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FM","link":"/"}},"news_11918216":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11918216","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11918216","score":null,"sort":[1656529120000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"environmental-groups-line-up-behind-residents-to-try-to-shut-down-diesel-generators-at-oakland-cannabis-facility","title":"Environmental Groups Line Up Behind Residents to Try to Shut Down Diesel Generators at Oakland Cannabis Facility","publishDate":1656529120,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The owners of a massive East Oakland cannabis facility are facing the latest in a series of enforcement actions intended to halt the use of pollution-spewing diesel generators to provide power to the complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in one of the buildings owned by Denver-based Green Sage teamed with a pair of Oakland environmental groups to use Proposition 65, the state's landmark toxics enforcement law, to get the semi-trailer-sized generators shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes nearly two years after Green Sage began relying on diesel generators to power its two big San Leandro Street buildings — and after a long series of thus far unsuccessful attempts by city agencies and regional air regulators to stop the firm's unpermitted use of the heavily polluting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based Center for Environmental Health and the recently formed Environmental Democracy Project, along with residents of a building where the generators began running in July 2020, filed \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22070993/green-sage-prop-65-notice-220627.pdf\">a Proposition 65 notice of violation\u003c/a> on Monday against Denver-based cannabis landlord Green Sage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tanya Boyce, executive director, Environmental Democracy Project\"]'I know from personal experience that ... East Oakland gets under-regulated based on the fact that they don't think anybody out here is going to speak up.'[/pullquote]The notice alleges the company has failed to provide Prop. 65 warnings about the health dangers, including cancer, posed by exposure to diesel exhaust. Green Sage has operated as many as nine of the unpermitted semi-trailer-sized generators around the clock outside its San Leandro Street buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to the east of the generators, where the wind carries the pollution, is a very dense residential neighborhood, a community of color,\" said Lucas Williams, an attorney representing the environmental groups and building residents. \"There's schools, playgrounds, and people live there. So not surprisingly the elevated cancer risk is very significant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notice, accompanied by a confidential scientific report on the generators' effects on residents' health to the California attorney general's office, is the first step in a process that could lead to state enforcement action or a private lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If found in violation of the toxics law, Green Sage could face retroactive penalties of as much as $2,500 a day. That could mean a total penalty of nearly $2 million if assessed back to July 2020, when the first generator was deployed at the Green Sage properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generators have prompted the city of Oakland to issue at least three separate notices of violation over the past year. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22073692-green-sage-oakland-nov-220407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A notice sent to Green Sage in early April\u003c/a> warned the company it must halt use of the diesel engines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following up on public complaints last September, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District issued a notice of violation against Green Sage in February and is currently seeking an order to have the generators shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generators continue to run as Green Sage appeals the city order and seeks to delay the air district's enforcement action. The company has said the generators are necessary because electricity demands at its facilities have exceeded PG&E's local power capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alistair Monroe, a resident of one of the Green Sage-owned buildings, The Cannery, said that given the city's failure to get the generators shut down, filing the Proposition 65 notice is \"the only way to put our foot down and say enough is enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel it's important we protect the residents and the community at large,\" Monroe said in an interview. \"There's no governing body from City Hall or from the city that is taking drastic measures to do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11911263,news_11908979,news_11879641\" label=\"Related Posts\"]Environmental Democracy Project Executive Director Tanya Boyce, who worked as a planner and redevelopment analyst for the city of Oakland earlier in her career, also faults what she calls the city's \"complete, total lapse\" in enforcing regulations in the Green Sage case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The records indicate that they have given warnings and then extended warnings and extended warnings and extended warnings when they know that there are life safety situations here,\" Boyce said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really am concerned as an ex-city employee about the type of behavior and the actual lack of taking the duties of enforcement and regulation seriously,\" she said. \"I know from personal experience that ... East Oakland gets under-regulated based on the fact that they don't think anybody out here is going to speak up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaya Allan Sugerman, who directs public-interest litigation for the Center for Environmental Health, said neighborhoods downwind of Green Sage already are heavily burdened by diesel engine pollution from nearby freeways, industry and other sources. She said Green Sage's contribution to the air quality problem is \"one huge exposure on top of a mountain\" of other hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This industry moving into East Oakland from outside and being allowed to pollute this community without repercussions is environmental racism in action,\" Sugerman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent report filed as part of Oakland's 2045 general plan update \u003ca href=\"https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/EJ-Racial-Equity-Baseline_Appendix.pdf\">ranked the neighborhoods adjacent to the Green Sage facilities as among the city's most polluted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Citing the dangers posed to nearby residents by high levels of diesel exhaust, groups filed a Prop. 65 notice of violation with California's attorney general to get cannabis landlords to halt use of generators to power its buildings.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1656536527,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":862},"headData":{"title":"Environmental Groups Line Up Behind Residents to Try to Shut Down Diesel Generators at Oakland Cannabis Facility | KQED","description":"Citing the dangers posed to nearby residents by high levels of diesel exhaust, groups filed a Prop. 65 notice of violation with California's attorney general to get cannabis landlords to halt use of generators to power its buildings.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Environmental Groups Line Up Behind Residents to Try to Shut Down Diesel Generators at Oakland Cannabis Facility","datePublished":"2022-06-29T18:58:40.000Z","dateModified":"2022-06-29T21:02:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11918216 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11918216","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/06/29/environmental-groups-line-up-behind-residents-to-try-to-shut-down-diesel-generators-at-oakland-cannabis-facility/","disqusTitle":"Environmental Groups Line Up Behind Residents to Try to Shut Down Diesel Generators at Oakland Cannabis Facility","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11918216/environmental-groups-line-up-behind-residents-to-try-to-shut-down-diesel-generators-at-oakland-cannabis-facility","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The owners of a massive East Oakland cannabis facility are facing the latest in a series of enforcement actions intended to halt the use of pollution-spewing diesel generators to provide power to the complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in one of the buildings owned by Denver-based Green Sage teamed with a pair of Oakland environmental groups to use Proposition 65, the state's landmark toxics enforcement law, to get the semi-trailer-sized generators shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes nearly two years after Green Sage began relying on diesel generators to power its two big San Leandro Street buildings — and after a long series of thus far unsuccessful attempts by city agencies and regional air regulators to stop the firm's unpermitted use of the heavily polluting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based Center for Environmental Health and the recently formed Environmental Democracy Project, along with residents of a building where the generators began running in July 2020, filed \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22070993/green-sage-prop-65-notice-220627.pdf\">a Proposition 65 notice of violation\u003c/a> on Monday against Denver-based cannabis landlord Green Sage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I know from personal experience that ... East Oakland gets under-regulated based on the fact that they don't think anybody out here is going to speak up.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Tanya Boyce, executive director, Environmental Democracy Project","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The notice alleges the company has failed to provide Prop. 65 warnings about the health dangers, including cancer, posed by exposure to diesel exhaust. Green Sage has operated as many as nine of the unpermitted semi-trailer-sized generators around the clock outside its San Leandro Street buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to the east of the generators, where the wind carries the pollution, is a very dense residential neighborhood, a community of color,\" said Lucas Williams, an attorney representing the environmental groups and building residents. \"There's schools, playgrounds, and people live there. So not surprisingly the elevated cancer risk is very significant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notice, accompanied by a confidential scientific report on the generators' effects on residents' health to the California attorney general's office, is the first step in a process that could lead to state enforcement action or a private lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If found in violation of the toxics law, Green Sage could face retroactive penalties of as much as $2,500 a day. That could mean a total penalty of nearly $2 million if assessed back to July 2020, when the first generator was deployed at the Green Sage properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generators have prompted the city of Oakland to issue at least three separate notices of violation over the past year. