It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse
Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation
Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs
The Birth of 'Wine Country' Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War
Meet a Californian Immigrant Bringing Indigenous Culture From Guatemala
California's Largest Legal Weed Farms Face Conflict From Winemakers
California Winemakers Nervous About U.S.-China Trade Talks
Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires
Share Your California Wildfire Story
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He grew up in San Francisco's Mission District and has previously worked with Univision, 48 Hills and REFORMA in Mexico City.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e95ff80bb2eaf18a8f2af4dcf7ffb54b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@LomeliCabrera","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"about","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"elections","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí | KQED","description":"Community Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e95ff80bb2eaf18a8f2af4dcf7ffb54b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e95ff80bb2eaf18a8f2af4dcf7ffb54b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ccabreralomeli"},"cbeale":{"type":"authors","id":"11749","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11749","found":true},"name":"Christopher Beale","firstName":"Christopher","lastName":"Beale","slug":"cbeale","email":"cbeale@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Engineer/Producer/Reporter","bio":"\u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/realchrisjbeale\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Christopher J. 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He is the host and producer of the LGBTQIA podcast and radio segment \u003ca href=\"https://stereotypespodcast.org\">Stereotypes\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"realchrisjbeale","facebook":null,"instagram":"http://instagram.com/realchrisjbeale","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Christopher Beale | KQED","description":"Engineer/Producer/Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cbeale"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11943742":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11943742","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11943742","score":null,"sort":[1679058001000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"its-not-just-tech-californias-wine-industry-is-frazzled-after-silicon-valley-bank-collapse","title":"It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse","publishDate":1679058001,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>In the aftermath of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11943215/us-seizes-silicon-valley-bank-as-stocks-tumble-depositors-scramble-to-withdraw-funds\">Silicon Valley Bank’s abrupt collapse\u003c/a> last week, California’s wine industry is in a state of uncertainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SVB was one of the primary banks for the industry and, since 1994, has loaned more than $4 billion for things like vineyard acquisitions and wine-making equipment. According to its most recent earnings report, \u003ca href=\"https://s201.q4cdn.com/589201576/files/doc_financials/2022/q4/4Q22-SIVB-Earnings-Release-Final.pdf\">SVB has approximately $1.2 billion in outstanding loans (PDF)\u003c/a> to the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Adam Lee, founder and winemaker, Clarice Wine Company\"]'To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about. Perhaps I was naive.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its collapse came as a shock to Bay Area vintners like Adam Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about,” he said. “Perhaps I was naive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee is the founder and winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://claricewinecompany.com/\">Clarice Wine Company\u003c/a>, based in Santa Rosa. He’s been a customer with SVB since 1997, and in addition to his account, he has a line of credit open at the bank, on which he owes tens of thousands of dollars. Immediately after the bank’s closure last week, Lee was locked out of those accounts for nearly three days. His sole employee happened to receive her paycheck Friday morning — just a few hours before the bank’s collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The exterior signage of Silicon Valley Bank with white letters on a gray building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Silicon Valley Bank headquarters is seen in Santa Clara on March 10, 2023. US regulators have shut down SVB amid its sudden collapse, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation announced in a statement on Friday. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With less than $250,000 in his account, Lee was never concerned about financial loss, since the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) immediately announced it would cover up to that amount (and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdic.gov/news/press-releases/2023/pr23019.html\">agreed to cover all deposits\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others weren’t so calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some couldn't make payroll, the apps didn't work, loans couldn't be made, some couldn't get advances. It's clearly frustrating, and I don't blame them for being angry,” said Rob McMillan, founder and former executive vice president of SVB’s wine division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillan added that he was also shocked at the sudden downfall of the bank, where he has worked for more than 30 years.[aside label=\"More California Coverage\" tag=\"silicon-valley\"]“The wine industry is not part of this. We had nothing to do with it. Our clients are in fine shape. The portfolios are in fine shape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, his clients are in a state of uncertainty. “It's fear of the unknown,” he said. The bank is currently operating under the auspices of the federal government, and McMillan said there are several buyers potentially interested in acquiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/industry-solutions/premium-wine-banking\">SVB’s wine division\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, though, wineries are dealing with a financial disruption that likely rippled out to their most vulnerable workforce: farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If payday was during that period of time and they didn’t get their paycheck, they're going to be hurting,” said Rosaura Segura, an immigration services provider and farmworker advocate in St. Helena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried about the long-term impacts of the bank’s collapse, considering its financial support of the vineyard workforce. SVB was a major sponsor of an \u003ca href=\"https://cincogolf.com/\">annual golf tournament\u003c/a> in Napa Valley that raises money for migrant farmworker housing and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Dark purple grapes hang from a grapevine with sun-kissed leaves.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pinot noir grapes just before harvest at the Byron Vineyard and Winery in Santa Maria. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those funds are for bedding, for kitchen supplies, for food. So, yeah, we're going to feel their absence,” Segura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As will the wine industry as a whole. In addition to lending money, SVB’s McMillan compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/trends-insights/reports/wine-report\">yearly benchmark report\u003c/a> for the wine industry, which provided a data-driven economic review and forecast for wineries and garnered worldwide readership. McMillan said he’s unsure he’ll be able to continue producing the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Silicon Valley Bank has a truly unique understanding of the wine business,” said Clarice Wine Company’s Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Lee said, he’s sticking with SVB — or whatever becomes of it — especially now that he has the backing of the FDIC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an ironic way, Silicon Valley Bank is the safest place right now to put your money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Silicon Valley Bank’s (SVB) abrupt collapse last week impacts more than just big tech companies. California’s wine industry is also in a state of uncertainty.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1679089648,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":765},"headData":{"title":"It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse | KQED","description":"Silicon Valley Bank’s (SVB) abrupt collapse last week impacts more than just big tech companies. California’s wine industry is also in a state of uncertainty.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse","datePublished":"2023-03-17T13:00:01.000Z","dateModified":"2023-03-17T21:47:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"/food/","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/44671585-3e14-4167-bd23-afc8011e388e/audio.mp3","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dcronin\">Dana Cronin\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943742/its-not-just-tech-californias-wine-industry-is-frazzled-after-silicon-valley-bank-collapse","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the aftermath of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11943215/us-seizes-silicon-valley-bank-as-stocks-tumble-depositors-scramble-to-withdraw-funds\">Silicon Valley Bank’s abrupt collapse\u003c/a> last week, California’s wine industry is in a state of uncertainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SVB was one of the primary banks for the industry and, since 1994, has loaned more than $4 billion for things like vineyard acquisitions and wine-making equipment. According to its most recent earnings report, \u003ca href=\"https://s201.q4cdn.com/589201576/files/doc_financials/2022/q4/4Q22-SIVB-Earnings-Release-Final.pdf\">SVB has approximately $1.2 billion in outstanding loans (PDF)\u003c/a> to the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about. Perhaps I was naive.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Adam Lee, founder and winemaker, Clarice Wine Company","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its collapse came as a shock to Bay Area vintners like Adam Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about,” he said. “Perhaps I was naive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee is the founder and winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://claricewinecompany.com/\">Clarice Wine Company\u003c/a>, based in Santa Rosa. He’s been a customer with SVB since 1997, and in addition to his account, he has a line of credit open at the bank, on which he owes tens of thousands of dollars. Immediately after the bank’s closure last week, Lee was locked out of those accounts for nearly three days. His sole employee happened to receive her paycheck Friday morning — just a few hours before the bank’s collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The exterior signage of Silicon Valley Bank with white letters on a gray building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Silicon Valley Bank headquarters is seen in Santa Clara on March 10, 2023. US regulators have shut down SVB amid its sudden collapse, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation announced in a statement on Friday. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With less than $250,000 in his account, Lee was never concerned about financial loss, since the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) immediately announced it would cover up to that amount (and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdic.gov/news/press-releases/2023/pr23019.html\">agreed to cover all deposits\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others weren’t so calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some couldn't make payroll, the apps didn't work, loans couldn't be made, some couldn't get advances. It's clearly frustrating, and I don't blame them for being angry,” said Rob McMillan, founder and former executive vice president of SVB’s wine division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillan added that he was also shocked at the sudden downfall of the bank, where he has worked for more than 30 years.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More California Coverage ","tag":"silicon-valley"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The wine industry is not part of this. We had nothing to do with it. Our clients are in fine shape. The portfolios are in fine shape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, his clients are in a state of uncertainty. “It's fear of the unknown,” he said. The bank is currently operating under the auspices of the federal government, and McMillan said there are several buyers potentially interested in acquiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/industry-solutions/premium-wine-banking\">SVB’s wine division\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, though, wineries are dealing with a financial disruption that likely rippled out to their most vulnerable workforce: farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If payday was during that period of time and they didn’t get their paycheck, they're going to be hurting,” said Rosaura Segura, an immigration services provider and farmworker advocate in St. Helena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried about the long-term impacts of the bank’s collapse, considering its financial support of the vineyard workforce. SVB was a major sponsor of an \u003ca href=\"https://cincogolf.com/\">annual golf tournament\u003c/a> in Napa Valley that raises money for migrant farmworker housing and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Dark purple grapes hang from a grapevine with sun-kissed leaves.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pinot noir grapes just before harvest at the Byron Vineyard and Winery in Santa Maria. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those funds are for bedding, for kitchen supplies, for food. So, yeah, we're going to feel their absence,” Segura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As will the wine industry as a whole. In addition to lending money, SVB’s McMillan compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/trends-insights/reports/wine-report\">yearly benchmark report\u003c/a> for the wine industry, which provided a data-driven economic review and forecast for wineries and garnered worldwide readership. McMillan said he’s unsure he’ll be able to continue producing the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Silicon Valley Bank has a truly unique understanding of the wine business,” said Clarice Wine Company’s Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Lee said, he’s sticking with SVB — or whatever becomes of it — especially now that he has the backing of the FDIC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an ironic way, Silicon Valley Bank is the safest place right now to put your money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943742/its-not-just-tech-californias-wine-industry-is-frazzled-after-silicon-valley-bank-collapse","authors":["byline_news_11943742"],"categories":["news_31795","news_1758","news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_32526","news_32527","news_28321","news_18538","news_32371","news_32372","news_6927","news_17623","news_3799","news_3800","news_1275","news_21765","news_6926","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11943763","label":"source_news_11943742"},"news_11918317":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11918317","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11918317","score":null,"sort":[1656617513000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","title":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","publishDate":1656617513,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919450/trabajar-con-una-visa-h-2a-en-estados-unidos-represalias-derechos\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap] pair of boots, shirts and pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Samuel left in the room he shared with other field workers at Mauritson Farms in Healdsburg, in the heart of Sonoma County’s wine country, last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was heading back to his family in his hometown in Oaxaca, Mexico. The harvest had ended and his H-2A visa would soon expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started working at Mauritson Farms in 2019 with an H-2A visa, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\">which lets agricultural workers stay in the U.S. for limited periods of time\u003c/a>. The program was modeled off the Bracero Program, which was created in 1942, thanks to an agreement between the U.S. and Mexican governments that brought Mexican workers to American farms. Labor rights groups point out that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/07/31/634442195/when-the-u-s-government-tried-to-replace-migrant-farmworkers-with-high-schoolers\">many of those braceros experienced wage theft, physical abuse and terrible working and living conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the H-2A program, Samuel and a group of other young men from towns and rural communities in and around the Sola de Vega district in Oaxaca have come to California for years — from February through October — to work at Mauritson Farms, which owns and controls the vineyards that produce Mauritson Wines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He left his belongings in Healdsburg with plans to come back in 2022. But he was never rehired by Mauritson Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 2021 growing season, Samuel and five other workers from Oaxaca spoke up against what \u003ca href=\"#workplace\">they believed to be unfair and unsafe working conditions they had experienced for the past three years\u003c/a>. They said they were asked to work on extremely hot days without adequate protections against the heat, that hours of their pay were docked for unjustified reasons and that they suffered verbal abuse from the foreman who supervised them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the support of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the group of six workers met with Cameron Mauritson, manager of the vineyard, in October to explain what they were experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apologized to us and said he was really sorry that this had happened at his company,” said Kevin, who also was at the meeting and worked alongside Samuel for the same period of time. “He promised that he would hire us again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Samuel and Kevin — whose real names KQED is not using due to their fears of employment loss — this promise represented a lot more than a job offer for the next year. It signaled that the group could feel comfortable speaking out against unsafe working conditions and that Mauritson wouldn’t do what they feared the most: retaliate against them by not hiring them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We left our things [at Mauritson Farms] believing we would come back,” Samuel said. “But none of it was true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918388 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A grapevine in a field. The grapes are ripe and ready to pick.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samuel and Kevin started coming to California in 2019 with H-2A visas. They would come in February and leave at the end of the grape harvest season in October. They now wait in their hometowns in Oaxaca to hear what an ALRB investigation finds. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Out of the six workers who met with Mauritson in October, none was called back to work in 2022, despite their completion of an application with Cierto Global, the company’s third-party recruiter service. Both Samuel and Kevin believe they were not rehired because they told management about unsafe working conditions they were experiencing in Mauritson's vineyards, a right protected by California labor standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Jobs With Justice representatives said they have reached out to Mauritson several times since February without receiving a response. Mauritson also declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 7, North Bay Jobs With Justice filed an unfair labor practice charge on behalf of the six workers with the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), the state agency that investigates possible workplace abuses in the agricultural industry. The charge \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/3.3.22-ULP-Against-Employer-Mauritson-Farms-Inc..pdf\">states that Mauritson Farms discriminated against the workers\u003c/a> by “refusing to rehire them because they engaged in protected concerted activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the ALRB investigation moves forward, Samuel and Kevin spend their days taking on whatever work they can get in Oaxaca and looking for different farming jobs in the U.S., but with little luck. The window to receive an H-2A visa this year has closed, so they must look for jobs that don’t offer visas. With their remaining savings depleted and families to feed, time is running out to make enough money to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, home to the country’s largest agriculture sector, also has the nation’s third-most H-2A workers. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22082364/h2a-statistics.pdf\">more than 32,000 H-2A laborers from around the world worked in the state supporting the agriculture industry\u003c/a>. And even though California has an extensive system of agencies and regulations meant to protect these workers, H-2A immigrants are still extremely vulnerable to illegal retaliation by their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bring foreign workers to the U.S., many H-2A employers use a network of both formal and informal recruiters that operate both inside and outside the country. Workers like Samuel and Kevin depend on these recruiters to find jobs in the U.S. and navigate the visa application process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a worker speaks up about illegal labor practices, advocates say these recruiters often make sure the worker is blacklisted across the industry — making it harder for these laborers to find another job in the U.S. and for agricultural industry and labor agencies, who only have jurisdiction in the U.S., to enforce anti-retaliation rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11918390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of grapevines in a field. In the background, a worker can be seen picking grapes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 4,200 laborers from around the world come to work in California with an H-2A visa. Most of them are employed in the agricultural industry. While these workers are protected by the same labor laws as anybody else, labor advocates say they are especially vulnerable to retaliation if they speak up against what they consider to be unfair or unsafe labor practices. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'Employers do retaliate' even though it's illegal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cynthia Rice has worked as a labor rights attorney for over 20 years. She’s now the director of litigation, advocacy and training at California Rural Legal Assistance, a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal aid across the state. She’s represented dozens of agricultural workers in cases involving dangerous working conditions, wage theft and retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of each conversation with a new client, she makes one point clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retaliation is illegal,” she said, while adding that, “we never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you. It’s just illegal and employers do retaliate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to decades of farmworker- and immigrant-led organizing, California has several agencies that enforce labor laws, including anti-retaliation rules. The ALRB was created after then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/forms-publications/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-english/\">California Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> in 1975, which guaranteed collective bargaining rights for farmworkers. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/\">California Labor Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> investigates underpaid or missing wages, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/\">California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board\u003c/a> (Cal/OSHA) enforces workplace safety rules like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">heat protections for outdoor workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cynthia Rice, director of litigation, advocacy and training, California Rural Legal Assistance\"]'We never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you.'[/pullquote]At the federal level, the Department of Labor processes job orders for the H-2A program and enforces employment contracts and the federal laws meant to protect guest workers. The department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd\">Wage and Hour Division\u003c/a> investigates cases where employers may not be paying their workers properly or failing to provide housing, transportation or meals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">which is required by the federal government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigrant farmworkers Rice has worked with come to her after they’ve been terminated or when they’re about to go back to their home countries after the harvest season. “Then they talk about the hours that were shaved or the meals and restrooms that they didn't get,” she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But waiting until the end of harvest season to file a claim with the ALRB or other labor agencies is usually too late, she said, particularly for H-2A workers who typically have to leave the U.S. soon after. It gives attorneys like Rice very limited time to collect evidence and testimony before the worker heads back to their home country, which usually complicates communication as many H-2A holders come from rural communities in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, with limited access to the internet and telephone reception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why wait until the very last moment to speak up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retaliation can mean losing your job (and with that, your H-2A visa) after speaking up, but it can also include intimidation or punishment. Samuel remembers when his crew was working the fields in temperatures exceeding 95 degrees. “There were times where we felt so dehydrated that we were going to pass out,” he said. “We felt we wanted to vomit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11886628\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]\u003ca id=\"workplace\">\u003c/a>When he’d tell the foreman how he and others were feeling, Samuel said the foreman would laugh at them and tell them to keep working. Kevin said that there were many hot days where the workers didn’t have any of the heat protections required by California law. “When it was 90, 95 degrees, we didn’t have any shady spots to have a glass of water or rest for a bit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When outside temperatures exceed 80 degrees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">Cal/OSHA requires employers to provide their workers with sufficient water, shade and rest\u003c/a>. That means each employee should be able to drink at least one quart of water per hour and request breaks in the shade whenever they feel the need to. But a 2021 NPR investigation found that even with these protections in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">nearly four dozen California workers died from heatstroke\u003c/a> and other heat-related illnesses within a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has stated that heat-related deaths can be prevented, but the agency has struggled with understaffing for years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">making it harder for it to enforce its rules across California’s thousands of farms\u003c/a>. So in many cases, the responsibility of protecting workers from heat falls solely on the employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A network of retaliation in the US — and abroad\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2020 report by the migrant rights group Centro de los Derechos del Migrante \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">shows that it's common for H-2A employers nationwide to intimidate workers to exert greater control over them\u003c/a> and prevent them from feeling safe enough to speak up while they’re employed. Out of 100 former H-2A workers the organization spoke to, 100% of them experienced at least one serious legal violation and 94% experienced three or more serious legal violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice from CRLA points out that H-2A employers have an incredible amount of control over workers. An employer \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">must provide housing, meals and transportation to and from the work site\u003c/a>. Because many workers don’t have a U.S. driver’s license or their own vehicle, they also depend on their bosses for transportation to go grocery shopping, to receive medical care and for other essential activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A worker who is experiencing bad working conditions can always vote with his or her feet, right?” Rice said. “Well, that's not true for H-2A workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11886402\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/DSCF1773-1020x680.jpg\"]“The program is really closer to a kind of indentured servitude that we had in prior decades under sharecropper relationships post-emancipation,” she added. “There is such a dependency that the worker has on the employer and you can't really say that they're free to engage in activity anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abusive employers can exert control over workers even when they are no longer living in the U.S. In order to find employees, many H-2A employers depend on third-party recruiters that operate all over the world. The recruitment process is rife with abuse, as some recruiters charge workers exorbitant amounts to connect them with American companies, \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">some practice debt bondage and others mislead workers entirely about job opportunities\u003c/a>. Additionally, a 2015 report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">found that recruiters often blacklist any worker who speaks up about abuses to their employer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recruiters, which range from informal one-person operations to multinational corporations, usually work for several employers spread out across the U.S. So when recruiters blacklist a worker, they’re not just doing so for one employer but potentially for whole sectors of the agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice has seen this happen several times with clients who spoke up about an employer in one state, only to later have trouble finding a job in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing that the employer does once a worker has complained about wages or working conditions,” she said, “is go back to the recruiter and say, ‘I don't want to hire this guy next year because they complained about me,’ and that affects not only recruitment for that particular employer, but also for all of the employers that a recruiter has a relationship with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when workers have returned to their countries of origin, the possibility of being blacklisted still exists. In the \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2015 GAO report\u003c/a>, federal officials traveled to Mexico to talk to former H-2A workers and noted that laborers were concerned about being seen talking to U.S. investigators in their hometowns because “people walking by could possibly see and report them to the local recruiter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns, United Farm Workers\"]'There is a tremendous amount of control over access to those [H-2A] visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin.'[/pullquote]The United Farm Workers union, which operates nationwide, also has noticed this phenomenon. Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns with the UFW, said many Jamaican H-2A workers in the U.S. will stick it out with a bad employer for a whole year just to stay within the recruitment pool for the next year. “There is also a tremendous amount of control over access to those visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Mauritson Farms first hired their crew in 2019, Samuel and Kevin say that the company arranged the recruitment process directly, using WhatsApp to coordinate. But in 2022, the vineyard switched to using a third-party recruiter, Cierto Global, a multinational farm labor contractor that was dubbed an “ethical recruiter” by the Biden administration earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Samuel and Kevin still worry that they now will have a much harder time finding a job in agriculture in the U.S. “I think [Mauritson] didn’t want any more problems to come up for them anymore,” Kevin said, “so they brought on the recruiter to be more selective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Regulating the recruiter network\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How can labor officials prevent retaliation by American companies against H-2A workers if it happens outside the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report points out that because recruitment happens outside the U.S., there’s very little federal oversight. Although the Department of Homeland Security keeps track of every incoming H-2A immigrant, there's no federal database that tracks which agents are recruiting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator, Department of Labor\"]'Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing.'[/pullquote]State agencies like California’s ALRB, which is currently investigating the Mauritson case, also have a hard time enforcing anti-retaliation laws in these situations. Regional director Jessica Arciniega shared that these types of situations are difficult for her agency due to jurisdictional limitations, but in certain cases, this sort of retaliation can fit into an ongoing unfair labor practice investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is evidence that the recruiter was an agent of the employer, then it may be part of something that we investigate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the federal level, Department of Labor officials are constrained by their jurisdiction. “Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing, let's just say, in Mexico,” said Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lugo explains, if a group of workers reported a breach of contract to the Department of Labor by their employer, and the following year none of the workers who were cooperating with the investigation were rehired, “then we can clearly discern that these workers were retaliated [against].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the federal government can order the employer to rehire the affected workers. In cases involving wage theft, officials also can require companies to pay back what they owe workers, along with civil penalties. For repeat offenders, authorities can even remove an employer from the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the end of the day, these consequences apply only for agriculture companies in the U.S., not recruiters abroad. In 2018, over 90% of H-2A workers were from Mexico and the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2018 GOA report\u003c/a> shows that the recruiter network operates extensively throughout that country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Labor Coverage' tag='labor-rights']Migrant worker advocates argue that the Mexican government, along with the governments of other countries H-2A immigrants travel from, should be more proactive about regulating the activities of these recruiters and educating workers on what their labor rights are before they leave for the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mexican officials KQED spoke to pushed back, arguing that isn’t the responsibility of the Mexican government — despite millions of dollars flowing back to Mexico each year as remittances from Mexican nationals working for the U.S. agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H-2A visas are not part of a binational program,” said Remedios Gómez Arnau, consul general of Mexico in San Francisco. The Mexican government has no part in the hiring process and only plays a role through its consular system once Mexican nationals are in American territory, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once somebody leaves Mexico and enters another country using a visa, then that’s when we can figure out here if the national approaches a consulate and tells us what their issue is,” she said. “But before that, Mexican authorities don’t know who is being hired by who.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918371 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt='A group of people protest outside an office building. Many are holding signs, one says in Spanish, \"Pago extra por peligros\" or \"hazard pay\" in English.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and organizers with the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice picket outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022. A coalition of workers and organizers have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards, meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change, including hazard pay for farm laborers who work in wildfire evacuation zones. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The way we protect workers must change'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Samuel and Kevin don’t regret speaking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re acting within our rights,” Samuel said. “It’s not just one worker who spoke up but many.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the team at North Bay Jobs With Justice who have been working with this group of workers since last year, this case could set a precedent for the fight to protect farmworkers in wine country and the rest of California against retaliation and unsafe labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ALRB finds that Mauritson did retaliate against its workers, that could encourage other workers across the region to report their own experiences to labor officials, said Ana Salgado, community co-chair of the NBJWJ board. That could potentially fuel the movement for greater worker protections ahead of wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of worker advocacy groups, including NBJWJ, \u003ca href=\"https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/farmworkers-deserve-safety-and-respect-in-sonoma-county?source=ig\">have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards\u003c/a> meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change. These include providing safety and fire evacuation training in the workers’ first languages, including Indigenous languages, and allowing independent community observers to assess the safety of workers out in the field, so that workers are not alone when they report unsafe conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well,” said Salgado in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918370 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of people play the drums outside of an office building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters gathered outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022, to demand greater protections for farmworkers before the onset of wildfire season. Organizers point out that climate change will only worsen in the coming years and insist that officials expand labor regulations to better protect workers as global temperatures increase. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond Sonoma County, migrant rights advocates also are proposing structural reforms to the H-2A program to hold both employers and recruiters accountable for retaliation. Centro de los Derechos del Migrante has recommended that Congress approve legislation that reforms the recruitment process and ensures that workers who have suffered a labor rights violation in the U.S. can still access legal services once they’ve left the country. They’re also encouraging federal agencies, including the Department of Labor, to create a database accessible to workers that keeps track of H-2A employers and their recruiters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ana Salgado, community co-chair, North Bay Jobs With Justice\"]'The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well.'[/pullquote]Cynthia Rice, attorney with the CRLA, points out a loophole in the existing accountability mechanism for H-2A employers: When a worker sues their company for an illegal labor practice, that company can settle the lawsuit and avoid admitting they violated labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because there has not been any admission of liability or wrongdoing, that employer can get another H-2A order the next year,” Rice said. If federal officials took into consideration which companies are settling lawsuits year after year when it decides which ones get to stay in the H-2A program, it could prevent employers who don’t protect their workers from staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reforming the program isn’t just necessary to better protect H-2A workers, Rice said, but also would benefit American workers. When H-2A workers are more vulnerable to retaliation, that makes them more attractive to hire, since employers know they can exploit them without having to fear the same consequences they’d face in hiring Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kevin, former H-2A worker\"]'We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.'[/pullquote]While he waits to hear the ALRB’s decision, Kevin has been sharing everything he’s learned in the past year with friends who are considering working in the U.S. He doesn’t want others to go through the same things he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were happy with the job we had over there because it gave us the economic means to send money back to our families and save for a home or a business,” he said. But he added that doesn’t justify how he was treated: “We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What's it like for immigrant farmworkers to report an unfair labor practice? Advocates say laborers with H-2A visas are vulnerable to retaliation not just from their employers but from recruiters that connect them to jobs in the future.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1657748953,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":70,"wordCount":3995},"headData":{"title":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation | KQED","description":"What's it like for immigrant farmworkers to report an unfair labor practice? Advocates say laborers with H-2A visas are vulnerable to retaliation not just from their employers but from recruiters that connect them to jobs in the future.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","datePublished":"2022-06-30T19:31:53.000Z","dateModified":"2022-07-13T21:49:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11918317 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11918317","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/06/30/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation/","disqusTitle":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/04ca2167-999b-4f7b-b9e1-aed1012ae3f7/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919450/trabajar-con-una-visa-h-2a-en-estados-unidos-represalias-derechos\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> pair of boots, shirts and pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Samuel left in the room he shared with other field workers at Mauritson Farms in Healdsburg, in the heart of Sonoma County’s wine country, last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was heading back to his family in his hometown in Oaxaca, Mexico. The harvest had ended and his H-2A visa would soon expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started working at Mauritson Farms in 2019 with an H-2A visa, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\">which lets agricultural workers stay in the U.S. for limited periods of time\u003c/a>. The program was modeled off the Bracero Program, which was created in 1942, thanks to an agreement between the U.S. and Mexican governments that brought Mexican workers to American farms. Labor rights groups point out that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/07/31/634442195/when-the-u-s-government-tried-to-replace-migrant-farmworkers-with-high-schoolers\">many of those braceros experienced wage theft, physical abuse and terrible working and living conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the H-2A program, Samuel and a group of other young men from towns and rural communities in and around the Sola de Vega district in Oaxaca have come to California for years — from February through October — to work at Mauritson Farms, which owns and controls the vineyards that produce Mauritson Wines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He left his belongings in Healdsburg with plans to come back in 2022. But he was never rehired by Mauritson Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 2021 growing season, Samuel and five other workers from Oaxaca spoke up against what \u003ca href=\"#workplace\">they believed to be unfair and unsafe working conditions they had experienced for the past three years\u003c/a>. They said they were asked to work on extremely hot days without adequate protections against the heat, that hours of their pay were docked for unjustified reasons and that they suffered verbal abuse from the foreman who supervised them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the support of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the group of six workers met with Cameron Mauritson, manager of the vineyard, in October to explain what they were experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apologized to us and said he was really sorry that this had happened at his company,” said Kevin, who also was at the meeting and worked alongside Samuel for the same period of time. “He promised that he would hire us again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Samuel and Kevin — whose real names KQED is not using due to their fears of employment loss — this promise represented a lot more than a job offer for the next year. It signaled that the group could feel comfortable speaking out against unsafe working conditions and that Mauritson wouldn’t do what they feared the most: retaliate against them by not hiring them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We left our things [at Mauritson Farms] believing we would come back,” Samuel said. “But none of it was true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918388 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A grapevine in a field. The grapes are ripe and ready to pick.