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Armed with a firm belief that sustainable design can help slow the warming trend, he and his fellow students have set their sights on tackling a major climate change culprit: concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61789\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 221px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/wheel_cement.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61789\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/wheel_cement-221x253.jpg\" alt=\"wheel_cement\" width=\"221\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The geopolymer cement mix developed at UNC Charlotte uses recycled fly ash from coal plants. Photo courtesy Clarke Snell.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Concrete accounts for somewhere between 5-8% of the world’s \u003cem>total\u003c/em> carbon dioxide emissions. It’s the most widely used building material on the planet. We produce nearly three tons of the stuff, per person, every year. From buildings, to bridges, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=concrete+bathroom&client=firefox-a&hs=JtE&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=LjlPUuGkJILg8ASd6oCgAw&ved=0CCwQsAQ&biw=1015&bih=613&dpr=1.5\">bathroom countertops\u003c/a>, concrete is here to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is: what are we going to do about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One answer is eco-friendly geopolymer cement, which can reduce the carbon footprint associated with concrete by \u003ca href=\"http://urbaneden.uncc.edu/house/highlights/geopolymer-concrete\">up to 90%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cement and concrete are often used interchangeably, but they are actually two separate products. For starters, cement is an ingredient used to make concrete. You can’t make traditional concrete without cement. Conventional cement (also known as Portland cement) is a very fine powder typically made by burning limestone and other minerals at temperatures over 2,500°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concrete is the mixture of aggregate (a combination of sand, gravel or crushed stone), and a paste material comprised of water and cement. Through a process called hydration, the cement and water harden with the aggregate, binding the mixture into a rocklike mass that can be shaped and set as needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As history can attest (see, \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/The-Secrets-of-Ancient-Romes-Buildings.html\">Roman empire\u003c/a>) concrete is strong, durable, and relatively easy to transport. But there’s a caveat: making one ton of concrete \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/05/09/emissions-from-the-cement-industry/\">releases a ton of carbon dioxide\u003c/a> into the atmosphere. Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61786\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 265px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/IMG_3251.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-61786\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/IMG_3251-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_3251\" width=\"265\" height=\"177\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UrbanEden's concrete walls help keep the building warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Photo courtesy Clarke Snell.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s the good news: There is a viable alternative-- and Snell and his team at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte are already using it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.solardecathlon.gov/\">A \u003cem>\u003c/em>biennial competition \u003c/a>sponsored by the Department of Energy challenges schools from around the world to design and build energy efficient, solar powered homes. The UNC Charlotte team wanted to use concrete for its durability and strong insulation properties, but they didn't like the carbon emissions associated with producing Portland cement - the glue that holds concrete together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they used \u003ca href=\"http://solardecathlon.tumblr.com/http://\">a geopolymer composite material \u003c/a>made from fly ash to replace the conventional Portland cement. Fly ash, or flash, is a recyclable by-product from coal power plants that is both strong and durable. The flash creates a binding material that, when combined with certain activating chemicals, can be used to make concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new material looks and performs like conventional concrete but doesn’t have to be burned at 2,500°F, thereby skirting most of the associated carbon dioxide emissions. As student Project Manager Clarke Snell says, “If emulated in all building projects, this small, essentially plug and play substitute, would be world changing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61779\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-61779 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/DoE-pic.jpg\" alt=\"UrbanEden under construciton at the 2013 Solar Decathlon competition. Photo Credit: Eric Grigorian/U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UrbanEden under construciton at the 2013 Solar Decathlon competition. Photo Credit: Eric Grigorian/U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional information about use of geopolymer based cement developed by Dr. Brett Tempest at UNC-Charlotte - \u003ca title=\"Cementing a More Sustainable Future\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/cementing-a-more-sustainable-future/\">(Link)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A team of innovative students at UNC Charlotte develop a game-changing material poised to improve the way we build our cities and our homes. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457564701,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":602},"headData":{"title":"Cementing a More Sustainable Future | KQED","description":"A team of innovative students at UNC Charlotte develop a game-changing material poised to improve the way we build our cities and our homes. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cementing a More Sustainable Future","datePublished":"2013-10-10T14:00:27.