How California's Worst Oil Spill Turned Beaches Black and the Nation Green
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He also helped establish the first newsroom at \u003ca href=\"http://kut.org/\">KUT\u003c/a> in Austin, Texas where he was a general assignment reporter.\r\n\r\nSteven has received numerous awards for his reporting including an RTNDA Edward R. Murrow Award for investigative reporting in addition to awards from the LA Press Club, the Associated Press and the Society for Professional Journalists.\r\n\r\nSteven grew up in and around San Francisco and now lives in Pasadena just a short jog from the foot of the San Gabriel Mountains.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bbb0bb7b496f83ab350e23ad0dc7c81c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Steven Cuevas | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bbb0bb7b496f83ab350e23ad0dc7c81c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bbb0bb7b496f83ab350e23ad0dc7c81c?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/scuevas"},"markfiore":{"type":"authors","id":"3236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3236","found":true},"name":"Mark Fiore","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Fiore","slug":"markfiore","email":"mark@markfiore.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED News Cartoonist","bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11721584":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11721584","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11721584","score":null,"sort":[1548705484000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-californias-worst-oil-spill-turned-beaches-black-and-the-nation-green","title":"How California's Worst Oil Spill Turned Beaches Black and the Nation Green","publishDate":1548705484,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>On January 28, 1969, an oil well off the coast of Santa Barbara, Calif., experienced a blowout. The result was an oil spill that at the time ranked as the largest in U.S. waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disaster, which made headlines across the nation, helped create the modern environmental movement. It also led to restrictions on offshore drilling — restrictions the Trump Administration is trying to loosen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The events that led to the spill began one morning on Platform A, a rig located about six miles from the coast and operated at the time by Union Oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers had already drilled four wells from the platform and were drilling a fifth when they ran into a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You punch into some of these oil reservoirs and you get a lot of back pressure,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.eemb.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/mccauley\">Douglas McCauley\u003c/a>, a marine biologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCauley has brought me out to Platform A on a boat, which circles the rig as he talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tells me that in this case, the back pressure overwhelmed the well's safety systems. This allowed crude oil and natural gas trapped thousands of feet down to rocket toward the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So they're taking these big drilling pipes and shoving them back down the hole and these gigantic steel blocks on top of that to seal off this blowout,\" McCauley says. It worked, but only for a few minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They had capped off the blowout successfully,\" McCauley says. \"But they created so much pressure at the bottom of this well that it actually broke open the seabed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721587\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11721587 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-800x577.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-1020x735.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-1200x865.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb.jpg 1773w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"They had capped off the blowout successfully,\" says Douglas McCauley, a marine biologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. \"But they created so much pressure at the bottom of this well that it actually broke open the seabed.\" \u003ccite>(Jon Hamilton/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Better reinforcement of the well might have prevented the spill. But Union Oil had received a waiver from the government that allowed the company to drill without installing steel casing pipe to the depth usually required by federal regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unimpeded, oil and gas under tremendous pressure opened five separate gashes in the soft sandstone seabed. So much gas bubbled to the surface near Platform A that the water appeared to boiling. And oil from the underwater fissures began to form a slick that would eventually cover an area nearly the size of Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effect on marine life was profound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right where we're sitting right now you transformed from this ecosystem of amazing richness, amazing biodiversity, amazing biological activity into a sort of Armageddon of blackness,\" McCauley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a few days for the oil to reach Santa Barbara's famous beaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I smelled it long before I saw it; it really stank around here,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.es.ucsb.edu/people/j-marc-mcginnes\">Marc McGinnes\u003c/a>, a lawyer who came down from San Francisco. \"And when I looked at the oil on the beach, I cried.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGinnes left his job at a big law firm to help launch a legal response to the spill. He would go on to become a key figure in the environmental efforts that grew out the event as well as a faculty member at UCSB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721590\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11721590 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/cleanup-11_enl-a5cb2fa688fdf35f4517047e09007d7d62a82997-1-800x482.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"482\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cleanup workers rake oil-soaked hay along a Santa Barbara beach in 1969, after an oil spill that was then the largest in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spill received enough media attention that President Richard Nixon made a trip to survey the damage in a helicopter. He also visited an oil-soaked beach near Santa Barbara Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon spent his time on the beach \"walking around gingerly\" to avoid stepping on the sticky blobs of oil, McGinnes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil killed thousands of birds and an unknown number of sea mammals. Hundreds of oiled birds that were still alive were taken to the Santa Barbara Zoo, which is just a few steps from the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time there was really no place or process to care for the oiled wildlife that was showing up on the beaches,\" says Nancy McToldridge, the zoo's director. \"So the zoo closed its doors and concentrated its time and energy into taking in these oiled birds, treating them and then rehabbing them back out into the wild.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suffering and deaths of so many animals helped get the public's attention and spur lawmakers to action. And 1969 marked a turning point for environmental activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Santa Barbara oil spill really helped to take an issue that was growing and really convert it into legislative action and a whole body of environmental law at the federal level and also at the state level that we still have with us today,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.es.ucsb.edu/people/peter-alagona\">Peter Alagona\u003c/a>, a historian at UCSB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/688219307/689252708\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthday.org/\">Earth Day\u003c/a> took place just over a year later in April of 1970. The Environmental Protection Agency was created in December of that year. Environmental laws passed or strengthened during this period included the Clean Air, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\">Clean Water\u003c/a> and Endangered Species Acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason the 1969 oil spill had such an impact was that Santa Barbara was home to a lot of wealthy Republicans who had helped elect Nixon, Alagona says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon himself was no environmentalist, Alagona says, \"but he realized during a time when there were many other extremely controversial, divisive issues like the Vietnam War for instance, that as American public concern grew about damage to the environment that this could potentially be a winning issue for him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Nixon signed the environmental legislation, even though many in his own party opposed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11721596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/rig-17_enl-335db3bf6117d4fa390f96f28775f014030af2a3-1-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"568\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The oil slick visible around Platform A in the Santa Barbara Channel emanated from fissures in the seabed.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Santa Barbara is much better prepared for an oil spill than it was in 1969. There's a 46-foot fast-response vessel in the harbor. And animals exposed to oil are cared for by a statewide group called the \u003ca href=\"https://owcn.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/\">Oiled Wildlife Care Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response system got a test in 2015, when an oil pipeline burst a few miles up the coast. Workers deployed thousands of feet of floating boom to help contain the spill and skimmer boats began removing the oil from the water's surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, members of the Oiled Wildlife Care Network sprang into action, rescuing and caring for oiled animals. And those animals were more likely to survive than the ones oiled in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many more animals survive now than they would have back in the '60s or '70s or even the '80s,\" says Julie Barnes, a veterinarian and vice president for animal health and care at the Santa Barbara Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's partly because of what animal care experts learned from the Santa Barbara spill, Barnes says. But they've learned even more from the Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska in 1989 and the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's got to the point that there's so many spills that for animals there's a highly organized system in place,\" Barnes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721586\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11721586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1920x1302.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A duck covered in a thick coating of crude oil, picked up when it lighted on waters off Carpinteria State Beach in Santa Barbara County, Calif., after the oil spill in January 1969. \u003ccite>(Bettmann/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the greatest environmental danger from oil probably isn't another spill, McCauley says. It's the climate change caused by burning all that oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara got a preview of what that might mean a year ago, he says. It came in the form of a mudslide that careened through the community of Montecito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were boulders and trees traveling at like 22 miles per hour down the street,\" McCauley says. \"It destroyed 100 houses and killed 21 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's difficult to peg any one incident to climate change. But the mudslide followed the sort of extreme weather thought to accompany global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think of that as being the most insidious, the worst thing the oil industry has done to our community,\" McCauley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An end to offshore drilling would help reduce the effects of climate change by reducing the supply of oil, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump Administration seems headed in the other direction. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/National-OCS-Program/\">preparing a five-year plan\u003c/a> expected to greatly increase offshore drilling in federally controlled waters, including those off the coast of Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+California%27s+Worst+Oil+Spill+Turned+Beaches+Black+And+The+Nation+Green&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In 1969, oil from an offshore well left beaches in Santa Barbara, Calif., coated with crude and littered with dead birds. The country's reaction helped create the modern environmental movement.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1548708388,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":1403},"headData":{"title":"How California's Worst Oil Spill Turned Beaches Black and the Nation Green | KQED","description":"In 1969, oil from an offshore well left beaches in Santa Barbara, Calif., coated with crude and littered with dead birds. The country's reaction helped create the modern environmental movement.