E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots
E-book: Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water
Career Spotlight: Environmental Health Engineer
Science Spotlight: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Poop
Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water
E-book: Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes
Career Spotlight: Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Student
Science Spotlight: Bending Light with a New Kind of Microscope
Diagnosing Diseases With Origami Microscopes
Sponsored
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In the course of her broadcasting career, Adrienne has also contributed to programming for ABC News/Nightline, This Week in Northern California, and Austin City Limits.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/150f7aae3580f59f325d849e4b9ca87e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["edit_users","promote_users","remove_users","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Adrienne Calo | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/150f7aae3580f59f325d849e4b9ca87e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/150f7aae3580f59f325d849e4b9ca87e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/acalo"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_88361":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_88361","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"88361","score":null,"sort":[1445547766000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","title":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots","publishDate":1445547766,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13394,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">View the e-book\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA have teamed up with researchers at University of California, Berkeley to design and engineer what might be the next generation of space-exploring robots. These robots are wildly different than traditional rovers, which are super expensive, really heavy and hard to land. The new robots are based on a type of structure known as a \"tensegrity\" structure. The rigid parts of the robot are held together with cables instead of being directly connected by bolts or screws. This allows these robots to be lighter, cheaper and more robust than traditional rovers. The eventual idea is to be able to equip these robots with instruments (like cameras and lasers), pack a bunch of them into a space shuttle, and then drop them from orbit so they can roam and explore a planet or moon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards, the new media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> details the process for how researchers and engineers are designing these new space-exploring robots. The e-book contains a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">video\u003c/a> that shows the engineering design process for the tensegrity robots as well as a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/19/science-spotlight-how-to-build-a-model-of-a-future-space-exploring-robot/\">Science Spotlight video\u003c/a> that describes how students can make their own tensegrity models using just straws and rubber bands. A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/09/28/career-spotlight-robotics-engineer/\">Career Spotlight video\u003c/a> about a robotics engineer at NASA Ames rounds out the media collection in this e-book. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> is the fifth e-book in our \"Engineering Is...\" series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED’s e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Explore the fifth e-book in our Engineering Is... series, all about future space-exploring robots.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1471475474,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":293},"headData":{"title":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots | KQED","description":"Explore the fifth e-book in our Engineering Is... series, all about future space-exploring robots.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"88361 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=88361","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/22/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/","disqusTitle":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots","path":"/quest/88361/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">View the e-book\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA have teamed up with researchers at University of California, Berkeley to design and engineer what might be the next generation of space-exploring robots. These robots are wildly different than traditional rovers, which are super expensive, really heavy and hard to land. The new robots are based on a type of structure known as a \"tensegrity\" structure. The rigid parts of the robot are held together with cables instead of being directly connected by bolts or screws. This allows these robots to be lighter, cheaper and more robust than traditional rovers. The eventual idea is to be able to equip these robots with instruments (like cameras and lasers), pack a bunch of them into a space shuttle, and then drop them from orbit so they can roam and explore a planet or moon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards, the new media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> details the process for how researchers and engineers are designing these new space-exploring robots. The e-book contains a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">video\u003c/a> that shows the engineering design process for the tensegrity robots as well as a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/19/science-spotlight-how-to-build-a-model-of-a-future-space-exploring-robot/\">Science Spotlight video\u003c/a> that describes how students can make their own tensegrity models using just straws and rubber bands. A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/09/28/career-spotlight-robotics-engineer/\">Career Spotlight video\u003c/a> about a robotics engineer at NASA Ames rounds out the media collection in this e-book. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> is the fifth e-book in our \"Engineering Is...\" series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED’s e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/88361/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","authors":["6544"],"categories":["quest_12981","quest_8"],"tags":["quest_12946","quest_13152","quest_3351","quest_2441","quest_2739","quest_11296"],"collections":["quest_13394"],"featImg":"quest_88756","label":"quest_13394"},"quest_74406":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74406","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74406","score":null,"sort":[1441933318000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"e-book-engineering-is-cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","title":"E-book: Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water","publishDate":1441933318,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74407\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover.png\" alt=\"Clean Water-640x360-cover\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover-400x225.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>View the E-book\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 700 million people around the world do not have access to clean drinking water. For residents of Dhaka, Bangladesh, this is because sewage seeps into the city’s old, cracked pipes that transport their drinking water. The invasion of sewage into the water means that waterborne diseases spread easily, sickening many people. Without overhauling the city’s water transportation infrastructure, how could residents have access to safe water? By cleaning it where it’s collected--at the communal hand pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new, media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a>, tells the story of how a team of scientists and engineers at Stanford University designed an inexpensive water purification device that attaches to the water pumps used by people in Dhaka. The device dispenses chlorine in just the right amount, killing microbes and making the water safe to drink. The book explains the team’s process of researching solutions, designing the device, testing it and making improvements (using a 3D printer!). The book also contains a career spotlight video of Amy Pickering, the lead engineer on the project. And, there’s a look at the various ways water treatment plants in the United States treat water so that it’s safe for us to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> is the fourth e-book in our \u003cstrong>Engineering Is...\u003c/strong> series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED's e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"clearfix\">\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74408\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Lotus-Water-Project-Cover-105x136.png\" alt=\"Lotus Water Project Cover 105x136\" width=\"105\" height=\"136\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how a 3D-printed device made it possible for people in Dhaka, Bangladesh to have access to clean drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-16316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/12/E-book-button-for-Web.png\" alt=\"View it on QUEST\" width=\"110\" height=\"40\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"More than 700 million people around the world do not have access to clean drinking water. In this e-book from KQED, discover how engineers from Stanford University designed an inexpensive water purification device made with a 3D printer, for people in Dhaka, Bangladesh.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450483033,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":290},"headData":{"title":"E-book: Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water | KQED","description":"More than 700 million people around the world do not have access to clean drinking water. In this e-book from KQED, discover how engineers from Stanford University designed an inexpensive water purification device made with a 3D printer, for people in Dhaka, Bangladesh.