How Seismic Waves Cause Damage During an Earthquake
What Are Seismic Waves?
Anatomy of an Earthquake
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Check local listings for broadcast dates and times.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d3874a881a1fe56a99098a4feea236c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"QUEST Staff | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d3874a881a1fe56a99098a4feea236c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d3874a881a1fe56a99098a4feea236c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/quest"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_136760":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_136760","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"136760","score":null,"sort":[1460707200000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-find-the-epicenter-of-an-earthquake","title":"How to Find the Epicenter of an Earthquake","publishDate":1460707200,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":10627,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Each seismograph records the times when the first (P waves) and second (S waves) seismic waves arrive. From that information, scientists can determine how fast the waves are traveling. Knowing this helps them calculate the distance from the epicenter to each seismograph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To determine the direction each wave traveled, scientists draw circles around the seismograph locations. The radius of each circle equals the known distance to the epicenter. Where these three circles intersect is the epicenter.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Learn how scientists use triangulation to determine an earthquake's epicenter.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1460742532,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":185},"headData":{"title":"How to Find the Epicenter of an Earthquake | KQED","description":"Learn how scientists use triangulation to determine an earthquake's epicenter.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How to Find the Epicenter of an Earthquake","datePublished":"2016-04-15T08:00:00.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-15T17:48:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"136760 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=136760","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2016/04/15/how-to-find-the-epicenter-of-an-earthquake/","disqusTitle":"How to Find the Epicenter of an Earthquake","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFJ_l3uFkPI","path":"/quest/136760/how-to-find-the-epicenter-of-an-earthquake","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Each seismograph records the times when the first (P waves) and second (S waves) seismic waves arrive. From that information, scientists can determine how fast the waves are traveling. Knowing this helps them calculate the distance from the epicenter to each seismograph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To determine the direction each wave traveled, scientists draw circles around the seismograph locations. The radius of each circle equals the known distance to the epicenter. Where these three circles intersect is the epicenter.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/136760/how-to-find-the-epicenter-of-an-earthquake","authors":["10216"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_439","quest_909","quest_13462","quest_13461","quest_2581","quest_13463"],"collections":["quest_10627"],"featImg":"quest_142580","label":"quest_10627"},"quest_134599":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_134599","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"134599","score":null,"sort":[1458594012000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-seismic-waves-cause-damage-during-an-earthquake","title":"How Seismic Waves Cause Damage During an Earthquake","publishDate":1458594012,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13456,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>An earthquake generates a series of seismic waves that travel through the interior or near the surface of the Earth. There are four types of seismic waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will three identically engineered buildings react to an earthquake on different types of substrate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first set of waves to be detected by seismographs are \u003cstrong>P waves, or primary waves\u003c/strong>, as they’re the fastest. They’re compressional or longitudinal waves that push and pull the ground in the direction the wave is traveling. They usually cause very little damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S waves, or secondary waves\u003c/strong>, come next since they travel more slowly than P waves. They travel in the same direction, but they shake the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. S waves are more dangerous than P waves because they have greater amplitude and produce vertical and horizontal motion of the ground surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slowest waves, surface waves, arrive last. They travel only along the surface of the Earth. There are two types of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Love waves\u003c/strong> move back and forth horizontally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rayleigh waves\u003c/strong> cause both vertical and horizontal ground motion. These can be the most destructive waves as they roll along lifting and dropping the ground as they pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to learn more about earthquakes? Check out this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2016/03/10/simulating-earthquakes-with-a-shaking-table/\">video about how engineers use a giant shaking table\u003c/a> to design earthquake safe structures.