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(David Feinberg/UC Berkeley)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/brains.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/brains-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">fMRI brain scans. (David Feinberg/UC Berkeley)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Get ready for the year – or the decade – of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama recently announced what he called the next “Great American Project”: $100 million, plus private investment, to study what he called “that matter between our ears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of this work is already happening here in the Bay Area, where neuroscientists are starting small and dreaming big.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nCracking the Code\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's an idea about the brain that you hear a lot: That it’s akin to a language. If you could just figure out the meaning of every letter, you could read it and say – or do – anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about what we could do once we do crack this code,” said President Obama in announcing his BRAIN initiative, which he’ll also have to sell to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine if no family had to feel helpless watching a loved one disappear behind the mask of Parkinson’s or struggle in the grip of epilepsy. Imagine if we could reverse traumatic brain injury or PTSD for our veterans who are coming home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before any of that can be achieved – even if it can be achieved – we have to understand the brain first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The human brain is the most complicated known entity in the universe,” says William Newsome, a Stanford University professor of neurobiology and co-chair of the president’s BRAIN Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's Newsome’s job to figure out what this mapping plan is all about.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\"The most complex entity in the universe\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says consider the numbers. There could be close to a hundred billion\u003cem> \u003c/em>neurons, or nerve cells, in the human brain. And somewhere in the neighborhood of a thousand trillion connections, zapping little jolts of information back and forth from cell to cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mapping at that level is not going to happen anytime soon, Newsome says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to solve and completely understand the human brain in ten years, or probably not even in 100 years,\" says Newsome. “It may take us a couple hundred years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a long time, which is one reason the project has been criticized as too vague.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the goal of the BRAIN initiative isn't to fully map the brain or to cure a specific disease, what is it? And without a specific goal, how do you decide what kind of research to focus on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like trying to understand a beach. Do you count the grains of sand? Or study satellite photos of the entire coastline?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somewhere near the satellite level is the work happening in UC Berkeley psychology professor Jack Gallant’s lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A graduate student named James is trying to stay as still as possible inside a functional MRI machine. When James squeezes a ball, the machine beeps steadily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the sound of data,” Gallant says.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMind Reading, Circa 2013\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gallant points to a computer monitor where, every two seconds, another crisp, black and white image of James’ brain refreshes itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the cortex, the cerebellum back here. This is the brain stem, the thalamus,” Gallant says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using the fMRI, Gallant’s lab has been able to record what happens inside subjects’ brains while they watch movies, and then translate those responses into images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These reconstructed videos are blurry but remarkable, about as close to mind-reading as we get in 2013. Gallant says in theory, this is just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In principle, it’s probably possible to reconstruct any activity in your brain that reflects ongoing conscious brain processes,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsjDnYxJ0bo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any conscious thought could, one day, be visible to the outside world: a memory, a dream or your private, internal dialogues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this little person in our head that talks to us all the time,” says Gallant. “There’s no reason we shouldn’t be able to reconstruct that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As amazing – and scary – as this is, Gallant and others are quick to point out that the fMRI is full of limitations. For example, it doesn’t actually show neurons, let alone the connections between them. To be able to easily watch human neurons in action would take a machine that hasn’t been invented yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we knew what that technology will be, we would invent it today,” Gallant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the BRAIN Initiative is almost certainly going to involve engineers building better machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll also involve work that has seemingly very little to do with humans at all. This work is a lot closer to the grain of sand level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nStarting Small, Dreaming Big\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Ngai, director of UC Berkeley’s Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, studies the olfactory system of – among other things – zebrafish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ngai wants to understand what happens in the brain of a zebrafish when it detects pheromones that signal danger. When the fish smell this pheromone, they dive to the bottom of the tank and hide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which of the zebra fish’s 100,000 or so neurons are driving this reaction and how?