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","credit":"Photo by gregbenzphotography.com.","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Greg_Benz_cat__7007149-Edit_16_9_640.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"sheraz-sadiq":{"type":"authors","id":"6176","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6176","found":true},"name":"Sheraz Sadiq","firstName":"Sheraz","lastName":"Sadiq","slug":"sheraz-sadiq","email":"ssadiq@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Sheraz Sadiq is an Emmy Award-winning producer at San Francisco PBS affiliate KQED. 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She is a Detroit transplant, enjoying the good Bay Area life for 17 years. She has a degree in communications, holds several teaching credentials and has a Masters Degree in Environmental Education. She has worked at various Bay Area educational and environmental institutions, teaching second grade, working on campaigns, planting pollinator gardens, producing earth day events and generally spreading the word about wildlife and green living. She currently works at The Oakland Zoo where she serves as the Conservation Manager. There, she coordinates support for international, national and local conservation efforts, produces a Conservation Speaker Series, produces the zoo's Earth Day event, leads eco-trips, teaches the various educational programs and heads up an on-site Green Team. On her list of other passions are travel, photography, music and the lindy hop. :-)","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Amy Gotliffe | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/amy-gotliffe"},"maryrussellroberson":{"type":"authors","id":"10549","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10549","found":true},"name":"Mary-Russell Roberson","firstName":"Mary-Russell","lastName":"Roberson","slug":"maryrussellroberson","email":"maryrussellroberson@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Mary-Russell Roberson writes about all kinds of science in all kinds of media, from articles to exhibits to curricula. She is co-author of \"Exploring the Geology of the Carolinas: A Field Guide to Favorite Places from Chimney Rock to Charleston.\" Although she thrives on variety, she does have some favorite topics: the earth sciences, the environment, natural history, epigenetics, medicine, and toxicology.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee407fc02fa2da01ff95f689fa04d2f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mary-Russell Roberson | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee407fc02fa2da01ff95f689fa04d2f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee407fc02fa2da01ff95f689fa04d2f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/maryrussellroberson"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_67161":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_67161","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"67161","score":null,"sort":[1395928817000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cats-chemicals-and-consumer-power","title":"Cats, Chemicals, and Consumer Power","publishDate":1395928817,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>If you have an older cat, there’s a good chance it has high thyroid levels. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15287394.2012.652054#.UydgD_SwLW5\" target=\"_blank\">10 percent of older cats have this condition\u003c/a>, called hyperthyroidism, which can cause weight loss, an unkempt appearance, and agitation. Unfortunately, it requires lifelong treatment, usually a daily medication\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curiously, hyperthyroidism in cats was virtually unknown before 1979. Another curious fact is that homes where cats with hyperthyroidism live tend to contain dust with higher levels of a certain flame retardant than homes with healthy cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coincidence? Not likely. The flame retardant, called PBDE, is often found in polyurethane foam, which gives structure and softness to upholstered furniture. When people sit down, PBDE poofs out and accumulates in house dust. When cats groom themselves, they ingest the dust and the PBDE, which is structurally similar to thyroid molecules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68419\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 224px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/endocrinesystem_MossGreene.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-68419 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/endocrinesystem_MossGreene-224x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The human endocrine system is a set of eight glands that produce and secrete hormones. Click to learn more about each function. Image courtesy Moss Greene & \u003ca href=\"http://commonsensehealth.com/endocrine-system-diagram-for-understanding-hormones/\">commonsensehealth.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thyroid disorders are also on the rise in people. According to the American Cancer Society, diagnoses of thyroid cancer have doubled since 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the problem is not just PBDE, and it’s not just thyroid disorders. We are exposed to hundreds of other synthetic chemicals every day that have the potential to interfere with the body’s endocrine system, which includes the thyroid. The endocrine system consists of glands and hormones that guide development, metabolism, puberty, and reproduction. The endocrine system is particularly crucial in utero and during infancy because it orchestrates the development of organs. A hormonal misfire during brain development can have lifelong effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are concerned about possible links between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the rapid increase in conditions as varied as autism, ADHD, asthma, childhood leukemia, early puberty, autoimmune disorders, obesity, type-2 diabetes, infertility, and cancers of the thyroid, testes, prostate, and breast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of diseases that have gone up in incidence with our increased use of [synthetic] chemicals since the 1950s,” said Heather Patisaul, an associate professor of biology at North Carolina State University. “That suggests there is an environmental component.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linda Birnbaum, director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS) and the National Toxicology Program, said, “What we’re looking for is not missing arms and legs or someone keels over and dies, but much more subtle kinds of effects which you might see over the course of a lifetime.” She added, “If you don’t look, you don’t find. Now that we’re starting to look, we’re starting to see associations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NIEHS is investing millions of dollars into research on the relationship between the endocrine system and chemicals such as flame retardants, pesticides, and BPA (often used in plastics, receipts, and can linings). We ingest these chemicals with our food and water or by putting our hands in our mouths; we also absorb them through our skin and lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68406\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Couch_Mary-Hockenbery.