Cannabis Leaders Say California's Recreational Pot Market Faltering
High-Flying Stock Deals
Bay Area Dispensaries Sign Big Deals With Canadian Cannabis Companies
More Pot Revenues May Start Flowing in California
California Lawmakers Kill State-Backed Bank for Pot Money
Some California Cities Fight to Ban Pot Deliveries
The Pot Breathalyzer is Here. Maybe
Illegal Pot Shops Disrupt California's Budding Legal Market
Measure to Slash State Marijuana Taxes Suffers Setback
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Prior to joining KQED in 2016, Katie was state government reporter for Capital Public Radio in Sacramento. She's also worked for KPBS in San Diego, where she covered City Hall.\r\n\r\nKatie received her masters degree in political science from San Diego State University and holds a Bachelors degree in broadcast journalism from Arizona State University.\r\n\r\nIn 2015 Katie won a national Clarion Award for a series of stories she did on women in California politics. She's been honored by the Society for Professional Journalists and, in 2013, was named by \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> as one of the country's top state Capitol reporters. She's also reported for the award-winning documentary series \u003cem>The View from Here \u003c/em>and was part of the team that won national PRNDI and Gabriel Awards in 2015. She lives in Sacramento with her husband. 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On Thursday, a group of them sent Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration a list of recommendations on how to fix it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final recommendations — obtained by KQED — call for, among other things, simplifying the permitting process, including appointing a cannabis director to the governor's office to coordinate state policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxes are another issue. They can reach as high as 40 percent in some parts of California. The industry group suggests reforming the cannabis tax structure and offering tax deductions and incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And getting a license can be prohibitively expensive for some cannabis businesses. The industry group recommends developing a loan program to help cover the cost of licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5746158-Making-a-Market-for-Cannabis-Recommendations-for.html\" width=800 height=800]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hezekiah Allen, with \u003ca href=\"http://www.emeraldgrown.com/?fbclid=IwAR3AZwGPpwbRf2Ju1B6U6hYbVQI56lWezkDmSVXLiqS2ZQmZwk1XEjDLts4\">Emerald Grown\u003c/a>, a federation of cannabis cooperatives, was part of the group that made the recommendations. He said that, so far, state and local governments have mostly failed at implementing legal pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 10 percent of the businesses have licenses. The market is in recession. Sales are actually contracted year to year from previous years,\" said Allen. \"No metric is indicating that legal cannabis is working in California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Allen, part of the problem is that not enough local jurisdictions are permitting cannabis operations. The industry group said more than 60 percent of cities and counties don't permit marijuana businesses. An estimated 20 million Californians don't have convenient access to legal cannabis. Among the recommendations is one to create incentives for more cities and counties to permit cannabis businesses and to offer grants and technical assistance to those that do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is also recommending the state prioritize which illegal cannabis businesses it cracks down on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They suggest the state focus on \"those operators who undermine legalization and present significant public health, safety or environmental risks” — for instance, large illegal marijuana operations on public lands that contaminate the environment — rather than small, unpermitted growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the growers he represents want the state to spend more on supporting the legal market rather than going after people who are trying to comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are not the criminals. These are small family businesses. They need help,\" said Allen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Allen, news that Gov. Newsom is going to send in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725301/gov-newsom-will-pull-california-national-guard-from-the-mexico-border\">National Guard troops to help combat illegal grows in Northern California\u003c/a> has upset small growers who feel like they’re already being kept out of the legal market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they called the move a \"slap in the face,\" and that small unpermitted growers are worried they'll be unfairly lumped together with large illegal operations that damage public lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sending the National Guard out to Northern California to go do something with cannabis is very different than prioritizing public lands, egregious environmental, worker abuse. You know, there are crimes that happen alongside unregulated cannabis cultivation which absolutely need to be a focus of more priority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with its recommendations, the group suggests the state spend $400 million over the next three years to help \"jump-start a robust legal cannabis market in California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"They're reaching out to the Newsom administration with recommendations on how to fix the legal market.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1550797905,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":550},"headData":{"title":"Cannabis Leaders Say California's Recreational Pot Market Faltering | KQED","description":"They're reaching out to the Newsom administration with recommendations on how to fix the legal market.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11727890 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11727890","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/21/cannabis-leaders-say-recreational-pot-market-faltering/","disqusTitle":"Cannabis Leaders Say California's Recreational Pot Market Faltering","path":"/news/11727890/cannabis-leaders-say-recreational-pot-market-faltering","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Leaders in the cannabis industry say \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11638056/everything-you-want-to-know-about-legal-weed-in-california-2\">California’s recreational marijuana market\u003c/a> is not working. On Thursday, a group of them sent Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration a list of recommendations on how to fix it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final recommendations — obtained by KQED — call for, among other things, simplifying the permitting process, including appointing a cannabis director to the governor's office to coordinate state policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxes are another issue. They can reach as high as 40 percent in some parts of California. The industry group suggests reforming the cannabis tax structure and offering tax deductions and incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And getting a license can be prohibitively expensive for some cannabis businesses. The industry group recommends developing a loan program to help cover the cost of licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"documentcloud","attributes":{"named":{"url":"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5746158-Making-a-Market-for-Cannabis-Recommendations-for.html","width":"800","height":"800","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hezekiah Allen, with \u003ca href=\"http://www.emeraldgrown.com/?fbclid=IwAR3AZwGPpwbRf2Ju1B6U6hYbVQI56lWezkDmSVXLiqS2ZQmZwk1XEjDLts4\">Emerald Grown\u003c/a>, a federation of cannabis cooperatives, was part of the group that made the recommendations. He said that, so far, state and local governments have mostly failed at implementing legal pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 10 percent of the businesses have licenses. The market is in recession. Sales are actually contracted year to year from previous years,\" said Allen. \"No metric is indicating that legal cannabis is working in California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Allen, part of the problem is that not enough local jurisdictions are permitting cannabis operations. The industry group said more than 60 percent of cities and counties don't permit marijuana businesses. An estimated 20 million Californians don't have convenient access to legal cannabis. Among the recommendations is one to create incentives for more cities and counties to permit cannabis businesses and to offer grants and technical assistance to those that do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is also recommending the state prioritize which illegal cannabis businesses it cracks down on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They suggest the state focus on \"those operators who undermine legalization and present significant public health, safety or environmental risks” — for instance, large illegal marijuana operations on public lands that contaminate the environment — rather than small, unpermitted growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the growers he represents want the state to spend more on supporting the legal market rather than going after people who are trying to comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are not the criminals. These are small family businesses. They need help,\" said Allen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Allen, news that Gov. Newsom is going to send in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725301/gov-newsom-will-pull-california-national-guard-from-the-mexico-border\">National Guard troops to help combat illegal grows in Northern California\u003c/a> has upset small growers who feel like they’re already being kept out of the legal market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they called the move a \"slap in the face,\" and that small unpermitted growers are worried they'll be unfairly lumped together with large illegal operations that damage public lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sending the National Guard out to Northern California to go do something with cannabis is very different than prioritizing public lands, egregious environmental, worker abuse. You know, there are crimes that happen alongside unregulated cannabis cultivation which absolutely need to be a focus of more priority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with its recommendations, the group suggests the state spend $400 million over the next three years to help \"jump-start a robust legal cannabis market in California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11727890/cannabis-leaders-say-recreational-pot-market-faltering","authors":["11200"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_19963","news_16","news_102","news_19895","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11640681","label":"news_72"},"news_11726005":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11726005","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11726005","score":null,"sort":[1550100550000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"high-flying-stock-deals","title":"High-Flying Stock Deals","publishDate":1550100550,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In a quest for capital, two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorecannabis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">multimillion-dollar deals\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://webfiles.thecse.com/resource/CSE_Cannabis_Stock_List.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">publicly traded\u003c/a> marijuana companies in Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it may not seem like it around here, marijuana is still illegal under federal law, which prevents California's legal dispensaries from accessing capital markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, in addition to their reputation as being very friendly, Canadians also have a reputation of legally investing in cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In a quest for capital, two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced multimillion-dollar deals with publicly traded marijuana companies in Canada. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1550108900,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":69},"headData":{"title":"High-Flying Stock Deals | KQED","description":"In a quest for capital, two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced multimillion-dollar deals with publicly traded marijuana companies in Canada. