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She holds a BA in english literature from King's College, Cambridge, and a Masters in Dramaturgy from the Central School of Speech and Drama/Harvard Institute for Advanced Theater Training.\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.chloeveltman.com\">www.chloeveltman.com\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"chloeveltman","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Chloe Veltman | KQED","description":"Arts and Culture Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cveltman"},"tmosley":{"type":"authors","id":"11373","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11373","found":true},"name":"Tonya Mosley","firstName":"Tonya","lastName":"Mosley","slug":"tmosley","email":"tmosley@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Tonya Mosley is a former Silicon Valley bureau chief for KQED. She served as the senior editor, leading a team of journalists covering the impacts of technology companies on the South Bay and society. Tonya is also a former host and reporter for KQED.\r\n\r\nPrior to KQED, Tonya served as a television reporter & anchor for several media outlets, including Al Jazeera America.\r\n\r\nIn 2015, Tonya was awarded a John S. Knight Journalism Fellowship at Stanford University where she co-created a workshop for journalists on the impacts of implicit bias, and co-wrote a Belgian/American experimental study on the effects of protest coverage.\r\n\r\nTonya has won several national awards for her work, most recently an Emmy Award in 2016 for her televised piece \"Beyond Ferguson,\" and a national Edward R. Murrow award for her public radio series \"Black in Seattle.\"\r\n\r\nYou can reach Tonya at: tmosley@kqed.org.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0b2ea2bbfed6bafaacd21e9398c68e5e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"tonyamosley","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"about","roles":["author"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Tonya Mosley | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0b2ea2bbfed6bafaacd21e9398c68e5e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0b2ea2bbfed6bafaacd21e9398c68e5e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/tmosley"},"ahall":{"type":"authors","id":"11490","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11490","found":true},"name":"Alex Hall","firstName":"Alex","lastName":"Hall","slug":"ahall","email":"ahall@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","bio":"Alex Hall is KQED's Enterprise and Accountability Reporter. She previously covered the Central Valley for five years from KQED's bureau in Fresno. Before joining KQED, Alex was an investigative reporting fellow at Wisconsin Public Radio and the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism. She has also worked as a bilingual producer for NPR's investigative unit and freelance video producer for Reuters TV on the Latin America desk. She got her start in journalism in South America, where she worked as a radio producer and Spanish-English translator for CNN Chile. Her documentary and investigation into the series of deadly COVID-19 outbreaks at Foster Farms won a national Edward R. Murrow award and was named an Investigative Reporters & Editors award finalist. Alex's reporting for Reveal on the Wisconsin dairy industry's reliance on undocumented immigrant labor was made into a film, Los Lecheros, which won a regional Edward R. Murrow award for best news documentary.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@chalexhall","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alex Hall | KQED","description":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ahall"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11952237":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11952237","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11952237","score":null,"sort":[1686052890000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"murder-the-military-and-radicalization-how-much-is-tied-to-a-lack-of-support-for-veterans","title":"Murder, the Military and Radicalization: How Much Is Tied to a Lack of Support for Veterans?","publishDate":1686052890,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Murder, the Military and Radicalization: How Much Is Tied to a Lack of Support for Veterans? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Jessie Rush, Kenny Miksch and Simon Sage Ybarra were sentenced to six months in prison after admitting they destroyed evidence of their communication with fellow boogaloo militia member Steven Carrillo, who murdered two law enforcement officers as a racial uprising gripped California and the nation. Carrillo was captured on June 6, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]teven Carrillo saw the three sheriff’s deputies talking on the narrow, one-lane road leading to his father’s house in Ben Lomond, a small community in the Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concealed by the forest and gripping his rifle, Carrillo could hear them coordinating their approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s Office was responding to a call about a white van with ammunition and bomb-making supplies that were visible through a window to a man installing game cameras around a nearby wooded property. The vehicle’s registration led officers to a one-room house with potted plants and a gun rack on the porch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years ago today, on June 6, 2020, Carrillo was cornered. A week earlier, the active-duty Air Force sergeant had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">killed a Federal Protective Service officer and wounded his partner in a drive-by shooting\u003c/a> in front of the Ronald V. Dellums Federal Building in Oakland as a large protest moved through the streets nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11824604 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Carrillo-van-oakland-1020x631.jpg']Carrillo took out his phone and messaged members of the “1st Detachment, 1st California Grizzly Scouts,” a group of men he met on Facebook. The group associated itself with the anti-government \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2021/01/27/who-are-boogaloos-who-were-visible-capitol-and-later-rallies\">boogaloo movement\u003c/a>, which originated online and became a rallying point for those who believe a second Civil War looms. Adherents toted guns and wore Hawaiian shirts, which the movement has co-opted, at protests following George Floyd’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks before Carrillo’s rampage, the Grizzly Scouts had discussed violent confrontations with the government and attacks on law enforcement in group messages, prosecutors said. The group also trained together at a property in the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were looking for me. They found me by pure luck,” Carrillo wrote from his hideout, requesting backup. “Kit up and get here. There’s only one road in/out. Take them out when they’re coming in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dude. How the f— can we get to you in an hour,” one member responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re waiting for reinforcements. I’m listening to them,” Carrillo replied. “Dudes, I offed a fed. They’re staging. Come help. I have cameras everywhere here. They’re waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessie Rush, a then-28-year-old U.S. Army veteran and the group’s founder, responded with an order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dillo,” Rush wrote, using Carrillo’s code name, “factory reset your phone and exfil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Exfil\u003c/em> — short for exfiltration, a military term for the removal of units from an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo ignored the directive. Instead, he opened fire with his modified assault rifle, fatally wounding one officer and sending the other two running into the woods. They radioed to try to warn others of the ambush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before fleeing, Carrillo engaged in a shoot-out with California Highway Patrol officers who answered the distress call. He carjacked a Toyota Camry and ran over one of the Santa Cruz deputies on his way down the mountain. Shot in the hip, Carrillo used his own blood to write messages on the car — “Boog,” “Stop the duopoly” and “I became unreasonable” — before abandoning it. He was ultimately arrested in a backyard after neighbors tackled and restrained him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to prosecutors, the Grizzly Scouts moved quickly to delete evidence of their communication and files about the group’s structure and activity. But it was too late. Rush and two other members \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndca/pr/four-militia-group-members-plead-guilty-obstruction-justice-conspiracy\">later pleaded guilty\u003c/a> to one count of conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings. All three were sentenced to six months in prison. A fourth member pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice charges in addition to an unrelated charge. He was sentenced to more than 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo was given a life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Michael Jensen, senior researcher, University of Maryland National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START)\"]‘This is not an uncommon story that we see in the veterans and the data that we’ve collected who [have been] radicalized to the point of committing crimes.’[/pullquote]In the three years since he was captured, significant attention has focused on Carrillo and his murders as well as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohenmilstein.com/case-study/underwood-v-meta-platforms-inc-facebook\">the role social media played in connecting him with other extremists\u003c/a>. But scarce information is available about Rush, who grew up in Gilroy and created the Grizzly Scouts, gave the group its military structure and recruited Carrillo and other men throughout Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who knew Rush told KQED they were puzzled by the charges against him. A firefighter and EMT who worked in private security, Rush worked alongside former law enforcement officers, and friends said he never openly expressed anti-police sentiment to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush and his attorney declined to be interviewed for this story. But a deep look into Rush’s background paints a portrait of a veteran seeking the camaraderie and sense of purpose he once found in the armed forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11952311\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two men in military fatigues, one holding a firearm, pose for a photo.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1275\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-1536x1020.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessie Rush (right) sits on a newly constructed deck at Combat Outpost Qeysar, Afghanistan, in 2011, while the soldier beside him does tricep dips. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nathan Goodall)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To report this story, KQED interviewed veterans, including several who served with Rush, researchers and a California lawmaker who called for Congressional hearings on the recruitment of veterans by extremist groups, to find out how vulnerable former soldiers are — and what steps the United States government is taking to identify at-risk veterans like Rush and provide them support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not an uncommon story that we see in the veterans and the data that we’ve collected who [have been] radicalized to the point of committing crimes,” said Dr. Michael Jensen, senior researcher at the University of Maryland’s National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, or START.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2022 START study, on average, 6.9 individuals with military backgrounds committed crimes motivated by ideology per year from 1990 to 2010. Over the past decade, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23830338-start-research-brief-april-2023\">that number has quintupled (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 17% of defendants charged in connection to the Jan. 6, 2021, insurrection were current or former service members, including eight from California, according to START. For comparison, about 7% of the country’s adult population are veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Excluding the Jan. 6 cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23830338-start-research-brief-april-2023\">the rate of crimes committed by people with military backgrounds (PDF)\u003c/a> and motivated by political, social, religious or economic goals has more than tripled since 2010. The majority of cases are centered in the veteran community, as opposed to active-duty military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Stewart Rhodes, a former Army paratrooper and Yale Law School graduate who founded the far-right militia group the Oath Keepers, was convicted of seditious conspiracy and other charges for crimes related to the breach of the U.S. Capitol. On May 25, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/25/us/politics/oath-keepers-stewart-rhodes-sentenced.html\">he was sentenced to 18 years in prison\u003c/a>. An Anti-Defamation League analysis of Oath Keepers membership data identified 117 active-duty military and estimated 1 in 10 had prior service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='extremism,veterans']In January, three active-duty Marines were charged with crimes related to their alleged involvement on Jan. 6. One of the men, based at Camp Pendleton in Southern California, wrote in an Instagram direct message that he was “waiting for the boogaloo” or “Civil war 2,” according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, an Air National Guardsman suspected of leaking a trove of national security documents on the online platform Discord was arrested in Massachusetts. Federal court documents show Jack Teixeira, 21, possessed a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23824103-teixeira-governments-supplemental-motion\">virtual arsenal of weapons (PDF)\u003c/a>” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23824102-teixeira-declaration-of-luke-church-fbi-special-agent\">had discussed acts of violence online (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to prosecutors and the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of April 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/sites/default/files/splc-2021-year-in-hate-extremism-report.pdf\">there were 45 anti-government groups, including four militias, active in California (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center. Exactly how many veterans have been involved in extremist groups in the state is unknown due to the lack of consistent data, said Jon Lewis, research fellow at the Program on Extremism at George Washington University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unlike cases stemming from support for foreign terrorist organizations like ISIS or al-Qaida, group membership in the Oath Keepers, Proud Boys, boogaloo movement, etc., is secondary and not a predicate for the criminal offense,” Lewis said. “We can identify cases in which that affiliation or ideology is explicitly identified, but it’s naturally limited by the failures of the federal and state governments to publicly share information related to these statistics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, not long after rioters stormed the Capitol, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin \u003ca href=\"https://media.defense.gov/2021/Feb/05/2002577485/-1/-1/0/STAND-DOWN-TO-ADDRESS-EXTREMISM-IN-THE-RANKS.PDF\">ordered a military-wide stand-down to discuss extremism in the ranks (PDF)\u003c/a>. The House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs began a series of hearings investigating the issue later that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the types of things we can do to help prevent veterans from dying by suicide are the very same things we can do to help veterans avoid being pulled into extremist and violent groups,” said Rep. Mark Takano, D-Riverside, the top Democrat on the committee who called for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832964-house-committee-on-veterans-affairs-the-importance-of-peer-support-in-preventing-domestic-violent-extremism\">the hearings (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Takano began looking into the issue in 2019 after a hearing about online scams targeting veterans led to research on which other groups target vets, according to a former member of his staff. Groups like the Oath Keepers, Proud Boys and Three Percenters \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-veterans.house.gov/imo/media/doc/Extremism%20Report.pdf\">target veterans because of their combat and weapons experience and the air of credibility they bring (PDF)\u003c/a> to an organization, according to an accompanying report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to raise our level of support for veterans to reduce these sort of upstream stressors that can lead to some veterans turning toward extremism,” said Takano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the hearings exposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhHK4O7opHw\">sharp disagreement\u003c/a> in the federal government over whether time and resources should be allocated to understanding the problem — and whether one even exists. Republicans, including Mike Bost of Illinois, who is now the committee’s chair, said the hearings \u003ca href=\"https://veterans.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=5922\">unfairly stigmatized veterans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11952322 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up of two middle-aged men in blue suits outside on a sunny day, both with trim, dark haircuts. The man on the right, who appears Latino, speaks into the ear of the other, who appears Asian. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Mark Takano (left) speaks with Rep. Raul Ruiz during a 2021 news conference with other members of the House Veterans Affairs’ Committee. \u003ccite>(Caroline Brehman/CQ-Roll Call via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In July 2022, a Senate Armed Services Committee report \u003ca href=\"https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/fy23_ndaa_bill_report.pdf\">called for an immediate halt to defense programs looking into extremism (PDF)\u003c/a>, adding, “spending additional time and resources to combat exceptionally rare instances of extremism in the military is an inappropriate use of taxpayer funds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans voted overwhelmingly in favor of the language while Democrats voted against it. One independent lawmaker tipped the balance in favor of the GOP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months later, all House-passed provisions calling for further investigation of extremism in the military and broader society were \u003ca href=\"https://rollcall.com/2022/12/14/final-ndaa-removes-most-house-provisions-on-hate-groups/\">scaled back or removed from the final 2023 National Defense Authorization Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Defense Department spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/3400498/sabrina-singh-deputy-press-secretary-holds-a-press-briefing/\">told reporters last month\u003c/a> that only one of the six recommendations issued by the agency’s Countering Extremism Working Group, created in the wake of Jan. 6, has been enacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, researchers say that while the involvement of veterans and active-duty military in criminal extremism is limited, it’s a problem that could be growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at the veteran population in our data set, there are really two types of veterans that radicalize: individuals that are looking for the camaraderie, the sense of purpose, the friendships that they had in the military,” Jensen said. “And they find it in these extremist organizations, groups like the Oath Keepers and Three Percenter organizations and the boogaloo movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second type typically experience mental health issues such as combat-related PTSD, in addition to that same desire for camaraderie and purpose, according to Jensen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s unclear exactly which factors drew Rush to the boogaloo movement, documents from multiple state and federal court cases reviewed by KQED, as well as interviews with military and extremism experts and people who knew Rush, point to numerous factors — social isolation, PTSD, challenges translating combat skills to the civilian workforce, relationship difficulties and unhealed trauma — that could have played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a text message from a KQED reporter, Rush, who was released from a federal prison in Santa Barbara County in November, wrote that he wanted to move on with his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made my mistakes,” he wrote. “I did my time, and I’m paying my debt to society.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Set up for failure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“On the couch.” That’s the phrase Jack Griffith uses to describe the veterans he works with who need his help the most. In other words, those who are depressed, disinterested and unmotivated to leave the house or do much of anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s why a lot of people make jokes about veterans living in their mom’s basement,” said Griffith, who runs Protecting Soldiers’ Rights, a nonprofit that assists veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury, or TBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not coming out because of social anxiety,” he added. “They may have survivor’s guilt, they may have situational awareness that is going off all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951954 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man with a long graying beard and shaved head leans against the edge of an above-ground swimming pool in the backyard of a home. He has tattoos on his arms and holds a cigarette in his left hands, and he wears baggy dark blue jeans and a dark gray sweatshirt.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veterans advocate Jack Griffith in his backyard in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One afternoon last fall, Griffith, 41, sat at a wrought-iron table in his backyard in rural Turlock. As hummingbirds flitted around the porch, the stay-at-home dad with icy blue eyes and a long, scraggly beard lit a Camel cigarette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often, a cloud of dust drifted over the fence and coated the cars in the driveway as the farmer next door drove a tractor through his orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith served in the Army from 2008–2011 and deployed to Afghanistan. In 2009, he was awarded a Purple Heart after the vehicle he was riding in was hit by a 300-pound roadside bomb and he had to be medevaced out. Griffith started Protecting Soldiers’ Rights in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, he receives about 10 calls a week from veterans, including some from out of state. They call with legal questions or questions about benefits. Some call on the verge of a panic attack. Many, like Rush, come over to Griffith’s house to sit in the backyard, smoke cigarettes and just talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time the two met in February 2019, Rush wasn’t “on the couch.” But Griffith suspected he was headed there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell he was reminiscent of his military service. I’m reminiscent,” Griffith said, holding back tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Anonymous veteran who served in Afghanistan with Jessie Rush\"]‘How do you convert kicking down doors and knowing how to kill people … How do you convert that into civilian work? You can’t. Unless you’re a security guard or a police officer.’