A Single Fire Killed Thousands of Sequoias. Scientists Are Racing to Save the Rest
Did You Drive Your Car Through Pioneer Cabin Tree? Share Your Photos
Historic California Sequoia, 'Pioneer Cabin Tree,' Felled By Storm
How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California's Drought?
Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird
After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root
Sequoias
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cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"},"mleitsinger":{"type":"authors","id":"11310","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11310","found":true},"name":"Miranda Leitsinger","firstName":"Miranda","lastName":"Leitsinger","slug":"mleitsinger","email":"mleitsinger@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Miranda Leitsinger has worked in journalism as a reporter and editor since 2000, including seven years at The Associated Press in locales such as Cambodia and Puerto Rico, four years at NBC News Digital in New York and 2.5 years at CNN.com International in Hong Kong. Major stories she has covered included sexual abuse in the yoga community, the rise of women in local politics post-2016 election, the struggle over LGBTQ inclusion in the Boy Scouts, aftermath of the 2004 and 2011 tsunamis, the Aurora movie theater attack, the Newtown school shooting, Superstorm Sandy and the Boston Marathon bombing.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cdd00de7be92aab3b7fd3d915e02033d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"mimileitsinger","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Miranda Leitsinger | KQED","description":"KQED 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FM","link":"/"}},"news_11889308":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11889308","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11889308","score":null,"sort":[1632269920000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-fallen-giants","title":"The Fallen Giants","publishDate":1632269920,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11889315\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a cross section of a giant sequoia labeled to show when the tree sprouted, when fire suppression began, when the automobile was mass-produced, when CO2 levels climbed and when the tree died in a wildfire.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1306\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-800x544.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-1020x694.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-160x109.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-1536x1045.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioregiantsequoias\">10,000 giant sequoias were killed in last year's Castle Fire\u003c/a>. Now scientists and firefighters are working to save the remaining trees as the KNP Complex Fire spreads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a last-ditch effort to save some of the majestic trees in Sequoia National Park, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889177/aluminum-blankets-are-protecting-giant-sequoias-from-wildfires\">firefighters are wrapping the base of huge trunks in protective foil blankets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it looks like recent efforts to protect the ancient trees may be working, climate change and the ongoing risk of extreme wildfire don't bode well for these giants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/sequoia-research.htm\">some of which have been standing here for over 3,000 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Around 10,000 giant sequoias were killed in last year's Castle Fire. Now scientists and firefighters are working to save the remaining trees as the KNP Complex Fire spreads.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1632271438,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":103},"headData":{"title":"The Fallen Giants | KQED","description":"Around 10,000 giant sequoias were killed in last year's Castle Fire. Now scientists and firefighters are working to save the remaining trees as the KNP Complex Fire spreads.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The Fallen Giants","datePublished":"2021-09-22T00:18:40.000Z","dateModified":"2021-09-22T00:43:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11889308 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11889308","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/09/21/the-fallen-giants/","disqusTitle":"The Fallen Giants","path":"/news/11889308/the-fallen-giants","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11889315\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a cross section of a giant sequoia labeled to show when the tree sprouted, when fire suppression began, when the automobile was mass-produced, when CO2 levels climbed and when the tree died in a wildfire.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1306\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-800x544.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-1020x694.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-160x109.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/sequoia_092121_final-1536x1045.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioregiantsequoias\">10,000 giant sequoias were killed in last year's Castle Fire\u003c/a>. Now scientists and firefighters are working to save the remaining trees as the KNP Complex Fire spreads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a last-ditch effort to save some of the majestic trees in Sequoia National Park, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889177/aluminum-blankets-are-protecting-giant-sequoias-from-wildfires\">firefighters are wrapping the base of huge trunks in protective foil blankets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it looks like recent efforts to protect the ancient trees may be working, climate change and the ongoing risk of extreme wildfire don't bode well for these giants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/sequoia-research.htm\">some of which have been standing here for over 3,000 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11889308/the-fallen-giants","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906"],"tags":["news_20341","news_29923","news_255","news_29922","news_20949","news_29915","news_18865","news_4463"],"featImg":"news_11889315","label":"news_18515"},"news_11889023":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11889023","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11889023","score":null,"sort":[1631920772000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-single-fire-killed-thousands-of-sequoias-scientists-are-racing-to-save-the-rest","title":"A Single Fire Killed Thousands of Sequoias. Scientists Are Racing to Save the Rest","publishDate":1631920772,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>On a hot afternoon in California's Sequoia National Park, Alexis Bernal squints up at the top of a 200-foot-tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is what we would call a real giant sequoia monarch,\" she says. \"It's massive.\"[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Alexis Bernal, UC Berkeley fire science researcher\"]'It's hard to see these trees that have lived hundreds to potentially thousands of years just die because it's just not a normal thing for them.'[/pullquote]At 40 feet in diameter, the tree easily meets the definition of a monarch, the name given to the largest sequoias. It's likely more than 1,500 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, that's as old as this tree will get. The trunk is pitch black, the char reaching almost all the way to the top. Not a single green branch is visible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's 100% dead,\" Bernal says. \"There's no living foliage on it at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scorched carcasses of eight other giants surround this one in the Alder Creek Grove. A fire science research assistant at UC Berkeley, Bernal is here with a team cataloguing the destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not easy to kill a giant sequoia. They can live more than 3,000 years and withstand repeated wildfires and droughts over the centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with humans changing both the climate and the landscape surrounding the trees, these giants face dangers they might not survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Castle Fire burned through the Sierra Nevada, fueled by hot, dry conditions and overgrown forests. Based on early estimates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/preliminary-estimates-of-sequoia-mortality-in-the-2020-castle-fire.htm\">as many as 10,600 large sequoias were killed\u003c/a> — up to 14% of the entire population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889064 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg\" alt=\"Two very tall trees, forested caps and reddish trunks towering high above the trees around them, on a sunny day.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Living more than 3,000 years, giant sequoias normally survive dozens of low-grade wildfires in their lifetimes by towering over the rest of the forest. But these barely escaped the Castle Fire in 2020. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"This is unprecedented to see so many of these large old-growth trees dead, and I think it's a travesty,\" says Scott Stephens, fire scientist at UC Berkeley, as he surveys the damage. \"This is pure disaster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extreme fires increasing on a hotter planet, scientists are urgently trying to save the sequoias that remain. Researchers from federal agencies and universities are teaming up to find the sequoia groves at highest risk. The hope is to make them more fire-resistant by reducing the dense, overgrown vegetation around them before the next wildfire hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, one year later, the sequoia groves again are under threat. At the time of publication, wildfires burning in Sequoia National Park were within a mile of a grove with thousands of sequoias. Firefighters are battling to contain the blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's hard to see these trees that have lived hundreds to potentially thousands of years just die,\" Bernal says, \"because it's just not a normal thing for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sequoias need fire, but fires are changing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Giant sequoias only grow in isolated pockets, tucked in the mountains of California. Losing even a few groves spells significant loss to the entire population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sequoias are one of the most fire-adapted trees on the planet. With tough, foot-thick bark, they're insulated from the heat. They tower above the rest of the forest, and the bottom of the tree trunk is bare, without low branches that might be ignited by trees burning around it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Old-growth sequoias weathered the low-intensity wildfires that were once the norm in the Sierra Nevada. Fires regularly spread along the forest floor, either ignited by lightning or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/899422710/to-manage-wildfire-california-looks-to-what-tribes-have-known-all-along\">set by Native American tribes who used burns\u003c/a> to shape the landscape and cultivate food and materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the arrival of white colonizers, fire began to disappear from these forests. Tribes were forcibly removed from lands they once maintained, and federal firefighting agencies mounted a campaign of fire suppression, extinguishing blazes as quickly as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant forests grew denser over the last century. Now, the built-up vegetation has become a tinder box, fueling hotter, more extreme fires, like the Castle Fire, that kill vast swaths of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These trees have been here 1,500 years, so how many fires have they withstood? Eighty?