With Climate Change, What Will Happen to the Bay Area’s Fog?
'Regular' Ol' Bay Area Fog or Tule Fog?
SF State Saves FogCam, Internet's Longest-Running Webcam, After it Almost Shuts Down
The End Is Nigh For FogCam, Billed As The Internet's Oldest Running Webcam
Think Globally, Shiver Locally
A Very Bay Area Summertime
How the Bay Area's Fog Came to Be Named Karl
Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer
Did You See It?
Sponsored
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She loves writing stories about climate change, environmental issues, food and agriculture. She's reported across the country, from Colorado to Washington D.C. to Illinois, and has won numerous awards for her coverage. Her work is regularly featured on national broadcasts, including NPR’s Morning Edition, All Things Considered, PBS Newshour and Science Friday. She lives in Oakland and has an avocado tree in her back yard.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bcf89e3455ff7235f96ab6fa7258dd95?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"DanaHCronin","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dana Cronin | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bcf89e3455ff7235f96ab6fa7258dd95?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bcf89e3455ff7235f96ab6fa7258dd95?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dcronin"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11968495":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11968495","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11968495","score":null,"sort":[1701342016000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"with-climate-change-what-will-happen-to-the-bay-areas-fog","title":"With Climate Change, What Will Happen to the Bay Area’s Fog?","publishDate":1701342016,"format":"audio","headTitle":"With Climate Change, What Will Happen to the Bay Area’s Fog? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any San Franciscan knows the complex relationship between the city and its pervasive companion — fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I both love and get frustrated by the fog,” said long-time resident and Bay Curious listener Lily Drexler. “I appreciate how it freshens the air and changes things up. But when there is fog for weeks on end with no break, that does get frustrating.” [baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drexler is getting ready to put down roots in San Francisco and is starting to look at real estate options in different neighborhoods around the city. But before she does so, she has one big question: what’s going to happen to fog in the future?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to get more foggy as the sun bakes the ocean and creates the moisture, if that’s how fog works? Or is the heat and the warming of the planet going to decrease the fog?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where should a fog-averse city dweller choose to settle down? And, more broadly, what would a future look like with less fog? How do we rely on fog now in the Bay Area and how might its absence change us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turns out, the answer to Drexler’s question is not simple or straightforward. There’s a shroud of mystery surrounding fog — much like the phenomenon itself — that has scientists unsure of what the future may hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC1678544124\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Special Thing to Study’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even the basic definition of fog is not widely agreed upon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a few ways to define fog and they’re somewhat overlapping, which kind of illustrates the complication when trying to define something like fog,” said \u003ca href=\"https://csumb.edu/fernandezlab/\">Daniel Fernandez\u003c/a>, an environmental studies professor at CSU Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fernandez, in order to be considered “fog,” this weather phenomenon must have three things:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Air must consist of tiny water droplets between one and 50 microns — thinner than a piece of hair.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There must be enough of those tiny droplets that it impede our ability to see beyond a kilometer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fog is a cloud that is in contact with the ground.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In order for that cocktail of ingredients to come together, there must be a temperature gradient over a given area. The cool ocean air and hot Central Valley, for example, is conducive to fog formation. (Bay Curious explained this phenomenon in detail in our episode: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find fog mysterious, fascinating, scary and exciting,” Fernandez said. “I think that’s part of what makes it such a special thing to study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez has been studying fog for over a decade. It started with him wondering whether he could catch fog — as in, pull it out of the air and collect it as a liquid. It turns out you can. He now has dozens of fog collectors deployed all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11968539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands in a field examining a tall black mesh screen that has been mounted onto a frame . \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Daniel Fernandez examines one of his ‘fog collecting’ screens. On a very foggy day, one of these screens can trap up to 9 gallons of water vapor. \u003ccite>(Dana Cronin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re essentially big, 4-by-10-foot pieces of mesh reaching into the sky with troughs underneath. The water vapor collects on the mesh and trickles down. The trough feeds into a bucket that contains a data logger, so Fernandez can keep track of how much water each one has collected — as much as nine gallons of water in one day, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that’s not nearly enough to offset California’s water shortage during drought years, that water could help farmers with irrigation or assist with state reforestation efforts, Fernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fog collectors haven’t been established long enough for Fernandez to determine whether there’s been an increase or decrease in fog over time. And given the complex set of conditions surrounding it, fog is a difficult thing to predict. It can’t be forecasted in the same way that rain can be. And that’s why there’s some disagreement in the fog science community over how climate change is impacting fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Fernandez said, there is a small cadre of scientists who believe that fog is on the decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the whole, I think that we’re going to probably be seeing less fog, in general, and that we are currently seeing less than we may have seen a generation ago,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0915062107\">studies have shown\u003c/a> that, since the 1950s, fog has declined about 30% during the summertime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez emphasized there’s still a lot of uncertainty in the fog science community. For example, that 30% decline could come from the fact that a lot of cities have cleaned up their air since the 1950s, so these tiny droplets of water vapor have fewer particulates to cling to. In other words, perhaps there’s less of it not because of climate change but because of improving air quality standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies completely contradict that. At least one used observational notes from ships off the coast of California to suggest fog is getting heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, according to Dan, there’s some level of consensus that fog is on the decline. And, if true, there would be consequences here in northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What Less Fog Would Mean for Northern California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We rely on fog in all kinds of ways, both big and small. One big way is to help us grow food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A half mile from the ocean