SF Reports Latinx Majority in New HIV Diagnoses Despite Overall Drop
As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why?
'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove
Teens Say #MeToo, Good News For Trans Asylum Seeker, Mourning Two Pandemics
Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic
The Pandemic Feels Like Déjà Vu For Some Survivors of the HIV/AIDS Crisis
Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19
Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic
LGBTQ Groups Call on Facebook to Remove Misleading Ads About HIV Prevention Drugs
Sponsored
window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={"attachmentsReducer":{"audio_0":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_0","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"}}},"audio_1":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_1","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"}}},"audio_2":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_2","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"}}},"audio_3":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_3","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"}}},"audio_4":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_4","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"}}},"placeholder":{"type":"attachments","id":"placeholder","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-160x96.jpg","width":160,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-800x478.jpg","width":800,"height":478,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1020x610.jpg","width":1020,"height":610,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-960x574.jpg","width":960,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-240x143.jpg","width":240,"height":143,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-375x224.jpg","width":375,"height":224,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-520x311.jpg","width":520,"height":311,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-e1514998105161.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148}}},"news_11969002":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11969002","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11969002","found":true},"title":"World Aids Day Marked In San Francisco","publishDate":1701736984,"status":"inherit","parent":0,"modified":1701751509,"caption":"The names of the victims of AIDS are seen written in chalk on Castro Street in San Francisco on Dec. 1, 2023.","credit":"Justin Sullivan/Getty Images","altTag":"A large red ribbon and several names are written in chalk on a sidewalk.","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-800x506.jpg","width":800,"height":506,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-1020x645.jpg","width":1020,"height":645,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-160x101.jpg","width":160,"height":101,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-1536x972.jpg","width":1536,"height":972,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED-1920x1214.jpg","width":1920,"height":1214,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/231204-WORLD-AIDS-DAY-GETTY-JS-KQED.jpg","width":2000,"height":1265}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11965426":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11965426","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11965426","found":true},"title":"231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED","publishDate":1698176040,"status":"inherit","parent":0,"modified":1698712263,"caption":"Catalina O'Connor and Zoe Huey rehearse for the Bay Curious National AIDS Memorial Walking Tour in the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on Oct. 22, 2023.","credit":"Beth LaBerge/KQED","altTag":"Two people hold each other, appearing to be dancing, in a wooded area.","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg","width":800,"height":533,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"height":680,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg","width":160,"height":107,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg","width":1536,"height":1024,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED.jpg","width":2000,"height":1333}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11965428":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11965428","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11965428","found":true},"title":"231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED","publishDate":1698176109,"status":"inherit","parent":0,"modified":1698264039,"caption":"Tajh Stallworth and Jubilee rehearse for the Bay Curious National AIDS Memorial Walking Tour in the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on Oct. 22, 2023.","credit":"Beth LaBerge/KQED","altTag":"Two people hold each other, appearing to be dancing, in a wooded area.","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg","width":800,"height":533,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"height":680,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg","width":160,"height":107,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg","width":1536,"height":1024,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED.jpg","width":2000,"height":1333}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11876388":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11876388","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11876388","found":true},"title":"LGHS Rally (Courtesy A. Panu)","publishDate":1622673365,"status":"inherit","parent":11876356,"modified":1622750801,"caption":"Students and alums rallied over sexual assault at the Los Gatos High School football field July 2020.","credit":"Courtesy of A. Panu","altTag":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg","width":800,"height":534,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-160x107.jpg","width":160,"height":107,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-1000x576.jpg","width":1000,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu.jpg","width":1000,"height":667}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11849582":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11849582","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11849582","found":true},"title":"RS46185_IMG_2619-qut","publishDate":1607041303,"status":"inherit","parent":11849549,"modified":1607116642,"caption":"Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, on Political Breakdown. ","credit":null,"altTag":"\"\"","description":"Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, on Political Breakdown. ","imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-800x600.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1020x765.jpg","width":1020,"height":765,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-160x120.jpg","width":160,"height":120,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1536x1152.jpg","width":1536,"height":1152,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1832x1374.jpg","width":1832,"height":1374,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1376x1032.jpg","width":1376,"height":1032,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1044x783.jpg","width":1044,"height":783,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-632x474.jpg","width":632,"height":474,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-536x402.jpg","width":536,"height":402,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1122x1440.jpg","width":1122,"height":1440,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-840x1120.jpg","width":840,"height":1120,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-687x916.jpg","width":687,"height":916,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-414x552.jpg","width":414,"height":552,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-354x472.jpg","width":354,"height":472,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1472x1440.jpg","width":1472,"height":1440,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-1104x1104.jpg","width":1104,"height":1104,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-912x912.jpg","width":912,"height":912,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-550x550.jpg","width":550,"height":550,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223-470x470.jpg","width":470,"height":470,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS46185_IMG_2619-qut-e1607041411223.jpg","width":1920,"height":1440}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11833412":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11833412","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11833412","found":true},"title":"GettyImages-50861211-1020x834","publishDate":1597433626,"status":"inherit","parent":11833410,"modified":1597433654,"caption":"ACT-UP protesters march through the streets surrounding the U.S. Capitol and shout \"shame\" outside the office of the Republican National Committee on May 20, 2004, in Washington, D.C.","credit":"TIM SLOAN/AFP via Getty Images","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-800x654.jpg","width":800,"height":654,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-160x131.jpg","width":160,"height":131,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-1020x576.jpg","width":1020,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-1020x783.jpg","width":1020,"height":783,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-632x474.jpg","width":632,"height":474,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-536x402.jpg","width":536,"height":402,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-840x834.jpg","width":840,"height":834,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-687x834.jpg","width":687,"height":834,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-414x552.jpg","width":414,"height":552,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-354x472.jpg","width":354,"height":472,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-912x834.jpg","width":912,"height":834,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-550x550.jpg","width":550,"height":550,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1-470x470.jpg","width":470,"height":470,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/GettyImages-50861211-1020x834-1.jpg","width":1020,"height":834}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11828021":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11828021","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11828021","found":true},"title":"John Potterat age 32-1974","publishDate":1594259224,"status":"inherit","parent":11828008,"modified":1594332199,"caption":"John Potterat was a contact tracer for 40 years, working through epidemics of syphilis, gonorrhea and HIV. Here, he is seated at his desk in Colorado Spring, 1974. ","credit":"Courtesy of John Potterat","description":"John Potterat was a contact tracer for 40 years, working through epidemics of syphilis, gonorrhea and HIV. Here, he is seated at his desk in Colorado Spring, 1974. ","imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-800x571.jpg","width":800,"height":571,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1020x728.jpg","width":1020,"height":728,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-160x114.jpg","width":160,"height":114,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1536x1096.jpg","width":1536,"height":1096,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"2048x2048":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-2048x1461.jpg","width":2048,"height":1461,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1920x1370.jpg","width":1920,"height":1370,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1832x1374.jpg","width":1832,"height":1374,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1376x1032.jpg","width":1376,"height":1032,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1044x783.jpg","width":1044,"height":783,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-632x474.jpg","width":632,"height":474,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-536x402.jpg","width":536,"height":402,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1122x1496.jpg","width":1122,"height":1496,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-840x1120.jpg","width":840,"height":1120,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-687x916.jpg","width":687,"height":916,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-414x552.jpg","width":414,"height":552,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-354x472.jpg","width":354,"height":472,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1472x1472.jpg","width":1472,"height":1472,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-1104x1104.jpg","width":1104,"height":1104,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-912x912.jpg","width":912,"height":912,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-550x550.jpg","width":550,"height":550,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-470x470.jpg","width":470,"height":470,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/John-Potterat-age-32-1974-scaled-e1594259267466.jpg","width":1920,"height":1370}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11810556":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11810556","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11810556","found":true},"title":"RS42514_Mer logo pic1-qut","publishDate":1585949382,"status":"inherit","parent":11810441,"modified":1585950075,"caption":"Meridy Volz eats her Sticky Fingers Brownies.","credit":"Courtesy of Meridy Volz","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-160x126.jpg","width":160,"height":126,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-800x632.jpg","width":800,"height":632,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1020x806.jpg","width":1020,"height":806,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1334x1032.jpg","width":1334,"height":1032,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1044x783.jpg","width":1044,"height":783,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-632x474.jpg","width":632,"height":474,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-536x402.jpg","width":536,"height":402,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1122x1054.jpg","width":1122,"height":1054,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-840x1054.jpg","width":840,"height":1054,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-687x916.jpg","width":687,"height":916,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-414x552.jpg","width":414,"height":552,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-354x472.jpg","width":354,"height":472,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_9_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-1104x1054.jpg","width":1104,"height":1054,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_5_5":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-912x912.jpg","width":912,"height":912,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_7":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-550x550.jpg","width":550,"height":550,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"apple_news_ca_square_4_0":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1-470x470.jpg","width":470,"height":470,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42514_Mer-logo-pic1-qut-1.jpg","width":1334,"height":1054}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"news_11724773":{"type":"attachments","id":"news_11724773","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"news","id":"11724773","found":true},"title":"Truvada","publishDate":1549661168,"status":"inherit","parent":11724586,"modified":1549661209,"caption":"Bottles of the antiretroviral drug Truvada.","credit":"Justin Sullivan/Getty Images","description":"Bottles of the antiretroviral drug Truvada.","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-160x104.jpg","width":160,"height":104,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-800x518.jpg","width":800,"height":518,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-1020x661.jpg","width":1020,"height":661,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-1200x778.jpg","width":1200,"height":778,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-1920x1244.jpg","width":1920,"height":1244,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Truvada.jpg","width":1920,"height":1244}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_news_11965937":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_news_11965937","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_news_11965937","name":"María Fernanda Bernal","isLoading":false},"ohubertallen":{"type":"authors","id":"102","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"102","found":true},"name":"Olivia Allen-Price","firstName":"Olivia","lastName":"Allen-Price","slug":"ohubertallen","email":"oallenprice@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Senior Editor","bio":"Olivia Allen-Price is senior editor and host of the award-winning Bay Curious podcast. Prior to joining KQED in 2013, Olivia worked at The Baltimore Sun and The Virginian-Pilot in Norfolk, Va. She holds degrees in journalism and political science from Elon University. Her work has earned awards from the Society of Professional Journalists, the Hearst Foundation and Hearken. She loves to talk about running and curly hair.\r\n\r\nFollow: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">@oallenprice\u003c/a>\r\nEmail: \u003ca href=\"mailto:oallenprice@kqed.org\">oallenprice@kqed.org\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fdd38db811fcf449bd7d7db84a39eea1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"oallenprice","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"arts","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"styleguide","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"news","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"breakingnews","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Olivia Allen-Price | KQED","description":"Senior Editor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fdd38db811fcf449bd7d7db84a39eea1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fdd38db811fcf449bd7d7db84a39eea1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ohubertallen"},"kqed":{"type":"authors","id":"236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"236","found":true},"name":"KQED News Staff","firstName":"KQED News Staff","lastName":null,"slug":"kqed","email":"faq@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef0e801a68c4c54afa9180db14084167?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"KQED News Staff | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef0e801a68c4c54afa9180db14084167?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef0e801a68c4c54afa9180db14084167?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kqed"},"rachael-myrow":{"type":"authors","id":"251","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"251","found":true},"name":"Rachael Myrow","firstName":"Rachael","lastName":"Myrow","slug":"rachael-myrow","email":"rmyrow@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Senior Editor of KQED's Silicon Valley News Desk","bio":"Rachael Myrow is Senior Editor of KQED's Silicon Valley News Desk. You can hear her work on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/search?query=Rachael%20Myrow&page=1\">NPR\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://theworld.org/people/rachael-myrow\">The World\u003c/a>, WBUR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/search?q=Rachael%20Myrow\">\u003ci>Here & Now\u003c/i>\u003c/a> and the BBC. \u003c/i>She also guest hosts for KQED's \u003ci>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/tag/rachael-myrow\">Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/i>. Over the years, she's talked with Kamau Bell, David Byrne, Kamala Harris, Tony Kushner, Armistead Maupin, Van Dyke Parks, Arnold Schwarzenegger and Tommie Smith, among others.\r\n\r\nBefore all this, she hosted \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> for 7+ years, reporting on topics like \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/on-a-mission-to-reform-assisted-living\">assisted living facilities\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/12/01/367703789/amazon-unleashes-robot-army-to-send-your-holiday-packages-faster\">robot takeover\u003c/a> of Amazon, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/50822/in-search-of-the-chocolate-persimmon\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chocolate persimmons\u003c/a>.\r\n\r\nAwards? Sure: Peabody, Edward R. Murrow, Regional Edward R. Murrow, RTNDA, Northern California RTNDA, SPJ Northern California Chapter, LA Press Club, Golden Mic. Prior to joining KQED, Rachael worked in Los Angeles at KPCC and Marketplace. She holds degrees in English and journalism from UC Berkeley (where she got her start in public radio on KALX-FM).\r\n\r\nOutside of the studio, you'll find Rachael hiking Bay Area trails and whipping up Instagram-ready meals in her kitchen.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"rachaelmyrow","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachaelmyrow/","sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"news","roles":["edit_others_posts","editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Rachael Myrow | KQED","description":"Senior Editor of KQED's Silicon Valley News Desk","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rachael-myrow"},"scottshafer":{"type":"authors","id":"255","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"255","found":true},"name":"Scott Shafer","firstName":"Scott","lastName":"Shafer","slug":"scottshafer","email":"sshafer@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Scott Shafer came to KQED in 1998 to host the statewide\u003cem> California Report\u003c/em>. Prior to that he had extended stints in politics and government\u003cem>.\u003c/em> Using that inside experience, he is now Senior Editor for KQED's Politics and Government Desk where he provides reporting, hosting and analysis while also overseeing the politics desk. Scott co-hosts the weekly show and podcast \u003cem>Political Breakdown a\u003c/em>nd he collaborated on \u003cem>The Political Mind of Jerry Brown, \u003c/em>an eight-part series about the life and extraordinary political career of the former governor. For fun, he plays water polo with the San Francisco Tsunami.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a62ebae45b79d7aed1a39a0e3bf68104?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"scottshafer","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Scott Shafer | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a62ebae45b79d7aed1a39a0e3bf68104?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a62ebae45b79d7aed1a39a0e3bf68104?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/scottshafer"},"adembosky":{"type":"authors","id":"3205","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3205","found":true},"name":"April Dembosky","firstName":"April","lastName":"Dembosky","slug":"adembosky","email":"adembosky@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"KQED Health Correspondent","bio":"April Dembosky is the health correspondent for KQED News and a regular contributor to NPR. She specializes in covering altered states of mind, from postpartum depression to methamphetamine-induced psychosis to the insanity defense. Her investigative series on insurance companies sidestepping mental health laws won multiple awards, including first place in beat reporting from the national Association of Health Care Journalists. She is the recipient of numerous other prizes and fellowships, including a national Edward R. Murrow award for investigative reporting, a Society of Professional Journalists award for long-form storytelling, and a Carter Center Fellowship for Mental Health Journalism.\r\n\r\nDembosky reported and produced \u003cem>Soundtrack of Silence\u003c/em>, an audio documentary about music and memory that is currently being made into a feature film by Paramount Pictures.\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED in 2013, Dembosky covered technology and Silicon Valley for \u003cem>The Financial Times of London,\u003c/em> and contributed business and arts stories to \u003cem>Marketplace \u003c/em>and \u003cem>The New York Times.\u003c/em> She got her undergraduate degree in philosophy from Smith College and her master's in journalism from the University of California, Berkeley. She is a classically trained violinist and proud alum of the first symphony orchestra at Burning Man.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef92999be4ceb9ea60701e7dc276f813?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"adembosky","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"April Dembosky | KQED","description":"KQED Health Correspondent","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef92999be4ceb9ea60701e7dc276f813?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ef92999be4ceb9ea60701e7dc276f813?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/adembosky"},"lmorehouse":{"type":"authors","id":"3229","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3229","found":true},"name":"Lisa Morehouse","firstName":"Lisa","lastName":"Morehouse","slug":"lmorehouse","email":"morehouse.lisa@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Lisa Morehouse is an award-winning public radio and print journalist, who has filed for National Public Radio, American Public Media, KQED Public Radio, Edutopia, and McSweeney’s. Her reporting has taken her from Samoan traveling circuses to Mississippi Delta classrooms to the homes of Lao refugees in rural Iowa. In addition to reporting, she teaches radio production to at-risk youth in the Bay Area. Her series \u003ca href=\"http://afterthegoldrushradio.com/\">After the Gold Rush\u003c/a> featured the changing industries, populations and identities of rural towns throughout California. She’s now producing \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>, a series exploring the intersections of food, culture, economics, history and labor. Follow along on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/californiafoodways?ref=hl\">Facebook page\u003c/a> or on Twitter @cafoodways.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lisa Morehouse | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lmorehouse"},"mlagos":{"type":"authors","id":"3239","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3239","found":true},"name":"Marisa Lagos","firstName":"Marisa","lastName":"Lagos","slug":"mlagos","email":"mlagos@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marisa Lagos is a correspondent for KQED’s California Politics and Government Desk and co-hosts a weekly show and podcast, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political Breakdown.\u003c/span>\u003c/i> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At KQED, Lagos conducts reporting, analysis and investigations into state, local and national politics for radio, TV and online. Every week, she and cohost Scott Shafer sit down with political insiders on \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political Breakdown\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, where they offer a peek into lives and personalities of those driving politics in California and beyond. \u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Previously, she worked for nine years at the San Francisco Chronicle covering San Francisco City Hall and state politics; and at the San Francisco Examiner and Los Angeles Time,. She has won awards for her work investigating the 2017 wildfires and her ongoing coverage of criminal justice issues in California. She lives in San Francisco with her two sons and husband.\u003c/span>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@mlagos","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Marisa Lagos | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mlagos"},"dkatayama":{"type":"authors","id":"7240","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"7240","found":true},"name":"Devin Katayama","firstName":"Devin","lastName":"Katayama","slug":"dkatayama","email":"dkatayama@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Editor of Talent and Development","bio":"Devin Katayama is former Editor of Talent and Development for KQED. He supported our internship program and on-call staff by looking for equitable opportunities to improve the newsroom.\r\n\r\nHe previously hosted The Bay and American Suburb podcasts from KQED News. Prior to returning to the Bay Area in 2015, Devin was the education reporter for WFPL in Louisville and worked as a producer with radio stations in Chicago and Portland, OR. His work has appeared on NPR’s \u003cem>Morning Edition, All Things Considered, The Takeaway\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Here and Now.\u003c/em>\r\n\r\nDevin earned his MA in Journalism from Columbia College Chicago, where he was a Follett Fellow and the recipient of the 2011 Studs Terkel Community Media Workshop Scholarship for his story on Chicago's homeless youth. He won WBUR's 2014 Daniel Schorr award and a regional RTNDA Edward R. Murrow Award for his documentary \"At Risk\" that looked at issues facing some of Louisville's students. Devin has also received numerous local awards from the Associated Press and the Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"RadioDevin","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Devin Katayama | KQED","description":"Editor of Talent and Development","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dkatayama"},"ecruzguevarra":{"type":"authors","id":"8654","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"8654","found":true},"name":"Ericka Cruz Guevarra","firstName":"Ericka","lastName":"Cruz Guevarra","slug":"ecruzguevarra","email":"ecruzguevarra@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Producer, The Bay Podcast","bio":"Ericka Cruz Guevarra is host of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay\">\u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em>\u003c/a> podcast at KQED. Before host, she was the show’s producer. Her work in that capacity includes a three-part reported series on policing in Vallejo, which won a 2020 excellence in journalism award from the Society of Professional Journalists. Ericka has worked as a breaking news reporter at Oregon Public Broadcasting, helped produce the Code Switch podcast, and was KQED’s inaugural Raul Ramirez Diversity Fund intern. She’s also an alumna of NPR’s Next Generation Radio program. Send her an email if you have strong feelings about whether Fairfield and Suisun City are the Bay.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25e5ab8d3d53fad2dcc7bb2b5c506b1a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"NotoriousECG","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ericka Cruz Guevarra | KQED","description":"Producer, The Bay Podcast","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25e5ab8d3d53fad2dcc7bb2b5c506b1a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25e5ab8d3d53fad2dcc7bb2b5c506b1a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ecruzguevarra"},"lesleymcclurg":{"type":"authors","id":"11229","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11229","found":true},"name":"Lesley McClurg","firstName":"Lesley","lastName":"McClurg","slug":"lesleymcclurg","email":"lmcclurg@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"KQED Health Correspondent","bio":"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lesley McClurg is a health correspondent and fill-in host. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her work is regularly rebroadcast on numerous NPR and PBS shows. She has won several regional Emmy awards, a regional and a national Edward R. Murrow award. The Association for Health Journalists awarded Lesley best beat coverage. The Society of Professional Journalists has recognized her reporting several times. The Society of Environmental Journalists spotlighted her ongoing coverage of California's historic drought. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining KQED in 2016, she covered food and sustainability for Capital Public Radio, the environment for Colorado Public Radio, and reported for both KUOW and KCTS9 in Seattle. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When not hunched over her laptop Lesley enjoys skiing with her toddler, surfing with her husband or scheming their next globetrotting adventure. Before motherhood she relished dancing tango till sunrise. When on deadline she fuels herself almost exclusively on chocolate chips.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"lesleywmcclurg","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lesley McClurg | KQED","description":"KQED Health Correspondent","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lesleymcclurg"},"amontecillo":{"type":"authors","id":"11649","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11649","found":true},"name":"Alan Montecillo","firstName":"Alan","lastName":"Montecillo","slug":"amontecillo","email":"amontecillo@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Alan Montecillo is editor of \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/thebay\">The Bay\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>a local news and storytelling podcast from KQED. He's worked as a senior talk show producer for WILL in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, and was the founding producer and editor of \u003cem>Racist Sandwich\u003c/em>, a podcast about food, race, class, and gender. He is a Filipino-American from Hong Kong and a graduate of Reed College in Portland, Oregon.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"alanmontecillo","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alan Montecillo | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5e4e7a76481969ccba76f4e2b5ccabc?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/amontecillo"},"sjohnson":{"type":"authors","id":"11840","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11840","found":true},"name":"Sydney Johnson","firstName":"Sydney","lastName":"Johnson","slug":"sjohnson","email":"sjohnson@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Reporter","bio":"Sydney Johnson is a general assignment reporter at KQED. She previously reported on public health and city government at the San Francisco Examiner, and before that, she covered statewide education policy for EdSource. Her reporting has won multiple local, state and national awards. Sydney is a graduate of the University of California, Berkeley and lives in San Francisco.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97855f2719b72ad6190b7c535fe642c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"sydneyfjohnson","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sydney Johnson | KQED","description":"KQED Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97855f2719b72ad6190b7c535fe642c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97855f2719b72ad6190b7c535fe642c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/sjohnson"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11968984":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11968984","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11968984","score":null,"sort":[1701799285000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sf-reports-latinx-majority-in-new-hiv-diagnoses-despite-overall-drop","title":"SF Reports Latinx Majority in New HIV Diagnoses Despite Overall Drop","publishDate":1701799285,"format":"standard","headTitle":"SF Reports Latinx Majority in New HIV Diagnoses Despite Overall Drop | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>San Francisco’s wide embrace of HIV prevention has led to a staggering decrease in new cases of the virus, which attacks the body’s immune system. But research released Tuesday by the San Francisco Department of Public Health shows the Latinx community is bearing the brunt of new diagnoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing for HIV has slightly recovered after a sharp decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the city works to maintain its decades-long progress on HIV, public health officials are noticing slight demographic shifts among populations that are most at risk — and adapting their response as a result. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Susan Buchbinder, co-chair, Getting to Zero Steering Committee\"]‘We are trying to understand ‘why’ as much as we can, and who within the Latinx community is most affected. It does seem to be men.’[/pullquote]“We are seeing an increase in new infections in the Latinx community,” Dr. Susan Buchbinder told KQED in an interview. Buchbinder is the co-chair of the Getting to Zero Steering Committee, an effort launched in 2013 to prevent any new HIV infections in San Francisco. “We are trying to understand ‘why’ as much as we can, and who within the Latinx community is most affected. It does seem to be men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found there were 157 new HIV diagnoses in San Francisco in 2022, a slight decrease from 2021 when there was a modest uptick. Overall, today’s new case rate for HIV infections is staggeringly lower than years and decades prior and has been largely on a downward trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annual HIV diagnoses among Latinx people started to exceed all other racial groups in 2018. But in 2022, the year data for the recent study was gathered, Latino cis men in particular had more new diagnoses than any other group for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not easy to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why#:~:text=Esperanza%20Macias%2C%20policy%20and%20communications,would%20face%20harassment%20and%20assault.\">attribute the shift\u003c/a> to any one cause, Buchbinder said, but factors include access to housing and health care, as well as place of origin and whether prevention was available before arriving in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claudia Cabrera-Lara, program director for HIV services at Instituto Familiar de la Raza, said that concerns around sharing one’s immigration status are another barrier for many undocumented immigrants who could benefit from HIV preventative care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the clients we work with are undocumented, and even though San Francisco is a sanctuary city, there is a fear that their information could be disclosed,” Cabrera-Lara told KQED. “That’s why so many people aren’t getting access to prep in the Latinx community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other marginalized social groups that experienced disproportionate rates of new HIV diagnoses include people who are homeless, which accounted for one in every five new cases in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will not be satisfied until we get to zero new infections, and more must be done,” said SFDPH Director of Health Dr. Grant Colfax, in a press release about the new report. “Breaking down barriers to provide stigma-free care that reaches the community is key, and working together across San Francisco’s robust HIV care and prevention infrastructure, we will do just that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11969006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1450px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11969006\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1.jpg\" alt=\"A chart that illustrated figures from a report that studies HIV cases diagnosed by race and ethnicity.\" width=\"1450\" height=\"843\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1.jpg 1450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-800x465.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-1020x593.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-160x93.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1450px) 100vw, 1450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Testing for HIV has slightly recovered after a sharp decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the city works to maintain its decades-long progress on HIV, public health officials are noticing slight demographic shifts among populations that are most at risk — and adapting their response as a result. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Francisco Department of Public Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In July, the Department of Public Health opened seven sites, called Health Access Points, focusing on increasing HIV prevention and treatment services for the Latinx community, African Americans, and other priority populations including people who use drugs, trans women and people who are homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the sites, people can get free testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, as well as treatment services and support with overdose prevention in a low-barrier setting, meaning they don’t need to prove any insurance or residence. The \u003ca href=\"https://learnsfdph.org/programs/health-access-point-hap/\">access points are located\u003c/a> within community-based nonprofits, such as the Rafiki Coalition, the San Francisco AIDS Foundation and the Instituto Familiar de la Raza. [aside postID=news_11965263 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']“We are excited to see the recent launch of the HAPs, which provide equitable access to HIV prevention, care and treatment services,” said Health Officer Dr. Susan Philip in the press announcement. “Providing comprehensive, whole-person care delivered by expert community service providers to those who have traditionally experienced barriers will help us address disparities and reduce new HIV diagnoses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total number of people living with HIV who died in 2022 increased from 279 in 2021 to 312 in 2022, the report shows. Many of those deaths, however, were from causes not directly tied to HIV, and the number of late-stage HIV-related deaths has decreased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, in part, because San Francisco’s population of people living with HIV is getting older and dying of other causes. They might also be at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease or rectal cancer, Buchbinder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“HIV prevention is not just using condoms or prep but also the many psycho-social issues affecting this population, like housing, employment, immigration and so on,” said Cabrera-Lara. “In order for people to take care of themselves, they need to take care of these other needs. That’s sometimes forgotten in the prevention effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 73% of people living with HIV in San Francisco are 50 or older, according to the report, and about 25% are 65 and older. Diagnoses among people aged 50 and older have also increased in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to improve the quality of life for people living with HIV,” Buchbinder said. “They have health and psycho-social needs. It’s a large population in San Francisco, and we see deaths go up as the population ages. But we need to get rid of preventable causes of death to help them live as healthy of a life as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"San Francisco’s annual HIV report shows a dip in cases overall, but also disparities among where new cases are detected.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1701803648,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1066},"headData":{"title":"SF Reports Latinx Majority in New HIV Diagnoses Despite Overall Drop | KQED","description":"San Francisco’s annual HIV report shows a dip in cases overall, but also disparities among where new cases are detected.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"SF Reports Latinx Majority in New HIV Diagnoses Despite Overall Drop","datePublished":"2023-12-05T18:01:25.000Z","dateModified":"2023-12-05T19:14:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11968984/sf-reports-latinx-majority-in-new-hiv-diagnoses-despite-overall-drop","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco’s wide embrace of HIV prevention has led to a staggering decrease in new cases of the virus, which attacks the body’s immune system. But research released Tuesday by the San Francisco Department of Public Health shows the Latinx community is bearing the brunt of new diagnoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing for HIV has slightly recovered after a sharp decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the city works to maintain its decades-long progress on HIV, public health officials are noticing slight demographic shifts among populations that are most at risk — and adapting their response as a result. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We are trying to understand ‘why’ as much as we can, and who within the Latinx community is most affected. It does seem to be men.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Susan Buchbinder, co-chair, Getting to Zero Steering Committee","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We are seeing an increase in new infections in the Latinx community,” Dr. Susan Buchbinder told KQED in an interview. Buchbinder is the co-chair of the Getting to Zero Steering Committee, an effort launched in 2013 to prevent any new HIV infections in San Francisco. “We are trying to understand ‘why’ as much as we can, and who within the Latinx community is most affected. It does seem to be men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found there were 157 new HIV diagnoses in San Francisco in 2022, a slight decrease from 2021 when there was a modest uptick. Overall, today’s new case rate for HIV infections is staggeringly lower than years and decades prior and has been largely on a downward trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annual HIV diagnoses among Latinx people started to exceed all other racial groups in 2018. But in 2022, the year data for the recent study was gathered, Latino cis men in particular had more new diagnoses than any other group for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not easy to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why#:~:text=Esperanza%20Macias%2C%20policy%20and%20communications,would%20face%20harassment%20and%20assault.\">attribute the shift\u003c/a> to any one cause, Buchbinder said, but factors include access to housing and health care, as well as place of origin and whether prevention was available before arriving in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claudia Cabrera-Lara, program director for HIV services at Instituto Familiar de la Raza, said that concerns around sharing one’s immigration status are another barrier for many undocumented immigrants who could benefit from HIV preventative care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the clients we work with are undocumented, and even though San Francisco is a sanctuary city, there is a fear that their information could be disclosed,” Cabrera-Lara told KQED. “That’s why so many people aren’t getting access to prep in the Latinx community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other marginalized social groups that experienced disproportionate rates of new HIV diagnoses include people who are homeless, which accounted for one in every five new cases in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will not be satisfied until we get to zero new infections, and more must be done,” said SFDPH Director of Health Dr. Grant Colfax, in a press release about the new report. “Breaking down barriers to provide stigma-free care that reaches the community is key, and working together across San Francisco’s robust HIV care and prevention infrastructure, we will do just that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11969006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1450px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11969006\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1.jpg\" alt=\"A chart that illustrated figures from a report that studies HIV cases diagnosed by race and ethnicity.