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(Photo credit Michael Forsberg, Platte Basin Timelapse)\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Platte River in Nebraska in 2012, one of the hottest and driest years on record. (Photo credit Michael Forsberg, Platte Basin Timelapse)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A new tool called the Drought Risk Atlas promises to help decision-makers and the public better understand and prepare for future drought. The Atlas was developed and launched by the \u003ca href=\"http://drought.unl.edu/\">National Drought Mitigation Center \u003c/a>at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, which offers a variety of tools and data related to drought, including reports on precipitation, water supply, vegetation, climate, and drought indices. A climatologist with the Center, Mark Svoboda, explained how their latest innovation will help inform our understanding of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70340\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70340 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtriskatlas-e1399334774136-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"droughtriskatlas\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Drought Risk Atlas\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you explain the Drought Risk Atlas and what it’s going to be used for?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the questions we always get from the newspapers and radio and TV and people in general is, how does this drought compare to the Dust Bowl years or the ’70s or '88? Everyone seems to have a drought they remember. The\u003ca href=\"http://droughtatlas.unl.edu/\"> Drought Risk Atlas\u003c/a> was built with the idea that for the best climate stations out there that have really nice, long-term histories and not a lot of missing data, we can go back and look at the drought history. We’ve built a nice visual interface for that. People that want to download the raw data can get it, but it’s also a nice way to come in and look at the spatial behavior of drought, the intensity of drought. How large of an area, how long did it last, how often does that sort of drought come around? That was the motivation in building this tool, to help decision makers, citizens, and the media. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">We’re going to generate more than 500,000 maps of drought for each week of every year back to the early 1900s.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\">For a citizen, what can they expect to see and draw from this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can search and hopefully find your station in the town you live in. If that doesn't exist or doesn't have a long history, there will be a station close to you. We've clumped these stations into clusters that have similar drought behavior. You can find your location, then look at drought and how it's behaved over time in your region with a variety of maps, time series, and all sorts of neat visualization tools on the interface. And that's all free and available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70354\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 224px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtmonitor.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtmonitor.jpg\" alt=\"droughtmonitor\" width=\"224\" height=\"136\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Drought Monitor releases weekly reports on drought conditions across the country. You can find more at droughtmonitor.unl.edu\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\">Why is this needed or useful?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s to give people a better sense of how they might need to adapt, preparing to get a different mindset about droughts, that they’re a normal part of our climate. We’ve seen [droughts] in the past and we’ll see them in the future with a changing climate. Are these droughts changing in their frequency? Are we seeing them become more intense but more short-lived, are they long-lived but of just a moderate intensity? Knowing how that impacts you and your operation, whether you’re a farmer or rancher or whoever it might be, may help us look to what we should expect from droughts in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70340 size-thumbnail\">Do you think our ability to predict and prepare for drought is improving or has improved during the last few decades?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">This can help folks better hedge their bets... What sort of operational decisions they'll make could be driven by knowing something a few months to half a year in advance.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I think it's improved, but it has an awful long way to go. Especially in this part of the country, we're sort of landlocked. When you hear about El Niño and La Niña, things that are in the news quite often, they have a much stronger relationship to driving weather along the coastal areas of the country, or the Gulf Coast region, for example. In Nebraska it's not quite as strong, but there are indicators out there that if the ocean's in a certain state, whether abnormally warm or cold, you might expect to have a better chance of seeing drought. This can help folks better hedge their bets. Maybe what sort of operational decisions they'll make, depending on their business, could be driven by knowing something a few months to half a year in advance. But the forecast skill depends on a strong oceanic state, and the problem we've had the last two winters -- it's been neutral, not abnormally warm or cool in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/teleconnections/enso/enso-tech.php\">ENSO \u003c/a>(El Niño-Southern Oscillation) region of the equatorial Pacific. So the forecast hasn't been very skillful. So, in those times you want to always be prepared for drought as if it will occur any year, not just when there's a forecast to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70437\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 179px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/022806_svoboda037a-179x253.jpg\" alt=\"022806_svoboda037a\" width=\"179\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Svoboda has been with the National Drought Mitigation Center since it formed in 1995. As the NDMC’s Monitoring Program Area Leader, his duties include overseeing the center’s operational drought monitoring activities and providing expertise on climate and water management issues. (Courtesy photo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">Will the Drought Risk Atlas help predict drought and prepare for drought in the future, knowing the historical record?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where I think this tool will be useful is if you see a forecast for drought, or if you’re in a certain stage of drought, you can go back in the Atlas and look at other periods of drought that behaved the same way and maybe you’ll have a better anticipation of what impacts might be coming if this drought continues, if it gets more intense. If it covers a larger area, will this affect my water supply? Everyone will have a different question they want answered, but our goal was to provide some of the visualization tools that can answer several questions, and most questions we've anticipated. And if it doesn't, we've encouraged people to contact us and let us know what they'd like to see in the Atlas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some irrigators in Nebraska have talked about the “new normal” -- meaning they’re getting used to operating with less water year after year. Do you think the same concept applies to drought, in the sense that we’re in these longer phases of drought or maybe we’re entering a longer dry period?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">That’s the kicker question. The million-dollar question is, is this an interlude? We may go back into wetter times. The models that the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) released in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/\">its report\u003c/a> still show the continuing trend of a hotter atmosphere, which exacerbates drought, but also a moister atmosphere. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">It’s not as easy as it was to look at the past and say, the climate of the past is going to equal the climate of the future. The bars have changed.