in Watsonville, Rod Koda grows strawberries on 15 acres of land. His farm, \u003ca href=\"https://www.skberries.com/\">Shinta Kawahara Company\u003c/a>, thrives on fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here along the coast with the fog, the temperatures are cooler, so the berries ripen slower and get more sugar content,” he said on a recent foggy day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In warmer parts of California where strawberries are grown, like Salinas and Gilroy, strawberries ripen more quickly. One heat wave and the berries have to be picked immediately. Whereas, thanks to the fog, Koda has more flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fog even helps with simple tasks, like laying down plastic in preparation for planting strawberries, which Koda’s crew is working on the day I visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It comes out really nice because the dirt is a little softer,” Koda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11968541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a denim shirt and dusty jeans smiles warmly at the camera while standing in a plowed dirt agricultural field. A green tractor can be seen in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rod Koda, owner of the Shinta Kawahara Company, grows strawberries in Watsonville, CA. He says fog helps his berries grow slower and sweeter. \u003ccite>(Dana Cronin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to temperature, strawberries also rely on the moisture from fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Strawberry crops have greater water use efficiency during fog events compared to non-foggy periods,” said \u003ca href=\"https://environment.sfsu.edu/person/sara-baguskas\">Sara Baguskas\u003c/a>, an environmental professor at San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baguskas \u003ca href=\"https://environment.sfsu.edu/sites/default/files/2022-05/Baguskas-etal-Coastal-low-cloudiness-and-fog-increase-WUE-of-crops-AFM-2018.pdf\">conducted research in Salinas Valley\u003c/a> to find out how strawberry plants interact with fog. Ultimately, she found that strawberries don’t need as much water when it’s foggy and that they use sunlight more efficiently on foggy days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though the total amount of light that’s used by plants is lower like it’s dimmer, the photons are scattered, and so more of the leaves are engaged in photosynthesis in the plant,” Baguskas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koda has noticed that on his farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We typically have fog in July and August, and usually our volume is up during those times,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hasn’t really noticed any major changes in the fog patterns in the decades he’s been farming. Every year feels different, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a future without fog, farmers like Koda would have to compensate. In the future, growing strawberries could require more water, and some farmers might not have the same flexibility they have now when it comes to harvesting. And, for us consumers, the berries might be less tasty and more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are other ways the disappearance of fog would fundamentally change the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953504/the-bay-areas-famous-redwood-trees-are-struggling\">Redwood trees\u003c/a>, for example, are natural fog catchers. They essentially drink it in, relying on it for survival. It’s why they’re unique here to Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many other species rely on fog, too, including manzanita trees and even certain types of lizards. That can have a ripple effect throughout an ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because when one element of an ecosystem is impacted, how does that affect others?” said fog scientist Dan Fernandez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fog may even protect us from wildfires to some extent. The moisture it provides acts as a fire retardant and without it, Fernandez said many more areas would be susceptible to megafires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without fog, life in the Bay Area will change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11968559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-800x842.jpg\" alt=\"Two people stand silhouetted on a cement walkway while the Golden Gate Bridge is just barely visible through thick fog in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"842\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-800x842.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-1020x1074.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-160x168.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-1459x1536.jpg 1459w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617.jpg 1702w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Real Estate of it All\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In short, there’s no straightforward answer to Bay Curious listener Lily Drexler’s question about fog and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s some straightforward advice about what to look for in real estate: buy in a neighborhood that you can see yourself living in now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s of concern to people, I would literally counsel them and say this house is going to be in the fog. If it’s a problem, then we probably need to look elsewhere,” said Alexander Clark, owner of \u003ca href=\"https://thefrontsteps.com/\">Front Steps Real Estate\u003c/a> in San Francisco, who has written about this topic before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clark said while he’s no fog scientist and doesn’t know what will happen in the future, his advice for a fog-averse house hunter is to focus your search on sunny neighborhoods. Though, he warns, those tend to be pricier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether or not you want to live in the fog is a critical consideration, he said. “It’s a pretty important thing for people to know because it definitely affects people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lily Drexler grew up in San Francisco. And as anyone who lives in San Francisco can relate to… she has a complicated relationship with fog.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I both love and get frustrated by the fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the one hand…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I appreciate how it freshens the air. I appreciate how it changes things up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, it can get old.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When there is fog for, you know, a week, weeks on end with no break, that does get frustrating.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I feel you, Lily. Lily rents in the Richmond district right now… and she’s thinking of settling down in San Francisco more permanently, maybe even investing in some real estate. But before she does that, she has some questions about fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Is it going to get more foggy as the sun bakes the ocean and creates the moisture, if that’s how fog works? Or is it going to get less? Is the heat and the warming of the planet going to decrease the fog?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As climate change alters everything in our region … where does that leave fog? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where should a fog-averse city dweller settle down? We’re going to answer that question … but we’re also going to zoom out and look at fog’s future in the Bay Area at large. How do we rely on fog now…and how might its absence change us? I’m Olivia Allen Price and you’re listening to Bay Curious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message from Sierra Nevada Brewing Company\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What does the future of the Bay Area’s fog look like, Lily Drexler asked Bay Curious… We sent reporter Dana Cronin out to get some insight…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Curious music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s a foggy day in Monterey. At least, I thought it was.