[/pullquote]Rush was a cannon crewmember in the Army from November 2009–March 2014 and deployed to Afghanistan in March 2011. That year, the Gilroy Dispatch published a letter from Rush’s mother about her son’s unit distributing school supplies to Afghan children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would like to share the following story about the humanity of war and the hearts of our soldiers in Afghanistan,” Christina Soares wrote. “Through all the bad they still made time to do good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years later, Soares \u003ca href=\"http://documentcloud.org/documents/23832068-christina-soares-letter\">wrote another letter (PDF)\u003c/a>. This time, it was addressed to U.S. District Judge James Donato. Soares described Rush’s difficult childhood, his father’s abuse, the time he spent in an orphanage and foster care, and his time in the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After deployment Jessie came home and I knew he was different,” Soares wrote. “He no longer had that twinkle in his eye or the innocence in his smile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one instance, when Rush was home on leave and heard neighbors setting off fireworks, he “hit the floor in the fetal position and cried out for his brothers,” according to the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a December 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834701-defendants-sentencing-memo-and-motion-for-variance\">sentencing memo (PDF)\u003c/a>, Rush’s attorney, Adam Pennella, wrote that Rush “observed carnage and death on a daily basis” in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This included attempting to save a civilian whose intestines were falling out by holding them in place with his hands,” Pennella wrote. “Others in his unit were injured and killed, including one of his closest friends from basic training. Then in the years after discharge, multiple of his friends from the military died (one from an overdose, another from a brain aneurism, and a third from suicide).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832993-fowler-letter\">another letter (PDF)\u003c/a> to Judge Donato, retired Army Sgt. Charles Fowler said that Rush had struggled with PTSD but the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs “did not offer Jessie much help in adjusting therapy or medications.” Fowler also wrote that he had talked with Rush about maintaining the skills they learned in the military, adding, “though we had to be careful because outside of the combat zone, we are not cleared to create our own rules of engagement to deal with items we deem as threats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, 29% of the men and women who served in Iraq and Afghanistan will experience symptoms of PTSD at some point in their lives. Carl Castro, director of Military and Veterans Programs at the University of Southern California’s Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work and a retired Army colonel, said PTSD is one of many factors that can lead a veteran to have an unsuccessful transition to civilian life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A veteran might question who they are and whether the sacrifices made in going to war were worth it, according to Castro. One way to regain that sense of identity is to utilize military skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to feel valued as a person,” Castro said. “And one way they do that is by joining an organization that values them, that will tell them, ‘We value you, you are important.’ And not only that, give them an important leadership role in the organization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One veteran who served in Afghanistan with Rush and spoke to KQED on condition of anonymity because of concerns about speaking publicly about a sensitive criminal case, said when he heard about Rush’s case, he wasn’t surprised someone from his unit had been involved in extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all get set up for failure going into the armed forces,” he said. “Twenty-four seven, 365, we literally thought someone was going to cut our head off or shoot us. That can change the rest of your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a soldier leaves the military, he added, job prospects can be limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you convert kicking down doors and knowing how to kill people — and I can march with 20–30 pounds on my back, I can take apart a gun with my eyes closed in two minutes — how do you convert that into civilian work? You can’t. Unless you’re a security guard or a police officer,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Rush’s family for comment were unsuccessful. In a Facebook message, Soares responded to a question about her son with, “You’re wasting your time ma’am.” After a reporter left a business card at Rush’s apartment, a woman identifying herself as “Julie” left a voicemail saying the reporter would be pepper-sprayed if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a year after Griffith met Rush, Rush launched the Grizzly Scouts. “They say the west won’t boog, were [sic] here to gather like minded Californians who can network and establish local goon squads,” Rush wrote in the description of the Facebook group he started, according to prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that whole group, whatever the group was, it was more role-play for him,” Griffith said. “I’m afraid that maybe he was trying to impress. I’m hoping he was trying to impress. I just never saw it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paid to be paranoid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jerame Ayers sat behind the wheel of a white Jeep pickup truck at an intersection in Modesto and pointed out things the student beside him should be mindful of while working a private security protection job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at people in their cars,” Ayers said. “Keep an eye out for people doing anything unusual.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ayers, 46, wore a black baseball cap with a patch on the front showing the silhouette of a rifle over an American flag. The radio was tuned to SiriusXM Patriot. The two were driving to a mock protest scenario, part of the curriculum at the Academy for Professional Development, the Modesto trade school Ayers, an Army veteran, owns and operates. The school offers EMT and private security training courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is, everybody becomes paranoid who goes through my training. It never turns off,” he said. “You get paid to be paranoid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951971\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951971 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A photo taken from the backseat of a vehicle from behind the driver's side. Blurry in the foreground, and in focus in the rearview mirror, we see a light-skinned man in a black baseball cap driving and looking to the right.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerame Ayers, CEO of the Academy for Professional Development, teaches an executive protection class in Modesto on Nov. 14, 2022. Executive protection provides security for politicians, celebrities and anyone needing protection against public threats. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2019, shortly after he met Griffith, Rush enrolled in Ayers’ 30-day security specialist course, where students learn to guard high-profile clients like CEOs, politicians and celebrities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a career path, protection is popular with veterans who already possess some of the necessary skills, Ayers said. Jobs in the field can bridge the gap between combat and a return to civilian employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what I kind of teach them is reintegration,” Ayers said. “But do not let the warrior mindset fade off, because you’re going to need that in this industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush taught EMT classes at the school and began working jobs in private security, an industry he was well suited for but one that “exacerbated his paranoia and vigilance,” according to his attorney Pennella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from periodically visiting his father, Rush mostly kept to himself, Griffith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jessie didn’t have a community,” Griffith said. “Jessie had an apartment. And he had a wife. And he had me and Jerame after that. He didn’t have people to have his back around here. He didn’t have people to even hang out with around here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush found his community online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"William Braniff, director, START\"]‘[T]hink about the cyclical pattern in the United States of wars and wars ending, and then a small number of disgruntled, or perhaps traumatized, or otherwise disenfranchised veterans coming home from that war and engaging in domestic violent extremism. This is the story of the KKK … There’s a pattern here.’[/pullquote]According to a June 2022 report filed in state court on Carrillo’s “social history and mental decline,” Carrillo found Rush and the Grizzly Scouts in April 2020. After Carrillo joined Facebook groups in support of Second Amendment protections and libertarian ideals, the platform’s algorithm suggested other groups he might be interested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them was /K/alifornia Kommando, the Facebook group run by Rush, where prosecutors say he recruited for the Grizzly Scouts. Rush invited Carrillo to the Grizzly Scouts’ group chats and asked Carrillo to sign a liability release, a nondisclosure agreement and an employment application that requested information about Carrillo’s military experience. Rush also sent Carrillo a packing list for an in-person meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo later described the Grizzly Scouts as a “paramilitary organization that viewed police as the enemy.” The group was mostly made up of veterans upset with the government for various reasons, including the state of the veteran health care system, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11952314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of a web-based document, with some text highlighted in yellow.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1275\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-1536x1020.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In this graphic first obtained and published by ProPublica, UC Berkeley Journalism’s Investigative Reporting Program and Frontline, candidates for the Grizzly Scouts are asked to provide details of their prior military experience and firearms training. \u003ccite>(Courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/i-felt-hate-more-than-anything-how-an-active-duty-airman-tried-to-start-a-civil-war\">ProPublica\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Court records show members of the group were given ranks. As commanding officer, Rush held the rank of major. Robert Jesus Blancas, a transient Castro Valley resident, was responsible for security and intelligence, while Kenny Miksch of San Lorenzo was in charge of training and firearms instruction. They were named first lieutenants. Simon Sage Ybarra of Los Gatos held the rank of corporal and was responsible for recruitment. Carrillo was made staff sergeant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22123771/indictment.pdf\">Members discussed tactics for killing police in a WhatsApp group chat labeled “209 Goon HQ” (PDF)\u003c/a>, a reference to the Central Valley area code, according to a March 2021 indictment. At one point, Rush messaged another member: “The gov spent 100s of thousands of dollars on training me, im gonna use that shit,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23558592-jessie-alexander-rush-government-sentencing-memorandum\">court records show (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2020, Rush invited Carrillo to a secluded ranch east of Turlock and told him to bring guns, ammunition, a burner phone and other supplies. Carrillo met with the Grizzly Scouts twice — around May 9 and May 16. He returned home “energized and ecstatic, keenly focused on the mission of the group, and agitated about police misconduct,” Carrillo’s then-girlfriend said, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith and Ayers said Rush invited them to hang out with the Grizzly Scouts, but they declined. Neither thought the group was anything unusual. When Griffith asked Rush who would be there, he said Rush responded, “Like-minded people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951953 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged white man with a long, scraggly beard reaches over a chest-high wire fence to pet the nose of a white mutt, whose nose is in the air to reach the man's hand. They are surrounded by a scrubby lawn of dirt and grass, and sunlight filters through light green tree cover behind them, alongside a one-story shed with beige siding.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jack Griffith pets his dog at his home in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Data show 84% of people with military backgrounds who committed extremist crimes from 1990 to 2021 did so after leaving the military. On average, crimes were committed 15 years after discharge, according to START.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most infamous examples of violent extremism in U.S. history is the April 19, 1995, bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Hundreds of people were injured by the blast that killed 168, 19 of whom were children. The perpetrator, Timothy McVeigh, was an Army veteran, private security guard and white supremacist assisted by a man he met in basic training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not illogical if you think about the cyclical pattern in the United States of wars and wars ending, and then a small number of disgruntled, or perhaps traumatized, or otherwise disenfranchised veterans coming home from that war and engaging in domestic violent extremism,” said William Braniff, director of START. “This is the story of the KKK, both after the Civil War, but then after World War I and II, in Korea and Vietnam. There’s a pattern here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Buckley, an Army veteran who was a member of the Ku Klux Klan from 2013 to 2016 and now helps young people deradicalize as an intervention specialist with the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.parents4peace.org/our-team/\">Parents for Peace\u003c/a>, said there’s no shortage of reasons why veterans get involved in extremism. Buckley told KQED his own radicalization began inside the military. Learning to dehumanize his enemy was a tool that served him well emotionally in combat, but was never deactivated, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I come home with this hatred towards Muslims that was left completely unchecked,” said Buckley. “Then about six months after I got home, I started to have my experiences with PTSD. And I started to really break down mentally. Couple that with substance abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he needed help, the KKK was there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t come at me with pitchforks, burning crosses and robes,” said Buckley, who testified in front of the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs in March 2022. “They were like, ‘Hey, man, what’s going on, bro? Like, you need help with Christmas? Here’s some food, bro. Let’s take care of your family before we talk about what we do.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the first time anybody had reached out to help me. The VA wasn’t,” Buckley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to an email asking what the VA is doing to support veterans vulnerable to recruitment by extremist groups, Press Secretary Terrence Hayes said the agency is committed to educating veterans on how to identify disinformation and predatory practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like any group of Americans, the Veteran community is not a monolith. The overwhelming majority of Veterans neither commit nor condone extremism-related violence,” he wrote. “VA will take action where necessary to abide by laws that protect our country against a tiny minority committed to domestic violent extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicholas Sanders, who served as a medic in Afghanistan alongside Rush and is now a nurse in Texas, said groups like the Proud Boys and “other wannabe militias” prey on veterans searching for belonging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got out of the military, I worked at a military surplus store, and it was weekly,” he said. “People are handing me their cards like, ‘Hey, you know, we’ve got this club,’ or ‘We’ve got this group. We meet up on the weekends, bring your family and do all this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders was initially attracted to the displays of camaraderie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then you start reading into it. You’re looking at their pictures and it’s like, ‘Oh, there’s only white people in here,’” he said. “It’s the equivalent of a gang to me. Gangs don’t prey on well-established people. Gangs prey on people that are looking for that acceptance and approval.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I offed a fed’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In May 2020, the Grizzly Scouts prepared for an operation at a protest in Sacramento, according to prosecutors. Members distributed an “Operations Order” that identified law enforcement as “enemy forces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 27, 2020, Carrillo and Ybarra met behind a gas station in Los Gatos to assemble an assault rifle in the back of Carrillo’s van. The next day, Carrillo contacted Ybarra about attending a protest in Oakland, to “snipe some you know what’s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ybarra didn’t respond. Instead he reached out to Rush, saying, “just wanted to make sure we are on the same page, and that targeting innocents doesn’t fly with me even if they are wearing a badge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush agreed, but said, “yea we need to actually develop targets and cases, be smart. They want war, then we bring em war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23558592-jessie-alexander-rush-government-sentencing-memorandum\">He went on (PDF)\u003c/a>: “We can start developing case files, gathering intel, and doing it just like big bro does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“im not about the fireworks,” he continued. “im more like a surgeon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 29, 2020, Carrillo rode to Oakland in a white van, allegedly driven by Robert Alvin Justus Jr., another man he met online. As they drove past the Federal Building, Carrillo flung open the sliding door and unloaded a fusillade of bullets toward two Federal Protective Service officers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">killing David Patrick Underwood, 53, and wounding Sombat Mifkovic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week later, Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s deputies were in Ben Lomond responding to a call about a white van with weapons inside. Carrillo ambushed the officers, killing Sgt. Damon Gutzwiller, 38, and wounding Deputy Alex Spencer, 32 at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that day, Ybarra drove to Turlock to meet with Rush, prosecutors said, and group members conspired to erase conversations from their phones in which they discussed attacking police. Blancas destroyed Dropbox files related to the group’s structure, onboarding and operations, telling Ybarra a month later, “All physical files I had were literally burned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He removed our platform and robbed our message,” Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832071-govuscourtscand375526170_1\">wrote to the Grizzly Scouts (PDF)\u003c/a>, referring to Carrillo. “Unfortunately we would almost have to wait for the next one. Which is disgusting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Grizzly Scouts switched to a new messaging platform they thought would be more secure, according to prosecutors. A couple of weeks later, Rush began contacting members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jump on [another communication’s platform] if you miss us were [sic] reinventing and if you wanna be apart [sic] of it we’d love to have you back,” Rush said to one member, according to court documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enough\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On an overcast afternoon last September, firearm enthusiasts inside a gun show at the Stanislaus County Fairgrounds perused tables stacked with Army fatigues, old tactical manuals, knives and bulletproof vests. Every so often, a loud jolt came from a corner where a stun gun was being demoed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one booth, a man and a woman wearing “California State Militia, 2nd Regiment” T-shirts answered a young man’s questions. Across the aisle, a group of men browsed ammunition magazines modified to hold no more than 10 rounds, per California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he browsed the exhibits, stopping occasionally to talk with vendors, Ayers said he believed Rush may have talked about violence that he didn’t actually plan to carry out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vets, we all get together and hang out,” Ayers said. “I think he got in over his head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, when coverage of Carrillo’s violence was on the news, Rush stopped by Ayers’ school and told him: “I know the two guys that are involved in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951952 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man looks seriously at the camera standing in front of a storefront at a strip mall next to a banner showing an insignia featuring a snake and two falcons. The man wears a black hat with an American flag, glasses, a dark fleece, and blue jeans.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerame Ayers stands outside his school in Modesto, on Nov. 14, 2022. The school offers executive protection, physical security and EMT classes. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘How’d that all go down?’ He’s like, ‘No, we all hung out. And those two individuals were at the place that we hung out,'” Ayers said. “I’m like, ‘I hope you’re not connected to them.’ He says, ‘I mean, other than meeting up with them, but I would never think they’d go do this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August that year, the FBI executed search warrants for Rush’s apartment and the homes of other Grizzly Scout members. When he found out about the raid, Ayers said he asked Rush if there was something he wasn’t telling him. “He’s like, ‘No,'” Ayers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith, too, remembered the raid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that was kind of where I was like, ‘This is federal territory, buddy,'” Griffith said. “We don’t touch this. This isn’t about PTSD and TBI. If the FBI is knocking [on] your door or kicking or whatever, that’s more serious than what we can handle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April 2021, Ayers said, he received a text from Rush saying FBI agents wanted to meet with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I said, ‘They didn’t arrest you then, and now they want to talk to you?’ I go, ‘If they are going to talk to you, go there, do what you’re supposed to do,” Ayers said. “You participate, you do what you’re told.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Griffith found out Rush was being summoned by federal agents, he drove to the meeting at a Turlock Police Department precinct to offer support. Rush was already handcuffed in the back of a black SUV when he arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834714-indictment\">other Grizzly Scout members were indicted (PDF)\u003c/a> on charges including conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings, destruction of records in official proceedings and obstruction of official proceedings. At sentencing, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834715-sentencing-transcript-rush-ybarra-miksch\">Rush told the court he was “fearful and paranoid” (PDF)\u003c/a> at the time he created the Grizzly Scouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was exposed to so much rhetoric that seemed contradictory,” he said. “Things that were being said by the government on social media, the state, and just in the news in general just seems like it was pushing back against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew O’Bryan, who served with Rush and stayed in contact with him, said the charges didn’t sound like Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He started [the group] so that veterans like him and me could have just a little bit of normalcy,” said O’Bryan, who wrote a letter on Rush’s behalf before sentencing. “He said that some guy in his group was apparently going off the deep end saying some crazy stuff, and that they all came after him because he was the one who put that stuff together just trying to help people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Rush, both Ybarra and Miksch pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings and were sentenced to six months in prison in May 2022. Both were released in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blancas was sentenced to 10 ½ years after pleading guilty to charges tied to the Grizzly Scouts case and explicit conversations with underage girls that FBI agents uncovered during a search of his electronic devices. He is currently serving time at a federal prison in Fort Worth, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo is incarcerated at Mule Creek State Prison in Ione in Amador County. Through his attorney in the federal case, he declined to be interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951972\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951972 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man with a long beard sits outdoors in the shade of a tree, at a table with a red table cloth. On the table in front of him are a pack of cigarettes, a lighter, a white mug, a cellphone, and a short stack of papers.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jack Griffith in his backyard in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By November, the hummingbirds in Griffith’s backyard were gone. A stack of magazines sat on the table wrinkled, having been left out in the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith looked at a text he had received the previous morning. It was from Rush. Out of prison, he asked if Griffith wanted to hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rose my hand, basically donating my life to this country,” Griffith said. “And that oath is not over. And it states foreign and domestic. That puts him in a column of which, if we were out in public, he would be a threat. We’re supposed to be on the same side and now I have to look at you as a threat. You’d be the one that I’m watching in a crowd.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days later, the two went on a drive. Rush was tight-lipped, Griffith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really feel like I wasn’t enough,” Griffith said, choking back tears. “This is just as shocking as losing someone to suicide that you thought was on the right path. You put in all that work. You think everything’s going one direction, and then either they’re gone or they’re so far offtrack you don’t even realize it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Many veterans feel left behind by Veterans Affairs — and more are committing crimes motivated by ideology, studies show. How much radicalization is in the ranks?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1686074292,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":142,"wordCount":6638},"headData":{"title":"Murder, the Military and Radicalization: How Much Is Tied to a Lack of Support for Veterans? | KQED","description":"Many veterans feel left behind by Veterans Affairs — and more are committing crimes motivated by ideology, studies show. How much radicalization is in the ranks?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/374d3469-dac8-45f6-9e8d-b019011a4902/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11952237/murder-the-military-and-radicalization-how-much-is-tied-to-a-lack-of-support-for-veterans","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Jessie Rush, Kenny Miksch and Simon Sage Ybarra were sentenced to six months in prison after admitting they destroyed evidence of their communication with fellow boogaloo militia member Steven Carrillo, who murdered two law enforcement officers as a racial uprising gripped California and the nation. Carrillo was captured on June 6, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>teven Carrillo saw the three sheriff’s deputies talking on the narrow, one-lane road leading to his father’s house in Ben Lomond, a small community in the Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concealed by the forest and gripping his rifle, Carrillo could hear them coordinating their approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s Office was responding to a call about a white van with ammunition and bomb-making supplies that were visible through a window to a man installing game cameras around a nearby wooded property. The vehicle’s registration led officers to a one-room house with potted plants and a gun rack on the porch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years ago today, on June 6, 2020, Carrillo was cornered. A week earlier, the active-duty Air Force sergeant had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">killed a Federal Protective Service officer and wounded his partner in a drive-by shooting\u003c/a> in front of the Ronald V. Dellums Federal Building in Oakland as a large protest moved through the streets nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11824604","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Carrillo-van-oakland-1020x631.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Carrillo took out his phone and messaged members of the “1st Detachment, 1st California Grizzly Scouts,” a group of men he met on Facebook. The group associated itself with the anti-government \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2021/01/27/who-are-boogaloos-who-were-visible-capitol-and-later-rallies\">boogaloo movement\u003c/a>, which originated online and became a rallying point for those who believe a second Civil War looms. Adherents toted guns and wore Hawaiian shirts, which the movement has co-opted, at protests following George Floyd’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks before Carrillo’s rampage, the Grizzly Scouts had discussed violent confrontations with the government and attacks on law enforcement in group messages, prosecutors said. The group also trained together at a property in the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were looking for me. They found me by pure luck,” Carrillo wrote from his hideout, requesting backup. “Kit up and get here. There’s only one road in/out. Take them out when they’re coming in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dude. How the f— can we get to you in an hour,” one member responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re waiting for reinforcements. I’m listening to them,” Carrillo replied. “Dudes, I offed a fed. They’re staging. Come help. I have cameras everywhere here. They’re waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessie Rush, a then-28-year-old U.S. Army veteran and the group’s founder, responded with an order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dillo,” Rush wrote, using Carrillo’s code name, “factory reset your phone and exfil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Exfil\u003c/em> — short for exfiltration, a military term for the removal of units from an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo ignored the directive. Instead, he opened fire with his modified assault rifle, fatally wounding one officer and sending the other two running into the woods. They radioed to try to warn others of the ambush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before fleeing, Carrillo engaged in a shoot-out with California Highway Patrol officers who answered the distress call. He carjacked a Toyota Camry and ran over one of the Santa Cruz deputies on his way down the mountain. Shot in the hip, Carrillo used his own blood to write messages on the car — “Boog,” “Stop the duopoly” and “I became unreasonable” — before abandoning it. He was ultimately arrested in a backyard after neighbors tackled and restrained him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to prosecutors, the Grizzly Scouts moved quickly to delete evidence of their communication and files about the group’s structure and activity. But it was too late. Rush and two other members \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndca/pr/four-militia-group-members-plead-guilty-obstruction-justice-conspiracy\">later pleaded guilty\u003c/a> to one count of conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings. All three were sentenced to six months in prison. A fourth member pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice charges in addition to an unrelated charge. He was sentenced to more than 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo was given a life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘This is not an uncommon story that we see in the veterans and the data that we’ve collected who [have been] radicalized to the point of committing crimes.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Michael Jensen, senior researcher, University of Maryland National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START)","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the three years since he was captured, significant attention has focused on Carrillo and his murders as well as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohenmilstein.com/case-study/underwood-v-meta-platforms-inc-facebook\">the role social media played in connecting him with other extremists\u003c/a>. But scarce information is available about Rush, who grew up in Gilroy and created the Grizzly Scouts, gave the group its military structure and recruited Carrillo and other men throughout Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who knew Rush told KQED they were puzzled by the charges against him. A firefighter and EMT who worked in private security, Rush worked alongside former law enforcement officers, and friends said he never openly expressed anti-police sentiment to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush and his attorney declined to be interviewed for this story. But a deep look into Rush’s background paints a portrait of a veteran seeking the camaraderie and sense of purpose he once found in the armed forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11952311\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two men in military fatigues, one holding a firearm, pose for a photo.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1275\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/032511_Rush_03-KQED-1536x1020.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessie Rush (right) sits on a newly constructed deck at Combat Outpost Qeysar, Afghanistan, in 2011, while the soldier beside him does tricep dips. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nathan Goodall)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To report this story, KQED interviewed veterans, including several who served with Rush, researchers and a California lawmaker who called for Congressional hearings on the recruitment of veterans by extremist groups, to find out how vulnerable former soldiers are — and what steps the United States government is taking to identify at-risk veterans like Rush and provide them support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not an uncommon story that we see in the veterans and the data that we’ve collected who [have been] radicalized to the point of committing crimes,” said Dr. Michael Jensen, senior researcher at the University of Maryland’s National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, or START.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2022 START study, on average, 6.9 individuals with military backgrounds committed crimes motivated by ideology per year from 1990 to 2010. Over the past decade, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23830338-start-research-brief-april-2023\">that number has quintupled (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 17% of defendants charged in connection to the Jan. 6, 2021, insurrection were current or former service members, including eight from California, according to START. For comparison, about 7% of the country’s adult population are veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Excluding the Jan. 6 cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23830338-start-research-brief-april-2023\">the rate of crimes committed by people with military backgrounds (PDF)\u003c/a> and motivated by political, social, religious or economic goals has more than tripled since 2010. The majority of cases are centered in the veteran community, as opposed to active-duty military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Stewart Rhodes, a former Army paratrooper and Yale Law School graduate who founded the far-right militia group the Oath Keepers, was convicted of seditious conspiracy and other charges for crimes related to the breach of the U.S. Capitol. On May 25, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/25/us/politics/oath-keepers-stewart-rhodes-sentenced.html\">he was sentenced to 18 years in prison\u003c/a>. An Anti-Defamation League analysis of Oath Keepers membership data identified 117 active-duty military and estimated 1 in 10 had prior service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"extremism,veterans"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In January, three active-duty Marines were charged with crimes related to their alleged involvement on Jan. 6. One of the men, based at Camp Pendleton in Southern California, wrote in an Instagram direct message that he was “waiting for the boogaloo” or “Civil war 2,” according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, an Air National Guardsman suspected of leaking a trove of national security documents on the online platform Discord was arrested in Massachusetts. Federal court documents show Jack Teixeira, 21, possessed a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23824103-teixeira-governments-supplemental-motion\">virtual arsenal of weapons (PDF)\u003c/a>” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23824102-teixeira-declaration-of-luke-church-fbi-special-agent\">had discussed acts of violence online (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to prosecutors and the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of April 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/sites/default/files/splc-2021-year-in-hate-extremism-report.pdf\">there were 45 anti-government groups, including four militias, active in California (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center. Exactly how many veterans have been involved in extremist groups in the state is unknown due to the lack of consistent data, said Jon Lewis, research fellow at the Program on Extremism at George Washington University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unlike cases stemming from support for foreign terrorist organizations like ISIS or al-Qaida, group membership in the Oath Keepers, Proud Boys, boogaloo movement, etc., is secondary and not a predicate for the criminal offense,” Lewis said. “We can identify cases in which that affiliation or ideology is explicitly identified, but it’s naturally limited by the failures of the federal and state governments to publicly share information related to these statistics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, not long after rioters stormed the Capitol, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin \u003ca href=\"https://media.defense.gov/2021/Feb/05/2002577485/-1/-1/0/STAND-DOWN-TO-ADDRESS-EXTREMISM-IN-THE-RANKS.PDF\">ordered a military-wide stand-down to discuss extremism in the ranks (PDF)\u003c/a>. The House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs began a series of hearings investigating the issue later that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the types of things we can do to help prevent veterans from dying by suicide are the very same things we can do to help veterans avoid being pulled into extremist and violent groups,” said Rep. Mark Takano, D-Riverside, the top Democrat on the committee who called for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832964-house-committee-on-veterans-affairs-the-importance-of-peer-support-in-preventing-domestic-violent-extremism\">the hearings (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Takano began looking into the issue in 2019 after a hearing about online scams targeting veterans led to research on which other groups target vets, according to a former member of his staff. Groups like the Oath Keepers, Proud Boys and Three Percenters \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-veterans.house.gov/imo/media/doc/Extremism%20Report.pdf\">target veterans because of their combat and weapons experience and the air of credibility they bring (PDF)\u003c/a> to an organization, according to an accompanying report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to raise our level of support for veterans to reduce these sort of upstream stressors that can lead to some veterans turning toward extremism,” said Takano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the hearings exposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhHK4O7opHw\">sharp disagreement\u003c/a> in the federal government over whether time and resources should be allocated to understanding the problem — and whether one even exists. Republicans, including Mike Bost of Illinois, who is now the committee’s chair, said the hearings \u003ca href=\"https://veterans.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=5922\">unfairly stigmatized veterans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11952322 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up of two middle-aged men in blue suits outside on a sunny day, both with trim, dark haircuts. The man on the right, who appears Latino, speaks into the ear of the other, who appears Asian. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66108_GettyImages-1233119349-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Mark Takano (left) speaks with Rep. Raul Ruiz during a 2021 news conference with other members of the House Veterans Affairs’ Committee. \u003ccite>(Caroline Brehman/CQ-Roll Call via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In July 2022, a Senate Armed Services Committee report \u003ca href=\"https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/fy23_ndaa_bill_report.pdf\">called for an immediate halt to defense programs looking into extremism (PDF)\u003c/a>, adding, “spending additional time and resources to combat exceptionally rare instances of extremism in the military is an inappropriate use of taxpayer funds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans voted overwhelmingly in favor of the language while Democrats voted against it. One independent lawmaker tipped the balance in favor of the GOP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months later, all House-passed provisions calling for further investigation of extremism in the military and broader society were \u003ca href=\"https://rollcall.com/2022/12/14/final-ndaa-removes-most-house-provisions-on-hate-groups/\">scaled back or removed from the final 2023 National Defense Authorization Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Defense Department spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/3400498/sabrina-singh-deputy-press-secretary-holds-a-press-briefing/\">told reporters last month\u003c/a> that only one of the six recommendations issued by the agency’s Countering Extremism Working Group, created in the wake of Jan. 6, has been enacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, researchers say that while the involvement of veterans and active-duty military in criminal extremism is limited, it’s a problem that could be growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at the veteran population in our data set, there are really two types of veterans that radicalize: individuals that are looking for the camaraderie, the sense of purpose, the friendships that they had in the military,” Jensen said. “And they find it in these extremist organizations, groups like the Oath Keepers and Three Percenter organizations and the boogaloo movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second type typically experience mental health issues such as combat-related PTSD, in addition to that same desire for camaraderie and purpose, according to Jensen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s unclear exactly which factors drew Rush to the boogaloo movement, documents from multiple state and federal court cases reviewed by KQED, as well as interviews with military and extremism experts and people who knew Rush, point to numerous factors — social isolation, PTSD, challenges translating combat skills to the civilian workforce, relationship difficulties and unhealed trauma — that could have played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a text message from a KQED reporter, Rush, who was released from a federal prison in Santa Barbara County in November, wrote that he wanted to move on with his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made my mistakes,” he wrote. “I did my time, and I’m paying my debt to society.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Set up for failure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“On the couch.” That’s the phrase Jack Griffith uses to describe the veterans he works with who need his help the most. In other words, those who are depressed, disinterested and unmotivated to leave the house or do much of anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s why a lot of people make jokes about veterans living in their mom’s basement,” said Griffith, who runs Protecting Soldiers’ Rights, a nonprofit that assists veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury, or TBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not coming out because of social anxiety,” he added. “They may have survivor’s guilt, they may have situational awareness that is going off all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951954 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man with a long graying beard and shaved head leans against the edge of an above-ground swimming pool in the backyard of a home. He has tattoos on his arms and holds a cigarette in his left hands, and he wears baggy dark blue jeans and a dark gray sweatshirt.