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> So it depends on the timing of these rains, how many days in between these rains. But in general, it’s not as easy as it was to look at the past and say the climate of the past is going to equal the climate of the future. The bars have changed. And if that shift continues long enough -- say, a couple decades -- that would mean more of a climate shift to the climate regime of a region. We would call that more arid, or aridity, which is a permanent feature of the climate, versus drought, which is a temporary departure from the normal of a region’s climate. So, droughts are going to then be the departure from that new, drier regime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">This interview has been condensed and edited. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new tool promises to help decision makers and the public better understand and prepare for future drought.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442678471,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1354},"headData":{"title":"Drought Risk Atlas Uses Past to Predict Future: A Q&A with Climatologist Mark Svoboda | KQED","description":"A new tool promises to help decision makers and the public better understand and prepare for future drought.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Drought Risk Atlas Uses Past to Predict Future: A Q&A with Climatologist Mark Svoboda","datePublished":"2014-05-22T14:00:55.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T16:01:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"69857 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=69857","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/05/22/drought-risk-atlas-uses-past-to-predict-future-a-qa-with-climatologist-mark-svoboda/","disqusTitle":"Drought Risk Atlas Uses Past to Predict Future: A Q&A with Climatologist Mark Svoboda","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/69857/drought-risk-atlas-uses-past-to-predict-future-a-qa-with-climatologist-mark-svoboda","audioUrl":"https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/MarkSvoboda_web.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/MarkSvoboda_web.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70443\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 540px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70443 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/LiedBridge_20120807_Forsberg_491-540x360.jpg\" alt=\"The Platte River in Nebraska in 2012, one of the hottest and driest years on record. (Photo credit Michael Forsberg, Platte Basin Timelapse)\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Platte River in Nebraska in 2012, one of the hottest and driest years on record. (Photo credit Michael Forsberg, Platte Basin Timelapse)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A new tool called the Drought Risk Atlas promises to help decision-makers and the public better understand and prepare for future drought. The Atlas was developed and launched by the \u003ca href=\"http://drought.unl.edu/\">National Drought Mitigation Center \u003c/a>at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, which offers a variety of tools and data related to drought, including reports on precipitation, water supply, vegetation, climate, and drought indices. A climatologist with the Center, Mark Svoboda, explained how their latest innovation will help inform our understanding of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70340\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70340 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtriskatlas-e1399334774136-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"droughtriskatlas\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Drought Risk Atlas\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you explain the Drought Risk Atlas and what it’s going to be used for?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the questions we always get from the newspapers and radio and TV and people in general is, how does this drought compare to the Dust Bowl years or the ’70s or '88? Everyone seems to have a drought they remember. The\u003ca href=\"http://droughtatlas.unl.edu/\"> Drought Risk Atlas\u003c/a> was built with the idea that for the best climate stations out there that have really nice, long-term histories and not a lot of missing data, we can go back and look at the drought history. We’ve built a nice visual interface for that. People that want to download the raw data can get it, but it’s also a nice way to come in and look at the spatial behavior of drought, the intensity of drought. How large of an area, how long did it last, how often does that sort of drought come around? That was the motivation in building this tool, to help decision makers, citizens, and the media. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">We’re going to generate more than 500,000 maps of drought for each week of every year back to the early 1900s.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\">For a citizen, what can they expect to see and draw from this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can search and hopefully find your station in the town you live in. If that doesn't exist or doesn't have a long history, there will be a station close to you. We've clumped these stations into clusters that have similar drought behavior. You can find your location, then look at drought and how it's behaved over time in your region with a variety of maps, time series, and all sorts of neat visualization tools on the interface. And that's all free and available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70354\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 224px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtmonitor.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/droughtmonitor.jpg\" alt=\"droughtmonitor\" width=\"224\" height=\"136\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Drought Monitor releases weekly reports on drought conditions across the country. You can find more at droughtmonitor.unl.edu\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70354 size-full\">Why is this needed or useful?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s to give people a better sense of how they might need to adapt, preparing to get a different mindset about droughts, that they’re a normal part of our climate. We’ve seen [droughts] in the past and we’ll see them in the future with a changing climate. Are these droughts changing in their frequency? Are we seeing them become more intense but more short-lived, are they long-lived but of just a moderate intensity? Knowing how that impacts you and your operation, whether you’re a farmer or rancher or whoever it might be, may help us look to what we should expect from droughts in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70340 size-thumbnail\">Do you think our ability to predict and prepare for drought is improving or has improved during the last few decades?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">This can help folks better hedge their bets... What sort of operational decisions they'll make could be driven by knowing something a few months to half a year in advance.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I think it's improved, but it has an awful long way to go. Especially in this part of the country, we're sort of landlocked. When you hear about El Niño and La Niña, things that are in the news quite often, they have a much stronger relationship to driving weather along the coastal areas of the country, or the Gulf Coast region, for example. In Nebraska it's not quite as strong, but there are indicators out there that if the ocean's in a certain state, whether abnormally warm or cold, you might expect to have a better chance of seeing drought. This can help folks better hedge their bets. Maybe what sort of operational decisions they'll make, depending on their business, could be driven by knowing something a few months to half a year in advance. But the forecast skill depends on a strong oceanic state, and the problem we've had the last two winters -- it's been neutral, not abnormally warm or cool in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/teleconnections/enso/enso-tech.php\">ENSO \u003c/a>(El Niño-Southern Oscillation) region of the equatorial Pacific. So the forecast hasn't been very skillful. So, in those times you want to always be prepared for drought as if it will occur any year, not just when there's a forecast to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_70437\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 179px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/04/022806_svoboda037a-179x253.jpg\" alt=\"022806_svoboda037a\" width=\"179\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Svoboda has been with the National Drought Mitigation Center since it formed in 1995. As the NDMC’s Monitoring Program Area Leader, his duties include overseeing the center’s operational drought monitoring activities and providing expertise on climate and water management issues. (Courtesy photo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">Will the Drought Risk Atlas help predict drought and prepare for drought in the future, knowing the historical record?