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His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"},"cveltman":{"type":"authors","id":"8608","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"8608","found":true},"name":"Chloe Veltman","firstName":"Chloe","lastName":"Veltman","slug":"cveltman","email":"cveltman@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Arts and Culture Reporter","bio":"Chloe Veltman is a former arts and culture reporter for KQED. Prior to joining the organization, she launched and led the arts bureau at Colorado Public Radio, served as the Bay Area's culture columnist for the New York Times, and was the founder, host and executive producer of VoiceBox, a national award-winning weekly podcast/radio show and live events series all about the human voice. Chloe is the recipient of numerous prizes, grants and fellowships including a Webby Award for her work on interactive storytelling, both the John S Knight Journalism Fellowship and Humanities Center Fellowship at Stanford University, the Sundance Arts Writing Fellowship and a Library of Congress Research Fellowship. She is the author of the book \"On Acting\" and has appeared as a guest lecturer at Yale University and the San Francisco Conservatory of Music among other institutions. She holds a BA in english literature from King's College, Cambridge, and a Masters in Dramaturgy from the Central School of Speech and Drama/Harvard Institute for Advanced Theater Training.\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.chloeveltman.com\">www.chloeveltman.com\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"chloeveltman","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Chloe Veltman | KQED","description":"Arts and Culture Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/55403394b00a1ddab683952c2eb2cf85?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cveltman"},"btaylor":{"type":"authors","id":"11365","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11365","found":true},"name":"Bianca Taylor","firstName":"Bianca","lastName":"Taylor","slug":"btaylor","email":"btaylor@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Host and Producer ","bio":"Bianca Taylor is KQED's local Host of Consider This and Producer of Segmented Audio and Podcasts.\r\n\r\nShe produced KQED's Voicebot Chronicles, which won a 2020 Webby for Best Writing (Apps, Mobile, and Voice), a Regional Murrow Award for Excellence in Innovation (2021), and was a finalist for ONA's Excellence in Audio Digital Storytelling (Limited Series). \r\n\r\nHer reporting and production has been featured by NPR, the BBC World Service, and the Washington Post Creative Group.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6b9d3f6552dd10470c5d1c2e58cfe717?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"SoundsLkeBianca","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["edit_others_posts","editor"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"radio","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"podcasts","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Bianca Taylor | KQED","description":"Host and Producer ","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6b9d3f6552dd10470c5d1c2e58cfe717?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6b9d3f6552dd10470c5d1c2e58cfe717?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/btaylor"},"lrobinson":{"type":"authors","id":"11620","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11620","found":true},"name":"Lowell Robinson","firstName":"Lowell","lastName":"Robinson","slug":"lrobinson","email":"lrobinson@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Lowell Robinson","bio":"Lowell is KQED's Senior Producer of Voice & AI. He is currently working on emerging platforms & transmedia storytelling projects.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/da9585298575eea9f145247c5957c92a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@lowellr","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"podcasts","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lowell Robinson | KQED","description":"Lowell Robinson","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/da9585298575eea9f145247c5957c92a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/da9585298575eea9f145247c5957c92a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lrobinson"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11933419":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11933419","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11933419","score":null,"sort":[1669756819000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-francisco-considers-allowing-law-enforcement-robots-to-use-lethal-force","title":"San Francisco Considers Allowing Law Enforcement Robots to Use Lethal Force","publishDate":1669756819,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Should robots working alongside law enforcement be used to deploy deadly force?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is weighing that question this week as they consider a policy proposal that would allow the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) to use robots as a deadly force against a suspect.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Paul Scharre, author\"]'For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new California law became effective this year that requires every municipality in the state to list and define the authorized uses of all military-grade equipment in their local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original draft of SFPD's policy was silent on the matter of robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Peskin, a member of the city's Board of Supervisors, added a line to SFPD's original draft policy that stated, \"Robots shall not be used as a Use of Force against any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD crossed out that sentence with \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11435108&GUID=2BDCB218-6FC9-4D6C-BB88-E8CB9C3AA0D9\">a red line\u003c/a> and returned the draft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their altered proposal outlines that \"robots will only be used as a deadly force option when risk of loss of life to members of the public or officers are imminent and outweigh any other force option available to the SFPD.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD currently has 12 functioning robots. They are remote controlled and typically used to gain situational awareness and survey specific areas officers may not be able to reach. They are also used to investigate and defuse potential bombs, or aide in hostage negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin says much of the military-grade equipment sold to cities for police departments to use was issued by the federal government, but there's not a lot of regulation surrounding how robots are to be used. \"It would be lovely if the federal government had instructions or guidance. Meanwhile, we are doing our best to get up to speed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of robots being legally allowed to kill has garnered some controversy. In October, a number of robotics companies – \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostondynamics.com/open-letter-opposing-weaponization-general-purpose-robots\">including Hyundai's Boston Dynamics\u003c/a> – signed an open letter, saying that general purpose robots should not be weaponized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Calo is a law and information science professor at the University of Washington and also studies robotics. He says he's long been concerned about the increasing militarization of police forces, but that police units across the country might be attracted to utilizing robots because \"it permits officers to incapacitate a dangerous individual without putting themselves in harm's way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robots could also keep suspects safe too, Calo points out. When officers use lethal force at their own discretion, often the justification is that the officer felt unsafe and perceived a threat. But he notes, \"you send robots into a situation and there just isn't any reason to use lethal force because no one is actually endangered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time a robot was reported being used by law enforcement as a deadly force in the United States was in 2016 when the Dallas Police Department used a bomb-disposal robot armed with an explosive device to kill a suspect who had shot and killed five police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email statement to NPR, SFPD public information officer Allison Maxie wrote, \"the SFPD does not own or operate robots outfitted with lethal force options and the Department has no plans to outfit robots with any type of firearm.\" Though robots can potentially be equipped with explosive charges to breach certain structures, they would only be used in extreme circumstances. The statement continued, \"No policy can anticipate every conceivable situation or exceptional circumstance which officers may face. The SFPD must be prepared, and have the ability, to respond proportionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Scharre is author of the book \u003cem>Army Of None: Autonomous Weapons And The Future Of War\u003c/em>. He helped create the U.S. policy for autonomous weapons used in war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scharre notes there is an important distinction between how robots are used in the military versus law enforcement. For one, robots used by law enforcement are not autonomous, meaning they are still controlled by a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces,\" Scharre says. \"They're there to protect citizens, and there may be situations where they need to use deadly force, but those should be absolutely a last resort.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is concerning about SFPD's proposal, Scharre says, is that it doesn't seem to be well thought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you've authorized this kind of use, it can be very hard to walk that back.\" He says that this proposal sets up a false choice between using a robot for deadly force or putting law enforcement officers at risk. Scharre suggests that robots could instead be sent in with a non-lethal weapon to incapacitate a person without endangering officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who studies robotics, Ryan Calo says that the idea of 'killer robots' is a launchpad for a bigger discussion about our relationship to technology and AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to robots being out in the field, Calo thinks about what happens if the technology fails and a robot accidentally kills or injures a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It becomes very difficult to disentangle who is responsible. Is it the people using the technology? Is it the people that design the technology?\" Calo asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With people, we can unpack the social and cultural dynamics of a situation, something you can't do with a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They feel like entities to us in a way that other technology doesn't,\" Calo says. \"And so when you have a robot in the mix, all of a sudden not only do you have this question about who is responsible, which humans, you also have this strong sense that the robot is a participant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if robots could be used to keep humans safe, Calo raises one more question: \"We have to ask ourselves do we want to be in a society where police kill people with robots? It feels so deeply dehumanizing and militaristic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors meets Tuesday to discuss how robots could be used by the SFPD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to include portions of an email statement to NPR by the SFPD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=San+Francisco+considers+allowing+law+enforcement+robots+to+use+lethal+force&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"From sci-fi to the streets, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors considers a policy proposal on whether or not the San Francisco Police Department can use robots to deploy deadly force.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1669755213,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1090},"headData":{"title":"San Francisco Considers Allowing Law Enforcement Robots to Use Lethal Force | KQED","description":"From sci-fi to the streets, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors considers a policy proposal on whether or not the San Francisco Police Department can use robots to deploy deadly force.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"San Francisco Considers Allowing Law Enforcement Robots to Use Lethal Force","datePublished":"2022-11-29T21:20:19.000Z","dateModified":"2022-11-29T20:53:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11933419 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11933419","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/11/29/san-francisco-considers-allowing-law-enforcement-robots-to-use-lethal-force/","disqusTitle":"San Francisco Considers Allowing Law Enforcement Robots to Use Lethal Force","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Joe Raedle","nprByline":"Brianna Scott","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"1139523832","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1139523832&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/28/1139523832/san-francisco-considers-allowing-law-enforcement-robots-to-use-lethal-force?ft=nprml&f=1139523832","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 29 Nov 2022 07:36:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 28 Nov 2022 16:25:50 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 28 Nov 2022 17:15:17 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2022/11/20221128_atc_san_francisco_considers_allowing_law_enforcement_robots_to_use_lethal_force.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=308&p=2&story=1139523832&ft=nprml&f=1139523832","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11139544206-d1120d.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=308&p=2&story=1139523832&ft=nprml&f=1139523832","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11933419/san-francisco-considers-allowing-law-enforcement-robots-to-use-lethal-force","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2022/11/20221128_atc_san_francisco_considers_allowing_law_enforcement_robots_to_use_lethal_force.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=308&p=2&story=1139523832&ft=nprml&f=1139523832","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Should robots working alongside law enforcement be used to deploy deadly force?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is weighing that question this week as they consider a policy proposal that would allow the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) to use robots as a deadly force against a suspect.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Paul Scharre, author","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new California law became effective this year that requires every municipality in the state to list and define the authorized uses of all military-grade equipment in their local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original draft of SFPD's policy was silent on the matter of robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Peskin, a member of the city's Board of Supervisors, added a line to SFPD's original draft policy that stated, \"Robots shall not be used as a Use of Force against any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD crossed out that sentence with \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11435108&GUID=2BDCB218-6FC9-4D6C-BB88-E8CB9C3AA0D9\">a red line\u003c/a> and returned the draft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their altered proposal outlines that \"robots will only be used as a deadly force option when risk of loss of life to members of the public or officers are imminent and outweigh any other force option available to the SFPD.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD currently has 12 functioning robots. They are remote controlled and typically used to gain situational awareness and survey specific areas officers may not be able to reach. They are also used to investigate and defuse potential bombs, or aide in hostage negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin says much of the military-grade equipment sold to cities for police departments to use was issued by the federal government, but there's not a lot of regulation surrounding how robots are to be used. \"It would be lovely if the federal government had instructions or guidance. Meanwhile, we are doing our best to get up to speed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of robots being legally allowed to kill has garnered some controversy. In October, a number of robotics companies – \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostondynamics.com/open-letter-opposing-weaponization-general-purpose-robots\">including Hyundai's Boston Dynamics\u003c/a> – signed an open letter, saying that general purpose robots should not be weaponized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Calo is a law and information science professor at the University of Washington and also studies robotics. He says he's long been concerned about the increasing militarization of police forces, but that police units across the country might be attracted to utilizing robots because \"it permits officers to incapacitate a dangerous individual without putting themselves in harm's way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robots could also keep suspects safe too, Calo points out. When officers use lethal force at their own discretion, often the justification is that the officer felt unsafe and perceived a threat. But he notes, \"you send robots into a situation and there just isn't any reason to use lethal force because no one is actually endangered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time a robot was reported being used by law enforcement as a deadly force in the United States was in 2016 when the Dallas Police Department used a bomb-disposal robot armed with an explosive device to kill a suspect who had shot and killed five police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email statement to NPR, SFPD public information officer Allison Maxie wrote, \"the SFPD does not own or operate robots outfitted with lethal force options and the Department has no plans to outfit robots with any type of firearm.\" Though robots can potentially be equipped with explosive charges to breach certain structures, they would only be used in extreme circumstances. The statement continued, \"No policy can anticipate every conceivable situation or exceptional circumstance which officers may face. The SFPD must be prepared, and have the ability, to respond proportionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Scharre is author of the book \u003cem>Army Of None: Autonomous Weapons And The Future Of War\u003c/em>. He helped create the U.S. policy for autonomous weapons used in war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scharre notes there is an important distinction between how robots are used in the military versus law enforcement. For one, robots used by law enforcement are not autonomous, meaning they are still controlled by a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces,\" Scharre says. \"They're there to protect citizens, and there may be situations where they need to use deadly force, but those should be absolutely a last resort.