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samuel and Kevin started coming to California in 2019 with H-2A visas. They would come in February and leave at the end of the grape harvest season in October. They now wait in their hometowns in Oaxaca to hear what an ALRB investigation finds. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Out of the six workers who met with Mauritson in October, none was called back to work in 2022, despite their completion of an application with Cierto Global, the company’s third-party recruiter service. Both Samuel and Kevin believe they were not rehired because they told management about unsafe working conditions they were experiencing in Mauritson's vineyards, a right protected by California labor standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Jobs With Justice representatives said they have reached out to Mauritson several times since February without receiving a response. Mauritson also declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 7, North Bay Jobs With Justice filed an unfair labor practice charge on behalf of the six workers with the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), the state agency that investigates possible workplace abuses in the agricultural industry. The charge \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/3.3.22-ULP-Against-Employer-Mauritson-Farms-Inc..pdf\">states that Mauritson Farms discriminated against the workers\u003c/a> by “refusing to rehire them because they engaged in protected concerted activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the ALRB investigation moves forward, Samuel and Kevin spend their days taking on whatever work they can get in Oaxaca and looking for different farming jobs in the U.S., but with little luck. The window to receive an H-2A visa this year has closed, so they must look for jobs that don’t offer visas. With their remaining savings depleted and families to feed, time is running out to make enough money to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, home to the country’s largest agriculture sector, also has the nation’s third-most H-2A workers. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22082364/h2a-statistics.pdf\">more than 32,000 H-2A laborers from around the world worked in the state supporting the agriculture industry\u003c/a>. And even though California has an extensive system of agencies and regulations meant to protect these workers, H-2A immigrants are still extremely vulnerable to illegal retaliation by their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bring foreign workers to the U.S., many H-2A employers use a network of both formal and informal recruiters that operate both inside and outside the country. Workers like Samuel and Kevin depend on these recruiters to find jobs in the U.S. and navigate the visa application process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a worker speaks up about illegal labor practices, advocates say these recruiters often make sure the worker is blacklisted across the industry — making it harder for these laborers to find another job in the U.S. and for agricultural industry and labor agencies, who only have jurisdiction in the U.S., to enforce anti-retaliation rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11918390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of grapevines in a field. In the background, a worker can be seen picking grapes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 4,200 laborers from around the world come to work in California with an H-2A visa. Most of them are employed in the agricultural industry. While these workers are protected by the same labor laws as anybody else, labor advocates say they are especially vulnerable to retaliation if they speak up against what they consider to be unfair or unsafe labor practices. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'Employers do retaliate' even though it's illegal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cynthia Rice has worked as a labor rights attorney for over 20 years. She’s now the director of litigation, advocacy and training at California Rural Legal Assistance, a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal aid across the state. She’s represented dozens of agricultural workers in cases involving dangerous working conditions, wage theft and retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of each conversation with a new client, she makes one point clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retaliation is illegal,” she said, while adding that, “we never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you. It’s just illegal and employers do retaliate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to decades of farmworker- and immigrant-led organizing, California has several agencies that enforce labor laws, including anti-retaliation rules. The ALRB was created after then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/forms-publications/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-english/\">California Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> in 1975, which guaranteed collective bargaining rights for farmworkers. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/\">California Labor Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> investigates underpaid or missing wages, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/\">California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board\u003c/a> (Cal/OSHA) enforces workplace safety rules like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">heat protections for outdoor workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Cynthia Rice, director of litigation, advocacy and training, California Rural Legal Assistance","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the federal level, the Department of Labor processes job orders for the H-2A program and enforces employment contracts and the federal laws meant to protect guest workers. The department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd\">Wage and Hour Division\u003c/a> investigates cases where employers may not be paying their workers properly or failing to provide housing, transportation or meals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">which is required by the federal government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigrant farmworkers Rice has worked with come to her after they’ve been terminated or when they’re about to go back to their home countries after the harvest season. “Then they talk about the hours that were shaved or the meals and restrooms that they didn't get,” she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But waiting until the end of harvest season to file a claim with the ALRB or other labor agencies is usually too late, she said, particularly for H-2A workers who typically have to leave the U.S. soon after. It gives attorneys like Rice very limited time to collect evidence and testimony before the worker heads back to their home country, which usually complicates communication as many H-2A holders come from rural communities in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, with limited access to the internet and telephone reception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why wait until the very last moment to speak up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retaliation can mean losing your job (and with that, your H-2A visa) after speaking up, but it can also include intimidation or punishment. Samuel remembers when his crew was working the fields in temperatures exceeding 95 degrees. “There were times where we felt so dehydrated that we were going to pass out,” he said. “We felt we wanted to vomit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11886628","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"workplace\">\u003c/a>When he’d tell the foreman how he and others were feeling, Samuel said the foreman would laugh at them and tell them to keep working. Kevin said that there were many hot days where the workers didn’t have any of the heat protections required by California law. “When it was 90, 95 degrees, we didn’t have any shady spots to have a glass of water or rest for a bit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When outside temperatures exceed 80 degrees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">Cal/OSHA requires employers to provide their workers with sufficient water, shade and rest\u003c/a>. That means each employee should be able to drink at least one quart of water per hour and request breaks in the shade whenever they feel the need to. But a 2021 NPR investigation found that even with these protections in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">nearly four dozen California workers died from heatstroke\u003c/a> and other heat-related illnesses within a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has stated that heat-related deaths can be prevented, but the agency has struggled with understaffing for years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">making it harder for it to enforce its rules across California’s thousands of farms\u003c/a>. So in many cases, the responsibility of protecting workers from heat falls solely on the employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A network of retaliation in the US — and abroad\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2020 report by the migrant rights group Centro de los Derechos del Migrante \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">shows that it's common for H-2A employers nationwide to intimidate workers to exert greater control over them\u003c/a> and prevent them from feeling safe enough to speak up while they’re employed. Out of 100 former H-2A workers the organization spoke to, 100% of them experienced at least one serious legal violation and 94% experienced three or more serious legal violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice from CRLA points out that H-2A employers have an incredible amount of control over workers. An employer \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">must provide housing, meals and transportation to and from the work site\u003c/a>. Because many workers don’t have a U.S. driver’s license or their own vehicle, they also depend on their bosses for transportation to go grocery shopping, to receive medical care and for other essential activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A worker who is experiencing bad working conditions can always vote with his or her feet, right?” Rice said. “Well, that's not true for H-2A workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11886402","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/DSCF1773-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The program is really closer to a kind of indentured servitude that we had in prior decades under sharecropper relationships post-emancipation,” she added. “There is such a dependency that the worker has on the employer and you can't really say that they're free to engage in activity anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abusive employers can exert control over workers even when they are no longer living in the U.S. In order to find employees, many H-2A employers depend on third-party recruiters that operate all over the world. The recruitment process is rife with abuse, as some recruiters charge workers exorbitant amounts to connect them with American companies, \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">some practice debt bondage and others mislead workers entirely about job opportunities\u003c/a>. Additionally, a 2015 report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">found that recruiters often blacklist any worker who speaks up about abuses to their employer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recruiters, which range from informal one-person operations to multinational corporations, usually work for several employers spread out across the U.S. So when recruiters blacklist a worker, they’re not just doing so for one employer but potentially for whole sectors of the agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice has seen this happen several times with clients who spoke up about an employer in one state, only to later have trouble finding a job in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing that the employer does once a worker has complained about wages or working conditions,” she said, “is go back to the recruiter and say, ‘I don't want to hire this guy next year because they complained about me,’ and that affects not only recruitment for that particular employer, but also for all of the employers that a recruiter has a relationship with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when workers have returned to their countries of origin, the possibility of being blacklisted still exists. In the \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2015 GAO report\u003c/a>, federal officials traveled to Mexico to talk to former H-2A workers and noted that laborers were concerned about being seen talking to U.S. investigators in their hometowns because “people walking by could possibly see and report them to the local recruiter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'There is a tremendous amount of control over access to those [H-2A] visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns, United Farm Workers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The United Farm Workers union, which operates nationwide, also has noticed this phenomenon. Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns with the UFW, said many Jamaican H-2A workers in the U.S. will stick it out with a bad employer for a whole year just to stay within the recruitment pool for the next year. “There is also a tremendous amount of control over access to those visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Mauritson Farms first hired their crew in 2019, Samuel and Kevin say that the company arranged the recruitment process directly, using WhatsApp to coordinate. But in 2022, the vineyard switched to using a third-party recruiter, Cierto Global, a multinational farm labor contractor that was dubbed an “ethical recruiter” by the Biden administration earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Samuel and Kevin still worry that they now will have a much harder time finding a job in agriculture in the U.S. “I think [Mauritson] didn’t want any more problems to come up for them anymore,” Kevin said, “so they brought on the recruiter to be more selective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Regulating the recruiter network\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How can labor officials prevent retaliation by American companies against H-2A workers if it happens outside the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report points out that because recruitment happens outside the U.S., there’s very little federal oversight. Although the Department of Homeland Security keeps track of every incoming H-2A immigrant, there's no federal database that tracks which agents are recruiting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator, Department of Labor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>State agencies like California’s ALRB, which is currently investigating the Mauritson case, also have a hard time enforcing anti-retaliation laws in these situations. Regional director Jessica Arciniega shared that these types of situations are difficult for her agency due to jurisdictional limitations, but in certain cases, this sort of retaliation can fit into an ongoing unfair labor practice investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is evidence that the recruiter was an agent of the employer, then it may be part of something that we investigate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the federal level, Department of Labor officials are constrained by their jurisdiction. “Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing, let's just say, in Mexico,” said Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lugo explains, if a group of workers reported a breach of contract to the Department of Labor by their employer, and the following year none of the workers who were cooperating with the investigation were rehired, “then we can clearly discern that these workers were retaliated [against].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the federal government can order the employer to rehire the affected workers. In cases involving wage theft, officials also can require companies to pay back what they owe workers, along with civil penalties. For repeat offenders, authorities can even remove an employer from the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the end of the day, these consequences apply only for agriculture companies in the U.S., not recruiters abroad. In 2018, over 90% of H-2A workers were from Mexico and the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2018 GOA report\u003c/a> shows that the recruiter network operates extensively throughout that country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More Labor Coverage ","tag":"labor-rights"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Migrant worker advocates argue that the Mexican government, along with the governments of other countries H-2A immigrants travel from, should be more proactive about regulating the activities of these recruiters and educating workers on what their labor rights are before they leave for the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mexican officials KQED spoke to pushed back, arguing that isn’t the responsibility of the Mexican government — despite millions of dollars flowing back to Mexico each year as remittances from Mexican nationals working for the U.S. agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H-2A visas are not part of a binational program,” said Remedios Gómez Arnau, consul general of Mexico in San Francisco. The Mexican government has no part in the hiring process and only plays a role through its consular system once Mexican nationals are in American territory, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once somebody leaves Mexico and enters another country using a visa, then that’s when we can figure out here if the national approaches a consulate and tells us what their issue is,” she said. “But before that, Mexican authorities don’t know who is being hired by who.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918371 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt='A group of people protest outside an office building. Many are holding signs, one says in Spanish, \"Pago extra por peligros\" or \"hazard pay\" in English.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and organizers with the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice picket outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022. A coalition of workers and organizers have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards, meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change, including hazard pay for farm laborers who work in wildfire evacuation zones. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The way we protect workers must change'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Samuel and Kevin don’t regret speaking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re acting within our rights,” Samuel said. “It’s not just one worker who spoke up but many.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the team at North Bay Jobs With Justice who have been working with this group of workers since last year, this case could set a precedent for the fight to protect farmworkers in wine country and the rest of California against retaliation and unsafe labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ALRB finds that Mauritson did retaliate against its workers, that could encourage other workers across the region to report their own experiences to labor officials, said Ana Salgado, community co-chair of the NBJWJ board. That could potentially fuel the movement for greater worker protections ahead of wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of worker advocacy groups, including NBJWJ, \u003ca href=\"https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/farmworkers-deserve-safety-and-respect-in-sonoma-county?source=ig\">have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards\u003c/a> meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change. These include providing safety and fire evacuation training in the workers’ first languages, including Indigenous languages, and allowing independent community observers to assess the safety of workers out in the field, so that workers are not alone when they report unsafe conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well,” said Salgado in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918370 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of people play the drums outside of an office building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters gathered outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022, to demand greater protections for farmworkers before the onset of wildfire season. Organizers point out that climate change will only worsen in the coming years and insist that officials expand labor regulations to better protect workers as global temperatures increase. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond Sonoma County, migrant rights advocates also are proposing structural reforms to the H-2A program to hold both employers and recruiters accountable for retaliation. Centro de los Derechos del Migrante has recommended that Congress approve legislation that reforms the recruitment process and ensures that workers who have suffered a labor rights violation in the U.S. can still access legal services once they’ve left the country. They’re also encouraging federal agencies, including the Department of Labor, to create a database accessible to workers that keeps track of H-2A employers and their recruiters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ana Salgado, community co-chair, North Bay Jobs With Justice","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cynthia Rice, attorney with the CRLA, points out a loophole in the existing accountability mechanism for H-2A employers: When a worker sues their company for an illegal labor practice, that company can settle the lawsuit and avoid admitting they violated labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because there has not been any admission of liability or wrongdoing, that employer can get another H-2A order the next year,” Rice said. If federal officials took into consideration which companies are settling lawsuits year after year when it decides which ones get to stay in the H-2A program, it could prevent employers who don’t protect their workers from staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reforming the program isn’t just necessary to better protect H-2A workers, Rice said, but also would benefit American workers. When H-2A workers are more vulnerable to retaliation, that makes them more attractive to hire, since employers know they can exploit them without having to fear the same consequences they’d face in hiring Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Kevin, former H-2A worker","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While he waits to hear the ALRB’s decision, Kevin has been sharing everything he’s learned in the past year with friends who are considering working in the U.S. He doesn’t want others to go through the same things he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were happy with the job we had over there because it gave us the economic means to send money back to our families and save for a home or a business,” he said. But he added that doesn’t justify how he was treated: “We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","authors":["11708"],"categories":["news_1169","news_6188","news_28250","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31272","news_20546","news_27626","news_31271","news_20202","news_29865","news_30426","news_31268","news_31269","news_28212","news_31270","news_23478","news_31275","news_4463","news_1275","news_21765","news_6926","news_21991","news_3797","news_29881","news_31276"],"featImg":"news_11918420","label":"news"},"news_11841618":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11841618","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11841618","score":null,"sort":[1602272542000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","title":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","publishDate":1602272542,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842308/los-trabajadores-inmigrantes-impulsan-la-economia-del-valle-de-napa-pero-los-incendios-y-el-covid-19-estan-eliminando-esos-trabajos\">Leer en Español\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Arnulfo Vergara, an evacuee forced to flee from the Glass Fire burning in Napa and Sonoma counties, arrived at an emergency center at Napa Valley College earlier this week with a furrowed brow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vergara, a farmworker for more than two decades, had planned on working the entire harvest season. But the destruction wrought by recent wildfires in the form of scorched vineyards and smoke-damaged grapes has cut short many local vineyard and winery jobs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s over. The fire came and finished everything,” said Vergara, 59, an immigrant from Mexico who lives at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/467/Housing-Authority\">Calistoga Farmworker Center\u003c/a>. “I’m not going to work the rest of October or November. That’s money that won’t go into my pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jenny Ocón, executive director of UpValley Family Centers\"]'It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate danger to thousands of residents of Calistoga, St. Helena and other Napa Valley communities has subsided as firefighters continue to make progress against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/9/27/glass-fire/\">Glass Fire\u003c/a>, which has charred over 67,000 acres since igniting on Sept. 27 and is now nearly 75% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the region’s Latino immigrant workers – who are key to the local economy – say this year’s wildfires have intensified another danger: income and job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, many local families have struggled financially as shelter-in-place measures hampered tourism, restaurants and wine businesses, said Jenny Ocón, executive director for UpValley Family Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another,” she said. “And in particular, the immigrant community is pretty hard-hit because often certain members are not eligible for federal benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants are ineligible for unemployment insurance, coronavirus aid or other government benefits — even when they pay taxes. And more than half of California’s farmworkers are undocumented, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.doleta.gov/naws/research/data-tables/\">estimates\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UpValley and other nonprofits in the Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD) network have channeled more than $150,000 in private donations to provide evacuees with emergency gift cards for gas, groceries and other basic needs, said Ocón.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she foresees more long-term help will be needed, including rental assistance for vulnerable residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11841621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Susana Garcia-Sanchez at UpValley Family Centers holds gift cards for evacuees to purchase food, gas and other basic needs. The nonprofit is part of a network, Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster, that has distributed more than $150,000 in gift cards to local evacuees. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the Glass Fire destroyed more than 300 homes in Napa County, some low-income families were already struggling to afford rent. This new loss of housing stock could make it even more difficult for them to continue living in the area, Ocón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think it will displace some families,” she said. “Housing is already really expensive here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median rent in the city of Napa is more than $2,400 a month, according to \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/city-napa-tenants-need-47-an-hour-to-afford-median-rent/article_5967495b-7352-5c54-a895-e56e49ca113f.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The displacement of workers could spell trouble for restaurants, hotels, wineries and vineyards that rely on low-wage immigrant workers to be competitive, said Sonoma State University economics professor Robert Eyler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they want to hire workers back in earnest, they might find a labor market that doesn't have as much supply as they used to,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='farmworkers']Eyler estimates that more than 80% of Napa County’s economy is connected in some way to tourism or the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people can’t find work here and other states are opening more quickly and have fewer COVID cases, have fewer fires affecting their agriculture and hospitality, people might move on,” said Eyler, who grew up in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-wage workers facing food insecurity and the inability to pay rent will need more long-term support to hang on in the region, he said, but the pandemic and decreased tax revenues have shrunk local and state budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yalitza Garcia, another evacuee, said she lost her six-year job as a waitress at a restaurant in Yountville during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, she found another position as a server, but the restaurant — which can only seat up to 25% of its capacity indoors — lost customers as the smoky air meant patrons couldn’t sit outdoors either, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really difficult,” said Garcia, the mother of two young children. “My wages have gone down a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of nearly 2,000 evacuees the county of Napa has helped shelter in hotel rooms during the Glass Fire, according to county officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia came to the evacuation center with Silvia Arroyo, her sister-in-law, to get boxed lunches for relatives staying at their hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arroyo, a house cleaner, said the fire burnt two houses in St. Helena where she worked. She had already lost clients and income during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both women said they were grateful for the immediate aid of food and hotel rooms to shelter in. But they are also applying for rental assistance from the county, which could keep their families housed until they can make more money, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we have to wait,” she said. “Because a lot of other people have also applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for Immigrant Workers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These organizations offer cash assistance to undocumented immigrants in wine country:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://undocufund.org/\">UndocuFund for Disaster Relief in Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.upvalleyfamilycenters.org/\">UpValley Relief Fund (includes Napa and Lake counties)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.onthemovebayarea.org/ncrc\">Down Valley Relief Fund (Napa County)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Find a full list of organizations providing assistance in Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/northern-california\">here\u003c/a> via the California Immigrant Resilience Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find COVID-19-related resources from the state of California for immigrants in Spanish, Vietnamese and other languages \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/guide-immigrant-californians/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Without steady income, low-income Latino families could be displaced, advocates fear. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1603220322,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1030},"headData":{"title":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs | KQED","description":"Without steady income, low-income Latino families could be displaced, advocates fear. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","datePublished":"2020-10-09T19:42:22.000Z","dateModified":"2020-10-20T18:58:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11841618 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11841618","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/10/09/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs/","disqusTitle":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/33e61d2e-79a5-46f9-99bb-ac4e012e71a8/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11841618/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842308/los-trabajadores-inmigrantes-impulsan-la-economia-del-valle-de-napa-pero-los-incendios-y-el-covid-19-estan-eliminando-esos-trabajos\">Leer en Español\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Arnulfo Vergara, an evacuee forced to flee from the Glass Fire burning in Napa and Sonoma counties, arrived at an emergency center at Napa Valley College earlier this week with a furrowed brow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vergara, a farmworker for more than two decades, had planned on working the entire harvest season. But the destruction wrought by recent wildfires in the form of scorched vineyards and smoke-damaged grapes has cut short many local vineyard and winery jobs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s over. The fire came and finished everything,” said Vergara, 59, an immigrant from Mexico who lives at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/467/Housing-Authority\">Calistoga Farmworker Center\u003c/a>. “I’m not going to work the rest of October or November. That’s money that won’t go into my pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Jenny Ocón, executive director of UpValley Family Centers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate danger to thousands of residents of Calistoga, St. Helena and other Napa Valley communities has subsided as firefighters continue to make progress against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/9/27/glass-fire/\">Glass Fire\u003c/a>, which has charred over 67,000 acres since igniting on Sept. 27 and is now nearly 75% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the region’s Latino immigrant workers – who are key to the local economy – say this year’s wildfires have intensified another danger: income and job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, many local families have struggled financially as shelter-in-place measures hampered tourism, restaurants and wine businesses, said Jenny Ocón, executive director for UpValley Family Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another,” she said. “And in particular, the immigrant community is pretty hard-hit because often certain members are not eligible for federal benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants are ineligible for unemployment insurance, coronavirus aid or other government benefits — even when they pay taxes. And more than half of California’s farmworkers are undocumented, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.doleta.gov/naws/research/data-tables/\">estimates\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UpValley and other nonprofits in the Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD) network have channeled more than $150,000 in private donations to provide evacuees with emergency gift cards for gas, groceries and other basic needs, said Ocón.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she foresees more long-term help will be needed, including rental assistance for vulnerable residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11841621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Susana Garcia-Sanchez at UpValley Family Centers holds gift cards for evacuees to purchase food, gas and other basic needs. The nonprofit is part of a network, Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster, that has distributed more than $150,000 in gift cards to local evacuees. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the Glass Fire destroyed more than 300 homes in Napa County, some low-income families were already struggling to afford rent. This new loss of housing stock could make it even more difficult for them to continue living in the area, Ocón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think it will displace some families,” she said. “Housing is already really expensive here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median rent in the city of Napa is more than $2,400 a month, according to \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/city-napa-tenants-need-47-an-hour-to-afford-median-rent/article_5967495b-7352-5c54-a895-e56e49ca113f.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The displacement of workers could spell trouble for restaurants, hotels, wineries and vineyards that rely on low-wage immigrant workers to be competitive, said Sonoma State University economics professor Robert Eyler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they want to hire workers back in earnest, they might find a labor market that doesn't have as much supply as they used to,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"farmworkers"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Eyler estimates that more than 80% of Napa County’s economy is connected in some way to tourism or the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people can’t find work here and other states are opening more quickly and have fewer COVID cases, have fewer fires affecting their agriculture and hospitality, people might move on,” said Eyler, who grew up in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-wage workers facing food insecurity and the inability to pay rent will need more long-term support to hang on in the region, he said, but the pandemic and decreased tax revenues have shrunk local and state budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yalitza Garcia, another evacuee, said she lost her six-year job as a waitress at a restaurant in Yountville during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, she found another position as a server, but the restaurant — which can only seat up to 25% of its capacity indoors — lost customers as the smoky air meant patrons couldn’t sit outdoors either, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really difficult,” said Garcia, the mother of two young children. “My wages have gone down a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of nearly 2,000 evacuees the county of Napa has helped shelter in hotel rooms during the Glass Fire, according to county officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia came to the evacuation center with Silvia Arroyo, her sister-in-law, to get boxed lunches for relatives staying at their hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arroyo, a house cleaner, said the fire burnt two houses in St. Helena where she worked. She had already lost clients and income during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both women said they were grateful for the immediate aid of food and hotel rooms to shelter in. But they are also applying for rental assistance from the county, which could keep their families housed until they can make more money, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we have to wait,” she said. “Because a lot of other people have also applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for Immigrant Workers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These organizations offer cash assistance to undocumented immigrants in wine country:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://undocufund.org/\">UndocuFund for Disaster Relief in Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.upvalleyfamilycenters.org/\">UpValley Relief Fund (includes Napa and Lake counties)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.onthemovebayarea.org/ncrc\">Down Valley Relief Fund (Napa County)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Find a full list of organizations providing assistance in Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/northern-california\">here\u003c/a> via the California Immigrant Resilience Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find COVID-19-related resources from the state of California for immigrants in Spanish, Vietnamese and other languages \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/guide-immigrant-californians/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11841618/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","authors":["8659"],"categories":["news_24114","news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_18269","news_27626","news_20202","news_19904","news_20605","news_6565","news_4981","news_4463","news_21765","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11841620","label":"news"},"news_11838178":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11838178","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11838178","score":null,"sort":[1600336854000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-birth-of-wine-country-is-a-story-of-bugs-taxes-and-war","title":"The Birth of 'Wine Country' Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War","publishDate":1600336854,"format":"image","headTitle":"The Birth of ‘Wine Country’ Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":33523,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Nestled in the hills just north of San Francisco is one of the most famous wine-producing regions in the world. Visitors come from all over to sip wine at bucolic wineries overlooking thousands of acres of grapes. But how did this region become famous for wine? That’s what Bay Curious listener Michael Viray wanted to know. The temperate Mediterranean climate would be good for growing all types of crops. How did wine come to dominate here?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Wine\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Catholic priests planted the first wine grapes in Sonoma County in the early 1820s at the \u003ca href=\"https://missionscalifornia.com/san-francisco-solano-mission/key-facts\">Mission San Francisco Solano\u003c/a>. And just a decade later, in the 1830s, when European settlers began making their homes in the Napa Valley, wine grapes would have been one of their crops. Commercial winemaking in what we now know as “wine country,” however, traces its roots back to a German immigrant named Charles Krug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11838201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861.\" width=\"400\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-160x242.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1017x1536.jpg 1017w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861. \u003ccite>(Peter Mondavi Family Winery/\u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CharlesKrug.