Triumph or Insult? The Complicated Legacy of the Bay Area's Water Temples
The Not-So-Crystal Clean History of San Francisco's Drinking Water
Water Politics Flow Upstream
Hetch Hetchy Water’s Epic Journey, From Mountains to Tap
Judge Throws Out Lawsuit Seeking to Drain Hetch Hetchy and Restore Valley
New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy
Water Restrictions: Meaning of 'Mandatory' Depends on Where You Live
10 Percent Voluntary Water Cut for Hetch Hetchy's S.F., Peninsula Customers
San Francisco May Ban Bottled Water Sales on Public Property
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Prior to that, he launched and led the station's award-winning multimedia project, Climate Watch. Craig is also an accomplished writer/producer of television documentaries, with a focus on natural resource issues.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"voxterra","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Craig Miller | KQED","description":"Editor Emeritus, Science","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cmiller"},"danbrekke":{"type":"authors","id":"222","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"222","found":true},"name":"Dan Brekke","firstName":"Dan","lastName":"Brekke","slug":"danbrekke","email":"dbrekke@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"KQED Editor and Reporter","bio":"Dan Brekke is a reporter and editor for KQED News, responsible for coverage of topics ranging from California water issues to the Bay Area's transportation challenges. In a newsroom career that began in Chicago in 1972, Dan has worked for \u003cem>The San Francisco Examiner,\u003c/em> Wired and TechTV and has been published in The New York Times, The New York Times Magazine, Business 2.0, Salon and elsewhere.\r\n\r\nSince joining KQED in 2007, Dan has reported, edited and produced both radio and online features and breaking news pieces. He has shared as both editor and reporter in four Society of Professional Journalists Norcal Excellence in Journalism awards and one Edward R. Murrow regional award. 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You can hear her work on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/search?query=Rachael%20Myrow&page=1\">NPR\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://theworld.org/people/rachael-myrow\">The World\u003c/a>, WBUR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/search?q=Rachael%20Myrow\">\u003ci>Here & Now\u003c/i>\u003c/a> and the BBC. \u003c/i>She also guest hosts for KQED's \u003ci>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/tag/rachael-myrow\">Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/i>. Over the years, she's talked with Kamau Bell, David Byrne, Kamala Harris, Tony Kushner, Armistead Maupin, Van Dyke Parks, Arnold Schwarzenegger and Tommie Smith, among others.\r\n\r\nBefore all this, she hosted \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> for 7+ years, reporting on topics like \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/on-a-mission-to-reform-assisted-living\">assisted living facilities\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/12/01/367703789/amazon-unleashes-robot-army-to-send-your-holiday-packages-faster\">robot takeover\u003c/a> of Amazon, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/50822/in-search-of-the-chocolate-persimmon\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chocolate persimmons\u003c/a>.\r\n\r\nAwards? Sure: Peabody, Edward R. Murrow, Regional Edward R. Murrow, RTNDA, Northern California RTNDA, SPJ Northern California Chapter, LA Press Club, Golden Mic. Prior to joining KQED, Rachael worked in Los Angeles at KPCC and Marketplace. She holds degrees in English and journalism from UC Berkeley (where she got her start in public radio on KALX-FM).\r\n\r\nOutside of the studio, you'll find Rachael hiking Bay Area trails and whipping up Instagram-ready meals in her kitchen.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"rachaelmyrow","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachaelmyrow/","sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"news","roles":["edit_others_posts","editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Rachael Myrow | KQED","description":"Senior Editor of KQED's Silicon Valley News Desk","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/87bf8cb5874e045cdff430523a6d48b1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rachael-myrow"},"markfiore":{"type":"authors","id":"3236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3236","found":true},"name":"Mark Fiore","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Fiore","slug":"markfiore","email":"mark@markfiore.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED News Cartoonist","bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"},"scraig":{"type":"authors","id":"11327","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11327","found":true},"name":"Sarah Craig","firstName":"Sarah","lastName":"Craig","slug":"scraig","email":"scraig@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Sarah Craig is a freelance radio reporter and documentary photographer. She is currently working on \u003cem>Dreams of Dust\u003c/em>, @dreamsofdust, a multimedia project that documents stories of climate migration in California’s Central Valley, previously funded by the California Humanities. Her completed projects include \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.facesoffracking.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Faces of Fracking\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> an investigation into the impact of fracking on the people and places of California, and \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://sarahcraig.visura.co/gulf-disaster-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">The Gulf Disaster\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> stories on the lives of fishermen in the aftermath of the BP spill. Her work has been published by Marketplace, KQED's Bay Curious and Q'ed Up podcasts, KQED's California Report Magazine, KALW's Crosscurrents, Grist.org, High Country News, Earth Island Journal, and others. Sarah received a B.A. in Geography at Vassar College and attended the \u003ca href=\"http://www.salt.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Salt Institute of Documentary Studies\u003c/a> in Portland, ME. She recently received an Excellence in Journalism Award from the NorCal Society of Professional Journalists for her documentary radio piece, \u003ca href=\"http://kalw.org/post/215-will-water-come#stream/0\">\"Will the Water Come.\"\u003c/a> Email: scraig@kqed.org Twitter: @sarahcraigmedia Website: sarahcraigmedia.com","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97f17950c828429d3df9f2907412a50b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sarah Craig | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97f17950c828429d3df9f2907412a50b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97f17950c828429d3df9f2907412a50b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/scraig"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11972095":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11972095","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11972095","score":null,"sort":[1704970854000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sunol-pulgas-redwood-city-why-bay-area-water-temples","title":"Triumph or Insult? The Complicated Legacy of the Bay Area's Water Temples","publishDate":1704970854,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Triumph or Insult? The Complicated Legacy of the Bay Area’s Water Temples | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>View the full episode transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Redwood City, there’s a round, open-air rotunda that looks like it was plucked right out of ancient Rome. It has stone columns, an ornate dome and even a reflecting pool. It’s called the Pulgas Water Temple, and there’s another one just like it in Sunol, about 40 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Will Hoffknecht enjoys photographing unique places around the Bay Area. These classically styled temples make for some great shots, so he’s visited a few times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just trying to better understand the history of those,” Hoffknecht said. “It seems like an odd thing that there’s these multiple temples around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of these temples begins back in the 1770s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Spaniards chose the location for what’s now San Francisco, it was for strategic reasons. It was the perfect point from which to control the entrance to the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC5551699998&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But for every other reason, it was a terrible place to establish a mission,” said Mitch Postel, the president of the San Mateo County Historical Society. “The worst problem — and they realized this from the beginning — was water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There wasn’t much of it, especially once the Gold Rush started and the population of San Francisco ballooned. Drinking water had to be barged in from Marin County. Barrels of it were sold in the streets for as much as one gold dollar per bucket. That was more than most residents’ entire day’s pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972165\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972165\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple.jpg\" alt=\"A round classical-looking structure with columns and a red roof take up the entire frame\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1455\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-800x606.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-1020x773.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-1536x1164.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sunol water temple was built to mark the spot where 3 sources of water come together in Alameda County. \u003ccite>((Lindsey Moore/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the population grew, San Francisco became increasingly dependent on a private company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensfhistory.org/osfhcrucible/2020/02/\">Spring Valley Water\u003c/a>, which had bought up the freshwater sources to the south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing their precarious position, city leaders started searching for freshwater elsewhere, even asking the federal government for permission to dam the Tuolumne River at the start of the 20th century. But the Secretary of the Interior wouldn’t allow it because the dam would be inside Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But public opinion shifted after the San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/133039/dramatic-photos-of-1906-san-francisco-earthquake-aftermath\">earthquake of 1906 caused fires that destroyed much of the city\u003c/a>, partly because there wasn’t enough water to put them out. Congress responded to the pressure, and despite passionate objections from environmentalists, San Francisco built the O’Shaughnessy Dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It’s the only time Congress has allowed a dam in an already-established national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972166\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972166\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A long wall stretches across the right side holding back a huge lake with mountains rising behind.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park on May 2, 2023. This reservoir provides water to much of the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city then bought Spring Valley Water and all its infrastructure. This included not just reservoirs but also a \u003ca href=\"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/815694/pdf\">giant water temple (PDF)\u003c/a> in Sunol. It’s a replica of the ancient \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Vesta\">Temple of Vesta\u003c/a> in Tivoli, Italy, near where several aqueducts came together on their way to Rome. One of the Spring Valley owners was a fan of the classics, and he had it built in 1910 to mark where three water sources converged on their way to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Hetch Hetchy aqueduct was completed in 1934, San Francisco built a second temple at the end of it — the Pulgas Water Temple. Some 20,000 people \u003ca href=\"https://waterpowersewer.wordpress.com/2019/10/28/a-marriage-of-the-waters/\">came out to watch\u003c/a> mountain water flow through the circular Roman temple onto the peninsula for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, when you turn on your tap in San Francisco — and much of the South or East Bay — 85% of the water that comes out is from the Hetch Hetchy water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the lifeblood of 2.7 million people,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. The water temples celebrate this engineering feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Aanthony Lerma, stewardship coordinator for the Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation, has a different perspective: “That’s blood water that a lot of those people in the Bay are drinking,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the water system upstream into the Sierra Nevada, you come to its beginning — the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It was home to Native Americans for thousands of years before Europeans arrived in California. Now it’s underwater, flooded by the O’Shaughnessy Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miners that flooded into California looking for gold made their way into the Sierra Nevada, displacing or killing the Native Americans living there. The remote and enclosed Yosemite Valley became a stronghold for native Californians until a \u003ca href=\"https://www.militarymuseum.org/Mariposa1.html\">state-sponsored militia\u003c/a> burned their villages to make way for what would become the national park and, eventually, the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lerma was surprised to learn about the giant water temples on the other side of the state celebrating this history. “It seems very removed from what the real story and relationship is with the water system,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggested adding a monument that’s more representative of indigenous Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think these are times and opportunities to heal,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Eight years ago, I’m out on my bicycle on Canada Road in San Mateo.\u003ci> [Music in]\u003c/i> It’s a hot summer day, and I’m totally out of water, feeling thirsty, and starting to panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when I see a sign for “Pulgas Water Temple” next to an open gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water temple?” I think. I’ve never heard of such a thing. Is it religious? Some kind of public space? But most importantly – \u003ci>is there a water fountain there?\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inside the gate I do find some water, but also something utterly strange and surprising: A stately rotunda that looks like it was plucked right out of ancient Rome. Tall stone columns. Ornate carvings. Even an aquamarine reflecting pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What \u003ci>is\u003c/i> this place?” I wonder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out Pulgas Water Temple is something of a roadside attraction off nearby Interstate 280.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>It was just one of the things you’d see from the highway and I would go take pictures of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Bay Curious listener Will Hoffknecht of Patterson, California enjoys photography and has been drawn to take pictures of this architectural oddity over the years. He was curious enough about it initially, but then he found \u003ci>another\u003c/i> one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>Then there’s Sunol … which is the one in Sunol off the 680.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Will wrote to Bay Curious asking about our region’s two Water Temples … and his question won a public voting round at BayCurious.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>I’m just trying to better understand the history of those … It seems like an odd thing that there’s these multiple temples around … (laughter) and just why that was a choice in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>What exactly are these water temples? Who built them? And … why? Today on the show we’ll explore their grand, celebratory origins, but also how they represent something much darker. Loss, death and destruction in other parts of our state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ll get into it all right after this. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> To understand these water temples — why they’re here and what they’re for — KQED’s Katherine Monahan took a trip to the Pulgas Water Temple. We find her standing inside the room-sized structure surrounded by tall stone columns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> In the center of the temple you can look down through a hot-tub sized opening and see a stream of water running underneath. It’s just seconds away from spilling into the Crystal Springs Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>This now has a grate on top. To keep kids from diving in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Mitch Postel used to come here as a teenager in the 60’s. Now he’s the president of the San Mateo County Historical Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Did people jump in and go down the slide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Yeah. So they would they would jump in here\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Did you?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>I’m not gonna say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Carvings of lions’ heads and curling foliage decorate the top of the temple. And around its crown is an inscription in giant letters that hints at this structure’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>It says, “I will give water in the wilderness and rivers in the desert to give drink to my people.” And so that is in the Bible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Kind of grandiose, no?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Oh, yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> The story of this place starts back in the 1770s, when the Spanish first settled in what is now San Francisco. The location they chose was perfect for controlling the entrance to the Bay — and from there, the interior of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>But for every other reason, it was a terrible place to establish a mission. I mean, the sun never seemed to shine, sorry San Franciscans. The soil was very sandy. But the worst problem was and they realized this from the beginning was water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>There just wasn’t much of it. There was Mountain Lake in the Presidio, and Mission Creek. And that was enough for the few hundred people living there until . . . the Gold Rush, when the population ballooned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Drinking water had to be barged in from Marin County in barrels, the barrels were strapped to the sides of donkeys and mules and sold in the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>For how much?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>As much as a gold dollar a bucket.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>$1 a gallon-ish. Yeah. That doesn’t sound all bad.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Whoah. Think about, you know, 1850 when, you know, the average American worker was making about 75 cents a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>All right, let’s do a little math. These days, the average American uses upwards of 100 gallons of water per day — most of it for flushing the toilet and bathing. But back then, those niceties would have cost more than 100 times your income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Any thoughts about how that impacted like general hygiene?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Well, you know, I’m sure it didn’t help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>As the population grew, San Francisco became more and more dependent on a private company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensfhistory.org/osfhcrucible/2020/02/\">Spring Valley Water\u003c/a>, which had bought up the fresh water sources to the south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their prices were extreme, but San Francisco was at the tip of a peninsula, what else could they do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>It was a monopoly. And I believe by 1880, something like 20% of the city’s entire public budget was going into Spring Valley Water Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>So the city started searching for fresh water elsewhere. They asked the Federal Government for rights to the Tuolumne River, up in Yosemite National Park. But the Secretary of the Interior said no, you can’t build a dam in a national park. And that was that. Until . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sounds of shaking\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1906 . . . when a massive earthquake struck San Francisco, causing fires that the city couldn’t put out, in part because there wasn’t enough water. Much of the city was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>And so that became a big rallying cry for San Franciscans that hey, we really need to be a city that owns its own water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The federal government responded to the pressure. And over the passionate objections of environmentalists, the city built a dam over 150 miles away, in the Hetch Hetchy Valley and began work on a giant aqueduct to bring the water all the way here. It’s the only time Congress has ever allowed a dam in an already-established national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spring Valley Water Company realized its monopoly was coming to an end, so it offered to sell out to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Once they got the Hetch Hetchy, did they even really need Spring Valley?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Well, yeah, they had to have a place to put the water.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> I see. So Hetch Hetchy gives a source.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Yes.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> they build the aqueduct. But then they need storage.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Yes.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> And those are these reservoirs here in the peninsula.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> That’s correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>San Francisco bought out Spring Valley Water and all the infrastructure it owned. Which included not just reservoirs, but a \u003ca href=\"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/815694/pdf\">giant water temple (PDF)\u003c/a> in Sunol, near Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a replica of the ancient Temple of Vesta in Tivoli, Italy, which is near where several aqueducts came together on their way to Rome. One of the Spring Valley owners was a fan of the classics and he had it built in 1910, to mark where three water sources came together on their way to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Hetch Hetchy aqueduct was completed in 1934, the city held a grand event to celebrate. It built a second temple at the end of the aqueduct. And some \u003ca href=\"https://waterpowersewer.wordpress.com/2019/10/28/a-marriage-of-the-waters/\">20,000 people\u003c/a> came out to watch mountain water flow through the circular Roman temple, onto the peninsula for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>Except it was just a temporary temple, it was wood and plaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> Steven Ritchie is with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>And they celebrated it and it was a great event. And then after the event was over, they tore it down and the permanent temple was built here, which is about a quarter mile away from the edge of the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>For years, all the water from the Hetch Hetchy system passed through this temple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> So at the time that it was built, this really was like, the end of the hose.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Steven Ritchie:\u003c/b> Yes, absolutely.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> Okay,\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Steven Ritchie:\u003c/b> A really big hose.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The Hetch Hetchy system transformed San Francisco. From desperately needing water, it gained such abundance that it now supplies it to much of the south and east bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mountain water is exceptionally clear and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>It’s so pure coming off the granite in the snow melts in the Sierra, we don’t have to filter it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Ritchie takes me out to walk on the dam of the Crystal Springs Reservoir – the one the temple flows into. It holds about 20 billion gallons of water when it’s full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>So it’s come all the way across the width of California to get to this point. It flows by gravity, all the way here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The reservoir is vast and glittering. And the aqueduct that feeds it is over 150 miles long. Its builders brought supplies high into the mountains with no roads or power and tunneled through granite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>This was a grand endeavor, and is a tremendous engineering feat. This is the lifeblood of 2.7 million people here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>When you turn on your sink in San Francisco, 85% of the water that comes out is from Hetch Hetchy. And it’s delicious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, San Francisco solved its water problems, but the consequences to our east were dire for both people and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s head upstream now. Peter Drekmeier is with the Tuolumne River Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier: \u003c/b>Of all the rivers in California’s Central Valley, the salmon population is worst off in the Tuolumne River, and it happens to be San Francisco’s water source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Drekmeier says \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Chinook-Salmon/Anadromous-Assessment\">salmon numbers\u003c/a> in the river are down to about 1% of historical levels. By diverting the Tuolumne’s water through the temple, into reservoirs like Crystal Springs — and from there into our sinks and toilets — we are reducing the river’s flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier: \u003c/b>And with less flow, the water gets a lot warmer, and it actually favors non native fish like bass, which are now out competing the native fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>To try to restore the ecosystem in the Tuolumne and the delta it flows into, the California State Water Board adopted the Bay Delta Plan. It would increase flows in the river, which means the Bay Area would need to take less water from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier:\u003c/b> And \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfcityattorney.org/2021/05/28/why-i-sued-the-california-water-board/\">San Francisco immediately sued\u003c/a>. So we modeled what would happen if the Bay Delta Plan were implemented. And we found that San Francisco could easily manage it without running out of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The city disagrees, and is still fighting the plan in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the water system farther upstream into the Sierra Nevada, you come to its beginning — the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It was home to Native Americans for thousands of years. Now it’s underwater, flooded by the O’Shaughnessy Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aanthony Lerma is stewardship coordinator with the Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma:\u003c/b> Those rivers have ran red so many times throughout this history. Like, that’s blood water that a lot of those people in the Bay are drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>When the Gold Rush started San Francisco looking for new water sources, it also sent miners into the Sierra Nevada, displacing or killing the locals. Yosemite became a stronghold for native Californians, since it was remote and enclosed. Until a \u003ca href=\"https://www.militarymuseum.org/Mariposa1.html\">state-sponsored militia\u003c/a> came and burned their villages, making way for what would become a national park, and eventually a dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma:\u003c/b> The government came up here and forcefully took a lot of this land. You know a state-funded militia took most of this land and killed a lot of the people up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Lerma is surprised to learn about the giant water temples over on the other side of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma: \u003c/b>It seems very removed from what’s what the real story and relationship is with the water system, and how it’s getting there and where it’s really coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says we should think about alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma: \u003c/b>At least some type of representation even down there? They built a big ol’ like nice, Roman, Greek, whatever aqueduct thing? How about you build something that’s more representative of the California history, our indigenous history as Californians?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sound of water rushing\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Back at the Pulgas Water Temple, I lean over the opening in the center, the one kids used to jump into, the one 20,000 people came out to see … and listen to the water that we are taking from the river. The water that is both the lifeblood of a city and blood water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Water rushing sound transitions into music \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> That was KQED’s Katherine Monahan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is much, much more to learn about Hetch Hetchy and drinking water in the Bay Area. Check out our show notes for some resources on where you can learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This episode of Bay Curious was made by Katrina Schwartz, Bianca Taylor, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia-Allen Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the entire KQED Family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Thank you for listening.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sunol and Redwood City each boast a classical-looking water temple marking where water flows come together. But upriver, the story is less rosy.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706050756,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":105,"wordCount":3331},"headData":{"title":"Triumph or Insult? The Complicated Legacy of the Bay Area's Water Temples | KQED","description":"Sunol and Redwood City each boast a classical-looking water temple marking where water flows come together. But upriver, the story is less rosy.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Triumph or Insult? The Complicated Legacy of the Bay Area's Water Temples","datePublished":"2024-01-11T11:00:54.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-23T22:59:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious/","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC5551699998.mp3?updated=1704928726","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Katherine Monahan","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11972095/sunol-pulgas-redwood-city-why-bay-area-water-temples","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>View the full episode transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Redwood City, there’s a round, open-air rotunda that looks like it was plucked right out of ancient Rome. It has stone columns, an ornate dome and even a reflecting pool. It’s called the Pulgas Water Temple, and there’s another one just like it in Sunol, about 40 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Will Hoffknecht enjoys photographing unique places around the Bay Area. These classically styled temples make for some great shots, so he’s visited a few times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just trying to better understand the history of those,” Hoffknecht said. “It seems like an odd thing that there’s these multiple temples around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of these temples begins back in the 1770s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Spaniards chose the location for what’s now San Francisco, it was for strategic reasons. It was the perfect point from which to control the entrance to the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC5551699998&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But for every other reason, it was a terrible place to establish a mission,” said Mitch Postel, the president of the San Mateo County Historical Society. “The worst problem — and they realized this from the beginning — was water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There wasn’t much of it, especially once the Gold Rush started and the population of San Francisco ballooned. Drinking water had to be barged in from Marin County. Barrels of it were sold in the streets for as much as one gold dollar per bucket. That was more than most residents’ entire day’s pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972165\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972165\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple.jpg\" alt=\"A round classical-looking structure with columns and a red roof take up the entire frame\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1455\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-800x606.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-1020x773.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Sunol-water-temple-1536x1164.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sunol water temple was built to mark the spot where 3 sources of water come together in Alameda County. \u003ccite>((Lindsey Moore/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the population grew, San Francisco became increasingly dependent on a private company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensfhistory.org/osfhcrucible/2020/02/\">Spring Valley Water\u003c/a>, which had bought up the freshwater sources to the south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing their precarious position, city leaders started searching for freshwater elsewhere, even asking the federal government for permission to dam the Tuolumne River at the start of the 20th century. But the Secretary of the Interior wouldn’t allow it because the dam would be inside Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But public opinion shifted after the San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/133039/dramatic-photos-of-1906-san-francisco-earthquake-aftermath\">earthquake of 1906 caused fires that destroyed much of the city\u003c/a>, partly because there wasn’t enough water to put them out. Congress responded to the pressure, and despite passionate objections from environmentalists, San Francisco built the O’Shaughnessy Dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It’s the only time Congress has allowed a dam in an already-established national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972166\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972166\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A long wall stretches across the right side holding back a huge lake with mountains rising behind.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/HetchHetchyCentennial_05022023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park on May 2, 2023. This reservoir provides water to much of the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city then bought Spring Valley Water and all its infrastructure. This included not just reservoirs but also a \u003ca href=\"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/815694/pdf\">giant water temple (PDF)\u003c/a> in Sunol. It’s a replica of the ancient \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Vesta\">Temple of Vesta\u003c/a> in Tivoli, Italy, near where several aqueducts came together on their way to Rome. One of the Spring Valley owners was a fan of the classics, and he had it built in 1910 to mark where three water sources converged on their way to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Hetch Hetchy aqueduct was completed in 1934, San Francisco built a second temple at the end of it — the Pulgas Water Temple. Some 20,000 people \u003ca href=\"https://waterpowersewer.wordpress.com/2019/10/28/a-marriage-of-the-waters/\">came out to watch\u003c/a> mountain water flow through the circular Roman temple onto the peninsula for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, when you turn on your tap in San Francisco — and much of the South or East Bay — 85% of the water that comes out is from the Hetch Hetchy water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the lifeblood of 2.7 million people,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. The water temples celebrate this engineering feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Aanthony Lerma, stewardship coordinator for the Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation, has a different perspective: “That’s blood water that a lot of those people in the Bay are drinking,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the water system upstream into the Sierra Nevada, you come to its beginning — the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It was home to Native Americans for thousands of years before Europeans arrived in California. Now it’s underwater, flooded by the O’Shaughnessy Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miners that flooded into California looking for gold made their way into the Sierra Nevada, displacing or killing the Native Americans living there. The remote and enclosed Yosemite Valley became a stronghold for native Californians until a \u003ca href=\"https://www.militarymuseum.org/Mariposa1.html\">state-sponsored militia\u003c/a> burned their villages to make way for what would become the national park and, eventually, the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lerma was surprised to learn about the giant water temples on the other side of the state celebrating this history. “It seems very removed from what the real story and relationship is with the water system,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggested adding a monument that’s more representative of indigenous Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think these are times and opportunities to heal,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Eight years ago, I’m out on my bicycle on Canada Road in San Mateo.\u003ci> [Music in]\u003c/i> It’s a hot summer day, and I’m totally out of water, feeling thirsty, and starting to panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when I see a sign for “Pulgas Water Temple” next to an open gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water temple?” I think. I’ve never heard of such a thing. Is it religious? Some kind of public space? But most importantly – \u003ci>is there a water fountain there?\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inside the gate I do find some water, but also something utterly strange and surprising: A stately rotunda that looks like it was plucked right out of ancient Rome. Tall stone columns. Ornate carvings. Even an aquamarine reflecting pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What \u003ci>is\u003c/i> this place?” I wonder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out Pulgas Water Temple is something of a roadside attraction off nearby Interstate 280.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>It was just one of the things you’d see from the highway and I would go take pictures of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Bay Curious listener Will Hoffknecht of Patterson, California enjoys photography and has been drawn to take pictures of this architectural oddity over the years. He was curious enough about it initially, but then he found \u003ci>another\u003c/i> one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>Then there’s Sunol … which is the one in Sunol off the 680.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Will wrote to Bay Curious asking about our region’s two Water Temples … and his question won a public voting round at BayCurious.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Will Hoffknecht: \u003c/b>I’m just trying to better understand the history of those … It seems like an odd thing that there’s these multiple temples around … (laughter) and just why that was a choice in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>What exactly are these water temples? Who built them? And … why? Today on the show we’ll explore their grand, celebratory origins, but also how they represent something much darker. Loss, death and destruction in other parts of our state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ll get into it all right after this. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> To understand these water temples — why they’re here and what they’re for — KQED’s Katherine Monahan took a trip to the Pulgas Water Temple. We find her standing inside the room-sized structure surrounded by tall stone columns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> In the center of the temple you can look down through a hot-tub sized opening and see a stream of water running underneath. It’s just seconds away from spilling into the Crystal Springs Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>This now has a grate on top. To keep kids from diving in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Mitch Postel used to come here as a teenager in the 60’s. Now he’s the president of the San Mateo County Historical Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Did people jump in and go down the slide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Yeah. So they would they would jump in here\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Did you?