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Ryan holds degrees in multimedia journalism and Spanish from the University of Missouri.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"ryan_levi","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"breakingnews","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ryan Levi | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rlevi"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11955960":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11955960","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11955960","score":null,"sort":[1689791691000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"audit-finds-csu-failed-to-address-some-sexual-harassment-cases-on-campuses","title":"Audit Finds CSU Failed to Address Some Sexual Harassment Cases on Campuses","publishDate":1689791691,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Audit Finds CSU Failed to Address Some Sexual Harassment Cases on Campuses | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>To view the campus reports, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/titleix/Pages/cozen-title-ix-assessment.aspx\">click this link\u003c/a>. There’s a dropdown for each campus.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Auditor found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-state-university\">California State University\u003c/a> routinely failed to address sexual harassment allegations across some of its 23 campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2022-109/index.html#section1\">The audit\u003c/a>, released Tuesday, continues to shed light on a system in disarray and disorder. The state auditor reviewed multiple alleged cases of sexual harassment and several investigations to determine that, in some cases, universities improperly closed cases and failed to provide adequate discipline or take action against offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit arrives one day after the release of \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/cal-state-fails-to-fully-address-sexual-harassment-and-discrimination-complaints/694120\">a year-long independent investigation\u003c/a> ordered by the CSU Board of Trustees to review the system’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/sex-discrimination/title-ix-education-amendments/index.html\">Title IX\u003c/a> practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/titleix/Documents/california-state-university_systemwide-report_july-17-2023.pdf\">That report (PDF)\u003c/a>, assembled by Cozen O’Connor law firm, also found that the nation’s largest public university system fails to respond adequately to sexual harassment and discrimination complaints from employees and students because of few resources and little staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state auditor reviewed 40 CSU sexual harassment cases from 2016 to 2022 that showed employees potentially engaging in sexual harassment. Twenty-one of those cases led to a formal investigation and four led to an informal resolution agreement. Out of 15 cases that were closed upon their first assessments, the audit found that campuses did not provide clear reasons for closing 11 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In those cases, the campuses did not move forward with a formal investigation, even though the cases contained concerning allegations that may have warranted an investigation,” according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit gives one such example of a student who alleged that a faculty member made, “inappropriate comments about her body, consistently walked her toward her residence after class, talked about his personal and romantic life, and compared her to women he dated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student filed a written complaint, met with a campus official and made it clear she wanted to take action. But the campus, which is unnamed in the audit, declined to investigate stating that the alleged conduct was “on the border” of the campus’s purview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor found that some campuses did not contact all the complainants before closing cases or made little effort to pursue investigating allegations if the complainants chose not to participate in the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Individual, according to the audit\"]‘In those cases, the campuses did not move forward with a formal investigation, even though the cases contained concerning allegations that may have warranted an investigation.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor also found issues with the way CSU conducts investigations. Seven investigations contained “deficiencies that caused us to question the campuses’ determinations that sexual harassment had not occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another example from the audit, a contractor reported that a faculty member made “inappropriate comments to her on multiple occasions, hugged her, touched her hair, and kissed a different staff member without that person’s consent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university substantiated the allegations but found the conduct “did not meet the definition of sexual harassment in CSU’s policy — an outcome we question, given the details of the case and deficiencies in the campus’ investigative analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In seven cases, the audit found that the university failed to implement action even when campuses determined an employee’s behavior required discipline. Three cases were closed by campuses that also referred those cases to a different university department for possible corrective action, such as having a conversation with the accused person or a letter of reprimand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another example, an unnamed campus found a male professor responsible for sexual harassment, sexual violence, and stalking in 2016 but failed to take disciplinary action for more than five years. The campus did issue a letter reprimanding the professor for his conduct, but nothing else because the campus determined it missed the statute of limitations for any other disciplinary action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that letter wasn’t given to the professor until six years later in 2022 when a new report alleged he engaged in inappropriate conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This professor is also participating in a faculty early-retirement program that reduces his employment to half-time until his anticipated retirement,” according to the audit. “The personnel administrator for that campus stated that given the professor’s past behavior, the campus is making every effort to keep him away from the classroom and engaged only in projects that do not involve students.”[aside postID=news_11950873 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/GettyImages-1490480975-1020x680.jpg']The Joint Legislative Audit Committee called for the audit last summer after multiple reports showed poor responses to sexual harassment complaints from faculty, administrators and students. The committee requested access to sexual harassment complaints against employees at the chancellor’s office, San Jose State, Fresno State and Sonoma State campuses where there had been publicly reported allegations of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that from 2018 to 2022, the system received 1,251 sexual harassment reports against CSU employees across the 23 campuses. However, the audit cautions that the data from the chancellor’s office is unreliable and inconsistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit also found that of the 40 cases, 24 were missing documents, making it difficult for auditors to assess if campuses handled the allegations appropriately. Those missing documents included interview notes, relevant evidence, outreach to complainants, and timeline extensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also identified two cases in which a campus’s lack of accessible documentation about the outcome of a previous case may have affected its handling of a new allegation of sexual harassment against the same” individual, according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the corrective actions were not severe enough to stop individuals from misconduct. In another example from the audit, a female student reported a male faculty member repeatedly asked her out, hugged and kissed her. When the Title IX coordinator and a personnel administrator met with the faculty member to address his behavior. But three years later, the faculty member was the subject of similar allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In four cases, campuses reached settlement agreements that contained conditions like suspension without pay, voluntary resignation, training, or a letter of reprimand in exchange for monetary awards or removal of disciplinary documents from a personnel file. Those actions could allow the employees to be hired elsewhere with no information shared on the allegations that led to the settlements.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jolene Koester, interim chancellor, California State University\"]‘We agree with and will implement the recommendations provided in the audit report … to strengthen our culture of care and compliance and advance the CSU’s core values of equity, diversity and inclusion.’[/pullquote]The chancellor’s office has partially addressed this issue by creating a new policy that doesn’t award positive letters of recommendation to any employee that has been fired or separated from the system due to sexual misconduct. But the audit found that the new policy would not cover seven cases where employees had findings of sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the professor that committed sexual harassment, violence and stalking could still receive a letter of positive recommendation because the discipline in that case didn’t lead to his firing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor also found that CSU needs a way to address unprofessional behavior that isn’t sexual harassment. In one case, the audit cited an investigation that found the behavior inappropriate and recommended the individual’s supervisor address it, but there was no evidence the campus took any action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chancellor’s office also failed to collect data and analysis adequately across the 23 campuses, so “it lacks complete and accurate information about the total number of cases of alleged sexual harassment,” according to the audit. The office also doesn’t have standard practices for preventing, detecting or addressing sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the Chancellor’s Office has both the responsibility and the authority to ensure that campuses consistently and adequately address sexual harassment concerns,” according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Auditor Grant Parks, in his letter to the legislature, said: “The problems and inconsistencies we found during this audit warrant system-wide changes at CSU. In particular, the Chancellor’s Office must take a more active approach to overseeing campuses’ efforts to prevent and address sexual harassment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks recommends the chancellor’s office close gaps in its policies, collect and analyze critical data, and regularly review its campuses for compliance with legal requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the audit, interim Chancellor Jolene Koester said, “We agree with and will implement the recommendations provided in the audit report, as well as those identified in the Cozen assessment, to strengthen our culture of care and compliance and advance the CSU’s core values of equity, diversity and inclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koester said that CSU will strengthen its accountability and prioritize prevention, mitigating barriers to reporting and ensuring appropriate response and support systems.