\" Stephens says. \"And then one fire comes in 2020 and suddenly they're gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-20-at-1.11.08-PM-e1632169044591.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11889149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-20-at-1.11.08-PM-e1632169044591.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1323\">\u003c/a>The Castle Fire's fierce heat was also fueled by the changing climate. In 2012, when a drought hit California, hotter temperatures amplified the toll it took on Sierra Nevada forests. While the largest sequoias could handle it, other kinds of conifers around them succumbed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/massive-forest-die-sierra-nevada-caused-multiyear-drought\">Millions of trees were killed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"climate-change\"]\"The extra warmth that came with the drought pushed it into a whole new terrain,\" says Nate Stephenson, an emeritus scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey. \"That's what really helped kill a lot of trees, and they became fuel for fires.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his four decades of studying the trees, Stephenson had rarely seen an old-growth sequoia die. When the first images emerged after the Castle Fire hit, he wasn't prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's when I couldn't help it,\" he says. \"I don't cry often, but I cried when I saw the photos. Because I love these trees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Few seedlings sprout from the ash\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A year later, the soil is still powdery black in the Alder Creek sequoia grove. The UC Berkeley team is scanning it for signs of hope: any spot of green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two tiny sequoias here growing from the regeneration from the fire,\" Stephens says, finding 2-inch-tall seedlings, impossibly tiny compared to what they could become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The life cycle of a sequoia hinges on wildfire, which is the trigger for releasing its seeds. The blast of heat opens the cones, sending a shower of seeds to the forest floor, which get established quickly on the newly cleared ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some groves, researchers are finding hundreds of seedlings where the Castle Fire burned with low intensity, more like the kind of fire sequoias are accustomed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Alder Creek Grove, where the fire burned with ferocious heat, the team only finds a dozen seedlings the entire afternoon. Other groves look similarly bare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even under normal conditions, around 98% of sequoia seedlings die in their first year. This year could be even tougher, with extreme drought gripping the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very concerned that some areas will not have sequoias,\" says Christy Brigham, head of resources management and science for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"All the adults are killed and there will not be enough seedlings to repopulate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889070 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg\" alt=\"Three people look up at the charred remains of a forest, one pointing skyward.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"863\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers, including Scott Stephens (left), hope to identify which sequoia groves are most at risk from extreme fires, with the goal of making them more fire-resistant. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's leading land managers to consider planting new sequoias, so the scorched groves don't disappear entirely. But in a changing climate, it's not a simple question. As temperatures rise, young trees planted today face surviving in a vastly different future. The most suitable habitat for sequoias could move somewhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is one of the gifts of giant sequoias ... that they force us to think in deep time,\" says Brigham. \"It forces us to confront the challenge of climate change.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rush to save remaining sequoias\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Federal land managers say that given the millennia-length time frame, planting new sequoias is a back-up plan at this point. The more pressing need is saving the trees that are left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/gslc.htm\">Giant Sequoia Lands Coalition\u003c/a>, a partnership of the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, universities, local Native American tribes and nonprofits, is identifying the groves most at risk and this summer has been rapidly assessing conditions on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just saw what one wildfire did,\" Brigham says. \"Can we find the places, do the plans, and get the funding and put the people on the ground fast enough to prevent loss like this in the future?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brigham estimates around 40% of the sequoia groves on national park land alone are at risk of severe wildfires, because the surrounding forests haven't burned in decades. Other groves at risk are found on Forest Service or private land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889073 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg\" alt=\"A bright green seedling pops through the brown forest floor.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In some sequoia groves, few seedlings are being found in the aftermath of the Castle Fire. Those that have sprouted face surviving a summer of extreme drought. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sequoia National Park has used controlled burns, also known as prescribed fire, since the 1960s to prevent forests from becoming overgrown. But Brigham says burning continues to be a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, when cooler conditions are better for controlled burns, projects are limited because of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/05/15/2020-09153/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-endangered-species-status-for-southern-sierra-nevada\">threatened pacific fisher\u003c/a>. The slender, mink-like animal was listed as endangered in 2020, and its habitat is protected during the spring denning season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But burning in the summer can be tough because of air quality concerns, extremely dry vegetation or lack of personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are all these constraints on prescribed fire that we can't control,\" Brigham says. \"As it gets hotter and drier, that window is smaller and smaller.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brigham says she's hopeful that land managers can move quickly over the next year to prioritize the sequoia groves that need help the most. With extreme fires becoming increasingly common, time is running short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is not too late,\" says Brigham. \"We can do better. People love these trees. So I just hope we can take that love and translate it into immediate action to protect the groves and long-term action to limit climate change and its impacts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Single+Fire+Killed+Thousands+Of+Sequoias.+Scientists+Are+Racing+To+Save+The+Rest&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The world's largest trees are adapted to wildfires. But with fires getting more extreme, scientists warn that giant sequoias are running out of time.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1632169072,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":43,"wordCount":1609},"headData":{"title":"A Single Fire Killed Thousands of Sequoias. Scientists Are Racing to Save the Rest | KQED","description":"The world's largest trees are adapted to wildfires. But with fires getting more extreme, scientists warn that giant sequoias are running out of time.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"A Single Fire Killed Thousands of Sequoias. Scientists Are Racing to Save the Rest","datePublished":"2021-09-17T23:19:32.000Z","dateModified":"2021-09-20T20:17:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11889023 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11889023","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/09/17/a-single-fire-killed-thousands-of-sequoias-scientists-are-racing-to-save-the-rest/","disqusTitle":"A Single Fire Killed Thousands of Sequoias. Scientists Are Racing to Save the Rest","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org","nprImageCredit":"Lauren Sommer","nprByline":"Lauren Sommer","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"1037914390","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1037914390&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/17/1037914390/giant-sequoia-national-park-wildfire-climate-change?ft=nprml&f=1037914390","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 17 Sep 2021 11:38:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 17 Sep 2021 05:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 17 Sep 2021 11:38:19 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2021/09/20210917_me_a_single_fire_killed_thousands_of_sequoias_scientists_are_racing_to_save_the_rest.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1167&d=267&p=3&story=1037914390&ft=nprml&f=1037914390","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11038180338-39e1f6.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1167&d=267&p=3&story=1037914390&ft=nprml&f=1037914390","path":"/news/11889023/a-single-fire-killed-thousands-of-sequoias-scientists-are-racing-to-save-the-rest","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2021/09/20210917_me_a_single_fire_killed_thousands_of_sequoias_scientists_are_racing_to_save_the_rest.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1167&d=267&p=3&story=1037914390&ft=nprml&f=1037914390","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a hot afternoon in California's Sequoia National Park, Alexis Bernal squints up at the top of a 200-foot-tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is what we would call a real giant sequoia monarch,\" she says. \"It's massive.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It's hard to see these trees that have lived hundreds to potentially thousands of years just die because it's just not a normal thing for them.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Alexis Bernal, UC Berkeley fire science researcher","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At 40 feet in diameter, the tree easily meets the definition of a monarch, the name given to the largest sequoias. It's likely more than 1,500 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, that's as old as this tree will get. The trunk is pitch black, the char reaching almost all the way to the top. Not a single green branch is visible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's 100% dead,\" Bernal says. \"There's no living foliage on it at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scorched carcasses of eight other giants surround this one in the Alder Creek Grove. A fire science research assistant at UC Berkeley, Bernal is here with a team cataloguing the destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not easy to kill a giant sequoia. They can live more than 3,000 years and withstand repeated wildfires and droughts over the centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with humans changing both the climate and the landscape surrounding the trees, these giants face dangers they might not survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Castle Fire burned through the Sierra Nevada, fueled by hot, dry conditions and overgrown forests. Based on early estimates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/preliminary-estimates-of-sequoia-mortality-in-the-2020-castle-fire.htm\">as many as 10,600 large sequoias were killed\u003c/a> — up to 14% of the entire population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889064 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg\" alt=\"Two very tall trees, forested caps and reddish trunks towering high above the trees around them, on a sunny day.