Why Cleaning Up Bayview-Hunters Point is an Issue of Reparations
Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California
The Toxic Site in Our Backyard
At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question
Is California’s Toxic Waste Regulator Letting Oversight Slide?
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She was in charge of KQED's portfolio of original podcasts and teams, and sets strategic plans for production and engagement.\r\n\r\nErika helped establish KQED's new housing affordability desk as senior editor. She was also a producer and editor for KQED's local news podcast called \u003cem>The Bay, \u003c/em>and wrote stories about housing in the Bay Area as a reporter for KQED News.\r\n\r\nErika joined KQED in 2017 after producing independent audio projects and podcasts in Southern California. She spent more than a dozen years reporting stories about law enforcement, breaking news, homelessness, government and the environment for KPCC in Los Angeles and KUT in Austin. She also volunteers as an editor and mentor for various journalism training programs.\r\n\r\nErika Aguilar is a proud Tejana from San Antonio. She believes in compromise, optimism and Selena.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/85bf7bb8dd9af4136525d94cef00f026?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"erikaaaguilar","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"podcasts","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Erika Aguilar | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/85bf7bb8dd9af4136525d94cef00f026?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/85bf7bb8dd9af4136525d94cef00f026?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/eaguilar"},"amontecillo":{"type":"authors","id":"11649","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11649","found":true},"name":"Alan Montecillo","firstName":"Alan","lastName":"Montecillo","slug":"amontecillo","email":"amontecillo@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Alan Montecillo is editor of \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/thebay\">The Bay\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>a local news and storytelling podcast from KQED. He's worked as a senior talk show producer for WILL in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, and was the founding producer and editor of \u003cem>Racist Sandwich\u003c/em>, a podcast about food, race, class, and gender. He is a Filipino-American from Hong Kong and a graduate of Reed College in Portland, Oregon.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"alanmontecillo","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alan Montecillo | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/amontecillo"},"eromero":{"type":"authors","id":"11746","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11746","found":true},"name":"Ezra David Romero","firstName":"Ezra David","lastName":"Romero","slug":"eromero","email":"eromero@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"Climate Reporter","bio":"Ezra David Romero is a climate reporter for KQED News. He covers the absence and excess of water in the Bay Area — think sea level rise, flooding and drought. For nearly a decade he’s covered how warming temperatures are altering the lives of Californians. He’s reported on farmers worried their pistachio trees aren’t getting enough sleep, families desperate for water, scientists studying dying giant sequoias, and alongside firefighters containing wildfires. His work has appeared on local stations across California and nationally on public radio shows like Morning Edition, Here and Now, All Things Considered and Science Friday. ","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"ezraromero","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ezra David Romero | KQED","description":"Climate Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/eromero"},"mesquinca":{"type":"authors","id":"11802","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11802","found":true},"name":"Maria Esquinca","firstName":"Maria","lastName":"Esquinca","slug":"mesquinca","email":"mesquinca@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"Producer, The Bay","bio":"María Esquinca is a producer of The Bay. Before that, she was a New York Women’s Foundation IGNITE Fellow at Latino USA. She worked at Radio Bilingue where she covered the San Joaquin Valley. Maria has interned at WLRN, News 21, The New York Times Student Journalism Institute and at Crain’s Detroit Business as a Dow Jones News Fund Business Reporting Intern. She is an MFA graduate from the University of Miami. In 2017, she graduated from the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication with a Master of Mass Communication. A fronteriza, she was born in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico and grew up in El Paso, Texas.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/77cedba18aae91da775038ba06dcd8d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@m_esquinca","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Maria Esquinca | KQED","description":"Producer, The Bay","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/77cedba18aae91da775038ba06dcd8d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/77cedba18aae91da775038ba06dcd8d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mesquinca"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11920960":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11920960","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11920960","score":null,"sort":[1659348010000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-cleaning-up-bayview-hunters-point-is-an-issue-of-reparations","title":"Why Cleaning Up Bayview-Hunters Point is an Issue of Reparations","publishDate":1659348010,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Why Cleaning Up Bayview-Hunters Point is an Issue of Reparations | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>If you talk to longtime residents of San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, you’ll hear lots of stories about people getting sick from cancer or respiratory illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people believe that the polluted areas in the neighborhood, like the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, are a big reason why. For decades, people in the Bayview have been surrounded by toxic chemicals coming from this Superfund site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the community is facing a combination of this historic pollution and the future threat of sea level rise. And advocates say that the best way forward — to repair the harm that’s been done and to help them adapt to climate change — is reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ezra David Romero,\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> climate reporter for KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3zqGGmo\">\u003cem>Episode transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2465399043&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ezra’s digital piece: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1979614/for-these-black-bayview-hunters-point-residents-reparations-include-safeguarding-against-rising-toxic-contamination\">For These Black Bayview-Hunters Point Residents, Reparations Include Safeguarding Against Rising, Toxic Contamination\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700690453,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":148},"headData":{"title":"Why Cleaning Up Bayview-Hunters Point is an Issue of Reparations | KQED","description":"If you talk to longtime residents of San Francisco's Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, you'll hear lots of stories about people getting sick from cancer or respiratory illnesses. Many people believe that the polluted areas in the neighborhood, like the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, are a big reason why. For decades, people in the Bayview have been","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2465399043.mp3?updated=1659128932","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11920960/why-cleaning-up-bayview-hunters-point-is-an-issue-of-reparations","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you talk to longtime residents of San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, you’ll hear lots of stories about people getting sick from cancer or respiratory illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people believe that the polluted areas in the neighborhood, like the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, are a big reason why. For decades, people in the Bayview have been surrounded by toxic chemicals coming from this Superfund site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the community is facing a combination of this historic pollution and the future threat of sea level rise. And advocates say that the best way forward — to repair the harm that’s been done and to help them adapt to climate change — is reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ezra David Romero,\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> climate reporter for KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3zqGGmo\">\u003cem>Episode transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2465399043&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ezra’s digital piece: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1979614/for-these-black-bayview-hunters-point-residents-reparations-include-safeguarding-against-rising-toxic-contamination\">For These Black Bayview-Hunters Point Residents, Reparations Include Safeguarding Against Rising, Toxic Contamination\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11920960/why-cleaning-up-bayview-hunters-point-is-an-issue-of-reparations","authors":["8654","11746","11802","11649"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_30656","news_1700","news_2923","news_3043","news_22598","news_20830"],"featImg":"news_11920963","label":"source_news_11920960"},"news_11899974":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11899974","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11899974","score":null,"sort":[1640181601000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","title":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California","publishDate":1640181601,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":253,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California officials have filed a statewide lawsuit against Walmart Inc. alleging that the company illegally disposed of hazardous waste at landfills across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Walmart%20Complaint.pdf\">42-page document filed Monday by state prosecutors\u003c/a>, the lawsuit alleges the retail giant illegally dumped nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta and 12 California district attorneys said Walmart violated California's environmental laws and regulations by dumping hazardous waste products at landfills that aren't equipped to handle the materials, including alkaline and lithium batteries, insect killer sprays, aerosol cans, toxic cleaning supplies and LED lightbulbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rob Bonta, California Attorney General\"]'Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year.'[/pullquote]The lawsuit also claims Walmart dumped \"confidential customer information\" at these landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year. From there, these products may seep into the state's drinking water as toxic pollutants or into the air as dangerous gases,\" Bonta said \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-announces-statewide-lawsuit-against-walmart-illegal\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said the lawsuit filed against the retail giant should serve as a warning to the state's \"worst offenders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement to NPR, Walmart said the company will defend itself and said the lawsuit is \"unjustified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have met with the state numerous times and walked them through our industry-leading hazardous waste compliance programs in an effort to avoid litigation. Instead, they filed this unjustified lawsuit,\" Walmart spokesperson Randy Hargrove said. \"The state is demanding a level of compliance regarding waste disposal from our stores of common household products and other items that goes beyond what is required by law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest lawsuit filed against Walmart isn't the company's first with the state of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='environment']In 2010, the California Attorney General's Office reached a $25 million settlement against the retail giant for illegally disposing of hazardous waste. But according to the attorney general's office, a 2015 inspection found that Walmart continued to dump waste illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart is a responsible corporate citizen in California and everywhere we operate. We take our obligation to protect the environment seriously and have industry-leading processes in place to comply with local, state and federal environmental laws,\" Hargrove said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, California investigators said 58 inspections of trash compactors taken from Walmart stores found dozens of items classified as either hazardous waste, medical waste or customer records with personal information.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State prosecutors accuse Walmart of illegally dumping nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1640203136,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":458},"headData":{"title":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California | KQED","description":"State prosecutors accuse Walmart of illegally dumping nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11899974 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11899974","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/12/22/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california/","disqusTitle":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/1019412563/jonathan-franklin\">Jonathan Franklin\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11899974/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California officials have filed a statewide lawsuit against Walmart Inc. alleging that the company illegally disposed of hazardous waste at landfills across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Walmart%20Complaint.pdf\">42-page document filed Monday by state prosecutors\u003c/a>, the lawsuit alleges the retail giant illegally dumped nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta and 12 California district attorneys said Walmart violated California's environmental laws and regulations by dumping hazardous waste products at landfills that aren't equipped to handle the materials, including alkaline and lithium batteries, insect killer sprays, aerosol cans, toxic cleaning supplies and LED lightbulbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Rob Bonta, California Attorney General","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The lawsuit also claims Walmart dumped \"confidential customer information\" at these landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year. From there, these products may seep into the state's drinking water as toxic pollutants or into the air as dangerous gases,\" Bonta said \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-announces-statewide-lawsuit-against-walmart-illegal\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said the lawsuit filed against the retail giant should serve as a warning to the state's \"worst offenders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement to NPR, Walmart said the company will defend itself and said the lawsuit is \"unjustified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have met with the state numerous times and walked them through our industry-leading hazardous waste compliance programs in an effort to avoid litigation. Instead, they filed this unjustified lawsuit,\" Walmart spokesperson Randy Hargrove said. \"The state is demanding a level of compliance regarding waste disposal from our stores of common household products and other items that goes beyond what is required by law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest lawsuit filed against Walmart isn't the company's first with the state of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"environment"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 2010, the California Attorney General's Office reached a $25 million settlement against the retail giant for illegally disposing of hazardous waste. But according to the attorney general's office, a 2015 inspection found that Walmart continued to dump waste illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart is a responsible corporate citizen in California and everywhere we operate. We take our obligation to protect the environment seriously and have industry-leading processes in place to comply with local, state and federal environmental laws,\" Hargrove said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, California investigators said 58 inspections of trash compactors taken from Walmart stores found dozens of items classified as either hazardous waste, medical waste or customer records with personal information.