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(Photo: Josh Cassidy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This week, California officials are voting on the toughest new regulations in the country to promote cleaner cars. If passed, by 2025, 15% of new cars and trucks sold in the state would have to be powered by batteries, hydrogen fuel cells or other technology that produces little or no air pollution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kind of tough mandates have been tried before and they failed. But officials are confident that era of electric vehicle as finally arrived in California. That’s becoming the case in the Bay Area, which has been a strong market for advanced cars since the first Prius came out a decade ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a Prius V,” says Joe Testa at Downtown Toyota in Oakland, showing one of \u003ca href=\"http://www.toyota.com/prius-hybrid-family/\">several new Prius models\u003c/a> that Toyota is releasing this year. “It’s the longer, wagon style, so it has a little more room.” Testa says there’s already a waiting list for the new Prius Plug-in, which comes out in March. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toyota came out with hybrids ahead of other carmakers, maybe because the company anticipated changes in the market. Or, as some believe, it was due to a California state agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been at the forefront of encouraging, and some would people would say forcing, new technologies. The Prius hybrid electric vehicle is an example of that,” says Tom Cackette. Chief Deputy Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/homepage.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California’s Clean Car History \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cackette says to see California’s legacy of shaping national car policy, you have to go back to 1975. The state had a growing smog problem, so the air board required cars to have catalytic converters. The federal government followed. California then \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/html/brochure/history.htm\">tightened air pollution rules\u003c/a> for cars. And tightened them again. “And almost in every case, the federal government would follow two, three, four, five years later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, new cars emit 99 percent less smog than cars did in the 1960s. “It’s probably the most successful environmental program in the world,” says Cackette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Clean car diaries\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s it like to drive an electric car on an everyday basis? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/clean-car-diaries/\">Check out our new blog\u003c/a> with lessons from early adopters.[/box]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, California has a new goal: dramatically \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cleanenergy/cleanenergy.htm\">cutting greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a> to fight climate change. Transportation accounts for 40% of the state’s emissions. “The number one strategy to reduce greenhouse gases is these car standards,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/consumer_info/advanced_clean_cars/consumer_acc.htm\">The proposed standards\u003c/a> would cut greenhouse gas emissions from new cars in half by 2025. “We actually worked very closely under the federal government under the Obama Administration and we’ve jointly developed the standards. So they won’t just apply in California. But they’ll apply nationwide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meeting these tougher standards will raise car prices by about $1900, but Cackette says those costs would be offset by fuel savings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jumpstarting Electric Car Sales\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of that, California is taking an even bolder step, requiring automakers to sell increasing numbers of clean cars in the state. By 2025, they’d have to sell almost a million and half vehicles that run on electricity or hydrogen fuel cells. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thing is – California has tried this before. And it didn’t work. “I guess I would call it a little too visionary perhaps,” says Cackette. In 1990, the Air Resources Board mandated that 10 percent of new car sales be “\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/consumer_info/advanced_clean_cars/consumer_acc_technology.htm\">zero emission\u003c/a>” cars by 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously that didn’t happen. The price of gas was cheap in those times. The price of the technologies were high,” he says. The air board loosened the rules to include hybrid cars and cleaner gasoline engines, which he says drove carmakers to develop them faster. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Cackette believes that technology has come of age. Nissan is selling the all-electric Leaf and Chevy is selling the Volt, a plug-in hybrid. And there’s another big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Automakers Onboard \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The car manufacturers were adamantly opposed to the concept of government telling them they needed to build a new type of technology. That’s changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are seeing more agreement between automakers and California and the federal government,” agrees Gloria Bergquist, a spokeswoman for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers in Washington DC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automakers have invested billions of dollars in these technologies. And so in some ways we have similar interests. Our interest in recouping our investment is now aligned with the societal imperative to get more of these vehicles on the road,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bergquist says meeting the mandate calling