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where I think this tool will be useful is if you see a forecast for drought, or if you’re in a certain stage of drought, you can go back in the Atlas and look at other periods of drought that behaved the same way and maybe you’ll have a better anticipation of what impacts might be coming if this drought continues, if it gets more intense. If it covers a larger area, will this affect my water supply? Everyone will have a different question they want answered, but our goal was to provide some of the visualization tools that can answer several questions, and most questions we've anticipated. And if it doesn't, we've encouraged people to contact us and let us know what they'd like to see in the Atlas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some irrigators in Nebraska have talked about the “new normal” -- meaning they’re getting used to operating with less water year after year. Do you think the same concept applies to drought, in the sense that we’re in these longer phases of drought or maybe we’re entering a longer dry period?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">That’s the kicker question. The million-dollar question is, is this an interlude? We may go back into wetter times. The models that the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) released in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/\">its report\u003c/a> still show the continuing trend of a hotter atmosphere, which exacerbates drought, but also a moister atmosphere. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">It’s not as easy as it was to look at the past and say, the climate of the past is going to equal the climate of the future. The bars have changed.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> So it depends on the timing of these rains, how many days in between these rains. But in general, it’s not as easy as it was to look at the past and say the climate of the past is going to equal the climate of the future. The bars have changed. And if that shift continues long enough -- say, a couple decades -- that would mean more of a climate shift to the climate regime of a region. We would call that more arid, or aridity, which is a permanent feature of the climate, versus drought, which is a temporary departure from the normal of a region’s climate. So, droughts are going to then be the departure from that new, drier regime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong class=\"wp-image-70437 size-medium\">This interview has been condensed and edited. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/69857/drought-risk-atlas-uses-past-to-predict-future-a-qa-with-climatologist-mark-svoboda","authors":["10465"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_886","quest_12850","quest_12269","quest_12852","quest_12851","quest_12849","quest_3289","quest_12354","quest_2363","quest_3108"],"featImg":"quest_70443","label":"source_quest_69857"},"quest_69053":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_69053","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"69053","score":null,"sort":[1397052041000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-watershed-moment","title":"A Watershed Moment","publishDate":1397052041,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>When the ribbon was cut on the Rocky Branch project, the stream that flowed through the heart of North Carolina State University was restored, but the university was transformed. Thirty years ago, Rocky Branch was given the dubious distinction of being the “most polluted stream” in the state of North Carolina. Today, it’s a model of restoration practices for the region. Before the restoration, the rain that fell during storms was considered a problem. The university’s management strategy was to get the rain off campus as quickly as possible. After the restoration, however, facilities management had a new appreciation for the rain that fell on campus. Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus. This video is part of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/collections/surface-water-2/\">Surface Water \u003c/a> series.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pre-viewing Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Imagine you are a civil engineer with earth-moving equipment. How would you restore a stream?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Imagine you’re a landscape architect. How would you design a rain garden?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Discussion Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why has rain traditionally been a problem for cities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did the university manage streams in the past?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods did the university use to restore Rocky Branch Creek?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How were university organizations and students involved in the restoration of the area between the dorms?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods are now used to collect rainwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Post-viewing questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why do you think the stream restoration changed the way the university handles stormwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Extension Activity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design a rain garden for your school.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Links to Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://wikiwatershed.org/model.html\" target=\"_blank\">Model My Watershed\u003c/a>, Stroud Water Research Center This innovative and intuitive Web-based hydrologic model uses real GIS data and an authentic, professional-grade model to illustrate the impact of current land use on local hydrology. It allows users to change local conditions to see how best management practices decrease runoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/wqg/srp/2010conference/pdfs/bdoll.generalsession.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Stream Restoration: A Focus on Rocky Branch\u003c/a>, North Carolina Sea Grant This PowerPoint presentation shows before and after images of the Rocky Branch restoration in Raleigh, North Carolina.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://water.epa.gov/action/adopt/index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Adopt Your Watershed\u003c/a>, EPA This database of watershed groups tells you where to find out how to participate as a volunteer in water quality monitoring, stream cleanups and storm drain marking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/waters/ir/\" target=\"_blank\">Water Quality Assessment\u003c/a>, EPA This site provides information reported by each state about the conditions in the surface water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.unctv.org/content/explainer-raincatchers\">Raincatchers,\u003c/a> UNC-TV An educational \"kit\" about how the City of Durham, North Carolina is evaluating the benefits of rain gardens in a cluster of yards. Digital kit includes a 5-minute video, pdf infographic, photogallery, and career biography of a water quality engineer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Next Generation Science Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Performance Expectation:\u003c/strong> Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems. \u003cstrong>HS-ESS3-4\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Disciplinary Core Idea:\u003c/strong> The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires responsible management of natural resources. \u003cstrong>ESS3.C\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crosscutting Concept:\u003c/strong> Stability and change\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Engineering Practice:\u003c/strong> Constructing explanations and designing solutions\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450484594,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":493},"headData":{"title":"A Watershed Moment | KQED","description":"Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Watershed Moment","datePublished":"2014-04-09T14:00:41.000Z","dateModified":"2015-12-19T00:23:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"69053 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=69053","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/04/09/a-watershed-moment/","disqusTitle":"A Watershed Moment","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4rmj7QVyJQ","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/69053/a-watershed-moment","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When the ribbon was cut on the Rocky Branch project, the stream that flowed through the heart of North Carolina State University was restored, but the university was transformed. Thirty years ago, Rocky Branch was given the dubious distinction of being the “most polluted stream” in the state of North Carolina. Today, it’s a model of restoration practices for the region. Before the restoration, the rain that fell during storms was considered a problem. The university’s management strategy was to get the rain off campus as quickly as possible. After the restoration, however, facilities management had a new appreciation for the rain that fell on campus. Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus. This video is part of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/collections/surface-water-2/\">Surface Water \u003c/a> series.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pre-viewing Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Imagine you are a civil engineer with earth-moving equipment. How would you restore a stream?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Imagine you’re a landscape architect. How would you design a rain garden?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Discussion Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why has rain traditionally been a problem for cities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did the university manage streams in the past?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods did the university use to restore Rocky Branch Creek?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How were university organizations and students involved in the restoration of the area between the dorms?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods are now used to collect rainwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Post-viewing questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why do you think the stream restoration changed the way the university handles stormwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Extension Activity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design a rain garden for your school.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Links to Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://wikiwatershed.org/model.html\" target=\"_blank\">Model My Watershed\u003c/a>, Stroud Water Research Center This innovative and intuitive Web-based hydrologic model uses real GIS data and an authentic, professional-grade model to illustrate the impact of current land use on local hydrology. It allows users to change local conditions to see how best management practices decrease runoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/wqg/srp/2010conference/pdfs/bdoll.generalsession.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Stream Restoration: A Focus on Rocky Branch\u003c/a>, North Carolina Sea Grant This PowerPoint presentation shows before and after images of the Rocky Branch restoration in Raleigh, North Carolina.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://water.epa.gov/action/adopt/index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Adopt Your Watershed\u003c/a>, EPA This database of watershed groups tells you where to find out how to participate as a volunteer in water quality monitoring, stream cleanups and storm drain marking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/waters/ir/\" target=\"_blank\">Water Quality Assessment\u003c/a>, EPA This site provides information reported by each state about the conditions in the surface water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.unctv.org/content/explainer-raincatchers\">Raincatchers,\u003c/a> UNC-TV An educational \"kit\" about how the City of Durham, North Carolina is evaluating the benefits of rain gardens in a cluster of yards. Digital kit includes a 5-minute video, pdf infographic, photogallery, and career biography of a water quality engineer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Next Generation Science Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Performance Expectation:\u003c/strong> Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems. \u003cstrong>HS-ESS3-4\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Disciplinary Core Idea:\u003c/strong> The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires responsible management of natural resources. \u003cstrong>ESS3.C\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crosscutting Concept:\u003c/strong> Stability and change\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Engineering Practice:\u003c/strong> Constructing explanations and designing solutions\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/69053/a-watershed-moment","authors":["10443"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_3233","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_1171","quest_12794","quest_12342","quest_10427","quest_2363","quest_2423","quest_12640"],"collections":["quest_12824"],"featImg":"quest_69339","label":"source_quest_69053"},"quest_10828":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_10828","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"10828","score":null,"sort":[1291051329000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"living-in-la-nina","title":"Living in La Niña","publishDate":1291051329,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/westus_tmo_2010329_21.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Satellite image of the western United States, taken on Thanksgiving Day. Image: NASA.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>This Thanksgiving weekend, Bay Area skiers had a lot to be thankful for--ski resorts in the Lake Tahoe area received over 170 inches of snow throughout the weekend. But heavy snow and rain are not expected to continue in the Bay Area, because the world is experiencing a La Niña.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defining sign of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/lanina.html\">La Niña\u003c/a> is cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, near the equator. Cooler water evaporates less than warmer water, so there is less moisture in the air. This means that during a La Niña, there is less precipitation in some areas, like California and the southern United States. Other areas, like the Pacific Northwest, get more precipitation during a La Niña. (Book your winter ski trip strategically!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/anomnight.current1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Sea surface temperature anomalies on November 25, 2010. The equatorial Pacific is cooler than usual (note the blue color), a characteristic of a La Nina event. Image: \u003ca href=\"http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/index.html\">NOAA\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>La Niña also affects air temperature. During a La Niña, the South is typically warmer, while Southern California and the Pacific Northwest are cooler. You can see \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/long_range/seasonal.php?lead=1\">climate predictions\u003c/a> for the next three months, from the National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A La Niña is basically the opposite of an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/el-nino-story.html\">El Niño\u003c/a>. El Niños are characterized by warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific. This happens when the atmospheric pressure system gets a bit out of whack. Usually there is high pressure over the Pacific Ocean and low pressure over the Indian Ocean—picture a see-saw anchored over New Zealand, with the heavy kid sitting on the end over Indonesia. For reasons we don’t quite understand, sometimes the see-saw tilts the other way—now the heavy kid is sitting in the southeastern Pacific, and the kid on the Indonesian side is way up in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This swap in atmospheric pressure has quite a few consequences. The trade winds (which typically blow across the Pacific from the east to the west) get weaker. The water that the trade winds usually push westward instead piles up and moves east. This water is warm, and it evaporates, causing more rainfall along the west coast of South America. Meanwhile, places like Indonesia and Australia get less rainfall, along with drought and fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weakening of the trade winds and westward flow of ocean currents in the Pacific has a second effect. Under non-El Niño circumstances, the trade winds