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>I’m not gonna say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Carvings of lions’ heads and curling foliage decorate the top of the temple. And around its crown is an inscription in giant letters that hints at this structure’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>It says, “I will give water in the wilderness and rivers in the desert to give drink to my people.” And so that is in the Bible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Kind of grandiose, no?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Oh, yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> The story of this place starts back in the 1770s, when the Spanish first settled in what is now San Francisco. The location they chose was perfect for controlling the entrance to the Bay — and from there, the interior of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>But for every other reason, it was a terrible place to establish a mission. I mean, the sun never seemed to shine, sorry San Franciscans. The soil was very sandy. But the worst problem was and they realized this from the beginning was water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>There just wasn’t much of it. There was Mountain Lake in the Presidio, and Mission Creek. And that was enough for the few hundred people living there until . . . the Gold Rush, when the population ballooned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Drinking water had to be barged in from Marin County in barrels, the barrels were strapped to the sides of donkeys and mules and sold in the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>For how much?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>As much as a gold dollar a bucket.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>$1 a gallon-ish. Yeah. That doesn’t sound all bad.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Whoah. Think about, you know, 1850 when, you know, the average American worker was making about 75 cents a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>All right, let’s do a little math. These days, the average American uses upwards of 100 gallons of water per day — most of it for flushing the toilet and bathing. But back then, those niceties would have cost more than 100 times your income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Any thoughts about how that impacted like general hygiene?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>Well, you know, I’m sure it didn’t help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>As the population grew, San Francisco became more and more dependent on a private company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensfhistory.org/osfhcrucible/2020/02/\">Spring Valley Water\u003c/a>, which had bought up the fresh water sources to the south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their prices were extreme, but San Francisco was at the tip of a peninsula, what else could they do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>It was a monopoly. And I believe by 1880, something like 20% of the city’s entire public budget was going into Spring Valley Water Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>So the city started searching for fresh water elsewhere. They asked the Federal Government for rights to the Tuolumne River, up in Yosemite National Park. But the Secretary of the Interior said no, you can’t build a dam in a national park. And that was that. Until . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sounds of shaking\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1906 . . . when a massive earthquake struck San Francisco, causing fires that the city couldn’t put out, in part because there wasn’t enough water. Much of the city was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mitch Postel: \u003c/b>And so that became a big rallying cry for San Franciscans that hey, we really need to be a city that owns its own water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The federal government responded to the pressure. And over the passionate objections of environmentalists, the city built a dam over 150 miles away, in the Hetch Hetchy Valley and began work on a giant aqueduct to bring the water all the way here. It’s the only time Congress has ever allowed a dam in an already-established national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spring Valley Water Company realized its monopoly was coming to an end, so it offered to sell out to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene): \u003c/b>Once they got the Hetch Hetchy, did they even really need Spring Valley?\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Well, yeah, they had to have a place to put the water.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> I see. So Hetch Hetchy gives a source.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Yes.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> they build the aqueduct. But then they need storage.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> Yes.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> And those are these reservoirs here in the peninsula.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Mitch Postel:\u003c/b> That’s correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>San Francisco bought out Spring Valley Water and all the infrastructure it owned. Which included not just reservoirs, but a \u003ca href=\"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/815694/pdf\">giant water temple (PDF)\u003c/a> in Sunol, near Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a replica of the ancient Temple of Vesta in Tivoli, Italy, which is near where several aqueducts came together on their way to Rome. One of the Spring Valley owners was a fan of the classics and he had it built in 1910, to mark where three water sources came together on their way to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Hetch Hetchy aqueduct was completed in 1934, the city held a grand event to celebrate. It built a second temple at the end of the aqueduct. And some \u003ca href=\"https://waterpowersewer.wordpress.com/2019/10/28/a-marriage-of-the-waters/\">20,000 people\u003c/a> came out to watch mountain water flow through the circular Roman temple, onto the peninsula for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>Except it was just a temporary temple, it was wood and plaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> Steven Ritchie is with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>And they celebrated it and it was a great event. And then after the event was over, they tore it down and the permanent temple was built here, which is about a quarter mile away from the edge of the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>For years, all the water from the Hetch Hetchy system passed through this temple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> So at the time that it was built, this really was like, the end of the hose.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Steven Ritchie:\u003c/b> Yes, absolutely.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan (in scene):\u003c/b> Okay,\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Steven Ritchie:\u003c/b> A really big hose.\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The Hetch Hetchy system transformed San Francisco. From desperately needing water, it gained such abundance that it now supplies it to much of the south and east bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mountain water is exceptionally clear and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>It’s so pure coming off the granite in the snow melts in the Sierra, we don’t have to filter it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Ritchie takes me out to walk on the dam of the Crystal Springs Reservoir – the one the temple flows into. It holds about 20 billion gallons of water when it’s full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>So it’s come all the way across the width of California to get to this point. It flows by gravity, all the way here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The reservoir is vast and glittering. And the aqueduct that feeds it is over 150 miles long. Its builders brought supplies high into the mountains with no roads or power and tunneled through granite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Steven Ritchie: \u003c/b>This was a grand endeavor, and is a tremendous engineering feat. This is the lifeblood of 2.7 million people here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>When you turn on your sink in San Francisco, 85% of the water that comes out is from Hetch Hetchy. And it’s delicious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, San Francisco solved its water problems, but the consequences to our east were dire for both people and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s head upstream now. Peter Drekmeier is with the Tuolumne River Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier: \u003c/b>Of all the rivers in California’s Central Valley, the salmon population is worst off in the Tuolumne River, and it happens to be San Francisco’s water source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Drekmeier says \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Chinook-Salmon/Anadromous-Assessment\">salmon numbers\u003c/a> in the river are down to about 1% of historical levels. By diverting the Tuolumne’s water through the temple, into reservoirs like Crystal Springs — and from there into our sinks and toilets — we are reducing the river’s flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier: \u003c/b>And with less flow, the water gets a lot warmer, and it actually favors non native fish like bass, which are now out competing the native fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>To try to restore the ecosystem in the Tuolumne and the delta it flows into, the California State Water Board adopted the Bay Delta Plan. It would increase flows in the river, which means the Bay Area would need to take less water from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Peter Drekmeier:\u003c/b> And \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfcityattorney.org/2021/05/28/why-i-sued-the-california-water-board/\">San Francisco immediately sued\u003c/a>. So we modeled what would happen if the Bay Delta Plan were implemented. And we found that San Francisco could easily manage it without running out of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>The city disagrees, and is still fighting the plan in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the water system farther upstream into the Sierra Nevada, you come to its beginning — the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It was home to Native Americans for thousands of years. Now it’s underwater, flooded by the O’Shaughnessy Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aanthony Lerma is stewardship coordinator with the Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma:\u003c/b> Those rivers have ran red so many times throughout this history. Like, that’s blood water that a lot of those people in the Bay are drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>When the Gold Rush started San Francisco looking for new water sources, it also sent miners into the Sierra Nevada, displacing or killing the locals. Yosemite became a stronghold for native Californians, since it was remote and enclosed. Until a \u003ca href=\"https://www.militarymuseum.org/Mariposa1.html\">state-sponsored militia\u003c/a> came and burned their villages, making way for what would become a national park, and eventually a dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma:\u003c/b> The government came up here and forcefully took a lot of this land. You know a state-funded militia took most of this land and killed a lot of the people up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Lerma is surprised to learn about the giant water temples over on the other side of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma: \u003c/b>It seems very removed from what’s what the real story and relationship is with the water system, and how it’s getting there and where it’s really coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says we should think about alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aanthony Lerma: \u003c/b>At least some type of representation even down there? They built a big ol’ like nice, Roman, Greek, whatever aqueduct thing? How about you build something that’s more representative of the California history, our indigenous history as Californians?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sound of water rushing\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan: \u003c/b>Back at the Pulgas Water Temple, I lean over the opening in the center, the one kids used to jump into, the one 20,000 people came out to see … and listen to the water that we are taking from the river. The water that is both the lifeblood of a city and blood water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Water rushing sound transitions into music \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> That was KQED’s Katherine Monahan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is much, much more to learn about Hetch Hetchy and drinking water in the Bay Area. Check out our show notes for some resources on where you can learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This episode of Bay Curious was made by Katrina Schwartz, Bianca Taylor, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia-Allen Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the entire KQED Family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Thank you for listening.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11972095/sunol-pulgas-redwood-city-why-bay-area-water-temples","authors":["byline_news_11972095"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_28250"],"tags":["news_20447","news_29401","news_3776","news_33720","news_17867","news_33719"],"featImg":"news_11972164","label":"source_news_11972095"},"news_11747125":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11747125","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11747125","score":null,"sort":[1558000854000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2","title":"The Not-So-Crystal Clean History of San Francisco's Drinking Water","publishDate":1558000854,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Not-So-Crystal Clean History of San Francisco’s Drinking Water | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>To the west of Interstate 280 along the Peninsula south of San Francisco, there’s a long stretch of beautiful greenery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hills are carpeted with trees, a thick bank of coastal fog hugs the ridge line, and nestled in the middle sit two crystal clear lakes. It all looks so pristine, untouched even.[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s entirely man made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jackie Nuñez moved to San Mateo from Santa Barbara, she couldn’t help but notice the Crystal Springs reservoirs. Jackie studied environmental science in college, and she asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: “What’s the story behind Crystal Springs? There’s not that much information about it online, other than that it’s a man-made reservoir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s actually two reservoirs: The Upper and Lower Crystal Springs Reservoirs are two of four reservoirs in the Crystal Springs watershed that once belonged to a private monopoly built to serve San Francisco after the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may recall from history class that, after gold was found at Sutter’s Mill in early 1848, it took only a couple of years for San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">transform\u003c/a> from a sleepy dock town of a few hundred people into a city with more than 20,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this unlikely boomtown sat on a tiny spit of land surrounded by salt water on three sides, and the new denizens of San Francisco couldn’t survive on whiskey alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were quite a few freshwater creeks amid the sand dunes of early San Francisco, but nowhere near enough to satisfy the needs of 21,000 people. Clever businessmen made personal fortunes bringing water in from Marin County by barge and then sending horses and donkeys around the city dragging water barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747170\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-800x447.jpg\" alt=\"The San Francisquito Creek on the Stanford campus. Creeks like this were tempting to San Franciscans thirsty for San Mateo County's fresh water in the years after the Gold Rush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-1200x671.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisquito Creek on the Stanford campus. Creeks like this were tempting to San Franciscans thirsty for San Mateo County’s fresh water in the years after the Gold Rush. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That Marin water was expensive. During dry times, a mere bucket could cost you a gold dollar, which would be worth about $300 today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a big entrepreneurial opportunity,” said Mitch Postel, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://historysmc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County Historical Association\u003c/a>. He said it wasn’t long before a handful of speculators started looking to make money by bringing water in from south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the Peninsula was sparsely populated with a series of farms and a stagecoach road running through the middle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, the only outstanding thing that you would have found was the stagecoach stop, which became a pretty elaborate hotel for its day: the Crystal Springs Hotel,” Postel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747158\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-800x647.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"647\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-800x647.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-1020x825.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-1200x971.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The only known drawing of the Crystal Springs Hotel, from which historians believe the area around it was named. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Mateo County Historical Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A man by the name of George Ensign took in this picture postcard of a scene and realized it could become a vast watershed for San Francisco. Thus began a masterful plan to divert the region’s freshwater creeks and put much of this acreage under water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1858, Ensign joined a group of like-minded investors who pushed for a change in state law that allowed for the formation of corporations to supply cities, counties and towns with water. These \u003cem>water\u003c/em> companies were empowered to acquire lands and waters by eminent domain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years later, Ensign incorporated the Spring Valley Water Works (later changed to Company), which proceeded to buy up those farms and the hotel in San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747167\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747167\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-800x1125.jpg\" alt='From the June 25, 1881 edition of \"The Wasp,\" a political cartoon with the caption \"The modern alchemists turning water into gold.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-800x1125.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-160x225.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-1020x1434.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-853x1200.jpg 853w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-1920x2700.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold.jpg 1456w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From the June 25, 1881, edition of ‘The Wasp,’ a political cartoon skewering the fortunes being made by a select few in selling water to San Francisco.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the times they would enlist the aid of the courts when people got wise to what they were doing, and might have the land condemned at 10 cents on a dollar,” Postel said. “They weren’t above any method in order to get the land that they needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the watershed has grown to 23,000 acres, a massive protected natural space in an age when much of the San Francisco Bay Area has been paved over for housing, office spaces and freeways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the enormity of the service provided to San Francisco, the company was hated by its customers. For one thing, there was the ever-present, fetid stench of political corruption and dubious land deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a monopoly. It probably had even more latitude in what it could do than PG&E,” Postel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the water quality and service in San Francisco were said to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=WATER!_WATER!