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11899974/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","authors":["byline_news_11899974"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20023","news_18299","news_25283","news_30354","news_5798","news_24849","news_2920","news_3674","news_20830","news_1563"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11899993","label":"news_253"},"news_11667744":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11667744","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11667744","score":null,"sort":[1526032827000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-toxic-site-in-our-backyard","title":"The Toxic Site in Our Backyard","publishDate":1526032827,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The Toxic Site in Our Backyard | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>For a housing starved San Francisco, Hunters Point might look like a developers dreamland. The area has large plots of land, a waterfront and beautiful vistas. But the land has been making headlines lately with news of pollution, botched tests and radioactive waste. The latest is that the newly developed residential area called “Parcel A” may be more dangerous than previously thought. And residents are mad and suing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/cbloggy\">Chris Roberts\u003c/a>, investigative reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Subscribe to The Bay:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/m/I4n2qepiu5z3mcloidj7ajqluoi?t=The_Bay\">Google Play Music\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Local-News/The-Bay-p1101507/\">TuneIn\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://radiopublic.com/the-bay-Wa2Jpb\">Radio Public\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Read \u003ca href=\"//sf.curbed.com/2018/5/4/17320698/hunters-point-shipyard-safe-fraud-scandal-contamination-testing”\">more of Chris Roberts’ reporting\u003c/a> on Hunters Point Shipyard and follow him on Twitter @cbloggy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700700951,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":91},"headData":{"title":"The Toxic Site in Our Backyard | KQED","description":"Read more of Chris Roberts’ reporting on Hunters Point Shipyard and follow him on Twitter @cbloggy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay","audioUrl":"https://od1.kqed.org/anon.kqed/radio/thebay/2018/05/05.mp3","audioTrackLength":897,"path":"/news/11667744/the-toxic-site-in-our-backyard","audioDuration":896000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For a housing starved San Francisco, Hunters Point might look like a developers dreamland. The area has large plots of land, a waterfront and beautiful vistas. But the land has been making headlines lately with news of pollution, botched tests and radioactive waste. The latest is that the newly developed residential area called “Parcel A” may be more dangerous than previously thought. And residents are mad and suing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/cbloggy\">Chris Roberts\u003c/a>, investigative reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Subscribe to The Bay:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/m/I4n2qepiu5z3mcloidj7ajqluoi?t=The_Bay\">Google Play Music\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Local-News/The-Bay-p1101507/\">TuneIn\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://radiopublic.com/the-bay-Wa2Jpb\">Radio Public\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11667744/the-toxic-site-in-our-backyard","authors":["11382"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_23203","news_22598","news_20830"],"featImg":"news_11652466","label":"source_news_11667744"},"news_11359487":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11359487","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11359487","score":null,"sort":[1494918613000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","title":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question","publishDate":1494918613,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>It's been more than half a century since an experimental nuclear reactor at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory near Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p10/a352292\">suffered a partial nuclear meltdown\u003c/a>, spewing radiation over a period of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private industry and government agencies followed that with repeated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html#document/p21/a351479\">chemical \u003c/a>spills,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p9/a339581\"> accidental releases \u003c/a>of more radioactive material and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752144-1958-Burn-Pit-Memo.html#document/p1/a282086\">the open-air burning of poisonous chemicals\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2337520-carr-declaration.html#document/p40/a238263\">gases\u003c/a> at the former site use for the development and testing of nuclear reactors, rockets, missiles and munitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html#document/p12/a352294\"> NASA\u003c/a> and the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">Department of Energy\u003c/a> are behind on their legal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\">agreements \u003c/a>to clean up all traces of the pollution they’d caused at the mountaintop laboratory about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Company, which inherited more than three-quarters of the laboratory grounds when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, waged a\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2428063-the-federal-court-ruling-that-overturned-sb-990.html#document/p13/a242520\"> successful lawsuit\u003c/a> to overturn similarly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200720080SB990&search_keywords=\">rigorous cleanup requirements\u003c/a> for its share of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, it has been preparing its cleanup under the terms of a 2007 consent order in which the state Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p8/a352028\">allows the company to write \u003c/a>its own risk assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Qk5l28CgHB2xlwhGy1TZJOiCNrqhhiVM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has completed numerous studies on where the contamination is and how to clean it up, in accordance with DTSC requirements. It's filed scores of reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2007 order stipulates that Boeing must complete remediation of contaminated soil and related cleanup tasks \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p10/a352720\">by the end of next month\u003c/a>. Dave Dassler, the company's site closure director, estimates that might require digging out and hauling away up to 400,000 cubic yards of dirt, enough to fill the Rose Bowl. The digging hasn't even started.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boeing Creates Easement to Set Aside Land as Open Space\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many public health and environmental activists say that Boeing's characterization of the threat posed by the contamination at Santa Susana is far too permissive for a severely contaminated site that is only half a mile away and steeply uphill from residential neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a recent Boeing legal maneuver may clear the way for the company to negotiate terms that are even less rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367884\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367884\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Company officials have long declared that Boeing will preserve its property as open space to protect wildlife and preserve pre-Columbian historic sites in the hills adjacent to former test and accident sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Boeing has made that commitment legally binding by granting the Pennsylvania-based \u003ca href=\"http://northamericanlandtrust.org/\">North American Land Trust\u003c/a> a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p4/a351999\">conservation easement\u003c/a> that declares the company's property permanent open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, activists have predicted that Santa Susana, which is surrounded by suburbs, might be turned into a housing development. Now the company's agreement with the land trust \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p8/a352001\">bars \u003c/a>residential, commercial, industrial or agricultural development, North American president Stephen Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now.'\u003ccite>Clark Stevens, Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark Stevens, executive officer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcdsmm.org/\">Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a>, said the agreement protects a vital travel corridor for wildlife, such as deer and mountain lions, between the Los Padres National Forest to the north and the Santa Monica Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens, who has worked with conservation easements for 15 years, said Boeing stands to receive a substantial tax write-off for voiding its property's development value. He said the public will benefit as well, because the building ban is legally inviolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It rides with the land,\" he said. \"It doesn't matter who the owner is in the future. They will be restricted by the conservation easement. My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now, because Boeing saying they would keep it open space was just a policy that could change. This easement changes that. It has teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a firm development prohibition in place, it's appropriate to reconsider cleanup standards, Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we know we have protected open space, we should take seriously the fact that no one will ever live there and not overdo the cleanup,\" he said. \"My organization does habitat restoration. You can't restore land that has been scraped to bare rock.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-960x612.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-520x331.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other Boeing officials, company spokeswoman Megan Hilfer has argued that Boeing is committed to making its property clean enough for people to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with the easement in place, the cleanup standard Boeing will apply \"remains to be seen,\" Hilfer said in a telephone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsh, president, Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We look forward to working with the DTSC to determine the appropriate cleanup actions for Boeing's portion of Santa Susana,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz,\u003c/a> fears the conservation easement will undermine a thorough cleanup at the field laboratory. By declaring its land \"open space,\" Boeing glosses over the fact that its contamination is very close to residential neighborhoods, Hirsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simi Hills, where the laboratory is located, lie between the suburban communities of Chatsworth and Simi Valley. Residential neighborhoods extend to within half a mile of the laboratory gates, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.simivalley.org/index.aspx?page=795\">a new housing development\u003c/a> is rising just north of the portion of Santa Susana where the experimental reactor once operated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a public meeting this month, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Santa_Susana_Field_Lab/ssfl_contacts.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">project team leader \u003c/a>for Santa Susana at the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Toxic Substances Control\u003c/a>, Mark Malinowski, said the department only recently received a copy of Boeing's easement agreement and hasn't determined how it might affect the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malinowski questioned whether the laboratory endangers its neighbors. He said a detailed survey of a property next to the laboratory's most active radiological site didn't find any contaminants that would pose a public threat. DTSC spokesman Russ Edmondson said the same holds true for the rest of the land around the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11439172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11439172 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Malinowski, Santa Susana project team leader for the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, answers a question at a public meeting. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That drew a terse response from Denise Duffield, associate director of Physicians for Social Responsibility in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So how do they know better than the National Academy of Sciences?\" she asked. \"The academy says there is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nirs.org/press/06-30-2005/\">no safe exposure level\u003c/a> for radioactivity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rigorous Should the Safety Standards Be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/\">Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board \u003c/a>has repeatedly called attention to poisons and radioactive material in runoff from the laboratory. In 2007, for instance, it fined Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3701400-pressrelease2007-0911boeingpaysfine.html\">$471,000 \u003c/a> for releasing wastewater with elevated levels of chromium, dioxin, lead and mercury. Tests in 2009 found elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352759\">cesium-137\u003c/a>, copper and\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352758\"> lead\u003c/a>. In 2010, the board fined Boeing again after the laboratory's runoff contained levels of radioactive materials, dioxins, mercury and other contaminants that the board \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717282-50621720-Complaint.html#document/p5/a352775\">considered excessive\u003c/a>. This time, the fine was for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3699738-50624955-CJ.html#document/p3/a352286\">$500,000.