\" width=\"1450\" height=\"843\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1.jpg 1450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-800x465.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-1020x593.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AnnualReport2022_Page_068-1-160x93.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1450px) 100vw, 1450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Testing for HIV has slightly recovered after a sharp decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the city works to maintain its decades-long progress on HIV, public health officials are noticing slight demographic shifts among populations that are most at risk — and adapting their response as a result. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Francisco Department of Public Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In July, the Department of Public Health opened seven sites, called Health Access Points, focusing on increasing HIV prevention and treatment services for the Latinx community, African Americans, and other priority populations including people who use drugs, trans women and people who are homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the sites, people can get free testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, as well as treatment services and support with overdose prevention in a low-barrier setting, meaning they don’t need to prove any insurance or residence. The \u003ca href=\"https://learnsfdph.org/programs/health-access-point-hap/\">access points are located\u003c/a> within community-based nonprofits, such as the Rafiki Coalition, the San Francisco AIDS Foundation and the Instituto Familiar de la Raza. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11965263","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-046-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We are excited to see the recent launch of the HAPs, which provide equitable access to HIV prevention, care and treatment services,” said Health Officer Dr. Susan Philip in the press announcement. “Providing comprehensive, whole-person care delivered by expert community service providers to those who have traditionally experienced barriers will help us address disparities and reduce new HIV diagnoses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total number of people living with HIV who died in 2022 increased from 279 in 2021 to 312 in 2022, the report shows. Many of those deaths, however, were from causes not directly tied to HIV, and the number of late-stage HIV-related deaths has decreased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, in part, because San Francisco’s population of people living with HIV is getting older and dying of other causes. They might also be at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease or rectal cancer, Buchbinder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“HIV prevention is not just using condoms or prep but also the many psycho-social issues affecting this population, like housing, employment, immigration and so on,” said Cabrera-Lara. “In order for people to take care of themselves, they need to take care of these other needs. That’s sometimes forgotten in the prevention effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 73% of people living with HIV in San Francisco are 50 or older, according to the report, and about 25% are 65 and older. Diagnoses among people aged 50 and older have also increased in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to improve the quality of life for people living with HIV,” Buchbinder said. “They have health and psycho-social needs. It’s a large population in San Francisco, and we see deaths go up as the population ages. But we need to get rid of preventable causes of death to help them live as healthy of a life as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11968984/sf-reports-latinx-majority-in-new-hiv-diagnoses-despite-overall-drop","authors":["11840"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_27626","news_1511","news_29548","news_19960","news_38"],"featImg":"news_11969002","label":"news"},"news_11965937":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11965937","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11965937","score":null,"sort":[1698768039000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","title":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why?","publishDate":1698768039,"format":"standard","headTitle":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Bay Curious, KQED’s podcast that explores the Bay Area’s unique local legends, interesting landmarks and uncovered histories, is inviting listeners to take off their headphones and take a walk in a park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 4 and 5, our journalists will take small groups on guided tours of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/\">National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>, where they’ll tell stories about the formation of the memorial, known as The Grove. Along the way, there will be performances reflecting on the people who are remembered in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, has declined in the United States by 6% since 2010. But there’s been an escalation of new infections — 14% — in the Latinx community, particularly among gay and bisexual men. According to 2019 data from the CDC, Hispanic Americans \u003ca href=\"https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/hivaids-and-hispanic-americans#:~:text=Hispanic%20Americans%20accounted%20for%20almost,as%20compared%20to%20white%20males.\">accounted for almost 30% of new HIV infections\u003c/a> while making up only about 18% of the country’s population.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Francisco Buchting, Horizons Foundation\"]‘When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’ Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.’[/pullquote]In California, about 40% of residents identify as Hispanic or Latino, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/PST045222\">U.S. Census Bureau data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Buchting, vice president of grants, programs and communications at Horizons Foundation, which invests in LGBTQ nonprofits, told KQED there is a stigma about HIV in the Latinx community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’” he said. “Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, the face of the HIV movement was white, gay men. That, consequently, often left minorities absent from research literature, outreach initiatives and early treatment. In addition to homophobia, the entrenched religious beliefs in the Latinx diaspora contributed to the stigmatization of HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moral judgments about male same-gender relationships and fears of contagion dominated the public religious response during the first five or six years of the HIV epidemic, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Additionally, the cultural value of machismo \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/cdc-hiv-latinos-508.pdf\">may create reluctance to acknowledge risky behaviors\u003c/a> such as male-to-male sexual contact or substance misuse, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esperanza Macias, policy and communications director with the Instituto Familiar de La Raza, a San Francisco organization that promotes health in the Latino community, said gay Latin men often had to combat living outside of the stereotypes of being a dominant alpha male because they would face harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of men met in areas that ended up not being safe. That was the only way that they were able to explore their sexuality,” Macias said. “And, unfortunately, it was an unsafe way. And because they weren’t able to share that with their partners, oftentimes, their partners would also get HIV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]The 2019 CDC data found that both Hispanic men and women were four times as likely to have AIDS — the condition caused by HIV — as compared to white men and women. It also found that Hispanic men were twice as likely to die of HIV infection than non-Hispanic white men, while Hispanic women were three times as likely to die than non-Hispanic white women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buchting told KQED that a growing shift in recent decades to abstinence-only sex education in the U.S. and Latin America, fueled by conservatism and religion, complicated HIV prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think within the religion piece, especially in the space that I fund internationally, we look at religious fundamentalism as one of the driving forces for this — [the] safe, secure, legal access to comprehensive reproductive rights, including abortion or LGBTI rights,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macias, who has worked to teach youth of color about sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, said the push for abstinence messaging wasn’t good for the health of young people who have hormones and are naturally curious.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"aids\"]“It was a matter of exposing people to the concepts and to the importance and recognizing that it was much more a health issue than an issue of religion,” Macias said, referring to sex education. “It was not a tradeoff between promiscuity and other negative characteristics associated with sex education. It was really a matter of being a critical health issue — that it was important for young men and young women.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social and economic factors, like poverty, racial discrimination and lack of access to health care, can increase the risks of HIV, according to the CDC. But language barriers, low academic achievement and mistrust of the health care system may also affect the quality of HIV care many Latinos receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also several studies that indicate HIV-infected undocumented immigrants enter care at a more advanced stage than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented, you may not be as comfortable responding to surveys for a host of reasons,” Buchting said. “When I was working in HIV in LA, especially a lot of the Latino patients that I saw, they were accessing services much later, compared to the non-Latino patients. And their HIV had progressed to the point that sometimes the first encounter with them was already an AIDS diagnosis as opposed to an HIV infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented people also face unique barriers to receiving necessary care, including stigmatization, high levels of acculturation stress, and fear of deportation, according to the National Institutes of Health. Many also have very limited access to health care coverage and are ineligible to enroll in federally-funded health care programs like Medicaid and Medicare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Buchting said that compared to decades ago, there are now many more treatment options for HIV, which is currently viewed as a chronic medical illness that can be managed. Research on HIV has progressed significantly since the 1980s, he noted, including HIV prevention medication like pre-exposure prophylaxis, commonly known as PrEP, which reduces the risk of HIV from sex by 99%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, as HIV is evolving and less at the forefront, we’re looking at what other ways [we can] partner,” Macias said about Instituto Familiar de La Raza. “Then, if our focus is not so much on saving the LGBT Latino community from a fatal disease, what can we do to support their wellness now? And I feel like that’s a wonderful thing to witness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100,000 Latinos have died since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, according to a 2016 CDC report. Buchting says the work being done at the organizational level is made to honor those who passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that, hopefully, one day, there’ll be a cure, but until then, continue to work to help those infected and those that are living with it,” he said. “And try to do as much prevention as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Guided tours of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park are from 1–3 p.m. Nov. 4 and 5. Space is limited. Tickets cost $25. For more information and to register, visit \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">\u003ci>kqed.org\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Despite a national decline in HIV cases since 2010, infection rates have increased markedly in the Latinx community, especially among gay and bisexual men.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1698733179,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":1231},"headData":{"title":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why? | KQED","description":"Despite a national decline in HIV cases since 2010, infection rates have increased markedly in the Latinx community, especially among gay and bisexual men.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why?","datePublished":"2023-10-31T16:00:39.000Z","dateModified":"2023-10-31T06:19:39.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"nprByline":"María Fernanda Bernal","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Curious, KQED’s podcast that explores the Bay Area’s unique local legends, interesting landmarks and uncovered histories, is inviting listeners to take off their headphones and take a walk in a park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 4 and 5, our journalists will take small groups on guided tours of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/\">National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>, where they’ll tell stories about the formation of the memorial, known as The Grove. Along the way, there will be performances reflecting on the people who are remembered in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, has declined in the United States by 6% since 2010. But there’s been an escalation of new infections — 14% — in the Latinx community, particularly among gay and bisexual men. According to 2019 data from the CDC, Hispanic Americans \u003ca href=\"https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/hivaids-and-hispanic-americans#:~:text=Hispanic%20Americans%20accounted%20for%20almost,as%20compared%20to%20white%20males.\">accounted for almost 30% of new HIV infections\u003c/a> while making up only about 18% of the country’s population.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’ Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Francisco Buchting, Horizons Foundation","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In California, about 40% of residents identify as Hispanic or Latino, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/PST045222\">U.S. Census Bureau data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Buchting, vice president of grants, programs and communications at Horizons Foundation, which invests in LGBTQ nonprofits, told KQED there is a stigma about HIV in the Latinx community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’” he said. “Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, the face of the HIV movement was white, gay men. That, consequently, often left minorities absent from research literature, outreach initiatives and early treatment. In addition to homophobia, the entrenched religious beliefs in the Latinx diaspora contributed to the stigmatization of HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moral judgments about male same-gender relationships and fears of contagion dominated the public religious response during the first five or six years of the HIV epidemic, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Additionally, the cultural value of machismo \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/cdc-hiv-latinos-508.pdf\">may create reluctance to acknowledge risky behaviors\u003c/a> such as male-to-male sexual contact or substance misuse, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esperanza Macias, policy and communications director with the Instituto Familiar de La Raza, a San Francisco organization that promotes health in the Latino community, said gay Latin men often had to combat living outside of the stereotypes of being a dominant alpha male because they would face harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of men met in areas that ended up not being safe. That was the only way that they were able to explore their sexuality,” Macias said. “And, unfortunately, it was an unsafe way. And because they weren’t able to share that with their partners, oftentimes, their partners would also get HIV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The 2019 CDC data found that both Hispanic men and women were four times as likely to have AIDS — the condition caused by HIV — as compared to white men and women. It also found that Hispanic men were twice as likely to die of HIV infection than non-Hispanic white men, while Hispanic women were three times as likely to die than non-Hispanic white women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buchting told KQED that a growing shift in recent decades to abstinence-only sex education in the U.S. and Latin America, fueled by conservatism and religion, complicated HIV prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think within the religion piece, especially in the space that I fund internationally, we look at religious fundamentalism as one of the driving forces for this — [the] safe, secure, legal access to comprehensive reproductive rights, including abortion or LGBTI rights,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macias, who has worked to teach youth of color about sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, said the push for abstinence messaging wasn’t good for the health of young people who have hormones and are naturally curious.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"aids"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It was a matter of exposing people to the concepts and to the importance and recognizing that it was much more a health issue than an issue of religion,” Macias said, referring to sex education. “It was not a tradeoff between promiscuity and other negative characteristics associated with sex education. It was really a matter of being a critical health issue — that it was important for young men and young women.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social and economic factors, like poverty, racial discrimination and lack of access to health care, can increase the risks of HIV, according to the CDC. But language barriers, low academic achievement and mistrust of the health care system may also affect the quality of HIV care many Latinos receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also several studies that indicate HIV-infected undocumented immigrants enter care at a more advanced stage than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented, you may not be as comfortable responding to surveys for a host of reasons,” Buchting said. “When I was working in HIV in LA, especially a lot of the Latino patients that I saw, they were accessing services much later, compared to the non-Latino patients. And their HIV had progressed to the point that sometimes the first encounter with them was already an AIDS diagnosis as opposed to an HIV infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented people also face unique barriers to receiving necessary care, including stigmatization, high levels of acculturation stress, and fear of deportation, according to the National Institutes of Health. Many also have very limited access to health care coverage and are ineligible to enroll in federally-funded health care programs like Medicaid and Medicare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Buchting said that compared to decades ago, there are now many more treatment options for HIV, which is currently viewed as a chronic medical illness that can be managed. Research on HIV has progressed significantly since the 1980s, he noted, including HIV prevention medication like pre-exposure prophylaxis, commonly known as PrEP, which reduces the risk of HIV from sex by 99%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, as HIV is evolving and less at the forefront, we’re looking at what other ways [we can] partner,” Macias said about Instituto Familiar de La Raza. “Then, if our focus is not so much on saving the LGBT Latino community from a fatal disease, what can we do to support their wellness now? And I feel like that’s a wonderful thing to witness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100,000 Latinos have died since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, according to a 2016 CDC report. Buchting says the work being done at the organizational level is made to honor those who passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that, hopefully, one day, there’ll be a cure, but until then, continue to work to help those infected and those that are living with it,” he said. “And try to do as much prevention as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Guided tours of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park are from 1–3 p.m. Nov. 4 and 5. Space is limited. Tickets cost $25. For more information and to register, visit \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">\u003ci>kqed.org\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","authors":["byline_news_11965937"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_30596","news_18426","news_1511","news_29548","news_33420"],"featImg":"news_11965426","label":"news"},"news_11965263":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11965263","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11965263","score":null,"sort":[1698267602000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","title":"'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove","publishDate":1698267602,"format":"standard","headTitle":"‘A Healing Place’: Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":17986,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious/\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> listener asked about the history of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park. It’s a beautiful, verdant place filled with ferns, redwood trees and a stone centerpiece engraved with the names of the many people lost to HIV/AIDS and the names of their friends and family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer the listener’s question, we created a theatrical walking tour into the stories behind the memorial garden. You can attend one of the tours on Nov. 4-5. They run at 1 p.m., 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">Full information and tickets here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED led in-depth interviews with activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the grove. Their stories are reflected in the dances and music you’ll see during the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts from those interviews. All photos are courtesy of the people interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of John Cunningham.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cunningham\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>John Cunningham\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he space is a geographic bowl. I believe it’s a holder of energy. It’s the only space in public land in San Francisco where it’s legal to deposit urns or spread ashes. It is the final resting place for hundreds of individuals. We often avail to families and loved ones a tree or some sort of plant for them so that they can create life out of death and then oftentimes return to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, I learned that I was HIV positive. I contracted the virus during a four or five-year stint of addiction, which I’ve conquered, which gave me the opportunity to rebuild my life. I have two Chinese symbols tattooed on my left shoulder, which are perseverance and longevity, or harnessing the energy of our life’s events to gain strength, perspective, wisdom. Because if we don’t go down that path, we tend to go down the dark path of being victims and jaded and negative. So I’ve tried to use that event in my life for other events in my life to create positive outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After coming off of disability from HIV, I re-entered the workforce and ended up working for a nonprofit called Positive Resource Center (PRC). They joined in the efforts to create the Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many individuals were cast aside or away from their communities, their homes, their places of worship, their churches. And I believe that many have found this to be that space, that sanctuary and the circle of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albeit the gay community was significantly adversely impacted, it was not the most significantly impacted single demographic. That would have been the hemophilia community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hemophilia community lost so many of their own members because of the injustice of a tainted blood supply that the government knew was tainted. They hoped they would find a cure, which we still don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half the hemophiliacs in America died in the 10-year period. It was a tragedy. And they said, “You know, if it wasn’t for you gay people, we would have gotten help.” It wasn’t right, but they were [correct] because of the stigma that was projected upon one segment of the population, i.e., gays. No one got help. And that is just a tragedy. But it speaks to how corrosive to a society prejudice and stigma and discrimination can be when you’re projecting against a health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to create their own AIDS memorial. And Jenny White, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_White\">Ryan White\u003c/a>’s mother said, “You’ve got one. It’s the National AIDS Memorial.” We worked and bridged some real chasms inside their community. The Hemophilia Circle was completed in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90% of those that are affected by bleeding disorders are men or boys. If you had one boy, you had three boys that all had hemophilia. And back in those days, they were probably all being transfused at the same center. So when you lost one, you lost them all. Most of the hemophilia community didn’t seek support within the gay community because the gay community was the only place that was really trying to do something. You were then alone. And your book of grieving was closed and you had nowhere to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the grove was also a project that helped people open that book of grieving again and come together. On the day the space was dedicated, there were about 250 to 300 individuals representing the National Hemophilia Foundation, the Hemophilia Federation of America, the community of 10,000 and family members from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hemophilia creates joint issues because it has blood pooling in ankles and knees. During the dedication these fathers, many with mobility issues, fell into other men’s arms crying and holding each other. When we welcomed them and stood here, it was clear they were all standing across from the circle, alone in the back. And I said to them, “We are one family. We were in one boat tragically connected. Come together, come in.” And we came together and shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965417\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965417\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-160x165.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dana Francis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Dana Francis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Social Worker with hemophiliacs\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap] worked at UCSF at the Hemophilia Treatment Center for over 20 years. I think at the beginning a lot of people felt that the gay community gave this to the hemophilia community by donating blood. The blood products that were made to control their hemophilia infected them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they knew what HIV was, the bloodmobile would come to 18th and Castro. Guys would line up and donate, but they didn’t know that their blood was infected. The gay community was one of the greatest civic players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My role as a social worker has been to say for years, “This is nobody’s fault.” A big part of my job was to get the guys with bleeding disorders to think about this whole thing differently. Some of them were already there, a lot of them weren’t. We worked at it slowly and carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It ended up being my calling in a way to do this work. I’ve always wanted to help other men think more broadly about their own humanity and their own emotional life. Nothing is going to get you into that position like having a chronic and life-threatening illness. I love helping men help themselves and help each other. It doesn’t sound like much, but it’s huge because men don’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t even know what hemophilia is. I didn’t when I started the job. They think they’ve heard maybe that if you cut yourself shaving, you bleed to death. Which you don’t! People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. So if they cut themselves shaving, they’re going to be changing a Band-Aid a couple of times that day. They’re missing a protein in their blood that we have and the clots are blood, but they don’t have it. So they bleed into their joints, knees, ankles, hips, elbows mostly. They have internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the treatment is much, much better than it used to be, and it’s getting better all the time, thank goodness, a lot of older folks are in wheelchairs because their knees are wrecked. So the ramps here at the grove are even for people to walk as much as they are for chairs. That’s perfect for this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Steve Sagaser.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Sagaser\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Steve Sagaser\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Senior Manager, Programs, AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y name is Steve Sagaser. I’m 57 years old. I am an HIV-positive gay male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after we graduated from UC Berkeley, my partner Sergio died, in 1993. It was very traumatic and devastating for me. I very much wanted to avoid the topic of HIV and AIDS as much as possible. I lived in our apartment for some time with all of his belongings there. I needed that. When he died I believed that I was going to be next. The thought of being tested terrified me. If I were tested, my death sentence would be confirmed. Just hearing about HIV/AIDS terrified me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after Sergio died I finally went to be tested. I was negative. It was several years later when I became positive, while I was addicted to meth. Many people become infected while using crystal meth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve all heard the expression “sick and tired of being sick and tired.” We use that a lot in the recovery community. That happened to me. I recall walking through Dolores Park one afternoon on my way home after using meth all night long. I was seeing all the people doing seemingly healthy things — going to work, or just enjoying the park. And there I was, on my way home to figure out how to get more meth, after walking the city like a rat in the night. And I remember, in that moment, thinking about, and missing, all the wonderful people in my life before I had become a drug addict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I decided to endure the long and terrible withdrawal. I started going to a lot of anonymous meetings and some AA meetings. In doing that, I was able to find a little group of friends. One of those friends became my partner of 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was exhausted from the constant chasing, of missing the people that I loved, all of whom were there waiting for me when I finally got my shit together. I always feel so blessed that they never abandoned me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most meaningful place to me in the grove is the Circle of Friends, where the name of Sergio’s nephew, Daniel, is located. He was only five years old when Sergio and I went to visit his family and we had taken him to Universal Studios. We never stayed in touch. But Daniel, some 16 years later, was able to find me. He’s my nephew now, and this is one of the gifts Sergio gave me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Circle of Friends are the names of people who have died from AIDS or people who have been impacted by AIDS. And Daniel is certainly one of those people. His family didn’t talk about what happened to Uncle Sergio. But Daniel is very intuitive and at a young age he started putting things together. One of those reasons is that Daniel is a gay man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had Daniel’s name engraved in there so that it was close to Sergio’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a Latino man.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg 1400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-800x711.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-1020x907.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-160x142.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Villa\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Daniel Villa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Steve’s Nephew\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he first time my uncle Sergio brought his partner Steve from Berkeley to our house was when I was five years old. I remember — I love telling Steve this now — “Staring at you because you were so pale and so different looking from my family!” He had shoulder-length blond hair. They took me to Universal Studios that day. I don’t remember any of the trips, but I remember the car ride, sitting in the back seat, feeling that there was something between them. And at the time I didn’t call it gay, but I felt something, even though they didn’t kiss in front of me or anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My family wasn’t very accepting of people being gay. So they were distant from Sergio. I always had questions about him and I was left with no answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day when I was around 14 or 15, my mom gave me Sergio’s thesis. He went to Berkeley, and he wrote a thesis about AIDS. I started to read it and there were way too many big words and phrases that I just could not understand. I put it in my closet for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My coming out was kind of dramatic. I called my mom after one of my first breakups, crying. And I was really embarrassed to tell her. And she said, “I already knew.” I sobbed, “Oh, you did?” She said, “Yes, don’t freak me out like that. I thought you were going to die or something!” My family then became very accepting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, I picked up the thesis again. And I noticed that at the end it said, ‘I dedicate this to my lover and best friend, Steven Sager.’ I had forgotten his name but always wondered about Sergio’s friend… I was so excited. I didn’t have the courage to actually search for him just yet. Because what if he was also dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know how to explain, but it’s almost like Sergio was with me. I felt very much like he was guiding me to Steven in some way, and I would think about his name a lot and that image of him when I was five. It went like that for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day I was driving. And I had this feeling that I’ve never felt before like somebody was pushing you to do something, where you wanted to \u003ci>do\u003c/i> something. I pulled over, I wasn’t even home yet. It was like Sergio was forcing me to pull over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never told Steven this because this whole story sounds crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got on Google. I searched Steven’s name. The first thing that came up was an AIDS nonprofit he worked for. And I go, “Oh my God, this has to be it. My uncle died of AIDS, and here he is working in it. This has to be him!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I called the number on the website and I was shaking so much because I wasn’t sure if it was going to be him. It goes straight to voicemail and I say, “My name is Daniel and I don’t know if you remember me, but I was five years old last time you saw me. And I’m the nephew of Sergio.” I must have been stuttering. It was so scary and exciting. And I get a phone call, like, maybe, 5 minutes later. And it was him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I finally got to talk to Sergio through him and obviously, he was just so excited to hear me. It was magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always felt loved by Sergio when he would visit when I was little. He would bring me trolls, the tiny ones with colored hair. Sergio was kind and really, really funny and witty. And it sounds like we’ve become alike, in many ways. I’ve loved hearing little stories about Sergio. But Steven was always such a beautiful person, being around him was always enough for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never knew how old Sergio was when he died. Steven said he was 21, and I thought it was so interesting that I found Steven at the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve known Steven for many years now since I found him. And I’m not in a hurry to know every single detail about Sergio because every time we see each other, we talk about him or I remember this or that. And it’s just nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom and John Cunningham — the CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove — coordinated a surprise for Steven. By this point my mom is very accepting, she loves me exactly for who I am. They engraved Steven’s name in the Circle of Friends by Sergio’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my mom was dying, I remember looking at the Circle of Friends and thinking about Steven’s experience as a caregiver, since I saw my mom’s illness from beginning to end. I never said thank you to Steven for the hard work he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965274\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 687px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965274 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg\" alt=\"A portrait of Gert McMullin.\" width=\"687\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gert McMullin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gert McMullin\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Quilt Conservator & Production Manager\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y given name is Cindy McMullin, but I gave myself the name Gert. I grew up in Oakland. I have been working with the quilt for 35, 36 years now. I’m the first volunteer that showed up at their first meeting. Cleve [Jones] didn’t even go to that meeting because he thought it was going to be a failure. But I’ve been working on sewing it ever since. I’ve made over 200 panels of my own and then helped thousands of people make what’s right behind me here. \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview was conducted in the warehouse where the quilt is stored in Fremont.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friends were the first to start dying in San Francisco and in the early 80s before they even knew. They didn’t even have a word for it — the first term was GRID [Gay Related Immune Deficiency]. Then it was just all the boys getting sick. By the time I started working with the quilt, I was about ready to flip it out. I just needed some place to put my energies that didn’t involve going to hospitals, because I was going to hospitals all the time visiting people. I needed to do something that was an action and activist-based thing. So that’s what got me. And I know how to sew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at a party when a guy who knew Cleve, said, “I think you need to call this guy.” That would have been in April of 1987. He told me about the first meeting and I made my first two panels and I brought them. There were about four other people at that meeting. It was a failure in our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I just got involved out of a selfish need for me to be able to get my emotions in check and not kill myself, you know, because it just really, really bad then and nobody knew what it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Roger Gail Lyon said, “I don’t want my epitaph to read: I died of red tape.” When he got sick I cared for him because his lover, David Case, had to work and I happened to have a lot of money then, so I didn’t have to worry about that. I really kind of fell in love with him during those months. And after he died, I found out about all the activism he had done. I was not an activist. But he changed me. My boyfriend had said to me at one point, “Well, if anybody deserves to know how this ends, Roger does”. And so through my eyes, I would let him see an end to it. So that’s why I got involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[Referring to the panels]\u003c/em> These are my boys. They’re all my friends on these walls and the people I’ve met and the things I’ve seen throughout my years keeps me here. I need the quilt as much as it needs me, if not more. Sometimes what “being involved” is being able to have this opportunity to help people a little through a bad time. I see a lot of pain in me and I put it into the quilt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think everybody should be so lucky to have a job like mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quilt is about anger and activism. It’s about being a memorial, too. But the Grove is about hope. And so there is a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965377\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\" alt=\"An older man and woman in puffy black jackets smile at the camera while standing outdoors in front of a small pine tree decorated with Christmas ornaments. The man is holding a small brown dog that is wearing a Santa Claus jacket. \" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nan Tribuzio (right) and her husband Eugene.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Nan Tribuzio\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y name is Nan Tribuzio and I live in Morgan, Utah. I joined the Grove in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were at a garden show at Fort Mason in San Francisco, and there was a group there from the grove. They had bay leaves and invitations to sign the names of people that you had lost to AIDS or were dealing with AIDS. At that time, my son’s partner died. So he put his name and added it to the basket. That’s how we found out about the grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my son passed, a friend of his drove over to where the grove was. It still looked like a garbage dump then. He found out they had work days that you could volunteer at, so he contacted the office and asked if we could do a memorial at one of the work days for my son. And from then on, we were there every month. We were regular volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We kept my son in San Francisco as long as we could so he could be with his friends. And when he got too sick, we decided to bring him home. The big fear was that his friends wouldn’t be able to come. We just let them know they were welcome. Most every weekend we had a group at the house. They listened to music, interacted with us. They made my husband, [Eugene], an honorary gay because he was so friendly with them and treated them just like anybody else. And they were so thankful that we included them, instead of bringing Joe home and telling them they weren’t welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were included in a lot of the activities he had going on. Got to know all of his friends. The only thing he wouldn’t let me do is come to the gay pride parade. After he passed, that was one of the first things I did. I actually marched in the parade with a group from the grove, and I said, “I’m here, Joe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He passed in January 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I’m in the grove, I really feel Joe is with me. Joe did maintenance landscaping, so I know he would love the grove. The Circle of Friends is where I always gravitate. And even if we visit San Francisco when it’s not a work day, we go to the Grove and always go to the Circle of Friends. If it’s his birthday, we put flowers on his name. It’s just such a healing place, and everybody there has experienced losing someone to AIDS. So it’s easy to talk about. You just have so much in common. They’ve become family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many times when somebody will say, “How many children do you have?” I’ll say, two, but I lost my son. And then there is just this silence and they don’t know what to say. At the grove, I can talk about it and nobody’s uncomfortable. I think that’s the most healing thing for me. I have one friend that sends me a Mother’s Day card every year from Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someday I’ll probably scatter Joe’s ashes at the grove, but I have them here with me now. I combined his partner’s ashes and his ashes. He’s always with me. It was just his birthday the other day. He would have been 61. I see his friends who are his age, and it’s like, okay, that’s what he would look like. Yeah. Turned out great.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965282\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 704px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965282\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Tom Jenson.