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11721584 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11721584","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/01/28/how-californias-worst-oil-spill-turned-beaches-black-and-the-nation-green/","disqusTitle":"How California's Worst Oil Spill Turned Beaches Black and the Nation Green","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"www.npr.org","nprImageCredit":"Bettmann","nprByline":"Jon Hamilton","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"688219307","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=688219307&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/01/28/688219307/how-californias-worst-oil-spill-turned-beaches-black-and-the-nation-green?ft=nprml&f=688219307","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 28 Jan 2019 11:51:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 28 Jan 2019 05:29:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 28 Jan 2019 11:51:15 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/01/20190128_me_santa_barbara_oil_spill_anniversary.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=344&p=3&story=688219307&ft=nprml&f=688219307","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1689252708-a5e623.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=344&p=3&story=688219307&ft=nprml&f=688219307","audioTrackLength":345,"path":"/news/11721584/how-californias-worst-oil-spill-turned-beaches-black-and-the-nation-green","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/01/20190128_me_santa_barbara_oil_spill_anniversary.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=344&p=3&story=688219307&ft=nprml&f=688219307","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On January 28, 1969, an oil well off the coast of Santa Barbara, Calif., experienced a blowout. The result was an oil spill that at the time ranked as the largest in U.S. waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disaster, which made headlines across the nation, helped create the modern environmental movement. It also led to restrictions on offshore drilling — restrictions the Trump Administration is trying to loosen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The events that led to the spill began one morning on Platform A, a rig located about six miles from the coast and operated at the time by Union Oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers had already drilled four wells from the platform and were drilling a fifth when they ran into a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You punch into some of these oil reservoirs and you get a lot of back pressure,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.eemb.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/mccauley\">Douglas McCauley\u003c/a>, a marine biologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCauley has brought me out to Platform A on a boat, which circles the rig as he talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tells me that in this case, the back pressure overwhelmed the well's safety systems. This allowed crude oil and natural gas trapped thousands of feet down to rocket toward the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So they're taking these big drilling pipes and shoving them back down the hole and these gigantic steel blocks on top of that to seal off this blowout,\" McCauley says. It worked, but only for a few minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They had capped off the blowout successfully,\" McCauley says. \"But they created so much pressure at the bottom of this well that it actually broke open the seabed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721587\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11721587 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-800x577.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-1020x735.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb-1200x865.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/mccauley-18_enl-c408eab6d551532cc7b1cee94d3df29fb6d97bbb.jpg 1773w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"They had capped off the blowout successfully,\" says Douglas McCauley, a marine biologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. \"But they created so much pressure at the bottom of this well that it actually broke open the seabed.\" \u003ccite>(Jon Hamilton/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Better reinforcement of the well might have prevented the spill. But Union Oil had received a waiver from the government that allowed the company to drill without installing steel casing pipe to the depth usually required by federal regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unimpeded, oil and gas under tremendous pressure opened five separate gashes in the soft sandstone seabed. So much gas bubbled to the surface near Platform A that the water appeared to boiling. And oil from the underwater fissures began to form a slick that would eventually cover an area nearly the size of Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effect on marine life was profound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right where we're sitting right now you transformed from this ecosystem of amazing richness, amazing biodiversity, amazing biological activity into a sort of Armageddon of blackness,\" McCauley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a few days for the oil to reach Santa Barbara's famous beaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I smelled it long before I saw it; it really stank around here,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.es.ucsb.edu/people/j-marc-mcginnes\">Marc McGinnes\u003c/a>, a lawyer who came down from San Francisco. \"And when I looked at the oil on the beach, I cried.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGinnes left his job at a big law firm to help launch a legal response to the spill. He would go on to become a key figure in the environmental efforts that grew out the event as well as a faculty member at UCSB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721590\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11721590 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/cleanup-11_enl-a5cb2fa688fdf35f4517047e09007d7d62a82997-1-800x482.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"482\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cleanup workers rake oil-soaked hay along a Santa Barbara beach in 1969, after an oil spill that was then the largest in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spill received enough media attention that President Richard Nixon made a trip to survey the damage in a helicopter. He also visited an oil-soaked beach near Santa Barbara Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon spent his time on the beach \"walking around gingerly\" to avoid stepping on the sticky blobs of oil, McGinnes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil killed thousands of birds and an unknown number of sea mammals. Hundreds of oiled birds that were still alive were taken to the Santa Barbara Zoo, which is just a few steps from the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time there was really no place or process to care for the oiled wildlife that was showing up on the beaches,\" says Nancy McToldridge, the zoo's director. \"So the zoo closed its doors and concentrated its time and energy into taking in these oiled birds, treating them and then rehabbing them back out into the wild.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suffering and deaths of so many animals helped get the public's attention and spur lawmakers to action. And 1969 marked a turning point for environmental activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Santa Barbara oil spill really helped to take an issue that was growing and really convert it into legislative action and a whole body of environmental law at the federal level and also at the state level that we still have with us today,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.es.ucsb.edu/people/peter-alagona\">Peter Alagona\u003c/a>, a historian at UCSB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/688219307/689252708\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthday.org/\">Earth Day\u003c/a> took place just over a year later in April of 1970. The Environmental Protection Agency was created in December of that year. Environmental laws passed or strengthened during this period included the Clean Air, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\">Clean Water\u003c/a> and Endangered Species Acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason the 1969 oil spill had such an impact was that Santa Barbara was home to a lot of wealthy Republicans who had helped elect Nixon, Alagona says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon himself was no environmentalist, Alagona says, \"but he realized during a time when there were many other extremely controversial, divisive issues like the Vietnam War for instance, that as American public concern grew about damage to the environment that this could potentially be a winning issue for him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Nixon signed the environmental legislation, even though many in his own party opposed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11721596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/rig-17_enl-335db3bf6117d4fa390f96f28775f014030af2a3-1-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"568\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The oil slick visible around Platform A in the Santa Barbara Channel emanated from fissures in the seabed.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Santa Barbara is much better prepared for an oil spill than it was in 1969. There's a 46-foot fast-response vessel in the harbor. And animals exposed to oil are cared for by a statewide group called the \u003ca href=\"https://owcn.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/\">Oiled Wildlife Care Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response system got a test in 2015, when an oil pipeline burst a few miles up the coast. Workers deployed thousands of feet of floating boom to help contain the spill and skimmer boats began removing the oil from the water's surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, members of the Oiled Wildlife Care Network sprang into action, rescuing and caring for oiled animals. And those animals were more likely to survive than the ones oiled in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many more animals survive now than they would have back in the '60s or '70s or even the '80s,\" says Julie Barnes, a veterinarian and vice president for animal health and care at the Santa Barbara Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's partly because of what animal care experts learned from the Santa Barbara spill, Barnes says. But they've learned even more from the Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska in 1989 and the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's got to the point that there's so many spills that for animals there's a highly organized system in place,\" Barnes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721586\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11721586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/oilducksb-8jpg_enl-2c83d6410107d85220e82ec0e835f537ac22bc2c-1920x1302.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A duck covered in a thick coating of crude oil, picked up when it lighted on waters off Carpinteria State Beach in Santa Barbara County, Calif., after the oil spill in January 1969. \u003ccite>(Bettmann/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the greatest environmental danger from oil probably isn't another spill, McCauley says. It's the climate change caused by burning all that oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara got a preview of what that might mean a year ago, he says. It came in the form of a mudslide that careened through the community of Montecito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were boulders and trees traveling at like 22 miles per hour down the street,\" McCauley says. \"It destroyed 100 houses and killed 21 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's difficult to peg any one incident to climate change. But the mudslide followed the sort of extreme weather thought to accompany global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think of that as being the most insidious, the worst thing the oil industry has done to our community,\" McCauley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An end to offshore drilling would help reduce the effects of climate change by reducing the supply of oil, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump Administration seems headed in the other direction. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/National-OCS-Program/\">preparing a five-year plan\u003c/a> expected to greatly increase offshore drilling in federally controlled waters, including those off the coast of Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+California%27s+Worst+Oil+Spill+Turned+Beaches+Black+And+The+Nation+Green&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11721584/how-californias-worst-oil-spill-turned-beaches-black-and-the-nation-green","authors":["byline_news_11721584"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18132","news_20397","news_21506","news_18044","news_18150"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11721603","label":"source_news_11721584"},"news_11661358":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11661358","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11661358","score":null,"sort":[1523479374000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-oil-firms-had-nearly-400-violations","title":"California Oil Firms Had Nearly 400 Violations","publishDate":1523479374,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Oil and gas companies drilling in state waters off Southern California violated regulations nearly 400 times in the past three years, according to a report being released Wednesday by an environmental group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records compiled by the Center for Biological Diversity and obtained by The Associated Press show state violations ranging from severe corrosion to failed and missing tests required to gauge the strength of wells. No civil penalties were issued for any of the violations, according to a spokesman for the state agency responsible for overseeing oil operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said the problems could pose a serious threat to the environment if aging infrastructure fails and spills oil on beaches near major cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Knowing these facilities have been out there decades upon decades upon decades is a sign you're going to see a lot of corrosion and disrepair,\" said Kristen Monsell, an attorney for the center. \"We need to start getting all of this dirty, decaying infrastructure out of our ocean for good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings come three years after a corroded 2-foot-wide pipe owned by Plains All American Pipeline ruptured on land and spilled 120,000 gallons of crude that flowed toward the Santa Barbara coast. More than a fifth of the oil ended up in the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group produced its findings based on a California Public Records Act request filed with the Department of Conservation for all violation notices issued to offshore oil operations by the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources since 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency regulates oil and gas drilling and production throughout the state and in waters up to 3 miles from shore. The violations don't include platforms in federal waters, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918751/after-florida-gets-offshore-drilling-exemption-other-states-ask-for-the-same\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">President Trump intends to expand oil and gas drilling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 381 violations, about 290 were racked up by the state's biggest oil and gas producer, California Resources Corp., and two subsidiaries, THUMS Long Beach Co. and Tidelands in Long Beach and the Huntington Beach areas. A spokeswoman for the California Resources Corp. said the company and its affiliates believe they were in \"substantial compliance\" with well integrity testing practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the violations were for missing integrity tests required at least every five years. The environmental group found long lapses — some exceeding 20 years — between tests. Most of the missing and failed tests by THUMS on islands owned by the city of Long Beach were for injection wells used to stimulate oil and gas production or dump wastewater from the drilling process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"THUMS and Tidelands and their affiliates operate thousands of wells and work proactively with stakeholders to ensure safe and environmentally responsible operations,\" spokeswoman Margita Thompson said. \"Our active injection wells are in compliance with the five-year DOGGR injection well integrity test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don Drysdale, a spokesman for the state regulatory agency, said Tuesday that the division was still trying to verify that mechanical integrity tests were completed and passed by THUMS and Tidelands. He said no civil penalties were issued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the agency have long said regulators were too cozy with oil interests and had gone easy on enforcement. The current administration has acknowledged failings and vowed to be more proactive about oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Years and years had gone by without any record of those tests being performed by the company,\" Monsell said. \"That is also emblematic of DOGGR's lack of enforcement and not taking sufficient action when it does act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the violations highlighted by the environmental group were at two neglected operations off the coast of Ventura and Santa Barbara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is seeking $100 million this year to plug wells and decommission Rincon Island, where it found a \"severe state of disrepair,\" and at Platform Holly, which has been idle since Denver-based Venoco filed for bankruptcy last year.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Most of the violations were for missing tests required at least every five years. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1523481464,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":634},"headData":{"title":"California Oil Firms Had Nearly 400 Violations | KQED","description":"Most of the violations were for missing tests required at least every five years. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11661358 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11661358","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/11/california-oil-firms-had-nearly-400-violations/","disqusTitle":"California Oil Firms Had Nearly 400 Violations","source":"Associated Press","nprByline":"Brian Melley\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11661358/california-oil-firms-had-nearly-400-violations","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oil and gas companies drilling in state waters off Southern California violated regulations nearly 400 times in the past three years, according to a report being released Wednesday by an environmental group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Records compiled by the Center for Biological Diversity and obtained by The Associated Press show state violations ranging from severe corrosion to failed and missing tests required to gauge the strength of wells. No civil penalties were issued for any of the violations, according to a spokesman for the state agency responsible for overseeing oil operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said the problems could pose a serious threat to the environment if aging infrastructure fails and spills oil on beaches near major cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Knowing these facilities have been out there decades upon decades upon decades is a sign you're going to see a lot of corrosion and disrepair,\" said Kristen Monsell, an attorney for the center. \"We need to start getting all of this dirty, decaying infrastructure out of our ocean for good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings come three years after a corroded 2-foot-wide pipe owned by Plains All American Pipeline ruptured on land and spilled 120,000 gallons of crude that flowed toward the Santa Barbara coast. More than a fifth of the oil ended up in the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group produced its findings based on a California Public Records Act request filed with the Department of Conservation for all violation notices issued to offshore oil operations by the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources since 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency regulates oil and gas drilling and production throughout the state and in waters up to 3 miles from shore. The violations don't include platforms in federal waters, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918751/after-florida-gets-offshore-drilling-exemption-other-states-ask-for-the-same\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">President Trump intends to expand oil and gas drilling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 381 violations, about 290 were racked up by the state's biggest oil and gas producer, California Resources Corp., and two subsidiaries, THUMS Long Beach Co. and Tidelands in Long Beach and the Huntington Beach areas. A spokeswoman for the California Resources Corp. said the company and its affiliates believe they were in \"substantial compliance\" with well integrity testing practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the violations were for missing integrity tests required at least every five years. The environmental group found long lapses — some exceeding 20 years — between tests. Most of the missing and failed tests by THUMS on islands owned by the city of Long Beach were for injection wells used to stimulate oil and gas production or dump wastewater from the drilling process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"THUMS and Tidelands and their affiliates operate thousands of wells and work proactively with stakeholders to ensure safe and environmentally responsible operations,\" spokeswoman Margita Thompson said. \"Our active injection wells are in compliance with the five-year DOGGR injection well integrity test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don Drysdale, a spokesman for the state regulatory agency, said Tuesday that the division was still trying to verify that mechanical integrity tests were completed and passed by THUMS and Tidelands. He said no civil penalties were issued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the agency have long said regulators were too cozy with oil interests and had gone easy on enforcement. The current administration has acknowledged failings and vowed to be more proactive about oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Years and years had gone by without any record of those tests being performed by the company,\" Monsell said. \"That is also emblematic of DOGGR's lack of enforcement and not taking sufficient action when it does act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the violations highlighted by the environmental group were at two neglected operations off the coast of Ventura and Santa Barbara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is seeking $100 million this year to plug wells and decommission Rincon Island, where it found a \"severe state of disrepair,\" and at Platform Holly, which has been idle since Denver-based Venoco filed for bankruptcy last year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11661358/california-oil-firms-had-nearly-400-violations","authors":["byline_news_11661358"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_22317","news_17781","news_18150"],"featImg":"news_11661403","label":"source_news_11661358"},"news_11640391":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11640391","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11640391","score":null,"sort":[1515191504000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"trump-administration-proposes-largest-number-of-lease-sales-ever","title":"Trump Administration Proposes 'Largest Number of Lease Sales Ever'","publishDate":1515191504,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke announced \"the largest number of lease sales ever proposed\" for offshore oil and gas, \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioredrilling\">but drilling off California may prove difficult\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/05/03/2017-09087/implementing-an-america-first-offshore-energy-strategy\">America-First Offshore Energy Strategy\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/01/04/trump-administration-opens-door-to-dramatic-expansion-of-offshore-energy-leases/\">Trump administration's proposal\u003c/a> covers about 90 percent of the outer continental shelf in Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic ocean waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke's announcement began a \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/National-Program/\">60-day comment period\u003c/a> that includes public meetings sure to generate a large amount of public participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke announced \"the largest number of lease sales ever proposed\" for offshore oil and gas, but drilling off California may prove difficult.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1515191504,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":80},"headData":{"title":"Trump Administration Proposes 'Largest Number of Lease Sales Ever' | KQED","description":"Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke announced "the largest number of lease sales ever proposed" for offshore oil and gas, but drilling off California may prove difficult.