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74406 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74406","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/09/10/e-book-engineering-is-cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water/","disqusTitle":"E-book: Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water","source":"Engineering","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/engineering/","path":"/quest/74406/e-book-engineering-is-cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74407\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover.png\" alt=\"Clean Water-640x360-cover\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Clean-Water-640x360-cover-400x225.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>View the E-book\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 700 million people around the world do not have access to clean drinking water. For residents of Dhaka, Bangladesh, this is because sewage seeps into the city’s old, cracked pipes that transport their drinking water. The invasion of sewage into the water means that waterborne diseases spread easily, sickening many people. Without overhauling the city’s water transportation infrastructure, how could residents have access to safe water? By cleaning it where it’s collected--at the communal hand pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new, media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a>, tells the story of how a team of scientists and engineers at Stanford University designed an inexpensive water purification device that attaches to the water pumps used by people in Dhaka. The device dispenses chlorine in just the right amount, killing microbes and making the water safe to drink. The book explains the team’s process of researching solutions, designing the device, testing it and making improvements (using a 3D printer!). The book also contains a career spotlight video of Amy Pickering, the lead engineer on the project. And, there’s a look at the various ways water treatment plants in the United States treat water so that it’s safe for us to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> is the fourth e-book in our \u003cstrong>Engineering Is...\u003c/strong> series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED's e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"clearfix\">\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74408\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/09/Lotus-Water-Project-Cover-105x136.png\" alt=\"Lotus Water Project Cover 105x136\" width=\"105\" height=\"136\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how a 3D-printed device made it possible for people in Dhaka, Bangladesh to have access to clean drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-16316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/12/E-book-button-for-Web.png\" alt=\"View it on QUEST\" width=\"110\" height=\"40\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74406/e-book-engineering-is-cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","authors":["6170"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_12","quest_16","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_12185","quest_838","quest_12946","quest_13197","quest_13152","quest_2349","quest_3318"],"collections":["quest_13362"],"featImg":"quest_74407","label":"source_quest_74406"},"quest_74308":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74308","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74308","score":null,"sort":[1441065627000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"career-spotlight-environmental-health-engineer","title":"Career Spotlight: Environmental Health Engineer","publishDate":1441065627,"format":"video","headTitle":"Career Spotlight | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Amy Pickering is an environmental health engineer. She works as a research associate at Stanford University in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and at Woods Institute for the Environment. Her work combines social science, microbiology and engineering to study ways people in low-income countries can access safer water and better sanitation. People living in developing countries are often exposed to higher levels of bacteria and other germs, usually because of contaminated water and poor sanitation conditions. Pickering tries to reduce the spread of disease by coming up with low-cost and low-tech solutions that can help minimize illnesses in areas with poor water quality. She also runs research studies to test and evaluate how effective various interventions are at preventing the spread of disease. Pickering spends about 20% of her time traveling and the rest at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pickering did not always know she wanted to do this type of work. In high school, one of her math teachers suggested that she go into a career involving numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew that I loved the outdoors and the environment so I decided to do engineering, and specifically environmental engineering. And I also wanted to do something that challenged me and I thought that engineering would provide that challenge,\" explains Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she graduated from college with a degree in biological and environmental engineering from Cornell University, she went on to get a master's degree in environmental engineering with an emphasis on water quality from University of California, Berkeley. There, she worked on a low-cost UV water disinfection device used in Mexico to help clean contaminated water. After graduate school, Pickering wanted to work at the intersection of science and policy, so she began a job at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I liked working at the EPA a lot, but I was in a cubicle and I quickly became restless just sitting in a cubicle all day,\" says Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Pickering was growing restless with cubicle work, a tsunami struck and destroyed large parts of South Asia. She and some colleagues from graduate school decided to go to Sri Lanka to help with the tsunami relief effort. To provide residents with clean drinking water, they installed the UV water disinfection devices that they had worked on at UC Berkeley. That's when she realized she wanted to work on global water quality. She then received a Fulbright scholarship to teach English, math and photography, and completed a photo essay about how people in different parts of the world interact with water. She eventually ended up completing a Ph.D. in the Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is featured in our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind one of Amy Pickering's projects - a device that purifies drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What job allows you travel all over the world preventing people from getting sick? Hint: It’s not a doctor. Meet Amy Pickering, an environmental health engineer.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443564770,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":521},"headData":{"title":"Career Spotlight: Environmental Health Engineer | KQED","description":"What job allows you travel all over the world preventing people from getting sick? Hint: It’s not a doctor. Meet Amy Pickering, an environmental health engineer.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74308 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74308","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/08/31/career-spotlight-environmental-health-engineer/","disqusTitle":"Career Spotlight: Environmental Health Engineer","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_7MsIaRwE8","source":"Engineering","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/engineering/","path":"/quest/74308/career-spotlight-environmental-health-engineer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Amy Pickering is an environmental health engineer. She works as a research associate at Stanford University in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and at Woods Institute for the Environment. Her work combines social science, microbiology and engineering to study ways people in low-income countries can access safer water and better sanitation. People living in developing countries are often exposed to higher levels of bacteria and other germs, usually because of contaminated water and poor sanitation conditions. Pickering tries to reduce the spread of disease by coming up with low-cost and low-tech solutions that can help minimize illnesses in areas with poor water quality. She also runs research studies to test and evaluate how effective various interventions are at preventing the spread of disease. Pickering spends about 20% of her time traveling and the rest at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pickering did not always know she wanted to do this type of work. In high school, one of her math teachers suggested that she go into a career involving numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew that I loved the outdoors and the environment so I decided to do engineering, and specifically environmental engineering. And I also wanted to do something that challenged me and I thought that engineering would provide that challenge,\" explains Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she graduated from college with a degree in biological and environmental engineering from Cornell University, she went on to get a master's degree in environmental engineering with an emphasis on water quality from University of California, Berkeley. There, she worked on a low-cost UV water disinfection device used in Mexico to help clean contaminated water. After graduate school, Pickering wanted to work at the intersection of science and policy, so she began a job at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I liked working at the EPA a lot, but I was in a cubicle and I quickly became restless just sitting in a cubicle all day,\" says Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Pickering was growing restless with cubicle work, a tsunami struck and destroyed large parts of South Asia. She and some colleagues from graduate school decided to go to Sri Lanka to help with the tsunami relief effort. To provide residents with clean drinking water, they installed the UV water disinfection devices that they had worked on at UC Berkeley. That's when she realized she wanted to work on global water quality. She then received a Fulbright scholarship to teach English, math and photography, and completed a photo essay about how people in different parts of the world interact