\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"SS_L3\">\u003cspan class=\"verdana\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Malinowski stood by his claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The numbers that the water board looks at for their discharge limits are much, much lower than human health standards are,\" he said. \"They are extremely low numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board isn't the only government agency with stricter requirements than those the DTSC is applying at Santa Susana. Records show the department is holding Boeing to much weaker standards than the federal government’ s general guidelines as well. One example: The state has accepted a threshold for strontium 90, a carcinogen, that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p2/a337179\">more than 1,000 times\u003c/a> more lenient than the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p1/a337178\">cleanup standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11378766 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"RS24779_Lead-qut\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it can clean up a toxic site, a pollution control agency has to identify where the contamination is and how dangerous it is. To do that, it chooses from a range of possible “risk-based screening levels” that can be used to create a pollution map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal EPA's standard for determining how much pollution must be removed from a polluted site is to achieve a contaminant level low enough that the pollution can be expected to cause no more than one cancer per million people over a 30-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators may set different screening levels depending on the land’s expected use, but residential scenarios are strict, because that’s where people spend the most time and face the greatest risk from pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, the EPA considers the possibility that residents will eat fruit and vegetables from backyard gardens. It’s not that the EPA is trying to promote gardening. It’s the agency’s way of acknowledging that often, ingesting contaminants is more dangerous than merely passing by them or touching them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has argued that a residential cleanup isn't necessary at Santa Susana because nobody is going to live there. The company has promised that it would clean the land to a residential standard anyway, to be absolutely sure that the environment is protected, as well as the health of people living nearby or visiting the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residential scenarios are more rigorous than others. DTSC scientists who assesses the health risks of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3519086-65750-DTSC-Comments-on-Draft-HH-RBSLs-TM-2012-05.html#document/p6/a344374\">recommended \u003c/a>including a strict residential standard in setting the screening levels for Santa Susana. But in 2013, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2433969-boeing-soil-scl-submittal-and-dtsc-approval.html#document/p4/a245064\">accepted\u003c/a> a Boeing method that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516752-Risk-Assessment-Excerpt.html\">skipped\u003c/a> the strictest benchmarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result was a 2015 risk assessment in which Boeing discreetly contradicted itself. It started out by claiming the pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p26/a343144\">really wasn’t that bad\u003c/a>. But buried in an appendix was an acknowledgment that if Boeing were to factor in the possibility of people eating fruit and vegetables grown on the site, it would have to admit to a cancer risk as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p622/a343149\">three in 10\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An assessment for another portion of the laboratory grounds acknowledged that if Boeing were to apply the strict standard there, it would have to admit the pollution was severe enough that for every 10 hypothetical people living there,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3522589-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data-Summary.html#document/p2856/a345374\"> nine would get cancer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html#document/p2/a343151\"> infuriated elected officials\u003c/a>, who pointed out that real people live very close to these sites. The DTSC \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514661-67213-2016-08-23-DTSC-Cmmnt-Ltr-and-Cmmnts-for.html#document/p2/a343156\">ordered\u003c/a> Boeing to change its assessments to include gardens. But Boeing didn't change its screening methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-960x635.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-375x248.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to repeated inquiries, department public affairs officials offered no explanation as to why the DTSC allowed Boeing to continue to employ a screening method the department had expressly forbidden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in a March 24 email, Boeing spokeswoman Megan Hilfer defended the company's ongoing use of the less rigorous standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When considering a risk-based approach, future land use is a critical consideration to ensure the property is adequately cleaned for that end use, while also protecting against adverse cleanup impacts to natural and cultural resources,\" the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is why including a garden exposure pathway in that assessment for Santa Susana, as some have suggested, makes no sense: the property will be legally-restricted open space where no produce of any kind will ever be grown for consumption on-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such arguments anger John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't tell me no pollution comes down every time it rains, every time the ground shakes, when the wind blows, we're all victims,\" he said. \"Including me. Including my wife. Including her daughter. We're all victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Reporting for this \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-susana-field-laboratory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of stories\u003c/a> received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Boeing set aside the land near L.A. for conservation, but watchdogs fear cleanup standards will slip at Santa Susana Field Laboratory.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1494893819,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":51,"wordCount":2071},"headData":{"title":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question | KQED","description":"Boeing set aside the land near L.A. for conservation, but watchdogs fear cleanup standards will slip at Santa Susana Field Laboratory.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11359487 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11359487","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/16/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question/","disqusTitle":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question","path":"/news/11359487/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been more than half a century since an experimental nuclear reactor at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory near Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p10/a352292\">suffered a partial nuclear meltdown\u003c/a>, spewing radiation over a period of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private industry and government agencies followed that with repeated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html#document/p21/a351479\">chemical \u003c/a>spills,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p9/a339581\"> accidental releases \u003c/a>of more radioactive material and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752144-1958-Burn-Pit-Memo.html#document/p1/a282086\">the open-air burning of poisonous chemicals\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2337520-carr-declaration.html#document/p40/a238263\">gases\u003c/a> at the former site use for the development and testing of nuclear reactors, rockets, missiles and munitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html#document/p12/a352294\"> NASA\u003c/a> and the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">Department of Energy\u003c/a> are behind on their legal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\">agreements \u003c/a>to clean up all traces of the pollution they’d caused at the mountaintop laboratory about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Company, which inherited more than three-quarters of the laboratory grounds when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, waged a\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2428063-the-federal-court-ruling-that-overturned-sb-990.html#document/p13/a242520\"> successful lawsuit\u003c/a> to overturn similarly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200720080SB990&search_keywords=\">rigorous cleanup requirements\u003c/a> for its share of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, it has been preparing its cleanup under the terms of a 2007 consent order in which the state Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p8/a352028\">allows the company to write \u003c/a>its own risk assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has completed numerous studies on where the contamination is and how to clean it up, in accordance with DTSC requirements. It's filed scores of reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2007 order stipulates that Boeing must complete remediation of contaminated soil and related cleanup tasks \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p10/a352720\">by the end of next month\u003c/a>. Dave Dassler, the company's site closure director, estimates that might require digging out and hauling away up to 400,000 cubic yards of dirt, enough to fill the Rose Bowl. The digging hasn't even started.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boeing Creates Easement to Set Aside Land as Open Space\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many public health and environmental activists say that Boeing's characterization of the threat posed by the contamination at Santa Susana is far too permissive for a severely contaminated site that is only half a mile away and steeply uphill from residential neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a recent Boeing legal maneuver may clear the way for the company to negotiate terms that are even less rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367884\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367884\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Company officials have long declared that Boeing will preserve its property as open space to protect wildlife and preserve pre-Columbian historic sites in the hills adjacent to former test and accident sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Boeing has made that commitment legally binding by granting the Pennsylvania-based \u003ca href=\"http://northamericanlandtrust.org/\">North American Land Trust\u003c/a> a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p4/a351999\">conservation easement\u003c/a> that declares the company's property permanent open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, activists have predicted that Santa Susana, which is surrounded by suburbs, might be turned into a housing development. Now the company's agreement with the land trust \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p8/a352001\">bars \u003c/a>residential, commercial, industrial or agricultural development, North American president Stephen Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now.'\u003ccite>Clark Stevens, Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark Stevens, executive officer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcdsmm.org/\">Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a>, said the agreement protects a vital travel corridor for wildlife, such as deer and mountain lions, between the Los Padres National Forest to the north and the Santa Monica Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens, who has worked with conservation easements for 15 years, said Boeing stands to receive a substantial tax write-off for voiding its property's development value. He said the public will benefit as well, because the building ban is legally inviolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It rides with the land,\" he said. \"It doesn't matter who the owner is in the future. They will be restricted by the conservation easement. My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now, because Boeing saying they would keep it open space was just a policy that could change. This easement changes that. It has teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a firm development prohibition in place, it's appropriate to reconsider cleanup standards, Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we know we have protected open space, we should take seriously the fact that no one will ever live there and not overdo the cleanup,\" he said. \"My organization does habitat restoration. You can't restore land that has been scraped to bare rock.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-960x612.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-520x331.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other Boeing officials, company spokeswoman Megan Hilfer has argued that Boeing is committed to making its property clean enough for people to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with the easement in place, the cleanup standard Boeing will apply \"remains to be seen,\" Hilfer said in a telephone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsh, president, Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We look forward to working with the DTSC to determine the appropriate cleanup actions for Boeing's portion of Santa Susana,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz,\u003c/a> fears the conservation easement will undermine a thorough cleanup at the field laboratory. By declaring its land \"open space,\" Boeing glosses over the fact that its contamination is very close to residential neighborhoods, Hirsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simi Hills, where the laboratory is located, lie between the suburban communities of Chatsworth and Simi Valley. Residential neighborhoods extend to within half a mile of the laboratory gates, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.simivalley.org/index.aspx?page=795\">a new housing development\u003c/a> is rising just north of the portion of Santa Susana where the experimental reactor once operated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a public meeting this month, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Santa_Susana_Field_Lab/ssfl_contacts.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">project team leader \u003c/a>for Santa Susana at the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Toxic Substances Control\u003c/a>, Mark Malinowski, said the department only recently received a copy of Boeing's easement agreement and hasn't determined how it might affect the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malinowski questioned whether the laboratory endangers its neighbors. He said a detailed survey of a property next to the laboratory's most active radiological site didn't find any contaminants that would pose a public threat. DTSC spokesman Russ Edmondson said the same holds true for the rest of the land around the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11439172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11439172 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Malinowski, Santa Susana project team leader for the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, answers a question at a public meeting. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That drew a terse response from Denise Duffield, associate director of Physicians for Social Responsibility in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So how do they know better than the National Academy of Sciences?\" she asked. \"The academy says there is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nirs.org/press/06-30-2005/\">no safe exposure level\u003c/a> for radioactivity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rigorous Should the Safety Standards Be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/\">Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board \u003c/a>has repeatedly called attention to poisons and radioactive material in runoff from the laboratory. In 2007, for instance, it fined Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3701400-pressrelease2007-0911boeingpaysfine.html\">$471,000 \u003c/a> for releasing wastewater with elevated levels of chromium, dioxin, lead and mercury. Tests in 2009 found elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352759\">cesium-137\u003c/a>, copper and\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352758\"> lead\u003c/a>. In 2010, the board fined Boeing again after the laboratory's runoff contained levels of radioactive materials, dioxins, mercury and other contaminants that the board \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717282-50621720-Complaint.html#document/p5/a352775\">considered excessive\u003c/a>. This time, the fine was for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3699738-50624955-CJ.html#document/p3/a352286\">$500,000.\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"SS_L3\">\u003cspan class=\"verdana\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Malinowski stood by his claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The numbers that the water board looks at for their discharge limits are much, much lower than human health standards are,\" he said. \"They are extremely low numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board isn't the only government agency with stricter requirements than those the DTSC is applying at Santa Susana. Records show the department is holding Boeing to much weaker standards than the federal government’ s general guidelines as well. One example: The state has accepted a threshold for strontium 90, a carcinogen, that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p2/a337179\">more than 1,000 times\u003c/a> more lenient than the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p1/a337178\">cleanup standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11378766 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"RS24779_Lead-qut\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it can clean up a toxic site, a pollution control agency has to identify where the contamination is and how dangerous it is. To do that, it chooses from a range of possible “risk-based screening levels” that can be used to create a pollution map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal EPA's standard for determining how much pollution must be removed from a polluted site is to achieve a contaminant level low enough that the pollution can be expected to cause no more than one cancer per million people over a 30-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators may set different screening levels depending on the land’s expected use, but residential scenarios are strict, because that’s where people spend the most time and face the greatest risk from pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, the EPA considers the possibility that residents will eat fruit and vegetables from backyard gardens. It’s not that the EPA is trying to promote gardening. It’s the agency’s way of acknowledging that often, ingesting contaminants is more dangerous than merely passing by them or touching them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has argued that a residential cleanup isn't necessary at Santa Susana because nobody is going to live there. The company has promised that it would clean the land to a residential standard anyway, to be absolutely sure that the environment is protected, as well as the health of people living nearby or visiting the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residential scenarios are more rigorous than others. DTSC scientists who assesses the health risks of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3519086-65750-DTSC-Comments-on-Draft-HH-RBSLs-TM-2012-05.html#document/p6/a344374\">recommended \u003c/a>including a strict residential standard in setting the screening levels for Santa Susana. But in 2013, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2433969-boeing-soil-scl-submittal-and-dtsc-approval.html#document/p4/a245064\">accepted\u003c/a> a Boeing method that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516752-Risk-Assessment-Excerpt.html\">skipped\u003c/a> the strictest benchmarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result was a 2015 risk assessment in which Boeing discreetly contradicted itself. It started out by claiming the pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p26/a343144\">really wasn’t that bad\u003c/a>. But buried in an appendix was an acknowledgment that if Boeing were to factor in the possibility of people eating fruit and vegetables grown on the site, it would have to admit to a cancer risk as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p622/a343149\">three in 10\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An assessment for another portion of the laboratory grounds acknowledged that if Boeing were to apply the strict standard there, it would have to admit the pollution was severe enough that for every 10 hypothetical people living there,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3522589-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data-Summary.html#document/p2856/a345374\"> nine would get cancer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html#document/p2/a343151\"> infuriated elected officials\u003c/a>, who pointed out that real people live very close to these sites. The DTSC \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514661-67213-2016-08-23-DTSC-Cmmnt-Ltr-and-Cmmnts-for.html#document/p2/a343156\">ordered\u003c/a> Boeing to change its assessments to include gardens. But Boeing didn't change its screening methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-960x635.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-375x248.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to repeated inquiries, department public affairs officials offered no explanation as to why the DTSC allowed Boeing to continue to employ a screening method the department had expressly forbidden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in a March 24 email, Boeing spokeswoman Megan Hilfer defended the company's ongoing use of the less rigorous standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When considering a risk-based approach, future land use is a critical consideration to ensure the property is adequately cleaned for that end use, while also protecting against adverse cleanup impacts to natural and cultural resources,\" the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is why including a garden exposure pathway in that assessment for Santa Susana, as some have suggested, makes no sense: the property will be legally-restricted open space where no produce of any kind will ever be grown for consumption on-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such arguments anger John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't tell me no pollution comes down every time it rains, every time the ground shakes, when the wind blows, we're all victims,\" he said. \"Including me. Including my wife. Including her daughter. We're all victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Reporting for this \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-susana-field-laboratory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of stories\u003c/a> received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11359487/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","authors":["219"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_4888","news_18299","news_20796","news_17286","news_20830"],"featImg":"news_11459627","label":"news_72"},"news_11359491":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11359491","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11359491","score":null,"sort":[1493073024000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"is-californias-toxic-waste-regulator-letting-enforcement-slide","title":"Is California’s Toxic Waste Regulator Letting Oversight Slide?","publishDate":1493073024,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting for this series of stories received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California generates an \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3469186-Kettleman-FAQ-Final-5-20-14.html#document/p8/a339164\" target=\"_blank\">average of 1.7 million tons\u003c/a> of hazardous waste each year. That ranges from industrial pollution to discarded household products. It includes liquids, solid, or gases that science has determined \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3469185-Hwmp-defininghw111.html#document/p1/a339165\" target=\"_blank\">pose a threat\u003c/a> to human or other life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency charged with protecting California’s people and environment by making sure these substances are handled safely is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/DTSC_Overview.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC).\u003c/a> The DTSC regulates thousands of businesses and institutions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/sitecleanup/\" target=\"_blank\">completes some 125 cleanups\u003c/a> a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"6QfGDFTtTQRDemAtpql54frXzk5eVwbd\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years the department has faced criticism from environmentalists, neighbors of industrial sites and state legislators. They accuse the department of allowing some cleanup projects to drag on, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/21/decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site/\" target=\"_blank\">sometimes for decades\u003c/a>. They point to fiscal mismanagement, sloppy record keeping and an opaque institutional culture that makes it hard to find out when the public is in danger or what’s being done about it. Some of these critics say state regulators have been indifferent to the public, cozy with polluters and slow in enforcing regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to the critiques, DTSC executives published a reform plan five years ago called \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468895-Fixing-the-Foundation-WP.html\">Fixing the Foundation: Restoring Public Trust in the DTSC\u003c/a>. The plan called for improving communication with the public and identified ways to shift cleanup costs from taxpayers to polluters. It also laid out strategies to make enforcement actions more consistent and transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, the department has set up a branch specifically assigned to investigate and correct environmental problems in poor minority communities plagued with the worst pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420398 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-800x606.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, left, swears in Ana Mascareñas, right, as the department's first assistant director for environmental justice.\" width=\"800\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-800x606.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-960x728.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-375x284.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-520x394.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, swears in Ana Mascareñas, right, as the department's first assistant director for environmental justice. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To encourage progress, state lawmakers established an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Independent-Review-Panel.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Review Panel \u003c/a> -- currently consisting of an environmental \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Kracov.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">attorney\u003c/a>, a former San Diego County environmental \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Vizzier.cfm\">regulator \u003c/a>and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Campbell.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">toxicologist \u003c/a> -- to make recommendations on the department's performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel's suggestions have ranged from bookkeeping improvements to better public notice on how a factory’s emissions might threaten neighbors’ health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DTSC director, Barbara Lee, says she's committed to transforming her department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee's staff turned down requests over two years for an interview. But in a letter to the review panel last September, Lee \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675305-DTSC-Report-on-People-S-Senate-2015-Site.html#document/p2/a349571\">described \u003c/a>actions the department has taken to improve its programs and policies. These include including hiring seven new executive leaders over the past year; giving the department's public participation office more authority and resources; creating the Office of Environmental Justice and Tribal Affairs; and starting an Organizational Excellence Initiative to make the DTSC more diverse and inclusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee also said she's changing the permitting process for hazardous waste sites so they will be more protective, more enforceable and better explained to the public. The letter included a site-by-site \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675305-DTSC-Report-on-People-S-Senate-2015-Site.html#document/p5/a349572\">description \u003c/a>of DTSC actions and how the department has responded to neighbors' and environmentalists' concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Department executives point to the department's oversight at the Chemical Waste Management \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/CWMI_Kettleman.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">landfill in Kettleman Hills\u003c/a> as an example of the DTSC's new focus on environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kettleman Hills neighbors have long fought for tougher regulation. They blame the landfill's polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, for serious illnesses and birth defects in the surrounding communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DTSC settled a federal civil rights complaint filed by Kettleman Hills neighbors after the department gave permission for the landfill to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We have access to agency heads that we've never had before.'