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11640391 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11640391","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/05/trump-administration-proposes-largest-number-of-lease-sales-ever/","disqusTitle":"Trump Administration Proposes 'Largest Number of Lease Sales Ever'","path":"/news/11640391/trump-administration-proposes-largest-number-of-lease-sales-ever","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke announced \"the largest number of lease sales ever proposed\" for offshore oil and gas, \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioredrilling\">but drilling off California may prove difficult\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/05/03/2017-09087/implementing-an-america-first-offshore-energy-strategy\">America-First Offshore Energy Strategy\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/01/04/trump-administration-opens-door-to-dramatic-expansion-of-offshore-energy-leases/\">Trump administration's proposal\u003c/a> covers about 90 percent of the outer continental shelf in Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic ocean waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke's announcement began a \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/National-Program/\">60-day comment period\u003c/a> that includes public meetings sure to generate a large amount of public participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11640391/trump-administration-proposes-largest-number-of-lease-sales-ever","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_20150","news_20949","news_22317","news_4198","news_17781","news_18125","news_18150"],"featImg":"news_11640406","label":"news_18515"},"news_11416742":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11416742","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11416742","score":null,"sort":[1492628070000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"oil-platform-off-santa-barbara-coast-to-be-decommissioned","title":"Oil Platform Off Santa Barbara Coast to Be Decommissioned","publishDate":1492628070,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- A Southern California offshore oil platform will be decommissioned and its operator is seeking bankruptcy protection, nearly two years after the platform was idled when an onshore pipeline \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/17/criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">ruptured and spilled a massive amount of oil\u003c/a> into the ocean, the state and company said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Lands Commission said it received documents from Venoco LLC relinquishing rights to the South Ellwood oil field leases in the Santa Barbara Channel northwest of Los Angeles, including Platform Holly and a pier in the city of Goleta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"mlymtoaamk8OSbwLnuJyQ5Ic3NigKJCO\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platform Holly has not produced since May 19, 2015, when an onshore underground line owned by Plains All American Pipeline spilled more than 120,000 gallons of crude into the ocean. The line, which transported oil produced by Holly, remains shut down and there is no estimate for when it might reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denver-based Venoco, which acquired the leases in 1997 from ExxonMobil, simultaneously announced it has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and expects its assets to be sold. Most are in Southern California, except for an onshore field in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's filing is the result of unfortunate circumstances impacting the company's financial strength, including the ongoing closure of Plains All American Pipeline's Line 901,\" Mike Wracher, Venoco's chief operating officer, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: \"We have pursued a number of market-based and regulatory solutions to address these challenges during the last year. Despite these considerable efforts, our financial position now compels us to take this action.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/04/2017-04-19d-tcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/OilPlatformBoom-800x498.jpg\" Title=\"Oil Platform Off Santa Barbara Coast to Be Decommissioned\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venoco had been seeking to restructure as recently as last summer to eliminate $1 billion of debt, but said at the time that low price oil prices and the Line 901 shutdown were serious problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Lands Commission said the relinquishment of claims to the leases effectively ends commercial oil and gas production in state waters at that location in the Santa Barbara Channel and leaves about 85 million barrels of oil in the ground. New offshore oil and gas leases are prohibited by California's Coastal Sanctuary Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decommissioning of Platform Holly is a \"landmark in the evolution of California's energy portfolio,\" Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, the commission's chairman, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As President Trump voices his determination to expand oil drilling and twentieth-century energy policies, California is pioneering the sustainable alternative that protects our coastlines and environment while gaining a strong foothold in the future energy and global economy,\" it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Zhch896quyA5e8o2S2zedHMQndQZ4Gxz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platform Holly stands a few miles off the coast of south Santa Barbara County, part of a series of oil platforms in waters between the mainland and the Channel Islands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decommissioning decision was celebrated by people who have been working to get rid of offshore drilling since the 1969 blowout of a Union Oil Co. platform in the Santa Barbara Channel fouled 30 miles of beaches, killed thousands of birds and other sea life, and gave rise to the American environmental movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This marks the end of an era of offshore oil production in this location, and we will never again go back,\" said state Sen. Hannah-Beth Jackson, D-Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission said it will develop a plan for the costly process of plugging 32 wells in the South Ellwood Field, removing Platform Holly and decommissioning the Goleta Beach Pier, a process expected to take three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venoco will remain responsible for securing and maintaining the facilities at its own cost until May 1, when the company will be temporarily reimbursed by the commission until a third party is hired. The commission said it will involve itself in the bankruptcy process and submit claims for costs against Venoco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission noted that Venoco generated about $160 million in state revenue from royalties and rent without any significant spills on state property during the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Platform Holly’s operator seeks bankruptcy protection nearly two years after the platform was idled following a massive onshore oil spill in 2015.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492638299,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":695},"headData":{"title":"Oil Platform Off Santa Barbara Coast to Be Decommissioned | KQED","description":"Platform Holly’s operator seeks bankruptcy protection nearly two years after the platform was idled following a massive onshore oil spill in 2015.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11416742 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11416742","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/19/oil-platform-off-santa-barbara-coast-to-be-decommissioned/","disqusTitle":"Oil Platform Off Santa Barbara Coast to Be Decommissioned","nprByline":"John Antczak \u003cbr> Associated Press","path":"/news/11416742/oil-platform-off-santa-barbara-coast-to-be-decommissioned","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- A Southern California offshore oil platform will be decommissioned and its operator is seeking bankruptcy protection, nearly two years after the platform was idled when an onshore pipeline \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/17/criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">ruptured and spilled a massive amount of oil\u003c/a> into the ocean, the state and company said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Lands Commission said it received documents from Venoco LLC relinquishing rights to the South Ellwood oil field leases in the Santa Barbara Channel northwest of Los Angeles, including Platform Holly and a pier in the city of Goleta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platform Holly has not produced since May 19, 2015, when an onshore underground line owned by Plains All American Pipeline spilled more than 120,000 gallons of crude into the ocean. The line, which transported oil produced by Holly, remains shut down and there is no estimate for when it might reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denver-based Venoco, which acquired the leases in 1997 from ExxonMobil, simultaneously announced it has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and expects its assets to be sold. Most are in Southern California, except for an onshore field in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's filing is the result of unfortunate circumstances impacting the company's financial strength, including the ongoing closure of Plains All American Pipeline's Line 901,\" Mike Wracher, Venoco's chief operating officer, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: \"We have pursued a number of market-based and regulatory solutions to address these challenges during the last year. Despite these considerable efforts, our financial position now compels us to take this action.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/04/2017-04-19d-tcr.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/OilPlatformBoom-800x498.jpg","title":"Oil Platform Off Santa Barbara Coast to Be Decommissioned","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venoco had been seeking to restructure as recently as last summer to eliminate $1 billion of debt, but said at the time that low price oil prices and the Line 901 shutdown were serious problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Lands Commission said the relinquishment of claims to the leases effectively ends commercial oil and gas production in state waters at that location in the Santa Barbara Channel and leaves about 85 million barrels of oil in the ground. New offshore oil and gas leases are prohibited by California's Coastal Sanctuary Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decommissioning of Platform Holly is a \"landmark in the evolution of California's energy portfolio,\" Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, the commission's chairman, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As President Trump voices his determination to expand oil drilling and twentieth-century energy policies, California is pioneering the sustainable alternative that protects our coastlines and environment while gaining a strong foothold in the future energy and global economy,\" it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platform Holly stands a few miles off the coast of south Santa Barbara County, part of a series of oil platforms in waters between the mainland and the Channel Islands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decommissioning decision was celebrated by people who have been working to get rid of offshore drilling since the 1969 blowout of a Union Oil Co. platform in the Santa Barbara Channel fouled 30 miles of beaches, killed thousands of birds and other sea life, and gave rise to the American environmental movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This marks the end of an era of offshore oil production in this location, and we will never again go back,\" said state Sen. Hannah-Beth Jackson, D-Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission said it will develop a plan for the costly process of plugging 32 wells in the South Ellwood Field, removing Platform Holly and decommissioning the Goleta Beach Pier, a process expected to take three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venoco will remain responsible for securing and maintaining the facilities at its own cost until May 1, when the company will be temporarily reimbursed by the commission until a third party is hired. The commission said it will involve itself in the bankruptcy process and submit claims for costs against Venoco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission noted that Venoco generated about $160 million in state revenue from royalties and rent without any significant spills on state property during the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11416742/oil-platform-off-santa-barbara-coast-to-be-decommissioned","authors":["byline_news_11416742"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_3111","news_18044","news_18150","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11416744","label":"news_72"},"news_10958450":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10958450","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10958450","score":null,"sort":[1463502653000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill","title":"Criminal Charges in 2015 Santa Barbara County Oil Spill","publishDate":1463502653,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — A Texas pipeline company that spilled more than 140,000 gallons of crude oil on the California coast last year was indicted on dozens of criminal charges in the disaster that closed popular beaches and killed sea lions and birds, prosecutors said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American Pipeline and one of its employees face 46 counts of state law violations in the May 19, 2015, spill that initially went undetected when a severely corroded 2-foot-wide pipe ruptured and oil began pouring onto a pristine beach on the Santa Barbara coastline and flowing out to sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains was charged in Santa Barbara Superior Court with four felony counts of spilling oil in state waters and could face fines of up to $2.8 million if convicted of all the charges, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264760658\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The carelessness of Plains All American harmed hundreds of species and marine life off Refugio Beach,\" California Attorney General Kamala Harris said in a statement. \"This conduct is criminal, and today's charges serve as a powerful reminder of the consequences that flow from jeopardizing the well-being of our ecosystems and public health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill two weeks before Memorial Day weekend last year forced the state to close popular beaches as an oil plume spread nine miles into the Pacific Ocean. Tar balls from the oil washed up more than 100 miles away on Los Angeles County beaches and more than 220 birds, such as pelicans, and nearly 140 marine mammals, mostly sea lions, were found dead in the aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Houston-based company faces