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22073692-green-sage-oakland-nov-220407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A notice sent to Green Sage in early April\u003c/a> warned the company it must halt use of the diesel engines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following up on public complaints last September, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District issued a notice of violation against Green Sage in February and is currently seeking an order to have the generators shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generators continue to run as Green Sage appeals the city order and seeks to delay the air district's enforcement action. The company has said the generators are necessary because electricity demands at its facilities have exceeded PG&E's local power capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alistair Monroe, a resident of one of the Green Sage-owned buildings, The Cannery, said that given the city's failure to get the generators shut down, filing the Proposition 65 notice is \"the only way to put our foot down and say enough is enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel it's important we protect the residents and the community at large,\" Monroe said in an interview. \"There's no governing body from City Hall or from the city that is taking drastic measures to do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11911263,news_11908979,news_11879641","label":"Related Posts "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Environmental Democracy Project Executive Director Tanya Boyce, who worked as a planner and redevelopment analyst for the city of Oakland earlier in her career, also faults what she calls the city's \"complete, total lapse\" in enforcing regulations in the Green Sage case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The records indicate that they have given warnings and then extended warnings and extended warnings and extended warnings when they know that there are life safety situations here,\" Boyce said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really am concerned as an ex-city employee about the type of behavior and the actual lack of taking the duties of enforcement and regulation seriously,\" she said. \"I know from personal experience that ... East Oakland gets under-regulated based on the fact that they don't think anybody out here is going to speak up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaya Allan Sugerman, who directs public-interest litigation for the Center for Environmental Health, said neighborhoods downwind of Green Sage already are heavily burdened by diesel engine pollution from nearby freeways, industry and other sources. She said Green Sage's contribution to the air quality problem is \"one huge exposure on top of a mountain\" of other hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This industry moving into East Oakland from outside and being allowed to pollute this community without repercussions is environmental racism in action,\" Sugerman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent report filed as part of Oakland's 2045 general plan update \u003ca href=\"https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/EJ-Racial-Equity-Baseline_Appendix.pdf\">ranked the neighborhoods adjacent to the Green Sage facilities as among the city's most polluted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11918216/environmental-groups-line-up-behind-residents-to-try-to-shut-down-diesel-generators-at-oakland-cannabis-facility","authors":["222"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_2036","news_20628","news_19963","news_18066","news_31267","news_27626","news_30801","news_18","news_19921"],"featImg":"news_11918323","label":"news"},"news_11790733":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11790733","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11790733","score":null,"sort":[1576114189000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"is-thc-a-health-risk-to-pregnant-women-california-just-decided-it-is","title":"Is THC a Health Risk to Pregnant Women? California Just Decided It Is","publishDate":1576114189,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Scientists appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom voted on Wednesday to put both cannabis smoke and THC — the psychoactive compound in marijuana — on the state's list of \"reproductive toxicants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel of scientists with the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) met in Sacramento to wrestle with the reliability and accuracy of dense research studies, and to consider whether to declare marijuana's potent, high-inducing chemical a health risk to pregnant women and require warnings for pot products legally sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys have indicated that a rising number of mothers-to-be have turned to marijuana products for relief from morning sickness and headaches, though its effectiveness has not been backed by science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel's finding means THC will now join hundreds of other chemicals judged to cause cancer or birth defects that California requires to carry warning labels, such as arsenic and lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don't expect to see developmental toxicity warnings for expectant mothers on cannabis just yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a one-year grace period before any warnings are required, and several things could happen in that one-year period,\" said Sam Delson, deputy director of OEHHA. \"One, we can seek to determine a level of exposure that does not cause a significant health risk and therefore does not require warnings. We can also work to develop special warnings that address the unique characteristics of these substances and the specific health effects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel delved into numerous studies examining whether cannabis use during pregnancy can be linked to low birth weight, early deliveries, infant mortality or cognitive or other health problems with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They debated whether studies were sufficiently comprehensive and scientifically sound to make judgments about the effects of THC and pregnancy. Some studies didn't make clear how frequently a mother used cannabis during pregnancy or what products were being used. Others didn't account for instances when mothers were using marijuana and tobacco, and whether that could skew the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because some studies included only tests on animals, such as mice or rats, the panel discussed whether those results could be used to consider the effects on people. In other cases, studies relied on self-reporting by new mothers, putting the reliability of the information in doubt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cannabis industry officials say too little sound research is available on THC to support the panel's move, and warn that it could make marijuana companies a target for lawsuits with unverified claims of injuries from pot use during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That seems like an open-ended checkbook. How do we defend ourselves?\" said Los Angeles dispensary owner Jerred Kiloh, who heads the United Cannabis Business Association, an industry group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11644951 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Sauter-1180x919.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review was carried out under the umbrella of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, better known as Proposition 65. It requires warning labels for chemicals judged as dangerous and allows residents, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties for failure to provide warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1986 law has been credited with weeding out cancer-causing chemicals from products but also faulted for setting the stage for legal shakedowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers looking for a quick buck will say \"give us $10,000 or we are going to take you into a long court case,\" Kiloh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Cannabis Industry Association echoed that fear, noting that pot's standing as an illegal drug at the federal level has choked off research by government agencies. Those studies are needed to determine if THC poses health risks for pregnant women, the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Good policy and consumer protections are based on facts and data,” spokesman Josh Drayton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, California has listed marijuana smoke as being known to cause cancer, similar to tobacco smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. surgeon general warned in August that smoking marijuana is dangerous for pregnant women and their developing babies. Mainstream medicine advises against pot use in pregnancy because of studies suggesting it might cause premature birth, low birth weight or other health problems, but many of those studies were in animals or had findings that were open to dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Institute on Drug Abuse is paying for several studies on marijuana use during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the California panel has declared pot a risk for pregnant women, it's not clear what the immediate impact will be on the state's legal pot industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presumably, packaging will need to be changed over time to carry warning labels for pregnant women. But such requirements would likely take additional steps by agencies that oversee marijuana regulation and packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even products containing CBD, a trendy ingredient extracted from marijuana or hemp, can contain trace amounts of THC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press's Michael R. Blood, and KQED's Peter Jon Shuler and David Marks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A panel of scientists appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom voted on Wednesday to put both cannabis smoke and THC on the state’s list of 'reproductive toxicants.'","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1576175250,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":832},"headData":{"title":"Is THC a Health Risk to Pregnant Women? California Just Decided It Is | KQED","description":"A panel of scientists appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom voted on Wednesday to put both cannabis smoke and THC on the state’s list of 'reproductive toxicants.'","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Is THC a Health Risk to Pregnant Women? California Just Decided It Is","datePublished":"2019-12-12T01:29:49.000Z","dateModified":"2019-12-12T18:27:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11790733 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11790733","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/11/is-thc-a-health-risk-to-pregnant-women-california-just-decided-it-is/","disqusTitle":"Is THC a Health Risk to