carry the top layer of water to the west, and so water from deeper in the ocean moves up to take its place. This is called upwelling. The water from deep in the ocean is cold and full of nutrients, and it drives the fisheries along the coast of Chile and Peru. Without the trade winds and the upwelling, fisheries crash. A strong El Niño has big economic impacts, not all of which are negative; some agricultural areas are benefited by the extra rainfall, and people in places with unusually warm weather can save on heating bills. Of course, La Niña events have economic impacts too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As scientists learn more about predicting the climate during El Niños and La Niñas, we can plan accordingly and mitigate the economic impacts of these events. My comment about planning your ski vacation according to this year’s La Niña was a little bit serious! Rainfall predictions based on El Niño and La Niña models can help farmers decide which crops to plant. And, here in drought-prone California, La Niña precipitation predictions are influencing \u003ca href=\"http://articles.sfgate.com/2010-11-23/bay-area/24846235_1_water-year-state-hydrologists-water-agencies\">water allocation decisions\u003c/a> for the coming year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ski resorts in the Lake Tahoe area received over 170 inches of snow throughout the weekend. But heavy snow and rain are not expected to continue in the Bay Area, because the world is experiencing a La Niña.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443833783,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":655},"headData":{"title":"Living in La Niña | KQED","description":"Ski resorts in the Lake Tahoe area received over 170 inches of snow throughout the weekend. But heavy snow and rain are not expected to continue in the Bay Area, because the world is experiencing a La Niña.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Living in La Niña","datePublished":"2010-11-29T17:22:09.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-03T00:56:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"10828 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=10828","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/11/29/living-in-la-nina/","disqusTitle":"Living in La Niña","path":"/quest/10828/living-in-la-nina","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/westus_tmo_2010329_21.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Satellite image of the western United States, taken on Thanksgiving Day. Image: NASA.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>This Thanksgiving weekend, Bay Area skiers had a lot to be thankful for--ski resorts in the Lake Tahoe area received over 170 inches of snow throughout the weekend. But heavy snow and rain are not expected to continue in the Bay Area, because the world is experiencing a La Niña.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defining sign of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/lanina.html\">La Niña\u003c/a> is cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, near the equator. Cooler water evaporates less than warmer water, so there is less moisture in the air. This means that during a La Niña, there is less precipitation in some areas, like California and the southern United States. Other areas, like the Pacific Northwest, get more precipitation during a La Niña. (Book your winter ski trip strategically!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/anomnight.current1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Sea surface temperature anomalies on November 25, 2010. The equatorial Pacific is cooler than usual (note the blue color), a characteristic of a La Nina event. Image: \u003ca href=\"http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/index.html\">NOAA\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>La Niña also affects air temperature. During a La Niña, the South is typically warmer, while Southern California and the Pacific Northwest are cooler. You can see \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/long_range/seasonal.php?lead=1\">climate predictions\u003c/a> for the next three months, from the National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A La Niña is basically the opposite of an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/el-nino-story.html\">El Niño\u003c/a>. El Niños are characterized by warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific. This happens when the atmospheric pressure system gets a bit out of whack. Usually there is high pressure over the Pacific Ocean and low pressure over the Indian Ocean—picture a see-saw anchored over New Zealand, with the heavy kid sitting on the end over Indonesia. For reasons we don’t quite understand, sometimes the see-saw tilts the other way—now the heavy kid is sitting in the southeastern Pacific, and the kid on the Indonesian side is way up in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This swap in atmospheric pressure has quite a few consequences. The trade winds (which typically blow across the Pacific from the east to the west) get weaker. The water that the trade winds usually push westward instead piles up and moves east. This water is warm, and it evaporates, causing more rainfall along the west coast of South America. Meanwhile, places like Indonesia and Australia get less rainfall, along with drought and fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weakening of the trade winds and westward flow of ocean currents in the Pacific has a second effect. Under non-El Niño circumstances, the trade winds carry the top layer of water to the west, and so water from deeper in the ocean moves up to take its place. This is called upwelling. The water from deep in the ocean is cold and full of nutrients, and it drives the fisheries along the coast of Chile and Peru. Without the trade winds and the upwelling, fisheries crash. A strong El Niño has big economic impacts, not all of which are negative; some agricultural areas are benefited by the extra rainfall, and people in places with unusually warm weather can save on heating bills. Of course, La Niña events have economic impacts too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As scientists learn more about predicting the climate during El Niños and La Niñas, we can plan accordingly and mitigate the economic impacts of these events. My comment about planning your ski vacation according to this year’s La Niña was a little bit serious! Rainfall predictions based on El Niño and La Niña models can help farmers decide which crops to plant. And, here in drought-prone California, La Niña precipitation predictions are influencing \u003ca href=\"http://articles.sfgate.com/2010-11-23/bay-area/24846235_1_water-year-state-hydrologists-water-agencies\">water allocation decisions\u003c/a> for the coming year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/10828/living-in-la-nina","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_13195","quest_944","quest_1002","quest_3351","quest_1591","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_2363","quest_2682","quest_3108"],"featImg":"quest_10831","label":"quest"},"quest_1987":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_1987","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"1987","score":null,"sort":[1238803224000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reporters-notes-sewage-spills-increasing","title":"Reporter's Notes: Sewage Spills Increasing","publishDate":1238803224,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/sewage-spills-increasing\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/04/radio3-26_sewage300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>The biggest problem can be the smallest thing, and that's the case in the sewer world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20 million gallons of raw sewage spilled into California waterways last year, according to the state Department of Water Resources Control Board. That's not counting the partially treated sewage that makes its way into our water from overflows and sewer system malfunctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many big sewer pipes are old, and many of the sewage treatment plants are antiquated. But the biggest problem faced by sewer systems in California is the tiny pipe called the lateral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the pipe that runs from your home to the street, the small pipes under all of our homes that end up joining the bigger sewer pipes. When those pipes develop cracks, water leaks into them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storm water itself would not overwhelm a sewage system, because it's designed to be a closed system. Storm water is not supposed