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Earthquakes create 4 different types of seismic waves","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1483486573,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":237},"headData":{"title":"How Seismic Waves Cause Damage During an Earthquake | KQED","description":"Earthquakes create 4 different types of seismic waves","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Seismic Waves Cause Damage During an Earthquake","datePublished":"2016-03-21T21:00:12.000Z","dateModified":"2017-01-03T23:36:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"134599 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=134599","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2016/03/21/how-seismic-waves-cause-damage-during-an-earthquake/","disqusTitle":"How Seismic Waves Cause Damage During an Earthquake","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/wDfIgoXaXis","path":"/quest/134599/how-seismic-waves-cause-damage-during-an-earthquake","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An earthquake generates a series of seismic waves that travel through the interior or near the surface of the Earth. There are four types of seismic waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will three identically engineered buildings react to an earthquake on different types of substrate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first set of waves to be detected by seismographs are \u003cstrong>P waves, or primary waves\u003c/strong>, as they’re the fastest. They’re compressional or longitudinal waves that push and pull the ground in the direction the wave is traveling. They usually cause very little damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S waves, or secondary waves\u003c/strong>, come next since they travel more slowly than P waves. They travel in the same direction, but they shake the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. S waves are more dangerous than P waves because they have greater amplitude and produce vertical and horizontal motion of the ground surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slowest waves, surface waves, arrive last. They travel only along the surface of the Earth. There are two types of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Love waves\u003c/strong> move back and forth horizontally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rayleigh waves\u003c/strong> cause both vertical and horizontal ground motion. These can be the most destructive waves as they roll along lifting and dropping the ground as they pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to learn more about earthquakes? Check out this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2016/03/10/simulating-earthquakes-with-a-shaking-table/\">video about how engineers use a giant shaking table\u003c/a> to design earthquake safe structures.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/134599/how-seismic-waves-cause-damage-during-an-earthquake","authors":["6170"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_909","quest_2581"],"collections":["quest_13456"],"featImg":"quest_134600","label":"quest_13456"},"quest_77152":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_77152","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"77152","score":null,"sort":[1328662084000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-four-types-of-seismic-waves","title":"What Are Seismic Waves?","publishDate":1328662084,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":10627,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earthquakes release waves of energy called seismic waves. They travel through the interior and near the surface of the Earth.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>P-waves, or primary waves, \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">are the fastest moving type of wave and the first detected by seismographs. They are also called compressional or longitudinal waves, and push and pull the ground in the direction the wave is traveling. They usually cause very little damage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>S-waves, or secondary waves \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">travel more slowly than P waves. These waves travel in the same direction, but they shake the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. S-waves are more dangerous than P-waves because they have greater amplitude and produce vertical and horizontal motion of the ground surface.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The slowest waves, \u003c/span>\u003cb>surface waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, arrive last. They travel only along the surface of the Earth. There are two types of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh waves. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Love waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> move back and forth horizontally. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Rayleigh waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> cause both vertical and horizontal ground motion. These can be the most destructive waves as they roll along, causing the ground to rise and fall as they pass.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-141921 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012.jpg\" alt=\"seismicwaves-web_copyright 2012\" width=\"901\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012.jpg 901w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-800x799.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-768x767.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1460679846,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":251},"headData":{"title":"What Are Seismic Waves? | KQED","description":"Earthquakes release waves of energy called seismic waves. They travel through the interior and near the surface of the Earth. P-waves, or primary waves, are the fastest moving type of wave and the first detected by seismographs. They are also called compressional or longitudinal waves, and push and pull the ground in the direction the","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What Are Seismic Waves?","datePublished":"2012-02-08T00:48:04.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-15T00:24:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"77152 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=77152","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/07/the-four-types-of-seismic-waves/","disqusTitle":"What Are Seismic Waves?","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDfIgoXaXis","path":"/quest/77152/the-four-types-of-seismic-waves","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earthquakes release waves of energy called seismic waves. They travel through the interior and near the surface of the Earth.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>P-waves, or primary waves, \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">are the fastest moving type of wave and the first detected by seismographs. They are also called compressional or longitudinal waves, and push and pull the ground in the direction the wave is traveling. They usually cause very little damage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>S-waves, or secondary waves \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">travel more slowly than P waves. These waves travel in the same direction, but they shake the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. S-waves are more dangerous than P-waves because they have greater amplitude and produce vertical and horizontal motion of the ground surface.