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-3-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Living more than 3,000 years, giant sequoias normally survive dozens of low-grade wildfires in their lifetimes by towering over the rest of the forest. But these barely escaped the Castle Fire in 2020. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"This is unprecedented to see so many of these large old-growth trees dead, and I think it's a travesty,\" says Scott Stephens, fire scientist at UC Berkeley, as he surveys the damage. \"This is pure disaster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extreme fires increasing on a hotter planet, scientists are urgently trying to save the sequoias that remain. Researchers from federal agencies and universities are teaming up to find the sequoia groves at highest risk. The hope is to make them more fire-resistant by reducing the dense, overgrown vegetation around them before the next wildfire hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, one year later, the sequoia groves again are under threat. At the time of publication, wildfires burning in Sequoia National Park were within a mile of a grove with thousands of sequoias. Firefighters are battling to contain the blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's hard to see these trees that have lived hundreds to potentially thousands of years just die,\" Bernal says, \"because it's just not a normal thing for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sequoias need fire, but fires are changing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Giant sequoias only grow in isolated pockets, tucked in the mountains of California. Losing even a few groves spells significant loss to the entire population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sequoias are one of the most fire-adapted trees on the planet. With tough, foot-thick bark, they're insulated from the heat. They tower above the rest of the forest, and the bottom of the tree trunk is bare, without low branches that might be ignited by trees burning around it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Old-growth sequoias weathered the low-intensity wildfires that were once the norm in the Sierra Nevada. Fires regularly spread along the forest floor, either ignited by lightning or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/899422710/to-manage-wildfire-california-looks-to-what-tribes-have-known-all-along\">set by Native American tribes who used burns\u003c/a> to shape the landscape and cultivate food and materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the arrival of white colonizers, fire began to disappear from these forests. Tribes were forcibly removed from lands they once maintained, and federal firefighting agencies mounted a campaign of fire suppression, extinguishing blazes as quickly as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant forests grew denser over the last century. Now, the built-up vegetation has become a tinder box, fueling hotter, more extreme fires, like the Castle Fire, that kill vast swaths of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These trees have been here 1,500 years, so how many fires have they withstood? Eighty?\" Stephens says. \"And then one fire comes in 2020 and suddenly they're gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-20-at-1.11.08-PM-e1632169044591.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11889149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-20-at-1.11.08-PM-e1632169044591.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1323\">\u003c/a>The Castle Fire's fierce heat was also fueled by the changing climate. In 2012, when a drought hit California, hotter temperatures amplified the toll it took on Sierra Nevada forests. While the largest sequoias could handle it, other kinds of conifers around them succumbed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/massive-forest-die-sierra-nevada-caused-multiyear-drought\">Millions of trees were killed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"climate-change"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"The extra warmth that came with the drought pushed it into a whole new terrain,\" says Nate Stephenson, an emeritus scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey. \"That's what really helped kill a lot of trees, and they became fuel for fires.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his four decades of studying the trees, Stephenson had rarely seen an old-growth sequoia die. When the first images emerged after the Castle Fire hit, he wasn't prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's when I couldn't help it,\" he says. \"I don't cry often, but I cried when I saw the photos. Because I love these trees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Few seedlings sprout from the ash\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A year later, the soil is still powdery black in the Alder Creek sequoia grove. The UC Berkeley team is scanning it for signs of hope: any spot of green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two tiny sequoias here growing from the regeneration from the fire,\" Stephens says, finding 2-inch-tall seedlings, impossibly tiny compared to what they could become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The life cycle of a sequoia hinges on wildfire, which is the trigger for releasing its seeds. The blast of heat opens the cones, sending a shower of seeds to the forest floor, which get established quickly on the newly cleared ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some groves, researchers are finding hundreds of seedlings where the Castle Fire burned with low intensity, more like the kind of fire sequoias are accustomed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Alder Creek Grove, where the fire burned with ferocious heat, the team only finds a dozen seedlings the entire afternoon. Other groves look similarly bare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even under normal conditions, around 98% of sequoia seedlings die in their first year. This year could be even tougher, with extreme drought gripping the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very concerned that some areas will not have sequoias,\" says Christy Brigham, head of resources management and science for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"All the adults are killed and there will not be enough seedlings to repopulate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889070 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg\" alt=\"Three people look up at the charred remains of a forest, one pointing skyward.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"863\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-6-1-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers, including Scott Stephens (left), hope to identify which sequoia groves are most at risk from extreme fires, with the goal of making them more fire-resistant. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's leading land managers to consider planting new sequoias, so the scorched groves don't disappear entirely. But in a changing climate, it's not a simple question. As temperatures rise, young trees planted today face surviving in a vastly different future. The most suitable habitat for sequoias could move somewhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is one of the gifts of giant sequoias ... that they force us to think in deep time,\" says Brigham. \"It forces us to confront the challenge of climate change.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rush to save remaining sequoias\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Federal land managers say that given the millennia-length time frame, planting new sequoias is a back-up plan at this point. The more pressing need is saving the trees that are left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/gslc.htm\">Giant Sequoia Lands Coalition\u003c/a>, a partnership of the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, universities, local Native American tribes and nonprofits, is identifying the groves most at risk and this summer has been rapidly assessing conditions on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just saw what one wildfire did,\" Brigham says. \"Can we find the places, do the plans, and get the funding and put the people on the ground fast enough to prevent loss like this in the future?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brigham estimates around 40% of the sequoia groves on national park land alone are at risk of severe wildfires, because the surrounding forests haven't burned in decades. Other groves at risk are found on Forest Service or private land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11889073 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg\" alt=\"A bright green seedling pops through the brown forest floor.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/pic-5-1-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In some sequoia groves, few seedlings are being found in the aftermath of the Castle Fire. Those that have sprouted face surviving a summer of extreme drought. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sequoia National Park has used controlled burns, also known as prescribed fire, since the 1960s to prevent forests from becoming overgrown. But Brigham says burning continues to be a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, when cooler conditions are better for controlled burns, projects are limited because of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/05/15/2020-09153/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-endangered-species-status-for-southern-sierra-nevada\">threatened pacific fisher\u003c/a>. The slender, mink-like animal was listed as endangered in 2020, and its habitat is protected during the spring denning season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But burning in the summer can be tough because of air quality concerns, extremely dry vegetation or lack of personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are all these constraints on prescribed fire that we can't control,\" Brigham says. \"As it gets hotter and drier, that window is smaller and smaller.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brigham says she's hopeful that land managers can move quickly over the next year to prioritize the sequoia groves that need help the most. With extreme fires becoming increasingly common, time is running short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is not too late,\" says Brigham. \"We can do better. People love these trees. So I just hope we can take that love and translate it into immediate action to protect the groves and long-term action to limit climate change and its impacts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Single+Fire+Killed+Thousands+Of+Sequoias.+Scientists+Are+Racing+To+Save+The+Rest&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11889023/a-single-fire-killed-thousands-of-sequoias-scientists-are-racing-to-save-the-rest","authors":["byline_news_11889023"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_29916","news_255","news_27626","news_29915","news_18865","news_4463"],"featImg":"news_11889024","label":"source_news_11889023"},"news_11263469":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11263469","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11263469","score":null,"sort":[1484081542000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"did-you-drive-your-car-through-pioneer-cabin-tree-share-your-photos","title":"Did You Drive Your Car Through Pioneer Cabin Tree? Share Your Photos","publishDate":1484081542,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Many people have been saddened by the loss of the historic Pioneer Cabin Tree in Calaveras Big Trees State Park due to the storm pummeling California this week. Many had driven their car through the tunnel at the base of the tree, one of the state’s oldest tourist attractions and a specimen of a rare native species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're one of the people who did that, and you have a photo of it, please share it with us using #PioneerCabinTree on your preferred social channel -- or in the comments -- and we'll post it to the Storify below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[storifyTestMirandatree]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Arboreal victim of storm was one of state's oldest tourist attractions.