\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">awful, and expensive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As time went on, the greater Bay Area’s appetite for water continued to grow with the population, and the reservoirs of the Crystal Springs watershed were not enough. So the Spring Valley Water Company expanded into the Alameda Creek watershed on the other side of the bay, making farmers there angry, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politicians in San Francisco schemed for decades to take the company out of private hands, and they finally succeeded in 1930. That’s when the city started bringing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674188/hetch-hetchy-waters-epic-journey-from-mountains-to-tap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">water from Yosemite\u003c/a> to the Bay Area, through what is known today as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=554\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the Crystal Springs reservoirs are part of this water system, but only a small percentage of the drinking water consumed by the Bay Area today comes from San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747163\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747163\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-800x577.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-1020x736.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from “San Francisco Water” Vol. II No. 1 published in January, 1923. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Mateo County Historical Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>More Crystal Springs Questions Answered\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackie Nuñez isn’t the only person who’s asked Bay Curious about Crystal Springs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“There is a group of private homes on Upper Crystal Springs Reservoir. How was that allowed?”\u003c/strong> — Rupi Singh\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These homes could easily be considered the greatest municipal perk in the Bay Area: residences for the families of \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/the-keeper-of-the-waters/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">watershed keepers and supervisors\u003c/a>. The rent is reportedly not market rate, but they’ll tell you somebody’s got to live on the land to watch and protect it from trespassers and the like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lower Crystal Springs Reservoir Dam keeps the water from flowing to the city of San Mateo. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“With all the beautiful open space and hills around the west side of Crystal Springs Reservoir, why isn’t the area open to hiking and biking?”\u003c/strong> — Raoul Wertz\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public can enjoy the \u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/crystal-springs-regional-trail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Crystal Springs Regional Trail\u003c/a>, a 15.3-mile trail, which will eventually run 17.5 miles from San Bruno to Woodside when it’s finished. Currently, the trail serves more than 325,000 visitors annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, most of the watershed is not open to the public, especially that stretch on the western side of the water. A local group called \u003ca href=\"https://openthewatershed.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open the SF Watershed\u003c/a> has been lobbying for years to expand public access, but they haven’t been able to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10472738/hikers-bikers-press-for-more-public-trails-in-peninsula-watershed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crack the resistance\u003c/a>, which includes not just the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the watershed, but also a number of local environmental groups who would rather keep human interference on the land to a bare minimum.\u003cbr>\n[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As San Francisco's population exploded in the 1850s, speculators looked to cash in by delivering fresh drinking water to the new boomtown.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700591293,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1241},"headData":{"title":"The Not-So-Crystal Clean History of San Francisco's Drinking Water | KQED","description":"As San Francisco's population exploded in the 1850s, speculators looked to cash in by delivering fresh drinking water to the new boomtown.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The Not-So-Crystal Clean History of San Francisco's Drinking Water","datePublished":"2019-05-16T10:00:54.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T18:28:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2019/05/CrystalSpringsReservoirs.mp3","audioTrackLength":597,"path":"/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To the west of Interstate 280 along the Peninsula south of San Francisco, there’s a long stretch of beautiful greenery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hills are carpeted with trees, a thick bank of coastal fog hugs the ridge line, and nestled in the middle sit two crystal clear lakes. It all looks so pristine, untouched even.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s entirely man made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jackie Nuñez moved to San Mateo from Santa Barbara, she couldn’t help but notice the Crystal Springs reservoirs. Jackie studied environmental science in college, and she asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: “What’s the story behind Crystal Springs? There’s not that much information about it online, other than that it’s a man-made reservoir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s actually two reservoirs: The Upper and Lower Crystal Springs Reservoirs are two of four reservoirs in the Crystal Springs watershed that once belonged to a private monopoly built to serve San Francisco after the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may recall from history class that, after gold was found at Sutter’s Mill in early 1848, it took only a couple of years for San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">transform\u003c/a> from a sleepy dock town of a few hundred people into a city with more than 20,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this unlikely boomtown sat on a tiny spit of land surrounded by salt water on three sides, and the new denizens of San Francisco couldn’t survive on whiskey alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were quite a few freshwater creeks amid the sand dunes of early San Francisco, but nowhere near enough to satisfy the needs of 21,000 people. Clever businessmen made personal fortunes bringing water in from Marin County by barge and then sending horses and donkeys around the city dragging water barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747170\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-800x447.jpg\" alt=\"The San Francisquito Creek on the Stanford campus. Creeks like this were tempting to San Franciscans thirsty for San Mateo County's fresh water in the years after the Gold Rush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut-1200x671.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37099_Screen-Shot-2019-05-14-at-2.54.09-PM-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisquito Creek on the Stanford campus. Creeks like this were tempting to San Franciscans thirsty for San Mateo County’s fresh water in the years after the Gold Rush. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That Marin water was expensive. During dry times, a mere bucket could cost you a gold dollar, which would be worth about $300 today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a big entrepreneurial opportunity,” said Mitch Postel, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://historysmc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County Historical Association\u003c/a>. He said it wasn’t long before a handful of speculators started looking to make money by bringing water in from south of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the Peninsula was sparsely populated with a series of farms and a stagecoach road running through the middle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, the only outstanding thing that you would have found was the stagecoach stop, which became a pretty elaborate hotel for its day: the Crystal Springs Hotel,” Postel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747158\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-800x647.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"647\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-800x647.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-1020x825.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut-1200x971.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37105_1971-156B-001_2019mar03_010_P-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The only known drawing of the Crystal Springs Hotel, from which historians believe the area around it was named. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Mateo County Historical Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A man by the name of George Ensign took in this picture postcard of a scene and realized it could become a vast watershed for San Francisco. Thus began a masterful plan to divert the region’s freshwater creeks and put much of this acreage under water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1858, Ensign joined a group of like-minded investors who pushed for a change in state law that allowed for the formation of corporations to supply cities, counties and towns with water. These \u003cem>water\u003c/em> companies were empowered to acquire lands and waters by eminent domain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years later, Ensign incorporated the Spring Valley Water Works (later changed to Company), which proceeded to buy up those farms and the hotel in San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747167\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747167\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-800x1125.jpg\" alt='From the June 25, 1881 edition of \"The Wasp,\" a political cartoon with the caption \"The modern alchemists turning water into gold.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-800x1125.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-160x225.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-1020x1434.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-853x1200.jpg 853w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold-1920x2700.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/The_Wasp_1881-06-25_The_modern_alchemists-_turning_water_into_gold.jpg 1456w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From the June 25, 1881, edition of ‘The Wasp,’ a political cartoon skewering the fortunes being made by a select few in selling water to San Francisco.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the times they would enlist the aid of the courts when people got wise to what they were doing, and might have the land condemned at 10 cents on a dollar,” Postel said. “They weren’t above any method in order to get the land that they needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the watershed has grown to 23,000 acres, a massive protected natural space in an age when much of the San Francisco Bay Area has been paved over for housing, office spaces and freeways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the enormity of the service provided to San Francisco, the company was hated by its customers. For one thing, there was the ever-present, fetid stench of political corruption and dubious land deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a monopoly. It probably had even more latitude in what it could do than PG&E,” Postel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the water quality and service in San Francisco were said to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=WATER!_WATER!\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">awful, and expensive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As time went on, the greater Bay Area’s appetite for water continued to grow with the population, and the reservoirs of the Crystal Springs watershed were not enough. So the Spring Valley Water Company expanded into the Alameda Creek watershed on the other side of the bay, making farmers there angry, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politicians in San Francisco schemed for decades to take the company out of private hands, and they finally succeeded in 1930. That’s when the city started bringing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674188/hetch-hetchy-waters-epic-journey-from-mountains-to-tap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">water from Yosemite\u003c/a> to the Bay Area, through what is known today as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=554\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the Crystal Springs reservoirs are part of this water system, but only a small percentage of the drinking water consumed by the Bay Area today comes from San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747163\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747163\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-800x577.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2-1020x736.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37102_springvalley-lg2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from “San Francisco Water” Vol. II No. 1 published in January, 1923. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Mateo County Historical Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>More Crystal Springs Questions Answered\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackie Nuñez isn’t the only person who’s asked Bay Curious about Crystal Springs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“There is a group of private homes on Upper Crystal Springs Reservoir. How was that allowed?”\u003c/strong> — Rupi Singh\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These homes could easily be considered the greatest municipal perk in the Bay Area: residences for the families of \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/the-keeper-of-the-waters/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">watershed keepers and supervisors\u003c/a>. The rent is reportedly not market rate, but they’ll tell you somebody’s got to live on the land to watch and protect it from trespassers and the like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11747688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/CrystalSprings2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lower Crystal Springs Reservoir Dam keeps the water from flowing to the city of San Mateo. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“With all the beautiful open space and hills around the west side of Crystal Springs Reservoir, why isn’t the area open to hiking and biking?”\u003c/strong> — Raoul Wertz\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public can enjoy the \u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/crystal-springs-regional-trail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Crystal Springs Regional Trail\u003c/a>, a 15.3-mile trail, which will eventually run 17.5 miles from San Bruno to Woodside when it’s finished. Currently, the trail serves more than 325,000 visitors annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, most of the watershed is not open to the public, especially that stretch on the western side of the water. A local group called \u003ca href=\"https://openthewatershed.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open the SF Watershed\u003c/a> has been lobbying for years to expand public access, but they haven’t been able to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10472738/hikers-bikers-press-for-more-public-trails-in-peninsula-watershed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crack the resistance\u003c/a>, which includes not just the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the watershed, but also a number of local environmental groups who would rather keep human interference on the land to a bare minimum.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2","authors":["251"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_18426","news_24374","news_29401","news_18607","news_3776","news_2011","news_38","news_22817","news_551","news_3870","news_22761"],"featImg":"news_11747693","label":"source_news_11747125"},"news_11687824":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11687824","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11687824","score":null,"sort":[1534806718000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"water-politics-flow-upstream","title":"Water Politics Flow Upstream","publishDate":1534806718,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>San Francisco may not be as open to saving salmon as you would think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to jockeying over California's scarce water resources, San Francisco has\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioresfsalmon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> allied itself with conservative agricultural districts\u003c/a> in the Central Valley instead of environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the state's water officials get ready to approve a plan to reallocate water resources and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687580/fight-for-water-makes-strange-bedfellows-farmers-and-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reach farther upstream\u003c/a> from the delta, San Francisco has been pulled into the water wars like never before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartoonist's Note to anglers: The fish depicted in this cartoon is really a California Halibut, \u003cem>Paralichthys californicus.\u003c/em> \"Fluke\" is just his nickname since \u003cem>Paralichthys dentatus, \u003c/em>commonly known as fluke, is a species found in the Atlantic Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"San Francisco may not be as open to saving salmon as you would think.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1534808081,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":121},"headData":{"title":"Water Politics Flow Upstream | KQED","description":"San Francisco may not be as open to saving salmon as you would think.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Water Politics Flow Upstream","datePublished":"2018-08-20T23:11:58.000Z","dateModified":"2018-08-20T23:34:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11687824 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11687824","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/08/20/water-politics-flow-upstream/","disqusTitle":"Water Politics Flow Upstream","path":"/news/11687824/water-politics-flow-upstream","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco may not be as open to saving salmon as you would think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to jockeying over California's scarce water resources, San Francisco has\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioresfsalmon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> allied itself with conservative agricultural districts\u003c/a> in the Central Valley instead of environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the state's water officials get ready to approve a plan to reallocate water resources and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687580/fight-for-water-makes-strange-bedfellows-farmers-and-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reach farther upstream\u003c/a> from the delta, San Francisco has been pulled into the water wars like never before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartoonist's Note to anglers: The fish depicted in this cartoon is really a California Halibut, \u003cem>Paralichthys californicus.\u003c/em> \"Fluke\" is just his nickname since \u003cem>Paralichthys dentatus, \u003c/em>commonly known as fluke, is a species found in the Atlantic Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11687824/water-politics-flow-upstream","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_311","news_23987","news_21074","news_3776","news_2513","news_6653","news_3531","news_22817","news_6108","news_3870","news_483","news_6442"],"featImg":"news_11687831","label":"news_18515"},"news_11674188":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11674188","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11674188","score":null,"sort":[1531389607000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"hetch-hetchy-waters-epic-journey-from-mountains-to-tap","title":"Hetch Hetchy Water’s Epic Journey, From Mountains to Tap","publishDate":1531389607,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Hetch Hetchy Water’s Epic Journey, From Mountains to Tap | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":33523,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>If you live in San Francisco — or even certain parts of Alameda, Santa Clara and San Mateo counties — a portion of your drinking water travels over 150 miles to get to your tap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a journey that begins at the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, a source of drinking water that has a well-known and crystal-clear reputation: It’s so clear that it isn’t filtered – only treated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listeners Alex Kornblum, 8, and his dad, Heath Kornblum, were talking about their drinking water when they landed on this question:\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nHow long does it take for water to get from Hetch Hetchy to San Francisco? And how far does it travel?