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60385_011_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veterans advocate Jack Griffith in his backyard in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One afternoon last fall, Griffith, 41, sat at a wrought-iron table in his backyard in rural Turlock. As hummingbirds flitted around the porch, the stay-at-home dad with icy blue eyes and a long, scraggly beard lit a Camel cigarette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often, a cloud of dust drifted over the fence and coated the cars in the driveway as the farmer next door drove a tractor through his orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith served in the Army from 2008–2011 and deployed to Afghanistan. In 2009, he was awarded a Purple Heart after the vehicle he was riding in was hit by a 300-pound roadside bomb and he had to be medevaced out. Griffith started Protecting Soldiers’ Rights in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, he receives about 10 calls a week from veterans, including some from out of state. They call with legal questions or questions about benefits. Some call on the verge of a panic attack. Many, like Rush, come over to Griffith’s house to sit in the backyard, smoke cigarettes and just talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time the two met in February 2019, Rush wasn’t “on the couch.” But Griffith suspected he was headed there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell he was reminiscent of his military service. I’m reminiscent,” Griffith said, holding back tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘How do you convert kicking down doors and knowing how to kill people … How do you convert that into civilian work? You can’t. Unless you’re a security guard or a police officer.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Anonymous veteran who served in Afghanistan with Jessie Rush","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Rush was a cannon crewmember in the Army from November 2009–March 2014 and deployed to Afghanistan in March 2011. That year, the Gilroy Dispatch published a letter from Rush’s mother about her son’s unit distributing school supplies to Afghan children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would like to share the following story about the humanity of war and the hearts of our soldiers in Afghanistan,” Christina Soares wrote. “Through all the bad they still made time to do good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years later, Soares \u003ca href=\"http://documentcloud.org/documents/23832068-christina-soares-letter\">wrote another letter (PDF)\u003c/a>. This time, it was addressed to U.S. District Judge James Donato. Soares described Rush’s difficult childhood, his father’s abuse, the time he spent in an orphanage and foster care, and his time in the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After deployment Jessie came home and I knew he was different,” Soares wrote. “He no longer had that twinkle in his eye or the innocence in his smile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one instance, when Rush was home on leave and heard neighbors setting off fireworks, he “hit the floor in the fetal position and cried out for his brothers,” according to the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a December 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834701-defendants-sentencing-memo-and-motion-for-variance\">sentencing memo (PDF)\u003c/a>, Rush’s attorney, Adam Pennella, wrote that Rush “observed carnage and death on a daily basis” in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This included attempting to save a civilian whose intestines were falling out by holding them in place with his hands,” Pennella wrote. “Others in his unit were injured and killed, including one of his closest friends from basic training. Then in the years after discharge, multiple of his friends from the military died (one from an overdose, another from a brain aneurism, and a third from suicide).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832993-fowler-letter\">another letter (PDF)\u003c/a> to Judge Donato, retired Army Sgt. Charles Fowler said that Rush had struggled with PTSD but the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs “did not offer Jessie much help in adjusting therapy or medications.” Fowler also wrote that he had talked with Rush about maintaining the skills they learned in the military, adding, “though we had to be careful because outside of the combat zone, we are not cleared to create our own rules of engagement to deal with items we deem as threats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, 29% of the men and women who served in Iraq and Afghanistan will experience symptoms of PTSD at some point in their lives. Carl Castro, director of Military and Veterans Programs at the University of Southern California’s Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work and a retired Army colonel, said PTSD is one of many factors that can lead a veteran to have an unsuccessful transition to civilian life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A veteran might question who they are and whether the sacrifices made in going to war were worth it, according to Castro. One way to regain that sense of identity is to utilize military skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to feel valued as a person,” Castro said. “And one way they do that is by joining an organization that values them, that will tell them, ‘We value you, you are important.’ And not only that, give them an important leadership role in the organization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One veteran who served in Afghanistan with Rush and spoke to KQED on condition of anonymity because of concerns about speaking publicly about a sensitive criminal case, said when he heard about Rush’s case, he wasn’t surprised someone from his unit had been involved in extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all get set up for failure going into the armed forces,” he said. “Twenty-four seven, 365, we literally thought someone was going to cut our head off or shoot us. That can change the rest of your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a soldier leaves the military, he added, job prospects can be limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you convert kicking down doors and knowing how to kill people — and I can march with 20–30 pounds on my back, I can take apart a gun with my eyes closed in two minutes — how do you convert that into civilian work? You can’t. Unless you’re a security guard or a police officer,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Rush’s family for comment were unsuccessful. In a Facebook message, Soares responded to a question about her son with, “You’re wasting your time ma’am.” After a reporter left a business card at Rush’s apartment, a woman identifying herself as “Julie” left a voicemail saying the reporter would be pepper-sprayed if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a year after Griffith met Rush, Rush launched the Grizzly Scouts. “They say the west won’t boog, were [sic] here to gather like minded Californians who can network and establish local goon squads,” Rush wrote in the description of the Facebook group he started, according to prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that whole group, whatever the group was, it was more role-play for him,” Griffith said. “I’m afraid that maybe he was trying to impress. I’m hoping he was trying to impress. I just never saw it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paid to be paranoid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jerame Ayers sat behind the wheel of a white Jeep pickup truck at an intersection in Modesto and pointed out things the student beside him should be mindful of while working a private security protection job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at people in their cars,” Ayers said. “Keep an eye out for people doing anything unusual.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ayers, 46, wore a black baseball cap with a patch on the front showing the silhouette of a rifle over an American flag. The radio was tuned to SiriusXM Patriot. The two were driving to a mock protest scenario, part of the curriculum at the Academy for Professional Development, the Modesto trade school Ayers, an Army veteran, owns and operates. The school offers EMT and private security training courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is, everybody becomes paranoid who goes through my training. It never turns off,” he said. “You get paid to be paranoid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951971\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951971 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A photo taken from the backseat of a vehicle from behind the driver's side. Blurry in the foreground, and in focus in the rearview mirror, we see a light-skinned man in a black baseball cap driving and looking to the right.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60347_007_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerame Ayers, CEO of the Academy for Professional Development, teaches an executive protection class in Modesto on Nov. 14, 2022. Executive protection provides security for politicians, celebrities and anyone needing protection against public threats. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2019, shortly after he met Griffith, Rush enrolled in Ayers’ 30-day security specialist course, where students learn to guard high-profile clients like CEOs, politicians and celebrities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a career path, protection is popular with veterans who already possess some of the necessary skills, Ayers said. Jobs in the field can bridge the gap between combat and a return to civilian employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what I kind of teach them is reintegration,” Ayers said. “But do not let the warrior mindset fade off, because you’re going to need that in this industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush taught EMT classes at the school and began working jobs in private security, an industry he was well suited for but one that “exacerbated his paranoia and vigilance,” according to his attorney Pennella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from periodically visiting his father, Rush mostly kept to himself, Griffith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jessie didn’t have a community,” Griffith said. “Jessie had an apartment. And he had a wife. And he had me and Jerame after that. He didn’t have people to have his back around here. He didn’t have people to even hang out with around here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush found his community online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘[T]hink about the cyclical pattern in the United States of wars and wars ending, and then a small number of disgruntled, or perhaps traumatized, or otherwise disenfranchised veterans coming home from that war and engaging in domestic violent extremism. This is the story of the KKK … There’s a pattern here.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"William Braniff, director, START","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to a June 2022 report filed in state court on Carrillo’s “social history and mental decline,” Carrillo found Rush and the Grizzly Scouts in April 2020. After Carrillo joined Facebook groups in support of Second Amendment protections and libertarian ideals, the platform’s algorithm suggested other groups he might be interested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them was /K/alifornia Kommando, the Facebook group run by Rush, where prosecutors say he recruited for the Grizzly Scouts. Rush invited Carrillo to the Grizzly Scouts’ group chats and asked Carrillo to sign a liability release, a nondisclosure agreement and an employment application that requested information about Carrillo’s military experience. Rush also sent Carrillo a packing list for an in-person meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo later described the Grizzly Scouts as a “paramilitary organization that viewed police as the enemy.” The group was mostly made up of veterans upset with the government for various reasons, including the state of the veteran health care system, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11952314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11952314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of a web-based document, with some text highlighted in yellow.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1275\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/Grizzly-Scout-Selection-KQED-1536x1020.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In this graphic first obtained and published by ProPublica, UC Berkeley Journalism’s Investigative Reporting Program and Frontline, candidates for the Grizzly Scouts are asked to provide details of their prior military experience and firearms training. \u003ccite>(Courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/i-felt-hate-more-than-anything-how-an-active-duty-airman-tried-to-start-a-civil-war\">ProPublica\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Court records show members of the group were given ranks. As commanding officer, Rush held the rank of major. Robert Jesus Blancas, a transient Castro Valley resident, was responsible for security and intelligence, while Kenny Miksch of San Lorenzo was in charge of training and firearms instruction. They were named first lieutenants. Simon Sage Ybarra of Los Gatos held the rank of corporal and was responsible for recruitment. Carrillo was made staff sergeant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22123771/indictment.pdf\">Members discussed tactics for killing police in a WhatsApp group chat labeled “209 Goon HQ” (PDF)\u003c/a>, a reference to the Central Valley area code, according to a March 2021 indictment. At one point, Rush messaged another member: “The gov spent 100s of thousands of dollars on training me, im gonna use that shit,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23558592-jessie-alexander-rush-government-sentencing-memorandum\">court records show (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2020, Rush invited Carrillo to a secluded ranch east of Turlock and told him to bring guns, ammunition, a burner phone and other supplies. Carrillo met with the Grizzly Scouts twice — around May 9 and May 16. He returned home “energized and ecstatic, keenly focused on the mission of the group, and agitated about police misconduct,” Carrillo’s then-girlfriend said, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith and Ayers said Rush invited them to hang out with the Grizzly Scouts, but they declined. Neither thought the group was anything unusual. When Griffith asked Rush who would be there, he said Rush responded, “Like-minded people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951953 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged white man with a long, scraggly beard reaches over a chest-high wire fence to pet the nose of a white mutt, whose nose is in the air to reach the man's hand. They are surrounded by a scrubby lawn of dirt and grass, and sunlight filters through light green tree cover behind them, alongside a one-story shed with beige siding.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60383_007_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jack Griffith pets his dog at his home in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Data show 84% of people with military backgrounds who committed extremist crimes from 1990 to 2021 did so after leaving the military. On average, crimes were committed 15 years after discharge, according to START.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most infamous examples of violent extremism in U.S. history is the April 19, 1995, bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Hundreds of people were injured by the blast that killed 168, 19 of whom were children. The perpetrator, Timothy McVeigh, was an Army veteran, private security guard and white supremacist assisted by a man he met in basic training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not illogical if you think about the cyclical pattern in the United States of wars and wars ending, and then a small number of disgruntled, or perhaps traumatized, or otherwise disenfranchised veterans coming home from that war and engaging in domestic violent extremism,” said William Braniff, director of START. “This is the story of the KKK, both after the Civil War, but then after World War I and II, in Korea and Vietnam. There’s a pattern here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Buckley, an Army veteran who was a member of the Ku Klux Klan from 2013 to 2016 and now helps young people deradicalize as an intervention specialist with the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.parents4peace.org/our-team/\">Parents for Peace\u003c/a>, said there’s no shortage of reasons why veterans get involved in extremism. Buckley told KQED his own radicalization began inside the military. Learning to dehumanize his enemy was a tool that served him well emotionally in combat, but was never deactivated, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I come home with this hatred towards Muslims that was left completely unchecked,” said Buckley. “Then about six months after I got home, I started to have my experiences with PTSD. And I started to really break down mentally. Couple that with substance abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he needed help, the KKK was there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t come at me with pitchforks, burning crosses and robes,” said Buckley, who testified in front of the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs in March 2022. “They were like, ‘Hey, man, what’s going on, bro? Like, you need help with Christmas? Here’s some food, bro. Let’s take care of your family before we talk about what we do.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the first time anybody had reached out to help me. The VA wasn’t,” Buckley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to an email asking what the VA is doing to support veterans vulnerable to recruitment by extremist groups, Press Secretary Terrence Hayes said the agency is committed to educating veterans on how to identify disinformation and predatory practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like any group of Americans, the Veteran community is not a monolith. The overwhelming majority of Veterans neither commit nor condone extremism-related violence,” he wrote. “VA will take action where necessary to abide by laws that protect our country against a tiny minority committed to domestic violent extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicholas Sanders, who served as a medic in Afghanistan alongside Rush and is now a nurse in Texas, said groups like the Proud Boys and “other wannabe militias” prey on veterans searching for belonging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got out of the military, I worked at a military surplus store, and it was weekly,” he said. “People are handing me their cards like, ‘Hey, you know, we’ve got this club,’ or ‘We’ve got this group. We meet up on the weekends, bring your family and do all this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders was initially attracted to the displays of camaraderie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then you start reading into it. You’re looking at their pictures and it’s like, ‘Oh, there’s only white people in here,’” he said. “It’s the equivalent of a gang to me. Gangs don’t prey on well-established people. Gangs prey on people that are looking for that acceptance and approval.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I offed a fed’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In May 2020, the Grizzly Scouts prepared for an operation at a protest in Sacramento, according to prosecutors. Members distributed an “Operations Order” that identified law enforcement as “enemy forces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 27, 2020, Carrillo and Ybarra met behind a gas station in Los Gatos to assemble an assault rifle in the back of Carrillo’s van. The next day, Carrillo contacted Ybarra about attending a protest in Oakland, to “snipe some you know what’s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ybarra didn’t respond. Instead he reached out to Rush, saying, “just wanted to make sure we are on the same page, and that targeting innocents doesn’t fly with me even if they are wearing a badge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush agreed, but said, “yea we need to actually develop targets and cases, be smart. They want war, then we bring em war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23558592-jessie-alexander-rush-government-sentencing-memorandum\">He went on (PDF)\u003c/a>: “We can start developing case files, gathering intel, and doing it just like big bro does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“im not about the fireworks,” he continued. “im more like a surgeon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 29, 2020, Carrillo rode to Oakland in a white van, allegedly driven by Robert Alvin Justus Jr., another man he met online. As they drove past the Federal Building, Carrillo flung open the sliding door and unloaded a fusillade of bullets toward two Federal Protective Service officers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">killing David Patrick Underwood, 53, and wounding Sombat Mifkovic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week later, Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s deputies were in Ben Lomond responding to a call about a white van with weapons inside. Carrillo ambushed the officers, killing Sgt. Damon Gutzwiller, 38, and wounding Deputy Alex Spencer, 32 at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that day, Ybarra drove to Turlock to meet with Rush, prosecutors said, and group members conspired to erase conversations from their phones in which they discussed attacking police. Blancas destroyed Dropbox files related to the group’s structure, onboarding and operations, telling Ybarra a month later, “All physical files I had were literally burned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He removed our platform and robbed our message,” Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23832071-govuscourtscand375526170_1\">wrote to the Grizzly Scouts (PDF)\u003c/a>, referring to Carrillo. “Unfortunately we would almost have to wait for the next one. Which is disgusting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Grizzly Scouts switched to a new messaging platform they thought would be more secure, according to prosecutors. A couple of weeks later, Rush began contacting members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jump on [another communication’s platform] if you miss us were [sic] reinventing and if you wanna be apart [sic] of it we’d love to have you back,” Rush said to one member, according to court documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enough\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On an overcast afternoon last September, firearm enthusiasts inside a gun show at the Stanislaus County Fairgrounds perused tables stacked with Army fatigues, old tactical manuals, knives and bulletproof vests. Every so often, a loud jolt came from a corner where a stun gun was being demoed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one booth, a man and a woman wearing “California State Militia, 2nd Regiment” T-shirts answered a young man’s questions. Across the aisle, a group of men browsed ammunition magazines modified to hold no more than 10 rounds, per California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he browsed the exhibits, stopping occasionally to talk with vendors, Ayers said he believed Rush may have talked about violence that he didn’t actually plan to carry out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vets, we all get together and hang out,” Ayers said. “I think he got in over his head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, when coverage of Carrillo’s violence was on the news, Rush stopped by Ayers’ school and told him: “I know the two guys that are involved in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951952 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man looks seriously at the camera standing in front of a storefront at a strip mall next to a banner showing an insignia featuring a snake and two falcons. The man wears a black hat with an American flag, glasses, a dark fleece, and blue jeans.