three dozen misdemeanor counts of harming wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vRIRevVSJAMUA4xKMOrBkpPLUnlgCth9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said in a statement that the spill was an accident and believes no criminal behavior occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will demonstrate that the charges have no merit and represent an inappropriate attempt to criminalize an unfortunate accident,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill was a grim reminder of a much larger disaster in 1969 when an offshore oil rig blowout blackened Santa Barbara beaches, killed wildlife and created a backlash that helped give birth to the environmental movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Plains rupture was the largest coastal oil spill in the U.S. since the BP's Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf of Mexico six years ago killed 11 rig workers and spewed millions of gallons of crude. BP settled federal criminal charges by pleading guilty to 12 felony counts and two misdemeanors and reached a $20 billion settlement with the Justice Department for environmental damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains could still face federal criminal charges for last year's spill. The Department of Transportation's pipeline enforcement agency is expected to release results this spring of its year-long investigation into the disaster's cause and could issue fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial investigation results have pointed to a badly corroded pipeline that had undergone strength tests just weeks before the spill, but the results had not been analyzed before it broke. Preliminary reports also show it took hours for Plains to recognize what happened before notifying officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Plains employee and the company were charged in the indictment with misdemeanor counts of failing to report the spill quickly enough to state emergency officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Buchanan, 41, the company's environmental and regulatory compliance specialist, faces up to three years if convicted of three counts, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company and Buchanan are scheduled for arraignment June 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said it had cooperated fully in the investigation, but Harris said at a news conference the company had been \"far less than cooperative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The charges were welcomed by environmental groups, who said it would hold the company accountable and send a strong message to other companies in the petroleum industry to eliminate the risk of spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many local residents didn't think Plains took the spill seriously even as a representative apologized at regular press conferences and the company sent postcards across the county to apologize \"for the inconvenience,\" said Linda Krop, chief counsel for the Environmental Defense Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That really insulted everybody,\" Krop said. \"It showed that they did not understand the magnitude of this and that they weren't taking responsibility the way they should.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline remains shutdown while the company makes repairs and federal regulators other actions necessary. In the meantime, seven offshore platforms, including three owned by Exxon Mobil, are idle because the pipeline delivered crude they produced to refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill is expected to cost the company $269 million, not counting lost revenue, according to the company's annual report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple class-action lawsuits from landowners, fishermen and business owners who say the spill crippled a thriving tourism industry are still pending. Some investors have filed suit alleging they were misled about the integrity of company pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated and corrected to reflect that the arraignment is scheduled June 2, not June 6.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Garske contributed to this story from Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Texas pipeline company says it faces 46 counts related to failure of badly corroded pipeline and resulting spill. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492626415,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":847},"headData":{"title":"Criminal Charges in 2015 Santa Barbara County Oil Spill | KQED","description":"Texas pipeline company says it faces 46 counts related to failure of badly corroded pipeline and resulting spill. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10958450 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10958450","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/17/criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill/","disqusTitle":"Criminal Charges in 2015 Santa Barbara County Oil Spill","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/bmelley\" target=\"_blank\">Brian Melley\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Associated Press\u003c/strong>","nprStoryId":"478388551","path":"/news/10958450/criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — A Texas pipeline company that spilled more than 140,000 gallons of crude oil on the California coast last year was indicted on dozens of criminal charges in the disaster that closed popular beaches and killed sea lions and birds, prosecutors said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American Pipeline and one of its employees face 46 counts of state law violations in the May 19, 2015, spill that initially went undetected when a severely corroded 2-foot-wide pipe ruptured and oil began pouring onto a pristine beach on the Santa Barbara coastline and flowing out to sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains was charged in Santa Barbara Superior Court with four felony counts of spilling oil in state waters and could face fines of up to $2.8 million if convicted of all the charges, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264760658&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264760658'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The carelessness of Plains All American harmed hundreds of species and marine life off Refugio Beach,\" California Attorney General Kamala Harris said in a statement. \"This conduct is criminal, and today's charges serve as a powerful reminder of the consequences that flow from jeopardizing the well-being of our ecosystems and public health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill two weeks before Memorial Day weekend last year forced the state to close popular beaches as an oil plume spread nine miles into the Pacific Ocean. Tar balls from the oil washed up more than 100 miles away on Los Angeles County beaches and more than 220 birds, such as pelicans, and nearly 140 marine mammals, mostly sea lions, were found dead in the aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Houston-based company faces three dozen misdemeanor counts of harming wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said in a statement that the spill was an accident and believes no criminal behavior occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will demonstrate that the charges have no merit and represent an inappropriate attempt to criminalize an unfortunate accident,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill was a grim reminder of a much larger disaster in 1969 when an offshore oil rig blowout blackened Santa Barbara beaches, killed wildlife and created a backlash that helped give birth to the environmental movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Plains rupture was the largest coastal oil spill in the U.S. since the BP's Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf of Mexico six years ago killed 11 rig workers and spewed millions of gallons of crude. BP settled federal criminal charges by pleading guilty to 12 felony counts and two misdemeanors and reached a $20 billion settlement with the Justice Department for environmental damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains could still face federal criminal charges for last year's spill. The Department of Transportation's pipeline enforcement agency is expected to release results this spring of its year-long investigation into the disaster's cause and could issue fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial investigation results have pointed to a badly corroded pipeline that had undergone strength tests just weeks before the spill, but the results had not been analyzed before it broke. Preliminary reports also show it took hours for Plains to recognize what happened before notifying officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Plains employee and the company were charged in the indictment with misdemeanor counts of failing to report the spill quickly enough to state emergency officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Buchanan, 41, the company's environmental and regulatory compliance specialist, faces up to three years if convicted of three counts, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company and Buchanan are scheduled for arraignment June 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said it had cooperated fully in the investigation, but Harris said at a news conference the company had been \"far less than cooperative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The charges were welcomed by environmental groups, who said it would hold the company accountable and send a strong message to other companies in the petroleum industry to eliminate the risk of spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many local residents didn't think Plains took the spill seriously even as a representative apologized at regular press conferences and the company sent postcards across the county to apologize \"for the inconvenience,\" said Linda Krop, chief counsel for the Environmental Defense Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That really insulted everybody,\" Krop said. \"It showed that they did not understand the magnitude of this and that they weren't taking responsibility the way they should.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline remains shutdown while the company makes repairs and federal regulators other actions necessary. In the meantime, seven offshore platforms, including three owned by Exxon Mobil, are idle because the pipeline delivered crude they produced to refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill is expected to cost the company $269 million, not counting lost revenue, according to the company's annual report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple class-action lawsuits from landowners, fishermen and business owners who say the spill crippled a thriving tourism industry are still pending. Some investors have filed suit alleging they were misled about the integrity of company pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated and corrected to reflect that the arraignment is scheduled June 2, not June 6.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Garske contributed to this story from Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10958450/criminal-charges-in-2015-santa-barbara-county-oil-spill","authors":["byline_news_10958450"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_18125","news_18044","news_18150","news_17286","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_10536991","label":"news_72"},"news_10551772":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10551772","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10551772","score":null,"sort":[1433515047000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"santa-barbara-oil-spill-update-test-missed-major-pipeline-corrosion","title":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill Update: Test Missed Major Pipeline Corrosion","publishDate":1433515047,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Two weeks before an oil pipeline rupture spilled over 100,000 gallons of crude oil on the Santa Barbara coast, a test was run that would reveal serious wear in that stretch of corroded pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preliminary results showed the pipe had lost nearly half the metal near the section that eventually broke. But federal regulators said this week that corrosion had worn the line down more than 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new finding does not pinpoint the cause of the May 19 rupture, but it exposes possible shortcomings with the technology used to gauge pipe reliability and with those who analyze the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208963755\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether a more accurate test could have prevented the spill seems unlikely because Plains All American Pipeline, which operates the pipe, said it had not received the results at the time of the spill. It typically takes several weeks to analyze data from high-tech instruments that can gauge the thickness of pipe walls, detect cracks and measure internal and external corrosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The instrument known as a smart pig, however, has limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The smart pig term is an oxymoron,\" said Robert Bea, civil engineering professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, who has worked three decades with the pipeline industry. \"As you may guess, the primary weaknesses show up in the human interpretation. They're only as smart as the people who are interpreting the signals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the analysis of the smart pig data and decision-making based on those results, such as whether a company should repair or replace compromised sections of pipe, human error accounts for 80 percent of breakdowns, Bea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one study Bea conducted, a man interpreting test results missed a defect and the pipe later failed under pressure. The day before he analyzed the results, the man's wife had told him she was leaving him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His mind was elsewhere,\" Bea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration offered no explanation for the vast differences between the preliminary finding from May 5 that the pipe wall lost 45 percent of its metal and what inspectors learned when they looked at the pipe and found it was worn down to 1/16 of an inch in the area of the 6-inch-long break on the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That discrepancy surprised Bea and other experts, and Plains officials noted it in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it was committed to working with federal investigators \"to understand the differences between these preliminary findings, to determine why the corrosion developed and to determine the cause of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal, state and local prosecutors are investigating the spill. California Attorney General Kamala Harris said Thursday during a tour of the site that she was troubled by the latest report and criminal charges were possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains has no timetable for restarting the line and has not provided an estimate for cleanup costs to date. It has apologized for the spill that has soiled 60 miles of scenic coastline and said it would bear all costs. A commercial fisherman has filed a federal lawsuit seeking class-action certification for affected businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-0605-me-oil-trucks-20150605-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">reported Friday\u003c/a> that Exxon, which uses the pipeline to move crude oil along the coast from offshore platforms, is seeking permission to use tanker trucks to transport petroleum to refineries.