for carmakers to sell a certain number of clean vehicles will ultimately depend on consumers. “There’s still a concern about what the consumer acceptance of these technologies is going to be and that can make a mandate very scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Groups Push for Tougher Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think California could be bolder,” says Don Anair is with the Union of Concerned Scientists, a non-profit group that supports even stronger clean car rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need that technology to advance for the technology cost to come down and make these vehicles accessible to more and more consumers. By having a more aggressive standard, that gives more certainty to investors that California is committed.” Anair wants to see tougher standards sooner rather than later, since it takes 15 years on average for the entire fleet of cars on the road to turn over. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the new rules are successful, electric cars could be adopted at a much faster pace. Tom Cackette of the Air Resources Board says they’re doing all they can to encourage consumers to buy them, including funding a popular rebate program and working with companies to build an electric car charging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, you’ve got to sort of have a jumpstart to this whole process and in the absence of a jumpstart, there’s a chance that it will fail,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_29644\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"ARB-chart\" width=\"600\" height=\"318\" class=\"size-full wp-image-29644\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart-400x212.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A projection of how zero emissions vehicles like electric cars will be 87% of all cars on the road in California by 2025. Source: California Air Resources Board.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California officials are considering the toughest regulations in the country to promote sales of cars powered by batteries, hydrogen fuel cells or other technology that produces little or no air pollution. These kind of tough mandates have been tried before but they failed. So is this finally the right time for the clean car? ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1335464834,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1084},"headData":{"title":"California Pushes to Get Clean Cars on the Road | KQED","description":"California officials are considering the toughest regulations in the country to promote sales of cars powered by batteries, hydrogen fuel cells or other technology that produces little or no air pollution. These kind of tough mandates have been tried before but they failed. So is this finally the right time for the clean car? ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Pushes to Get Clean Cars on the Road","datePublished":"2012-01-19T22:33:22.000Z","dateModified":"2012-04-26T18:27:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"29620 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/california-pushes-to-get-clean-cars-on-the-road/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/19/california-pushes-to-get-clean-cars-on-the-road/","disqusTitle":"California Pushes to Get Clean Cars on the Road","path":"/quest/29620/california-pushes-to-get-clean-cars-on-the-road","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/01/2012-01-23-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/01/2012-01-23-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_29622\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/IMG_4428.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/IMG_4428-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"IMG_4428\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-29622\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The new all-electric Nissan Leaf. (Photo: Josh Cassidy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This week, California officials are voting on the toughest new regulations in the country to promote cleaner cars. If passed, by 2025, 15% of new cars and trucks sold in the state would have to be powered by batteries, hydrogen fuel cells or other technology that produces little or no air pollution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kind of tough mandates have been tried before and they failed. But officials are confident that era of electric vehicle as finally arrived in California. That’s becoming the case in the Bay Area, which has been a strong market for advanced cars since the first Prius came out a decade ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a Prius V,” says Joe Testa at Downtown Toyota in Oakland, showing one of \u003ca href=\"http://www.toyota.com/prius-hybrid-family/\">several new Prius models\u003c/a> that Toyota is releasing this year. “It’s the longer, wagon style, so it has a little more room.” Testa says there’s already a waiting list for the new Prius Plug-in, which comes out in March. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toyota came out with hybrids ahead of other carmakers, maybe because the company anticipated changes in the market. Or, as some believe, it was due to a California state agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been at the forefront of encouraging, and some would people would say forcing, new technologies. The Prius hybrid electric vehicle is an example of that,” says Tom Cackette. Chief Deputy Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/homepage.