with water. She eventually ended up completing a Ph.D. in the Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is featured in our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind one of Amy Pickering's projects - a device that purifies drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74308/career-spotlight-environmental-health-engineer","authors":["6544"],"series":["quest_13374"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_13130","quest_13128","quest_12946","quest_13126","quest_13197","quest_13189","quest_13188","quest_12269","quest_3351","quest_12289","quest_2774","quest_13365","quest_13190"],"collections":["quest_13362"],"featImg":"quest_74330","label":"source_quest_74308"},"quest_74286":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74286","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74286","score":null,"sort":[1438906059000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-spotlight-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-of-poop","title":"Science Spotlight: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Poop","publishDate":1438906059,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyone_Poops\">Taro Gomi\u003c/a>, we all know that everybody poops. Poop contains a lot of interesting stuff including tons of microbes, like bacteria. Depending on our own health, our poop can harbor both helpful and harmful microbes. And as a result, poop can spread disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So where do microbes in poop come from? Poop is a waste product formed in our intestines during digestion. Lots of different species of bacteria and other microscopic organisms like fungi and yeast live in our gut and they help our bodies break down food, make vitamins (like vitamin B and K), and fend off harmful bacteria. Some of these microbes living in our gut actually get passed in our poop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we’re sick, our poop can also contain bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause illnesses. In fact there are a lot of diseases that are spread in poop. For example, in the United States every now and then you may hear of E.coli outbreaks. E.coli is a type of bacteria that has lots of different varieties. Most are harmless and live in the gut of healthy people and animals and are passed in our poop. However, there are a couple of types of E.coli that can make people sick and cause diarrhea and vomiting if you ingest them. In the U.S. people sometimes get E.coli by eating undercooked beef that’s been contaminated by E.coli from the gut of cows, or from raw fruits or veggies contaminated by cattle poop from runoff from cattle fields. If you get E.coli you could pass it to another person if you don’t properly wash your hands after going to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also get sick if poop contaminates drinking water. In the U.S. and other developed countries this doesn’t happen often because we have sewage treatment plants and water treatment processes set up to make sure our drinking water is clean and free of harmful microbes. However, many places throughout the world, particularly developing countries, don’t have sewage and water treatment so it’s really easy for bacteria and other microbes from poop to contaminate drinking water. Some common diseases spread this way include \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs107/en/\">cholera\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/typhoid_fever/en/\">typhoid fever\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/basics/definition/con-20024686\">giardiasis\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/rotavirus_infections/en/\">rotavirus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But poop isn’t all bad. In fact, doctors are starting to use healthy poop to treat some types of intestinal diseases, such as a condition known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/tc/clostridium-difficile-colitis-overview\"> C.diff colitis\u003c/a>. Check out this \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNU6hOwiGcs\"> Gross Science video \u003c/a> by our friends at NOVA that explains all about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Science Spotlight video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind a device designed by scientists and engineers at Stanford University that purifies drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Poop contains a lot of interesting stuff, including all kinds of microbes. Learn what these microbes do and how they can spread disease.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1444415984,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":502},"headData":{"title":"Science Spotlight: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Poop | KQED","description":"Poop contains a lot of interesting stuff, including all kinds of microbes. Learn what these microbes do and how they can spread disease.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74286 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74286","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/08/06/science-spotlight-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-of-poop/","disqusTitle":"Science Spotlight: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Poop","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPDd1IXL0pg","source":"Health","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/health/","path":"/quest/74286/science-spotlight-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-of-poop","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyone_Poops\">Taro Gomi\u003c/a>, we all know that everybody poops. Poop contains a lot of interesting stuff including tons of microbes, like bacteria. Depending on our own health, our poop can harbor both helpful and harmful microbes. And as a result, poop can spread disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So where do microbes in poop come from? Poop is a waste product formed in our intestines during digestion. Lots of different species of bacteria and other microscopic organisms like fungi and yeast live in our gut and they help our bodies break down food, make vitamins (like vitamin B and K), and fend off harmful bacteria. Some of these microbes living in our gut actually get passed in our poop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we’re sick, our poop can also contain bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause illnesses. In fact there are a lot of diseases that are spread in poop. For example, in the United States every now and then you may hear of E.coli outbreaks. E.coli is a type of bacteria that has lots of different varieties. Most are harmless and live in the gut of healthy people and animals and are passed in our poop. However, there are a couple of types of E.coli that can make people sick and cause diarrhea and vomiting if you ingest them. In the U.S. people sometimes get E.coli by eating undercooked beef that’s been contaminated by E.coli from the gut of cows, or from raw fruits or veggies contaminated by cattle poop from runoff from cattle fields. If you get E.coli you could pass it to another person if you don’t properly wash your hands after going to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also get sick if poop contaminates drinking water. In the U.S. and other developed countries this doesn’t happen often because we have sewage treatment plants and water treatment processes set up to make sure our drinking water is clean and free of harmful microbes. However, many places throughout the world, particularly developing countries, don’t have sewage and water treatment so it’s really easy for bacteria and other microbes from poop to contaminate drinking water. Some common diseases spread this way include \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs107/en/\">cholera\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/typhoid_fever/en/\">typhoid fever\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/basics/definition/con-20024686\">giardiasis\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/rotavirus_infections/en/\">rotavirus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But poop isn’t all bad. In fact, doctors are starting to use healthy poop to treat some types of intestinal diseases, such as a condition known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/tc/clostridium-difficile-colitis-overview\"> C.diff colitis\u003c/a>. Check out this \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNU6hOwiGcs\"> Gross Science video \u003c/a> by our friends at NOVA that explains all about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Science Spotlight video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind a device designed by scientists and engineers at Stanford University that purifies drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74286/science-spotlight-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-of-poop","authors":["6544"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_13187","quest_267","quest_13184","quest_12946","quest_898","quest_13181","quest_13185","quest_13182","quest_3351","quest_1812","quest_2261","quest_13183","quest_2349","quest_3071"],"collections":["quest_13362"],"featImg":"quest_74296","label":"source_quest_74286"},"quest_74258":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74258","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74258","score":null,"sort":[1438303358000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","title":"Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water","publishDate":1438303358,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Bangladesh -- a country just east of India on the Bay of Bengal -- is known for its lush, tropical environment and extensive river system. It’s capital, Dhaka, is the tenth largest city in the world and travel by boat and Rickshaw is a common way to get around town. While the waterways are an inviting lure to this populated city, water is also the source of many diseases, particularly in Dhaka’s crowded slums. Here, sewage can seep into low-pressure, old, leaky pipes that transport the town’s drinking water, exposing residents to harmful bacteria and viruses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drinking contaminated water can lead to diarrheal disease and sometimes even death. In fact, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/\"> World Health Organization\u003c/a>, diarrhea is the second leading killer of children under five years of age worldwide, and it is often caused by contaminated water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Stephen Luby, a professor of medicine at Stanford University and senior fellow at Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, wanted to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Luby was working at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Bangladesh, and he was all too familiar with the number of people who were getting sick and dying from preventable waterborne diseases. In the developed world, big expensive water treatment plants clean drinking water. However, poorer countries, like Bangladesh, don’t have the resources to implement these treatment plants. Instead, residents have to clean their drinking water themselves using expensive or fragile filters, chlorine tablets or boiling the water. These types of strategies often prove difficult and cumbersome for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What that model asks, is to say ‘Let’s have the poorest people in the world each set up a water treatment plant in their home.’ That’s actually a big undertaking. And these are the folks who are already trying to figure out ‘How am I going to get enough money to pay rent and to feed my family?’” explains Luby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74261\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 214px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/142277422.IiJWNDQF.e_amy_hp.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74261\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/142277422.IiJWNDQF.e_amy_hp-214x360.jpg\" alt=\"Amy Pickering with a handpump\" width=\"214\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amy Pickering, a research associate at the Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University, posing with a hand pump. Courtesy of Amy Pickering/ Stanford University\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luby enlisted the help of Amy Pickering, a research associate at Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment and in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University. Along with Jenna Davis, a professor in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, they were hoping to come up with a solution to clean contaminated water that was much cheaper than traditional centralized water treatment plants, but that didn’t require users to do any extra work. They call their effort the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lotuswater.org/\"> Lotus Water Project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pickering went to Dhaka to investigate possible solutions. She observed that women in the slums in Dhaka were using communal hand pumps to collect water in containers and store for later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we realized is that we needed a technology that could be compatible with these manual hand pumps that people are using to extract water from the systems,\" said Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They thought that if there was a device that attached to the hand pump that would clean the water as it was pumped out, then residents would have easy access to clean water. Learning that nothing like this already existed, the team realized they were going to have to develop something themselves. So Pickering packed a 70-pound hand pump in her suitcase and brought it back to Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the guidance of Luby and Davis, Pickering and a team of students at Stanford began developing a solution. They needed to create a device that would be cheap, easy to maintain and robust to hot temperatures and monsoons. It also couldn't rely on electricity since electricity can be hard to come by in Dhaka’s slums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to use liquid chlorine as the way to clean the water because it’s cheap and readily available in household bleach throughout Dhaka and in many places throughout the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how were they going to inject the chlorine into the water without using electricity? They turned to a physics principle called the Venturi effect to accomplish this. The Venturi effect explains that when water is forced through a constricted pipe, like a funnel, the pressure of the water decreases. Pickering and her team created a system that uses the drop in water pressure caused by the Venturi effect to create a suction, which in turn sucks in chlorine stored in an attached tank. At the heart of the system is a funnel-like device that attaches to the outflow of the hand pump. They call the device \"the Venturi\" and they actually design and 3D print it themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74260\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/Labelled_device.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74260\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/Labelled_device-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"Venturi device\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A funnel-like device attaches directly to the hand pump and is connected to a tank that holds chlorine. When the water starts flowing through the funnel, the drop in water pressure causes the chlorine from the attached tank to be sucked into the water stream, thereby cleaning the water.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They prototyped many different designs both in the lab and in the field in Dhaka. They tested for durability, leaks, ease of use and functionality which included testing water samples for chlorine and bacteria levels. They also interviewed and spoke with residents to understand what they liked and didn’t like about their system. They would then incorporate what they learned from user feedback and field testing by modifying their designs, often 3-D printing new devices throughout the night in their rented apartments in Bangladesh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They now have proof of concept that their device can work in Dhaka, and they are currently looking at possible business models and talking with companies to try to begin implementing in the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, we’re in conversations with for-profit companies that might be interested in taking this technology and commercializing it, and we’re really excited about that. Because what we want to see is this technology being scaled up and distributed throughout the world,” says Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They estimate the device capital to cost $20 or less when produced at scale. The eventual goal is that their system will not only be used in Dhaka, but in other places in the developing world where contaminated water is often found at shared water points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind the Lotus Water project's device designed to purify drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\"> kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"An interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers at Stanford University have developed a cheap way to clean contaminated drinking water in the slums of Bangladesh.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442613235,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1133},"headData":{"title":"Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water | KQED","description":"An interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers at Stanford University have developed a cheap way to clean contaminated drinking water in the slums of Bangladesh.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74258 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74258","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/07/30/cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water/","disqusTitle":"Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Inc-I8CWT94","source":"Engineering","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/engineering/","path":"/quest/74258/cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bangladesh -- a country just east of India on the Bay of Bengal -- is known for its lush, tropical environment and extensive river system. It’s capital, Dhaka, is the tenth largest city in the world and travel by boat and Rickshaw is a common way to get around town. While the waterways are an inviting lure to this populated city, water is also the source of many diseases, particularly in Dhaka’s crowded slums. Here, sewage can seep into low-pressure, old, leaky pipes that transport the town’s drinking water, exposing residents to harmful bacteria and viruses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drinking contaminated water can lead to diarrheal disease and sometimes even death. In fact, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/\"> World Health Organization\u003c/a>, diarrhea is the second leading killer of children under five years of age worldwide, and it is often caused by contaminated water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Stephen Luby, a professor of medicine at Stanford University and senior fellow at Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, wanted to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Luby was working at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Bangladesh, and he was all too familiar with the number of people who were getting sick and dying from preventable waterborne diseases. In the developed world, big expensive water treatment plants clean drinking water. However, poorer countries, like Bangladesh, don’t have the resources to implement these treatment plants. Instead, residents have to clean their drinking water themselves using expensive or fragile filters, chlorine tablets or boiling the water. These types of strategies often prove difficult and cumbersome for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What that model asks, is to say ‘Let’s have the poorest people in the world each set up a water treatment plant in their home.’ That’s actually a big undertaking. And these are the folks who are already trying to figure out ‘How am I going to get enough money to pay rent and to feed my family?’” explains Luby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74261\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 214px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/142277422.IiJWNDQF.e_amy_hp.