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He also taught journalism classes at Fremont High School in East Oakland.\r\n\r\nEmail: mgreen@kqed.org; Twitter: @MGreenKQED","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3bf498d1267ca02c8494f33d8cfc575e?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twitter":"MGreenKQED","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"lowdown","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"education","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"elections","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"liveblog","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Matthew Green | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3bf498d1267ca02c8494f33d8cfc575e?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3bf498d1267ca02c8494f33d8cfc575e?s=600&d=mm&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/matthewgreen"},"markfiore":{"type":"authors","id":"3236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3236","found":true},"name":"Mark Fiore","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Fiore","slug":"markfiore","email":"mark@markfiore.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED News Cartoonist","bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"},"sdirks":{"type":"authors","id":"7239","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"7239","found":true},"name":"Sandhya Dirks","firstName":"Sandhya","lastName":"Dirks","slug":"sdirks","email":"sdirks@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Sandhya Dirks was the race and equity reporter at KQED. She approaches race and equity not as a beat, but as a fundamental lens for all investigative and explanatory reporting.\r\n\r\nSandhya covered policing, housing, social justice movements, and the shifting demographics of cities and suburbs.\r\n\r\nShe was the creator and co-host of the podcast American Suburb, about the transformation of suburbia into the most diverse space in American life. She was the editor for Truth Be Told, an advice show for and by people of color. \r\n\r\nHer stories about race, space, and belonging were part of KQED's So Well Spoken project, which won RNDTA's Kaleidoscope award, honoring outstanding achievements in the coverage of diversity.\r\n\r\nPrior to joining KQED in 2015, Sandhya covered the 2012 presidential election from the swing state of Iowa for Iowa Public Radio. At KPBS in San Diego, she broke the story of a sexual harassment scandal that led to the mayor's resignation.\r\n\r\nShe got her start in radio working on documentaries about Oakland that investigated the high drop-out rate in public schools and mistrust between the police and the community.\r\n\r\nSandhya lives in Oakland and believes all stories are stories about power.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c0247cb15929cd4c197672fd73d45300?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"audiosand","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sandhya Dirks | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c0247cb15929cd4c197672fd73d45300?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c0247cb15929cd4c197672fd73d45300?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/sdirks"},"jrodriguez":{"type":"authors","id":"11690","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11690","found":true},"name":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez","firstName":"Joe","lastName":"Fitzgerald Rodriguez","slug":"jrodriguez","email":"jrodriguez@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Reporter and Producer","bio":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez is a reporter and digital producer for KQED covering politics. Joe most recently wrote for the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> as a political columnist covering The City. He was raised in San Francisco and has spent his reporting career in his beloved, foggy, city by the bay. Joe was 12-years-old when he conducted his first interview in journalism, grilling former San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown for the Marina Middle School newspaper, \u003cem>The Penguin Press, \u003c/em>and he continues to report on the San Francisco Bay Area to this day.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"FitztheReporter","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/fitzthereporter/","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"elections","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"liveblog","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez | KQED","description":"Reporter and Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/jrodriguez"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11796656":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11796656","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11796656","score":null,"sort":[1705339816000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"quiz-how-much-do-you-know-about-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement","title":"QUIZ: How Much Do You Know About Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement?","publishDate":1705339816,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUIZ: How Much Do You Know About Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Jan. 12, 2024\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born in Atlanta on Jan. 15, 1929, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. would have turned 95 on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take this 10-question quiz to see how much you know about the civil rights icon and the movement he helped lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Article continues below the quiz)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/16444120/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:800px;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us know at least a little something about the man: a brilliant Black civil rights leader who delivered the famous “I Have a Dream” speech and was assassinated for his efforts. City streets throughout the nation bear his name. A national holiday commemorates his achievements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most Americans, though, knowledge about King — and basic understanding of civil rights history overall — doesn’t extend much beyond that. The National Assessment of Educational Progress, for instance, reported that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/15/education/15history.html\">only 2% of high school seniors could correctly answer a basic question about the Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2011 study by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) looked at public K\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">–\u003c/span>12 education standards and curriculum requirements in every state, and found that \u003ca href=\"http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/news/splc-study-finds-that-more-than-half-of-states-fail-at-teaching-the-civil-rights-m\">35 states — including California — failed to cover many of the core concepts of and details about the civil rights movement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixteen of these states (including Iowa and New Hampshire) did not require any instruction about the movement.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"arts_13923705,bayareabites_21523\"]For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words — Rosa Parks, Dr. King and “I have a dream” — said Maureen Costello, director of SPLC’s Teaching Tolerance program. “By having weak or nonexistent standards for history, particularly for the civil rights movement, [most states] are saying loud and clear that it isn’t something students need to learn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that much of what is taught about the movement in schools largely focuses on major leaders and events, but fails to address the systemic and often persistent issues like racism and economic injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the country, King is honored as a national hero. Hundreds of cities have streets that bear his name, and in 2011, a memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., was unveiled. But if King’s teachings aren’t passed on to younger generations, the report notes, then all these tributes fall far short of handing down his legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Take this 10-question quiz to see how much you know about MLK and the movement he helped lead.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705341782,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/16444120/embed"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":406},"headData":{"title":"QUIZ: How Much Do You Know About Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement? | KQED","description":"Take this 10-question quiz to see how much you know about MLK and the movement he helped lead.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"QUIZ: How Much Do You Know About Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement?","datePublished":"2024-01-15T17:30:16.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-15T18:03:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11796656/quiz-how-much-do-you-know-about-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Jan. 12, 2024\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born in Atlanta on Jan. 15, 1929, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. would have turned 95 on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take this 10-question quiz to see how much you know about the civil rights icon and the movement he helped lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Article continues below the quiz)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/16444120/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:800px;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us know at least a little something about the man: a brilliant Black civil rights leader who delivered the famous “I Have a Dream” speech and was assassinated for his efforts. City streets throughout the nation bear his name. A national holiday commemorates his achievements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most Americans, though, knowledge about King — and basic understanding of civil rights history overall — doesn’t extend much beyond that. The National Assessment of Educational Progress, for instance, reported that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/15/education/15history.html\">only 2% of high school seniors could correctly answer a basic question about the Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2011 study by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) looked at public K\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">–\u003c/span>12 education standards and curriculum requirements in every state, and found that \u003ca href=\"http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/news/splc-study-finds-that-more-than-half-of-states-fail-at-teaching-the-civil-rights-m\">35 states — including California — failed to cover many of the core concepts of and details about the civil rights movement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixteen of these states (including Iowa and New Hampshire) did not require any instruction about the movement.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"arts_13923705,bayareabites_21523"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words — Rosa Parks, Dr. King and “I have a dream” — said Maureen Costello, director of SPLC’s Teaching Tolerance program. “By having weak or nonexistent standards for history, particularly for the civil rights movement, [most states] are saying loud and clear that it isn’t something students need to learn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that much of what is taught about the movement in schools largely focuses on major leaders and events, but fails to address the systemic and often persistent issues like racism and economic injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the country, King is honored as a national hero. Hundreds of cities have streets that bear his name, and in 2011, a memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., was unveiled. But if King’s teachings aren’t passed on to younger generations, the report notes, then all these tributes fall far short of handing down his legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11796656/quiz-how-much-do-you-know-about-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement","authors":["1263"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8"],"tags":["news_4750","news_20013","news_160","news_20755"],"featImg":"news_11796752","label":"news"},"news_11972575":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11972575","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11972575","score":null,"sort":[1705332638000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"martin-luther-king-jr-s-fight-for-equality-was-once-considered-radical","title":"Martin Luther King Jr.'s Fight for Equality Was Once Considered 'Radical'","publishDate":1705332638,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Martin Luther King Jr.’s Fight for Equality Was Once Considered ‘Radical’ | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":253,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Martin Luther King Jr. Day is approaching quickly — Monday, Jan. 15 — and this year, the federal holiday falls on the actual birthday of the celebrated civil rights leader who was assassinated more than half a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the United States commemorates the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.’s legacy, here are a few things to know about the holiday honoring the slain activist and his fight against inequality and racial injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From subversive to hero\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year marks 56 years since the activist was assassinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, King is widely lauded as a hero who led a nonviolent crusade against racist segregation policies and horrendous brutality against Black people. But at the time, his views were considered quite radical by much of white America, including the government. (He was the subject of several \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/federal-bureau-investigation-fbi\">FBI surveillance operations\u003c/a> designed to collect subversive material on King.