\u003ccite>Kettleman Hills neighbor Maricela Mares-Alatorre\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes the department's promise to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p5/a349589\">support a health assessment\u003c/a> that analyzes the health effects in Kettleman City from exposure to pollution, including air pollution, hazardous waste and other contaminants. It sets \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p4/a349588\">standards \u003c/a>for air monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next three years, the agreement requires the DTSC to consider \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p4/a349587\">a list of factors\u003c/a> related to environmental justice in reviewing applications to expand the landfill or renew its operating permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The settlement is groundbreaking,\" said Maricela Mares-Alatorre, a Kettleman Hills neighbor and community organizer for the environmental group \u003ca href=\"http://greenaction.org/?page_id=183\">Greenaction\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before this, it wasn't in (the department's) nature to respond to civil rights complaints,\" she said. \"We've filed complaints where it took them 18 years to respond. But this agreement is court-enforceable. We have access to agency heads that we've never had before. We're hoping this will be a model not only for our community, but throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists say the DTSC's recent record elsewhere in California is far less promising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to Lee's reports of progress on DTSC improvements, a coalition of activists from hazardous waste sites throughout the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468930-Groundtruthing-Report-Final-Draft.html#document/p1/a339161\">reported last October \u003c/a>that the department has neglected its promises to reform. In January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468931-CEJA-AgencyAssessment-2016-FINAL.html#document/p5/a339162\">a follow-up report from the Environmental Justice Alliance \u003c/a>gave the department poor marks for meeting principles of environmental justice such as communication. In some cases DTSC decisions taken behind closed doors have made situations worse, the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gideon Kracov is chairman of the Independent Review Panel. In his \u003ca href=\"http://calchannel.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=7&clip_id=4113\"> annual report to state legislators\u003c/a> in February, he, too, described some of the reform efforts as falling short.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Backlogged Permitting Process Weakens Enforcement Efforts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Permitting facilities is an area where the department struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the DTSC are responsible for issuing what's called \"Tier 1\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/upload/hazwaste_facility_permits.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">permits \u003c/a>to the 118 facilities that store or handle the most hazardous waste. These permits are like company-specific regulation books, issued for 10-year terms, with operators required to seek renewal six months before their permits expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an operator meets that deadline, the facility may continue to operate under a \"continued\" permit. While the original conditions still apply, there’s no way to require improved safeguards, technologies and practices that may have been developed since the original one was issued. Further, the old permit won’t address changes that have occurred near the facility, such as new housing construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his legislative report, Kracov said the DTSC continues to let some companies operate for years on expired permits. Seven years from now, in 2024, the department still expects to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3462861-April-21-2016-57014-F-Letter-Report-1.html#document/p5/a344874\">30 of the facilities it oversees\u003c/a> operating on permits that are more than five years past their expiration dates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11368502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11368502 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Department of Toxic Substances Control let Exide Technologies, an East Los Angeles battery recycling plant, operate for more than 30 years on an "interim" hazardous waste permit. Such permits are vital tools to regulate companies that store and handle the most dangerous pollution. Failing to keep a permit up to date impedes the DTSC in regulating the company. Revelations about out-of-date licenses at Exide and other companies prompted a wave of public outrage. The DTSC promised to catch up. This table from a report by the department's Independent Review Panel shows that the department doesn't expect to have all licenses up to date anytime soon.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1460\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-160x122.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-800x608.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-1020x776.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-1180x897.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-960x730.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-240x183.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-375x285.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-520x395.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Department of Toxic Substances Control let Exide Technologies, an East Los Angeles battery recycling plant, operate for more than 30 years on an interim hazardous waste permit. Such permits are vital tools to regulate companies that store and handle the most dangerous pollution. Revelations about out-of-date licenses at Exide and other companies prompted a wave of public outrage. The DTSC promised to catch up. This table from a report by the department's Independent Review Panel shows that the department doesn't expect to have all licenses up to date anytime soon. \u003ccite>(Source: DTSC Independent Review Panel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A legislative hearing included several exchanges about the funding the department might need to process permits faster. But Shawn Martin, an analyst at the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office, noted that the DTSC had failed to provide a scheduled report on its funding needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s grasp on its own finances has sometimes been weak. In August 2014, the state auditor issued a withering report on the DTSC’s failure to collect an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3461892-2013-122.html#document/p3/a338491\">$194 million in cleanup costs from polluters since 1987\u003c/a>. The department failed to send out nearly $142 million in bills. For $52 million in assessments the DTSC did mail, it never collected, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his presentation to the Legislature, Kracov said the department originally thought it should be able to collect $90 million in unpaid costs. With data corrections, write-offs and settlement agreements, it actually took in $7 million, Kracov said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Changing the Department's Culture Isn't Easy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Such lapses have drawn criticism from legislators, neighbors of contaminated sites and environmental activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phil Chandler, a veteran DTSC engineering geologist, says he’s seen several reform programs like the current one come to nothing over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his superiors have sometimes taken him to task for criticizing department decisions or policies, telling him that such public comments by a DTSC employee might make it appear that he's speaking for the department. Today, when he questions something the DTSC does, he stresses that he's speaking as a private citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’ve worked for some bright people,\" he says. \"I didn’t like the way we did business, but that didn’t stop them from having a high IQ.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He describes what he sees as a disconnect. \"I'd sit in these (reform program) classes and listen to them answer the questions perfectly. Then I’d watch them come back in the office and do exactly the opposite, in everyday practice, to what we’d just been taught.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandler acknowledges that Lee has made a number of appointments from outside the DTSC, trying to bring in fresh ideas. Still, he says the department's entrenched culture is very difficult to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandler appears to be a rarity in his willingness to be publicly identified as a department critic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other DTSC employees, who asked not to be named for fear they could face retaliation at work, describe a department long demoralized by inadequate budgets, tripped up by its own bureaucracy and confused by frequent changes in leadership and mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official designation for project directors, Career Executive Assignment positions (CEA), has a parody title: Career Ends Abruptly, reportedly because it’s easy to be stripped of authority for antagonizing influential people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One longtime employee has published a satire, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Toxic-Mismanagement-Freedonia-fartificatory-self-absorbed-ebook/dp/B01EPCX2WQ/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1492810824&sr=8-1&keywords=toxic+mismanagement\">\"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia,\"\u003c/a> that pokes fun at regulators bowing to corporate pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420688 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia, written under a pen name by a long-time Department of Toxic Substances Control employee, pokes fun atregulators bowing to corporate pressure.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A book called \"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia\" was written under a pen name by a longtime Department of Toxic Substances Control employee. \u003ccite>(Lucretius Jones )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Concerns about the DTSC’s culture -- and its commitment to change -- were redoubled late in 2015 after an advocacy group published departmental \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804447-RacistJokes.html\">emails\u003c/a> in which a pair of high-ranking regulators exchanged crudely racist jokes, sometimes about the communities they were assigned to protect. Lee has told lawmakers she disciplined and reassigned the offenders and plans extensive training in issues of environmental justice, race and cultural sensitivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gale Filter, the former deputy director for enforcement and emergency response at the department, remembers running into a colleague at the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'When you have a department that has 10 new directors in the last 20 years, that speaks volumes of the internal dysfunction.'\u003ccite>State Senate President pro Tem Kevin de León\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"And she says, ‘You know, your environmental justice program that you started while you were there, Gale, do you realize how hard it is to work with these people?' \" Filter recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And what was going through my mind, 'Well, how could it be any harder working with those people than the industries that have captured you?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter believes the problems are pervasive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This organization has a lot of pathologies. And one of those pathologies is a culture that is antagonistic or at least removed from those people that it’s supposed to serve, i.e., the public,\" he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senate President pro Tempore Kevin de León also sees a broad failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have a department that has 10 new directors in the last 20 years, that speaks volumes of the internal dysfunction of this department,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter pointed out that in such an uncertain atmosphere, what often counts most is friendship. Where the public is seen as a demanding stranger, the lobbyists of industries subject to DTSC regulation often have plenty of friends at the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Isn’t it easier to work with people that you know?” Filter asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Auto Recycling Methods Under New Scrutiny\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Filter points to California’s long-standing policy regarding the disposal of auto shredder waste as an example of industry getting too much of a say in decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420132 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An auto shredder at work.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"3120\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-160x260.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-800x1300.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-1020x1658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-1180x1918.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-960x1560.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-240x390.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-375x609.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-520x845.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An auto shredder at work at a recycling plant. Safe disposal standards for this waste are currently being reviewed by the state. \u003ccite>(Source: Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When auto recyclers recover metals from wrecked cars, they also have to figure out what to do with leftover engine fluids, rubber, plastics and dirt. The material is toxic and hard to dispose of safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ordinarily, such waste, known as \"auto fluff,\" would be buried in landfills that are specially lined to contain any poisons and protect underground aquifers from contamination. That could be a big problem for the auto recycling industry, because it produces a lot of waste and these lined landfills charge high disposal fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, state regulators quietly approved a recycling industry solution: coat beads of waste with a concrete sealant, kind of like heavy metal M&Ms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2484273-policy-and-procedure-88-6.html#document/p4/a254564\">Policy and Procedure 88-6\u003c/a> declared auto fluff safe and regulators granted recyclers special exemptions, called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2484982-a-sample-f-letter.html#document/p2/a254628\">F Letters\u003c/a>,\" that gave them permission to send their waste to less protected -- and, therefore, less expensive -- landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even better for the auto recyclers, landfill operators often discount their disposal fees for industrial materials approved for use as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjQ182Zn5DSAhUijFQKHahTArAQFggnMAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calrecycle.ca.gov%2Flaws%2Fregulations%2Ftitle27%2Fch3sb4a.htm&usg=AFQjCNElQFkw5JG7fQp5JLOiXzcJuseMZQ&sig2=2tIOPvCLILgogRHYik3ttA\">alternative daily cover\u003c/a>,\" used to bury rotting garbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2001, the department's own legal department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2777064-2001-Ruling.html#document/p17/a285571\">declared\u003c/a> the F Letters \"outdated and legally incorrect\" because they were enacted in violation of the state’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.oal.ca.gov/rulemaking_process/regular_rulemaking_process/\">Administrative Procedures Act\u003c/a>, which mandates public participation when a state agency seeks to implement a new regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It labeled the DTSC policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2777064-2001-Ruling.html#document/p17/a338856\">an illegal \"underground regulation.