[aside postID=news_11946741 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/CMUndergrads01-1020x680.jpg']Mike Fong, chair of the Assembly Higher Education committee, said he would work with the university system, faculty and students to “address the identified problems and provide avenues for healing for all those involved. Our students, faculty and staff deserve a safe campus environment, and the knowledge that when they report any discrimination or misconduct, their voices will be heard, their complaints investigated, and the system will work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong also said that while CSU was the subject of two investigations, the problem of how systems respond to allegations of sexual misconduct and discrimination isn’t isolated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will work to address Title IX compliance at all higher education institutions in California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State’s new chancellor-select, Mildred Garcia, following her appointment last week, said of the law firm’s report released yesterday: “There are no ifs, and, or buts, and we say that to our communities, and we demonstrate what we’re doing. It is my understanding that campuses have already started the implementation teams. It is my role to make sure that work gets implemented and that we hold people accountable to get it done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of sexual harassment in the CSU system blew up early last year when USA Today reported that recently appointed Chancellor Joseph I. Castro, while president of Fresno State, ignored complaints of sexual misconduct for years by his vice president of student affairs, Frank Lamas, before his actions were finally investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CSU has increasingly come under scrutiny from state auditors and news organizations for poor responses to sexual harassment complaints filed by faculty, administrators and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The state auditor issued a critical report of California State University's handling of sexual harassment and misconduct complaints across the system.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1689791691,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1809},"headData":{"title":"Audit Finds CSU Failed to Address Some Sexual Harassment Cases on Campuses | KQED","description":"The state auditor issued a critical report of California State University's handling of sexual harassment and misconduct complaints across the system.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"EdSource","sourceUrl":"https://edsource.org/","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/author/asmith\">Ashley A. Smith\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11955960/audit-finds-csu-failed-to-address-some-sexual-harassment-cases-on-campuses","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>To view the campus reports, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/titleix/Pages/cozen-title-ix-assessment.aspx\">click this link\u003c/a>. There’s a dropdown for each campus.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Auditor found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-state-university\">California State University\u003c/a> routinely failed to address sexual harassment allegations across some of its 23 campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2022-109/index.html#section1\">The audit\u003c/a>, released Tuesday, continues to shed light on a system in disarray and disorder. The state auditor reviewed multiple alleged cases of sexual harassment and several investigations to determine that, in some cases, universities improperly closed cases and failed to provide adequate discipline or take action against offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit arrives one day after the release of \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/cal-state-fails-to-fully-address-sexual-harassment-and-discrimination-complaints/694120\">a year-long independent investigation\u003c/a> ordered by the CSU Board of Trustees to review the system’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/sex-discrimination/title-ix-education-amendments/index.html\">Title IX\u003c/a> practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/titleix/Documents/california-state-university_systemwide-report_july-17-2023.pdf\">That report (PDF)\u003c/a>, assembled by Cozen O’Connor law firm, also found that the nation’s largest public university system fails to respond adequately to sexual harassment and discrimination complaints from employees and students because of few resources and little staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state auditor reviewed 40 CSU sexual harassment cases from 2016 to 2022 that showed employees potentially engaging in sexual harassment. Twenty-one of those cases led to a formal investigation and four led to an informal resolution agreement. Out of 15 cases that were closed upon their first assessments, the audit found that campuses did not provide clear reasons for closing 11 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In those cases, the campuses did not move forward with a formal investigation, even though the cases contained concerning allegations that may have warranted an investigation,” according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit gives one such example of a student who alleged that a faculty member made, “inappropriate comments about her body, consistently walked her toward her residence after class, talked about his personal and romantic life, and compared her to women he dated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student filed a written complaint, met with a campus official and made it clear she wanted to take action. But the campus, which is unnamed in the audit, declined to investigate stating that the alleged conduct was “on the border” of the campus’s purview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor found that some campuses did not contact all the complainants before closing cases or made little effort to pursue investigating allegations if the complainants chose not to participate in the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘In those cases, the campuses did not move forward with a formal investigation, even though the cases contained concerning allegations that may have warranted an investigation.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Individual, according to the audit","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor also found issues with the way CSU conducts investigations. Seven investigations contained “deficiencies that caused us to question the campuses’ determinations that sexual harassment had not occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another example from the audit, a contractor reported that a faculty member made “inappropriate comments to her on multiple occasions, hugged her, touched her hair, and kissed a different staff member without that person’s consent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university substantiated the allegations but found the conduct “did not meet the definition of sexual harassment in CSU’s policy — an outcome we question, given the details of the case and deficiencies in the campus’ investigative analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In seven cases, the audit found that the university failed to implement action even when campuses determined an employee’s behavior required discipline. Three cases were closed by campuses that also referred those cases to a different university department for possible corrective action, such as having a conversation with the accused person or a letter of reprimand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another example, an unnamed campus found a male professor responsible for sexual harassment, sexual violence, and stalking in 2016 but failed to take disciplinary action for more than five years. The campus did issue a letter reprimanding the professor for his conduct, but nothing else because the campus determined it missed the statute of limitations for any other disciplinary action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that letter wasn’t given to the professor until six years later in 2022 when a new report alleged he engaged in inappropriate conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This professor is also participating in a faculty early-retirement program that reduces his employment to half-time until his anticipated retirement,” according to the audit. “The personnel administrator for that campus stated that given the professor’s past behavior, the campus is making every effort to keep him away from the classroom and engaged only in projects that do not involve students.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11950873","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/GettyImages-1490480975-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Joint Legislative Audit Committee called for the audit last summer after multiple reports showed poor responses to sexual harassment complaints from faculty, administrators and students. The committee requested access to sexual harassment complaints against employees at the chancellor’s office, San Jose State, Fresno State and Sonoma State campuses where there had been publicly reported allegations of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that from 2018 to 2022, the system received 1,251 sexual harassment reports against CSU employees across the 23 campuses. However, the audit cautions that the data from the chancellor’s office is unreliable and inconsistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit also found that of the 40 cases, 24 were missing documents, making it difficult for auditors to assess if campuses handled the allegations appropriately. Those missing documents included interview notes, relevant evidence, outreach to complainants, and timeline extensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also identified two cases in which a campus’s lack of accessible documentation about the outcome of a previous case may have affected its handling of a new allegation of sexual harassment against the same” individual, according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the corrective actions were not severe enough to stop individuals from misconduct. In another example from the audit, a female student reported a male faculty member repeatedly asked her out, hugged and kissed her. When the Title IX coordinator and a personnel administrator met with the faculty member to address his behavior. But three years later, the faculty member was the subject of similar allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In four cases, campuses reached settlement agreements that contained conditions like suspension without pay, voluntary resignation, training, or a letter of reprimand in exchange for monetary awards or removal of disciplinary documents from a personnel file. Those actions could allow the employees to be hired elsewhere with no information shared on the allegations that led to the settlements.