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Curry","firstName":"Arwen","lastName":"Curry","slug":"acurry","email":"acurry@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Arwen Curry is Associate Producer of TV at KQED Science. She comes to KQED from documentary film, and is director of \u003cem>Worlds of Ursula K. Le Guin\u003c/em>, a feature documentary about the influential science fiction writer. She was Associate Producer of the films \u003cem>Regarding Susan Sontag\u003c/em>, \u003cem>American Jerusalem: Jews and the Making of San Francisco\u003c/em>, \u003cem>EAMES: The Architect & The Painter\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Utopia in Four Movements\u003c/em>, and co-produced and directed \u003cem>Stuffed\u003c/em>, a short film about compulsive hoarding. Arwen was editor of the punk magazine \u003cem>Maximum Rock 'n' Roll\u003c/em>, and has been a contributor to Radio Lab and McSweeney’s. She is a Bay Area native and a graduate of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["leadcoordinator","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Arwen Curry | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/acurry"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_17514":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17514","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17514","score":null,"sort":[1415804432000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"catching-up-on-sleep-science","title":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","publishDate":1415804432,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This video story was originally produced by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/sheraz-sadiq/\">Sheraz Sadiq\u003c/a> and was updated by\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/lisalanders/\"> Lisa Landers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/acurry/\">Arwen Curry.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be honest – do you ever brag about how little sleep you get? If so, you’re not alone. Humans are the only species that seems to deliberately deprive themselves of sleep. But if you’ve ever uttered a phrase like “I’ll sleep when I’m dead,” it’s time for a wake-up call, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72675\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-72675\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Researchers have long known that adequate sleep is critical for good health. Insufficient sleep \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/expert-answers/lack-of-sleep/faq-20057757\">impairs the immune system\u003c/a>, and is associated with everything from \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/sleep/\">obesity\u003c/a> to cardiovascular disease, stroke to cancer, depression to schizophrenia and \u003ca href=\"http://news.temple.edu/news/2014-03-18/chronic-sleep-disturbance-might-trigger-onset-alzheimer%E2%80%99s\">Alzheimer’s disease\u003c/a>. Now scientists are several steps closer to knowing how sleep keeps us healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important clue about sleep’s function surfaced in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v16/n2/full/nn.3303.html\">a 2013 study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/index.html\">Nature Neuroscience\u003c/a> \u003c/em>and conducted at the University of California-Berkeley. The study, by neuroscience professor Matthew Walker and his colleagues, showed that the structural changes the brain experiences as we age damage the quality of deep sleep. This hinders the brain’s ongoing ability to store memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72671\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 264px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72671 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800-264x169.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley Photo by Arwen Curry.\" width=\"264\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley.\u003cbr> Photo by Arwen Curry.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists were already aware of a connection between sleep and memory – now they are developing a working hypothesis about how the mechanism actually works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though your learning system is like a USB stick,” Walker said. “During the day you’re acquiring lots of information rapidly.” This information is lodged in an area of the brain called the hippocampus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when we sleep, this data is exported to “the hard drive of our brain,” a larger storage space called the cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we wake up the next day, our USB stick has now been cleared out, so we can start to learn new information anew,” Walker said. “We’ve refreshed our learning capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that we need less sleep as we age is a fallacy, he added. It now appears that the brain is physically unable to achieve the amount of slow-wave, non-rapid-eye-movement sleep needed to consolidate memories as we grow older. By the time we’re 50 years old, non-REM sleep has reduced by half compared to when we were 18 years old. By the time we’re 70, deep sleep is down to about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72668 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists use electric pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists use electrical pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This research suggests that improving slow-wave sleep, which takes up about a quarter of the night, could slow the decline of memory as we age. Scientists are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016643289390140L\">ways to use electrical stimulation to improve deep sleep in older people\u003c/a> by attaching electrodes to the scalp to create a mild current that mimics the pattern of slow-wave sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science of sleep has traditionally been abstract, but advances in imaging technology now allow scientists to peek inside the sleeping brain. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=3956\">a groundbreaking 2013 study\u003c/a>, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center injected dyes into the brains of sleeping mice, and watched in real-time as the neurons in their brains shrank dramatically by about 60 percent. This increased the spaces between the brain cells, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to easily flow through and cleanse the brain of naturally occurring toxic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72672 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse. Photo courtesy of the University of Rochester Medical Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though you’re sort of walking past one of those delightful posh hotels and during the day there’s lots of dirt that happens on the sidewalk,” said Walker. “And then at night, someone comes out with one of those pressure-jet washers and cleans it all out, so that it’s fresh and functional the next day. That’s exactly what we think is now happening during sleep at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note is that chronic sleep deprivation contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887018\">the buildup of a toxic protein called beta-amyloid\u003c/a>, which is a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker’s research also suggests strong connections between sleep and creativity and emotional regulation. But with all we’ve learned about sleep, there remains much more to be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think about it,” said Walker, “we’ve understood the other three main biological drives – eating, drinking and reproducing – for many tens, if not hundreds, of years. But the fourth main biological drive, common across all species that we’ve studied, which is to sleep, remains that quintessential mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is clear: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/166553/less-recommended-amount-sleep.aspx\">People are sleeping demonstrably less than they did 70 years ago\u003c/a>. An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of chronic sleep disorder, and 40 percent get less than the recommended amount of sleep – seven and a half to eight hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing factors include multi-tasking, the invasion of technology in the bedroom and long commute times, which rob us of precious free hours, Walker said. But the biggest culprit may be our own attitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think where we’re at in modern-day society is a problematic relationship with sleep,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that sleep is fundamentally important at the most basic of biological levels,” he said. “But something strange has happened – sleep has received a stigma. There’s some kind of intonation which suggests that getting sufficient sleep is equivalent to being lazy. We wear this badge of sleep deprivation like some kind of honor emblem on our arm, and that’s profoundly misguided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Additional Links\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTIDkj9Tn58\">Watch the full episode of QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408261000\">Forum with Michael Krasny: sleep expert Matthew Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/27/sleep-apps-myths-and-more-strategies-for-a-good-nights-rest/\">Sleep Apps, Myths and More: Strategies for a Good Night’s Rest\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201311270930\">Forum with Dave Iverson: sleep therapy as a treatment for depression\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sleep: It’s more important than you might think. Watch the video to see how sleep imprints memories, regulates emotions, and cleanses the brain of toxins. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442634965,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1052},"headData":{"title":"Catching Up on Sleep Science | KQED","description":"Sleep: It’s more important than you might think. Watch the video to see how sleep imprints memories, regulates emotions, and cleanses the brain of toxins. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","datePublished":"2014-11-12T15:00:32.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T03:56:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17514 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/catching-up-on-sleep-science/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/11/12/catching-up-on-sleep-science/","disqusTitle":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HW1HxGJAjqY","source":"Health","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/health/","path":"/quest/17514/catching-up-on-sleep-science","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This video story was originally produced by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/sheraz-sadiq/\">Sheraz Sadiq\u003c/a> and was updated by\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/lisalanders/\"> Lisa Landers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/acurry/\">Arwen Curry.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be honest – do you ever brag about how little sleep you get? If so, you’re not alone. Humans are the only species that seems to deliberately deprive themselves of sleep. But if you’ve ever uttered a phrase like “I’ll sleep when I’m dead,” it’s time for a wake-up call, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72675\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-72675\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Researchers have long known that adequate sleep is critical for good health. Insufficient sleep \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/expert-answers/lack-of-sleep/faq-20057757\">impairs the immune system\u003c/a>, and is associated with everything from \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/sleep/\">obesity\u003c/a> to cardiovascular disease, stroke to cancer, depression to schizophrenia and \u003ca href=\"http://news.temple.edu/news/2014-03-18/chronic-sleep-disturbance-might-trigger-onset-alzheimer%E2%80%99s\">Alzheimer’s disease\u003c/a>. Now scientists are several steps closer to knowing how sleep keeps us healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important clue about sleep’s function surfaced in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v16/n2/full/nn.3303.html\">a 2013 study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/index.html\">Nature Neuroscience\u003c/a> \u003c/em>and conducted at the University of California-Berkeley. The study, by neuroscience professor Matthew Walker and his colleagues, showed that the structural changes the brain experiences as we age damage the quality of deep sleep. This hinders the brain’s ongoing ability to store memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72671\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 264px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72671 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800-264x169.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley Photo by Arwen Curry.