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74261\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/142277422.IiJWNDQF.e_amy_hp-214x360.jpg\" alt=\"Amy Pickering with a handpump\" width=\"214\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amy Pickering, a research associate at the Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University, posing with a hand pump. Courtesy of Amy Pickering/ Stanford University\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luby enlisted the help of Amy Pickering, a research associate at Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment and in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University. Along with Jenna Davis, a professor in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, they were hoping to come up with a solution to clean contaminated water that was much cheaper than traditional centralized water treatment plants, but that didn’t require users to do any extra work. They call their effort the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lotuswater.org/\"> Lotus Water Project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pickering went to Dhaka to investigate possible solutions. She observed that women in the slums in Dhaka were using communal hand pumps to collect water in containers and store for later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we realized is that we needed a technology that could be compatible with these manual hand pumps that people are using to extract water from the systems,\" said Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They thought that if there was a device that attached to the hand pump that would clean the water as it was pumped out, then residents would have easy access to clean water. Learning that nothing like this already existed, the team realized they were going to have to develop something themselves. So Pickering packed a 70-pound hand pump in her suitcase and brought it back to Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the guidance of Luby and Davis, Pickering and a team of students at Stanford began developing a solution. They needed to create a device that would be cheap, easy to maintain and robust to hot temperatures and monsoons. It also couldn't rely on electricity since electricity can be hard to come by in Dhaka’s slums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to use liquid chlorine as the way to clean the water because it’s cheap and readily available in household bleach throughout Dhaka and in many places throughout the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how were they going to inject the chlorine into the water without using electricity? They turned to a physics principle called the Venturi effect to accomplish this. The Venturi effect explains that when water is forced through a constricted pipe, like a funnel, the pressure of the water decreases. Pickering and her team created a system that uses the drop in water pressure caused by the Venturi effect to create a suction, which in turn sucks in chlorine stored in an attached tank. At the heart of the system is a funnel-like device that attaches to the outflow of the hand pump. They call the device \"the Venturi\" and they actually design and 3D print it themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74260\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/Labelled_device.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74260\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/07/Labelled_device-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"Venturi device\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A funnel-like device attaches directly to the hand pump and is connected to a tank that holds chlorine. When the water starts flowing through the funnel, the drop in water pressure causes the chlorine from the attached tank to be sucked into the water stream, thereby cleaning the water.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They prototyped many different designs both in the lab and in the field in Dhaka. They tested for durability, leaks, ease of use and functionality which included testing water samples for chlorine and bacteria levels. They also interviewed and spoke with residents to understand what they liked and didn’t like about their system. They would then incorporate what they learned from user feedback and field testing by modifying their designs, often 3-D printing new devices throughout the night in their rented apartments in Bangladesh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They now have proof of concept that their device can work in Dhaka, and they are currently looking at possible business models and talking with companies to try to begin implementing in the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, we’re in conversations with for-profit companies that might be interested in taking this technology and commercializing it, and we’re really excited about that. Because what we want to see is this technology being scaled up and distributed throughout the world,” says Pickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They estimate the device capital to cost $20 or less when produced at scale. The eventual goal is that their system will not only be used in Dhaka, but in other places in the developing world where contaminated water is often found at shared water points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://water.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Cleaning Poop from Drinking Water\u003c/a> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind the Lotus Water project's device designed to purify drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The e-book includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find all of our e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\"> kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74258/cleaning-poop-from-drinking-water","authors":["6544"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_12","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_13180","quest_12185","quest_12946","quest_13152","quest_12269","quest_3596","quest_13201","quest_3351","quest_13179","quest_2349","quest_2774","quest_3071","quest_3108"],"collections":["quest_13362"],"featImg":"quest_74277","label":"source_quest_74258"},"quest_74121":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74121","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74121","score":null,"sort":[1432918950000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"e-book-engineering-is-diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes","title":"E-book: Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes","publishDate":1432918950,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02.png\" alt=\"Origami Miscroscope_fin-02\" width=\"641\" height=\"361\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02.png 641w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02-400x225.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>View the E-book\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to diagnose malaria, schistosomiasis and African sleeping sickness can be the difference between life and death for people afflicted with those diseases. And while diagnosis is easily done with microscopes, in many parts of the world, lack of access to these tools means these diseases are often misdiagnosed and patients go untreated. What is the solution? A $1 origami microscope, of course, called a \u003ca href=\"http://www.foldscope.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Foldscope\u003c/a>, that can be shipped and used anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new, media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>, tells the story of how Stanford University bioengineer \u003ca href=\"http://stanford.edu/~manup/\" target=\"_blank\">Manu Prakash\u003c/a> and his colleagues designed a lightweight, inexpensive, robust, paper microscope in order to help people in developing countries and remote areas diagnose diseases. The book explores optics and how microscopes work--including the Foldscope--through video and animation, and shows how Foldscopes are inspiring students around the world to ask questions and make discoveries. It also contains a career spotlight video of a graduate student who uses microscopes in his research on heart cells. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a> is the third e-book in our \u003cstrong>Engineering Is...\u003c/strong> series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED's e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"clearfix\">\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-03_tiny.jpg\" alt=\"Origami Miscroscope_fin-03_tiny\" width=\"105\" height=\"136\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74125\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover how engineers developed a $1 paper microscope to help diagnose diseases in remote areas.\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-16316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/12/E-book-button-for-Web.png\" alt=\"View it on QUEST\" width=\"110\" height=\"40\">\u003c/a>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Access to healthcare and diagnostic tools aren't always easy to come by in many parts of the world. In this e-book from KQED, discover how engineers from Stanford University designed an easy-to-use, easy-to-fix, paper microscope that costs $1 to produce in order to help people in remote areas diagnose diseases.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450483107,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":239},"headData":{"title":"E-book: Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes | KQED","description":"Access to healthcare and diagnostic tools aren't always easy to come by in many parts of the world. In this e-book from KQED, discover how engineers from Stanford University designed an easy-to-use, easy-to-fix, paper microscope that costs $1 to produce in order to help people in remote areas diagnose diseases.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74121 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74121","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/05/29/e-book-engineering-is-diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes/","disqusTitle":"E-book: Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes","source":"Engineering","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/engineering/","path":"/quest/74121/e-book-engineering-is-diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02.png\" alt=\"Origami Miscroscope_fin-02\" width=\"641\" height=\"361\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02.png 641w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-02-400x225.