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-68406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Couch_Mary-Hockenbery-338x253.jpg\" alt=\"In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control. Photo courtesy Mary Hockenbery\" width=\"338\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/reddirtrose/\" target=\"_blank\">Mary Hockenbery\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of animal studies in recent years have provided experimental evidence linking endocrine disruptors and problems ranging from asthma to hyperactivity to cancer. \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbt.21439/abstract;jsessionid=087CBBFCC0127AC621C1AE3A90D7708B.f01t01\" target=\"_blank\">Patisaul’s studies\u003c/a> on rats show an increase in anxiety, early puberty, and premature infertility with exposure to BPA at doses comparable to BPA exposure in average Americans. She and her colleagues also showed that rats exposed to the flame retardant Firemaster 550 were more likely to be anxious and obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though PBDE was phased out between 2005 and 2013, its replacements may not be any safer. Under the \u003ca href=\"http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-toxic-substances-control-act\" target=\"_blank\">Toxic Substances Control Act,\u003c/a> manufacturers must notify the EPA when they bring a new chemical to market, but \u003ca href=\"http://saferchemicals.org/PDF/chemicals-and-our-health-july-2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">they are not required to provide safety data.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patisaul said, “I don’t think people realize the vast majority of chemicals in their world have never been tested for any type of toxicity at all, let alone endocrine disruption. That needs to change. If we can figure out which chemicals are the bad actors, pull them out, and redesign products that are less likely to cause problems, I think that’s a good goal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patisaul is on the scientific advisory board of an initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tipedinfo.com\" target=\"_blank\">Tiered Protocol for Endocrine Disruption\u003c/a> (TiPED), established by Advancing Green Chemistry in collaboration with Environmental Health News. TIPED connects chemical designers with organizations and scientists who can test the chemicals under development for endocrine disruption via computer modeling, cell studies, and animal studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I don’t think people realize the vast majority of chemicals in their world have never been tested for any type of toxicity,\" Heather Patisaul, an associate professor of biology at NCSU\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> Other scientists are designing safer ways to use toxic chemicals. At North Carolina State University, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391000001750\" target=\"_blank\">researchers are designing “cages”\u003c/a> made of rings of sugar molecules to prevent flame retardant molecules from escaping into the environment except at high temperatures. In tests, fabrics treated with the caged flame retardant were less flammable and used less flame retardant than fabrics treated the traditional way (washed in a bath of flame retardants, then cured in an oven).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another force for change is the power of the consumer. Patisaul cites BPA-free plastic bottles as an example. “Regulatory agencies didn’t do it, the government didn’t do it. It was the consumer demand for BPA-free products,” she said. “It’s the consumer that’s changing the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for cats, there’s not much we can do to stop them licking dust off their fur. But if we value our own health, we can learn from their experience. Birnbaum said, “Sometimes there’s strong evidence from wildlife or even domestic animals. . . . We should be listening to those signals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem style=\"font-size: 13px\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff9900\">Interested in testing your couch for flame retardants? Check out this easy and free test at: \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca style=\"font-size: 13px\" href=\"http://foam.pratt.duke.edu/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 13px\">http://foam.pratt.duke.edu/\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"How daily exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals affects people and pets.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442698298,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":1082},"headData":{"title":"Cats, Chemicals, and Consumer Power | KQED","description":"How daily exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals affects people and pets.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cats, Chemicals, and Consumer Power","datePublished":"2014-03-27T14:00:17.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T21:31:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"67161 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=67161","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/03/27/cats-chemicals-and-consumer-power/","disqusTitle":"Cats, Chemicals, and Consumer Power","source":"Health","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/health/","path":"/quest/67161/cats-chemicals-and-consumer-power","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you have an older cat, there’s a good chance it has high thyroid levels. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15287394.2012.652054#.UydgD_SwLW5\" target=\"_blank\">10 percent of older cats have this condition\u003c/a>, called hyperthyroidism, which can cause weight loss, an unkempt appearance, and agitation. Unfortunately, it requires lifelong treatment, usually a daily medication\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curiously, hyperthyroidism in cats was virtually unknown before 1979. Another curious fact is that homes where cats with hyperthyroidism live tend to contain dust with higher levels of a certain flame retardant than homes with healthy cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coincidence? Not likely. The flame retardant, called PBDE, is often found in polyurethane foam, which gives structure and softness to upholstered furniture. When people sit down, PBDE poofs out and accumulates in house dust. When cats groom themselves, they ingest the dust and the PBDE, which is structurally similar to thyroid molecules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68419\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 224px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/endocrinesystem_MossGreene.