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 11-mile pipeline runs through a coastal area with conditions known to cause accelerated corrosion. The villains are salt and moisture from the nearby Pacific Ocean, which can mix with soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rate of corrosion is also influenced by temperature — the hotter the conditions, generally the greater likelihood of corrosion. The insulated pipeline operated at up to 120 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Temperatures in that range can also cause challenges for a key strategy to ward off corrosion, known as cathodic protection, a low-level electric current that is run through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A stronger level would be needed to offset the increased risk of corrosion at the higher temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Garrity, executive vice president for the Mears Group, corrosion engineering experts who work with the oil industry, said the level of metal loss at the site of the pipeline break was roughly 10 times greater than what would be expected with cathodic protection in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulators said Wednesday that the current levels for the system \"appeared to be adequate.\" However, the agency also said corrosion \"would not be expected\" with the system running at that level, posing another riddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report noted that the area that failed was close to three repairs made because of corrosion found in 2012 inspections. It also said the smart pig tests revealed that three other sections of pipe had extensive corrosion, with metal loss ranging from 54 percent to 74 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those devices are not 100 percent,\" said Don Deaver, a former Exxon pipeline engineer who now works as a consultant and expert witness, primarily for plaintiffs. \"When you have an area where you have a lot of corrosion, the error in those smart pigs goes up dramatically.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Inspection seriously underestimated how thin metal had become in line section that failed last month.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492626550,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":875},"headData":{"title":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill Update: Test Missed Major Pipeline Corrosion | KQED","description":"Inspection seriously underestimated how thin metal had become in line section that failed last month.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10551772 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10551772","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/05/santa-barbara-oil-spill-update-test-missed-major-pipeline-corrosion/","disqusTitle":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill Update: Test Missed Major Pipeline Corrosion","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/bmelley\" target=\"_blank\">Brian Melley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MichaelRBloodAP\" target=\"_blank\">Michael R. Blood\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10551772/santa-barbara-oil-spill-update-test-missed-major-pipeline-corrosion","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Two weeks before an oil pipeline rupture spilled over 100,000 gallons of crude oil on the Santa Barbara coast, a test was run that would reveal serious wear in that stretch of corroded pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preliminary results showed the pipe had lost nearly half the metal near the section that eventually broke. But federal regulators said this week that corrosion had worn the line down more than 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new finding does not pinpoint the cause of the May 19 rupture, but it exposes possible shortcomings with the technology used to gauge pipe reliability and with those who analyze the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208963755&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208963755'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether a more accurate test could have prevented the spill seems unlikely because Plains All American Pipeline, which operates the pipe, said it had not received the results at the time of the spill. It typically takes several weeks to analyze data from high-tech instruments that can gauge the thickness of pipe walls, detect cracks and measure internal and external corrosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The instrument known as a smart pig, however, has limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The smart pig term is an oxymoron,\" said Robert Bea, civil engineering professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, who has worked three decades with the pipeline industry. \"As you may guess, the primary weaknesses show up in the human interpretation. They're only as smart as the people who are interpreting the signals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the analysis of the smart pig data and decision-making based on those results, such as whether a company should repair or replace compromised sections of pipe, human error accounts for 80 percent of breakdowns, Bea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one study Bea conducted, a man interpreting test results missed a defect and the pipe later failed under pressure. The day before he analyzed the results, the man's wife had told him she was leaving him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His mind was elsewhere,\" Bea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration offered no explanation for the vast differences between the preliminary finding from May 5 that the pipe wall lost 45 percent of its metal and what inspectors learned when they looked at the pipe and found it was worn down to 1/16 of an inch in the area of the 6-inch-long break on the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That discrepancy surprised Bea and other experts, and Plains officials noted it in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it was committed to working with federal investigators \"to understand the differences between these preliminary findings, to determine why the corrosion developed and to determine the cause of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal, state and local prosecutors are investigating the spill. California Attorney General Kamala Harris said Thursday during a tour of the site that she was troubled by the latest report and criminal charges were possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains has no timetable for restarting the line and has not provided an estimate for cleanup costs to date. It has apologized for the spill that has soiled 60 miles of scenic coastline and said it would bear all costs. A commercial fisherman has filed a federal lawsuit seeking class-action certification for affected businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-0605-me-oil-trucks-20150605-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">reported Friday\u003c/a> that Exxon, which uses the pipeline to move crude oil along the coast from offshore platforms, is seeking permission to use tanker trucks to transport petroleum to refineries.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 11-mile pipeline runs through a coastal area with conditions known to cause accelerated corrosion. The villains are salt and moisture from the nearby Pacific Ocean, which can mix with soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rate of corrosion is also influenced by temperature — the hotter the conditions, generally the greater likelihood of corrosion. The insulated pipeline operated at up to 120 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Temperatures in that range can also cause challenges for a key strategy to ward off corrosion, known as cathodic protection, a low-level electric current that is run through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A stronger level would be needed to offset the increased risk of corrosion at the higher temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Garrity, executive vice president for the Mears Group, corrosion engineering experts who work with the oil industry, said the level of metal loss at the site of the pipeline break was roughly 10 times greater than what would be expected with cathodic protection in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulators said Wednesday that the current levels for the system \"appeared to be adequate.\" However, the agency also said corrosion \"would not be expected\" with the system running at that level, posing another riddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report noted that the area that failed was close to three repairs made because of corrosion found in 2012 inspections. It also said the smart pig tests revealed that three other sections of pipe had extensive corrosion, with metal loss ranging from 54 percent to 74 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those devices are not 100 percent,\" said Don Deaver, a former Exxon pipeline engineer who now works as a consultant and expert witness, primarily for plaintiffs. \"When you have an area where you have a lot of corrosion, the error in those smart pigs goes up dramatically.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10551772/santa-barbara-oil-spill-update-test-missed-major-pipeline-corrosion","authors":["byline_news_10551772"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_17663","news_18044","news_18150","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_10551819","label":"news_72"},"news_10543570":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10543570","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10543570","score":null,"sort":[1432990838000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines","title":"Patchwork of Oversight Keeps Tabs on California’s Vast Oil Pipeline Network","publishDate":1432990838,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The pipeline that ruptured on May 19, spilling thousands of gallons of oil into the Pacific Ocean, runs right through Santa Barbara County on its way to refineries in the Central Valley. Yet the county has no regulatory authority over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our county actually had very strict regulations, but then they lost their jurisdiction over this pipeline,” explained \u003ca href=\"http://www.edcnet.org/\">Environmental Defense Center\u003c/a> chief counsel Linda Krop during a seaside news conference shortly after the spill. “They were robbed of the ability to monitor this pipeline the last 20 years. The federal regulations are much weaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/207838913\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that used to operate the pipeline sued Santa Barbara County in the late 1980s. The oil firm claimed the county didn’t have the authority to impose regulations because the pipeline -- now operated by Plains All American Pipeline -- crosses county and federal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Santa Barbara County requires major oil pipelines to be outfitted with automatic shutoff valves. Federal regulators do not require them, so the Plains pipeline didn’t have one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the feds do require pipeline operators to undergo regular inspections. Those can include everything from looking for surface erosion on pipes to drug testing of workers. A company may also have its own internal inspection schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Plains All American pipeline is on a five-year federal inspection cycle. That’s about standard, says John Stoody, from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4NDKB_enUS581US581&q=Association+of+Oil+Pipelines+\">Association of Oil Pipelines\u003c/a>, an industry trade group based in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10543896\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10543896\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-800x525.