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The slowest waves, \u003c/span>\u003cb>surface waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, arrive last. They travel only along the surface of the Earth. There are two types of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh waves. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Love waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> move back and forth horizontally. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Rayleigh waves\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> cause both vertical and horizontal ground motion. These can be the most destructive waves as they roll along, causing the ground to rise and fall as they pass.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-141921 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012.jpg\" alt=\"seismicwaves-web_copyright 2012\" width=\"901\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012.jpg 901w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-800x799.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-768x767.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/seismicwaves-web_copyright-2012-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/77152/the-four-types-of-seismic-waves","authors":["6170","2100"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_909","quest_13461","quest_2581","quest_3071"],"collections":["quest_10627"],"featImg":"quest_77159","label":"quest_10627"},"quest_29461":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_29461","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"29461","score":null,"sort":[1328644924000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"earthquakes","title":"Anatomy of an Earthquake","publishDate":1328644924,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":10627,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Although the ground beneath us seems solid, it’s actually in constant motion. We usually don’t see it, but we can experience it through earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earth's crust is broken up into irregular pieces called tectonic plates. These large pieces of crust were formed by the combination of gravity and rising heat from Earth's core. There are seven major plates and many smaller ones, all moving in relation to each other. The lithosphere refers to the crust and upper mantle that make up these plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As tectonic plates move past each other along fault zones, they sometimes get stuck. Pressure builds, and when the plates finally give and slip, energy is released as seismic waves, causing the ground to shake. This is an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus is the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. When energy is released at the focus, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions. There are different types of seismic waves, each one traveling at varying speeds and motions. It's these waves that you feel during an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fault\u003c/strong>: A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Epicenter\u003c/strong>: The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Plates\u003c/strong>: Massive rocks that make up the outer layer of the Earth’s surface and whose movement along faults triggers earthquakes\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Seismic waves\u003c/strong>: Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Focus (Hypocenter)\u003c/strong>: The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77067\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-77067\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1440x810.jpg\" alt=\"Click on the image above to enlarge and/or print. This image by KQED is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-77067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click on the image above to enlarge and/or print. This image by KQED is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dig into the science of earthquakes! Learn the basics of what causes the ground to shake.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1460679712,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":361},"headData":{"title":"Anatomy of an Earthquake | KQED","description":"Dig into the science of earthquakes! Learn the basics of what causes the ground to shake.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Anatomy of an Earthquake","datePublished":"2012-02-07T20:02:04.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-15T00:21:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"29461 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?page_id=29461","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/07/earthquakes/","disqusTitle":"Anatomy of an Earthquake","WpPageTemplate":"default","path":"/quest/29461/earthquakes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Although the ground beneath us seems solid, it’s actually in constant motion. We usually don’t see it, but we can experience it through earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earth's crust is broken up into irregular pieces called tectonic plates. These large pieces of crust were formed by the combination of gravity and rising heat from Earth's core. There are seven major plates and many smaller ones, all moving in relation to each other. The lithosphere refers to the crust and upper mantle that make up these plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As tectonic plates move past each other along fault zones, they sometimes get stuck. Pressure builds, and when the plates finally give and slip, energy is released as seismic waves, causing the ground to shake. This is an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus is the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. When energy is released at the focus, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions. There are different types of seismic waves, each one traveling at varying speeds and motions. It's these waves that you feel during an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fault\u003c/strong>: A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Epicenter\u003c/strong>: The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Plates\u003c/strong>: Massive rocks that make up the outer layer of the Earth’s surface and whose movement along faults triggers earthquakes\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Seismic