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While living in San Francisco, Krug managed a German language newspaper and \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/wine/columnists/allison-levine/allison-levine-please-the-palate-mondavis-celebrate-75-years-at-krug-winery-in-napa-valley/article_249afd84-cabf-5a4e-a730-3b3c9b5e9a1b.html\">is said to have experimented with winemaking\u003c/a> as a hobby. When Krug married Carolina Bale in 1860, her family offered land just north of St. Helena for her dowry, says \u003ca href=\"https://gsm.ucdavis.edu/profile/dr-james-t-lapsley\">Jim Lapsley\u003c/a>, professor of viticulture and enology at UC Davis. The Charles Krug Winery opened there in 1861 and is considered to be the first commercial winery in Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Gold Rush\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Gold Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\">rapidly increased \u003c/a>California’s population, and the state joined the union in 1850. In 1840, California had about 8,000 people. Just 10 years later, the population had grown to roughly 100,000. Meanwhile, San Francisco was booming. In July 1849, 5,000 people called it home. Six months later, the population was five times that. By 1870, the population of the city had reached 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In reaction to this population boom, more and more grape growers began to plant grapes in what we now know as wine country, an area that stretches through Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake and Solano counties. But California wines only represented a fraction of the wine consumed in the United States. California had no bottling plants, so grapes were shipped east on trains for bottling. And it was cheaper for consumers on the East Coast to import wine from Europe by boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1875, the federal government stepped in and increased import taxes on European wines. That made shipping wine from California more financially competitive, and California began to dominate the domestic table wine market. The more expensive wines still tended to come from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Booms and Busts\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1880s, a small bug related to an aphid \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/dining/wine-talk-after-phylloxera-the-first-taste-of-a-better-grape.html\">arrived in the Napa Valley\u003c/a>. Phylloxera ate the roots of European grape varieties like Vitis Vinifera. Jim Lapsley says that when phylloxera arrived in wine country, “It killed the vineyards. And the only way you could really come up with a solution was to plant on grafted vines. The bottom, the rootstock would be a native variety,” which the bugs didn’t like, “And then on the top we have a graft with the European vinifera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg\" alt=\"Phylloxera galls on a leaf.\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1920x1275.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phylloxera galls on a grape leaf. This aphid-like insect decimated North Bay vineyards between 1870-1890, although probably due to the regions dry climate it never went into its winged form, as pictured here. In California, Phylloxera stayed underground, eating the roots. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/28061028@N07/35287648956\">Candiru\u003c/a>/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grape growers also tried a few other solutions, including pumping poisonous gas into the soil and flooding entire vineyards. But the grafted rootstocks worked best, and they are still used widely on vineyards in Sonoma, Napa and surrounding counties today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1920s brought another rough patch to California winemakers. The U.S. Congress passed the 18th Amendment — better known as Prohibition — in 1919. Prohibition outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Many wineries went out of business, and Lapsley says those that survived took advantage of a loophole in the law that allowed people to produce wine at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape industry in California switched from producing wine grapes to be sold to wineries, to grapes that could be shipped back east to home wine producers,” Lapsley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Prohibition, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/how-prohibition-changed-the-way-americans-drink-100-years-ago-129854\">by the end of 1921 Americans were drinking again\u003c/a> at almost two-thirds the level they had before the law was passed. And eventually lawmakers gave in, overturning the 18th Amendment in 1933, and making alcohol of all types legal again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The War Years Changed Everything\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before World War II, the wine produced in the North Bay still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/111499/distilling-the-story-of-california-wine-one-label-at-a-time\">didn’t look much like what we see today\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California wineries were producing bulk wine and shipping it out of state to bottlers,” Lapsley says. ”So most of the wine that was produced in California was not bottled under a California label.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Bunch of green wine grapes.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bunch of green wine grapes on the vine at To-Kalon Vineyard. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This would change as the government took over various parts of American industry for the war effort. The railroad cars that used to send wine east for bottling, were commandeered, leaving the wine industry with one solution — move their operation to California. So, Lapsley says, “In ‘43 bottlers start bottling in California for the first time.” And, those new bottles printed the locale on the label — making California wine a bottled and branded commodity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of wine produced in the North Bay \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsetglobal.com/media/3010/changing-face-of-the-us-consumer.pdf\">exploded in the 1970s\u003c/a> thanks to the millions of baby boomers coming of age. They loved white wine. Around this time, new innovations were arriving at wineries around the region. Things like refrigeration and stainless steel tanks not only helped sterilize and streamline the winemaking process, but also made it taste better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we ferment grapes, and especially white grapes, at lower temperatures, the fruity characteristics that are inherent in the grapes are enhanced and maintained,” Lapsley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Judgement of Paris Brings Respectability and Renown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The real turning point for the respectability of California wines came in 1975 at the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/109705/the-judgment-of-paris-the-blind-taste-test-that-decanted-the-wine-world\">“Judgement of Paris.”\u003c/a> California wines went head-to-head with European favorites and won a blind-taste test by French judges. The results sent a shockwave through the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a feature article [in] \u003ca href=\"http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,947719,00.html\">Time Magazine\u003c/a>,” Lapsley says. “And basically it was a shot in the arm for the industry. It was validation. And we had even more people coming in and wanting to start wineries or plant vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, wineries and grape growing operations work side by side in wine country. The industry has survived a lot in the past 160 years, but its challenges aren’t over. Climate change has led to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/climatewatch/2011/08/15/climate-change-offers-up-a-new-wine-list/\">hotter, drier weather\u003c/a> and is forcing the industry to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926662/wineries-hedge-against-climate-change-move-to-cool-climates\">plan for and adapt to\u003c/a> an uncertain future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t worry. People in the know say with absolute confidence that wine country — and its spirit of innovation — are here to stay. Cheers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The story of Bay Area wine country spans 160 years and features an aphid-like bug that nearly ruined it all. Learn how Napa and Sonoma counties came to be world famous for wine.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700590196,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1208},"headData":{"title":"The Birth of 'Wine Country' Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War | KQED","description":"The story of Bay Area wine country spans 160 years and features an aphid-like bug that nearly ruined it all. Learn how Napa and Sonoma counties came to be world famous for wine.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The Birth of 'Wine Country' Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War","datePublished":"2020-09-17T10:00:54.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T18:09:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://dcs.megaphone.fm/KQINC5717055541.mp3?key=58cf7b02eaa5560c5685b71ec9c8aa91","subhead":"The History of Wine Country: How Sonoma and Napa Became World Famous For Wine","path":"/news/11838178/the-birth-of-wine-country-is-a-story-of-bugs-taxes-and-war","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nestled in the hills just north of San Francisco is one of the most famous wine-producing regions in the world. Visitors come from all over to sip wine at bucolic wineries overlooking thousands of acres of grapes. But how did this region become famous for wine? That’s what Bay Curious listener Michael Viray wanted to know. The temperate Mediterranean climate would be good for growing all types of crops. How did wine come to dominate here?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Wine\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Catholic priests planted the first wine grapes in Sonoma County in the early 1820s at the \u003ca href=\"https://missionscalifornia.com/san-francisco-solano-mission/key-facts\">Mission San Francisco Solano\u003c/a>. And just a decade later, in the 1830s, when European settlers began making their homes in the Napa Valley, wine grapes would have been one of their crops. Commercial winemaking in what we now know as “wine country,” however, traces its roots back to a German immigrant named Charles Krug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11838201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861.\" width=\"400\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-160x242.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1017x1536.jpg 1017w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861. \u003ccite>(Peter Mondavi Family Winery/\u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CharlesKrug.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While living in San Francisco, Krug managed a German language newspaper and \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/wine/columnists/allison-levine/allison-levine-please-the-palate-mondavis-celebrate-75-years-at-krug-winery-in-napa-valley/article_249afd84-cabf-5a4e-a730-3b3c9b5e9a1b.html\">is said to have experimented with winemaking\u003c/a> as a hobby. When Krug married Carolina Bale in 1860, her family offered land just north of St. Helena for her dowry, says \u003ca href=\"https://gsm.ucdavis.edu/profile/dr-james-t-lapsley\">Jim Lapsley\u003c/a>, professor of viticulture and enology at UC Davis. The Charles Krug Winery opened there in 1861 and is considered to be the first commercial winery in Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Gold Rush\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Gold Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\">rapidly increased \u003c/a>California’s population, and the state joined the union in 1850. In 1840, California had about 8,000 people. Just 10 years later, the population had grown to roughly 100,000. Meanwhile, San Francisco was booming. In July 1849, 5,000 people called it home. Six months later, the population was five times that. By 1870, the population of the city had reached 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In reaction to this population boom, more and more grape growers began to plant grapes in what we now know as wine country, an area that stretches through Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake and Solano counties. But California wines only represented a fraction of the wine consumed in the United States. California had no bottling plants, so grapes were shipped east on trains for bottling. And it was cheaper for consumers on the East Coast to import wine from Europe by boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1875, the federal government stepped in and increased import taxes on European wines. That made shipping wine from California more financially competitive, and California began to dominate the domestic table wine market. The more expensive wines still tended to come from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Booms and Busts\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1880s, a small bug related to an aphid \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/dining/wine-talk-after-phylloxera-the-first-taste-of-a-better-grape.html\">arrived in the Napa Valley\u003c/a>. Phylloxera ate the roots of European grape varieties like Vitis Vinifera. Jim Lapsley says that when phylloxera arrived in wine country, “It killed the vineyards. And the only way you could really come up with a solution was to plant on grafted vines. The bottom, the rootstock would be a native variety,” which the bugs didn’t like, “And then on the top we have a graft with the European vinifera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg\" alt=\"Phylloxera galls on a leaf.\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1920x1275.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phylloxera galls on a grape leaf. This aphid-like insect decimated North Bay vineyards between 1870-1890, although probably due to the regions dry climate it never went into its winged form, as pictured here. In California, Phylloxera stayed underground, eating the roots. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/28061028@N07/35287648956\">Candiru\u003c/a>/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grape growers also tried a few other solutions, including pumping poisonous gas into the soil and flooding entire vineyards. But the grafted rootstocks worked best, and they are still used widely on vineyards in Sonoma, Napa and surrounding counties today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1920s brought another rough patch to California winemakers. The U.S. Congress passed the 18th Amendment — better known as Prohibition — in 1919. Prohibition outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Many wineries went out of business, and Lapsley says those that survived took advantage of a loophole in the law that allowed people to produce wine at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape industry in California switched from producing wine grapes to be sold to wineries, to grapes that could be shipped back east to home wine producers,” Lapsley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Prohibition, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/how-prohibition-changed-the-way-americans-drink-100-years-ago-129854\">by the end of 1921 Americans were drinking again\u003c/a> at almost two-thirds the level they had before the law was passed. And eventually lawmakers gave in, overturning the 18th Amendment in 1933, and making alcohol of all types legal again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The War Years Changed Everything\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before World War II, the wine produced in the North Bay still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/111499/distilling-the-story-of-california-wine-one-label-at-a-time\">didn’t look much like what we see today\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California wineries were producing bulk wine and shipping it out of state to bottlers,” Lapsley says. ”So most of the wine that was produced in California was not bottled under a California label.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Bunch of green wine grapes.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bunch of green wine grapes on the vine at To-Kalon Vineyard. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This would change as the government took over various parts of American industry for the war effort. The railroad cars that used to send wine east for bottling, were commandeered, leaving the wine industry with one solution — move their operation to California. So, Lapsley says, “In ‘43 bottlers start bottling in California for the first time.” And, those new bottles printed the locale on the label — making California wine a bottled and branded commodity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of wine produced in the North Bay \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsetglobal.com/media/3010/changing-face-of-the-us-consumer.pdf\">exploded in the 1970s\u003c/a> thanks to the millions of baby boomers coming of age. They loved white wine. Around this time, new innovations were arriving at wineries around the region. Things like refrigeration and stainless steel tanks not only helped sterilize and streamline the winemaking process, but also made it taste better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we ferment grapes, and especially white grapes, at lower temperatures, the fruity characteristics that are inherent in the grapes are enhanced and maintained,” Lapsley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Judgement of Paris Brings Respectability and Renown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The real turning point for the respectability of California wines came in 1975 at the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/109705/the-judgment-of-paris-the-blind-taste-test-that-decanted-the-wine-world\">“Judgement of Paris.”\u003c/a> California wines went head-to-head with European favorites and won a blind-taste test by French judges. The results sent a shockwave through the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a feature article [in] \u003ca href=\"http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,947719,00.html\">Time Magazine\u003c/a>,” Lapsley says. “And basically it was a shot in the arm for the industry. It was validation. And we had even more people coming in and wanting to start wineries or plant vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, wineries and grape growing operations work side by side in wine country. The industry has survived a lot in the past 160 years, but its challenges aren’t over. Climate change has led to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/climatewatch/2011/08/15/climate-change-offers-up-a-new-wine-list/\">hotter, drier weather\u003c/a> and is forcing the industry to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926662/wineries-hedge-against-climate-change-move-to-cool-climates\">plan for and adapt to\u003c/a> an uncertain future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t worry. People in the know say with absolute confidence that wine country — and its spirit of innovation — are here to stay. Cheers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11838178/the-birth-of-wine-country-is-a-story-of-bugs-taxes-and-war","authors":["234","11749"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_28250","news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_6565","news_4981","news_21765","news_6926"],"featImg":"news_11838197","label":"news_33523"},"news_11780566":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11780566","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11780566","score":null,"sort":[1573143925000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"meet-the-new-californians-pursuing-their-dreams-in-the-golden-state","title":"Meet a Californian Immigrant Bringing Indigenous Culture From Guatemala","publishDate":1573143925,"format":"video","headTitle":"The California Dream | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":21879,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>When Henry Sales first learned that he’d be joining his parents in California and starting a new life, he was excited. In his hometown of San Juan Atitan, Guatemala, he’d been surrounded by poverty and faced discrimination as an indigenous person who speaks Mam, a Mayan language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11785525 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Henry Sales when he first arrived in California at age 19.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Henry Sales when he first arrived in California at age 19. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Henry Sales)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, with increased numbers of Mam-speaking Guatemalans immigrating to the U.S., he puts his language abilities to work as a court interpreter for immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11763374/do-you-speak-mam-growth-of-oaklands-guatemalan-community-sparks-interest-in-indigenous-language\">teaches Mam at Laney College\u003c/a>, another reflection of the changing face of immigration in California. He hopes to share his culture more widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, for the next five years, hopefully I can fulfill this vision that I have to create a space, more like a culture center, where people will come and learn about my culture, the Mayan culture, and also indigenous culture,” said Sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet a New California Politician Shaping Local Government\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New Californian Politician\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/_YemphUQCLU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 22 years old, recent UC Berkeley graduate Rigel Robinson is the youngest person to be elected to the Berkeley City Council. He represents District 7, which includes his alma mater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson's 2018 campaign was staffed by UC Berkeley students and promoted a platform of affordable housing, decriminalizing homelessness and combating climate change. He hopes to accomplish a lot in his first term, embracing Berkeley’s tradition of bold policymaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Berkeley is looking to be one of the first cities in the country to really reexamine its zoning map and think about how exclusionary zoning has affected what we can and can't build in different places,” Robinson said. “We need to get a little more creative with the space that we have to make sure that everyone that wants to call California home really can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11783608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11783608 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-800x600.png\" alt=\"Berkeley City Council member Rigel Robinson visits Oxford Elementary School in Berkeley, CA.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-160x120.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1020x765.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1200x900.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1920x1440.