Pregnant Women? California Just Decided It Is","audioTrackLength":80,"path":"/news/11790733/is-thc-a-health-risk-to-pregnant-women-california-just-decided-it-is","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/12/ShulerTHC.mp3","audioDuration":80000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Scientists appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom voted on Wednesday to put both cannabis smoke and THC — the psychoactive compound in marijuana — on the state's list of \"reproductive toxicants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel of scientists with the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) met in Sacramento to wrestle with the reliability and accuracy of dense research studies, and to consider whether to declare marijuana's potent, high-inducing chemical a health risk to pregnant women and require warnings for pot products legally sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys have indicated that a rising number of mothers-to-be have turned to marijuana products for relief from morning sickness and headaches, though its effectiveness has not been backed by science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel's finding means THC will now join hundreds of other chemicals judged to cause cancer or birth defects that California requires to carry warning labels, such as arsenic and lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don't expect to see developmental toxicity warnings for expectant mothers on cannabis just yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a one-year grace period before any warnings are required, and several things could happen in that one-year period,\" said Sam Delson, deputy director of OEHHA. \"One, we can seek to determine a level of exposure that does not cause a significant health risk and therefore does not require warnings. We can also work to develop special warnings that address the unique characteristics of these substances and the specific health effects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel delved into numerous studies examining whether cannabis use during pregnancy can be linked to low birth weight, early deliveries, infant mortality or cognitive or other health problems with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They debated whether studies were sufficiently comprehensive and scientifically sound to make judgments about the effects of THC and pregnancy. Some studies didn't make clear how frequently a mother used cannabis during pregnancy or what products were being used. Others didn't account for instances when mothers were using marijuana and tobacco, and whether that could skew the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because some studies included only tests on animals, such as mice or rats, the panel discussed whether those results could be used to consider the effects on people. In other cases, studies relied on self-reporting by new mothers, putting the reliability of the information in doubt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cannabis industry officials say too little sound research is available on THC to support the panel's move, and warn that it could make marijuana companies a target for lawsuits with unverified claims of injuries from pot use during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That seems like an open-ended checkbook. How do we defend ourselves?\" said Los Angeles dispensary owner Jerred Kiloh, who heads the United Cannabis Business Association, an industry group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11644951","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Sauter-1180x919.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review was carried out under the umbrella of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, better known as Proposition 65. It requires warning labels for chemicals judged as dangerous and allows residents, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties for failure to provide warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1986 law has been credited with weeding out cancer-causing chemicals from products but also faulted for setting the stage for legal shakedowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers looking for a quick buck will say \"give us $10,000 or we are going to take you into a long court case,\" Kiloh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Cannabis Industry Association echoed that fear, noting that pot's standing as an illegal drug at the federal level has choked off research by government agencies. Those studies are needed to determine if THC poses health risks for pregnant women, the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Good policy and consumer protections are based on facts and data,” spokesman Josh Drayton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, California has listed marijuana smoke as being known to cause cancer, similar to tobacco smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. surgeon general warned in August that smoking marijuana is dangerous for pregnant women and their developing babies. Mainstream medicine advises against pot use in pregnancy because of studies suggesting it might cause premature birth, low birth weight or other health problems, but many of those studies were in animals or had findings that were open to dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Institute on Drug Abuse is paying for several studies on marijuana use during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the California panel has declared pot a risk for pregnant women, it's not clear what the immediate impact will be on the state's legal pot industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presumably, packaging will need to be changed over time to carry warning labels for pregnant women. But such requirements would likely take additional steps by agencies that oversee marijuana regulation and packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even products containing CBD, a trendy ingredient extracted from marijuana or hemp, can contain trace amounts of THC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press's Michael R. Blood, and KQED's Peter Jon Shuler and David Marks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11790733/is-thc-a-health-risk-to-pregnant-women-california-just-decided-it-is","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_19963","news_102","news_21771","news_19921","news_26775","news_24859"],"featImg":"news_11790801","label":"news_72"},"news_11159320":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11159320","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11159320","score":null,"sort":[1478284162000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"out-of-state-money-dominates-four-california-ballot-campaigns","title":"Out-of-State Money Dominates Four California Ballot Campaigns","publishDate":1478284162,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Four state ballot measure campaigns have each received more than 75 percent of their funding from individuals and groups outside California, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/\" target=\"_blank\">MapLight\u003c/a> analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug companies and a pharmaceutical industry trade association based outside the state have provided 86 percent of the $109 million raised to defeat Proposition 61. The measure would limit the price California pays for prescription drugs. Two New York-based pharmaceutical firms, Pfizer and Merck, and New Jersey-based Johnson & Johnson have each contributed more than $9 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which is based in Los Angeles, has provided $16.7 million of the nearly $17 million raised for Proposition 61. The California Nurses Association has given $56,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic bag and other plastics manufacturers outside California have contributed 99 percent of the money raised -- over $6 million -- against Proposition 67 and for Proposition 65. Proposition 67 would ban the use of plastic bags; Proposition 65 would direct proceeds from the sale of carryout bags to a state-run environmental fund, a move opposed by grocers and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of Proposition 67 have raised over $1.8 million; more than 80 percent of that money has come from individuals and groups in the state, including environmental organizations and the California Grocers Association. Proposition 65 has no financial opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Californians have provided nearly 60 percent of the $24 million raised to support Proposition 64, a measure that would legalize marijuana use, the No campaign has relied heavily on out-of-state contributions. \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/content/individuals-spend-big-in-initiative-battles\" target=\"_blank\">One person\u003c/a> -- Julie Schauer, a Pennsylvania retiree -- has given almost $1.4 million to fight the initiative. Contributions from outside California make up 85 percent of the $1.6 million raised to defeat the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Methodology: MapLight analysis of contributions to committees supporting or opposing ballot measures using data available from the California Secretary of State as of Nov. 2, 2016. Campaigns were identified using contributions since Jan. 1, 2015, and the analysis includes any contributions given during the full time that the related committees were active, excluding contributions between allied committees. Searchable contributions data is available on \u003ca href=\"http://powersearch.sos.ca.gov/advanced.php\" target=\"_blank\">Power Search\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About MapLight\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMapLight is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization that tracks money in politics. More information about MapLight can be found \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/content/about-maplight\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Four state ballot measure campaigns have each received more than 75 percent of their funding from individuals and groups outside of California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1478289379,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":378},"headData":{"title":"Out-of-State Money Dominates Four California Ballot Campaigns | KQED","description":"Four state ballot measure campaigns have each received more than 75 percent of their funding from individuals and groups outside of California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Out-of-State Money Dominates Four California Ballot Campaigns","datePublished":"2016-11-04T18:29:22.000Z","dateModified":"2016-11-04T19:56:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11159320 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11159320","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/04/out-of-state-money-dominates-four-california-ballot-campaigns/","disqusTitle":"Out-of-State Money Dominates Four California Ballot Campaigns","source":"MapLight","sourceUrl":"http://maplight.org/","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Ashleigh McEvoy\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11159320/out-of-state-money-dominates-four-california-ballot-campaigns","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Four state ballot measure campaigns have each