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California’s Clean Car History \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cackette says to see California’s legacy of shaping national car policy, you have to go back to 1975. The state had a growing smog problem, so the air board required cars to have catalytic converters. The federal government followed. California then \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/html/brochure/history.htm\">tightened air pollution rules\u003c/a> for cars. And tightened them again. “And almost in every case, the federal government would follow two, three, four, five years later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, new cars emit 99 percent less smog than cars did in the 1960s. “It’s probably the most successful environmental program in the world,” says Cackette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Clean car diaries\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s it like to drive an electric car on an everyday basis? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/clean-car-diaries/\">Check out our new blog\u003c/a> with lessons from early adopters.[/box]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, California has a new goal: dramatically \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cleanenergy/cleanenergy.htm\">cutting greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a> to fight climate change. Transportation accounts for 40% of the state’s emissions. “The number one strategy to reduce greenhouse gases is these car standards,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/consumer_info/advanced_clean_cars/consumer_acc.htm\">The proposed standards\u003c/a> would cut greenhouse gas emissions from new cars in half by 2025. “We actually worked very closely under the federal government under the Obama Administration and we’ve jointly developed the standards. So they won’t just apply in California. But they’ll apply nationwide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meeting these tougher standards will raise car prices by about $1900, but Cackette says those costs would be offset by fuel savings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jumpstarting Electric Car Sales\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of that, California is taking an even bolder step, requiring automakers to sell increasing numbers of clean cars in the state. By 2025, they’d have to sell almost a million and half vehicles that run on electricity or hydrogen fuel cells. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thing is – California has tried this before. And it didn’t work. “I guess I would call it a little too visionary perhaps,” says Cackette. In 1990, the Air Resources Board mandated that 10 percent of new car sales be “\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/consumer_info/advanced_clean_cars/consumer_acc_technology.htm\">zero emission\u003c/a>” cars by 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously that didn’t happen. The price of gas was cheap in those times. The price of the technologies were high,” he says. The air board loosened the rules to include hybrid cars and cleaner gasoline engines, which he says drove carmakers to develop them faster. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Cackette believes that technology has come of age. Nissan is selling the all-electric Leaf and Chevy is selling the Volt, a plug-in hybrid. And there’s another big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Automakers Onboard \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The car manufacturers were adamantly opposed to the concept of government telling them they needed to build a new type of technology. That’s changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are seeing more agreement between automakers and California and the federal government,” agrees Gloria Bergquist, a spokeswoman for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers in Washington DC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automakers have invested billions of dollars in these technologies. And so in some ways we have similar interests. Our interest in recouping our investment is now aligned with the societal imperative to get more of these vehicles on the road,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bergquist says meeting the mandate calling for carmakers to sell a certain number of clean vehicles will ultimately depend on consumers. “There’s still a concern about what the consumer acceptance of these technologies is going to be and that can make a mandate very scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Groups Push for Tougher Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think California could be bolder,” says Don Anair is with the Union of Concerned Scientists, a non-profit group that supports even stronger clean car rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need that technology to advance for the technology cost to come down and make these vehicles accessible to more and more consumers. By having a more aggressive standard, that gives more certainty to investors that California is committed.” Anair wants to see tougher standards sooner rather than later, since it takes 15 years on average for the entire fleet of cars on the road to turn over. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the new rules are successful, electric cars could be adopted at a much faster pace. Tom Cackette of the Air Resources Board says they’re doing all they can to encourage consumers to buy them, including funding a popular rebate program and working with companies to build an electric car charging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, you’ve got to sort of have a jumpstart to this whole process and in the absence of a jumpstart, there’s a chance that it will fail,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_29644\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"ARB-chart\" width=\"600\" height=\"318\" class=\"size-full wp-image-29644\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ARB-chart-400x212.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A projection of how zero emissions vehicles like electric cars will be 87% of all cars on the road in California by 2025. Source: California Air Resources Board.