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>View the E-book\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to diagnose malaria, schistosomiasis and African sleeping sickness can be the difference between life and death for people afflicted with those diseases. And while diagnosis is easily done with microscopes, in many parts of the world, lack of access to these tools means these diseases are often misdiagnosed and patients go untreated. What is the solution? A $1 origami microscope, of course, called a \u003ca href=\"http://www.foldscope.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Foldscope\u003c/a>, that can be shipped and used anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new, media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>, tells the story of how Stanford University bioengineer \u003ca href=\"http://stanford.edu/~manup/\" target=\"_blank\">Manu Prakash\u003c/a> and his colleagues designed a lightweight, inexpensive, robust, paper microscope in order to help people in developing countries and remote areas diagnose diseases. The book explores optics and how microscopes work--including the Foldscope--through video and animation, and shows how Foldscopes are inspiring students around the world to ask questions and make discoveries. It also contains a career spotlight video of a graduate student who uses microscopes in his research on heart cells. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a> is the third e-book in our \u003cstrong>Engineering Is...\u003c/strong> series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED's e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"clearfix\">\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Origami-Miscroscope_fin-03_tiny.jpg\" alt=\"Origami Miscroscope_fin-03_tiny\" width=\"105\" height=\"136\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-74125\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover how engineers developed a $1 paper microscope to help diagnose diseases in remote areas.\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-16316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/12/E-book-button-for-Web.png\" alt=\"View it on QUEST\" width=\"110\" height=\"40\">\u003c/a>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74121/e-book-engineering-is-diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes","authors":["6170"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_12","quest_16"],"tags":["quest_838","quest_12946","quest_13174","quest_12269","quest_1646","quest_13169","quest_13166","quest_1816","quest_2083","quest_13168"],"collections":["quest_13175"],"featImg":"quest_74122","label":"source_quest_74121"},"quest_74092":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74092","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74092","score":null,"sort":[1431625782000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"career-spotlight-developmental-and-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student","title":"Career Spotlight: Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Student","publishDate":1431625782,"format":"video","headTitle":"Career Spotlight | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/c7e42f18-46b1-4cb8-8588-1c628a3e5b18/developmental-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n \u003cbr>\nElijah Martin is a second-year graduate student in the \u003ca href=\"https://dscb.ucsf.edu/\">Developmental and Stem Cell Biology \u003c/a>program at University of California, San Francisco. He works in the laboratory of \u003ca href=\"http://gladstoneinstitutes.org/u/dsrivastava/SrivastavaLab.htm\">Dr. Deepak Srivastava \u003c/a>at the Gladstone Institutes. Martin studies how the heart forms to try to understand the causes of heart disease in order to develop therapies. In the lab, he grows heart cells in petri dishes, which involves mixing together different chemicals and nutrients to get the cells to grow and develop into a heart. He uses microscopes to track the growth of the cells. Since he was a young child, Martin has wanted to study the heart and he says attending graduate school will help turn his dream into a career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is featured in our \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>\u003c/b>e-book. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Elijah Martin is a graduate student in Dr. Deepak Srivastava's Lab at Gladstone Institutes where he studies how the heart develops. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450483280,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":160},"headData":{"title":"Career Spotlight: Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Student | KQED","description":"Elijah Martin is a graduate student in Dr. Deepak Srivastava's Lab at Gladstone Institutes where he studies how the heart develops. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74092 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74092","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/05/14/career-spotlight-developmental-and-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student/","disqusTitle":"Career Spotlight: Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Student","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8a6jFrc7F4","source":"Biology","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/biology/","path":"/quest/74092/career-spotlight-developmental-and-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/c7e42f18-46b1-4cb8-8588-1c628a3e5b18/developmental-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n \u003cbr>\nElijah Martin is a second-year graduate student in the \u003ca href=\"https://dscb.ucsf.edu/\">Developmental and Stem Cell Biology \u003c/a>program at University of California, San Francisco. He works in the laboratory of \u003ca href=\"http://gladstoneinstitutes.org/u/dsrivastava/SrivastavaLab.htm\">Dr. Deepak Srivastava \u003c/a>at the Gladstone Institutes. Martin studies how the heart forms to try to understand the causes of heart disease in order to develop therapies. In the lab, he grows heart cells in petri dishes, which involves mixing together different chemicals and nutrients to get the cells to grow and develop into a heart. He uses microscopes to track the growth of the cells. Since he was a young child, Martin has wanted to study the heart and he says attending graduate school will help turn his dream into a career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is featured in our \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>\u003c/b>e-book. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74092/career-spotlight-developmental-and-stem-cell-biology-graduate-student","authors":["6544"],"series":["quest_13374"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_13128","quest_793","quest_12946","quest_13173","quest_12269","quest_1218","quest_13172","quest_1331","quest_1332","quest_3351","quest_2349","quest_2791","quest_3025","quest_3071"],"collections":["quest_13175"],"featImg":"quest_74094","label":"source_quest_74092"},"quest_74061":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74061","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74061","score":null,"sort":[1431043217000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope","title":"Science Spotlight: Bending Light with a New Kind of Microscope","publishDate":1431043217,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/31a22583-dcee-420a-9f8f-8966c86dbf8e/science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Article by Lauren Farrar\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manu Prakash, a bioengineer at Stanford University, has created a fully functional microscope out of waterproof paper that uses teeny-tiny lenses to magnify objects. He calls it a Foldscope. The different parts of the microscope are printed on paper, which the user punches out and folds together. The Foldscope requires no power outlets and works with standard microscope slides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74155\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"the Foldscope\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-74155\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close up of the Foldscope.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Microscopes are important tools that allow people to view objects that are so small that you wouldn’t ordinarily be able to see them, like bacteria or blood cells. From healthcare workers using microscopes to look at blood samples to diagnose diseases, to forensic scientists using them to study evidence from crime scenes, many different kinds of microscopes have been developed for a variety of purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Foldscope operates a lot like a traditional microscope in that it uses lenses to bend light in order to make tiny images appear larger. Light travels in waves and when it passes through media with a different density than air, such as water, the light changes direction, or bends. This is why a pencil looks bent when it is halfway submerged in a glass of water. This bending of light is known as refraction. Curved objects, such as lenses also bend light. How the light bends depends on how curved the lens is and the material it's made out of. Convex lenses, which are thicker in the middle and curve outward, can be used to magnify objects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74063\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Lense_schematic_small.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74063\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Lense_schematic_small-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"schematic of a convex lens\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A convex lens can bend light and make an object appear larger by creating a larger virtual image that your eye can see.