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, senior DTSC scientist Peter Wood filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2488800-draft-dtsc-study-on-shredder-waste.html#document/p8/a255846\">report\u003c/a> that said both the treated and untreated shredder waste exceeded state regulatory thresholds for lead, zinc and cadmium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood’s laboratory model cast doubt on how well the auto fluff’s industrial lime coating could withstand the highly corrosive sludge found inside landfills. Since most landfills accepting municipal garbage are either unlined or have only a clay liner, the concern is that toxic waste could leach into local water supplies. Wood urged that, pending further investigation, the department rescind Policy and Procedure 88-6 and revoke the F letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the DTSC shelved the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11368430\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11368430 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut.jpg\" alt='A page from a DTSC presentation on auto recycling. The TASR portrayed in the bottom column is \"treated auto shredder residue,\" or auto fluff. Special exemptions granted by the DTSC give auto shredders permission to send this material to landfills for use in covering rotting garbage. In 2002, a DTSC report pointed to risks of environmental and public health threats from the treated waste. The DTSC shelved the report.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A page from a DTSC presentation on auto recycling. Special exemptions granted by the DTSC give auto shredders permission to send shredded auto waste to landfills for use in covering rotting garbage. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Department spokesman Russ Edmondson refused repeated requests for an interview with Wood. The scientist’s report has remained a subject of contention in the DTSC and the auto recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, then-department director Maureen Gorsen revived the issue, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2488858-gorsen-letter.html#document/p1/a255943\">notifying\u003c/a> recyclers that she planned to carry out Wood’s recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margaret Rosegay, whose legal and lobbying firm \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Lobbying/Firms/Detail.aspx?id=1147279&view=activity&session=2015\">represents\u003c/a> the West Coast Chapter of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3676337-Metalshredderletterto-C-Heck.html#document/p2/a349734\">wrote back fast\u003c/a>, saying that removing the auto fluff exemptions would severely injure auto recycling companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter says what came next was an intense lobbying campaign, with Rosegay and Robert Hoffman, the former chief counsel for the DTSC, pressing legislators to keep the exemptions in place until the state Environmental Protection Agency had reported on the issue. At the time, Hoffman’s firm \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Lobbying/Firms/Detail.aspx?id=1223535&session=2007\">represented\u003c/a> several recycling businesses, as well as an industry trade group. Neither Rosegay nor Hoffman responded to interview requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DTSC extended the deadline three times. In September 2009, six months after Gorsen resigned, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804329-Dropping-F-Letter-Initiative.html#document/p1/a289651\">relented\u003c/a> on steps to revoke the special permits. But they would stay in place until the department approved some substitute for the existing formula that was safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department had quietly reversed course. And no new standards for a safer substitute were forthcoming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To this day, the DTSC continues to let the recyclers send \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/MSRCleanmetals.cfm\">at least 400,000 tons of treated auto fluff\u003c/a> to landfills annually, where it is used as an acceptable material to bury trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislators intervened, and in 2014 the governor signed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2489411-sb-1249-bill-20140928-chaptered.html\">state law\u003c/a> aimed at making the disposal safer. It calls on the DTSC to set standards by next year that will ensure the shredder waste is not harmful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11363914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"Ten years ago, Alice Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ten years ago, Alice Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alice Sterling says the department waited far too long to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not a scientist, but I would think any armchair scientist would be able to look at this and think, 'Here's a lot of questions that haven't been answered, but that can be answered. How much lead is in this stuff? What are the components? Is it safe to breathe? Can it migrate offsite? Does it leach?' And we have these horrific winds in Simi Valley, and day after day, year after year of this stuff circulating in our air. It's landing on things,\" Sterling said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They don't seem to run the department like a tight ship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterling believes that if DTSC would only get the answers to the questions about auto fluff, it would be logically compelled to enforce appropriate regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records show when the department has such detailed information -- even when its own investigators log allegedly criminal actions by a polluter -- it sometimes fails to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Lead From Battery Recyclers Contaminates Homes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In March 2015, as public protests mounted against the East Los Angeles battery recycler Exide Technologies for poisoning its neighbors with lead and arsenic, the company struck a deal with the federal Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p1/a289739\">to avoid felony prosecution\u003c/a>. In the agreement, Exide admitted that for two decades, it regularly violated federal law by illegally storing and transporting lead and acid in leaky truck trailers, and that those actions could have been treated as felonies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I made [my kids] go outside and play in dirt. And now they’re sick.'\u003ccite>Exide neighbor Terry Cano\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The company agreed to close, level and clean up its plant, and to remove lead contamination from surrounding homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records show that well before the period covered by the federal agreement, regulators knew Exide was operating illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, in 1990, an inspection report alleged that plant operators were using an unregistered trucking company to ship hazardous plastic waste to a recycler that didn't have the proper permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(DTSC’s predecessor agency, the Department of Health Services) has twice sampled polypropylene loads en route and have found hazardous levels of lead leaking on to Interstate 5,\" the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2491555-gnb-inc-rcra-facility-assessment-10-1990-pages-1.html#document/p6/a256858\">report states.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-three years later, another inspector added a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2494149-exide-fci2013-sov081613.html#document/p3/a256865\">handwritten note\u003c/a> to a \"notice of violations\" following a plant visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"DTSC is concerned that leaking from the containers while on public roads is an on-going problem, and this issue needs to be addressed immediately. Leaking of hazardous waste is considered illegal disposal,” the note warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420104 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Boyle Heights resident Claudia Gonzalez says she tries to keep her seven-month-old daughter Perla’s hands very clean, for fear that the baby might be poisoned by lead contamination in the neighborhood.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Boyle Heights resident Claudia Gonzalez says she tries to keep her 7-month-old daughter Perla’s hands very clean, for fear that the baby might be poisoned by lead contamination in the neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2492399-exides-interim-permit.html#document/p1/a256852\">let the Exide plant operate\u003c/a> without a fully approved hazardous waste permit for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all that time, Exide didn’t satisfy regulators that it fully met California’s rules for the safe operation of such toxic sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the department issued its third \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804686-2014-06-17-Exide-3rd-NOD-Complete-1.html#document/p1/a289752\">“notice of deficiency”\u003c/a> on Exide’s permit application, acknowledging that the DTSC didn’t have complete information about how much lead-contaminated waste was on the factory site. In a press release, DTSC officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804687-News-Release-T-13-14-Exide-NOD.html#document/p1/a289751\">pointed out\u003c/a> that Exide's three deficient applications required them to start proceedings for denying the company a hazardous waste permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It never came to that. Exide, which had operated for so long on what was supposed to be a temporary permit, capitulated to federal prosecutors nine months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the department is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3467015-News-Release-T-20-16.html\">working on a plan\u003c/a> to clean up some 10,000 lead-contaminated homes near the Exide plant. Yet \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3467016-Exide-TCRA-Guidance.html\">all but the most severely polluted\u003c/a> will have to wait until after the department finishes an environmental review this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, DTSC spokeswoman Rosanna Westmoreland writes that the department needs to assess health risks for each house. The analysis will consider factors such as the amount of contamination on a property and how it is distributed, whether it is exposed in bare dirt, and whether there are pregnant women and children there, the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exide neighbor Terry Cano is frightened and doesn't want to wait. She says soil tests at her home already show high lead levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a flashback of me playing with the kids. 'Get some fresh air. Get some exercise,' \" she recalled recently, sobbing and gasping for breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And I made them go outside and play in dirt. And now they’re sick.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Critics accuse the state's Department of Toxic Substances Control of being indifferent to the public, cozy with polluters and slow in enforcing regulations.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1493077741,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":92,"wordCount":3605},"headData":{"title":"Is California’s Toxic Waste Regulator Letting Oversight Slide? | KQED","description":"Critics accuse the state's Department of Toxic Substances Control of being indifferent to the public, cozy with polluters and slow in enforcing regulations.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11359491 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11359491","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/24/is-californias-toxic-waste-regulator-letting-enforcement-slide/","disqusTitle":"Is California’s Toxic Waste Regulator Letting Oversight Slide?","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/04/2017-04-24a-tcr.mp3","guestFields":"0","path":"/news/11359491/is-californias-toxic-waste-regulator-letting-enforcement-slide","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting for this series of stories received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California generates an \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3469186-Kettleman-FAQ-Final-5-20-14.html#document/p8/a339164\" target=\"_blank\">average of 1.7 million tons\u003c/a> of hazardous waste each year. That ranges from industrial pollution to discarded household products. It includes liquids, solid, or gases that science has determined \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3469185-Hwmp-defininghw111.html#document/p1/a339165\" target=\"_blank\">pose a threat\u003c/a> to human or other life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency charged with protecting California’s people and environment by making sure these substances are handled safely is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/DTSC_Overview.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC).\u003c/a> The DTSC regulates thousands of businesses and institutions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/sitecleanup/\" target=\"_blank\">completes some 125 cleanups\u003c/a> a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years the department has faced criticism from environmentalists, neighbors of industrial sites and state legislators. They accuse the department of allowing some cleanup projects to drag on, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/21/decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site/\" target=\"_blank\">sometimes for decades\u003c/a>. They point to fiscal mismanagement, sloppy record keeping and an opaque institutional culture that makes it hard to find out when the public is in danger or what’s being done about it. Some of these critics say state regulators have been indifferent to the public, cozy with polluters and slow in enforcing regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to the critiques, DTSC executives published a reform plan five years ago called \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468895-Fixing-the-Foundation-WP.html\">Fixing the Foundation: Restoring Public Trust in the DTSC\u003c/a>. The plan called for improving communication with the public and identified ways to shift cleanup costs from taxpayers to polluters. It also laid out strategies to make enforcement actions more consistent and transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, the department has set up a branch specifically assigned to investigate and correct environmental problems in poor minority communities plagued with the worst pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420398 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-800x606.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, left, swears in Ana Mascareñas, right, as the department's first assistant director for environmental justice.\" width=\"800\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-800x606.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-960x728.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-375x284.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut-520x394.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24999_BLeeAMascarenas-qut.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, swears in Ana Mascareñas, right, as the department's first assistant director for environmental justice. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To encourage progress, state lawmakers established an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Independent-Review-Panel.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Review Panel \u003c/a> -- currently consisting of an environmental \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Kracov.