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pew Research Center found that by 1966 — two years after he’d received the Nobel Peace Prize — \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/08/10/how-public-attitudes-toward-martin-luther-king-jr-have-changed-since-the-1960s/\">63% of Americans\u003c/a> had an unfavorable opinion of King, “including 44% who viewed him highly unfavorably.” Today, 81% of American adults say he had a positive impact on the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Eig, author of \u003cem>King: A Life\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/16/1176371630/jonathan-eigs-new-biography-examines-the-life-of-martin-luther-king-jr\">told \u003c/a>NPR in 2023 that King, a pastor who followed in his father’s footsteps, was a protest leader who did not like conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as he sat at the helm of anti-segregation protests, including the Montgomery bus boycott and the march from Selma, Alabama, to the state Capitol, Eig said King “is always going out of his way to avoid conflict with people who are his elders. … And he really doesn’t like conflict.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eig added: “He has to push himself really out of his comfort zone to argue, to debate, to really challenge some of the leaders of this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad full-width]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The road to a federal holiday\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fight to declare MLK Day a federally recognized holiday was a long slog for its champions, who began the campaign almost immediately after King’s assassination on the balcony of a hotel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968. [aside label='More Stories on Civil Rights' tag='civil-rights']It was President Ronald Reagan who eventually signed a bill in 1983 that added Martin Luther King Jr. Day to the list of federal holidays, commemorating King’s contribution to the civil rights movement. Still, it wasn’t officially observed until 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there were still several holdouts who refused to recognize the holiday at the state level. Most notably, Arizona opposed it \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/how-martin-luther-king-jr-s-birthday-became-a-holiday-3#:~:text=King's%20birthday%20was%20finally%20approved,the%20third%20Monday%20in%20January.\">until a\u003c/a> referendum was passed in 1992 after the state lost an \u003ca href=\"http://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/101611_az_mlk_dedication/arizonans-recall-fight-state-mlk-holiday/\">estimated $500 million in revenue\u003c/a> when the NFL moved the 1993 Super Bowl game to California in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why January and why Mondays?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The holiday always lands on the third Monday of the month, roughly around King’s actual birthday, Jan. 15. The timing is also in line with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uso.org/stories/2522-understanding-the-difference-of-memorial-day-vs-veterans-day\">Uniform Holiday Act\u003c/a> of 1968, which ensures a long weekend for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1994, under then-President Bill Clinton, it became the only federal holiday dedicated to volunteerism after Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/103rd-congress/house-bill/1933\">King Holiday and Service Act\u003c/a>. Americans are encouraged to observe the day “with acts of civic work and community service” in honor of King’s legacy.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As the U.S. celebrates the civil rights icon on MLK Day, here are a few things to know about the holiday honoring the slain activist and his fight against inequality and racial injustice.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705428360,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":568},"headData":{"title":"Martin Luther King Jr.'s Fight for Equality Was Once Considered 'Radical' | KQED","description":"As the U.S. celebrates the civil rights icon on MLK Day, here are a few things to know about the holiday honoring the slain activist and his fight against inequality and racial injustice.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Martin Luther King Jr.'s Fight for Equality Was Once Considered 'Radical'","datePublished":"2024-01-15T15:30:38.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-16T18:06:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprImageCredit":"Chick Harrity","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/527855988/vanessa-romo\">Vanessa Romo\u003c/a> \u003cbr> NPR","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"1223867834","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1223867834&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/11/1223867834/mlk-day-history-federal-holiday?ft=nprml&f=1223867834","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2024 11:18:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2024 05:00:39 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2024 11:18:48 -0500","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11972575/martin-luther-king-jr-s-fight-for-equality-was-once-considered-radical","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Martin Luther King Jr. Day is approaching quickly — Monday, Jan. 15 — and this year, the federal holiday falls on the actual birthday of the celebrated civil rights leader who was assassinated more than half a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the United States commemorates the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.’s legacy, here are a few things to know about the holiday honoring the slain activist and his fight against inequality and racial injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From subversive to hero\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year marks 56 years since the activist was assassinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, King is widely lauded as a hero who led a nonviolent crusade against racist segregation policies and horrendous brutality against Black people. But at the time, his views were considered quite radical by much of white America, including the government. (He was the subject of several \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/federal-bureau-investigation-fbi\">FBI surveillance operations\u003c/a> designed to collect subversive material on King.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pew Research Center found that by 1966 — two years after he’d received the Nobel Peace Prize — \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/08/10/how-public-attitudes-toward-martin-luther-king-jr-have-changed-since-the-1960s/\">63% of Americans\u003c/a> had an unfavorable opinion of King, “including 44% who viewed him highly unfavorably.” Today, 81% of American adults say he had a positive impact on the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Eig, author of \u003cem>King: A Life\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/16/1176371630/jonathan-eigs-new-biography-examines-the-life-of-martin-luther-king-jr\">told \u003c/a>NPR in 2023 that King, a pastor who followed in his father’s footsteps, was a protest leader who did not like conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as he sat at the helm of anti-segregation protests, including the Montgomery bus boycott and the march from Selma, Alabama, to the state Capitol, Eig said King “is always going out of his way to avoid conflict with people who are his elders. … And he really doesn’t like conflict.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eig added: “He has to push himself really out of his comfort zone to argue, to debate, to really challenge some of the leaders of this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"full-width"},"numeric":["full-width"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The road to a federal holiday\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fight to declare MLK Day a federally recognized holiday was a long slog for its champions, who began the campaign almost immediately after King’s assassination on the balcony of a hotel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More Stories on Civil Rights ","tag":"civil-rights"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It was President Ronald Reagan who eventually signed a bill in 1983 that added Martin Luther King Jr. Day to the list of federal holidays, commemorating King’s contribution to the civil rights movement. Still, it wasn’t officially observed until 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there were still several holdouts who refused to recognize the holiday at the state level. Most notably, Arizona opposed it \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/how-martin-luther-king-jr-s-birthday-became-a-holiday-3#:~:text=King's%20birthday%20was%20finally%20approved,the%20third%20Monday%20in%20January.\">until a\u003c/a> referendum was passed in 1992 after the state lost an \u003ca href=\"http://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/101611_az_mlk_dedication/arizonans-recall-fight-state-mlk-holiday/\">estimated $500 million in revenue\u003c/a> when the NFL moved the 1993 Super Bowl game to California in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why January and why Mondays?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The holiday always lands on the third Monday of the month, roughly around King’s actual birthday, Jan. 15. The timing is also in line with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uso.org/stories/2522-understanding-the-difference-of-memorial-day-vs-veterans-day\">Uniform Holiday Act\u003c/a> of 1968, which ensures a long weekend for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1994, under then-President Bill Clinton, it became the only federal holiday dedicated to volunteerism after Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/103rd-congress/house-bill/1933\">King Holiday and Service Act\u003c/a>. Americans are encouraged to observe the day “with acts of civic work and community service” in honor of King’s legacy.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11972575/martin-luther-king-jr-s-fight-for-equality-was-once-considered-radical","authors":["byline_news_11972575"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_4750","news_27626","news_20755"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11972576","label":"news_253"},"news_11913434":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11913434","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11913434","score":null,"sort":[1651872740000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"__trashed-14","title":"CA Defends Access to Abortion | Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs","publishDate":1651872740,"format":"video","headTitle":"KQED Newsroom | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":7052,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cb>California Defends Access to Abortion\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A leaked draft opinion written by Judge Samuel Alito for a conservative majority of the U.S. Supreme Court indicates that the court intends to reverse Roe v. Wade, the 1973 ruling that protects the liberty to get an abortion. In response, California leaders and many health care agencies say they want to expand access to abortion services for patients who may travel here from other states. Legislators and advocates also are looking to harden state laws to protect the right to have an abortion in California. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Rep. Jackie Speier, D-Calif.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jodi Hicks, Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, CEO and president\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prof. Margaret M. Russell, Santa Clara University School of Law\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Celebrating Mother's Day: Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Motherhood has often been undervalued, and multitudes of mother's voices, stories and contributions have been lost to history. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Anna Malaika Tubbs\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> wants to uplift the mothers of some of our best known civil rights leaders in her book \"Three Mothers: \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How the Mothers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin Shaped a Nation.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her husband, \u003c/span>\u003cb>Michael Tubbs\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, is an advocate for ending poverty and is the former mayor of Stockton. He's also written a book about three important women, \"The Deeper the Roots,\" which highlights the power of his mother, aunt and grandmother, all of whom raised him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Farmers Markets\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apples, asparagus, apricots and more are in season this spring, and this rainbow of produce is this week's Something Beautiful. Farmers markets in Alameda and Berkeley brighten the streets as locals peruse booths bursting with delicious regional flavors. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1651882137,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":282},"headData":{"title":"CA Defends Access to Abortion | Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs | KQED","description":"California Defends Access to Abortion A leaked draft opinion written by Judge Samuel Alito for a conservative majority of the U.S. Supreme Court indicates that the court intends to reverse Roe v. Wade, the 1973 ruling that protects the liberty to get an abortion. In response, California leaders and many health care agencies say they","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"CA Defends Access to Abortion | Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs","datePublished":"2022-05-06T21:32:20.000Z","dateModified":"2022-05-07T00:08:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11913434 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11913434","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/05/06/__trashed-14/","disqusTitle":"CA Defends Access to Abortion | Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/T5nigNFaxdo","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11913434/__trashed-14","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>California Defends Access to Abortion\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A leaked draft opinion written by Judge Samuel Alito for a conservative majority of the U.S. Supreme Court indicates that the court intends to reverse Roe v. Wade, the 1973 ruling that protects the liberty to get an abortion. In response, California leaders and many health care agencies say they want to expand access to abortion services for patients who may travel here from other states. Legislators and advocates also are looking to harden state laws to protect the right to have an abortion in California. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Rep. Jackie Speier, D-Calif.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jodi Hicks, Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, CEO and president\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prof. Margaret M. Russell, Santa Clara University School of Law\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Celebrating Mother's Day: Anna Malaika Tubbs and Michael Tubbs\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Motherhood has often been undervalued, and multitudes of mother's voices, stories and contributions have been lost to history. \u003c/span>\u003cb>Anna Malaika Tubbs\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> wants to uplift the mothers of some of our best known civil rights leaders in her book \"Three Mothers: \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How the Mothers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin Shaped a Nation.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her husband, \u003c/span>\u003cb>Michael Tubbs\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, is an advocate for ending poverty and is the former mayor of Stockton. He's also written a book about three important women, \"The Deeper the Roots,\" which highlights the power of his mother, aunt and grandmother, all of whom raised him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Farmers Markets\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apples, asparagus, apricots and more are in season this spring, and this rainbow of produce is this week's Something Beautiful. Farmers markets in Alameda and Berkeley brighten the streets as locals peruse booths bursting with delicious regional flavors. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11913434/__trashed-14","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_7052"],"categories":["news_223","news_457","news_6188"],"tags":["news_18848","news_31068","news_31065","news_129","news_18538","news_602","news_30482","news_31061","news_31067","news_30823","news_31063","news_20755","news_20903","news_20942","news_20296","news_31062","news_23688","news_31059","news_31064","news_30632","news_784","news_30479","news_31066","news_31060"],"featImg":"news_11913502","label":"news_7052"},"news_11901755":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11901755","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11901755","score":null,"sort":[1642205272000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-more-things-change","title":"The More Things Change ...","publishDate":1642205272,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11901784\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lincoln Memorial saying, \"I have a dream.\" The second panel shows Sen. Mitch McConnell saying, \"I have a filibuster.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-800x566.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-1020x721.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-1536x1086.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2022/01/04/mlk-filibuster/\">Martin Luther King Jr. spoke out against using the filibuster\u003c/a> to block voting rights legislation in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the U.S. Senate have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/12/us/politics/democrats-voting-rights-bill.html\">blocked voting rights bills using the filibuster numerous times\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With voting rights under attack in statehouses across the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/11/1071829164/biden-speech-voting-rights-filibuster-senate\">President Joe Biden has backed a carve-out to the filibuster rule\u003c/a> to ease passage of the Freedom to Vote Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, conservative Democratic senators like Joe Manchin and Kyrsten Sinema are siding with the Republican caucus in preserving the filibuster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is a filibuster, you ask? I created \u003ca href=\"http://www.markfiore.com/january-march-2022/2022/1/12/the-wonders-of-the-filibuster\">an animated explainer that details the largely racist history of the convoluted Senate rule\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major parts of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that was filibustered by racist Southern Democrats (but eventually passed) were \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/1012294417/what-the-supreme-courts-arizona-decision-means-for-the-voting-rights-act\">recently struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which has led politicians in some states to pass legislation that makes voting more difficult ... and has led to more filibusters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know it's a very, very long shot, but I sure hope Martin Luther King Jr. gets some shiny new voting rights laws for his birthday this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As Martin Luther King Jr. Day approaches, two voting rights bills face a difficult road in the U.S. Senate due to threats of a Republican-led filibuster. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1642208538,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":201},"headData":{"title":"The More Things Change ... | KQED","description":"As Martin Luther King Jr. Day approaches, two voting rights bills face a difficult road in the U.S. Senate due to threats of a Republican-led filibuster. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The More Things Change ...","datePublished":"2022-01-15T00:07:52.000Z","dateModified":"2022-01-15T01:02:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11901755 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11901755","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/01/14/the-more-things-change/","disqusTitle":"The More Things Change ...","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11901755/the-more-things-change","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11901784\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lincoln Memorial saying, \"I have a dream.\" The second panel shows Sen. Mitch McConnell saying, \"I have a filibuster.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-800x566.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-1020x721.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/mlkfilibuster_011422_final-1536x1086.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2022/01/04/mlk-filibuster/\">Martin Luther King Jr. spoke out against using the filibuster\u003c/a> to block voting rights legislation in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the U.S. Senate have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/12/us/politics/democrats-voting-rights-bill.html\">blocked voting rights bills using the filibuster numerous times\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With voting rights under attack in statehouses across the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/11/1071829164/biden-speech-voting-rights-filibuster-senate\">President Joe Biden has backed a carve-out to the filibuster rule\u003c/a> to ease passage of the Freedom to Vote Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, conservative Democratic senators like Joe Manchin and Kyrsten Sinema are siding with the Republican caucus in preserving the filibuster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is a filibuster, you ask? I created \u003ca href=\"http://www.markfiore.com/january-march-2022/2022/1/12/the-wonders-of-the-filibuster\">an animated explainer that details the largely racist history of the convoluted Senate rule\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major parts of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that was filibustered by racist Southern Democrats (but eventually passed) were \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/1012294417/what-the-supreme-courts-arizona-decision-means-for-the-voting-rights-act\">recently struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which has led politicians in some states to pass legislation that makes voting more difficult ... and has led to more filibusters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know it's a very, very long shot, but I sure hope Martin Luther King Jr. gets some shiny new voting rights laws for his birthday this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11901755/the-more-things-change","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_6188","news_13"],"tags":["news_29251","news_717","news_20949","news_20755","news_21171","news_23471","news_4711"],"featImg":"news_11901784","label":"news_18515"},"news_11856712":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11856712","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11856712","score":null,"sort":[1611364539000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"i-will-open-fire-video-shows-man-with-rifle-threatening-peaceful-mlk-day-protest-in-alameda","title":"'I Will Open Fire': Video Shows Man With Gun Threatening Peaceful MLK Day Protest in Alameda","publishDate":1611364539,"format":"aside","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Witness statements and recollections of demonstrators have so far identified threats made by a man with a gun \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855869/man-with-gun-approaches-mlk-caravan-in-alameda-tells-them-to-leave\">against members of a peaceful Martin Luther King Jr. Day protest\u003c/a> as they gathered outside Alameda County District Attorney Nancy O'Malley's home on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, a new witness shared video with KQED that explicitly reveals audio of the man as he threatens to shoot Black protesters and their allies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Get out! Get the fuck out of here!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will open fire!\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The yet-to-be-identified hooded man yelled the threats while carrying what appears to be a submachine gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is not identifying the source who provided the video out of concern for their safety and in accordance with our own policies on anonymous sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED has reviewed the full video to validate its authenticity, but will not publish the video to preserve the source's anonymity. The audio presented over a still photo of the man, below, is extracted from the video.