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1484087330,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":107},"headData":{"title":"Did You Drive Your Car Through Pioneer Cabin Tree? Share Your Photos | KQED","description":"Arboreal victim of storm was one of state's oldest tourist attractions.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Did You Drive Your Car Through Pioneer Cabin Tree? Share Your Photos","datePublished":"2017-01-10T20:52:22.000Z","dateModified":"2017-01-10T22:28:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11263469 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11263469","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/10/did-you-drive-your-car-through-pioneer-cabin-tree-share-your-photos/","disqusTitle":"Did You Drive Your Car Through Pioneer Cabin Tree? Share Your Photos","path":"/news/11263469/did-you-drive-your-car-through-pioneer-cabin-tree-share-your-photos","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many people have been saddened by the loss of the historic Pioneer Cabin Tree in Calaveras Big Trees State Park due to the storm pummeling California this week. Many had driven their car through the tunnel at the base of the tree, one of the state’s oldest tourist attractions and a specimen of a rare native species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're one of the people who did that, and you have a photo of it, please share it with us using #PioneerCabinTree on your preferred social channel -- or in the comments -- and we'll post it to the Storify below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[storifyTestMirandatree]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11263469/did-you-drive-your-car-through-pioneer-cabin-tree-share-your-photos","authors":["11310"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18538","news_20370","news_18865"],"featImg":"news_11263478","label":"news_6944"},"news_11261683":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11261683","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11261683","score":null,"sort":[1483983889000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"historic-california-sequoia-pioneer-cabin-tree-felled-by-storm","title":"Historic California Sequoia, 'Pioneer Cabin Tree,' Felled By Storm","publishDate":1483983889,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>This weekend's storm brought down an ancient tree, carved into a living tunnel more than a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Pioneer Cabin Tree,\" a sequoia in Calaveras Big Trees State Park, saw horses and cars pass through it over the years. More recently, only hikers were allowed to walk through the massive tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, a powerful winter storm slammed into California and Nevada, prompting flooding and mudslides in some regions. The Associated Press reports it might be the biggest storm to hit the region in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, a volunteer at the state park reported that Pioneer Cabin had not survived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The storm was just too much for it,\" the Calaveras Big Tree Association wrote on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.facebook.com/calaverasbigtrees/posts/10154814678640135\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear exactly how old the tree was, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-live-winter-weather-california-iconic-sequoia-tree-in-california-state-1483942759-htmlstory.html\">the Los Angeles Times reports \u003c/a>that the trees in the state park are estimated to be more than 1,000 years old. Sequoias can live for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/sequoia-research.htm\">more than 3,000 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iconic tree was one of a few tunneled-through sequoias in California. The most famous was the Wawona Tree, in Yosemite National Park; it fell during a winter storm in 1969 at an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/faqtunnel.htm\">estimated age of 2,100 years\u003c/a>. The other remaining sequoia tunnels are dead or consist of logs on their side, the Forest Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsbdev3_058751.pdf\">says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there are still three coastal redwoods (taller and more slender than sequoias) with tunnels cut through them. They're all operated by private companies, the Forest Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsbdev3_058751.pdf\">says\u003c/a>, and still allow cars to drive through — one appeared in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zz4bfDgtc8M\">Geico ad.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"8UHBXgrNV41xRPsj2jROImmHlSuYbwQ1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFGate.com \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Historic-Pioneer-Cabin-Tree-toppled-in-California-10844206.php\">spoke to Jim Allday\u003c/a>, the volunteer who reported Pioneer Cabin's demise. He told the website that the tree \"shattered\" when it hit the ground on Sunday afternoon, and that people had walked through it as recently as that morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local flooding might have been the reason the tree fell, SFGate reports:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\"When I went out there [Sunday afternoon], the trail was literally a river, the trail is washed out,\" Allday said. \"I could see the tree on the ground, it looked like it was laying in a pond or lake with a river running through it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tree had been among the most popular features of the state park since the late 1800s. The tunnel had graffiti dating to the 1800s, when visitors were encouraged to etch their names into the bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joan Allday, wife of Jim Allday and also a volunteer at the park, said the tree had been weakening and leaning severely to one side for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was barely alive, there was one branch alive at the top,\" she said. \"But it was very brittle and starting to lift.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tunnel trees were created in the 19th century to promote parks and inspire tourism. But cutting a tunnel through a living sequoia, of course, damages the tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tunnel trees had their time and place in the early history of our national parks,\" the National Park Service has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/faqtunnel.htm\">written\u003c/a>. \"But today sequoias which are standing healthy and whole are worth far more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11261685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11261685\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-800x396.jpg\" alt=\"Iconic Sequoia Tree Felled by California Storm\" width=\"800\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-800x396.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-160x79.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-1020x504.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-1180x583.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-960x475.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-240x119.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-375x185.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-520x257.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An 1899 stereograph shows the Pioneer Cabin sequoia in Calaveras Grove, California. \u003ccite>(B.L. Singley/New York Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/tracking-northern-california-s-big-weekend-storm/embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Horses and cars passed through the tree over the years. Recently, only hikers were allowed to walk through it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1484009357,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":544},"headData":{"title":"Historic California Sequoia, 'Pioneer Cabin Tree,' Felled By Storm | KQED","description":"Horses and cars passed through the tree over the years. Recently, only hikers were allowed to walk through it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Historic California Sequoia, 'Pioneer Cabin Tree,' Felled By Storm","datePublished":"2017-01-09T17:44:49.000Z","dateModified":"2017-01-10T00:49:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11261683 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11261683","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/09/historic-california-sequoia-pioneer-cabin-tree-felled-by-storm/","disqusTitle":"Historic California Sequoia, 'Pioneer Cabin Tree,' Felled By Storm","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Camila Domonoske\u003c/br>NPR\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11261683/historic-california-sequoia-pioneer-cabin-tree-felled-by-storm","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This weekend's storm brought down an ancient tree, carved into a living tunnel more than a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Pioneer Cabin Tree,\" a sequoia in Calaveras Big Trees State Park, saw horses and cars pass through it over the years. More recently, only hikers were allowed to walk through the massive tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, a powerful winter storm slammed into California and Nevada, prompting flooding and mudslides in some regions. The Associated Press reports it might be the biggest storm to hit the region in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, a volunteer at the state park reported that Pioneer Cabin had not survived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The storm was just too much for it,\" the Calaveras Big Tree Association wrote on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.facebook.com/calaverasbigtrees/posts/10154814678640135\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear exactly how old the tree was, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-live-winter-weather-california-iconic-sequoia-tree-in-california-state-1483942759-htmlstory.html\">the Los Angeles Times reports \u003c/a>that the trees in the state park are estimated to be more than 1,000 years old. Sequoias can live for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/sequoia-research.htm\">more than 3,000 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iconic tree was one of a few tunneled-through sequoias in California. The most famous was the Wawona Tree, in Yosemite National Park; it fell during a winter storm in 1969 at an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/faqtunnel.htm\">estimated age of 2,100 years\u003c/a>. The other remaining sequoia tunnels are dead or consist of logs on their side, the Forest Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsbdev3_058751.pdf\">says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there are still three coastal redwoods (taller and more slender than sequoias) with tunnels cut through them. They're all operated by private companies, the Forest Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsbdev3_058751.pdf\">says\u003c/a>, and still allow cars to drive through — one appeared in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zz4bfDgtc8M\">Geico ad.