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The program is part of an ongoing collaboration between the \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.stanford.edu/\">Stanford Department of Genetics\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/\">The Tech Museum of Innovation\u003c/a>. Together these two partners created the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/exhibits/permanent/index.php?sGalKey=gtwt&galKey=lt\">Genetics: Technology with a Twist\u003c/a> exhibition.\r\n\r\nYou can also see \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/author/dr-barry-starr/\">additional posts by Barry at KQED Science\u003c/a>, and read his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/dr-barry-starr/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"geneticsboy","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dr. Barry Starr | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dr-barry-starr"},"ben-burress":{"type":"authors","id":"6180","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6180","found":true},"name":"Ben Burress","firstName":"Ben","lastName":"Burress","slug":"ben-burress","email":"bburress@chabotspace.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"\u003cstrong>Benjamin Burress\u003c/strong> has been a staff astronomer at Chabot Space & Science Center since July 1999. He graduated from Sonoma State University in 1985 with a bachelor’s degree in physics (and minor in astronomy), after which he signed on for a two-year stint in the Peace Corps, where he taught physics and mathematics in the African nation of Cameroon. From 1989-96 he served on the crew of NASA’s Kuiper Airborne Observatory at Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA. From 1996-99, he was Head Observer at the Naval Prototype Optical Interferometer program at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, AZ.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/ben-burress/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ben Burress | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ben-burress"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_3225":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3225","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3225","score":null,"sort":[1249068884000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"jupiter-nuked-by-comet-again","title":"Jupiter "Nuked" By Comet? (again)","publishDate":1249068884,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/jupiter_boom.jpg\">\u003cem>Hot spot created by impact on Jupiter, taken by NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility in Hawaii. Picture credit, NASA. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cem>An Earth-sized hole on Jupiter!\u003c/em> the email alerts, websites, and finally news channels were saying on Monday, July 20th. At Chabot, we were polled by at least two local news channels asking what had happened. So, what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidently, the aftermath of some kind of collision on Jupiter was \u003ca href=\"http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/07/21/amateur-astronomer-finds-new-earth-size-impact-mark-on-jupiter/?hp\">spotted by an amateur astronomer\u003c/a> in Australia that Monday morning. He spotted a dark marking near the planet's South Pole, and alerted NASA. NASA in turn turned its large infrared telescope in Hawaii onto the scene of the crash. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There glowed the thermal footprint of the likely impact, the affected area \u003ca href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/interactive/2009/jul/21/jupiter-asteroid-comet-hole\">roughly the size of the Earth\u003c/a>. Had this impact taken place on Earth instead, the results would have been catastrophic. Fortunately this was Jupiter, half a billion miles away and large enough to absorb the impact without lasting effects. (And, owing to the fact that Jupiter is a gaseous planet with no solid surface, it would quickly heal from the trauma, not unlike that liquid-metal Terminator from the second movie of the same name.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A significant event? Yes, in fact. But that's not all... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rewind 15 years to July 20th, 1994, the middle of the week during which twenty-something fragments of the broken \u003ca href=\"http://seds.org/archive/sl9/sl9.html\">comet Shoemaker-Levy 9\u003c/a> were in fact colliding with Jupiter... An amazing coincidence? Yes; the two events likely have nothing to do with each other. So, then, a common event, if we're seeing two of them in the span of only 15 years? Well... not really.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the string of fragments of Shoemaker-Levy 9 hailed down on Jupiter, it was the first time in history that humans had observed actual impacts on a Solar System body (other than perhaps the Sun--but as it turns out comets hitting that huge target are not uncommon). The Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts, and the one on July 20th this year, left highly visible marks that lasted for days. The amateur astronomer who discovered the recent scar did so with a relatively small 14.5\" backyard telescope! So, if this sort of impact were a common event, even if the impacting comets or asteroids were never seen, the gashes they leave in Jupiter's atmosphere ought to be spotted from time to time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impacts—on Jupiter, Earth, and all the bodies of the Solar System—do occur, and the smaller the impacting object, the more frequently they happen. For a \u003ca href=\"http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/neo/target.html\">planet like Earth\u003c/a>, on average a chunk of rock a few meters across \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/03/25/asteroid-apophis-hit-or-miss/\">enters our atmosphere \u003c/a>about once a year, and often burns up completely or explodes before hitting the ground. A 50 meter object, again on average, is likely to \u003ca href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2008/30jun_tunguska.htm\">strike Earth once in a century\u003c/a>. A one-kilometer object impact averages every few hundred thousand years, and a multi-kilometer sized asteroid or comet similar to the one that wiped out the dinosaurs and which would cause global catastrophe—well, the last one of that size struck ground 65 million years ago. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Jupiter, being a larger target than Earth, having a much stronger gravitational pull, and being close to the asteroid belt—well, Jupiter's impact statistics should probably involve higher frequencies than Earth.\u003cbr>\nIn fact, impacts like the one on July 20th are happy events for us; every time Jupiter is hit by a large object, that's one less object in the Solar System that could potentially hit the Earth in the future. So, on July 20th, Jupiter took another bullet for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"An Earth-sized hole on Jupiter! What happened?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1371078711,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":614},"headData":{"title":"Jupiter "Nuked" By Comet? (again) | KQED","description":"An Earth-sized hole on Jupiter! What happened?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Jupiter "Nuked" By Comet? (again)","datePublished":"2009-07-31T19:34:44.000Z","dateModified":"2013-06-12T23:11:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3225 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3225","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/07/31/jupiter-nuked-by-comet-again/","disqusTitle":"Jupiter "Nuked" By Comet? (again)","path":"/quest/3225/jupiter-nuked-by-comet-again","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/jupiter_boom.jpg\">\u003cem>Hot spot created by impact on Jupiter, taken by NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility in Hawaii. Picture credit, NASA. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cem>An Earth-sized hole on Jupiter!\u003c/em> the email alerts, websites, and finally news channels were saying on Monday, July 20th. At Chabot, we were polled by at least two local news channels asking what had happened. So, what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidently, the aftermath of some kind of collision on Jupiter was \u003ca href=\"http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/07/21/amateur-astronomer-finds-new-earth-size-impact-mark-on-jupiter/?hp\">spotted by an amateur astronomer\u003c/a> in Australia that Monday morning. He spotted a dark marking near the planet's South Pole, and alerted NASA. NASA in turn turned its large infrared telescope in Hawaii onto the scene of the crash. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There glowed the thermal footprint of the likely impact, the affected area \u003ca href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/interactive/2009/jul/21/jupiter-asteroid-comet-hole\">roughly the size of the Earth\u003c/a>. Had this impact taken place on Earth instead, the results would have been catastrophic. Fortunately this was Jupiter, half a billion miles away and large enough to absorb the impact without lasting effects. (And, owing to the fact that Jupiter is a gaseous planet with no solid surface, it would quickly heal from the trauma, not unlike that liquid-metal Terminator from the second movie of the same name.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A significant event? Yes, in fact. But that's not all... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rewind 15 years to July 20th, 1994, the middle of the week during which twenty-something fragments of the broken \u003ca href=\"http://seds.org/archive/sl9/sl9.html\">comet Shoemaker-Levy 9\u003c/a> were in fact colliding with Jupiter... An amazing coincidence? Yes; the two events likely have nothing to do with each other. So, then, a common event, if we're seeing two of them in the span of only 15 years? Well... not really.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the string of fragments of Shoemaker-Levy 9 hailed down on Jupiter, it was the first time in history that humans had observed actual impacts on a Solar System body (other than perhaps the Sun--but as it turns out comets hitting that huge target are not uncommon). The Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts, and the one on July 20th this year, left highly visible marks that lasted for days. The amateur astronomer who discovered the recent scar did so with a relatively small 14.5\" backyard telescope! So, if this sort of impact were a common event, even if the impacting comets or asteroids were never seen, the gashes they leave in Jupiter's atmosphere ought to be spotted from time to time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impacts—on Jupiter, Earth, and all the bodies of the Solar System—do occur, and the smaller the impacting object, the more frequently they happen. For a \u003ca href=\"http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/neo/target.html\">planet like Earth\u003c/a>, on average a chunk of rock a few meters across \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/03/25/asteroid-apophis-hit-or-miss/\">enters our atmosphere \u003c/a>about once a year, and often burns up completely or explodes before hitting the ground. A 50 meter object, again on average, is likely to \u003ca href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2008/30jun_tunguska.htm\">strike Earth once in a century\u003c/a>. A one-kilometer object impact averages every few hundred thousand years, and a multi-kilometer sized asteroid or comet similar to the one that wiped out the dinosaurs and which would cause global catastrophe—well, the last one of that size struck ground 65 million years ago. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Jupiter, being a larger target than Earth, having a much stronger gravitational pull, and being close to the asteroid belt—well, Jupiter's impact statistics should probably involve higher frequencies than Earth.\u003cbr>\nIn fact, impacts like the one on July 20th are happy events for us; every time Jupiter is hit by a large object, that's one less object in the Solar System that could potentially hit the Earth in the future. So, on July 20th, Jupiter took another bullet for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3225/jupiter-nuked-by-comet-again","authors":["6180"],"categories":["quest_3"],"tags":["quest_136","quest_242","quest_658","quest_1453","quest_1551","quest_2622"],"label":"quest"},"quest_1141":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_1141","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"1141","score":null,"sort":[1232569359000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"amateur-molecular-biologists","title":"Amateur Molecular Biologists","publishDate":1232569359,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/01/amateurintraining.jpg\">\u003c/span>When I think of an amateur biologist, I imagine a bird watcher. Or perhaps someone investigating a stream or counting fish. What I don't think of is people tinkering with life in their garages. And yet some folks are doing just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP ran a story the other day about \u003ca href=\"http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20081225/ap_on_sc/do_it_yourself_dna\">people working with DNA in their garages\u003c/a> (or apartments). For example, a woman in San Francisco is trying to engineer yogurt bacteria that will glow green in the presence of melamine. This is the chemical that was found in baby formula and pet food from China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea would be that you (or some governmental agency) could check your yogurt with a UV light before you ate it. If it glowed green, then the yogurt was contaminated with melamine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These glowing bacteria could help a lot of people avoid melamine poisoning (as long as people could get past the fact that they'd be eating a GMO!). But do we really want people doing this kind of biology at home?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course this sort of thing would be very difficult to stop. People can go to science fair project sites and get all the information they need to jury rig a lot of the equipment to do these kinds of experiments. They can also search the web or take a class at their local community college and learn most everything they need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the technology to do this kind of stuff is so straightforward that we do something similar here at The Tech. We let visitors put a gene in bacteria that causes the bacteria to glow green only in the presence of a special sugar called arabinose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So unless we put up massive resources to shut down these labs (a \"War on Amateur Labs\"), people are going to be able to do this stuff if they want to. To me, the two big questions are:\u003c/p>\n\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli>\u003cem>Will anything useful come out of these labs?\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>Will something dangerous be released onto an unsuspecting public?\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Odds are that nothing too useful will come out of these labs. Sure the melamine bacterium could be useful (it is actually very similar to the outlawed glowing goldfish designed to detect pollutants in the water). But it would be very hard to bring to market. Two potential problems are getting people to eat a GMO and proving to the FDA that it is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One good thing that might come out of this sort of thing is to make biology more accessible and maybe more exciting too. People might think of and do projects for fun that, as a necessary part of accomplishing their goal, will increase their understanding of molecular biology. In other words, they might be more willing to learn this stuff for something fun they thought of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can imagine some dangers too. What if someone decides to come up with an anthrax vaccine and makes a dangerous bug that gets loose? Or who knows what else?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There probably isn't a big risk in something like this happening but biology is different than coming up with a new computer program or light bulb in your garage. Biology uses live things that can make copies of themselves and spread pretty far pretty quickly. Traditional labs have controls in place to keep these sorts of things from happening. These unregulated labs may or may not be that careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group in Boston that promotes do-it-yourself biology:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://diybio.org/\">http://diybio.org/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How to make some molecular biology lab equipment at home \u003ca href=\"http://www.scq.ubc.ca/the-macgyver-project-genomic-dna-extraction-and-gel-electrophoresis-experiments-using-everyday-materials/\">http://www.scq.ubc.ca/the-macgyver-project-genomic-dna-extraction-and-gel-electrophoresis-experiments-using-everyday-materials/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.332 -121.903\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When I think of an amateur biologist, I imagine a bird watcher. Or perhaps someone investigating a stream or counting fish. What I don't think of is people tinkering with life in their garages. And yet some folks are doing just that.