\" width=\"704\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg 704w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Jenson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Tom Jenson\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer, board member, garden expert\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap] believe scent and movement invoke memory. Not even floral, but nature and wet ground. Or the moisture of something dank inside the redwood grove in the darkness, where there’s non-movement and the chance to be with yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Ray [former head gardener] came to me years ago and said “I want to plant a thousand lavenders on the North Slope,” I was like, you have no argument from me because it’s bringing scent and movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became a gardener because I was a child seeking love from my father. My father was an aspiring landscape architect but was an engineer who then had five children, so decided he couldn’t go back to school and become what he wanted. His life was always gardening, planting, building. And I just sat there looking at the Sunset Western Garden guide and looking at plants and learning about plants. I probably would have naturally veered that way anyway. But it was a good way to spend time with my dad since I didn’t want to dribble basketballs with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner died on Memorial Day in 2000, and by June, I was at the grove for my first work day. I said, “You have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to understand —I was in high caregiving mode. I said to myself, “You have to go volunteer on the weekend because if you lay in bed and grieve, Monday morning, you’ll be calling in sick to work because you’ll get further and further under the covers.” So I came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, I was not social. My partner and I were both introverts, but also I grew up as a shy child, which is why I looked through the books of flowers and plants and read those. So coming here was intimidating to me because I’m like, oh, a group of people. And it’s outdoors. It’s not like just going to the hotline for the AIDS Foundation, which I did for a while, where you have your own little cubicle and your book of answers. I’m going to have to relate to people. I just convinced myself to just come here and I know what I’m doing in terms of weeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I left, I said, “I’ll see you next week.” And they’re like, “Oh, we only do this once a month.” And I was like, oh, no. I need this once a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I started asking this other volunteer questions. Like, what’s a board of directors? Why did they plant these? Why are these native plants in the sand dunes? I’m using the Latin names as I say those words because I read them in the book. I know about California plants, Western plants. And at some point, he said, “Do you want to join a committee?” Yeah! So I joined the Workday committee, which was designed to plan for the workdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I moved to the planning committee. We developed a very tight site committee that met with the gardener, and talked about: What are we doing next year? What are your ideas about improvements? What do you think needs to be done in three years? What should we be preparing for? Because it helps us raise funds too, letting people know something’s happening, and what’s going on with maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965283\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Vince Crisostomo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-1020x710.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-160x111.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo.jpeg 1150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vince Crisostomo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Vincent Crisostomo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Director of Aging Services, SFAF\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]’ve been living with HIV since 1985, and so it’s been a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am originally from Guam, and I was there for a couple of years doing HIV work. I opened the first organization funded to do HIV work in the Pacific. Then I went to DC and I was the director of field operations for a research study at Georgetown University. Then I went abroad and I lived in Thailand and did international work for about 6 1/2 years in HIV and AIDS. I was on the U.N. AIDS board for about five years, representing the Asia Pacific. Then I moved back to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t want my current job [Director of Aging Services, SF AIDS Foundation] when it was presented. But after a while, I needed a job so I applied. I was about to go on food stamps and general assistance. It’s been nine years now and it’s probably one of the best jobs I’ve ever had. We serve people who survived the HIV/AIDS epidemic. So people are 50, 60 and 70. I’m on a bunch of policy committees too [Human Rights Commission, Dignity Fund, State Equity for Aging committee, etc.].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, I do a lot of work with younger people, which has been really a revelation to me because I didn’t have this when I was in my twenties. Like, people, we were too busy fighting for our lives!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to hang out with young people and hear them talk about and also see them with each other, you know, in a way that my generation wasn’t able to do. We didn’t have the term BIPOC then. There just always seemed to be a competition going on, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m trying to live my life. I realize that there are many people who didn’t make it through the HIV AIDS epidemic. And so, I just feel that I owe it to them and to myself to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner and I moved back to San Francisco from New York in November of 1990, and my partner at the time, his name was Jesse Solomon, he passed away on October 6th, 1991. I got a call from somebody saying that they were going to plant a tree for Jesse in the Grove. I didn’t think too much about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then when I got this job, I’d bring my group of 50+ network to the Grove, for events, work days. It had been a seed that was planted in 1991. And I realized, like, my God, I never thought the tree would be here! It was really emotional. I didn’t think I was going to be here, be alive. There’s a lot of names that engraved in the Circle of Friends. I think Jesse’s name is there, and another friend, Joel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, we got this family, Al and Jane Nakatani and their sons. My generation of folks, we raised money to engrave all the names of the whole family. Initially, they thought they could only afford to do the sons. But we put the whole family’s name there. Jane had come from Hawaii and when she saw it, she gasped and burst into tears because she didn’t expect to see her name. And she said, “This is the first time our family has been together in public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997 I brought the quilt to Guam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had lived in New York in the eighties and I had this aerobics instructor who I adored. When I was on my way to Guam I stopped in NYC and went by the gym, just to see it. It had gone out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, we arrived in Guam and I met this young lady and she said to me, “Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for my brother’s quilt panel.” I said, I’m sure we can help you, tell me about your brother. And she says, “He was an aerobics director in New York.” And he was my aerobics instructor! We became instant friends and that was amazing. There are these incredible coincidences or synchronicities, but they just kind of happen. That’s the magic of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Ellen Shepherd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]‘m living in Sonoma and I’ve been living up here since 1994. I have a fairly active life, for my age. I turned 91 in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our second daughter, Kathy, passed from AIDS. It began when I got a phone call from Kathy saying her boyfriend had been taken to the hospital and was very ill. They made her have a blood test and told her that he was in throws of AIDS and that she was HIV positive. She said, “I don’t know what I’m going to do. I’m leaving him in the hospital. His brother’s going to come and take care of him. I just can’t do it anymore. He’s been sick and I’ve been taking care of him for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t sick, but she was very depressed to discover that she had HIV. Nobody up here in Sonoma really knew very much about it. Nobody knew much about taking care of women anyway, because there just weren’t that many women infected that we knew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think probably she would’ve been better off in San Francisco where the doctors had a little bit more experience. She stayed with us for about a year, and then she moved up to Guerneville on the Russian River. With her permission, I talked to the doctor that she had in Guerneville, and he said, “She’s one of those patients that always agrees with you when you say, ‘You’ve got to do this.’ And then she goes out and does what she wants anyway.” And I said, “Listen, she’s been like that all her life. Never argued with us, never gave us a bit of sass or anything, like some of the other kids.” But I said, “You have to go in and clean your room.” And she’d say, “Okay,” and go in and do something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her regime was to take her medications when she kind of got around to it, instead of as the doctor had prescribed. And she was drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was showing signs of really getting ill. Her complexion was very bad, and her eyesight was terrible. She had been driving my car when she lived here with us, but as her eyesight deteriorated, that was one of the signs that things were getting worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took her back to Guerneville, and that very night she called her sister Diana and said, “I’m so sick. I think I have to go to the hospital.” This was not the first time. But this time Diana took her to the hospital in Sebastopol, and they kept her. And the next day, my husband and I went up and they essentially told us, if there’s somebody you need to notify, you better do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We laughed with her. We had a wonderful evening, and she was very, very weak, but she seemed to have her wits about her. That was Sunday evening. Monday morning I got a call from the hospital that she had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was right around the 4th of July. I just couldn’t come to grips with it. I don’t have any place to really mourn her. Then I remembered reading something from the time we lived in San Francisco. There was something in the Chronicle about a memorial grove somewhere for AIDS and I thought it was in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I called one of the daughters who was living in San Francisco and said, “Do you know anything about it?” She lived right close by. She called me back in a couple of hours and said, “There is this beautiful place there. It’s called the Redwood AIDS Memorial Grove. I think you should call them. There’s a phone number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I did call, and I talked to a lady there, Sue Ellen. I said, “Would it be possible to plant a tree there?” And she said, “We have a volunteer day coming up and we would like to invite you to come to that day, and then we could do it right afterwards.” And so the whole family, my son, of course, my husband and I, and all four of the girls who were left, we all came to the volunteer day in September of 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We planted the tree, a little redwood tree, up in the De LaVega Dell. The tree was maybe five inches shorter than I was, so a little over five feet, which now 23 years later, is so tall you can’t see the top of it. That tree became so special and so sacred to us that both my husband and I said, “Boy, when we die, we’d like our ashes scattered there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a wonderful thing that there is a place where people are not worried about the fact that they may be a patient themselves. We just share in our grief, but we share also in our joy. We don’t go there and cry because it’s so sad, we go there because we want to work and make something beautiful and also so we don’t forget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ahead of our upcoming Bay Curious walking tours in the grove, read a collection of excerpts from in-depth interviews with the activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the sanctuary.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1698266358,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":108,"wordCount":6259},"headData":{"title":"'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove | KQED","description":"Ahead of our upcoming Bay Curious walking tours in the grove, read a collection of excerpts from in-depth interviews with the activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the sanctuary.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove","datePublished":"2023-10-25T21:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2023-10-25T20:39:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11965263/a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious/\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> listener asked about the history of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park. It’s a beautiful, verdant place filled with ferns, redwood trees and a stone centerpiece engraved with the names of the many people lost to HIV/AIDS and the names of their friends and family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer the listener’s question, we created a theatrical walking tour into the stories behind the memorial garden. You can attend one of the tours on Nov. 4-5. They run at 1 p.m., 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">Full information and tickets here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED led in-depth interviews with activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the grove. Their stories are reflected in the dances and music you’ll see during the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts from those interviews. All photos are courtesy of the people interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of John Cunningham.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cunningham\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>John Cunningham\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he space is a geographic bowl. I believe it’s a holder of energy. It’s the only space in public land in San Francisco where it’s legal to deposit urns or spread ashes. It is the final resting place for hundreds of individuals. We often avail to families and loved ones a tree or some sort of plant for them so that they can create life out of death and then oftentimes return to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, I learned that I was HIV positive. I contracted the virus during a four or five-year stint of addiction, which I’ve conquered, which gave me the opportunity to rebuild my life. I have two Chinese symbols tattooed on my left shoulder, which are perseverance and longevity, or harnessing the energy of our life’s events to gain strength, perspective, wisdom. Because if we don’t go down that path, we tend to go down the dark path of being victims and jaded and negative. So I’ve tried to use that event in my life for other events in my life to create positive outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After coming off of disability from HIV, I re-entered the workforce and ended up working for a nonprofit called Positive Resource Center (PRC). They joined in the efforts to create the Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many individuals were cast aside or away from their communities, their homes, their places of worship, their churches. And I believe that many have found this to be that space, that sanctuary and the circle of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albeit the gay community was significantly adversely impacted, it was not the most significantly impacted single demographic. That would have been the hemophilia community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hemophilia community lost so many of their own members because of the injustice of a tainted blood supply that the government knew was tainted. They hoped they would find a cure, which we still don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half the hemophiliacs in America died in the 10-year period. It was a tragedy. And they said, “You know, if it wasn’t for you gay people, we would have gotten help.” It wasn’t right, but they were [correct] because of the stigma that was projected upon one segment of the population, i.e., gays. No one got help. And that is just a tragedy. But it speaks to how corrosive to a society prejudice and stigma and discrimination can be when you’re projecting against a health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to create their own AIDS memorial. And Jenny White, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_White\">Ryan White\u003c/a>’s mother said, “You’ve got one. It’s the National AIDS Memorial.” We worked and bridged some real chasms inside their community. The Hemophilia Circle was completed in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90% of those that are affected by bleeding disorders are men or boys. If you had one boy, you had three boys that all had hemophilia. And back in those days, they were probably all being transfused at the same center. So when you lost one, you lost them all. Most of the hemophilia community didn’t seek support within the gay community because the gay community was the only place that was really trying to do something. You were then alone. And your book of grieving was closed and you had nowhere to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the grove was also a project that helped people open that book of grieving again and come together. On the day the space was dedicated, there were about 250 to 300 individuals representing the National Hemophilia Foundation, the Hemophilia Federation of America, the community of 10,000 and family members from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hemophilia creates joint issues because it has blood pooling in ankles and knees. During the dedication these fathers, many with mobility issues, fell into other men’s arms crying and holding each other. When we welcomed them and stood here, it was clear they were all standing across from the circle, alone in the back. And I said to them, “We are one family. We were in one boat tragically connected. Come together, come in.” And we came together and shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965417\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965417\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-160x165.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dana Francis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Dana Francis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Social Worker with hemophiliacs\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> worked at UCSF at the Hemophilia Treatment Center for over 20 years. I think at the beginning a lot of people felt that the gay community gave this to the hemophilia community by donating blood. The blood products that were made to control their hemophilia infected them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they knew what HIV was, the bloodmobile would come to 18th and Castro. Guys would line up and donate, but they didn’t know that their blood was infected. The gay community was one of the greatest civic players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My role as a social worker has been to say for years, “This is nobody’s fault.” A big part of my job was to get the guys with bleeding disorders to think about this whole thing differently. Some of them were already there, a lot of them weren’t. We worked at it slowly and carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It ended up being my calling in a way to do this work. I’ve always wanted to help other men think more broadly about their own humanity and their own emotional life. Nothing is going to get you into that position like having a chronic and life-threatening illness. I love helping men help themselves and help each other. It doesn’t sound like much, but it’s huge because men don’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t even know what hemophilia is. I didn’t when I started the job. They think they’ve heard maybe that if you cut yourself shaving, you bleed to death. Which you don’t! People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. So if they cut themselves shaving, they’re going to be changing a Band-Aid a couple of times that day. They’re missing a protein in their blood that we have and the clots are blood, but they don’t have it. So they bleed into their joints, knees, ankles, hips, elbows mostly. They have internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the treatment is much, much better than it used to be, and it’s getting better all the time, thank goodness, a lot of older folks are in wheelchairs because their knees are wrecked. So the ramps here at the grove are even for people to walk as much as they are for chairs. That’s perfect for this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Steve Sagaser.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Sagaser\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Steve Sagaser\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Senior Manager, Programs, AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y name is Steve Sagaser. I’m 57 years old. I am an HIV-positive gay male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after we graduated from UC Berkeley, my partner Sergio died, in 1993. It was very traumatic and devastating for me. I very much wanted to avoid the topic of HIV and AIDS as much as possible. I lived in our apartment for some time with all of his belongings there. I needed that. When he died I believed that I was going to be next. The thought of being tested terrified me. If I were tested, my death sentence would be confirmed. Just hearing about HIV/AIDS terrified me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after Sergio died I finally went to be tested. I was negative. It was several years later when I became positive, while I was addicted to meth. Many people become infected while using crystal meth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve all heard the expression “sick and tired of being sick and tired.” We use that a lot in the recovery community. That happened to me. I recall walking through Dolores Park one afternoon on my way home after using meth all night long. I was seeing all the people doing seemingly healthy things — going to work, or just enjoying the park. And there I was, on my way home to figure out how to get more meth, after walking the city like a rat in the night. And I remember, in that moment, thinking about, and missing, all the wonderful people in my life before I had become a drug addict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I decided to endure the long and terrible withdrawal. I started going to a lot of anonymous meetings and some AA meetings. In doing that, I was able to find a little group of friends. One of those friends became my partner of 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was exhausted from the constant chasing, of missing the people that I loved, all of whom were there waiting for me when I finally got my shit together. I always feel so blessed that they never abandoned me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most meaningful place to me in the grove is the Circle of Friends, where the name of Sergio’s nephew, Daniel, is located. He was only five years old when Sergio and I went to visit his family and we had taken him to Universal Studios. We never stayed in touch. But Daniel, some 16 years later, was able to find me. He’s my nephew now, and this is one of the gifts Sergio gave me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Circle of Friends are the names of people who have died from AIDS or people who have been impacted by AIDS. And Daniel is certainly one of those people. His family didn’t talk about what happened to Uncle Sergio. But Daniel is very intuitive and at a young age he started putting things together. One of those reasons is that Daniel is a gay man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had Daniel’s name engraved in there so that it was close to Sergio’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a Latino man.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg 1400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-800x711.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-1020x907.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-160x142.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Villa\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Daniel Villa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Steve’s Nephew\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he first time my uncle Sergio brought his partner Steve from Berkeley to our house was when I was five years old. I remember — I love telling Steve this now — “Staring at you because you were so pale and so different looking from my family!” He had shoulder-length blond hair. They took me to Universal Studios that day. I don’t remember any of the trips, but I remember the car ride, sitting in the back seat, feeling that there was something between them. And at the time I didn’t call it gay, but I felt something, even though they didn’t kiss in front of me or anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My family wasn’t very accepting of people being gay. So they were distant from Sergio. I always had questions about him and I was left with no answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day when I was around 14 or 15, my mom gave me Sergio’s thesis. He went to Berkeley, and he wrote a thesis about AIDS. I started to read it and there were way too many big words and phrases that I just could not understand. I put it in my closet for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My coming out was kind of dramatic. I called my mom after one of my first breakups, crying. And I was really embarrassed to tell her. And she said, “I already knew.” I sobbed, “Oh, you did?” She said, “Yes, don’t freak me out like that. I thought you were going to die or something!” My family then became very accepting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, I picked up the thesis again. And I noticed that at the end it said, ‘I dedicate this to my lover and best friend, Steven Sager.’ I had forgotten his name but always wondered about Sergio’s friend… I was so excited. I didn’t have the courage to actually search for him just yet. Because what if he was also dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know how to explain, but it’s almost like Sergio was with me. I felt very much like he was guiding me to Steven in some way, and I would think about his name a lot and that image of him when I was five. It went like that for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day I was driving. And I had this feeling that I’ve never felt before like somebody was pushing you to do something, where you wanted to \u003ci>do\u003c/i> something. I pulled over, I wasn’t even home yet. It was like Sergio was forcing me to pull over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never told Steven this because this whole story sounds crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got on Google. I searched Steven’s name. The first thing that came up was an AIDS nonprofit he worked for. And I go, “Oh my God, this has to be it. My uncle died of AIDS, and here he is working in it. This has to be him!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I called the number on the website and I was shaking so much because I wasn’t sure if it was going to be him. It goes straight to voicemail and I say, “My name is Daniel and I don’t know if you remember me, but I was five years old last time you saw me. And I’m the nephew of Sergio.” I must have been stuttering. It was so scary and exciting. And I get a phone call, like, maybe, 5 minutes later. And it was him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I finally got to talk to Sergio through him and obviously, he was just so excited to hear me. It was magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always felt loved by Sergio when he would visit when I was little. He would bring me trolls, the tiny ones with colored hair. Sergio was kind and really, really funny and witty. And it sounds like we’ve become alike, in many ways. I’ve loved hearing little stories about Sergio. But Steven was always such a beautiful person, being around him was always enough for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never knew how old Sergio was when he died. Steven said he was 21, and I thought it was so interesting that I found Steven at the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve known Steven for many years now since I found him. And I’m not in a hurry to know every single detail about Sergio because every time we see each other, we talk about him or I remember this or that. And it’s just nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom and John Cunningham — the CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove — coordinated a surprise for Steven. By this point my mom is very accepting, she loves me exactly for who I am. They engraved Steven’s name in the Circle of Friends by Sergio’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my mom was dying, I remember looking at the Circle of Friends and thinking about Steven’s experience as a caregiver, since I saw my mom’s illness from beginning to end. I never said thank you to Steven for the hard work he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965274\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 687px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965274 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg\" alt=\"A portrait of Gert McMullin.\" width=\"687\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gert McMullin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gert McMullin\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Quilt Conservator & Production Manager\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y given name is Cindy McMullin, but I gave myself the name Gert. I grew up in Oakland. I have been working with the quilt for 35, 36 years now. I’m the first volunteer that showed up at their first meeting. Cleve [Jones] didn’t even go to that meeting because he thought it was going to be a failure. But I’ve been working on sewing it ever since. I’ve made over 200 panels of my own and then helped thousands of people make what’s right behind me here. \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview was conducted in the warehouse where the quilt is stored in Fremont.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friends were the first to start dying in San Francisco and in the early 80s before they even knew. They didn’t even have a word for it — the first term was GRID [Gay Related Immune Deficiency]. Then it was just all the boys getting sick. By the time I started working with the quilt, I was about ready to flip it out. I just needed some place to put my energies that didn’t involve going to hospitals, because I was going to hospitals all the time visiting people. I needed to do something that was an action and activist-based thing. So that’s what got me. And I know how to sew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at a party when a guy who knew Cleve, said, “I think you need to call this guy.” That would have been in April of 1987. He told me about the first meeting and I made my first two panels and I brought them. There were about four other people at that meeting. It was a failure in our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I just got involved out of a selfish need for me to be able to get my emotions in check and not kill myself, you know, because it just really, really bad then and nobody knew what it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Roger Gail Lyon said, “I don’t want my epitaph to read: I died of red tape.” When he got sick I cared for him because his lover, David Case, had to work and I happened to have a lot of money then, so I didn’t have to worry about that. I really kind of fell in love with him during those months. And after he died, I found out about all the activism he had done. I was not an activist. But he changed me. My boyfriend had said to me at one point, “Well, if anybody deserves to know how this ends, Roger does”. And so through my eyes, I would let him see an end to it. So that’s why I got involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[Referring to the panels]\u003c/em> These are my boys. They’re all my friends on these walls and the people I’ve met and the things I’ve seen throughout my years keeps me here. I need the quilt as much as it needs me, if not more. Sometimes what “being involved” is being able to have this opportunity to help people a little through a bad time. I see a lot of pain in me and I put it into the quilt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think everybody should be so lucky to have a job like mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quilt is about anger and activism. It’s about being a memorial, too. But the Grove is about hope. And so there is a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965377\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\" alt=\"An older man and woman in puffy black jackets smile at the camera while standing outdoors in front of a small pine tree decorated with Christmas ornaments. The man is holding a small brown dog that is wearing a Santa Claus jacket. \" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nan Tribuzio (right) and her husband Eugene.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Nan Tribuzio\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y name is Nan Tribuzio and I live in Morgan, Utah. I joined the Grove in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were at a garden show at Fort Mason in San Francisco, and there was a group there from the grove. They had bay leaves and invitations to sign the names of people that you had lost to AIDS or were dealing with AIDS. At that time, my son’s partner died. So he put his name and added it to the basket. That’s how we found out about the grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my son passed, a friend of his drove over to where the grove was. It still looked like a garbage dump then. He found out they had work days that you could volunteer at, so he contacted the office and asked if we could do a memorial at one of the work days for my son. And from then on, we were there every month. We were regular volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We kept my son in San Francisco as long as we could so he could be with his friends. And when he got too sick, we decided to bring him home. The big fear was that his friends wouldn’t be able to come. We just let them know they were welcome. Most every weekend we had a group at the house. They listened to music, interacted with us. They made my husband, [Eugene], an honorary gay because he was so friendly with them and treated them just like anybody else. And they were so thankful that we included them, instead of bringing Joe home and telling them they weren’t welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were included in a lot of the activities he had going on. Got to know all of his friends. The only thing he wouldn’t let me do is come to the gay pride parade. After he passed, that was one of the first things I did. I actually marched in the parade with a group from the grove, and I said, “I’m here, Joe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He passed in January 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I’m in the grove, I really feel Joe is with me. Joe did maintenance landscaping, so I know he would love the grove. The Circle of Friends is where I always gravitate. And even if we visit San Francisco when it’s not a work day, we go to the Grove and always go to the Circle of Friends. If it’s his birthday, we put flowers on his name. It’s just such a healing place, and everybody there has experienced losing someone to AIDS. So it’s easy to talk about. You just have so much in common. They’ve become family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many times when somebody will say, “How many children do you have?” I’ll say, two, but I lost my son. And then there is just this silence and they don’t know what to say. At the grove, I can talk about it and nobody’s uncomfortable. I think that’s the most healing thing for me. I have one friend that sends me a Mother’s Day card every year from Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someday I’ll probably scatter Joe’s ashes at the grove, but I have them here with me now. I combined his partner’s ashes and his ashes. He’s always with me. It was just his birthday the other day. He would have been 61. I see his friends who are his age, and it’s like, okay, that’s what he would look like. Yeah. Turned out great.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965282\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 704px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965282\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Tom Jenson.\" width=\"704\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg 704w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Jenson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Tom Jenson\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer, board member, garden expert\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> believe scent and movement invoke memory. Not even floral, but nature and wet ground. Or the moisture of something dank inside the redwood grove in the darkness, where there’s non-movement and the chance to be with yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Ray [former head gardener] came to me years ago and said “I want to plant a thousand lavenders on the North Slope,” I was like, you have no argument from me because it’s bringing scent and movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became a gardener because I was a child seeking love from my father. My father was an aspiring landscape architect but was an engineer who then had five children, so decided he couldn’t go back to school and become what he wanted. His life was always gardening, planting, building. And I just sat there looking at the Sunset Western Garden guide and looking at plants and learning about plants. I probably would have naturally veered that way anyway. But it was a good way to spend time with my dad since I didn’t want to dribble basketballs with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner died on Memorial Day in 2000, and by June, I was at the grove for my first work day. I said, “You have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to understand —I was in high caregiving mode. I said to myself, “You have to go volunteer on the weekend because if you lay in bed and grieve, Monday morning, you’ll be calling in sick to work because you’ll get further and further under the covers.” So I came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, I was not social. My partner and I were both introverts, but also I grew up as a shy child, which is why I looked through the books of flowers and plants and read those. So coming here was intimidating to me because I’m like, oh, a group of people. And it’s outdoors. It’s not like just going to the hotline for the AIDS Foundation, which I did for a while, where you have your own little cubicle and your book of answers. I’m going to have to relate to people. I just convinced myself to just come here and I know what I’m doing in terms of weeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I left, I said, “I’ll see you next week.” And they’re like, “Oh, we only do this once a month.” And I was like, oh, no. I need this once a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I started asking this other volunteer questions. Like, what’s a board of directors? Why did they plant these? Why are these native plants in the sand dunes? I’m using the Latin names as I say those words because I read them in the book. I know about California plants, Western plants. And at some point, he said, “Do you want to join a committee?” Yeah! So I joined the Workday committee, which was designed to plan for the workdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I moved to the planning committee. We developed a very tight site committee that met with the gardener, and talked about: What are we doing next year? What are your ideas about improvements? What do you think needs to be done in three years? What should we be preparing for? Because it helps us raise funds too, letting people know something’s happening, and what’s going on with maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965283\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Vince Crisostomo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-1020x710.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-160x111.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo.jpeg 1150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vince Crisostomo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Vincent Crisostomo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Director of Aging Services, SFAF\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>’ve been living with HIV since 1985, and so it’s been a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am originally from Guam, and I was there for a couple of years doing HIV work. I opened the first organization funded to do HIV work in the Pacific. Then I went to DC and I was the director of field operations for a research study at Georgetown University. Then I went abroad and I lived in Thailand and did international work for about 6 1/2 years in HIV and AIDS. I was on the U.N. AIDS board for about five years, representing the Asia Pacific. Then I moved back to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t want my current job [Director of Aging Services, SF AIDS Foundation] when it was presented. But after a while, I needed a job so I applied. I was about to go on food stamps and general assistance. It’s been nine years now and it’s probably one of the best jobs I’ve ever had. We serve people who survived the HIV/AIDS epidemic. So people are 50, 60 and 70. I’m on a bunch of policy committees too [Human Rights Commission, Dignity Fund, State Equity for Aging committee, etc.].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, I do a lot of work with younger people, which has been really a revelation to me because I didn’t have this when I was in my twenties. Like, people, we were too busy fighting for our lives!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to hang out with young people and hear them talk about and also see them with each other, you know, in a way that my generation wasn’t able to do. We didn’t have the term BIPOC then. There just always seemed to be a competition going on, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m trying to live my life. I realize that there are many people who didn’t make it through the HIV AIDS epidemic. And so, I just feel that I owe it to them and to myself to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner and I moved back to San Francisco from New York in November of 1990, and my partner at the time, his name was Jesse Solomon, he passed away on October 6th, 1991. I got a call from somebody saying that they were going to plant a tree for Jesse in the Grove. I didn’t think too much about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then when I got this job, I’d bring my group of 50+ network to the Grove, for events, work days. It had been a seed that was planted in 1991. And I realized, like, my God, I never thought the tree would be here! It was really emotional. I didn’t think I was going to be here, be alive. There’s a lot of names that engraved in the Circle of Friends. I think Jesse’s name is there, and another friend, Joel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, we got this family, Al and Jane Nakatani and their sons. My generation of folks, we raised money to engrave all the names of the whole family. Initially, they thought they could only afford to do the sons. But we put the whole family’s name there. Jane had come from Hawaii and when she saw it, she gasped and burst into tears because she didn’t expect to see her name. And she said, “This is the first time our family has been together in public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997 I brought the quilt to Guam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had lived in New York in the eighties and I had this aerobics instructor who I adored. When I was on my way to Guam I stopped in NYC and went by the gym, just to see it. It had gone out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, we arrived in Guam and I met this young lady and she said to me, “Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for my brother’s quilt panel.” I said, I’m sure we can help you, tell me about your brother. And she says, “He was an aerobics director in New York.” And he was my aerobics instructor! We became instant friends and that was amazing. There are these incredible coincidences or synchronicities, but they just kind of happen. That’s the magic of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Ellen Shepherd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>‘m living in Sonoma and I’ve been living up here since 1994. I have a fairly active life, for my age. I turned 91 in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our second daughter, Kathy, passed from AIDS. It began when I got a phone call from Kathy saying her boyfriend had been taken to the hospital and was very ill. They made her have a blood test and told her that he was in throws of AIDS and that she was HIV positive. She said, “I don’t know what I’m going to do. I’m leaving him in the hospital. His brother’s going to come and take care of him. I just can’t do it anymore. He’s been sick and I’ve been taking care of him for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t sick, but she was very depressed to discover that she had HIV. Nobody up here in Sonoma really knew very much about it. Nobody knew much about taking care of women anyway, because there just weren’t that many women infected that we knew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think probably she would’ve been better off in San Francisco where the doctors had a little bit more experience. She stayed with us for about a year, and then she moved up to Guerneville on the Russian River. With her permission, I talked to the doctor that she had in Guerneville, and he said, “She’s one of those patients that always agrees with you when you say, ‘You’ve got to do this.’ And then she goes out and does what she wants anyway.” And I said, “Listen, she’s been like that all her life. Never argued with us, never gave us a bit of sass or anything, like some of the other kids.” But I said, “You have to go in and clean your room.” And she’d say, “Okay,” and go in and do something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her regime was to take her medications when she kind of got around to it, instead of as the doctor had prescribed. And she was drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was showing signs of really getting ill. Her complexion was very bad, and her eyesight was terrible. She had been driving my car when she lived here with us, but as her eyesight deteriorated, that was one of the signs that things were getting worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took her back to Guerneville, and that very night she called her sister Diana and said, “I’m so sick. I think I have to go to the hospital.” This was not the first time. But this time Diana took her to the hospital in Sebastopol, and they kept her. And the next day, my husband and I went up and they essentially told us, if there’s somebody you need to notify, you better do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We laughed with her. We had a wonderful evening, and she was very, very weak, but she seemed to have her wits about her. That was Sunday evening. Monday morning I got a call from the hospital that she had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was right around the 4th of July. I just couldn’t come to grips with it. I don’t have any place to really mourn her. Then I remembered reading something from the time we lived in San Francisco. There was something in the Chronicle about a memorial grove somewhere for AIDS and I thought it was in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I called one of the daughters who was living in San Francisco and said, “Do you know anything about it?” She lived right close by. She called me back in a couple of hours and said, “There is this beautiful place there. It’s called the Redwood AIDS Memorial Grove. I think you should call them. There’s a phone number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I did call, and I talked to a lady there, Sue Ellen. I said, “Would it be possible to plant a tree there?” And she said, “We have a volunteer day coming up and we would like to invite you to come to that day, and then we could do it right afterwards.” And so the whole family, my son, of course, my husband and I, and all four of the girls who were left, we all came to the volunteer day in September of 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We planted the tree, a little redwood tree, up in the De LaVega Dell. The tree was maybe five inches shorter than I was, so a little over five feet, which now 23 years later, is so tall you can’t see the top of it. That tree became so special and so sacred to us that both my husband and I said, “Boy, when we die, we’d like our ashes scattered there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a wonderful thing that there is a place where people are not worried about the fact that they may be a patient themselves. We just share in our grief, but we share also in our joy. We don’t go there and cry because it’s so sad, we go there because we want to work and make something beautiful and also so we don’t forget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11965263/a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","authors":["102"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_30596","news_2304","news_1511","news_31170"],"featImg":"news_11965428","label":"news_17986"},"news_11876814":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11876814","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11876814","score":null,"sort":[1622850631000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"teens-say-metoo-good-news-for-trans-asylum-seeker-mourning-two-pandemics","title":"Teens Say #MeToo, Good News For Trans Asylum Seeker, Mourning Two Pandemics","publishDate":1622850631,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11876356/how-high-school-students-launched-their-own-metoo-movement-during-the-pandemic\">How High School Students Launched Their Own #MeToo Movement During the Pandemic\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When most schools across California shut down last year, teenagers were stuck at home. For some, that meant months alone to reflect on experiences of trauma in high school. But they didn’t all keep that pain to themselves. Instead, hundreds of young people turned to social media to share their stories. KQED Reporter Holly J. McDede talked to students in Los Gatos and San Diego County about what it's been like to push for change on campus during distance learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11876583/11876583-revision-v1\">‘I’m Living My Dream’: Transgender Asylum Seeker Finally Makes It to the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last December, we brought you a documentary about Luna Guzmán, a young transgender woman from Guatemala. She lived through years of brutal abuse and discrimination in her hometown, contracted HIV as a teenager, and dreamed of seeking asylum in California. Host Sasha Khokha followed Guzmán for more than two years – from a migrant shelter in Tijuana – to an ICE detention center near San Diego, even tracking her down when she was sick with COVID, fighting for her life in an ICU. Guzmán was able to cross into San Diego on a humanitarian parole visa last month, with the help of the Oakland-based Transgender Law Center. She's starting her new life not in California, but in New York City, which guarantees free housing for individuals living with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975078/audio-lost-my-lover-to-aids-my-father-to-covid\">Lost My Lover to AIDS. Then My Father to COVID\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve been bringing you tributes to Californians we’ve lost to COVID-19. This week, we hear from Vince Crisostomo, whose father Francisco died from COVID the day before his 87th birthday. Francisco was a retired Air Force veteran, and caught the virus inside his nursing home in Alameda County. Vince was devastated. He had already lost a partner, the love of his life, to AIDS in San Francisco in 1991. KQED Health Reporter Lesley McClurg recorded Vince as he shared memories of his father’s last year, and described what it’s like to mourn loved ones during two pandemics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1626811796,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":384},"headData":{"title":"Teens Say #MeToo, Good News For Trans Asylum Seeker, Mourning Two Pandemics | KQED","description":"Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast. How High School Students Launched Their Own #MeToo Movement During the Pandemic When most schools across California shut down last year, teenagers were stuck at home. For some, that meant months alone to reflect on experiences of trauma in high","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Teens Say #MeToo, Good News For Trans Asylum Seeker, Mourning Two Pandemics","datePublished":"2021-06-04T23:50:31.000Z","dateModified":"2021-07-20T20:09:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11876814 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11876814","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/06/04/teens-say-metoo-good-news-for-trans-asylum-seeker-mourning-two-pandemics/","disqusTitle":"Teens Say #MeToo, Good News For Trans Asylum Seeker, Mourning Two Pandemics","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/the-california-report-magazine","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC8061833549.mp3","path":"/news/11876814/teens-say-metoo-good-news-for-trans-asylum-seeker-mourning-two-pandemics","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11876356/how-high-school-students-launched-their-own-metoo-movement-during-the-pandemic\">How High School Students Launched Their Own #MeToo Movement During the Pandemic\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When most schools across California shut down last year, teenagers were stuck at home. For some, that meant months alone to reflect on experiences of trauma in high school. But they didn’t all keep that pain to themselves. Instead, hundreds of young people turned to social media to share their stories. KQED Reporter Holly J. McDede talked to students in Los Gatos and San Diego County about what it's been like to push for change on campus during distance learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11876583/11876583-revision-v1\">‘I’m Living My Dream’: Transgender Asylum Seeker Finally Makes It to the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last December, we brought you a documentary about Luna Guzmán, a young transgender woman from Guatemala. She lived through years of brutal abuse and discrimination in her hometown, contracted HIV as a teenager, and dreamed of seeking asylum in California. Host Sasha Khokha followed Guzmán for more than two years – from a migrant shelter in Tijuana – to an ICE detention center near San Diego, even tracking her down when she was sick with COVID, fighting for her life in an ICU. Guzmán was able to cross into San Diego on a humanitarian parole visa last month, with the help of the Oakland-based Transgender Law Center. She's starting her new life not in California, but in New York City, which guarantees free housing for individuals living with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975078/audio-lost-my-lover-to-aids-my-father-to-covid\">Lost My Lover to AIDS. Then My Father to COVID\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve been bringing you tributes to Californians we’ve lost to COVID-19. This week, we hear from Vince Crisostomo, whose father Francisco died from COVID the day before his 87th birthday. Francisco was a retired Air Force veteran, and caught the virus inside his nursing home in Alameda County. Vince was devastated. He had already lost a partner, the love of his life, to AIDS in San Francisco in 1991. KQED Health Reporter Lesley McClurg recorded Vince as he shared memories of his father’s last year, and described what it’s like to mourn loved ones during two pandemics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11876814/teens-say-metoo-good-news-for-trans-asylum-seeker-mourning-two-pandemics","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_21291"],"tags":["news_26233","news_28005","news_1511","news_21804","news_1527","news_29544"],"featImg":"news_11876388","label":"news_26731"},"news_11849549":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11849549","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11849549","score":null,"sort":[1607049047000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","title":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1607049047,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California’s New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, joins Marisa Lagos and Scott Shafer to discuss California’s new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the “spectacular” advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Then, San Francisco Chronicle health reporter Erin Allday joins to discuss the new statewide order and how public health guidance has evolved since the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from our interview with Dr. Fauci:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California’s new shelter-in-place order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, the nation’s leading infectious disease specialist, enthusiastically supports Gov. Gavin Newsom’s new order, which calls for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849487/newsom-to-impose-sweeping-new-stay-at-home-order-as-covid-19-rates-soar\">regional shutdowns of some businesses and other activities\u003c/a> once ICU hospital bed capacity drops to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he consulted with California health authorities ahead of the announcement, and called it “a prudent and correct decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason is that you are all on a brink, literally on the threshold of getting the almost unimaginable situation of getting the health care system overrun. You just can’t let that happen. That is unimaginable and unacceptable,” Fauci said. “I spoke to some of his health people and I said I would back them in that decision. So I certainly back what the governor’s doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11849487\" label=\"California's New Shelter-in-Place Order\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci warned that while hospitals across the nation are already filling up, we have not “seen the full brunt of what we expect to be yet again, another surge, hopefully a mini surge, as opposed to a major one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There almost invariably will be a surge associated with what went on last week, with Thanksgiving, with the travel … and the congregate settings of dinners,” he said. “The trouble is, the spike won’t come for about two and a half to three weeks after the Thanksgiving holiday, which would put it right before the Christmas and Hanukkah holiday, which is kind of a double whammy. So we are in a really precarious situation. And because of the stress on the health care system, I think what the governor did was both prudent and advisable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the nation’s inconsistent approach and mixed messaging\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who’s careful not to get too political, said this: “Mixed messages are bad. One of the problems inherent in mixed messages is that [it] provides license for people to do things according to their own preconceived notions. Because if they hear that going left is right, going right is right, then they say: ‘I’m going to go wherever I want to go because it’s a 50-50 chance.’ that’s not good. We need consistent messages at all levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where we stand now as compared to where he thought we would be when the pandemic started, Fauci was blunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘There’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I would have to say honestly, worse,” he said. “I thought that we were going to have a uniform public health response that would not have allowed us to never get below a precarious baseline. And every time we try to do something like open up the economy, we’d slip up and then come down. And then we do this, we slip up, and now we’re going into winter, we’re going into the holidays and we’re seeing the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also acknowledged that governing a large state like California — and ensuring a consistent message across its diverse 58 counties — is difficult. But, he said, even though the entire nation is seeing a surge in cases right now, places like California are in a better position to tackle the increase because of our stricter state guidelines around mask wearing and social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think initially you may think you’re seeing the same result, but when it really plays out, there’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the vaccine and his hope for the coming months\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci encouraged Americans not to lose hope, saying we need to hang on for just a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"covid-vaccines\" label=\"more vaccine coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Help is on the way because we have extraordinarily efficacious vaccines, plural, more than one vaccine that will start to be implemented and distributed in the middle and end of December. And then as we get into January, February, March, more and more and more people will be vaccinated so that by the time we get to April, it will be available for the general public,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he’s confident we will “crush this outbreak” and urged the nation to double down, to make difficult sacrifices as we head into the holidays — knowing that there’s light at the end of the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we get a substantial proportion of the population vaccinated, we’ll get that umbrella of herd immunity and that will ultimately crush this outbreak,” he said. “That to me is an incentive … to double down even more and say [that] although things like the lockdown, things that the governor is trying to do are difficult and straining your comfort, your economy and all those things, the fact is that at the end of the day it will get us through. And then when a vaccine comes in full blast, we’re going to be out of this.” [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On vaccine skepticism\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>With regular Americans as well as health care workers expressing concern about the safety of a vaccine created in record time, Fauci urged everyone to examine the scientific record and consider the independence of our regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These skepticisms are understandable when there are mixed messages,” he said, noting that people have concern about both how quickly the vaccines were developed and whether they are safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we were able to go from the recognition of a brand new virus in January to a vaccine that’s able to be distributed by December is a completely unprecedented accomplishment,” he said. “It is spectacular not because it was rushed by compromising safety or scientific integrity, because of the extraordinary scientific advances that have been made in vaccine platform technologies, which is the fruit of basic and applied research that’s been going on for decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it’s not as if the underlying science and technology “just popped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is people who have been working throughout the country, in the world, for decades on exquisite technologies that have allowed us to do things in weeks to months that a decade ago would have taken several years. So the speed does not compromise anything,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the safety and the efficacy? Fauci said he knows some people are skeptical that the Trump administration may be trying to prove something, or that the vaccine manufacturers are just trying to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘We’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the [vaccine] process is independent and transparent, period’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s neither of the two, and here’s why,” he said. “Because the determination of safety and efficacy is made by an independent data and safety monitoring board that has allegiance, not to the president, not to the administration and not to the company. It has an allegiance to the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that the process starts with a group of independent scientists, statisticians, ethicists and vaccinology experts who examine the data for safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They then, and only then, release it to the company, which then examines it and gives it to the [Food and Drug Administration], where career scientists — not politicians but career scientists who do this every day for decades — examine the data and then in accordance with their advisory committee, which is another independent committee, determine if it’s safe and able to be given to the American public. So you have a process that is not only independent, it’s completely transparent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that “nobody can hide anything,” because the data will ultimately be published in a peer-reviewed journal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the process is independent and transparent, period,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On his own personal journey\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci also discussed his remarkable career — he has been at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases since 1972 and was appointed director in 1984.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this pandemic has made Fauci a household name, many in the public health community first got to know him in the 1980s as the nation struggled with another new, mysterious, deadly and terrifying virus: HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci recognized the threat before many of his colleagues and began researching the virus. But by 1988, he and other government scientists were also becoming the subject of protests by AIDS activists — mostly young, gay men — who felt the government wasn’t doing enough to let infected Americans try new treatments and that they didn’t have a seat at the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci invited them in, and ended up traveling the country to talk to gay communities stricken by AIDS. Their inclusion and input helped change the way the government approached experimental HIV and AIDS treatments — and more broadly, how we approach medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked Fauci what he learned from that experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, that was really one of the more transforming periods in my own professional career, in my own life, in which I made a decision — which retrospectively it really turned out to be a good decision — to reach out to the community,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this case, it was dominated by young gay men in San Francisco and in New York and in Los Angeles. Because they had some very valid points that the government, the scientific and regulatory community just did not fully appreciate the situation they were in, and they excluded the constituents from participation in important decision making that had a great impact on their lives and their deaths. And yet no one was listening to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The activists’ exclusion, Fauci said, made them “iconoclastic, theatrical, confrontative, which unfortunately turned off the government and the scientific and regulatory community even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he did — putting aside the theatrical protests and sitting down with them — “was one of the better things I’ve ever done in my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became eminently clear to me that what they were saying really made sense, and if I were in their shoes, I would have been doing exactly what they were doing. And that’s when I said I need to sit down and start talking to these people. And once we did that, we found out that we had a lot in common. And that’s when the bonds of collaboration began decades ago to the point now that is a very productive component of what we do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who will be serving his seventh presidential administration as NIAID director when Joe Biden is sworn in next month, has survived Republicans and Democrats, as well as numerous outbreaks: HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Zika, H1N1 and now the coronavirus. What has he learned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a scientist and as a public health person, it’s absolutely essential that I stay above and beyond the politics and focus completely on the public health, the scientific issues, because that’s what I’m supposed to be doing,” he said. “Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dr. Anthony Fauci spoke with KQED's Political Breakdown on California's new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the 'spectacular' advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700875556,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":2258},"headData":{"title":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"Dr. Anthony Fauci spoke with KQED's Political Breakdown on California's new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the 'spectacular' advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic","datePublished":"2020-12-04T02:30:47.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-25T01:25:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Political Breakdown","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7571977294.mp3","path":"/news/11849549/dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","audioDuration":1831000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, joins Marisa Lagos and Scott Shafer to discuss California’s new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the “spectacular” advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Then, San Francisco Chronicle health reporter Erin Allday joins to discuss the new statewide order and how public health guidance has evolved since the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from our interview with Dr. Fauci:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California’s new shelter-in-place order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, the nation’s leading infectious disease specialist, enthusiastically supports Gov. Gavin Newsom’s new order, which calls for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849487/newsom-to-impose-sweeping-new-stay-at-home-order-as-covid-19-rates-soar\">regional shutdowns of some businesses and other activities\u003c/a> once ICU hospital bed capacity drops to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he consulted with California health authorities ahead of the announcement, and called it “a prudent and correct decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason is that you are all on a brink, literally on the threshold of getting the almost unimaginable situation of getting the health care system overrun. You just can’t let that happen. That is unimaginable and unacceptable,” Fauci said. “I spoke to some of his health people and I said I would back them in that decision. So I certainly back what the governor’s doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11849487","label":"California's New Shelter-in-Place Order "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci warned that while hospitals across the nation are already filling up, we have not “seen the full brunt of what we expect to be yet again, another surge, hopefully a mini surge, as opposed to a major one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There almost invariably will be a surge associated with what went on last week, with Thanksgiving, with the travel … and the congregate settings of dinners,” he said. “The trouble is, the spike won’t come for about two and a half to three weeks after the Thanksgiving holiday, which would put it right before the Christmas and Hanukkah holiday, which is kind of a double whammy. So we are in a really precarious situation. And because of the stress on the health care system, I think what the governor did was both prudent and advisable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the nation’s inconsistent approach and mixed messaging\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who’s careful not to get too political, said this: “Mixed messages are bad. One of the problems inherent in mixed messages is that [it] provides license for people to do things according to their own preconceived notions. Because if they hear that going left is right, going right is right, then they say: ‘I’m going to go wherever I want to go because it’s a 50-50 chance.’ that’s not good. We need consistent messages at all levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where we stand now as compared to where he thought we would be when the pandemic started, Fauci was blunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘There’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I would have to say honestly, worse,” he said. “I thought that we were going to have a uniform public health response that would not have allowed us to never get below a precarious baseline. And every time we try to do something like open up the economy, we’d slip up and then come down. And then we do this, we slip up, and now we’re going into winter, we’re going into the holidays and we’re seeing the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also acknowledged that governing a large state like California — and ensuring a consistent message across its diverse 58 counties — is difficult. But, he said, even though the entire nation is seeing a surge in cases right now, places like California are in a better position to tackle the increase because of our stricter state guidelines around mask wearing and social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think initially you may think you’re seeing the same result, but when it really plays out, there’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the vaccine and his hope for the coming months\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci encouraged Americans not to lose hope, saying we need to hang on for just a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"covid-vaccines","label":"more vaccine coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Help is on the way because we have extraordinarily efficacious vaccines, plural, more than one vaccine that will start to be implemented and distributed in the middle and end of December. And then as we get into January, February, March, more and more and more people will be vaccinated so that by the time we get to April, it will be available for the general public,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he’s confident we will “crush this outbreak” and urged the nation to double down, to make difficult sacrifices as we head into the holidays — knowing that there’s light at the end of the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we get a substantial proportion of the population vaccinated, we’ll get that umbrella of herd immunity and that will ultimately crush this outbreak,” he said. “That to me is an incentive … to double down even more and say [that] although things like the lockdown, things that the governor is trying to do are difficult and straining your comfort, your economy and all those things, the fact is that at the end of the day it will get us through. And then when a vaccine comes in full blast, we’re going to be out of this.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On vaccine skepticism\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>With regular Americans as well as health care workers expressing concern about the safety of a vaccine created in record time, Fauci urged everyone to examine the scientific record and consider the independence of our regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These skepticisms are understandable when there are mixed messages,” he said, noting that people have concern about both how quickly the vaccines were developed and whether they are safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we were able to go from the recognition of a brand new virus in January to a vaccine that’s able to be distributed by December is a completely unprecedented accomplishment,” he said. “It is spectacular not because it was rushed by compromising safety or scientific integrity, because of the extraordinary scientific advances that have been made in vaccine platform technologies, which is the fruit of basic and applied research that’s been going on for decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it’s not as if the underlying science and technology “just popped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is people who have been working throughout the country, in the world, for decades on exquisite technologies that have allowed us to do things in weeks to months that a decade ago would have taken several years. So the speed does not compromise anything,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the safety and the efficacy? Fauci said he knows some people are skeptical that the Trump administration may be trying to prove something, or that the vaccine manufacturers are just trying to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the [vaccine] process is independent and transparent, period’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s neither of the two, and here’s why,” he said. “Because the determination of safety and efficacy is made by an independent data and safety monitoring board that has allegiance, not to the president, not to the administration and not to the company. It has an allegiance to the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that the process starts with a group of independent scientists, statisticians, ethicists and vaccinology experts who examine the data for safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They then, and only then, release it to the company, which then examines it and gives it to the [Food and Drug Administration], where career scientists — not politicians but career scientists who do this every day for decades — examine the data and then in accordance with their advisory committee, which is another independent committee, determine if it’s safe and able to be given to the American public. So you have a process that is not only independent, it’s completely transparent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that “nobody can hide anything,” because the data will ultimately be published in a peer-reviewed journal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the process is independent and transparent, period,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On his own personal journey\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci also discussed his remarkable career — he has been at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases since 1972 and was appointed director in 1984.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this pandemic has made Fauci a household name, many in the public health community first got to know him in the 1980s as the nation struggled with another new, mysterious, deadly and terrifying virus: HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci recognized the threat before many of his colleagues and began researching the virus. But by 1988, he and other government scientists were also becoming the subject of protests by AIDS activists — mostly young, gay men — who felt the government wasn’t doing enough to let infected Americans try new treatments and that they didn’t have a seat at the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci invited them in, and ended up traveling the country to talk to gay communities stricken by AIDS. Their inclusion and input helped change the way the government approached experimental HIV and AIDS treatments — and more broadly, how we approach medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked Fauci what he learned from that experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, that was really one of the more transforming periods in my own professional career, in my own life, in which I made a decision — which retrospectively it really turned out to be a good decision — to reach out to the community,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this case, it was dominated by young gay men in San Francisco and in New York and in Los Angeles. Because they had some very valid points that the government, the scientific and regulatory community just did not fully appreciate the situation they were in, and they excluded the constituents from participation in important decision making that had a great impact on their lives and their deaths. And yet no one was listening to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The activists’ exclusion, Fauci said, made them “iconoclastic, theatrical, confrontative, which unfortunately turned off the government and the scientific and regulatory community even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he did — putting aside the theatrical protests and sitting down with them — “was one of the better things I’ve ever done in my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became eminently clear to me that what they were saying really made sense, and if I were in their shoes, I would have been doing exactly what they were doing. And that’s when I said I need to sit down and start talking to these people. And once we did that, we found out that we had a lot in common. And that’s when the bonds of collaboration began decades ago to the point now that is a very productive component of what we do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who will be serving his seventh presidential administration as NIAID director when Joe Biden is sworn in next month, has survived Republicans and Democrats, as well as numerous outbreaks: HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Zika, H1N1 and now the coronavirus. What has he learned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a scientist and as a public health person, it’s absolutely essential that I stay above and beyond the politics and focus completely on the public health, the scientific issues, because that’s what I’m supposed to be doing,” he said. “Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11849549/dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","authors":["3239","255"],"programs":["news_33544"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_1510","news_28880","news_27350","news_28801","news_27504","news_1511","news_22235"],"featImg":"news_11849582","label":"source_news_11849549"},"news_11833410":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11833410","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11833410","score":null,"sort":[1597658455000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-pandemic-is-deja-vu-for-some-survivors-of-the-hiv-crisis","title":"The Pandemic Feels Like Déjà Vu For Some Survivors of the HIV/AIDS Crisis","publishDate":1597658455,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The Pandemic Feels Like Déjà Vu For Some Survivors of the HIV/AIDS Crisis | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Jesus Guillen overheard a woman ask why those being held on the Grand Princess cruise ship docked at the Oakland Port with COVID-19 couldn’t just be sent to an island somewhere. It reminded him immediately of another crisis he lived through: the HIV/AIDS epidemic of the 1980s, where discrimination and stigma were made worse by the government’s inadequate response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lesleymcclurg\">Lesley McClurg\u003c/a>, KQED science reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can read Lesley’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1966675/as-with-covid-19-uncertainty-and-stigma-marked-the-outbreak-of-hiv-now-these-men-navigate-a-new-pandemic\">full story here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700693997,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":90},"headData":{"title":"The Pandemic Feels Like Déjà Vu For Some Survivors of the HIV/AIDS Crisis | KQED","description":"At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Jesus Guillen overheard a woman ask why those being held on the Grand Princess cruise ship docked at the Oakland Port with COVID-19 couldn’t just be sent to an island somewhere. It reminded him immediately of another crisis he lived through: the HIV/AIDS epidemic of the 1980s, where","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The Pandemic Feels Like Déjà Vu For Some Survivors of the HIV/AIDS Crisis","datePublished":"2020-08-17T10:00:55.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-22T22:59:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC1685516642.mp3","path":"/news/11833410/the-pandemic-is-deja-vu-for-some-survivors-of-the-hiv-crisis","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Jesus Guillen overheard a woman ask why those being held on the Grand Princess cruise ship docked at the Oakland Port with COVID-19 couldn’t just be sent to an island somewhere. It reminded him immediately of another crisis he lived through: the HIV/AIDS epidemic of the 1980s, where discrimination and stigma were made worse by the government’s inadequate response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lesleymcclurg\">Lesley McClurg\u003c/a>, KQED science reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can read Lesley’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1966675/as-with-covid-19-uncertainty-and-stigma-marked-the-outbreak-of-hiv-now-these-men-navigate-a-new-pandemic\">full story here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11833410/the-pandemic-is-deja-vu-for-some-survivors-of-the-hiv-crisis","authors":["7240","11229","8654","11649"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_27350","news_1511","news_20004","news_22598"],"featImg":"news_11833412","label":"source_news_11833410"},"news_11828008":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11828008","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11828008","score":null,"sort":[1594303287000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","title":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19","publishDate":1594303287,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the \"free love\" era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A day later, the person calls,\" Potterat said. \"He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the '70s,\" he says. \"But everything changed with AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the '80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,\" Potterat remembered. \"And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,\" he said \"So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid '80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Coronavirus coverage\" tag=\"coronavirus\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,\" said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have to be able to protect themselves,\" he said. \"If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, 'well, what exactly is it supposed to add?' We’ve already told every single gay man they're at high-risk, and they should get tested,\" said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. \"At the time, the answer was, 'Nothing,'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, with much better drugs, it's become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the '80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,\" she said after a recent shift. \"It’s just getting crazy busy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,\" Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Lisa Fagundes, a contact tracer in San Francisco\"]'We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s Latino immigrant communities and communities of color who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 — they are more likely to contract the virus and more likely to die from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the mistrust and fears of discrimination are the same as they were for the gay community in the '80s: lost jobs, lost housing, and now, getting deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, because a lot of people may or may not be documented,\" Rutherford said. \"People are hesitant, much like gay men were hesitant to get on a list of gay men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes the work very difficult, Fagundes said, “because they’re a lot more curt and resistant, or suspicious or scared and upset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Overcoming Mistrust\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local state and county public health departments are leaning on lessons learned in the '80s to overcome the mistrust. They are running social media campaigns to demystify contact tracing and remind people the U.S. has been doing this for decades to contain all sorts of outbreaks, like STDs, measles, tuberculosis and food poisoning. They are building bridges with the affected populations by partnering with community groups that already have trusted relationships with them. And they are emphasizing hiring contact tracers who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822532/diversity-among-disease-detectives-key-to-containing-the-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bilingual and bicultural\u003c/a> to ease communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to truly win the public’s buy-in for contact tracing, veterans say the local health departments need back up from the federal government — they need a leader with a unifying message: us against the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president today, just like the president in the '80s, is doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away,\" Potterat said. \"And if it doesn't go away, 'Well, it's not affecting people that are really, really very important.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"John Potterat, contact tracer for 40 years\"]'COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan refused to reference AIDS in public for the first several years of the epidemic, alienating the gay community that was most impacted by the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump refuses to wear a mask in public, repeatedly contradicts his top scientific advisors and routinely makes remarks that alienate the communities of color most impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid the price then for a president who wouldn't utter the word,\" said David Harvey, executive director of the National Coalition of STD Directors, referring to the illness and deaths that could have been prevented. \"This is where we have history repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a sustained national education campaign, without a unified national message and without leaders who model the behavior that curbs transmission of the virus, he said, the pandemic will spread, and more people will die.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California’s coronavirus detectives are encountering similar concerns about privacy and discrimination today as their predecessors did in the 1980s.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1594333485,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1654},"headData":{"title":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19 | KQED","description":"California’s coronavirus detectives are encountering similar concerns about privacy and discrimination today as their predecessors did in the 1980s.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19","datePublished":"2020-07-09T14:01:27.000Z","dateModified":"2020-07-09T22:24:45.