received more than 75 percent of their funding from individuals and groups outside California, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/\" target=\"_blank\">MapLight\u003c/a> analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug companies and a pharmaceutical industry trade association based outside the state have provided 86 percent of the $109 million raised to defeat Proposition 61. The measure would limit the price California pays for prescription drugs. Two New York-based pharmaceutical firms, Pfizer and Merck, and New Jersey-based Johnson & Johnson have each contributed more than $9 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which is based in Los Angeles, has provided $16.7 million of the nearly $17 million raised for Proposition 61. The California Nurses Association has given $56,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic bag and other plastics manufacturers outside California have contributed 99 percent of the money raised -- over $6 million -- against Proposition 67 and for Proposition 65. Proposition 67 would ban the use of plastic bags; Proposition 65 would direct proceeds from the sale of carryout bags to a state-run environmental fund, a move opposed by grocers and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of Proposition 67 have raised over $1.8 million; more than 80 percent of that money has come from individuals and groups in the state, including environmental organizations and the California Grocers Association. Proposition 65 has no financial opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Californians have provided nearly 60 percent of the $24 million raised to support Proposition 64, a measure that would legalize marijuana use, the No campaign has relied heavily on out-of-state contributions. \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/content/individuals-spend-big-in-initiative-battles\" target=\"_blank\">One person\u003c/a> -- Julie Schauer, a Pennsylvania retiree -- has given almost $1.4 million to fight the initiative. Contributions from outside California make up 85 percent of the $1.6 million raised to defeat the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Methodology: MapLight analysis of contributions to committees supporting or opposing ballot measures using data available from the California Secretary of State as of Nov. 2, 2016. Campaigns were identified using contributions since Jan. 1, 2015, and the analysis includes any contributions given during the full time that the related committees were active, excluding contributions between allied committees. Searchable contributions data is available on \u003ca href=\"http://powersearch.sos.ca.gov/advanced.php\" target=\"_blank\">Power Search\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About MapLight\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMapLight is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization that tracks money in politics. More information about MapLight can be found \u003ca href=\"http://maplight.org/content/about-maplight\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11159320/out-of-state-money-dominates-four-california-ballot-campaigns","authors":["byline_news_11159320"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"series":["news_19101"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_19919","news_19895","news_19921","news_19923","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11159383","label":"source_news_11159320"},"science_1092832":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1092832","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1092832","score":null,"sort":[1476991526000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"pity-the-plastic-bag-will-californians-seal-its-fate-with-a-ban","title":"Pity the Plastic Bag: Will Californians Seal Its Fate With a Ban?","publishDate":1476991526,"format":"image","headTitle":"Pity the Plastic Bag: Will Californians Seal Its Fate With a Ban? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Oh, to be a plastic bag. Helpful, ubiquitous and ever useful. Carefree, wafting on the wind, and alive for a thousand years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, you are cheap and trashy. Discarded, your presence mars beautiful landscapes. You and your trillions of clones clog sewers, accumulate in the worlds’ oceans, and entangle and choke wildlife and sea creatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California banned your flimsy presence in the Golden State, consigning you to an environmentally-sensitive death by recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as shoppers know all too well, getting rid of plastic bags isn’t that easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “paper-or-plastic?” checkout query was supposed to be a relic of our unenlightened past. After reviewing the scientific evidence of persistent environmental harm, California legislators in 2014 banned thin plastic carryout bags, authorizing stores to charge customers 10 cents for heavier-duty plastic sacks or paper bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ban inflamed the nation’s bag makers, who intervened before the law could take effect. They wielded two ballot measures to poke a stick in the eye of the Legislature and the grocery industry, whom they haven’t forgiven for switching sides to support the ban after the Legislature allowed the grocers to keep the 10 cent fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in the confounding manner of direct democracy, California voters in November will ponder two opposing initiatives, each sponsored by the plastic bag industry—which has spent more than $6 million to put them on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/proposition/propositions-65-and-67-plastic-bags/\">Prop. 67\u003c/a>, is a referendum—an attempt to block the bag ban by asking voters whether they agree with the new law. The plastic bag industry is hoping to convince enough Californians to vote no, thereby preempting the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/proposition/propositions-65-and-67-plastic-bags/\">Prop. 65\u003c/a>, would redirect the 10 cent bag fee consumers pay, so that rather than stores reaping the benefit, it would instead go to an environmental fund administered by the state Wildlife Conservation Board. The plastics industry is backing this one, a smack-down to the grocery industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092839\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1092839\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout.jpg\" alt=\"Plastic bags at checkout.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic bags at checkout. \u003ccite>(Day Donaldson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the bag ban survives at the polls, Californians would say goodbye to one of the world’s most utilitarian products. Thus would the plastic bag, a humble object engineered to be of long and useful service, become undone by its very design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It already has been exiled from \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=67&year=2016\">150 cities and counties\u003c/a>, primarily along the Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe the environmental facts have been misconstrued,” said Phil Rozenski, policy chair of the American Progressive Bag Alliance, and a senior director at Novolex. Its subsidiary, Hilex Poly Co., has contributed to the ballot propositions. “This is all about politics and emotional debate. Science left the building years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of plastic’s durability, even when exposed to constant wave action and degraded by a relentless sun, it doesn’t disappear, but breaks down into tiny particles called microplastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, a survey of existing research estimated that as many as 51 trillion particles of microplastics are floating around the planet’s oceans, weighing as much as 236,000 metric tons. Closer to home, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfei.org/documents/microplastic-contamination-san-francisco-bay\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that eight wastewater treatment plants discharge nearly half a million microplastic particles into the San Francisco Bay each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even taking into consideration that bags represent only a portion of all plastics found in marine debris, researchers say 80 percent of trash floating in the ocean is plastic. “The problems with plastics are well-documented,” said Eben Schwartz, who oversees the California Coastal Commission’s Marine Debris Program. “Sea animals ingest plastic and it not only gives the sense of being full, so they starve, but it can also get caught in the esophagus, and keep food from getting down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092840\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1963px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1092840 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean.png\" alt=\"PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean\" width=\"1963\" height=\"1098\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean.png 1963w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-160x89.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-800x447.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-768x430.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1020x571.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1920x1074.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1180x660.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-960x537.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-240x134.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-375x210.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-520x291.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1963px) 100vw, 1963px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit: \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Plastic accumulated in the stomach of a marine mammal, renders the animals more buoyant and makes it more difficult to dive for food. Sea turtles can mistake floating plastic bags for their favorite meal, jellyfish. Offshore and onshore, animals become entangled with plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Californians use about 15 million single-use plastic bags a year—as the Legislative Analyst \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=67&year=2016\">notes\u003c/a>, that’s more than 400 bags per Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because plastic is marvelous. Few modern inventions have so quickly shoved aside the competition and staked a spot smack in the middle of American culture, industrial design and manufacturing. Plastics emerged in the late 1940s full of promise and vigor. Then, as now, plastic begins life as a petrochemical. Manufacturing processes convert chains of hydrogen and carbon molecules into a polymer resin that is then heated, shaped and cooled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheap and versatile, it can become just about anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plastic formulation prevents it from bio-degrading along with other garbage. Scientists sifting through landfills of the future will dredge up diapers—and Safeway bags. Even the industry’s “biodegradable” bags don’t completely break down, and these green plastic bags account for less than 1 per cent of the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This description of a plastic bag’s afterlife, from an \u003ca href=\"http://plasticbaglaws.