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-09T23:05:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"60734 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=60734","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/10/10/cementing-a-more-sustainable-future/","disqusTitle":"Cementing a More Sustainable Future","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJp8_W0C0G4","path":"/quest/60734/cementing-a-more-sustainable-future","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Clarke Snell is a \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Building-Green-New-Edition-Alternative/dp/1600595340\">builder\u003c/a>, a dreamer, and a 50 year-old student bent on saving the planet -- one house at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an architecture graduate student at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Snell is tackling what he sees as the greatest challenge of our time: climate change. Armed with a firm belief that sustainable design can help slow the warming trend, he and his fellow students have set their sights on tackling a major climate change culprit: concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61789\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 221px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/wheel_cement.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61789\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/wheel_cement-221x253.jpg\" alt=\"wheel_cement\" width=\"221\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The geopolymer cement mix developed at UNC Charlotte uses recycled fly ash from coal plants. Photo courtesy Clarke Snell.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Concrete accounts for somewhere between 5-8% of the world’s \u003cem>total\u003c/em> carbon dioxide emissions. It’s the most widely used building material on the planet. We produce nearly three tons of the stuff, per person, every year. From buildings, to bridges, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=concrete+bathroom&client=firefox-a&hs=JtE&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=LjlPUuGkJILg8ASd6oCgAw&ved=0CCwQsAQ&biw=1015&bih=613&dpr=1.5\">bathroom countertops\u003c/a>, concrete is here to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is: what are we going to do about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One answer is eco-friendly geopolymer cement, which can reduce the carbon footprint associated with concrete by \u003ca href=\"http://urbaneden.uncc.edu/house/highlights/geopolymer-concrete\">up to 90%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cement and concrete are often used interchangeably, but they are actually two separate products. For starters, cement is an ingredient used to make concrete. You can’t make traditional concrete without cement. Conventional cement (also known as Portland cement) is a very fine powder typically made by burning limestone and other minerals at temperatures over 2,500°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concrete is the mixture of aggregate (a combination of sand, gravel or crushed stone), and a paste material comprised of water and cement. Through a process called hydration, the cement and water harden with the aggregate, binding the mixture into a rocklike mass that can be shaped and set as needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As history can attest (see, \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/The-Secrets-of-Ancient-Romes-Buildings.html\">Roman empire\u003c/a>) concrete is strong, durable, and relatively easy to transport. But there’s a caveat: making one ton of concrete \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/05/09/emissions-from-the-cement-industry/\">releases a ton of carbon dioxide\u003c/a> into the atmosphere. Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61786\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 265px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/IMG_3251.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-61786\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/IMG_3251-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_3251\" width=\"265\" height=\"177\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UrbanEden's concrete walls help keep the building warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Photo courtesy Clarke Snell.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s the good news: There is a viable alternative-- and Snell and his team at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte are already using it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.solardecathlon.gov/\">A \u003cem>\u003c/em>biennial competition \u003c/a>sponsored by the Department of Energy challenges schools from around the world to design and build energy efficient, solar powered homes. The UNC Charlotte team wanted to use concrete for its durability and strong insulation properties, but they didn't like the carbon emissions associated with producing Portland cement - the glue that holds concrete together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they used \u003ca href=\"http://solardecathlon.tumblr.com/http://\">a geopolymer composite material \u003c/a>made from fly ash to replace the conventional Portland cement. Fly ash, or flash, is a recyclable by-product from coal power plants that is both strong and durable. The flash creates a binding material that, when combined with certain activating chemicals, can be used to make concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new material looks and performs like conventional concrete but doesn’t have to be burned at 2,500°F, thereby skirting most of the associated carbon dioxide emissions. As student Project Manager Clarke Snell says, “If emulated in all building projects, this small, essentially plug and play substitute, would be world changing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61779\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-61779 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/09/DoE-pic.jpg\" alt=\"UrbanEden under construciton at the 2013 Solar Decathlon competition. Photo Credit: Eric Grigorian/U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UrbanEden under construciton at the 2013 Solar Decathlon competition. Photo Credit: Eric Grigorian/U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional information about use of geopolymer based cement developed by Dr. Brett Tempest at UNC-Charlotte - \u003ca title=\"Cementing a More Sustainable Future\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/cementing-a-more-sustainable-future/\">(Link)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/60734/cementing-a-more-sustainable-future","authors":["10296"],"series":["quest_12345"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_11765","quest_8","quest_9","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_202","quest_530","quest_637","quest_12314","quest_12310","quest_814","quest_12312","quest_13197","quest_13198","quest_12269","quest_2141","quest_13205","quest_2349","quest_10427","quest_2693","quest_2698","quest_12309","quest_10363","quest_10303","quest_3041","quest_12313","quest_12311","quest_3071"],"featImg":"quest_61964","label":"quest_12345"},"quest_9271":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_9271","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"9271","score":null,"sort":[1286819142000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"backyard-mountain-lions","title":"Backyard Mountain Lions","publishDate":1286819142,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/cougar_dfg.