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11828008 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11828008","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/07/09/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19/","disqusTitle":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/d184ff97-789f-4f63-a78a-abf101303f40/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11828008/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the \"free love\" era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A day later, the person calls,\" Potterat said. \"He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the '70s,\" he says. \"But everything changed with AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the '80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,\" Potterat remembered. \"And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,\" he said \"So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid '80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Coronavirus coverage ","tag":"coronavirus"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,\" said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have to be able to protect themselves,\" he said. \"If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, 'well, what exactly is it supposed to add?' We’ve already told every single gay man they're at high-risk, and they should get tested,\" said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. \"At the time, the answer was, 'Nothing,'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, with much better drugs, it's become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the '80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,\" she said after a recent shift. \"It’s just getting crazy busy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,\" Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"left","citation":"Lisa Fagundes, a contact tracer in San Francisco","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s Latino immigrant communities and communities of color who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 — they are more likely to contract the virus and more likely to die from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the mistrust and fears of discrimination are the same as they were for the gay community in the '80s: lost jobs, lost housing, and now, getting deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, because a lot of people may or may not be documented,\" Rutherford said. \"People are hesitant, much like gay men were hesitant to get on a list of gay men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes the work very difficult, Fagundes said, “because they’re a lot more curt and resistant, or suspicious or scared and upset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Overcoming Mistrust\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local state and county public health departments are leaning on lessons learned in the '80s to overcome the mistrust. They are running social media campaigns to demystify contact tracing and remind people the U.S. has been doing this for decades to contain all sorts of outbreaks, like STDs, measles, tuberculosis and food poisoning. They are building bridges with the affected populations by partnering with community groups that already have trusted relationships with them. And they are emphasizing hiring contact tracers who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822532/diversity-among-disease-detectives-key-to-containing-the-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bilingual and bicultural\u003c/a> to ease communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to truly win the public’s buy-in for contact tracing, veterans say the local health departments need back up from the federal government — they need a leader with a unifying message: us against the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president today, just like the president in the '80s, is doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away,\" Potterat said. \"And if it doesn't go away, 'Well, it's not affecting people that are really, really very important.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"John Potterat, contact tracer for 40 years","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan refused to reference AIDS in public for the first several years of the epidemic, alienating the gay community that was most impacted by the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump refuses to wear a mask in public, repeatedly contradicts his top scientific advisors and routinely makes remarks that alienate the communities of color most impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid the price then for a president who wouldn't utter the word,\" said David Harvey, executive director of the National Coalition of STD Directors, referring to the illness and deaths that could have been prevented. \"This is where we have history repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a sustained national education campaign, without a unified national message and without leaders who model the behavior that curbs transmission of the virus, he said, the pandemic will spread, and more people will die.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11828008/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","authors":["3205"],"categories":["news_457","news_1169","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_1510","news_18538","news_27828","news_27350","news_27504","news_28051","news_18543","news_1511","news_20202","news_17968","news_19960","news_28224"],"featImg":"news_11828021","label":"news"},"news_11810441":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11810441","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11810441","score":null,"sort":[1586008833000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","title":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1586008833,"format":"audio","headTitle":"California Foodways | The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The coronavirus is on all of our minds, and for some, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic\">brings back memories \u003c/a>of another public health crisis, where the federal government was slow to respond and communities had to take care of each other: the AIDS epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who became an unexpected caregiver is Meridy Volz. Starting in the 1970s, she ran a bakery called Sticky Fingers Brownies. \"The business changed,\" Meridy says. \"It went from something fun and lightweight to something that was a lifeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Meridy Moves Out West\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy arrived in San Francisco in 1975, just in time to have her mind blown on Polk Street on Halloween. “It was filled with costumes and color and drag queens and energy,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was ready for a scene like this. She’d already been an artist and activist in Milwaukee, protesting for gay liberation and against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And San Francisco was like a land of promise: — liberal and artistic and free,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was a working artist, but needed a little more income, so she joined a friend selling baked goods and coffee on Fisherman’s Wharf. Today, the wharf is a tourist trap, but back then, it was a haven for street artists, selling handcrafted jewelry and knickknacks on little card tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Barbara Hartman-Jenichen, former baker at Sticky Fingers\"]'It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend carried a Guatemalan pouch of marijuana brownies over her shoulder, and that quickly became the most lucrative part of her business. When she decided to move to Europe, she offered the business to Meridy. Like every decision in her life, Meridy consulted an ancient Chinese text, the \"I Ching,\" used for guidance and wisdom, which involved tossing a brass coin six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I picked up the coins and I tossed a hexagram,” she says, and then asked, ‘Is it correct to start to sell brownies?’ And very quickly, my answer became clear that this was my destiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticky Fingers Is Born\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was one little problem: Meridy couldn’t cook. But luckily, she met Barbara Hartman-Jenichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barb had been a costumer for a prominent San Francisco theater, but pretty soon she quit that job and started baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers making a lot more than brownies. “Pumpkin bread, blueberry muffins, some little peanut butter things called space balls, cranberry orange bread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One evening after handling brownies all day, Barb had an idea: “I held my hands up and said, ‘sticky fingers,’ and boom, that was the name of the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name was perfect: a little sweet, a little dirty, and a little rock 'n' roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1497px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1497\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg 1497w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-800x641.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-1020x818.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1497px) 100vw, 1497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barb and Meridy smile together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists at Fisherman’s Wharf started sending Meridy to gallery owners and shop owners in the neighborhood, who sent her to other store owners. Pretty soon, Sticky Fingers was delivering to small businesses all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can I tell you? Fools have no fear,” says Barb. “It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected. I never felt threatened at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consulted the \"I Ching\" over every decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we wouldn't even go to a bar without tossing a hexagram,” says Barb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Meridy Volz\"]'There were beautiful boys everywhere. There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was making money. She had good friends and time to paint. The one area of her life that felt unfulfilled was her love life. So Barb set her up on a blind date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been going to UC Berkeley, but he dropped out to go to the Berkeley Psychic Institute. He was also a painter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug Volz went to Meridy’s house and saw her at the top of these long Victorian stairs, with light beaming behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a very strong impression,” he says. “And that first week with her I did more drugs than I'd done in my life previously up until that point in time. It was pretty wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved in together almost right away, into a firetrap of a warehouse in San Francisco’s Mission District, and Doug joined Sticky Fingers Brownies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810559\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 489px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"489\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-160x203.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-1020x1293.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sticky Fingers crew dressed up in outrageous outfits to deliver their brownies around San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A New Neighborhood Route\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Barb went back to working in theater, so Sticky Fingers hired a new baker, Carmen Vigil, who ramped up production to about 10,000 brownies per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes you wonder, why would they draw so much attention to themselves if they’re doing something illegal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug explains, matter-of-factly, “The way to be invisible in a situation is to stand out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d deliver the brownies wearing outrageous outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810565\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 404px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11810565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg 1785w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-160x289.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-800x1446.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-1020x1843.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meridy and Doug made hand-drawn designs for the bags the brownies came in. One has a cowboy riding a brownie like a bucking bronco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dressing up played really well in her newest neighborhood route: the Castro. It was the destination of people from across America who wanted to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were beautiful boys everywhere,” says Meridy. “There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps. Lovely men everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also hand delivered to Castro resident Sylvester, known as the Queen of Disco. Sylvester’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyAHULpMXKQ\">breakout hit, \"Mighty Real,\"\u003c/a> was playing all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy says, “He always had an entourage, and there'd be Sylvester, generally in lounging pajamas or kimono, and they'd buy a massive amount of brownies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sticky Fingers Brownies became so popular in the Castro that Meridy could hardly keep up, so her friends at a neighborhood hotspot called the Village Deli started selling them from behind the counter, friends like Dan Clowry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mer was just coming by with a big smile and her beautiful eyes. I always thought she looked like a mermaid or like a peacock feather,” Dan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan moved to San Francisco on June 11, 1978. He drove his Oldsmobile convertible into the neighborhood and saw the iconic Castro theater sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had such a feeling of excitement and thrill,\" Dan says. \"I could tell I was starting a new life. And I wasn't disappointed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Dan landed a job at the Village Deli. “And by the end of the day I was stoned on brownies,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was lugging more than brownies around. In late 1977, she and Doug had a baby daughter, Alia. Meridy would push the baby stroller with brownie bags hanging off the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could have been diaper bags! It was a good place to hang the brownies. They were heavy,” she says. She carried up to 40 dozen brownies at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says the fact that everyone knew they could pick up Sticky Fingers Brownies at the Village Deli gave the cafe a bit of celebrity status. “This added to the the general feeling of euphoria in the Castro at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810562\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810562\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg 705w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Volz hold his daughter, Alia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'It All Came Crashing Down'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gay liberation politics were hot and happening in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy frequented most of the stores in the neighborhood, including Castro Camera. It was a tiny, cluttered photo shop, that also served as campaign and organizing headquarters for Harvey Milk, who was becoming the most iconic figure of the gay liberation movement. Harvey had sworn off drugs when he got into politics, but that didn’t mean his employees or campaign volunteers abstained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You know, I got there in June of ‘78, so I only had, what, four or five months of euphoria, then it all came crashing down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, a young Dianne Feinstein made a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NikqzmwbgU\">now-famous statement to the press,\u003c/a> “As President of the Board of Supervisors, it’s my duty to make this announcement. Both Mayor Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk have been shot and killed. The suspect is Supervisor Dan White.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can remember standing in the warehouse and going, ‘Oh, my God,'” Meridy says. “I could feel the earth shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You could feel the shock, the stillness on Castro Street.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At nightfall, a silent candlelight vigil went from Castro Street down to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"a message on the last bag of Sticky Fingers Brownies\"]'Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The candlelight march was one of the most powerful things I've ever been involved in,” Dan says. “It just was the start of a whole new feeling in the Castro. Then it became anger and shock and rebellion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood changed, the city changed, and the Volz family began to change. The \"I Ching\" hexagrams Meridy threw took an ominous turn. “Suddenly I'm getting hexagrams like shock, thunder, the abysmal,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other marijuana busts happening in San Francisco, Meridy and Doug thought they’d get caught. Meridy says, when they announced they were closing Sticky Fingers Brownies, people started to panic buy. Offers poured in from people who wanted to buy the business, or buy the recipe, or buy the customer list. Meridy says the \"I Ching\" hexagrams kept giving the same answer: not right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to give away the recipe. So on that last bag, they printed the recipe and Meridy wrote in cursive: “Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1358px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1358\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg 1358w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-800x623.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-1020x794.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brownies wrapped, ready for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Changing Castro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy, Doug and little Alia moved up to a town called Willits in Mendocino County, but with no plan for making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty soon it seemed obvious that our money, whatever we had, was running out. It was a matter of months,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started making monthly runs back down to San Francisco, often with Alia in tow, staying at Beck’s Motor Lodge on the edge of the Castro. It was on these monthly runs that Meridy first started noticing little purple lesions on customers’ skin. It wouldn’t be long before the brownies became much more than a money-making venture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it was 1981, during my run in the Castro. I walked past Star Pharmacy and saw a poster that had somebody showing their lesions with Kaposi, and it was talking about the 'gay cancer,' ” says Meridy. The “gay cancer” soon became known as AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibe in the Castro began to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No longer was that kind of sea of pretty men draped over cars and sitting on steps,” says Meridy. “There was a fear. It was palpable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From his post at the Village Deli, Dan Clowry watched the AIDS epidemic unfold. [aside postID=\"news_11808367\" label=\"Looking to the Past\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/1920_Silverman-1020x574.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was taking people out right and left,\" Dan says. \"I was one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan started to see his role change from restaurant manager to care-taker. He wanted to make sure his customers were comfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of shame, and I just did my best to try to not make people feel ashamed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, one of Dan’s regular customers came in, his head swollen and purple like a grape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could just barely see who he was. But he was always a character in the neighborhood, someone who loved to dress up in 1940s military uniforms. And even with his head being all swollen up, he would dress himself up in his outfits and he'd put that little cap on the top of his head and he'd come to the door knowing that I was gonna be there and say, ‘Girl, you look fabulous today.’ You could see him just straighten up and feel, for a few minutes, it wasn’t nearly as bad,” Dan says, tearing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy started losing friends, too. First acquaintances, lovers of friends, and then her best friend, Phillip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Phillip was beautiful, with the kind of smile where his whole face smiles,” she says. “One minute we were going to the opera, the next minute he was dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS was still not well understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn't know if that was airborne or to the touch,” says Meridy, “and for me, I didn't care. I was just there to help. I wasn't there to judge. I wasn't there to be afraid. And you had to put your big girl panties on for this. Being in the middle of that plague, my gut never let me down there. I always felt that I would be safe. And that Alia would be safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alia Volz\"]'Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the AIDS epidemic killed tens of thousands of people, President Ronald Reagan refused to talk about it for years. Throughout the entire AIDS crisis, there was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-history-month-early-days-america-s-aids-crisis-n919701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chronic underfunding and a lack of government support\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco General Hospital opened the first AIDS ward in the country, and activism took many forms. People delivered meals, created hospices, supported emergency funds. Cleve Jones started the \u003ca href=\"https://aidsmemorial.org/theaidsquilt-learnmore/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAMES Project, \u003c/a>putting together a massive quilt that would appeal to mainstream America. Though it started in New York, the advocacy group ACT UP staged \u003ca href=\"https://48hills.org/2015/06/the-week-act-up-shut-sf-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highly visible protests\u003c/a> in San Francisco, too, and campaigned to get early access to experimental drugs and to make sure that when these drugs came out, they’d be affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Clowry says, “When they did come up with AZT, that was the only thing they had. Every place you went in the Castro you would hear ‘doo doo doo doo doo,’ because everybody had the little beeper with their pills in it. Every four hours they had to take their pills. Restaurants, movies, bars, you would just keep hearing: ‘doo doo doo doo doo.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became clear that AZT wasn’t effective in the long term. It extended some people’s lives for a period, but it was also highly toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were sick from the cures,” says Meridy, “and brownies were the one thing that helped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, Sticky Fingers Brownies was all about partying, making art and being subversive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The brownies became something else, when AIDS hit,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became a calling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helped with depression,” she says. “It helped with the side effects of the drugs. It helped caregivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says he would give a sick friend a small piece of a brownie, “and then we'd go out for dinner. It was great for an appetite stimulant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '90s, Dan left the Village Deli and became a nurse. He eventually helped open the AIDS unit at Mount Zion hospital, “and I ended up using that experience in my nursing because we would let people smoke marijuana out the windows of the hospital. Anything we could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810567\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1335px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1335\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg 1335w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-1020x810.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1335px) 100vw, 1335px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Wrapettes,\" preparing the brownies for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Finding a Purpose in Providing Some Relief\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Alia was 9, her parents divorced. Mother and daughter moved back to San Francisco, and Alia was deemed old enough to help bake, and sometimes she went with her mom on deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the AIDS crisis, there were a lot of home deliveries,” says Meridy. At this point she’d been delivering to Sylvester at his house for a decade. “After a while delivering at Sylvester's, I only dealt with his entourage, when he got really sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s another delivery that's really vivid in my mind,” says Alia. “There was a couple, friends of Sylvester’s, who lived in a beautiful Victorian.” She remembers the man who came to the door being so emaciated she could see every bone in his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did not know what we were walking into,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, when she entered the couple’s living room, she noticed a photograph on the mantle. “They were on a beach with their arms around each other, sand on their shoulders, and smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a bed in the middle of the room. “It took a while for me to register that what I thought was a pile of blankets on the bed was a person,” Alia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The caregiver was sick and the guy in the bed was on his last leg,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, “His caretaker who was also his partner, who was also dying, woke him up to say, ‘I’ve got those brownies and it’ll make you feel better.’ After that, when I helped my mom bake on the weekends, there was a new reason to do it. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"pop_103422\" label=\"Stepping Up In a Time of Need\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/06/Ruth-Brinker-1020x574.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, first lady Nancy Reagan had started the \"Just Say No\" advertising campaign during the war on drugs. Alia sat through assemblies at school and saw PSAs on television. “Remember that egg hitting a frying pan?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy stayed under the radar. She never got caught. But other people involved with getting marijuana to people with AIDS did jail time and took the fight for medical marijuana public. One of those people was Brownie Mary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy remembers her as being kind of conservative. “She kind of looked like the church lady down the block, you know,\" Meridy says. \"You wouldn't look at her and say, ‘Criminal, right there.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, protease inhibitors came on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They started to have some medicines that seem to be — in some way — helping people live longer with it,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two years, Meridy watched cannabis clubs proliferate throughout San Francisco and realized her brownies just weren’t as necessary as they had been. She left San Francisco and has been making art full time ever since. She’s 72 now, living in Desert Hot Springs, where she paints and teaches art to teenagers and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California today, the adult use of cannabis is legal, but Meridy says she’s totally out of the game, only taking an edible occasionally when she’s at home painting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t talk about the old days that much, but since Alia just wrote a book about her mom’s life, Meridy’s starting to have to reveal her San Francisco days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says her childhood was unconventional, “But I was nurtured, I was cared for, and I was surrounded by an enormous amount of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy had that same kind of love for her friends and her community, Alia says, and that led her to do the risky work of making and selling marijuana brownies to help ease the suffering of people with AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy still finds the AIDS crisis stunning. “I look back at how many beautiful people passed. It was a dangerous time, but in this case, it wasn't a thrill out of danger. It became a sense of, ‘Well, I have a purpose here in this. There's something I could do to help a little, relieve a little pain.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alia Volz’s memoir, \"\u003ca href=\"https://aliavolz.com/\">Home Baked\u003c/a>: My Mom, Marijuana, and the Stoning of San Francisco,\" comes out on 4/20, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported by \u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">California Humanities\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Meridy Volz became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the 1980s with her San Francisco baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1586217013,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":104,"wordCount":3578},"headData":{"title":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"Meridy Volz became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the 1980s with her San Francisco baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic","datePublished":"2020-04-04T14:00:33.000Z","dateModified":"2020-04-06T23:50:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11810441 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11810441","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/04/04/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic/","disqusTitle":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic","path":"/news/11810441/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2020/04/TCRPM20200403.mp3","audioDuration":1741000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The coronavirus is on all of our minds, and for some, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic\">brings back memories \u003c/a>of another public health crisis, where the federal government was slow to respond and communities had to take care of each other: the AIDS epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who became an unexpected caregiver is Meridy Volz. Starting in the 1970s, she ran a bakery called Sticky Fingers Brownies. \"The business changed,\" Meridy says. \"It went from something fun and lightweight to something that was a lifeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Meridy Moves Out West\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy arrived in San Francisco in 1975, just in time to have her mind blown on Polk Street on Halloween. “It was filled with costumes and color and drag queens and energy,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was ready for a scene like this. She’d already been an artist and activist in Milwaukee, protesting for gay liberation and against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And San Francisco was like a land of promise: — liberal and artistic and free,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was a working artist, but needed a little more income, so she joined a friend selling baked goods and coffee on Fisherman’s Wharf. Today, the wharf is a tourist trap, but back then, it was a haven for street artists, selling handcrafted jewelry and knickknacks on little card tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Barbara Hartman-Jenichen, former baker at Sticky Fingers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend carried a Guatemalan pouch of marijuana brownies over her shoulder, and that quickly became the most lucrative part of her business. When she decided to move to Europe, she offered the business to Meridy. Like every decision in her life, Meridy consulted an ancient Chinese text, the \"I Ching,\" used for guidance and wisdom, which involved tossing a brass coin six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I picked up the coins and I tossed a hexagram,” she says, and then asked, ‘Is it correct to start to sell brownies?’ And very quickly, my answer became clear that this was my destiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticky Fingers Is Born\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was one little problem: Meridy couldn’t cook. But luckily, she met Barbara Hartman-Jenichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barb had been a costumer for a prominent San Francisco theater, but pretty soon she quit that job and started baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers making a lot more than brownies. “Pumpkin bread, blueberry muffins, some little peanut butter things called space balls, cranberry orange bread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One evening after handling brownies all day, Barb had an idea: “I held my hands up and said, ‘sticky fingers,’ and boom, that was the name of the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name was perfect: a little sweet, a little dirty, and a little rock 'n' roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1497px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1497\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg 1497w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-800x641.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-1020x818.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1497px) 100vw, 1497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barb and Meridy smile together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists at Fisherman’s Wharf started sending Meridy to gallery owners and shop owners in the neighborhood, who sent her to other store owners. Pretty soon, Sticky Fingers was delivering to small businesses all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can I tell you? Fools have no fear,” says Barb. “It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected. I never felt threatened at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consulted the \"I Ching\" over every decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we wouldn't even go to a bar without tossing a hexagram,” says Barb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'There were beautiful boys everywhere. There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Meridy Volz","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was making money. She had good friends and time to paint. The one area of her life that felt unfulfilled was her love life. So Barb set her up on a blind date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been going to UC Berkeley, but he dropped out to go to the Berkeley Psychic Institute. He was also a painter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug Volz went to Meridy’s house and saw her at the top of these long Victorian stairs, with light beaming behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a very strong impression,” he says. “And that first week with her I did more drugs than I'd done in my life previously up until that point in time. It was pretty wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved in together almost right away, into a firetrap of a warehouse in San Francisco’s Mission District, and Doug joined Sticky Fingers Brownies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810559\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 489px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"489\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-160x203.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-1020x1293.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sticky Fingers crew dressed up in outrageous outfits to deliver their brownies around San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A New Neighborhood Route\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Barb went back to working in theater, so Sticky Fingers hired a new baker, Carmen Vigil, who ramped up production to about 10,000 brownies per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes you wonder, why would they draw so much attention to themselves if they’re doing something illegal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug explains, matter-of-factly, “The way to be invisible in a situation is to stand out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d deliver the brownies wearing outrageous outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810565\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 404px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11810565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg 1785w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-160x289.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-800x1446.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-1020x1843.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meridy and Doug made hand-drawn designs for the bags the brownies came in. One has a cowboy riding a brownie like a bucking bronco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dressing up played really well in her newest neighborhood route: the Castro. It was the destination of people from across America who wanted to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were beautiful boys everywhere,” says Meridy. “There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps. Lovely men everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also hand delivered to Castro resident Sylvester, known as the Queen of Disco. Sylvester’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyAHULpMXKQ\">breakout hit, \"Mighty Real,\"\u003c/a> was playing all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy says, “He always had an entourage, and there'd be Sylvester, generally in lounging pajamas or kimono, and they'd buy a massive amount of brownies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sticky Fingers Brownies became so popular in the Castro that Meridy could hardly keep up, so her friends at a neighborhood hotspot called the Village Deli started selling them from behind the counter, friends like Dan Clowry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mer was just coming by with a big smile and her beautiful eyes. I always thought she looked like a mermaid or like a peacock feather,” Dan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan moved to San Francisco on June 11, 1978. He drove his Oldsmobile convertible into the neighborhood and saw the iconic Castro theater sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had such a feeling of excitement and thrill,\" Dan says. \"I could tell I was starting a new life. And I wasn't disappointed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Dan landed a job at the Village Deli. “And by the end of the day I was stoned on brownies,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was lugging more than brownies around. In late 1977, she and Doug had a baby daughter, Alia. Meridy would push the baby stroller with brownie bags hanging off the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could have been diaper bags! It was a good place to hang the brownies. They were heavy,” she says. She carried up to 40 dozen brownies at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says the fact that everyone knew they could pick up Sticky Fingers Brownies at the Village Deli gave the cafe a bit of celebrity status. “This added to the the general feeling of euphoria in the Castro at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810562\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810562\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg 705w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Volz hold his daughter, Alia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'It All Came Crashing Down'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gay liberation politics were hot and happening in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy frequented most of the stores in the neighborhood, including Castro Camera. It was a tiny, cluttered photo shop, that also served as campaign and organizing headquarters for Harvey Milk, who was becoming the most iconic figure of the gay liberation movement. Harvey had sworn off drugs when he got into politics, but that didn’t mean his employees or campaign volunteers abstained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You know, I got there in June of ‘78, so I only had, what, four or five months of euphoria, then it all came crashing down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, a young Dianne Feinstein made a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NikqzmwbgU\">now-famous statement to the press,\u003c/a> “As President of the Board of Supervisors, it’s my duty to make this announcement. Both Mayor Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk have been shot and killed. The suspect is Supervisor Dan White.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can remember standing in the warehouse and going, ‘Oh, my God,'” Meridy says. “I could feel the earth shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You could feel the shock, the stillness on Castro Street.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At nightfall, a silent candlelight vigil went from Castro Street down to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"a message on the last bag of Sticky Fingers Brownies","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The candlelight march was one of the most powerful things I've ever been involved in,” Dan says. “It just was the start of a whole new feeling in the Castro. Then it became anger and shock and rebellion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood changed, the city changed, and the Volz family began to change. The \"I Ching\" hexagrams Meridy threw took an ominous turn. “Suddenly I'm getting hexagrams like shock, thunder, the abysmal,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other marijuana busts happening in San Francisco, Meridy and Doug thought they’d get caught. Meridy says, when they announced they were closing Sticky Fingers Brownies, people started to panic buy. Offers poured in from people who wanted to buy the business, or buy the recipe, or buy the customer list. Meridy says the \"I Ching\" hexagrams kept giving the same answer: not right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to give away the recipe. So on that last bag, they printed the recipe and Meridy wrote in cursive: “Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1358px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1358\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg 1358w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-800x623.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-1020x794.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brownies wrapped, ready for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Changing Castro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy, Doug and little Alia moved up to a town called Willits in Mendocino County, but with no plan for making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty soon it seemed obvious that our money, whatever we had, was running out. It was a matter of months,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started making monthly runs back down to San Francisco, often with Alia in tow, staying at Beck’s Motor Lodge on the edge of the Castro. It was on these monthly runs that Meridy first started noticing little purple lesions on customers’ skin. It wouldn’t be long before the brownies became much more than a money-making venture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it was 1981, during my run in the Castro. I walked past Star Pharmacy and saw a poster that had somebody showing their lesions with Kaposi, and it was talking about the 'gay cancer,' ” says Meridy. The “gay cancer” soon became known as AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibe in the Castro began to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No longer was that kind of sea of pretty men draped over cars and sitting on steps,” says Meridy. “There was a fear. It was palpable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From his post at the Village Deli, Dan Clowry watched the AIDS epidemic unfold. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11808367","label":"Looking to the Past ","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/1920_Silverman-1020x574.jpg"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was taking people out right and left,\" Dan says. \"I was one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan started to see his role change from restaurant manager to care-taker. He wanted to make sure his customers were comfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of shame, and I just did my best to try to not make people feel ashamed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, one of Dan’s regular customers came in, his head swollen and purple like a grape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could just barely see who he was. But he was always a character in the neighborhood, someone who loved to dress up in 1940s military uniforms. And even with his head being all swollen up, he would dress himself up in his outfits and he'd put that little cap on the top of his head and he'd come to the door knowing that I was gonna be there and say, ‘Girl, you look fabulous today.’ You could see him just straighten up and feel, for a few minutes, it wasn’t nearly as bad,” Dan says, tearing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy started losing friends, too. First acquaintances, lovers of friends, and then her best friend, Phillip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Phillip was beautiful, with the kind of smile where his whole face smiles,” she says. “One minute we were going to the opera, the next minute he was dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS was still not well understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn't know if that was airborne or to the touch,” says Meridy, “and for me, I didn't care. I was just there to help. I wasn't there to judge. I wasn't there to be afraid. And you had to put your big girl panties on for this. Being in the middle of that plague, my gut never let me down there. I always felt that I would be safe. And that Alia would be safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Alia Volz","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the AIDS epidemic killed tens of thousands of people, President Ronald Reagan refused to talk about it for years. Throughout the entire AIDS crisis, there was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-history-month-early-days-america-s-aids-crisis-n919701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chronic underfunding and a lack of government support\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco General Hospital opened the first AIDS ward in the country, and activism took many forms. People delivered meals, created hospices, supported emergency funds. Cleve Jones started the \u003ca href=\"https://aidsmemorial.org/theaidsquilt-learnmore/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAMES Project, \u003c/a>putting together a massive quilt that would appeal to mainstream America. Though it started in New York, the advocacy group ACT UP staged \u003ca href=\"https://48hills.org/2015/06/the-week-act-up-shut-sf-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highly visible protests\u003c/a> in San Francisco, too, and campaigned to get early access to experimental drugs and to make sure that when these drugs came out, they’d be affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Clowry says, “When they did come up with AZT, that was the only thing they had. Every place you went in the Castro you would hear ‘doo doo doo doo doo,’ because everybody had the little beeper with their pills in it. Every four hours they had to take their pills. Restaurants, movies, bars, you would just keep hearing: ‘doo doo doo doo doo.