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT0LvFnSa30\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That threat came as peaceful protesters taking part in a car caravan organized by the Anti Police-Terror Project rallied outside O'Malley's home in Alameda \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855869/man-with-gun-approaches-mlk-caravan-in-alameda-tells-them-to-leave\">to decry her not charging a second BART police officer in connection with the 2009 death of Oscar Grant III\u003c/a>, when the man who also yelled that it was \"his neighborhood\" came out with the gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11856441/activists-call-out-alameda-county-da-other-officials-for-delay-in-condemning-gunman-that-threatened-mlk-rally\">O'Malley has since condemned the gunman\u003c/a>, though she did so two days after the incident — a delay which activists fear will embolden future violent threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our failure to hold individuals that act in this way accountable for violating the laws, gives them the impression that it was OK. And they will — and others that see this will — follow suit and do it again,\" Grant's uncle, Cephus \"Uncle Bobby X\" Johnson, said at a Thursday press conference. \"That builds the possibility that someone, especially a person of color, could be harmed or not just harmed, but even murdered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no indication the man fired the weapon, nor were any injuries reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda Police investigating the incident \u003ca href=\"https://www.alamedaca.gov/Shortcut-Content/News-Media/Investigation-Update\">are asking anyone who can help identify the man with the gun, or who has additional surveillance footage\u003c/a> to call \u003cem>510-337-8336\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A newly revealed video shows a man threatening protesters with what appears to be a submachine gun, yelling, 'Get out! I will open fire!'","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1611598384,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":382},"headData":{"title":"'I Will Open Fire': Video Shows Man With Gun Threatening Peaceful MLK Day Protest in Alameda | KQED","description":"A newly revealed video shows a man threatening protesters with what appears to be a submachine gun, yelling, 'Get out! I will open fire!'","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'I Will Open Fire': Video Shows Man With Gun Threatening Peaceful MLK Day Protest in Alameda","datePublished":"2021-01-23T01:15:39.000Z","dateModified":"2021-01-25T18:13:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11856712 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11856712","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/01/22/i-will-open-fire-video-shows-man-with-rifle-threatening-peaceful-mlk-day-protest-in-alameda/","disqusTitle":"'I Will Open Fire': Video Shows Man With Gun Threatening Peaceful MLK Day Protest in Alameda","path":"/news/11856712/i-will-open-fire-video-shows-man-with-rifle-threatening-peaceful-mlk-day-protest-in-alameda","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Witness statements and recollections of demonstrators have so far identified threats made by a man with a gun \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855869/man-with-gun-approaches-mlk-caravan-in-alameda-tells-them-to-leave\">against members of a peaceful Martin Luther King Jr. Day protest\u003c/a> as they gathered outside Alameda County District Attorney Nancy O'Malley's home on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, a new witness shared video with KQED that explicitly reveals audio of the man as he threatens to shoot Black protesters and their allies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Get out! Get the fuck out of here!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will open fire!\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The yet-to-be-identified hooded man yelled the threats while carrying what appears to be a submachine gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is not identifying the source who provided the video out of concern for their safety and in accordance with our own policies on anonymous sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED has reviewed the full video to validate its authenticity, but will not publish the video to preserve the source's anonymity. The audio presented over a still photo of the man, below, is extracted from the video.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/IT0LvFnSa30'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/IT0LvFnSa30'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>That threat came as peaceful protesters taking part in a car caravan organized by the Anti Police-Terror Project rallied outside O'Malley's home in Alameda \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855869/man-with-gun-approaches-mlk-caravan-in-alameda-tells-them-to-leave\">to decry her not charging a second BART police officer in connection with the 2009 death of Oscar Grant III\u003c/a>, when the man who also yelled that it was \"his neighborhood\" came out with the gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11856441/activists-call-out-alameda-county-da-other-officials-for-delay-in-condemning-gunman-that-threatened-mlk-rally\">O'Malley has since condemned the gunman\u003c/a>, though she did so two days after the incident — a delay which activists fear will embolden future violent threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our failure to hold individuals that act in this way accountable for violating the laws, gives them the impression that it was OK. And they will — and others that see this will — follow suit and do it again,\" Grant's uncle, Cephus \"Uncle Bobby X\" Johnson, said at a Thursday press conference. \"That builds the possibility that someone, especially a person of color, could be harmed or not just harmed, but even murdered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no indication the man fired the weapon, nor were any injuries reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda Police investigating the incident \u003ca href=\"https://www.alamedaca.gov/Shortcut-Content/News-Media/Investigation-Update\">are asking anyone who can help identify the man with the gun, or who has additional surveillance footage\u003c/a> to call \u003cem>510-337-8336\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11856712/i-will-open-fire-video-shows-man-with-rifle-threatening-peaceful-mlk-day-protest-in-alameda","authors":["11690"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_18848","news_28615","news_24460","news_20755","news_29045","news_29049","news_29021"],"featImg":"news_11856767","label":"news"},"news_11855822":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11855822","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11855822","score":null,"sort":[1611006779000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"i-may-not-get-there-with-you-an-eyewitness-account-of-mlks-final-days","title":"'I May Not Get There With You': An Eyewitness Account of MLK's Final Days","publishDate":1611006779,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Clara Jean Ester was a college student at Memphis State College in Tennessee when she bore witness to a series of pivotal moments in civil rights history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a junior, Ester joined the Memphis Sanitation Strike in 1968, alongside African American sanitation workers who were calling to demand better working conditions and higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was there at around that same time that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. gave his final speech. She was also there the next day when Dr. King was assassinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At StoryCorps in Mobile, Alabama, earlier this month, Ester, now 72, remembers the last days of Dr. King's life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of April 3, Ester remembered packing into a crowded congregation at Bishop Charles Mason Temple in Memphis, where King delivered a sermon in support of the striking sanitation workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11855825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A young Clara Jean Ester graduated from Memphis State College, now known as the University of Memphis. Now, Ester is a retired organizer and Methodist deaconess in Mobile, Ala.\" width=\"300\" height=\"460\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11855825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85.jpg 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Clara Jean Ester graduated from Memphis State College, now known as the University of Memphis. Now, Ester is a retired organizer and Methodist deaconess in Mobile, Ala. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Clara Jean Ester)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Finally Dr. King arrives, and he said, 'When I entered into the city of Memphis, I was told about all of these threats. But none of that matters anymore 'cause I've been to the mountaintop,' \" Ester said, paraphrasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.afscme.org/about/history/mlk/mountaintop\">his famous speech\u003c/a>. \"He proceeds in saying, 'If I don't get there with you, I want you to know that we as a people will get to the Promised Land.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Clara Jean Ester \"]'You think that's gonna destroy his dream? Y'all are wrong. I think children years and years to come will continue to have his dream.'[/pullquote]The stormy weather added to an ominous scene, recalled Ester, who saw his final words as a prophecy of his own death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the background of that speech you could hear the thunder and the lightning crashing,\" she said. \"It was a powerful moment because he did his own eulogy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, Ester and a number of King supporters, gathered at the Lorraine Motel, where the civil rights leader was staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walking across the parking lot, I'm looking up at Dr. King leaning on the balcony, chatting with everybody down below,\" said Ester. \"All of a sudden what sounded like a truck backfiring goes off and I can hear people saying, 'Get down, get down!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she didn't take her eyes off of King, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm looking, still, at Dr. King being thrown back and I take off and I run up the steps. And when I get up to where he's laying, I notice this pool of blood around his head,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101881651,news_11855799,arts_13891262\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]In that moment, kneeling over his body, Ester said King's fateful words from the night before were echoing in her head: \u003cem>I may not get there with you. I may not get there with you.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After news of King's assassination, she said hate \"took over.\" It stemmed, she said, from \"white America [who] don't want to see us with freedom, so you take out our leader, our king.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every time I want to believe that Dr. King's life changed everything — I've witnessed George Floyds and so many others that have lost their lives,\" Ester said, referring to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/862960939/george-floyd\">man fatally killed by Minneapolis police\u003c/a> last May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, in contemplating what King's legacy has meant after decades of violence against Black people, Clara said, \"You think that's gonna destroy his dream? Y'all are wrong. I think children years and years to come will continue to have his dream.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Audio produced for Morning Edition by Abe Selby. NPR's Emma Bowman adapted it for the Web.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>StoryCorps is a national nonprofit that gives people the chance to interview friends and loved ones about their lives. These conversations are archived at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress, allowing participants to leave a legacy for future generations. Learn more, including how to interview someone in your life, at StoryCorps.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"From StoryCorps, a witness to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination recalls what King's legacy has meant after decades of violence against Black people.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1611085518,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":685},"headData":{"title":"'I May Not Get There With You': An Eyewitness Account of MLK's Final Days | KQED","description":"From StoryCorps, a witness to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination recalls what King's legacy has meant after decades of violence against Black people.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'I May Not Get There With You': An Eyewitness Account of MLK's Final Days","datePublished":"2021-01-18T21:52:59.000Z","dateModified":"2021-01-19T19:45:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11855822 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11855822","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/01/18/i-may-not-get-there-with-you-an-eyewitness-account-of-mlks-final-days/","disqusTitle":"'I May Not Get There With You': An Eyewitness Account of MLK's Final Days","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2021/01/20210115_me_i_may_not_get_there_with_you_an_eyewitness_account_of_mlks_final_days_.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&aggIds=4516989&d=167&p=3&story=956537033&dl=1&siteplayer=true&size=2676655&dl=1","nprByline":"Abe Selby","path":"/news/11855822/i-may-not-get-there-with-you-an-eyewitness-account-of-mlks-final-days","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Clara Jean Ester was a college student at Memphis State College in Tennessee when she bore witness to a series of pivotal moments in civil rights history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a junior, Ester joined the Memphis Sanitation Strike in 1968, alongside African American sanitation workers who were calling to demand better working conditions and higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was there at around that same time that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. gave his final speech. She was also there the next day when Dr. King was assassinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At StoryCorps in Mobile, Alabama, earlier this month, Ester, now 72, remembers the last days of Dr. King's life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of April 3, Ester remembered packing into a crowded congregation at Bishop Charles Mason Temple in Memphis, where King delivered a sermon in support of the striking sanitation workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11855825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A young Clara Jean Ester graduated from Memphis State College, now known as the University of Memphis. Now, Ester is a retired organizer and Methodist deaconess in Mobile, Ala.