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/MEA_green-cities-CA.pdf\">environmental assessment\u003c/a> prepared for California local governments: “The majority of bags end up as litter or in the landfill, and even those in the landfill may be blown away as litter due to their light weight. Although some recycling facilities will handle plastic bags, most reject them because they can get caught in the machinery and cause malfunctioning, or are contaminated after use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092843\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1653px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1092843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web.jpg\" alt=\"Credit:\" width=\"1653\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web.jpg 1653w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-800x506.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-768x486.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-1020x645.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-1180x746.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-960x607.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-240x152.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-375x237.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-520x329.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1653px) 100vw, 1653px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit: \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bags snag on tree limbs, blow around on vacant lots and loiter in gutters. But don’t blame the bag, says the industry, blame a populace ridden with litterbugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s marine debris or litter—it shouldn’t be there,” said Rozenski. “We have to work on it as a society. Approaching it on a product-by-product basis is not the way to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others oppose the ban on philosophical grounds. “The government shouldn’t be telling stores what kind of bags to offer. That’s between the store and the customer,” said Ted Brown, chairman of the state Libertarian Party, which opposes both propositions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do bag bans really make a difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since San Francisco’s ban has been in place, plastic bag refuse found on the Bay Area’s inland and coastal beaches has fallen 34 per cent, according to Schwartz of the coastal commission. He cited data gathered at annual Bay Area cleanups showing that in 2008, plastic bags accounted for about 9 percent of all debris removed from beaches. By 2012, they were only 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never see drops like that,” he said. “The bans are effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a non-profit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. For more stories by Julie Cart, go to calmatters.org/about/staff/julie-cart/\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California voters will find two opposing plastic bag initiatives on the November ballot -- Proposition 67 and Proposition 65 -- both sponsored by the plastic bag industry.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704929506,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1176},"headData":{"title":"Pity the Plastic Bag: Will Californians Seal Its Fate With a Ban? | KQED","description":"California voters will find two opposing plastic bag initiatives on the November ballot -- Proposition 67 and Proposition 65 -- both sponsored by the plastic bag industry.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Pity the Plastic Bag: Will Californians Seal Its Fate With a Ban?","datePublished":"2016-10-20T19:25:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:31:46.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"CALmatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Julie Cart\u003c/br>CALmatters","path":"/science/1092832/pity-the-plastic-bag-will-californians-seal-its-fate-with-a-ban","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oh, to be a plastic bag. Helpful, ubiquitous and ever useful. Carefree, wafting on the wind, and alive for a thousand years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, you are cheap and trashy. Discarded, your presence mars beautiful landscapes. You and your trillions of clones clog sewers, accumulate in the worlds’ oceans, and entangle and choke wildlife and sea creatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California banned your flimsy presence in the Golden State, consigning you to an environmentally-sensitive death by recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as shoppers know all too well, getting rid of plastic bags isn’t that easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “paper-or-plastic?” checkout query was supposed to be a relic of our unenlightened past. After reviewing the scientific evidence of persistent environmental harm, California legislators in 2014 banned thin plastic carryout bags, authorizing stores to charge customers 10 cents for heavier-duty plastic sacks or paper bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ban inflamed the nation’s bag makers, who intervened before the law could take effect. They wielded two ballot measures to poke a stick in the eye of the Legislature and the grocery industry, whom they haven’t forgiven for switching sides to support the ban after the Legislature allowed the grocers to keep the 10 cent fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in the confounding manner of direct democracy, California voters in November will ponder two opposing initiatives, each sponsored by the plastic bag industry—which has spent more than $6 million to put them on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/proposition/propositions-65-and-67-plastic-bags/\">Prop. 67\u003c/a>, is a referendum—an attempt to block the bag ban by asking voters whether they agree with the new law. The plastic bag industry is hoping to convince enough Californians to vote no, thereby preempting the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/proposition/propositions-65-and-67-plastic-bags/\">Prop. 65\u003c/a>, would redirect the 10 cent bag fee consumers pay, so that rather than stores reaping the benefit, it would instead go to an environmental fund administered by the state Wildlife Conservation Board. The plastics industry is backing this one, a smack-down to the grocery industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092839\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1092839\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout.jpg\" alt=\"Plastic bags at checkout.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag2Checkout-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic bags at checkout. \u003ccite>(Day Donaldson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the bag ban survives at the polls, Californians would say goodbye to one of the world’s most utilitarian products. Thus would the plastic bag, a humble object engineered to be of long and useful service, become undone by its very design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It already has been exiled from \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=67&year=2016\">150 cities and counties\u003c/a>, primarily along the Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe the environmental facts have been misconstrued,” said Phil Rozenski, policy chair of the American Progressive Bag Alliance, and a senior director at Novolex. Its subsidiary, Hilex Poly Co., has contributed to the ballot propositions. “This is all about politics and emotional debate. Science left the building years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of plastic’s durability, even when exposed to constant wave action and degraded by a relentless sun, it doesn’t disappear, but breaks down into tiny particles called microplastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, a survey of existing research estimated that as many as 51 trillion particles of microplastics are floating around the planet’s oceans, weighing as much as 236,000 metric tons. Closer to home, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfei.org/documents/microplastic-contamination-san-francisco-bay\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that eight wastewater treatment plants discharge nearly half a million microplastic particles into the San Francisco Bay each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even taking into consideration that bags represent only a portion of all plastics found in marine debris, researchers say 80 percent of trash floating in the ocean is plastic. “The problems with plastics are well-documented,” said Eben Schwartz, who oversees the California Coastal Commission’s Marine Debris Program. “Sea animals ingest plastic and it not only gives the sense of being full, so they starve, but it can also get caught in the esophagus, and keep food from getting down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092840\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1963px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1092840 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean.png\" alt=\"PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean\" width=\"1963\" height=\"1098\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean.png 1963w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-160x89.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-800x447.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-768x430.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1020x571.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1920x1074.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-1180x660.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-960x537.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-240x134.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-375x210.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag3FloatinginOcean-520x291.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1963px) 100vw, 1963px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit: \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Plastic accumulated in the stomach of a marine mammal, renders the animals more buoyant and makes it more difficult to dive for food. Sea turtles can mistake floating plastic bags for their favorite meal, jellyfish. Offshore and onshore, animals become entangled with plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Californians use about 15 million single-use plastic bags a year—as the Legislative Analyst \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=67&year=2016\">notes\u003c/a>, that’s more than 400 bags per Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because plastic is marvelous. Few modern inventions have so quickly shoved aside the competition and staked a spot smack in the middle of American culture, industrial design and manufacturing. Plastics emerged in the late 1940s full of promise and vigor. Then, as now, plastic begins life as a petrochemical. Manufacturing processes convert chains of hydrogen and carbon molecules into a polymer resin that is then heated, shaped and cooled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheap and versatile, it can become just about anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plastic formulation prevents it from bio-degrading along with other garbage. Scientists sifting through landfills of the future will dredge up diapers—and Safeway bags. Even the industry’s “biodegradable” bags don’t completely break down, and these green plastic bags account for less than 1 per cent of the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This description of a plastic bag’s afterlife, from an \u003ca href=\"http://plasticbaglaws.