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/29620/california-pushes-to-get-clean-cars-on-the-road","authors":["239"],"series":["quest_10636"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_54","quest_94","quest_252","quest_481","quest_499","quest_569","quest_621","quest_950","quest_1271","quest_1427","quest_13203","quest_1997","quest_13202","quest_2669"],"featImg":"quest_29622","label":"quest_10636"},"quest_8249":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_8249","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"8249","score":null,"sort":[1284488600000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"40-years-of-the-clean-air-act","title":"40 Years of the Clean Air Act","publishDate":1284488600,"format":"audio","headTitle":"40 Years of the Clean Air Act | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/1268590-R01-032_scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Bay Area smog, 1968\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reported for \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/\">KQEDnews.org\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those too young to remember the Bay Area 40 years ago, it’s hard to imagine the mostly clear skies that Bay Area residents enjoy today filled with choking smog from factories, cars and garbage fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air pollution back in the ‘50s and ‘60s was considerably higher than it is today. What you had back then were very elevated levels of ozone, and of \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Particulate\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulate\">particulate matter\u003c/a> from heavy industry and automobiles,” said Jack Broadbent, CEO of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\">Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a>, in San Francisco. ”They used to contribute to levels on the order of three or four times what you see today.“\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s population has nearly doubled since then, to more than 7 million people. But the region’s air has become steadily cleaner. In 1969, there were 65 days when Bay Area air quality exceeded federal health standards. Under those same standards, last year, there wasn’t a single day over the limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason? \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/\">The Clean Air Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the nation’s cornerstone environmental laws, the Clean Air Act turns 40 this week. Sort of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Richard Nixon signed the law in December, 1970, the landmark legislation will be commemorated a bit early at an \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/\">EPA \u003c/a>conference Tuesday in Washington D.C. with a day of celebrations, speeches and public events around the country designed to highlight the public health and environmental benefits from the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been ahead of the rest of the country in reducing smog. Because of the state’s large population and hot weather, state lawmakers approved the first \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Air pollution\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution\">air pollution\u003c/a> regulations in 1946. Since then, California was first to require smog checks for cars, first to ban \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Gasoline\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasoline\">leaded gasoline\u003c/a>, first to require catalytic converters on cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Much of what we’ve done here in the Bay Area is duplicated elsewhere,” said Broadbent. “You can go back east and find our rules just with a different title and different number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clean Air Act tied all the state rules together. It required the federal government for the first time to set standards for six major types of air pollution: soot, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Tropospheric ozone\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropospheric_ozone\">ground level ozone\u003c/a>, a major source of smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/8.13.1962Stoehli._scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Bay Area factory, 1962\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law ushered in a wave of state and federal standards, from scrubbers on smokestacks to the phase-out of leaded gasoline. Some of the results are dramatic. New cars sold today, with computerized emission systems and other high-tech devices, emit 99 percent less tailpipe pollution than cars sold in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the job isn’t done, say health experts and air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal standards have become more stringent, resulting in 13 days last year when the Bay Area exceeded the new national standard for ground-level ozone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the pollution from trucks and other diesel-powered equipment, called particulate matter (PM), has until recently largely flown under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tiny diesel soot particles are inhaled deep into the lungs and have been shown to cause life-shortening health problems ranging from respiratory illness to heart problems, asthma, and cancer. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/homepage.