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We agree with and will implement the recommendations provided in the audit report … to strengthen our culture of care and compliance and advance the CSU’s core values of equity, diversity and inclusion.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Jolene Koester, interim chancellor, California State University","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The chancellor’s office has partially addressed this issue by creating a new policy that doesn’t award positive letters of recommendation to any employee that has been fired or separated from the system due to sexual misconduct. But the audit found that the new policy would not cover seven cases where employees had findings of sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the professor that committed sexual harassment, violence and stalking could still receive a letter of positive recommendation because the discipline in that case didn’t lead to his firing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor also found that CSU needs a way to address unprofessional behavior that isn’t sexual harassment. In one case, the audit cited an investigation that found the behavior inappropriate and recommended the individual’s supervisor address it, but there was no evidence the campus took any action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chancellor’s office also failed to collect data and analysis adequately across the 23 campuses, so “it lacks complete and accurate information about the total number of cases of alleged sexual harassment,” according to the audit. The office also doesn’t have standard practices for preventing, detecting or addressing sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the Chancellor’s Office has both the responsibility and the authority to ensure that campuses consistently and adequately address sexual harassment concerns,” according to the audit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Auditor Grant Parks, in his letter to the legislature, said: “The problems and inconsistencies we found during this audit warrant system-wide changes at CSU. In particular, the Chancellor’s Office must take a more active approach to overseeing campuses’ efforts to prevent and address sexual harassment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks recommends the chancellor’s office close gaps in its policies, collect and analyze critical data, and regularly review its campuses for compliance with legal requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the audit, interim Chancellor Jolene Koester said, “We agree with and will implement the recommendations provided in the audit report, as well as those identified in the Cozen assessment, to strengthen our culture of care and compliance and advance the CSU’s core values of equity, diversity and inclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koester said that CSU will strengthen its accountability and prioritize prevention, mitigating barriers to reporting and ensuring appropriate response and support systems.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11946741","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/CMUndergrads01-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Mike Fong, chair of the Assembly Higher Education committee, said he would work with the university system, faculty and students to “address the identified problems and provide avenues for healing for all those involved. Our students, faculty and staff deserve a safe campus environment, and the knowledge that when they report any discrimination or misconduct, their voices will be heard, their complaints investigated, and the system will work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong also said that while CSU was the subject of two investigations, the problem of how systems respond to allegations of sexual misconduct and discrimination isn’t isolated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will work to address Title IX compliance at all higher education institutions in California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State’s new chancellor-select, Mildred Garcia, following her appointment last week, said of the law firm’s report released yesterday: “There are no ifs, and, or buts, and we say that to our communities, and we demonstrate what we’re doing. It is my understanding that campuses have already started the implementation teams. It is my role to make sure that work gets implemented and that we hold people accountable to get it done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of sexual harassment in the CSU system blew up early last year when USA Today reported that recently appointed Chancellor Joseph I. Castro, while president of Fresno State, ignored complaints of sexual misconduct for years by his vice president of student affairs, Frank Lamas, before his actions were finally investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CSU has increasingly come under scrutiny from state auditors and news organizations for poor responses to sexual harassment complaints filed by faculty, administrators and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11955960/audit-finds-csu-failed-to-address-some-sexual-harassment-cases-on-campuses","authors":["byline_news_11955960"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_221","news_32200","news_21180","news_18738","news_20228","news_279","news_1405","news_20614","news_32933","news_6215"],"featImg":"news_11955965","label":"source_news_11955960"},"news_11664694":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11664694","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11664694","score":null,"sort":[1524700272000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fresno-professor-who-called-barbara-bush-an-amazing-racist-will-keep-her-job","title":"Fresno Professor Who Called Barbara Bush an 'Amazing Racist' Will Keep Her Job","publishDate":1524700272,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\"I will never be fired,\" professor Randa Jarrar taunted critics after she blasted Barbara Bush as a racist not an hour after the former first lady's death was announced last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the president of California State University, Fresno, has confirmed that she will keep her job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reviewing the facts, \"the university does not have justification to support taking any disciplinary action,\" President Joseph Castro said \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2018/04/24/president-joseph-i-castro-letter-on-conclusion-of-review-regarding-professor/\">in a statement\u003c/a> Tuesday. \"Professor Jarrar did not violate any CSU or university policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jgm41/status/986388257150787584\">a family spokesman announced Bush's death\u003c/a> on April 17, Jarrar took to Twitter make clear her views on the woman who was wife of one president and mother of another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Barbara Bush was a generous and smart and amazing racist who, along with her husband, raised a war criminal. F--- outta here with your nice words,\" she tweeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article209197719.html\">The Fresno Bee\u003c/a> preserved a screen grab of Jarrar's tweets and wrote about the ensuing back-and-forth with outraged critics before Jarrar made her account private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarrar also reportedly tweeted, \"I'm happy the witch is dead. can't wait for the rest of her family to fall to their demise the way 1.5 million iraqis have. byyyeeeeeee.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his statement, Castro wrote that while the professor's conduct \"was insensitive, inappropriate and an embarrassment to the university,\" Jarrar was nonetheless \"acting in a private capacity and speaking about a public matter on her personal Twitter account. Her comments, although disgraceful, are protected free speech under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarrar had welcomed critics to reach out to her employer, including the Twitter handles of Fresno State and its president in a tweet that read in part, \"What I love about being an American professor is my right to free speech, and what I love about Fresno State is that I always feel protected and at home here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her tweetstorm generated thousands of responses, the \u003cem>Bee \u003c/em>reports, many of them demanding that Fresno State fire Jarrar. As if to underscore that this would never happen, Jarrar noted that she is a tenured professor in the English Department and makes $100,000 a year, according to the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Castro said the decision to allow Jarrar to keep her job wasn't related to tenure, saying it \"is an issue of free speech.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to say, \"Let me be clear, on campus and whenever we are representing the university, I expect all of us to engage in respectful dialogue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lars Maischak, an untenured history lecturer at Fresno State, bumped up against those limits last year when he tweeted that \"Trump must hang,\" and then made a reference to a \"Trump assassin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a backlash, Maischak was put on leave and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article165627872.html\">Fresno State announced\u003c/a> he would not be teaching on campus in the fall of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maischak \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article165627872.html\">now teaches courses online\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Castro's announcement, the American Civil Liberties Union, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visaliatimesdelta.com/story/news/2018/04/19/aclu-free-speech-groups-call-halt-fresno-state-teacher-investigation/534525002/\">which had come to Jarrar's defense\u003c/a>, tweeted, \"Randa Jarrar's tweets about Barbara Bush are protected speech under the First Amendment. Period.