waves\u003c/strong>: Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Focus (Hypocenter)\u003c/strong>: The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77067\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-77067\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1440x810.jpg\" alt=\"Click on the image above to enlarge and/or print. This image by KQED is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-77067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/infographic_anatomyofanearthquake-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click on the image above to enlarge and/or print. This image by KQED is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This post is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/earthquakes\">Exploring Earthquakes\u003c/a>, a rich collection of resources co-presented by the California Academy of Sciences and KQED. This material is also available as a free \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/book/earthquake/id552255768?mt=11\">iBooks textbook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/course/earthquake/id552092722\">iTunes U course\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t miss \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/earthquake-life-on-a-dynamic-planet\">Earthquake\u003c/a>, an interactive exhibit at the Academy exploring the seismic forces that impact us today and featuring the Shake House, an earthquake simulator.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/29461/earthquakes","authors":["10216"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_909","quest_13373","quest_13462","quest_13461","quest_1080","quest_2581","quest_10733"],"collections":["quest_10627"],"featImg":"quest_77067","label":"quest_10627"},"quest_14441":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_14441","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"14441","score":null,"sort":[1305227763000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"deep-jiggles-with-distant-triggers","title":"Deep Jiggles with Distant Triggers","publishDate":1305227763,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/seisparkfield2.jpg\" alt=\"tectonic tremor at Parkfield\" class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cem>\u003csup>The tiny ranching town of Parkfield is California's seismic playground for scientists. This instrument package sits in Turkey Flat. Photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides earthquakes, there is a whole spectrum of energetic activity in the solid Earth. Thankfully, most of it doesn't disturb anyone's sleep. After a century of focus on jolts and jiggles, earthquake scientists have begun turning their attention to these more subtle signals. And California is one of the prime laboratories for this research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most big earthquakes happen in the mid-crust in a zone between 10 and 20 kilometers deep, where rocks are strongest. Above this zone, rocks are cold and brittle and tend to crack; below, they are hot and ductile and tend to stretch. Menlo Park seismologists looking at the deeper, ductile crust have put a new piece of the great puzzle into place this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthquakes of the classic type—cracks in the ground, alarums and mayhem in the human sphere—are only the best known type of seismic activity. They center around the brittle–ductile transition zone, but can be found from very near the surface down to almost 100 kilometers deep, if tectonic forces have put cold, brittle rock down there. (Deep earthquakes, which occur down to almost 700 kilometers, \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/earthquakes/a/aa_deeEQs.htm\">are a separate species\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new types of seismic events are small and slow murmurings within the deep crust. They involve motions that are gentler and at much lower frequencies than typical earthquakes. Think of them as less like the crisp cracking of a baguette crust and more like the quiet ripping of the bread inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Different varieties of these slow events have been discovered by different people in the last two decades. Their names include tremor, slow earthquakes, episodic slip events, transient creep and so on. They are hard to detect and difficult for seismologists to model. But that's what they used to say about ordinary earthquakes, and I'm sure that we will tame these creatures too. I suspect that they will eventually align in a kind of spectrum with names akin to the colors we designate in the blurry bands of the rainbow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week's news centers on the lively research topic of triggering: Do distant earthquakes set off local events as their seismic waves roll through? It seems obvious that they would, but science looks for proof before accepting even what seems obvious. Triggering was first accepted when the 1992 Landers earthquake in Southern California was shown to set off small quakes all the way out to Yellowstone, in Wyoming. The effects are subtle and of scientific rather than engineering interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Andreas fault is a laboratory for slow-event research; the area around Parkfield, east of Paso Robles, has been intensively instrumented since the 1970s. Recently, persistent clusters of tremor have been mapped there at depths below the earthquake zone. A paper by U.S. Geological Survey seismologist \u003ca href=\"https://profile.usgs.gov/dshelly/\">David Shelly\u003c/a> and others \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/ngeo1141.html\">published this week in \u003ci>Nature Geoscience\u003c/i>\u003c/a> notes that these ticklish spots of \"ambient tremor\" are sensitive to large, distant earthquakes in the right circumstances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/chiletremor2.png\" alt=\"chile triggered tremor\">\u003cbr>\n\u003csub>Frame from Supplementary Movie 3, Shelly et al., \u003ci>Nature Geoscience\u003c/i> doi:10.1038/ngeo1141. North-south profile of San Andreas fault; shaded zone and star represent slip in and hypocenter of the 28 Sept 2008 Parkfield earthquake; blue dots are earthquake events, crosses are ambient tremor locations; depth grid is 10-km intervals.