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-68419 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/endocrinesystem_MossGreene-224x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The human endocrine system is a set of eight glands that produce and secrete hormones. Click to learn more about each function. Image courtesy Moss Greene & \u003ca href=\"http://commonsensehealth.com/endocrine-system-diagram-for-understanding-hormones/\">commonsensehealth.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thyroid disorders are also on the rise in people. According to the American Cancer Society, diagnoses of thyroid cancer have doubled since 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the problem is not just PBDE, and it’s not just thyroid disorders. We are exposed to hundreds of other synthetic chemicals every day that have the potential to interfere with the body’s endocrine system, which includes the thyroid. The endocrine system consists of glands and hormones that guide development, metabolism, puberty, and reproduction. The endocrine system is particularly crucial in utero and during infancy because it orchestrates the development of organs. A hormonal misfire during brain development can have lifelong effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are concerned about possible links between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the rapid increase in conditions as varied as autism, ADHD, asthma, childhood leukemia, early puberty, autoimmune disorders, obesity, type-2 diabetes, infertility, and cancers of the thyroid, testes, prostate, and breast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of diseases that have gone up in incidence with our increased use of [synthetic] chemicals since the 1950s,” said Heather Patisaul, an associate professor of biology at North Carolina State University. “That suggests there is an environmental component.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linda Birnbaum, director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS) and the National Toxicology Program, said, “What we’re looking for is not missing arms and legs or someone keels over and dies, but much more subtle kinds of effects which you might see over the course of a lifetime.” She added, “If you don’t look, you don’t find. Now that we’re starting to look, we’re starting to see associations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NIEHS is investing millions of dollars into research on the relationship between the endocrine system and chemicals such as flame retardants, pesticides, and BPA (often used in plastics, receipts, and can linings). We ingest these chemicals with our food and water or by putting our hands in our mouths; we also absorb them through our skin and lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68406\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Couch_Mary-Hockenbery.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-68406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/02/Couch_Mary-Hockenbery-338x253.jpg\" alt=\"In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control. Photo courtesy Mary Hockenbery\" width=\"338\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/reddirtrose/\" target=\"_blank\">Mary Hockenbery\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of animal studies in recent years have provided experimental evidence linking endocrine disruptors and problems ranging from asthma to hyperactivity to cancer. \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbt.21439/abstract;jsessionid=087CBBFCC0127AC621C1AE3A90D7708B.f01t01\" target=\"_blank\">Patisaul’s studies\u003c/a> on rats show an increase in anxiety, early puberty, and premature infertility with exposure to BPA at doses comparable to BPA exposure in average Americans. She and her colleagues also showed that rats exposed to the flame retardant Firemaster 550 were more likely to be anxious and obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In children, two long-running studies link PBDE exposure in utero and childhood to decreased IQ, attention problems, and problems with fine-motor control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though PBDE was phased out between 2005 and 2013, its replacements may not be any safer. Under the \u003ca href=\"http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-toxic-substances-control-act\" target=\"_blank\">Toxic Substances Control Act,\u003c/a> manufacturers must notify the EPA when they bring a new chemical to market, but \u003ca href=\"http://saferchemicals.org/PDF/chemicals-and-our-health-july-2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">they are not required to provide safety data.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patisaul said, “I don’t think people realize the vast majority of chemicals in their world have never been tested for any type of toxicity at all, let alone endocrine disruption. That needs to change. If we can figure out which chemicals are the bad actors, pull them out, and redesign products that are less likely to cause problems, I think that’s a good goal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patisaul is on the scientific advisory board of an initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tipedinfo.com\" target=\"_blank\">Tiered Protocol for Endocrine Disruption\u003c/a> (TiPED), established by Advancing Green Chemistry in collaboration with Environmental Health News. TIPED connects chemical designers with organizations and scientists who can test the chemicals under development for endocrine disruption via computer modeling, cell studies, and animal studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I don’t think people realize the vast majority of chemicals in their world have never been tested for any type of toxicity,\" Heather Patisaul, an associate professor of biology at NCSU\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> Other scientists are designing safer ways to use toxic chemicals. At North Carolina State University, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391000001750\" target=\"_blank\">researchers are designing “cages”\u003c/a> made of rings of sugar molecules to prevent flame retardant molecules from escaping into the environment except at high temperatures. In tests, fabrics treated with the caged flame retardant were less flammable and used less flame retardant than fabrics treated the traditional way (washed in a bath of flame retardants, then cured in an oven).