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem> Mountain lion. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/\">California Department of Fish and Game\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>A few weeks ago, in the middle of the night, a mountain lion roamed the streets of Berkeley. The lion jumped fences, leaped through a school playground, and ran though several backyards. The Berkeley Police deemed the mountain lion a threat to public safety, and shot it in a resident’s driveway. When I first heard about this story, was surprised that the mountain lion was in such an urban area—and that it was shot rather than tranquilized and moved to a more suitable habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after a bit of research, I learned that tranquilization is never an option in situations like this—it takes up to 30 minutes for the tranquilizer to take effect, during which time the situation could turn much worse. Wardens with the California Department of Fish and Game don’t even carry tranquilizers; Berkeley Police sure don’t carry tranquilizers, either. And, Fish and Game does not relocate wild animals that display this kind of bold behavior, because they’re still too much of a threat. These policies make sense—and so does a mountain lion walking in streets of Berkeley, when you really think about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 50% of California is mountain lion habitat. Mountain lions can be found wherever there are deer, their main prey item. As we humans have built houses and highways, we’ve broken up the mountain lions’ habitat into fragmented patches. To move between patches of habitat, mountain lions have to cross our streets and highways. Mountain lions are territorial, and their territories tend not to overlap; these animals need a lot of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Chris Wilmers, a professor at UC Santa Cruz, studies mountain lion movement and behavior. He catches mountain lions and fits them with GPS-accelerometer collars, which record their every movement. He’s learning how the lions move through the landscape. You can learn more about his \u003ca href=\"http://people.ucsc.edu/~cwilmers/\">research\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"http://bapp.org/\">Bay Area Puma Project\u003c/a>, in QUEST’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">Tracking Urban Lions\u003c/a>. Chris’s research will show us which areas the mountain lions are using, and how we can connect these habitat fragments, so mountain lions can move safely from patch to patch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the plight of urban lions came close to home—or rather, close to work. I work at the Lawrence Hall of Science, in the hills above the UC Berkeley campus. I found out, via email, that three mountain lions, probably a mother and two juveniles, have been seen several times near the Lawrence Berkeley Lab, just down the slope from where I work. And, two dead deer and one dead goat found near the Lab’s buildings strongly suggest that the lions aren’t just taking an evening stroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, we coexist with mountain lions. Our habitat is their habitat. But there are things we can do to prevent encounters; fill your garden with plants that deer find distasteful, so mountain lions won’t be tempted to stalk their prey in your backyard. (See \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/hunting/deer/publications.html\">A Gardener’s Guide to Preventing Deer Damage\u003c/a>.) Don’t leave food outside for pets. Don’t leave pets outside, or run or bike alone, at dawn, dusk, or nighttime, when mountain lions hunt. And, if you do encounter a mountain lion, stand tall, make noise, and fight back. Find more info \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/keepmewild/lion.html\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until Chris figures out where we should build wildlife corridors, I’ll be sure not to walk alone from my office to my car during darkling hours; one more reason not to work late!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A few weeks ago, in the middle of the night, a mountain lion roamed the streets of Berkeley. The Berkeley Police deemed the mountain lion a threat to public safety, and, following protocol, shot it in a resident’s driveway. These policies make sense—and so does a mountain lion walking in streets of Berkeley, when you really think about it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1286819142,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":616},"headData":{"title":"Backyard Mountain Lions | KQED","description":"A few weeks ago, in the middle of the night, a mountain lion roamed the streets of Berkeley. The Berkeley Police deemed the mountain lion a threat to public safety, and, following protocol, shot it in a resident’s driveway. These policies make sense—and so does a mountain lion walking in streets of Berkeley, when you really think about it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Backyard Mountain Lions","datePublished":"2010-10-11T17:45:42.000Z","dateModified":"2010-10-11T17:45:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"9271 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=9271","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/11/backyard-mountain-lions/","disqusTitle":"Backyard Mountain Lions","path":"/quest/9271/backyard-mountain-lions","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/cougar_dfg.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem> Mountain lion. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/\">California Department of Fish and Game\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>A few weeks ago, in the middle of the night, a mountain lion roamed the streets of Berkeley. The lion jumped fences, leaped through a school playground, and ran though several backyards. The Berkeley Police deemed the mountain lion a threat to public safety, and shot it in a resident’s driveway. When I first heard about this story, was surprised that the mountain lion was in such an urban area—and that it was shot rather than tranquilized and moved to a more suitable habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after a bit of research, I learned that tranquilization is never an option in situations like this—it takes up to 30 minutes for the tranquilizer to take effect, during which time the situation could turn much worse. Wardens with the California Department of Fish and Game don’t even carry tranquilizers; Berkeley Police sure don’t carry tranquilizers, either. And, Fish and Game does not relocate wild animals that display this kind of bold behavior, because they’re still too much of a threat. These policies make sense—and so does a mountain lion walking in streets of Berkeley, when you really think about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 50% of California is mountain lion habitat. Mountain lions can be found wherever there are deer, their main prey item. As we humans have built houses and highways, we’ve broken up the mountain lions’ habitat into fragmented patches. To move between patches of habitat, mountain lions have to cross our streets and highways. Mountain lions are territorial, and their territories tend not to overlap; these animals need a lot of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Chris Wilmers, a professor at UC Santa Cruz, studies mountain lion movement and behavior. He catches mountain lions and fits them with GPS-accelerometer collars, which record their every movement. He’s learning how the lions move through the landscape. You can learn more about his \u003ca href=\"http://people.ucsc.edu/~cwilmers/\">research\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"http://bapp.org/\">Bay Area Puma Project\u003c/a>, in QUEST’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">Tracking Urban Lions\u003c/a>. Chris’s research will show us which areas the mountain lions are using, and how we can connect these habitat fragments, so mountain lions can move safely from patch to patch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the plight of urban lions came close to home—or rather, close to work. I work at the Lawrence Hall of Science, in the hills above the UC Berkeley campus. I found out, via email, that three mountain lions, probably a mother and two juveniles, have been seen several times near the Lawrence Berkeley Lab, just down the slope from where I work. And, two dead deer and one dead goat found near the Lab’s buildings strongly suggest that the lions aren’t just taking an evening stroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, we coexist with mountain lions. Our habitat is their habitat. But there are things we can do to prevent encounters; fill your garden with plants that deer find distasteful, so mountain lions won’t be tempted to stalk their prey in your backyard. (See \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/hunting/deer/publications.html\">A Gardener’s Guide to Preventing Deer Damage\u003c/a>.) Don’t leave food outside for pets. Don’t leave pets outside, or run or bike alone, at dawn, dusk, or nighttime, when mountain lions hunt. And, if you do encounter a mountain lion, stand tall, make noise, and fight back. Find more info \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/keepmewild/lion.html\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until Chris figures out where we should build wildlife corridors, I’ll be sure not to walk alone from my office to my car during darkling hours; one more reason not to work late!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/9271/backyard-mountain-lions","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_1291","quest_1879","quest_1880","quest_1943","quest_3041","quest_3155","quest_3157"],"label":"quest"},"quest_7739":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_7739","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"7739","score":null,"sort":[1283195656000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"lessons-from-the-chicken-coop","title":"Lessons from the Chicken Coop","publishDate":1283195656,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/08/Chickens.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem> Backyard chickens (credit: Meredith Hall)\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Yesterday, I along with every other Oakland hipster visited the \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/\">Eat Real Festival\u003c/a> in Jack London Square. There were dozens of food carts—tacos, steamed buns, hot dogs, ice cream, the best Cuban sandwich I’ve ever eaten—and chickens. Yep. There was an \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/urbanhomesteading\">urban homesteading\u003c/a> exhibit, with animals and experts, and my friend Angela was smitten with the chickens. She wanted to take a few home. Think of all those fresh eggs! However, her husband Malcolm was against the idea—having grown up on a ranch in Mexico, he knew firsthand that chickens are a lot of work. But as I thought about the salmonella-laced \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2010/08/24/why-eggs-became-a-salmonella-hazard?ref=us\">headlines\u003c/a> that have tumbled across my doorstep and my computer screen over the past few weeks, I thought having my own backyard chickens might not be a bad idea.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent salmonella outbreak has led to a recall of half a billion eggs, and has sickened thousands of people. (Check this FDA page to see if the eggs in your fridge are safe to eat.) Many of the contaminated eggs have been traced to two giant farms in Iowa. It is not entirely clear what caused the outbreak—and there may have been multiple sources. But at least some of the contaminated eggs were laid by hens that ate contaminated chicken feed. Rodents carrying salmonella had gotten into the feed. In large-scale egg farms, salmonella can spread easily. Backyard chickens can still be subject to salmonella, but at least if you’re in charge of the coop, you can be sure to take precautions to keep your birds healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These precautions include keeping the habitat clean, making sure the food isn’t contaminated by rodents or other animals (reptiles carry salmonella too), and maybe even vaccinating your chickens. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/25/business/25vaccine.html?pagewanted=1&ref=business\">Vaccination\u003c/a> is common in the UK and other parts of Europe (though in this country, the FDA has deemed it unnecessary). I have no idea if vaccines are available for backyard birds—but it might be a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not being a bird owner myself, I wondered how a first-time chicken raiser could learn about keeping birds healthy. I read Oakland urban farmer Novella Carpenter’s book \u003ca href=\"http://amzn.com/0143117289\">Farm City\u003c/a>, and I couldn’t remember if her mail-order poultry had come with instructions. Then, I found out that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/backyard-chicken-keepers-avian-flu.php\">USDA recently started a public education campaign\u003c/a> on backyard bird health. And, urban homesteaders swap chicken husbandry tips thanks to internet sites like \u003ca href=\"http://www.meetup.com/\">Meetup\u003c/a>. There are whole communities out there, dedicated to raising healthy birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, I am not ready build a coop on my back porch and fill it with chickens. But the salmonella outbreak and the poultry experts at the Eat Real Festival reminded me that farmers, with their great knowledge of how animals and diseases and the environment are all entwined, are the world’s original ecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about eggs and the differences between supermarket eggs or farm fresh eggs, watch \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/city-egg-country-egg\">City Egg, Country Egg on QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7941971 -122.2760333\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As I thought about the salmonella-laced headlines that have tumbled across my doorstep and my computer screen over the past few weeks, I thought having my own backyard chickens might not be a bad idea.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443833726,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":520},"headData":{"title":"Lessons from the Chicken Coop | KQED","description":"As I thought about the salmonella-laced headlines that have tumbled across my doorstep and my computer screen over the past few weeks, I thought having my own backyard chickens might not be a bad idea.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Lessons from the Chicken Coop","datePublished":"2010-08-30T19:14:16.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-03T00:55:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"7739 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=7739","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/08/30/lessons-from-the-chicken-coop/","disqusTitle":"Lessons from the Chicken Coop","path":"/quest/7739/lessons-from-the-chicken-coop","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/08/Chickens.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem> Backyard chickens (credit: Meredith Hall)\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Yesterday, I along with every other Oakland hipster visited the \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/\">Eat Real Festival\u003c/a> in Jack London Square. There were dozens of food carts—tacos, steamed buns, hot dogs, ice cream, the best Cuban sandwich I’ve ever eaten—and chickens. Yep. There was an \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/urbanhomesteading\">urban homesteading\u003c/a> exhibit, with animals and experts, and my friend Angela was smitten with the chickens. She wanted to take a few home. Think of all those fresh eggs! However, her husband Malcolm was against the idea—having grown up on a ranch in Mexico, he knew firsthand that chickens are a lot of work. But as I thought about the salmonella-laced \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2010/08/24/why-eggs-became-a-salmonella-hazard?ref=us\">headlines\u003c/a> that have tumbled across my doorstep and my computer screen over the past few weeks, I thought having my own backyard chickens might not be a bad idea.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent salmonella outbreak has led to a recall of half a billion eggs, and has sickened thousands of people. (Check this FDA page to see if the eggs in your fridge are safe to eat.) Many of the contaminated eggs have been traced to two giant farms in Iowa. It is not entirely clear what caused the outbreak—and there may have been multiple sources. But at least some of the contaminated eggs were laid by hens that ate contaminated chicken feed. Rodents carrying salmonella had gotten into the feed. In large-scale egg farms, salmonella can spread easily. Backyard chickens can still be subject to salmonella, but at least if you’re in charge of the coop, you can be sure to take precautions to keep your birds healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These precautions include keeping the habitat clean, making sure the food isn’t contaminated by rodents or other animals (reptiles carry salmonella too), and maybe even vaccinating your chickens. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/25/business/25vaccine.html?pagewanted=1&ref=business\">Vaccination\u003c/a> is common in the UK and other parts of Europe (though in this country, the FDA has deemed it unnecessary). I have no idea if vaccines are available for backyard birds—but it might be a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not being a bird owner myself, I wondered how a first-time chicken raiser could learn about keeping birds healthy. I read Oakland urban farmer Novella Carpenter’s book \u003ca href=\"http://amzn.com/0143117289\">Farm City\u003c/a>, and I couldn’t remember if her mail-order poultry had come with instructions. Then, I found out that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/backyard-chicken-keepers-avian-flu.php\">USDA recently started a public education campaign\u003c/a> on backyard bird health. And, urban homesteaders swap chicken husbandry tips thanks to internet sites like \u003ca href=\"http://www.meetup.com/\">Meetup\u003c/a>. There are whole communities out there, dedicated to raising healthy birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, I am not ready build a coop on my back porch and fill it with chickens. But the salmonella outbreak and the poultry experts at the Eat Real Festival reminded me that farmers, with their great knowledge of how animals and diseases and the environment are all entwined, are the world’s original ecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about eggs and the differences between supermarket eggs or farm fresh eggs, watch \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/city-egg-country-egg\">City Egg, Country Egg on QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7941971 -122.2760333\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/7739/lessons-from-the-chicken-coop","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_3229","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_86","quest_326","quest_573","quest_574","quest_838","quest_921","quest_1073","quest_2480","quest_13364","quest_13365","quest_3041"],"label":"quest"},"quest_3474":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3474","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3474","score":null,"sort":[1251421970000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-event-pick-urban-bees","title":"Science Event Pick: Urban Bees","publishDate":1251421970,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Science Event Pick: Urban Bees | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/08/frankie.jpg\">\u003cem>Professor Gordon Frankie of UC Berkeley was an early adopter of urban beekeeping. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>A couple years ago, it was all the rage in the science news world: Colony collapse disorder. Bee populations declined upwards of 30% here in California, a decline that has continued \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2008/06/whatever-happen/\">without much fanfare into 2009\u003c/a>. While scientists continue to find \u003ca href=\"http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1918282,00.html\">new clues\u003c/a> in the mysterious affliction, a new trend in beekeeping is emerging, which QUEST recently covered in a radio piece: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/bringing-back-urban-bees\">urban bee farming to build biodiversity and catalog native species\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ecnr.berkeley.edu/facPage/dispFP.php?I=578\">Professor Gordon Frankie\u003c/a> of UC Berkeley was an early adopter of urban beekeeping. In the late 1990s, he started the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/urbanbeegardens/\">Urban Bee Project\u003c/a>, an experimental project to document bee populations in the Bay Area. Gordon used this data to plant a bee garden right in downtown Berkeley (how he managed to get approval of that is mystery to me). The project has catalogued over 80 species of native bees, a number expected to grow well over 100. Gordon has even used the research to create a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/attract-native-bees-to-your-garden-web-only\">bee-friendly garden builder\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gordon will discuss the Urban Bee Project at the next East Bay Science Café. In addition, there are a whole host of local beekeeping organizations that offer educational events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareascience.org/calendar/events/index.php?com=detail&eID=867&year=2009&month=09\">Native Bees: A rich natural resource in urban California gardens\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Wednesday, September 2\u003csup>nd\u003c/sup> 2009\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: East Bay Science Café, La Pena Cultural Center, \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps?q=3105+Shattuck+Avenue%2C+Berkeley%2C+CA+94705&hl=en&f=d\">3105 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: FREE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Local Beekeeping Organizations\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://alamedabees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alameda County Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.beeguild.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Clara Valley Beekeepers Guild\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzbees.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Cruz Guild for Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.diablobees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mount Diablo Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sonomabees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sonoma County Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbee.org/\">San Francisco Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanmateobee.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Mateo Bee Guild\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://marincountybeekeepers.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marin County Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.852845 -122.26593\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Cal professor Gordon Frankie will discuss the Urban Bee Project at the next East Bay Science Café, Sept.2. In addition, there are a whole host of local beekeeping organizations that offer educational events.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1684975647,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":277},"headData":{"title":"Science Event Pick: Urban Bees | KQED","description":"Cal professor Gordon Frankie will discuss the Urban Bee Project at the next East Bay Science Café, Sept.2. In addition, there are a whole host of local beekeeping organizations that offer educational events.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Science Event Pick: Urban Bees","datePublished":"2009-08-28T01:12:50.000Z","dateModified":"2023-05-25T00:47:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/quest/3474/science-event-pick-urban-bees","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/08/frankie.jpg\">\u003cem>Professor Gordon Frankie of UC Berkeley was an early adopter of urban beekeeping. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>A couple years ago, it was all the rage in the science news world: Colony collapse disorder. Bee populations declined upwards of 30% here in California, a decline that has continued \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2008/06/whatever-happen/\">without much fanfare into 2009\u003c/a>. While scientists continue to find \u003ca href=\"http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1918282,00.html\">new clues\u003c/a> in the mysterious affliction, a new trend in beekeeping is emerging, which QUEST recently covered in a radio piece: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/bringing-back-urban-bees\">urban bee farming to build biodiversity and catalog native species\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ecnr.berkeley.edu/facPage/dispFP.php?I=578\">Professor Gordon Frankie\u003c/a> of UC Berkeley was an early adopter of urban beekeeping. In the late 1990s, he started the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/urbanbeegardens/\">Urban Bee Project\u003c/a>, an experimental project to document bee populations in the Bay Area. Gordon