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the International Bird Rescue clean an oiled brown pelican in the aftermath of last week’s oil spill along the Santa Barbara County coast. \" width=\"800\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-400x263.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-1440x945.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-1180x774.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-960x630.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of International Bird Rescue clean an oiled brown pelican in the aftermath of May 19 oil spill along the Santa Barbara County coast. \u003ccite>(courtesy of International Bird Rescue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A minimum of every five years the operator must evaluate that pipeline, consider the different threats, conduct inspections,” says Stoody. “And then based on the risks, go out and perform maintenance on those pipelines before they become a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspection process is kind of like getting a smog check for your car. A pipeline operator hires a private inspection firm that specializes in that kind of thing. Technicians then runs the pipeline through a battery of tests and submits the results to the pipeline boss, who then hands over the data to government regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On top of that, you will have regulators, whether it’s the federal government or a state agency that comes out and inspects an operator, inspects the pipeline, their paperwork for the integrity, the safe operation,\" Stoody says\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California has a pipeline inspection team, too. It's a branch of the state fire agency Cal Fire. But the team is small, just a handful of inspectors and engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, we’ve been working with minimum staff for a number of years,” says \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline_mapping.php\">California’s director of pipeline safety, \u003c/a>Bob Gorham. “We have three full-time engineers and a couple part-time inspectors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They share oversight duties with federal inspectors on some 5,000 miles of pipelines across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorham says that because his staff is so small, inspections are prioritized based on each pipeline operator’s overall track record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we work very closely with the federal government on the pipeline to try and determine what type of inspections and who to inspect,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a couple years ago, Gorham’s crew also had primary oversight of the Plains pipeline that ruptured and sullied the Santa Barbara County coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because of that staffing shortage, inspection duties on that and hundreds of miles of other pipelines were turned over to federal regulators a couple of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that is a problem nationwide,” says Samya Lutz, of the oil industry watchdog group the \u003ca href=\"http://pstrust.org/\">Pipeline Safety Trust\u003c/a>. “Often the federal government or states will train pipeline inspectors. And once they’re trained up, they might just stay for a year or two before they’re picked off by the industry. Because the industry can typically afford to pay a lot more for those types of jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But starting salaries for state pipeline inspectors and engineers are set to increase this summer, says Gorham. His department, with field offices in Bakersfield and in the Long Beach area, aims to add about half a dozen additional engineers and inspectors in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And California could reclaim pipeline oversight duties that it was forced to hand over over to federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Santa Barbara County oil spill puts spotlight on how inspection duties shift among regulatory agencies.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1432954993,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":792},"headData":{"title":"Patchwork of Oversight Keeps Tabs on California’s Vast Oil Pipeline Network | KQED","description":"Santa Barbara County oil spill puts spotlight on how inspection duties shift among regulatory agencies.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10543570 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10543570","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/","disqusTitle":"Patchwork of Oversight Keeps Tabs on California’s Vast Oil Pipeline Network","path":"/news/10543570/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The pipeline that ruptured on May 19, spilling thousands of gallons of oil into the Pacific Ocean, runs right through Santa Barbara County on its way to refineries in the Central Valley. Yet the county has no regulatory authority over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our county actually had very strict regulations, but then they lost their jurisdiction over this pipeline,” explained \u003ca href=\"http://www.edcnet.org/\">Environmental Defense Center\u003c/a> chief counsel Linda Krop during a seaside news conference shortly after the spill. “They were robbed of the ability to monitor this pipeline the last 20 years. The federal regulations are much weaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/207838913&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/207838913'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that used to operate the pipeline sued Santa Barbara County in the late 1980s. The oil firm claimed the county didn’t have the authority to impose regulations because the pipeline -- now operated by Plains All American Pipeline -- crosses county and federal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Santa Barbara County requires major oil pipelines to be outfitted with automatic shutoff valves. Federal regulators do not require them, so the Plains pipeline didn’t have one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the feds do require pipeline operators to undergo regular inspections. Those can include everything from looking for surface erosion on pipes to drug testing of workers. A company may also have its own internal inspection schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Plains All American pipeline is on a five-year federal inspection cycle. That’s about standard, says John Stoody, from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4NDKB_enUS581US581&q=Association+of+Oil+Pipelines+\">Association of Oil Pipelines\u003c/a>, an industry trade group based in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10543896\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10543896\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-800x525.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the International Bird Rescue clean an oiled brown pelican in the aftermath of last week’s oil spill along the Santa Barbara County coast. \" width=\"800\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-400x263.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-1440x945.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-1180x774.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1-960x630.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/REFUGIO-CLEAN-UP-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of International Bird Rescue clean an oiled brown pelican in the aftermath of May 19 oil spill along the Santa Barbara County coast. \u003ccite>(courtesy of International Bird Rescue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A minimum of every five years the operator must evaluate that pipeline, consider the different threats, conduct inspections,” says Stoody. “And then based on the risks, go out and perform maintenance on those pipelines before they become a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspection process is kind of like getting a smog check for your car. A pipeline operator hires a private inspection firm that specializes in that kind of thing. Technicians then runs the pipeline through a battery of tests and submits the results to the pipeline boss, who then hands over the data to government regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On top of that, you will have regulators, whether it’s the federal government or a state agency that comes out and inspects an operator, inspects the pipeline, their paperwork for the integrity, the safe operation,\" Stoody says\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California has a pipeline inspection team, too. It's a branch of the state fire agency Cal Fire. But the team is small, just a handful of inspectors and engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, we’ve been working with minimum staff for a number of years,” says \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline_mapping.php\">California’s director of pipeline safety, \u003c/a>Bob Gorham. “We have three full-time engineers and a couple part-time inspectors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They share oversight duties with federal inspectors on some 5,000 miles of pipelines across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorham says that because his staff is so small, inspections are prioritized based on each pipeline operator’s overall track record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we work very closely with the federal government on the pipeline to try and determine what type of inspections and who to inspect,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a couple years ago, Gorham’s crew also had primary oversight of the Plains pipeline that ruptured and sullied the Santa Barbara County coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because of that staffing shortage, inspection duties on that and hundreds of miles of other pipelines were turned over to federal regulators a couple of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that is a problem nationwide,” says Samya Lutz, of the oil industry watchdog group the \u003ca href=\"http://pstrust.org/\">Pipeline Safety Trust\u003c/a>. “Often the federal government or states will train pipeline inspectors. And once they’re trained up, they might just stay for a year or two before they’re picked off by the industry. Because the industry can typically afford to pay a lot more for those types of jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But starting salaries for state pipeline inspectors and engineers are set to increase this summer, says Gorham. His department, with field offices in Bakersfield and in the Long Beach area, aims to add about half a dozen additional engineers and inspectors in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And California could reclaim pipeline oversight duties that it was forced to hand over over to federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10543570/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines","authors":["2600"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_17663","news_18044","news_18150","news_17286","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_10543893","label":"news_72"},"news_10540124":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10540124","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10540124","score":null,"sort":[1432676049000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"company-making-plans-to-excavate-ruptured-santa-barbara-pipeline","title":"Company Making Plans to Excavate Ruptured Santa Barbara Pipeline","publishDate":1432676049,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Officials from Plains All American Pipeline say they are formulating a site safety plan to excavate the broken section of a pipeline that spilled oil along the California coast.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">The company says details of the plan could be released Tuesday, but it's unclear when excavation might begin.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">The company is still measuring the spill as it cleans up along the Santa Barbara County coastline.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Meanwhile, various federal, state and local agencies briefed the Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors on Tuesday about their oil spill response.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Oil blackened area beaches and created a 10-square-mile slick in the ocean after the onshore pipeline ruptured May 19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Wildlife officials say 13 birds — mostly brown pelicans — and eight marine mammals, including dolphins and sea lions, were found dead.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Firm is still measuring scope of the oil spill as it cleans up along the coastline.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1510171579,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":138},"headData":{"title":"Company Making Plans to Excavate Ruptured Santa Barbara Pipeline | KQED","description":"Firm is still measuring scope of the oil spill as it cleans up along the coastline.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10540124 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10540124","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/26/company-making-plans-to-excavate-ruptured-santa-barbara-pipeline/","disqusTitle":"Company Making Plans to Excavate Ruptured Santa Barbara Pipeline","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10540124/company-making-plans-to-excavate-ruptured-santa-barbara-pipeline","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Officials from Plains All American Pipeline say they are formulating a site safety plan to excavate the broken section of a pipeline that spilled oil along the California coast.