast\">join a BioBlitz organized by the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the more popular tide pooling destinations in and near the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/china-beach\">China Beach\u003c/a> between Land’s End and Baker Beach\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/ocean-beach\">Ocean Beach\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>North Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/448/files/SaltPointKruseWebBrochure2010.pdf\">Salt Point State Park, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bodegabay.com/tide-pools/exploring-the-tide-pools-of-the-sonoma-coast/\">Bodega Bay, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/thingstodo/point-reyes-tidepooling.htm\">Sculptured Beach and Duxbury Reef, Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/visit/find-a-park/shell-beach-coastal-access-trail\">Shell Beach, Sonoma Coast State Park, Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/palomarin-beach-trail\">Palomarin Beach, Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/crown-beach\">Crown Memorial State Beach, Alameda County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/recreation/swimming/keller-beach\">Keller Beach in Richmond, Contra Costa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Peninsula\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=524\">Pacifica State Beach, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=533%20\">Pigeon Point Lighthouse, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/pillar-point-bluff\">Pillar Point Bluff, San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Others near the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach, Santa Cruz\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.californiabeaches.com/beach/davenport-landing-beach/\">Davenport Landing Beach, Davenport\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=566\">Asilomar State Beach, Monterey\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=571\">Point Lobos State Reserve, Monterey\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=589\">William Randolph Hearst Memorial Beach, San Luis Obispo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=590\">Leffingwell Landing Day Use Area, Hearst San Simeon State Park. San Luis Obispo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=436\">Mackerricher State Park, Mendocino\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991709/the-best-places-to-go-tide-pooling-in-the-bay-area","authors":["11631"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4992","science_4417","science_2549","science_2409","science_2688","science_179","science_324","science_1155"],"featImg":"science_1991712","label":"science"},"science_1991514":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991514","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991514","score":null,"sort":[1709049555000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","title":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing","publishDate":1709049555,"format":"video","headTitle":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: how do you move it all out? They’ve perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Not a cloud in the sky. So how is it raining under this grapevine?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not rain … that’s pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes from this insect, a sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And flinging pee rapid-fire like this is crucial to its survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter gets all its nutrition from the thin, watery liquid inside a plant, called xylem sap, which it sucks out with this tube-shaped stylet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the brilliant blue adults and their translucent nymphs feed on the sap in grapevines and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sap has so little nutrition that sharpshooters need to guzzle nonstop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consume more than 300 times their body weight a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’d be like you downing over 80 bathtubs of cucumber water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yummmmmm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter uses massive muscles in its head to suck out the liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking all that liquid in presents a problem – how to move it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re this small, gravity won’t just roll this effluent away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, surface tension makes the drops stick to the sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gah!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it can’t remove those drops, the sharpshooter could get sick … or rot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, best to send that pee flying away as fast as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the sharpshooter has evolved the perfect tool for the job: an anal stylus – or butt flicker, if you will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the pee flows out of the sharpshooter, it accumulates. When enough of it collects, kapow! The flicker catapults the drop away with tremendous power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They even do it while doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s something incredible: Each drop of pee actually travels faster than the speed at which the butt flicker launched it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called superpropulsion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists at Georgia Tech filmed sharpshooters peeing in slo-mo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers noticed that after the sharpshooter forms a pee droplet, it gets compressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like what happens to a water balloon that hits the ground and flattens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A force builds in that compression, which then springs the balloon back into shape and away from the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same goes for the drop of pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It picks up speed as it returns to its orb shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why would researchers want to study insect urination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learning how sharpshooters eject liquid could help our own tiny devices do the same and be more reliable. Things like hearing aids or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has something they’re good at, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter, it’s a whiz at whizzing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Look! It’s Laura. Check out our recent weevil episode, these furry insects with stupendous snoots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a related note – it’s un-beweevilby expensive to produce our videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve got a big team and it takes a lot to make each one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So join our Patreon today and help us out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll get access to exclusive show updates, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link below and support us today! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: How do they move it all out? Easy. They've perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1709058164,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":552},"headData":{"title":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing | KQED","description":"Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: How do they move it all out? Easy. They've perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/AWLIlc-IRK4?si=JTrc9OUP7U2wahBD","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991514/sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: how do you move it all out? They’ve perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Not a cloud in the sky. So how is it raining under this grapevine?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not rain … that’s pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes from this insect, a sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And flinging pee rapid-fire like this is crucial to its survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter gets all its nutrition from the thin, watery liquid inside a plant, called xylem sap, which it sucks out with this tube-shaped stylet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the brilliant blue adults and their translucent nymphs feed on the sap in grapevines and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sap has so little nutrition that sharpshooters need to guzzle nonstop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consume more than 300 times their body weight a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’d be like you downing over 80 bathtubs of cucumber water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yummmmmm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter uses massive muscles in its head to suck out the liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking all that liquid in presents a problem – how to move it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re this small, gravity won’t just roll this effluent away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, surface tension makes the drops stick to the sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gah!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it can’t remove those drops, the sharpshooter could get sick … or rot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, best to send that pee flying away as fast as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the sharpshooter has evolved the perfect tool for the job: an anal stylus – or butt flicker, if you will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the pee flows out of the sharpshooter, it accumulates. When enough of it collects, kapow! The flicker catapults the drop away with tremendous power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They even do it while doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s something incredible: Each drop of pee actually travels faster than the speed at which the butt flicker launched it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called superpropulsion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists at Georgia Tech filmed sharpshooters peeing in slo-mo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers noticed that after the sharpshooter forms a pee droplet, it gets compressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like what happens to a water balloon that hits the ground and flattens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A force builds in that compression, which then springs the balloon back into shape and away from the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same goes for the drop of pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It picks up speed as it returns to its orb shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why would researchers want to study insect urination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learning how sharpshooters eject liquid could help our own tiny devices do the same and be more reliable. Things like hearing aids or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has something they’re good at, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter, it’s a whiz at whizzing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Look! It’s Laura. Check out our recent weevil episode, these furry insects with stupendous snoots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a related note – it’s un-beweevilby expensive to produce our videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve got a big team and it takes a lot to make each one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So join our Patreon today and help us out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll get access to exclusive show updates, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link below and support us today! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991514/sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","authors":["11833"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970"],"featImg":"science_1991544","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991266":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991266","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991266","score":null,"sort":[1707233746000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","title":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky","publishDate":1707233746,"format":"video","headTitle":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater “snowstorm” occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, something astounding happens at Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. It lasts barely half an hour. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you jumped into the water at this very moment, it’d be like swimming through a snow globe, hundreds of kilometers across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these “snowflakes” are actually packets of eggs and sperm of coral. Corals might look like colorful rocks or undersea gardens, but they’re actually animals. A coral is a colony of hundreds of thousands of tiny individual animals called polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more about coral and the work of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/about-us/major-initiatives/hope-for-reefs-phase-ii/coral-regeneration-lab-corl/\">Coral Regeneration Lab\u003c/a> at the California Academy of Sciences, where researchers are successfully breeding coral with the hope of regenerating reefs around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these flower-shaped polyps has a mouth and tentacles. Polyps secrete calcium carbonate that creates their skeleton. It gives them structure and anchors them to a rock or the seafloor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they can’t move to find a partner and mix up the gene pool, most warm-water corals practice “broadcast spawning.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with such a short window to meet up, they have to sync it just right. The warming summer waters cue the right month. The light from a waning moon cues the right day, and the setting sun cues the exact minute. Good luck out there!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bundles contain the coral’s gametes — its sperm and eggs. But the gametes don’t mix in there. The bundles float to the surface and burst open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperm search out a new egg. Only one of these guys will get in. Look familiar? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once fertilized, it starts dividing and transforms into this adventurous larva called a planula. The planula swims through the sea, searching for a place to settle down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chemical and light sensors on its backside guide the planula to the perfect spot. It wants what we want: a stable foundation, plenty of sunlight, and room to grow. The planula cements itself into place and morphs into a polyp. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it grows, it absorbs algae called zooxanthellae from the surrounding water. See these green dots? They live inside the polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The algae give the coral nutrition and its brilliant colors. Then something curious happens: The polyp clones itself. It grows copies right out of its side, that then bud their own clones. Through broadcast spawning and cloning, corals create the massive reefs we’re familiar with. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reefs are in danger, and that’s not just a problem for the corals.They’re vital ecosystems that provide food and shelter for a quarter of marine life, like fish, crustaceans and sea turtles. Climate change is the main culprit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When ocean waters warm up too much, stressed polyps expel their colorful and nutritious algae. This is coral bleaching. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When reefs die and spawning season comes, it’s harder and harder for the eggs and sperm to find each other. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco have replicated the delicate spawning conditions in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lights mimic moon cycles, and heaters simulate the change of seasons. Their goal is to discover the best ways to grow corals, so more scientists can help restore them to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underwater blizzard is a thing of beauty, even more so when you consider how this snowstorm can replenish a delicate and threatened ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surfshark VPN is a virtual private network designed to keep your online identity safe by encrypting all of the information sent between your device and the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using a VPN when on public Wi-Fi can help provide safety while surfing the internet, as well as working from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of online services use sophisticated targeting and tracking services, but a VPN can provide protection from that. Surfshark’s CleanWeb feature is built to block ads, trackers, malware and phishing attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you do a lot of international traveling, Surfshark allows clients to change their virtual location. It has over 3,200 servers in more than 100 countries, designed to help make sure you can access your home country’s features while traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more, click the link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi – Laura here. Want exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, merch and more? Support us on Patreon so we can keep making more videos for you! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater \"snowstorm\" occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle, by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once. \r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1707261979,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":796},"headData":{"title":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky | KQED","description":"When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater "snowstorm" occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle, by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once. \r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SP3nKAqLy4E","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991266/to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater “snowstorm” occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, something astounding happens at Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. It lasts barely half an hour. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you jumped into the water at this very moment, it’d be like swimming through a snow globe, hundreds of kilometers across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these “snowflakes” are actually packets of eggs and sperm of coral. Corals might look like colorful rocks or undersea gardens, but they’re actually animals. A coral is a colony of hundreds of thousands of tiny individual animals called polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more about coral and the work of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/about-us/major-initiatives/hope-for-reefs-phase-ii/coral-regeneration-lab-corl/\">Coral Regeneration Lab\u003c/a> at the California Academy of Sciences, where researchers are successfully breeding coral with the hope of regenerating reefs around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these flower-shaped polyps has a mouth and tentacles. Polyps secrete calcium carbonate that creates their skeleton. It gives them structure and anchors them to a rock or the seafloor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they can’t move to find a partner and mix up the gene pool, most warm-water corals practice “broadcast spawning.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with such a short window to meet up, they have to sync it just right. The warming summer waters cue the right month. The light from a waning moon cues the right day, and the setting sun cues the exact minute. Good luck out there!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bundles contain the coral’s gametes — its sperm and eggs. But the gametes don’t mix in there. The bundles float to the surface and burst open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperm search out a new egg. Only one of these guys will get in. Look familiar? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once fertilized, it starts dividing and transforms into this adventurous larva called a planula. The planula swims through the sea, searching for a place to settle down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chemical and light sensors on its backside guide the planula to the perfect spot. It wants what we want: a stable foundation, plenty of sunlight, and room to grow. The planula cements itself into place and morphs into a polyp. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it grows, it absorbs algae called zooxanthellae from the surrounding water. See these green dots? They live inside the polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The algae give the coral nutrition and its brilliant colors. Then something curious happens: The polyp clones itself. It grows copies right out of its side, that then bud their own clones. Through broadcast spawning and cloning, corals create the massive reefs we’re familiar with. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reefs are in danger, and that’s not just a problem for the corals.They’re vital ecosystems that provide food and shelter for a quarter of marine life, like fish, crustaceans and sea turtles. Climate change is the main culprit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When ocean waters warm up too much, stressed polyps expel their colorful and nutritious algae. This is coral bleaching. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When reefs die and spawning season comes, it’s harder and harder for the eggs and sperm to find each other. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco have replicated the delicate spawning conditions in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lights mimic moon cycles, and heaters simulate the change of seasons. Their goal is to discover the best ways to grow corals, so more scientists can help restore them to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underwater blizzard is a thing of beauty, even more so when you consider how this snowstorm can replenish a delicate and threatened ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surfshark VPN is a virtual private network designed to keep your online identity safe by encrypting all of the information sent between your device and the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using a VPN when on public Wi-Fi can help provide safety while surfing the internet, as well as working from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of online services use sophisticated targeting and tracking services, but a VPN can provide protection from that. Surfshark’s CleanWeb feature is built to block ads, trackers, malware and phishing attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you do a lot of international traveling, Surfshark allows clients to change their virtual location. It has over 3,200 servers in more than 100 countries, designed to help make sure you can access your home country’s features while traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more, click the link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi – Laura here. Want exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, merch and more? Support us on Patreon so we can keep making more videos for you! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991266/to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","authors":["11858"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_31","science_32","science_35","science_2873","science_4450","science_86","science_98"],"tags":["science_1003","science_5234","science_5233","science_5232","science_4414","science_843"],"featImg":"science_1991267","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991212":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991212","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991212","score":null,"sort":[1706040351000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"new-fossils-suggest-kelp-forests-have-swayed-in-the-seas-for-at-least-32-million-years","title":"New Fossils Suggest Kelp Forests Have Swayed in the Seas for at Least 32 Million Years","publishDate":1706040351,"format":"standard","headTitle":"New Fossils Suggest Kelp Forests Have Swayed in the Seas for at Least 32 Million Years | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The kelp forests that hug the Pacific coastline are an underwater jungle. They’re a thicket of colossal algae intermixed with a pageant of life that includes snails, urchins, sea lions, sea otters, and a host of seabirds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current Pacific kelp forests are the base of very rich shallow marine ecosystems,” says \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/labs/looy/\">Cindy Looy\u003c/a>, a paleobotanist at the University of California at Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2317054121\">\u003cem>PNAS\u003c/em>\u003c/a> presents new evidence that the first kelps were much older than we once suspected, dating back 32 million years — well before the arrival of many of their present-day animal inhabitants.[aside postID='science_1973217,science_1976045,science_1952335' label='Related coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that kelp was likely available as a food source for ancient marine mammals. And that the foundation of the ecosystem was already in place when kelp later evolved and grew dramatically in height, providing an even greater range of habitats to the ancestors of the animals we associate with them today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Looy gazes out at the Pacific Ocean from Point Lobos State Natural Reserve in Monterey, California, she knows the kelp forest with all its attendant species pulsates just below the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to think,” she says, “that we now added a little tiny piece of the puzzle of when [the kelps] started and how the ecosystem diversified — that makes me very proud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lucky find at the beach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jim Goedert is a retired railroad signal inspector. He lives outside of Tacoma, Washington where, for years, he’s regularly driven up to the north side of the Olympic Peninsula to walk along the rocky shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray whales and seals come in, and occasionally orcas,” he says. “There are kelp beds offshore.” At low tide, when large swaths of the beach become exposed, Goedert goes in search of fossils including hard, round masses called concretions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would crack these open,” he says. “And sometimes there’s a crab or some other fossil in these rocks. But I would find these little squiggly veins or roots. I couldn’t really tell what they were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, during a break on one of his beach walks, Goedert came across a mound that had washed ashore of kelp holdfasts — the root-like structures that fasten the towering algae to the seafloor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I thought, ‘That’s what that thing is — kelp,'” he says. “It was just an aha moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goedert packed up some of his best specimens, drove to the post office, and shipped them to Stockholm to a professional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He just kept sending me holdfasts,” recounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrm.se/english/researchandcollections/palaeobiology/staffandcontacts/steffenkiel.9003235.html\">Steffen Kiel\u003c/a>, a senior curator at the Swedish Museum of Natural History and a collaborator and friend of Goedert’s. Some of the fossils weren’t that impressive but “sometimes they were, like, wow,” he says. Still, “I just left it alone for a few years because, as usual, I had other things to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991214\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2288px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991214\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2288\" height=\"1626\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2.jpg 2288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1536x1092.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-2048x1455.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1920x1364.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2288px) 100vw, 2288px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fossil showing kelp ‘holdfasts,’ the root-like structures that serve to tether the algae to the seafloor. \u003ccite>(Steffen Kiel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Asking a fossil how old it is\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Kelp fossils are exceedingly rare. “We all know things fossilize — big vertebrates, dinosaurs, things with bones and hard parts,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.ceridwenfraser.com/\">Ceridwyn Fraser\u003c/a>, a marine scientist at the University of Otago in New Zealand. “But kelp is a very squidgy organism.” Plus, says Kiel, “they quickly rot away because they are eaten up by microbes and various animals. Kelps are essential[ly] edible, nutritious soft tissue.” It all adds up to very little kelp making it into the fossil record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years ago, researchers used a single specimen from California to estimate that complex kelps emerged at least 13 or 14 million years ago. (Complex kelps differ from simple kelps in a few ways, including that they have distinct stems and leaves.) More recently, genetics helped push that date back to at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790319300892\">30 million years\u003c/a>. But there was no fossil evidence to back that number up, which made Kiel wonder whether the samples he’d received from Goedert might offer some insight. So eventually, he took a closer look, cutting into them and polishing their surfaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one, a splotch of root-like tendrils appears to be draped across the rock. “That’s the holdfast,” Kiel says, pointing. “I have various specimens where they were sitting on a bivalve shell, on a clamshell or especially often on barnacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took one of those fossilized shells that the kelp had glued itself to and performed a chemical analysis involving strontium isotopes to determine its age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We then knew exactly, pretty much exactly, that these fossils were 32 million years old,” Kiel says. “No doubt about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This result confirms the earlier genetics work, but the fossils are stronger proof that complex kelp dates back to the early Oligocene, a time of dramatic global cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole world’s oceans got a hell [of a] lot colder right at that time,” Kiel says. “Kelp like it cold. So that was a perfect fit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why the earlier arrival of kelp matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fact that complex kelp has been around for so long means a couple of things. First, it helps resolve a puzzle about an ancient vegetarian marine mammal related to today’s manatees called the desmostylian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were wondering what they were actually feeding on 30 million years ago,” Kiel says. “What kind of green fresh food would there be? And now, our kelp fossils show, yeah, hippo-sized desmostylians most likely were happily feeding on this kelp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s logical, Looy says: “Kelps can grow incredibly fast, and those desmostylians are relatively big, and they have to eat a lot to stay alive.” Now that the researchers know that both kelp and desmostylians were alive at the same time, “we can more or less rewrite the history of the kelp ecosystems,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the second insight: “This whole rich ecosystem that we know now must have gradually evolved,” Looy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, for millions of years, the kelp ecosystem was quite simple, with the kelps themselves being somewhat short, maybe a few feet tall. Then, around 14 million years ago, much taller kelps evolved, forming the underwater forests we know today. And that’s when a thriving hub of biodiversity slowly began to materialize in this new wealth of vertical habitat — “all these animals that characterize modern kelp ecosystems — full with all sorts of life,” says Kiel, from invertebrates to larger grazers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fraser, the marine scientist, says the findings are exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have been approached before by people who thought they had kelp fossils, and I wasn’t convinced,” says Fraser, who wasn’t involved in the study. “But what we’re looking at are very clearly kelp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fraser studies kelp evolution and how its DNA mutates, something she anchors in time using the fossil record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the annoying thing about kelp is there’s hardly anything known from the fossil record,” Fraser says. “So this will be a tool that I can use now to better understand how kelps are evolving and what’s happened through time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiel says he’s delighted that, once again, fossils have taught him a familiar yet fundamental lesson about our world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To him, they’re an archive of life throughout Earth’s history — an archive that sometimes washes ashore where all you have to do is look for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+fossils+suggest+kelp+forests+have+swayed+in+the+seas+for+at+least+32+million+years&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new study of kelp forests from the coast of Washington state show that kelp forests, which host all manner of marine life, developed tens of millions of years ago. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706040142,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1332},"headData":{"title":"New Fossils Suggest Kelp Forests Have Swayed in the Seas for at Least 32 Million Years | KQED","description":"A new study of kelp forests from the coast of Washington state show that kelp forests, which host all manner of marine life, developed tens of millions of years ago. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"NPR","sticky":false,"nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/297147967/ari-daniel\">Ari Daniel\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"NOAA","nprStoryId":"1226146217","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1226146217&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/23/1226146217/new-fossils-suggest-kelp-forests-have-swayed-in-the-seas-for-at-least-32-million?ft=nprml&f=1226146217","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 23 Jan 2024 05:00:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 23 Jan 2024 05:00:13 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 23 Jan 2024 05:00:13 -0500","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991212/new-fossils-suggest-kelp-forests-have-swayed-in-the-seas-for-at-least-32-million-years","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The kelp forests that hug the Pacific coastline are an underwater jungle. They’re a thicket of colossal algae intermixed with a pageant of life that includes snails, urchins, sea lions, sea otters, and a host of seabirds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current Pacific kelp forests are the base of very rich shallow marine ecosystems,” says \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/labs/looy/\">Cindy Looy\u003c/a>, a paleobotanist at the University of California at Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2317054121\">\u003cem>PNAS\u003c/em>\u003c/a> presents new evidence that the first kelps were much older than we once suspected, dating back 32 million years — well before the arrival of many of their present-day animal inhabitants.