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a> estimates that diesel soot from ships, trains and trucks causes as many as 2,400 premature deaths statewide each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/Divisions/Planning-and-Research/Plans/Clean-Air-Plans.aspx\">Air District study\u003c/a> concluded that exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 microns in width and smaller (PM 2.5) is by far the leading public health risk from air pollution in the Bay Area, accounting for more than 90 percent of premature mortality related to air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have done a great job of reducing smog levels here in the Bay Area. But there are these communities in and around the Bay Area that still of course, we believe, experience elevated levels of toxic air \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Pollution\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution\">contaminants\u003c/a>,” said Broadbent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air District has identified several “\u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/Divisions/Planning-and-Research/CARE-Program.aspx\">hot spots\u003c/a>” or communities at much higher risk of exposure to dangerous levels of diesel particulate and other types of air pollution including Richmond, the West Oakland/ Berkeley corridor and Bayview Hunter’s Point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/Port-of-Oakland_CAA_scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Port of Oakland, a major source of particulate matter pollution in West Oakland\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local, state and federal rules have begun to address particulate pollution. In 2006, the EPA mandated the use of \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Ultra-low sulfur diesel\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-low_sulfur_diesel\">ultra-low sulfur diesel\u003c/a> fuel. California has also required that all ships within 24 miles of California ports to burn low-sulfur fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasingly we recognize the health impacts of ozone and of particulate matter,” said Dr. Tom Dailey, chief of pulmonary medicine at Santa Clara Kaiser Permanente Medical Center. “That’s why the diesel engine regulations have been so important. None of us can escape the air that we breathe and the idea of getting these pollutants out of our air has been shown to decrease the incidence of heart attacks, stroke, and asthma exacerbations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Denny Larson of the environmental justice organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.gcmonitor.org/index.php\">Global Community Monitor\u003c/a>, says that while these regulations are a move in the right direction, thousands of toxic air contaminants remain unmonitored and under-regulated in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toxic, cancer-causing \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Volatile organic compound\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound\">volatile organic compounds\u003c/a> such as benzene and hydrogen sulfide are extremely dangerous to public health and quite present in the Bay Area particularly around oil refineries and other \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Fossil fuel\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel\">fossil fuel\u003c/a> industries,” Larson said. “Right now, we don’t have federal standards like we do for those smog-forming pollutants for those. And there aren’t a lot of requirements to monitor for them either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have made significant progress in the 40 years of the Clean Air Act,” he added. “But that’s been limited to a very narrow spectrum of air pollutants and has left out almost entirely the air quality concerns and health of millions of Americans who live near industrial facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest frontier in air regulation is in greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the state Air Resources Board and the Bay Area air district are in the process of writing new regulations to control and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a fairly aggressive program,” said Broadbent. “We’ve been looking at cities and counties putting grants out to inventory greenhouse gas emissions as well as to put in strategies that are energy conservation type measures. And we were one of the first in the state, possibly the nation, to put a greenhouse gas fee on businesses emitting greenhouse gases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because transportation is still California’s largest source of carbon dioxide, with passenger vehicles and light duty trucks creating more than 30 percent of total climate change emissions, state lawmakers in 2002 passed a new law requiring all new cars sold in California to reduce greenhouse emissions 30 percent by 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And nationally, the EPA plans to significantly expand the scope of the Clean Air Act to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from factories, power plants and other industrial source starting next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new approach is controversial. Some business groups have argued that clean air laws already are costly for industry, and that a new layer of climate change regulation, particularly in a bad economy, will cost jobs. Proposition 23, on California’s November ballot, would suspend AB 32, the state’s landmark greenhouse gas law, until unemployment falls to 5.5 percent for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad we’re celebrating this but in some ways, it’s bittersweet,” said Dailey. “We still have a long way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>MORE VIDEO & AUDIO\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/earth-day-tv-special-where-weve-been-where-were-headed\">Earth Day Special: Where We’ve Been, Where We’re Headed\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to QUEST Radio’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/242\">Earth Day Radio Special: The History of Environmental Justice\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s \u003ca href=\"http://\">Perilous Diesel\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to QUEST Radio’s \u003ca href=\"http://\">Truckers Clean Up Their Act\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s Asthma: \u003ca href=\"http://\">What Brought on the Epidemic?