to BE in sewer pipes. So in one way, it shouldn't even matter what the weather is like – storm water shouldn't really mix with sewage at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But during a rainstorm, water seeps into your broken lateral pipe, and all your neighbors' pipes, and that rainwater mixes with sewage in the sewer pipes, and the volume of water/sewage can actually build up far beyond the capacity of the sewer pipe. And in the same way, thousands and thousands of gallons of water mixed in with the sewage can swamp a treatment plant during a rainstorm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the number one concern of sewage treatment plants now. And the sewer districts need your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those laterals are owned by homeowners. They're on private land, so the district can't just go in there and tear them up to replace or fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, most sewer districts offer a service where they will inspect your laterals to check for leaks, and many have started programs where the district will help pay the cost of repairing or replacing those pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sewer systems are run by local municipalities. Most communities have a local sewer district, and officials at the district can help you inspect and fix your lateral pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/sewage-spills-increasing\">Listen to the Sewage Spills Increasing\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.84372 -122.47717\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The biggest problem can be the smallest thing, and that's the case in the sewer world. More than 20 million gallons of raw sewage spilled into California waterways last year, according to the state Department of Water Resources Control Board. That's not counting the partially treated sewage that makes its way into our water from overflows and sewer system malfunctions.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366755171,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":380},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's Notes: Sewage Spills Increasing | KQED","description":"The biggest problem can be the smallest thing, and that's the case in the sewer world. More than 20 million gallons of raw sewage spilled into California waterways last year, according to the state Department of Water Resources Control Board. That's not counting the partially treated sewage that makes its way into our water from overflows and sewer system malfunctions.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's Notes: Sewage Spills Increasing","datePublished":"2009-04-04T00:00:24.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T22:12:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"1987 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=1987","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/04/03/reporters-notes-sewage-spills-increasing/","disqusTitle":"Reporter's Notes: Sewage Spills Increasing","path":"/quest/1987/reporters-notes-sewage-spills-increasing","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/sewage-spills-increasing\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/04/radio3-26_sewage300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>The biggest problem can be the smallest thing, and that's the case in the sewer world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20 million gallons of raw sewage spilled into California waterways last year, according to the state Department of Water Resources Control Board. That's not counting the partially treated sewage that makes its way into our water from overflows and sewer system malfunctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many big sewer pipes are old, and many of the sewage treatment plants are antiquated. But the biggest problem faced by sewer systems in California is the tiny pipe called the lateral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the pipe that runs from your home to the street, the small pipes under all of our homes that end up joining the bigger sewer pipes. When those pipes develop cracks, water leaks into them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storm water itself would not overwhelm a sewage system, because it's designed to be a closed system. Storm water is not supposed to BE in sewer pipes. So in one way, it shouldn't even matter what the weather is like – storm water shouldn't really mix with sewage at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But during a rainstorm, water seeps into your broken lateral pipe, and all your neighbors' pipes, and that rainwater mixes with sewage in the sewer pipes, and the volume of water/sewage can actually build up far beyond the capacity of the sewer pipe. And in the same way, thousands and thousands of gallons of water mixed in with the sewage can swamp a treatment plant during a rainstorm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the number one concern of sewage treatment plants now. And the sewer districts need your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those laterals are owned by homeowners. They're on private land, so the district can't just go in there and tear them up to replace or fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, most sewer districts offer a service where they will inspect your laterals to check for leaks, and many have started programs where the district will help pay the cost of repairing or replacing those pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sewer systems are run by local municipalities. Most communities have a local sewer district, and officials at the district can help you inspect and fix your lateral pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/sewage-spills-increasing\">Listen to the Sewage Spills Increasing\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.84372 -122.47717\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/1987/reporters-notes-sewage-spills-increasing","authors":["8656"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13198","quest_13201","quest_1586","quest_13206","quest_2363","quest_2487","quest_2598","quest_3108","quest_3114"],"label":"quest"},"quest_722":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_722","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"722","score":null,"sort":[1216773530000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"producers-notes-tracking-raindrops","title":"Producer's Notes: Tracking Raindrops","publishDate":1216773530,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/210b_raindrops30011.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riding to work on BART, about a week before I was to begin shooting this story, I ran into a former colleague of mine whom I had not seen since 2001. He and I had worked together for something like 9 years at KUSF, a non-commercial community radio station in San Francisco. The station -and this particular guy- have always had a reputation for being fairly progressive. OK, that might be an understatement: he's a militant vegan, Critical-Mass-bicycle-riding, anti-automobile, bleeding heart liberal who played a lot of 60's Psychedelia and Prog Rock like the Fugs, the 13th Floor Elevators and Frank Zappa on his radio shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After explaining to him that I was working on a story about the impact that global warming is having on the Earth’s supply of fresh water, I was shocked to find myself arguing with him about the very existence of climate change. He claimed that it was all a bunch of sensationalism and that the Earth's climate has always had dramatic changes and that what we are experiencing now is anecdotal and has nothing to do with humans. He said that even if it is happening, longer growing seasons in northerly regions would be beneficial to world food supply and that an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would cause plants to grow even better. Sure, I’ve heard these types of arguments before but usually not in San Francisco. It was definitely a timely reminder to me about why the media should cover the kind of scientific work that’s being done on this issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given my conversation with BART guy, one of the reasons the \u003ca href=\"http://hydrowatch.cs.berkeley.edu\" target=\"_blank\">Keck Hydrowatch Project\u003c/a> is so interesting to me is that Inez Fung, Todd Dawson and the rest of the team aren’t actually setting out to prove the existence of climate change. The researchers are embarking from the position that without question, global climate change is happening and what we are experiencing today is just the tip of the rapidly melting iceberg. And you know what? I believe