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Ngai’s lab can figure this out, they’d have a working model for how information in a brain translates into behavior. And eventually not just for zebrafish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsome, the head of the BRAIN Initiative, says\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>fast-forward this line of work a generation or a few, and maybe you're closer to curing diseases like Alzheimer’s. Maybe you’ve even started to answer bigger questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions like, says Newsome, “why do I make so many mistakes that I know perfectly well are avoidable? Why do I hurt people that I love? Why do I turn left at some corner when I knew perfectly well that I should have turned right? What is it up there inside our head that produce emotions?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big questions that will have to start with very small answers.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Obama's BRAIN Initiative directs $100 million in public money toward basic brain research. But what's the goal?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443823718,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":1046},"headData":{"title":"Brain Mapping: From the Basics to Science Fiction | KQED","description":"Obama's BRAIN Initiative directs $100 million in public money toward basic brain research. But what's the goal?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Brain Mapping: From the Basics to Science Fiction","datePublished":"2013-04-19T21:50:49.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-02T22:08:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"52616 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=52616","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/19/brain-mapping-from-the-basics-to-science-fiction/","disqusTitle":"Brain Mapping: From the Basics to Science Fiction","WpOldSlug":"west-coast-a-test-bed-for-ocean-acidification-2","path":"/quest/52616/brain-mapping-from-the-basics-to-science-fiction","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/04/20130422science.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audioLink","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/04/20130422science.mp3"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52713\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52713\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/brains.jpg\" alt=\"fMRI brain scans. (David Feinberg/UC Berkeley)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/brains.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/brains-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">fMRI brain scans. (David Feinberg/UC Berkeley)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Get ready for the year – or the decade – of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama recently announced what he called the next “Great American Project”: $100 million, plus private investment, to study what he called “that matter between our ears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of this work is already happening here in the Bay Area, where neuroscientists are starting small and dreaming big.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nCracking the Code\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's an idea about the brain that you hear a lot: That it’s akin to a language. If you could just figure out the meaning of every letter, you could read it and say – or do – anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about what we could do once we do crack this code,” said President Obama in announcing his BRAIN initiative, which he’ll also have to sell to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine if no family had to feel helpless watching a loved one disappear behind the mask of Parkinson’s or struggle in the grip of epilepsy. Imagine if we could reverse traumatic brain injury or PTSD for our veterans who are coming home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before any of that can be achieved – even if it can be achieved – we have to understand the brain first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The human brain is the most complicated known entity in the universe,” says William Newsome, a Stanford University professor of neurobiology and co-chair of the president’s BRAIN Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's Newsome’s job to figure out what this mapping plan is all about.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\"The most complex entity in the universe\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says consider the numbers. There could be close to a hundred billion\u003cem> \u003c/em>neurons, or nerve cells, in the human brain. And somewhere in the neighborhood of a thousand trillion connections, zapping little jolts of information back and forth from cell to cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mapping at that level is not going to happen anytime soon, Newsome says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to solve and completely understand the human brain in ten years, or probably not even in 100 years,\" says Newsome. “It may take us a couple hundred years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a long time, which is one reason the project has been criticized as too vague.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the goal of the BRAIN initiative isn't to fully map the brain or to cure a specific disease, what is it? And without a specific goal, how do you decide what kind of research to focus on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like trying to understand a beach. Do you count the grains of sand? Or study satellite photos of the entire coastline?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somewhere near the satellite level is the work happening in UC Berkeley psychology professor Jack Gallant’s lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A graduate student named James is trying to stay as still as possible inside a functional MRI machine. When James squeezes a ball, the machine beeps steadily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the sound of data,” Gallant says.