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFGate.com \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Historic-Pioneer-Cabin-Tree-toppled-in-California-10844206.php\">spoke to Jim Allday\u003c/a>, the volunteer who reported Pioneer Cabin's demise. He told the website that the tree \"shattered\" when it hit the ground on Sunday afternoon, and that people had walked through it as recently as that morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local flooding might have been the reason the tree fell, SFGate reports:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\"When I went out there [Sunday afternoon], the trail was literally a river, the trail is washed out,\" Allday said. \"I could see the tree on the ground, it looked like it was laying in a pond or lake with a river running through it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tree had been among the most popular features of the state park since the late 1800s. The tunnel had graffiti dating to the 1800s, when visitors were encouraged to etch their names into the bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joan Allday, wife of Jim Allday and also a volunteer at the park, said the tree had been weakening and leaning severely to one side for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was barely alive, there was one branch alive at the top,\" she said. \"But it was very brittle and starting to lift.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tunnel trees were created in the 19th century to promote parks and inspire tourism. But cutting a tunnel through a living sequoia, of course, damages the tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tunnel trees had their time and place in the early history of our national parks,\" the National Park Service has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/faqtunnel.htm\">written\u003c/a>. \"But today sequoias which are standing healthy and whole are worth far more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11261685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11261685\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-800x396.jpg\" alt=\"Iconic Sequoia Tree Felled by California Storm\" width=\"800\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-800x396.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-160x79.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-1020x504.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-1180x583.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-960x475.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-240x119.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-375x185.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic-520x257.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NYPL_Historic.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An 1899 stereograph shows the Pioneer Cabin sequoia in Calaveras Grove, California. \u003ccite>(B.L. Singley/New York Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/tracking-northern-california-s-big-weekend-storm/embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11261683/historic-california-sequoia-pioneer-cabin-tree-felled-by-storm","authors":["byline_news_11261683"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_20158","news_18538","news_19542","news_20370","news_18865","news_1083","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11261684","label":"news_72"},"science_1112761":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1112761","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1112761","score":null,"sort":[1477608439000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-is-a-1600-year-old-tree-weathering-californias-drought","title":"How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California's Drought?","publishDate":1477608439,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California’s Drought? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>It’s been a brutal forest fire season in California. But there’s actually a greater threat to California’s trees — the state’s record-setting drought. The lack of water has killed at least 60 million trees in the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are struggling to understand which trees are most vulnerable to drought and how to keep the survivors alive. To that end, they’re sending human climbers and flying drones into the treetops, in a novel biological experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a distance, the forests of the Sierra Nevada look blotchy, with patches of dead trees standing right next to healthy green ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/person.aspx?personid=138\">Nate Stephenson\u003c/a>, an ecologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, says the drought and high heat combine to do things he hasn’t seen before. “We don’t really understand a lot of things,” he says, “like exactly how a drought kills a tree, or what’s going on underground. Where is the water flowing in areas we can’t see?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephenson and his team of ecologists pull into a designated spot in the mountains, near Sequoia National Park, with truckloads of equipment they’ll have to carry in. Their mission: to find out what separates the surviving trees from the dead. Their ultimate destination is down a steep slope — through a blanket of pine needles, rotting tree limbs and a few yellow-jacket nests they are careful not to walk on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walk is worth it. Looming above is Odin, a green and thriving \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/nature/bigtrees.htm\">giant sequoia\u003c/a> that’s more than 1,600 years old. The top is 250 feet up. Its base is as wide as a city street. Odin was a sapling when Rome was still an empire and, for some reason, it and many other sequoias are resisting this drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In hopes of finding clues to Odin’s survival, \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/directory/detail/5622/\">Cameron Williams\u003c/a>, a researcher with the University of California, Berkeley, is heading up to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider myself a forest canopy biologist,” Williams says as he buckles on a climbing harness festooned with clips, carabiners, and an ascender — a kind of a clamp attached to the rope he will use to climb up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He practices his emergency communication system: “Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhhhhhhh,” he yells, then laughs. Williams can joke because he’s done this so many times. He and his climbing partner, \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/dawsonlab/people/rikke-reese-naesborg/\">Rikke Naesborg\u003c/a>, also a research scientist at UC Berkeley, have spent hundreds of hours up in this tree. They take meticulous measurements, limb by limb, as though studying a patient etherized on a table. “Every single branch,” says Naesborg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She takes notes dangling from the rope. “You get used to it,” she says. They check the tree’s growth rate, and how much moisture is in each branch and in the needles and cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very, very laborious,” Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/dawsont\">Todd Dawson\u003c/a>, the plant ecologist from UC Berkeley who is in charge of the expedition, says what’s happening to these forests is shocking and abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot more dead trees in this forest than I’ve ever seen since we’ve been working here — since 2008,” Dawson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112768\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112768\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg\" alt=\"Left: Dawson's team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin's branches, taking measurements. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-768x431.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-375x210.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Dawson’s team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin’s branches, taking measurements. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawson is like an epidemiologist — studying disease in a large population. In this case, the patients are trees. There are far too many to be able to climb each one, so while some members of the team take Odin’s measurements, Dawson is going to experiment with another approach. He’ll fly a drone around the giant sequoia — carefully avoiding branches on every side — and take detailed images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first time for all of us,” says drone jockey Tom Jennings, who works for a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cloudd8ta.com/author/tomcloudd8ta-com/\">CloudD8TA\u003c/a>. “So we’re taking our time and trying to be very cautious. We’re dealing with the canopy, and that’s a new hazard that I’m not used to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drones will fly to the top of the tree and then down around it in a spiral, taking many different sorts of images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the team hopes to do is compare what the climbers see with what the drones reveal. If drones can diagnose a tree as well as a climber can, they could cover a whole forest much faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black drone rises from the ground, equipped with sophisticated cameras. It’s about 3-feet square and looks like something Darth Vader would have on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It records, basically, the reflected light off the canopy,” Dawson explains. “And that reflected light give us the health of the crown itself — water content and other chemicals like chlorophyll content, which is related to photosynthesis and nitrogen content.” These readings reflect how stressed the tree is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the drone slowly descends from the top of Odin, Williams pulls himself up the tree, on a rope the size of his pinky finger. He narrates his climb into a microphone clipped to his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we just reached 160ish feet above the ground,” Williams says. “Looks like a long way down there, and I can hear a drone overhead. Sounds like a giant bee’s nest. Looking around the landscape you can really see a lot of dead trees. Wow. There are hundreds — potentially thousands — of dead trees I can see in this one view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, from these sorts of measurements, Dawson has found that forests at low and mid-elevations — pine trees, fir, cedar — are suffering the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112772\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112772\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg\" alt=\"A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \" width=\"400\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-240x179.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-375x280.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drought and heat can choke a tree to death, scientists have found, by causing gas bubbles to form in the trunk, and block the flow of water. The stressed trees also close their stomata — the pores they respire through in the leaves and needles. That conserves moisture, but at a high cost. They can’t take in the carbon dioxide they need to survive. In other cases, beetles detect the weak trees and single them out — like predators taking wounded prey on the Serengeti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how are giant sequoias like Odin different? It could be that sequoias tend grow where there’s more groundwater, Dawson says. Or maybe it’s the way they shed needles when stressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Understanding how different species of trees respond is already helping scientists focus their rescue efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, you might thin the forest in places, removing some small trees and underbrush, Stephenson says. Having fewer straws sucking water out of the ground, means more water, more light and more nutrients for the biggest trees in the landscape, he says. And that would help the survivors weather future environmental stresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s current drought is disaster, but also a huge natural experiment, the forest ecologists say. Any lessons they can glean from studying Odin — going strong despite the drought — could help them save the rest of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Is+A+1%2C600-Year-Old+Tree+Weathering+California%27s+Drought%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Four years of too little water is killing millions of trees in the Sierra, yet some giant sequoias still thrive. Tree-climbing scientists are exploring sequoias branch by branch to find their secret.