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674248\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11674248\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1020x470.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the Hetch Hetchy water system.\" width=\"640\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1020x470.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-160x74.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-800x369.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1200x553.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1180x544.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-960x442.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-240x111.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-375x173.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-520x240.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch.jpg 1352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the Hetch Hetchy water system. \u003ccite>((Credit: By Shannon1 via Wikimedia Commons))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The Very Beginning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It all starts high in the Sierra. So high that the water isn’t water. It’s snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The snow that we’re talking about is the snow that falls on the Tuolumne River watershed, which is 492 square miles,” says Suzanne Gautier, coordinator for citizen involvement for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That snow melts into the Tuolumne River, and three smaller creeks that empty into the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11677987 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch3-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right, Suzanne Gautier, Annie Li, Alex Kornblum and Heath Kornblum, stand in front of a map of the Hetch Hetchy system at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, California. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“On average per year, San Franciscans consume what would be equal to 1 foot of snow covering that Tuolumne River watershed,” says Gautier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put this into perspective, it takes about 5 feet of snow to fill the whole reservoir. But if we just need 1 foot — it seems like there’s plenty of backup supply, right? Not always. During the recent six-year drought, there wasn’t enough snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It must have been about 2015 or so,” says Gautier. “They were measuring the snow and it was very, very shallow when it should have been very much higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, the Public Utilities Commission started asking people to use less water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Journey Continues\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listeners Alex and Heath are standing in front of a large map of the Hetch Hetchy water system at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annie Li, a senior engineer at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, points to the yellow and brown squiggly lines on the map, revealing our water’s path from Hetch Hetchy to the Bay Area. She says the water first leaves Hetch Hetchy through the O’Shaughnessy Dam. Then it travels through a series of mountain tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, it goes through a hydroelectric dam that generates enough electricity to\u003ca href=\"https://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=207\"> power about 17 percent of San Francisco’s\u003c/a> electricity needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes keeping the lights on at San Francisco schools and powering Muni light-rail vehicles, streetcars and trolley coaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677986\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11677986\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch2-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"Annie Li explains how a portion of San Francisco's drinking water is filtered and cleaned at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant. About 85% of San Francisco's water comes from Hetch Hetchy.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annie Li, a senior engineer at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, explains how a portion of San Francisco’s drinking water is filtered and cleaned at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant. About 85 percent of San Francisco’s water comes from Hetch Hetchy. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Li says the water travels downhill the whole way (the system is entirely gravity-fed), whooshing through tunnels drilled through solid granite, and pipelines lined with concrete. Think of it as a giant underground water slide — twisting around mountains and under rivers — until it arrives at your tap. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes about three days for the water to get from over here,” Li says, pointing to Hetch Hetchy on the map, “all the way into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only three days?” remarks Alex. “I thought it would take longer than that. Like four or five days, maybe a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Additional Reading\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/07/10/court-rejects-environmentalists-lawsuit-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-reservoir/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Court rejects environmentalists’ lawsuit to drain Hetch Hetchy Reservoir (San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/thetake/article/How-Hetch-Hetchy-Valley-s-natural-beauty-was-12496800.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Hetch Hetchy Valley’s natural beauty was sacrificed to quench SF’s thirst (SF Chronicle)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOQqTP2JvDs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIDEO: Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct: Big Fixes for Big Quakes (KQED)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Z7_wf28UCs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIDEO: Hetch Hetchy: To Restore or Not (KQED)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>His dad, Heath, then asks how they figured out that number. “Did you send like some kind of a probe in the water to time it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says they use flow meters throughout the system to calculate the answer. These meters will tell you how much water is moving through what pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we do a little bit of math and you say 167 miles, moving at 3 feet per second, equals about 83 hours,” says Gautier.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘An Average Answer’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“So, 83 hours, that’s the final answer,” says Heath, processing the calculations. “It’s sort of an average answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel time fluctuates because water operators are always releasing different amounts of water, depending on how much people use every day — \u003ci>and every season.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During summertime people use more water. During wintertime, when it rains a lot, we don’t need to drink as much, or water our lawns, so we use a lot less,” says Li.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also regulate the water due to diurnal shifts in demand since water use changes throughout the day — like when most of us are taking showers or washing dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All in, water from the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir serves about 2.7 million residents and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677985\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11677985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch1-1020x690.jpg\" alt=\"Alex Kornblum looks out over the San Francisco Bay from the top of a water storage tank at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, Calif. \" width=\"640\" height=\"433\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Kornblum looks out over San Francisco Bay from the top of a water storage tank at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, California. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>But to Walk?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As Alex and Heath were getting ready to leave the treatment plant, there was still one more question they wanted answered: How long does it take to \u003cem>walk\u003c/em> the same distance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I walk 3 miles an hour,” says Gautier. “So that’s, what, 167 miles?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heath chimes in to help with the calculations. “If we say 180 [miles] that’s divisible by 3. Right? So about 60 hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were actually spot on, according to Google maps. But Suzanne had some qualms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might get there faster walking than the water would get here, but you wouldn’t be stopping for sleep,” says Gautier. “And if we were walking to Hetch Hetchy, we would be walking uphill. So that 3 miles an hour is going to be more like a mile and a half.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Take a journey with the Bay Area's drinking water -- from mountain to tap.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700596773,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1133},"headData":{"title":"Hetch Hetchy Water’s Epic Journey, From Mountains to Tap | KQED","description":"Take a journey with the Bay Area's drinking water -- from mountain to tap.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Hetch Hetchy Water’s Epic Journey, From Mountains to Tap","datePublished":"2018-07-12T10:00:07.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T19:59:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2018/07/HetchHetchy.mp3","path":"/news/11674188/hetch-hetchy-waters-epic-journey-from-mountains-to-tap","audioDuration":550000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you live in San Francisco — or even certain parts of Alameda, Santa Clara and San Mateo counties — a portion of your drinking water travels over 150 miles to get to your tap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a journey that begins at the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, a source of drinking water that has a well-known and crystal-clear reputation: It’s so clear that it isn’t filtered – only treated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listeners Alex Kornblum, 8, and his dad, Heath Kornblum, were talking about their drinking water when they landed on this question:\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nHow long does it take for water to get from Hetch Hetchy to San Francisco? And how far does it travel?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674248\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11674248\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1020x470.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the Hetch Hetchy water system.\" width=\"640\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1020x470.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-160x74.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-800x369.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1200x553.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-1180x544.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-960x442.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-240x111.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-375x173.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch-520x240.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch.jpg 1352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the Hetch Hetchy water system. \u003ccite>((Credit: By Shannon1 via Wikimedia Commons))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The Very Beginning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It all starts high in the Sierra. So high that the water isn’t water. It’s snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The snow that we’re talking about is the snow that falls on the Tuolumne River watershed, which is 492 square miles,” says Suzanne Gautier, coordinator for citizen involvement for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That snow melts into the Tuolumne River, and three smaller creeks that empty into the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11677987 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch3-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right, Suzanne Gautier, Annie Li, Alex Kornblum and Heath Kornblum, stand in front of a map of the Hetch Hetchy system at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, California. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“On average per year, San Franciscans consume what would be equal to 1 foot of snow covering that Tuolumne River watershed,” says Gautier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put this into perspective, it takes about 5 feet of snow to fill the whole reservoir. But if we just need 1 foot — it seems like there’s plenty of backup supply, right? Not always. During the recent six-year drought, there wasn’t enough snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It must have been about 2015 or so,” says Gautier. “They were measuring the snow and it was very, very shallow when it should have been very much higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, the Public Utilities Commission started asking people to use less water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Journey Continues\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listeners Alex and Heath are standing in front of a large map of the Hetch Hetchy water system at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annie Li, a senior engineer at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, points to the yellow and brown squiggly lines on the map, revealing our water’s path from Hetch Hetchy to the Bay Area. She says the water first leaves Hetch Hetchy through the O’Shaughnessy Dam. Then it travels through a series of mountain tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, it goes through a hydroelectric dam that generates enough electricity to\u003ca href=\"https://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=207\"> power about 17 percent of San Francisco’s\u003c/a> electricity needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes keeping the lights on at San Francisco schools and powering Muni light-rail vehicles, streetcars and trolley coaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677986\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11677986\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch2-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"Annie Li explains how a portion of San Francisco's drinking water is filtered and cleaned at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant. About 85% of San Francisco's water comes from Hetch Hetchy.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annie Li, a senior engineer at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, explains how a portion of San Francisco’s drinking water is filtered and cleaned at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant. About 85 percent of San Francisco’s water comes from Hetch Hetchy. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Li says the water travels downhill the whole way (the system is entirely gravity-fed), whooshing through tunnels drilled through solid granite, and pipelines lined with concrete. Think of it as a giant underground water slide — twisting around mountains and under rivers — until it arrives at your tap. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes about three days for the water to get from over here,” Li says, pointing to Hetch Hetchy on the map, “all the way into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only three days?” remarks Alex. “I thought it would take longer than that. Like four or five days, maybe a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Additional Reading\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/07/10/court-rejects-environmentalists-lawsuit-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-reservoir/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Court rejects environmentalists’ lawsuit to drain Hetch Hetchy Reservoir (San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/thetake/article/How-Hetch-Hetchy-Valley-s-natural-beauty-was-12496800.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Hetch Hetchy Valley’s natural beauty was sacrificed to quench SF’s thirst (SF Chronicle)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOQqTP2JvDs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIDEO: Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct: Big Fixes for Big Quakes (KQED)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Z7_wf28UCs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIDEO: Hetch Hetchy: To Restore or Not (KQED)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>His dad, Heath, then asks how they figured out that number. “Did you send like some kind of a probe in the water to time it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says they use flow meters throughout the system to calculate the answer. These meters will tell you how much water is moving through what pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we do a little bit of math and you say 167 miles, moving at 3 feet per second, equals about 83 hours,” says Gautier.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘An Average Answer’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“So, 83 hours, that’s the final answer,” says Heath, processing the calculations. “It’s sort of an average answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel time fluctuates because water operators are always releasing different amounts of water, depending on how much people use every day — \u003ci>and every season.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During summertime people use more water. During wintertime, when it rains a lot, we don’t need to drink as much, or water our lawns, so we use a lot less,” says Li.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also regulate the water due to diurnal shifts in demand since water use changes throughout the day — like when most of us are taking showers or washing dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All in, water from the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir serves about 2.7 million residents and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11677985\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11677985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/hetch1-1020x690.jpg\" alt=\"Alex Kornblum looks out over the San Francisco Bay from the top of a water storage tank at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, Calif. \" width=\"640\" height=\"433\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Kornblum looks out over San Francisco Bay from the top of a water storage tank at the Harry Tracy Water Treatment Plant in San Bruno, California. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>But to Walk?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As Alex and Heath were getting ready to leave the treatment plant, there was still one more question they wanted answered: How long does it take to \u003cem>walk\u003c/em> the same distance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I walk 3 miles an hour,” says Gautier. “So that’s, what, 167 miles?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heath chimes in to help with the calculations. “If we say 180 [miles] that’s divisible by 3. Right? So about 60 hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were actually spot on, according to Google maps. But Suzanne had some qualms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might get there faster walking than the water would get here, but you wouldn’t be stopping for sleep,” says Gautier. “And if we were walking to Hetch Hetchy, we would be walking uphill. So that 3 miles an hour is going to be more like a mile and a half.