\u003c/sub>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's an example grabbed from a Quicktime movie file showing these ambient tremor spots \"lighting up\" after passage of the surface waves from the February 27 2010 Chile earthquake (magnitude 8.8). Surface waves are the strongest, most damaging and slowest-moving vibrations of an earthquake; they are what makes the entire planet reverberate as long as weeks afterward. What interested the researchers about this triggered tremor is that it lasted long after the triggering waves had passed. Something was moving very slowly after the trigger left, something that continued to set off tremor until the stresses finally dissipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What moves slowest of all the new seismic slow events? It is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/05/05/geological-outings-around-the-bay-a-visit-to-the-hayward-fault/\">creep, which I described in last week's post\u003c/a>. Creep is known to be variable—some parts of a fault have it while others don't; its speed also varies in different locations. It's known to change speed, too. In fact, you might think of it as just an extremely slow earthquake with a frequency of years instead of seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelly and his coauthors therefore suggest a new kind of triggered event to go along with triggered earthquakes and triggered tremor: triggered creep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 35.899 -120.433\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Besides earthquakes, there is a whole spectrum of energetic activity in the solid Earth.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1311134882,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":775},"headData":{"title":"Deep Jiggles with Distant Triggers | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Deep Jiggles with Distant Triggers","datePublished":"2011-05-12T19:16:03.000Z","dateModified":"2011-07-20T04:08:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"14441 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=14441","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/05/12/deep-jiggles-with-distant-triggers/","disqusTitle":"Deep Jiggles with Distant Triggers","path":"/quest/14441/deep-jiggles-with-distant-triggers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/seisparkfield2.jpg\" alt=\"tectonic tremor at Parkfield\" class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cem>\u003csup>The tiny ranching town of Parkfield is California's seismic playground for scientists. This instrument package sits in Turkey Flat. Photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides earthquakes, there is a whole spectrum of energetic activity in the solid Earth. Thankfully, most of it doesn't disturb anyone's sleep. After a century of focus on jolts and jiggles, earthquake scientists have begun turning their attention to these more subtle signals. And California is one of the prime laboratories for this research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most big earthquakes happen in the mid-crust in a zone between 10 and 20 kilometers deep, where rocks are strongest. Above this zone, rocks are cold and brittle and tend to crack; below, they are hot and ductile and tend to stretch. Menlo Park seismologists looking at the deeper, ductile crust have put a new piece of the great puzzle into place this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthquakes of the classic type—cracks in the ground, alarums and mayhem in the human sphere—are only the best known type of seismic activity. They center around the brittle–ductile transition zone, but can be found from very near the surface down to almost 100 kilometers deep, if tectonic forces have put cold, brittle rock down there. (Deep earthquakes, which occur down to almost 700 kilometers, \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/earthquakes/a/aa_deeEQs.htm\">are a separate species\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new types of seismic events are small and slow murmurings within the deep crust. They involve motions that are gentler and at much lower frequencies than typical earthquakes. Think of them as less like the crisp cracking of a baguette crust and more like the quiet ripping of the bread inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Different varieties of these slow events have been discovered by different people in the last two decades. Their names include tremor, slow earthquakes, episodic slip events, transient creep and so on. They are hard to detect and difficult for seismologists to model. But that's what they used to say about ordinary earthquakes, and I'm sure that we will tame these creatures too. I suspect that they will eventually align in a kind of spectrum with names akin to the colors we designate in the blurry bands of the rainbow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week's news centers on the lively research topic of triggering: Do distant earthquakes set off local events as their seismic waves roll through? It seems obvious that they would, but science looks for proof before accepting even what seems obvious. Triggering was first accepted when the 1992 Landers earthquake in Southern California was shown to set off small quakes all the way out to Yellowstone, in Wyoming. The effects are subtle and of scientific rather than engineering interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Andreas fault is a laboratory for slow-event research; the area around Parkfield, east of Paso Robles, has been intensively instrumented since the 1970s. Recently, persistent clusters of tremor have been mapped there at depths below the earthquake zone. A paper by U.S. Geological Survey seismologist \u003ca href=\"https://profile.usgs.gov/dshelly/\">David Shelly\u003c/a> and others \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/ngeo1141.html\">published this week in \u003ci>Nature Geoscience\u003c/i>\u003c/a> notes that these ticklish spots of \"ambient tremor\" are sensitive to large, distant earthquakes in the right circumstances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/chiletremor2.png\" alt=\"chile triggered tremor\">\u003cbr>\n\u003csub>Frame from Supplementary Movie 3, Shelly et al., \u003ci>Nature Geoscience\u003c/i> doi:10.1038/ngeo1141. North-south profile of San Andreas fault; shaded zone and star represent slip in and hypocenter of the 28 Sept 2008 Parkfield earthquake; blue dots are earthquake events, crosses are ambient tremor locations; depth grid is 10-km intervals.