\" width=\"300\" height=\"460\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11855825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85.jpg 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/esternpr2_custom-b082b074e01f162cd85edc763e53166c7b430898-s300-c85-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Clara Jean Ester graduated from Memphis State College, now known as the University of Memphis. Now, Ester is a retired organizer and Methodist deaconess in Mobile, Ala. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Clara Jean Ester)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Finally Dr. King arrives, and he said, 'When I entered into the city of Memphis, I was told about all of these threats. But none of that matters anymore 'cause I've been to the mountaintop,' \" Ester said, paraphrasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.afscme.org/about/history/mlk/mountaintop\">his famous speech\u003c/a>. \"He proceeds in saying, 'If I don't get there with you, I want you to know that we as a people will get to the Promised Land.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'You think that's gonna destroy his dream? Y'all are wrong. I think children years and years to come will continue to have his dream.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Clara Jean Ester ","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The stormy weather added to an ominous scene, recalled Ester, who saw his final words as a prophecy of his own death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the background of that speech you could hear the thunder and the lightning crashing,\" she said. \"It was a powerful moment because he did his own eulogy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, Ester and a number of King supporters, gathered at the Lorraine Motel, where the civil rights leader was staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walking across the parking lot, I'm looking up at Dr. King leaning on the balcony, chatting with everybody down below,\" said Ester. \"All of a sudden what sounded like a truck backfiring goes off and I can hear people saying, 'Get down, get down!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she didn't take her eyes off of King, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm looking, still, at Dr. King being thrown back and I take off and I run up the steps. And when I get up to where he's laying, I notice this pool of blood around his head,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"forum_2010101881651,news_11855799,arts_13891262","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In that moment, kneeling over his body, Ester said King's fateful words from the night before were echoing in her head: \u003cem>I may not get there with you. I may not get there with you.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After news of King's assassination, she said hate \"took over.\" It stemmed, she said, from \"white America [who] don't want to see us with freedom, so you take out our leader, our king.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every time I want to believe that Dr. King's life changed everything — I've witnessed George Floyds and so many others that have lost their lives,\" Ester said, referring to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/862960939/george-floyd\">man fatally killed by Minneapolis police\u003c/a> last May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, in contemplating what King's legacy has meant after decades of violence against Black people, Clara said, \"You think that's gonna destroy his dream? Y'all are wrong. I think children years and years to come will continue to have his dream.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Audio produced for Morning Edition by Abe Selby. NPR's Emma Bowman adapted it for the Web.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>StoryCorps is a national nonprofit that gives people the chance to interview friends and loved ones about their lives. These conversations are archived at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress, allowing participants to leave a legacy for future generations. Learn more, including how to interview someone in your life, at StoryCorps.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11855822/i-may-not-get-there-with-you-an-eyewitness-account-of-mlks-final-days","authors":["byline_news_11855822"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_19971","news_4750","news_20755","news_29049","news_28704"],"featImg":"news_11855823","label":"source_news_11855822"},"news_11855811":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11855811","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11855811","score":null,"sort":[1611002806000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"warnock-calls-for-equity-and-integrity-in-sermon-at-ebenezer-baptist-ahead-of-mlk-day","title":"Warnock Calls for Equity and Integrity in Sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day","publishDate":1611002806,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>One day ahead of the federal holiday honoring the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Georgia Sen.-elect Rev. Raphael Warnock took to the pulpit of the civil rights icon's spiritual home to preach a message of equity, integrity, possibility and inclusivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock, who served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta for more than a decade before his election to the Senate, spoke at length about \"God's vision of the land\" in a livestreamed sermon that paid tribute to King's work and the ways in which it continues today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wide-ranging sermon touched on a number of issues related to politics, the economy, the criminal justice system and public health. Warnock offered words of hope from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2040%3A4&version=KJV\">Book of Isaiah\u003c/a>, asserting that God's vision of the land is one of equality, integrity, possibility and unity, even if societal divisions have made it appear blurry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're accustomed to privilege, parity and equity and equality may feel like oppression,\" he said. \"And that's what the current backlash is all about. That's what this unleashing of unembarrassed bigotry is all about. That's what this moment, in which we're so divided, in many ways is all about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock spoke of a \"dark and difficult period\" marked by the coronavirus pandemic, associated economic downturn and dangerous political rhetoric culminating in the insurrection at the Capitol earlier this month, which he described as an attack \"by those who are driven by the worst impulses, stirred up by demagogues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtMyuxcL6ac\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Above: Watch Sen.-elect Raphael Warnock's sermon via The Hill.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a sense in which the world is in flux, and when that happens there are always those demagogues who are trying to scapegoat those other people, and stirring up the worst types of stereotypes and creating all kinds of division: age-old racial and religious resentments, divisions that blur our vision,\" Warnock said. \"While we're busy going after one another, attacking one another, the high sit increasingly high and the low sit extremely low.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Warnock spoke about the Poor People's Campaign, King's \"last big push\" before his assassination in 1968. Warnock drew parallels between that crusade and the injustices facing poor and marginalized populations five decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tragedy is that the minimum wage had more purchasing power in 1968 than the minimum wage does in 2021,\" Warnock said. \"And now we call the invisible workers, the folk we take for granted, we call them essential workers but we refuse to pay them an essential wage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Georgia Sen.-elect the Rev. Raphael Warnock\"]\"When you're accustomed to privilege, parity and equity and equality may feel like oppression. And that's what the current backlash is all about.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also addressed the ongoing fight for racial justice, noting the similarities between the campaign's slogan of \"I am a man\" and today's refrain that Black lives matter, before slamming police brutality and political corruption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Warnock said, Eric Garner and George Floyd were killed by police over loose cigarettes and a fake $20 bill, respectively, while he said Wall Street bankers were not held accountable for destroying \"billions of dollars of household wealth.\" Breonna Taylor was killed while sleeping by police officers who said they were looking for a drug pusher, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who understands the opioid epidemic in America and its evolution knows that the biggest drug pushers are the drug companies,\" Warnock said. \"But nothing happens to them because so often those who make the laws are owned by them. But I've decided that I'm going to keep speaking the truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock acknowledged that some may get tired of singing \"We Shall Overcome\" on Martin Luther King Jr. Day, adding that people have retorted \"I wonder when.\" He encouraged listeners not to give up, and to be mindful of the progress being made even if it's far from complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically Black colleges and universities, Warnock said, have \"overperformed\" despite having been long underfunded. He continued with some examples:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[They] have now produced a vice president named Kamala, a mayor named Keisha, a leader and visionary named Stacey and a United States senator named Raphael.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock and fellow incoming Georgia Sen. Jon Ossoff will be sworn in once the state certifies its election results, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/when-exactly-do-democrats-take-control-in-washington/2021/01/14/809bbd36-56c0-11eb-acc5-92d2819a1ccb_story.html\">The Washington Post reports\u003c/a> is expected to happen around Jan. 20.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"One day ahead of the federal holiday honoring the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Georgia Sen.-elect Rev. Raphael Warnock took to the pulpit of the civil rights icon's spiritual home to preach a message of equity, integrity, possibility and inclusivity.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1611084594,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":754},"headData":{"title":"Warnock Calls for Equity and Integrity in Sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day | KQED","description":"One day ahead of the federal holiday honoring the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Georgia Sen.-elect Rev. Raphael Warnock took to the pulpit of the civil rights icon's spiritual home to preach a message of equity, integrity, possibility and inclusivity.","ogTitle":"Warnock Calls For Equity And Integrity In Sermon At Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"Warnock Calls For Equity And Integrity In Sermon At Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Warnock Calls for Equity and Integrity in Sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day","datePublished":"2021-01-18T20:46:46.000Z","dateModified":"2021-01-19T19:29:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11855811 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11855811","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/01/18/warnock-calls-for-equity-and-integrity-in-sermon-at-ebenezer-baptist-ahead-of-mlk-day/","disqusTitle":"Warnock Calls for Equity and Integrity in Sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Honoring MLK Day","source":"NPR","nprByline":"Rachel Treisman","path":"/news/11855811/warnock-calls-for-equity-and-integrity-in-sermon-at-ebenezer-baptist-ahead-of-mlk-day","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One day ahead of the federal holiday honoring the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Georgia Sen.-elect Rev. Raphael Warnock took to the pulpit of the civil rights icon's spiritual home to preach a message of equity, integrity, possibility and inclusivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock, who served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta for more than a decade before his election to the Senate, spoke at length about \"God's vision of the land\" in a livestreamed sermon that paid tribute to King's work and the ways in which it continues today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wide-ranging sermon touched on a number of issues related to politics, the economy, the criminal justice system and public health. Warnock offered words of hope from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2040%3A4&version=KJV\">Book of Isaiah\u003c/a>, asserting that God's vision of the land is one of equality, integrity, possibility and unity, even if societal divisions have made it appear blurry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're accustomed to privilege, parity and equity and equality may feel like oppression,\" he said. \"And that's what the current backlash is all about. That's what this unleashing of unembarrassed bigotry is all about. That's what this moment, in which we're so divided, in many ways is all about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock spoke of a \"dark and difficult period\" marked by the coronavirus pandemic, associated economic downturn and dangerous political rhetoric culminating in the insurrection at the Capitol earlier this month, which he described as an attack \"by those who are driven by the worst impulses, stirred up by demagogues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/RtMyuxcL6ac'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/RtMyuxcL6ac'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Above: Watch Sen.