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11674188/hetch-hetchy-waters-epic-journey-from-mountains-to-tap","authors":["11327"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_33520","news_356"],"tags":["news_20447","news_19232","news_3776"],"featImg":"news_11677995","label":"news_33523"},"news_10940404":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10940404","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10940404","score":null,"sort":[1461886387000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"judge-throws-out-lawsuit-seeking-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-and-restore-valley","title":"Judge Throws Out Lawsuit Seeking to Drain Hetch Hetchy and Restore Valley","publishDate":1461886387,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A Tuolumne County judge has thrown out a lawsuit seeking to drain San Francisco's Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, the linchpin of a system that supplies drinking water to 2.5 million people in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a ruling delivered Thursday, Superior Court Judge Kevin Seibert sided with San Francisco officials who have objected to emptying the reservoir, situated in Yosemite National Park, and restoring the valley it now occupies. (Seibert's decision is \u003ca href=\"#hetchydecision\">embedded below\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy, the group that sued to shut down Hetch Hetchy, had argued that the dam and reservoir violate \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.const/.article_10\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a> of the California Constitution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That provision, adopted in 1928, requires \"that the water resources of the State be put to beneficial use to the fullest extent of which they are capable, and that the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of water be prevented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Seibert ruled in favor of the city of San Francisco, which argued that the Raker Act, the 1913 federal law that authorized the dam and reservoir at Hetch Hetchy, pre-empted the later requirements of state law. Seibert also found the statute of limitations governing the alleged violations of law in the case had expired. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seibert did leave the door slightly ajar for Restore Hetch Hetchy, saying that \"while this Court is unable at this juncture to see how the Petition is capable of being amended to avoid preemption or the statute of limitations,\" he would give the plaintiffs 20 days to revise the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy sponsored a 2012 ballot measure in San Francisco, Proposition F, that would have required the city to study alternatives to its current water supply system. The measure was defeated with a 77 percent no vote. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement Thursday, City Attorney Dennis Herrera said, \"Draining Hetch Hetchy Reservoir is a terrible idea that an overwhelming majority of San Francisco voters rejected. This lawsuit was a bid by the very same advocates to accomplish in a Tuolumne County Courthouse what they couldn’t in a San Francisco election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy Executive Director Spreck Rosekrans said he will appeal the ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hetch Hetchy reservoir is the main component of a system that delivers water from the Tuolumne River to San Francisco, the Peninsula and southern Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchydecision\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/310835682/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-3PGZtoOtjqJGkZVKUmyH&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7737789203084833\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_39149\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tuolumne County judge says that environmental group's argument is preempted by the 1913 federal law that allowed San Francisco to flood valley in Yosemite National Park. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1461895602,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":394},"headData":{"title":"Judge Throws Out Lawsuit Seeking to Drain Hetch Hetchy and Restore Valley | KQED","description":"Tuolumne County judge says that environmental group's argument is preempted by the 1913 federal law that allowed San Francisco to flood valley in Yosemite National Park. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Judge Throws Out Lawsuit Seeking to Drain Hetch Hetchy and Restore Valley","datePublished":"2016-04-28T23:33:07.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-29T02:06:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10940404 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10940404","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/28/judge-throws-out-lawsuit-seeking-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-and-restore-valley/","disqusTitle":"Judge Throws Out Lawsuit Seeking to Drain Hetch Hetchy and Restore Valley","path":"/news/10940404/judge-throws-out-lawsuit-seeking-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-and-restore-valley","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Tuolumne County judge has thrown out a lawsuit seeking to drain San Francisco's Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, the linchpin of a system that supplies drinking water to 2.5 million people in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a ruling delivered Thursday, Superior Court Judge Kevin Seibert sided with San Francisco officials who have objected to emptying the reservoir, situated in Yosemite National Park, and restoring the valley it now occupies. (Seibert's decision is \u003ca href=\"#hetchydecision\">embedded below\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy, the group that sued to shut down Hetch Hetchy, had argued that the dam and reservoir violate \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.const/.article_10\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a> of the California Constitution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That provision, adopted in 1928, requires \"that the water resources of the State be put to beneficial use to the fullest extent of which they are capable, and that the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of water be prevented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Seibert ruled in favor of the city of San Francisco, which argued that the Raker Act, the 1913 federal law that authorized the dam and reservoir at Hetch Hetchy, pre-empted the later requirements of state law. Seibert also found the statute of limitations governing the alleged violations of law in the case had expired. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seibert did leave the door slightly ajar for Restore Hetch Hetchy, saying that \"while this Court is unable at this juncture to see how the Petition is capable of being amended to avoid preemption or the statute of limitations,\" he would give the plaintiffs 20 days to revise the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy sponsored a 2012 ballot measure in San Francisco, Proposition F, that would have required the city to study alternatives to its current water supply system. The measure was defeated with a 77 percent no vote. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement Thursday, City Attorney Dennis Herrera said, \"Draining Hetch Hetchy Reservoir is a terrible idea that an overwhelming majority of San Francisco voters rejected. This lawsuit was a bid by the very same advocates to accomplish in a Tuolumne County Courthouse what they couldn’t in a San Francisco election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restore Hetch Hetchy Executive Director Spreck Rosekrans said he will appeal the ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hetch Hetchy reservoir is the main component of a system that delivers water from the Tuolumne River to San Francisco, the Peninsula and southern Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchydecision\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/310835682/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-3PGZtoOtjqJGkZVKUmyH&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7737789203084833\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_39149\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10940404/judge-throws-out-lawsuit-seeking-to-drain-hetch-hetchy-and-restore-valley","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_3776","news_38","news_483"],"featImg":"news_10504957","label":"news_6944"},"news_10504893":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10504893","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10504893","score":null,"sort":[1430185872000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"new-lawsuit-seeks-to-force-city-to-drain-restore-hetch-hetchy","title":"New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy","publishDate":1430185872,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Activists have launched a new round in their long-running campaign to restore Yosemite National Park's Hetch Hetchy Valley to its natural condition by draining the reservoir that serves San Francisco and most of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit filed last week in Tuolumne County (\u003ca href=\"#hetchhetchysuit\">embedded below\u003c/a>), the group Restore Hetch Hetchy renews arguments that featured prominently in a 2012 San Francisco ballot campaign -- namely, that the water supply from San Francisco's Sierra Nevada reservoir can be readily and relatively cheaply replaced by altering management of the Tuolumne River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, who have opposed studying the idea of emptying Hetch Hetchy, say the suit is \"baseless\" and that even suggesting draining the reservoir -- as the state contends with a severe drought -- is \"outrageous\" and \"crazy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that Hetch Hetchy violates a 1928 provision of the California Constitution that requires the \"beneficial and reasonable\" use of the state's water. The action points to later interpretations of the provision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which have held that \"the public interest requires that there be the greatest number of beneficial uses which the supply [of water] can yield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit says San Francisco's use of a swath of Yosemite National Park fails to do that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[The city has] eliminated or seriously impaired the beneficial uses of the Tuolumne River as the river flows through the Hetch Hetchy Valley. Respondents’ method of diverting the Tuolumne River’s waters eliminates important aesthetic, scenic, fish & wildlife habitat, fishing, recreational, and preservational beneficial uses in furtherance of water supply storage for remote cities and replaceable electric power production.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The suit also says the city's water project robs Yosemite visitors \"of the wonder that would be experienced by millions ... journeying to view Hetch Hetchy Valley's sublime landscape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit uses an approach similar to the one that Restore Hetch Hetchy employed in 2012 as part of its campaign to pass \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/San_Francisco_Hetch_Hetchy_Reservoir_Initiative,_Proposition_F_%28November_2012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition F \u003c/a>in San Francisco. The measure would have required the city to undertake a study of draining Hetch Hetchy and reconfiguring the system that delivers water from the Tuolumne watershed to the city and Peninsula. The suit asks for a court order requiring the city to \"prepare an engineering and financing plan for altering\" the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. F went down to a resounding defeat, with a 77 percent \"no vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just another attempt to grab the spotlight on an issue where we're talking about taking the water supply away for a large part of California,\" said Tyrone Jue, spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jue repeated the city's talking points in fighting the 2012 ballot measure: The Hetch Hetchy system is efficient, it delivers pure mountain water and does it inexpensively while producing clean hydroelectric power. As city officials have said for years, he added that the cost of restoring Hetch Hetchy would be prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was estimated to be between $3 billion and $10 billion in investment to remove Hetch Hetchy Reservoir and restore the valley,\" Jue said. \"And if you put that cost on each customer, that's a range of approximately $550 per year to $2,000 per year if San Franciscans were to have to pay that cost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawsuit argues that a restored Hetch Hetchy Valley would become a magnet for visitors and become an economic engine generating as much as $8.7 billion in recreational benefits to visitors and local businesses for the first half-century after restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We intend to show that the value of a restored valley is greater than the cost of restoring it,\" said Spreck Rosekrans, Restore Hetch Hetchy's executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rosekrans said the process of restoration would itself be a magnet for future visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You would have tourists going to see this marvelous place almost immediately,\" he said. \"People would come back every five years, every 10 years with their families, with their kids, and it would be a really incredible thing to watch this valley come back to life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchhetchysuit\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/263315639/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_60224\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Activists argue that water from reservoir in Yosemite National Park could be replaced at reasonable cost.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1430261697,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":685},"headData":{"title":"New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy | KQED","description":"Activists argue that water from reservoir in Yosemite National Park could be replaced at reasonable cost.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy","datePublished":"2015-04-28T01:51:12.000Z","dateModified":"2015-04-28T22:54:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10504893 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10504893","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/04/27/new-lawsuit-seeks-to-force-city-to-drain-restore-hetch-hetchy/","disqusTitle":"New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy","path":"/news/10504893/new-lawsuit-seeks-to-force-city-to-drain-restore-hetch-hetchy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Activists have launched a new round in their long-running campaign to restore Yosemite National Park's Hetch Hetchy Valley to its natural condition by draining the reservoir that serves San Francisco and most of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit filed last week in Tuolumne County (\u003ca href=\"#hetchhetchysuit\">embedded below\u003c/a>), the group Restore Hetch Hetchy renews arguments that featured prominently in a 2012 San Francisco ballot campaign -- namely, that the water supply from San Francisco's Sierra Nevada reservoir can be readily and relatively cheaply replaced by altering management of the Tuolumne River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, who have opposed studying the idea of emptying Hetch Hetchy, say the suit is \"baseless\" and that even suggesting draining the reservoir -- as the state contends with a severe drought -- is \"outrageous\" and \"crazy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that Hetch Hetchy violates a 1928 provision of the California Constitution that requires the \"beneficial and reasonable\" use of the state's water. The action points to later interpretations of the provision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which have held that \"the public interest requires that there be the greatest number of beneficial uses which the supply [of water] can yield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit says San Francisco's use of a swath of Yosemite National Park fails to do that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[The city has] eliminated or seriously impaired the beneficial uses of the Tuolumne River as the river flows through the Hetch Hetchy Valley. Respondents’ method of diverting the Tuolumne River’s waters eliminates important aesthetic, scenic, fish & wildlife habitat, fishing, recreational, and preservational beneficial uses in furtherance of water supply storage for remote cities and replaceable electric power production.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The suit also says the city's water project robs Yosemite visitors \"of the wonder that would be experienced by millions ... journeying to view Hetch Hetchy Valley's sublime landscape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit uses an approach similar to the one that Restore Hetch Hetchy employed in 2012 as part of its campaign to pass \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/San_Francisco_Hetch_Hetchy_Reservoir_Initiative,_Proposition_F_%28November_2012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition F \u003c/a>in San Francisco. The measure would have required the city to undertake a study of draining Hetch Hetchy and reconfiguring the system that delivers water from the Tuolumne watershed to the city and Peninsula. The suit asks for a court order requiring the city to \"prepare an engineering and financing plan for altering\" the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. F went down to a resounding defeat, with a 77 percent \"no vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just another attempt to grab the spotlight on an issue where we're talking about taking the water supply away for a large part of California,\" said Tyrone Jue, spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jue repeated the city's talking points in fighting the 2012 ballot measure: The Hetch Hetchy system is efficient, it delivers pure mountain water and does it inexpensively while producing clean hydroelectric power. As city officials have said for years, he added that the cost of restoring Hetch Hetchy would be prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was estimated to be between $3 billion and $10 billion in investment to remove Hetch Hetchy Reservoir and restore the valley,\" Jue said. \"And if you put that cost on each customer, that's a range of approximately $550 per year to $2,000 per year if San Franciscans were to have to pay that cost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawsuit argues that a restored Hetch Hetchy Valley would become a magnet for visitors and become an economic engine generating as much as $8.7 billion in recreational benefits to visitors and local businesses for the first half-century after restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We intend to show that the value of a restored valley is greater than the cost of restoring it,\" said Spreck Rosekrans, Restore Hetch Hetchy's executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rosekrans said the process of restoration would itself be a magnet for future visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You would have tourists going to see this marvelous place almost immediately,\" he said. \"People would come back every five years, every 10 years with their families, with their kids, and it would be a really incredible thing to watch this valley come back to life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchhetchysuit\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/263315639/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_60224\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10504893/new-lawsuit-seeks-to-force-city-to-drain-restore-hetch-hetchy","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_3776","news_483","news_4746"],"featImg":"news_10504957","label":"news_6944"},"science_20515":{"type":"posts","id":"science_20515","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"20515","score":null,"sort":[1407894805000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"water-restrictions-meaning-of-mandatory-depends-on-where-you-live","title":"Water Restrictions: Meaning of 'Mandatory' Depends on Where You Live","publishDate":1407894805,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Water Restrictions: Meaning of ‘Mandatory’ Depends on Where You Live | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1151,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/crop_1945.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-20533\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/crop_1945.jpg\" alt=\"Water agencies say they're cracking down on outside watering -- but enforcement is murky. (Craig Miller)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water agencies say they’re cracking down on outside watering — but enforcement is murky. (Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the Bay Area’s highest-profile water agencies enacted their versions of “mandatory” water restrictions on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customers of the \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - main\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> are facing an edict to cut outdoor water use by 10 percent. But as a practical matter, the order applies mainly to the Commission’s 1,600 customers with separate metered water accounts for landscape irrigation — golf courses, parks and the like. Those customers who fail to comply could see their water rates doubled. SFPUC General Manager Harlan Kelly called it, “a small, but important step.