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is concerning about SFPD's proposal, Scharre says, is that it doesn't seem to be well thought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you've authorized this kind of use, it can be very hard to walk that back.\" He says that this proposal sets up a false choice between using a robot for deadly force or putting law enforcement officers at risk. Scharre suggests that robots could instead be sent in with a non-lethal weapon to incapacitate a person without endangering officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who studies robotics, Ryan Calo says that the idea of 'killer robots' is a launchpad for a bigger discussion about our relationship to technology and AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to robots being out in the field, Calo thinks about what happens if the technology fails and a robot accidentally kills or injures a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It becomes very difficult to disentangle who is responsible. Is it the people using the technology? Is it the people that design the technology?\" Calo asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With people, we can unpack the social and cultural dynamics of a situation, something you can't do with a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They feel like entities to us in a way that other technology doesn't,\" Calo says. \"And so when you have a robot in the mix, all of a sudden not only do you have this question about who is responsible, which humans, you also have this strong sense that the robot is a participant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if robots could be used to keep humans safe, Calo raises one more question: \"We have to ask ourselves do we want to be in a society where police kill people with robots? It feels so deeply dehumanizing and militaristic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors meets Tuesday to discuss how robots could be used by the SFPD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to include portions of an email statement to NPR by the SFPD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=San+Francisco+considers+allowing+law+enforcement+robots+to+use+lethal+force&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11933419/san-francisco-considers-allowing-law-enforcement-robots-to-use-lethal-force","authors":["byline_news_11933419"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_195","news_32051","news_21278","news_196"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11933420","label":"source_news_11933419"},"news_11904502":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11904502","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11904502","score":null,"sort":[1646402575000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"human-or-machine-why-do-we-want-robots-to-sound-like-us","title":"Human or Machine: Why Do We Want Robots to Sound Like Us?","publishDate":1646402575,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Machines that talk have existed in our lives for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1939, Bell Laboratories changed everything by unveiling The Voder, the first electronic vocal synthesizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featured at the New York and San Francisco World’s Fair, it was played using 10 keys, a foot pedal and a bar controlled by the operator's wrist. The demonstration marked the first time the world heard what a modern machine voice could sound like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://omny.fm/shows/kqed-now/voder-voice-sample/embed?image=1&share=0&download=1&description=0&follow=0&foreground=6d4d8f&background=f5f5f5&highlight=e51e40\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"THE VODER: World Fair 1939\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, most of us find ourselves surrounded by many machines that talk (Alexa, Siri, Google Assistant, to name a few) and they increasingly sound a lot like us. With advances in artificial intelligence (AI), it’s getting harder to distinguish these synthetic voices from human ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why do we even want robots to sound like us in the first place, and what makes machine voices still sound robotic (albeit decreasingly so)? KQED explored these questions in a two-part project: \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/17/1073031858/artificial-intelligence-voice-cloning\">\"Send in the clones: Using artificial intelligence to digitally replicate human voices”\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11907142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing earbuds listens as a man next to her sits in front of a laptop.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-1536x863.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reporter Chloe Veltman, right, reacts to hearing her digital voice double, \"Chloney,\" for the first time, presented by Mark Seligman, chief linguist at the San José company Speech Morphing. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Speech Morphing)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chloe, meet “Chloney”. Follow KQED reporter Chloe Veltman’s journey to get her own voice cloned by a San José-based natural language speech synthesis company called \u003ca href=\"https://speechmorphing.com\">Speech Morphing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://omny.fm/shows/kqed-now/send-in-the-clone/embed?image=1&share=0&download=1&description=0&follow=0&foreground=6d4d8f&background=f5f5f5&highlight=e51e40\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Send In The Clones\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'Human or Machine'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Put your own ears to the test. See if you can tell the difference between human and machine voices in “Human or Machine,” our interactive voice game for Alexa and Google Assistant. The game, which sounds deceptively simple, was created by Lowell Robinson, KQED’s Voice and AI senior producer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11904775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11904775\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An Amazon Alexa device shows the KQED Human or Machine home screen.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Human or Machine is a new interactive voice game from KQED. \u003ccite>(Lowell Robinson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09SR98HY6/ref=sr_1_2?crid=3EMSP8FWBBW2E&keywords=human+or+machine+skill&qid=1645135456&sprefix=human+or+machine+skill%2Caps%2C121&sr=8-2\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-11864338 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/amazon-alexa-160x76-1.png\" alt=\"Amazon Alexa\" width=\"160\" height=\"76\">\u003c/a> To play Human or Machine on Alexa, say “\u003cstrong>Alexa, open Human or Machine\u003c/strong>.” You can also find it here on \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09SR98HY6/ref=sr_1_2?crid=3EMSP8FWBBW2E&keywords=human+or+machine+skill&qid=1645135456&sprefix=human+or+machine+skill%2Caps%2C121&sr=8-2\">Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://assistant.google.com/services/a/uid/00000087cc689821?hl=en\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-11799864 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-160x154.png\" alt=\"works with the Google Assistant\" width=\"160\" height=\"154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-160x154.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-800x770.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-1020x982.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858.png 1079w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a> To play on Google Assistant, say “\u003cstrong>Hey Google, talk to Human or Machine\u003c/strong>” You can also find in here the \u003ca href=\"https://assistant.google.com/services/a/uid/00000087cc689821?hl=en\">Actions Directory\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"KQED’s interactive and reporting project explores the increasingly human-sounding machine voices in our lives. \r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1646422160,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":353},"headData":{"title":"Human or Machine: Why Do We Want Robots to Sound Like Us? | KQED","description":"KQED’s interactive and reporting project explores the increasingly human-sounding machine voices in our lives. \r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Human or Machine: Why Do We Want Robots to Sound Like Us?","datePublished":"2022-03-04T14:02:55.000Z","dateModified":"2022-03-04T19:29:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11904502 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11904502","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/03/04/human-or-machine-why-do-we-want-robots-to-sound-like-us/","disqusTitle":"Human or Machine: Why Do We Want Robots to Sound Like Us?","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/bddeed39-0006-42a9-bcc6-ae4e01367989/audio.mp3","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11904502/human-or-machine-why-do-we-want-robots-to-sound-like-us","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Machines that talk have existed in our lives for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1939, Bell Laboratories changed everything by unveiling The Voder, the first electronic vocal synthesizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featured at the New York and San Francisco World’s Fair, it was played using 10 keys, a foot pedal and a bar controlled by the operator's wrist. The demonstration marked the first time the world heard what a modern machine voice could sound like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://omny.fm/shows/kqed-now/voder-voice-sample/embed?image=1&share=0&download=1&description=0&follow=0&foreground=6d4d8f&background=f5f5f5&highlight=e51e40\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"THE VODER: World Fair 1939\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, most of us find ourselves surrounded by many machines that talk (Alexa, Siri, Google Assistant, to name a few) and they increasingly sound a lot like us. With advances in artificial intelligence (AI), it’s getting harder to distinguish these synthetic voices from human ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why do we even want robots to sound like us in the first place, and what makes machine voices still sound robotic (albeit decreasingly so)? KQED explored these questions in a two-part project: \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/17/1073031858/artificial-intelligence-voice-cloning\">\"Send in the clones: Using artificial intelligence to digitally replicate human voices”\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11907142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing earbuds listens as a man next to her sits in front of a laptop.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/mark-seligman-and-chloe-veltman-chloney-demo-credit-speech-morphing_wide-ab300712e47dd0f417ef7cd185b-1536x863.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reporter Chloe Veltman, right, reacts to hearing her digital voice double, \"Chloney,\" for the first time, presented by Mark Seligman, chief linguist at the San José company Speech Morphing. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Speech Morphing)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chloe, meet “Chloney”. Follow KQED reporter Chloe Veltman’s journey to get her own voice cloned by a San José-based natural language speech synthesis company called \u003ca href=\"https://speechmorphing.com\">Speech Morphing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://omny.fm/shows/kqed-now/send-in-the-clone/embed?image=1&share=0&download=1&description=0&follow=0&foreground=6d4d8f&background=f5f5f5&highlight=e51e40\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Send In The Clones\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'Human or Machine'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Put your own ears to the test. See if you can tell the difference between human and machine voices in “Human or Machine,” our interactive voice game for Alexa and Google Assistant. The game, which sounds deceptively simple, was created by Lowell Robinson, KQED’s Voice and AI senior producer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11904775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11904775\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An Amazon Alexa device shows the KQED Human or Machine home screen.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53689_humanOrMachineTable_v2-qut-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Human or Machine is a new interactive voice game from KQED. \u003ccite>(Lowell Robinson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09SR98HY6/ref=sr_1_2?crid=3EMSP8FWBBW2E&keywords=human+or+machine+skill&qid=1645135456&sprefix=human+or+machine+skill%2Caps%2C121&sr=8-2\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-11864338 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/amazon-alexa-160x76-1.png\" alt=\"Amazon Alexa\" width=\"160\" height=\"76\">\u003c/a> To play Human or Machine on Alexa, say “\u003cstrong>Alexa, open Human or Machine\u003c/strong>.” You can also find it here on \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09SR98HY6/ref=sr_1_2?crid=3EMSP8FWBBW2E&keywords=human+or+machine+skill&qid=1645135456&sprefix=human+or+machine+skill%2Caps%2C121&sr=8-2\">Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://assistant.google.com/services/a/uid/00000087cc689821?hl=en\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-11799864 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-160x154.png\" alt=\"works with the Google Assistant\" width=\"160\" height=\"154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-160x154.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-800x770.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858-1020x982.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/XPM_BADGING_GoogleAssistant_VER-e1580774322858.png 1079w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a> To play on Google Assistant, say “\u003cstrong>Hey Google, talk to Human or Machine\u003c/strong>” You can also find in here the \u003ca href=\"https://assistant.google.com/services/a/uid/00000087cc689821?hl=en\">Actions Directory\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11904502/human-or-machine-why-do-we-want-robots-to-sound-like-us","authors":["8608","11620"],"categories":["news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_2114","news_21278","news_1631","news_27957"],"featImg":"news_11904651","label":"news"},"news_11707805":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11707805","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11707805","score":null,"sort":[1542981648000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries","title":"Optimized Prime: How AI and Anticipation Power Amazon's 1-Hour Deliveries","publishDate":1542981648,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>By the time someone clicks \"buy\" on Amazon, Jenny Freshwater's team has probably expected it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freshwater is a software director in Amazon's Supply Chain Optimization Technologies group. Her team forecasts demand for everything sold by Amazon worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This task, into which NPR got exclusive insight, underlies the entire Amazon retail operation. And it's central to Amazon's wooing of some 100 million people who shell out up to $119 a year for a Prime subscription, which guarantees two-day shipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11491029/warehouses-promise-jobs-but-what-happens-when-the-robots-come\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warehouses Promise Jobs, But What Happens When the Robots Come?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Inside Amazon, corporate executives like to evoke magic when they talk about fast delivery. For months, they used the code name Houdini before launching their fastest service, Prime Now, which delivers household basics within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot of it is thanks to artificial intelligence. With AI, computers analyze reams of data, making decisions and performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is key to Amazon's retail forecasting on steroids and its push to shave off minutes and seconds in the rush to prepare, pack and deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It goes beyond just being able to forecast we need 100 blouses,\" Freshwater says. \"We need to be able to determine how many do we expect our customers to buy across the sizes, and the colors. And then ... where do we actually put the product so that our customers can get it when they click 'buy.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a key element to how Amazon speeds up deliveries: The team predicts exactly where those blouses should be stocked so that they are as close as possible to the people who will buy them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Note: Amazon is one of NPR's financial supporters.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process is even more essential now that the race is on for same-day and even same-hour delivery. Few other retailers have ventured into these speeds, because they're very expensive. And few rely quite so much on AI to control costs while expanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg 2997w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amazon boxes are scanned on conveyor belts. AI systems keep track of all items in the warehouses, which can be as vast as 1 million square feet. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both AI and forecasting are not unique to Amazon. All retail stores work hard to prepare, for example, for seasonal or weather-related demand. And all major retail companies have their own algorithms, automated warehouses and delivery tricks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was Amazon Prime that got Americans hooked on two-day shipping, which shoppers now take for granted. Walmart, Target and many others now offer two-day deliveries even without membership fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all large online retailers rely on AI, \"Amazon definitely has the most powerful tools for all the little computational processes involved in moving the packages through many suppliers, routes of transit and all the steps that a package goes through,\" says Mike Liebhold, a senior tech researcher at the Institute for the Future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, AI is woven through every part of an Amazon purchase, from the website to the warehouses to the actual delivery to your doorstep. In corporate lingo, Amazon calls that the \"first mile,\" \"middle mile\" and \"last mile.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Forecasting for the \"first mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, Amazon got \u003ca href=\"http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=08615473&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO2%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%25252Fnetahtml%25252FPTO%25252Fsearch-bool.html\">a patent\u003c/a> for so-called anticipatory shipping. The idea was to get your order as close as possible to your address before you actually click buy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, Amazon has built a massive warehousing footprint around the country. And it's been adding smaller warehouses closer to city centers where Prime Now promotes super-fast delivery options. It's also using Whole Foods locations for faster access to groceries and basic pickups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon regularly tests what new products people might want with extra-fast shipping, says Cem Sibay, who runs Amazon Prime in North America. \"If you see customers consistently trying to select for same-day delivery, then the next step is obviously that some customers maybe actually even need this faster,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707809\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707809\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg 3000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An employee works on an order in Amazon's fulfillment center in Baltimore. Amazon's forecasting team works on anticipating demand for everything sold by the company worldwide. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amazon decides what to stock by looking at every detail of each product. It takes a shirt and analyzes the color, length, silhouette, sleeve length and histories of purchases for similar clothing items. Freshwater, of Amazon's forecasting team, says her group does not have access to personally identifiable information on specific shoppers. But her team looks at past demand and online-shopping habits in aggregate to write algorithms and statistical models that teach the AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Amazon's predictions are not surprising. \"You don't sell very much Chicago Cubs gear in Hawaii,\" Freshwater says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are less obvious. For example, AI has learned that not all new products mean the same type of forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take tax software. Everyone wants the \u003cem>latest \u003c/em>version. But the release of a new DSLR camera? That actually triggers huge demand for the \u003cem>older \u003c/em>versions, which are cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/665646050/amazons-grand-search-for-2nd-headquarters-ends-with-split-nyc-and-d-c-suburb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon's Grand Search For 2nd Headquarters Ends With Split: NYC And D.C. Suburb\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>AI has also determined that online shoppers often abandon their online grocery cart entirely if bananas are sold out — and that bananas are most in demand on Mondays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider sunscreen. It's obviously in demand in the summer, but Amazon's AI models have also detected mini-surges around winter holidays and spring breaks — when people go on trips to warm sunny places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you search on Amazon.com or shop using Alexa on the Echo device, AI determines what results or recommendations you see and tells you how fast you might get each item.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \"middle mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside Amazon's warehouses, AI powers the Kiva robots, which look like large Roombas carrying bright yellow shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707810\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707810\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg 3000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1920x1268.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiva robots move racks of merchandise at an Amazon fulfillment center in Tracy, California, in 2015. The machines bring the shelves to workers. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In traditional warehouses, it's the people who walk to the shelves. But in most Amazon warehouses, the robots bring the shelves to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The machines know what to bring and when to get orders packed so they are in time for delivery. AI systems keep track of all items in the warehouses, which can be as vast as 1 million square feet. AI constantly arranges and reshuffles the shelves so that things you're about to buy are ready to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/666274605/how-big-is-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Big Is Amazon? Its Many Businesses In One Chart\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amazon is now rolling out new efficiency-boosting technology that eliminates the need for handheld scanners, says Brad Porter, head of robotics for Amazon Operations. The new system retrofits workers' stations with advanced cameras that can automatically scan items that workers hold in their hands. AI is learning to discern and interpret people's hand movements to recognize when a person places an item inside a shelf slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of innovation is a controversial topic in retail, where layoffs are rampant, just as automation is reshaping the workforce. Economic research \u003ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/610005/every-study-we-could-find-on-what-automation-will-do-to-jobs-in-one-chart/\">is divided\u003c/a> on how much exactly AI will eliminate or create jobs, especially for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Amazon has been hiring people by the hundreds of thousands for its highly automated warehouses. Its workforce has ballooned to\u003ca href=\"https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/28f23db2-79d5-4aa0-9acc-ef6413e1bafe\"> 613,300\u003c/a> in a matter of a few years. Warehousing overall has been one of the fastest-growing industries, even though a lot of that work is part-time or temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Amazon has launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/22/579640565/amazons-cashier-less-seattle-grocery-opens-to-the-public\">AI-powered stores\u003c/a> that eliminate the need for a cashier, stoking fears about the future of jobs like these industrywide. Plus, as Porter will point out, scientists have long been working on robots that can imitate human hands with their grip. For work like packing in warehouses, an agile robotic hand could erase one key edge that human workers now have over machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Porter, modern automation is simply in the latest chapter of industrial progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Industrial automation and robotics are here. They've been here for a long time,\" Porter says. \"I think what's novel or hard in the logistics space and for Amazon is just the diversity and selection of inventory that we have and the scale at which we're doing it. And so yeah, I think we'll continue to see technology innovation in all these spaces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \"last mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One area where AI has created a new type of job is in deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg 2997w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exterior of a fulfillment center in Baltimore. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amazon has many logistics contracts for deliveries, with the United States Postal Service, FedEx, UPS and other smaller companies. But it also took a page from Uber and began hiring drivers for side gigs to make superfast deliveries in busy cities, paying between $18 and $25 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app is officially called \"Flex,\" but its original name is \"Rabbit\" — \"along the magic theme,\" says Beryl Tomay, director of Amazon's Last Mile Delivery Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process relies on AI to constantly calculate how many drivers are needed at any given time. The app considers the weight and number of packages headed to the same neighborhoods and whether packages can fit in one of the available cars. The app even recommends the order of packing boxes into a car for the most efficient delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One big challenge for Flex drivers is parking. Amazon's app does not guide where to leave cars while dropping off a package. However, Amazon does factor how long it took other drivers to deliver to an address in its estimates. AI's timing estimates also consider traffic and types of building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A single-family home is fairly straightforward, whereas if it's a commercial building or an apartment complex, that gets a little bit more difficult,\" Tomay says. \"It's not always obvious where the unit is, or are we taking it to a mailroom or receptionist?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672953/what-americans-told-us-about-online-shopping-says-a-lot-about-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Americans Told Us About Online Shopping Says A Lot About Amazon\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Sibay describes it, when a delivery is a one-hour race, every minute counts. So delays and missed deadlines get a thorough analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Were we not able to pick it in time from our warehouse shelves? Did we not have the right number of drivers?\" says Sibay. Or maybe \"the driver forgets his key at reception and has to walk a little longer. The driver's delivering a package and it's an elderly lady and they, you know, talk a little bit before he moves on to his next order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard for AI to predict all these scenarios, Sibay says. But next time, maybe the address with the Chatty Cathy will get a few more minutes baked into the algorithm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Amazon executives often evoke magic when talking about fast shipping. Now in a race for one-hour deliveries, few retailers can afford to keep up. And few rely quite so much on artificial intelligence.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1542848214,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1799},"headData":{"title":"Optimized Prime: How AI and Anticipation Power Amazon's 1-Hour Deliveries | KQED","description":"Amazon executives often evoke magic when talking about fast shipping. Now in a race for one-hour deliveries, few retailers can afford to keep up. And few rely quite so much on artificial intelligence.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Optimized Prime: How AI and Anticipation Power Amazon's 1-Hour Deliveries","datePublished":"2018-11-23T14:00:48.000Z","dateModified":"2018-11-22T00:56:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11707805 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11707805","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/11/23/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries/","disqusTitle":"Optimized Prime: How AI and Anticipation Power Amazon's 1-Hour Deliveries","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/21/660168325/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries","nprImageCredit":"Claire Harbage","nprByline":"Alina Selyukh\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/21/660168325/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"660168325","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=660168325&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/21/660168325/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries?ft=nprml&f=660168325","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 21 Nov 2018 08:28:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 21 Nov 2018 07:22:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 21 Nov 2018 08:28:28 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/11/20181121_me_amazon_ai.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&d=360&p=3&story=660168325&ft=nprml&f=660168325","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1669911324-3f81e1.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1019&d=360&p=3&story=660168325&ft=nprml&f=660168325","path":"/news/11707805/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/11/20181121_me_amazon_ai.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&d=360&p=3&story=660168325&ft=nprml&f=660168325","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By the time someone clicks \"buy\" on Amazon, Jenny Freshwater's team has probably expected it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freshwater is a software director in Amazon's Supply Chain Optimization Technologies group. Her team forecasts demand for everything sold by Amazon worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This task, into which NPR got exclusive insight, underlies the entire Amazon retail operation. And it's central to Amazon's wooing of some 100 million people who shell out up to $119 a year for a Prime subscription, which guarantees two-day shipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11491029/warehouses-promise-jobs-but-what-happens-when-the-robots-come\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warehouses Promise Jobs, But What Happens When the Robots Come?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Inside Amazon, corporate executives like to evoke magic when they talk about fast delivery. For months, they used the code name Houdini before launching their fastest service, Prime Now, which delivers household basics within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot of it is thanks to artificial intelligence. With AI, computers analyze reams of data, making decisions and performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is key to Amazon's retail forecasting on steroids and its push to shave off minutes and seconds in the rush to prepare, pack and deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It goes beyond just being able to forecast we need 100 blouses,\" Freshwater says. \"We need to be able to determine how many do we expect our customers to buy across the sizes, and the colors. And then ... where do we actually put the product so that our customers can get it when they click 'buy.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a key element to how Amazon speeds up deliveries: The team predicts exactly where those blouses should be stocked so that they are as close as possible to the people who will buy them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Note: Amazon is one of NPR's financial supporters.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process is even more essential now that the race is on for same-day and even same-hour delivery. Few other retailers have ventured into these speeds, because they're very expensive. And few rely quite so much on AI to control costs while expanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74.jpg 2997w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1608_slide-fb3115386dffa8ab64c702cdf22e6175d9b6ab74-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amazon boxes are scanned on conveyor belts. AI systems keep track of all items in the warehouses, which can be as vast as 1 million square feet. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both AI and forecasting are not unique to Amazon. All retail stores work hard to prepare, for example, for seasonal or weather-related demand. And all major retail companies have their own algorithms, automated warehouses and delivery tricks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was Amazon Prime that got Americans hooked on two-day shipping, which shoppers now take for granted. Walmart, Target and many others now offer two-day deliveries even without membership fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all large online retailers rely on AI, \"Amazon definitely has the most powerful tools for all the little computational processes involved in moving the packages through many suppliers, routes of transit and all the steps that a package goes through,\" says Mike Liebhold, a senior tech researcher at the Institute for the Future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, AI is woven through every part of an Amazon purchase, from the website to the warehouses to the actual delivery to your doorstep. In corporate lingo, Amazon calls that the \"first mile,\" \"middle mile\" and \"last mile.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Forecasting for the \"first mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, Amazon got \u003ca href=\"http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=08615473&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO2%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%25252Fnetahtml%25252FPTO%25252Fsearch-bool.html\">a patent\u003c/a> for so-called anticipatory shipping. The idea was to get your order as close as possible to your address before you actually click buy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, Amazon has built a massive warehousing footprint around the country. And it's been adding smaller warehouses closer to city centers where Prime Now promotes super-fast delivery options. It's also using Whole Foods locations for faster access to groceries and basic pickups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon regularly tests what new products people might want with extra-fast shipping, says Cem Sibay, who runs Amazon Prime in North America. \"If you see customers consistently trying to select for same-day delivery, then the next step is obviously that some customers maybe actually even need this faster,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707809\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707809\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf.jpg 3000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1693_slide-c6d2a7481f7d901b98fce3dbfd55fa08903739bf-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An employee works on an order in Amazon's fulfillment center in Baltimore. Amazon's forecasting team works on anticipating demand for everything sold by the company worldwide. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amazon decides what to stock by looking at every detail of each product. It takes a shirt and analyzes the color, length, silhouette, sleeve length and histories of purchases for similar clothing items. Freshwater, of Amazon's forecasting team, says her group does not have access to personally identifiable information on specific shoppers. But her team looks at past demand and online-shopping habits in aggregate to write algorithms and statistical models that teach the AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Amazon's predictions are not surprising. \"You don't sell very much Chicago Cubs gear in Hawaii,\" Freshwater says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are less obvious. For example, AI has learned that not all new products mean the same type of forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take tax software. Everyone wants the \u003cem>latest \u003c/em>version. But the release of a new DSLR camera? That actually triggers huge demand for the \u003cem>older \u003c/em>versions, which are cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/665646050/amazons-grand-search-for-2nd-headquarters-ends-with-split-nyc-and-d-c-suburb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon's Grand Search For 2nd Headquarters Ends With Split: NYC And D.C. Suburb\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>AI has also determined that online shoppers often abandon their online grocery cart entirely if bananas are sold out — and that bananas are most in demand on Mondays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider sunscreen. It's obviously in demand in the summer, but Amazon's AI models have also detected mini-surges around winter holidays and spring breaks — when people go on trips to warm sunny places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you search on Amazon.com or shop using Alexa on the Echo device, AI determines what results or recommendations you see and tells you how fast you might get each item.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \"middle mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside Amazon's warehouses, AI powers the Kiva robots, which look like large Roombas carrying bright yellow shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707810\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707810\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1.jpg 3000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/gettyimages-461841920_custom-78867aba5302b2285e4e991e3bf210607678b3e1-1920x1268.