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1973217,science_1976045,science_1952335","label":"Related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that kelp was likely available as a food source for ancient marine mammals. And that the foundation of the ecosystem was already in place when kelp later evolved and grew dramatically in height, providing an even greater range of habitats to the ancestors of the animals we associate with them today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Looy gazes out at the Pacific Ocean from Point Lobos State Natural Reserve in Monterey, California, she knows the kelp forest with all its attendant species pulsates just below the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to think,” she says, “that we now added a little tiny piece of the puzzle of when [the kelps] started and how the ecosystem diversified — that makes me very proud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lucky find at the beach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jim Goedert is a retired railroad signal inspector. He lives outside of Tacoma, Washington where, for years, he’s regularly driven up to the north side of the Olympic Peninsula to walk along the rocky shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray whales and seals come in, and occasionally orcas,” he says. “There are kelp beds offshore.” At low tide, when large swaths of the beach become exposed, Goedert goes in search of fossils including hard, round masses called concretions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would crack these open,” he says. “And sometimes there’s a crab or some other fossil in these rocks. But I would find these little squiggly veins or roots. I couldn’t really tell what they were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, during a break on one of his beach walks, Goedert came across a mound that had washed ashore of kelp holdfasts — the root-like structures that fasten the towering algae to the seafloor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I thought, ‘That’s what that thing is — kelp,'” he says. “It was just an aha moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goedert packed up some of his best specimens, drove to the post office, and shipped them to Stockholm to a professional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He just kept sending me holdfasts,” recounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrm.se/english/researchandcollections/palaeobiology/staffandcontacts/steffenkiel.9003235.html\">Steffen Kiel\u003c/a>, a senior curator at the Swedish Museum of Natural History and a collaborator and friend of Goedert’s. Some of the fossils weren’t that impressive but “sometimes they were, like, wow,” he says. Still, “I just left it alone for a few years because, as usual, I had other things to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1991214\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2288px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991214\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2288\" height=\"1626\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2.jpg 2288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1536x1092.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-2048x1455.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/s169277_fossil_kelp_holdfast_custom-de5c315f6055f703f989b0c2da4d52bba05252a2-1920x1364.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2288px) 100vw, 2288px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fossil showing kelp ‘holdfasts,’ the root-like structures that serve to tether the algae to the seafloor. \u003ccite>(Steffen Kiel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Asking a fossil how old it is\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Kelp fossils are exceedingly rare. “We all know things fossilize — big vertebrates, dinosaurs, things with bones and hard parts,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.ceridwenfraser.com/\">Ceridwyn Fraser\u003c/a>, a marine scientist at the University of Otago in New Zealand. “But kelp is a very squidgy organism.” Plus, says Kiel, “they quickly rot away because they are eaten up by microbes and various animals. Kelps are essential[ly] edible, nutritious soft tissue.” It all adds up to very little kelp making it into the fossil record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years ago, researchers used a single specimen from California to estimate that complex kelps emerged at least 13 or 14 million years ago. (Complex kelps differ from simple kelps in a few ways, including that they have distinct stems and leaves.) More recently, genetics helped push that date back to at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790319300892\">30 million years\u003c/a>. But there was no fossil evidence to back that number up, which made Kiel wonder whether the samples he’d received from Goedert might offer some insight. So eventually, he took a closer look, cutting into them and polishing their surfaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one, a splotch of root-like tendrils appears to be draped across the rock. “That’s the holdfast,” Kiel says, pointing. “I have various specimens where they were sitting on a bivalve shell, on a clamshell or especially often on barnacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took one of those fossilized shells that the kelp had glued itself to and performed a chemical analysis involving strontium isotopes to determine its age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We then knew exactly, pretty much exactly, that these fossils were 32 million years old,” Kiel says. “No doubt about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This result confirms the earlier genetics work, but the fossils are stronger proof that complex kelp dates back to the early Oligocene, a time of dramatic global cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole world’s oceans got a hell [of a] lot colder right at that time,” Kiel says. “Kelp like it cold. So that was a perfect fit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why the earlier arrival of kelp matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fact that complex kelp has been around for so long means a couple of things. First, it helps resolve a puzzle about an ancient vegetarian marine mammal related to today’s manatees called the desmostylian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were wondering what they were actually feeding on 30 million years ago,” Kiel says. “What kind of green fresh food would there be? And now, our kelp fossils show, yeah, hippo-sized desmostylians most likely were happily feeding on this kelp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s logical, Looy says: “Kelps can grow incredibly fast, and those desmostylians are relatively big, and they have to eat a lot to stay alive.” Now that the researchers know that both kelp and desmostylians were alive at the same time, “we can more or less rewrite the history of the kelp ecosystems,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the second insight: “This whole rich ecosystem that we know now must have gradually evolved,” Looy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, for millions of years, the kelp ecosystem was quite simple, with the kelps themselves being somewhat short, maybe a few feet tall. Then, around 14 million years ago, much taller kelps evolved, forming the underwater forests we know today. And that’s when a thriving hub of biodiversity slowly began to materialize in this new wealth of vertical habitat — “all these animals that characterize modern kelp ecosystems — full with all sorts of life,” says Kiel, from invertebrates to larger grazers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fraser, the marine scientist, says the findings are exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have been approached before by people who thought they had kelp fossils, and I wasn’t convinced,” says Fraser, who wasn’t involved in the study. “But what we’re looking at are very clearly kelp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fraser studies kelp evolution and how its DNA mutates, something she anchors in time using the fossil record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the annoying thing about kelp is there’s hardly anything known from the fossil record,” Fraser says. “So this will be a tool that I can use now to better understand how kelps are evolving and what’s happened through time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiel says he’s delighted that, once again, fossils have taught him a familiar yet fundamental lesson about our world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To him, they’re an archive of life throughout Earth’s history — an archive that sometimes washes ashore where all you have to do is look for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+fossils+suggest+kelp+forests+have+swayed+in+the+seas+for+at+least+32+million+years&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991212/new-fossils-suggest-kelp-forests-have-swayed-in-the-seas-for-at-least-32-million-years","authors":["byline_science_1991212"],"categories":["science_2874","science_31","science_35","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_323","science_5196","science_349","science_3265","science_2549","science_843","science_1155"],"featImg":"science_1991213","label":"source_science_1991212"},"science_1991071":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991071","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991071","score":null,"sort":[1705421401000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","title":"A Drain Fly's Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes","publishDate":1705421401,"format":"video","headTitle":"A Drain Fly’s Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long “mustache,” fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ever wonder where those little insects crawling around your bathroom came from? Bad news: your drain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that fluffy hair, it looks like a tiny moth. And some do call it a moth fly. But a fly it is … a drain fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003cem>Clogmia \u003c/em>– how appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grew up over several weeks, out of sight, among things you thought you’d washed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drain flies sneak in from the outside, through a crack in an old pipe, for example, to sip some water they sensed with this long mustache – their maxillary palps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here, on the plentiful gunk in your pipes, they’ll grow a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome, little one! The larva is the length of an eyelash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gunk it lives in? Those are bits of you: hair, saliva and food. They make a nice meal for bacteria and fungi, which form this dark, living slime called a biofilm. This is what the larvae feed on. It also keeps them well moisturized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the larva ends up submerged, it can still chow down. It sweeps slime particles out of the water with a hairy mouthpart called the labrum and rakes them in with its mandibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwater, it breathes with a bubble on its backside that it collected at the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This allows it to venture through deep pools in your pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When larvae, or the more grown-up pupae, like this guy here, end up in a toilet bowl, it can be a shock. You might think the squigglers came out of you. Ew! Don’t worry – they can’t live inside us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even though the drain flies in your bathroom muck around in bacteria, they don’t really spread it to humans. They’re not interested in landing on us. Or even leaving the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re in their happy place. When you wash your hands? They protect themselves from the water with their hairy wings. Each hair has ridges that trap air so the drops roll right off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they’re caught off-guard by a sudden surge, the flies skate across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re not invincible: When they get trapped underwater long enough, they can drown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find you really need to get rid of them, drain cleaner helps, but it won’t keep them away forever. There’ll always be some slime left behind, deep in your pipes, that could attract the flies again. So, if they want it, why not let ‘em have it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. Laura here. Did you know that flies have a secret set of limbs beneath their wings? No? It’s one reason they’re so hard to swat. Watch that episode next! See you there.