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another force for change is the power of the consumer. Patisaul cites BPA-free plastic bottles as an example. “Regulatory agencies didn’t do it, the government didn’t do it. It was the consumer demand for BPA-free products,” she said. “It’s the consumer that’s changing the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for cats, there’s not much we can do to stop them licking dust off their fur. But if we value our own health, we can learn from their experience. Birnbaum said, “Sometimes there’s strong evidence from wildlife or even domestic animals. . . . We should be listening to those signals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem style=\"font-size: 13px\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff9900\">Interested in testing your couch for flame retardants? Check out this easy and free test at: \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca style=\"font-size: 13px\" href=\"http://foam.pratt.duke.edu/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 13px\">http://foam.pratt.duke.edu/\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/67161/cats-chemicals-and-consumer-power","authors":["10549"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_12705","quest_13217","quest_510","quest_12703","quest_12702","quest_11139","quest_1009","quest_12269","quest_13201","quest_12704","quest_10964","quest_10427","quest_13365","quest_2964"],"featImg":"quest_68326","label":"source_quest_67161"},"quest_3026":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3026","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3026","score":null,"sort":[1247247938000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"get-a-dog-and-save-the-planet","title":"Get a Dog and Save the Planet","publishDate":1247247938,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/cooper.jpg\">\u003cem>Cooper and me saving energy on the couch\u003c/em>\u003c/span>My cousin Mark is a pretty smart guy who reads widely. (All my cousins are above average.) Here is what Mark sent to me in an e-mail about dogs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Professor \u003ca title=\"http://www.grandin.com/\" href=\"http://www.grandin.com/\">Temple Grandin\u003c/a> says that dogs are genetic wolves that have co-evolved with humans for 100,000 years, maybe more. Hence dogs and humans have complementary advantages and deficits. Humans used to have a better sense of hearing and smell, now dogs are better than us at those. Humans walk upright and have better vision and organizational skills, so dogs depend on us to see things and try to find them. Both are social creatures. So the lesson is that Nature has bundled the hardware and software for these skills and abilities between the two species. Unbundling them carries certain risks, so you should try to live with a dog if you can.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I agree that dogs and humans are a pretty good combination. Michele and I have had a dog for about a year now. Cooper is a medium-sized Labradoodle, which is a Lab and Poodle mix. He's a great dog and we love him a lot. He's heartbreakingly cute and cuddly. He has a Lab's great disposition and a Poodle's smarts. We think he's the best dog ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, along with being a good partner, is Cooper an energy efficient addition to our household? Are pets, and dogs in particular, a step in the right direction in the battle against global warming and the fight for energy security? Is Underdog more than a cartoon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think \"bundling\" ourselves with animals is a good idea for lots of reasons, but here is why I think dogs are energy efficient:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1.) Dogs add warmth in the winter and stay outside most of the time in the summer, so they don't add much to a house's cooling load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2.) Dogs add fur in the winter and cool themselves using their tongues. Try that, humans!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3.) When he has nothing to do, Cooper lays down flat as a pancake and barely moves, thereby conserving energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4.) Dogs are great alarm systems and don't even need batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>5.) Dogs eat stuff that humans throw away. They will clean your plates if you let them, saving water and energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>6.) Because dogs need to be walked, they cause their owners to exercise, reducing their owners' appetite and therefore their food intake (that's how it's \u003cem>supposed\u003c/em> to work).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>7.) Dogs give you unconditional love and so you don't have to drive your car to visit family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anybody want to weigh in on \u003cem>cats\u003c/em>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Are pets, and dogs in particular, a step in the right direction in the battle against global warming and the fight for energy security? Is Underdog more than a cartoon?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1247247938,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":465},"headData":{"title":"Get a Dog and Save the Planet | KQED","description":"Are pets, and dogs in particular, a step in the right direction in the battle against global warming and the fight for energy security? Is Underdog more than a cartoon?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Get a Dog and Save the Planet","datePublished":"2009-07-10T17:45:38.000Z","dateModified":"2009-07-10T17:45:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3026 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3026","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/07/10/get-a-dog-and-save-the-planet/","disqusTitle":"Get a Dog and Save the Planet","path":"/quest/3026/get-a-dog-and-save-the-planet","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/cooper.jpg\">\u003cem>Cooper and me saving energy on the couch\u003c/em>\u003c/span>My cousin Mark is a pretty smart guy who reads widely. (All my cousins are above average.) Here is what Mark sent to me in an e-mail about dogs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Professor \u003ca title=\"http://www.grandin.com/\" href=\"http://www.grandin.com/\">Temple Grandin\u003c/a> says that dogs are genetic wolves that have co-evolved with humans for 100,000 years, maybe more. Hence dogs and humans have complementary advantages and deficits. Humans used to have a better sense of hearing and smell, now dogs are better than us at those. Humans walk upright and have better vision and organizational skills, so dogs depend on us to see things and try to find them. Both are social creatures. So the lesson is that Nature has bundled the hardware and software for these skills and abilities between the two species. Unbundling them carries certain risks, so you should try to live with a dog if you can.