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/MEA_green-cities-CA.pdf\">environmental assessment\u003c/a> prepared for California local governments: “The majority of bags end up as litter or in the landfill, and even those in the landfill may be blown away as litter due to their light weight. Although some recycling facilities will handle plastic bags, most reject them because they can get caught in the machinery and cause malfunctioning, or are contaminated after use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1092843\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1653px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1092843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web.jpg\" alt=\"Credit:\" width=\"1653\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web.jpg 1653w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-800x506.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-768x486.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-1020x645.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-1180x746.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-960x607.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-240x152.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-375x237.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/PlasticBag4Landfill_for-web-520x329.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1653px) 100vw, 1653px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit: \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bags snag on tree limbs, blow around on vacant lots and loiter in gutters. But don’t blame the bag, says the industry, blame a populace ridden with litterbugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s marine debris or litter—it shouldn’t be there,” said Rozenski. “We have to work on it as a society. Approaching it on a product-by-product basis is not the way to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others oppose the ban on philosophical grounds. “The government shouldn’t be telling stores what kind of bags to offer. That’s between the store and the customer,” said Ted Brown, chairman of the state Libertarian Party, which opposes both propositions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do bag bans really make a difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since San Francisco’s ban has been in place, plastic bag refuse found on the Bay Area’s inland and coastal beaches has fallen 34 per cent, according to Schwartz of the coastal commission. He cited data gathered at annual Bay Area cleanups showing that in 2008, plastic bags accounted for about 9 percent of all debris removed from beaches. By 2012, they were only 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never see drops like that,” he said. “The bans are effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a non-profit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. For more stories by Julie Cart, go to calmatters.org/about/staff/julie-cart/\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1092832/pity-the-plastic-bag-will-californians-seal-its-fate-with-a-ban","authors":["byline_science_1092832"],"series":["science_3178"],"categories":["science_35","science_40"],"featImg":"science_1092837","label":"source_science_1092832"},"forum_2010101856852":{"type":"posts","id":"forum_2010101856852","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"forum","id":"2010101856852","score":null,"sort":[1475168400000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"environmentalists-and-plastic-bag-industry-face-off-over-propositions-65-and-67","title":"Environmentalists and Plastic Bag Industry Face Off Over Propositions 65 and 67","publishDate":1475105639,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Environmentalists and Plastic Bag Industry Face Off Over Propositions 65 and 67 | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":3,"site":"forum"},"content":"\u003cp>In 2007, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban single-use plastic bags. California Governor Jerry Brown later followed suit, signing a statewide ban in 2014. But the ban never officially went into effect: the plastics industry stalled it by gathering enough signatures for a referendum to be placed on the November 2016 ballot – Proposition 67 – that could overturn the law by popular vote. Proposition 65, another measure brought forth by the plastic bag industry, proposes using the fees that grocery stores charge for bags to fund environmental programs. Currently, retailers keep the bag fees. Environmental groups claim that the dual propositions are an industry ploy to undermine the ban and confuse voters, while proponents of Prop. 67 say they are fighting to protect bag makers’ jobs. We check in on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Information:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/election-2016/\">KQED’s Full Election Coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In 2007, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban single-use plastic bags. California Governor Jerry Brown later followed suit, signing a statewide ban in 2014. But the ban never officially went into effect: the plastics industry stalled it by gathering enough signatures for a referendum to be placed on the November 2016 ballot - Proposition 67 - that could overturn the law by popular vote. Proposition 65, another measure brought forth by the plastic bag industry, proposes using the fees that grocery stores charge for bags to fund environmental programs. Currently, retailers keep the bag fees. Environmental groups claim that the dual propositions are an industry ploy to undermine the ban and confuse voters, while proponents of Prop. 67 say they are fighting to protect bag makers' jobs. We check in on the issue.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704434969,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":149},"headData":{"title":"Environmentalists and Plastic Bag Industry Face Off Over Propositions 65 and 67 | KQED","description":"In 2007, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban single-use plastic bags. California Governor Jerry Brown later followed suit, signing a statewide ban in 2014. But the ban never officially went into effect: the plastics industry stalled it by gathering enough signatures for a referendum to be placed on the November 2016 ballot - Proposition 67 - that could overturn the law by popular vote. Proposition 65, another measure brought forth by the plastic bag industry, proposes using the fees that grocery stores charge for bags to fund environmental programs. Currently, retailers keep the bag fees. Environmental groups claim that the dual propositions are an industry ploy to undermine the ban and confuse voters, while proponents of Prop. 67 say they are fighting to protect bag makers' jobs. We check in on the issue.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Environmentalists and Plastic Bag Industry Face Off Over Propositions 65 and 67","datePublished":"2016-09-28T23:33:59.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-05T06:09:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/mp3splice/radio/forum/2016/09/Forum20160929b.mp3","airdate":1475168400,"forumGuests":[{"name":"Lesley McClurg","bio":"science reporter, KQED"},{"name":"Jon Berrier","bio":"spokesperon, American Progressive Bag Alliance"},{"name":"David Lewis","bio":"executive director, Save the Bay"}],"sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"495851249","path":"/forum/2010101856852/environmentalists-and-plastic-bag-industry-face-off-over-propositions-65-and-67","audioDuration":3102000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 2007, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban single-use plastic bags. California Governor Jerry Brown later followed suit, signing a statewide ban in 2014. But the ban never officially went into effect: the plastics industry stalled it by gathering enough signatures for a referendum to be placed on the November 2016 ballot – Proposition 67 – that could overturn the law by popular vote. Proposition 65, another measure brought forth by the plastic bag industry, proposes using the fees that grocery stores charge for bags to fund environmental programs. Currently, retailers keep the bag fees. Environmental groups claim that the dual propositions are an industry ploy to undermine the ban and confuse voters, while proponents of Prop. 67 say they are fighting to protect bag makers’ jobs. We check in on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Information:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/election-2016/\">KQED’s Full Election Coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/forum/2010101856852/environmentalists-and-plastic-bag-industry-face-off-over-propositions-65-and-67","authors":["11247"],"programs":["forum_3"],"series":["forum_157"],"categories":["forum_1623"],"tags":["forum_170","forum_10","forum_311","forum_312"],"featImg":"forum_2010101856853","label":"forum_3"},"news_11005651":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11005651","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11005651","score":null,"sort":[1467389596000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"study-up-california-youve-got-17-statewide-measures-to-vote-on","title":"Study Up, California! You've Got 17 Statewide Measures to Vote On","publishDate":1467389596,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The California Secretary of State's Office has certified the final list of statewide measures that have qualified for the November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with several big bond and tax questions, voters will get to decide the future of the death penalty, a collection of tough new gun laws, and whether they really like a yet-to-be-enacted statewide ban on plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you start studying now, you might be ready come Election Day. It's just 130 days away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0098%20%28Firearms%29_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Gun Control\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This is a package of \u003ca href=\"http://safetyforall.com/\">gun control measures\u003c/a> backed by Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom. Among its provisions is a ban on large-capacity ammunition magazines. It would also require background checks for ammunition purchases. State lawmakers have passed \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/30/california-legislature-passes-a-dozen-new-gun-regulations\" target=\"_blank\">a similar package\u003c/a> of laws but neither Newsom nor Senate leader Kevin de León, who pushed the bills in the Legislature, would drop their effort and support the other.