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long 'mustache,' fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705428177,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":518},"headData":{"title":"A Drain Fly's Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes | KQED","description":"Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long 'mustache,' fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i16o8iXaDac","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991071/a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long “mustache,” fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ever wonder where those little insects crawling around your bathroom came from? Bad news: your drain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that fluffy hair, it looks like a tiny moth. And some do call it a moth fly. But a fly it is … a drain fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003cem>Clogmia \u003c/em>– how appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grew up over several weeks, out of sight, among things you thought you’d washed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drain flies sneak in from the outside, through a crack in an old pipe, for example, to sip some water they sensed with this long mustache – their maxillary palps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here, on the plentiful gunk in your pipes, they’ll grow a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome, little one! The larva is the length of an eyelash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gunk it lives in? Those are bits of you: hair, saliva and food. They make a nice meal for bacteria and fungi, which form this dark, living slime called a biofilm. This is what the larvae feed on. It also keeps them well moisturized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the larva ends up submerged, it can still chow down. It sweeps slime particles out of the water with a hairy mouthpart called the labrum and rakes them in with its mandibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwater, it breathes with a bubble on its backside that it collected at the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This allows it to venture through deep pools in your pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When larvae, or the more grown-up pupae, like this guy here, end up in a toilet bowl, it can be a shock. You might think the squigglers came out of you. Ew! Don’t worry – they can’t live inside us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even though the drain flies in your bathroom muck around in bacteria, they don’t really spread it to humans. They’re not interested in landing on us. Or even leaving the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re in their happy place. When you wash your hands? They protect themselves from the water with their hairy wings. Each hair has ridges that trap air so the drops roll right off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they’re caught off-guard by a sudden surge, the flies skate across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re not invincible: When they get trapped underwater long enough, they can drown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find you really need to get rid of them, drain cleaner helps, but it won’t keep them away forever. There’ll always be some slime left behind, deep in your pipes, that could attract the flies again. So, if they want it, why not let ‘em have it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. Laura here. Did you know that flies have a secret set of limbs beneath their wings? No? It’s one reason they’re so hard to swat. Watch that episode next! See you there.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991071/a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","authors":["6186"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970"],"featImg":"science_1991102","label":"science_1935"},"science_1985496":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985496","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985496","score":null,"sort":[1703793351000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"best-bay-area-hikes-wildlife-near-me","title":"The Best Bay Area Hikes for Spotting Wildlife","publishDate":1703793351,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Best Bay Area Hikes for Spotting Wildlife | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984932/how-can-i-protect-my-dog-from-san-francisco-coyotes\">coyotes\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985049/how-to-see-monarch-butterflies-are-visiting-california\">monarch butterflies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/11762/river-otters-are-thriving-all-over-the-bay-area#:~:text=River%20otters%20have%20proven%20themselves,the%20continued%20otter%20population%20growth.\">river otters\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/27260/banana-slugs-secret-of-the-slime\">banana slugs\u003c/a>, the Bay Area — and California more widely — offers an incredible array of wildlife and biodiversity on our front doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you have loved ones visiting for the holiday season, it’s a great time to get outdoors on a hike to see the many species of slimy, furry, majestic animals California has to offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikessanfrancisco\">Wildlife hikes in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikeseastbay\">Wildlife hikes in East Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikesnorthbay\">Wildlife hikes in North Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikessouthbay\">Wildlife hikes in South Bay and the Peninsula\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>California is home to over 30,000 species of plants and animals — and over half of them are in the Bay Area alone. The state is a hotspot for biodiversity thanks to its Mediterranean climate, our huge degree of latitudes and the wide range of habitats for plants and animals. With our soaring mountains and low-valley deserts, we also have the greatest range of elevation of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985513\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985513\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banana slug eats from the soil in the Big Basin area of the Santa Cruz Mountains. \u003ccite>(Melina Mara/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those latitudinal gradients also create all these different climates for different plants and animals to live in as well,” said Alison Young, co-director of the Center for Biodiversity and Community Science at the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area has many different ecosystems, from oak woodlands to shrubby chaparral, grasslands and redwood forests, said Julie Andersen, senior wildlife biologist at Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District. Each area hosts unique animal species, from acorn woodpeckers to kangaroo rats, burrowing owls, banana slugs and migratory birds. We are also located along the \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/pacific-flyway\">Pacific Flyway\u003c/a>, a major flight path for migratory birds in the Americas, extending from Alaska to Patagonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Learning how to coexist with nature, providing pathways for wildlife, and being respectful will hopefully allow our amazing wildlife species to continue to thrive,” Andersen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else would you like to read a guide to from KQED?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>All this means that we’re spoiled for choice in the Bay Area and beyond for hikes that offer the chance to see a wide range of wildlife. And as for where the experts themselves favor, Young, a marine biologist, said she especially loves exploring the different tide pools in the Bay Area. Nudibranchs, seastars, and anemones are some of her favorite finds when out tide pooling, like those at \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/MPAs/Duxbury-Reef\">Duxbury Reef\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.treesandtents.com/trailguide/pillar-point-loop-easy-coastal-walk-near-half-moon-bay/#:~:text=When%20the%20weather%20is%20stormy,the%20famous%20Mavericks%20surf%20break.\">Pillar Points and Mavericks Cliffs Trail\u003c/a>. (Mark your calendars for the best times during the day to enjoy tide pools around the holidays, according to Young: The weekend after Thanksgiving, on Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and the day after Christmas.)[aside postID='science_1985049,news_11910495,news_11953794' label='Related coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to people about tide pooling, everyone’s always like, “Oh, like it’s great, but you just have to wake up so early in the morning. I just can’t do it.” But this time of year in the winter, our low tides are actually in the afternoon,” Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For an optimal tide-pooling experience, Young advises people to look for low tides between -1.0 feet and -1.4 feet on tide charts like \u003ca href=\"https://www.saltwatertides.com/\">Saltwater Tides\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/tide_predictions.html\">NOAA Tide Predictions\u003c/a>. She also advises folks to wear rubber boots or shoes with good tread to avoid slipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Otstott, a graduate student at San Francisco State University, searches for nudibranchs in the tidepools at Pillar Point, just north of Half Moon Bay, California, as part of her work for the California Academy of Sciences. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a list of some favorite Bay Area trails from the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/HZzRC0R94PIrAv8rCwOQ7m?domain=url.avanan.click\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> and KQED staff that showcase our magnificent biodiversity. Be sure to \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">download the iNaturalist app\u003c/a>, log your sightings, and have a great time admiring our wonderful wildlife. \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1AD26VqjvhrvZt9EGcWGf_ol-0j-dj5s&usp=sharing\">You can also consult our map of the best wildlife hikes around the Bay Area:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/embed?mid=1AD26VqjvhrvZt9EGcWGf_ol-0j-dj5s&ehbc=2E312F&ll=37.82111339029839%2C-122.2362494962034&z=9\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikessanfrancisco\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/gallery/red-tailed-hawk\">See the red-tailed hawk in the Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>While you’re in the area, don’t forget to pay a visit to the \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/facilities/facility/details/Bison-Paddock-224\">bison paddock at Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/documentaries/wildparrots/\">See some wild parrots on Telegraph Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don’t forget about the sea lions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.pier39.com/sealions/\">Pier 39 in Embarcadero\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See swans and turtles at the \u003ca href=\"https://palaceoffinearts.com/\">Palace of Fine Arts\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re on \u003ca href=\"https://goldengateaudubon.org/conservation/snowy-plovers/snowy-plovers-in-san-francisco/\">Ocean Beach\u003c/a>, be on the lookout for Snowy Plovers (and if you’ve got a pole and snare, Dungeness Crab!)