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Photos by Andrew Alden","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"quest_22734":{"type":"attachments","id":"quest_22734","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"quest","id":"22734","found":true},"title":"quarriestop","publishDate":1313088736,"status":"inherit","parent":22726,"modified":1313088736,"caption":"Quarries serve their communities with construction and landscaping materials. 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He has \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/\">written on geology for About.com\u003c/a> since its founding in 1997. In 2007, he started the Oakland Geology blog, which won recognition as \"Best of the East Bay\" from the \u003ci>East Bay Express\u003c/i> in 2010. In writing about geology in the Bay Area and surroundings, he hopes to share some of the useful and pleasurable insights that geologists give us—not just facts about the deep past, but an attitude that might be called the \u003ci>deep present\u003c/i>.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/andrew-alden/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrew Alden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrew-alden"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_37469":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_37469","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"37469","score":null,"sort":[1336673060000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach","title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Rodeo Beach","publishDate":1336673060,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachtop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37474\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachtop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protecting blue-green Rodeo Lagoon from the green-blue Pacific, Rodeo Beach displays unusual materials in its unusual setting. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The strait called the Golden Gate has beaches on both sides of its seaward end. On the south side, in San Francisco, are Baker Beach and Ocean Beach, which are made of fine sand derived mostly from the Sierra Nevada. On the north side in Marin County is little Rodeo Beach, which is not. Rodeo Beach is small but has a lot to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Beach is next to old Fort Cronkhite in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, situated between the sea and the valley of Rodeo Creek. The beach qualifies as a \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/Depositional-Landforms/bar.htm\">bar\u003c/a>, the geographer's term for a pile of sediment that crosses the mouth of a river. As you can see in the top photo, Rodeo Creek is dammed behind the beach to form Rodeo Lagoon, but some of the water from the lagoon manages to spill across the beach at its north (left) end into Rodeo Cove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Creek supplies no sediment to the shoreline. Instead, the beach's sand and gravel is manufactured on the spot from the local bedrock of the Franciscan Complex, which crops out in steep coastal bluffs on either side. Before you study the beach itself, take a look at these rocks. There are three main Franciscan rock types at Rodeo Beach that you can easily distinguish: on the south side (see below) are chert and basalt and on the north side is sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpan/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37472\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpan\" width=\"600\" height=\"379\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37472\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View south of Rodeo Beach toward Point Bonita\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chert is the most obvious of the three, a hard, flinty stone arranged in hundreds of thin layers. This is the same \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">deep-sea ribbon chert visible along Conzelman Road\u003c/a> as you arrive through the Marin Headlands, but here parts of it have been turned green and even bluish colors by the pressure and chemical action of metamorphism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeochert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37475\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeochert\" width=\"500\" height=\"480\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-400x384.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basalt here is not the black lava you might expect in Hawaii or the Cascade volcanoes. It's largely deep-sea \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/pillowlava/\">pillow lava\u003c/a> that also has been metamorphosed into \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicgreenstone.htm\">greenstone\u003c/a>. The original pillow shapes persist in some places here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeopillows/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37470\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeopillows\" width=\"500\" height=\"349\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sandstone of the northern bluffs is not the red or brown rock of the Grand Canyon, but a dark grit with its own metamorphic overprint. Of these three rocks, basalt is the weakest, the sandstone grains are the hardest and the chert is the toughest. In Rodeo Cove, the vigorous Pacific surf tosses and sweeps and grinds them together, turning out batch after batch of coarse dark sand mixed with polished chert pebbles. The north end of the beach is the best place to admire (and not collect) this exquisite gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpebs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37473\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpebs\" width=\"500\" height=\"369\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geologists have studied this sediment closely and matched its ingredients to nearby rocks, although one rare constituent used to puzzle them: round pebbles of translucent carnelian, a red-orange gemstone. In \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/bookreviews/fr/booksloan.htm\">\u003ci>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, Doris Sloan states that in the winter of 1967 after an especially strong storm, the outflow channel from Rodeo Lagoon dug its way to basalt bedrock six feet down. In that deeply buried stone the source of the carnelian grains was found. They had formed when bubbles in the lava filled with silica—in geologist's jargon, they were amygdules or mineral-filled vesicles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/amygdules/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37471\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"amygdules\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carnelian in a ring and amygdules in basalt, Berkeley Hills\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since learning this, I've watched for another such coincidence of storm and tide, although a lifetime might not be sufficient. As could be said of various things, the most severe times may produce the most sublime experiences.