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s water cops \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - 311\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=130\">will rely on whistleblowers\u003c/a> for broader enforcement. Customers with three \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - water violations\" href=\"http://sf311.org/index.aspx?page=811\">reported violations\u003c/a> could be fined $100 per day, but in general, SFPUC “will be focusing on education and training, not policing and fining,” according to a Commission news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Tyrone Jue says that after a slow start, SFPUC customers (in San Francisco and three other Bay Area counties) have tripled their water savings since late June and are on track to attain an overall 10 percent reduction benchmark by Labor Day. The latest restrictions don’t take effect until mid-September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re more of the carrot versus a stick type of agency.’\u003ccite>Andrea Pook, EBMUD\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile the 1.3 million customers of the East Bay Municipal Utilities District have \u003ca title=\"EBMUD - restrix\" href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/about/news/releases/2014/08/12/mandatory-outdoor-watering-restrictions-effect-for-ebmud-residents-an\">their own new set of mandatory water restrictions\u003c/a>. Actually they’re the same voluntary rules that the District already had in place, but are now deemed mandatory under its newly declared “water shortage emergency.” But officials at EBMUD don’t plan to impose fines on water wasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re more of the carrot versus a stick type of agency,” says EBMUD spokeswoman Andrea Pook. She says residents are encouraged to call the District and report wasteful watering when they see it. On average, EBMUD customers use 40 percent of their water outdoors. When customers are fingered for profligate watering, Pook says her agency’s approach is to, “talk with the people first,” followed by a letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly we do have the right to put a flow restrictor on or even shut someone’s water off if they are a flagrant water abuser.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pook says EBMUD customers as a group have already surpassed the 10 percent savings goal that the District has asked for previously and for now, that’s enough. Pook says that EBMUD water supplies are in better shape than many, so from her agency’s standpoint, “We’re not looking at Year 4 of drought, we are in Year 1 of drought. We feel like we’re doing our homework to plan ahead, but you never know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay MUD’s mandatory water rules echo the recently issued state guidelines:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Limit watering of outdoor landscapes to two times per week maximum.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Prevent excess runoff when watering their landscapes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use only hoses with shutoff nozzles to wash vehicles.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use a broom or air blower, not water, to clean hard surfaces such as driveways and sidewalks, except as needed for health and safety purposes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turn off any fountain or decorative water feature unless the water is recirculated.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/163193810&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Enforcement strategies are all over the map, literally and figuratively.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704933145,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":571},"headData":{"title":"Water Restrictions: Meaning of 'Mandatory' Depends on Where You Live | KQED","description":"Enforcement strategies are all over the map, literally and figuratively.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Water Restrictions: Meaning of 'Mandatory' Depends on Where You Live","datePublished":"2014-08-13T01:53:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:32:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/20515/water-restrictions-meaning-of-mandatory-depends-on-where-you-live","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/crop_1945.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-20533\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/crop_1945.jpg\" alt=\"Water agencies say they're cracking down on outside watering -- but enforcement is murky. (Craig Miller)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water agencies say they’re cracking down on outside watering — but enforcement is murky. (Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the Bay Area’s highest-profile water agencies enacted their versions of “mandatory” water restrictions on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customers of the \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - main\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> are facing an edict to cut outdoor water use by 10 percent. But as a practical matter, the order applies mainly to the Commission’s 1,600 customers with separate metered water accounts for landscape irrigation — golf courses, parks and the like. Those customers who fail to comply could see their water rates doubled. SFPUC General Manager Harlan Kelly called it, “a small, but important step.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s water cops \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - 311\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=130\">will rely on whistleblowers\u003c/a> for broader enforcement. Customers with three \u003ca title=\"SFPUC - water violations\" href=\"http://sf311.org/index.aspx?page=811\">reported violations\u003c/a> could be fined $100 per day, but in general, SFPUC “will be focusing on education and training, not policing and fining,” according to a Commission news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Tyrone Jue says that after a slow start, SFPUC customers (in San Francisco and three other Bay Area counties) have tripled their water savings since late June and are on track to attain an overall 10 percent reduction benchmark by Labor Day. The latest restrictions don’t take effect until mid-September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re more of the carrot versus a stick type of agency.’\u003ccite>Andrea Pook, EBMUD\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile the 1.3 million customers of the East Bay Municipal Utilities District have \u003ca title=\"EBMUD - restrix\" href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/about/news/releases/2014/08/12/mandatory-outdoor-watering-restrictions-effect-for-ebmud-residents-an\">their own new set of mandatory water restrictions\u003c/a>. Actually they’re the same voluntary rules that the District already had in place, but are now deemed mandatory under its newly declared “water shortage emergency.” But officials at EBMUD don’t plan to impose fines on water wasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re more of the carrot versus a stick type of agency,” says EBMUD spokeswoman Andrea Pook. She says residents are encouraged to call the District and report wasteful watering when they see it. On average, EBMUD customers use 40 percent of their water outdoors. When customers are fingered for profligate watering, Pook says her agency’s approach is to, “talk with the people first,” followed by a letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly we do have the right to put a flow restrictor on or even shut someone’s water off if they are a flagrant water abuser.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pook says EBMUD customers as a group have already surpassed the 10 percent savings goal that the District has asked for previously and for now, that’s enough. Pook says that EBMUD water supplies are in better shape than many, so from her agency’s standpoint, “We’re not looking at Year 4 of drought, we are in Year 1 of drought. We feel like we’re doing our homework to plan ahead, but you never know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay MUD’s mandatory water rules echo the recently issued state guidelines:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Limit watering of outdoor landscapes to two times per week maximum.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Prevent excess runoff when watering their landscapes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use only hoses with shutoff nozzles to wash vehicles.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use a broom or air blower, not water, to clean hard surfaces such as driveways and sidewalks, except as needed for health and safety purposes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turn off any fountain or decorative water feature unless the water is recirculated.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/163193810&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/20515/water-restrictions-meaning-of-mandatory-depends-on-where-you-live","authors":["221"],"series":["science_1151"],"categories":["science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_572","science_64","science_201"],"featImg":"science_20533","label":"science_1151"},"news_124594":{"type":"posts","id":"news_124594","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"124594","score":null,"sort":[1391212829000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-francisco-asks-for-10-percent-cut-in-water-use-by-city-and-peninsula-residents","title":"10 Percent Voluntary Water Cut for Hetch Hetchy's S.F., Peninsula Customers","publishDate":1391212829,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_125051\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1548px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/RS8504_Kelly-4-2000.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-125051 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/RS8504_Kelly-4-2000.jpg\" alt=\"San Francisco Public Utilities Commission General Manager Harlan Kelly announces a voluntary 10 percent cutback in water usage for Hetch Hetchy customers on Jan. 31, 2014. Harlan said mandatory rationing could come soon if the drought continues. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\" width=\"1548\" height=\"1017\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission General Manager Harlan Kelly announces a voluntary 10 percent cutback in water usage for Hetch Hetchy customers on Jan. 31, 2014. Harlan said mandatory rationing could come soon if the drought continues. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4 p.m. Friday Update: \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=162\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> finalized a voluntary 10 percent cutback on water use for all Hetch Hetchy customers today as officials warned that without precipitation, mandatory rationing could be coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a window of opportunity where we can get some precipitation and snow,” SFPUC General Manager Harlan Kelly said. “We use very little water in the Bay Area, but if things persist, we may have to go to more stringent requirements – to a mandatory. We will know in a month or so if we have to ratchet this up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly said the Bay Area’s population has grown by 90,000 over the past 10 years, but daily gallons used have dropped by 45 million over the same time period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hetch Hetchy water system customers last saw mandatory rationing in the late '80s and early '90s, according to Michael Carlin, SFPUC Deputy General Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went to 10 to 20 percent, and we were actually considering numbers greater than that. In fact, San Francisco was looking at 45 percent mandatory rationing,” he said. “The season’s not over yet, so we’re still evaluating where we stand. It’s not so much that it rains in San Francisco. It’s more important that it snows in the Sierras.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra snowpack is currently 12 percent of average. Precipitation in the regional system watersheds is at one-quarter of normal, according to the SFPUC, and that’s the driest in recorded history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPUC Assistant General Manager for Water Steve Ritchie said it could all turn around with a few good storms, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ritchie said the Alameda County Water District, which relies on the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">now officially dry\u003c/a> State Water Project, may need more water from its sister district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve already indicated they’re going to need more San Francisco water,even if they get to 20 percent rationing, which is what they’re calling for in their district,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC offers free water-saving devices like faucet aerators and efficient shower heads to San Francisco residents. Request the items at 525 Golden Gate Ave., and bring proof of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alex Emslie contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post (Tuesday):\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>San Francisco officials are issuing a request for all customers of the Hetch Hetchy water system — that's everyone in the city, plus roughly 1.8 million customers in San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alameda counties — to reduce water use by 10 percent, effective this Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tyrone Jue, a spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, said the agency is asking only for a 10 percent reduction, rather than a 20 percent voluntary cut requested by Gov. Jerry Brown, because the water district's customers are already \"very conscious about their water use.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC says San Francisco's water use is about 88 gallons per capita per day — less than half of the statewide average of 197, according to the SFPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has published \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=760\" target=\"_blank\">a list\u003c/a> of now-familiar conservation tips covering everything from taking shorter showers and shutting off the tap while brushing your teeth to planting drought-resistant species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, the\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/water-and-wastewater/latest-water-supply-update\" target=\"_blank\"> East Bay Municipal Water District\u003c/a>, which serves 1.3 million customers in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, says it's considering whether to tap an emergency water source: the Sacramento River. As\u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/news/ci_24986817/after-decades-payments-ebmud-may-finally-use-its\" target=\"_blank\"> the Contra Costa Times noted\u003c/a> over the weekend, it would be the first time EBMUD gets to use a source of supply it began paying for even before the devastating drought of 1975-77.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The district signed a federal contract in 1970 for the secondary supply from the federal Bureau of Reclamation, and it has paid the bureau $17 million, required whether or not the water was taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for a water delivery pipeline plan were blocked for decades by resistance from Sacramento County and environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A truce was reached in 2001 when the East Bay district and Sacramento County agreed on a $900 million joint project to deliver water to both Sacramento County and the East Bay. EBMUD put up $460 million as its share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the contract, the East Bay temporarily can take up to 100 million gallons a day of Sacramento River water. The district typically uses about 170 million gallons per day of Mokelumne River water.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.acwa.com/content/local-drought-response\" target=\"_blank\">Association of California Water Agencies says\u003c/a> the following cities and districts have taken measures to cut water consumption:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.acwd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alameda County Water District\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: The district, which serves 336,000 people in Fremont, Newark and Union City, is asking customers to cut consumption by 20 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cloverdale\u003c/strong> (Sonoma County): Has imposed\u003ca href=\"http://www.cloverdale.net/DocumentCenter/View/1536\" target=\"_blank\"> Stage 2 Water Emergency\u003c/a>, requiring 25 percent in water consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Healdsburg (Sonoma County):\u003c/strong> City Council has approved \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20140121/articles/140129905\" target=\"_blank\">mandatory 20 percent cut \u003c/a>in water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marin Municipal Water District:\u003c/strong>: Has asked customers for \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinwater.org/controller?action=opennews&id=449\" target=\"_blank\">an immediate 25 percent voluntary reduction\u003c/a> in water use by district customers. As of Jan. 16, the district is pumping water from a reserve reservoir. Depending on the reservoir storage levels on April 1, MMWD may need to adopt mandatory reductions in water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara Valley Water District: \u003c/strong> District, which serves 1.8 million people, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.valleywater.org/EkContent.aspx?id=10762\" target=\"_blank\">it's monitoring water resources\u003c/a> with the current conditions meriting a yellow “cautionary” tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Cruz: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/index.aspx?page=396\" target=\"_blank\">Stage 1 water restrictions\u003c/a> adopted last year remain in place. Asking residents to turn off automatic irrigation systems and make concerted effort to reduce water use. The San Lorenzo River, the city’s primary source of water supply, is flowing at near-record low levels last seen in 1991 during a six-year drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scwa.ca.gov/current-water-supply-levels/\" target=\"_blank\">Sonoma County Water Agency\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> won approval from the State Water Resources Control Board to reduce flows from Lake Mendocino into the Russian River in order to conserve the surface water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Bay City News. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"City officials take step as East Bay district considers tapping the Sacramento River for the first time. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1391221551,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1036},"headData":{"title":"10 Percent Voluntary Water Cut for Hetch Hetchy's S.F., Peninsula Customers | KQED","description":"City officials take step as East Bay district considers tapping the Sacramento River for the first time. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"10 Percent Voluntary Water Cut for Hetch Hetchy's S.F., Peninsula Customers","datePublished":"2014-02-01T00:00:29.000Z","dateModified":"2014-02-01T02:25:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"124594 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=124594","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/san-francisco-asks-for-10-percent-cut-in-water-use-by-city-and-peninsula-residents/","disqusTitle":"10 Percent Voluntary Water Cut for Hetch Hetchy's S.F., Peninsula Customers","customPermalink":"2014/01/28/san-francisco-seeks-10-percent-voluntary-cut-in-water-consumption/","path":"/news/124594/san-francisco-asks-for-10-percent-cut-in-water-use-by-city-and-peninsula-residents","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_125051\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1548px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/RS8504_Kelly-4-2000.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-125051 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/RS8504_Kelly-4-2000.jpg\" alt=\"San Francisco Public Utilities Commission General Manager Harlan Kelly announces a voluntary 10 percent cutback in water usage for Hetch Hetchy customers on Jan. 31, 2014. Harlan said mandatory rationing could come soon if the drought continues. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\" width=\"1548\" height=\"1017\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission General Manager Harlan Kelly announces a voluntary 10 percent cutback in water usage for Hetch Hetchy customers on Jan. 31, 2014. Harlan said mandatory rationing could come soon if the drought continues. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4 p.m. Friday Update: \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=162\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> finalized a voluntary 10 percent cutback on water use for all Hetch Hetchy customers today as officials warned that without precipitation, mandatory rationing could be coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a window of opportunity where we can get some precipitation and snow,” SFPUC General Manager Harlan Kelly said. “We use very little water in the Bay Area, but if things persist, we may have to go to more stringent requirements – to a mandatory. We will know in a month or so if we have to ratchet this up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly said the Bay Area’s population has grown by 90,000 over the past 10 years, but daily gallons used have dropped by 45 million over the same time period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hetch Hetchy water system customers last saw mandatory rationing in the late '80s and early '90s, according to Michael Carlin, SFPUC Deputy General Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went to 10 to 20 percent, and we were actually considering numbers greater than that. In fact, San Francisco was looking at 45 percent mandatory rationing,” he said. “The season’s not over yet, so we’re still evaluating where we stand. It’s not so much that it rains in San Francisco. It’s more important that it snows in the Sierras.