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There are a few places in San Francisco where you might be able to see coyotes, such as Glen Canyon Park, Presidio, McLaren Park and Golden Gate Park. However, be warned that the number of conflicts between coyotes and people with dogs has been on the rise. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984932/how-can-i-protect-my-dog-from-san-francisco-coyotes\">Here’s a guide about how to keep yourself and your pets safe with coyotes around\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985509\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985509\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"bison-golden-gate-park\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco has been replenishing the bison herd in Golden Gate Park since the late 1800s. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikesnorthbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in North Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Head on over to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/tule_elk.htm\">Point Reyes National Seashore in Marin\u003c/a> to see tule elk, a native to California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=450\">Armstrong Redwoods in Sonoma\u003c/a> is a great spot to see some banana slugs, especially after the rain.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>One recommended spot to see spawning salmon is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/wildlife_viewing_cohosalmon.htm\">Leo T. Cronin Fish Viewing Area\u003c/a> in Marin. The best time to see them is from early October to late December.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/muwo/index.htm\">Muir Woods National Monument\u003c/a>, be sure to look around for banana slugs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See river otters at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/lodging/spring-lake-regional-park\">Spring Lake Regional Park in Sonoma\u003c/a>. Take part in the \u003ca href=\"https://riverotterecology.org/otter-spotter-community-based-science/\">Otter Spotter\u003c/a>, a community science program designed to collect, map and save otter sightings.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Looking to do some kayaking to see some bioluminescent plankton? Book a tour in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/otherlifeforms.htm\">Tomales Bay\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1983841/glittering-tides-where-to-spot-bioluminescence-in-the-bay-area\">read our KQED guide to spotting bioluminescence\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The annual gray whale migration blows through Sonoma County from January to May, with good opportunities for whale spotting\u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/articles/whale-watching-along-sonoma-coast\"> all along the Sonoma Coast\u003c/a>, like at Salt Point State Park. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953794/where-can-i-see-whales-around-the-bay-area\">Read KQED’s guide to seeing whales around the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/MPAs/Duxbury-Reef\">Duxbury Reef\u003c/a> in the southernmost part of Point Reyes in Marin is a great spot for tide pooling.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985512\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985512\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-768x518.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). \u003ccite>(C. Dani and I. Jeske / De Agostini Picture Library via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikeseastbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in East Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Head to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden\">Tilden Regional Park\u003c/a>, Berkeley, to see banana slugs, newts, and salamanders. Take note that some roads in the park are closed to make way for newt crossings during newt migration season from November until March.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/reinhardt-redwood\">Reinhardt Redwood Regional Park\u003c/a> is also another great place to see banana slugs and salamanders, especially during or after the rain. “I think visiting the redwoods when it’s raining is one of the most magical things you can do,” Young said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Not a trail, but a great spot to see the fastest bird in the world, the Peregrine Falcon. The falcons have called the \u003ca href=\"https://visit.berkeley.edu/campus-attractions/campanile\">Historic Campanile\u003c/a> on the UC Berkeley Campus their home since 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://calfalcons.berkeley.edu/\">See them live via their webcams\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You might also be able to see more Peregrine Falcons in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/castle-rock\">Castle Rock Regional Recreation Area\u003c/a>, Contra Costa.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re looking for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984392/its-tarantula-mating-season-in-the-bay-area-heres-where-to-see-some-fuzzy-friends\">tarantulas during their mating season\u003c/a> (peaks in mid-October),\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sunol\"> Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/mountdiablo/\">Mount Diablo\u003c/a> are great places to see them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To see some turkeys in the area, you can head on over to the Strawberry Creek fire trail in \u003ca href=\"https://recwell.berkeley.edu/self-guided-adventures-strawberry-canyon/\">Strawberry Canyon\u003c/a> in Berkeley.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You can see rabbits, lizards, snowy egrets, scaup and many other birds at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/martin-luther-king\">Martin Luther King Shoreline Park\u003c/a> in Oakland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bat rays and night herons at \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakemerritt.org/\">Lake Merrit\u003c/a> are animals you can look out for in Oakland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During the winter, western monarch butterflies make their way to a number of overwintering sites in the Bay Area. You can also see them at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/ardenwood\">Ardenwood Historic Farm,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/aquatic-park\">Berkeley Aquatic Park\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/56/1670\">Albany Hill Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1984337\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1984337\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A view of tall redwood trees seen towering above.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reinhardt Redwood Regional Park is a sprawling forest featuring redwood groves and rare wildlife, as well as trails, picnic areas and campsites. \u003ccite>(John Hudson Photography/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikessouthbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in South Bay and on the Peninsula\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=27619\">Franklin Point Trail\u003c/a> in San Mateo leads to dunes and magnificent empty beaches. Once on the lookout, you might be able to get quite close to elephant seals. There’s also a chance to see whales, dolphins, and seabirds around.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During a low tide, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve\u003c/a> in San Mateo is a great place to enjoy the tide pools. You can see sea creatures like nudibranchs and sea stars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://openspacetrust.org/hike/mindego-hill/\">Mindego Hill trail in the Russian Ridge Open Space Preserve\u003c/a> is a favorite location for bobcats and rabbits. If this strenuous hike is not for you, another recommendation is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/ancient-oaks\">Ancient Oaks trail\u003c/a> — a great place to see woodland birds.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77890\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 3627px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-77890\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3627\" height=\"2258\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o.jpg 3627w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-400x249.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-1440x896.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-1180x735.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-960x598.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3627px) 100vw, 3627px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A northern elephant seal along the California coast. Elephant seals come out of the water to molt between May and July and to breed between December and April. \u003ccite>(Frank Schulenburg/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Beyond the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>You can see western monarchs overwintering at the Monarch Butterfly Grove in \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach in Santa Cruz\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=666\">Forest of Nisene Marks State Park\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz, just south of the Peninsula, is a great hiking area, and you’re bound to see a banana slug or two on your hikes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/henrycowell/\">Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park\u003c/a> in Felton has some great trails to see banana slugs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See California condors and rare bats at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pinn/\">Pinnacles National Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Enjoy a coastal hike and see some cool tide pools at \u003ca href=\"https://www.treesandtents.com/trailguide/pillar-point-loop-easy-coastal-walk-near-half-moon-bay/#:~:text=When%20the%20weather%20is%20stormy,the%20famous%20Mavericks%20surf%20break.\">Pillar Point and Mavericks Cliff trail\u003c/a> in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See migrating Sandhill Cranes near \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Regions/3/Crane-Tour\">Lodi in the California Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1983212\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1983212\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A monarch butterfly rests on a plant outside.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A monarch butterfly lands on a plant growing in the schoolyard at International Community School in Oakland on Oct. 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else would you like an explainer on from KQED?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID-19\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on November 24.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If you’re looking for holiday hikes near you in the Bay Area, we’ve rounded up our recommendations for the best ones that offer the chance to spot some of our region’s incredible wildlife.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845787,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/embed"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1798},"headData":{"title":"The Best Bay Area Hikes for Spotting Wildlife | KQED","description":"If you’re looking for holiday hikes near you in the Bay Area, we’ve rounded up our recommendations for the best ones that offer the chance to spot some of our region’s incredible wildlife.