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704929478,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1279},"headData":{"title":"How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California's Drought? | KQED","description":"Four years of too little water is killing millions of trees in the Sierra, yet some giant sequoias still thrive. Tree-climbing scientists are exploring sequoias branch by branch to find their secret.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California's Drought?","datePublished":"2016-10-27T22:47:19.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:31:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"http://www.npr.org/","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Christopher Joyce\u003c/br>NPR","nprImageAgency":"John Buie/Flickr","nprStoryId":"499453623","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=499453623&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/27/499453623/a-1-600-year-old-tree-may-hold-the-secret-to-surviving-california-s-drought?ft=nprml&f=499453623","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 27 Oct 2016 18:19:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 27 Oct 2016 15:45:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 27 Oct 2016 17:31:58 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2016/10/20161027_atc_how_is_a_1600-year-old_tree_weathering_californias_drought.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=389&p=2&story=499453623&t=progseg&e=499572332&seg=9&ft=nprml&f=499453623","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1499637494-7fef8a.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=389&p=2&story=499453623&t=progseg&e=499572332&seg=9&ft=nprml&f=499453623","path":"/science/1112761/how-is-a-1600-year-old-tree-weathering-californias-drought","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2016/10/20161027_atc_how_is_a_1600-year-old_tree_weathering_californias_drought.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=389&p=2&story=499453623&t=progseg&e=499572332&seg=9&ft=nprml&f=499453623","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been a brutal forest fire season in California. But there’s actually a greater threat to California’s trees — the state’s record-setting drought. The lack of water has killed at least 60 million trees in the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are struggling to understand which trees are most vulnerable to drought and how to keep the survivors alive. To that end, they’re sending human climbers and flying drones into the treetops, in a novel biological experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a distance, the forests of the Sierra Nevada look blotchy, with patches of dead trees standing right next to healthy green ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/person.aspx?personid=138\">Nate Stephenson\u003c/a>, an ecologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, says the drought and high heat combine to do things he hasn’t seen before. “We don’t really understand a lot of things,” he says, “like exactly how a drought kills a tree, or what’s going on underground. Where is the water flowing in areas we can’t see?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephenson and his team of ecologists pull into a designated spot in the mountains, near Sequoia National Park, with truckloads of equipment they’ll have to carry in. Their mission: to find out what separates the surviving trees from the dead. Their ultimate destination is down a steep slope — through a blanket of pine needles, rotting tree limbs and a few yellow-jacket nests they are careful not to walk on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walk is worth it. Looming above is Odin, a green and thriving \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/nature/bigtrees.htm\">giant sequoia\u003c/a> that’s more than 1,600 years old. The top is 250 feet up. Its base is as wide as a city street. Odin was a sapling when Rome was still an empire and, for some reason, it and many other sequoias are resisting this drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In hopes of finding clues to Odin’s survival, \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/directory/detail/5622/\">Cameron Williams\u003c/a>, a researcher with the University of California, Berkeley, is heading up to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider myself a forest canopy biologist,” Williams says as he buckles on a climbing harness festooned with clips, carabiners, and an ascender — a kind of a clamp attached to the rope he will use to climb up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He practices his emergency communication system: “Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhhhhhhh,” he yells, then laughs. Williams can joke because he’s done this so many times. He and his climbing partner, \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/dawsonlab/people/rikke-reese-naesborg/\">Rikke Naesborg\u003c/a>, also a research scientist at UC Berkeley, have spent hundreds of hours up in this tree. They take meticulous measurements, limb by limb, as though studying a patient etherized on a table. “Every single branch,” says Naesborg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She takes notes dangling from the rope. “You get used to it,” she says. They check the tree’s growth rate, and how much moisture is in each branch and in the needles and cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very, very laborious,” Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/dawsont\">Todd Dawson\u003c/a>, the plant ecologist from UC Berkeley who is in charge of the expedition, says what’s happening to these forests is shocking and abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot more dead trees in this forest than I’ve ever seen since we’ve been working here — since 2008,” Dawson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112768\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112768\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg\" alt=\"Left: Dawson's team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin's branches, taking measurements. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-768x431.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-375x210.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Dawson’s team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin’s branches, taking measurements. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawson is like an epidemiologist — studying disease in a large population. In this case, the patients are trees. There are far too many to be able to climb each one, so while some members of the team take Odin’s measurements, Dawson is going to experiment with another approach. He’ll fly a drone around the giant sequoia — carefully avoiding branches on every side — and take detailed images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first time for all of us,” says drone jockey Tom Jennings, who works for a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cloudd8ta.com/author/tomcloudd8ta-com/\">CloudD8TA\u003c/a>. “So we’re taking our time and trying to be very cautious. We’re dealing with the canopy, and that’s a new hazard that I’m not used to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drones will fly to the top of the tree and then down around it in a spiral, taking many different sorts of images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the team hopes to do is compare what the climbers see with what the drones reveal. If drones can diagnose a tree as well as a climber can, they could cover a whole forest much faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black drone rises from the ground, equipped with sophisticated cameras. It’s about 3-feet square and looks like something Darth Vader would have on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It records, basically, the reflected light off the canopy,” Dawson explains. “And that reflected light give us the health of the crown itself — water content and other chemicals like chlorophyll content, which is related to photosynthesis and nitrogen content.” These readings reflect how stressed the tree is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the drone slowly descends from the top of Odin, Williams pulls himself up the tree, on a rope the size of his pinky finger. He narrates his climb into a microphone clipped to his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we just reached 160ish feet above the ground,” Williams says. “Looks like a long way down there, and I can hear a drone overhead. Sounds like a giant bee’s nest. Looking around the landscape you can really see a lot of dead trees. Wow. There are hundreds — potentially thousands — of dead trees I can see in this one view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, from these sorts of measurements, Dawson has found that forests at low and mid-elevations — pine trees, fir, cedar — are suffering the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112772\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112772\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg\" alt=\"A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \" width=\"400\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-240x179.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-375x280.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drought and heat can choke a tree to death, scientists have found, by causing gas bubbles to form in the trunk, and block the flow of water. The stressed trees also close their stomata — the pores they respire through in the leaves and needles. That conserves moisture, but at a high cost. They can’t take in the carbon dioxide they need to survive. In other cases, beetles detect the weak trees and single them out — like predators taking wounded prey on the Serengeti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how are giant sequoias like Odin different? It could be that sequoias tend grow where there’s more groundwater, Dawson says. Or maybe it’s the way they shed needles when stressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Understanding how different species of trees respond is already helping scientists focus their rescue efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, you might thin the forest in places, removing some small trees and underbrush, Stephenson says. Having fewer straws sucking water out of the ground, means more water, more light and more nutrients for the biggest trees in the landscape, he says. And that would help the survivors weather future environmental stresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s current drought is disaster, but also a huge natural experiment, the forest ecologists say. Any lessons they can glean from studying Odin — going strong despite the drought — could help them save the rest of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Is+A+1%2C600-Year-Old+Tree+Weathering+California%27s+Drought%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1112761/how-is-a-1600-year-old-tree-weathering-californias-drought","authors":["byline_science_1112761"],"categories":["science_35","science_40"],"featImg":"science_1112762","label":"source_science_1112761"},"news_10969533":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10969533","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10969533","score":null,"sort":[1465023945000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"he-sang-like-a-bird-and-saved-the-trees","title":"Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird","publishDate":1465023945,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Charles Kellogg is remembered as a naturalist, a man who spent his life fighting to protect California’s forests in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. But Kellogg’s first claim has to do with his throat, not his activism. It was said that the man came into this world with the vocal chords of a bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969649\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10969649\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg travelled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California.