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiva robots move racks of merchandise at an Amazon fulfillment center in Tracy, California, in 2015. The machines bring the shelves to workers. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In traditional warehouses, it's the people who walk to the shelves. But in most Amazon warehouses, the robots bring the shelves to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The machines know what to bring and when to get orders packed so they are in time for delivery. AI systems keep track of all items in the warehouses, which can be as vast as 1 million square feet. AI constantly arranges and reshuffles the shelves so that things you're about to buy are ready to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/666274605/how-big-is-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Big Is Amazon? Its Many Businesses In One Chart\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amazon is now rolling out new efficiency-boosting technology that eliminates the need for handheld scanners, says Brad Porter, head of robotics for Amazon Operations. The new system retrofits workers' stations with advanced cameras that can automatically scan items that workers hold in their hands. AI is learning to discern and interpret people's hand movements to recognize when a person places an item inside a shelf slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of innovation is a controversial topic in retail, where layoffs are rampant, just as automation is reshaping the workforce. Economic research \u003ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/610005/every-study-we-could-find-on-what-automation-will-do-to-jobs-in-one-chart/\">is divided\u003c/a> on how much exactly AI will eliminate or create jobs, especially for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Amazon has been hiring people by the hundreds of thousands for its highly automated warehouses. Its workforce has ballooned to\u003ca href=\"https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/28f23db2-79d5-4aa0-9acc-ef6413e1bafe\"> 613,300\u003c/a> in a matter of a few years. Warehousing overall has been one of the fastest-growing industries, even though a lot of that work is part-time or temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Amazon has launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/22/579640565/amazons-cashier-less-seattle-grocery-opens-to-the-public\">AI-powered stores\u003c/a> that eliminate the need for a cashier, stoking fears about the future of jobs like these industrywide. Plus, as Porter will point out, scientists have long been working on robots that can imitate human hands with their grip. For work like packing in warehouses, an agile robotic hand could erase one key edge that human workers now have over machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Porter, modern automation is simply in the latest chapter of industrial progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Industrial automation and robotics are here. They've been here for a long time,\" Porter says. \"I think what's novel or hard in the logistics space and for Amazon is just the diversity and selection of inventory that we have and the scale at which we're doing it. And so yeah, I think we'll continue to see technology innovation in all these spaces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \"last mile\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One area where AI has created a new type of job is in deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11707811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11707811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24.jpg 2997w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/dsc1746_slide-a2005f33ac974ca9ec779bc411f1fda21369ac24-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exterior of a fulfillment center in Baltimore. \u003ccite>(Claire Harbage/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amazon has many logistics contracts for deliveries, with the United States Postal Service, FedEx, UPS and other smaller companies. But it also took a page from Uber and began hiring drivers for side gigs to make superfast deliveries in busy cities, paying between $18 and $25 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app is officially called \"Flex,\" but its original name is \"Rabbit\" — \"along the magic theme,\" says Beryl Tomay, director of Amazon's Last Mile Delivery Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process relies on AI to constantly calculate how many drivers are needed at any given time. The app considers the weight and number of packages headed to the same neighborhoods and whether packages can fit in one of the available cars. The app even recommends the order of packing boxes into a car for the most efficient delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One big challenge for Flex drivers is parking. Amazon's app does not guide where to leave cars while dropping off a package. However, Amazon does factor how long it took other drivers to deliver to an address in its estimates. AI's timing estimates also consider traffic and types of building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A single-family home is fairly straightforward, whereas if it's a commercial building or an apartment complex, that gets a little bit more difficult,\" Tomay says. \"It's not always obvious where the unit is, or are we taking it to a mailroom or receptionist?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672953/what-americans-told-us-about-online-shopping-says-a-lot-about-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Americans Told Us About Online Shopping Says A Lot About Amazon\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Sibay describes it, when a delivery is a one-hour race, every minute counts. So delays and missed deadlines get a thorough analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Were we not able to pick it in time from our warehouse shelves? Did we not have the right number of drivers?\" says Sibay. Or maybe \"the driver forgets his key at reception and has to walk a little longer. The driver's delivering a package and it's an elderly lady and they, you know, talk a little bit before he moves on to his next order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard for AI to predict all these scenarios, Sibay says. But next time, maybe the address with the Chatty Cathy will get a few more minutes baked into the algorithm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11707805/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries","authors":["byline_news_11707805"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_1611","news_2114","news_21278"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11707808","label":"source_news_11707805"},"news_11679745":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11679745","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11679745","score":null,"sort":[1531524921000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"going-back-to-1993-unpacking-the-internet-then-and-now","title":"Going Back to 1993: Unpacking the Internet, Then and Now","publishDate":1531524921,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The year 1993 was a watershed for the internet. It was the year developers of the web at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (French acronym CERN) made it open and free to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also the year that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsa.illinois.edu/enabling/mosaic\">Mosaic\u003c/a>, the first general-use internet browser, was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years later, the internet has become one of the most important tools in our lives, so much so that it feels strange to call it a \"thing.\" Our digital lives allow us to communicate and connect like never before, but it has also opened up a Pandora's box of complicated ethical issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What better place to muse on how technology has changed our lives than the \u003ca href=\"http://www.computerhistory.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Computer History Museum\u003c/a> in Mountain View, California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Silicon Valley tech team -- senior editor Tonya Mosley and reporters Peter Jon Shuler and Sam Harnett -- visited the museum for this week's show to take us back in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665625/virtual-worlds-reassessing-our-tech-predictions-25-years-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Virtual Worlds: Reassessing Our Tech Predictions 25 Years Later\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"In one of AT&T's "You Will" commercials from 1993, a man remotely attends a business meeting via his laptop at the beach -- something barely imaginable at the time.\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-800x546.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1200x819.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1180x806.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-960x656.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-375x256.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-520x355.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In one of AT&T's \"You Will\" commercials from 1993, a man remotely attends a business meeting via his laptop at the beach -- something barely imaginable at the time. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Along with colleague Rachael Myrow, the team investigated how our first experiences of this \"futuristic\" technology from a quarter-century ago have evolved to present day. That series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665625/virtual-worlds-reassessing-our-tech-predictions-25-years-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Virtual Worlds\u003c/a>, revisits KQED's reporting from 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first story in the series re-examines 25-year-old tech predictions about the dangers of feeling tied to technology, and futuristic ads showing people buying concert tickets from an ATM machine, making video calls from a pay phone and sending their beach messages through a fax.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665181/the-internet-really-did-lead-to-an-explosion-of-creative-content-good-bad-and-ugly\">The Internet Really Did Lead to an Explosion of Creative Content: Good, Bad and Ugly\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680272\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680272\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-800x640.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-1020x816.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-960x768.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-240x192.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-375x300.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-520x416.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Halo Called Fred enjoys the first coverage it's received on KQED since 1993. Brushwood Thicket Farmer (left); Geverend Dee (top center); Queenie (right); Tiny (bottom center). \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Scott Levine/FotoPlex)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back in 1993, there were new ideas about how the internet could let you pay for content you like (and \u003cem>get paid\u003c/em> for making your own content!).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We revisit just how that has played out 25 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665681/innovation-in-east-oakland-the-realities-of-keeping-up-outside-of-silicon-valleys-bubble\">Innovation in East Oakland: The Realities of Keeping Up Outside of Silicon Valley's Bubble\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680274\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680274\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students in the Media Academy at Fremont High School in East Oakland work on a solution for a community problem using virtual reality. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years ago, students at Fremont High School in East Oakland were learning all about how to use the latest technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even back then, teachers were questioning whether they were creating passive consumers or active creators of tech. We revisit East Oakland to let see if anything has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Online Privacy ... a Thing of the Past?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11679803 size-medium\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-1020x1361.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-1180x1574.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-960x1281.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-520x694.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Altair 8800 was released in 1975 as the first personal computer. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of this week's special, guest host Tonya Mosley also walks through the museum with technology journalist and internet safety advocate \u003ca href=\"http://www.larrysworld.com/about/\">Larry Magid\u003c/a>, to talk about our evolving standards for privacy and security online.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"We've come a long way from a 6-foot-tall computer. But the internet hasn't solved everything it promised to. This week we visit the Computer History Museum in Mountain View to muse on how the internet has changed our lives.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1594422650,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":522},"headData":{"title":"Going Back to 1993: Unpacking the Internet, Then and Now | KQED","description":"We've come a long way from a 6-foot-tall computer. But the internet hasn't solved everything it promised to. This week we visit the Computer History Museum in Mountain View to muse on how the internet has changed our lives.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Going Back to 1993: Unpacking the Internet, Then and Now","datePublished":"2018-07-13T23:35:21.000Z","dateModified":"2020-07-10T23:10:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11679745 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11679745","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/07/13/going-back-to-1993-unpacking-the-internet-then-and-now/","disqusTitle":"Going Back to 1993: Unpacking the Internet, Then and Now","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/07/TCRMAG20180713.mp3","audioTrackLength":1714,"path":"/news/11679745/going-back-to-1993-unpacking-the-internet-then-and-now","audioDuration":1737000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The year 1993 was a watershed for the internet. It was the year developers of the web at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (French acronym CERN) made it open and free to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also the year that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsa.illinois.edu/enabling/mosaic\">Mosaic\u003c/a>, the first general-use internet browser, was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years later, the internet has become one of the most important tools in our lives, so much so that it feels strange to call it a \"thing.\" Our digital lives allow us to communicate and connect like never before, but it has also opened up a Pandora's box of complicated ethical issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What better place to muse on how technology has changed our lives than the \u003ca href=\"http://www.computerhistory.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Computer History Museum\u003c/a> in Mountain View, California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Silicon Valley tech team -- senior editor Tonya Mosley and reporters Peter Jon Shuler and Sam Harnett -- visited the museum for this week's show to take us back in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665625/virtual-worlds-reassessing-our-tech-predictions-25-years-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Virtual Worlds: Reassessing Our Tech Predictions 25 Years Later\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"In one of AT&T's "You Will" commercials from 1993, a man remotely attends a business meeting via his laptop at the beach -- something barely imaginable at the time.\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-800x546.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1200x819.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-1180x806.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-960x656.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-375x256.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ATTYouWill-520x355.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In one of AT&T's \"You Will\" commercials from 1993, a man remotely attends a business meeting via his laptop at the beach -- something barely imaginable at the time. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Along with colleague Rachael Myrow, the team investigated how our first experiences of this \"futuristic\" technology from a quarter-century ago have evolved to present day. That series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665625/virtual-worlds-reassessing-our-tech-predictions-25-years-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Virtual Worlds\u003c/a>, revisits KQED's reporting from 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first story in the series re-examines 25-year-old tech predictions about the dangers of feeling tied to technology, and futuristic ads showing people buying concert tickets from an ATM machine, making video calls from a pay phone and sending their beach messages through a fax.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665181/the-internet-really-did-lead-to-an-explosion-of-creative-content-good-bad-and-ugly\">The Internet Really Did Lead to an Explosion of Creative Content: Good, Bad and Ugly\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680272\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680272\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-800x640.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-1020x816.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-960x768.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-240x192.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-375x300.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/AHCF_circus-1180x944-520x416.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Halo Called Fred enjoys the first coverage it's received on KQED since 1993. Brushwood Thicket Farmer (left); Geverend Dee (top center); Queenie (right); Tiny (bottom center). \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Scott Levine/FotoPlex)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back in 1993, there were new ideas about how the internet could let you pay for content you like (and \u003cem>get paid\u003c/em> for making your own content!).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We revisit just how that has played out 25 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665681/innovation-in-east-oakland-the-realities-of-keeping-up-outside-of-silicon-valleys-bubble\">Innovation in East Oakland: The Realities of Keeping Up Outside of Silicon Valley's Bubble\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680274\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680274\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students in the Media Academy at Fremont High School in East Oakland work on a solution for a community problem using virtual reality. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years ago, students at Fremont High School in East Oakland were learning all about how to use the latest technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even back then, teachers were questioning whether they were creating passive consumers or active creators of tech. We revisit East Oakland to let see if anything has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Online Privacy ... a Thing of the Past?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11679803 size-medium\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-1020x1361.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-1180x1574.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-960x1281.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31750_IMG_3549-qut-520x694.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Altair 8800 was released in 1975 as the first personal computer. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of this week's special, guest host Tonya Mosley also walks through the museum with technology journalist and internet safety advocate \u003ca href=\"http://www.larrysworld.com/about/\">Larry Magid\u003c/a>, to talk about our evolving standards for privacy and security online.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11679745/going-back-to-1993-unpacking-the-internet-then-and-now","authors":["11365"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_22586","news_637","news_3137","news_638","news_6226","news_1859","news_21278","news_353","news_21268","news_22018","news_28235","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_11679801","label":"news_72"},"news_11660802":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11660802","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11660802","score":null,"sort":[1523304296000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"will-robots-save-us-from-natural-disasters","title":"Could Robots Save Us From Natural Disasters?","publishDate":1523304296,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Perched atop the desks and wall shelves at \u003ca href=\"http://cast.caltech.edu\">Caltech's CAST lab\u003c/a> are an array of cutting-edge tech toys made by and for some of the country's top robotics brains. Then there's Buzz Lightyear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battery-powered \u003ci>Toy Story\u003c/i> action figure was a gift from Disney Research, and it's a sign of things to come at the brand-new autonomous systems research lab, which opened in October as a collaboration between Caltech and NASA's \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov\">Jet Propulsion Lab\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, says Soon-Jo Chung, a Caltech aerospace professor and JPL research scientist, CAST researchers hope to develop \"a robot that can walk or run and occasionally can fly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660829\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660829\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"Soon-Jo Chung, associate professor of aerospace at Caltech and a Jet Propulsion Laboratory research scientist, stands behind a scale model of the air ambulance. Its design is modeled on a puffer fish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-1020x703.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-960x662.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon-Jo Chung, associate professor of aerospace at Caltech and a Jet Propulsion Laboratory research scientist, stands behind a scale model of the air ambulance. Its design is modeled on a puffer fish. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A space-suited cartoon hero makes an appropriate mascot for a facility dedicated not only to creating self-reliant robots and drones, but to trumpeting their usefulness to the society of the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The philosophy of CAST is to try to create ... good robots, good partners that can help us to do what we want to do, better,” says CAST director and Caltech professor Morteza Gharib.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To that end, the lab has set a series of ambitious “moonshot” goals, among them, a future of robot “guardians\" -- artificially intelligent first responders that can monitor the environment for trouble like fires or earthquakes, and step in when disaster strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gharib envisions firefighting robots that could deploy when sensors detect wildfires, or earthquake monitors that could set up connectivity services for first responders when the Big One hits, \"like an Alexa for earthquakes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660832\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Graduate researcher Chris Dougherty prepares a scale model air ambulance robot for a demonstration flight.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graduate researcher Chris Dougherty prepares a scale model air ambulance robot for a demonstration flight. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first of these to take flight is what CAST engineers call an autonomous flying ambulance: a design for a self-flying, one-person rescue pod that Gharib imagines might one day zoom into disasters to rescue people who human first responders can't reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Project engineers envision something the size of a Prius, with folding airplane wings and helicopter rotors, able to fly itself and a passenger out of fires, mudslides and earthquake zones. A working scale model, the size of a backpack and made of high-density surfboard foam, takes design inspiration from beetles and blowfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it takes off amid a flurry of beeps and whirrs in CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena on a sunny morning, red-and-blue lights flash underneath. \"Because it's an ambulance, of course,\" says graduate researcher Chris Dougherty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engineers are teaching it to fly, unaided, in adverse conditions, with help from a drone-training wind machine that can simulate fire-season storm winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"The scale-model ambulance robot comes in for a landing at CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-800x530.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-960x637.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The scale-model ambulance robot comes in for a landing at CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the flashing emergency lights, the future of this technology isn't all about catastrophe. The capabilities CAST engineers are developing for the ambulance -- flying autonomously, handling adverse weather conditions, picking up and delivering cargo, people or payloads -- have potential applications from today's deliveries to tomorrow's defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CAST's work is funded in part by defense and aerospace companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.raytheon.com/news/feature/future_of_autonomy\">Raytheon and Aerovironment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a press release on the lab's inauguration in October, Raytheon pointed out that some of the lab's research “will be directed to topics of high interest to Raytheon,” including the autonomous navigation on which a self-flying air ambulance would rely. It has a team in place to adapt CAST-developed technologies for the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an era of heightened public concerns about the future of artificial intelligence, Gharib says applying autonomous systems research to disaster response is a feel-good way to both develop those capabilities and highlight robots' potential as human helpers. If you’re up at night worrying about a world overrun by robots, you might feel better knowing they’ve got your back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The scale-model ambulance robot sits on a desk at Caltech's CAST lab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The scale-model ambulance robot sits on a desk at Caltech's CAST lab. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That's why we came up with an ambulance, because hey, this is something to help us, not to harm us,” says Gharib. “Here, you don't take anybody's jobs. You're trying to help people. That's the strategy that we think it's important for centers like ours to take.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robot firefighting squads may still be a long way off, but an autonomous flying ambulance is on the horizon. Gharib says a full-scale working model could be ready in just three to five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans are shaping up to send a scale model on a solo test flight this summer from Caltech to JPL's campus a few miles away. If conditions are right, Chung says, its first passenger could be a symbol of one vision of a robotic future: Buzz Lightyear himself.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Caltech engineers envision a flying robot ambulance about the size of a Prius, able to rescue a passenger from fire, mudslide and earthquake zones.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1523323189,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":841},"headData":{"title":"Could Robots Save Us From Natural Disasters? | KQED","description":"Caltech engineers envision a flying robot ambulance about the size of a Prius, able to rescue a passenger from fire, mudslide and earthquake zones.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Could Robots Save Us From Natural Disasters?","datePublished":"2018-04-09T20:04:56.000Z","dateModified":"2018-04-10T01:19:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11660802 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11660802","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/09/will-robots-save-us-from-natural-disasters/","disqusTitle":"Could Robots Save Us From Natural Disasters?","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/04/DisasterRobotsHamiltonTCRAM180409.mp3","nprByline":"Valerie Hamilton","path":"/news/11660802/will-robots-save-us-from-natural-disasters","audioDuration":171000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Perched atop the desks and wall shelves at \u003ca href=\"http://cast.caltech.edu\">Caltech's CAST lab\u003c/a> are an array of cutting-edge tech toys made by and for some of the country's top robotics brains. Then there's Buzz Lightyear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battery-powered \u003ci>Toy Story\u003c/i> action figure was a gift from Disney Research, and it's a sign of things to come at the brand-new autonomous systems research lab, which opened in October as a collaboration between Caltech and NASA's \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov\">Jet Propulsion Lab\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, says Soon-Jo Chung, a Caltech aerospace professor and JPL research scientist, CAST researchers hope to develop \"a robot that can walk or run and occasionally can fly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660829\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660829\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"Soon-Jo Chung, associate professor of aerospace at Caltech and a Jet Propulsion Laboratory research scientist, stands behind a scale model of the air ambulance. Its design is modeled on a puffer fish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-1020x703.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-960x662.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CalTechChung-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon-Jo Chung, associate professor of aerospace at Caltech and a Jet Propulsion Laboratory research scientist, stands behind a scale model of the air ambulance. Its design is modeled on a puffer fish. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A space-suited cartoon hero makes an appropriate mascot for a facility dedicated not only to creating self-reliant robots and drones, but to trumpeting their usefulness to the society of the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The philosophy of CAST is to try to create ... good robots, good partners that can help us to do what we want to do, better,” says CAST director and Caltech professor Morteza Gharib.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To that end, the lab has set a series of ambitious “moonshot” goals, among them, a future of robot “guardians\" -- artificially intelligent first responders that can monitor the environment for trouble like fires or earthquakes, and step in when disaster strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gharib envisions firefighting robots that could deploy when sensors detect wildfires, or earthquake monitors that could set up connectivity services for first responders when the Big One hits, \"like an Alexa for earthquakes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660832\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Graduate researcher Chris Dougherty prepares a scale model air ambulance robot for a demonstration flight.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DoughertyWithRobot-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graduate researcher Chris Dougherty prepares a scale model air ambulance robot for a demonstration flight. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first of these to take flight is what CAST engineers call an autonomous flying ambulance: a design for a self-flying, one-person rescue pod that Gharib imagines might one day zoom into disasters to rescue people who human first responders can't reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Project engineers envision something the size of a Prius, with folding airplane wings and helicopter rotors, able to fly itself and a passenger out of fires, mudslides and earthquake zones. A working scale model, the size of a backpack and made of high-density surfboard foam, takes design inspiration from beetles and blowfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it takes off amid a flurry of beeps and whirrs in CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena on a sunny morning, red-and-blue lights flash underneath. \"Because it's an ambulance, of course,\" says graduate researcher Chris Dougherty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engineers are teaching it to fly, unaided, in adverse conditions, with help from a drone-training wind machine that can simulate fire-season storm winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"The scale-model ambulance robot comes in for a landing at CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-800x530.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-960x637.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/DroneLands-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The scale-model ambulance robot comes in for a landing at CAST's indoor-outdoor drone arena. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the flashing emergency lights, the future of this technology isn't all about catastrophe. The capabilities CAST engineers are developing for the ambulance -- flying autonomously, handling adverse weather conditions, picking up and delivering cargo, people or payloads -- have potential applications from today's deliveries to tomorrow's defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CAST's work is funded in part by defense and aerospace companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.raytheon.com/news/feature/future_of_autonomy\">Raytheon and Aerovironment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a press release on the lab's inauguration in October, Raytheon pointed out that some of the lab's research “will be directed to topics of high interest to Raytheon,” including the autonomous navigation on which a self-flying air ambulance would rely. It has a team in place to adapt CAST-developed technologies for the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an era of heightened public concerns about the future of artificial intelligence, Gharib says applying autonomous systems research to disaster response is a feel-good way to both develop those capabilities and highlight robots' potential as human helpers. If you’re up at night worrying about a world overrun by robots, you might feel better knowing they’ve got your back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The scale-model ambulance robot sits on a desk at Caltech's CAST lab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RobotAmbulanceWLaptop-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The scale-model ambulance robot sits on a desk at Caltech's CAST lab. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That's why we came up with an ambulance, because hey, this is something to help us, not to harm us,” says Gharib. “Here, you don't take anybody's jobs. You're trying to help people. That's the strategy that we think it's important for centers like ours to take.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robot firefighting squads may still be a long way off, but an autonomous flying ambulance is on the horizon. Gharib says a full-scale working model could be ready in just three to five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans are shaping up to send a scale model on a solo test flight this summer from Caltech to JPL's campus a few miles away. If conditions are right, Chung says, its first passenger could be a symbol of one vision of a robotic future: Buzz Lightyear himself.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11660802/will-robots-save-us-from-natural-disasters","authors":["byline_news_11660802"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_356","news_248"],"tags":["news_17959","news_355","news_21278"],"featImg":"news_11660824","label":"news_72"},"news_11654028":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11654028","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11654028","score":null,"sort":[1520293225000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"flippy-the-fast-food-robot-sort-of-mans-the-grill-at-caliburger","title":"'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger","publishDate":1520293225,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>After months of practice in the art of fast-food preparation, \"Flippy,\" has finally taken up a position as grill cook on the line at Caliburger's Pasadena restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a fun job — it's hot, it's greasy, it's dirty,\" acknowledges John Miller, the CEO of Cali Group, which runs the international fast-food chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, it could be the beginning of a bright career for Flippy in an industry that is otherwise notorious for high employee turnover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly helps that Flippy, a burger-flipping robot developed by Miso Robotics, shows no concern about the low wages, meager benefits or long hours that plague the industry. The robot is reportedly capable of grilling 150 burgers per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180305005300/en/Flippy-World%E2%80%99s-Autonomous-Robotic-Kitchen-Assistant-Cooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from Miso, the company — which bills Flippy as the world's first burger-flipping robot — began working with Caliburger two years ago to develop it as a \"cost-effective and highly efficient solution\" that is \"specifically designed to operate in an existing commercial kitchen layout and to serve alongside kitchen staff to safely and efficiently fulfill a variety of cooking tasks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Restaurant Robots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11614970/robots-making-pizza-still-need-a-human-touch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robots Making Pizza Still Need a Human Touch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The kitchen of the future will always have people in it, but we see that kitchen as having people and robots,\" David Zito, co-founder and CEO of Miso Robotics, \u003ca href=\"http://ktla.com/2018/03/05/flippy-the-burger-flipping-robot-is-now-cooking-at-the-caliburger-fast-food-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told KTLA\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. \"This technology is not about replacing jobs — we see Flippy as that third hand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its current version, Flippy needs a human co-worker to place the patties on the grill, put the cheese on top at the right moment and add the extras, such as lettuce and sauce, before wrapping the sandwiches for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Flippy robot takes the form of a relatively small, wheeled cart equipped with a 6-axis robotic arm and what Miso Robotics calls a sensor bar,\" \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/07/meet-flippy-a-burger-grilling-robot-from-miso-robotics-and-caliburger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TechCrunch writes.