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I agree that dogs and humans are a pretty good combination. Michele and I have had a dog for about a year now. Cooper is a medium-sized Labradoodle, which is a Lab and Poodle mix. He's a great dog and we love him a lot. He's heartbreakingly cute and cuddly. He has a Lab's great disposition and a Poodle's smarts. We think he's the best dog ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, along with being a good partner, is Cooper an energy efficient addition to our household? Are pets, and dogs in particular, a step in the right direction in the battle against global warming and the fight for energy security? Is Underdog more than a cartoon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think \"bundling\" ourselves with animals is a good idea for lots of reasons, but here is why I think dogs are energy efficient:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1.) Dogs add warmth in the winter and stay outside most of the time in the summer, so they don't add much to a house's cooling load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2.) Dogs add fur in the winter and cool themselves using their tongues. Try that, humans!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3.) When he has nothing to do, Cooper lays down flat as a pancake and barely moves, thereby conserving energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4.) Dogs are great alarm systems and don't even need batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>5.) Dogs eat stuff that humans throw away. They will clean your plates if you let them, saving water and energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>6.) Because dogs need to be walked, they cause their owners to exercise, reducing their owners' appetite and therefore their food intake (that's how it's \u003cem>supposed\u003c/em> to work).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>7.) Dogs give you unconditional love and so you don't have to drive your car to visit family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anybody want to weigh in on \u003cem>cats\u003c/em>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3026/get-a-dog-and-save-the-planet","authors":["10175"],"categories":["quest_9"],"tags":["quest_510","quest_621","quest_857","quest_984","quest_987","quest_1224","quest_1381","quest_1595","quest_2170","quest_2900"],"label":"quest"},"quest_17477":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17477","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17477","score":null,"sort":[1242758700000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"asthma-what-brought-on-the-epidemic","title":"Asthma: What Brought on the Epidemic?","publishDate":1242758700,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>The rates of childhood asthma in the United States rose 160 percent from 1980 to 1994 and have remained high ever since, making this chronic lung illness the country's third most common pediatric disease. QUEST meets Bay Area researchers who are investigating possible environmental and social culprits. Their understanding of asthma's causes could one day lead to measures to prevent kids from developing the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/19/producers-notes-asthma/\" target=\"_blank\">asthma and this video\u003c/a> with the Producer's Notes.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The rates of childhood asthma in the United States rose 160 percent from 1980 to 1994 and have remained high ever since, making this chronic lung illness the country's third most common pediatric disease. QUEST meets Bay Area researchers who are investigating possible environmental and social culprits.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457749125,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":81},"headData":{"title":"Asthma: What Brought on the Epidemic? | KQED","description":"The rates of childhood asthma in the United States rose 160 percent from 1980 to 1994 and have remained high ever since, making this chronic lung illness the country's third most common pediatric disease. QUEST meets Bay Area researchers who are investigating possible environmental and social culprits.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Asthma: What Brought on the Epidemic?","datePublished":"2009-05-19T18:45:00.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-12T02:18:45.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17477 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/asthma-what-brought-on-the-epidemic/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/19/asthma-what-brought-on-the-epidemic/","disqusTitle":"Asthma: What Brought on the Epidemic?","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8fwBtMAJtY","path":"/quest/17477/asthma-what-brought-on-the-epidemic","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The rates of childhood asthma in the United States rose 160 percent from 1980 to 1994 and have remained high ever since, making this chronic lung illness the country's third most common pediatric disease. QUEST meets Bay Area researchers who are investigating possible environmental and social culprits. Their understanding of asthma's causes could one day lead to measures to prevent kids from developing the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/19/producers-notes-asthma/\" target=\"_blank\">asthma and this video\u003c/a> with the Producer's Notes.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17477/asthma-what-brought-on-the-epidemic","authors":["6186","6176"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_12","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_122","quest_236","quest_510","quest_575","quest_857","quest_11127","quest_13201","quest_11126","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2170","quest_3711","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_2893"],"label":"quest"},"quest_17480":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17480","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17480","score":null,"sort":[1242758400000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"web-extra-can-we-prevent-asthma","title":"Web Extra: Can We Prevent Asthma?","publishDate":1242758400,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"308e_asthma_extra\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can parents do anything to help prevent their kids from getting asthma? QUEST takes a look at some leading hypotheses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Can parents do anything to help prevent their kids from getting asthma? QUEST takes a look at some leading hypotheses.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1337712218,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":25},"headData":{"title":"Web Extra: Can We Prevent Asthma? | KQED","description":"Can parents do anything to help prevent their kids from getting asthma? QUEST takes a look at some leading hypotheses.