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60374_037_KQED_AcademyForProfDevelopment_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerame Ayers stands outside his school in Modesto, on Nov. 14, 2022. The school offers executive protection, physical security and EMT classes. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘How’d that all go down?’ He’s like, ‘No, we all hung out. And those two individuals were at the place that we hung out,'” Ayers said. “I’m like, ‘I hope you’re not connected to them.’ He says, ‘I mean, other than meeting up with them, but I would never think they’d go do this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August that year, the FBI executed search warrants for Rush’s apartment and the homes of other Grizzly Scout members. When he found out about the raid, Ayers said he asked Rush if there was something he wasn’t telling him. “He’s like, ‘No,'” Ayers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith, too, remembered the raid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that was kind of where I was like, ‘This is federal territory, buddy,'” Griffith said. “We don’t touch this. This isn’t about PTSD and TBI. If the FBI is knocking [on] your door or kicking or whatever, that’s more serious than what we can handle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April 2021, Ayers said, he received a text from Rush saying FBI agents wanted to meet with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I said, ‘They didn’t arrest you then, and now they want to talk to you?’ I go, ‘If they are going to talk to you, go there, do what you’re supposed to do,” Ayers said. “You participate, you do what you’re told.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Griffith found out Rush was being summoned by federal agents, he drove to the meeting at a Turlock Police Department precinct to offer support. Rush was already handcuffed in the back of a black SUV when he arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rush and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834714-indictment\">other Grizzly Scout members were indicted (PDF)\u003c/a> on charges including conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings, destruction of records in official proceedings and obstruction of official proceedings. At sentencing, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23834715-sentencing-transcript-rush-ybarra-miksch\">Rush told the court he was “fearful and paranoid” (PDF)\u003c/a> at the time he created the Grizzly Scouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was exposed to so much rhetoric that seemed contradictory,” he said. “Things that were being said by the government on social media, the state, and just in the news in general just seems like it was pushing back against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew O’Bryan, who served with Rush and stayed in contact with him, said the charges didn’t sound like Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He started [the group] so that veterans like him and me could have just a little bit of normalcy,” said O’Bryan, who wrote a letter on Rush’s behalf before sentencing. “He said that some guy in his group was apparently going off the deep end saying some crazy stuff, and that they all came after him because he was the one who put that stuff together just trying to help people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Rush, both Ybarra and Miksch pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to destroy records in official proceedings and were sentenced to six months in prison in May 2022. Both were released in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blancas was sentenced to 10 ½ years after pleading guilty to charges tied to the Grizzly Scouts case and explicit conversations with underage girls that FBI agents uncovered during a search of his electronic devices. He is currently serving time at a federal prison in Fort Worth, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carrillo is incarcerated at Mule Creek State Prison in Ione in Amador County. Through his attorney in the federal case, he declined to be interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951972\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11951972 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A white man with a long beard sits outdoors in the shade of a tree, at a table with a red table cloth. On the table in front of him are a pack of cigarettes, a lighter, a white mug, a cellphone, and a short stack of papers.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS60375_005_KQED_JackGriffithTurlock_11142022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jack Griffith in his backyard in Turlock. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By November, the hummingbirds in Griffith’s backyard were gone. A stack of magazines sat on the table wrinkled, having been left out in the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griffith looked at a text he had received the previous morning. It was from Rush. Out of prison, he asked if Griffith wanted to hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rose my hand, basically donating my life to this country,” Griffith said. “And that oath is not over. And it states foreign and domestic. That puts him in a column of which, if we were out in public, he would be a threat. We’re supposed to be on the same side and now I have to look at you as a threat. You’d be the one that I’m watching in a crowd.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days later, the two went on a drive. Rush was tight-lipped, Griffith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really feel like I wasn’t enough,” Griffith said, choking back tears. “This is just as shocking as losing someone to suicide that you thought was on the right path. You put in all that work. You think everything’s going one direction, and then either they’re gone or they’re so far offtrack you don’t even realize it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11952237/murder-the-military-and-radicalization-how-much-is-tied-to-a-lack-of-support-for-veterans","authors":["11490"],"categories":["news_31795","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_17725","news_1416","news_29026","news_31181","news_30202","news_27626","news_80","news_31666","news_29025","news_28118","news_31347","news_237"],"featImg":"news_11952255","label":"news"},"news_11787061":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11787061","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11787061","score":null,"sort":[1574044064000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"from-working-in-tech-to-homelessness-the-challenges-facing-a-senior-veteran","title":"From Working in Tech to Homelessness: The Challenges Facing a Senior Veteran","publishDate":1574044064,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The East Bay's only emergency winter shelter for homeless seniors opens Monday — two weeks earlier than usual due to urgent need.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Director of\u003ca href=\"http://stmaryscenter.org/homeless-senior-services/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> St. Mary's Center\u003c/a> in West Oakland, Sharon Cornu, said that with more homeless seniors each year, it's important to get a head start this winter. She said most seniors she serves fell into homelessness after working much of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/report-predicts-aging-homeless-population-will-nearly-triple-2030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">University of Pennsylvania study\u003c/a> estimates the aging homeless population will triple by 2030. In 1990, only 11% of the nation’s homeless population was over the age of 50, today more than 50% are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2016/02/403511/homeless-people-suffer-geriatric-conditions-decades-early-ucsf-study-shows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A UC San Francisco study\u003c/a> shows homeless people in their 50s face more geriatric conditions than those living in homes who are decades older. According to the study, nearly half of the growing population of unhoused seniors became homeless after they turned 50-years-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddie Thomas, a former marine who lives in the East Bay, remembers the moment life as he knew it took a precarious dive — it was back in 2013, when he was 55, that he lost his job as a component repair technician at Intel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas is now 61.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Let Me Get a Job'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\"They really gave us no prior warning. They met us at the gate after we went through a fingerprint and retinal scan,\" he said of his experience being laid off in 2013. \"Armed security guards escorted us to human resources to get our severance package, back pay, vacation pay, sick pay... So I started living off my savings,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101872481,news_11765010,news_11778741\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was able to keep his apartment at first, then he lived at the home of someone from his church, eventually a motel room — all while applying for job after job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has always been good with his hands, so side jobs replacing ceiling fans and cutting grass helped stretch out his unemployment and savings for quite a while, but eventually, three years went by.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was a victim of age discrimination big time,\" Thomas said. \"Maybe too some of \u003cem>that\u003c/em> discrimination,\" he added, as he pointed to his skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all of his money nearly gone, a Marine Corps career counselor referred Thomas to a long-term shelter in Berkeley. He packed his bags and stayed there for two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the shelter, he was persistent, and luckier than most. Thomas conveys an uncommon persistence and adeptness at navigating through the systems around him. And he had the support of a Veteran Affairs social worker who helped get him a few hundred dollars of general assistance each month. By December of last year, the social worker set him up with a coveted Section 8 housing voucher in mere days — a feat that can sometimes take years to accomplish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 8 is a voucher program operated by the federal government. The recipient pays a percentage of their income and the government pays the rest. \"But I'd been working all my life, and I was like, 'No, let me get a job,'\" Thomas said.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11787141\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11787141\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/IMG_7768-e1574030980450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Thomas suffered an injury last year that left him financially broke, homeless and unable to work. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>High Hopes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thomas's hopes were high the morning of Dec. 16, 2018 when he set out for an interview at Sun Microsystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Margot Kushel, UCSF\"]\"Your 80-year-old grandma, if housed, might not be running to catch the bus all the time. You, in fact, might hold her arm as she as she's crossing the street. She might use a cane or a walker.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was dark. Had to be there at 7 but it was 5:30. I was running across the street. I had my... laptop, tool bag, and backpack. And I fell — some kind of indentation or rise in the road or something, I don't remember,\" Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he woke up 8 days later, it was Christmas Eve and he was at Highland Hospital in Oakland. He couldn't use his right hand, he had a fractured skull, and his neck vertebrae had been fused.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The injury left him financially broke, homeless and unable to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF's Dr. Margot Kushel has done landmark research on Oakland's unhoused seniors. She said falls are a big part of the epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even though these individuals are in their 50s or 60s, a lot of their health is much more similar to their 70s and 80s. You know your 80-year-old grandma, if housed, might not be running to catch the bus all the time. You, in fact, might hold her arm as she as she's crossing the street. She might use a cane or a walker,\" said Kushel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since his fall, Thomas has been wheelchair-bound. He spent about ten months living in a skilled nursing facility. It was the nerve pain from his spinal surgery that bothered him the most, as well as other patients. He just wanted a place of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't come in to make friends. I came in to get the hell out,\" Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Still Waiting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>He's had two promising leads since being granted the hard-to-get Section 8 housing subsidy voucher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last one was a three-interview and four-month application process, after which he says his Veteran's Affairs social worker relayed the landlord's decision. They weren't renting anymore, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 8 guarantees landlords get paid at least $1700 for a one-bedroom apartment in Alameda County. While discrimination against people with vouchers is illegal, a quick search on Craigslist provides a myriad of examples with listings explicitly stating \"No Section 8.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has steadily rolled back housing funds for high cost-of-living areas — despite skyrocketing rents and deepening poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just so competitive,\" said Veteran Affairs regional housing program supervisor Patrick Kowalski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of Alameda County veterans with Section 8 vouchers — which is more than 600 people — are currently waiting for a home, Kowalski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11771019\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vacancy rate in Alameda County is below 5%. When you throw in some specialty such as senior status or a need to be near public transportation or even a VA facility, you shrink the available number of units even more,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kowalski hopes to encourage more property owners to open their units to veterans with Section 8 vouchers who continue to get VA support to ensure their placements are successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Eddie Thomas, he moved to Veteran Affairs transitional housing in Alameda last month. He says he's been promised a one bedroom in the VA's \u003ca href=\"https://rcdhousing.org/upcoming-properties/\">new veteran-only residential building\u003c/a> by the end of the year. But for now, he's still waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Eddie Thomas, a former marine who lives in the East Bay, is just one of the many elders looking for permanent housing. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1574552629,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1162},"headData":{"title":"From Working in Tech to Homelessness: The Challenges Facing a Senior Veteran | KQED","description":"Eddie Thomas, a former marine who lives in the East Bay, is just one of the many elders looking for permanent housing. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11787061 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11787061","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/11/17/from-working-in-tech-to-homelessness-the-challenges-facing-a-senior-veteran/","disqusTitle":"From Working in Tech to Homelessness: The Challenges Facing a Senior Veteran","path":"/news/11787061/from-working-in-tech-to-homelessness-the-challenges-facing-a-senior-veteran","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The East Bay's only emergency winter shelter for homeless seniors opens Monday — two weeks earlier than usual due to urgent need.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Director of\u003ca href=\"http://stmaryscenter.org/homeless-senior-services/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> St. Mary's Center\u003c/a> in West Oakland, Sharon Cornu, said that with more homeless seniors each year, it's important to get a head start this winter. She said most seniors she serves fell into homelessness after working much of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/report-predicts-aging-homeless-population-will-nearly-triple-2030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">University of Pennsylvania study\u003c/a> estimates the aging homeless population will triple by 2030. In 1990, only 11% of the nation’s homeless population was over the age of 50, today more than 50% are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2016/02/403511/homeless-people-suffer-geriatric-conditions-decades-early-ucsf-study-shows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A UC San Francisco study\u003c/a> shows homeless people in their 50s face more geriatric conditions than those living in homes who are decades older. According to the study, nearly half of the growing population of unhoused seniors became homeless after they turned 50-years-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddie Thomas, a former marine who lives in the East Bay, remembers the moment life as he knew it took a precarious dive — it was back in 2013, when he was 55, that he lost his job as a component repair technician at Intel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas is now 61.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Let Me Get a Job'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\"They really gave us no prior warning. They met us at the gate after we went through a fingerprint and retinal scan,\" he said of his experience being laid off in 2013. \"Armed security guards escorted us to human resources to get our severance package, back pay, vacation pay, sick pay... So I started living off my savings,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"forum_2010101872481,news_11765010,news_11778741","label":"Related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was able to keep his apartment at first, then he lived at the home of someone from his church, eventually a motel room — all while applying for job after job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has always been good with his hands, so side jobs replacing ceiling fans and cutting grass helped stretch out his unemployment and savings for quite a while, but eventually, three years went by.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was a victim of age discrimination big time,\" Thomas said. \"Maybe too some of \u003cem>that\u003c/em> discrimination,\" he added, as he pointed to his skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all of his money nearly gone, a Marine Corps career counselor referred Thomas to a long-term shelter in Berkeley. He packed his bags and stayed there for two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the shelter, he was persistent, and luckier than most. Thomas conveys an uncommon persistence and adeptness at navigating through the systems around him. And he had the support of a Veteran Affairs social worker who helped get him a few hundred dollars of general assistance each month. By December of last year, the social worker set him up with a coveted Section 8 housing voucher in mere days — a feat that can sometimes take years to accomplish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 8 is a voucher program operated by the federal government. The recipient pays a percentage of their income and the government pays the rest. \"But I'd been working all my life, and I was like, 'No, let me get a job,'\" Thomas said.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11787141\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11787141\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/IMG_7768-e1574030980450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Thomas suffered an injury last year that left him financially broke, homeless and unable to work. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>High Hopes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thomas's hopes were high the morning of Dec. 16, 2018 when he set out for an interview at Sun Microsystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\"Your 80-year-old grandma, if housed, might not be running to catch the bus all the time. You, in fact, might hold her arm as she as she's crossing the street. She might use a cane or a walker.\"","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Margot Kushel, UCSF","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was dark. Had to be there at 7 but it was 5:30. I was running across the street. I had my... laptop, tool bag, and backpack. And I fell — some kind of indentation or rise in the road or something, I don't remember,\" Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he woke up 8 days later, it was Christmas Eve and he was at Highland Hospital in Oakland. He couldn't use his right hand, he had a fractured skull, and his neck vertebrae had been fused.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The injury left him financially broke, homeless and unable to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF's Dr. Margot Kushel has done landmark research on Oakland's unhoused seniors. She said falls are a big part of the epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even though these individuals are in their 50s or 60s, a lot of their health is much more similar to their 70s and 80s. You know your 80-year-old grandma, if housed, might not be running to catch the bus all the time. You, in fact, might hold her arm as she as she's crossing the street. She might use a cane or a walker,\" said Kushel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since his fall, Thomas has been wheelchair-bound. He spent about ten months living in a skilled nursing facility. It was the nerve pain from his spinal surgery that bothered him the most, as well as other patients. He just wanted a place of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't come in to make friends. I came in to get the hell out,\" Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Still Waiting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>He's had two promising leads since being granted the hard-to-get Section 8 housing subsidy voucher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last one was a three-interview and four-month application process, after which he says his Veteran's Affairs social worker relayed the landlord's decision. They weren't renting anymore, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 8 guarantees landlords get paid at least $1700 for a one-bedroom apartment in Alameda County. While discrimination against people with vouchers is illegal, a quick search on Craigslist provides a myriad of examples with listings explicitly stating \"No Section 8.