\u003c/sub>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's an example grabbed from a Quicktime movie file showing these ambient tremor spots \"lighting up\" after passage of the surface waves from the February 27 2010 Chile earthquake (magnitude 8.8). Surface waves are the strongest, most damaging and slowest-moving vibrations of an earthquake; they are what makes the entire planet reverberate as long as weeks afterward. What interested the researchers about this triggered tremor is that it lasted long after the triggering waves had passed. Something was moving very slowly after the trigger left, something that continued to set off tremor until the stresses finally dissipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What moves slowest of all the new seismic slow events? It is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/05/05/geological-outings-around-the-bay-a-visit-to-the-hayward-fault/\">creep, which I described in last week's post\u003c/a>. Creep is known to be variable—some parts of a fault have it while others don't; its speed also varies in different locations. It's known to change speed, too. In fact, you might think of it as just an extremely slow earthquake with a frequency of years instead of seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelly and his coauthors therefore suggest a new kind of triggered event to go along with triggered earthquakes and triggered tremor: triggered creep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 35.899 -120.433\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/14441/deep-jiggles-with-distant-triggers","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_909","quest_3693","quest_2484","quest_2580","quest_2581","quest_3048"],"featImg":"quest_14442","label":"quest"},"quest_695":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_695","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"695","score":null,"sort":[1215805167000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"quest-picks-talking-elephants-at-the-oakland-zoo","title":"Quest Picks: Talking Elephants at the Oakland Zoo","publishDate":1215805167,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/elephant1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Can elephants feel seismic waves?\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have known for years that elephants can communicate. By using low frequency vocals, called rumbles, elephants can 'talk' with eachother, sometimes communicating from very long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new question being asked by some scientists is: can elephants feel those rumbles in the earth?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologist Dr. Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Zoo\u003c/a> wants to find out. After studying elephant activity in Africa, she noticed that elephants would raise and lower their feet when interacting with one another. She realized that these elephants were using seismic waves felt through their feet to send messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Connell-Rodwell and her team \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/06/06/127/\" target=\"_blank\">have been creating mini-earthquakes for an elephant\u003c/a> (named Donna) at the Oakland Zoo to monitor her responses to different seismic activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this National Geographic video about the study on YouTube:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" width=\"425\" height=\"344\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/FKvChyW271k&hl=en&fs=1\">\u003cembed type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" width=\"425\" height=\"344\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/FKvChyW271k&hl=en&fs=1\" allowfullscreen=\"true\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1215805167,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":146},"headData":{"title":"Quest Picks: Talking Elephants at the Oakland Zoo | KQED","description":"Can elephants feel seismic waves? Scientists have known for years that elephants can communicate. By using low frequency vocals, called rumbles, elephants can 'talk' with eachother, sometimes communicating from very long distances. But the new question being asked by some scientists is: can elephants feel those rumbles in the earth? Biologist Dr. Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell from","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Quest Picks: Talking Elephants at the Oakland Zoo","datePublished":"2008-07-11T19:39:27.000Z","dateModified":"2008-07-11T19:39:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"695 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=695","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/11/quest-picks-talking-elephants-at-the-oakland-zoo/","disqusTitle":"Quest Picks: Talking Elephants at the Oakland Zoo","path":"/quest/695/quest-picks-talking-elephants-at-the-oakland-zoo","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/elephant1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Can elephants feel seismic waves?\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have known for years that elephants can communicate. By using low frequency vocals, called rumbles, elephants can 'talk' with eachother, sometimes communicating from very long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new question being asked by some scientists is: can elephants feel those rumbles in the earth?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologist Dr. Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Zoo\u003c/a> wants to find out. After studying elephant activity in Africa, she noticed that elephants would raise and lower their feet when interacting with one another. She realized that these elephants were using seismic waves felt through their feet to send messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Connell-Rodwell and her team \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/06/06/127/\" target=\"_blank\">have been creating mini-earthquakes for an elephant\u003c/a> (named Donna) at the Oakland Zoo to monitor her responses to different seismic activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this National Geographic video about the study on YouTube:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" width=\"425\" height=\"344\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/FKvChyW271k&hl=en&fs=1\">\u003cembed type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" width=\"425\" height=\"344\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/FKvChyW271k&hl=en&fs=1\" allowfullscreen=\"true\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/695/quest-picks-talking-elephants-at-the-oakland-zoo","authors":["162"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_77","quest_425","quest_438","quest_909","quest_964","quest_3351","quest_1725","quest_1924","quest_8397","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_2351","quest_2464","quest_2580","quest_2581","quest_3206"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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