them. So, they are dedicating the next four years of their lives to understanding how these changes will affect the availability of fresh water for use by humans, plants and land animals. So far, their predictions are \"rather grim\", as Fung says in the story. It will rain but because we've cut down so many forests, altering the natural landscape that allows the water to cycle back into the atmosphere, much of it will fall in the middle of the ocean where we can't access it. This will result in widespread drought and famine in the not so distant future. Yikes. Being an environmental reporter in this day and age can be a bit disheartening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I was curious how scientists like Fung and Dawson, whose research leads to predictions of widespread climatic chaos and environmental meltdown, are able to cope with their frequently depressing findings. And what do they hope to do with their results? Well, according to Todd Dawson and others on the Keck Hydrowatch team, this project can serve as a model for understanding water movement throughout the globe in order to more fairly allocate water for future human use in a dryer world. But also, and perhaps most importantly, this research can drive home the point that because climate change is largely the result of human activities, its solutions also reside with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/tracking-raindrops\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/tv_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Watch the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/11/10/tracking-raindrops/\">\"Tracking Raindrops\" TV Story \u003c/a> online, as well as find additional links and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>39.730422 -123.644708\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"So, I was curious how scientists like Fung and Dawson, whose research leads to predictions of widespread climatic chaos and environmental meltdown, are able to cope with their frequently depressing findings. And what do they hope to do with their results?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1444931034,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":605},"headData":{"title":"Producer's Notes: Tracking Raindrops | KQED","description":"So, I was curious how scientists like Fung and Dawson, whose research leads to predictions of widespread climatic chaos and environmental meltdown, are able to cope with their frequently depressing findings. And what do they hope to do with their results?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Producer's Notes: Tracking Raindrops","datePublished":"2008-07-23T00:38:50.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-15T17:43:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"722 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=722","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/22/producers-notes-tracking-raindrops/","disqusTitle":"Producer's Notes: Tracking Raindrops","path":"/quest/722/producers-notes-tracking-raindrops","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/210b_raindrops30011.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riding to work on BART, about a week before I was to begin shooting this story, I ran into a former colleague of mine whom I had not seen since 2001. He and I had worked together for something like 9 years at KUSF, a non-commercial community radio station in San Francisco. The station -and this particular guy- have always had a reputation for being fairly progressive. OK, that might be an understatement: he's a militant vegan, Critical-Mass-bicycle-riding, anti-automobile, bleeding heart liberal who played a lot of 60's Psychedelia and Prog Rock like the Fugs, the 13th Floor Elevators and Frank Zappa on his radio shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After explaining to him that I was working on a story about the impact that global warming is having on the Earth’s supply of fresh water, I was shocked to find myself arguing with him about the very existence of climate change. He claimed that it was all a bunch of sensationalism and that the Earth's climate has always had dramatic changes and that what we are experiencing now is anecdotal and has nothing to do with humans. He said that even if it is happening, longer growing seasons in northerly regions would be beneficial to world food supply and that an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would cause plants to grow even better. Sure, I’ve heard these types of arguments before but usually not in San Francisco. It was definitely a timely reminder to me about why the media should cover the kind of scientific work that’s being done on this issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given my conversation with BART guy, one of the reasons the \u003ca href=\"http://hydrowatch.cs.berkeley.edu\" target=\"_blank\">Keck Hydrowatch Project\u003c/a> is so interesting to me is that Inez Fung, Todd Dawson and the rest of the team aren’t actually setting out to prove the existence of climate change. The researchers are embarking from the position that without question, global climate change is happening and what we are experiencing today is just the tip of the rapidly melting iceberg. And you know what? I believe them. So, they are dedicating the next four years of their lives to understanding how these changes will affect the availability of fresh water for use by humans, plants and land animals. So far, their predictions are \"rather grim\", as Fung says in the story. It will rain but because we've cut down so many forests, altering the natural landscape that allows the water to cycle back into the atmosphere, much of it will fall in the middle of the ocean where we can't access it. This will result in widespread drought and famine in the not so distant future. Yikes. Being an environmental reporter in this day and age can be a bit disheartening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I was curious how scientists like Fung and Dawson, whose research leads to predictions of widespread climatic chaos and environmental meltdown, are able to cope with their frequently depressing findings. And what do they hope to do with their results? Well, according to Todd Dawson and others on the Keck Hydrowatch team, this project can serve as a model for understanding water movement throughout the globe in order to more fairly allocate water for future human use in a dryer world. But also, and perhaps most importantly, this research can drive home the point that because climate change is largely the result of human activities, its solutions also reside with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/tracking-raindrops\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/tv_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Watch the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/11/10/tracking-raindrops/\">\"Tracking Raindrops\" TV Story \u003c/a> online, as well as find additional links and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>39.730422 -123.644708\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/722/producers-notes-tracking-raindrops","authors":["209"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_5","quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_621","quest_13198","quest_1586","quest_2363","quest_2893","quest_3108","quest_19"],"label":"quest"},"quest_689":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_689","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"689","score":null,"sort":[1215709685000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"weather-mystery-warm-rain-and-icy-hail","title":"Weather Mystery: Warm Rain and Icy Hail?","publishDate":1215709685,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/hail-storm1.jpg\">\u003c/span>For this past patriotic weekend, I was on the other side of the coast. Namely, driving from Washington DC into the rural wilderness of Virginia for a get away. It was not the man-made fireworks that grabbed my attention but the activity of thunderclouds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was reading out loud as we drove down I-64 towards an ever darkening sky. My friend, Brad shushed me at one point to concentrate on driving. I looked up to see why and was stunned. A sheet of water and staccato pulses of hail and lightning were all I could see. It reminded me of the intensity of being caught in blizzard conditions while driving toward Tahoe in Northern California. But here we were, in Virginia on a very warm and balmy day and the sky had literally opened up with water. What's more, hail was falling. I turned to Brad and asked how could hail exist in such warm conditions? He was stumped and I was fascinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a