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">attorney\u003c/a>, a former San Diego County environmental \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Vizzier.cfm\">regulator \u003c/a>and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/GetInvolved/ReviewPanel/Campbell.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">toxicologist \u003c/a> -- to make recommendations on the department's performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel's suggestions have ranged from bookkeeping improvements to better public notice on how a factory’s emissions might threaten neighbors’ health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DTSC director, Barbara Lee, says she's committed to transforming her department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee's staff turned down requests over two years for an interview. But in a letter to the review panel last September, Lee \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675305-DTSC-Report-on-People-S-Senate-2015-Site.html#document/p2/a349571\">described \u003c/a>actions the department has taken to improve its programs and policies. These include including hiring seven new executive leaders over the past year; giving the department's public participation office more authority and resources; creating the Office of Environmental Justice and Tribal Affairs; and starting an Organizational Excellence Initiative to make the DTSC more diverse and inclusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee also said she's changing the permitting process for hazardous waste sites so they will be more protective, more enforceable and better explained to the public. The letter included a site-by-site \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675305-DTSC-Report-on-People-S-Senate-2015-Site.html#document/p5/a349572\">description \u003c/a>of DTSC actions and how the department has responded to neighbors' and environmentalists' concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Department executives point to the department's oversight at the Chemical Waste Management \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/CWMI_Kettleman.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">landfill in Kettleman Hills\u003c/a> as an example of the DTSC's new focus on environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kettleman Hills neighbors have long fought for tougher regulation. They blame the landfill's polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, for serious illnesses and birth defects in the surrounding communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DTSC settled a federal civil rights complaint filed by Kettleman Hills neighbors after the department gave permission for the landfill to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We have access to agency heads that we've never had before.'\u003ccite>Kettleman Hills neighbor Maricela Mares-Alatorre\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes the department's promise to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p5/a349589\">support a health assessment\u003c/a> that analyzes the health effects in Kettleman City from exposure to pollution, including air pollution, hazardous waste and other contaminants. It sets \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p4/a349588\">standards \u003c/a>for air monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next three years, the agreement requires the DTSC to consider \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3675334-Kettleman-TitleVI-Settlement.html#document/p4/a349587\">a list of factors\u003c/a> related to environmental justice in reviewing applications to expand the landfill or renew its operating permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The settlement is groundbreaking,\" said Maricela Mares-Alatorre, a Kettleman Hills neighbor and community organizer for the environmental group \u003ca href=\"http://greenaction.org/?page_id=183\">Greenaction\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before this, it wasn't in (the department's) nature to respond to civil rights complaints,\" she said. \"We've filed complaints where it took them 18 years to respond. But this agreement is court-enforceable. We have access to agency heads that we've never had before. We're hoping this will be a model not only for our community, but throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists say the DTSC's recent record elsewhere in California is far less promising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to Lee's reports of progress on DTSC improvements, a coalition of activists from hazardous waste sites throughout the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468930-Groundtruthing-Report-Final-Draft.html#document/p1/a339161\">reported last October \u003c/a>that the department has neglected its promises to reform. In January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3468931-CEJA-AgencyAssessment-2016-FINAL.html#document/p5/a339162\">a follow-up report from the Environmental Justice Alliance \u003c/a>gave the department poor marks for meeting principles of environmental justice such as communication. In some cases DTSC decisions taken behind closed doors have made situations worse, the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gideon Kracov is chairman of the Independent Review Panel. In his \u003ca href=\"http://calchannel.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=7&clip_id=4113\"> annual report to state legislators\u003c/a> in February, he, too, described some of the reform efforts as falling short.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Backlogged Permitting Process Weakens Enforcement Efforts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Permitting facilities is an area where the department struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the DTSC are responsible for issuing what's called \"Tier 1\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/upload/hazwaste_facility_permits.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">permits \u003c/a>to the 118 facilities that store or handle the most hazardous waste. These permits are like company-specific regulation books, issued for 10-year terms, with operators required to seek renewal six months before their permits expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an operator meets that deadline, the facility may continue to operate under a \"continued\" permit. While the original conditions still apply, there’s no way to require improved safeguards, technologies and practices that may have been developed since the original one was issued. Further, the old permit won’t address changes that have occurred near the facility, such as new housing construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his legislative report, Kracov said the DTSC continues to let some companies operate for years on expired permits. Seven years from now, in 2024, the department still expects to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3462861-April-21-2016-57014-F-Letter-Report-1.html#document/p5/a344874\">30 of the facilities it oversees\u003c/a> operating on permits that are more than five years past their expiration dates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11368502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11368502 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Department of Toxic Substances Control let Exide Technologies, an East Los Angeles battery recycling plant, operate for more than 30 years on an "interim" hazardous waste permit. Such permits are vital tools to regulate companies that store and handle the most dangerous pollution. Failing to keep a permit up to date impedes the DTSC in regulating the company. Revelations about out-of-date licenses at Exide and other companies prompted a wave of public outrage. The DTSC promised to catch up. This table from a report by the department's Independent Review Panel shows that the department doesn't expect to have all licenses up to date anytime soon.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1460\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-160x122.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-800x608.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-1020x776.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-1180x897.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-960x730.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-240x183.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-375x285.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24673_April-21-2016-IRP-qut-520x395.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Department of Toxic Substances Control let Exide Technologies, an East Los Angeles battery recycling plant, operate for more than 30 years on an interim hazardous waste permit. Such permits are vital tools to regulate companies that store and handle the most dangerous pollution. Revelations about out-of-date licenses at Exide and other companies prompted a wave of public outrage. The DTSC promised to catch up. This table from a report by the department's Independent Review Panel shows that the department doesn't expect to have all licenses up to date anytime soon. \u003ccite>(Source: DTSC Independent Review Panel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A legislative hearing included several exchanges about the funding the department might need to process permits faster. But Shawn Martin, an analyst at the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office, noted that the DTSC had failed to provide a scheduled report on its funding needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s grasp on its own finances has sometimes been weak. In August 2014, the state auditor issued a withering report on the DTSC’s failure to collect an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3461892-2013-122.html#document/p3/a338491\">$194 million in cleanup costs from polluters since 1987\u003c/a>. The department failed to send out nearly $142 million in bills. For $52 million in assessments the DTSC did mail, it never collected, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his presentation to the Legislature, Kracov said the department originally thought it should be able to collect $90 million in unpaid costs. With data corrections, write-offs and settlement agreements, it actually took in $7 million, Kracov said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Changing the Department's Culture Isn't Easy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Such lapses have drawn criticism from legislators, neighbors of contaminated sites and environmental activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phil Chandler, a veteran DTSC engineering geologist, says he’s seen several reform programs like the current one come to nothing over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his superiors have sometimes taken him to task for criticizing department decisions or policies, telling him that such public comments by a DTSC employee might make it appear that he's speaking for the department. Today, when he questions something the DTSC does, he stresses that he's speaking as a private citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’ve worked for some bright people,\" he says. \"I didn’t like the way we did business, but that didn’t stop them from having a high IQ.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He describes what he sees as a disconnect. \"I'd sit in these (reform program) classes and listen to them answer the questions perfectly. Then I’d watch them come back in the office and do exactly the opposite, in everyday practice, to what we’d just been taught.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandler acknowledges that Lee has made a number of appointments from outside the DTSC, trying to bring in fresh ideas. Still, he says the department's entrenched culture is very difficult to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandler appears to be a rarity in his willingness to be publicly identified as a department critic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other DTSC employees, who asked not to be named for fear they could face retaliation at work, describe a department long demoralized by inadequate budgets, tripped up by its own bureaucracy and confused by frequent changes in leadership and mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official designation for project directors, Career Executive Assignment positions (CEA), has a parody title: Career Ends Abruptly, reportedly because it’s easy to be stripped of authority for antagonizing influential people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One longtime employee has published a satire, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Toxic-Mismanagement-Freedonia-fartificatory-self-absorbed-ebook/dp/B01EPCX2WQ/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1492810824&sr=8-1&keywords=toxic+mismanagement\">\"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia,\"\u003c/a> that pokes fun at regulators bowing to corporate pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420688 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia, written under a pen name by a long-time Department of Toxic Substances Control employee, pokes fun atregulators bowing to corporate pressure.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS25000_FreedoniaCover-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A book called \"The Toxic Mismanagement of Freedonia\" was written under a pen name by a longtime Department of Toxic Substances Control employee. \u003ccite>(Lucretius Jones )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Concerns about the DTSC’s culture -- and its commitment to change -- were redoubled late in 2015 after an advocacy group published departmental \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804447-RacistJokes.html\">emails\u003c/a> in which a pair of high-ranking regulators exchanged crudely racist jokes, sometimes about the communities they were assigned to protect. Lee has told lawmakers she disciplined and reassigned the offenders and plans extensive training in issues of environmental justice, race and cultural sensitivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gale Filter, the former deputy director for enforcement and emergency response at the department, remembers running into a colleague at the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'When you have a department that has 10 new directors in the last 20 years, that speaks volumes of the internal dysfunction.'\u003ccite>State Senate President pro Tem Kevin de León\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"And she says, ‘You know, your environmental justice program that you started while you were there, Gale, do you realize how hard it is to work with these people?' \" Filter recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And what was going through my mind, 'Well, how could it be any harder working with those people than the industries that have captured you?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter believes the problems are pervasive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This organization has a lot of pathologies. And one of those pathologies is a culture that is antagonistic or at least removed from those people that it’s supposed to serve, i.e., the public,\" he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senate President pro Tempore Kevin de León also sees a broad failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have a department that has 10 new directors in the last 20 years, that speaks volumes of the internal dysfunction of this department,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter pointed out that in such an uncertain atmosphere, what often counts most is friendship. Where the public is seen as a demanding stranger, the lobbyists of industries subject to DTSC regulation often have plenty of friends at the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Isn’t it easier to work with people that you know?” Filter asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Auto Recycling Methods Under New Scrutiny\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Filter points to California’s long-standing policy regarding the disposal of auto shredder waste as an example of industry getting too much of a say in decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420132 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An auto shredder at work.