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0081%20%28Tobacco%20Tax%20V3%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Cigarette Tax\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This would place a $2 per pack tax on cigarettes. The money would be used for health care programs as well as tobacco use prevention and control programs. The cigarette tax currently stands at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/05/16/move-to-triple-californias-tobacco-tax-appears-headed-to-ballot/\">87 cents per pack\u003c/a>. The increased tax would also apply to electronic cigarettes and other products containing nicotine. The measure comes after the California Legislature and Gov. Jerry Brown raised the state's smoking age to 21.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0115%20%28Temporary%20Tax%20Increase%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 30 Tax Extension\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>If approved, this measure would extend the income tax portion of the Prop. 30 tax increase for another 12 years. It would apply to anyone making more than $250,000 a year. Brown, who campaigned fiercely for Prop. 30 to help bail out the state from a series of huge deficits, has not endorsed the extension.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0121%20%28Prison%20Sentence%20Reform%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Criminal Sentences\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Measure sponsored by Brown aims to cut the state prison population by giving inmates a chance for earlier parole and allowing judges, instead of prosecutors, to decide whether a minor should be tried as an adult. The initiative faced a court challenge from the California District Attorneys Association, which said Brown improperly amended an existing initiative to get this on the ballot. However, the California Supreme Court ultimately ruled in Brown’s favor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/14-0011%20%28Referendum%20of%20SB%20270%29.pdf??\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>Plastic Bag Ban Referendum\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: In 2014, Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18742\">signed\u003c/a> the nation's first statewide ban on single-use plastic bags. The governor touted the ban as a way to stop \"the torrent of plastic polluting our beaches, parks and even the vast ocean itself.\" But the ban never went into effect, as plastic bag manufacturers were able to gather enough signatures a few months later to force a referendum.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0074%20%28Carryout%20Bag%20Fees%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Carry-Out Bag Revenue\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This measure, backed by the same plastic bag manufacturers who qualified the referendum, would go into effect only if the referendum campaign is defeated and the plastic bag ban is upheld. It would direct money that stores collect from selling paper bags into a special state fund for environmental projects. Proponents say they're just giving voters a chance to direct paper bag proceeds to \"worthy environmental causes.\" Critics say the plastic bag makers are trying to force grocers, who support the plastic bag ban, to spend money to defeat this measure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0103%20%28Marijuana%29_1.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Recreational Pot\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>If approved, California would become the fifth state (after Colorado, Oregon, Alaska and Washington) to legalize the recreational use of marijuana for adults 21 and over. Proponents include Newsom and former Facebook president Sean Parker.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/13-0022%20%2813-0022%20%28Hospital%20Fees%29%29.pdfhttps://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/13-0022%20%2813-0022%20%28Hospital%20Fees%29%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Medi-Cal Hospital Reimbursement\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Currently, private California hospitals pay a fee into a state Medi-Cal fund, which is used to bring in matching federal dollars for the state health program. In return, the hospitals receive a reimbursement for Medi-Cal services. The fund is set to expire at the end of the year; this measure would make it permanent.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0003%20%28Bond-funded%20Projects%20V2%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Public Vote on Bonds\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This measure has the potential to spark a number of statewide ballot battles in the near future. The initiative, backed by wealthy San Joaquin Valley farmer/agribusinessman \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/dan-morain/article36624108.html\" target=\"_blank\">Dean Cortopassi\u003c/a>, would require a statewide vote on any project requiring $2 billion or more in revenue bonds. What might that include? Brown's two \"legacy\" projects: a high-speed rail system and the proposed twin-tunnel water project in the Delta.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Multilingual_Education_Act_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">Multilingual Education\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Placed on the ballot by Democratic lawmakers, this measure would repeal Proposition 227, the 1998 initiative (backed by Ron Unz) that ended bilingual education in the state.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0005%20%28Education%20Bond%20Act%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">School Bond\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong> After a similar effort fell short in 2014, school districts and developers have qualified a $9 billion bond to fund school construction. Brown is opposed to the measure, which he called \"a blunderbuss effort.\" He has argued that the current bond system gives an advantage to large districts that are able to quickly complete first-come-first-serve funding applications.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0004%20%28Safer%20Sex%29_8.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Condoms in Adult Films\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Proposal would require actors in adult movies made in California to wear condoms while filming sex scenes. Earlier this year, California’s Divison of Occupational Safety and Health \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/02/17/california-porn-industry-protests-rules-mandating-condoms/\">rejected proposed regulations\u003c/a> that would have mandated condom use.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0009%20%28Prescription%20Drug%20Costs%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Prescription Drug Pricing\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Sponsored by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, the same group behind the condom measure, this measure would cap the amount the state can be charged for the prescription drugs it purchases for Medi-Cal beneficiaries, retirees and prison inmates. The pharmaceutical industry is strongly opposed, arguing the measure will limit drug choices for patients.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0066%20%28Death%20Penalty%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Death Penalty Repeal\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Proponents of eliminating California's death penalty (and replacing it with a max sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole) are hoping for a different result than in 2012, when voters defeated another repeal measure, \u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2012/general/pdf/34-title-summ-analysis.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 34\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/14/faster-executions-or-none-at-all-california-voters-may-choose\">California has executed 15 inmates\u003c/a> since its current capital punishment law took effect in 1978, and its current system of carrying out death sentences is the target of multiple legal challenges.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0096%20%28Death%20Penalty%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Expedite Death Penalty\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>A group led by former NFL player Kermit Alexander wants to take a completely different approach to reforming California's death penalty process. The initiative would limit inmate appeals, which in some cases can drag on for decades.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0083%20%28Legislature%20Transparency%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Legislative Transparency\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Backed by wealthy GOP donor Charles T. Munger Jr., this effort would require bills be in print for 72 hours before a vote. It would also mandate that video recordings of all legislative proceedings be posted online. A late attempt by a group of state senators to place their own version of this measure on the November ballot fell short.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB254\" target=\"_blank\">Citizens United\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/04/court-greenlights-citizens-united-ballot-question\">path to the ballot\u003c/a> for this advisory measure was arguably more interesting than the measure itself. Voters will be asked whether they support legislators using the little power they have to overturn the U.S. Supreme Court's Citizens United decision, which struck down limits on independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions. To get on the ballot, the advisory question had to survive a challenge in the state Supreme Court over whether such advisory measures should be allowed on the ballot.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Voters have 130 days to delve into topics ranging from gun control to condoms in the adult film industry.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1473806972,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":1176},"headData":{"title":"Study Up, California! You've Got 17 Statewide Measures to Vote On | KQED","description":"Voters have 130 days to delve into topics ranging from gun control to condoms in the adult film industry.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Study Up, California! You've Got 17 Statewide Measures to Vote On","datePublished":"2016-07-01T16:13:16.000Z","dateModified":"2016-09-13T22:49:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11005651 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11005651","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/07/01/study-up-california-youve-got-17-statewide-measures-to-vote-on/","disqusTitle":"Study Up, California! You've Got 17 Statewide Measures to Vote On","customPermalink":"2016/07/01/california-2016-statewide-ballot-measures/","nprStoryId":"493623137","path":"/news/11005651/study-up-california-youve-got-17-statewide-measures-to-vote-on","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Secretary of State's Office has certified the final list of statewide measures that have qualified for the November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with several big bond and tax questions, voters will get to decide the future of the death penalty, a collection of tough new gun laws, and whether they really like a yet-to-be-enacted statewide ban on plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you start studying now, you might be ready come Election Day. It's just 130 days away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0098%20%28Firearms%29_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Gun Control\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This is a package of \u003ca href=\"http://safetyforall.com/\">gun control measures\u003c/a> backed by Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom. Among its provisions is a ban on large-capacity ammunition magazines. It would also require background checks for ammunition purchases. State lawmakers have passed \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/30/california-legislature-passes-a-dozen-new-gun-regulations\" target=\"_blank\">a similar package\u003c/a> of laws but neither Newsom nor Senate leader Kevin de León, who pushed the bills in the Legislature, would drop their effort and support the other.