\u003c/a> \"It takes in data from thermal sensors, 3-D sensors and different cameras onboard to perceive its environment. Digital systems that send tickets from the counter back to the kitchen give Flippy its orders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TechCrunch says unlike rival burger bots under development, such as one made by Momentum Machines, Flippy uses artificial intelligence to improve its technique – so the more it works, the better it gets at the job, in much the same way that might be expected from a human worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website adds: \"A range of different tools, like detachable grippers, tongs and scrapers, help Flippy to cook burgers made to order, and keep a grill operating smoothly. A pneumatic pump allows the robot to swap out its own tools. Combined with Miso Robotics' AI, this range of tools will allow Flippy to make more than burgers over time, including chicken, bacon, grilled onions and other items that tend to be served in burger restaurants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its deal with Miso, Caliburger gets exclusive rights to use the services of Flippy for six months, but thereafter, other fast-food vendors would be allowed to buy the robot. In its current form, Flippy runs about $60,000 per unit, but the price could go up as it becomes more sophisticated and versatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the robot is operating only in a single Southern California Caliburger restaurant, but the chain has plans for expansion within the U.S. after a trial period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Miso and Caliburger emphasize that Flippy will be part of an integrated, part-robot, part-human kitchen, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages#part3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report by the McKinsey Global Institute\u003c/a> last year, fast food was among the industries most vulnerable to automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Flippy%27+The+Fast+Food+Robot+%28Sort+Of%29+Mans+The+Grill+At+Caliburger&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The international burger chain says Flippy, which so far is operating only at a restaurant in Pasadena, can grill 150 burgers per hour.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1520383949,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":624},"headData":{"title":"'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger | KQED","description":"The international burger chain says Flippy, which so far is operating only at a restaurant in Pasadena, can grill 150 burgers per hour.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger","datePublished":"2018-03-05T23:40:25.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-07T00:52:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11654028 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11654028","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/03/05/flippy-the-fast-food-robot-sort-of-mans-the-grill-at-caliburger/","disqusTitle":"'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"www.npr.org","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/131724812/scott-neuman\">Scott Neuman\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"Miso Robotics","nprStoryId":"590884388","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=590884388&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/05/590884388/flippy-the-fast-food-robot-sort-of-mans-the-grill-at-caliburger?ft=nprml&f=590884388","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 05 Mar 2018 13:32:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 05 Mar 2018 13:26:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 05 Mar 2018 13:33:08 -0500","path":"/news/11654028/flippy-the-fast-food-robot-sort-of-mans-the-grill-at-caliburger","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After months of practice in the art of fast-food preparation, \"Flippy,\" has finally taken up a position as grill cook on the line at Caliburger's Pasadena restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a fun job — it's hot, it's greasy, it's dirty,\" acknowledges John Miller, the CEO of Cali Group, which runs the international fast-food chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, it could be the beginning of a bright career for Flippy in an industry that is otherwise notorious for high employee turnover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly helps that Flippy, a burger-flipping robot developed by Miso Robotics, shows no concern about the low wages, meager benefits or long hours that plague the industry. The robot is reportedly capable of grilling 150 burgers per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180305005300/en/Flippy-World%E2%80%99s-Autonomous-Robotic-Kitchen-Assistant-Cooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from Miso, the company — which bills Flippy as the world's first burger-flipping robot — began working with Caliburger two years ago to develop it as a \"cost-effective and highly efficient solution\" that is \"specifically designed to operate in an existing commercial kitchen layout and to serve alongside kitchen staff to safely and efficiently fulfill a variety of cooking tasks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Restaurant Robots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11614970/robots-making-pizza-still-need-a-human-touch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robots Making Pizza Still Need a Human Touch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The kitchen of the future will always have people in it, but we see that kitchen as having people and robots,\" David Zito, co-founder and CEO of Miso Robotics, \u003ca href=\"http://ktla.com/2018/03/05/flippy-the-burger-flipping-robot-is-now-cooking-at-the-caliburger-fast-food-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told KTLA\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. \"This technology is not about replacing jobs — we see Flippy as that third hand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its current version, Flippy needs a human co-worker to place the patties on the grill, put the cheese on top at the right moment and add the extras, such as lettuce and sauce, before wrapping the sandwiches for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Flippy robot takes the form of a relatively small, wheeled cart equipped with a 6-axis robotic arm and what Miso Robotics calls a sensor bar,\" \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/07/meet-flippy-a-burger-grilling-robot-from-miso-robotics-and-caliburger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TechCrunch writes.\u003c/a> \"It takes in data from thermal sensors, 3-D sensors and different cameras onboard to perceive its environment. Digital systems that send tickets from the counter back to the kitchen give Flippy its orders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TechCrunch says unlike rival burger bots under development, such as one made by Momentum Machines, Flippy uses artificial intelligence to improve its technique – so the more it works, the better it gets at the job, in much the same way that might be expected from a human worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website adds: \"A range of different tools, like detachable grippers, tongs and scrapers, help Flippy to cook burgers made to order, and keep a grill operating smoothly. A pneumatic pump allows the robot to swap out its own tools. Combined with Miso Robotics' AI, this range of tools will allow Flippy to make more than burgers over time, including chicken, bacon, grilled onions and other items that tend to be served in burger restaurants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its deal with Miso, Caliburger gets exclusive rights to use the services of Flippy for six months, but thereafter, other fast-food vendors would be allowed to buy the robot. In its current form, Flippy runs about $60,000 per unit, but the price could go up as it becomes more sophisticated and versatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the robot is operating only in a single Southern California Caliburger restaurant, but the chain has plans for expansion within the U.S. after a trial period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Miso and Caliburger emphasize that Flippy will be part of an integrated, part-robot, part-human kitchen, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages#part3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report by the McKinsey Global Institute\u003c/a> last year, fast food was among the industries most vulnerable to automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Flippy%27+The+Fast+Food+Robot+%28Sort+Of%29+Mans+The+Grill+At+Caliburger&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11654028/flippy-the-fast-food-robot-sort-of-mans-the-grill-at-caliburger","authors":["byline_news_11654028"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_22714","news_21278","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11654029","label":"source_news_11654028"},"futureofyou_439807":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_439807","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"439807","score":null,"sort":[1519678900000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to","title":"Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to","publishDate":1519678900,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":1096,"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>We spend a lot of time talking to Alexa and Siri. Imagine if such artificial personalities were put inside a cute, adorable robot. That's what Alexander Reben has done. The artist created what he saw as the perfect interview machine to see how much he could get people to reveal to the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben's experiments with human robot interactions began when he was working on his master's degree in robotics at MIT. He built a robot called \u003ca href=\"http://resenv.media.mit.edu/Boxie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boxie\u003c/a>. It was made of cardboard, about the size of a microwave oven, and rolled around like a toy tank.[contextly_sidebar id=\"yz0kM6ZG84eg4i4rxTL7lsT0kMn9aLm9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you walked into the lab at MIT, Boxie would approach with its big, round black eyes wide open and ask you for help getting upstairs or going down the hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben wanted to see how many people would help the robot. He wondered, could you build cheaper robots without legs that could get around with help from humans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, one day, something happened that would change the course of Reben's work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life.'\u003ccite>Judith Helfand\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It started with a man walking into the lab and Boxie rolling up to greet him. \"I saw him from a distance, laying on the carpet in the middle of the lab talking to this robot on the ground,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man began to share his troubles with Boxie. He had never been to Boston before and he'd come to take part in the marathon. The man \"just started talking to this thing like it was another person,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man told the robot that he was supposed to go to Munich, but his flight was canceled because of a volcanic eruption in Iceland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was a revelation for Reben. He realized that the characteristics that made people want to help Boxie also seduced them into talking with the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, it was cute and seemed vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben teamed up with another artist and filmmaker, Brent Hoff, to see whether they could design a robot that would make people want to open up. They carved a smile into its face. \"It's the perfect smile. It's kind of a Mona Lisa smile,\" Hoff says. \"It's open and engaging to make sure [it] was as nonjudgmental and nonthreatening as possible.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"2iIvqmnB8RUBK8Dpjga3ECr8rh8Wtlbk\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They gave it the sweet voice of Hoff's 8-year-old son. And they taped him asking carefully chosen questions. \"There was some consideration of what are the deepest, most important questions we have as people,\" Hoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It asked things like, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" or \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it had a camera and a recorder inside it to catch the answers. They called the new robot \u003ca href=\"http://areben.com/project/blabdroid/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BlabDroid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea,\" says Hoff, \"is that there is not as much judgment in a robot asking you a question as a journalist\" would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoff says he doesn't know for sure whether that's true, but he wanted to find out. And so did I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We set up a loose experiment. I would ask people the same questions as BlabDroid and — like the robot — there wouldn't be any follow-up questions. We tried the experiment a few times: once at an art opening and once at the Exploratorium, a science museum in San Francisco; we also listened to responses BlabDroid had collected at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can click on the audio below to listen to the two examples. Try to guess whether the person was talking to me or the robot before you read further.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588054239\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588055297\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nThe first one is Nate Mazur, who was asked, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" He replies, \"My wife.\" Mazur opens up about the wonders of their relationship. He says he loves her most because of his \"ability to be with her, to be present with her. To respond and interact. ... She makes this a better world,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second example was Judith Helfand. She was asked, \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\" She broke into tears as she spoke about her dying mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would give my mother the gift of not worrying about me before she dies,\" Helfand says. \"She wants me to lose a ton of weight and get really, really healthy. And she needs to see that before she dies ... and I wish I could give her that and I'm not positive I can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the answers are sincere and from the heart. Mazur spoke to me and Helfand was talking to BlabDroid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helfand found something satisfying about talking to the machine. \"The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been over two years since her mother died. Helfand lost the weight, but she is struggling with her career. She thinks the robot would be helpful. \"Mediation really isn't really working for me,\" Helfand says. \"I can't seem to find the courage to sit and write down what my future plans are so that I can make them really happen.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"0QqjSUSqTOgQ0iX4yALrApbCEjnw9Xay\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/10/18/163098594/in-constant-digital-contact-we-feel-alone-together\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sherry Turkle\u003c/a>, a professor of science and technology at MIT, to listen to the responses. She couldn't tell whether people were talking to BlabDroid or me. Turkle has been studying human-machine relationships for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it really doesn't take much to get humans to open up to a robot. \"We are kind of cheap dates,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlabDroid — with its sweet voice, Mona Lisa smile and probing questions — is \"pushing in us a kind of Darwinian button,\" Turkle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says robots don't even have to be cute. In her research she found a child who vented to Apple's Siri on an iPhone. Turkle says the child would vent on the phone about her anger toward her sister and her parents \"because, in person, she tries to always play the good daughter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turkle says over time, the child wasn't happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was almost a feeling of abandonment,\" Turkle says. \"There's no place they can go after they get the confession.\" She says robots can't offer certain very human things — like care, conversation and empathy. \"And the robot cannot do that because the robot has not had a life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science-fiction author William Gibson once said, \"The future is already here; it's just not very evenly distributed yet.\" In Japan, robots are being used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/business/21731677-around-5000-nursing-care-homes-across-country-are-testing-robots-japan-embracing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">care for the elderly\u003c/a>. Men are having relationships with virtual women who exist only in a portable video game — even taking them out on dates. An American company has created \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-vegas-tipsy-robot-bar-20170704-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">robot bartenders\u003c/a>. In the future, perhaps they will listen to our problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben knows there is a downside to social robots. But he also sees a place for them in the future. He thinks a cute robot might do a better job of getting people to answer survey questions or talk about embarrassing symptoms before seeing a doctor. Reben says \"people tend to be more honest because they don't feel embarrassed telling that to something that's not human.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an artist, what Reben hopes to accomplish with BlabDroid is to force us to think about the implications of bringing more robots into our society knowing full well that they are coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sometimes+We+Feel+More+Comfortable+Talking+To+A+Robot&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"An artist created a robot named BlabDroid to see if it could fulfill our deep need for companionship. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1519750638,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1287},"headData":{"title":"Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to | KQED","description":"An artist created a robot named BlabDroid to see if it could fulfill our deep need for companionship. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to","datePublished":"2018-02-26T21:01:40.000Z","dateModified":"2018-02-27T16:57:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"439807 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439807","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/26/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to/","disqusTitle":"Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to","nprByline":"Laura Sydell\u003cbr />NPR All Tech Considered","nprImageAgency":"Jenn Liv for NPR","nprStoryId":"583682556","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=583682556&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2018/02/24/583682556/sometimes-we-feel-more-comfortable-talking-to-a-robot?ft=nprml&f=583682556","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 26 Feb 2018 09:45:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Sat, 24 Feb 2018 08:08:02 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 26 Feb 2018 09:45:52 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/02/20180224_wesat_sometimes_we_feel_more_comfortable_talking_to_a_robot.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1588500161-678695.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556","path":"/futureofyou/439807/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/02/20180224_wesat_sometimes_we_feel_more_comfortable_talking_to_a_robot.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We spend a lot of time talking to Alexa and Siri. Imagine if such artificial personalities were put inside a cute, adorable robot. That's what Alexander Reben has done. The artist created what he saw as the perfect interview machine to see how much he could get people to reveal to the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben's experiments with human robot interactions began when he was working on his master's degree in robotics at MIT. He built a robot called \u003ca href=\"http://resenv.media.mit.edu/Boxie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boxie\u003c/a>. It was made of cardboard, about the size of a microwave oven, and rolled around like a toy tank.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you walked into the lab at MIT, Boxie would approach with its big, round black eyes wide open and ask you for help getting upstairs or going down the hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben wanted to see how many people would help the robot. He wondered, could you build cheaper robots without legs that could get around with help from humans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, one day, something happened that would change the course of Reben's work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life.'\u003ccite>Judith Helfand\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It started with a man walking into the lab and Boxie rolling up to greet him. \"I saw him from a distance, laying on the carpet in the middle of the lab talking to this robot on the ground,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man began to share his troubles with Boxie. He had never been to Boston before and he'd come to take part in the marathon. The man \"just started talking to this thing like it was another person,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man told the robot that he was supposed to go to Munich, but his flight was canceled because of a volcanic eruption in Iceland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was a revelation for Reben. He realized that the characteristics that made people want to help Boxie also seduced them into talking with the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, it was cute and seemed vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben teamed up with another artist and filmmaker, Brent Hoff, to see whether they could design a robot that would make people want to open up. They carved a smile into its face. \"It's the perfect smile. It's kind of a Mona Lisa smile,\" Hoff says. \"It's open and engaging to make sure [it] was as nonjudgmental and nonthreatening as possible.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They gave it the sweet voice of Hoff's 8-year-old son. And they taped him asking carefully chosen questions. \"There was some consideration of what are the deepest, most important questions we have as people,\" Hoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It asked things like, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" or \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it had a camera and a recorder inside it to catch the answers. They called the new robot \u003ca href=\"http://areben.com/project/blabdroid/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BlabDroid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea,\" says Hoff, \"is that there is not as much judgment in a robot asking you a question as a journalist\" would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoff says he doesn't know for sure whether that's true, but he wanted to find out. And so did I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We set up a loose experiment. I would ask people the same questions as BlabDroid and — like the robot — there wouldn't be any follow-up questions. We tried the experiment a few times: once at an art opening and once at the Exploratorium, a science museum in San Francisco; we also listened to responses BlabDroid had collected at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can click on the audio below to listen to the two examples. Try to guess whether the person was talking to me or the robot before you read further.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588054239\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588055297\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nThe first one is Nate Mazur, who was asked, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" He replies, \"My wife.\" Mazur opens up about the wonders of their relationship. He says he loves her most because of his \"ability to be with her, to be present with her. To respond and interact. ... She makes this a better world,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second example was Judith Helfand. She was asked, \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\" She broke into tears as she spoke about her dying mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would give my mother the gift of not worrying about me before she dies,\" Helfand says. \"She wants me to lose a ton of weight and get really, really healthy. And she needs to see that before she dies ... and I wish I could give her that and I'm not positive I can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the answers are sincere and from the heart. Mazur spoke to me and Helfand was talking to BlabDroid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helfand found something satisfying about talking to the machine. \"The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been over two years since her mother died. Helfand lost the weight, but she is struggling with her career. She thinks the robot would be helpful. \"Mediation really isn't really working for me,\" Helfand says. \"I can't seem to find the courage to sit and write down what my future plans are so that I can make them really happen.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/10/18/163098594/in-constant-digital-contact-we-feel-alone-together\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sherry Turkle\u003c/a>, a professor of science and technology at MIT, to listen to the responses. She couldn't tell whether people were talking to BlabDroid or me. Turkle has been studying human-machine relationships for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it really doesn't take much to get humans to open up to a robot. \"We are kind of cheap dates,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlabDroid — with its sweet voice, Mona Lisa smile and probing questions — is \"pushing in us a kind of Darwinian button,\" Turkle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says robots don't even have to be cute. In her research she found a child who vented to Apple's Siri on an iPhone. Turkle says the child would vent on the phone about her anger toward her sister and her parents \"because, in person, she tries to always play the good daughter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turkle says over time, the child wasn't happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was almost a feeling of abandonment,\" Turkle says. \"There's no place they can go after they get the confession.\" She says robots can't offer certain very human things — like care, conversation and empathy. \"And the robot cannot do that because the robot has not had a life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science-fiction author William Gibson once said, \"The future is already here; it's just not very evenly distributed yet.\" In Japan, robots are being used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/business/21731677-around-5000-nursing-care-homes-across-country-are-testing-robots-japan-embracing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">care for the elderly\u003c/a>. Men are having relationships with virtual women who exist only in a portable video game — even taking them out on dates. An American company has created \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-vegas-tipsy-robot-bar-20170704-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">robot bartenders\u003c/a>. In the future, perhaps they will listen to our problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben knows there is a downside to social robots. But he also sees a place for them in the future. He thinks a cute robot might do a better job of getting people to answer survey questions or talk about embarrassing symptoms before seeing a doctor. Reben says \"people tend to be more honest because they don't feel embarrassed telling that to something that's not human.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an artist, what Reben hopes to accomplish with BlabDroid is to force us to think about the implications of bringing more robots into our society knowing full well that they are coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sometimes+We+Feel+More+Comfortable+Talking+To+A+Robot&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/439807/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to","authors":["byline_futureofyou_439807"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73","futureofyou_1061"],"tags":["futureofyou_592","futureofyou_190","futureofyou_204","futureofyou_722","futureofyou_35"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093","futureofyou_1096"],"featImg":"futureofyou_439831","label":"futureofyou_1096"},"news_11648626":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11648626","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11648626","score":null,"sort":[1518044480000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"twitters-robot-invasion","title":"Twitter's Bot Invasion","publishDate":1518044480,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Millions of phony accounts have flooded Twitter, with bots designed to automatically retweet posts and artificially inflate follower counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioretwitterbots\">ways to determine\u003c/a> whether you are being followed by a real live human follower or a bot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the era of fake followers, real human followers who actually interact -- and are more than just a number -- are becoming even more valuable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Bots have flooded Twitter, do you know how to spot them? What's a real human follower worth?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1518044496,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":64},"headData":{"title":"Twitter's Bot Invasion | KQED","description":"Bots have flooded Twitter, do you know how to spot them? What's a real human follower worth?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Twitter's Bot Invasion","datePublished":"2018-02-07T23:01:20.000Z","dateModified":"2018-02-07T23:01:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11648626 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11648626","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/07/twitters-robot-invasion/","disqusTitle":"Twitter's Bot Invasion","path":"/news/11648626/twitters-robot-invasion","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Millions of phony accounts have flooded Twitter, with bots designed to automatically retweet posts and artificially inflate follower counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioretwitterbots\">ways to determine\u003c/a> whether you are being followed by a real live human follower or a bot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the era of fake followers, real human followers who actually interact -- and are more than just a number -- are becoming even more valuable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11648626/twitters-robot-invasion","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_223","news_8","news_13","news_248"],"tags":["news_20150","news_20949","news_21278","news_346"],"featImg":"news_11648650","label":"news_18515"},"news_11648567":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11648567","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11648567","score":null,"sort":[1518042132000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"robots-help-reduce-port-pollution-but-they-also-steal-jobs","title":"Robots Help Reduce Port Pollution -- But They Also Steal Jobs","publishDate":1518042132,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A foul-mouthed longshoreman named Frank Gaskin pointed his phone at a chain link fence at the Port of Long Beach last summer and made a video of the robots that had taken his and his buddies’ jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, flatbed carts glide by carrying cargo containers around the dock. They’re self-driving, guided by computers and magnets beneath the pavement. As one passes soundlessly near the fence, Gaskin yells, “f--- you automation mother f-----!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 21 of the 22 docks at the Port of Long Beach, most of the work of loading and unloading cargo from containers ships is still done by people, not by robots. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Long Beach Container Terminal, which opened in April 2016, is an exception. It requires two-thirds fewer workers than traditional terminals. And that frightens the International Longshore and Warehouse Union, which controls all the jobs at the docks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This video contains profanity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvrPcgM5cH4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But viewed from another perspective, automation is part of the solution to one of Southern California’s most vexing environmental problems: the worst air pollution in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diesel trucks and equipment are the largest contributors to that air pollution, and the ports are the largest single source of those emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the automated carts at the Long Beach Container Terminal run on electricity, which can be generated by natural gas or renewable energy. Look closely as the cart nears Gaskin’s camera, and you can see the words, written in bright white letters on a green background, “zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaskin captioned his video: “Automation in Long Beach Container Terminal will hurt everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what if automating is also a way to help everyone by cleaning the air and fighting climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where People Run the Port\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To understand how radically different the Long Beach Container Terminal is, you first have to visit a traditional terminal, where people control each piece of equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Herrera, the vice president of the ILWU Local 13, took me on a tour of the Everport Terminal at the Port of Los Angeles. He pointed out workers unloading containers, driving forklifts and operating cranes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone you see, those are longshoremen,” Herrera said proudly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648613\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crane lifts a container from the Hanjin Greece container ship at the Port of Long Beach in 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crane lifts a container from the Hanjin Greece container ship at the Port of Long Beach in 2016. \u003ccite>(DAVID MCNEW/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are just over 14,000 unionized longshoremen on the West Coast, but that number is half of what it was in 1960. That's even though the ports move more than 14 times as much cargo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ILWU’s founder, Harry Bridges, started preparing for automation in the 1950s. At that time, \"automation\" came in the form of containers that replaced individual bales, bundles and boxes of goods to be shipped. The containers carried more cargo and required fewer hands. Bridges signed an agreement with the terminal operators allowing that, but he did so only after ensuring his members got higher pay and pension guarantees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And any new equipment they used would have to be operated by union workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if it comes down to one person pushing one button to run a whole port,” Bridges reportedly said, “that person will be union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That agreement largely remains in place, and ILWU members are among the best compensated blue-collar workers in the U.S. They receive an average salary of $155,000 a year, pay almost nothing for their health insurance, and get up to six weeks of paid vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longshoremen owe their leverage to the fact that, unlike factories and auto plants, ports cannot be outsourced.