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11726005 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11726005","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/13/high-flying-stock-deals/","disqusTitle":"High-Flying Stock Deals","path":"/news/11726005/high-flying-stock-deals","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a quest for capital, two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorecannabis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">multimillion-dollar deals\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://webfiles.thecse.com/resource/CSE_Cannabis_Stock_List.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">publicly traded\u003c/a> marijuana companies in Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it may not seem like it around here, marijuana is still illegal under federal law, which prevents California's legal dispensaries from accessing capital markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, in addition to their reputation as being very friendly, Canadians also have a reputation of legally investing in cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11726005/high-flying-stock-deals","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_457","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_19963","news_2721","news_102","news_20949","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11726019","label":"news_18515"},"news_11725714":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11725714","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11725714","score":null,"sort":[1550070013000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-marijuana-dispensaries-sign-big-deals-north-of-the-border","title":"Bay Area Dispensaries Sign Big Deals With Canadian Cannabis Companies","publishDate":1550070013,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced big deals this week with publicly traded Canadian marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Apothecarium, which operates three popular dispensaries in San Francisco and one in Las Vegas, accepted an offer of $118 million in cash and stock from TerrAscend, a cannabis company in Toronto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate deal, Oakland-based Harborside, one of the largest dispensaries in the country, announced a new partnership with Lineage Grow Co., also in Toronto. The arrangement will allow Harborside to be listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange, a favored destination for U.S. marijuana businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two deals are subject to regulatory approvals in both countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, Canada became the first major world economy to legalize recreational marijuana (it’s also legal in Uruguay), and a growing number of U.S. cannabis businesses are looking north for investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a gigantic need for capital in the U.S. cannabis industry and because the capital markets in the United States are completely closed to us, we are forced to look elsewhere,\" Apothecarium CEO Ryan Hudson said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that despite the recent legalization of recreational marijuana in California, the industry is still illegal under federal law and completely excluded from any sanctioned U.S. market exchanges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as marijuana remains illegal federally, he added, California's marijuana industry will increasingly look for investors in Canada and other countries where the drug could soon be legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Apothecarium, which Hudson helped launch in 2011 following six failed tech startup ventures, now sells hundreds of cannabis products, including chocolate truffle edibles and beverages. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the business reported more than $45 million in revenue across its four operations in California and Nevada, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/terrascend-establishes-us-retail-footprint-300793041.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TerrAscend press release\u003c/a> announcing the acquisition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hudson said the business would continue to operate under the same name and management.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"More U.S. cannabis companies are looking for investors in Canada, where recreational marijuana sales are now legal. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1550088437,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":310},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Dispensaries Sign Big Deals With Canadian Cannabis Companies | KQED","description":"More U.S. cannabis companies are looking for investors in Canada, where recreational marijuana sales are now legal. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11725714 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11725714","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/13/bay-area-marijuana-dispensaries-sign-big-deals-north-of-the-border/","disqusTitle":"Bay Area Dispensaries Sign Big Deals With Canadian Cannabis Companies","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/02/SiegelCanadaCannabis.mp3","audioTrackLength":108,"path":"/news/11725714/bay-area-marijuana-dispensaries-sign-big-deals-north-of-the-border","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two Bay Area cannabis dispensaries announced big deals this week with publicly traded Canadian marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Apothecarium, which operates three popular dispensaries in San Francisco and one in Las Vegas, accepted an offer of $118 million in cash and stock from TerrAscend, a cannabis company in Toronto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate deal, Oakland-based Harborside, one of the largest dispensaries in the country, announced a new partnership with Lineage Grow Co., also in Toronto. The arrangement will allow Harborside to be listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange, a favored destination for U.S. marijuana businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two deals are subject to regulatory approvals in both countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, Canada became the first major world economy to legalize recreational marijuana (it’s also legal in Uruguay), and a growing number of U.S. cannabis businesses are looking north for investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a gigantic need for capital in the U.S. cannabis industry and because the capital markets in the United States are completely closed to us, we are forced to look elsewhere,\" Apothecarium CEO Ryan Hudson said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that despite the recent legalization of recreational marijuana in California, the industry is still illegal under federal law and completely excluded from any sanctioned U.S. market exchanges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as marijuana remains illegal federally, he added, California's marijuana industry will increasingly look for investors in Canada and other countries where the drug could soon be legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Apothecarium, which Hudson helped launch in 2011 following six failed tech startup ventures, now sells hundreds of cannabis products, including chocolate truffle edibles and beverages. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the business reported more than $45 million in revenue across its four operations in California and Nevada, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/terrascend-establishes-us-retail-footprint-300793041.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TerrAscend press release\u003c/a> announcing the acquisition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hudson said the business would continue to operate under the same name and management.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11725714/bay-area-marijuana-dispensaries-sign-big-deals-north-of-the-border","authors":["1263","11258"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8"],"tags":["news_19963","news_5279","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11640579","label":"news_72"},"news_11708852":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11708852","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11708852","score":null,"sort":[1543482048000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"more-pot-revenues-may-start-flowing-in-california","title":"More Pot Revenues May Start Flowing in California","publishDate":1543482048,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>When voters legalized recreational marijuana in California through Proposition 64, many expected a windfall of tax revenue. That hasn’t quite panned out yet, but some more money could start flowing into the state budget next fiscal year — and the wrangling over how to spend it is already beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=RTC§ionNum=34019\">new cannabis law\u003c/a> offers some flexibility in\u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/handouts/crimjust/2017/Proposition-64-Revenues-021617.pdf\"> how tax revenues can be used\u003c/a>. First the state must pay for administering the law. Then the law sets aside money for cannabis research. Of the remaining amount, 60 percent must be designated for programs geared toward \"Youth Education, Prevention, Early Intervention and Treatment.\" That leaves a lot of leeway for the governor and legislature. And that is where the horse-trading will come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Gabel with\u003ca href=\"http://www.ccfc.ca.gov/\"> First Five California\u003c/a>, an independent state commission that promotes early childhood development, said there are a number of areas that could qualify for that funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Early education, child care investments, prenatal care, and after school programs,\" she listed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Department of Finance said it's likely funding for such programs will be available next year. And Gabel notes most align with Governor-elect Gavin Newsom’s policy priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(Newsom) was very outspoken about the importance of investing in early prevention and investing in our youth,\" she said. \"And based off of his very strong campaign positions on investing early around children and their families, (we anticipate) that we will see an echo of that in what he hopes to do with the Prop 64 fund.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not yet known how much money there will be to go around. Helen Kerstein is with the non-partisan Legislative Analyst's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a relatively new area of state regulation,\" Kerstein said. \"And so it's unclear what the long term revenues are going to be,\" she said. \"It's a very difficult thing to project into forecast because there isn't that revenue history for this program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Kerstein said if \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/326\">revenues continue to grow\u003c/a> at their current rate, they could total as much as $410 million for the 2018-2019 fiscal year. But that's still well below the $630 million the state had projected.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New revenues from legal recreational marijuana sales could show up in next year's budget.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1543628422,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":372},"headData":{"title":"More Pot Revenues May Start Flowing in California | KQED","description":"New revenues from legal recreational marijuana sales could show up in next year's budget.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11708852 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11708852","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/11/29/more-pot-revenues-may-start-flowing-in-california/","disqusTitle":"More Pot Revenues May Start Flowing in California","path":"/news/11708852/more-pot-revenues-may-start-flowing-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When voters legalized recreational marijuana in California through Proposition 64, many expected a windfall of tax revenue. That hasn’t quite panned out yet, but some more money could start flowing into the state budget next fiscal year — and the wrangling over how to spend it is already beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=RTC§ionNum=34019\">new cannabis law\u003c/a> offers some flexibility in\u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/handouts/crimjust/2017/Proposition-64-Revenues-021617.pdf\"> how tax revenues can be used\u003c/a>. First the state must pay for administering the law. Then the law sets aside money for cannabis research. Of the remaining amount, 60 percent must be designated for programs geared toward \"Youth Education, Prevention, Early Intervention and Treatment.