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As the weather warms, our fancy turns to thoughts of the beach. One of the most interesting is actually a bar.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1336673061,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":608},"headData":{"title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Rodeo Beach | KQED","description":"As the weather warms, our fancy turns to thoughts of the beach. One of the most interesting is actually a bar.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"37469 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=37469","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/","disqusTitle":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Rodeo Beach","path":"/quest/37469/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachtop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37474\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachtop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protecting blue-green Rodeo Lagoon from the green-blue Pacific, Rodeo Beach displays unusual materials in its unusual setting. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The strait called the Golden Gate has beaches on both sides of its seaward end. On the south side, in San Francisco, are Baker Beach and Ocean Beach, which are made of fine sand derived mostly from the Sierra Nevada. On the north side in Marin County is little Rodeo Beach, which is not. Rodeo Beach is small but has a lot to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Beach is next to old Fort Cronkhite in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, situated between the sea and the valley of Rodeo Creek. The beach qualifies as a \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/Depositional-Landforms/bar.htm\">bar\u003c/a>, the geographer's term for a pile of sediment that crosses the mouth of a river. As you can see in the top photo, Rodeo Creek is dammed behind the beach to form Rodeo Lagoon, but some of the water from the lagoon manages to spill across the beach at its north (left) end into Rodeo Cove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Creek supplies no sediment to the shoreline. Instead, the beach's sand and gravel is manufactured on the spot from the local bedrock of the Franciscan Complex, which crops out in steep coastal bluffs on either side. Before you study the beach itself, take a look at these rocks. There are three main Franciscan rock types at Rodeo Beach that you can easily distinguish: on the south side (see below) are chert and basalt and on the north side is sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpan/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37472\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpan\" width=\"600\" height=\"379\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37472\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View south of Rodeo Beach toward Point Bonita\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chert is the most obvious of the three, a hard, flinty stone arranged in hundreds of thin layers. This is the same \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">deep-sea ribbon chert visible along Conzelman Road\u003c/a> as you arrive through the Marin Headlands, but here parts of it have been turned green and even bluish colors by the pressure and chemical action of metamorphism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeochert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37475\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeochert\" width=\"500\" height=\"480\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-400x384.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basalt here is not the black lava you might expect in Hawaii or the Cascade volcanoes. It's largely deep-sea \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/pillowlava/\">pillow lava\u003c/a> that also has been metamorphosed into \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicgreenstone.htm\">greenstone\u003c/a>. The original pillow shapes persist in some places here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeopillows/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37470\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeopillows\" width=\"500\" height=\"349\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sandstone of the northern bluffs is not the red or brown rock of the Grand Canyon, but a dark grit with its own metamorphic overprint. Of these three rocks, basalt is the weakest, the sandstone grains are the hardest and the chert is the toughest. In Rodeo Cove, the vigorous Pacific surf tosses and sweeps and grinds them together, turning out batch after batch of coarse dark sand mixed with polished chert pebbles. The north end of the beach is the best place to admire (and not collect) this exquisite gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpebs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37473\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpebs\" width=\"500\" height=\"369\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geologists have studied this sediment closely and matched its ingredients to nearby rocks, although one rare constituent used to puzzle them: round pebbles of translucent carnelian, a red-orange gemstone. In \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/bookreviews/fr/booksloan.htm\">\u003ci>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, Doris Sloan states that in the winter of 1967 after an especially strong storm, the outflow channel from Rodeo Lagoon dug its way to basalt bedrock six feet down. In that deeply buried stone the source of the carnelian grains was found. They had formed when bubbles in the lava filled with silica—in geologist's jargon, they were amygdules or mineral-filled vesicles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/amygdules/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37471\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"amygdules\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carnelian in a ring and amygdules in basalt, Berkeley Hills\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since learning this, I've watched for another such coincidence of storm and tide, although a lifetime might not be sufficient. As could be said of various things, the most severe times may produce the most sublime experiences.