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fog literally has to be at ground level. So I would call this low cloud, which might become fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is fog expert Dan Fernandez. He’s a professor at CSU Monterey Bay. As you can tell… I have a lot to learn about fog before I try to answer Lily’s questions. And Dan’s gonna help me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He’s been studying fog for more than a decade. Before he studied it, he was an electrical engineer and worked on measuring ocean surface currents. He thought about fog from time to time. But his real fascination with it came to him during a meditation retreat. He says he was sitting there meditating. It was a hot day. And he was thirsty. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And of course when you’re meditating, minds go all sorts of places and this is where my mind went, went into water and then fog.\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More specifically, he wondered whether he could catch fog… as in pull it out of the air and collect it as a liquid. Turns out… you can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So this is one of ten of the larger fog collectors that I and a class of mine deployed here back in spring 2018.\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We’re standing next to a fog collector. It’s basically a big, 4-by-10 piece of mesh reaching into the sky with a trough underneath. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So fog hits here on all of them, drips down, runs down this trough. And you can see birds visited, too. Even though I have bird spikes there, the water runs into the rain gauge. It goes through the rain gauge. It’s recorded here. And I have a data logger in there that records all the volume of water going through\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because it’s apparently not a foggy day today… there’s no water in the buckets. But when it’s SUPER foggy, Dan says he’s collected as much as nine gallons in one day. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You might wonder what the point is of catching this fog. Could it be enough to help offset California’s water shortage during drought years, for example?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s certainly not enough for us to consume the amount of water we consume\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, no. But, Dan says, it could help farmers with irrigation. Or provide water for reforestation… which Dan’s fog collectors are working on now. He hasn’t had them set up for long enough to figure out whether there’s been more or less fog over time. And he says that question… how climate change is impacting fog… isn’t that simple. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s no general consensus in the science community about what will happen to fog in the future. In fact, they can hardly agree on how to define it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s a few ways to define fog and there’s somewhat overlapping, which kind of illustrates the sort of the complication when trying to define something like fog.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Dan, for something to be considered “fog,” it needs to have three things. One:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So fog consists of water, tiny little droplets that vary in size between one-micron diameter spheres and 50-micron diameter spheres. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your hair is about 100 microns. So these water droplets are thinner than that… so thin that they float in the air. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But there have to be enough of these droplets to impede our visibility to be less than one kilometer. Then it’s defined as fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you can see beyond one kilometer, then it’s considered mist — NOT fog. And thirdly…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog is a cloud that’s in contact with the ground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, fog has to hover near the ground, it has to limit our visibility to one kilometer… and it consists of droplets between one and 50 microns. Simple, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And for that cocktail of ingredients to come together and form fog… we need a temperature gradient, as in something warm and something cool, like the cool ocean and the hot Central Valley, for example. As cool ocean air reaches land and warms up, it condenses and forms fog. It’s a complex phenomenon! But that’s why Dan likes it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I find fog mysterious, fascinating, it can be scary and exciting. It’s all of those. I think that’s part of what makes it such a special thing to study.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it also makes it a difficult thing to study… and to predict. You can’t forecast it the same way you can forecast rain and thunderstorms. And that’s why scientists don’t know exactly how climate change is impacting fog. But Dan says they have an idea… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, on the whole, I think that we’re going to probably be seeing less fog in general and that we have that we are currently seeing less than we may have seen a generation ago.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some studies have shown that since the 1950’s fog has declined about 30% during the summertime. But Dan says there’s still a lot of uncertainty in the fog science community. For example… that decline could come from the fact that a lot of cities have cleaned up their air since the 50s… so fog has fewer particulates to cling to. Meaning, perhaps there’s less of it not because of climate change — but because of changing air quality standards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And some studies completely contradict that… at least one used observational notes from ships off the coast of California to suggest fog is getting heavier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, according to Dan, there’s some level of consensus that fog is on the decline. And if that’s true… there would be consequences here in northern California. Because, as it turns out, we rely on fog in all kinds of ways — both big and small. I’m gonna walk you through a few of them. Starting with something we’re known for. Our food. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape): \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a very foggy day on the farm here. Wow. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No, for real this time. I’m at Shinta Kawahara Company farm in Watsonville, about a half mile from the ocean. I’m meeting up with farm owner Rod Koda.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape):\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Can you usually see the ocean from here? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. We’re in the Monterey Bay. Um, on a nice day, I could see Pacific Grove and all the way to Santa Cruz. But not today. We got fog. It’s nice. Perfect. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rod grows strawberries. Today his crew is preparing for planting… using a tractor to lay down plastic to protect the strawberries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tractor sounds\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rod says the fog is actually helping this process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It comes out really nice because it’s last that the dirt is a little softer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And it helps in other ways too. Rod says in other parts of California where strawberries are grown… like Salinas and Gilroy… it’s warmer, and the berries ripen more quickly. One heat wave and the berries have to be picked immediately. Whereas, thanks to the fog, Rod has more flexibility.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here along the coast with the fog. The temperatures are cooler, which the berries ripen slower and get more sugar content.