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Web Extra: Can We Prevent Asthma?","datePublished":"2009-05-19T18:40:00.000Z","dateModified":"2012-05-22T18:43:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17480 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/web-extra-can-we-prevent-asthma/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/19/web-extra-can-we-prevent-asthma/","disqusTitle":"Web Extra: Can We Prevent Asthma?","path":"/quest/17480/web-extra-can-we-prevent-asthma","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"308e_asthma_extra\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can parents do anything to help prevent their kids from getting asthma? QUEST takes a look at some leading hypotheses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17480/web-extra-can-we-prevent-asthma","authors":["6186"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_122","quest_236","quest_510","quest_575","quest_857","quest_13201","quest_11126","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_3711","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_2893"],"label":"quest"},"quest_2304":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_2304","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"2304","score":null,"sort":[1241639227000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-the-scoop-on-kitty-poop","title":"What's the Scoop on Kitty Poop?","publishDate":1241639227,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/kittie.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>What are the options for eco-friendly cat litter?\u003c/em>\u003c/span>In researching this blog post, I continually ran across the word \"conundrum\" - which is defined as a puzzling question or problem. Used in a sentence, one might say, \"I am a cat owner who cares about the environment. What to do about their poop presents quite a conundrum.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Let's explore the facts around this puzzle.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact:\u003c/strong> There are approximately 88.3 million companion cats in the United States, according to the Humane Society of the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact:\u003c/strong> All of them poop. The poop and the kitty litter must go somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact\u003c/strong>: The \u003ca href=\"http://cats.about.com/cs/litterbox/a/clumpingclay.htm\">traditional clay litters\u003c/a> have been criticized for being resourced through strip-mining, and may contain harmful chemicals that cats can lick from their fur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>These three facts alone are reason enough to feel the effects of a conundrum, but let's explore further\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: \u003c/strong>Flushing cat poop down the toilet is an option once suggested by environmentalists, but is now an eco- No-No. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Toxoplasma gondii\u003c/em>, a parasite found in cat's intestines, can be passed through the feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When flushed, the T. Gondii travels with the toilet water from your house to a treatment center (where it resists treatment) to the bay to the Pacific Ocean and into the habitat of many sea creatures, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/efc/efc_wao/wao_seaotter.asp\">Sea Otter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A UC Davis study of otters that live in areas near freshwater runoff, found that 42% of live otters and 62% of dead otters tested positive for \u003cem>T. Gondii\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, recent legislation will require kitty litters bags to include warning labels about flushing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Editor's note: QUEST's very first TV story, \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/whats-killing-the-sea-otters\">\"What's Killing the Sea Otters?\" - 2/6/07- \u003c/a>\" covers this topic in detail.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Now that we are clear on the conundrum, let's explore some options.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reclaimed Wood Litter: \u003c/strong>Litter made from reclaimed wood is an greener option. Pine and cedar sawdust that would normally end up in landfills is concentrated without the use of dangerous chemicals to produce environmentally safe litter. Feline Pine, Nature's Earth and Catfresh are options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recycled Newspaper Litter: \u003c/strong>Try litter made from recycled newspapers. The paper absorbs just as well and re-uses resources. Two great brands are Yesterdays News and Good Mews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plant-based Litters: \u003c/strong>Plant-based litters are made from materials such as corn, corncobs, cornhusks, wheat by-products, wheat grass and beet pulp. These biodegradable materials, have no odor, are very absorbent and don't produce the same kind or volume of dust as clay litters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Biodegradable Bags: \u003c/strong> These are available at most pet stores. Use the biodegradable litter with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Composting: \u003c/strong>Being a Zoo employee, we are BIG composters of our herbivore poop, creating rich and wonderful soil to grow our botanical paradise at Knowland Park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturemill.com\">NatureMill\u003c/a>, makers of the pet-friendly composter claim that it is possible to compost pet poop, as well. This composter, made from recycled and recyclable materials, is an easy to use alternative. Just add food scraps and the computerized composter heats up the ingredients to the 140 degrees (the EPA suggests over 130 degrees). Out comes soil for your flowerbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make Your Own Kitty Litter: \u003c/strong>The DIY-crowd may even wish to attempt a \u003ca href=\"http://alliesanswers.com/tip-of-the-day/tip-of-the-day-make-your-own-kitty-litter/1044\">hand-crafted solution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are all great alternatives that, of course, present more questions. Like all environmental issues these days, each solution may lead to a new puzzle or conundrum for us to wrap our greening brains around. Let's keep on exploring!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"I am a cat owner who cares about the environment. What to do about their poop presents quite a conundrum.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443831448,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":586},"headData":{"title":"What's the Scoop on Kitty Poop? | KQED","description":"I am a cat owner who cares about the environment. What to do about their poop presents quite a conundrum.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's the Scoop on Kitty Poop?","datePublished":"2009-05-06T19:47:07.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-03T00:17:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"2304 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=2304","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/06/whats-the-scoop-on-kitty-poop/","disqusTitle":"What's the Scoop on Kitty Poop?","path":"/quest/2304/whats-the-scoop-on-kitty-poop","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/kittie.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>What are the options for eco-friendly cat litter?