\" That leaves a lot of leeway for the governor and legislature. And that is where the horse-trading will come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Gabel with\u003ca href=\"http://www.ccfc.ca.gov/\"> First Five California\u003c/a>, an independent state commission that promotes early childhood development, said there are a number of areas that could qualify for that funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Early education, child care investments, prenatal care, and after school programs,\" she listed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Department of Finance said it's likely funding for such programs will be available next year. And Gabel notes most align with Governor-elect Gavin Newsom’s policy priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(Newsom) was very outspoken about the importance of investing in early prevention and investing in our youth,\" she said. \"And based off of his very strong campaign positions on investing early around children and their families, (we anticipate) that we will see an echo of that in what he hopes to do with the Prop 64 fund.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not yet known how much money there will be to go around. Helen Kerstein is with the non-partisan Legislative Analyst's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a relatively new area of state regulation,\" Kerstein said. \"And so it's unclear what the long term revenues are going to be,\" she said. \"It's a very difficult thing to project into forecast because there isn't that revenue history for this program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Kerstein said if \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/326\">revenues continue to grow\u003c/a> at their current rate, they could total as much as $410 million for the 2018-2019 fiscal year. But that's still well below the $630 million the state had projected.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11708852/more-pot-revenues-may-start-flowing-in-california","authors":["11200"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_22178","news_16","news_102","news_19895","news_20089","news_70"],"featImg":"news_11687416","label":"news_72"},"news_11687262":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11687262","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11687262","score":null,"sort":[1534457028000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-lawmakers-kill-state-backed-bank-for-pot-money","title":"California Lawmakers Kill State-Backed Bank for Pot Money","publishDate":1534457028,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 5:35 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers killed a plan Thursday to create a state-backed banking system for the recreational marijuana market, meaning the industry must keep operating in cash for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most banks refuse to do business with marijuana growers, distributors and sellers because the drug is still illegal under federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Bob Hertzberg, who suggested the creation of the state-backed bank, said forcing operators to deal in large sums of cash can be dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg said he was surprised to see his plan held up Thursday in an Assembly committee, effectively stopping it for the year. The committee did not debate the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Treasurer John Chiang has launched two studies on the feasibility of California operating a state-backed marijuana bank. Meanwhile, a proposal in Congress would explicitly say that marijuana proceeds wouldn't be considered illegal in states where the drug has been legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg's bill would have allowed the state to license and regulate \"cannabis limited\" charter banks and credit unions to deal with marijuana businesses. The banks would have provided limited services, such as accepting deposits and issuing checks for specified uses like paying state and local taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill didn't guarantee that such banks would be shielded from federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Cannabis Industry Association called the Legislature's move \"disappointing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We committed to partnering with the Legislature to identify solutions to addressing this very critical issue to our state and our industry,\" spokesman Josh Drayton said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tax proceeds from marijuana have been sluggish in California since the start of the year, with the black market still dominating much of the purchasing and selling of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's legal recreational pot market launched Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State lawmakers have killed a plan to create a state-backed bank to handle money associated with the recreational marijuana market.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1534466220,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":295},"headData":{"title":"California Lawmakers Kill State-Backed Bank for Pot Money | KQED","description":"State lawmakers have killed a plan to create a state-backed bank to handle money associated with the recreational marijuana market.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11687262 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11687262","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/08/16/california-lawmakers-kill-state-backed-bank-for-pot-money/","disqusTitle":"California Lawmakers Kill State-Backed Bank for Pot Money","source":"Associated Press","nprByline":"Associated Press","path":"/news/11687262/california-lawmakers-kill-state-backed-bank-for-pot-money","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 5:35 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers killed a plan Thursday to create a state-backed banking system for the recreational marijuana market, meaning the industry must keep operating in cash for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most banks refuse to do business with marijuana growers, distributors and sellers because the drug is still illegal under federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Bob Hertzberg, who suggested the creation of the state-backed bank, said forcing operators to deal in large sums of cash can be dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg said he was surprised to see his plan held up Thursday in an Assembly committee, effectively stopping it for the year. The committee did not debate the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Treasurer John Chiang has launched two studies on the feasibility of California operating a state-backed marijuana bank. Meanwhile, a proposal in Congress would explicitly say that marijuana proceeds wouldn't be considered illegal in states where the drug has been legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg's bill would have allowed the state to license and regulate \"cannabis limited\" charter banks and credit unions to deal with marijuana businesses. The banks would have provided limited services, such as accepting deposits and issuing checks for specified uses like paying state and local taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill didn't guarantee that such banks would be shielded from federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Cannabis Industry Association called the Legislature's move \"disappointing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We committed to partnering with the Legislature to identify solutions to addressing this very critical issue to our state and our industry,\" spokesman Josh Drayton said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tax proceeds from marijuana have been sluggish in California since the start of the year, with the black market still dominating much of the purchasing and selling of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's legal recreational pot market launched Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11687262/california-lawmakers-kill-state-backed-bank-for-pot-money","authors":["byline_news_11687262"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18545","news_102","news_23184","news_22282","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11687264","label":"source_news_11687262"},"news_11686775":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11686775","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11686775","score":null,"sort":[1534210362000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"some-california-cities-fight-to-ban-pot-deliveries","title":"Some California Cities Fight to Ban Pot Deliveries","publishDate":1534210362,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"https://www.bcc.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bureau of Cannabis Control\u003c/a> is holding a series of public hearings on draft rules that would clearly allow door-to-door pot deliveries even in places where cannabis sales are banned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some Californians are pushing back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press briefing on Monday, Charles Harvey, legislative representative for public safety for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cacities.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">League of California Cities\u003c/a>, said his organization has concerns about the proposed regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said local authorities should have the right to regulate pot businesses in their jurisdictions, as dictated by existing pot laws under \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prop 64\u003c/a>. The league represents 475 of the state's 482 cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These proposed regulations seek to diminish the voice of locals,\" Harvey said. \"If finalized, they could also lead to greater public safety obligations and costs for local law enforcement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Cannabis Control, however, believes delivering marijuana across city and county lines — even to a city that's banned marijuana sales — is legal under current state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Alex Traverso pointed out provisions of \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB94\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 94\u003c/a>, which Gov. Jerry Brown signed into law last year. The law says cites \"shall not prevent delivery of cannabis or cannabis products on public roads by a licensee acting in compliance with this division and local law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are clarifying that point,\" Traverso said. \"While it could still change, our view is that delivery is currently legal statewide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cacannabisindustry.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Cannabis Industry Association\u003c/a> spokesman Josh Drayton said pot delivery will mean more tax dollars and greater public safety for cities who participate by adopting local rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The priority of Prop. 64 was to prioritize safety and health by creating regulations for an existing industry,\" said Drayton. \"The safety issue is most prevalent in cities and counties with no regulations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traverso said the Bureau of Cannabis Control will use feedback from the public hearings on this and other pot-related regulations to refine the draft regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're hearing the pros and cons on either side,\" Traverso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next public hearing is scheduled for Tuesday in Los Angeles. A final hearing is scheduled in Sacramento on Aug. 27. The regulations must be finalized by the first week of December, Traverso said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The state bureau regulating pot believes deliveries are legal to anywhere in the state.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1534285033,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":365},"headData":{"title":"Some California Cities Fight to Ban Pot Deliveries | KQED","description":"The state bureau regulating pot believes deliveries are legal to anywhere in the state.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11686775 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11686775","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/08/13/some-california-cities-fight-to-ban-pot-deliveries/","disqusTitle":"Some California Cities Fight to Ban Pot Deliveries","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/08/VeltmanPotDelivery.mp3","audioTrackLength":113,"path":"/news/11686775/some-california-cities-fight-to-ban-pot-deliveries","audioDuration":114000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"https://www.bcc.