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some people posting under the hashtag #boycottfresnostate said Jarrar's comments went too far and lamented the lack of disciplinary action taken against her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/california-state-university-remove-randa-jarrar-from-fresno-state-university-for-racist-comments\">A petition on change.org\u003c/a> calling for Jarrar to be fired had garnered more than 60,000 signatures as of Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Jarrar, who is \u003ca href=\"https://randajarrar.com/about/\">also an author\u003c/a>, has been keeping a lower profile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ACLU/status/987719357424844801\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview Tuesday in \u003cem>New York\u003c/em> \u003cem>Magazine's\u003c/em> The Cut, she said she stood by her comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt compelled to speak up because I want people to remember history. I want people to know that our country's actions don't just disappear,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecut.com/2018/04/randa-jarrar-fresno-state-professor-interview.html\">she told the publication\u003c/a>. \"The Bush family — including Barbara Bush — supported policies that harmed and destroyed the lives of millions,\" she said citing the war in Iraq, as well as Barbara Bush's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/07/us/nationalspecial/barbara-bush-calls-evacuees-better-off.html\">remarks about Hurricane Katrina evacuees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno State says its review of Jarrar and her tweets has now closed. She will remain on leave through the spring semester, Castro said. (Jarrar was already on a requested leave when she made the remarks.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Professor+Who+Called+Barbara+Bush+An+%27Amazing+Racist%27+Will+Keep+Her+Job+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It came down to freedom of speech, according to Fresno State President Joseph Castro. He noted Randa Jarrar made the remarks in a \"private capacity,\" even as he called her conduct an embarrassment.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1524700445,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":715},"headData":{"title":"Fresno Professor Who Called Barbara Bush an 'Amazing Racist' Will Keep Her Job | KQED","description":"It came down to freedom of speech, according to Fresno State President Joseph Castro. He noted Randa Jarrar made the remarks in a "private capacity," even as he called her conduct an embarrassment.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11664694 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11664694","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/25/fresno-professor-who-called-barbara-bush-an-amazing-racist-will-keep-her-job/","disqusTitle":"Fresno Professor Who Called Barbara Bush an 'Amazing Racist' Will Keep Her Job","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprByline":"Amy Held","nprStoryId":"605668869","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=605668869&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/25/605668869/professor-who-called-barbara-bush-an-amazing-racist-will-keep-her-job?ft=nprml&f=605668869","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 25 Apr 2018 15:31:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 25 Apr 2018 15:26:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 25 Apr 2018 15:31:36 -0400","path":"/news/11664694/fresno-professor-who-called-barbara-bush-an-amazing-racist-will-keep-her-job","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\"I will never be fired,\" professor Randa Jarrar taunted critics after she blasted Barbara Bush as a racist not an hour after the former first lady's death was announced last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the president of California State University, Fresno, has confirmed that she will keep her job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reviewing the facts, \"the university does not have justification to support taking any disciplinary action,\" President Joseph Castro said \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2018/04/24/president-joseph-i-castro-letter-on-conclusion-of-review-regarding-professor/\">in a statement\u003c/a> Tuesday. \"Professor Jarrar did not violate any CSU or university policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jgm41/status/986388257150787584\">a family spokesman announced Bush's death\u003c/a> on April 17, Jarrar took to Twitter make clear her views on the woman who was wife of one president and mother of another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Barbara Bush was a generous and smart and amazing racist who, along with her husband, raised a war criminal. F--- outta here with your nice words,\" she tweeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article209197719.html\">The Fresno Bee\u003c/a> preserved a screen grab of Jarrar's tweets and wrote about the ensuing back-and-forth with outraged critics before Jarrar made her account private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarrar also reportedly tweeted, \"I'm happy the witch is dead. can't wait for the rest of her family to fall to their demise the way 1.5 million iraqis have. byyyeeeeeee.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his statement, Castro wrote that while the professor's conduct \"was insensitive, inappropriate and an embarrassment to the university,\" Jarrar was nonetheless \"acting in a private capacity and speaking about a public matter on her personal Twitter account. Her comments, although disgraceful, are protected free speech under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarrar had welcomed critics to reach out to her employer, including the Twitter handles of Fresno State and its president in a tweet that read in part, \"What I love about being an American professor is my right to free speech, and what I love about Fresno State is that I always feel protected and at home here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her tweetstorm generated thousands of responses, the \u003cem>Bee \u003c/em>reports, many of them demanding that Fresno State fire Jarrar. As if to underscore that this would never happen, Jarrar noted that she is a tenured professor in the English Department and makes $100,000 a year, according to the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Castro said the decision to allow Jarrar to keep her job wasn't related to tenure, saying it \"is an issue of free speech.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to say, \"Let me be clear, on campus and whenever we are representing the university, I expect all of us to engage in respectful dialogue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lars Maischak, an untenured history lecturer at Fresno State, bumped up against those limits last year when he tweeted that \"Trump must hang,\" and then made a reference to a \"Trump assassin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a backlash, Maischak was put on leave and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article165627872.html\">Fresno State announced\u003c/a> he would not be teaching on campus in the fall of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maischak \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article165627872.html\">now teaches courses online\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Castro's announcement, the American Civil Liberties Union, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visaliatimesdelta.com/story/news/2018/04/19/aclu-free-speech-groups-call-halt-fresno-state-teacher-investigation/534525002/\">which had come to Jarrar's defense\u003c/a>, tweeted, \"Randa Jarrar's tweets about Barbara Bush are protected speech under the First Amendment. Period.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some people posting under the hashtag #boycottfresnostate said Jarrar's comments went too far and lamented the lack of disciplinary action taken against her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/california-state-university-remove-randa-jarrar-from-fresno-state-university-for-racist-comments\">A petition on change.org\u003c/a> calling for Jarrar to be fired had garnered more than 60,000 signatures as of Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Jarrar, who is \u003ca href=\"https://randajarrar.com/about/\">also an author\u003c/a>, has been keeping a lower profile.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"987719357424844801"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In an interview Tuesday in \u003cem>New York\u003c/em> \u003cem>Magazine's\u003c/em> The Cut, she said she stood by her comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt compelled to speak up because I want people to remember history. I want people to know that our country's actions don't just disappear,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecut.com/2018/04/randa-jarrar-fresno-state-professor-interview.html\">she told the publication\u003c/a>. \"The Bush family — including Barbara Bush — supported policies that harmed and destroyed the lives of millions,\" she said citing the war in Iraq, as well as Barbara Bush's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/07/us/nationalspecial/barbara-bush-calls-evacuees-better-off.html\">remarks about Hurricane Katrina evacuees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno State says its review of Jarrar and her tweets has now closed. She will remain on leave through the spring semester, Castro said. (Jarrar was already on a requested leave when she made the remarks.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Professor+Who+Called+Barbara+Bush+An+%27Amazing+Racist%27+Will+Keep+Her+Job+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11664694/fresno-professor-who-called-barbara-bush-an-amazing-racist-will-keep-her-job","authors":["byline_news_11664694"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_221","news_37","news_279"],"featImg":"news_11664697","label":"source_news_11664694"},"news_11663440":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11663440","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11663440","score":null,"sort":[1524616250000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"salt-dirt-and-ants-gary-sotos-poetry-of-farm-work","title":"Salt, Dirt and Ants: Gary Soto's Poetry of Farm Work","publishDate":1524616250,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Gary Soto is one of California's most prolific Chicano poets and writers. He's published some 40 books, including children's books, novels and musicals, and has been a finalist for the National Book Award, and a Pulitzer. But his roots are as a poet, writing about his experience in the fields near Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Gary Soto’s poems are fast, funny, heartening, and achingly believable, like Polaroid love letters, or snatches of music heard out of a passing car; patches of beauty like patches of sunlight; the very pulse of a life.'