\u003c/em>\u003c/span>In researching this blog post, I continually ran across the word \"conundrum\" - which is defined as a puzzling question or problem. Used in a sentence, one might say, \"I am a cat owner who cares about the environment. What to do about their poop presents quite a conundrum.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Let's explore the facts around this puzzle.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact:\u003c/strong> There are approximately 88.3 million companion cats in the United States, according to the Humane Society of the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact:\u003c/strong> All of them poop. The poop and the kitty litter must go somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact\u003c/strong>: The \u003ca href=\"http://cats.about.com/cs/litterbox/a/clumpingclay.htm\">traditional clay litters\u003c/a> have been criticized for being resourced through strip-mining, and may contain harmful chemicals that cats can lick from their fur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>These three facts alone are reason enough to feel the effects of a conundrum, but let's explore further\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: \u003c/strong>Flushing cat poop down the toilet is an option once suggested by environmentalists, but is now an eco- No-No. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Toxoplasma gondii\u003c/em>, a parasite found in cat's intestines, can be passed through the feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When flushed, the T. Gondii travels with the toilet water from your house to a treatment center (where it resists treatment) to the bay to the Pacific Ocean and into the habitat of many sea creatures, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/efc/efc_wao/wao_seaotter.asp\">Sea Otter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A UC Davis study of otters that live in areas near freshwater runoff, found that 42% of live otters and 62% of dead otters tested positive for \u003cem>T. Gondii\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, recent legislation will require kitty litters bags to include warning labels about flushing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Editor's note: QUEST's very first TV story, \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/whats-killing-the-sea-otters\">\"What's Killing the Sea Otters?\" - 2/6/07- \u003c/a>\" covers this topic in detail.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Now that we are clear on the conundrum, let's explore some options.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reclaimed Wood Litter: \u003c/strong>Litter made from reclaimed wood is an greener option. Pine and cedar sawdust that would normally end up in landfills is concentrated without the use of dangerous chemicals to produce environmentally safe litter. Feline Pine, Nature's Earth and Catfresh are options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recycled Newspaper Litter: \u003c/strong>Try litter made from recycled newspapers. The paper absorbs just as well and re-uses resources. Two great brands are Yesterdays News and Good Mews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plant-based Litters: \u003c/strong>Plant-based litters are made from materials such as corn, corncobs, cornhusks, wheat by-products, wheat grass and beet pulp. These biodegradable materials, have no odor, are very absorbent and don't produce the same kind or volume of dust as clay litters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Biodegradable Bags: \u003c/strong> These are available at most pet stores. Use the biodegradable litter with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Composting: \u003c/strong>Being a Zoo employee, we are BIG composters of our herbivore poop, creating rich and wonderful soil to grow our botanical paradise at Knowland Park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturemill.com\">NatureMill\u003c/a>, makers of the pet-friendly composter claim that it is possible to compost pet poop, as well. This composter, made from recycled and recyclable materials, is an easy to use alternative. Just add food scraps and the computerized composter heats up the ingredients to the 140 degrees (the EPA suggests over 130 degrees). Out comes soil for your flowerbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make Your Own Kitty Litter: \u003c/strong>The DIY-crowd may even wish to attempt a \u003ca href=\"http://alliesanswers.com/tip-of-the-day/tip-of-the-day-make-your-own-kitty-litter/1044\">hand-crafted solution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are all great alternatives that, of course, present more questions. Like all environmental issues these days, each solution may lead to a new puzzle or conundrum for us to wrap our greening brains around. Let's keep on exploring!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/2304/whats-the-scoop-on-kitty-poop","authors":["10178"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_510","quest_1579","quest_2090","quest_2170","quest_2388","quest_2562","quest_13365"],"label":"quest"},"quest_915":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_915","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"915","score":null,"sort":[1225471768000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-wonderful-find-in-the-pelt-room","title":"A Wonderful Find in the Pelt Room","publishDate":1225471768,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/10/snow-leopard.jpg\">\u003cem>Snow leopard\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Recently I had to return several bird specimens to the Ornithology and Mammalogy department at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">Academy\u003c/a>. This project afforded me an opportunity to go into the pelt and bird room. The room, essentially a large refrigerator, was a brisk 58 degrees and packed with all sorts of wonderful specimens. Birds of all kinds stood picturesque on shelves while pelts of lions, tigers, bears among other mammals lined the walls several feet deep. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specimens were sorted into taxonomical groups with relation to each other. Some specimens were a century old if not older, including an elephant skin shot in Africa by President Teddy Roosevelt in 1908. As mammals are my greatest love in natural history, I was in awe of the great variety of specimens. One specimen in particular took my breath away. Buried below the pelts of tigers with their massive paws was the smaller and more elusive Uncia uncia better known as the Snow Leopard. The first thing that struck me about the pelt was the length of the tail. For balance on the slippery climes of mountainous central and South Asia, snow leopards use incredibly long tails for balancing while stalking their prey of mountain goats, wild sheep, and small mammals. They will traverse up and down perilous cliffs in pursuit of prey and do so with an extraordinary balance. Watching \u003ca href=\"http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/planet-earth/planet-earth.html\">Planet Earth\u003c/a> recently, I was enthralled watching live footage of an actual hunt on a cliff. The speed and agility of these animals is incredible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was studying the Snow Leopard that made me fall in love with the big cat family and set me on a course to learn about conservation. I had to give a report in fifth grade about the cat and I still can remember drawing the body out on the board to show that the tail was usually the same length as the cat's body. I was so nervous during the talk that my lips trembled giving me a horrible stutter through out. Yet, that was the first time I became really passionate about an animal and ultimately conservation. I remember thinking \"This leopard could become extinct in my lifetime…\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is still a very likely scenario, although they are now on the \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22732\">Red List\u003c/a>\" of endangered species. There are only about 7,500 Snow Leopards in the wild and fewer than 700 in zoos around the world. This animal is a perfect example of an animal's needs and habitat battling against the needs of a local people and economy. Protection of the Snow Leopard includes research and tracking. It also includes education and empowering the villagers that share a habitat with them to protect them as well. Poaching of Snow Leopards has been one of the main causes for their demise. Historically they have been hunted for their thick fur and killed as a pest because in lean years they kill the goats and sheep of local villages. Conservation groups like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.snowleopard.org/\">Snow Leopard Trust\u003c/a> understand that conservation is not only about research but creating economical and educational opportunities for local people who live with these animals. I am hoping conservation endeavors will continue to protect animals living in the wild. It would be a shame if in my lifetime Snow Leopards were only noted as pelts hanging in museums like the Academy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7697 -122.466\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It was studying the Snow Leopard that made me fall in love with the big cat family and set me on a course to learn about conservation.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1225471768,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":563},"headData":{"title":"A Wonderful Find in the Pelt Room | KQED","description":"It was studying the Snow Leopard that made me fall in love with the big cat family and set me on a course to learn about conservation.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Wonderful Find in the Pelt Room","datePublished":"2008-10-31T16:49:28.000Z","dateModified":"2008-10-31T16:49:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"915 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=915","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/31/a-wonderful-find-in-the-pelt-room/","disqusTitle":"A Wonderful Find in the Pelt Room","path":"/quest/915/a-wonderful-find-in-the-pelt-room","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/10/snow-leopard.jpg\">\u003cem>Snow leopard\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Recently I had to return several bird specimens to the Ornithology and Mammalogy department at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">Academy\u003c/a>. This project afforded me an opportunity to go into the pelt and bird room. The room, essentially a large refrigerator, was a brisk 58 degrees and packed with all sorts of wonderful specimens. Birds of all kinds stood picturesque on shelves while pelts of lions, tigers, bears among other mammals lined the walls several feet deep. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specimens were sorted into taxonomical groups with relation to each other. Some specimens were a century old if not older, including an elephant skin shot in Africa by President Teddy Roosevelt in 1908. As mammals are my greatest love in natural history, I was in awe of the great variety of specimens. One specimen in particular took my breath away. Buried below the pelts of tigers with their massive paws was the smaller and more elusive Uncia uncia better known as the Snow Leopard. The first thing that struck me about the pelt was the length of the tail. For balance on the slippery climes of mountainous central and South Asia, snow leopards use incredibly long tails for balancing while stalking their prey of mountain goats, wild sheep, and small mammals. They will traverse up and down perilous cliffs in pursuit of prey and do so with an extraordinary balance. Watching \u003ca href=\"http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/planet-earth/planet-earth.html\">Planet Earth\u003c/a> recently, I was enthralled watching live footage of an actual hunt on a cliff. The speed and agility of these animals is incredible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was studying the Snow Leopard that made me fall in love with the big cat family and set me on a course to learn about conservation. I had to give a report in fifth grade about the cat and I still can remember drawing the body out on the board to show that the tail was usually the same length as the cat's body. I was so nervous during the talk that my lips trembled giving me a horrible stutter through out. Yet, that was the first time I became really passionate about an animal and ultimately conservation. I remember thinking \"This leopard could become extinct in my lifetime…\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is still a very likely scenario, although they are now on the \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22732\">Red List\u003c/a>\" of endangered species. There are only about 7,500 Snow Leopards in the wild and fewer than 700 in zoos around the world. This animal is a perfect example of an animal's needs and habitat battling against the needs of a local people and economy. Protection of the Snow Leopard includes research and tracking. It also includes education and empowering the villagers that share a habitat with them to protect them as well. Poaching of Snow Leopards has been one of the main causes for their demise. Historically they have been hunted for their thick fur and killed as a pest because in lean years they kill the goats and sheep of local villages. Conservation groups like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.snowleopard.org/\">Snow Leopard Trust\u003c/a> understand that conservation is not only about research but creating economical and educational opportunities for local people who live with these animals. I am hoping conservation endeavors will continue to protect animals living in the wild. 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Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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