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LISTEN TO KQED NEWS INTERVIEW WITH REPORTER AMY MILLER\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marking a Milestone for Clean Air in the Bay Area and Beyond \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials today are marking a milestone in the fight to clean up the nation’s environment. Forty years ago, Congress passed the Clean Air Act. The law aimed to tackle the impact of air pollution from cars, industry, and other sources by setting the first nationwide limits on pollutants. Since then, levels of toxic pollutants like lead, ozone and carbon monoxide have dropped dramatically. But the victory hasn’t been complete. Particulate pollution from diesel fuel still represents a widespread health risk and battles are still ahead as regulators take on the task of cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Host Kelly Wilkinson talks about the impact of the Clean Air Act and the pollution challenges ahead with Amy Miller, reporter and producer for KQED’s Quest science and environment program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch6 class=\"zemanta-related-title\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">Related articles by Zemanta\u003c/h6>\n\u003cul class=\"zemanta-article-ul\">\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://climateofourfuture.org/epa-adopts-strong-protections-against-air-pollution-from-cement-kilns/\">“EPA Adopts Strong Protections Against Air Pollution from Cement Kilns” and related posts\u003c/a> (climateofourfuture.org)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/like-a-good-neighbor-the-clean-air-act-is-there.php?campaign=th_rss\">Like a Good Neighbor, the Clean Air Act is There\u003c/a> (treehugger.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/big-birthdays-for-clean-air-act-and-opec/\">Big Birthdays for Clean Air Act and OPEC\u003c/a> (dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/clean-air-act-turns-40/\">Clean Air Act Turns 40\u003c/a> (green.blogs.nytimes.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"zemanta-pixie\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;height: 15px\">\u003ca class=\"zemanta-pixie-a\" title=\"Enhanced by Zemanta\" href=\"http://www.zemanta.com/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"zemanta-pixie-img\" style=\"border: medium none;float: right\" src=\"http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=f0e94b7a-d72c-4d12-aae5-538f8aad33ac\" alt=\"Enhanced by Zemanta\">\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7667851 -122.4125425\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In 1969, there were 65 days when Bay Area air quality exceeded federal health standards. Under those same standards, last year, there wasn’t a single day over the limit. On the 40th anniversary of the Clean Air Act, we examine the impacts that the law has had on public health, business, and environmental justice in the Bay Area and what still needs to be done to improve the quality of our air.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1684975038,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":49,"wordCount":1574},"headData":{"title":"40 Years of the Clean Air Act | KQED","description":"In 1969, there were 65 days when Bay Area air quality exceeded federal health standards. Under those same standards, last year, there wasn’t a single day over the limit. On the 40th anniversary of the Clean Air Act, we examine the impacts that the law has had on public health, business, and environmental justice in the Bay Area and what still needs to be done to improve the quality of our air.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"40 Years of the Clean Air Act","datePublished":"2010-09-14T18:23:20.000Z","dateModified":"2023-05-25T00:37:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/quest/8249/40-years-of-the-clean-air-act","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/1268590-R01-032_scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Bay Area smog, 1968\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reported for \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/\">KQEDnews.org\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those too young to remember the Bay Area 40 years ago, it’s hard to imagine the mostly clear skies that Bay Area residents enjoy today filled with choking smog from factories, cars and garbage fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air pollution back in the ‘50s and ‘60s was considerably higher than it is today. What you had back then were very elevated levels of ozone, and of \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Particulate\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulate\">particulate matter\u003c/a> from heavy industry and automobiles,” said Jack Broadbent, CEO of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\">Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a>, in San Francisco. ”They used to contribute to levels on the order of three or four times what you see today.“\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s population has nearly doubled since then, to more than 7 million people. But the region’s air has become steadily cleaner. In 1969, there were 65 days when Bay Area air quality exceeded federal health standards. Under those same standards, last year, there wasn’t a single day over the limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason? \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/\">The Clean Air Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the nation’s cornerstone environmental laws, the Clean Air Act turns 40 this week. Sort of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Richard Nixon signed the law in December, 1970, the landmark legislation will be commemorated a bit early at an \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/\">EPA \u003c/a>conference Tuesday in Washington D.C. with a day of celebrations, speeches and public events around the country designed to highlight the public health and environmental benefits from the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been ahead of the rest of the country in reducing smog. Because of the state’s large population and hot weather, state lawmakers approved the first \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Air pollution\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution\">air pollution\u003c/a> regulations in 1946. Since then, California was first to require smog checks for cars, first to ban \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Gasoline\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasoline\">leaded gasoline\u003c/a>, first to require catalytic converters on cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Much of what we’ve done here in the Bay Area is duplicated elsewhere,” said Broadbent. “You can go back east and find our rules just with a different title and different number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clean Air Act tied all the state rules together. It required the federal government for the first time to set standards for six major types of air pollution: soot, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Tropospheric ozone\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropospheric_ozone\">ground level ozone\u003c/a>, a major source of smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/8.13.1962Stoehli._scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Bay Area factory, 1962\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law ushered in a wave of state and federal standards, from scrubbers on smokestacks to the phase-out of leaded gasoline. Some of the results are dramatic. New cars sold today, with computerized emission systems and other high-tech devices, emit 99 percent less tailpipe pollution than cars sold in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the job isn’t done, say health experts and air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal standards have become more stringent, resulting in 13 days last year when the Bay Area exceeded the new national standard for ground-level ozone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the pollution from trucks and other diesel-powered equipment, called particulate matter (PM), has until recently largely flown under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tiny diesel soot particles are inhaled deep into the lungs and have been shown to cause life-shortening health problems ranging from respiratory illness to heart problems, asthma, and cancer. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/homepage.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a> estimates that diesel soot from ships, trains and trucks causes as many as 2,400 premature deaths statewide each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/Divisions/Planning-and-Research/Plans/Clean-Air-Plans.aspx\">Air District study\u003c/a> concluded that exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 microns in width and smaller (PM 2.5) is by far the leading public health risk from air pollution in the Bay Area, accounting for more than 90 percent of premature mortality related to air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have done a great job of reducing smog levels here in the Bay Area. But there are these communities in and around the Bay Area that still of course, we believe, experience elevated levels of toxic air \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Pollution\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution\">contaminants\u003c/a>,” said Broadbent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air District has identified several “\u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/Divisions/Planning-and-Research/CARE-Program.aspx\">hot spots\u003c/a>” or communities at much higher risk of exposure to dangerous levels of diesel particulate and other types of air pollution including Richmond, the West Oakland/ Berkeley corridor and Bayview Hunter’s Point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/Port-of-Oakland_CAA_scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Port of Oakland, a major source of particulate matter pollution in West Oakland\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local, state and federal rules have begun to address particulate pollution. In 2006, the EPA mandated the use of \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Ultra-low sulfur diesel\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-low_sulfur_diesel\">ultra-low sulfur diesel\u003c/a> fuel. California has also required that all ships within 24 miles of California ports to burn low-sulfur fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasingly we recognize the health impacts of ozone and of particulate matter,” said Dr. Tom Dailey, chief of pulmonary medicine at Santa Clara Kaiser Permanente Medical Center. “That’s why the diesel engine regulations have been so important. None of us can escape the air that we breathe and the idea of getting these pollutants out of our air has been shown to decrease the incidence of heart attacks, stroke, and asthma exacerbations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Denny Larson of the environmental justice organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.gcmonitor.org/index.php\">Global Community Monitor\u003c/a>, says that while these regulations are a move in the right direction, thousands of toxic air contaminants remain unmonitored and under-regulated in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toxic, cancer-causing \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Volatile organic compound\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound\">volatile organic compounds\u003c/a> such as benzene and hydrogen sulfide are extremely dangerous to public health and quite present in the Bay Area particularly around oil refineries and other \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Fossil fuel\" rel=\"wikipedia\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel\">fossil fuel\u003c/a> industries,” Larson said. “Right now, we don’t have federal standards like we do for those smog-forming pollutants for those. And there aren’t a lot of requirements to monitor for them either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have made significant