\u003ccite>Joyce Carol Oates\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He was just 23 years old when he released his first book, \"The Elements of San Joaquin,\" back in 1977. Some critics have said it changed the course of Chicano literature: making it less rhetorical, more specific. Now, more than 40 years later, Chronicle Books has re-released \"The Elements of San Joaquin,\" with some new poems Soto found in his garage, and some reflections for a 2018 audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soto talked to The California Report Magazine's host, Sasha Khokha. This interview was edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>These poems include such specific images from your childhood, like licking salt or playing with ants, or things your grandmother said. How do you dredge up those memories when you're writing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was trying to provide a portrait of these places that surrounded me and the small things from ants to cans to bottle caps embedded in asphalt. As a poet I thought, 'Well I better show this territory that I live in,' either the neighborhood, playground, the fields, the factories around, the house where we grew up. I really wanted to present that world. For one it meant something to me, and it might mean something to someone else as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresno now has this famous poetry scene that really was scratched out of the dirt there, with a groundbreaking writing program at Fresno State that still serves a lot of kids from farmworker families like you. Kids whose parents may be pressuring them to earn money, not become a writer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true. I think that my parents really had no notion that I would ever go to college. Having graduated from high school with a 1.6 GPA, my mom would tell me, 'As long as you stayed out of jail you'll be okay.' That was a low-level expectation. [When you've got] young people coming from small towns outside of Fresno, agricultural towns, towns that are isolated, there's a lot of self-doubt. And that self-doubt can be cured when you find other people who are doing the same thing [like writing poetry.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11663762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-800x1201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-1020x1531.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-1180x1771.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-960x1441.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut.jpg 1799w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gary Soto's 1977 book has been credited with changing the course of Chicano poetry. The newly-released edition features new poems he found in his garage.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Having lived in Fresno myself, I love that you write not only about the rural parts of the Central Valley but also about the very urban grittiness of some of its neighborhoods. You grew up on the west side of Fresno. It's always been a very multiracial place. It's grappled with poverty. It's now very industrial.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have certain notions about Fresno, and it's a lot richer in people-life and complexities. It's a wonderful place. My wife is from there. I'm from there and I do speak honorably of Fresno at all times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's it like to look back on this work you produced in your early 20s, nearly four decades later?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm surprised. I was awed how serious I was as a young man. I finished the book when I was 22. My attitude was certainly serious. Over the years, my work would lighten and brighten with comedy, and love angles. I looked at this and I thought, this is a very broody young man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the title poem \"Elements of San Joaquin\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The wind sprays pale dirt into my mouth\u003cbr>\nThe small, almost invisible scars\u003cbr>\nOn my hands.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pores in my throat and elbows\u003cbr>\nHave taken in a seed of dirt of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a day in the grape fields near Rolinda\u003cbr>\nA fine silt, washed by sweat,\u003cbr>\nHas settled into the lines\u003cbr>\nOn my wrists and palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already I am becoming the valley,\u003cbr>\nA soil that sprouts nothing\u003cbr>\nFor any of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \"Fresno's Westside Blues\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There's the tinkle of a bell on a store door.\u003cbr>\nThere's laughter coming from Suki's Nails and Feet.\u003cbr>\nAnd look at Javier, with glue and paper,\u003cbr>\nMaking \u003cem>pinatas\u003c/em> behind a chain link fence --\u003cbr>\nThe beer-bellied Superman will take a birthday beating.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A breeze twists through the trees,\u003cbr>\nOne jammed meter throws up its expired red flag.\u003cbr>\nWhen the bell at the Mexican Baptist Church sounds,\u003cbr>\nHuge black birds feed on dropped \u003cem>churros\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThey bow their heads and cast shadows over feral cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is meant by escape?\u003cbr>\nYou could be any dog hugging an ancient building for shade.\u003cbr>\nWhen you turn the corner, the knife-bright sun ruthlessly cuts\u003cbr>\nThe shadow from your already mangy body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Gary Soto reflects on working the fields as a college student and why his 1977 poems resonate today. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1524600689,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":885},"headData":{"title":"Salt, Dirt and Ants: Gary Soto's Poetry of Farm Work | KQED","description":"Gary Soto reflects on working the fields as a college student and why his 1977 poems resonate today. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11663440 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11663440","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/24/salt-dirt-and-ants-gary-sotos-poetry-of-farm-work/","disqusTitle":"Salt, Dirt and Ants: Gary Soto's Poetry of Farm Work","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/04/KhokhaGarySoto.mp3","path":"/news/11663440/salt-dirt-and-ants-gary-sotos-poetry-of-farm-work","audioDuration":400000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gary Soto is one of California's most prolific Chicano poets and writers. He's published some 40 books, including children's books, novels and musicals, and has been a finalist for the National Book Award, and a Pulitzer. But his roots are as a poet, writing about his experience in the fields near Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Gary Soto’s poems are fast, funny, heartening, and achingly believable, like Polaroid love letters, or snatches of music heard out of a passing car; patches of beauty like patches of sunlight; the very pulse of a life.'\u003ccite>Joyce Carol Oates\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He was just 23 years old when he released his first book, \"The Elements of San Joaquin,\" back in 1977. Some critics have said it changed the course of Chicano literature: making it less rhetorical, more specific. Now, more than 40 years later, Chronicle Books has re-released \"The Elements of San Joaquin,\" with some new poems Soto found in his garage, and some reflections for a 2018 audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soto talked to The California Report Magazine's host, Sasha Khokha. This interview was edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>These poems include such specific images from your childhood, like licking salt or playing with ants, or things your grandmother said. How do you dredge up those memories when you're writing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was trying to provide a portrait of these places that surrounded me and the small things from ants to cans to bottle caps embedded in asphalt. As a poet I thought, 'Well I better show this territory that I live in,' either the neighborhood, playground, the fields, the factories around, the house where we grew up. I really wanted to present that world. For one it meant something to me, and it might mean something to someone else as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresno now has this famous poetry scene that really was scratched out of the dirt there, with a groundbreaking writing program at Fresno State that still serves a lot of kids from farmworker families like you. Kids whose parents may be pressuring them to earn money, not become a writer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true. I think that my parents really had no notion that I would ever go to college. Having graduated from high school with a 1.6 GPA, my mom would tell me, 'As long as you stayed out of jail you'll be okay.' That was a low-level expectation. [When you've got] young people coming from small towns outside of Fresno, agricultural towns, towns that are isolated, there's a lot of self-doubt. And that self-doubt can be cured when you find other people who are doing the same thing [like writing poetry.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11663762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-800x1201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-1020x1531.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-1180x1771.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-960x1441.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30545_9781452170138-qut.jpg 1799w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gary Soto's 1977 book has been credited with changing the course of Chicano poetry. The newly-released edition features new poems he found in his garage.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Having lived in Fresno myself, I love that you write not only about the rural parts of the Central Valley but also about the very urban grittiness of some of its neighborhoods. You grew up on the west side of Fresno. It's always been a very multiracial place. It's grappled with poverty. It's now very industrial.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have certain notions about Fresno, and it's a lot richer in people-life and complexities. It's a wonderful place. My wife is from there. I'm from there and I do speak honorably of Fresno at all times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's it like to look back on this work you produced in your early 20s, nearly four decades later?