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0081%20%28Tobacco%20Tax%20V3%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Cigarette Tax\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This would place a $2 per pack tax on cigarettes. The money would be used for health care programs as well as tobacco use prevention and control programs. The cigarette tax currently stands at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/05/16/move-to-triple-californias-tobacco-tax-appears-headed-to-ballot/\">87 cents per pack\u003c/a>. The increased tax would also apply to electronic cigarettes and other products containing nicotine. The measure comes after the California Legislature and Gov. Jerry Brown raised the state's smoking age to 21.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0115%20%28Temporary%20Tax%20Increase%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 30 Tax Extension\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>If approved, this measure would extend the income tax portion of the Prop. 30 tax increase for another 12 years. It would apply to anyone making more than $250,000 a year. Brown, who campaigned fiercely for Prop. 30 to help bail out the state from a series of huge deficits, has not endorsed the extension.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0121%20%28Prison%20Sentence%20Reform%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Criminal Sentences\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Measure sponsored by Brown aims to cut the state prison population by giving inmates a chance for earlier parole and allowing judges, instead of prosecutors, to decide whether a minor should be tried as an adult. The initiative faced a court challenge from the California District Attorneys Association, which said Brown improperly amended an existing initiative to get this on the ballot. However, the California Supreme Court ultimately ruled in Brown’s favor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/14-0011%20%28Referendum%20of%20SB%20270%29.pdf??\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>Plastic Bag Ban Referendum\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: In 2014, Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18742\">signed\u003c/a> the nation's first statewide ban on single-use plastic bags. The governor touted the ban as a way to stop \"the torrent of plastic polluting our beaches, parks and even the vast ocean itself.\" But the ban never went into effect, as plastic bag manufacturers were able to gather enough signatures a few months later to force a referendum.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0074%20%28Carryout%20Bag%20Fees%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Carry-Out Bag Revenue\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This measure, backed by the same plastic bag manufacturers who qualified the referendum, would go into effect only if the referendum campaign is defeated and the plastic bag ban is upheld. It would direct money that stores collect from selling paper bags into a special state fund for environmental projects. Proponents say they're just giving voters a chance to direct paper bag proceeds to \"worthy environmental causes.\" Critics say the plastic bag makers are trying to force grocers, who support the plastic bag ban, to spend money to defeat this measure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0103%20%28Marijuana%29_1.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Recreational Pot\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>If approved, California would become the fifth state (after Colorado, Oregon, Alaska and Washington) to legalize the recreational use of marijuana for adults 21 and over. Proponents include Newsom and former Facebook president Sean Parker.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/13-0022%20%2813-0022%20%28Hospital%20Fees%29%29.pdfhttps://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/13-0022%20%2813-0022%20%28Hospital%20Fees%29%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Medi-Cal Hospital Reimbursement\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Currently, private California hospitals pay a fee into a state Medi-Cal fund, which is used to bring in matching federal dollars for the state health program. In return, the hospitals receive a reimbursement for Medi-Cal services. The fund is set to expire at the end of the year; this measure would make it permanent.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0003%20%28Bond-funded%20Projects%20V2%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Public Vote on Bonds\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> This measure has the potential to spark a number of statewide ballot battles in the near future. The initiative, backed by wealthy San Joaquin Valley farmer/agribusinessman \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/dan-morain/article36624108.html\" target=\"_blank\">Dean Cortopassi\u003c/a>, would require a statewide vote on any project requiring $2 billion or more in revenue bonds. What might that include? Brown's two \"legacy\" projects: a high-speed rail system and the proposed twin-tunnel water project in the Delta.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Multilingual_Education_Act_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">Multilingual Education\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Placed on the ballot by Democratic lawmakers, this measure would repeal Proposition 227, the 1998 initiative (backed by Ron Unz) that ended bilingual education in the state.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0005%20%28Education%20Bond%20Act%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">School Bond\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong> After a similar effort fell short in 2014, school districts and developers have qualified a $9 billion bond to fund school construction. Brown is opposed to the measure, which he called \"a blunderbuss effort.\" He has argued that the current bond system gives an advantage to large districts that are able to quickly complete first-come-first-serve funding applications.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0004%20%28Safer%20Sex%29_8.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Condoms in Adult Films\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Proposal would require actors in adult movies made in California to wear condoms while filming sex scenes. Earlier this year, California’s Divison of Occupational Safety and Health \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/02/17/california-porn-industry-protests-rules-mandating-condoms/\">rejected proposed regulations\u003c/a> that would have mandated condom use.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0009%20%28Prescription%20Drug%20Costs%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Prescription Drug Pricing\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Sponsored by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, the same group behind the condom measure, this measure would cap the amount the state can be charged for the prescription drugs it purchases for Medi-Cal beneficiaries, retirees and prison inmates. The pharmaceutical industry is strongly opposed, arguing the measure will limit drug choices for patients.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0066%20%28Death%20Penalty%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Death Penalty Repeal\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Proponents of eliminating California's death penalty (and replacing it with a max sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole) are hoping for a different result than in 2012, when voters defeated another repeal measure, \u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2012/general/pdf/34-title-summ-analysis.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 34\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/14/faster-executions-or-none-at-all-california-voters-may-choose\">California has executed 15 inmates\u003c/a> since its current capital punishment law took effect in 1978, and its current system of carrying out death sentences is the target of multiple legal challenges.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0096%20%28Death%20Penalty%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Expedite Death Penalty\u003c/a>: \u003c/strong>A group led by former NFL player Kermit Alexander wants to take a completely different approach to reforming California's death penalty process. The initiative would limit inmate appeals, which in some cases can drag on for decades.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0083%20%28Legislature%20Transparency%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">Legislative Transparency\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> Backed by wealthy GOP donor Charles T. Munger Jr., this effort would require bills be in print for 72 hours before a vote. It would also mandate that video recordings of all legislative proceedings be posted online. A late attempt by a group of state senators to place their own version of this measure on the November ballot fell short.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB254\" target=\"_blank\">Citizens United\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong> The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/04/court-greenlights-citizens-united-ballot-question\">path to the ballot\u003c/a> for this advisory measure was arguably more interesting than the measure itself. Voters will be asked whether they support legislators using the little power they have to overturn the U.S. Supreme Court's Citizens United decision, which struck down limits on independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions. To get on the ballot, the advisory question had to survive a challenge in the state Supreme Court over whether such advisory measures should be allowed on the ballot.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11005651/study-up-california-youve-got-17-statewide-measures-to-vote-on","authors":["227","11200"],"programs":["news_72"],"series":["news_19101"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18538","news_19909","news_19911","news_19913","news_19914","news_19915","news_19916","news_18418","news_19917","news_19918","news_19912","news_19919","news_19920","news_19910","news_19895","news_19921","news_19922","news_19923","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_10958712","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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