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/37469/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_294","quest_1237","quest_1738","quest_13202","quest_11087","quest_9972"],"featImg":"quest_37474","label":"quest"},"quest_22726":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_22726","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"22726","score":null,"sort":[1313090015000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"what-happens-to-old-quarries","title":"What Happens to Old Quarries?","publishDate":1313090015,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Stony Point Rock Quarry is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sprqinc.com/prod_cotati.html\">a working business in Cotati\u003c/a>, busy making money and serving its community's needs from the humblest of materials. Today, you can't open a quarry without a plan for shutting it down—covering the scars and fixing any pollution. However, the Bay Area is dotted with older quarries, some in your own neighborhood, that closed without full remediation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won't be addressing the problems of mines (like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/21/bay-area-mercury/\">mercury mines\u003c/a>), whether underground or open-pit types. Those foster chemical activity that threatens the environment and they require special care. Today I'll show you some simpler quarries with fairly benign footprints. They can be turned into assets, and they offer some geological interest as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my knowledge, we don't have any dimension-stone quarries around here, the stereotypical kind (think Carrara, or Vermont) where blocks of solid stone are cut from pits. Our old quarries produced limestone, crushed stone, and sand and gravel. Let's look at an example of each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Limestone:\u003c/strong> The former Cowell limestone quarry sits south of Concord in the Lime Ridge Regional Preserve. It's accessible \u003ca href=\"http://www.walnut-creek.org/about/visiting_us/lime_ridge_open_space_.asp\">from Walnut Creek\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.concord.ca.us/pdf/recreation/parks/lime-ridge-map.pdf\">from Concord\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowell1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22728\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowell1\" width=\"640\" height=\"349\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22728\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1-400x218.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the California Division of Mines, the Cowell quarry was opened in 1908 and closed in 1946, \"at which time depletion of local limestone reserves and loss of rail facilities forced a permanent shutdown.\" We may also surmise that the end of wartime conditions affected the market. Not much has been done to the pits, and you can enjoy two great features of the space at your leisure. The first is the view, or views, including this prospect of the Briones Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowell2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22729\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowell2\" width=\"640\" height=\"299\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22729\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2-400x187.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second is the stone itself. Apparently the regional rock, sandstone of the Domengine Formation, featured a thick layer of travertine (hot-spring) limestone. In the rubble you'll see sheets of calcite crystals and intricate layering from that setting. It's safe to assume that no collecting is allowed. Limestone from this site was roasted into lime and used to make cement (as was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/14/calera-limestone-a-gift-from-the-ancient-pacific/\">the Calera Limestone\u003c/a>). Other Bay Area limestone quarries served sugar refiners, foundries and many other industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowellcryst/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22730\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowellcryst\" width=\"640\" height=\"366\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst-400x229.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Crushed stone\u003c/strong> is a necessity of engineering: road beds, runways, and foundations of all kinds use it at many different tightly specified grades. The main prerequisite is sound rock of benign minerals that can be reliably crushed and stay that way without crumbling further into sand. Near the little planned town of El Granada, on the San Mateo coast north of Half Moon Bay, a quarry produced construction stone from a large body of granitic rock, the Montara Quartz Diorite. This stone is closely related to the granite of the High Sierra, and plate tectonics brought it here. It's full of flaky biotite (black mica) and lath-shaped crystals of hornblende in a setting of white quartz and feldspar. Iron from the black minerals has stained the stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranite/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22735\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranite\" width=\"640\" height=\"405\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stone was used locally in highways and the Half Moon Bay Airport, especially during World War II. It then sat quietly until the landowner sold it in 1995. Now called \u003ca href=\"http://www.mpl.sanmateo.org/qpinfo.html\">Quarry Park\u003c/a>, it serves several low-key uses: a playground in front, woodsy trails in back, and an amphitheater-like space in the former pit that looks suited for frisbeeing or picnics. A viewing platform has been built on its top edge for occasions when the sun comes out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranitefloor/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22736\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranitefloor\" width=\"640\" height=\"444\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22736\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor-400x278.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's still work to be done, of course: eucalyptus and other invasives are rampant, for instance. Also the stone itself is suspect. Natural fracturing from our long history of faulting (the site is only a kilometer from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/28/geological-outings-around-the-bay-point-ao-nuevo/\">San Gregorio fault zone\u003c/a>) has made the rock easy to mine, but prone to crumble. This is not a place to linger during an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranitepile/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22737\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranitepile\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22737\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sand and gravel\u003c/strong> are also mainstays of civilization. In the Livermore valley, enormous beds of river gravel were exploited, starting in 1923 with Henry J. Kaiser, and they continue to produce today. Kaiser Industries donated one of its oldest pits, along the Arroyo del Valle, to the East Bay Regional Parks District. This became the mixed-use \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/shadow_cliffs\">Shadow Cliffs Regional Recreation Area\u003c/a>. You can swim and fish in the lake, birdwatch in the riverine habitat, geologize in the gravel and enjoy the views, which include \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/06/02/mount-diablo-views/\">Mount Diablo\u003c/a> and the neighboring pits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowview/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22733\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowview\" width=\"640\" height=\"310\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22733\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview-400x194.