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm surprised. I was awed how serious I was as a young man. I finished the book when I was 22. My attitude was certainly serious. Over the years, my work would lighten and brighten with comedy, and love angles. I looked at this and I thought, this is a very broody young man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the title poem \"Elements of San Joaquin\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The wind sprays pale dirt into my mouth\u003cbr>\nThe small, almost invisible scars\u003cbr>\nOn my hands.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pores in my throat and elbows\u003cbr>\nHave taken in a seed of dirt of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a day in the grape fields near Rolinda\u003cbr>\nA fine silt, washed by sweat,\u003cbr>\nHas settled into the lines\u003cbr>\nOn my wrists and palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already I am becoming the valley,\u003cbr>\nA soil that sprouts nothing\u003cbr>\nFor any of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \"Fresno's Westside Blues\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There's the tinkle of a bell on a store door.\u003cbr>\nThere's laughter coming from Suki's Nails and Feet.\u003cbr>\nAnd look at Javier, with glue and paper,\u003cbr>\nMaking \u003cem>pinatas\u003c/em> behind a chain link fence --\u003cbr>\nThe beer-bellied Superman will take a birthday beating.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A breeze twists through the trees,\u003cbr>\nOne jammed meter throws up its expired red flag.\u003cbr>\nWhen the bell at the Mexican Baptist Church sounds,\u003cbr>\nHuge black birds feed on dropped \u003cem>churros\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThey bow their heads and cast shadows over feral cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is meant by escape?\u003cbr>\nYou could be any dog hugging an ancient building for shade.\u003cbr>\nWhen you turn the corner, the knife-bright sun ruthlessly cuts\u003cbr>\nThe shadow from your already mangy body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11663440/salt-dirt-and-ants-gary-sotos-poetry-of-farm-work","authors":["254"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_223","news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_20135","news_18269","news_37","news_279","news_1222"],"featImg":"news_11663915","label":"news_72"},"news_11372460":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11372460","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11372460","score":null,"sort":[1490661018000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"daughter-sees-big-difference-mom-made-in-small-california-town","title":"Daughter Sees Big Difference Mom Made in Small California Town","publishDate":1490661018,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>In honor of Cesar Chavez Day, the\u003ca href=\"https://library.fresnostate.edu/about\"> Henry Madden Library\u003c/a> at California State University, Fresno has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.storycorps.org/\" target=\"_blank\">StoryCorps\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2016/02/11/madden-library-partners-with-storycorps-to-record-stories-of-area-latino-families/\" target=\"_blank\">record and preserve\u003c/a> the stories of Latino families in the San Joaquin Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re airing excerpts of some of those conversations on \u003c/em>The California Report Magazine. \u003cem>We hear octogenarian Doris Ceballos tell her daughter, Cathleen Lozano, about her life working at a general store in Malaga.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris Ceballos grew up in the small Central Valley town of Malaga. Of the 11 children that her Mexican immigrant parents had, only Doris and her younger sister went to high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That education paid off when Doris was hired to work at the general store in Malaga after she graduated in 1949. She worked as a cashier, postal clerk and interpreter for Malaga's many Spanish-speaking residents. Doris says she would translate letters from loved ones in Mexico or serving overseas in the military for customers who couldn't speak English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/03/2017-03-24e-tcrmag.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Doris-and-Cathleen-800x533.jpg\" Title=\"Daughter Sees Big Difference Mom Made in Small California Town\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would be so grateful that I had read the letter that they would bring a piece of fruit and give me a piece of fruit or a candy bar,\" Doris says. \"They were so grateful and thankful. I would say, 'You don't need to do that,' and they would say, 'I want to.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris' daughter, Cathleen Lozano, is overcome with emotion as her mother tells her about her working life in a StoryCorps interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm so proud of you and everything you've accomplished,\" Cathleen says, trying to hold back tears. \"I'm so thankful that I have you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The project was co-sponsored by the California State University, Fresno Office of the President, the College of Arts and Humanities, the College of Social Sciences and Valley Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Doris Ceballos tells her daughter about translating letters from loved ones for the many Mexican immigrant families living in her town.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1490654671,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":352},"headData":{"title":"Daughter Sees Big Difference Mom Made in Small California Town | KQED","description":"Doris Ceballos tells her daughter about translating letters from loved ones for the many Mexican immigrant families living in her town.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11372460 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11372460","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/27/daughter-sees-big-difference-mom-made-in-small-california-town/","disqusTitle":"Daughter Sees Big Difference Mom Made in Small California Town","path":"/news/11372460/daughter-sees-big-difference-mom-made-in-small-california-town","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>In honor of Cesar Chavez Day, the\u003ca href=\"https://library.fresnostate.edu/about\"> Henry Madden Library\u003c/a> at California State University, Fresno has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.storycorps.org/\" target=\"_blank\">StoryCorps\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2016/02/11/madden-library-partners-with-storycorps-to-record-stories-of-area-latino-families/\" target=\"_blank\">record and preserve\u003c/a> the stories of Latino families in the San Joaquin Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re airing excerpts of some of those conversations on \u003c/em>The California Report Magazine. \u003cem>We hear octogenarian Doris Ceballos tell her daughter, Cathleen Lozano, about her life working at a general store in Malaga.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris Ceballos grew up in the small Central Valley town of Malaga. Of the 11 children that her Mexican immigrant parents had, only Doris and her younger sister went to high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That education paid off when Doris was hired to work at the general store in Malaga after she graduated in 1949. She worked as a cashier, postal clerk and interpreter for Malaga's many Spanish-speaking residents. Doris says she would translate letters from loved ones in Mexico or serving overseas in the military for customers who couldn't speak English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/03/2017-03-24e-tcrmag.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Doris-and-Cathleen-800x533.jpg","title":"Daughter Sees Big Difference Mom Made in Small California Town","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would be so grateful that I had read the letter that they would bring a piece of fruit and give me a piece of fruit or a candy bar,\" Doris says. \"They were so grateful and thankful. I would say, 'You don't need to do that,' and they would say, 'I want to.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris' daughter, Cathleen Lozano, is overcome with emotion as her mother tells her about her working life in a StoryCorps interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm so proud of you and everything you've accomplished,\" Cathleen says, trying to hold back tears. \"I'm so thankful that I have you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The project was co-sponsored by the California State University, Fresno Office of the President, the College of Arts and Humanities, the College of Social Sciences and Valley Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11372460/daughter-sees-big-difference-mom-made-in-small-california-town","authors":["11260"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_20676","news_885","news_279","news_312","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11372691","label":"news_72"},"news_11362137":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11362137","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11362137","score":null,"sort":[1490049973000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-sign-language-and-a-chance-meeting-forged-a-35-year-friendship","title":"How Sign Language and a Chance Meeting Forged a 35-Year Friendship","publishDate":1490049973,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>In honor of Cesar Chavez Day, the\u003ca href=\"https://library.fresnostate.edu/about\"> Henry Madden Library\u003c/a> at California State University, Fresno has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.storycorps.org\" target=\"_blank\">StoryCorps\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2016/02/11/madden-library-partners-with-storycorps-to-record-stories-of-area-latino-families/\" target=\"_blank\">record and preserve\u003c/a> the stories of Latino families in the San Joaquin Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'll be airing excerpts of some of those conversations over the next several weeks on \u003c/em>The California Report Magazine. \u003cem>This week, we hear from Armando Rivera, a deaf man and his longtime friend, Paul Barnett.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was 35 years ago when Paul Barnett saw Armando Rivera struggling to communicate with a grocery store clerk in Fresno. Rivera is deaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew the alphabet,\" Barnett said of his rudimentary American Sign Language (ASL). \"Being a social work student, I thought I was going to save the world, so I jumped in to try and interpret the little that I knew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two exchanged numbers, and they started spending time and signing together. A year later, they were roommates, and 35 years later, they are still friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/03/2017-03-17e-tcrmag.