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bureau of Cannabis Control\u003c/a> is holding a series of public hearings on draft rules that would clearly allow door-to-door pot deliveries even in places where cannabis sales are banned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some Californians are pushing back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press briefing on Monday, Charles Harvey, legislative representative for public safety for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cacities.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">League of California Cities\u003c/a>, said his organization has concerns about the proposed regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said local authorities should have the right to regulate pot businesses in their jurisdictions, as dictated by existing pot laws under \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prop 64\u003c/a>. The league represents 475 of the state's 482 cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These proposed regulations seek to diminish the voice of locals,\" Harvey said. \"If finalized, they could also lead to greater public safety obligations and costs for local law enforcement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Cannabis Control, however, believes delivering marijuana across city and county lines — even to a city that's banned marijuana sales — is legal under current state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Alex Traverso pointed out provisions of \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB94\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 94\u003c/a>, which Gov. Jerry Brown signed into law last year. The law says cites \"shall not prevent delivery of cannabis or cannabis products on public roads by a licensee acting in compliance with this division and local law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are clarifying that point,\" Traverso said. \"While it could still change, our view is that delivery is currently legal statewide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cacannabisindustry.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Cannabis Industry Association\u003c/a> spokesman Josh Drayton said pot delivery will mean more tax dollars and greater public safety for cities who participate by adopting local rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The priority of Prop. 64 was to prioritize safety and health by creating regulations for an existing industry,\" said Drayton. \"The safety issue is most prevalent in cities and counties with no regulations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traverso said the Bureau of Cannabis Control will use feedback from the public hearings on this and other pot-related regulations to refine the draft regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're hearing the pros and cons on either side,\" Traverso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next public hearing is scheduled for Tuesday in Los Angeles. A final hearing is scheduled in Sacramento on Aug. 27. The regulations must be finalized by the first week of December, Traverso said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11686775/some-california-cities-fight-to-ban-pot-deliveries","authors":["8608"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_22283","news_726","news_102","news_23929","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11686869","label":"news"},"news_11684893":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11684893","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11684893","score":null,"sort":[1533415690000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-pot-breathalyzer-is-here-maybe","title":"The Pot Breathalyzer is Here. Maybe","publishDate":1533415690,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>As legalization of recreational and medical marijuana continues to expand, police across the country are more concerned than ever about stoned drivers taking to the nation's roads and freeways, endangering lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With few accurate roadside tools to detect pot impairment, police today have to rely largely on field sobriety tests developed to fight drunk driving or old-fashioned observation, which can be foiled with Visine or breath mints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has left police, courts, public health advocates and recreational marijuana users themselves frustrated. Nine states and the District of Columbia \u003ca href=\"https://marijuana.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=006868\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">have legalized recreational marijuana\u003c/a> and 30 states and D.C. have legalized medical pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now one California company claims it has made a major breakthrough in creating what some thought of as a unicorn: a marijuana breathalyzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are trying to make the establishment of impairment around marijuana rational and to balance fairness and safety,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://houndlabs.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hound Labs\u003c/a> CEO Mike Lynn in his downtown Oakland, Calif., office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a freshly pressed dress shirt and short hair, it's clear Lynn is no stoner inventor with a pipe dream. The former venture capitalist is a practicing emergency room trauma physician in Oakland and an active SWAT team deputy reserve sheriff for Alameda County, Calif. He knows first hand the devastating effects drugged and drunk driving can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He picks up a small plastic box. \"This is a disposable cartridge. And there's a whole bunch of science in this cartridge,\" Lynn says as he slips it into the device about the size of a large mobile phone. A small plastic tube sticks out of one end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He starts to blow into the tube for the required thirty seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indicator bars start to show whether the machine detects any THC in his breath. THC is the psychoactive component in pot that gets you high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hound Labs says its device can accurately detect whether a person has smoked pot in the last two hours, a window many consider the peak impairment time frame. \"When you find THC in breath, you can be pretty darn sure that somebody smoked pot in the last couple of hours,\" Lynn says. \"And we don't want to have people driving during that time period or, frankly, at a work site in a construction zone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn then slides the cartridge into a small base station the size of a laptop, used to protect against cold or hot extremes. The breathalyzer needs a consistent temperature to have consistent results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The device also doubles as an alcohol breathalyzer, giving police an easy-to-use roadside for both intoxicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684894\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 666px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd.jpg\" alt=\"Hound Labs' breathalyzer and base station.\" width=\"666\" height=\"499\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11684894\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd.jpg 666w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hound Labs' breathalyzer and base station. \u003ccite>(Hound Labs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About four minutes later, the results are in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Negative. No THC or alcohol in Lynn's system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For law enforcement, Lynn says, \"really the key is objective data at the roadside, just like we have for alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tools now on the market to determine marijuana test blood, saliva or urine can take days for a result. More importantly, they can't really tell whether a person has smoked a half hour ago or eight days ago. THC dissolves in fat so it can stay in your body up to a month after use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynn claims the company has overcome the technical and scientific hurdles and can accurately measure THC in breath molecules in parts per trillion. That's \"kind of like putting together more than a dozen Olympic size swimming pools and saying, 'Hey, go find those 10 specific drops of water and in those 10 pools put together.' It is it is ridiculous how little [THC] there is\" in breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcohol impairment is measured in parts per thousand. \"THC is something like a billion times less concentrated than alcohol. That's why it hasn't been done before because it's really hard. It's taken us five years to overcome those scientific obstacles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The machine detects THC's mere presence in the breath, but it cannot calculate the amount of THC consumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police are trying to figure out who is potentially impaired, Lynn says, compared to \"somebody who smoked maybe yesterday or a few days ago and is not impaired. They're not in the business of arresting people that are not impaired when it comes to marijuana. That makes no sense at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few police departments plan to start testing Hound Labs' breathalyzer this fall. \"They're interested in it providing objective data for them at the roadside,\" says Lynn. \"That's really the key, objective data at the roadside — just like we have for alcohol.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What constitutes impairment?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There's still no agreement on what amount or level of THC in breath, blood or saliva constitutes functional impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/transportation/drugged-driving-overview.aspx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">only seven states\u003c/a>, including Washington and Montana, have set legal guidelines as to how much THC in the system makes you dangerous behind the wheel. Yet some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/30/523004450/scientists-still-seek-a-reliable-dui-test-for-marijuana\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">scientists are skeptical\u003c/a>, saying those limits aren't really backed by hard science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rest of the country, courts, police and scientists haven't been able to agree on which THC level constitutes functional impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies on marijuana and driving, post-legalization, have been mixed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/drug-impaired-driving\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">One survey by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\u003c/a> showed that, while marijuana users are more likely to be involved in crashes, that risk may be in part because of demographics. Pot users are also more likely to be young men, a group already at high risk for car wrecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drugged driving incidents have risen steadily over the last decade plus, paralleling the nation's opioid abuse crisis and decriminalization of pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684896\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Christine Glenn sorts marijuana at the Blum marijuana dispensary in Las Vegas.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11684896\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Glenn sorts marijuana at the Blum marijuana dispensary in Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(John Locher/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Governor's Highway Safety Association\u003ca href=\"https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IF/IF17/20180711/108525/HHRG-115-IF17-20180711-SD003.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> raised the alarm in a recent report\u003c/a> saying State Highway Safety Officers now rate drug-impaired driving \"equal to or more important than driving while impaired by alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colorado, one analysis of highway safety after pot legalization showed that the number of drivers involved in fatal crashes \u003ca href=\"https://www.denverpost.com/2017/08/25/colorado-marijuana-traffic-fatalities/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">who tested positive for marijuana is up significantly.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Washington state, where recreational pot is legal, a \u003ca href=\"http://wtsc.wa.gov/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2018/04/Marijuana-and-Alcohol-Involvement-in-Fatal-Crashes-in-WA_FINAL.