little detective work, I came up with an answer to the dilemma. Hail is only produced in \u003cem>cumulonimbi\u003c/em> clouds (thunderclouds). They usually only occur at the front of a storm system which was what we experienced. The hail hit in the first ten minutes and then was followed by heavy rain. However, the rain was warm to the touch unlike the frozen water making up the hailstones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire in the nearby \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/northeast/greatdismalswamp/\">Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a> and incredibly hot and humid conditions in Virginia created ideal conditions for hail. Hail is created inside a thunderstorm that has strong updrafts of warm air and downdrafts of cold air. A water droplet with an apex point is picked up by the updrafts and travels into the cooler air and freezes. The apex point known as the condensation nuclei in the water droplet was probably dust from the fire or nearby salt water during this particular hailstorm. (Both Brad and I experienced dry and stinging eyes after going into one of the storms later that weekend, much like the stinging of salt water.) Layers of ice are then accumulated around this nuclei as the droplet goes through a cycle of being caught in an updraft and then carried beyond the freezing level of the atmosphere and then thawing partially in entering the warmer air on a downdraft. This cycle repeats itself creating increasing layers of ice. Then as some point this frozen water droplet with several irregular layers falls to the ground as hail. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the largest hailstones have been recorded during summer storms in humid climates because the warm updrafts and cold downdrafts along with high surface heat create an optimal cycle for large hail. Smaller hailstones can be coupled more easily with larger hailstones in these conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZr8jXo1Uso\">Video of Large Hailstones\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the weekend, we had three more thunderstorms (one of which broke a car back window nearby) and we kept an eye on a thundercloud that looked like it wanted to become a tornado. I came home very thankful for the fog! NOAA the National and Atmospheric Administration has a National Weather Service. At \u003ca href=\"http://www.weather.gov/\">http://www.weather.gov/\u003c/a> anyone can check weather reports in any given area. To issue proper warnings and forecasts regarding hail, the National Weather Service uses a network of NEXRAD doppler radars to detect it. Hail size and probability can be determined from radar data by a computer by different algorithms and compared to the local atmospheric data to determine the threat level. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems the storms have not cleared yet throughout the area in Virginia we visited-- severe thunderstorm warnings are still posted on NOAA. So the fireworks might have passed but thunderclouds are still lighting up the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7697 -122.466\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1215709685,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":634},"headData":{"title":"Weather Mystery: Warm Rain and Icy Hail? | KQED","description":"For this past patriotic weekend, I was on the other side of the coast. Namely, driving from Washington DC into the rural wilderness of Virginia for a get away. It was not the man-made fireworks that grabbed my attention but the activity of thunderclouds. I was reading out loud as we drove down I-64 towards","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Weather Mystery: Warm Rain and Icy Hail?","datePublished":"2008-07-10T17:08:05.000Z","dateModified":"2008-07-10T17:08:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"689 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=689","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/10/weather-mystery-warm-rain-and-icy-hail/","disqusTitle":"Weather Mystery: Warm Rain and Icy Hail?","path":"/quest/689/weather-mystery-warm-rain-and-icy-hail","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/hail-storm1.jpg\">\u003c/span>For this past patriotic weekend, I was on the other side of the coast. Namely, driving from Washington DC into the rural wilderness of Virginia for a get away. It was not the man-made fireworks that grabbed my attention but the activity of thunderclouds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was reading out loud as we drove down I-64 towards an ever darkening sky. My friend, Brad shushed me at one point to concentrate on driving. I looked up to see why and was stunned. A sheet of water and staccato pulses of hail and lightning were all I could see. It reminded me of the intensity of being caught in blizzard conditions while driving toward Tahoe in Northern California. But here we were, in Virginia on a very warm and balmy day and the sky had literally opened up with water. What's more, hail was falling. I turned to Brad and asked how could hail exist in such warm conditions? He was stumped and I was fascinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a little detective work, I came up with an answer to the dilemma. Hail is only produced in \u003cem>cumulonimbi\u003c/em> clouds (thunderclouds). They usually only occur at the front of a storm system which was what we experienced. The hail hit in the first ten minutes and then was followed by heavy rain. However, the rain was warm to the touch unlike the frozen water making up the hailstones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire in the nearby \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/northeast/greatdismalswamp/\">Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a> and incredibly hot and humid conditions in Virginia created ideal conditions for hail. Hail is created inside a thunderstorm that has strong updrafts of warm air and downdrafts of cold air. A water droplet with an apex point is picked up by the updrafts and travels into the cooler air and freezes. The apex point known as the condensation nuclei in the water droplet was probably dust from the fire or nearby salt water during this particular hailstorm. (Both Brad and I experienced dry and stinging eyes after going into one of the storms later that weekend, much like the stinging of salt water.) Layers of ice are then accumulated around this nuclei as the droplet goes through a cycle of being caught in an updraft and then carried beyond the freezing level of the atmosphere and then thawing partially in entering the warmer air on a downdraft. This cycle repeats itself creating increasing layers of ice. Then as some point this frozen water droplet with several irregular layers falls to the ground as hail. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the largest hailstones have been recorded during summer storms in humid climates because the warm updrafts and cold downdrafts along with high surface heat create an optimal cycle for large hail. Smaller hailstones can be coupled more easily with larger hailstones in these conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZr8jXo1Uso\">Video of Large Hailstones\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the weekend, we had three more thunderstorms (one of which broke a car back window nearby) and we kept an eye on a thundercloud that looked like it wanted to become a tornado. I came home very thankful for the fog! NOAA the National and Atmospheric Administration has a National Weather Service. At \u003ca href=\"http://www.weather.gov/\">http://www.weather.gov/\u003c/a> anyone can check weather reports in any given area. To issue proper warnings and forecasts regarding hail, the National Weather Service uses a network of NEXRAD doppler radars to detect it. Hail size and probability can be determined from radar data by a computer by different algorithms and compared to the local atmospheric data to determine the threat level. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems the storms have not cleared yet throughout the area in Virginia we visited-- severe thunderstorm warnings are still posted on NOAA. So the fireworks might have passed but thunderclouds are still lighting up the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7697 -122.466\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/689/weather-mystery-warm-rain-and-icy-hail","authors":["10173"],"tags":["quest_246","quest_431","quest_1302","quest_1438","quest_3351","quest_1991","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_2363","quest_2651","quest_2934","quest_3108","quest_19"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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