-elect Raphael Warnock's sermon via The Hill.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a sense in which the world is in flux, and when that happens there are always those demagogues who are trying to scapegoat those other people, and stirring up the worst types of stereotypes and creating all kinds of division: age-old racial and religious resentments, divisions that blur our vision,\" Warnock said. \"While we're busy going after one another, attacking one another, the high sit increasingly high and the low sit extremely low.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Warnock spoke about the Poor People's Campaign, King's \"last big push\" before his assassination in 1968. Warnock drew parallels between that crusade and the injustices facing poor and marginalized populations five decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tragedy is that the minimum wage had more purchasing power in 1968 than the minimum wage does in 2021,\" Warnock said. \"And now we call the invisible workers, the folk we take for granted, we call them essential workers but we refuse to pay them an essential wage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\"When you're accustomed to privilege, parity and equity and equality may feel like oppression. And that's what the current backlash is all about.\"","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Georgia Sen.-elect the Rev. Raphael Warnock","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also addressed the ongoing fight for racial justice, noting the similarities between the campaign's slogan of \"I am a man\" and today's refrain that Black lives matter, before slamming police brutality and political corruption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Warnock said, Eric Garner and George Floyd were killed by police over loose cigarettes and a fake $20 bill, respectively, while he said Wall Street bankers were not held accountable for destroying \"billions of dollars of household wealth.\" Breonna Taylor was killed while sleeping by police officers who said they were looking for a drug pusher, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who understands the opioid epidemic in America and its evolution knows that the biggest drug pushers are the drug companies,\" Warnock said. \"But nothing happens to them because so often those who make the laws are owned by them. But I've decided that I'm going to keep speaking the truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock acknowledged that some may get tired of singing \"We Shall Overcome\" on Martin Luther King Jr. Day, adding that people have retorted \"I wonder when.\" He encouraged listeners not to give up, and to be mindful of the progress being made even if it's far from complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically Black colleges and universities, Warnock said, have \"overperformed\" despite having been long underfunded. He continued with some examples:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[They] have now produced a vice president named Kamala, a mayor named Keisha, a leader and visionary named Stacey and a United States senator named Raphael.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock and fellow incoming Georgia Sen. Jon Ossoff will be sworn in once the state certifies its election results, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/when-exactly-do-democrats-take-control-in-washington/2021/01/14/809bbd36-56c0-11eb-acc5-92d2819a1ccb_story.html\">The Washington Post reports\u003c/a> is expected to happen around Jan. 20.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11855811/warnock-calls-for-equity-and-integrity-in-sermon-at-ebenezer-baptist-ahead-of-mlk-day","authors":["byline_news_11855811"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_27626","news_20755","news_29045","news_29049","news_29048","news_29047"],"featImg":"news_11855813","label":"source_news_11855811"},"news_11855799":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11855799","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11855799","score":null,"sort":[1610996276000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"mlk-fbi-humanizes-a-civil-rights-icons-legacy","title":"'MLK/FBI' Humanizes a Civil Rights Icon's Legacy","publishDate":1610996276,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A year ago, the official Twitter account of the Federal Bureau of Investigation tweeted, \"Today, the FBI honors the life and work of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.\" It was accompanied by a photo of the FBI Academy's reflecting pool, where a quote from King is etched in stone: \"The time is always right to do what is right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn't \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FBI/status/849321344592470018\">the first time\u003c/a> the FBI sent out a statement honoring the slain civil rights leader on the holiday that bears his name, and the responses to the ostensible hypocrisy of it all were no less colorful than they had been in previous years: expletive-filled kiss-offs, angry memes and links or screenshots from articles detailing the agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/16/magazine/what-an-uncensored-letter-to-mlk-reveals.html\">notoriously relentless surveillance of King\u003c/a> in the final years of his life. Few took the FBI's \"honor\" seriously, because why would they? In the 1960s, the organization, led by its director J. Edgar Hoover, made active attempts to dismantle King's work and influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is neither new nor little-known information, but that doesn't render Sam Pollard's documentary \"MLK/FBI,\" now streaming on demand, less essential. Working with recently declassified documents from the National Archives, which reveal a deeper sense as to the extent and insidiousness of the agency's surveillance, the film aims to restore dimensions to the now-flattened image of King, who today is often reduced to iconography and erroneously viewed by many as having been a noncontroversial figure during his lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like Ava DuVernay's \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/12/27/373465623/for-hollywood-selma-is-a-new-kind-of-civil-rights-story\">Selma\u003c/a>,\" a dramatization with similar aims, it succeeds: Pollard and his team – which includes writers Benjamin Hedin (also the producer) and Laura Tomaselli (also the editor), as well as archival producer Brian Becker – craft an immersive historical play-by-play of how and why King became a target for Hoover and his cohort, placing the activist firmly in context within the era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BFI/status/1348932738968035328\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interviews with various scholars, former FBI officials like James Comey, and King's close friends and confidants play out primarily in voice-over (we see no talking heads until the film's final minutes), which allows the filmmakers to be creative in their visual storytelling. In addition to Becker's uncovering of rare news clips and footage of King with his family, an effective narrative choice is in the frequent use of excerpts from movies like\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCkjDRhk1-E\"> \"I Was a Communist for the FBI\"\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMl1fmMkrp8\">\"The FBI Story\"\u003c/a>. Beverly Gage, author of \"G-Man: J. Edgar Hoover and the American Century,\" tracks the making of the myth of the FBI as a heroic, moral institution, one driven in large part by the plethora of pro-FBI content in media and entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \"MLK/FBI\" explains, it's King's association with Stanley Levison, a progressive lawyer and businessman with Communist Party ties, that initially caught the attention of Hoover. But it was his growing impact on the international stage (the Nobel Peace Prize award in 1964; the \"I Have a Dream\" speech at the March on Washington in 1963), as well as the discovery of his extramarital affairs, which kicked the FBI's espionage of King into high gear, manifesting into a years-long obsession. The filmmakers don't shy away from the more unsavory details – including a potentially unreliable FBI document suggesting King was present during the sexual assault of a woman by another man – instead engaging with them head on, as interviewees make the strong case for viewing the investigation as one driven by the deeply ingrained perception of black men as inherent sexual deviants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recurring themes arise. On a federal judge's order, the surveillance tapes of King are sealed in the National Archives until at least 2027, and ethical questions are posed about whether dissecting these details are yet another invasion of King's privacy. There are cautions against taking the content of the documents at face value, because of the inherent racial biases and at-times dubious methods of their authors. And of course, there's the concern over King's legacy and how it might crack under revelations that seemingly contradict his near-deified memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are valid issues worth wrestling with. But Pollard and his collaborators seem to know and trust that there is more to be gained from this exercise than lost. And as Clarence Jones, a speechwriter for King, puts it, \"Does [the truth of his romantic dalliances] make him in my mind less of an historic civil rights leader? No, it does not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such an engagement with one of the most recognizable figures of the 20th century has been long overdue. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/pence-twists-mlk-legacy-black-lives-matter-1021596/\">common schtick\u003c/a> among those decrying Black Lives Matter \"rioters\" is to compare the activists and their supporters unfavorably to King and the civil rights movement. The modern-day tactics for protest and activism – say, taking a knee or calling for the removal of Confederate monuments – are the \"wrong way\" and are only sowing further division, they suggest, while King knew how to demonstrate \"right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They willfully ignore the facts of the FBI's insidious infiltration of King's inner circle, and the marking of him at one point as \"the most dangerous Negro\" in the country by one of the agency's top officials. They evade the truth of his outspokenness against United States involvement in the Vietnam War at a time when it was politically dangerous to take such a position, leading even more people to turn against him toward the end. At one point in the documentary, Gage cites a public opinion poll taken after Hoover and King engaged in a public spat – 50% of respondents at the time sided with Hoover, and only 15-20% agreed with King. These reactions, and many more, all directed at the man (and movement) who advocated for many of the same things BLM is pushing for today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King's legacy is complicated, but certainly not undone, by \"MLK/FBI.\" That's a good thing; the more we see him as an extraordinary but flawed human being, the easier it is to envision a path forward.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New documentary 'MLK/FBI' explores declassified documents from the National Archives to restore dimensions to the now-flattened image of King, who today is often reduced to iconography and erroneously viewed by many as having been a noncontroversial figure during his lifetime.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1611084084,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":1030},"headData":{"title":"'MLK/FBI' Humanizes a Civil Rights Icon's Legacy | KQED","description":"New documentary 'MLK/FBI' explores declassified documents from the National Archives to restore dimensions to the now-flattened image of King, who today is often reduced to iconography and erroneously viewed by many as having been a noncontroversial figure during his lifetime.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'MLK/FBI' Humanizes a Civil Rights Icon's Legacy","datePublished":"2021-01-18T18:57:56.000Z","dateModified":"2021-01-19T19:21:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11855799 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11855799","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/01/18/mlk-fbi-humanizes-a-civil-rights-icons-legacy/","disqusTitle":"'MLK/FBI' Humanizes a Civil Rights Icon's Legacy","source":"NPR","nprByline":"Aisha Harris","path":"/news/11855799/mlk-fbi-humanizes-a-civil-rights-icons-legacy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A year ago, the official Twitter account of the Federal Bureau of Investigation tweeted, \"Today, the FBI honors the life and work of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.