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">study from April of this year\u003c/a> showed that of drivers in fatal crashes who were tested for intoxicants — 61 percent were positive for alcohol and or drugs in their system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research by the Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention at Columbia University showed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/young-fatal-crash-victims-used-either-alcohol-or-marijuana\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">half of young drivers, age 16 to 25, who died in car crashes\u003c/a> were under the influence of alcohol, marijuana or both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to what extent and how long marijuana affects driving response, judgment and skill is not yet fully known. And what role, if any, THC played in those car crashes is unclear. \"We need more research to establish the dose-response relationship between THC level and crash risk,\" says epidemiologist Guohua Li, who directs the Columbia center and conducted that study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li, who calls drugged driving \"a silent epidemic,\" says that additional research is vital because \"there's a widespread misconception that it's OK and is safe to drive after smoking pot. And the public — especially teenage drivers — are not well aware of some of the hazards of drugs such as marijuana on driving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/index.php/2015-11-20-20-52-15/active-studies/62-ab266\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">major study underway\u003c/a> on driving impairment at University of California San Diego's Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research is scheduled to wrap up next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not only looking at how impaired a driver is at different levels of smoking, but also how long that impairment lasts,\" the study's lead author, Thomas Marcotte, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927766/state-funded-marijuana-study-could-lead-to-better-policing-on-roads\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recently told Member Station KQED.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups, including the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colo., are working on creating standards for a marijuana DUI detection test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Police eager for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Police in a handful of cities, including Boston, are set to partner with Hound Labs to start field testing their weed breathalyzer this fall. The company hopes to have a product ready to sell to law enforcement and industry by early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to be a major issue in our city as more and more motorists drive after the legalization of recreational pot,\" Boston's Police Commissioner, William Evans, told NPR in an email. He says the department would soon test Hound Labs' breathalyzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evans, who retires this week, added, \"I opposed the legalization, now we need tools to combat its ill effects. These instruments by Hound Labs and others are going to become necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while police departments are optimistic, they're taking a wait and see approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd like to get to point where there's a little more courtroom acceptance and a little more acceptance in the scientific community,\" says Kevin Davis, assistant chief of the California Highway Patrol Enforcement and Planning Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis says while these breathalyzer devices hold promise, his agency's questions about courtroom admissibility and liability will, for now, keep the CHP on the sidelines of beta testing such devices. \"We're obviously very excited about the prospect of having a tool like that in our officers' hands,\" Davis says, \"assuming we can identify the best ways of when and how it should be used, and how it will be admitted in court, and things of that nature.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, he says, the CHP will rely mostly on roadside sobriety tests by officers to make an initial determination on impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis says the CHP plans to train up more officers to detect drugged drivers under its Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://www.chp.ca.gov/programs-services/for-law-enforcement/drug-recognition-evaluator-program/schedule-of-classes/aride\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">program\u003c/a>. It's a 16-hour classroom course followed by field work to learn how to conduct cognitive tests and detect physical signs of impairment by marijuana or other drugs. The agency also offers a more in-depth Drug Recognition Expert \u003ca href=\"https://www.chp.ca.gov/programs-services/for-law-enforcement/drug-recognition-evaluator-program/schedule-of-classes/dre\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(DRE) course\u003c/a> to train officers on how to detect and deter drugged driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Breathalyzer race\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A few other companies are developing a pot breathalyzer, including the Canadian-based firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.cannabixtechnologies.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cannabix Technologies.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of these guys is going to do it,\" says David Downs, the California Bureau Chief for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.leafly.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">cannabis news site, \u003c/a>\u003cem>Leafly\u003c/em>, and an industry expert. \"It's just a question of who and how adaptable it is for the side of the road, in the middle of the night, in a blizzard. And a lot of these other conditions that police officers face.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downs says Hound Labs may be in the lead and \"stands a good shot at in terms of their technology being able to positively detect active THC in the breath within an impairment window. It's a big thumbs up or thumbs down signal police can use and a real big evolution over things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.draeger.com/en_aunz/Applications/Products/Breath-Alcohol-and-Drug-Testing/Drug-Testing-Devices/DrugTest-5000\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Drager 5000\u003c/a>, which are these active THC oral swabs that can have more variance and more false positives,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downs, who's been on the cannabis beat for nearly a decade and published several books on the topic, says drugged-driving laws clearly haven't kept pace with the cannabis revolution. Many in the industry, as well as consumers, would like to see more states where pot is legal settle on a science-based cut-off limit for THC level impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would eliminate a major roadblock to further acceptance and normalization and sort of mainstreaming of cannabis as a consumer product. By far the biggest criticisms that's raised as these reform efforts advance, is the issue around driving,\" says Downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also help stem the unequal application of the law when it comes to cannabis-impaired driving and states with 'per se' standards and ones that have no such standards. \"We could be putting behind bars people who are safe and we could be letting go people who are a real danger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Downs' advice to recreational pot users out on the town: \"Just take a Lyft or an Uber, you know. Now more than ever, you don't really need to drive.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Pot+Breathalyzer+Is+Here.+Maybe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As marijuana legalization spreads, police are asking for better tools to detect drugged drivers. Some police are now working with researchers to try to bring a THC breathalyzer to market.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1533415690,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":53,"wordCount":1995},"headData":{"title":"The Pot Breathalyzer is Here. Maybe | KQED","description":"As marijuana legalization spreads, police are asking for better tools to detect drugged drivers. Some police are now working with researchers to try to bring a THC breathalyzer to market.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11684893 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11684893","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/08/04/the-pot-breathalyzer-is-here-maybe/","disqusTitle":"The Pot Breathalyzer is Here. Maybe","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprByline":"Eric Westervelt","nprImageAgency":"Hound Labs","nprStoryId":"634992695","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=634992695&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/04/634992695/the-pot-breathalyzer-is-here-maybe?ft=nprml&f=634992695","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sat, 04 Aug 2018 12:00:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Sat, 04 Aug 2018 08:02:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sat, 04 Aug 2018 12:00:52 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/08/20180804_wesat_the_pot_breathalyzer_is_here_maybe.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=257&p=7&story=634992695&ft=nprml&f=634992695","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1635583236-3fb802.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=257&p=7&story=634992695&ft=nprml&f=634992695","audioTrackLength":257,"path":"/news/11684893/the-pot-breathalyzer-is-here-maybe","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/08/20180804_wesat_the_pot_breathalyzer_is_here_maybe.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=257&p=7&story=634992695&ft=nprml&f=634992695","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As legalization of recreational and medical marijuana continues to expand, police across the country are more concerned than ever about stoned drivers taking to the nation's roads and freeways, endangering lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With few accurate roadside tools to detect pot impairment, police today have to rely largely on field sobriety tests developed to fight drunk driving or old-fashioned observation, which can be foiled with Visine or breath mints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has left police, courts, public health advocates and recreational marijuana users themselves frustrated. Nine states and the District of Columbia \u003ca href=\"https://marijuana.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=006868\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">have legalized recreational marijuana\u003c/a> and 30 states and D.C. have legalized medical pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now one California company claims it has made a major breakthrough in creating what some thought of as a unicorn: a marijuana breathalyzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are trying to make the establishment of impairment around marijuana rational and to balance fairness and safety,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://houndlabs.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hound Labs\u003c/a> CEO Mike Lynn in his downtown Oakland, Calif., office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a freshly pressed dress shirt and short hair, it's clear Lynn is no stoner inventor with a pipe dream. The former venture capitalist is a practicing emergency room trauma physician in Oakland and an active SWAT team deputy reserve sheriff for Alameda County, Calif. He knows first hand the devastating effects drugged and drunk driving can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He picks up a small plastic box. \"This is a disposable cartridge. And there's a whole bunch of science in this cartridge,\" Lynn says as he slips it into the device about the size of a large mobile phone. A small plastic tube sticks out of one end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He starts to blow into the tube for the required thirty seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indicator bars start to show whether the machine detects any THC in his breath. THC is the psychoactive component in pot that gets you high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hound Labs says its device can accurately detect whether a person has smoked pot in the last two hours, a window many consider the peak impairment time frame. \"When you find THC in breath, you can be pretty darn sure that somebody smoked pot in the last couple of hours,\" Lynn says. \"And we don't want to have people driving during that time period or, frankly, at a work site in a construction zone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn then slides the cartridge into a small base station the size of a laptop, used to protect against cold or hot extremes. The breathalyzer needs a consistent temperature to have consistent results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The device also doubles as an alcohol breathalyzer, giving police an easy-to-use roadside for both intoxicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684894\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 666px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd.jpg\" alt=\"Hound Labs' breathalyzer and base station.