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Paul-Barnett-and-Armando-Rivera-800x533.jpg\" Title=\"An Unusual Friendship That Began...in a Grocery Store\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before their checkout line meeting, Rivera worked in Central Valley fields with his family picking grapes and other produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, I was basically all black with dirt,\" said Rivera, through an ASL interpreter. \"You could even feel the dirt in your nose, in your nostrils.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barnett sat down with Rivera for a StoryCorps interview to learn more about that time in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The project was co-sponsored by the California State University, Fresno Office of the President, the College of Arts and Humanities, the College of Social Sciences and Valley Public Radio\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Paul Barnett and Armando Rivera met at a Fresno grocery store decades ago. Rivera, a deaf farmworker, taught Barnett to sign. They've been friends ever since.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1490052073,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":317},"headData":{"title":"How Sign Language and a Chance Meeting Forged a 35-Year Friendship | KQED","description":"Paul Barnett and Armando Rivera met at a Fresno grocery store decades ago. Rivera, a deaf farmworker, taught Barnett to sign. They've been friends ever since.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11362137 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11362137","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/20/how-sign-language-and-a-chance-meeting-forged-a-35-year-friendship/","disqusTitle":"How Sign Language and a Chance Meeting Forged a 35-Year Friendship","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/03/2017-03-17e-tcrmag.mp3","guestFields":"0","path":"/news/11362137/how-sign-language-and-a-chance-meeting-forged-a-35-year-friendship","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>In honor of Cesar Chavez Day, the\u003ca href=\"https://library.fresnostate.edu/about\"> Henry Madden Library\u003c/a> at California State University, Fresno has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.storycorps.org\" target=\"_blank\">StoryCorps\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostatenews.com/2016/02/11/madden-library-partners-with-storycorps-to-record-stories-of-area-latino-families/\" target=\"_blank\">record and preserve\u003c/a> the stories of Latino families in the San Joaquin Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'll be airing excerpts of some of those conversations over the next several weeks on \u003c/em>The California Report Magazine. \u003cem>This week, we hear from Armando Rivera, a deaf man and his longtime friend, Paul Barnett.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was 35 years ago when Paul Barnett saw Armando Rivera struggling to communicate with a grocery store clerk in Fresno. Rivera is deaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew the alphabet,\" Barnett said of his rudimentary American Sign Language (ASL). \"Being a social work student, I thought I was going to save the world, so I jumped in to try and interpret the little that I knew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two exchanged numbers, and they started spending time and signing together. A year later, they were roommates, and 35 years later, they are still friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/03/2017-03-17e-tcrmag.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Paul-Barnett-and-Armando-Rivera-800x533.jpg","title":"An Unusual Friendship That Began...in a Grocery Store","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before their checkout line meeting, Rivera worked in Central Valley fields with his family picking grapes and other produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, I was basically all black with dirt,\" said Rivera, through an ASL interpreter. \"You could even feel the dirt in your nose, in your nostrils.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barnett sat down with Rivera for a StoryCorps interview to learn more about that time in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The project was co-sponsored by the California State University, Fresno Office of the President, the College of Arts and Humanities, the College of Social Sciences and Valley Public Radio\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11362137/how-sign-language-and-a-chance-meeting-forged-a-35-year-friendship","authors":["11260"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_20689","news_20676","news_885","news_279","news_312","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11362210","label":"news_72"},"news_36648":{"type":"posts","id":"news_36648","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"36648","score":null,"sort":[1313077131000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"central-valley-poet-gets-national-honor","title":"Updated: Central Valley Poet Gets National Honor","publishDate":1313077131,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_36658\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/levine081011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-36658\" title=\"levine081011\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/levine081011-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"Philip Levine gives a reading in New York. David Shankbone/Wikimedia\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Levine gives a reading in New York. David Shankbone/Wikimedia\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UPDATED: Listen to an extended version of Rachael Myrow's interview with new US poet laureate, Fresno State's Philip Levine. An edited version aired on this morning's \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201108110850/b\">The California Report\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio:http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/000951a9.mp3|titles=Interview-Levine]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-simple-truth/\">The Simple Truth\u003c/a>: Philip Levine, a longtime poetry professor at Fresno State University, has been named \u003ca href=\"http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2011/11-143.html\">the country's next poet laureate\u003c/a>. The Central Valley resident will take the baton, or pen, from \u003ca href=\"http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/123\">W.S. Merwin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a one year position for the 83-year-old who has won many of poetry's top prizes. The Fresno Bee has \u003ca href=\"http://www.bostonherald.com/entertainment/arts_culture/view.bg?&articleid=1357712&format=&page=1&listingType=arts#articleFull\">a great story\u003c/a> with Levine talking about the honor, which he had reportedly been considered for in past years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Actually, because of my age, I just assumed that I had been found wanting some years ago,\" Levine said Tuesday with a typical dose of self-deprecation. \"I didn’t even think about it much.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job description includes giving an annual lecture, introducing poets in the library’s annual poetry series and raising \"the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It does not involve actually writing any poems, a common misconception that again brings up a lighthearted Levine riff. \"I don’t know if they’d want me writing for official events,\" Levine said. \"A poem to Congress? No, thank you.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The story goes on to talk about his ties to Fresno:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Levine was born in Detroit and started teaching at Fresno State in 1958. The university didn’t even have a creative writing program at the time. His close friend and fellow poet Peter Everwine, who taught with Levine for many years, said the poet laureate designation is a significant honor for Levine that caps a long and distinguished career. And it means more bragging rights for the university.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Besides bragging rights, Levine has inspired and mentored countless young poets at Fresno State. One of Levine's recent students, \u003ca href=\"http://mfafresno.wordpress.com/2011/07/26/kudos-sasha-pimentel-chacon/\">Sasha Pimentel Chacon\u003c/a>, was named a winner of the American Book Award last month for her first poetry collection, \u003cem>Insides She Swallowed\u003c/em>. She is one in a long line of Levine's former students at Fresno State who have won national poetry awards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomorrow morning, on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/\">California Report\u003c/a> you can hear a conversation between Levine and host Rachael Myrow about his poetry, the Central Valley and becoming the next poet laureate. Tune in at 6:50 or 8:50 AM for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can't wait, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4286683\">here \u003c/a>is an NPR profile of Levine from 2005, when his collection \u003cem>Breathe: Poems\u003c/em>, was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also listen to \u003ca href=\"http://writersalmanac.publicradio.org/author.php?auth_id=1259\">Garrison Keillor reading some of Levine's poems\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP \u003ca href=\"http://www.fredericksburg.com/News/FLS/2006/062006/06052006/195947\">ran a poetic article\u003c/a> about Levine and his attachment and interest in Fresno back in 2006.