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything in the former pit became something useful, from fine sand to \"river rock\" to the head-sized boulders that constitute rip-rap. A close look at the raw material reveals a wide range of rock types, eroded from the Diablo Range and East Bay hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowgrav/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22731\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowgrav\" width=\"640\" height=\"421\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav-400x263.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the east end of the pit the sediments can be seen with their original layering. They represent the heritage of a lengthy time of vigorous rivers and plenty of rainfall. Perhaps the park will grow as more gravel quarries mine out their claims here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowstrata/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22732\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowstrata\" width=\"639\" height=\"369\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata.jpg 639w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata-400x231.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks aren't the only thing that old quarries are good for. The \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandgeology.wordpress.com/2008/03/10/rockridge-shopping-center-quarry/\">former Bilger quarry\u003c/a> in Oakland, at the intersection of Broadway and 51st Street, produced construction stone and aggregate for the growing city starting a century ago. Now it houses a shopping center, with the California College of the Arts perched above it and a deep water-filled pit at its east end. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarryoakland/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22727\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarryoakland\" width=\"640\" height=\"362\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22727\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland-400x226.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Catholic cemetery, from which I took this photo, is not likely to be torn down to fill the pond, so the pit appears to be here to stay. Fortunately the stone here is strong. Other former quarries encompass homes at Larkspur Landing in Marin County and around Telegraph Hill in San Francisco. \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandgeology.wordpress.com/2011/04/23/six-oakland-quarries/\">There are even churches sitting in them\u003c/a>, truly looking at the stars from the gutter.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Some of our older quarries left fairly benign footprints. These can be turned into assets that offer some geological interest as well.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442783702,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":949},"headData":{"title":"What Happens to Old Quarries? | KQED","description":"Some of our older quarries left fairly benign footprints. These can be turned into assets that offer some geological interest as well.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"22726 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=22726","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/","disqusTitle":"What Happens to Old Quarries?","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/22726/what-happens-to-old-quarries","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Stony Point Rock Quarry is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sprqinc.com/prod_cotati.html\">a working business in Cotati\u003c/a>, busy making money and serving its community's needs from the humblest of materials. Today, you can't open a quarry without a plan for shutting it down—covering the scars and fixing any pollution. However, the Bay Area is dotted with older quarries, some in your own neighborhood, that closed without full remediation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won't be addressing the problems of mines (like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/21/bay-area-mercury/\">mercury mines\u003c/a>), whether underground or open-pit types. Those foster chemical activity that threatens the environment and they require special care. Today I'll show you some simpler quarries with fairly benign footprints. They can be turned into assets, and they offer some geological interest as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my knowledge, we don't have any dimension-stone quarries around here, the stereotypical kind (think Carrara, or Vermont) where blocks of solid stone are cut from pits. Our old quarries produced limestone, crushed stone, and sand and gravel. Let's look at an example of each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Limestone:\u003c/strong> The former Cowell limestone quarry sits south of Concord in the Lime Ridge Regional Preserve. It's accessible \u003ca href=\"http://www.walnut-creek.org/about/visiting_us/lime_ridge_open_space_.asp\">from Walnut Creek\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.concord.ca.us/pdf/recreation/parks/lime-ridge-map.pdf\">from Concord\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowell1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22728\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowell1\" width=\"640\" height=\"349\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22728\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell1-400x218.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the California Division of Mines, the Cowell quarry was opened in 1908 and closed in 1946, \"at which time depletion of local limestone reserves and loss of rail facilities forced a permanent shutdown.\" We may also surmise that the end of wartime conditions affected the market. Not much has been done to the pits, and you can enjoy two great features of the space at your leisure. The first is the view, or views, including this prospect of the Briones Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowell2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22729\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowell2\" width=\"640\" height=\"299\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22729\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowell2-400x187.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second is the stone itself. Apparently the regional rock, sandstone of the Domengine Formation, featured a thick layer of travertine (hot-spring) limestone. In the rubble you'll see sheets of calcite crystals and intricate layering from that setting. It's safe to assume that no collecting is allowed. Limestone from this site was roasted into lime and used to make cement (as was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/14/calera-limestone-a-gift-from-the-ancient-pacific/\">the Calera Limestone\u003c/a>). Other Bay Area limestone quarries served sugar refiners, foundries and many other industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriecowellcryst/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22730\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriecowellcryst\" width=\"640\" height=\"366\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriecowellcryst-400x229.