\" width=\"421\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-400x586.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-960x1406.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles.jpeg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg traveled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg was born in Susanville, a small town on the eastern edge of California. It was 1868 and old-growth trees around him were being logged to build towns and cities across the state. Kellogg would later tour the country to raise awareness about the destruction of these beautiful trees. First though, he toured vaudeville stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the late 19th century, whistling bird songs was a big thing. Performers would imitate birds, or whistle bird songs to music. Kellogg claimed that he had a singular gift as a performer. Unlike others, Kellogg said he did not whistle with his lips, but made the songs with his throat, just like a bird. He opened his mouth and presto! Out came the mellifluous chirpings and songs of our ornithological friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now most of us humans have larynges. Kellogg, on the other hand, said he possessed the larynx of a bird, a “syrinx.” Needless to say, your friends at The World According to Sound find this anatomical claim dubious. But back in the day it was a big hit. Kellogg traveled around the world singing his canti d’uccelli in vaudeville shows. The Western world couldn’t get enough of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellogg rose to pop star fame on account of his bird throat, but he is remembered for his conservationism. Always a lover of trees, Kellogg was particularly enamored of that majestic northern Californian evergreen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conifers.org/cu/Sequoia.php\">sequoia sempervirens\u003c/a>, the giant redwood. The love ran so deep he built an RV out of the trunk of a fallen redwood. In it he traveled across the country -- four times! -- trumpeting the virtues of the sequoia to Americans totally ignorant of the giant tree. This must have taken forever, too. His RV topped out at 18 mph. Good Lord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10969651\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-400x356.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-1180x1050.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-960x854.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg’s so-called Travel Log is a thing of beauty, and arguably the first modern-day mobile home in America. Add that to Kellogg’s quirky list of accomplishments. You can check out Kellogg’s old RV in person at \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtredwoods.org/\">Humboldt Redwoods State Park\u003c/a>. As for this sound, we have it thanks to the Library of Congress, which preserves this bird music along with countless other audio wonders in its extensive sound collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes from our friends Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett at \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">The World According to Sound\u003c/a>. Check out their podcast for more unexpected and delightful audio treats.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Charles Kellogg could sing like a bird, but he dedicated his life to saving trees.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1465395986,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":504},"headData":{"title":"Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird | KQED","description":"Charles Kellogg could sing like a bird, but he dedicated his life to saving trees.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird","datePublished":"2016-06-04T07:05:45.000Z","dateModified":"2016-06-08T14:26:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10969533 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10969533","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/04/he-sang-like-a-bird-and-saved-the-trees/","disqusTitle":"Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2016/06/2016-06-03c-tcrmag.mp3","guestFields":"0","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Chris Hoff\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Sam Harnett\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10969533/he-sang-like-a-bird-and-saved-the-trees","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Charles Kellogg is remembered as a naturalist, a man who spent his life fighting to protect California’s forests in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. But Kellogg’s first claim has to do with his throat, not his activism. It was said that the man came into this world with the vocal chords of a bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969649\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10969649\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg travelled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California.\" width=\"421\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-400x586.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-960x1406.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles.jpeg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg traveled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg was born in Susanville, a small town on the eastern edge of California. It was 1868 and old-growth trees around him were being logged to build towns and cities across the state. Kellogg would later tour the country to raise awareness about the destruction of these beautiful trees. First though, he toured vaudeville stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the late 19th century, whistling bird songs was a big thing. Performers would imitate birds, or whistle bird songs to music. Kellogg claimed that he had a singular gift as a performer. Unlike others, Kellogg said he did not whistle with his lips, but made the songs with his throat, just like a bird. He opened his mouth and presto! Out came the mellifluous chirpings and songs of our ornithological friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now most of us humans have larynges. Kellogg, on the other hand, said he possessed the larynx of a bird, a “syrinx.” Needless to say, your friends at The World According to Sound find this anatomical claim dubious. But back in the day it was a big hit. Kellogg traveled around the world singing his canti d’uccelli in vaudeville shows. The Western world couldn’t get enough of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellogg rose to pop star fame on account of his bird throat, but he is remembered for his conservationism. Always a lover of trees, Kellogg was particularly enamored of that majestic northern Californian evergreen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conifers.org/cu/Sequoia.php\">sequoia sempervirens\u003c/a>, the giant redwood. The love ran so deep he built an RV out of the trunk of a fallen redwood. In it he traveled across the country -- four times! -- trumpeting the virtues of the sequoia to Americans totally ignorant of the giant tree. This must have taken forever, too. His RV topped out at 18 mph. Good Lord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10969651\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-400x356.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-1180x1050.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-960x854.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg’s so-called Travel Log is a thing of beauty, and arguably the first modern-day mobile home in America. Add that to Kellogg’s quirky list of accomplishments. You can check out Kellogg’s old RV in person at \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtredwoods.org/\">Humboldt Redwoods State Park\u003c/a>. As for this sound, we have it thanks to the Library of Congress, which preserves this bird music along with countless other audio wonders in its extensive sound collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes from our friends Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett at \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">The World According to Sound\u003c/a>. Check out their podcast for more unexpected and delightful audio treats.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10969533/he-sang-like-a-bird-and-saved-the-trees","authors":["byline_news_10969533"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_223","news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_2426","news_18865","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_10969650","label":"news_72"},"news_10953916":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10953916","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10953916","score":null,"sort":[1463209537000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"months-after-rough-fire-millions-of-giant-sequoia-seedlings-take-root","title":"After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root","publishDate":1463209537,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The lightning-sparked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/x08/18/campgrounds-closed-as-fast-moving-sierra-fire-burns-20000-acres\" target=\"_blank\">Rough Fire\u003c/a> burned last year for more than five months, consuming over 150,000 acres of forest in the Sierra Nevada. Now, after a wet winter, the charred forest is slowly coming back to life -- and the first signs of growth are the tiniest of seedlings that may become the world’s largest trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015 the Rough Fire in the mountains east of Fresno grew so large that it threatened 12 different giant sequoia groves. Unlike the millions of pine and fir trees that were decimated by the blaze, giant sequoia trees weren’t taken out altogether. Instead, the Rough Fire actually helped them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a lot of the sequoia groves that burned in the Rough Fire that had never seen fire,” says Tony Caprio, a fire ecologist with Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"So those trees have been accumulating cones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Rough Fire crept through these groves, Caprio says the fire burned the cones, unleashing oatmeal-like seeds into the fertile soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get a pulse of heat up into the crown, it dries those cones and then they will open up and release the seeds. Following the fire in the groves, the ground was littered with just millions and millions of seeds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953941\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Caprio, a few other scientists and I are hiking the 1½-mile North Grove Trail in Grant Grove. Caprio says many giant sequoias withstood the Rough Fire because the Park Service used prescribed burns to decrease the chance of high-intensity blazes. The other reason is the sequoia's fibrous bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has a lot of air pockets in it,\" Caprio says. \"If you come over here and actually knock on it, it actually sounds hollow. So the heat from the fire doesn’t penetrate the tree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little farther down the trail there’s a clear delineation of how prescribed burns can help preserve the landscape. National Park Service Fire Information Officer Mike Theune points to an area west of the trail where everything is charred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so hot,\" says Theune. \"It came up this hill. This is not a place you would want to be. So there was some tree mortality in this inner part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area not too far from the famous General Grant Tree was never intentionally burned to reduce the hazards of wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"YhmbUXMGwTeHNoJHo0pavuA75n2IHsiU\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can really see how hot it got in there, up in the canopies, even the giant sequoias,” Theune says. “That’s the heat of the fire. Up to your left you’ll see green. This is an area where the fire literally hit one of our prescribed fire treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire approached this previously treated area the blaze slowed down, preventing damage to the core of Grant Grove. But despite how dead and scorched this area looks today, at our feet are signs of the forest ready to regenerate itself. All those seeds that the fire unlocked are beginning to sprout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>MIKE THEUNE: “They’re really tiny. Almost smaller than your pinky finger.”