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra snowpack is currently 12 percent of average. Precipitation in the regional system watersheds is at one-quarter of normal, according to the SFPUC, and that’s the driest in recorded history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPUC Assistant General Manager for Water Steve Ritchie said it could all turn around with a few good storms, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ritchie said the Alameda County Water District, which relies on the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">now officially dry\u003c/a> State Water Project, may need more water from its sister district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve already indicated they’re going to need more San Francisco water,even if they get to 20 percent rationing, which is what they’re calling for in their district,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC offers free water-saving devices like faucet aerators and efficient shower heads to San Francisco residents. Request the items at 525 Golden Gate Ave., and bring proof of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alex Emslie contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post (Tuesday):\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>San Francisco officials are issuing a request for all customers of the Hetch Hetchy water system — that's everyone in the city, plus roughly 1.8 million customers in San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alameda counties — to reduce water use by 10 percent, effective this Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tyrone Jue, a spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, said the agency is asking only for a 10 percent reduction, rather than a 20 percent voluntary cut requested by Gov. Jerry Brown, because the water district's customers are already \"very conscious about their water use.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC says San Francisco's water use is about 88 gallons per capita per day — less than half of the statewide average of 197, according to the SFPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has published \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=760\" target=\"_blank\">a list\u003c/a> of now-familiar conservation tips covering everything from taking shorter showers and shutting off the tap while brushing your teeth to planting drought-resistant species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, the\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/water-and-wastewater/latest-water-supply-update\" target=\"_blank\"> East Bay Municipal Water District\u003c/a>, which serves 1.3 million customers in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, says it's considering whether to tap an emergency water source: the Sacramento River. As\u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/news/ci_24986817/after-decades-payments-ebmud-may-finally-use-its\" target=\"_blank\"> the Contra Costa Times noted\u003c/a> over the weekend, it would be the first time EBMUD gets to use a source of supply it began paying for even before the devastating drought of 1975-77.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The district signed a federal contract in 1970 for the secondary supply from the federal Bureau of Reclamation, and it has paid the bureau $17 million, required whether or not the water was taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for a water delivery pipeline plan were blocked for decades by resistance from Sacramento County and environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A truce was reached in 2001 when the East Bay district and Sacramento County agreed on a $900 million joint project to deliver water to both Sacramento County and the East Bay. EBMUD put up $460 million as its share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the contract, the East Bay temporarily can take up to 100 million gallons a day of Sacramento River water. The district typically uses about 170 million gallons per day of Mokelumne River water.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.acwa.com/content/local-drought-response\" target=\"_blank\">Association of California Water Agencies says\u003c/a> the following cities and districts have taken measures to cut water consumption:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.acwd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alameda County Water District\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: The district, which serves 336,000 people in Fremont, Newark and Union City, is asking customers to cut consumption by 20 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cloverdale\u003c/strong> (Sonoma County): Has imposed\u003ca href=\"http://www.cloverdale.net/DocumentCenter/View/1536\" target=\"_blank\"> Stage 2 Water Emergency\u003c/a>, requiring 25 percent in water consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Healdsburg (Sonoma County):\u003c/strong> City Council has approved \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20140121/articles/140129905\" target=\"_blank\">mandatory 20 percent cut \u003c/a>in water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marin Municipal Water District:\u003c/strong>: Has asked customers for \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinwater.org/controller?action=opennews&id=449\" target=\"_blank\">an immediate 25 percent voluntary reduction\u003c/a> in water use by district customers. As of Jan. 16, the district is pumping water from a reserve reservoir. Depending on the reservoir storage levels on April 1, MMWD may need to adopt mandatory reductions in water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara Valley Water District: \u003c/strong> District, which serves 1.8 million people, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.valleywater.org/EkContent.aspx?id=10762\" target=\"_blank\">it's monitoring water resources\u003c/a> with the current conditions meriting a yellow “cautionary” tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Cruz: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/index.aspx?page=396\" target=\"_blank\">Stage 1 water restrictions\u003c/a> adopted last year remain in place. Asking residents to turn off automatic irrigation systems and make concerted effort to reduce water use. The San Lorenzo River, the city’s primary source of water supply, is flowing at near-record low levels last seen in 1991 during a six-year drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scwa.ca.gov/current-water-supply-levels/\" target=\"_blank\">Sonoma County Water Agency\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> won approval from the State Water Resources Control Board to reduce flows from Lake Mendocino into the Russian River in order to conserve the surface water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Bay City News. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/124594/san-francisco-asks-for-10-percent-cut-in-water-use-by-city-and-peninsula-residents","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_17601","news_295","news_3776"],"featImg":"news_123343","label":"news_6944"},"news_121024":{"type":"posts","id":"news_121024","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"121024","score":null,"sort":[1387377009000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-francisco-may-ban-bottled-water-sales-on-public-property","title":"San Francisco May Ban Bottled Water Sales on Public Property ","publishDate":1387377009,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Katharine Fong and BCN\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/12/17/121024/rs5675_dsc00348-scr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-121075\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-121075\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS5675_DSC00348-scr-e1387332820428.jpg\" alt=\"The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park supplies water to San Francisco and other Bay Area cities. (Lauren Sommer / KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Get your water from here, and not from a bottle: The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park supplies water to San Francisco and other Bay Area cities. (Lauren Sommer / KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever on the cutting edge, San Francisco may enact one of the strictest bottle water bans in the country if the Board of Supervisors approves a proposal to ban its sale on public property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance, introduced by Supervisor David Chiu on Tuesday, requires that events held on public property with more than 100 people — such as such as in parks, concerts, large events and mobile food trucks — make tap water available instead of selling bottled water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would initially apply only to events that have access to adequate on-site water, but by late 2016 would apply to all events on San Francisco property besides foot races and other sporting events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents say this makes sense on multiple levels:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>San Francisco tap water has always been superior in taste and considered among the highest-quality water in the country. It comes primarily from snowmelt flowing down the Tuolumne River to Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park (which is why \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/24/rim-fire-update/\">potential damage\u003c/a> to the reservoir from the Rim Fire caused so much concern), and is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=447\">quality-tested\u003c/a> over 100,000 times a year. Water from the Hetch Hetchy is so pure that the Environmental Protection Agency and the state Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=634\" target=\"_blank\">require no filtration\u003c/a> of it.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It saves money. The sales ban would build on an executive order from 2007, signed by former Mayor Gavin Newsom, that prohibits \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/SAN-FRANCISCO-Mayor-to-cut-off-flow-of-city-2585268.php\" target=\"_hplink\">use of city money\u003c/a> to buy bottled water; the initiative cut $500,000 of annual city spending (a 2006 story in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/CITY-PAYS-BIG-FOR-BOTTLED-WATER-S-F-spends-2505825.php\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> found the city had paid more than $2 million for water, paper cups and dispenser rentals in recent years).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Environmentalists and others have long warned against using bottled water, saying it creates waste and uses excessive natural resources. Estimates are that bottled water production uses \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/facts-bottled-water-industry-2011-10?op=1\" target=\"_hplink\">17 million barrels of a oil\u003c/a> per year and requires triple the amount of water to make a bottle as it does to fill it.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Of course, making tap water accessible in the city poses some challenges. For example, at Outside Lands, the annual S.F. music festival in Golden Gate Park that draws some 65,000 people, there were a mere 3 refillable tap water stations, which caused some \u003ca href=\"http://www.banthebottle.net/articles/more-water-refilling-stations-at-outside-lands/\">frustration\u003c/a>. If the ordinance is approved, the city will study how to better supply water at events, and make the installation of water fountains and reusable bottle filling stations a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smaller municipalities have taken steps to go bottled water-free, but San Francisco would become the first major city to ban bottled water sales, and cement its reputation — if it hasn't already — as the national enviro mecca. It's already a leader in recycling and composting efforts, and has a goal of producing zero net waste by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See current outdoor tap water stations in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=207043821195731573385.000494a74c9195fdf2395&msa=0&dg=feature\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation is co-sponsored by Supervisor Eric Mar and supported by various environmental groups, but the business group International Bottled Water Association issued a statement today in opposition to the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said it \"supports the right of San Franciscans to choose clean, refreshing, reliable zero-calorie bottled water when making their beverage decisions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said, \"Efforts to eliminate or reduce access to bottled water will force consumers to choose less healthy drink options that have more packaging, more additives (e.g., sugar, caffeine), and greater environmental impacts than bottled water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will likely have its first public hearing at a Board of Supervisors committee meeting in late January, according to Chiu's office.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tap water would save city money, help the environment — and it tastes just as good, if not better.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1387395134,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":658},"headData":{"title":"San Francisco May Ban Bottled Water Sales on Public Property | KQED","description":"Tap water would save city money, help the environment — and it tastes just as good, if not better.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"San Francisco May Ban Bottled Water Sales on Public Property ","datePublished":"2013-12-18T14:30:09.000Z","dateModified":"2013-12-18T19:32:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"121024 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=121024","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/12/18/san-francisco-may-ban-bottled-water-sales-on-public-property/","disqusTitle":"San Francisco May Ban Bottled Water Sales on Public Property ","customPermalink":"2013/12/17/121024/bottled-water-sales-ban-San-Francisco/","path":"/news/121024/san-francisco-may-ban-bottled-water-sales-on-public-property","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Katharine Fong and BCN\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/12/17/121024/rs5675_dsc00348-scr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-121075\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-121075\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS5675_DSC00348-scr-e1387332820428.jpg\" alt=\"The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park supplies water to San Francisco and other Bay Area cities. (Lauren Sommer / KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Get your water from here, and not from a bottle: The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park supplies water to San Francisco and other Bay Area cities. (Lauren Sommer / KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever on the cutting edge, San Francisco may enact one of the strictest bottle water bans in the country if the Board of Supervisors approves a proposal to ban its sale on public property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance, introduced by Supervisor David Chiu on Tuesday, requires that events held on public property with more than 100 people — such as such as in parks, concerts, large events and mobile food trucks — make tap water available instead of selling bottled water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would initially apply only to events that have access to adequate on-site water, but by late 2016 would apply to all events on San Francisco property besides foot races and other sporting events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents say this makes sense on multiple levels:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>San Francisco tap water has always been superior in taste and considered among the highest-quality water in the country. It comes primarily from snowmelt flowing down the Tuolumne River to Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park (which is why \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/24/rim-fire-update/\">potential damage\u003c/a> to the reservoir from the Rim Fire caused so much concern), and is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=447\">quality-tested\u003c/a> over 100,000 times a year. Water from the Hetch Hetchy is so pure that the Environmental Protection Agency and the state Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"http://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=634\" target=\"_blank\">require no filtration\u003c/a> of it.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It saves money. The sales ban would build on an executive order from 2007, signed by former Mayor Gavin Newsom, that prohibits \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/SAN-FRANCISCO-Mayor-to-cut-off-flow-of-city-2585268.php\" target=\"_hplink\">use of city money\u003c/a> to buy bottled water; the initiative cut $500,000 of annual city spending (a 2006 story in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/CITY-PAYS-BIG-FOR-BOTTLED-WATER-S-F-spends-2505825.php\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> found the city had paid more than $2 million for water, paper cups and dispenser rentals in recent years).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Environmentalists and others have long warned against using bottled water, saying it creates waste and uses excessive natural resources. Estimates are that bottled water production uses \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/facts-bottled-water-industry-2011-10?op=1\" target=\"_hplink\">17 million barrels of a oil\u003c/a> per year and requires triple the amount of water to make a bottle as it does to fill it.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Of course, making tap water accessible in the city poses some challenges. For example, at Outside Lands, the annual S.F. music festival in Golden Gate Park that draws some 65,000 people, there were a mere 3 refillable tap water stations, which caused some \u003ca href=\"http://www.banthebottle.net/articles/more-water-refilling-stations-at-outside-lands/\">frustration\u003c/a>. If the ordinance is approved, the city will study how to better supply water at events, and make the installation of water fountains and reusable bottle filling stations a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smaller municipalities have taken steps to go bottled water-free, but San Francisco would become the first major city to ban bottled water sales, and cement its reputation — if it hasn't already — as the national enviro mecca. It's already a leader in recycling and composting efforts, and has a goal of producing zero net waste by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See current outdoor tap water stations in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=207043821195731573385.000494a74c9195fdf2395&msa=0&dg=feature\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation is co-sponsored by Supervisor Eric Mar and supported by various environmental groups, but the business group International Bottled Water Association issued a statement today in opposition to the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said it \"supports the right of San Franciscans to choose clean, refreshing, reliable zero-calorie bottled water when making their beverage decisions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said, \"Efforts to eliminate or reduce access to bottled water will force consumers to choose less healthy drink options that have more packaging, more additives (e.g., sugar, caffeine), and greater environmental impacts than bottled water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will likely have its first public hearing at a Board of Supervisors committee meeting in late January, according to Chiu's office.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/121024/san-francisco-may-ban-bottled-water-sales-on-public-property","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_3776","news_38"],"featImg":"news_121075","label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago.\r\n\r\n[http_redir]","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Drought Watch Archives | KQED Science","description":"What California's reservoirs look like right now (From KQED's The Lowdown) [iframe src=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"] We’re collecting all of our California drought coverage here, starting with the current state of the drought, then providing the background and rounding up all the stories we’ve produced. Relief at Last In early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago. 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