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1232569359,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":616},"headData":{"title":"Amateur Molecular Biologists | KQED","description":"When I think of an amateur biologist, I imagine a bird watcher. Or perhaps someone investigating a stream or counting fish. What I don't think of is people tinkering with life in their garages. And yet some folks are doing just that.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Amateur Molecular Biologists","datePublished":"2009-01-21T20:22:39.000Z","dateModified":"2009-01-21T20:22:39.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"1141 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=1141","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/01/21/amateur-molecular-biologists/","disqusTitle":"Amateur Molecular Biologists","path":"/quest/1141/amateur-molecular-biologists","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/01/amateurintraining.jpg\">\u003c/span>When I think of an amateur biologist, I imagine a bird watcher. Or perhaps someone investigating a stream or counting fish. What I don't think of is people tinkering with life in their garages. And yet some folks are doing just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP ran a story the other day about \u003ca href=\"http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20081225/ap_on_sc/do_it_yourself_dna\">people working with DNA in their garages\u003c/a> (or apartments). For example, a woman in San Francisco is trying to engineer yogurt bacteria that will glow green in the presence of melamine. This is the chemical that was found in baby formula and pet food from China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea would be that you (or some governmental agency) could check your yogurt with a UV light before you ate it. If it glowed green, then the yogurt was contaminated with melamine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These glowing bacteria could help a lot of people avoid melamine poisoning (as long as people could get past the fact that they'd be eating a GMO!). But do we really want people doing this kind of biology at home?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course this sort of thing would be very difficult to stop. People can go to science fair project sites and get all the information they need to jury rig a lot of the equipment to do these kinds of experiments. They can also search the web or take a class at their local community college and learn most everything they need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the technology to do this kind of stuff is so straightforward that we do something similar here at The Tech. We let visitors put a gene in bacteria that causes the bacteria to glow green only in the presence of a special sugar called arabinose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So unless we put up massive resources to shut down these labs (a \"War on Amateur Labs\"), people are going to be able to do this stuff if they want to. To me, the two big questions are:\u003c/p>\n\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli>\u003cem>Will anything useful come out of these labs?\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>Will something dangerous be released onto an unsuspecting public?\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Odds are that nothing too useful will come out of these labs. Sure the melamine bacterium could be useful (it is actually very similar to the outlawed glowing goldfish designed to detect pollutants in the water). But it would be very hard to bring to market. Two potential problems are getting people to eat a GMO and proving to the FDA that it is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One good thing that might come out of this sort of thing is to make biology more accessible and maybe more exciting too. People might think of and do projects for fun that, as a necessary part of accomplishing their goal, will increase their understanding of molecular biology. In other words, they might be more willing to learn this stuff for something fun they thought of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can imagine some dangers too. What if someone decides to come up with an anthrax vaccine and makes a dangerous bug that gets loose? Or who knows what else?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There probably isn't a big risk in something like this happening but biology is different than coming up with a new computer program or light bulb in your garage. Biology uses live things that can make copies of themselves and spread pretty far pretty quickly. Traditional labs have controls in place to keep these sorts of things from happening. These unregulated labs may or may not be that careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group in Boston that promotes do-it-yourself biology:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://diybio.org/\">http://diybio.org/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How to make some molecular biology lab equipment at home \u003ca href=\"http://www.scq.ubc.ca/the-macgyver-project-genomic-dna-extraction-and-gel-electrophoresis-experiments-using-everyday-materials/\">http://www.scq.ubc.ca/the-macgyver-project-genomic-dna-extraction-and-gel-electrophoresis-experiments-using-everyday-materials/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.332 -121.903\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/1141/amateur-molecular-biologists","authors":["6177"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_136","quest_199","quest_582","quest_847","quest_1228","quest_1596","quest_1787"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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