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape): \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So you’re saying they’re better strawberries along the coast with the fog influence or, well, tastier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exactly\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to temperature… strawberries also rely on the moisture from fog… says environmental professor Sara Baguskas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sara Baguskas: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We learned that strawberry crops have greater water use efficiency during fog events compared to non-foggy periods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That basically means that strawberries don’t need as much water when it’s foggy. Sara’s team also found that the strawberry plants use sunlight more efficiently when it’s foggy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sara Baguskas: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though the total amount of light that’s used by plants is lower, it’s like dimmer, but the photons are scattered and so more of the leaves are engaged in photosynthesis in the plant. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So basically, when it’s foggy, strawberry plants are more productive and need less water. Rod has noticed that on his farm. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We typically have fog in July and August. And usually our volume is up during those times.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He says he hasn’t really noticed any major changes in the fog patterns in the decades he’s been farming. Every year feels different, he says. But if what fog scientist Dan Fernandez said is true, and there won’t be as much of it in the future, farmers like Rod might have to compensate. In the future, growing strawberries could require more water… and farmers might not have as much flexibility around when they harvest as they do now. And for us consumers… the berries might be less tasty and more expensive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Besides strawberries… there are many other ways the disappearance of fog could impact the Bay Area. So many of our ecosystems here rely on it —todd both for moisture and for the cooler temperatures. Redwood trees, for example, are natural fog catchers… they basically drink it and need it to survive. It’s why they’re unique here to Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog scientist Dan Fernandez says there are many other species that rely on it, too… including manzanita trees and even some types of lizards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And so when one element of an ecosystem is impacted, how does that affect others?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog may even protect us to some extent from wildfires. The moisture it provides acts as a fire retardant… and without it, Dan says many more areas would be susceptible to megafires. Overall… the loss of fog would fundamentally change the Bay Area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music ends\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OK Dana, but there’s one part of Lily’s question that’s still missing… where should she invest in property?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well… like I said in the story, fog is really hard to predict. There isn’t a neighborhood-by-neighborhood projection of what its future looks like in San Francisco. But… I did reach out to a real estate agent to get their take on the situation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Clark:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A lot of my clients ask me like, So what’s the fog like with what are you going to do? And luckily, I know a lot about like the weather and just all the patterns and wind and which side of the street’s better…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is Alex Clark, owner of Front Steps Real Estate in San Francisco. He told me fog is a really important thing to factor in when buying property. And while he’s no fog scientist… and doesn’t know what will happen in the future… he says the most important thing is to buy in a neighborhood that you can see yourself living in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">now. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Clark:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If it’s of concern to people, I would literally counsel them and say this house is going to be in the fog. If it’s a problem, then we probably need to look elsewhere.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, that’s something! Good luck in your search, Lily.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That story was reported by KQED’s Dana Cronin. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next week, our December Bay Curious newsletter goes out. We ventured to a Christmas Tree Farm in Petaluma to learn about the year-round work that goes into growing the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">perfect\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tree. It’s part of our unusual jobs series in the newsletter. Be sure you’re subscribed at baycurious.org/newsletter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. Our show is produced \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and myself. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the whole KQED Family. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a wonderful week.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Climate change could be causing a decrease in our coastal fog. That's welcome news to some, but fog is more important that you might think. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704231484,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":130,"wordCount":4208},"headData":{"title":"With Climate Change, What Will Happen to the Bay Area’s Fog? | KQED","description":"Climate change could be causing a decrease in our coastal fog. That's welcome news to some, but fog is more important that you might think. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://baycurious.org/","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC1678544124.mp3?updated=1701283981","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11968495/with-climate-change-what-will-happen-to-the-bay-areas-fog","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any San Franciscan knows the complex relationship between the city and its pervasive companion — fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I both love and get frustrated by the fog,” said long-time resident and Bay Curious listener Lily Drexler. “I appreciate how it freshens the air and changes things up. But when there is fog for weeks on end with no break, that does get frustrating.” \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drexler is getting ready to put down roots in San Francisco and is starting to look at real estate options in different neighborhoods around the city. But before she does so, she has one big question: what’s going to happen to fog in the future?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to get more foggy as the sun bakes the ocean and creates the moisture, if that’s how fog works? Or is the heat and the warming of the planet going to decrease the fog?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where should a fog-averse city dweller choose to settle down? And, more broadly, what would a future look like with less fog? How do we rely on fog now in the Bay Area and how might its absence change us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turns out, the answer to Drexler’s question is not simple or straightforward. There’s a shroud of mystery surrounding fog — much like the phenomenon itself — that has scientists unsure of what the future may hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC1678544124\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Special Thing to Study’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even the basic definition of fog is not widely agreed upon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a few ways to define fog and they’re somewhat overlapping, which kind of illustrates the complication when trying to define something like fog,” said \u003ca href=\"https://csumb.edu/fernandezlab/\">Daniel Fernandez\u003c/a>, an environmental studies professor at CSU Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fernandez, in order to be considered “fog,” this weather phenomenon must have three things:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Air must consist of tiny water droplets between one and 50 microns — thinner than a piece of hair.