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A magnifying glass is the simplest kind of microscope -- a convex lens with a handle attached. How much an object is magnified depends on several factors, including how curved the lens is, the distance between the lens and the object, and the distance between the lens and the user’s eye. The more curved the lens is, the higher the magnification it offers. Magnifying glasses are limited in how much they can magnify an object; usually, they can make objects look around 2-10 times larger than they actually are. More advanced microscopes combine multiple lenses to bend light in different ways in order to magnify objects even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foldscopes use salt-grain sized lenses that are highly curved. The extreme curvature of these lenses allow for high magnification. For this reason, Foldscopes don’t require long tubes of stacked lenses to magnify objects, like other microscopes do. This is why the Foldscope looks flat compared to larger, more traditional microscopes. Even though they are made out of waterproof paper and tiny lenses, Foldscopes can make objects appear 2,000 times larger than they actually are. This makes it possible to see really small things, like cells and bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\"> Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes e-book\u003c/a>. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind Manu Prakash’s Foldscopes project, and includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more information about microscopes and lenses check out these resources from \u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Explain that Stuff\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/microscopes.html\">How Microscopes Work\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/lenses.html\">Lenses\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Learn how microscopes work by using lenses to bend light to magnify objects.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442618052,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":562},"headData":{"title":"Science Spotlight: Bending Light with a New Kind of Microscope | KQED","description":"Learn how microscopes work by using lenses to bend light to magnify objects.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74061 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74061","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/05/07/science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope/","disqusTitle":"Science Spotlight: Bending Light with a New Kind of Microscope","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwLBw13NKNU","source":"Physics","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/physics/","path":"/quest/74061/science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/31a22583-dcee-420a-9f8f-8966c86dbf8e/science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Article by Lauren Farrar\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manu Prakash, a bioengineer at Stanford University, has created a fully functional microscope out of waterproof paper that uses teeny-tiny lenses to magnify objects. He calls it a Foldscope. The different parts of the microscope are printed on paper, which the user punches out and folds together. The Foldscope requires no power outlets and works with standard microscope slides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74155\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"the Foldscope\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-74155\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close up of the Foldscope.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Microscopes are important tools that allow people to view objects that are so small that you wouldn’t ordinarily be able to see them, like bacteria or blood cells. From healthcare workers using microscopes to look at blood samples to diagnose diseases, to forensic scientists using them to study evidence from crime scenes, many different kinds of microscopes have been developed for a variety of purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Foldscope operates a lot like a traditional microscope in that it uses lenses to bend light in order to make tiny images appear larger. Light travels in waves and when it passes through media with a different density than air, such as water, the light changes direction, or bends. This is why a pencil looks bent when it is halfway submerged in a glass of water. This bending of light is known as refraction. Curved objects, such as lenses also bend light. How the light bends depends on how curved the lens is and the material it's made out of. Convex lenses, which are thicker in the middle and curve outward, can be used to magnify objects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74063\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Lense_schematic_small.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-74063\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/05/Lense_schematic_small-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"schematic of a convex lens\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A convex lens can bend light and make an object appear larger by creating a larger virtual image that your eye can see.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A magnifying glass is the simplest kind of microscope -- a convex lens with a handle attached. How much an object is magnified depends on several factors, including how curved the lens is, the distance between the lens and the object, and the distance between the lens and the user’s eye. The more curved the lens is, the higher the magnification it offers. Magnifying glasses are limited in how much they can magnify an object; usually, they can make objects look around 2-10 times larger than they actually are. More advanced microscopes combine multiple lenses to bend light in different ways in order to magnify objects even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foldscopes use salt-grain sized lenses that are highly curved. The extreme curvature of these lenses allow for high magnification. For this reason, Foldscopes don’t require long tubes of stacked lenses to magnify objects, like other microscopes do. This is why the Foldscope looks flat compared to larger, more traditional microscopes. Even though they are made out of waterproof paper and tiny lenses, Foldscopes can make objects appear 2,000 times larger than they actually are. This makes it possible to see really small things, like cells and bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\"> Engineering Is Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes e-book\u003c/a>. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind Manu Prakash’s Foldscopes project, and includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more information about microscopes and lenses check out these resources from \u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Explain that Stuff\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/microscopes.html\">How Microscopes Work\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.explainthatstuff.com/lenses.html\">Lenses\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74061/science-spotlight-bending-light-with-a-new-kind-of-microscope","authors":["10423"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_16"],"tags":["quest_12946","quest_13162","quest_12269","quest_3351","quest_1646","quest_13167","quest_13161","quest_13169","quest_1815","quest_13166","quest_1816","quest_2083","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13168","quest_13142"],"collections":["quest_13175"],"featImg":"quest_74077","label":"source_quest_74061"},"quest_74045":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_74045","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"74045","score":null,"sort":[1430437639000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes-engineering-is","title":"Diagnosing Diseases With Origami Microscopes","publishDate":1430437639,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/727416dd-b83b-4cfb-abbc-27ec2651629b/diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Article by Lauren Farrar\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if you could drop microscopes literally around the world from an airplane?” Manu Prakash, a professor of bioengineering at Stanford University would often joke with his team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This musing actually heavily influenced the design of their new microscope, a paper origami microscope. They call it a Foldscope. The microscope is printed on waterproof paper. The user punches out the pieces and folds them together to create a fully functional microscope. It works with standard microscope slides and requires no batteries or electricity to operate. You simply hold the Foldscope up to a light source (like the sun) and look through the salt grain-sized lens to view the sample on the slide. The high curvature of the tiny lenses used in the Foldscope allows small objects to be highly magnified. This little invention costs less than a dollar to produce and could have major implications for global health and for science education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74155\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"the Foldscope\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-74155\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close up of the Foldscope.