\u003cbr>\nEZRA ROMERO: “Do you see one down here?”\u003cbr>\nTHEUNE: “Oh, yeah. I can point them out. They’re little tiny, green... That’s a baby sequoia there. Eventually over 1,000 plus years, one of these baby sequoias will be one of our new giant sequoias.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>He also says so many seeds have germinated that clusters of seedlings are growing up together, which he says usually doesn’t happen. By next year Theune and Caprio expect the seedlings to be joined by ferns and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-960x635.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’ll look like there’s a green lawn out there with all the little sequoia seedlings,\" Caprio says. \"The thing we have to think about in the future is how we manage fire in that area, because we want some of those to survive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says a prescribed burn a few years ago in another giant sequoia grove taught them how important fire is in thinning out young seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine if none of these trees never got thinned out how dense of a forest it would be,\" Theune says. \"So this process takes generations of time. It’s slow, but this is the process of the forest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hope to apply those lessons to this grove, so in 1,000 years these little seedlings could be some of the largest trees in the world.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In the mountains east of Fresno, they might grow to become the world's largest trees.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1463194255,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":827},"headData":{"title":"After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root | KQED","description":"In the mountains east of Fresno, they might grow to become the world's largest trees.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root","datePublished":"2016-05-14T07:05:37.000Z","dateModified":"2016-05-14T02:50:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10953916 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10953916","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/14/months-after-rough-fire-millions-of-giant-sequoia-seedlings-take-root/","disqusTitle":"After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/\">Valley Public Radio\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10953916/months-after-rough-fire-millions-of-giant-sequoia-seedlings-take-root","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The lightning-sparked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/x08/18/campgrounds-closed-as-fast-moving-sierra-fire-burns-20000-acres\" target=\"_blank\">Rough Fire\u003c/a> burned last year for more than five months, consuming over 150,000 acres of forest in the Sierra Nevada. Now, after a wet winter, the charred forest is slowly coming back to life -- and the first signs of growth are the tiniest of seedlings that may become the world’s largest trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015 the Rough Fire in the mountains east of Fresno grew so large that it threatened 12 different giant sequoia groves. Unlike the millions of pine and fir trees that were decimated by the blaze, giant sequoia trees weren’t taken out altogether. Instead, the Rough Fire actually helped them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a lot of the sequoia groves that burned in the Rough Fire that had never seen fire,” says Tony Caprio, a fire ecologist with Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"So those trees have been accumulating cones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Rough Fire crept through these groves, Caprio says the fire burned the cones, unleashing oatmeal-like seeds into the fertile soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get a pulse of heat up into the crown, it dries those cones and then they will open up and release the seeds. Following the fire in the groves, the ground was littered with just millions and millions of seeds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953941\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Caprio, a few other scientists and I are hiking the 1½-mile North Grove Trail in Grant Grove. Caprio says many giant sequoias withstood the Rough Fire because the Park Service used prescribed burns to decrease the chance of high-intensity blazes. The other reason is the sequoia's fibrous bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has a lot of air pockets in it,\" Caprio says. \"If you come over here and actually knock on it, it actually sounds hollow. So the heat from the fire doesn’t penetrate the tree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little farther down the trail there’s a clear delineation of how prescribed burns can help preserve the landscape. National Park Service Fire Information Officer Mike Theune points to an area west of the trail where everything is charred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so hot,\" says Theune. \"It came up this hill. This is not a place you would want to be. So there was some tree mortality in this inner part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area not too far from the famous General Grant Tree was never intentionally burned to reduce the hazards of wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can really see how hot it got in there, up in the canopies, even the giant sequoias,” Theune says. “That’s the heat of the fire. Up to your left you’ll see green. This is an area where the fire literally hit one of our prescribed fire treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire approached this previously treated area the blaze slowed down, preventing damage to the core of Grant Grove. But despite how dead and scorched this area looks today, at our feet are signs of the forest ready to regenerate itself. All those seeds that the fire unlocked are beginning to sprout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>MIKE THEUNE: “They’re really tiny. Almost smaller than your pinky finger.”\u003cbr>\nEZRA ROMERO: “Do you see one down here?”\u003cbr>\nTHEUNE: “Oh, yeah. I can point them out. They’re little tiny, green... That’s a baby sequoia there. Eventually over 1,000 plus years, one of these baby sequoias will be one of our new giant sequoias.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>He also says so many seeds have germinated that clusters of seedlings are growing up together, which he says usually doesn’t happen. By next year Theune and Caprio expect the seedlings to be joined by ferns and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-960x635.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’ll look like there’s a green lawn out there with all the little sequoia seedlings,\" Caprio says. \"The thing we have to think about in the future is how we manage fire in that area, because we want some of those to survive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says a prescribed burn a few years ago in another giant sequoia grove taught them how important fire is in thinning out young seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine if none of these trees never got thinned out how dense of a forest it would be,\" Theune says. \"So this process takes generations of time. It’s slow, but this is the process of the forest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hope to apply those lessons to this grove, so in 1,000 years these little seedlings could be some of the largest trees in the world.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10953916/months-after-rough-fire-millions-of-giant-sequoia-seedlings-take-root","authors":["byline_news_10953916"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18474","news_18473","news_18865","news_17286","news_17041","news_2595"],"affiliates":["news_18382"],"featImg":"news_10953920","label":"news_72"},"news_10753979":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10753979","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10753979","score":null,"sort":[1447207727000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sequoias","title":"Sequoias","publishDate":1447207727,"format":"video","headTitle":"KQED Newsroom | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":7052,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California's historic drought has killed more than 6 million trees in the Sierra Nevada, from cedars to oaks. Now the state's iconic giant sequoias are starting to show signs of stress. KQED Science producer Gabriela Quirós follows a team of UC Berkeley biologists as they climb several giant trees in Sequoia National Park to measure their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program that airs on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM, or watch online \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California's historic drought has killed more than 6 million trees in the Sierra Nevada, from cedars to oaks. Now the state's iconic giant sequoias are starting to show signs of stress.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1447208453,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":107},"headData":{"title":"Sequoias | KQED","description":"California's historic drought has killed more than 6 million trees in the Sierra Nevada, from cedars to oaks. Now the state's iconic giant sequoias are starting to show signs of stress.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Sequoias","datePublished":"2015-11-11T02:08:47.000Z","dateModified":"2015-11-11T02:20:53.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10753979 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10753979","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/10/sequoias/","disqusTitle":"Sequoias","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ISOwzV2kcw&feature=youtu.be","nprByline":"Gabriela Quirós","path":"/news/10753979/sequoias","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California's historic drought has killed more than 6 million trees in the Sierra Nevada, from cedars to oaks. Now the state's iconic giant sequoias are starting to show signs of stress. KQED Science producer Gabriela Quirós follows a team of UC Berkeley biologists as they climb several giant trees in Sequoia National Park to measure their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program that airs on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM, or watch online \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10753979/sequoias","authors":["byline_news_10753979"],"programs":["news_7052"],"categories":["news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18538","news_17601","news_18865"],"featImg":"news_10753983","label":"news_7052"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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