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has steadily rolled back housing funds for high cost-of-living areas — despite skyrocketing rents and deepening poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just so competitive,\" said Veteran Affairs regional housing program supervisor Patrick Kowalski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of Alameda County veterans with Section 8 vouchers — which is more than 600 people — are currently waiting for a home, Kowalski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11771019","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vacancy rate in Alameda County is below 5%. When you throw in some specialty such as senior status or a need to be near public transportation or even a VA facility, you shrink the available number of units even more,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kowalski hopes to encourage more property owners to open their units to veterans with Section 8 vouchers who continue to get VA support to ensure their placements are successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Eddie Thomas, he moved to Veteran Affairs transitional housing in Alameda last month. He says he's been promised a one bedroom in the VA's \u003ca href=\"https://rcdhousing.org/upcoming-properties/\">new veteran-only residential building\u003c/a> by the end of the year. But for now, he's still waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11787061/from-working-in-tech-to-homelessness-the-challenges-facing-a-senior-veteran","authors":["3214"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_457","news_6266","news_8"],"tags":["news_23730","news_4020","news_25798","news_237"],"featImg":"news_11787153","label":"news_72"},"news_11653301":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11653301","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11653301","score":null,"sort":[1541953855000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ode-to-a-vietnam-vet","title":"Ode to a Vietnam Vet","publishDate":1541953855,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on March 2, 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a journalist, the relationships I develop with the people I report on are often deeply intimate, but fleeting. I talk with people about some of their most vulnerable moments, write a story, and then usually never see them again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not how it went with Ron Fleming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Ron at the San Francisco VA Hospital. I was working on a story about Vietnam vets and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/11/09/what-vets-want-at-the-end-of-life-is-very-different-from-what-civilians-want/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how their PTSD can flare up\u003c/a> as they approach the end of life. I interviewed Ron for about two hours. A week later, he called me, and asked me out to lunch. He’s careful to say that he noticed my wedding ring. He says, “I don’t mean any funny business.” He’s 74.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2FNa0WStmLDEUnLU6ZIPD1EUJtMtidlm\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I stall for a couple weeks, then eventually say yes. Maybe out of some sense of obligation. Maybe because he has the same name as my dad, who died when I was young. But really, I just like Ron. He says things like “We didn’t lose that war. Everywhere I went, we literally kicked the crap out of ‘em.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We meet at a Chinese restaurant in a shopping center in Oakland. He’s wearing a wool VFW beret and suspenders. Bits of Mongolian beef fall into his beard as he tells me the same war stories he told me a few weeks before. Some word for word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, this reflection on the insult “baby killer”:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We did kill women and kids. We had to. Because one of the things I learned soon, was a woman or a kid will kill you just as dead as an old man will, and just as fast. One of the tactics that the VC would use was they would take this cute little girl, about five or six years old, right? Strap a bomb on her back. And tell her, 'You see them Americans there? They like little girls. And they got chewing gum and candy. Go on over and say hi to ‘em.'\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As I’m trying to think of what to say, a woman one table over interrupts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Excuse me! No one wants to hear about killing children. We’re trying to have \u003cem>lunch\u003c/em> over here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron lowers his head but keeps his eyes up, like a wolf growling. But he says nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I want to crawl into the pot of green tea and disappear. But I force myself to turn around, and I say to the woman, something like, “We’re having lunch, too. And this is what we… wanna… talk about?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I turn back to Ron. He says, “let’s get out of here.” We say an awkward goodbye in the parking lot. And I drive home thinking of all the other things I wish I’d said or done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the story about PTSD and aging Vietnam vets airs on the radio, I get emails from some vets saying they’re still haunted by flashbacks later in life, and thanks for the story. And I get emails from other vets calling me naïve and sentimental. They say vets need to man up and get over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got a hand-written card from Ron. He didn’t say anything about the story. I don’t know if he liked it or hated it. He just said, “Thanks for sticking up for me in the restaurant.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said to call him sometime. He has a lot more stories he can tell.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A reporter goes out to lunch with a source. That meeting is way more important than the story she writes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1541966222,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":627},"headData":{"title":"Ode to a Vietnam Vet | KQED","description":"A reporter goes out to lunch with a source. That meeting is way more important than the story she writes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11653301 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11653301","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/11/11/ode-to-a-vietnam-vet/","disqusTitle":"Ode to a Vietnam Vet","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/03/OdeToAVet.mp3","audioTrackLength":281,"path":"/news/11653301/ode-to-a-vietnam-vet","audioDuration":298000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on March 2, 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a journalist, the relationships I develop with the people I report on are often deeply intimate, but fleeting. I talk with people about some of their most vulnerable moments, write a story, and then usually never see them again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not how it went with Ron Fleming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Ron at the San Francisco VA Hospital. I was working on a story about Vietnam vets and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/11/09/what-vets-want-at-the-end-of-life-is-very-different-from-what-civilians-want/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how their PTSD can flare up\u003c/a> as they approach the end of life. I interviewed Ron for about two hours. A week later, he called me, and asked me out to lunch. He’s careful to say that he noticed my wedding ring. He says, “I don’t mean any funny business.” He’s 74.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I stall for a couple weeks, then eventually say yes. Maybe out of some sense of obligation. Maybe because he has the same name as my dad, who died when I was young. But really, I just like Ron. He says things like “We didn’t lose that war. Everywhere I went, we literally kicked the crap out of ‘em.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We meet at a Chinese restaurant in a shopping center in Oakland. He’s wearing a wool VFW beret and suspenders. Bits of Mongolian beef fall into his beard as he tells me the same war stories he told me a few weeks before. Some word for word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, this reflection on the insult “baby killer”:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We did kill women and kids. We had to. Because one of the things I learned soon, was a woman or a kid will kill you just as dead as an old man will, and just as fast. One of the tactics that the VC would use was they would take this cute little girl, about five or six years old, right? Strap a bomb on her back. And tell her, 'You see them Americans there? They like little girls. And they got chewing gum and candy. Go on over and say hi to ‘em.'\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As I’m trying to think of what to say, a woman one table over interrupts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Excuse me! No one wants to hear about killing children. We’re trying to have \u003cem>lunch\u003c/em> over here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron lowers his head but keeps his eyes up, like a wolf growling. But he says nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I want to crawl into the pot of green tea and disappear. But I force myself to turn around, and I say to the woman, something like, “We’re having lunch, too. And this is what we… wanna… talk about?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I turn back to Ron. He says, “let’s get out of here.” We say an awkward goodbye in the parking lot. And I drive home thinking of all the other things I wish I’d said or done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the story about PTSD and aging Vietnam vets airs on the radio, I get emails from some vets saying they’re still haunted by flashbacks later in life, and thanks for the story. And I get emails from other vets calling me naïve and sentimental. They say vets need to man up and get over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got a hand-written card from Ron. He didn’t say anything about the story. I don’t know if he liked it or hated it. He just said, “Thanks for sticking up for me in the restaurant.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said to call him sometime. He has a lot more stories he can tell.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11653301/ode-to-a-vietnam-vet","authors":["3205"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_2139","news_17286","news_21620","news_237"],"featImg":"news_11653592","label":"news_72"},"news_11705408":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11705408","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11705408","score":null,"sort":[1541812038000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"veterans-day-special-californians-and-the-vietnam-war","title":"Veterans Day Special: Californians and The Vietnam War","publishDate":1541812038,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11620038/how-a-teen-and-a-marine-resisted-the-vietnam-war-and-racism-at-home\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">How a Teen and a Marine Resisted the Vietnam War and Racism at Home\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During the Vietnam War, not all the battles were fought in Vietnam. Enlisted men were also fighting a war against racism within the ranks. We’ll hear how that revolt took hold at Camp Pendleton, and sparked an unlikely friendship. He was a young marine. She was the daughter of a farmworker. They met at a coffeehouse called ‘The Green Machine.’ It was one of many around the country where active duty GIs could get free coffee, listen to music, read underground newspapers, and talk with peace activists. These coffeehouses were key in building the GI movement to end the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11653301/ode-to-a-vietnam-vet\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">After the Story: Ode to a Vietnam Vet\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As journalists, we develop relationships with people we report on that are often deeply intimate, but fleeting. We talk with people about some of their most vulnerable moments, write a story, and then usually never see them again. For KQED’s health reporter April Dembosky, that’s not how it went with Vietnam veteran Ron Fleming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also find out how the candidates we profiled for our series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-long-run\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Long Run\u003c/a> did on Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"‘The Green Machine’, ‘Ode to a Vietnam Vet’\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1594422192,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":207},"headData":{"title":"Veterans Day Special: Californians and The Vietnam War | KQED","description":"‘The Green Machine’, ‘Ode to a Vietnam Vet’\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11705408 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11705408","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/11/09/veterans-day-special-californians-and-the-vietnam-war/","disqusTitle":"Veterans Day Special: Californians and The Vietnam War","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/11/TCRPM20181109.mp3","audioTrackLength":1726,"path":"/news/11705408/veterans-day-special-californians-and-the-vietnam-war","audioDuration":1741000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11620038/how-a-teen-and-a-marine-resisted-the-vietnam-war-and-racism-at-home\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">How a Teen and a Marine Resisted the Vietnam War and Racism at Home\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During the Vietnam War, not all the battles were fought in Vietnam. Enlisted men were also fighting a war against racism within the ranks. We’ll hear how that revolt took hold at Camp Pendleton, and sparked an unlikely friendship. He was a young marine. She was the daughter of a farmworker. They met at a coffeehouse called ‘The Green Machine.’ It was one of many around the country where active duty GIs could get free coffee, listen to music, read underground newspapers, and talk with peace activists. These coffeehouses were key in building the GI movement to end the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11653301/ode-to-a-vietnam-vet\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">After the Story: Ode to a Vietnam Vet\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As journalists, we develop relationships with people we report on that are often deeply intimate, but fleeting. We talk with people about some of their most vulnerable moments, write a story, and then usually never see them again. For KQED’s health reporter April Dembosky, that’s not how it went with Vietnam veteran Ron Fleming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also find out how the candidates we profiled for our series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-long-run\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Long Run\u003c/a> did on Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11705408/veterans-day-special-californians-and-the-vietnam-war","authors":["236"],"categories":["news_457","news_13"],"tags":["news_21268","news_22018","news_28234","news_237","news_235"],"label":"news"},"news_11699633":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11699633","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11699633","score":null,"sort":[1539892840000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"veterans-group-on-the-frontlines-of-fighting-fake-facebook-pages","title":"Veterans Group on the Front Lines of Fighting Fake Facebook Pages","publishDate":1539892840,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Vietnam Veterans of America is calling on the government to investigate fake social media accounts targeting veterans online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-army-veteran-wages-war-on-social-media-disinformation-1539768600?mod=hp_lead_pos5&fbclid=IwAR0JN13rw9GDqu2EkdLpiqHB_vLLY0z0UYTK2JNLkNk-2Mm37rBQU6rpbTg\">story\u003c/a> in the Wall Street Journal that featured 33-year-old Iraq Veteran Kristofer Goldsmith, and his efforts to rid Facebook of fake accounts and pages targeting veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's frustrating to see there are people from outside of the United States, specifically targeting veterans and using organizations like the Vietnam Veterans of America to gain the trust of their followers,\" said Goldsmith, during an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldsmith's discovery of this problem on Facebook began in 2016, soon after he began working for the Vietnam Veterans of America. He wanted to see how popular the group was on Facebook, so he did a search, and immediately, a page came up that wasn't the organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The page, which Goldsmith says was run out of Bulgaria, was not only trying to get veterans to donate money and buy T-shirts, but also spreading false news. For example, there was a fake story about the defacing of an African-American veteran's tombstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over just four hours while it was up, hundreds of thousands of Americans were exposed to what really was a foreign propaganda video,\" said Goldsmith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he combed through Facebook, he discovered nearly 100 more suspicious pages pretending to be veterans groups, and those pages, had millions of followers. Goldsmith says he tried to report the pages through Facebook's web portal, but it wasn't until \u003ca href=\"https://www.mccaskill.senate.gov\">Missouri Senator Claire McCaskill\u003c/a> got involved that Facebook started taking the pages down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to this story, Facebook tells us it’s “Threat Intelligence” team is continuing to rid the platform of these kinds of pages. Goldsmith commends the work Facebook is doing to take down these pages. But he believes it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something where the VA and the Department of Defense need to come together and come up with a holistic solution,\" says Goldsmith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in a time that is changing and it can't just be about caring for the physical and mental health care for veterans. The well-being of veterans is being compromised by foreign trolls who are seeking to destroy us, to tear us apart, to break us apart. The veterans community is a byproduct of their goal of sowing division in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldsmith and the Vietnam Veterans of America now want the U.S. Department of Defense to do a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/notes/vietnam-veterans-of-america/vva-calls-on-government-to-investigate-foreign-elements-targeting-troopsvets-onl/2444078478965855/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">full investigation. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOD has not responded to KQED's request for comment on the VVA's request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't just blame this on a couple of evil corporations. I want them to understand that this is a societal issue. The whole point of these trolls is to draw us away from one another. We all need to work together and stand up to these trolls.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Vietnam Veterans of America is calling on the government to investigate fake social media accounts targeting veterans online.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1539897552,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":493},"headData":{"title":"Veterans Group on the Front Lines of Fighting Fake Facebook Pages | KQED","description":"Vietnam Veterans of America is calling on the government to investigate fake social media accounts targeting veterans online.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11699633 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11699633","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/10/18/veterans-group-on-the-frontlines-of-fighting-fake-facebook-pages/","disqusTitle":"Veterans Group on the Front Lines of Fighting Fake Facebook Pages","path":"/news/11699633/veterans-group-on-the-frontlines-of-fighting-fake-facebook-pages","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Vietnam Veterans of America is calling on the government to investigate fake social media accounts targeting veterans online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-army-veteran-wages-war-on-social-media-disinformation-1539768600?mod=hp_lead_pos5&fbclid=IwAR0JN13rw9GDqu2EkdLpiqHB_vLLY0z0UYTK2JNLkNk-2Mm37rBQU6rpbTg\">story\u003c/a> in the Wall Street Journal that featured 33-year-old Iraq Veteran Kristofer Goldsmith, and his efforts to rid Facebook of fake accounts and pages targeting veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's frustrating to see there are people from outside of the United States, specifically targeting veterans and using organizations like the Vietnam Veterans of America to gain the trust of their followers,\" said Goldsmith, during an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldsmith's discovery of this problem on Facebook began in 2016, soon after he began working for the Vietnam Veterans of America. He wanted to see how popular the group was on Facebook, so he did a search, and immediately, a page came up that wasn't the organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The page, which Goldsmith says was run out of Bulgaria, was not only trying to get veterans to donate money and buy T-shirts, but also spreading false news. For example, there was a fake story about the defacing of an African-American veteran's tombstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over just four hours while it was up, hundreds of thousands of Americans were exposed to what really was a foreign propaganda video,\" said Goldsmith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he combed through Facebook, he discovered nearly 100 more suspicious pages pretending to be veterans groups, and those pages, had millions of followers. Goldsmith says he tried to report the pages through Facebook's web portal, but it wasn't until \u003ca href=\"https://www.mccaskill.senate.gov\">Missouri Senator Claire McCaskill\u003c/a> got involved that Facebook started taking the pages down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to this story, Facebook tells us it’s “Threat Intelligence” team is continuing to rid the platform of these kinds of pages. Goldsmith commends the work Facebook is doing to take down these pages. But he believes it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something where the VA and the Department of Defense need to come together and come up with a holistic solution,\" says Goldsmith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in a time that is changing and it can't just be about caring for the physical and mental health care for veterans. The well-being of veterans is being compromised by foreign trolls who are seeking to destroy us, to tear us apart, to break us apart. The veterans community is a byproduct of their goal of sowing division in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldsmith and the Vietnam Veterans of America now want the U.S. Department of Defense to do a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/notes/vietnam-veterans-of-america/vva-calls-on-government-to-investigate-foreign-elements-targeting-troopsvets-onl/2444078478965855/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">full investigation. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOD has not responded to KQED's request for comment on the VVA's request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't just blame this on a couple of evil corporations. I want them to understand that this is a societal issue. The whole point of these trolls is to draw us away from one another. We all need to work together and stand up to these trolls.