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985496/best-bay-area-hikes-wildlife-near-me","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984932/how-can-i-protect-my-dog-from-san-francisco-coyotes\">coyotes\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985049/how-to-see-monarch-butterflies-are-visiting-california\">monarch butterflies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/11762/river-otters-are-thriving-all-over-the-bay-area#:~:text=River%20otters%20have%20proven%20themselves,the%20continued%20otter%20population%20growth.\">river otters\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/27260/banana-slugs-secret-of-the-slime\">banana slugs\u003c/a>, the Bay Area — and California more widely — offers an incredible array of wildlife and biodiversity on our front doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you have loved ones visiting for the holiday season, it’s a great time to get outdoors on a hike to see the many species of slimy, furry, majestic animals California has to offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikessanfrancisco\">Wildlife hikes in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikeseastbay\">Wildlife hikes in East Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikesnorthbay\">Wildlife hikes in North Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#besthikessouthbay\">Wildlife hikes in South Bay and the Peninsula\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>California is home to over 30,000 species of plants and animals — and over half of them are in the Bay Area alone. The state is a hotspot for biodiversity thanks to its Mediterranean climate, our huge degree of latitudes and the wide range of habitats for plants and animals. With our soaring mountains and low-valley deserts, we also have the greatest range of elevation of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985513\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985513\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1252553761-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banana slug eats from the soil in the Big Basin area of the Santa Cruz Mountains. \u003ccite>(Melina Mara/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those latitudinal gradients also create all these different climates for different plants and animals to live in as well,” said Alison Young, co-director of the Center for Biodiversity and Community Science at the California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area has many different ecosystems, from oak woodlands to shrubby chaparral, grasslands and redwood forests, said Julie Andersen, senior wildlife biologist at Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District. Each area hosts unique animal species, from acorn woodpeckers to kangaroo rats, burrowing owls, banana slugs and migratory birds. We are also located along the \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/pacific-flyway\">Pacific Flyway\u003c/a>, a major flight path for migratory birds in the Americas, extending from Alaska to Patagonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Learning how to coexist with nature, providing pathways for wildlife, and being respectful will hopefully allow our amazing wildlife species to continue to thrive,” Andersen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else would you like to read a guide to from KQED?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>All this means that we’re spoiled for choice in the Bay Area and beyond for hikes that offer the chance to see a wide range of wildlife. And as for where the experts themselves favor, Young, a marine biologist, said she especially loves exploring the different tide pools in the Bay Area. Nudibranchs, seastars, and anemones are some of her favorite finds when out tide pooling, like those at \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/MPAs/Duxbury-Reef\">Duxbury Reef\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.treesandtents.com/trailguide/pillar-point-loop-easy-coastal-walk-near-half-moon-bay/#:~:text=When%20the%20weather%20is%20stormy,the%20famous%20Mavericks%20surf%20break.\">Pillar Points and Mavericks Cliffs Trail\u003c/a>. (Mark your calendars for the best times during the day to enjoy tide pools around the holidays, according to Young: The weekend after Thanksgiving, on Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and the day after Christmas.)\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1985049,news_11910495,news_11953794","label":"Related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to people about tide pooling, everyone’s always like, “Oh, like it’s great, but you just have to wake up so early in the morning. I just can’t do it.” But this time of year in the winter, our low tides are actually in the afternoon,” Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For an optimal tide-pooling experience, Young advises people to look for low tides between -1.0 feet and -1.4 feet on tide charts like \u003ca href=\"https://www.saltwatertides.com/\">Saltwater Tides\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/tide_predictions.html\">NOAA Tide Predictions\u003c/a>. She also advises folks to wear rubber boots or shoes with good tread to avoid slipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Emily-at-Pillar-ooint-2-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Otstott, a graduate student at San Francisco State University, searches for nudibranchs in the tidepools at Pillar Point, just north of Half Moon Bay, California, as part of her work for the California Academy of Sciences. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a list of some favorite Bay Area trails from the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/HZzRC0R94PIrAv8rCwOQ7m?domain=url.avanan.click\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> and KQED staff that showcase our magnificent biodiversity. Be sure to \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">download the iNaturalist app\u003c/a>, log your sightings, and have a great time admiring our wonderful wildlife. \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1AD26VqjvhrvZt9EGcWGf_ol-0j-dj5s&usp=sharing\">You can also consult our map of the best wildlife hikes around the Bay Area:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/embed?mid=1AD26VqjvhrvZt9EGcWGf_ol-0j-dj5s&ehbc=2E312F&ll=37.82111339029839%2C-122.2362494962034&z=9\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikessanfrancisco\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/gallery/red-tailed-hawk\">See the red-tailed hawk in the Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>While you’re in the area, don’t forget to pay a visit to the \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/facilities/facility/details/Bison-Paddock-224\">bison paddock at Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/documentaries/wildparrots/\">See some wild parrots on Telegraph Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don’t forget about the sea lions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.pier39.com/sealions/\">Pier 39 in Embarcadero\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See swans and turtles at the \u003ca href=\"https://palaceoffinearts.com/\">Palace of Fine Arts\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re on \u003ca href=\"https://goldengateaudubon.org/conservation/snowy-plovers/snowy-plovers-in-san-francisco/\">Ocean Beach\u003c/a>, be on the lookout for Snowy Plovers (and if you’ve got a pole and snare, Dungeness Crab!)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There are a few places in San Francisco where you might be able to see coyotes, such as Glen Canyon Park, Presidio, McLaren Park and Golden Gate Park. However, be warned that the number of conflicts between coyotes and people with dogs has been on the rise. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984932/how-can-i-protect-my-dog-from-san-francisco-coyotes\">Here’s a guide about how to keep yourself and your pets safe with coyotes around\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985509\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985509\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"bison-golden-gate-park\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/Bison_1-qut-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco has been replenishing the bison herd in Golden Gate Park since the late 1800s. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikesnorthbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in North Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Head on over to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/tule_elk.htm\">Point Reyes National Seashore in Marin\u003c/a> to see tule elk, a native to California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=450\">Armstrong Redwoods in Sonoma\u003c/a> is a great spot to see some banana slugs, especially after the rain.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>One recommended spot to see spawning salmon is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/wildlife_viewing_cohosalmon.htm\">Leo T. Cronin Fish Viewing Area\u003c/a> in Marin. The best time to see them is from early October to late December.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/muwo/index.htm\">Muir Woods National Monument\u003c/a>, be sure to look around for banana slugs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See river otters at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/lodging/spring-lake-regional-park\">Spring Lake Regional Park in Sonoma\u003c/a>. Take part in the \u003ca href=\"https://riverotterecology.org/otter-spotter-community-based-science/\">Otter Spotter\u003c/a>, a community science program designed to collect, map and save otter sightings.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Looking to do some kayaking to see some bioluminescent plankton? Book a tour in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/otherlifeforms.htm\">Tomales Bay\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1983841/glittering-tides-where-to-spot-bioluminescence-in-the-bay-area\">read our KQED guide to spotting bioluminescence\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The annual gray whale migration blows through Sonoma County from January to May, with good opportunities for whale spotting\u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/articles/whale-watching-along-sonoma-coast\"> all along the Sonoma Coast\u003c/a>, like at Salt Point State Park. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953794/where-can-i-see-whales-around-the-bay-area\">Read KQED’s guide to seeing whales around the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/MPAs/Duxbury-Reef\">Duxbury Reef\u003c/a> in the southernmost part of Point Reyes in Marin is a great spot for tide pooling.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985512\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985512\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-768x518.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1156639917-qut-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). \u003ccite>(C. Dani and I. Jeske / De Agostini Picture Library via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikeseastbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in East Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Head to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden\">Tilden Regional Park\u003c/a>, Berkeley, to see banana slugs, newts, and salamanders. Take note that some roads in the park are closed to make way for newt crossings during newt migration season from November until March.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/reinhardt-redwood\">Reinhardt Redwood Regional Park\u003c/a> is also another great place to see banana slugs and salamanders, especially during or after the rain. “I think visiting the redwoods when it’s raining is one of the most magical things you can do,” Young said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Not a trail, but a great spot to see the fastest bird in the world, the Peregrine Falcon. The falcons have called the \u003ca href=\"https://visit.berkeley.edu/campus-attractions/campanile\">Historic Campanile\u003c/a> on the UC Berkeley Campus their home since 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://calfalcons.berkeley.edu/\">See them live via their webcams\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You might also be able to see more Peregrine Falcons in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/castle-rock\">Castle Rock Regional Recreation Area\u003c/a>, Contra Costa.