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Crushed stone\u003c/strong> is a necessity of engineering: road beds, runways, and foundations of all kinds use it at many different tightly specified grades. The main prerequisite is sound rock of benign minerals that can be reliably crushed and stay that way without crumbling further into sand. Near the little planned town of El Granada, on the San Mateo coast north of Half Moon Bay, a quarry produced construction stone from a large body of granitic rock, the Montara Quartz Diorite. This stone is closely related to the granite of the High Sierra, and plate tectonics brought it here. It's full of flaky biotite (black mica) and lath-shaped crystals of hornblende in a setting of white quartz and feldspar. Iron from the black minerals has stained the stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranite/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22735\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranite\" width=\"640\" height=\"405\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranite-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stone was used locally in highways and the Half Moon Bay Airport, especially during World War II. It then sat quietly until the landowner sold it in 1995. Now called \u003ca href=\"http://www.mpl.sanmateo.org/qpinfo.html\">Quarry Park\u003c/a>, it serves several low-key uses: a playground in front, woodsy trails in back, and an amphitheater-like space in the former pit that looks suited for frisbeeing or picnics. A viewing platform has been built on its top edge for occasions when the sun comes out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranitefloor/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22736\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranitefloor\" width=\"640\" height=\"444\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22736\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitefloor-400x278.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's still work to be done, of course: eucalyptus and other invasives are rampant, for instance. Also the stone itself is suspect. Natural fracturing from our long history of faulting (the site is only a kilometer from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/28/geological-outings-around-the-bay-point-ao-nuevo/\">San Gregorio fault zone\u003c/a>) has made the rock easy to mine, but prone to crumble. This is not a place to linger during an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarrygranitepile/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22737\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarrygranitepile\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22737\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarrygranitepile-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sand and gravel\u003c/strong> are also mainstays of civilization. In the Livermore valley, enormous beds of river gravel were exploited, starting in 1923 with Henry J. Kaiser, and they continue to produce today. Kaiser Industries donated one of its oldest pits, along the Arroyo del Valle, to the East Bay Regional Parks District. This became the mixed-use \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/shadow_cliffs\">Shadow Cliffs Regional Recreation Area\u003c/a>. You can swim and fish in the lake, birdwatch in the riverine habitat, geologize in the gravel and enjoy the views, which include \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/06/02/mount-diablo-views/\">Mount Diablo\u003c/a> and the neighboring pits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowview/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22733\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowview\" width=\"640\" height=\"310\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22733\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowview-400x194.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything in the former pit became something useful, from fine sand to \"river rock\" to the head-sized boulders that constitute rip-rap. A close look at the raw material reveals a wide range of rock types, eroded from the Diablo Range and East Bay hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowgrav/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22731\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowgrav\" width=\"640\" height=\"421\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowgrav-400x263.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the east end of the pit the sediments can be seen with their original layering. They represent the heritage of a lengthy time of vigorous rivers and plenty of rainfall. Perhaps the park will grow as more gravel quarries mine out their claims here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarriesshadowstrata/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22732\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarriesshadowstrata\" width=\"639\" height=\"369\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata.jpg 639w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarriesshadowstrata-400x231.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks aren't the only thing that old quarries are good for. The \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandgeology.wordpress.com/2008/03/10/rockridge-shopping-center-quarry/\">former Bilger quarry\u003c/a> in Oakland, at the intersection of Broadway and 51st Street, produced construction stone and aggregate for the growing city starting a century ago. Now it houses a shopping center, with the California College of the Arts perched above it and a deep water-filled pit at its east end. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/quarryoakland/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-22727\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"quarryoakland\" width=\"640\" height=\"362\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-22727\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/08/quarryoakland-400x226.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Catholic cemetery, from which I took this photo, is not likely to be torn down to fill the pond, so the pit appears to be here to stay. Fortunately the stone here is strong. Other former quarries encompass homes at Larkspur Landing in Marin County and around Telegraph Hill in San Francisco. \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandgeology.wordpress.com/2011/04/23/six-oakland-quarries/\">There are even churches sitting in them\u003c/a>, truly looking at the stars from the gutter.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/22726/what-happens-to-old-quarries","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_9","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3639","quest_2126","quest_3724","quest_13","quest_9972"],"featImg":"quest_22734","label":"source_quest_22726"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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