\" width=\"666\" height=\"499\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11684894\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd.jpg 666w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/houndlabs-1-4153f354b21a43c581c3060e93eee35a8ddeb7cd-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hound Labs' breathalyzer and base station. \u003ccite>(Hound Labs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About four minutes later, the results are in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Negative. No THC or alcohol in Lynn's system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For law enforcement, Lynn says, \"really the key is objective data at the roadside, just like we have for alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tools now on the market to determine marijuana test blood, saliva or urine can take days for a result. More importantly, they can't really tell whether a person has smoked a half hour ago or eight days ago. THC dissolves in fat so it can stay in your body up to a month after use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynn claims the company has overcome the technical and scientific hurdles and can accurately measure THC in breath molecules in parts per trillion. That's \"kind of like putting together more than a dozen Olympic size swimming pools and saying, 'Hey, go find those 10 specific drops of water and in those 10 pools put together.' It is it is ridiculous how little [THC] there is\" in breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcohol impairment is measured in parts per thousand. \"THC is something like a billion times less concentrated than alcohol. That's why it hasn't been done before because it's really hard. It's taken us five years to overcome those scientific obstacles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The machine detects THC's mere presence in the breath, but it cannot calculate the amount of THC consumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police are trying to figure out who is potentially impaired, Lynn says, compared to \"somebody who smoked maybe yesterday or a few days ago and is not impaired. They're not in the business of arresting people that are not impaired when it comes to marijuana. That makes no sense at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few police departments plan to start testing Hound Labs' breathalyzer this fall. \"They're interested in it providing objective data for them at the roadside,\" says Lynn. \"That's really the key, objective data at the roadside — just like we have for alcohol.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What constitutes impairment?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There's still no agreement on what amount or level of THC in breath, blood or saliva constitutes functional impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/transportation/drugged-driving-overview.aspx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">only seven states\u003c/a>, including Washington and Montana, have set legal guidelines as to how much THC in the system makes you dangerous behind the wheel. Yet some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/30/523004450/scientists-still-seek-a-reliable-dui-test-for-marijuana\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">scientists are skeptical\u003c/a>, saying those limits aren't really backed by hard science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rest of the country, courts, police and scientists haven't been able to agree on which THC level constitutes functional impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies on marijuana and driving, post-legalization, have been mixed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/drug-impaired-driving\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">One survey by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\u003c/a> showed that, while marijuana users are more likely to be involved in crashes, that risk may be in part because of demographics. Pot users are also more likely to be young men, a group already at high risk for car wrecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drugged driving incidents have risen steadily over the last decade plus, paralleling the nation's opioid abuse crisis and decriminalization of pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684896\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Christine Glenn sorts marijuana at the Blum marijuana dispensary in Las Vegas.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11684896\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/eric-breathalyzer-story-002-c6a52ea8c3876173b47c747ec9c23fd15e6a081b-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Glenn sorts marijuana at the Blum marijuana dispensary in Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(John Locher/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Governor's Highway Safety Association\u003ca href=\"https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IF/IF17/20180711/108525/HHRG-115-IF17-20180711-SD003.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> raised the alarm in a recent report\u003c/a> saying State Highway Safety Officers now rate drug-impaired driving \"equal to or more important than driving while impaired by alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colorado, one analysis of highway safety after pot legalization showed that the number of drivers involved in fatal crashes \u003ca href=\"https://www.denverpost.com/2017/08/25/colorado-marijuana-traffic-fatalities/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">who tested positive for marijuana is up significantly.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Washington state, where recreational pot is legal, a \u003ca href=\"http://wtsc.wa.gov/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2018/04/Marijuana-and-Alcohol-Involvement-in-Fatal-Crashes-in-WA_FINAL.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">study from April of this year\u003c/a> showed that of drivers in fatal crashes who were tested for intoxicants — 61 percent were positive for alcohol and or drugs in their system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research by the Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention at Columbia University showed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/young-fatal-crash-victims-used-either-alcohol-or-marijuana\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">half of young drivers, age 16 to 25, who died in car crashes\u003c/a> were under the influence of alcohol, marijuana or both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to what extent and how long marijuana affects driving response, judgment and skill is not yet fully known. And what role, if any, THC played in those car crashes is unclear. \"We need more research to establish the dose-response relationship between THC level and crash risk,\" says epidemiologist Guohua Li, who directs the Columbia center and conducted that study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li, who calls drugged driving \"a silent epidemic,\" says that additional research is vital because \"there's a widespread misconception that it's OK and is safe to drive after smoking pot. And the public — especially teenage drivers — are not well aware of some of the hazards of drugs such as marijuana on driving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/index.php/2015-11-20-20-52-15/active-studies/62-ab266\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">major study underway\u003c/a> on driving impairment at University of California San Diego's Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research is scheduled to wrap up next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not only looking at how impaired a driver is at different levels of smoking, but also how long that impairment lasts,\" the study's lead author, Thomas Marcotte, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927766/state-funded-marijuana-study-could-lead-to-better-policing-on-roads\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recently told Member Station KQED.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups, including the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colo., are working on creating standards for a marijuana DUI detection test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Police eager for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Police in a handful of cities, including Boston, are set to partner with Hound Labs to start field testing their weed breathalyzer this fall. The company hopes to have a product ready to sell to law enforcement and industry by early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to be a major issue in our city as more and more motorists drive after the legalization of recreational pot,\" Boston's Police Commissioner, William Evans, told NPR in an email. He says the department would soon test Hound Labs' breathalyzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evans, who retires this week, added, \"I opposed the legalization, now we need tools to combat its ill effects. These instruments by Hound Labs and others are going to become necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while police departments are optimistic, they're taking a wait and see approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd like to get to point where there's a little more courtroom acceptance and a little more acceptance in the scientific community,\" says Kevin Davis, assistant chief of the California Highway Patrol Enforcement and Planning Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis says while these breathalyzer devices hold promise, his agency's questions about courtroom admissibility and liability will, for now, keep the CHP on the sidelines of beta testing such devices. \"We're obviously very excited about the prospect of having a tool like that in our officers' hands,\" Davis says, \"assuming we can identify the best ways of when and how it should be used, and how it will be admitted in court, and things of that nature.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, he says, the CHP will rely mostly on roadside sobriety tests by officers to make an initial determination on impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis says the CHP plans to train up more officers to detect drugged drivers under its Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://www.chp.ca.gov/programs-services/for-law-enforcement/drug-recognition-evaluator-program/schedule-of-classes/aride\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">program\u003c/a>. It's a 16-hour classroom course followed by field work to learn how to conduct cognitive tests and detect physical signs of impairment by marijuana or other drugs. The agency also offers a more in-depth Drug Recognition Expert \u003ca href=\"https://www.chp.ca.gov/programs-services/for-law-enforcement/drug-recognition-evaluator-program/schedule-of-classes/dre\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(DRE) course\u003c/a> to train officers on how to detect and deter drugged driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Breathalyzer race\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A few other companies are developing a pot breathalyzer, including the Canadian-based firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.cannabixtechnologies.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cannabix Technologies.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of these guys is going to do it,\" says David Downs, the California Bureau Chief for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.leafly.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">cannabis news site, \u003c/a>\u003cem>Leafly\u003c/em>, and an industry expert. \"It's just a question of who and how adaptable it is for the side of the road, in the middle of the night, in a blizzard. And a lot of these other conditions that police officers face.