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Knowledge is ephemeral

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On Labor Day at the Exploratorium, visiting artist Aeneas Wilder witnessed museum visitors toppling a sculpture he'd spent many painstaking days to create in our Seeing gallery. Earlier this summer, Aeneas carefully stacked pieces of specially measured wood, one at a time, until he'd constructed an enormous cage-like sphere. (To get a sense of its size, compare the sphere you see in the photo to the door just to its left.) For weeks, it stood steadily without the help of glue, nails, or anything else holding the pieces together.

Then, at 4 pm on September 3, as Aeneas watched, two visitors were invited to whack at the sphere. It collapsed in seconds like a pile of toothpicks.

Exhilarating. Who doesn't love to behold order collapsing into chaos?

YouTube video of sphere destruction

I watched our You Tube video of the event three times. Four times. Five times. And as I watched, it dawned on me that Aeneas' sculpture--and its destruction--is actually a great metaphor for science.Our understanding of the world and nature is, on one level, a carefully constructed sculpture of observations, experiments, and calculations that build on each other. Their collective result takes shape as knowledge.But knowledge is an evolving entity. New discoveries or experiments often force old--sometimes dearly held--ideas to give way, making space for new insights about the natural world. No matter how beautiful a theory or idea is, if we learn something new that negates it, we must be ready to let the old idea go. Our ability to remain unattached to ideas in the search for truth is what creates space for growth in our knowledge of the natural world.Though many people think of "art" and "science" as opposite ends of a spectrum, there's a surprising number of parallels between them. For example, it's no coincidence that, before constructing his sphere, Aeneas built two sculptures in our exhibition space, only to kick them both down. As the artistic process demands, he reworked and refined his approach, taking the building blocks (both literal and figurative) and the lessons learned from his first attempts, and stepping back enough to let go of certain aspects of his earlier approach.

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To me, this looks a lot like the process of science: a search for the "right" understanding, tests and trials, a necessary willingness to readjust or rethink an idea, even if it's elegant, when new information shows that it's flawed. In comparison to the efforts of one artist testing and refine his ideas, though, science relies on the efforts of a whole intellectual community testing and refining each other's ideas. Science is rooted in the notion that knowledge shifts and changes, and that our understanding of the world tomorrow will--and in fact, has to--look a little bit different than our understanding of it today.

In this light, thinking about temporariness is an important practice in science. Ryan Jenkins, one of the Exploratorium's Explainers, recalled how reluctant he'd felt to take apart a pegboard he'd thoughtfully constructed. "I can only imagine what it would be like to destroy something that you spent so much time, planning, and precise placing of wooden boards," he wrote. "Although the spectacle of the crash might be pretty damn satisfying."

Robin Marks is a journalist and science writer who current serves as a Multimedia Projects Developer for the Exploratorium in San Francisco, CA.

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