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1832x1374.png 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1376x1032.png 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1044x783.png 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-632x474.png 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-536x402.png 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1.png 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley City Council member Rigel Robinson visits Oxford Elementary School in Berkeley. \u003ccite>(Jacqueline Omania)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley student Varsha Sarveshwar served as Robinson’s campaign manager because she’s passionate about civic engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it was a real turning point for our city,” Sarveshwar said, “in terms of legitimizing and recognizing students and young people as a force in politics — not a group of people to be ignored as people who don't vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet a New Farmer Pursuing Her Dreams in the Golden State\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New California Farmer\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/U-kUQ4GAUr8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Coronado didn’t think she’d become a farmer. In fact, her parents, who grow corn on the Sacramento River Delta, discouraged her from following in their footsteps. But after attending college, Coronado found herself being pulled back to the land. She enrolled in the Center for Land-Based Learning’s California Farm Academy, where she came away with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713330/want-to-become-a-farmer-in-california-get-a-mentor\">a business plan\u003c/a> for her own enterprise, Beaver Vineyards. She has just planted her first crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11781712\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11781712 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tara Coronado (L) crafted a business plan for Beaver Vineyards while at the California Farm Academy program.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Coronado (L) crafted a business plan for Beaver Vineyards while at the California Farm Academy program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Farm Academy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Coronado, 28, is part of a new generation of farmers — many of whom have little background in farming. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the average age of farmers in California is about 59 and only about 37% percent are women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we are going through a new transition of people being interested,” Coronado said. “How do I grow my own food? Or where does my food come from? So there is this new wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coronado expects her first harvest in 2020. But until then, she’ll have no income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dream for Beaver Vineyards is to not be in debt, which I think is every farmer's dream,” Coronado said. “I think a lot of farmers take out a loan every single year and they've got to pay that loan off every single year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>About 'The New Californians' Series\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New Californians - Trailer\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/GiQ4BIoCN9A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Dream of the '60s was all about beach, carefree living and opportunity — a \"golden era\" where a house awaited you along with 2.5 kids and a dog. Today, living in California is marked by a statewide housing crisis, deadly wildfires and the rising cost of living. The dream may not be carefree anymore, but it’s being reimagined as the state and its people move toward the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this video series, we profile three young people who are pursuing their version of the California Dream in the current reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio, with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Henry Sales immigrated from Guatemala to Oakland in 2011 and now works as an interpreter for immigration courts.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1573144081,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":792},"headData":{"title":"Meet a Californian Immigrant Bringing Indigenous Culture From Guatemala | KQED","description":"Henry Sales immigrated from Guatemala to Oakland in 2011 and now works as an interpreter for immigration courts.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Meet a Californian Immigrant Bringing Indigenous Culture From Guatemala","datePublished":"2019-11-07T16:25:25.000Z","dateModified":"2019-11-07T16:28:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11780566 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11780566","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/11/07/meet-the-new-californians-pursuing-their-dreams-in-the-golden-state/","disqusTitle":"Meet a Californian Immigrant Bringing Indigenous Culture From Guatemala","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/idAE8Gwk4Jo ","path":"/news/11780566/meet-the-new-californians-pursuing-their-dreams-in-the-golden-state","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Henry Sales first learned that he’d be joining his parents in California and starting a new life, he was excited. In his hometown of San Juan Atitan, Guatemala, he’d been surrounded by poverty and faced discrimination as an indigenous person who speaks Mam, a Mayan language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11785525 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Henry Sales when he first arrived in California at age 19.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Henry_young_landscape-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Henry Sales when he first arrived in California at age 19. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Henry Sales)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, with increased numbers of Mam-speaking Guatemalans immigrating to the U.S., he puts his language abilities to work as a court interpreter for immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11763374/do-you-speak-mam-growth-of-oaklands-guatemalan-community-sparks-interest-in-indigenous-language\">teaches Mam at Laney College\u003c/a>, another reflection of the changing face of immigration in California. He hopes to share his culture more widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, for the next five years, hopefully I can fulfill this vision that I have to create a space, more like a culture center, where people will come and learn about my culture, the Mayan culture, and also indigenous culture,” said Sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet a New California Politician Shaping Local Government\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New Californian Politician\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/_YemphUQCLU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 22 years old, recent UC Berkeley graduate Rigel Robinson is the youngest person to be elected to the Berkeley City Council. He represents District 7, which includes his alma mater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson's 2018 campaign was staffed by UC Berkeley students and promoted a platform of affordable housing, decriminalizing homelessness and combating climate change. He hopes to accomplish a lot in his first term, embracing Berkeley’s tradition of bold policymaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Berkeley is looking to be one of the first cities in the country to really reexamine its zoning map and think about how exclusionary zoning has affected what we can and can't build in different places,” Robinson said. “We need to get a little more creative with the space that we have to make sure that everyone that wants to call California home really can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11783608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11783608 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-800x600.png\" alt=\"Berkeley City Council member Rigel Robinson visits Oxford Elementary School in Berkeley, CA.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-160x120.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1020x765.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1200x900.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1920x1440.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1832x1374.png 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1376x1032.png 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-1044x783.png 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-632x474.png 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1-536x402.png 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Rigel-Robinson-Oxford-Elementary-1.png 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley City Council member Rigel Robinson visits Oxford Elementary School in Berkeley. \u003ccite>(Jacqueline Omania)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley student Varsha Sarveshwar served as Robinson’s campaign manager because she’s passionate about civic engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it was a real turning point for our city,” Sarveshwar said, “in terms of legitimizing and recognizing students and young people as a force in politics — not a group of people to be ignored as people who don't vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet a New Farmer Pursuing Her Dreams in the Golden State\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New California Farmer\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/U-kUQ4GAUr8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Coronado didn’t think she’d become a farmer. In fact, her parents, who grow corn on the Sacramento River Delta, discouraged her from following in their footsteps. But after attending college, Coronado found herself being pulled back to the land. She enrolled in the Center for Land-Based Learning’s California Farm Academy, where she came away with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713330/want-to-become-a-farmer-in-california-get-a-mentor\">a business plan\u003c/a> for her own enterprise, Beaver Vineyards. She has just planted her first crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11781712\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11781712 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tara Coronado (L) crafted a business plan for Beaver Vineyards while at the California Farm Academy program.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/NewFarmer_Tara-CFA.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Coronado (L) crafted a business plan for Beaver Vineyards while at the California Farm Academy program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Farm Academy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Coronado, 28, is part of a new generation of farmers — many of whom have little background in farming. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the average age of farmers in California is about 59 and only about 37% percent are women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we are going through a new transition of people being interested,” Coronado said. “How do I grow my own food? Or where does my food come from? So there is this new wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coronado expects her first harvest in 2020. But until then, she’ll have no income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dream for Beaver Vineyards is to not be in debt, which I think is every farmer's dream,” Coronado said. “I think a lot of farmers take out a loan every single year and they've got to pay that loan off every single year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>About 'The New Californians' Series\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"The New Californians - Trailer\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/GiQ4BIoCN9A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Dream of the '60s was all about beach, carefree living and opportunity — a \"golden era\" where a house awaited you along with 2.5 kids and a dog. Today, living in California is marked by a statewide housing crisis, deadly wildfires and the rising cost of living. The dream may not be carefree anymore, but it’s being reimagined as the state and its people move toward the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this video series, we profile three young people who are pursuing their version of the California Dream in the current reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio, with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11780566/meet-the-new-californians-pursuing-their-dreams-in-the-golden-state","authors":["236"],"series":["news_21879"],"categories":["news_1758","news_6266","news_1169","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_4092","news_673","news_21840","news_20202","news_21765"],"featImg":"news_11780600","label":"news_21879"},"news_11767522":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11767522","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11767522","score":null,"sort":[1565806756000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-largest-legal-weed-farms-face-conflict-in-wine-country","title":"California's Largest Legal Weed Farms Face Conflict From Winemakers","publishDate":1565806756,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The Santa Rita Hills, nestled in Santa Barbara County, are ideal for pinot noir, a notoriously finicky grape. That's why Kathy Joseph came here to plant Fiddlestix Vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"marijuana\" label=\"More Coverage of Marijuana in California\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plants are over 20 years old, which comes through in the wines we make. The topography is just right; the proximity to the ocean is incredible,\" Joseph says. \"Difficult to find a pinot noir district this good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighboring grape vines extend to the west as far as the eye can see. In the other direction, there's a new neighbor in town. This spring, a cannabis farmer started building hoop houses on the 100-acre parcel. So far, a quarter of the land is growing pot. Joseph has seen plenty of vegetable farms there before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've lived together with other vegetables, lettuces and cauliflower, and broccoli and snap peas, and walnuts very happily,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this new crop is different. In June, Joseph learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis. Unlike food crops, cannabis can't be sold if there's any trace of fungicide or pesticide in it,\u003ca href=\"https://bcc.ca.gov/about_us/documents/17-261_required_testing_chart.pdf\"> according to state law\u003c/a>. So while the county investigates, she's using a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767540\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"Kathy Joseph looks out over the recently planted cannabis farm from her ATV. Her pinot noir grapevines are growing to her right.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kathy Joseph looks out over the recently planted cannabis farm from her ATV. Her pinot noir grapevines are growing to her right. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We may lose crop because we can't protect it,\" Joseph says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph, and other Santa Barbara County\u003ca href=\"https://www.concernedcarpinterians.com/uploads/1/2/4/0/124047528/press_release__hoops_litigation_.pdf\"> residents in the southern city of Carpinteria\u003c/a>, say the county has been excessively permissive toward cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767541\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Vintner Kathy Joseph has learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis, forcing her to use a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vintner Kathy Joseph has learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis, forcing her to use a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I have nothing against cannabis. It existed whether it was legal or not legal, and this just allows it to be controlled a little bit more responsibly,\" Joseph says. \"But that isn't what happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB64\"> passed Proposition 64 in 2016\u003c/a> with 57% of voters in favor of legalizing recreational marijuana, but regulation of cannabis cultivation was left largely up to the counties. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than half of California's counties decided to ban recreational cannabis cultivation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.counties.org/county-cannabis-ordinances\">according to local ordinances\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the counties that do permit cannabis cultivation, Santa Barbara has issued the most legal permits in the state. Proposition 64 banned licenses for over\u003ca href=\"https://static.cdfa.ca.gov/MCCP/document/2017%201228%20Licensing%20Workshop%20Presentation.pdf\"> 1 acre of land until 2023\u003c/a>, but farmers can still \"stack\" licenses or combine small permits for neighboring plots of land. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"800\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/ca-cannabis-permits-20190808/\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's what the cannabis farmer neighboring Fiddlestix Vineyard did. John De Friel has nearly 100 separate permits for neighboring plots of land, creating two of the largest legal pot farms in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says conflicts with other farmers are as old as agriculture itself. He's just the latest newcomer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just farmers learning to farm next to each other, which is not new for California,\" De Friel says of his Raw Garden farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the heart of his operation, there is a warehouse full of shipping container-sized refrigerators. Here, he and his team examine and crossbreed thousands of seeds in pursuit of the perfect cannabis plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our focus really has been just asking what can this plant do?\" De Friel says. \"How many different traits are there to make measurements on? How do we make the best measurements?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He takes the same scientific and strategic approach to most things. For example, when California legalized recreational pot, he called each of the Santa Barbara County supervisors and went to 65 planning meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Fiddlestix Vineyard sits right next to John De Friel's cannabis farm's hoop houses.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767542\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fiddlestix Vineyard sits right next to John De Friel's cannabis farm's hoop houses. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We participated in the political process, we went to public meetings, we gave feedback,\" De Friel says, \"We exercised our First Amendment right to the freedom of speech.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county listened to De Friel and other cannabis farmers and passed one of the most\u003ca href=\"http://cannabis.countyofsb.org/\"> cultivation-friendly ordinances\u003c/a> in the state. Up until July, Santa Barbara didn't have a cap on the number of acres that could be cultivated countywide. County Supervisor Das Williams says the county aimed to bring as much cannabis farming as possible into the legal sector. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe we were a little too permissive at first,\" Williams says. \"Now we're getting to be more restrictive.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other traditional California agriculture is also facing challenges living side by side with the new crop. In Carpinteria, avocado farmers are facing a similar dilemma as north county winemakers. Scott Van Der Kar has an avocado, lemon and cherimoya farm and can't spray the pesticides he has been using for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Van Der Kar shows the scarring caused by avocado thrips after he couldn't spray his usual pesticides.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scott Van Der Kar shows the scarring caused by avocado thrips after he couldn't spray his usual pesticides. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Trying to accommodate the cannabis growers is really difficult for us, the growers who have been here who have a food crop,\" Van Der Kar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But cannabis isn't a new crop to California or Santa Barbara County, it's just newly regulated and newly taxable. Peter Rupert teaches economics at UC Santa Barbara and studies the economics of cannabis. His findings suggest the county's wine is\u003ca href=\"https://www.sbcountywines.com/uploads/2/2/1/6/22166752/2018.pdf\"> valued at about $120 million\u003c/a>, while its cannabis is worth about $180 million, but on a tiny\u003ca href=\"https://efp.ucsb.edu/Cannabis/implan_InitialAssessment.pdf\"> fraction of the land\u003c/a>. He says the county is positioning itself to earn significant tax dollars from cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Growing here in California is easy,\" Rupert says. \"My guess is once they open interstate commerce in cannabis, you know California will really take over.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But farmers and winemakers like Kathy Joseph say they hope the budding industry won't hurt traditional crops in the meantime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Unlike food crops, cannabis can't be sold if there's any trace of fungicide or pesticide in it, according to state law.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1565808718,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1007},"headData":{"title":"California's Largest Legal Weed Farms Face Conflict From Winemakers | KQED","description":"Unlike food crops, cannabis can't be sold if there's any trace of fungicide or pesticide in it, according to state law.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California's Largest Legal Weed Farms Face Conflict From Winemakers","datePublished":"2019-08-14T18:19:16.000Z","dateModified":"2019-08-14T18:51:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11767522 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11767522","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/08/14/californias-largest-legal-weed-farms-face-conflict-in-wine-country/","disqusTitle":"California's Largest Legal Weed Farms Face Conflict From Winemakers","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Claire Heddles","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Claire Heddles\u003cbr />NPR\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"NPR","path":"/news/11767522/californias-largest-legal-weed-farms-face-conflict-in-wine-country","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Santa Rita Hills, nestled in Santa Barbara County, are ideal for pinot noir, a notoriously finicky grape. That's why Kathy Joseph came here to plant Fiddlestix Vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"marijuana","label":"More Coverage of Marijuana in California "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plants are over 20 years old, which comes through in the wines we make. The topography is just right; the proximity to the ocean is incredible,\" Joseph says. \"Difficult to find a pinot noir district this good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighboring grape vines extend to the west as far as the eye can see. In the other direction, there's a new neighbor in town. This spring, a cannabis farmer started building hoop houses on the 100-acre parcel. So far, a quarter of the land is growing pot. Joseph has seen plenty of vegetable farms there before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've lived together with other vegetables, lettuces and cauliflower, and broccoli and snap peas, and walnuts very happily,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this new crop is different. In June, Joseph learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis. Unlike food crops, cannabis can't be sold if there's any trace of fungicide or pesticide in it,\u003ca href=\"https://bcc.ca.gov/about_us/documents/17-261_required_testing_chart.pdf\"> according to state law\u003c/a>. So while the county investigates, she's using a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767540\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"Kathy Joseph looks out over the recently planted cannabis farm from her ATV. Her pinot noir grapevines are growing to her right.