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1602906105,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":492},"headData":{"title":"Updated: Central Valley Poet Gets National Honor | KQED","description":"UPDATED: Listen to an extended version of Rachael Myrow's interview with new US poet laureate, Fresno State's Philip Levine. An edited version aired on this morning's The California Report. The Simple Truth: Philip Levine, a longtime poetry professor at Fresno State University, has been named the country's next poet laureate. The Central Valley resident","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"36648 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=36648","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/08/11/central-valley-poet-gets-national-honor/","disqusTitle":"Updated: Central Valley Poet Gets National Honor","audioUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2011/08/000951a9.mp3","path":"/news/36648/central-valley-poet-gets-national-honor","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_36658\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/levine081011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-36658\" title=\"levine081011\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/levine081011-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"Philip Levine gives a reading in New York. David Shankbone/Wikimedia\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Levine gives a reading in New York. David Shankbone/Wikimedia\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UPDATED: Listen to an extended version of Rachael Myrow's interview with new US poet laureate, Fresno State's Philip Levine. An edited version aired on this morning's \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201108110850/b\">The California Report\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"label":":http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/000951a9.mp3|titles=Interview-Levine"},"numeric":[":http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/08/000951a9.mp3|titles=Interview-Levine"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-simple-truth/\">The Simple Truth\u003c/a>: Philip Levine, a longtime poetry professor at Fresno State University, has been named \u003ca href=\"http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2011/11-143.html\">the country's next poet laureate\u003c/a>. The Central Valley resident will take the baton, or pen, from \u003ca href=\"http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/123\">W.S. Merwin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a one year position for the 83-year-old who has won many of poetry's top prizes. The Fresno Bee has \u003ca href=\"http://www.bostonherald.com/entertainment/arts_culture/view.bg?&articleid=1357712&format=&page=1&listingType=arts#articleFull\">a great story\u003c/a> with Levine talking about the honor, which he had reportedly been considered for in past years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Actually, because of my age, I just assumed that I had been found wanting some years ago,\" Levine said Tuesday with a typical dose of self-deprecation. \"I didn’t even think about it much.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job description includes giving an annual lecture, introducing poets in the library’s annual poetry series and raising \"the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It does not involve actually writing any poems, a common misconception that again brings up a lighthearted Levine riff. \"I don’t know if they’d want me writing for official events,\" Levine said. \"A poem to Congress? No, thank you.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The story goes on to talk about his ties to Fresno:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Levine was born in Detroit and started teaching at Fresno State in 1958. The university didn’t even have a creative writing program at the time. His close friend and fellow poet Peter Everwine, who taught with Levine for many years, said the poet laureate designation is a significant honor for Levine that caps a long and distinguished career. And it means more bragging rights for the university.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Besides bragging rights, Levine has inspired and mentored countless young poets at Fresno State. One of Levine's recent students, \u003ca href=\"http://mfafresno.wordpress.com/2011/07/26/kudos-sasha-pimentel-chacon/\">Sasha Pimentel Chacon\u003c/a>, was named a winner of the American Book Award last month for her first poetry collection, \u003cem>Insides She Swallowed\u003c/em>. She is one in a long line of Levine's former students at Fresno State who have won national poetry awards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomorrow morning, on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/\">California Report\u003c/a> you can hear a conversation between Levine and host Rachael Myrow about his poetry, the Central Valley and becoming the next poet laureate. Tune in at 6:50 or 8:50 AM for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can't wait, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4286683\">here \u003c/a>is an NPR profile of Levine from 2005, when his collection \u003cem>Breathe: Poems\u003c/em>, was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also listen to \u003ca href=\"http://writersalmanac.publicradio.org/author.php?auth_id=1259\">Garrison Keillor reading some of Levine's poems\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP \u003ca href=\"http://www.fredericksburg.com/News/FLS/2006/062006/06052006/195947\">ran a poetic article\u003c/a> about Levine and his attachment and interest in Fresno back in 2006.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/36648/central-valley-poet-gets-national-honor","authors":["252","251"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_223"],"tags":["news_279","news_1769","news_1222","news_2011"],"featImg":"news_11842739","label":"news_72"},"news_6658":{"type":"posts","id":"news_6658","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"6658","score":null,"sort":[1290454756000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"steve-li-back-in-san-francisco-press-conference-scheduled-for-tomorrow","title":"DREAM Act at Issue in Steve Li, Pedro Ramirez Cases","publishDate":1290454756,"format":"aside","headTitle":"DREAM Act at Issue in Steve Li, Pedro Ramirez Cases | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.asianlawcaucus.org/\">Asian Law Caucus\u003c/a>, which has been active in organizing against the deportation of City College of San Francisco student Steve Li, says that Li is back in San Francisco today and making the rounds to thank those who have worked on his behalf. He is planning to hold a press conference tomorrow at noon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After spending a couple of months being \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2010/11/12/city-college-student-steve-li-detained-by-ice-awaits-final-dispensation/\">detained\u003c/a> by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for being in the country illegally, Li was \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/11/20/BADO1GF17V.DTL\">\u003cstrong>freed this weekend\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> after Sen. Dianne Feinstein introduced a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_bill\">private bill\u003c/a> to delay his deportation until after Congress considers the \u003ca href=\"http://dreamact.info/\">DREAM Act\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE spokeswoman Virginia Kice told the San Francisco Chronicle that “Mr. Li’s removal has been stayed, and the stay will remain in effect for 75 days after the end of the Congress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DREAM Act, which Harry Reid has said he would \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-11-18/reid-to-seek-senate-votes-by-year-end-on-immigration-law-military-gay-ban.html\">call to a vote\u003c/a> by year’s end, would allow certain deportable students to obtain \u003ca href=\"http://dreamact.info/faq/1#1n5252\">conditional permanent residency\u003c/a>, good for six years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, at Fresno State, where last week student body president Pedro Ramirez was \u003ca href=\"http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Education/2010/1117/Fresno-State-student-president-outed-as-illegal-immigrant.-Does-it-matter\">outed\u003c/a> as an undocumented immigrant, a pro-Dream Act \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/2010/11/19/2166355/500-gather-for-dream-act-rally.html\">rally was held\u003c/a> on Friday. Here’s an AP \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPrHJH-jHwA\">video\u003c/a> of the rally featuring Ramirez speaking, as well as someone calling for him to step down as president. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1685496383,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":222},"headData":{"title":"DREAM Act at Issue in Steve Li, Pedro Ramirez Cases | KQED","description":"The Asian Law Caucus, which has been active in organizing against the deportation of City College of San Francisco student Steve Li, says that Li is back in San Francisco today and making the rounds to thank those who have worked on his behalf. He is planning to hold a press conference tomorrow at noon.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/6658/steve-li-back-in-san-francisco-press-conference-scheduled-for-tomorrow","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.asianlawcaucus.org/\">Asian Law Caucus\u003c/a>, which has been active in organizing against the deportation of City College of San Francisco student Steve Li, says that Li is back in San Francisco today and making the rounds to thank those who have worked on his behalf. He is planning to hold a press conference tomorrow at noon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After spending a couple of months being \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2010/11/12/city-college-student-steve-li-detained-by-ice-awaits-final-dispensation/\">detained\u003c/a> by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for being in the country illegally, Li was \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/11/20/BADO1GF17V.DTL\">\u003cstrong>freed this weekend\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> after Sen. Dianne Feinstein introduced a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_bill\">private bill\u003c/a> to delay his deportation until after Congress considers the \u003ca href=\"http://dreamact.info/\">DREAM Act\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE spokeswoman Virginia Kice told the San Francisco Chronicle that “Mr. Li’s removal has been stayed, and the stay will remain in effect for 75 days after the end of the Congress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DREAM Act, which Harry Reid has said he would \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-11-18/reid-to-seek-senate-votes-by-year-end-on-immigration-law-military-gay-ban.html\">call to a vote\u003c/a> by year’s end, would allow certain deportable students to obtain \u003ca href=\"http://dreamact.info/faq/1#1n5252\">conditional permanent residency\u003c/a>, good for six years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, at Fresno State, where last week student body president Pedro Ramirez was \u003ca href=\"http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Education/2010/1117/Fresno-State-student-president-outed-as-illegal-immigrant.-Does-it-matter\">outed\u003c/a> as an undocumented immigrant, a pro-Dream Act \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/2010/11/19/2166355/500-gather-for-dream-act-rally.html\">rally was held\u003c/a> on Friday. Here’s an AP \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPrHJH-jHwA\">video\u003c/a> of the rally featuring Ramirez speaking, as well as someone calling for him to step down as president. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/6658/steve-li-back-in-san-francisco-press-conference-scheduled-for-tomorrow","authors":["80"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_278","news_279","news_280","news_239","news_98"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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