\" It was accompanied by a photo of the FBI Academy's reflecting pool, where a quote from King is etched in stone: \"The time is always right to do what is right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn't \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FBI/status/849321344592470018\">the first time\u003c/a> the FBI sent out a statement honoring the slain civil rights leader on the holiday that bears his name, and the responses to the ostensible hypocrisy of it all were no less colorful than they had been in previous years: expletive-filled kiss-offs, angry memes and links or screenshots from articles detailing the agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/16/magazine/what-an-uncensored-letter-to-mlk-reveals.html\">notoriously relentless surveillance of King\u003c/a> in the final years of his life. Few took the FBI's \"honor\" seriously, because why would they? In the 1960s, the organization, led by its director J. Edgar Hoover, made active attempts to dismantle King's work and influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is neither new nor little-known information, but that doesn't render Sam Pollard's documentary \"MLK/FBI,\" now streaming on demand, less essential. Working with recently declassified documents from the National Archives, which reveal a deeper sense as to the extent and insidiousness of the agency's surveillance, the film aims to restore dimensions to the now-flattened image of King, who today is often reduced to iconography and erroneously viewed by many as having been a noncontroversial figure during his lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like Ava DuVernay's \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/12/27/373465623/for-hollywood-selma-is-a-new-kind-of-civil-rights-story\">Selma\u003c/a>,\" a dramatization with similar aims, it succeeds: Pollard and his team – which includes writers Benjamin Hedin (also the producer) and Laura Tomaselli (also the editor), as well as archival producer Brian Becker – craft an immersive historical play-by-play of how and why King became a target for Hoover and his cohort, placing the activist firmly in context within the era.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1348932738968035328"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interviews with various scholars, former FBI officials like James Comey, and King's close friends and confidants play out primarily in voice-over (we see no talking heads until the film's final minutes), which allows the filmmakers to be creative in their visual storytelling. In addition to Becker's uncovering of rare news clips and footage of King with his family, an effective narrative choice is in the frequent use of excerpts from movies like\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCkjDRhk1-E\"> \"I Was a Communist for the FBI\"\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMl1fmMkrp8\">\"The FBI Story\"\u003c/a>. Beverly Gage, author of \"G-Man: J. Edgar Hoover and the American Century,\" tracks the making of the myth of the FBI as a heroic, moral institution, one driven in large part by the plethora of pro-FBI content in media and entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \"MLK/FBI\" explains, it's King's association with Stanley Levison, a progressive lawyer and businessman with Communist Party ties, that initially caught the attention of Hoover. But it was his growing impact on the international stage (the Nobel Peace Prize award in 1964; the \"I Have a Dream\" speech at the March on Washington in 1963), as well as the discovery of his extramarital affairs, which kicked the FBI's espionage of King into high gear, manifesting into a years-long obsession. The filmmakers don't shy away from the more unsavory details – including a potentially unreliable FBI document suggesting King was present during the sexual assault of a woman by another man – instead engaging with them head on, as interviewees make the strong case for viewing the investigation as one driven by the deeply ingrained perception of black men as inherent sexual deviants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recurring themes arise. On a federal judge's order, the surveillance tapes of King are sealed in the National Archives until at least 2027, and ethical questions are posed about whether dissecting these details are yet another invasion of King's privacy. There are cautions against taking the content of the documents at face value, because of the inherent racial biases and at-times dubious methods of their authors. And of course, there's the concern over King's legacy and how it might crack under revelations that seemingly contradict his near-deified memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are valid issues worth wrestling with. But Pollard and his collaborators seem to know and trust that there is more to be gained from this exercise than lost. And as Clarence Jones, a speechwriter for King, puts it, \"Does [the truth of his romantic dalliances] make him in my mind less of an historic civil rights leader? No, it does not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such an engagement with one of the most recognizable figures of the 20th century has been long overdue. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/pence-twists-mlk-legacy-black-lives-matter-1021596/\">common schtick\u003c/a> among those decrying Black Lives Matter \"rioters\" is to compare the activists and their supporters unfavorably to King and the civil rights movement. The modern-day tactics for protest and activism – say, taking a knee or calling for the removal of Confederate monuments – are the \"wrong way\" and are only sowing further division, they suggest, while King knew how to demonstrate \"right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They willfully ignore the facts of the FBI's insidious infiltration of King's inner circle, and the marking of him at one point as \"the most dangerous Negro\" in the country by one of the agency's top officials. They evade the truth of his outspokenness against United States involvement in the Vietnam War at a time when it was politically dangerous to take such a position, leading even more people to turn against him toward the end. At one point in the documentary, Gage cites a public opinion poll taken after Hoover and King engaged in a public spat – 50% of respondents at the time sided with Hoover, and only 15-20% agreed with King. These reactions, and many more, all directed at the man (and movement) who advocated for many of the same things BLM is pushing for today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King's legacy is complicated, but certainly not undone, by \"MLK/FBI.\" That's a good thing; the more we see him as an extraordinary but flawed human being, the easier it is to envision a path forward.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11855799/mlk-fbi-humanizes-a-civil-rights-icons-legacy","authors":["byline_news_11855799"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_29046","news_425","news_20755","news_29045"],"featImg":"news_11855800","label":"source_news_11855799"},"news_11829712":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11829712","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11829712","score":null,"sort":[1595539405000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-john-lewis-built-a-bridge-to-the-next-generation-in-the-pages-of-a-comic-book","title":"How John Lewis Built a Bridge to the Next Generation, in the Pages of a Comic Book","publishDate":1595539405,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>John Lewis was just 25 years old when he faced down death, marching across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, and into the rage of white law enforcement waiting on the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many monuments in this country, the arched bridge that leads over the Alabama River is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/18/us/politics/edmund-pettus-bridge-renamed-john-lewis.html\">named after\u003c/a> a confederate general and Ku Klux Klan grand dragon, who fought to keep people like Lewis brutally enslaved. In 1965, a century after America's formal system of chattel slavery ended, Lewis was still fighting for freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response was a violent attack by state troopers. Tear gas and police batons filled the air, the sound of skulls — of Lewis' skull — cracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The horrific images of that day were beamed into living rooms across the country, creating a groundswell of public and political support for the movement, leading to the passage of the \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/voting-rights-act-1965\">Voting Rights Act of 1965.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, the country was again galvanized by police violence against Black people. We watched George Floyd die in front of us across an agonizing span of almost nine minutes, his neck pinned beneath the knee of a white police officer. We watched \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/31/us/police-tactics-floyd-protests.html\">police beat\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/us/detroit-police-shooting-journalists.html\">shoot\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/14/nyregion/nypd-george-floyd-protests.html\">even drive their cars\u003c/a> into protesters and journalists. The crowds being beaten and injured by law enforcement were much more multiracial than they had been over half a century before, but they were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/05/us/police-violence-george-floyd.html\">stark reminders of systemic racism\u003c/a> in the use of police force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is something potent that when Lewis died on July 17, it was in the middle of another civil rights movement. The fact that his lifelong calls for justice, for an end to police violence, and for voting rights are still necessary shows how America's founding promise of freedom is also our unfinished business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lewis never stopped believing in the power of people to one day finish the job. He even left behind a comic book — the three-part graphic novel memoir \u003cem>March\u003c/em> — to share his story with the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To promote the book, Lewis went full fanboy, showing up at San Diego's Comic-Con \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/us/politics/john-lewis-comic-con.html\">multiple times\u003c/a>. Lewis \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/comic-riffs/wp/2015/07/13/the-real-origin-story-behind-how-rep-john-lewis-became-the-hit-of-comic-con/\">even cosplayed himself\u003c/a> — recreating his famous march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in the halls of San Diego's convention center. He replicated his outfit, scouring thrift stores to find a trench coat that matched the one he had worn 50 years before and filling a vintage backpack with fruit, water and books. This time it wasn't 600 protesters, but a group of school children who took his hands and followed his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did a sitting U.S. congressman and iconic civil rights leader end up becoming a best-selling graphic novelist and Comic-Con's favorite cosplayer? As you might expect, there's an origin story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of staffers on Lewis' 2008 reelection campaign were sitting around, talking about summer plans, including Andrew Aydin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unashamed, I said I would be going to a comic book convention. And there was a little teasing, but Congressman Lewis stood up for me,\" Aydin recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis said, \"I just said, 'You shouldn't laugh. At another time in another period there was a comic book called \u003cem>The Montgomery Story\u003c/em> ― Martin Luther King Jr. and the Montgomery story — that inspired me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1958, at 18 years old, having just arrived at college, Lewis stumbled upon a comic book that played a role in his rapid evolution into a civil rights leader. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.crmvet.org/docs/ms_for_comic.pdf\">16-page long comic\u003c/a> tells the story of Rosa Parks' symbolic refusal, and it also gives a detailed account of how to practice nonviolent resistance. It was a lesson Lewis took to heart when he staged sit-ins at segregated lunch counters in Nashville in the late '50s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was on February the 13th, and we had the very first sit-in here,\" Lewis said in a 1960 NBC documentary. \"I took my seat at the counter. I asked the waiter for a hamburger and a Coke.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis' staffer, Aydin, knew the history but he hadn't known about the old comic book. Aydin became convinced Lewis should tell his story as a graphic novel. But Lewis wasn't so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought he was somewhat out of his mind. Why would I be writing a comic book?\" Lewis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then he thought back: \"I do remember reading \u003cem>The Montgomery Story\u003c/em> comic book, and I said, 'Yes, if you would do it with me.' And it's been a labor of love.