\" width=\"264\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley.\u003cbr> Photo by Arwen Curry.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists were already aware of a connection between sleep and memory – now they are developing a working hypothesis about how the mechanism actually works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though your learning system is like a USB stick,” Walker said. “During the day you’re acquiring lots of information rapidly.” This information is lodged in an area of the brain called the hippocampus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when we sleep, this data is exported to “the hard drive of our brain,” a larger storage space called the cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we wake up the next day, our USB stick has now been cleared out, so we can start to learn new information anew,” Walker said. “We’ve refreshed our learning capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that we need less sleep as we age is a fallacy, he added. It now appears that the brain is physically unable to achieve the amount of slow-wave, non-rapid-eye-movement sleep needed to consolidate memories as we grow older. By the time we’re 50 years old, non-REM sleep has reduced by half compared to when we were 18 years old. By the time we’re 70, deep sleep is down to about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72668 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists use electric pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists use electrical pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This research suggests that improving slow-wave sleep, which takes up about a quarter of the night, could slow the decline of memory as we age. Scientists are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016643289390140L\">ways to use electrical stimulation to improve deep sleep in older people\u003c/a> by attaching electrodes to the scalp to create a mild current that mimics the pattern of slow-wave sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science of sleep has traditionally been abstract, but advances in imaging technology now allow scientists to peek inside the sleeping brain. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=3956\">a groundbreaking 2013 study\u003c/a>, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center injected dyes into the brains of sleeping mice, and watched in real-time as the neurons in their brains shrank dramatically by about 60 percent. This increased the spaces between the brain cells, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to easily flow through and cleanse the brain of naturally occurring toxic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72672 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse. Photo courtesy of the University of Rochester Medical Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though you’re sort of walking past one of those delightful posh hotels and during the day there’s lots of dirt that happens on the sidewalk,” said Walker. “And then at night, someone comes out with one of those pressure-jet washers and cleans it all out, so that it’s fresh and functional the next day. That’s exactly what we think is now happening during sleep at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note is that chronic sleep deprivation contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887018\">the buildup of a toxic protein called beta-amyloid\u003c/a>, which is a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker’s research also suggests strong connections between sleep and creativity and emotional regulation. But with all we’ve learned about sleep, there remains much more to be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think about it,” said Walker, “we’ve understood the other three main biological drives – eating, drinking and reproducing – for many tens, if not hundreds, of years. But the fourth main biological drive, common across all species that we’ve studied, which is to sleep, remains that quintessential mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is clear: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/166553/less-recommended-amount-sleep.aspx\">People are sleeping demonstrably less than they did 70 years ago\u003c/a>. An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of chronic sleep disorder, and 40 percent get less than the recommended amount of sleep – seven and a half to eight hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing factors include multi-tasking, the invasion of technology in the bedroom and long commute times, which rob us of precious free hours, Walker said. But the biggest culprit may be our own attitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think where we’re at in modern-day society is a problematic relationship with sleep,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that sleep is fundamentally important at the most basic of biological levels,” he said. “But something strange has happened – sleep has received a stigma. There’s some kind of intonation which suggests that getting sufficient sleep is equivalent to being lazy. We wear this badge of sleep deprivation like some kind of honor emblem on our arm, and that’s profoundly misguided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Additional Links\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTIDkj9Tn58\">Watch the full episode of QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408261000\">Forum with Michael Krasny: sleep expert Matthew Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/27/sleep-apps-myths-and-more-strategies-for-a-good-nights-rest/\">Sleep Apps, Myths and More: Strategies for a Good Night’s Rest\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201311270930\">Forum with Dave Iverson: sleep therapy as a treatment for depression\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17514/catching-up-on-sleep-science","authors":["6444"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_135","quest_13038","quest_13048","quest_13044","quest_423","quest_13042","quest_13045","quest_13047","quest_13052","quest_13050","quest_13040","quest_13046","quest_12269","quest_13201","quest_13035","quest_1451","quest_11723","quest_10537","quest_1788","quest_13039","quest_13036","quest_1916","quest_13041","quest_9816","quest_13037","quest_2031","quest_13","quest_10538","quest_2655","quest_13034","quest_13051","quest_2893","quest_3021","quest_12094","quest_13043","quest_3071","quest_13049"],"featImg":"quest_72659","label":"source_quest_17514"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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