used this data to plant a bee garden right in downtown Berkeley (how he managed to get approval of that is mystery to me). The project has catalogued over 80 species of native bees, a number expected to grow well over 100. Gordon has even used the research to create a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/attract-native-bees-to-your-garden-web-only\">bee-friendly garden builder\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gordon will discuss the Urban Bee Project at the next East Bay Science Café. In addition, there are a whole host of local beekeeping organizations that offer educational events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareascience.org/calendar/events/index.php?com=detail&eID=867&year=2009&month=09\">Native Bees: A rich natural resource in urban California gardens\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Wednesday, September 2\u003csup>nd\u003c/sup> 2009\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: East Bay Science Café, La Pena Cultural Center, \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps?q=3105+Shattuck+Avenue%2C+Berkeley%2C+CA+94705&hl=en&f=d\">3105 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: FREE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Local Beekeeping Organizations\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://alamedabees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alameda County Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.beeguild.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Clara Valley Beekeepers Guild\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzbees.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Cruz Guild for Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.diablobees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mount Diablo Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sonomabees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sonoma County Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbee.org/\">San Francisco Beekeepers Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanmateobee.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Mateo Bee Guild\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://marincountybeekeepers.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marin County Beekeepers\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.852845 -122.26593\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3474/science-event-pick-urban-bees","authors":["10201"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_300","quest_301","quest_308","quest_451","quest_13199","quest_1116","quest_3351","quest_2254","quest_2256","quest_2349","quest_2534","quest_3041"],"label":"quest"},"quest_1068":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_1068","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"1068","score":null,"sort":[1231551715000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reporters-notes-tracking-urban-lions","title":"Reporter's Notes: Tracking Urban Lions","publishDate":1231551715,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/01/radio3-14_urbanlions300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Credit: Felidae Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's amazing that such large animals can live so near to urban areas and remain unseen – particularly since these animals inspire such fear and alarm whenever there is a reported sighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=6838\" target=\"_blank\">UC Davis study\u003c/a> in Southern California, researchers found that humans and cougars live in close proximity to each other and often cover the same territory. And in Pacific Grove, near Monterey, cougars have been seen by police officers late at night on city streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.pineconearchive.com/080919PCfp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">one unique incident\u003c/a> in the Big Sur area, south of Monterey, a woman thought her dog was chewing something under her bed late one night. She shooed the animal out, smacked it on the rear end, and made it leave her bedroom – only to see a full-grown cougar stare back at her from her doorway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These incidents are extremely rare. According to the California Department of Fish and Game, there have only been 14 mountain lion attacks in the past century. Most people don't see mountain lions. And in fact, wildlife officials say, almost all of the reported sightings of cougars are actually something else – dogs, bobcats, even deer. There was a report last year of a jogger in the Palo Alto hills being knocked over by a cougar, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/show_story.php?id=8737\" target=\"_blank\">that report\u003c/a> was likely fabricated. Humans might have a chance to spot a mountain lion only around dawn and dusk, officials say, and usually in remote areas at those times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After California banned mountain lion hunting in 1990, the population doubled and possibly even tripled, according to state wildlife experts. But now, they say, those numbers have leveled off. Mountain lions are often killed by wildlife agencies when the big cats stray into urban areas. And many cougars die when they're hit by cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the population remains relatively constant, at an estimated 4,000 to 6,000 animals in California. And that's because of their ability to remain almost invisible to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain lion hunters and researchers say that sometimes, even when a lion has been treed, even when the dogs are barking and other people are pointing to where the animal is, it can be hard to spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why they’re called the stealth predator. Now, researchers in the mountains above Silicon Valley are using new technology to learn more about these elusive animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">Tracking Urban Lions\u003c/a> story online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.018264 -122.15982\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It's amazing that such large animals can live so near to urban areas and remain unseen – particularly since these animals inspire such fear and alarm whenever there is a reported sighting.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1231551715,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":413},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's Notes: Tracking Urban Lions | KQED","description":"It's amazing that such large animals can live so near to urban areas and remain unseen – particularly since these animals inspire such fear and alarm whenever there is a reported sighting.