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downs says Hound Labs may be in the lead and \"stands a good shot at in terms of their technology being able to positively detect active THC in the breath within an impairment window. It's a big thumbs up or thumbs down signal police can use and a real big evolution over things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.draeger.com/en_aunz/Applications/Products/Breath-Alcohol-and-Drug-Testing/Drug-Testing-Devices/DrugTest-5000\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Drager 5000\u003c/a>, which are these active THC oral swabs that can have more variance and more false positives,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downs, who's been on the cannabis beat for nearly a decade and published several books on the topic, says drugged-driving laws clearly haven't kept pace with the cannabis revolution. Many in the industry, as well as consumers, would like to see more states where pot is legal settle on a science-based cut-off limit for THC level impairment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would eliminate a major roadblock to further acceptance and normalization and sort of mainstreaming of cannabis as a consumer product. By far the biggest criticisms that's raised as these reform efforts advance, is the issue around driving,\" says Downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also help stem the unequal application of the law when it comes to cannabis-impaired driving and states with 'per se' standards and ones that have no such standards. \"We could be putting behind bars people who are safe and we could be letting go people who are a real danger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Downs' advice to recreational pot users out on the town: \"Just take a Lyft or an Uber, you know. Now more than ever, you don't really need to drive.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Pot+Breathalyzer+Is+Here.+Maybe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11684893/the-pot-breathalyzer-is-here-maybe","authors":["byline_news_11684893"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_102","news_431","news_22282","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11684895","label":"source_news_11684893"},"news_11679235":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11679235","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11679235","score":null,"sort":[1530900527000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"illegal-pot-shops-disrupt-californias-budding-legal-market","title":"Illegal Pot Shops Disrupt California's Budding Legal Market","publishDate":1530900527,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A slight marijuana smell wafted out as a steady stream of customers walked into a warehouse, its doors and windows covered by bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, police swooped in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sheriff's Department! Search warrant!\" a Los Angeles County deputy shouted as the team thundered through the front door and began hauling out people in handcuffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Compton 20 Cap Collective just south of Los Angeles that was raided earlier this spring is one of hundreds of illegal marijuana stores operating in L.A. County, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11637917/as-california-embraces-legal-marijuana-many-cities-and-counties-say-no\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">marijuana is legal\u003c/a> for anyone 21 and over and retailers must be licensed to sell to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broad \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11638056/everything-you-want-to-know-about-legal-weed-in-california-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">marijuana legalization\u003c/a> arrived in California at the start of the year. From the beginning, there was concern the legal market would be undercut by the massive black market that has existed for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's what's happening. Nowhere is it a bigger problem than in the state's biggest legal local marijuana market: Los Angeles County. Outlaw dispensaries there greatly outnumber about 150 licensed storefront retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reality is a buzzkill for those trying to play by the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal pot shops are losing customers who can get products more cheaply at illegal outlets that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11670945/measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">don't charge or pay taxes\u003c/a>, said Adam Spiker, executive director of the Southern California Coalition, a trade organization that represents cannabis growers, distributors and dispensary owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's an \"unfair competitive situation for licensed businesses,\" Spiker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if you turn the tables and took cannabis out of the equation — if it was another industry that didn't have the stigmas — the government would do everything they could to give those licensed businesses paying taxes a level playing field.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the selling points for legalization was it would generate a tax windfall for state and local governments. However, during the first quarter, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668090/california-pot-revenue-is-lower-than-forecast-are-taxes-too-high\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the state reported only $34 million\u003c/a> from cultivation and excise taxes, putting it on pace to fall well below the $175 million forecast for the first six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, state regulators sent nearly 1,000 cease-and-desist letters to cannabis businesses they suspected were operating illegally. An analysis by the trade publication Marijuana Business Daily found about 64 percent of the businesses were in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, the Los Angeles City Attorney's Office charged 142 people as part of a crackdown on illegal dispensaries. It also sent cease-and-desist letters but declined to say how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County boasts the nation's largest sheriff's department, but even it has nowhere near the manpower to take down all the illegal pot shops. A task force overseen by Lt. Frank Montez raids an average of one dispensary a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the voter-approved ballot measure legalizing cannabis in California included a provision that made possessing more than 28.5 grams only a misdemeanor. That means officers can seize businesses' cash and marijuana, but employees and owners rarely face jail, and illegal operations often quickly reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a money-lucrative business so there are people willing to take the risk,\" said Capt. Holly Francisco, who commands the sheriff's department's narcotics unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montez sees his work as more than code enforcement. Marijuana sold illegally may be tainted with illegal pesticides and other harmful substances. And licensed marijuana shop owners who pay their taxes should have a fair playing field, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have an illegitimate, illegal dispensary operating, that not only hurts the industry as a whole but that really hurts the community,\" Montez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Compton store, a sign above a security window says customers must be at least 18 and have a physician's recommendation to buy medical marijuana and be 21 and have a valid photo ID for anything else. Like many others, the shop operated in plain sight and advertised online, including on WeedMaps, a go-to website for people looking to buy cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, whiteboards on dirt-smudged walls advertised the prices for different types of cannabis and concentrates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartridges for vapor pens and \"Shatter,\" a honey-like oil containing cannabis extract, cost between $15 and $30. Large display cases held jars of branded marijuana strains — 28 grams of \"Purple Dragon\" sold for $160.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People out here on the street are thinking it is a legitimate operation and are smoking this cannabis with all these dangerous pesticides, and they are really killing themselves,\" Montez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some illegal pot shops look so legitimate that customers may not even realize they are illegal unless they figure out they aren't being charged tax. But like any shopper looking for the best deal, plenty know these places are illegal and go because it's cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some illegal L.A. County pot shops grow their own plants, many are supplied by illegal grows in the hills of Northern California, long a major source of all U.S. pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lake County, about 125 miles (201 kilometers) north of San Francisco, is home to many such grows because of its topography, which allows pot farmers to easily hide large operations. It has an abundance of federal and state forests and land where cartels set up operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the L.A. County Sheriff's Department, Lake County lacks the manpower to put much of a dent in illegal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputies patrol on the ground and in helicopters, and last year they destroyed about 250,000 plants and arrested 46 people for illegal grows, Sheriff Brian Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has no estimate for the number of illegal grows in the county but is confident the hundreds of thousands of plants deputies chop down each year are \"just the tip of the iceberg.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin said his short-staffed department has assigned a single detective full-time to marijuana eradication. He counts on help from state and federal agencies, but they too have their priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about manpower,\" he said. \"No one has enough of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Paul Elias in San Francisco contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California ushered in broad marijuana legalization at the start of the year, but the illegal market still thrives.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1530915446,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1006},"headData":{"title":"Illegal Pot Shops Disrupt California's Budding Legal Market | KQED","description":"California ushered in broad marijuana legalization at the start of the year, but the illegal market still thrives.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11679235 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11679235","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/07/06/illegal-pot-shops-disrupt-californias-budding-legal-market/","disqusTitle":"Illegal Pot Shops Disrupt California's Budding Legal Market","source":"Associated Press","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Michael Balsamo\u003c/strong>\u003c/br>Associated Press","path":"/news/11679235/illegal-pot-shops-disrupt-californias-budding-legal-market","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A slight marijuana smell wafted out as a steady stream of customers walked into a warehouse, its doors and windows covered by bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, police swooped in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sheriff's Department! Search warrant!\" a Los Angeles County deputy shouted as the team thundered through the front door and began hauling out people in handcuffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Compton 20 Cap Collective just south of Los Angeles that was raided earlier this spring is one of hundreds of illegal marijuana stores operating in L.A. County, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11637917/as-california-embraces-legal-marijuana-many-cities-and-counties-say-no\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">marijuana is legal\u003c/a> for anyone 21 and over and retailers must be licensed to sell to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broad \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11638056/everything-you-want-to-know-about-legal-weed-in-california-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">marijuana legalization\u003c/a> arrived in California at the start of the year. From the beginning, there was concern the legal market would be undercut by the massive black market that has existed for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's what's happening. Nowhere is it a bigger problem than in the state's biggest legal local marijuana market: Los Angeles County. Outlaw dispensaries there greatly outnumber about 150 licensed storefront retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reality is a buzzkill for those trying to play by the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal pot shops are losing customers who can get products more cheaply at illegal outlets that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11670945/measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">don't charge or pay taxes\u003c/a>, said Adam Spiker, executive director of the Southern California Coalition, a trade organization that represents cannabis growers, distributors and dispensary owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's an \"unfair competitive situation for licensed businesses,\" Spiker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if you turn the tables and took cannabis out of the equation — if it was another industry that didn't have the stigmas — the government would do everything they could to give those licensed businesses paying taxes a level playing field.