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That labor brought Lewis, alongside co-writer Aydin and the book's artist, Nate Powell, to Comic-Con in San Diego to launch the first book in 2013. While the geek and supernatural mecca known for its outlandish costumes may seem like an odd location for a sitting congressman, almost immediately Lewis fit right in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting in line for Lewis' signature, right next to a guy in an elaborate transformers costume, was Mary Clark, a teacher at San Elijo Middle School in San Marcos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will go into my library collection,\" Clark said. \"As a graphic novel, sometimes students who aren't really enthusiastic readers will pick it up thinking it's about the pictures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, graphic novels like this can be the history equivalent of hiding healthy Brussels sprouts in a fussy eater's mac and cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis was always adamant that \u003cem>March\u003c/em> was more than just biography. Like the Martin Luther King Jr. comic book that inspired him, the trilogy was always meant to be a primer on protest and what it means to march for justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the third book in the \u003cem>March\u003c/em> trilogy won a National Book Award. Lewis, with Aydin and Powell beside him, gave \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqmYNOPVyO4\">a powerful speech\u003c/a>. Through tears, he recalled that when he was 16 years old, he tried to get a card from his local library. There were few books at home, and he wanted to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were told the library was for whites only, and not for coloreds,\" Lewis said. It is a meaningful reminder of the distance we have traveled since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Martin Luther King Jr. Day earlier that same year, a group of Black Lives Matter protesters gathered on the Bay Bridge between Oakland and San Francisco. For hours they \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jan/19/black-lives-matter-protesters-block-san-franciscos-bay-bridge\">blocked five lanes of traffic on the westbound span\u003c/a>. They were dressed to the nines in their Sunday best, donning suits and fedoras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They dressed like that, they said, to replicate and echo the marchers on another bridge, on another day, in another chapter of this fight. Their outfits were a direct nod to Lewis' march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a meaningful reminder that we are still a bridge too far from the justice Lewis fought for, which is perhaps why he left an instruction book, in the form of a graphic novel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember hearing Martin Luther King Jr. preach from time to time,\" Lewis said. \"And his father would be in the pulpit. And he would say, 'Son, make it plain, make it plain.' So, between Nate and Andrew, they made it plain.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Civil rights superhero John Lewis, who died on June 17, wrote a comic book adaption of his life story which doubles as a protest playbook, so that future generations can carry on his \"March.\" ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1595547231,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1197},"headData":{"title":"How John Lewis Built a Bridge to the Next Generation, in the Pages of a Comic Book | KQED","description":"Civil rights superhero John Lewis, who died on June 17, wrote a comic book adaption of his life story which doubles as a protest playbook, so that future generations can carry on his "March." ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How John Lewis Built a Bridge to the Next Generation, in the Pages of a Comic Book","datePublished":"2020-07-23T21:23:25.000Z","dateModified":"2020-07-23T23:33:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11829712 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11829712","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/07/23/how-john-lewis-built-a-bridge-to-the-next-generation-in-the-pages-of-a-comic-book/","disqusTitle":"How John Lewis Built a Bridge to the Next Generation, in the Pages of a Comic Book","nprImageAgency":" ","nprStoryId":"216884526","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=216884526&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2013/08/31/216884526/graphic-novel-depicts-john-lewis-march-toward-justice?ft=nprml&f=216884526","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 23 Jun 2016 07:59:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Sat, 31 Aug 2013 04:57:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 23 Jun 2016 07:59:53 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2013/08/20130831_wesat_08.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1015&d=357&p=7&story=216884526&ft=nprml&f=216884526","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1217511073-6159de.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1015&d=357&p=7&story=216884526&ft=nprml&f=216884526","path":"/news/11829712/how-john-lewis-built-a-bridge-to-the-next-generation-in-the-pages-of-a-comic-book","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2013/08/20130831_wesat_08.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1015&d=357&p=7&story=216884526&ft=nprml&f=216884526","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>John Lewis was just 25 years old when he faced down death, marching across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, and into the rage of white law enforcement waiting on the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many monuments in this country, the arched bridge that leads over the Alabama River is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/18/us/politics/edmund-pettus-bridge-renamed-john-lewis.html\">named after\u003c/a> a confederate general and Ku Klux Klan grand dragon, who fought to keep people like Lewis brutally enslaved. In 1965, a century after America's formal system of chattel slavery ended, Lewis was still fighting for freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response was a violent attack by state troopers. Tear gas and police batons filled the air, the sound of skulls — of Lewis' skull — cracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The horrific images of that day were beamed into living rooms across the country, creating a groundswell of public and political support for the movement, leading to the passage of the \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/voting-rights-act-1965\">Voting Rights Act of 1965.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, the country was again galvanized by police violence against Black people. We watched George Floyd die in front of us across an agonizing span of almost nine minutes, his neck pinned beneath the knee of a white police officer. We watched \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/31/us/police-tactics-floyd-protests.html\">police beat\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/us/detroit-police-shooting-journalists.html\">shoot\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/14/nyregion/nypd-george-floyd-protests.html\">even drive their cars\u003c/a> into protesters and journalists. The crowds being beaten and injured by law enforcement were much more multiracial than they had been over half a century before, but they were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/05/us/police-violence-george-floyd.html\">stark reminders of systemic racism\u003c/a> in the use of police force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is something potent that when Lewis died on July 17, it was in the middle of another civil rights movement. The fact that his lifelong calls for justice, for an end to police violence, and for voting rights are still necessary shows how America's founding promise of freedom is also our unfinished business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lewis never stopped believing in the power of people to one day finish the job. He even left behind a comic book — the three-part graphic novel memoir \u003cem>March\u003c/em> — to share his story with the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To promote the book, Lewis went full fanboy, showing up at San Diego's Comic-Con \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/us/politics/john-lewis-comic-con.html\">multiple times\u003c/a>. Lewis \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/comic-riffs/wp/2015/07/13/the-real-origin-story-behind-how-rep-john-lewis-became-the-hit-of-comic-con/\">even cosplayed himself\u003c/a> — recreating his famous march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in the halls of San Diego's convention center. He replicated his outfit, scouring thrift stores to find a trench coat that matched the one he had worn 50 years before and filling a vintage backpack with fruit, water and books. This time it wasn't 600 protesters, but a group of school children who took his hands and followed his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did a sitting U.S. congressman and iconic civil rights leader end up becoming a best-selling graphic novelist and Comic-Con's favorite cosplayer? As you might expect, there's an origin story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of staffers on Lewis' 2008 reelection campaign were sitting around, talking about summer plans, including Andrew Aydin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unashamed, I said I would be going to a comic book convention. And there was a little teasing, but Congressman Lewis stood up for me,\" Aydin recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis said, \"I just said, 'You shouldn't laugh. At another time in another period there was a comic book called \u003cem>The Montgomery Story\u003c/em> ― Martin Luther King Jr. and the Montgomery story — that inspired me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1958, at 18 years old, having just arrived at college, Lewis stumbled upon a comic book that played a role in his rapid evolution into a civil rights leader. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.crmvet.org/docs/ms_for_comic.pdf\">16-page long comic\u003c/a> tells the story of Rosa Parks' symbolic refusal, and it also gives a detailed account of how to practice nonviolent resistance. It was a lesson Lewis took to heart when he staged sit-ins at segregated lunch counters in Nashville in the late '50s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was on February the 13th, and we had the very first sit-in here,\" Lewis said in a 1960 NBC documentary. \"I took my seat at the counter. I asked the waiter for a hamburger and a Coke.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis' staffer, Aydin, knew the history but he hadn't known about the old comic book. Aydin became convinced Lewis should tell his story as a graphic novel. But Lewis wasn't so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought he was somewhat out of his mind. Why would I be writing a comic book?\" Lewis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then he thought back: \"I do remember reading \u003cem>The Montgomery Story\u003c/em> comic book, and I said, 'Yes, if you would do it with me.' And it's been a labor of love.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That labor brought Lewis, alongside co-writer Aydin and the book's artist, Nate Powell, to Comic-Con in San Diego to launch the first book in 2013. While the geek and supernatural mecca known for its outlandish costumes may seem like an odd location for a sitting congressman, almost immediately Lewis fit right in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting in line for Lewis' signature, right next to a guy in an elaborate transformers costume, was Mary Clark, a teacher at San Elijo Middle School in San Marcos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will go into my library collection,\" Clark said. \"As a graphic novel, sometimes students who aren't really enthusiastic readers will pick it up thinking it's about the pictures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, graphic novels like this can be the history equivalent of hiding healthy Brussels sprouts in a fussy eater's mac and cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewis was always adamant that \u003cem>March\u003c/em> was more than just biography. Like the Martin Luther King Jr. comic book that inspired him, the trilogy was always meant to be a primer on protest and what it means to march for justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the third book in the \u003cem>March\u003c/em> trilogy won a National Book Award. Lewis, with Aydin and Powell beside him, gave \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqmYNOPVyO4\">a powerful speech\u003c/a>. Through tears, he recalled that when he was 16 years old, he tried to get a card from his local library. There were few books at home, and he wanted to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were told the library was for whites only, and not for coloreds,\" Lewis said. It is a meaningful reminder of the distance we have traveled since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Martin Luther King Jr. Day earlier that same year, a group of Black Lives Matter protesters gathered on the Bay Bridge between Oakland and San Francisco. For hours they \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jan/19/black-lives-matter-protesters-block-san-franciscos-bay-bridge\">blocked five lanes of traffic on the westbound span\u003c/a>. They were dressed to the nines in their Sunday best, donning suits and fedoras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They dressed like that, they said, to replicate and echo the marchers on another bridge, on another day, in another chapter of this fight. Their outfits were a direct nod to Lewis' march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a meaningful reminder that we are still a bridge too far from the justice Lewis fought for, which is perhaps why he left an instruction book, in the form of a graphic novel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember hearing Martin Luther King Jr. preach from time to time,\" Lewis said. \"And his father would be in the pulpit. And he would say, 'Son, make it plain, make it plain.' So, between Nate and Andrew, they made it plain.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11829712/how-john-lewis-built-a-bridge-to-the-next-generation-in-the-pages-of-a-comic-book","authors":["7239"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_28031","news_28281","news_20755"],"featImg":"news_11829713","label":"news"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. 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No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. 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Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. 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