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMind Reading, Circa 2013\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gallant points to a computer monitor where, every two seconds, another crisp, black and white image of James’ brain refreshes itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the cortex, the cerebellum back here. This is the brain stem, the thalamus,” Gallant says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using the fMRI, Gallant’s lab has been able to record what happens inside subjects’ brains while they watch movies, and then translate those responses into images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These reconstructed videos are blurry but remarkable, about as close to mind-reading as we get in 2013. Gallant says in theory, this is just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In principle, it’s probably possible to reconstruct any activity in your brain that reflects ongoing conscious brain processes,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsjDnYxJ0bo'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsjDnYxJ0bo'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any conscious thought could, one day, be visible to the outside world: a memory, a dream or your private, internal dialogues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this little person in our head that talks to us all the time,” says Gallant. “There’s no reason we shouldn’t be able to reconstruct that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As amazing – and scary – as this is, Gallant and others are quick to point out that the fMRI is full of limitations. For example, it doesn’t actually show neurons, let alone the connections between them. To be able to easily watch human neurons in action would take a machine that hasn’t been invented yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we knew what that technology will be, we would invent it today,” Gallant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the BRAIN Initiative is almost certainly going to involve engineers building better machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll also involve work that has seemingly very little to do with humans at all. This work is a lot closer to the grain of sand level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nStarting Small, Dreaming Big\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Ngai, director of UC Berkeley’s Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, studies the olfactory system of – among other things – zebrafish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ngai wants to understand what happens in the brain of a zebrafish when it detects pheromones that signal danger. When the fish smell this pheromone, they dive to the bottom of the tank and hide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which of the zebra fish’s 100,000 or so neurons are driving this reaction and how?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Ngai’s lab can figure this out, they’d have a working model for how information in a brain translates into behavior. And eventually not just for zebrafish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsome, the head of the BRAIN Initiative, says\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>fast-forward this line of work a generation or a few, and maybe you're closer to curing diseases like Alzheimer’s. Maybe you’ve even started to answer bigger questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions like, says Newsome, “why do I make so many mistakes that I know perfectly well are avoidable? Why do I hurt people that I love? Why do I turn left at some corner when I knew perfectly well that I should have turned right? What is it up there inside our head that produce emotions?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big questions that will have to start with very small answers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/52616/brain-mapping-from-the-basics-to-science-fiction","authors":["210"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_11916","quest_252","quest_11915","quest_11917","quest_11194","quest_1886","quest_13203","quest_11918","quest_2030"],"featImg":"quest_52713","label":"quest"},"quest_1257":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_1257","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"1257","score":null,"sort":[1233953101000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-president-said-weatherization","title":"The President Said "Weatherization"","publishDate":1233953101,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/02/heater.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>I woke up this morning in Washington DC to snow flurries and then, at a conference of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nascsp.org/\" target=\"_blank\">National Association of State Community Service Providers\u003c/a> (NASCSP), to a blizzard of acronyms. I will be dreaming of strings of letters for the rest of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NASCSP is an organization of state-level leaders of weatherization programs and community action agencies. The Department of Energy (DOE) provides funds to the \u003ca href=\"http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/weatherization/\" target=\"_blank\">Weatherization Assistance Program\u003c/a> (WAP). Its mission is to make the homes of low-income people more energy efficient, safe, healthy, and affordable. It has a pretty good track record in that for every dollar they spend weatherizing a house, someone saves two dollars, and the planet avoids a few tons of greenhouse gas emissions. And the weatherization community is a pretty diverse group. In the green building world, I have never seen so many women and people of color involved in every facet of the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the funds for weatherization work also come through the Low-Income Heating Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP); some through Energy Conservation Block Grants (ECBG); some through Community Service Block Grants (CSBG); the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD); the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (ReGGIe) in the Northeast; and other acronyms... I mean organizations. Thank goodness, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) keeps track of all those funds and how they are spent, and these folks are sticklers for details. They know what all the acronyms mean. Under the Obama administration they are gearing up to be even more demanding of transparency and performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a very exciting time to be in Washington and at the NASCSP conference. The House \"American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009\" allocates more than $6 billion for weatherizing homes in the United States. The Senate is still debating its version of the bill, but right now they are allocating $2.9 billion for weatherization. \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jan2009/tc20090129_222846.htm\" target=\"_blank\">President Obama has made a firm commitment to weatherizing\u003c/a> 1 million homes a year for the next ten years, and even mentioned \"weatherization\" several times on television. He calls it a \"three for.