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There must be enough of those tiny droplets that it impede our ability to see beyond a kilometer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fog is a cloud that is in contact with the ground.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In order for that cocktail of ingredients to come together, there must be a temperature gradient over a given area. The cool ocean air and hot Central Valley, for example, is conducive to fog formation. (Bay Curious explained this phenomenon in detail in our episode: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find fog mysterious, fascinating, scary and exciting,” Fernandez said. “I think that’s part of what makes it such a special thing to study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez has been studying fog for over a decade. It started with him wondering whether he could catch fog — as in, pull it out of the air and collect it as a liquid. It turns out you can. He now has dozens of fog collectors deployed all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11968539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands in a field examining a tall black mesh screen that has been mounted onto a frame . \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6607-scaled-e1701215304411.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Daniel Fernandez examines one of his ‘fog collecting’ screens. On a very foggy day, one of these screens can trap up to 9 gallons of water vapor. \u003ccite>(Dana Cronin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re essentially big, 4-by-10-foot pieces of mesh reaching into the sky with troughs underneath. The water vapor collects on the mesh and trickles down. The trough feeds into a bucket that contains a data logger, so Fernandez can keep track of how much water each one has collected — as much as nine gallons of water in one day, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that’s not nearly enough to offset California’s water shortage during drought years, that water could help farmers with irrigation or assist with state reforestation efforts, Fernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fog collectors haven’t been established long enough for Fernandez to determine whether there’s been an increase or decrease in fog over time. And given the complex set of conditions surrounding it, fog is a difficult thing to predict. It can’t be forecasted in the same way that rain can be. And that’s why there’s some disagreement in the fog science community over how climate change is impacting fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Fernandez said, there is a small cadre of scientists who believe that fog is on the decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the whole, I think that we’re going to probably be seeing less fog, in general, and that we are currently seeing less than we may have seen a generation ago,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0915062107\">studies have shown\u003c/a> that, since the 1950s, fog has declined about 30% during the summertime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez emphasized there’s still a lot of uncertainty in the fog science community. For example, that 30% decline could come from the fact that a lot of cities have cleaned up their air since the 1950s, so these tiny droplets of water vapor have fewer particulates to cling to. In other words, perhaps there’s less of it not because of climate change but because of improving air quality standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies completely contradict that. At least one used observational notes from ships off the coast of California to suggest fog is getting heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, according to Dan, there’s some level of consensus that fog is on the decline. And, if true, there would be consequences here in northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What Less Fog Would Mean for Northern California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We rely on fog in all kinds of ways, both big and small. One big way is to help us grow food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A half mile from the ocean in Watsonville, Rod Koda grows strawberries on 15 acres of land. His farm, \u003ca href=\"https://www.skberries.com/\">Shinta Kawahara Company\u003c/a>, thrives on fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here along the coast with the fog, the temperatures are cooler, so the berries ripen slower and get more sugar content,” he said on a recent foggy day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In warmer parts of California where strawberries are grown, like Salinas and Gilroy, strawberries ripen more quickly. One heat wave and the berries have to be picked immediately. Whereas, thanks to the fog, Koda has more flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fog even helps with simple tasks, like laying down plastic in preparation for planting strawberries, which Koda’s crew is working on the day I visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It comes out really nice because the dirt is a little softer,” Koda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11968541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a denim shirt and dusty jeans smiles warmly at the camera while standing in a plowed dirt agricultural field. A green tractor can be seen in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/IMG_6582-scaled-e1701215326711.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rod Koda, owner of the Shinta Kawahara Company, grows strawberries in Watsonville, CA. He says fog helps his berries grow slower and sweeter. \u003ccite>(Dana Cronin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to temperature, strawberries also rely on the moisture from fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Strawberry crops have greater water use efficiency during fog events compared to non-foggy periods,” said \u003ca href=\"https://environment.sfsu.edu/person/sara-baguskas\">Sara Baguskas\u003c/a>, an environmental professor at San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baguskas \u003ca href=\"https://environment.sfsu.edu/sites/default/files/2022-05/Baguskas-etal-Coastal-low-cloudiness-and-fog-increase-WUE-of-crops-AFM-2018.pdf\">conducted research in Salinas Valley\u003c/a> to find out how strawberry plants interact with fog. Ultimately, she found that strawberries don’t need as much water when it’s foggy and that they use sunlight more efficiently on foggy days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though the total amount of light that’s used by plants is lower like it’s dimmer, the photons are scattered, and so more of the leaves are engaged in photosynthesis in the plant,” Baguskas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koda has noticed that on his farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We typically have fog in July and August, and usually our volume is up during those times,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hasn’t really noticed any major changes in the fog patterns in the decades he’s been farming. Every year feels different, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a future without fog, farmers like Koda would have to compensate. In the future, growing strawberries could require more water, and some farmers might not have the same flexibility they have now when it comes to harvesting. And, for us consumers, the berries might be less tasty and more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are other ways the disappearance of fog would fundamentally change the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953504/the-bay-areas-famous-redwood-trees-are-struggling\">Redwood trees\u003c/a>, for example, are natural fog catchers. They essentially drink it in, relying on it for survival. It’s why they’re unique here to Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many other species rely on fog, too, including manzanita trees and even certain types of lizards. That can have a ripple effect throughout an ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because when one element of an ecosystem is impacted, how does that affect others?” said fog scientist Dan Fernandez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fog may even protect us from wildfires to some extent. The moisture it provides acts as a fire retardant and without it, Fernandez said many more areas would be susceptible to megafires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without fog, life in the Bay Area will change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11968559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-800x842.jpg\" alt=\"Two people stand silhouetted on a cement walkway while the Golden Gate Bridge is just barely visible through thick fog in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"842\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-800x842.