progress in the 40 years of the Clean Air Act,” he added. “But that’s been limited to a very narrow spectrum of air pollutants and has left out almost entirely the air quality concerns and health of millions of Americans who live near industrial facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest frontier in air regulation is in greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the state Air Resources Board and the Bay Area air district are in the process of writing new regulations to control and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a fairly aggressive program,” said Broadbent. “We’ve been looking at cities and counties putting grants out to inventory greenhouse gas emissions as well as to put in strategies that are energy conservation type measures. And we were one of the first in the state, possibly the nation, to put a greenhouse gas fee on businesses emitting greenhouse gases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because transportation is still California’s largest source of carbon dioxide, with passenger vehicles and light duty trucks creating more than 30 percent of total climate change emissions, state lawmakers in 2002 passed a new law requiring all new cars sold in California to reduce greenhouse emissions 30 percent by 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And nationally, the EPA plans to significantly expand the scope of the Clean Air Act to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from factories, power plants and other industrial source starting next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new approach is controversial. Some business groups have argued that clean air laws already are costly for industry, and that a new layer of climate change regulation, particularly in a bad economy, will cost jobs. Proposition 23, on California’s November ballot, would suspend AB 32, the state’s landmark greenhouse gas law, until unemployment falls to 5.5 percent for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad we’re celebrating this but in some ways, it’s bittersweet,” said Dailey. “We still have a long way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>MORE VIDEO & AUDIO\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/earth-day-tv-special-where-weve-been-where-were-headed\">Earth Day Special: Where We’ve Been, Where We’re Headed\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to QUEST Radio’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/242\">Earth Day Radio Special: The History of Environmental Justice\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s \u003ca href=\"http://\">Perilous Diesel\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to QUEST Radio’s \u003ca href=\"http://\">Truckers Clean Up Their Act\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch QUEST TV’s Asthma: \u003ca href=\"http://\">What Brought on the Epidemic?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LISTEN TO KQED NEWS INTERVIEW WITH REPORTER AMY MILLER\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marking a Milestone for Clean Air in the Bay Area and Beyond \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials today are marking a milestone in the fight to clean up the nation’s environment. Forty years ago, Congress passed the Clean Air Act. The law aimed to tackle the impact of air pollution from cars, industry, and other sources by setting the first nationwide limits on pollutants. Since then, levels of toxic pollutants like lead, ozone and carbon monoxide have dropped dramatically. But the victory hasn’t been complete. Particulate pollution from diesel fuel still represents a widespread health risk and battles are still ahead as regulators take on the task of cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Host Kelly Wilkinson talks about the impact of the Clean Air Act and the pollution challenges ahead with Amy Miller, reporter and producer for KQED’s Quest science and environment program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch6 class=\"zemanta-related-title\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">Related articles by Zemanta\u003c/h6>\n\u003cul class=\"zemanta-article-ul\">\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://climateofourfuture.org/epa-adopts-strong-protections-against-air-pollution-from-cement-kilns/\">“EPA Adopts Strong Protections Against Air Pollution from Cement Kilns” and related posts\u003c/a> (climateofourfuture.org)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/like-a-good-neighbor-the-clean-air-act-is-there.php?campaign=th_rss\">Like a Good Neighbor, the Clean Air Act is There\u003c/a> (treehugger.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/big-birthdays-for-clean-air-act-and-opec/\">Big Birthdays for Clean Air Act and OPEC\u003c/a> (dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"zemanta-article-ul-li\">\u003ca href=\"http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/clean-air-act-turns-40/\">Clean Air Act Turns 40\u003c/a> (green.blogs.nytimes.com)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"zemanta-pixie\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;height: 15px\">\u003ca class=\"zemanta-pixie-a\" title=\"Enhanced by Zemanta\" href=\"http://www.zemanta.com/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"zemanta-pixie-img\" style=\"border: medium none;float: right\" src=\"http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=f0e94b7a-d72c-4d12-aae5-538f8aad33ac\" alt=\"Enhanced by Zemanta\">\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7667851 -122.4125425\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/8249/40-years-of-the-clean-air-act","authors":["209"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_9","quest_16"],"tags":["quest_92","quest_93","quest_94","quest_252","quest_266","quest_286","quest_440","quest_481","quest_615","quest_971","quest_1009","quest_13199","quest_1058","quest_13203","quest_2257"],"featImg":"quest_8268","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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