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became clear that AZT wasn’t effective in the long term. It extended some people’s lives for a period, but it was also highly toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were sick from the cures,” says Meridy, “and brownies were the one thing that helped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, Sticky Fingers Brownies was all about partying, making art and being subversive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The brownies became something else, when AIDS hit,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became a calling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helped with depression,” she says. “It helped with the side effects of the drugs. It helped caregivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says he would give a sick friend a small piece of a brownie, “and then we'd go out for dinner. It was great for an appetite stimulant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '90s, Dan left the Village Deli and became a nurse. He eventually helped open the AIDS unit at Mount Zion hospital, “and I ended up using that experience in my nursing because we would let people smoke marijuana out the windows of the hospital. Anything we could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810567\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1335px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1335\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg 1335w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-1020x810.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1335px) 100vw, 1335px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Wrapettes,\" preparing the brownies for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Finding a Purpose in Providing Some Relief\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Alia was 9, her parents divorced. Mother and daughter moved back to San Francisco, and Alia was deemed old enough to help bake, and sometimes she went with her mom on deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the AIDS crisis, there were a lot of home deliveries,” says Meridy. At this point she’d been delivering to Sylvester at his house for a decade. “After a while delivering at Sylvester's, I only dealt with his entourage, when he got really sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s another delivery that's really vivid in my mind,” says Alia. “There was a couple, friends of Sylvester’s, who lived in a beautiful Victorian.” She remembers the man who came to the door being so emaciated she could see every bone in his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did not know what we were walking into,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, when she entered the couple’s living room, she noticed a photograph on the mantle. “They were on a beach with their arms around each other, sand on their shoulders, and smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a bed in the middle of the room. “It took a while for me to register that what I thought was a pile of blankets on the bed was a person,” Alia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The caregiver was sick and the guy in the bed was on his last leg,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, “His caretaker who was also his partner, who was also dying, woke him up to say, ‘I’ve got those brownies and it’ll make you feel better.’ After that, when I helped my mom bake on the weekends, there was a new reason to do it. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"pop_103422","label":"Stepping Up In a Time of Need ","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/06/Ruth-Brinker-1020x574.jpg"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, first lady Nancy Reagan had started the \"Just Say No\" advertising campaign during the war on drugs. Alia sat through assemblies at school and saw PSAs on television. “Remember that egg hitting a frying pan?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy stayed under the radar. She never got caught. But other people involved with getting marijuana to people with AIDS did jail time and took the fight for medical marijuana public. One of those people was Brownie Mary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy remembers her as being kind of conservative. “She kind of looked like the church lady down the block, you know,\" Meridy says. \"You wouldn't look at her and say, ‘Criminal, right there.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, protease inhibitors came on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They started to have some medicines that seem to be — in some way — helping people live longer with it,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two years, Meridy watched cannabis clubs proliferate throughout San Francisco and realized her brownies just weren’t as necessary as they had been. She left San Francisco and has been making art full time ever since. She’s 72 now, living in Desert Hot Springs, where she paints and teaches art to teenagers and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California today, the adult use of cannabis is legal, but Meridy says she’s totally out of the game, only taking an edible occasionally when she’s at home painting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t talk about the old days that much, but since Alia just wrote a book about her mom’s life, Meridy’s starting to have to reveal her San Francisco days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says her childhood was unconventional, “But I was nurtured, I was cared for, and I was surrounded by an enormous amount of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy had that same kind of love for her friends and her community, Alia says, and that led her to do the risky work of making and selling marijuana brownies to help ease the suffering of people with AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy still finds the AIDS crisis stunning. “I look back at how many beautiful people passed. It was a dangerous time, but in this case, it wasn't a thrill out of danger. It became a sense of, ‘Well, I have a purpose here in this. There's something I could do to help a little, relieve a little pain.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alia Volz’s memoir, \"\u003ca href=\"https://aliavolz.com/\">Home Baked\u003c/a>: My Mom, Marijuana, and the Stoning of San Francisco,\" comes out on 4/20, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported by \u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">California Humanities\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11810441/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","authors":["3229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"series":["news_17045"],"categories":["news_223","news_24114","news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_21534","news_1511","news_102","news_431","news_24663"],"featImg":"news_11810556","label":"news_26731"},"news_11790482":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11790482","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11790482","score":null,"sort":[1576022933000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"lgbtq-groups-call-on-facebook-to-remove-misleading-ads-about-hiv-prevention-drugs","title":"LGBTQ Groups Call on Facebook to Remove Misleading Ads About HIV Prevention Drugs","publishDate":1576022933,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Nearly 60 LGBTQ and public health groups have signed an open letter accusing Facebook of running misleading ads about medication aimed to prevent the transmission of HIV. The ads, paid for by personal injury attorneys, claim so-called pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications like Truvada can have serious side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/12/09/facebook-ads-are-pushing-misinformation-about-hiv-prevention-drugs-lgbt-activists-say-harming-public-health/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> found one Facebook page called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/acaseforwomen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Case For Women\u003c/a>,” which ran ads last fall that said, “Truvada and other HIV prevention medications have been linked to serious bone and kidney problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foster City-based Gilead Sciences makes two HIV prevention medications, the older Truvada and the newer Descovy. Studies indicate Descovy may cause fewer side effects than Truvada, which has been shown to negatively affect kidney and bone health, because of differences in the drugs' active ingredients. But if an ad doesn't specify which drug it's referring to, or if it only mentions Truvada, it can sound like all PrEP treatments are potentially detrimental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org/blog/open-letter-facebook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">open letter\u003c/a>, 58 groups — including the Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation in South Africa and the San Francisco AIDS Foundation — argue Facebook is ignoring their concerns that these ads put “people’s lives in imminent danger” because they scare people away from medications that prevent HIV transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>This issue goes beyond misinformation, as it puts real people’s lives in imminent danger. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that when taken daily, PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV from sex or injection drug use. The CDC states: “Studies have shown that PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% when taken daily.” The World Health Organization recommends that “people at substantial risk of HIV infection should be offered PrEP as an additional prevention choice, as part of comprehensive prevention.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\"There are many, many people out there who aren’t on it that should be,\" said social psychology professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.philliphammack.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Phillip Hammack\u003c/a>, who directs the Sexual and Gender Diversity Laboratory at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11764275,news_11787003,news_11783864\" label=\"More on Facebook\"]\"We have a moral obligation to ensure that the messaging about public health is not misleading. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been an extremely effective way of addressing the spread of HIV among many populations, including gay and bisexual men,\" Hammack added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, the open letter was published on \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GLAAD's website\u003c/a>, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/202924156415780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">advises Facebook\u003c/a> on LGBT issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Facebook countered, \"We value our work with LGBTQ groups and constantly seek their input. While these ads do not violate our ad policies nor have they been rated false by third-party fact-checkers, we're always examining ways to improve and help these key groups better understand how we apply our policies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he doesn't use Facebook, long-term HIV+ patient \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjsu.edu/hsr/about/faculty/lecturers/kevinroe/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kevin Roe\u003c/a>, a lecturer at San Jose State's Department of Public Health and Recreation, said he \"fully supports anti PreP (Truvada) ads.\" After about ten years on Truvada, Roe developed \"moderate kidney disease and a large kidney stone that had to be cut out and was 95% Truvada isolates.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn't the first time Facebook's assessment of controversial advertisements put the social media giant in the crosshairs of public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has experienced a great deal of blowback following his attempts to frame the conversation as one about free speech, including at this event hosted by Georgetown University:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nP--X4GhuP4]There's no legislation that requires social media platforms ban misleading or controversial content. But Facebook can choose to carve out a particular exemption — and it has, in the case of \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2019/03/combatting-vaccine-misinformation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anti-vaccine content\u003c/a> as recently as last March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last week, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2019/12/taking-action-against-ad-fraud/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced a lawsuit\u003c/a> against advertisers that encouraged people to install malware that \"enabled the defendants to compromise people’s Facebook accounts and run deceptive ads promoting items such as counterfeit goods and diet pills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of Facebook's revenues are \u003ca href=\"https://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2019/Facebook-Reports-Third-Quarter-2019-Results/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">driven by advertising\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any kind of deterrent to this medication is not in the interest of public health,\" said UCSC's Hammack. \"That’s the delicate balance, weighing the financial interests of a few and the larger, collective good for us all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Facebook refuses to remove ads claiming PrEP is dangerous, claiming the ads have not been \"rated false by third-party fact-checkers.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1576089374,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":730},"headData":{"title":"LGBTQ Groups Call on Facebook to Remove Misleading Ads About HIV Prevention Drugs | KQED","description":"Facebook refuses to remove ads claiming PrEP is dangerous, claiming the ads have not been "rated false by third-party fact-checkers."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"LGBTQ Groups Call on Facebook to Remove Misleading Ads About HIV Prevention Drugs","datePublished":"2019-12-11T00:08:53.000Z","dateModified":"2019-12-11T18:36:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11790482 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11790482","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/10/lgbtq-groups-call-on-facebook-to-remove-misleading-ads-about-hiv-prevention-drugs/","disqusTitle":"LGBTQ Groups Call on Facebook to Remove Misleading Ads About HIV Prevention Drugs","source":"News","sourceUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/news/","audioTrackLength":87,"path":"/news/11790482/lgbtq-groups-call-on-facebook-to-remove-misleading-ads-about-hiv-prevention-drugs","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/12/MyrowFBads.mp3","audioDuration":87000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nearly 60 LGBTQ and public health groups have signed an open letter accusing Facebook of running misleading ads about medication aimed to prevent the transmission of HIV. The ads, paid for by personal injury attorneys, claim so-called pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications like Truvada can have serious side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/12/09/facebook-ads-are-pushing-misinformation-about-hiv-prevention-drugs-lgbt-activists-say-harming-public-health/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> found one Facebook page called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/acaseforwomen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Case For Women\u003c/a>,” which ran ads last fall that said, “Truvada and other HIV prevention medications have been linked to serious bone and kidney problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foster City-based Gilead Sciences makes two HIV prevention medications, the older Truvada and the newer Descovy. Studies indicate Descovy may cause fewer side effects than Truvada, which has been shown to negatively affect kidney and bone health, because of differences in the drugs' active ingredients. But if an ad doesn't specify which drug it's referring to, or if it only mentions Truvada, it can sound like all PrEP treatments are potentially detrimental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org/blog/open-letter-facebook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">open letter\u003c/a>, 58 groups — including the Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation in South Africa and the San Francisco AIDS Foundation — argue Facebook is ignoring their concerns that these ads put “people’s lives in imminent danger” because they scare people away from medications that prevent HIV transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>This issue goes beyond misinformation, as it puts real people’s lives in imminent danger. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that when taken daily, PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV from sex or injection drug use. The CDC states: “Studies have shown that PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% when taken daily.” The World Health Organization recommends that “people at substantial risk of HIV infection should be offered PrEP as an additional prevention choice, as part of comprehensive prevention.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\"There are many, many people out there who aren’t on it that should be,\" said social psychology professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.philliphammack.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Phillip Hammack\u003c/a>, who directs the Sexual and Gender Diversity Laboratory at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11764275,news_11787003,news_11783864","label":"More on Facebook "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"We have a moral obligation to ensure that the messaging about public health is not misleading. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been an extremely effective way of addressing the spread of HIV among many populations, including gay and bisexual men,\" Hammack added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, the open letter was published on \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GLAAD's website\u003c/a>, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/202924156415780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">advises Facebook\u003c/a> on LGBT issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Facebook countered, \"We value our work with LGBTQ groups and constantly seek their input. While these ads do not violate our ad policies nor have they been rated false by third-party fact-checkers, we're always examining ways to improve and help these key groups better understand how we apply our policies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he doesn't use Facebook, long-term HIV+ patient \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjsu.edu/hsr/about/faculty/lecturers/kevinroe/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kevin Roe\u003c/a>, a lecturer at San Jose State's Department of Public Health and Recreation, said he \"fully supports anti PreP (Truvada) ads.\" After about ten years on Truvada, Roe developed \"moderate kidney disease and a large kidney stone that had to be cut out and was 95% Truvada isolates.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn't the first time Facebook's assessment of controversial advertisements put the social media giant in the crosshairs of public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has experienced a great deal of blowback following his attempts to frame the conversation as one about free speech, including at this event hosted by Georgetown University:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nP--X4GhuP4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nP--X4GhuP4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>There's no legislation that requires social media platforms ban misleading or controversial content. But Facebook can choose to carve out a particular exemption — and it has, in the case of \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2019/03/combatting-vaccine-misinformation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anti-vaccine content\u003c/a> as recently as last March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last week, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2019/12/taking-action-against-ad-fraud/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced a lawsuit\u003c/a> against advertisers that encouraged people to install malware that \"enabled the defendants to compromise people’s Facebook accounts and run deceptive ads promoting items such as counterfeit goods and diet pills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of Facebook's revenues are \u003ca href=\"https://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2019/Facebook-Reports-Third-Quarter-2019-Results/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">driven by advertising\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any kind of deterrent to this medication is not in the interest of public health,\" said UCSC's Hammack. \"That’s the delicate balance, weighing the financial interests of a few and the larger, collective good for us all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11790482/lgbtq-groups-call-on-facebook-to-remove-misleading-ads-about-hiv-prevention-drugs","authors":["251"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_249","news_24771","news_1511","news_2451","news_20004","news_2011","news_26775","news_353","news_1695","news_5800"],"featImg":"news_11724773","label":"source_news_11790482"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Live-From-Here-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.livefromhere.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"american public media"},"link":"/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1167173941","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Live-from-Here-Highlights-p921744/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"}},"marketplace":{"id":"marketplace","title":"Marketplace","info":"Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/planet-money","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"}},"politicalbreakdown":{"id":"politicalbreakdown","title":"Political Breakdown","tagline":"Politics from a personal perspective","info":"Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.","airtime":"THU 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Political Breakdown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"11"},"link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"}},"pri-the-world":{"id":"pri-the-world","title":"PRI's The World: Latest Edition","info":"Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.","airtime":"MON-FRI 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world","meta":{"site":"news","source":"PRI"},"link":"/radio/program/pri-the-world","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/","rss":"http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"}},"radiolab":{"id":"radiolab","title":"Radiolab","info":"A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.","airtime":"SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/radiolab","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/","rss":"https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"}},"reveal":{"id":"reveal","title":"Reveal","info":"Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. The warmest, wittiest cocktail party - it's spirited and civil, brainy and boisterous, peppered with musical interludes. Fast paced and playful, it's the most fun you can have with language without getting your mouth washed out with soap. Our motto: It's not important to know the answers, it's important to like the answers!","airtime":"SUN 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Says-You-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.saysyouradio.com/","meta":{"site":"comedy","source":"Pipit and Finch"},"link":"/radio/program/says-you","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/says-you!/id1050199826","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Says-You-p480/","rss":"https://saysyou.libsyn.com/rss"}},"science-friday":{"id":"science-friday","title":"Science Friday","info":"Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.","airtime":"FRI 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/science-friday","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"}},"science-podcast":{"id":"science-podcast","title":"KQED Science News","tagline":"From the lab, to your ears","info":"KQED Science explores science and environment news, trends, and events from the Bay Area and beyond.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-News-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"kqed","order":"17"},"link":"/science/category/science-podcast","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqed-science-news/id214663465","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2dzLmtxZWQub3JnL3NjaWVuY2UvZmVlZC8","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed-science-news","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/feed/podcast"}},"selected-shorts":{"id":"selected-shorts","title":"Selected Shorts","info":"Spellbinding short stories by established and emerging writers take on a new life when they are performed by stars of the stage and screen.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Selected-Shorts-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/selected-shorts","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"pri"},"link":"/radio/program/selected-shorts","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=253191824&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Selected-Shorts-p31792/","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/selectedshorts"}},"snap-judgment":{"id":"snap-judgment","title":"Snap Judgment","info":"Snap Judgment (Storytelling, with a BEAT) mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic, kick-ass radio. Snap’s raw, musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. WNYC studios is the producer of leading podcasts including Radiolab, Freakonomics Radio, Note To Self, Here’s The Thing With Alec Baldwin, and more.","airtime":"SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/snapJudgement.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://snapjudgment.org","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/snap-judgment","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=283657561&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Snap-Judgment-p243817/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/snapjudgment-wnyc"}},"soldout":{"id":"soldout","title":"SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America","tagline":"A new future for housing","info":"Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/soldout","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":3},"link":"/podcasts/soldout","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america","tunein":"https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vc29sZG91dA"}},"ted-radio-hour":{"id":"ted-radio-hour","title":"TED Radio Hour","info":"The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/ted-radio-hour","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"}},"tech-nation":{"id":"tech-nation","title":"Tech Nation Radio Podcast","info":"Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.","airtime":"FRI 10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://technation.podomatic.com/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"Tech Nation Media"},"link":"/radio/program/tech-nation","subscribe":{"rss":"https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"}},"thebay":{"id":"thebay","title":"The Bay","tagline":"Local news to keep you rooted","info":"Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED The Bay","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/thebay","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"6"},"link":"/podcasts/thebay","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM4MjU5Nzg2MzI3","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"}},"californiareport":{"id":"californiareport","title":"The California Report","tagline":"California, day by day","info":"KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The California Report","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareport","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"9"},"link":"/californiareport","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1MDAyODE4NTgz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"}},"californiareportmagazine":{"id":"californiareportmagazine","title":"The California Report Magazine","tagline":"Your state, your stories","info":"Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.","airtime":"FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareportmagazine","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"10"},"link":"/californiareportmagazine","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"}},"theleap":{"id":"theleap","title":"The Leap","tagline":"What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?","info":"Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Leap","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/theleap","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"14"},"link":"/podcasts/theleap","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM0NTcwODQ2MjY2","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"}},"masters-of-scale":{"id":"masters-of-scale","title":"Masters of Scale","info":"Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.","airtime":"Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://mastersofscale.com/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WaitWhat"},"link":"/radio/program/masters-of-scale","subscribe":{"apple":"http://mastersofscale.app.link/","rss":"https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"}},"the-moth-radio-hour":{"id":"the-moth-radio-hour","title":"The Moth Radio Hour","info":"Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://themoth.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"prx"},"link":"/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/","rss":"http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"}},"the-new-yorker-radio-hour":{"id":"the-new-yorker-radio-hour","title":"The New Yorker Radio Hour","info":"The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.","airtime":"SAT 10am-11am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"}},"the-takeaway":{"id":"the-takeaway","title":"The Takeaway","info":"The Takeaway is produced in partnership with its national audience. It delivers perspective and analysis to help us better understand the day’s news. Be a part of the American conversation on-air and online.","airtime":"MON-THU 12pm-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Takeaway-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/takeaway","meta":{"site":"news","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-takeaway","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-takeaway/id363143310?mt=2","tuneIn":"http://tunein.com/radio/The-Takeaway-p150731/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/takeawaypodcast"}},"this-american-life":{"id":"this-american-life","title":"This American Life","info":"This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.","airtime":"SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wbez"},"link":"/radio/program/this-american-life","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","rss":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"}},"truthbetold":{"id":"truthbetold","title":"Truth Be Told","tagline":"Advice by and for people of color","info":"We’re the friend you call after a long day, the one who gets it. Through wisdom from some of the greatest thinkers of our time, host Tonya Mosley explores what it means to grow and thrive as a Black person in America, while discovering new ways of being that serve as a portal to more love, more healing, and more joy.","airtime":"","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Truth-Be-Told-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Truth Be Told with Tonya Mosley","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.kqed.ord/podcasts/truthbetold","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr","order":"12"},"link":"/podcasts/truthbetold","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/truth-be-told/id1462216572","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS90cnV0aC1iZS10b2xkLXBvZGNhc3QvZmVlZA","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/719210818/truth-be-told","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=398170&refid=stpr","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/587DhwTBxke6uvfwDfaV5N"}},"wait-wait-dont-tell-me":{"id":"wait-wait-dont-tell-me","title":"Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!","info":"Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.","airtime":"SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"}},"washington-week":{"id":"washington-week","title":"Washington Week","info":"For 50 years, Washington Week has been the most intelligent and up to date conversation about the most important news stories of the week. Washington Week is the longest-running news and public affairs program on PBS and features journalists -- not pundits -- lending insight and perspective to the week's important news stories.","airtime":"SAT 1:30am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/washington-week.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/washington-week","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/washington-week-audio-pbs/id83324702?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Current-Affairs/Washington-Week-p693/","rss":"http://feeds.pbs.org/pbs/weta/washingtonweek-audio"}},"weekend-edition-saturday":{"id":"weekend-edition-saturday","title":"Weekend Edition Saturday","info":"Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.","airtime":"SAT 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"},"weekend-edition-sunday":{"id":"weekend-edition-sunday","title":"Weekend Edition Sunday","info":"Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.","airtime":"SUN 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"},"world-affairs":{"id":"world-affairs","title":"World Affairs","info":"The world as we knew it is undergoing a rapid transformation…so what's next? Welcome to WorldAffairs, your guide to a changing world. We give you the context you need to navigate across borders and ideologies. Through sound-rich stories and in-depth interviews, we break down what it means to be a global citizen on a hot, crowded planet. Our hosts, Ray Suarez, Teresa Cotsirilos and Philip Yun help you make sense of an uncertain world, one story at a time.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/World-Affairs-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg ","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.worldaffairs.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"World Affairs"},"link":"/radio/program/world-affairs","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/world-affairs/id101215657?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/WorldAffairs-p1665/","rss":"https://worldaffairs.libsyn.com/rss"}},"on-shifting-ground":{"id":"on-shifting-ground","title":"On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez","info":"Geopolitical turmoil. A warming planet. Authoritarians on the rise. We live in a chaotic world that’s rapidly shifting around us. “On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez” explores international fault lines and how they impact us all. Each week, NPR veteran Ray Suarez hosts conversations with journalists, leaders and policy experts to help us read between the headlines – and give us hope for human resilience.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/12/onshiftingground-600x600-1.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://worldaffairs.org/radio-podcast/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"On Shifting Ground"},"link":"/radio/program/on-shifting-ground","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/on-shifting-ground/id101215657","rss":"https://feeds.libsyn.com/36668/rss"}},"hidden-brain":{"id":"hidden-brain","title":"Hidden Brain","info":"Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain","airtime":"SUN 7pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"NPR"},"link":"/radio/program/hidden-brain","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"}},"city-arts":{"id":"city-arts","title":"City Arts & Lectures","info":"A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.cityarts.net/","airtime":"SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am","meta":{"site":"news","source":"City Arts & Lectures"},"link":"https://www.cityarts.net","subscribe":{"tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/","rss":"https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"}},"white-lies":{"id":"white-lies","title":"White Lies","info":"In 1965, Rev. James Reeb was murdered in Selma, Alabama. Three men were tried and acquitted, but no one was ever held to account. Fifty years later, two journalists from Alabama return to the city where it happened, expose the lies that kept the murder from being solved and uncover a story about guilt and memory that says as much about America today as it does about the past.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/White-Lies-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510343/white-lies","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/white-lies","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/whitelies","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1462650519?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM0My9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/12yZ2j8vxqhc0QZyRES3ft?si=LfWYEK6URA63hueKVxRLAw","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510343/podcast.xml"}},"rightnowish":{"id":"rightnowish","title":"Rightnowish","tagline":"Art is where you find it","info":"Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/rightnowish","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"kqed","order":"5"},"link":"/podcasts/rightnowish","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"}},"jerrybrown":{"id":"jerrybrown","title":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","tagline":"Lessons from a lifetime in politics","info":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"16"},"link":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/","tuneIn":"http://tun.in/pjGcK","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9zZXJpZXMvamVycnlicm93bi9mZWVkL3BvZGNhc3Qv"}},"the-splendid-table":{"id":"the-splendid-table","title":"The Splendid Table","info":"\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.splendidtable.org/","airtime":"SUN 10-11 pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/the-splendid-table"}},"racesReducer":{"5921":{"id":"5921","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":158422,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.97,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Doris Matsui","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":89456,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tom Silva","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":48920,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Mandel","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":20046,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:00:38.194Z"},"5922":{"id":"5922","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rudy Recile","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Garamendi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5924":{"id":"5924","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":185034,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.07,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark DeSaulnier","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":121265,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katherine Piccinini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34883,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nolan Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":19459,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Sweeney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":7606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mohamed Elsherbini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1821,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:02:32.415Z"},"5926":{"id":"5926","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":153801,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.88,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lateefah Simon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":85905,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Tran","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22964,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Daysog","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17197,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Slauson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9699,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Glenn Kaplan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6785,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4243,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Abdur Sikder","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2847,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ned Nuerge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2532,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Andre Todd","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:22:36.062Z"},"5928":{"id":"5928","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":125831,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.14,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Eric Swalwell","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":83989,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Vin Kruttiventi","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":22106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alison Hayden","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11928,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luis Reynoso","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7808,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:51:36.366Z"},"5930":{"id":"5930","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":182135,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.91,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","timeUpdated":"3:04 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sam Liccardo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":38489,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Evan Low","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30249,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Simitian","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30249,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Ohtaki","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23275,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Dixon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14673,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rishi Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12377,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karl Ryan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11557,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Julie Lythcott-Haims","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11383,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ahmed Mostafa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5811,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Greg Tanaka","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joby Bernstein","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1651,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:32:05.002Z"},"5931":{"id":"5931","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":117534,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.92,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ro Khanna","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73941,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anita Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31539,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ritesh Tandon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5728,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mario Ramirez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4491,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Dehn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":1835,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T01:50:53.956Z"},"5932":{"id":"5932","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":96302,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.93,"eevp":98.83,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Zoe Lofgren","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":49323,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Peter Hernandez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31622,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Charlene Nijmeh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":10614,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Lawrence Milan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2712,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luele Kifle","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2031,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:26:02.706Z"},"5963":{"id":"5963","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":139085,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.62,"eevp":98.6,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Greer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38079,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Rogers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":27126,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rusty Hicks","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25615,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ariel Kelley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Frankie Myers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17694,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ted Williams","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9550,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Click","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1538,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-22T21:38:36.711Z"},"5972":{"id":"5972","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":99775,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lori Wilson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":50085,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dave Ennis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":26074,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Wanda Wallis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14638,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeffrey Flack","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8978,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T02:01:24.524Z"},"5973":{"id":"5973","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":143532,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:38 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Damon Connolly","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":111275,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andy Podshadley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17240,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Eryn Cervantes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15017,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:25:32.262Z"},"5975":{"id":"5975","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":106997,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.06,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Buffy Wicks","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":78678,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Margot Smith","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18251,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Utkarsh Jain","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":10068,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:30:34.539Z"},"5976":{"id":"5976","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":97144,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.98,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sonia Ledo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":30946,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anamarie Farias","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":29512,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Monica Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":24775,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karen Mitchoff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11911,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T00:19:38.858Z"},"5977":{"id":"5977","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joseph Rubay","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rebecca Bauer-Kahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5978":{"id":"5978","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":111003,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"8:25 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Haney","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":90915,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Manuel Noris-Barrera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13843,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Otto Duke","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6245,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:36:19.697Z"},"5979":{"id":"5979","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":86008,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.1,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mia Bonta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andre Sandford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":4575,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mindy Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4389,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cheyenne Kenney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T08:03:23.729Z"},"5980":{"id":"5980","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":113959,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.8,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Catherine Stefani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":64960,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":33035,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nadia Flamenco","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":8335,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Arjun Sodhani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-11T23:50:23.109Z"},"5981":{"id":"5981","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 20","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:36 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Ortega","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5982":{"id":"5982","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 21","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Gilham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Diane Papan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5984":{"id":"5984","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 23","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":116963,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.91,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Marc Berman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":67106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lydia Kou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":23699,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Gus Mattammal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13277,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Allan Marson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12881,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:13:06.280Z"},"5987":{"id":"5987","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 26","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":72753,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Patrick Ahrens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25036,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tara Sreekrishnan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19600,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sophie Song","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15954,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Omar Din","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8772,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bob Goodwyn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":2170,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ashish Garg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1221,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T21:06:29.070Z"},"5989":{"id":"5989","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 28","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Gail Pellerin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Liz Lawler","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6010":{"id":"6010","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 49","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:36 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Fong","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Long Liu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6018":{"id":"6018","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":229348,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.05,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:38 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jared Huffman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":169005,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Coulombe","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":37372,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tief Gibbs","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18437,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jolian Kangas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":3166,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Brisendine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1368,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:46:10.103Z"},"6020":{"id":"6020","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":187640,"precinctsReportPercentage":96.32,"eevp":96.36,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":118147,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Munn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":56232,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andrew Engdahl","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11202,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Niket Patwardhan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":2059,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:30:57.980Z"},"6025":{"id":"6025","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":121271,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.17,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Harder","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":60396,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Lincoln","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":36346,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John McBride","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15525,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Khalid Jafri","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:49:44.113Z"},"6031":{"id":"6031","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Anna Kramer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Mullin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6035":{"id":"6035","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":203670,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.11,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jimmy Panetta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":132540,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jason Anderson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":58120,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sean Dougherty","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Grn","voteCount":13010,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:23:46.779Z"},"6066":{"id":"6066","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jamie Gallagher","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Aaron Draper","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6067":{"id":"6067","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Cecilia Aguiar-Curry","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6087":{"id":"6087","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 24","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":66643,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alex Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45544,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Brunton","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14951,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marti Souza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6148,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T23:23:49.770Z"},"6088":{"id":"6088","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 25","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":69560,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.31,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ash Kalra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":35821,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ted Stroll","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18255,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lan Ngo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":15484,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T02:40:57.200Z"},"6092":{"id":"6092","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 29","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Robert Rivas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"J.W. Paine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6223":{"id":"6223","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 46","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:16 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lou Correa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Pan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6530":{"id":"6530","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":222193,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Thom Bogue","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":61776,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christopher Cabaldon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":59041,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rozzana Verder-Aliga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45546,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jackie Elward","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41127,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jimih Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14703,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:24:31.539Z"},"6531":{"id":"6531","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":171623,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.09,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jim Shoemaker","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":74935,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jerry McNerney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":57040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Carlos Villapudua","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":39648,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T20:07:46.382Z"},"6532":{"id":"6532","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":192446,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.72,"eevp":98.78,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jesse Arreguín","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61837,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jovanka Beckles","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34025,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dan Kalb","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28842,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Kathryn Lybarger","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28041,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sandre Swanson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22862,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeanne Solnordal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16839,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:58:11.533Z"},"6533":{"id":"6533","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tim Grayson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marisol Rubio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6534":{"id":"6534","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":228260,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.09,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Scott Wiener","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":166592,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Yvette Corkrean","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34438,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Cravens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18513,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jing Xiong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":8717,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T02:01:51.597Z"},"6535":{"id":"6535","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":227191,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.88,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Becker","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":167127,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alexander Glew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":42788,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christina Laskowski","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17276,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:56:24.964Z"},"6536":{"id":"6536","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":180231,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.81,"eevp":98.95,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dave Cortese","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":124440,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Robert Howell","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34173,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Loaiza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":21618,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T01:15:45.365Z"},"6548":{"id":"6548","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 39","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:55 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Akilah Weber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Divine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6611":{"id":"6611","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":188732,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.89,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"8:25 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Nancy Pelosi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":138285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bruce Lou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marjorie Mikels","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9363,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bianca Von Krieg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":7634,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Zeng","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6607,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Boyce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4325,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Larry Nichelson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3482,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eve Del Castello","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2751,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:31:55.445Z"},"8589":{"id":"8589","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7276537,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2299507,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2292414,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1115606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":714408,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":240723,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Bradley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":98180,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61755,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sharleta Bassett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":54422,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sarah Liew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Laura Garza ","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":34320,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Reiss","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34283,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34056,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gail Lightfoot","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":33046,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Denice Gary-Pandol","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":25494,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Macauley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23168,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Harmesh Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21522,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Peterson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21076,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Douglas Pierce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19371,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Major Singh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":16965,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"John Rose","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14577,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Perry Pound","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14134,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Raji Rab","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":13558,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mark Ruzon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":13429,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Forrest Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":13027,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stefan Simchowitz","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12717,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Martin Veprauskas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9714,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Don Grundmann","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":6582,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T05:01:46.589Z"},"8686":{"id":"8686","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":3589127,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:48 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Biden","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":3200188,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marianne Williamson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":145690,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Dean Phillips","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":99981,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Armando Perez-Serrato","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":42925,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gabriel Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41261,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"President Boddie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25373,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Lyons","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21008,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eban Cambridge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12701,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:12:27.559Z"},"8688":{"id":"8688","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":2466569,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Donald Trump","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":1953947,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nikki Haley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":430792,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ron DeSantis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":35581,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Chris Christie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":20164,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Vivek Ramaswamy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11069,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rachel Swift","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4231,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Stuckenberg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3895,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ryan Binkley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3563,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Asa Hutchinson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3327,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:13:19.766Z"},"81993":{"id":"81993","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I Unexpired Term","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7358837,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2444940,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2155146,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1269194,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":863278,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":448788,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":109421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":68070,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:31:08.186Z"},"82014":{"id":"82014","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"Proposition, 1 - Behavioral Health Services Program","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":7221972,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3624998,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3596974,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:11:06.265Z"},"timeLoaded":"April 19, 2024 12:00 PM","nationalRacesLoaded":true,"localRacesLoaded":true,"overrides":[{"id":"5921","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5922","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5924","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5926","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/congress-12th-district"},{"id":"5928","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5930","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/congress-16th-district"},{"id":"5931","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5932","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5963","raceName":"State Assembly, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5972","raceName":"State Assembly, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5973","raceName":"State Assembly, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5975","raceName":"State Assembly, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5976","raceName":"State Assembly, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/state-assembly"},{"id":"5977","raceName":"State Assembly, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5978","raceName":"State Assembly, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5979","raceName":"State Assembly, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5980","raceName":"State Assembly, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5981","raceName":"State Assembly, District 20","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5982","raceName":"State Assembly, District 21","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5984","raceName":"State Assembly, District 23","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-assembly-23rd-district"},{"id":"5987","raceName":"State Assembly, District 26","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/state-assembly-26th-district"},{"id":"5989","raceName":"State Assembly, District 28","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6010","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6018","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6020","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6025","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6031","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6035","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6067","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6087","raceName":"State Assembly, District 24","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6088","raceName":"State Assembly, District 25","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6092","raceName":"State Assembly, District 29","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6223","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6530","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-3rd-district"},{"id":"6531","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6532","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-7th-district"},{"id":"6533","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6534","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6535","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6536","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6611","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"8589","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Full Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/senator"},{"id":"8686","raceName":"California Democratic Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 496 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/president/democrat"},{"id":"8688","raceName":"California Republican Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 169 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://kqed.org/elections/results/president/republican"},{"id":"81993","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Partial/Unexpired Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election."},{"id":"82014","raceName":"Proposition 1","raceDescription":"Bond and mental health reforms. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/proposition-1"}],"AlamedaJudge5":{"id":"AlamedaJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":200601,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Terry Wiley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":200601}]},"AlamedaJudge12":{"id":"AlamedaJudge12","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":240853,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Fickes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":133009},{"candidateName":"Michael P. Johnson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107844}]},"AlamedaBoard2":{"id":"AlamedaBoard2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33580,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Lewis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6943},{"candidateName":"Angela Normand","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":26637}]},"AlamedaBoard5":{"id":"AlamedaBoard5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":26072,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Guadalupe \"Lupe\" Angulo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7521},{"candidateName":"Janevette Cole","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13338},{"candidateName":"Joe Orlando Ramos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5213}]},"AlamedaBoard6":{"id":"AlamedaBoard6","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 6","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":30864,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Guerrero","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9989},{"candidateName":"Eileen McDonald","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20875}]},"AlamedaSup1":{"id":"AlamedaSup1","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":41038,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Haubert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":41038}]},"AlamedaSup2":{"id":"AlamedaSup2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":31034,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Elisa Márquez","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":31034}]},"AlamedaSup4":{"id":"AlamedaSup4","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":57007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jennifer Esteen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22400},{"candidateName":"Nate Miley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34607}]},"AlamedaSup5":{"id":"AlamedaSup5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":81059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ben Bartlett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13518},{"candidateName":"Nikki Fortunato Bas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":27597},{"candidateName":"John J. Bauters","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":16783},{"candidateName":"Ken Berrick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7520},{"candidateName":"Omar Farmer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1240},{"candidateName":"Gregory Hodge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3419},{"candidateName":"Chris Moore","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7428},{"candidateName":"Gerald Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":305},{"candidateName":"Lorrel Plimier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3249}]},"AlamedaBoard7":{"id":"AlamedaBoard7","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Flood Control & Water Conservation District Director, Zone 7, Full Term","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":134340,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alan Burnham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15723},{"candidateName":"Sandy Figuers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22454},{"candidateName":"Laurene K. Green","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":30343},{"candidateName":"Kathy Narum","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23833},{"candidateName":"Seema Badar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7468},{"candidateName":"Catherine Brown","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34519}]},"AlamedaAuditor":{"id":"AlamedaAuditor","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Oakland Auditor","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":59227,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Houston","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59227}]},"AlamedaMeasureA":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Civil service. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282335,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":167903},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":114432}]},"AlamedaMeasureB":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Recall rules. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282683,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182200},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":100483}]},"AlamedaMeasureD":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Oakland. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":79797,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59852},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19945}]},"AlamedaMeasureE":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Alameda Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":22692,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17280},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5412}]},"AlamedaMeasureF":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"Piedmont. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":4855,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3673},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1182}]},"AlamedaMeasureG":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Albany Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":5898,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4651},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1247}]},"AlamedaMeasureH":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Berkeley Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33331,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":29418},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913}]},"AlamedaMeasureI":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Hayward Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":21929,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14151},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7778}]},"AlamedaMeasureJ":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureJ","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure J","raceDescription":"San Leandro Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":12338,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7784},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4554}]},"CCD2":{"id":"CCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":45776,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Candace Andersen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":45776}]},"CCD3":{"id":"CCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":25120,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Diane Burgis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":25120}]},"CCD5":{"id":"CCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":37045,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Barbanica","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14338},{"candidateName":"Jelani Killings","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5683},{"candidateName":"Shanelle Scales-Preston","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12993},{"candidateName":"Iztaccuauhtli Hector Gonzalez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4031}]},"CCMeasureA":{"id":"CCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Martinez. Appoint City Clerk. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":11513,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7554},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3959}]},"CCMeasureB":{"id":"CCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Antioch Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17971,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10397},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7574}]},"CCMeasureC":{"id":"CCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Martinez Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":9230,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6917},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2313}]},"CCMeasureD":{"id":"CCMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Moraga School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":6007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4052},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1955}]},"MarinD2":{"id":"MarinD2","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":18466,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Brian Colbert","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7971},{"candidateName":"Heather McPhail Sridharan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4851},{"candidateName":"Ryan O'Neil","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2647},{"candidateName":"Gabe Paulson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2997}]},"MarinD3":{"id":"MarinD3","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":13274,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Moulton-Peters","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13274}]},"MarinD4":{"id":"MarinD4","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":12986,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dennis Rodoni","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10086},{"candidateName":"Francis Drouillard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2900}]},"MarinLarkspurCC":{"id":"MarinLarkspurCC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Larkspur City Council (Short Term)","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4176,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Andre","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2514},{"candidateName":"Claire Paquette","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1008},{"candidateName":"Lana Scott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":654}]},"MarinRossCouncil":{"id":"MarinRossCouncil","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Ross Town Council","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1740,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Charles William \"Bill\" Kircher, Jr.","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":536},{"candidateName":"Mathew Salter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":502},{"candidateName":"Shadi Aboukhater","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":187},{"candidateName":"Teri Dowling","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":515}]},"MarinMeasureA":{"id":"MarinMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Tamalpais Union High School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":45345,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24376},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20969}]},"MarinMeasureB":{"id":"MarinMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":132,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":62},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":70}]},"MarinMeasureC":{"id":"MarinMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Belvedere. Appropriation limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":870,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":679},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureD":{"id":"MarinMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Larkspur. Rent stabilization. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-d","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4955,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2573},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2382}]},"MarinMeasureE":{"id":"MarinMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Ross. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":874,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":683},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureF":{"id":"MarinMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"San Anselmo. Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":5193,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3083},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2110}]},"MarinMeasureG":{"id":"MarinMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Bel Marin Keys Community Services District. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":830,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":661},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":169}]},"MarinMeasureH":{"id":"MarinMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, fire protection. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1738,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1369},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":369}]},"MarinMeasureI":{"id":"MarinMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, parks. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1735,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1336},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":399}]},"NapaD2":{"id":"NapaD2","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":8351,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Alessio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6340},{"candidateName":"Doris Gentry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2011}]},"NapaD4":{"id":"NapaD4","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":7306,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Amber Manfree","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913},{"candidateName":"Pete Mott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3393}]},"NapaD5":{"id":"NapaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":5356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mariam Aboudamous","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2379},{"candidateName":"Belia Ramos","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2977}]},"NapaMeasureD":{"id":"NapaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Howell Mountain Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":741,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":367},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":374}]},"NapaMeasureU":{"id":"NapaMeasureU","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Lake Berryessa Resort Improvement District. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":86,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":63},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23}]},"NapaMeasureU1":{"id":"NapaMeasureU1","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Yountville. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":793},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":132}]},"SFJudge1":{"id":"SFJudge1","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-1","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202960,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Begert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":124943},{"candidateName":"Chip Zecher","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":78017}]},"SFJudge13":{"id":"SFJudge13","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 13","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-13","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202386,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jean Myungjin Roland","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":90012},{"candidateName":"Patrick S. Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":112374}]},"SFPropA":{"id":"SFPropA","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition A","raceDescription":"Housing bond. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":225187,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":158497},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":66690}]},"SFPropB":{"id":"SFPropB","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition B","raceDescription":"Police staffing. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222954,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":61580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":161374}]},"SFPropC":{"id":"SFPropC","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition C","raceDescription":"Transfer tax exemption. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":220349,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":116311},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":104038}]},"SFPropD":{"id":"SFPropD","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition D","raceDescription":"Ethics laws. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222615,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":198584},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24031}]},"SFPropE":{"id":"SFPropE","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition E","raceDescription":"Police policies. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222817,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":120529},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":102288}]},"SFPropF":{"id":"SFPropF","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition F","raceDescription":"Drug screening. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-f","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":224004,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":130214},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":93790}]},"SFPropG":{"id":"SFPropG","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition G","raceDescription":"Eighth-grade algebra. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222704,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182066},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":40638}]},"SMJudge4":{"id":"SMJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":108919,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sarah Burdick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":108919}]},"SMD1":{"id":"SMD1","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":29650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jackie Speier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20353},{"candidateName":"Ann Schneider","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9297}]},"SMD4":{"id":"SMD4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22725,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Antonio Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5730},{"candidateName":"Lisa Gauthier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10358},{"candidateName":"Celeste Brevard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1268},{"candidateName":"Paul Bocanegra","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1909},{"candidateName":"Maggie Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3460}]},"SMD5":{"id":"SMD5","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":19937,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Canepa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19937}]},"SMMeasureB":{"id":"SMMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"County Service Area #1 (Highlands). Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1360},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":189}]},"SMMeasureC":{"id":"SMMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Jefferson Elementary School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":12234,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8543},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3691}]},"SMMeasureE":{"id":"SMMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Woodside Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1392,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":910},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":482}]},"SMMeasureG":{"id":"SMMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Pacifica School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":11548,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7067},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4481}]},"SMMeasureH":{"id":"SMMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"San Carlos School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":9938,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6283},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3655}]},"SCJudge5":{"id":"SCJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":301953,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jay Boyarsky","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":142549},{"candidateName":"Nicole M. Ford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":52147},{"candidateName":"Johnene Linda Stebbins","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107257}]},"SCD2":{"id":"SCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":44059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Corina Herrera-Loera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10519},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Margaret Celaya","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2394},{"candidateName":"Madison Nguyen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12794},{"candidateName":"Betty Duong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14031},{"candidateName":"Nelson McElmurry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4321}]},"SCD3":{"id":"SCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":42549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Otto Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42549}]},"SCD5":{"id":"SCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":88712,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Margaret Abe-Koga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":37172},{"candidateName":"Sally J. Lieber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":21962},{"candidateName":"Barry Chang","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6164},{"candidateName":"Peter C. Fung","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17892},{"candidateName":"Sandy Sans","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5522}]},"SCSJMayor":{"id":"SCSJMayor","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José Mayor","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":167064,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Mahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":144701},{"candidateName":"Tyrone Wade","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22363}]},"SCSJD2":{"id":"SCSJD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14131,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4950},{"candidateName":"Pamela Campos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436},{"candidateName":"Vanessa Sandoval","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2719},{"candidateName":"Babu Prasad","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3026}]},"SCSJD4":{"id":"SCSJD4","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14322,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kansen Chu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5931},{"candidateName":"David Cohen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8391}]},"SCSJD6":{"id":"SCSJD6","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":25108,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Cohen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9875},{"candidateName":"Alex Shoor","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3850},{"candidateName":"Angelo \"A.J.\" Pasciuti","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2688},{"candidateName":"Michael Mulcahy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8695}]},"SCSJD8":{"id":"SCSJD8","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 8","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":21462,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tam Truong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6982},{"candidateName":"Domingo Candelas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8466},{"candidateName":"Sukhdev Singh Bainiwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5513},{"candidateName":"Surinder Kaur Dhaliwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":501}]},"SCSJD10":{"id":"SCSJD10","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 10","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22799,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"George Casey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8805},{"candidateName":"Arjun Batra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8354},{"candidateName":"Lenka Wright","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5640}]},"SCMeasureA":{"id":"SCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed city clerk. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20315,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13735}]},"SCMeasureB":{"id":"SCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed police chief. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20567,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5680},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14887}]},"SCMeasureC":{"id":"SCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Sunnyvale School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14656,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10261},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4395}]},"SolanoD15":{"id":"SolanoD15","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Department 15","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":81709,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":36844},{"candidateName":"Bryan J. Kim","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":44865}]},"SolanoD1":{"id":"SolanoD1","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":13786,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6401},{"candidateName":"Cassandra James","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7385}]},"SolanoD2":{"id":"SolanoD2","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":19903,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Monica Brown","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10951},{"candidateName":"Nora Dizon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3135},{"candidateName":"Rochelle Sherlock","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5817}]},"SolanoD5":{"id":"SolanoD5","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17888,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mitch Mashburn","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11210},{"candidateName":"Chadwick J. Ledoux","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6678}]},"SolanoEducation":{"id":"SolanoEducation","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Sacramento County Board of Education","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":3650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Heather Davis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2960},{"candidateName":"Shazleen Khan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":690}]},"SolanoMeasureA":{"id":"SolanoMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Benicia. Hotel tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10136,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7869},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2267}]},"SolanoMeasureB":{"id":"SolanoMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Benicia. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10164,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7335},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2829}]},"SolanoMeasureC":{"id":"SolanoMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Benicia Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10112,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6316},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3796}]},"SolanoMeasureN":{"id":"SolanoMeasureN","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure N","raceDescription":"Davis Joint Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":15,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10}]},"SonomaJudge3":{"id":"SonomaJudge3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":115405,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kristine M. Burk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":79498},{"candidateName":"Beki Berrey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":35907}]},"SonomaJudge4":{"id":"SonomaJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":86789,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Paul J. Lozada","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":86789}]},"SonomaJudge6":{"id":"SonomaJudge6","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":117990,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Omar Figueroa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42236},{"candidateName":"Kenneth English","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":75754}]},"SonomaD1":{"id":"SonomaD1","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":30348,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rebecca Hermosillo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23958},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Mathieu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6390}]},"SonomaD3":{"id":"SonomaD3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/supervisor-3rd-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":16312,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Chris Coursey","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11346},{"candidateName":"Omar Medina","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4966}]},"SonomaD5":{"id":"SonomaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":23356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lynda Hopkins","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23356}]},"SonomaMeasureA":{"id":"SonomaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":13756,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10320},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436}]},"SonomaMeasureB":{"id":"SonomaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":24877,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15795},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9082}]},"SonomaMeasureC":{"id":"SonomaMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Fort Ross School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":286,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":159},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":127}]},"SonomaMeasureD":{"id":"SonomaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Harmony Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":1925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1089},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":836}]},"SonomaMeasureE":{"id":"SonomaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Petaluma City (Elementary) School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":11133,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7622},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3511}]},"SonomaMeasureG":{"id":"SonomaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Rincon Valley Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":14577,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8668},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5909}]},"SonomaMeasureH":{"id":"SonomaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Sonoma County. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/measure-h","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":145261,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":89646},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":55615}]}},"radioSchedulesReducer":{},"listsReducer":{"posts/news?tag=hiv":{"isFetching":false,"latestQuery":{"from":0,"postsToRender":9},"tag":null,"vitalsOnly":true,"totalRequested":9,"isLoading":false,"isLoadingMore":true,"total":36,"items":["news_11968984","news_11965937","news_11965263","news_11876814","news_11849549","news_11833410","news_11828008","news_11810441","news_11790482"]}},"recallGuideReducer":{"intros":{},"policy":{},"candidates":{}},"savedPostsReducer":{},"pfsSessionReducer":{},"siteSettingsReducer":{},"subscriptionsReducer":{},"termsReducer":{"about":{"name":"About","type":"terms","id":"about","slug":"about","link":"/about","taxonomy":"site"},"arts":{"name":"Arts & Culture","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"description":"KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.","type":"terms","id":"arts","slug":"arts","link":"/arts","taxonomy":"site"},"artschool":{"name":"Art School","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"artschool","slug":"artschool","link":"/artschool","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareabites":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"bayareabites","slug":"bayareabites","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareahiphop":{"name":"Bay Area Hiphop","type":"terms","id":"bayareahiphop","slug":"bayareahiphop","link":"/bayareahiphop","taxonomy":"site"},"campaign21":{"name":"Campaign 21","type":"terms","id":"campaign21","slug":"campaign21","link":"/campaign21","taxonomy":"site"},"checkplease":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"checkplease","slug":"checkplease","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"education":{"name":"Education","grouping":["education"],"type":"terms","id":"education","slug":"education","link":"/education","taxonomy":"site"},"elections":{"name":"Elections","type":"terms","id":"elections","slug":"elections","link":"/elections","taxonomy":"site"},"events":{"name":"Events","type":"terms","id":"events","slug":"events","link":"/events","taxonomy":"site"},"event":{"name":"Event","alias":"events","type":"terms","id":"event","slug":"event","link":"/event","taxonomy":"site"},"filmschoolshorts":{"name":"Film School Shorts","type":"terms","id":"filmschoolshorts","slug":"filmschoolshorts","link":"/filmschoolshorts","taxonomy":"site"},"food":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"type":"terms","id":"food","slug":"food","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"forum":{"name":"Forum","relatedContentQuery":"posts/forum?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"forum","slug":"forum","link":"/forum","taxonomy":"site"},"futureofyou":{"name":"Future of You","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"futureofyou","slug":"futureofyou","link":"/futureofyou","taxonomy":"site"},"jpepinheart":{"name":"KQED food","relatedContentQuery":"trending/food,bayareabites,checkplease","parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"jpepinheart","slug":"jpepinheart","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"liveblog":{"name":"Live Blog","type":"terms","id":"liveblog","slug":"liveblog","link":"/liveblog","taxonomy":"site"},"livetv":{"name":"Live TV","parent":"tv","type":"terms","id":"livetv","slug":"livetv","link":"/livetv","taxonomy":"site"},"lowdown":{"name":"The Lowdown","relatedContentQuery":"posts/lowdown?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"lowdown","slug":"lowdown","link":"/lowdown","taxonomy":"site"},"mindshift":{"name":"Mindshift","parent":"news","description":"MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.","type":"terms","id":"mindshift","slug":"mindshift","link":"/mindshift","taxonomy":"site"},"news":{"name":"News","grouping":["news","forum"],"type":"terms","id":"news","slug":"news","link":"/news","taxonomy":"site"},"perspectives":{"name":"Perspectives","parent":"radio","type":"terms","id":"perspectives","slug":"perspectives","link":"/perspectives","taxonomy":"site"},"podcasts":{"name":"Podcasts","type":"terms","id":"podcasts","slug":"podcasts","link":"/podcasts","taxonomy":"site"},"pop":{"name":"Pop","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"pop","slug":"pop","link":"/pop","taxonomy":"site"},"pressroom":{"name":"Pressroom","type":"terms","id":"pressroom","slug":"pressroom","link":"/pressroom","taxonomy":"site"},"quest":{"name":"Quest","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"quest","slug":"quest","link":"/quest","taxonomy":"site"},"radio":{"name":"Radio","grouping":["forum","perspectives"],"description":"Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.","type":"terms","id":"radio","slug":"radio","link":"/radio","taxonomy":"site"},"root":{"name":"KQED","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","imageWidth":1200,"imageHeight":630,"headData":{"title":"KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California","description":"KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."},"type":"terms","id":"root","slug":"root","link":"/root","taxonomy":"site"},"science":{"name":"Science","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"description":"KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.","type":"terms","id":"science","slug":"science","link":"/science","taxonomy":"site"},"stateofhealth":{"name":"State of Health","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"stateofhealth","slug":"stateofhealth","link":"/stateofhealth","taxonomy":"site"},"support":{"name":"Support","type":"terms","id":"support","slug":"support","link":"/support","taxonomy":"site"},"thedolist":{"name":"The Do List","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"thedolist","slug":"thedolist","link":"/thedolist","taxonomy":"site"},"trulyca":{"name":"Truly CA","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"trulyca","slug":"trulyca","link":"/trulyca","taxonomy":"site"},"tv":{"name":"TV","type":"terms","id":"tv","slug":"tv","link":"/tv","taxonomy":"site"},"voterguide":{"name":"Voter Guide","parent":"elections","alias":"elections","type":"terms","id":"voterguide","slug":"voterguide","link":"/voterguide","taxonomy":"site"},"news_1511":{"type":"terms","id":"news_1511","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"1511","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"HIV","slug":"hiv","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"HIV Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null,"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","width":1200,"height":630},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"}},"ttid":1523,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/hiv"},"source_news_11849549":{"type":"terms","id":"source_news_11849549","meta":{"override":true},"name":"Political Breakdown","isLoading":false},"source_news_11833410":{"type":"terms","id":"source_news_11833410","meta":{"override":true},"name":"The Bay","link":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","isLoading":false},"source_news_11790482":{"type":"terms","id":"source_news_11790482","meta":{"override":true},"name":"News","link":"http://www.kqed.org/news/","isLoading":false},"news_457":{"type":"terms","id":"news_457","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"457","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Health","slug":"health","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Health Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":16998,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/health"},"news_8":{"type":"terms","id":"news_8","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"8","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"News","slug":"news","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"News Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":8,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/news"},"news_27626":{"type":"terms","id":"news_27626","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"27626","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"featured-news","slug":"featured-news","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"featured-news Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":27643,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/featured-news"},"news_29548":{"type":"terms","id":"news_29548","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"29548","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"HIV/AIDS","slug":"hiv-aids","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"HIV/AIDS Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":29565,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/hiv-aids"},"news_19960":{"type":"terms","id":"news_19960","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"19960","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"public health","slug":"public-health","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"public health Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19977,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/public-health"},"news_38":{"type":"terms","id":"news_38","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"38","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"San Francisco","slug":"san-francisco","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"San Francisco Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":58,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/san-francisco"},"news_1510":{"type":"terms","id":"news_1510","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"1510","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"AIDS","slug":"aids","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"AIDS Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1522,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/aids"},"news_30596":{"type":"terms","id":"news_30596","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"30596","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"aids epidemic","slug":"aids-epidemic","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"aids epidemic Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":30613,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/aids-epidemic"},"news_18426":{"type":"terms","id":"news_18426","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"18426","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Bay Curious","slug":"bay-curious","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Bay Curious Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":18460,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/bay-curious"},"news_33420":{"type":"terms","id":"news_33420","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"33420","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"latino health","slug":"latino-health","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"latino health Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":33437,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/latino-health"},"news_17986":{"type":"terms","id":"news_17986","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"17986","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Bay Curious","slug":"baycurious","taxonomy":"series","description":"\u003ch2>A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003caside>\r\n\u003cdiv style=\"width: 100%; padding-right: 20px;\">\r\n\r\nKQED’s \u003cstrong>Bay Curious\u003c/strong> gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.\r\n\u003cbr />\r\n\u003cspan class=\"alignleft\">\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1172473406\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/DownloadOniTunes_100x100.png\">\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/app/playmusic?ibi=com.google.PlayMusic&isi=691797987&ius=googleplaymusic&link=https://play.google.com/music/m/Ipi2mc5aqfen4nr2daayiziiyuy?t%3DBay_Curious\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Google_Play_100x100.png\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\r\n\u003c/aside> \r\n\u003ch2>What's your question?\u003c/h2>\r\n\u003cdiv id=\"huxq6\" class=\"curiosity-module\" data-pym-src=\"//modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/curiosity_modules/133\">\u003c/div>\r\n\u003cscript src=\"//assets.wearehearken.com/production/thirdparty/p.m.js\">\u003c/script>\r\n\u003ch2>Bay Curious monthly newsletter\u003c/h2>\r\nWe're launching it soon! \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdEtzbyNbSQkRHCCAkKhoGiAl3Bd0zWxhk0ZseJ1KH_o_ZDjQ/viewform\" target=\"_blank\">Sign up\u003c/a> so you don't miss it when it drops.\r\n","featImg":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/BayCuriousLogoFinal01-e1493662037229.png","headData":{"title":"Bay Curious Archives | KQED News","description":"A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time KQED’s Bay Curious gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers. What's your question? Bay Curious monthly newsletter We're launching it soon! Sign up so you don't miss it when it drops.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":18020,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/series/baycurious"},"news_2304":{"type":"terms","id":"news_2304","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"2304","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"AIDS Memorial Quilt","slug":"aids-memorial-quilt","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"AIDS Memorial Quilt Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":2319,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/aids-memorial-quilt"},"news_31170":{"type":"terms","id":"news_31170","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"31170","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"National AIDS Memorial Grove","slug":"national-aids-memorial-grove","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"National AIDS Memorial Grove Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":31187,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/national-aids-memorial-grove"},"news_72":{"type":"terms","id":"news_72","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"72","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"The California Report","slug":"the-california-report","taxonomy":"program","description":null,"featImg":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/TCR-2-Logo-Web-Banners-03.png","headData":{"title":"The California Report Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":6969,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/program/the-california-report"},"news_26731":{"type":"terms","id":"news_26731","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"26731","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"The California Report Magazine","slug":"the-california-report-magazine","taxonomy":"program","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"The California Report Magazine Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":26748,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/program/the-california-report-magazine"},"news_21291":{"type":"terms","id":"news_21291","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"21291","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Uncategorized","slug":"uncategorized","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Uncategorized Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":21308,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/uncategorized"},"news_26233":{"type":"terms","id":"news_26233","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"26233","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"asylum seeker","slug":"asylum-seeker","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"asylum seeker Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":26250,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/asylum-seeker"},"news_28005":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28005","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28005","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"covid-19 deaths","slug":"covid-19-deaths","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"covid-19 deaths Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28022,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/covid-19-deaths"},"news_21804":{"type":"terms","id":"news_21804","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"21804","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"MeToo","slug":"metoo","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"MeToo Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":21821,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/metoo"},"news_1527":{"type":"terms","id":"news_1527","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"1527","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"sexual assault","slug":"sexual-assault","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"sexual assault Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1539,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/sexual-assault"},"news_29544":{"type":"terms","id":"news_29544","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"29544","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Transgender Law Center","slug":"transgender-law-center","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Transgender Law Center Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":29561,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/transgender-law-center"},"news_33544":{"type":"terms","id":"news_33544","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"33544","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Political Breakdown","slug":"political-breakdown","taxonomy":"program","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Political Breakdown Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":33561,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/program/political-breakdown"},"news_33520":{"type":"terms","id":"news_33520","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"33520","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Podcast","slug":"podcast","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Podcast Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":33537,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/podcast"},"news_28880":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28880","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28880","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Anthony Fauci","slug":"anthony-fauci","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Anthony Fauci Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28897,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/anthony-fauci"},"news_27350":{"type":"terms","id":"news_27350","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"27350","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"coronavirus","slug":"coronavirus","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"coronavirus Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":27367,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/coronavirus"},"news_28801":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28801","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28801","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"covid vaccines","slug":"covid-vaccines","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"covid vaccines Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28818,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/covid-vaccines"},"news_27504":{"type":"terms","id":"news_27504","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"27504","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"covid-19","slug":"covid-19","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"covid-19 Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":27521,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/covid-19"},"news_22235":{"type":"terms","id":"news_22235","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"22235","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Political Breakdown","slug":"political-breakdown","taxonomy":"tag","description":"\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11638190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/PB-for-FB-links.png\" alt=\"\" />\r\n\r\nJoin hosts\u003cstrong> Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> as they unpack the week in politics with a California perspective. Featuring interviews with reporters and other insiders involved in the craft of politics—including elected officials, candidates, pollsters, campaign managers, fundraisers, and other political players—\u003ci>Political Breakdown \u003c/i>pulls back the curtain to offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics works today.\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087?mt=2\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Listen_on_Apple_Podcasts_sRGB_US-e1515635079510.png\" />\u003c/a>","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Political Breakdown Archives | KQED News","description":"Join hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos as they unpack the week in politics with a California perspective. Featuring interviews with reporters and other insiders involved in the craft of politics—including elected officials, candidates, pollsters, campaign managers, fundraisers, and other political players—Political Breakdown pulls back the curtain to offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics works today.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":22252,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/political-breakdown"},"news_28779":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28779","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28779","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"The Bay","slug":"the-bay","taxonomy":"program","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"The Bay Area Archives | KQED","description":"The Bay is a daily news and culture program from KQED that covers the latest headlines, trends, and stories that matter to the Bay Area.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28796,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/program/the-bay"},"news_20004":{"type":"terms","id":"news_20004","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"20004","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"LGBTQ","slug":"lgbtq","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"LGBTQ Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20021,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/lgbtq"},"news_22598":{"type":"terms","id":"news_22598","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"22598","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"The Bay","slug":"the-bay","taxonomy":"tag","description":"\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11638190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/TheBay_1200x6301.png\" alt=\"\" />\r\n\u003cbr/>\r\n\r\nEvery good story starts local. So that’s where we start. \u003ci>The Bay\u003c/i> is storytelling for daily news. KQED host Devin Katayama talks with reporters to help us make sense of what’s happening in the Bay Area. One story. One conversation. One idea.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Subscribe to The Bay:\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Listen_on_Apple_Podcasts_sRGB_US-e1515635079510.png\" />\u003c/a>","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"The Bay Archives | KQED News","description":"Every good story starts local. So that’s where we start. The Bay is storytelling for daily news. KQED host Devin Katayama talks with reporters to help us make sense of what’s happening in the Bay Area. One story. One conversation. One idea. Subscribe to The Bay:","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":22615,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/the-bay"},"news_1169":{"type":"terms","id":"news_1169","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"1169","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Immigration","slug":"immigration","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Immigration Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1180,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/immigration"},"news_13":{"type":"terms","id":"news_13","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"13","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Politics and Government","slug":"politics-and-government","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Politics and Government Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":13,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/politics-and-government"},"news_356":{"type":"terms","id":"news_356","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"356","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Science","slug":"science","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Science Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":364,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/science"},"news_18538":{"type":"terms","id":"news_18538","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"18538","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"California","slug":"california","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"California Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":31,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/california"},"news_27828":{"type":"terms","id":"news_27828","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"27828","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"contact tracing","slug":"contact-tracing","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"contact tracing Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":27845,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/contact-tracing"},"news_28051":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28051","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28051","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"disease detectives","slug":"disease-detectives","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"disease detectives Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28068,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/disease-detectives"},"news_18543":{"type":"terms","id":"news_18543","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"18543","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Health","slug":"health","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Health Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":466,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/health"},"news_20202":{"type":"terms","id":"news_20202","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"20202","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"immigration","slug":"immigration","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"immigration Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20219,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/immigration"},"news_17968":{"type":"terms","id":"news_17968","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"17968","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"politics","slug":"politics","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"politics Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":18002,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/politics"},"news_28224":{"type":"terms","id":"news_28224","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"28224","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"STDs","slug":"stds","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"STDs Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":28241,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/stds"},"news_17045":{"type":"terms","id":"news_17045","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"17045","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"California Foodways","slug":"california-foodways","taxonomy":"series","description":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is a series by independent producer Lisa Morehouse. She's traveling county by county reporting on people and places at the intersection of food, culture, history and economy.\r\n\r\nFollow the series on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/californiafoodways\">Facebook\u003c/a> and Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/cafoodways\">@cafoodways.\r\n\u003c/a>\r\n\u003cem>Funded in part by \u003ca href=\"http://www.calhum.org/\">Cal Humanities\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"California Foodways Archives | KQED News","description":"California Foodways is a series by independent producer Lisa Morehouse. She's traveling county by county reporting on people and places at the intersection of food, culture, history and economy. Follow the series on Facebook and Twitter @cafoodways. Funded in part by Cal Humanities.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":17073,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/series/california-foodways"},"news_223":{"type":"terms","id":"news_223","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"223","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Arts and Culture","slug":"arts-and-culture","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Arts and Culture Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":231,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/arts-and-culture"},"news_24114":{"type":"terms","id":"news_24114","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"24114","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Food","slug":"food","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Food Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":24131,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/food"},"news_21534":{"type":"terms","id":"news_21534","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"21534","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Castro","slug":"castro","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Castro Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":21551,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/castro"},"news_102":{"type":"terms","id":"news_102","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"102","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"marijuana","slug":"marijuana","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"marijuana Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":106,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/marijuana"},"news_431":{"type":"terms","id":"news_431","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"431","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"medical marijuana","slug":"medical-marijuana","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"medical marijuana Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":440,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/medical-marijuana"},"news_24663":{"type":"terms","id":"news_24663","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"24663","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"weed","slug":"weed","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"weed Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":24680,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/weed"},"news_248":{"type":"terms","id":"news_248","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"248","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Technology","slug":"technology","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Technology Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":256,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/category/technology"},"news_249":{"type":"terms","id":"news_249","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"249","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Facebook","slug":"facebook","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Facebook Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":257,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/facebook"},"news_24771":{"type":"terms","id":"news_24771","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"24771","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Gilead","slug":"gilead","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Gilead Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":24788,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/gilead"},"news_2451":{"type":"terms","id":"news_2451","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"2451","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Instagram","slug":"instagram","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Instagram Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":2466,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/instagram"},"news_2011":{"type":"terms","id":"news_2011","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"2011","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Rachael Myrow","slug":"rachael-myrow-2","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Rachael Myrow Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":2026,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/rachael-myrow-2"},"news_26775":{"type":"terms","id":"news_26775","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"26775","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"SEG_TS","slug":"seg_ts","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"SEG_TS Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":26792,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/seg_ts"},"news_353":{"type":"terms","id":"news_353","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"353","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Silicon Valley","slug":"silicon-valley","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Silicon Valley Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":361,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/silicon-valley"},"news_1695":{"type":"terms","id":"news_1695","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"1695","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Truvada","slug":"truvada","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Truvada Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1707,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/truvada"},"news_5800":{"type":"terms","id":"news_5800","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"news","id":"5800","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Whatsapp","slug":"whatsapp","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Whatsapp Archives | KQED News","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":5824,"isLoading":false,"link":"/news/tag/whatsapp"}},"userAgentReducer":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isBot":true},"userPermissionsReducer":{"wpLoggedIn":false},"localStorageReducer":{},"browserHistoryReducer":[],"eventsReducer":{},"fssReducer":{},"tvDailyScheduleReducer":{},"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer":{},"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer":{},"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer":{},"userAccountReducer":{"routeTo":"","showDeleteConfirmModal":false,"user":{"userId":"","isFound":false,"firstName":"","lastName":"","phoneNumber":"","email":"","articles":[]}},"youthMediaReducer":{},"checkPleaseReducer":{"filterData":{},"restaurantData":[]},"reframeReducer":{"attendee":null},"location":{"pathname":"/news/tag/hiv","previousPathname":"/"}}