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kathy Joseph looks out over the recently planted cannabis farm from her ATV. Her pinot noir grapevines are growing to her right. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We may lose crop because we can't protect it,\" Joseph says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph, and other Santa Barbara County\u003ca href=\"https://www.concernedcarpinterians.com/uploads/1/2/4/0/124047528/press_release__hoops_litigation_.pdf\"> residents in the southern city of Carpinteria\u003c/a>, say the county has been excessively permissive toward cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767541\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Vintner Kathy Joseph has learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis, forcing her to use a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/kathy-joseph2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vintner Kathy Joseph has learned that the fungicide she has been spraying on her grapes for decades could be drifting onto the cannabis, forcing her to use a more expensive and far less effective spray on the grapevines that are nearest to the cannabis farm. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I have nothing against cannabis. It existed whether it was legal or not legal, and this just allows it to be controlled a little bit more responsibly,\" Joseph says. \"But that isn't what happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB64\"> passed Proposition 64 in 2016\u003c/a> with 57% of voters in favor of legalizing recreational marijuana, but regulation of cannabis cultivation was left largely up to the counties. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than half of California's counties decided to ban recreational cannabis cultivation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.counties.org/county-cannabis-ordinances\">according to local ordinances\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the counties that do permit cannabis cultivation, Santa Barbara has issued the most legal permits in the state. Proposition 64 banned licenses for over\u003ca href=\"https://static.cdfa.ca.gov/MCCP/document/2017%201228%20Licensing%20Workshop%20Presentation.pdf\"> 1 acre of land until 2023\u003c/a>, but farmers can still \"stack\" licenses or combine small permits for neighboring plots of land. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"800\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/ca-cannabis-permits-20190808/\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's what the cannabis farmer neighboring Fiddlestix Vineyard did. John De Friel has nearly 100 separate permits for neighboring plots of land, creating two of the largest legal pot farms in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says conflicts with other farmers are as old as agriculture itself. He's just the latest newcomer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just farmers learning to farm next to each other, which is not new for California,\" De Friel says of his Raw Garden farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the heart of his operation, there is a warehouse full of shipping container-sized refrigerators. Here, he and his team examine and crossbreed thousands of seeds in pursuit of the perfect cannabis plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our focus really has been just asking what can this plant do?\" De Friel says. \"How many different traits are there to make measurements on? How do we make the best measurements?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He takes the same scientific and strategic approach to most things. For example, when California legalized recreational pot, he called each of the Santa Barbara County supervisors and went to 65 planning meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Fiddlestix Vineyard sits right next to John De Friel's cannabis farm's hoop houses.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767542\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/fiddlestix-vineyards-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fiddlestix Vineyard sits right next to John De Friel's cannabis farm's hoop houses. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We participated in the political process, we went to public meetings, we gave feedback,\" De Friel says, \"We exercised our First Amendment right to the freedom of speech.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county listened to De Friel and other cannabis farmers and passed one of the most\u003ca href=\"http://cannabis.countyofsb.org/\"> cultivation-friendly ordinances\u003c/a> in the state. Up until July, Santa Barbara didn't have a cap on the number of acres that could be cultivated countywide. County Supervisor Das Williams says the county aimed to bring as much cannabis farming as possible into the legal sector. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe we were a little too permissive at first,\" Williams says. \"Now we're getting to be more restrictive.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other traditional California agriculture is also facing challenges living side by side with the new crop. In Carpinteria, avocado farmers are facing a similar dilemma as north county winemakers. Scott Van Der Kar has an avocado, lemon and cherimoya farm and can't spray the pesticides he has been using for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Van Der Kar shows the scarring caused by avocado thrips after he couldn't spray his usual pesticides.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/scott-van-der-kar-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scott Van Der Kar shows the scarring caused by avocado thrips after he couldn't spray his usual pesticides. \u003ccite>(Claire Heddles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Trying to accommodate the cannabis growers is really difficult for us, the growers who have been here who have a food crop,\" Van Der Kar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But cannabis isn't a new crop to California or Santa Barbara County, it's just newly regulated and newly taxable. Peter Rupert teaches economics at UC Santa Barbara and studies the economics of cannabis. His findings suggest the county's wine is\u003ca href=\"https://www.sbcountywines.com/uploads/2/2/1/6/22166752/2018.pdf\"> valued at about $120 million\u003c/a>, while its cannabis is worth about $180 million, but on a tiny\u003ca href=\"https://efp.ucsb.edu/Cannabis/implan_InitialAssessment.pdf\"> fraction of the land\u003c/a>. He says the county is positioning itself to earn significant tax dollars from cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Growing here in California is easy,\" Rupert says. \"My guess is once they open interstate commerce in cannabis, you know California will really take over.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But farmers and winemakers like Kathy Joseph say they hope the budding industry won't hurt traditional crops in the meantime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11767522/californias-largest-legal-weed-farms-face-conflict-in-wine-country","authors":["byline_news_11767522"],"categories":["news_1758","news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_19963","news_102","news_19895","news_21169","news_21765"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11767523","label":"source_news_11767522"},"news_11669159":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11669159","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11669159","score":null,"sort":[1526671220000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-winemakers-nervous-about-u-s-china-trade-talks","title":"California Winemakers Nervous About U.S.-China Trade Talks","publishDate":1526671220,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Trade talks are going on in Washington, D.C., between China and the U.S. in an effort to avert an all-out trade war. Among those closely watching are California's winemakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitnapavalley.com/articles/post/international-visitation-to-the-napa-valley-increased-by-62-percent-from-2014-to-2016/\">visitors come to Napa Valley from China\u003c/a> than any other foreign country, and some wineries actively court Chinese customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.robertmondaviwinery.com/mandarin-signature-tour\">Mondavi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.beringer.com/en/visit/mandarin-tours\">Beringer\u003c/a> host frequent Mandarin-language tours, and other wineries have menus in Chinese. At the tasting room at \u003ca href=\"http://www.honigwine.com/\">Honig Winery\u003c/a> in Rutherford, there are Chinese signs, including ads for a door-to-door international delivery service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a balcony overlooking his vineyard, Michael Honig points to row upon row of grapes that will eventually become sauvignon blanc and cabernet. Both are among the wines that his winery sends to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past decade, U.S. wine exports to \"greater\" China, including Taiwan, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/03232018\">rose 450 percent\u003c/a>. But last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/02/598870076/what-chinese-tariffs-targeting-american-crops-will-mean-for-farmers\">China slapped a tariff\u003c/a> on U.S. wine, and other food and agricultural products, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is now one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovercaliforniawines.com/u-s-wine-exports-total-1-53-billion-in-2017/?t=popup\">top export destinations\u003c/a> for U.S. wine, the vast majority of which comes from California. But, before the latest tariff spat, the combined taxes and tariffs for importing them to China were already more than 48 percent. On top of that, importers, distributors and retailers in China have to make a profit, too, and there are also shipping and warehousing costs. This already means a huge markup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our price point in the U.S. for our Napa cab, for example, it's roughly $50 on the shelf,\" Honig says. \"In China, it's more than double. It's over $100 on the shelf in China.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now there's a 15 percent tariff increase. Most Chinese consumers haven't felt the sting of the new prices yet because stores there are still stocked with pre-tariff wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/612115771/612253770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Zhang, who runs a company called \u003ca href=\"https://m.weibo.cn/p/1005056009747504\">Napa Go\u003c/a>, which markets U.S. wines in China, says the big wine-drinking season is around Chinese New Year. The spring is usually a good time to restock, but this year some importers are delaying their purchases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of the tariff increase, there are a good amount of wine being put on hold in the inventory from the U.S., not shipping to China,\" Zhang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importers want to make sure there will be enough demand at the new prices. Honig winery had an annual shipment -- worth hundreds of thousands of dollars -- scheduled for this month. That's now on hold until the fall. Likewise, \u003ca href=\"https://wentevineyards.com/\">Wente Vineyards\u003c/a> in Livermore has $500,000 in wine shipments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese study-abroad student Kai Feng Chen was visiting a vineyard outside Calistoga recently. He said his friends who have traveled to Napa know how good the wine is and will likely continue to buy it. But if the tariffs boost the prices for people back home in China, that would make those wines less popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">How Worried Should California Winemakers Be About China's Tariffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS11744_IMG_0004-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"If you have [a] $500 budget for wine, most Chinese I believe would choose French wine instead of American wine,\" Chen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And French wines are not the only competition, Honig says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you look at other wines from around the world -- New Zealand, Australia, Chile -- they either have zero tariffs or going to zero tariffs next year, as it relates to China. We're going up. It doesn't make any sense,\" the winemaker says. \"We're not gonna go out of business because we don't sell wine in China, but I think the bigger challenge is we're going the wrong direction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few wineries have opted to temporarily take on the entire hit of the new tariffs themselves, fearing a lost market share now might take them years to build back. Other wineries are splitting the cost burden with importers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, winemakers from around the world will converge in Hong Kong for \u003ca href=\"http://www.vinexpohongkong.com/visit/the-exhibition/\">one of the largest wine shows of the year\u003c/a>. Many California winemakers are hoping trade talks will be resolved by then, so they can continue to make inroads into this growing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California+Winemakers+Nervous+About+U.S.-China+Trade+Talks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"China is one of the top export destinations for U.S. wine. But last month, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum, China imposed a tariff on U.S. wine and other food.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1526682363,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":694},"headData":{"title":"California Winemakers Nervous About U.S.-China Trade Talks | KQED","description":"China is one of the top export destinations for U.S. wine. But last month, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum, China imposed a tariff on U.S. wine and other food.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California Winemakers Nervous About U.S.-China Trade Talks","datePublished":"2018-05-18T19:20:20.000Z","dateModified":"2018-05-18T22:26:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11669159 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11669159","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/05/18/california-winemakers-nervous-about-u-s-china-trade-talks/","disqusTitle":"California Winemakers Nervous About U.S.-China Trade Talks","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Eric Risberg","nprByline":"Shia Levitt","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"612115771","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=612115771&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/18/612115771/california-winemakers-nervous-about-u-s-china-trade-talks?ft=nprml&f=612115771","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 18 May 2018 13:34:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 18 May 2018 05:57:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 18 May 2018 13:34:21 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/05/20180518_me_chinese_tariffs_napa_wine.mp3?orgId=150&topicId=1003&d=231&p=3&story=612115771&ft=nprml&f=612115771","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1612253770-58e8c1.m3u?orgId=150&topicId=1003&d=231&p=3&story=612115771&ft=nprml&f=612115771","path":"/news/11669159/california-winemakers-nervous-about-u-s-china-trade-talks","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/05/20180518_me_chinese_tariffs_napa_wine.mp3?orgId=150&topicId=1003&d=231&p=3&story=612115771&ft=nprml&f=612115771","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Trade talks are going on in Washington, D.C., between China and the U.S. in an effort to avert an all-out trade war. Among those closely watching are California's winemakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitnapavalley.com/articles/post/international-visitation-to-the-napa-valley-increased-by-62-percent-from-2014-to-2016/\">visitors come to Napa Valley from China\u003c/a> than any other foreign country, and some wineries actively court Chinese customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.robertmondaviwinery.com/mandarin-signature-tour\">Mondavi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.beringer.com/en/visit/mandarin-tours\">Beringer\u003c/a> host frequent Mandarin-language tours, and other wineries have menus in Chinese. At the tasting room at \u003ca href=\"http://www.honigwine.com/\">Honig Winery\u003c/a> in Rutherford, there are Chinese signs, including ads for a door-to-door international delivery service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a balcony overlooking his vineyard, Michael Honig points to row upon row of grapes that will eventually become sauvignon blanc and cabernet. Both are among the wines that his winery sends to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past decade, U.S. wine exports to \"greater\" China, including Taiwan, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/03232018\">rose 450 percent\u003c/a>. But last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/02/598870076/what-chinese-tariffs-targeting-american-crops-will-mean-for-farmers\">China slapped a tariff\u003c/a> on U.S. wine, and other food and agricultural products, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is now one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovercaliforniawines.com/u-s-wine-exports-total-1-53-billion-in-2017/?t=popup\">top export destinations\u003c/a> for U.S. wine, the vast majority of which comes from California. But, before the latest tariff spat, the combined taxes and tariffs for importing them to China were already more than 48 percent. On top of that, importers, distributors and retailers in China have to make a profit, too, and there are also shipping and warehousing costs. This already means a huge markup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our price point in the U.S. for our Napa cab, for example, it's roughly $50 on the shelf,\" Honig says. \"In China, it's more than double. It's over $100 on the shelf in China.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now there's a 15 percent tariff increase. Most Chinese consumers haven't felt the sting of the new prices yet because stores there are still stocked with pre-tariff wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/612115771/612253770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Zhang, who runs a company called \u003ca href=\"https://m.weibo.cn/p/1005056009747504\">Napa Go\u003c/a>, which markets U.S. wines in China, says the big wine-drinking season is around Chinese New Year. The spring is usually a good time to restock, but this year some importers are delaying their purchases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of the tariff increase, there are a good amount of wine being put on hold in the inventory from the U.S., not shipping to China,\" Zhang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importers want to make sure there will be enough demand at the new prices. Honig winery had an annual shipment -- worth hundreds of thousands of dollars -- scheduled for this month. That's now on hold until the fall. Likewise, \u003ca href=\"https://wentevineyards.com/\">Wente Vineyards\u003c/a> in Livermore has $500,000 in wine shipments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese study-abroad student Kai Feng Chen was visiting a vineyard outside Calistoga recently. He said his friends who have traveled to Napa know how good the wine is and will likely continue to buy it. But if the tariffs boost the prices for people back home in China, that would make those wines less popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">How Worried Should California Winemakers Be About China's Tariffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS11744_IMG_0004-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"If you have [a] $500 budget for wine, most Chinese I believe would choose French wine instead of American wine,\" Chen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And French wines are not the only competition, Honig says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you look at other wines from around the world -- New Zealand, Australia, Chile -- they either have zero tariffs or going to zero tariffs next year, as it relates to China. We're going up. It doesn't make any sense,\" the winemaker says. \"We're not gonna go out of business because we don't sell wine in China, but I think the bigger challenge is we're going the wrong direction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few wineries have opted to temporarily take on the entire hit of the new tariffs themselves, fearing a lost market share now might take them years to build back. Other wineries are splitting the cost burden with importers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, winemakers from around the world will converge in Hong Kong for \u003ca href=\"http://www.vinexpohongkong.com/visit/the-exhibition/\">one of the largest wine shows of the year\u003c/a>. Many California winemakers are hoping trade talks will be resolved by then, so they can continue to make inroads into this growing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California+Winemakers+Nervous+About+U.S.