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"3120\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-160x260.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-800x1300.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-1020x1658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-1180x1918.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-960x1560.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-240x390.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-375x609.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24672_DTSC_ASW1-qut-520x845.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An auto shredder at work at a recycling plant. Safe disposal standards for this waste are currently being reviewed by the state. \u003ccite>(Source: Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When auto recyclers recover metals from wrecked cars, they also have to figure out what to do with leftover engine fluids, rubber, plastics and dirt. The material is toxic and hard to dispose of safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ordinarily, such waste, known as \"auto fluff,\" would be buried in landfills that are specially lined to contain any poisons and protect underground aquifers from contamination. That could be a big problem for the auto recycling industry, because it produces a lot of waste and these lined landfills charge high disposal fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, state regulators quietly approved a recycling industry solution: coat beads of waste with a concrete sealant, kind of like heavy metal M&Ms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2484273-policy-and-procedure-88-6.html#document/p4/a254564\">Policy and Procedure 88-6\u003c/a> declared auto fluff safe and regulators granted recyclers special exemptions, called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2484982-a-sample-f-letter.html#document/p2/a254628\">F Letters\u003c/a>,\" that gave them permission to send their waste to less protected -- and, therefore, less expensive -- landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even better for the auto recyclers, landfill operators often discount their disposal fees for industrial materials approved for use as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjQ182Zn5DSAhUijFQKHahTArAQFggnMAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calrecycle.ca.gov%2Flaws%2Fregulations%2Ftitle27%2Fch3sb4a.htm&usg=AFQjCNElQFkw5JG7fQp5JLOiXzcJuseMZQ&sig2=2tIOPvCLILgogRHYik3ttA\">alternative daily cover\u003c/a>,\" used to bury rotting garbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2001, the department's own legal department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2777064-2001-Ruling.html#document/p17/a285571\">declared\u003c/a> the F Letters \"outdated and legally incorrect\" because they were enacted in violation of the state’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.oal.ca.gov/rulemaking_process/regular_rulemaking_process/\">Administrative Procedures Act\u003c/a>, which mandates public participation when a state agency seeks to implement a new regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It labeled the DTSC policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2777064-2001-Ruling.html#document/p17/a338856\">an illegal \"underground regulation.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, senior DTSC scientist Peter Wood filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2488800-draft-dtsc-study-on-shredder-waste.html#document/p8/a255846\">report\u003c/a> that said both the treated and untreated shredder waste exceeded state regulatory thresholds for lead, zinc and cadmium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood’s laboratory model cast doubt on how well the auto fluff’s industrial lime coating could withstand the highly corrosive sludge found inside landfills. Since most landfills accepting municipal garbage are either unlined or have only a clay liner, the concern is that toxic waste could leach into local water supplies. Wood urged that, pending further investigation, the department rescind Policy and Procedure 88-6 and revoke the F letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the DTSC shelved the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11368430\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11368430 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut.jpg\" alt='A page from a DTSC presentation on auto recycling. The TASR portrayed in the bottom column is \"treated auto shredder residue,\" or auto fluff. Special exemptions granted by the DTSC give auto shredders permission to send this material to landfills for use in covering rotting garbage. In 2002, a DTSC report pointed to risks of environmental and public health threats from the treated waste. The DTSC shelved the report.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24669_DTSC_ASW2-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A page from a DTSC presentation on auto recycling. Special exemptions granted by the DTSC give auto shredders permission to send shredded auto waste to landfills for use in covering rotting garbage. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Department spokesman Russ Edmondson refused repeated requests for an interview with Wood. The scientist’s report has remained a subject of contention in the DTSC and the auto recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, then-department director Maureen Gorsen revived the issue, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2488858-gorsen-letter.html#document/p1/a255943\">notifying\u003c/a> recyclers that she planned to carry out Wood’s recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margaret Rosegay, whose legal and lobbying firm \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Lobbying/Firms/Detail.aspx?id=1147279&view=activity&session=2015\">represents\u003c/a> the West Coast Chapter of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3676337-Metalshredderletterto-C-Heck.html#document/p2/a349734\">wrote back fast\u003c/a>, saying that removing the auto fluff exemptions would severely injure auto recycling companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filter says what came next was an intense lobbying campaign, with Rosegay and Robert Hoffman, the former chief counsel for the DTSC, pressing legislators to keep the exemptions in place until the state Environmental Protection Agency had reported on the issue. At the time, Hoffman’s firm \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Lobbying/Firms/Detail.aspx?id=1223535&session=2007\">represented\u003c/a> several recycling businesses, as well as an industry trade group. Neither Rosegay nor Hoffman responded to interview requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DTSC extended the deadline three times. In September 2009, six months after Gorsen resigned, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804329-Dropping-F-Letter-Initiative.html#document/p1/a289651\">relented\u003c/a> on steps to revoke the special permits. But they would stay in place until the department approved some substitute for the existing formula that was safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department had quietly reversed course. And no new standards for a safer substitute were forthcoming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To this day, the DTSC continues to let the recyclers send \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/MSRCleanmetals.cfm\">at least 400,000 tons of treated auto fluff\u003c/a> to landfills annually, where it is used as an acceptable material to bury trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislators intervened, and in 2014 the governor signed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2489411-sb-1249-bill-20140928-chaptered.html\">state law\u003c/a> aimed at making the disposal safer. It calls on the DTSC to set standards by next year that will ensure the shredder waste is not harmful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11363914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"Ten years ago, Alice Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/DSC0047-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ten years ago, Alice Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alice Sterling says the department waited far too long to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, Sterling started compiling public records on auto fluff as part of her research into a proposed landfill expansion near her Simi Valley home. She’s developed a reputation among DTSC whistleblowers as a relentless investigator on shredder waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not a scientist, but I would think any armchair scientist would be able to look at this and think, 'Here's a lot of questions that haven't been answered, but that can be answered. How much lead is in this stuff? What are the components? Is it safe to breathe? Can it migrate offsite? Does it leach?' And we have these horrific winds in Simi Valley, and day after day, year after year of this stuff circulating in our air. It's landing on things,\" Sterling said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They don't seem to run the department like a tight ship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterling believes that if DTSC would only get the answers to the questions about auto fluff, it would be logically compelled to enforce appropriate regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records show when the department has such detailed information -- even when its own investigators log allegedly criminal actions by a polluter -- it sometimes fails to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Lead From Battery Recyclers Contaminates Homes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In March 2015, as public protests mounted against the East Los Angeles battery recycler Exide Technologies for poisoning its neighbors with lead and arsenic, the company struck a deal with the federal Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p1/a289739\">to avoid felony prosecution\u003c/a>. In the agreement, Exide admitted that for two decades, it regularly violated federal law by illegally storing and transporting lead and acid in leaky truck trailers, and that those actions could have been treated as felonies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I made [my kids] go outside and play in dirt. And now they’re sick.'\u003ccite>Exide neighbor Terry Cano\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The company agreed to close, level and clean up its plant, and to remove lead contamination from surrounding homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records show that well before the period covered by the federal agreement, regulators knew Exide was operating illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, in 1990, an inspection report alleged that plant operators were using an unregistered trucking company to ship hazardous plastic waste to a recycler that didn't have the proper permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(DTSC’s predecessor agency, the Department of Health Services) has twice sampled polypropylene loads en route and have found hazardous levels of lead leaking on to Interstate 5,\" the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2491555-gnb-inc-rcra-facility-assessment-10-1990-pages-1.html#document/p6/a256858\">report states.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-three years later, another inspector added a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2494149-exide-fci2013-sov081613.html#document/p3/a256865\">handwritten note\u003c/a> to a \"notice of violations\" following a plant visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"DTSC is concerned that leaking from the containers while on public roads is an on-going problem, and this issue needs to be addressed immediately. Leaking of hazardous waste is considered illegal disposal,” the note warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11420104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11420104 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Boyle Heights resident Claudia Gonzalez says she tries to keep her seven-month-old daughter Perla’s hands very clean, for fear that the baby might be poisoned by lead contamination in the neighborhood.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/RS24641_ExideLead3-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Boyle Heights resident Claudia Gonzalez says she tries to keep her 7-month-old daughter Perla’s hands very clean, for fear that the baby might be poisoned by lead contamination in the neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2492399-exides-interim-permit.html#document/p1/a256852\">let the Exide plant operate\u003c/a> without a fully approved hazardous waste permit for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all that time, Exide didn’t satisfy regulators that it fully met California’s rules for the safe operation of such toxic sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the department issued its third \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804686-2014-06-17-Exide-3rd-NOD-Complete-1.html#document/p1/a289752\">“notice of deficiency”\u003c/a> on Exide’s permit application, acknowledging that the DTSC didn’t have complete information about how much lead-contaminated waste was on the factory site. In a press release, DTSC officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804687-News-Release-T-13-14-Exide-NOD.html#document/p1/a289751\">pointed out\u003c/a> that Exide's three deficient applications required them to start proceedings for denying the company a hazardous waste permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It never came to that. Exide, which had operated for so long on what was supposed to be a temporary permit, capitulated to federal prosecutors nine months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the department is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3467015-News-Release-T-20-16.html\">working on a plan\u003c/a> to clean up some 10,000 lead-contaminated homes near the Exide plant. Yet \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3467016-Exide-TCRA-Guidance.html\">all but the most severely polluted\u003c/a> will have to wait until after the department finishes an environmental review this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, DTSC spokeswoman Rosanna Westmoreland writes that the department needs to assess health risks for each house. The analysis will consider factors such as the amount of contamination on a property and how it is distributed, whether it is exposed in bare dirt, and whether there are pregnant women and children there, the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exide neighbor Terry Cano is frightened and doesn't want to wait. She says soil tests at her home already show high lead levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a flashback of me playing with the kids. 'Get some fresh air. Get some exercise,' \" she recalled recently, sobbing and gasping for breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And I made them go outside and play in dirt. And now they’re sick.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11359491/is-californias-toxic-waste-regulator-letting-enforcement-slide","authors":["219"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_20833","news_5798","news_382","news_3195","news_17286","news_17041","news_20830"],"featImg":"news_11420112","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. 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Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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