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re looking for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984392/its-tarantula-mating-season-in-the-bay-area-heres-where-to-see-some-fuzzy-friends\">tarantulas during their mating season\u003c/a> (peaks in mid-October),\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sunol\"> Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/mountdiablo/\">Mount Diablo\u003c/a> are great places to see them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To see some turkeys in the area, you can head on over to the Strawberry Creek fire trail in \u003ca href=\"https://recwell.berkeley.edu/self-guided-adventures-strawberry-canyon/\">Strawberry Canyon\u003c/a> in Berkeley.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You can see rabbits, lizards, snowy egrets, scaup and many other birds at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/martin-luther-king\">Martin Luther King Shoreline Park\u003c/a> in Oakland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bat rays and night herons at \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakemerritt.org/\">Lake Merrit\u003c/a> are animals you can look out for in Oakland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During the winter, western monarch butterflies make their way to a number of overwintering sites in the Bay Area. You can also see them at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/ardenwood\">Ardenwood Historic Farm,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/aquatic-park\">Berkeley Aquatic Park\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/56/1670\">Albany Hill Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1984337\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1984337\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A view of tall redwood trees seen towering above.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/GettyImages-1343594336-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reinhardt Redwood Regional Park is a sprawling forest featuring redwood groves and rare wildlife, as well as trails, picnic areas and campsites. \u003ccite>(John Hudson Photography/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"besthikessouthbay\">\u003c/a>Wildlife hikes in South Bay and on the Peninsula\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=27619\">Franklin Point Trail\u003c/a> in San Mateo leads to dunes and magnificent empty beaches. Once on the lookout, you might be able to get quite close to elephant seals. There’s also a chance to see whales, dolphins, and seabirds around.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During a low tide, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/parks/fitzgerald-marine-reserve\">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve\u003c/a> in San Mateo is a great place to enjoy the tide pools. You can see sea creatures like nudibranchs and sea stars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://openspacetrust.org/hike/mindego-hill/\">Mindego Hill trail in the Russian Ridge Open Space Preserve\u003c/a> is a favorite location for bobcats and rabbits. If this strenuous hike is not for you, another recommendation is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/ancient-oaks\">Ancient Oaks trail\u003c/a> — a great place to see woodland birds.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77890\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 3627px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-77890\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3627\" height=\"2258\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o.jpg 3627w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-400x249.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-1440x896.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-1180x735.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/8443220498_1708484588_o-960x598.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3627px) 100vw, 3627px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A northern elephant seal along the California coast. Elephant seals come out of the water to molt between May and July and to breed between December and April. \u003ccite>(Frank Schulenburg/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Beyond the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>You can see western monarchs overwintering at the Monarch Butterfly Grove in \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach in Santa Cruz\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=666\">Forest of Nisene Marks State Park\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz, just south of the Peninsula, is a great hiking area, and you’re bound to see a banana slug or two on your hikes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/henrycowell/\">Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park\u003c/a> in Felton has some great trails to see banana slugs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See California condors and rare bats at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pinn/\">Pinnacles National Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Enjoy a coastal hike and see some cool tide pools at \u003ca href=\"https://www.treesandtents.com/trailguide/pillar-point-loop-easy-coastal-walk-near-half-moon-bay/#:~:text=When%20the%20weather%20is%20stormy,the%20famous%20Mavericks%20surf%20break.\">Pillar Point and Mavericks Cliff trail\u003c/a> in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>See migrating Sandhill Cranes near \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Regions/3/Crane-Tour\">Lodi in the California Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1983212\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1983212\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A monarch butterfly rests on a plant outside.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/RS59528_025_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A monarch butterfly lands on a plant growing in the schoolyard at International Community School in Oakland on Oct. 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else would you like an explainer on from KQED?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID-19\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"hearken","attributes":{"named":{"id":"10483","src":"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on November 24.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985496/best-bay-area-hikes-wildlife-near-me","authors":["11631"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_119","science_2265","science_1120","science_4992","science_454","science_261","science_192","science_4417","science_254","science_2549","science_2053","science_179","science_4729","science_804"],"featImg":"science_1985498","label":"science"},"science_1985825":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985825","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985825","score":null,"sort":[1703001637000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"mom-where-do-baby-jellyfish-come-from","title":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From?","publishDate":1703001637,"format":"video","headTitle":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From? | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There’s a reason the ocean is full of jellyfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These creatures have mastered the ability to multiply themselves again and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult moon jellies grow to the size of dinner plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mature jellyfish like this is called a medusa for its resemblance to the ancient Greek monster with snakes for hair. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of snakes, this medusa has stinging tentacles that paralyze its prey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to tell by looking at them but there are male and female moon jellies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The males release sperm into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the females collect it to fertilize their eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those eggs turn into larvae called planulae that mom sends out into the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look like fuzzy little potatoes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each planula does its best to settle on something solid — like rock – and develops into this, a polyp the size of a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyp clings to the rock with a sticky foot, like a miniature version of its colorful cousin, the sea anemone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its stinging tentacles catch prey that float by, like these tiny crustaceans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each mouthful it grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See that budding out of its side? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a little clone!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few days the clone pops off, and settles in right next door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyps make more polyps. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And more …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until they form a whole neighborhood of clones …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do they go from tiny polyp stuck on a rock to giant medusa gliding through the open ocean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the water begins to cool at the end of summer, they go through yet another change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They slow down, stop hunting and develop these ridges along their sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a few weeks, the ridges get more and more pronounced, until the polyp looks like a stack of pancakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each individual pancake, called an ephyra, is a clone with the potential to grow into an adult. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right, it’s a whole extra round of cloning called strobilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It begins with a twitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ephyrae flex and convulse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They impatiently work to free themselves … from themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next ones in line can’t wait for their turn either. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they help push things along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all that effort, the ephyra on the very end finally breaks free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes jellyfish are so successful that they explode in number, creating a jellyfish bloom. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s great for predators like barnacles that snatch them up when they’re young … and for sea turtles that scarf down the grown-ups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why moon jellies play the odds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By making babies that clone themselves, and clone themselves again, jellies multiply their chances that some will make it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey, it’s Laura. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope you enjoy Deep Look as much as we love making it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We rely on you, our audience, to make this show possible. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon today and get access to exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link to show your support!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845791,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":572},"headData":{"title":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From? | KQED","description":"When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/y2BYatmFJaI","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985825/mom-where-do-baby-jellyfish-come-from","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. 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