\" The program helps people afford to stay in their homes by lowering their energy bills, it creates good jobs with a future, and it moves the nation closer to energy independence. To put things into context, the budget for weatherization in 2008 was about $250 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 2009 budget sent to congress last February, President Bush allotted $0 to weatherization. That's what people in weatherization work are used to for the past several years - figuring out how to do more for less. Now they are getting ready for a flood of money, and that is not an easy challenge. For the weatherization community, the state agencies, the nonprofit service providers, and the contractors who are fueled by the desire to have everyone live in a safe and affordable home, it means doing the same excellent work they have been doing for decades - just much much more of it. These people are big on quality and will not sacrifice it for numbers. They know they will be judged on measurable results - energy saved per dollars spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like we have been swimming upstream for a decade,\" said a conference participant. \"Now we're going white water rafting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"I woke up this morning in Washington DC to snow flurries and then, at a conference of the National Association of State Community Service Providers (NASCSP), to a blizzard of acronyms. I will be dreaming of strings of letters for the rest of the year.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1233953101,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":555},"headData":{"title":"The President Said "Weatherization" | KQED","description":"I woke up this morning in Washington DC to snow flurries and then, at a conference of the National Association of State Community Service Providers (NASCSP), to a blizzard of acronyms. I will be dreaming of strings of letters for the rest of the year.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The President Said "Weatherization"","datePublished":"2009-02-06T20:45:01.000Z","dateModified":"2009-02-06T20:45:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"1257 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=1257","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/02/06/the-president-said-weatherization/","disqusTitle":"The President Said "Weatherization"","path":"/quest/1257/the-president-said-weatherization","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/02/heater.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>I woke up this morning in Washington DC to snow flurries and then, at a conference of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nascsp.org/\" target=\"_blank\">National Association of State Community Service Providers\u003c/a> (NASCSP), to a blizzard of acronyms. I will be dreaming of strings of letters for the rest of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NASCSP is an organization of state-level leaders of weatherization programs and community action agencies. The Department of Energy (DOE) provides funds to the \u003ca href=\"http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/weatherization/\" target=\"_blank\">Weatherization Assistance Program\u003c/a> (WAP). Its mission is to make the homes of low-income people more energy efficient, safe, healthy, and affordable. It has a pretty good track record in that for every dollar they spend weatherizing a house, someone saves two dollars, and the planet avoids a few tons of greenhouse gas emissions. And the weatherization community is a pretty diverse group. In the green building world, I have never seen so many women and people of color involved in every facet of the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the funds for weatherization work also come through the Low-Income Heating Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP); some through Energy Conservation Block Grants (ECBG); some through Community Service Block Grants (CSBG); the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD); the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (ReGGIe) in the Northeast; and other acronyms... I mean organizations. Thank goodness, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) keeps track of all those funds and how they are spent, and these folks are sticklers for details. They know what all the acronyms mean. Under the Obama administration they are gearing up to be even more demanding of transparency and performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a very exciting time to be in Washington and at the NASCSP conference. The House \"American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009\" allocates more than $6 billion for weatherizing homes in the United States. The Senate is still debating its version of the bill, but right now they are allocating $2.9 billion for weatherization. \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jan2009/tc20090129_222846.htm\" target=\"_blank\">President Obama has made a firm commitment to weatherizing\u003c/a> 1 million homes a year for the next ten years, and even mentioned \"weatherization\" several times on television. He calls it a \"three for.\" The program helps people afford to stay in their homes by lowering their energy bills, it creates good jobs with a future, and it moves the nation closer to energy independence. To put things into context, the budget for weatherization in 2008 was about $250 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 2009 budget sent to congress last February, President Bush allotted $0 to weatherization. That's what people in weatherization work are used to for the past several years - figuring out how to do more for less. Now they are getting ready for a flood of money, and that is not an easy challenge. For the weatherization community, the state agencies, the nonprofit service providers, and the contractors who are fueled by the desire to have everyone live in a safe and affordable home, it means doing the same excellent work they have been doing for decades - just much much more of it. These people are big on quality and will not sacrifice it for numbers. They know they will be judged on measurable results - energy saved per dollars spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like we have been swimming upstream for a decade,\" said a conference participant. \"Now we're going white water rafting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/1257/the-president-said-weatherization","authors":["10175"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_683","quest_996","quest_1269","quest_1381","quest_2030","quest_2251","quest_3127"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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