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Prakash grew up in small towns in India where access to healthcare and diagnostic tools, like microscopes, weren’t always easy to come by. He has traveled extensively throughout developing countries and has seen firsthand how diseases like malaria, African sleeping sickness and schistosomiasis can go untreated or are mistreated because patients are not properly diagnosed. Diagnosis of diseases like these usually require a microscope to identify the presence of a particular parasite so that the proper treatment can be administered. But remote or resource poor areas don’t always have access to these heavy, expensive microscopes used in other parts of the world. Standard microscopes are also difficult to transport when doctors travel from village to village to diagnose and treat patients. And even when remote places do have microscopes, there is little support to maintain them or parts available to fix them if they break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Humidity and tropics are terrible for optics… Most of the time when we’re in the field there is fungus growing on the lenses… There were times when we were imaging there, we saw an insect colony come out of the microscope,” Prakash describes some of the challenges of doing field microscopy in remote tropical areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prakash was determined to build a cheap, robust, easy-to-use and easy-to-fix microscope that required no power and worked with traditional microscope slides. After prototyping with simple supplies like paper, tape and scissors, he and his team came up with a design that worked. The base level requires no external power source and relies on the sun as the primary light source. The team has since developed multiple versions that allow users to do different kinds of microscopy. For example, there are versions with external light modules, versions of various magnifications, versions that allow for fluorescence microscopy, versions that allow for bright field microscopy, versions that allow for dark field microscopy, and versions that allow the user to project the image on a wall. You can even attach a smartphone to the microscope in order to record images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Foldscopes are currently undergoing validation studies and clinical trials to be approved as diagnostic tools for diseases including malaria, African sleeping sickness and schistosomiasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their potential value for global health, Foldscopes have a strong educational appeal. Prakash wanted to get these microscopes in the hands of children everywhere, so he started the \u003ca href=\"http://www.foldscope.com/\"> Ten Thousand Microscope project\u003c/a>. He wanted to create a network of learners asking questions, so he put a call out for people to submit an idea for an experiment that they would like to do with the Foldscope and then report back on their findings. This idea was so well received that he has shipped approximately 50,000 microscopes to people all around the world. Some of them are already reporting their findings on his \u003ca href=\"http://microcosmos.foldscope.com/\"> website\u003c/a>. He hopes that this project will inspire curiosity and scientific thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Scientific tools need to become common day-to-day objects if we want people to think scientifically,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Foldscopes used for diagnostic testing come pre-folded to ensure high quality control, the ones sent out for educational purposes through the Ten Thousand Microscope Project are folded and built by the users. He hopes that school children, hackers, and tinkerers all over the world will build on and add to the microscopes. While Prakash isn’t quite dropping these Foldscopes from airplanes, he’s certainly getting them into the hands of children all around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind Manu Prakash’s Foldscopes project, and includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\"> kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Manu Prakash has designed the Foldscope, an origami paper microscope that costs less than a dollar.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450483326,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":823},"headData":{"title":"Diagnosing Diseases With Origami Microscopes | KQED","description":"Manu Prakash has designed the Foldscope, an origami paper microscope that costs less than a dollar.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74045 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=74045","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/04/30/diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes-engineering-is/","disqusTitle":"Diagnosing Diseases With Origami Microscopes","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k56MVoz9QIc","source":"Engineering","path":"/quest/74045/diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes-engineering-is","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Trouble viewing the video? Stream or download it on \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/727416dd-b83b-4cfb-abbc-27ec2651629b/diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes/\"> PBS LearningMedia\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Article by Lauren Farrar\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if you could drop microscopes literally around the world from an airplane?” Manu Prakash, a professor of bioengineering at Stanford University would often joke with his team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This musing actually heavily influenced the design of their new microscope, a paper origami microscope. They call it a Foldscope. The microscope is printed on waterproof paper. The user punches out the pieces and folds them together to create a fully functional microscope. It works with standard microscope slides and requires no batteries or electricity to operate. You simply hold the Foldscope up to a light source (like the sun) and look through the salt grain-sized lens to view the sample on the slide. The high curvature of the tiny lenses used in the Foldscope allows small objects to be highly magnified. This little invention costs less than a dollar to produce and could have major implications for global health and for science education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74155\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/04/Foldscope_CU_small_white-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"the Foldscope\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-74155\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close up of the Foldscope.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Prakash grew up in small towns in India where access to healthcare and diagnostic tools, like microscopes, weren’t always easy to come by. He has traveled extensively throughout developing countries and has seen firsthand how diseases like malaria, African sleeping sickness and schistosomiasis can go untreated or are mistreated because patients are not properly diagnosed. Diagnosis of diseases like these usually require a microscope to identify the presence of a particular parasite so that the proper treatment can be administered. But remote or resource poor areas don’t always have access to these heavy, expensive microscopes used in other parts of the world. Standard microscopes are also difficult to transport when doctors travel from village to village to diagnose and treat patients. And even when remote places do have microscopes, there is little support to maintain them or parts available to fix them if they break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Humidity and tropics are terrible for optics… Most of the time when we’re in the field there is fungus growing on the lenses… There were times when we were imaging there, we saw an insect colony come out of the microscope,” Prakash describes some of the challenges of doing field microscopy in remote tropical areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prakash was determined to build a cheap, robust, easy-to-use and easy-to-fix microscope that required no power and worked with traditional microscope slides. After prototyping with simple supplies like paper, tape and scissors, he and his team came up with a design that worked. The base level requires no external power source and relies on the sun as the primary light source. The team has since developed multiple versions that allow users to do different kinds of microscopy. For example, there are versions with external light modules, versions of various magnifications, versions that allow for fluorescence microscopy, versions that allow for bright field microscopy, versions that allow for dark field microscopy, and versions that allow the user to project the image on a wall. You can even attach a smartphone to the microscope in order to record images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Foldscopes are currently undergoing validation studies and clinical trials to be approved as diagnostic tools for diseases including malaria, African sleeping sickness and schistosomiasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their potential value for global health, Foldscopes have a strong educational appeal. Prakash wanted to get these microscopes in the hands of children everywhere, so he started the \u003ca href=\"http://www.foldscope.com/\"> Ten Thousand Microscope project\u003c/a>. He wanted to create a network of learners asking questions, so he put a call out for people to submit an idea for an experiment that they would like to do with the Foldscope and then report back on their findings. This idea was so well received that he has shipped approximately 50,000 microscopes to people all around the world. Some of them are already reporting their findings on his \u003ca href=\"http://microcosmos.foldscope.com/\"> website\u003c/a>. He hopes that this project will inspire curiosity and scientific thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Scientific tools need to become common day-to-day objects if we want people to think scientifically,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Foldscopes used for diagnostic testing come pre-folded to ensure high quality control, the ones sent out for educational purposes through the Ten Thousand Microscope Project are folded and built by the users. He hopes that school children, hackers, and tinkerers all over the world will build on and add to the microscopes. While Prakash isn’t quite dropping these Foldscopes from airplanes, he’s certainly getting them into the hands of children all around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video is part of our \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://foldscope.woop.ie/\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is: Diagnosing Diseases with Origami Microscopes\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> e-book. The e-book explores the science and engineering principles behind Manu Prakash’s Foldscopes project, and includes videos, interactives and media making opportunities. You can find our other e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\"> kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/74045/diagnosing-diseases-with-origami-microscopes-engineering-is","authors":["10423"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_13165","quest_838","quest_12946","quest_13126","quest_13197","quest_13162","quest_12269","quest_3351","quest_13161","quest_1815","quest_1816","quest_13164","quest_13163","quest_2349","quest_2774","quest_3071"],"collections":["quest_13175"],"featImg":"quest_74047","label":"source_quest_74045"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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