-China+Trade+Talks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11669159/california-winemakers-nervous-about-u-s-china-trade-talks","authors":["byline_news_11669159"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18378","news_1323","news_333","news_6850","news_4981","news_21040","news_1275","news_21765"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11669160","label":"source_news_11669159"},"news_11631909":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11631909","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11631909","score":null,"sort":[1511135931000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"family-biz-for-frey-vineyards-its-business-not-as-usual-after-wine-country-wildfires","title":"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires","publishDate":1511135931,"format":"image","headTitle":"Family Biz | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Molly McCalla scours the ruins of the Frey family vineyard looking for her black cat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire rushed over the hill so fast that there was no time to get the cat before they fled. But McCalla has been leaving food where the cat's home used to be, and she's seen some paw prints in the ashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Purusha!” she calls, with a long roll on the R. \"Mrow mrow!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCalla, her husband and their son had about five minutes to pile into the back of a pickup truck and leave the night of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we woke up, I thought we were going to die,” McCalla says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main road out was completely blocked by flames, so they had to go the other way -- up the hill, down a treacherous dirt road and over seven creek crossings -- to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire was like a lion, roaring 10 feet away from me,” recalls Osiris Frey, McCalla’s son. “It was very, very loud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Osiris was named for the Egyptian god of the afterlife. At 10 years old, he can handle the responsibility of his name. He was the one who saw the wall of flames approaching and told his parents they should evacuate right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 10 years old, but it was a really intense experience for my life,” he says.\u003cbr>\n[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/11/TCRMagFreyFamilyVineyard3.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Molly-McCalla-and-Osiris-Frey-800x600.jpg\" Title=\"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four generations of the Frey family live and work at the Redwood Valley vineyard – the \u003ca href=\"http://www.freywine.com/\">first organic and biodynamic winery \u003c/a>in the country. The night the October wildfires broke out, 64 people were sleeping on the land, including family and employees. Everyone got out safely, from the 93-year old matriarch, Beba Frey, to her two-year-old great-granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All but two homes on the land were destroyed. The winery offices, the bottling line and the tasting room are now rubble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the wine is okay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The metal-roofed warehouse holding about 10,000 cases of bottled wine survived, and 154 stainless steel tanks that can hold 1 million gallons of wine came through intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see some of them, the jackets on the tanks got charred pretty good,” says McCalla, as she surveys the destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Charred-wine-tank-e1510956947644.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631920 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Charred-wine-tank-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the stainless steel wine tanks were blackened by the fire. But the wine inside is okay. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fire rushed through so fast, it didn’t have time to damage the wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think of how long it takes to boil a big pot of water on your stove,” said Katrina Frey, the vineyard’s executive director and one of the founders. “Obviously there’s a huge amount of thermal mass in one of those tanks, so they were not overheated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery’s reliance on steel tanks ultimately protected their wine from wildfire. As an organic winery, they cannot age their wines in wooden barrels. Air seeps through the wood, which would mean using non-organic sulfites to prevent oxidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The business is not destroyed,\" Frey says. \"We have a bright future, but we also lost sales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, they’d be bottling wine two or three days a week this time of year. Now, they're planning to hire a mobile bottling plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would have done that by now except all the labels burned up as well,” Frey explains. “So we had to re-order a year’s worth of labels and capsules and corks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Frey-Vineyard-e1510957848754.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631930 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Frey-Vineyard-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Redwood Valley fire washed through these vines at Frey Vineyard. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for the grapes on the vines, about half had already been harvested before the fire and were stored safely in the steel tanks. Many vines outside the fire zone survived unscathed, but about 10 percent of grapes in Redwood Valley burned on the vine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frey is worried that some of what’s left might be smoke-flavored. That's a concern shared by all the vineyards in the fire regions in Mendocino, Sonoma and Napa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone is sending their early wines to labs where there’s testing for smoke taint,” Frey says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.winespectator.com/webfeature/show/id/Understanding-Smoke-Taint-in-Wine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smoke damage\u003c/a> occurs on the molecular level, and sometimes the smoke aroma or ash flavor isn’t released until fermentation or until a bottle of wine is opened. So wineries can’t tell right now if grapes are tainted just by sniffing or tasting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone is segregating the crops as they come in, so that if there is evidence of smoke taint, we cannot use those tanks,” Frey says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the harvest must go on. People are back at work, driving grape harvesters, de-stemming and crushing grapes, salvaging what they can. The air smells like young wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It keeps everybody busy. And it keeps our mind off the depths [of the losses],” says Tom Brower, aka Tombo, a tractor driver and carpenter at the vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Brower-e1510957262357.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631917 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Brower-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Brower drives a grape harvester and does carpentry at Frey Vineyards. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He lived one ranch over from the vineyard and lost everything he owns in the fire. He, his 12-year-old son and all their neighbors had to flee from the fire that claimed \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/09/touch-football-and-a-middle-school-crush-after-the-fire-8th-graders-remember-classmate-kai-shepherd/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nine lives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody is sort of holding it in,” he says. “Little by little, you let it out, and you cry with your friends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everywhere Brower goes, he sees something that’s gone. He’d just built a new redwood deck around the tasting room in September, right before the wave of tourists usually shows up for the fall harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I oiled it nicely with Brazilian rosewood oil. I was proud of it,” he says. “It didn’t last very long.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d just rebuilt a footbridge over the creek after heavy rains caused a huge oak tree to fall and wipe out the original.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then the fire destroyed it again,” he says, with a little laugh. “Like, geez! Do I have to do it a third time? And I probably will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Browers-hands-e1510957140154.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631914 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Browers-hands-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hands of Tom Brower, a carpenter at Frey Vineyards. He spent much of his childhood farming. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Molly McCalla, it’s the barn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her job on the farm for the last decade was raising a family of about 10 goats. She walked them through the vineyards every day, and their manure was used to make the biodynamic compost that feeds the vines. The barn they were sleeping in collapsed in the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first goat was born the day after I gave birth on the land to my son, who’s 10,” she says. “They all had names. Some had middle and last names.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s strange, but she says she feels blessed knowing the goats are gone. Knowing her home is gone. Getting closure around those losses has allowed her to start thinking about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before she can truly move on, she needs to find out what happened to her little black cat.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The fire moved so fast that it didn't have time to damage the wine. But the rest of the operation wasn't as lucky.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1511279303,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":1265},"headData":{"title":"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires | KQED","description":"The fire moved so fast that it didn't have time to damage the wine. But the rest of the operation wasn't as lucky.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires","datePublished":"2017-11-19T23:58:51.000Z","dateModified":"2017-11-21T15:48:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11631909 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11631909","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/19/family-biz-for-frey-vineyards-its-business-not-as-usual-after-wine-country-wildfires/","disqusTitle":"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/11/TCRMagFreyFamilyVineyard3.mp3","path":"/news/11631909/family-biz-for-frey-vineyards-its-business-not-as-usual-after-wine-country-wildfires","audioDuration":304000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Molly McCalla scours the ruins of the Frey family vineyard looking for her black cat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire rushed over the hill so fast that there was no time to get the cat before they fled. But McCalla has been leaving food where the cat's home used to be, and she's seen some paw prints in the ashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Purusha!” she calls, with a long roll on the R. \"Mrow mrow!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCalla, her husband and their son had about five minutes to pile into the back of a pickup truck and leave the night of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we woke up, I thought we were going to die,” McCalla says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main road out was completely blocked by flames, so they had to go the other way -- up the hill, down a treacherous dirt road and over seven creek crossings -- to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire was like a lion, roaring 10 feet away from me,” recalls Osiris Frey, McCalla’s son. “It was very, very loud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Osiris was named for the Egyptian god of the afterlife. At 10 years old, he can handle the responsibility of his name. He was the one who saw the wall of flames approaching and told his parents they should evacuate right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 10 years old, but it was a really intense experience for my life,” he says.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/11/TCRMagFreyFamilyVineyard3.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Molly-McCalla-and-Osiris-Frey-800x600.jpg","title":"Family Biz: For Frey Vineyards, It's Business Not-as-Usual After Wine Country Wildfires","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four generations of the Frey family live and work at the Redwood Valley vineyard – the \u003ca href=\"http://www.freywine.com/\">first organic and biodynamic winery \u003c/a>in the country. The night the October wildfires broke out, 64 people were sleeping on the land, including family and employees. Everyone got out safely, from the 93-year old matriarch, Beba Frey, to her two-year-old great-granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All but two homes on the land were destroyed. The winery offices, the bottling line and the tasting room are now rubble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the wine is okay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The metal-roofed warehouse holding about 10,000 cases of bottled wine survived, and 154 stainless steel tanks that can hold 1 million gallons of wine came through intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see some of them, the jackets on the tanks got charred pretty good,” says McCalla, as she surveys the destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Charred-wine-tank-e1510956947644.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631920 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Charred-wine-tank-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the stainless steel wine tanks were blackened by the fire. But the wine inside is okay. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fire rushed through so fast, it didn’t have time to damage the wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think of how long it takes to boil a big pot of water on your stove,” said Katrina Frey, the vineyard’s executive director and one of the founders. “Obviously there’s a huge amount of thermal mass in one of those tanks, so they were not overheated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery’s reliance on steel tanks ultimately protected their wine from wildfire. As an organic winery, they cannot age their wines in wooden barrels. Air seeps through the wood, which would mean using non-organic sulfites to prevent oxidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The business is not destroyed,\" Frey says. \"We have a bright future, but we also lost sales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, they’d be bottling wine two or three days a week this time of year. Now, they're planning to hire a mobile bottling plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would have done that by now except all the labels burned up as well,” Frey explains. “So we had to re-order a year’s worth of labels and capsules and corks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Frey-Vineyard-e1510957848754.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631930 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Frey-Vineyard-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Redwood Valley fire washed through these vines at Frey Vineyard. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for the grapes on the vines, about half had already been harvested before the fire and were stored safely in the steel tanks. Many vines outside the fire zone survived unscathed, but about 10 percent of grapes in Redwood Valley burned on the vine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frey is worried that some of what’s left might be smoke-flavored. That's a concern shared by all the vineyards in the fire regions in Mendocino, Sonoma and Napa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone is sending their early wines to labs where there’s testing for smoke taint,” Frey says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.winespectator.com/webfeature/show/id/Understanding-Smoke-Taint-in-Wine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smoke damage\u003c/a> occurs on the molecular level, and sometimes the smoke aroma or ash flavor isn’t released until fermentation or until a bottle of wine is opened. So wineries can’t tell right now if grapes are tainted just by sniffing or tasting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone is segregating the crops as they come in, so that if there is evidence of smoke taint, we cannot use those tanks,” Frey says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the harvest must go on. People are back at work, driving grape harvesters, de-stemming and crushing grapes, salvaging what they can. The air smells like young wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It keeps everybody busy. And it keeps our mind off the depths [of the losses],” says Tom Brower, aka Tombo, a tractor driver and carpenter at the vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Brower-e1510957262357.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631917 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Brower-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Brower drives a grape harvester and does carpentry at Frey Vineyards. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He lived one ranch over from the vineyard and lost everything he owns in the fire. He, his 12-year-old son and all their neighbors had to flee from the fire that claimed \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/09/touch-football-and-a-middle-school-crush-after-the-fire-8th-graders-remember-classmate-kai-shepherd/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nine lives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody is sort of holding it in,” he says. “Little by little, you let it out, and you cry with your friends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everywhere Brower goes, he sees something that’s gone. He’d just built a new redwood deck around the tasting room in September, right before the wave of tourists usually shows up for the fall harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I oiled it nicely with Brazilian rosewood oil. I was proud of it,” he says. “It didn’t last very long.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d just rebuilt a footbridge over the creek after heavy rains caused a huge oak tree to fall and wipe out the original.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then the fire destroyed it again,” he says, with a little laugh. “Like, geez! Do I have to do it a third time? And I probably will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11631914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Browers-hands-e1510957140154.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11631914 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/Tom-Browers-hands-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hands of Tom Brower, a carpenter at Frey Vineyards. He spent much of his childhood farming. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Molly McCalla, it’s the barn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her job on the farm for the last decade was raising a family of about 10 goats. She walked them through the vineyards every day, and their manure was used to make the biodynamic compost that feeds the vines. The barn they were sleeping in collapsed in the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first goat was born the day after I gave birth on the land to my son, who’s 10,” she says. “They all had names. Some had middle and last names.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s strange, but she says she feels blessed knowing the goats are gone. Knowing her home is gone. Getting closure around those losses has allowed her to start thinking about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before she can truly move on, she needs to find out what happened to her little black cat.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11631909/family-biz-for-frey-vineyards-its-business-not-as-usual-after-wine-country-wildfires","authors":["3205"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"series":["news_22031","news_22032"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8"],"tags":["news_22033","news_333","news_21773","news_17286","news_3799","news_4463","news_21765","news_3797"],"featImg":"news_11631913","label":"news_72"},"news_11622229":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11622229","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11622229","score":null,"sort":[1507671063000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"share-your-california-wildfire-story","title":"Share Your California Wildfire Story","publishDate":1507671063,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Multiple wildfires have been burning throughout Northern California since Sunday, Oct. 8. The deadly wildfires have been some of the worst in state history. If you were impacted by the fires, or know someone who was, we'd like to hear your story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fill out the form below -- where you can also share your photos and videos -- and a KQED reporter may be in touch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://bit.ly/2wMzcsi\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"At least 16 fires are burning throughout Northern California, with thousands of structures burned and many thousands of people evacuated.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1508535414,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":71},"headData":{"title":"Share Your California Wildfire Story | KQED","description":"At least 16 fires are burning throughout Northern California, with thousands of structures burned and many thousands of people evacuated.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Share Your California Wildfire Story","datePublished":"2017-10-10T21:31:03.000Z","dateModified":"2017-10-20T21:36:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11622229 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11622229","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/10/share-your-california-wildfire-story/","disqusTitle":"Share Your California Wildfire Story","path":"/news/11622229/share-your-california-wildfire-story","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Multiple wildfires have been burning throughout Northern California since Sunday, Oct. 8. The deadly wildfires have been some of the worst in state history. If you were impacted by the fires, or know someone who was, we'd like to hear your story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fill out the form below -- where you can also share your photos and videos -- and a KQED reporter may be in touch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://bit.ly/2wMzcsi\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11622229/share-your-california-wildfire-story","authors":["11310"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_4462","news_2520","news_21773","news_21774","news_21766","news_4337","news_21765"],"featImg":"news_11624598","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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