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's Notes: Tracking Urban Lions","datePublished":"2009-01-10T01:41:55.000Z","dateModified":"2009-01-10T01:41:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"1068 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=1068","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/01/09/reporters-notes-tracking-urban-lions/","disqusTitle":"Reporter's Notes: Tracking Urban Lions","path":"/quest/1068/reporters-notes-tracking-urban-lions","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/01/radio3-14_urbanlions300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Credit: Felidae Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's amazing that such large animals can live so near to urban areas and remain unseen – particularly since these animals inspire such fear and alarm whenever there is a reported sighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=6838\" target=\"_blank\">UC Davis study\u003c/a> in Southern California, researchers found that humans and cougars live in close proximity to each other and often cover the same territory. And in Pacific Grove, near Monterey, cougars have been seen by police officers late at night on city streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.pineconearchive.com/080919PCfp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">one unique incident\u003c/a> in the Big Sur area, south of Monterey, a woman thought her dog was chewing something under her bed late one night. She shooed the animal out, smacked it on the rear end, and made it leave her bedroom – only to see a full-grown cougar stare back at her from her doorway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These incidents are extremely rare. According to the California Department of Fish and Game, there have only been 14 mountain lion attacks in the past century. Most people don't see mountain lions. And in fact, wildlife officials say, almost all of the reported sightings of cougars are actually something else – dogs, bobcats, even deer. There was a report last year of a jogger in the Palo Alto hills being knocked over by a cougar, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/show_story.php?id=8737\" target=\"_blank\">that report\u003c/a> was likely fabricated. Humans might have a chance to spot a mountain lion only around dawn and dusk, officials say, and usually in remote areas at those times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After California banned mountain lion hunting in 1990, the population doubled and possibly even tripled, according to state wildlife experts. But now, they say, those numbers have leveled off. Mountain lions are often killed by wildlife agencies when the big cats stray into urban areas. And many cougars die when they're hit by cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the population remains relatively constant, at an estimated 4,000 to 6,000 animals in California. And that's because of their ability to remain almost invisible to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain lion hunters and researchers say that sometimes, even when a lion has been treed, even when the dogs are barking and other people are pointing to where the animal is, it can be hard to spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why they’re called the stealth predator. Now, researchers in the mountains above Silicon Valley are using new technology to learn more about these elusive animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/tracking-urban-lions\">Tracking Urban Lions\u003c/a> story online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.018264 -122.15982\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/1068/reporters-notes-tracking-urban-lions","authors":["8656"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13198","quest_1586","quest_1880","quest_2335","quest_2970","quest_3041","quest_3155"],"label":"quest"},"quest_16889":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_16889","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"16889","score":null,"sort":[1207315800000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"urban-heat-islands","title":"Urban Heat Islands","publishDate":1207315800,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2007/02/2007-02-16-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buildings, concrete, asphalt, tar roof tops and industry have caused cities to reach higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. Now, green-minded architects are taking cooler approaches to their designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Buildings, concrete, asphalt, tar roof tops and industry have caused cities to reach higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. Now, green-minded architects are taking cooler approaches to their designs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1368130451,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":47},"headData":{"title":"Urban Heat Islands | KQED","description":"Buildings, concrete, asphalt, tar roof tops and industry have caused cities to reach higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. Now, green-minded architects are taking cooler approaches to their designs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Urban Heat Islands","datePublished":"2008-04-04T13:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-05-09T20:14:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"16889 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/urban-heat-islands/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/04/urban-heat-islands/","disqusTitle":"Urban Heat Islands","path":"/quest/16889/urban-heat-islands","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2007/02/2007-02-16-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2007/02/2007-02-16-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buildings, concrete, asphalt, tar roof tops and industry have caused cities to reach higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. Now, green-minded architects are taking cooler approaches to their designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/16889/urban-heat-islands","authors":["221"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_16"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_653","quest_1334","quest_3351","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_2993","quest_3041"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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