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11699633/veterans-group-on-the-frontlines-of-fighting-fake-facebook-pages","authors":["11373"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_249","news_353","news_23369","news_23372","news_23395","news_237"],"featImg":"news_11699641","label":"news_72"},"news_11680975":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11680975","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11680975","score":null,"sort":[1531860915000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fewer-homeless-veterans-on-los-angeles-streets","title":"Fewer Homeless Veterans on Los Angeles Streets","publishDate":1531860915,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The lack of affordable housing is at the forefront of the homeless crisis in Los Angeles County. But the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.lahsa.org/homeless-count/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">annual Point-in-Time homeless count\u003c/a>, released on June 1, showed that the veteran homeless population had declined 18 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this particular morning, Jesse Henderson is canvassing Hollywood Boulevard in Los Angeles. He's quick to point out this is not the stretch of the boulevard popular with tourists. Far from it. There's a certain vigilance and purpose in his stride. Understandable when you learn that the 39-year-old Army veteran did two tours in Iraq and one in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our basic job was to look for IEDs,\" he says and, when on patrol they had a saying, \"Sometimes we'll find them, sometimes they'll find us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Henderson has found a new mission: from searching out improvised explosive devices to searching for homeless veterans on the streets of Los Angeles. He looks for clues -- a tent that's off by itself, a military blanket from the VA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Veterans usually have their stuff more in order,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an outreach worker for \u003ca href=\"https://www.usvetsinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S.VETS\u003c/a>, his job is to try and connect homeless veterans with support resources, including transitional housing, offered by the nonprofit. He wears a camouflage backpack filled with bottles of water, hygiene items, gift cards and a pack of cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henderson approaches a row of low-slung tents. A homeless man tells him there's a veteran living in the brown tent at the end of the street. Henderson peeks through the mesh screen and introduces himself. The voice inside the tent is hardly audible, but politely answers, \"No, I'm not a veteran.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henderson smiles and says, \"OK, sorry to bother you, brother.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not an uncommon response. Some veterans don't want to be found. Maybe they've had a bad experience with the military or just a hard re-entry into civilian life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's all about gaining trust, Henderson says. And he's been there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a point where I didn't have anything and someone helped me with my needs,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another homeless man leaning up against a wall overhears the conversation and asks Henderson if he's a veteran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seven years Army,\" Henderson replies. The man smiles and nods his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Navigating streets, alleys and underpasses three times a week, Henderson hears a lot of stories. And recently, more veterans are speaking of losing their housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They've been living there for four or five years,\" he says. \"They get a new owner. The new owner comes in, everyone's gone and they turn it into an Airbnb. I call it the Airbnb effect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Read More of KQED’s Coverage for the SF Homeless Project\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/SFHomeless_long_Horizontal-02-e1467163328567.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Still, this year's annual count of the homeless showed a significant decline in the numbers of veterans on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This year's Point-in-Time-count and the decrease really spoke to the hard work that was being done,\" said Heidi Marston, director of Community Engagement and Reintegration at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the previous year's veteran homeless count turned out to be not as high as initially reported, it did serve as a call to action for the VA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To kind of streamline our processes to get folks who are under the bridges and on the streets into housing,\" Marston explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA also increased funding for a program that provides 90-day emergency housing for veterans like Air Force combat veteran Christopher Underwood. He suffers from PTSD and was facing imminent homelessness on the street. Underwood's now staying at a U.S.VETS facility in Inglewood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And I'm thankful. Without this I'd probably be in a situation where you know ... a little more desolate,\" Underwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Peck, president of U.S.VETS, says the VA's outreach and services accomplished a great deal, but he cautions that veteran homelessness is an ever-changing dynamic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were more first-time homeless than ever before,\" he says, adding that he's seeing an increasing number of post-9/11 veterans seeking help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're hopping from bed to bed, relative to relative, they're living in their cars,\" he says. \"Some of them don't even consider themselves homeless because they're not sleeping literally on the sidewalk. But they are ... and they're suffering.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across town, on the sprawling campus of the West L.A. Veterans Affairs, it's early evening. Under flickering floodlights 63-year-old Marine veteran Robert Louis and his wife, Gail, are getting ready to bed down for the night in their car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really rough, as you can see. It's not a big car,\" he said with a laugh. \"There's not a lot of room to sleep in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA recently partnered with the nonprofit Safe Parking L.A. to provide 10 parking spaces for homeless veterans. There's a wash station and a portable bathroom. They have to leave in the morning. He turns and looks at his wife sitting next to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we make the best of it,\" he said, as if reassuring her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of how they got here can be summed up to a few wrong decisions and Gail's diagnosis of cancer. Gail is wearing a blue sweatshirt and her hair is in a loose upsweep\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been extremely depressing, but I'm alive to experience it so I am forever grateful,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things they are grateful for is they still have their car. They drive by the homeless on the streets of L.A. every day. Robert slowly shakes his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have tents or are just huddled up in doorways,\" he said. \"We're just thankful, and we say a prayer for them, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parking spaces are starting to fill up. There are new faces here every night. They all look out for each other, they say. By 9:30 p.m. the homeless veterans have retired to their cars for the night, the sounds of the city muffled in the distance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The city's most recent homeless count showed that the veteran homeless population had declined 18 percent. But some advocates caution that veteran homelessness is an ever-changing dynamic.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1531865988,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":1045},"headData":{"title":"Fewer Homeless Veterans on Los Angeles Streets | KQED","description":"The city's most recent homeless count showed that the veteran homeless population had declined 18 percent. But some advocates caution that veteran homelessness is an ever-changing dynamic.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11680975 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11680975","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/07/17/fewer-homeless-veterans-on-los-angeles-streets/","disqusTitle":"Fewer Homeless Veterans on Los Angeles Streets","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Gloria Hillard","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Gloria Hillard\u003c/br>NPR\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"628907720","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=628907720&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/16/628907720/fewer-homeless-veterans-on-las-streets?ft=nprml&f=628907720","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 12:56:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 07:38:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 07:46:45 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/07/20180716_me_la_homeless_vets.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=300&p=3&story=628907720&ft=nprml&f=628907720","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1629381865-00b4b1.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=300&p=3&story=628907720&ft=nprml&f=628907720","path":"/news/11680975/fewer-homeless-veterans-on-los-angeles-streets","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/07/20180716_me_la_homeless_vets.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=300&p=3&story=628907720&ft=nprml&f=628907720","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The lack of affordable housing is at the forefront of the homeless crisis in Los Angeles County. But the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.lahsa.org/homeless-count/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">annual Point-in-Time homeless count\u003c/a>, released on June 1, showed that the veteran homeless population had declined 18 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this particular morning, Jesse Henderson is canvassing Hollywood Boulevard in Los Angeles. He's quick to point out this is not the stretch of the boulevard popular with tourists. Far from it. There's a certain vigilance and purpose in his stride. Understandable when you learn that the 39-year-old Army veteran did two tours in Iraq and one in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our basic job was to look for IEDs,\" he says and, when on patrol they had a saying, \"Sometimes we'll find them, sometimes they'll find us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Henderson has found a new mission: from searching out improvised explosive devices to searching for homeless veterans on the streets of Los Angeles. He looks for clues -- a tent that's off by itself, a military blanket from the VA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Veterans usually have their stuff more in order,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an outreach worker for \u003ca href=\"https://www.usvetsinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S.VETS\u003c/a>, his job is to try and connect homeless veterans with support resources, including transitional housing, offered by the nonprofit. He wears a camouflage backpack filled with bottles of water, hygiene items, gift cards and a pack of cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henderson approaches a row of low-slung tents. A homeless man tells him there's a veteran living in the brown tent at the end of the street. Henderson peeks through the mesh screen and introduces himself. The voice inside the tent is hardly audible, but politely answers, \"No, I'm not a veteran.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henderson smiles and says, \"OK, sorry to bother you, brother.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not an uncommon response. Some veterans don't want to be found. Maybe they've had a bad experience with the military or just a hard re-entry into civilian life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's all about gaining trust, Henderson says. And he's been there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a point where I didn't have anything and someone helped me with my needs,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another homeless man leaning up against a wall overhears the conversation and asks Henderson if he's a veteran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seven years Army,\" Henderson replies. The man smiles and nods his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Navigating streets, alleys and underpasses three times a week, Henderson hears a lot of stories. And recently, more veterans are speaking of losing their housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They've been living there for four or five years,\" he says. \"They get a new owner. The new owner comes in, everyone's gone and they turn it into an Airbnb. I call it the Airbnb effect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Read More of KQED’s Coverage for the SF Homeless Project\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/SFHomeless_long_Horizontal-02-e1467163328567.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Still, this year's annual count of the homeless showed a significant decline in the numbers of veterans on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This year's Point-in-Time-count and the decrease really spoke to the hard work that was being done,\" said Heidi Marston, director of Community Engagement and Reintegration at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the previous year's veteran homeless count turned out to be not as high as initially reported, it did serve as a call to action for the VA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To kind of streamline our processes to get folks who are under the bridges and on the streets into housing,\" Marston explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA also increased funding for a program that provides 90-day emergency housing for veterans like Air Force combat veteran Christopher Underwood. He suffers from PTSD and was facing imminent homelessness on the street. Underwood's now staying at a U.S.VETS facility in Inglewood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And I'm thankful. Without this I'd probably be in a situation where you know ... a little more desolate,\" Underwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Peck, president of U.S.VETS, says the VA's outreach and services accomplished a great deal, but he cautions that veteran homelessness is an ever-changing dynamic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were more first-time homeless than ever before,\" he says, adding that he's seeing an increasing number of post-9/11 veterans seeking help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're hopping from bed to bed, relative to relative, they're living in their cars,\" he says. \"Some of them don't even consider themselves homeless because they're not sleeping literally on the sidewalk. But they are ... and they're suffering.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across town, on the sprawling campus of the West L.A. Veterans Affairs, it's early evening. Under flickering floodlights 63-year-old Marine veteran Robert Louis and his wife, Gail, are getting ready to bed down for the night in their car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really rough, as you can see. It's not a big car,\" he said with a laugh. \"There's not a lot of room to sleep in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA recently partnered with the nonprofit Safe Parking L.A. to provide 10 parking spaces for homeless veterans. There's a wash station and a portable bathroom. They have to leave in the morning. He turns and looks at his wife sitting next to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we make the best of it,\" he said, as if reassuring her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of how they got here can be summed up to a few wrong decisions and Gail's diagnosis of cancer. Gail is wearing a blue sweatshirt and her hair is in a loose upsweep\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been extremely depressing, but I'm alive to experience it so I am forever grateful,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things they are grateful for is they still have their car. They drive by the homeless on the streets of L.A. every day. Robert slowly shakes his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have tents or are just huddled up in doorways,\" he said. \"We're just thankful, and we say a prayer for them, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parking spaces are starting to fill up. There are new faces here every night. They all look out for each other, they say. By 9:30 p.m. the homeless veterans have retired to their cars for the night, the sounds of the city muffled in the distance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11680975/fewer-homeless-veterans-on-los-angeles-streets","authors":["byline_news_11680975"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_6266","news_8"],"tags":["news_23730","news_4020","news_237"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11680976","label":"source_news_11680975"},"news_11674499":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11674499","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11674499","score":null,"sort":[1528895549000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"s-f-supervisors-resolve-to-honor-chinese-american-wwii-vets","title":"S.F. Supervisors Resolve to Honor Chinese-American WWII Vets","publishDate":1528895549,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted unanimously Tuesday on a resolution urging Congress to honor Chinese-American World War II veterans with the Congressional Gold Medal — the highest civilian award in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These veterans have given their lives for this country and they served diligently and honorably,\" said Eddie Chen, a member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cacanational.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chinese American Citizens Alliance\u003c/a>, which helped spearhead the Gold Medal resolution. \"This country should recognize their services and the time and effort they spent defending and serving on behalf of the United States of America during the most terrible time of World War II.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674519\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Eddie Chen of the Chinese American Citizens Alliance, which spearheaded the proposal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Chen of the Chinese American Citizens Alliance, which spearheaded the proposal. \u003ccite>(Photo: Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 13,000 Chinese-Americans served in the U.S. armed forces during the conflict, despite widespread anti-Asian sentiment at the time. Some estimates put the number at closer to 20,000. The majority served in the U.S. Army, in units such as the 3rd and 4th Infantry Divisions in Europe, and the 6th, 32nd and 77th Infantry Divisions in the Pacific.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronald Won, a 93-year-old former fighter pilot, was one of three Chinese-American vets honored at an event at San Francisco City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am glad I was able to serve this country,\" said Won. \"I always taught my children three principles: God comes first, then country, then family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674520\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"WWII fighter pilot Ronald Won shares his wartime memories at an event at San Francisco City Hall prior to the resolution going to vote before the Board of Supervisors.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">WWII fighter pilot Ronald Won shares his wartime memories at an event at San Francisco City Hall prior to the resolution going to vote before the Board of Supervisors. \u003ccite>(Photo: Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Won says the Gold Medal resolution is important because many people don't know Asians served in the U.S. military. \"We should expose the public, so that they recognize that Asians also served honorably in the military and defended this country.\u003ci>\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors will now share the resolution with Bay Area Congress members. The hope is to get it passed before the end of the congressional session this year.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The board voted unanimously to urge Congress to honor Chinese-American World War II vets with the Congressional Gold Medal.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1528937867,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":342},"headData":{"title":"S.F. Supervisors Resolve to Honor Chinese-American WWII Vets | KQED","description":"The board voted unanimously to urge Congress to honor Chinese-American World War II vets with the Congressional Gold Medal.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11674499 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11674499","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/06/13/s-f-supervisors-resolve-to-honor-chinese-american-wwii-vets/","disqusTitle":"S.F. Supervisors Resolve to Honor Chinese-American WWII Vets","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/06/csWW2ChineseVets.mp3","path":"/news/11674499/s-f-supervisors-resolve-to-honor-chinese-american-wwii-vets","audioDuration":82000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted unanimously Tuesday on a resolution urging Congress to honor Chinese-American World War II veterans with the Congressional Gold Medal — the highest civilian award in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These veterans have given their lives for this country and they served diligently and honorably,\" said Eddie Chen, a member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cacanational.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chinese American Citizens Alliance\u003c/a>, which helped spearhead the Gold Medal resolution. \"This country should recognize their services and the time and effort they spent defending and serving on behalf of the United States of America during the most terrible time of World War II.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674519\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Eddie Chen of the Chinese American Citizens Alliance, which spearheaded the proposal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Eddie-Chen-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Chen of the Chinese American Citizens Alliance, which spearheaded the proposal. \u003ccite>(Photo: Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 13,000 Chinese-Americans served in the U.S. armed forces during the conflict, despite widespread anti-Asian sentiment at the time. Some estimates put the number at closer to 20,000. The majority served in the U.S. Army, in units such as the 3rd and 4th Infantry Divisions in Europe, and the 6th, 32nd and 77th Infantry Divisions in the Pacific.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronald Won, a 93-year-old former fighter pilot, was one of three Chinese-American vets honored at an event at San Francisco City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am glad I was able to serve this country,\" said Won. \"I always taught my children three principles: God comes first, then country, then family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674520\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"WWII fighter pilot Ronald Won shares his wartime memories at an event at San Francisco City Hall prior to the resolution going to vote before the Board of Supervisors.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Ronald-Won-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">WWII fighter pilot Ronald Won shares his wartime memories at an event at San Francisco City Hall prior to the resolution going to vote before the Board of Supervisors. \u003ccite>(Photo: Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Won says the Gold Medal resolution is important because many people don't know Asians served in the U.S. military. \"We should expose the public, so that they recognize that Asians also served honorably in the military and defended this country.