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where Machines Run the Port\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ports can also be run by machines and computers, and, increasingly, robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My tour with Herrera continued as we headed across a towering bridge toward the Port of Long Beach and the Long Beach Container Terminal. Herrera’s mood changed as he looked across the water and saw remotely operated cranes and self-driving trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://giphy.com/embed/l0HUkguLk0Afp8LfO\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" class=\"giphy-embed\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://giphy.com/gifs/l0HUkguLk0Afp8LfO\">via GIPHY\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me sick to my stomach,\" he said, tightening his hands on the steering wheel. \"I look at this place, and I do not like what it stands for. These machines get rid of men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'd tried for weeks, unsuccessfully, to get into the Long Beach Container Terminal on my own. I even got so far as to get their president, Anthony Otto, on the phone. He agreed to show me around, but said I couldn’t record any audio, take any pictures, or quote him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, the morning of the tour, he canceled. “It’s a sensitive time for us,” he said, referring me to his PR firm for further explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm didn’t return my call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the ILWU can enter the terminal at any time and bring guests. Herrera had invited me to come along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He drove us into the terminal, and we stopped in front of LBCT’s 48 stacking cranes. They load containers onto semi-trucks that haul them out of the port to distribution warehouses. In a traditional terminal, workers operate them from booths on top, but in the LBCT, four people can control all 48 cranes at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The same guy who used to drive the crane out in the yard eight hours a day is now doing it from a remote console, sipping coffee and listening to light music in air conditioning,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JIrPWW6r1uo&t=5s\">Otto said in a YouTube video\u003c/a> touting the benefits of automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ILWU estimates that two-thirds of the longshore jobs at LBCT have disappeared due to automation. Neither Otto nor anyone else from LBCT would confirm the number of jobs lost, nor comment on the record for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they say automation creates opportunities for new kinds of jobs, like mechanics to maintain the self-driving vehicles. And, they say, their robots are cleaner than the diesel fueled, human-controlled machines they’re replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Long Beach Container Terminal emits 85 percent less diesel soot, 58 percent less nitrogen oxide (a component of smog), and 33 percent less carbon dioxide than a traditional dock at the ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those kinds of reductions give Adrian Martinez, an environmental lawyer with Earthjustice, a very different take on the automated equipment at LBCT than guys like Gary Herrera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s exciting to see zero emissions equipment actually on the terminal,” Martinez said. “Because from a basic level, we’re not going to solve the air pollution crisis in the Los Angeles area until we eliminate port and freight pollution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-800x466.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"466\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11648608\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-800x466.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-160x93.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-1020x595.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-960x560.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-240x140.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-375x219.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-520x303.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, More Robots?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In November 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/11/02/77259/ports-to-vote-to-spend-up-to-14-billion-to-clean-u/\">the Port of Long Beach and the neighboring Port of Los Angeles pledged\u003c/a> to dramatically slash their emissions by phasing out internal combustion engines. Their goal is to replace all diesel trucks and cargo-handling equipment with zero-emissions equivalents by 2035. Usually that means electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big question is whether the ports’ new mandate will lead to more automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, electric cargo-handling equipment is more than twice as expensive as its diesel equivalent. That could lead terminal operators to choose to automate to save on labor costs, said Thomas Jelenic, who represents terminal operators as the vice president of the Pacific Merchant Shipping Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People generally won’t seek out automation in and of itself unless they can justify it in some way,” he said. “But if they’re forced to electrify, the costs of electrification then dictate the need to automate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mark Sisson, a port planner with the consulting firm AECOM, thinks concerns about price are overblown. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the price of electric cargo-handling equipment will drop now that there’s a mandate for the largest ports in the Western Hemisphere to buy it. And right now, at least three other marine terminals are testing human-controlled electric cargo equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rage Against the Machine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of all the automated equipment inside the Long Beach Container Terminal, it’s the 72 self-driving vehicles that elicit the strongest reaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the ones Frank Gaskin swore at in his video, and they’re the ones Gary Herrera glared as he stepped out of the SUV on the last stop on our tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They got rid of jobs, there’s no more drivers,” he said, looking across the fence at the little green carts. “And so this is why we’re skeptical at all when they wanna say zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of all the uncertainty, the ILWU isn’t taking any chances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB134\">Gov. Jerry Brown signed a budget bill \u003c/a>allocating $900 million from the sale of carbon permits under California’s cap and trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to $140 million will be sent to the ports for clean freight and ships, but the ILWU lobbied hard to ensure that none of it could be used for automated equipment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the terminals want to automate, they have to do it on their own.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Automated electric cranes and trucks are helping cut pollution at the Port of Long Beach. But they’re no friends of longshoremen.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1518042132,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":51,"wordCount":1537},"headData":{"title":"Robots Help Reduce Port Pollution -- But They Also Steal Jobs | KQED","description":"Automated electric cranes and trucks are helping cut pollution at the Port of Long Beach. But they’re no friends of longshoremen.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Robots Help Reduce Port Pollution -- But They Also Steal Jobs","datePublished":"2018-02-07T22:22:12.000Z","dateModified":"2018-02-07T22:22:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11648567 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11648567","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/07/robots-help-reduce-port-pollution-but-they-also-steal-jobs/","disqusTitle":"Robots Help Reduce Port Pollution -- But They Also Steal Jobs","source":"KPCC","sourceUrl":"https://www.scpr.org/","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/02/PortRobotsGuerin.mp3","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/about/people/staff/emily-guerin\">Emily Guerin\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11648567/robots-help-reduce-port-pollution-but-they-also-steal-jobs","audioDuration":262000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A foul-mouthed longshoreman named Frank Gaskin pointed his phone at a chain link fence at the Port of Long Beach last summer and made a video of the robots that had taken his and his buddies’ jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, flatbed carts glide by carrying cargo containers around the dock. They’re self-driving, guided by computers and magnets beneath the pavement. As one passes soundlessly near the fence, Gaskin yells, “f--- you automation mother f-----!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 21 of the 22 docks at the Port of Long Beach, most of the work of loading and unloading cargo from containers ships is still done by people, not by robots. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Long Beach Container Terminal, which opened in April 2016, is an exception. It requires two-thirds fewer workers than traditional terminals. And that frightens the International Longshore and Warehouse Union, which controls all the jobs at the docks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This video contains profanity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/fvrPcgM5cH4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/fvrPcgM5cH4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>But viewed from another perspective, automation is part of the solution to one of Southern California’s most vexing environmental problems: the worst air pollution in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diesel trucks and equipment are the largest contributors to that air pollution, and the ports are the largest single source of those emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the automated carts at the Long Beach Container Terminal run on electricity, which can be generated by natural gas or renewable energy. Look closely as the cart nears Gaskin’s camera, and you can see the words, written in bright white letters on a green background, “zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaskin captioned his video: “Automation in Long Beach Container Terminal will hurt everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what if automating is also a way to help everyone by cleaning the air and fighting climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where People Run the Port\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To understand how radically different the Long Beach Container Terminal is, you first have to visit a traditional terminal, where people control each piece of equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Herrera, the vice president of the ILWU Local 13, took me on a tour of the Everport Terminal at the Port of Los Angeles. He pointed out workers unloading containers, driving forklifts and operating cranes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone you see, those are longshoremen,” Herrera said proudly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648613\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crane lifts a container from the Hanjin Greece container ship at the Port of Long Beach in 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/PortofLongBeach-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crane lifts a container from the Hanjin Greece container ship at the Port of Long Beach in 2016. \u003ccite>(DAVID MCNEW/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are just over 14,000 unionized longshoremen on the West Coast, but that number is half of what it was in 1960. That's even though the ports move more than 14 times as much cargo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ILWU’s founder, Harry Bridges, started preparing for automation in the 1950s. At that time, \"automation\" came in the form of containers that replaced individual bales, bundles and boxes of goods to be shipped. The containers carried more cargo and required fewer hands. Bridges signed an agreement with the terminal operators allowing that, but he did so only after ensuring his members got higher pay and pension guarantees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And any new equipment they used would have to be operated by union workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if it comes down to one person pushing one button to run a whole port,” Bridges reportedly said, “that person will be union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That agreement largely remains in place, and ILWU members are among the best compensated blue-collar workers in the U.S. They receive an average salary of $155,000 a year, pay almost nothing for their health insurance, and get up to six weeks of paid vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longshoremen owe their leverage to the fact that, unlike factories and auto plants, ports cannot be outsourced.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where Machines Run the Port\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ports can also be run by machines and computers, and, increasingly, robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My tour with Herrera continued as we headed across a towering bridge toward the Port of Long Beach and the Long Beach Container Terminal. Herrera’s mood changed as he looked across the water and saw remotely operated cranes and self-driving trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://giphy.com/embed/l0HUkguLk0Afp8LfO\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" class=\"giphy-embed\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://giphy.com/gifs/l0HUkguLk0Afp8LfO\">via GIPHY\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me sick to my stomach,\" he said, tightening his hands on the steering wheel. \"I look at this place, and I do not like what it stands for. These machines get rid of men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'd tried for weeks, unsuccessfully, to get into the Long Beach Container Terminal on my own. I even got so far as to get their president, Anthony Otto, on the phone. He agreed to show me around, but said I couldn’t record any audio, take any pictures, or quote him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, the morning of the tour, he canceled. “It’s a sensitive time for us,” he said, referring me to his PR firm for further explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm didn’t return my call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the ILWU can enter the terminal at any time and bring guests. Herrera had invited me to come along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He drove us into the terminal, and we stopped in front of LBCT’s 48 stacking cranes. They load containers onto semi-trucks that haul them out of the port to distribution warehouses. In a traditional terminal, workers operate them from booths on top, but in the LBCT, four people can control all 48 cranes at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The same guy who used to drive the crane out in the yard eight hours a day is now doing it from a remote console, sipping coffee and listening to light music in air conditioning,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JIrPWW6r1uo&t=5s\">Otto said in a YouTube video\u003c/a> touting the benefits of automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ILWU estimates that two-thirds of the longshore jobs at LBCT have disappeared due to automation. Neither Otto nor anyone else from LBCT would confirm the number of jobs lost, nor comment on the record for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they say automation creates opportunities for new kinds of jobs, like mechanics to maintain the self-driving vehicles. And, they say, their robots are cleaner than the diesel fueled, human-controlled machines they’re replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Long Beach Container Terminal emits 85 percent less diesel soot, 58 percent less nitrogen oxide (a component of smog), and 33 percent less carbon dioxide than a traditional dock at the ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those kinds of reductions give Adrian Martinez, an environmental lawyer with Earthjustice, a very different take on the automated equipment at LBCT than guys like Gary Herrera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s exciting to see zero emissions equipment actually on the terminal,” Martinez said. “Because from a basic level, we’re not going to solve the air pollution crisis in the Los Angeles area until we eliminate port and freight pollution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-800x466.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"466\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11648608\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-800x466.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-160x93.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-1020x595.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-960x560.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-240x140.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-375x219.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf-520x303.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/KPCCgraf.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, More Robots?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In November 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/11/02/77259/ports-to-vote-to-spend-up-to-14-billion-to-clean-u/\">the Port of Long Beach and the neighboring Port of Los Angeles pledged\u003c/a> to dramatically slash their emissions by phasing out internal combustion engines. Their goal is to replace all diesel trucks and cargo-handling equipment with zero-emissions equivalents by 2035. Usually that means electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big question is whether the ports’ new mandate will lead to more automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, electric cargo-handling equipment is more than twice as expensive as its diesel equivalent. That could lead terminal operators to choose to automate to save on labor costs, said Thomas Jelenic, who represents terminal operators as the vice president of the Pacific Merchant Shipping Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People generally won’t seek out automation in and of itself unless they can justify it in some way,” he said. “But if they’re forced to electrify, the costs of electrification then dictate the need to automate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mark Sisson, a port planner with the consulting firm AECOM, thinks concerns about price are overblown. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the price of electric cargo-handling equipment will drop now that there’s a mandate for the largest ports in the Western Hemisphere to buy it. And right now, at least three other marine terminals are testing human-controlled electric cargo equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rage Against the Machine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of all the automated equipment inside the Long Beach Container Terminal, it’s the 72 self-driving vehicles that elicit the strongest reaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the ones Frank Gaskin swore at in his video, and they’re the ones Gary Herrera glared as he stepped out of the SUV on the last stop on our tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They got rid of jobs, there’s no more drivers,” he said, looking across the fence at the little green carts. “And so this is why we’re skeptical at all when they wanna say zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of all the uncertainty, the ILWU isn’t taking any chances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB134\">Gov. Jerry Brown signed a budget bill \u003c/a>allocating $900 million from the sale of carbon permits under California’s cap and trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to $140 million will be sent to the ports for clean freight and ships, but the ILWU lobbied hard to ensure that none of it could be used for automated equipment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the terminals want to automate, they have to do it on their own.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11648567/robots-help-reduce-port-pollution-but-they-also-steal-jobs","authors":["byline_news_11648567"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8","news_1397"],"tags":["news_2036","news_20205","news_19904","news_20436","news_21278","news_17286"],"affiliates":["news_7055"],"featImg":"news_11648571","label":"source_news_11648567"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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