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">The company says details of the plan could be released Tuesday, but it's unclear when excavation might begin.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">The company is still measuring the spill as it cleans up along the Santa Barbara County coastline.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Meanwhile, various federal, state and local agencies briefed the Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors on Tuesday about their oil spill response.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Oil blackened area beaches and created a 10-square-mile slick in the ocean after the onshore pipeline ruptured May 19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Wildlife officials say 13 birds — mostly brown pelicans — and eight marine mammals, including dolphins and sea lions, were found dead.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10540124/company-making-plans-to-excavate-ruptured-santa-barbara-pipeline","authors":["byline_news_10540124"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_18150"],"featImg":"news_10536991","label":"news_6944"},"news_10536941":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10536941","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10536941","score":null,"sort":[1432445055000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"santa-barbara-oil-spill-no-automatic-valve-on-ruptured-pipeline","title":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill: No Automatic Valve on Ruptured Pipeline","publishDate":1432445055,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — The pipeline that leaked thousands of gallons of oil on the California coast was the only pipe of its kind in Santa Barbara County not required to have an automatic shut-off valve because of a court fight nearly three decades ago, a county official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original owner of the pipeline skirted the county requirement by successfully arguing in court in the late 1980s that it should be subject to federal oversight because the pipeline is part of an interstate network, said Kevin Drude, deputy director of the county's Energy and Minerals Division. Auto shut-off valves are not required by federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's the only major pipeline that doesn't have auto shut-off,\" Drude said. \"For us, it's routine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulators are investigating the cause of Tuesday's leak that spilled up to 105,000 gallons of crude oil from an underground pipe into a culvert and as much as 21,000 gallons into the ocean at Refugio State Beach. The spill killed untold numbers of fish, at least five pelicans and a sea lion. It also mired other wildlife, including an elephant seal, in the muck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American Pipeline was still draining the pipe and trying to locate the leak Saturday. Federal regulators ordered the company to remove the damaged section and send it to a lab for tests on the metal, along with a series of other steps before it could resume pumping oil through the pipe to inland refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said the pipeline had one valve to shut it down if oil flowed in the opposite direction and three valves controlled by operators in its Midland, Texas, control room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains defended its approach to manually shutting down the system, saying it's the standard across the country for liquid pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is much safer for operators who understand the operations of the pipeline to shut it down following a planned sequence of steps than for a computer to automatically close a valve on oil that is traveling in confined space at high pressure,\" Patrick Hodgins, the company's senior director of safety, said Saturday. \"This is all standard operating procedures within our industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it's not known if an auto shut-off valve would have detected the leak and reduced the size of the spill, environmentalists have criticized the lack of such a device, saying it could have averted or minimized the disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone is pretty mystified why the pipeline didn't automatically shut down when the leak occurred,\" said Linda Krop, chief counsel of the Environmental Defense Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County regulations sometimes exceed state and federal standards, requiring additional environmental analysis or imposing conditions to further protect health and the environment, Drude said. One additional requirement is a valve that can detect changes consistent with a leak and automatically shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county successfully fought another operator that didn't want to install automatic shutdown valves on a pipeline from an offshore drilling platform, Drude said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when there was a leak on that line in 1997, an operator overrode the automatic shutdown, and it continued spewing crude into the Pacific Ocean a couple miles from shore. The 10,000 gallon spill fouled 21 miles of shoreline and killed more than 150 birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Kuprewicz, president of Accufacts Inc., which investigates pipeline incidents, said such valves aren't always effective, though newer, more sophisticated \"smart\" models provide more accurate signals that can trigger shutdowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Plains employee discovered the leak early Tuesday afternoon, about three hours after mechanical issues with the pipeline, according to the company. The pipe was restarted for about 20 minutes before a pump failed and then it was shut down because of changes in pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it was looking into whether those earlier problems led to the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A surge in pressure from starting up a system could cause a leak or exacerbate one, but it's too soon to tell, Kuprewicz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the past, surge pressures have caused pipes to rupture. But there were other failures, too,\" he said, speaking in general and not about the Plains incident. \"If that were the case, that would become fairly evident ... pretty quickly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American subsidiaries have reported at least 223 accidents along their lines and spilled a combined 864,300 gallons of hazardous liquids since 2006, according to federal records. The company has been subject to 25 enforcement actions by federal regulators and tallied damages topping $32 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has defended its record, saying accidental releases have decreased as its pipelines have increased to 17,800 miles.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Line that leaked 105,000 gallons of crude oil was exempted from county requirement. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492626589,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":773},"headData":{"title":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill: No Automatic Valve on Ruptured Pipeline | KQED","description":"Line that leaked 105,000 gallons of crude oil was exempted from county requirement. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10536941 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10536941","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/23/santa-barbara-oil-spill-no-automatic-valve-on-ruptured-pipeline/","disqusTitle":"Santa Barbara Oil Spill: No Automatic Valve on Ruptured Pipeline","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/bmelley\" target=\"_blank\">Brian Melley\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10536941/santa-barbara-oil-spill-no-automatic-valve-on-ruptured-pipeline","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — The pipeline that leaked thousands of gallons of oil on the California coast was the only pipe of its kind in Santa Barbara County not required to have an automatic shut-off valve because of a court fight nearly three decades ago, a county official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original owner of the pipeline skirted the county requirement by successfully arguing in court in the late 1980s that it should be subject to federal oversight because the pipeline is part of an interstate network, said Kevin Drude, deputy director of the county's Energy and Minerals Division. Auto shut-off valves are not required by federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's the only major pipeline that doesn't have auto shut-off,\" Drude said. \"For us, it's routine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulators are investigating the cause of Tuesday's leak that spilled up to 105,000 gallons of crude oil from an underground pipe into a culvert and as much as 21,000 gallons into the ocean at Refugio State Beach. The spill killed untold numbers of fish, at least five pelicans and a sea lion. It also mired other wildlife, including an elephant seal, in the muck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American Pipeline was still draining the pipe and trying to locate the leak Saturday. Federal regulators ordered the company to remove the damaged section and send it to a lab for tests on the metal, along with a series of other steps before it could resume pumping oil through the pipe to inland refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains said the pipeline had one valve to shut it down if oil flowed in the opposite direction and three valves controlled by operators in its Midland, Texas, control room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains defended its approach to manually shutting down the system, saying it's the standard across the country for liquid pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is much safer for operators who understand the operations of the pipeline to shut it down following a planned sequence of steps than for a computer to automatically close a valve on oil that is traveling in confined space at high pressure,\" Patrick Hodgins, the company's senior director of safety, said Saturday. \"This is all standard operating procedures within our industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it's not known if an auto shut-off valve would have detected the leak and reduced the size of the spill, environmentalists have criticized the lack of such a device, saying it could have averted or minimized the disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone is pretty mystified why the pipeline didn't automatically shut down when the leak occurred,\" said Linda Krop, chief counsel of the Environmental Defense Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County regulations sometimes exceed state and federal standards, requiring additional environmental analysis or imposing conditions to further protect health and the environment, Drude said. One additional requirement is a valve that can detect changes consistent with a leak and automatically shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county successfully fought another operator that didn't want to install automatic shutdown valves on a pipeline from an offshore drilling platform, Drude said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when there was a leak on that line in 1997, an operator overrode the automatic shutdown, and it continued spewing crude into the Pacific Ocean a couple miles from shore. The 10,000 gallon spill fouled 21 miles of shoreline and killed more than 150 birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Kuprewicz, president of Accufacts Inc., which investigates pipeline incidents, said such valves aren't always effective, though newer, more sophisticated \"smart\" models provide more accurate signals that can trigger shutdowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Plains employee discovered the leak early Tuesday afternoon, about three hours after mechanical issues with the pipeline, according to the company. The pipe was restarted for about 20 minutes before a pump failed and then it was shut down because of changes in pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it was looking into whether those earlier problems led to the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A surge in pressure from starting up a system could cause a leak or exacerbate one, but it's too soon to tell, Kuprewicz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the past, surge pressures have caused pipes to rupture. But there were other failures, too,\" he said, speaking in general and not about the Plains incident. \"If that were the case, that would become fairly evident ... pretty quickly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plains All American subsidiaries have reported at least 223 accidents along their lines and spilled a combined 864,300 gallons of hazardous liquids since 2006, according to federal records. The company has been subject to 25 enforcement actions by federal regulators and tallied damages topping $32 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has defended its record, saying accidental releases have decreased as its pipelines have increased to 17,800 miles.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10536941/santa-barbara-oil-spill-no-automatic-valve-on-ruptured-pipeline","authors":["byline_news_10536941"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_18125","news_18044","news_18150"],"featImg":"news_10536942","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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