\u003ci>\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors will now share the resolution with Bay Area Congress members. The hope is to get it passed before the end of the congressional session this year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11674499/s-f-supervisors-resolve-to-honor-chinese-american-wwii-vets","authors":["8608"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_23078","news_196","news_237","news_236"],"featImg":"news_11674511","label":"news_72"},"news_11668623":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11668623","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11668623","score":null,"sort":[1526506148000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold","title":"Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold","publishDate":1526506148,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a \"chicken incubator\" in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents -- including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports -- reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half -- 33 -- were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions -- a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. \"As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. \"People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Dangerous as Heck'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor's case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'No One Noticed'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” -- where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse -- are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they're in the program and that shelter \"staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California's Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry -- homeless services -- that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: \"Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies -- bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” -- meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I don’t begrudge oversight,\" she said. \"These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity -- like the city or county or federal government -- that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There's more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people -- all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. -- through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing -- are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,\" Anna Bahr, the mayor's deputy press secretary, said. \"Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site -- what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region's homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1526506200,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":120,"wordCount":3949},"headData":{"title":"Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold | KQED","description":"Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11668623 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11668623","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/05/16/why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold/","disqusTitle":"Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold","source":"KPCC","sourceUrl":"https://www.scpr.org/","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/about/people/staff/rina-palta\">Rina Palta\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11668623/why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/05/StrykerPaltaLAShelterConditions.mp3","audioDuration":203000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a \"chicken incubator\" in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents -- including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports -- reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half -- 33 -- were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions -- a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. \"As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. \"People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Dangerous as Heck'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor's case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'No One Noticed'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” -- where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse -- are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they're in the program and that shelter \"staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California's Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry -- homeless services -- that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: \"Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies -- bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” -- meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I don’t begrudge oversight,\" she said. \"These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity -- like the city or county or federal government -- that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There's more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people -- all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. -- through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing -- are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,\" Anna Bahr, the mayor's deputy press secretary, said. \"Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site -- what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region's homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11668623/why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold","authors":["byline_news_11668623"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_457","news_6266","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_3921","news_20305","news_4020","news_4","news_237"],"affiliates":["news_7055"],"featImg":"news_11668649","label":"source_news_11668623"},"news_11667527":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11667527","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11667527","score":null,"sort":[1526313042000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger","title":"The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger","publishDate":1526313042,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Dream | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Army veteran Bill Bruick spent his last night homeless lying on a tiny patch of dirt, now festooned with a pink flowering shrub behind a Food 4 Less grocery store in Riverside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no bushes,” Bruick said, pointing to the exact spot still remembering the lump in the ground. “I slept right here. I liked it because nobody could really see me back here. Nobody ever parked back here. I got lucky, you know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night in 2013 capped 10 years of living outside a shopping center for the 51-year-old Bruick, who resembles a young Charlton Heston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are around \u003ca href=\"https://www.va.gov/HOMELESS/pit_count.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">40,000 homeless veterans in the United States\u003c/a>, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. More than 11,000 of them \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2018/05/08/82894/in-hot-los-angeles-rental-market-veterans-with-hou/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">live in California\u003c/a>. The state has seen a 17 percent rise in homeless vets since 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Riverside is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usich.gov/solutions/collaborative-leadership/mayors-challenge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">only city in California\u003c/a> to end veteran homelessness, according to the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness. It is one of 62 communities in 32 states to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless vets suffer from substance abuse and mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick said depression and alcoholism had hobbled him since leaving the Army in 1996. He filled his days drinking beer and vodka. He started early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as the liquor store opened at 6 a.m.,” Bruick said. “I’d pass out during the day. Normally, around midnight, I’d stop. Even when I was sick, I’d still force alcohol down me because I would be shaking real bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven stints of rehab did nothing for Bruick. But one bout of alcohol poisoning and a letter from his two daughters in Germany expressing a desire to visit inspired change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, 'Wow, I’ve got to do something,’ ” Bruick said. “I don’t want them seeing me in this state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, Riverside was in the midst of embracing then-President Barack Obama’s push to the country’s mayors to end veteran homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a veteran myself, it was easy to for me to accept that challenge,” said Riverside Mayor Rusty Bailey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11667530\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11667530\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800.png 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-160x213.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-240x320.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-375x500.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Bruick in his apartment in Riverside, March 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Amita Sharma/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He had also seen two family friends’ anguished descent into homelessness. And he said when he was in the ninth grade, his church would feed the homeless on Sunday nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I walked in one night, I’m passing out food, taking a tray and there’s a classmate of mine, you could see ... ,” said Bailey, as he choked up recalling the encounter. “Sorry I get so emotional about this. It’s personal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey said he wanted the city’s outreach workers to get personal with homeless vets, by knowing their names and making repeated visits, sometimes as many as 50. Then came offers of a place to live. It is an approach called Housing First. The idea is to get vets off the street or out of shelters and into permanent housing before addressing substance abuse or mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the success stories to prove that Housing First is the right policy for ending homelessness,” Bailey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the project, veterans had access to VA housing vouchers. But Bailey still had to convince apartment owners to rent to people coming off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I pounded on the table and said it’s inexcusable to have veterans in our city who don’t have homes,” Bailey said. “Landlords, where are you at? And many of them stepped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they got a place to live, vets were paired up with social services, from mental health to substance abuse to job training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of 2016, Riverside had housed all 89 of its homeless vets. The city’s share of the feat was $348,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick was one of the Riverside program’s early beneficiaries. He went to rehab for the eighth time. Today, he lives in a one-bedroom apartment in Riverside with his fiancee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he works at a facility that houses vets until they’re placed in permanent homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love it,” Bruick said. “I can explain to them what my situation was. I say, 'I was like you. I had nothing.' Now I have a car and a place to live. A lot of the vets have had a hard time on the streets, and they don’t trust anyone. And we have to get them to trust us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey is now applying what the city learned through housing veterans to Riverside’s 400 chronically homeless people. The Riverside City Council backed a plan in March that would place them in housing before offering them social services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see what we’ve done and I’m proud of that,” Bailey said. “But I also see what we need to do and that worries me, because it’s easy to support veterans. It’s hard to support ex-cons or the mentally ill individuals or substance abusers shooting up in the parking lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another challenge is the chronically homeless also do not have access to the same well-financed federal housing vouchers and social services as veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gordon Walker, who heads San Diego’s Regional Task Force on the Homeless, is still optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you have the political will, the money tends to appear,” Walker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is not involved in the Riverside program, but he believes it could show the way forward for other California cities like Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those cities are some of the richest in the country,” Walker said. “It’s how the money is committed and how the citizens want their cities to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or as Bruick said, it is about cities having faith in all of their citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick has been sober now for five years. He has still not seen his daughters. But he is hoping for a visit with them and his five grandchildren this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1867\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1867px) 100vw, 1867px\">\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There are around 40,000 homeless veterans in the United States, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. More than 11,000 of them live in California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1526343691,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":1091},"headData":{"title":"The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger | KQED","description":"There are around 40,000 homeless veterans in the United States, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. More than 11,000 of them live in California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11667527 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11667527","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/05/14/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger/","disqusTitle":"The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger","source":"KPBS","sourceUrl":"http://www.kpbs.org/","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/05/RiversideHomelessSharma180514.mp3","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Amita Sharma\u003cbr />KPBS\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger","audioDuration":296000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Army veteran Bill Bruick spent his last night homeless lying on a tiny patch of dirt, now festooned with a pink flowering shrub behind a Food 4 Less grocery store in Riverside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no bushes,” Bruick said, pointing to the exact spot still remembering the lump in the ground. “I slept right here. I liked it because nobody could really see me back here. Nobody ever parked back here. I got lucky, you know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night in 2013 capped 10 years of living outside a shopping center for the 51-year-old Bruick, who resembles a young Charlton Heston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are around \u003ca href=\"https://www.va.gov/HOMELESS/pit_count.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">40,000 homeless veterans in the United States\u003c/a>, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. More than 11,000 of them \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2018/05/08/82894/in-hot-los-angeles-rental-market-veterans-with-hou/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">live in California\u003c/a>. The state has seen a 17 percent rise in homeless vets since 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Riverside is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usich.gov/solutions/collaborative-leadership/mayors-challenge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">only city in California\u003c/a> to end veteran homelessness, according to the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness. It is one of 62 communities in 32 states to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless vets suffer from substance abuse and mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick said depression and alcoholism had hobbled him since leaving the Army in 1996. He filled his days drinking beer and vodka. He started early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as the liquor store opened at 6 a.m.,” Bruick said. “I’d pass out during the day. Normally, around midnight, I’d stop. Even when I was sick, I’d still force alcohol down me because I would be shaking real bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven stints of rehab did nothing for Bruick. But one bout of alcohol poisoning and a letter from his two daughters in Germany expressing a desire to visit inspired change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, 'Wow, I’ve got to do something,’ ” Bruick said. “I don’t want them seeing me in this state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, Riverside was in the midst of embracing then-President Barack Obama’s push to the country’s mayors to end veteran homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a veteran myself, it was easy to for me to accept that challenge,” said Riverside Mayor Rusty Bailey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11667530\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11667530\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800.png 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-160x213.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-240x320.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/vet2_t800-375x500.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Bruick in his apartment in Riverside, March 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Amita Sharma/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He had also seen two family friends’ anguished descent into homelessness. And he said when he was in the ninth grade, his church would feed the homeless on Sunday nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I walked in one night, I’m passing out food, taking a tray and there’s a classmate of mine, you could see ... ,” said Bailey, as he choked up recalling the encounter. “Sorry I get so emotional about this. It’s personal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey said he wanted the city’s outreach workers to get personal with homeless vets, by knowing their names and making repeated visits, sometimes as many as 50. Then came offers of a place to live. It is an approach called Housing First. The idea is to get vets off the street or out of shelters and into permanent housing before addressing substance abuse or mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the success stories to prove that Housing First is the right policy for ending homelessness,” Bailey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the project, veterans had access to VA housing vouchers. But Bailey still had to convince apartment owners to rent to people coming off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I pounded on the table and said it’s inexcusable to have veterans in our city who don’t have homes,” Bailey said. “Landlords, where are you at? And many of them stepped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they got a place to live, vets were paired up with social services, from mental health to substance abuse to job training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of 2016, Riverside had housed all 89 of its homeless vets. The city’s share of the feat was $348,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick was one of the Riverside program’s early beneficiaries. He went to rehab for the eighth time. Today, he lives in a one-bedroom apartment in Riverside with his fiancee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he works at a facility that houses vets until they’re placed in permanent homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love it,” Bruick said. “I can explain to them what my situation was. I say, 'I was like you. I had nothing.' Now I have a car and a place to live. A lot of the vets have had a hard time on the streets, and they don’t trust anyone. And we have to get them to trust us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey is now applying what the city learned through housing veterans to Riverside’s 400 chronically homeless people. The Riverside City Council backed a plan in March that would place them in housing before offering them social services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see what we’ve done and I’m proud of that,” Bailey said. “But I also see what we need to do and that worries me, because it’s easy to support veterans. It’s hard to support ex-cons or the mentally ill individuals or substance abusers shooting up in the parking lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another challenge is the chronically homeless also do not have access to the same well-financed federal housing vouchers and social services as veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gordon Walker, who heads San Diego’s Regional Task Force on the Homeless, is still optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you have the political will, the money tends to appear,” Walker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is not involved in the Riverside program, but he believes it could show the way forward for other California cities like Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those cities are some of the richest in the country,” Walker said. “It’s how the money is committed and how the citizens want their cities to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or as Bruick said, it is about cities having faith in all of their citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruick has been sober now for five years. He has still not seen his daughters. But he is hoping for a visit with them and his five grandchildren this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1867\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1867px) 100vw, 1867px\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger","authors":["byline_news_11667527"],"programs":["news_72"],"series":["news_21879"],"categories":["news_1758","news_6266","news_8"],"tags":["news_4020","news_22732","news_237"],"affiliates":["news_7054"],"featImg":"news_11667529","label":"source_news_11667527"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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Reporters and producers will tell the personal stories and discuss the ideas that make up the history, future and current state of the California Dream.\r\n\r\nIs the dream still attainable for most people who live here? \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671006/what-was-your-familys-california-dream\">\u003cstrong>Tell us your California Dream story\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671006/what-was-your-familys-california-dream\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660152\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" />\u003c/a>","featImg":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/interstate-1920x1080-tight-crop.jpg","headData":{"title":"The California Dream Archives | KQED News","description":"The California Dream You became a Californian because someone in your family believed in a dream. A strong public education. 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