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the selling points for legalization was it would generate a tax windfall for state and local governments. However, during the first quarter, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668090/california-pot-revenue-is-lower-than-forecast-are-taxes-too-high\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the state reported only $34 million\u003c/a> from cultivation and excise taxes, putting it on pace to fall well below the $175 million forecast for the first six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, state regulators sent nearly 1,000 cease-and-desist letters to cannabis businesses they suspected were operating illegally. An analysis by the trade publication Marijuana Business Daily found about 64 percent of the businesses were in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, the Los Angeles City Attorney's Office charged 142 people as part of a crackdown on illegal dispensaries. It also sent cease-and-desist letters but declined to say how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County boasts the nation's largest sheriff's department, but even it has nowhere near the manpower to take down all the illegal pot shops. A task force overseen by Lt. Frank Montez raids an average of one dispensary a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the voter-approved ballot measure legalizing cannabis in California included a provision that made possessing more than 28.5 grams only a misdemeanor. That means officers can seize businesses' cash and marijuana, but employees and owners rarely face jail, and illegal operations often quickly reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a money-lucrative business so there are people willing to take the risk,\" said Capt. Holly Francisco, who commands the sheriff's department's narcotics unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montez sees his work as more than code enforcement. Marijuana sold illegally may be tainted with illegal pesticides and other harmful substances. And licensed marijuana shop owners who pay their taxes should have a fair playing field, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have an illegitimate, illegal dispensary operating, that not only hurts the industry as a whole but that really hurts the community,\" Montez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Compton store, a sign above a security window says customers must be at least 18 and have a physician's recommendation to buy medical marijuana and be 21 and have a valid photo ID for anything else. Like many others, the shop operated in plain sight and advertised online, including on WeedMaps, a go-to website for people looking to buy cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, whiteboards on dirt-smudged walls advertised the prices for different types of cannabis and concentrates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartridges for vapor pens and \"Shatter,\" a honey-like oil containing cannabis extract, cost between $15 and $30. Large display cases held jars of branded marijuana strains — 28 grams of \"Purple Dragon\" sold for $160.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People out here on the street are thinking it is a legitimate operation and are smoking this cannabis with all these dangerous pesticides, and they are really killing themselves,\" Montez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some illegal pot shops look so legitimate that customers may not even realize they are illegal unless they figure out they aren't being charged tax. But like any shopper looking for the best deal, plenty know these places are illegal and go because it's cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some illegal L.A. County pot shops grow their own plants, many are supplied by illegal grows in the hills of Northern California, long a major source of all U.S. pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lake County, about 125 miles (201 kilometers) north of San Francisco, is home to many such grows because of its topography, which allows pot farmers to easily hide large operations. It has an abundance of federal and state forests and land where cartels set up operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the L.A. County Sheriff's Department, Lake County lacks the manpower to put much of a dent in illegal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputies patrol on the ground and in helicopters, and last year they destroyed about 250,000 plants and arrested 46 people for illegal grows, Sheriff Brian Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has no estimate for the number of illegal grows in the county but is confident the hundreds of thousands of plants deputies chop down each year are \"just the tip of the iceberg.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin said his short-staffed department has assigned a single detective full-time to marijuana eradication. He counts on help from state and federal agencies, but they too have their priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about manpower,\" he said. \"No one has enough of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Paul Elias in San Francisco contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11679235/illegal-pot-shops-disrupt-californias-budding-legal-market","authors":["byline_news_11679235"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_21238","news_102","news_20089"],"featImg":"news_11679254","label":"source_news_11679235"},"news_11670945":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11670945","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11670945","score":null,"sort":[1527362763000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback","title":"Measure to Slash State Marijuana Taxes Suffers Setback","publishDate":1527362763,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California's legal marijuana industry will have to wait for a tax cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislation that would have slashed taxes on legal pot for three years to entice people away from the black market failed to advance out of a key legislative committee Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today was another big win for the black market,\" said Assemblyman Tom Lackey, who co-authored the measure. \"All we wanted to do is to level the playing field financially.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana growers and sellers in California, which launched the nation's largest marijuana market at the start of the year, have complained that taxes are too high. They argue many consumers are shopping in the underground market to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some areas, combined state and local taxes can approach 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668090/california-pot-revenue-is-lower-than-forecast-are-taxes-too-high\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state cultivation and excise taxes fell\u003c/a> far below projections for the first three months of the year. The state had expected to take in $175 million by the end of June, but just $34 million came in between January and March, startling state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lackey, a Los Angeles-area Republican, said opponents of his Assembly measure argued it was too soon to slash taxes without further evidence they were driving people to the black market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California imposes a 15 percent excise tax on pot and separate taxes on cultivation, along with regular sales taxes. There are also new costs for testing and distribution, which could be rolled into the price. Local governments can add taxes, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lackey's measure, AB3157, would have lowered the state excise tax to 11 percent and suspended cultivation taxes for three years. He hopes the effort will be revived this year despite failing to advance out of the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.monterey.ca.us/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Monterey County\u003c/a> slashed its marijuana tax rate because of complaints from growers. An attorney for the growers said the decision will help a struggling industry take root in the farming region about 120 miles (193 kilometers) south of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rollout of the broad legal market has been bumpy. There are complaints that too few licenses have been issued, especially for retailers, and large stretches of the state have either banned commercial activity or lagged in establishing local regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A bill that would have slashed taxes on legal pot for three years to entice people away from the black market failed to advance out of a key legislative committee. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1527432315,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":369},"headData":{"title":"Measure to Slash State Marijuana Taxes Suffers Setback | KQED","description":"A bill that would have slashed taxes on legal pot for three years to entice people away from the black market failed to advance out of a key legislative committee. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11670945 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11670945","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/05/26/measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback/","disqusTitle":"Measure to Slash State Marijuana Taxes Suffers Setback","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Sophia Bollag\u003c/strong>\u003c/br>Associated Press","path":"/news/11670945/measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California's legal marijuana industry will have to wait for a tax cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislation that would have slashed taxes on legal pot for three years to entice people away from the black market failed to advance out of a key legislative committee Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today was another big win for the black market,\" said Assemblyman Tom Lackey, who co-authored the measure. \"All we wanted to do is to level the playing field financially.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana growers and sellers in California, which launched the nation's largest marijuana market at the start of the year, have complained that taxes are too high. They argue many consumers are shopping in the underground market to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some areas, combined state and local taxes can approach 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668090/california-pot-revenue-is-lower-than-forecast-are-taxes-too-high\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state cultivation and excise taxes fell\u003c/a> far below projections for the first three months of the year. The state had expected to take in $175 million by the end of June, but just $34 million came in between January and March, startling state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lackey, a Los Angeles-area Republican, said opponents of his Assembly measure argued it was too soon to slash taxes without further evidence they were driving people to the black market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California imposes a 15 percent excise tax on pot and separate taxes on cultivation, along with regular sales taxes. There are also new costs for testing and distribution, which could be rolled into the price. Local governments can add taxes, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lackey's measure, AB3157, would have lowered the state excise tax to 11 percent and suspended cultivation taxes for three years. He hopes the effort will be revived this year despite failing to advance out of the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.monterey.ca.us/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Monterey County\u003c/a> slashed its marijuana tax rate because of complaints from growers. An attorney for the growers said the decision will help a struggling industry take root in the farming region about 120 miles (193 kilometers) south of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rollout of the broad legal market has been bumpy. There are complaints that too few licenses have been issued, especially for retailers, and large stretches of the state have either banned commercial activity or lagged in establishing local regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11670945/measure-to-slash-state-marijuana-taxes-suffers-setback","authors":["byline_news_11670945"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_102","news_23349","news_22282","news_20089","news_2679"],"featImg":"news_11670947","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. 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