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-1020x1074.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-160x168.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617-1459x1536.jpg 1459w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/BRIDGE_006-qut-scaled-e1701217012617.jpg 1702w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Real Estate of it All\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In short, there’s no straightforward answer to Bay Curious listener Lily Drexler’s question about fog and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s some straightforward advice about what to look for in real estate: buy in a neighborhood that you can see yourself living in now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s of concern to people, I would literally counsel them and say this house is going to be in the fog. If it’s a problem, then we probably need to look elsewhere,” said Alexander Clark, owner of \u003ca href=\"https://thefrontsteps.com/\">Front Steps Real Estate\u003c/a> in San Francisco, who has written about this topic before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clark said while he’s no fog scientist and doesn’t know what will happen in the future, his advice for a fog-averse house hunter is to focus your search on sunny neighborhoods. Though, he warns, those tend to be pricier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether or not you want to live in the fog is a critical consideration, he said. “It’s a pretty important thing for people to know because it definitely affects people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lily Drexler grew up in San Francisco. And as anyone who lives in San Francisco can relate to… she has a complicated relationship with fog.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I both love and get frustrated by the fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the one hand…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I appreciate how it freshens the air. I appreciate how it changes things up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, it can get old.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When there is fog for, you know, a week, weeks on end with no break, that does get frustrating.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I feel you, Lily. Lily rents in the Richmond district right now… and she’s thinking of settling down in San Francisco more permanently, maybe even investing in some real estate. But before she does that, she has some questions about fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lily Drexler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Is it going to get more foggy as the sun bakes the ocean and creates the moisture, if that’s how fog works? Or is it going to get less? Is the heat and the warming of the planet going to decrease the fog?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As climate change alters everything in our region … where does that leave fog? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where should a fog-averse city dweller settle down? We’re going to answer that question … but we’re also going to zoom out and look at fog’s future in the Bay Area at large. How do we rely on fog now…and how might its absence change us? I’m Olivia Allen Price and you’re listening to Bay Curious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message from Sierra Nevada Brewing Company\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What does the future of the Bay Area’s fog look like, Lily Drexler asked Bay Curious… We sent reporter Dana Cronin out to get some insight…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Curious music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s a foggy day in Monterey. At least, I thought it was.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fog literally has to be at ground level. So I would call this low cloud, which might become fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is fog expert Dan Fernandez. He’s a professor at CSU Monterey Bay. As you can tell… I have a lot to learn about fog before I try to answer Lily’s questions. And Dan’s gonna help me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He’s been studying fog for more than a decade. Before he studied it, he was an electrical engineer and worked on measuring ocean surface currents. He thought about fog from time to time. But his real fascination with it came to him during a meditation retreat. He says he was sitting there meditating. It was a hot day. And he was thirsty. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And of course when you’re meditating, minds go all sorts of places and this is where my mind went, went into water and then fog.\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More specifically, he wondered whether he could catch fog… as in pull it out of the air and collect it as a liquid. Turns out… you can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So this is one of ten of the larger fog collectors that I and a class of mine deployed here back in spring 2018.\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We’re standing next to a fog collector. It’s basically a big, 4-by-10 piece of mesh reaching into the sky with a trough underneath. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So fog hits here on all of them, drips down, runs down this trough. And you can see birds visited, too. Even though I have bird spikes there, the water runs into the rain gauge. It goes through the rain gauge. It’s recorded here. And I have a data logger in there that records all the volume of water going through\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because it’s apparently not a foggy day today… there’s no water in the buckets. But when it’s SUPER foggy, Dan says he’s collected as much as nine gallons in one day. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You might wonder what the point is of catching this fog. Could it be enough to help offset California’s water shortage during drought years, for example?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s certainly not enough for us to consume the amount of water we consume\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, no. But, Dan says, it could help farmers with irrigation. Or provide water for reforestation… which Dan’s fog collectors are working on now. He hasn’t had them set up for long enough to figure out whether there’s been more or less fog over time. And he says that question… how climate change is impacting fog… isn’t that simple. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s no general consensus in the science community about what will happen to fog in the future. In fact, they can hardly agree on how to define it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There’s a few ways to define fog and there’s somewhat overlapping, which kind of illustrates the sort of the complication when trying to define something like fog.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Dan, for something to be considered “fog,” it needs to have three things. One:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So fog consists of water, tiny little droplets that vary in size between one-micron diameter spheres and 50-micron diameter spheres. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your hair is about 100 microns. So these water droplets are thinner than that… so thin that they float in the air. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But there have to be enough of these droplets to impede our visibility to be less than one kilometer. Then it’s defined as fog. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you can see beyond one kilometer, then it’s considered mist — NOT fog. And thirdly…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog is a cloud that’s in contact with the ground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, fog has to hover near the ground, it has to limit our visibility to one kilometer… and it consists of droplets between one and 50 microns. Simple, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And for that cocktail of ingredients to come together and form fog… we need a temperature gradient, as in something warm and something cool, like the cool ocean and the hot Central Valley, for example. As cool ocean air reaches land and warms up, it condenses and forms fog. It’s a complex phenomenon! But that’s why Dan likes it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I find fog mysterious, fascinating, it can be scary and exciting. It’s all of those. I think that’s part of what makes it such a special thing to study.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it also makes it a difficult thing to study… and to predict. You can’t forecast it the same way you can forecast rain and thunderstorms. And that’s why scientists don’t know exactly how climate change is impacting fog. But Dan says they have an idea… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, on the whole, I think that we’re going to probably be seeing less fog in general and that we have that we are currently seeing less than we may have seen a generation ago.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some studies have shown that since the 1950’s fog has declined about 30% during the summertime. But Dan says there’s still a lot of uncertainty in the fog science community. For example… that decline could come from the fact that a lot of cities have cleaned up their air since the 50s… so fog has fewer particulates to cling to. Meaning, perhaps there’s less of it not because of climate change — but because of changing air quality standards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And some studies completely contradict that… at least one used observational notes from ships off the coast of California to suggest fog is getting heavier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, according to Dan, there’s some level of consensus that fog is on the decline. And if that’s true… there would be consequences here in northern California. Because, as it turns out, we rely on fog in all kinds of ways — both big and small. I’m gonna walk you through a few of them. Starting with something we’re known for. Our food. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape): \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a very foggy day on the farm here. Wow. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No, for real this time. I’m at Shinta Kawahara Company farm in Watsonville, about a half mile from the ocean. I’m meeting up with farm owner Rod Koda.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape):\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Can you usually see the ocean from here? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. We’re in the Monterey Bay. Um, on a nice day, I could see Pacific Grove and all the way to Santa Cruz. But not today. We got fog. It’s nice. Perfect. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rod grows strawberries. Today his crew is preparing for planting… using a tractor to lay down plastic to protect the strawberries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tractor sounds\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rod says the fog is actually helping this process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It comes out really nice because it’s last that the dirt is a little softer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And it helps in other ways too. Rod says in other parts of California where strawberries are grown… like Salinas and Gilroy… it’s warmer, and the berries ripen more quickly. One heat wave and the berries have to be picked immediately. Whereas, thanks to the fog, Rod has more flexibility.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here along the coast with the fog. The temperatures are cooler, which the berries ripen slower and get more sugar content.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin (in tape): \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So you’re saying they’re better strawberries along the coast with the fog influence or, well, tastier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exactly\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to temperature… strawberries also rely on the moisture from fog… says environmental professor Sara Baguskas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sara Baguskas: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We learned that strawberry crops have greater water use efficiency during fog events compared to non-foggy periods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That basically means that strawberries don’t need as much water when it’s foggy. Sara’s team also found that the strawberry plants use sunlight more efficiently when it’s foggy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sara Baguskas: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though the total amount of light that’s used by plants is lower, it’s like dimmer, but the photons are scattered and so more of the leaves are engaged in photosynthesis in the plant. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So basically, when it’s foggy, strawberry plants are more productive and need less water. Rod has noticed that on his farm. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rod Koda: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We typically have fog in July and August. And usually our volume is up during those times.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He says he hasn’t really noticed any major changes in the fog patterns in the decades he’s been farming. Every year feels different, he says. But if what fog scientist Dan Fernandez said is true, and there won’t be as much of it in the future, farmers like Rod might have to compensate. In the future, growing strawberries could require more water… and farmers might not have as much flexibility around when they harvest as they do now. And for us consumers… the berries might be less tasty and more expensive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Besides strawberries… there are many other ways the disappearance of fog could impact the Bay Area. So many of our ecosystems here rely on it —todd both for moisture and for the cooler temperatures. Redwood trees, for example, are natural fog catchers… they basically drink it and need it to survive. It’s why they’re unique here to Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog scientist Dan Fernandez says there are many other species that rely on it, too… including manzanita trees and even some types of lizards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Fernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And so when one element of an ecosystem is impacted, how does that affect others?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fog may even protect us to some extent from wildfires. The moisture it provides acts as a fire retardant… and without it, Dan says many more areas would be susceptible to megafires. Overall… the loss of fog would fundamentally change the Bay Area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music ends\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OK Dana, but there’s one part of Lily’s question that’s still missing… where should she invest in property?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well… like I said in the story, fog is really hard to predict. There isn’t a neighborhood-by-neighborhood projection of what its future looks like in San Francisco. But… I did reach out to a real estate agent to get their take on the situation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Clark:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A lot of my clients ask me like, So what’s the fog like with what are you going to do? And luckily, I know a lot about like the weather and just all the patterns and wind and which side of the street’s better…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dana Cronin: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is Alex Clark, owner of Front Steps Real Estate in San Francisco. He told me fog is a really important thing to factor in when buying property. And while he’s no fog scientist… and doesn’t know what will happen in the future… he says the most important thing is to buy in a neighborhood that you can see yourself living in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">now. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Clark:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If it’s of concern to people, I would literally counsel them and say this house is going to be in the fog. If it’s a problem, then we probably need to look elsewhere.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, that’s something! Good luck in your search, Lily.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That story was reported by KQED’s Dana Cronin. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next week, our December Bay Curious newsletter goes out. We ventured to a Christmas Tree Farm in Petaluma to learn about the year-round work that goes into growing the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">perfect\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tree. It’s part of our unusual jobs series in the newsletter. Be sure you’re subscribed at baycurious.org/newsletter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. Our show is produced \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and myself. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the whole KQED Family. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a wonderful week.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11968495/with-climate-change-what-will-happen-to-the-bay-areas-fog","authors":["11362"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_255","news_2192","news_3187","news_3"],"featImg":"news_11968507","label":"source_news_11968495"},"news_11902941":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11902941","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11902941","score":null,"sort":[1643393268000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"regular-ol-bay-area-fog-or-tule-fog","title":"'Regular' Ol' Bay Area Fog or Tule Fog?","publishDate":1643393268,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\" alt='Cartoon: \"Regular\" fog or tule fog? Summer fog flowing over Sutro tower. Text reads, \"most bay area fog forms when hot inland temps bring cool moisture onshore.\" Second panel: fog flows from the valley towards the ocean. \"Tule fog forms in colder inland valleys and sometimes gets pulled to the warmer coast.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area we're used to fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summertime tends to be the foggiest time along the coast — just ask those freezing tourists at Fisherman's Wharf in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">our summer marine layer happens when inland valleys heat up, drawing cool condensed moisture (fog) from over the Pacific Ocean\u003c/a> inland through the Golden Gate and other gaps in the coastal hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than one way to freeze in the fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is the time for tule fog, a low \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/fog-radiation\">radiation fog\u003c/a> that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often in winter we see dense tule fog drift west, as far as the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air pressure and temperature relationships are flipped in wintertime, when it is usually much warmer at the coast than in the inland valleys — so the fog flows from the valleys to the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Whitcomb, writing in Bay Nature, \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/tule-fog/\">likens it to a big inhale in the summer, when fog is drawn inland\u003c/a> — followed by an exhale in winter, when tule fog moves toward the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule fog over the bay is relatively unusual, but it is a common fact of winter life in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346\">where the fog sometimes reduces visibility to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346?s=20&t=wd72oi_5jJE0hDSa3aFB7Q\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So even though the Bay Area's summertime fog and the Central Valley's tule fog are very different ... they're both cold and wet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dress in layers and know which way the wind blows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Winter is the time for tule fog, a radiation fog that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley. Every so often it drifts west, as far as the Golden Gate.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1643394784,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":273},"headData":{"title":"'Regular' Ol' Bay Area Fog or Tule Fog? | KQED","description":"Winter is the time for tule fog, a radiation fog that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley. Every so often it drifts west, as far as the Golden Gate.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11902941 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11902941","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/01/28/regular-ol-bay-area-fog-or-tule-fog/","disqusTitle":"'Regular' Ol' Bay Area Fog or Tule Fog?","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11902941/regular-ol-bay-area-fog-or-tule-fog","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\" alt='Cartoon: \"Regular\" fog or tule fog? Summer fog flowing over Sutro tower. Text reads, \"most bay area fog forms when hot inland temps bring cool moisture onshore.\" Second panel: fog flows from the valley towards the ocean. \"Tule fog forms in colder inland valleys and sometimes gets pulled to the warmer coast.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area we're used to fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summertime tends to be the foggiest time along the coast — just ask those freezing tourists at Fisherman's Wharf in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">our summer marine layer happens when inland valleys heat up, drawing cool condensed moisture (fog) from over the Pacific Ocean\u003c/a> inland through the Golden Gate and other gaps in the coastal hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than one way to freeze in the fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is the time for tule fog, a low \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/fog-radiation\">radiation fog\u003c/a> that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often in winter we see dense tule fog drift west, as far as the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air pressure and temperature relationships are flipped in wintertime, when it is usually much warmer at the coast than in the inland valleys — so the fog flows from the valleys to the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Whitcomb, writing in Bay Nature, \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/tule-fog/\">likens it to a big inhale in the summer, when fog is drawn inland\u003c/a> — followed by an exhale in winter, when tule fog moves toward the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule fog over the bay is relatively unusual, but it is a common fact of winter life in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346\">where the fog sometimes reduces visibility to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1204598662858297346"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>So even though the Bay Area's summertime fog and the Central Valley's tule fog are very different ... they're both cold and wet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dress in layers and know which way the wind blows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11902941/regular-ol-bay-area-fog-or-tule-fog","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_311","news_2192","news_30583","news_20949","news_30582","news_3"],"featImg":"news_11902996","label":"news_18515"},"news_11771300":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11771300","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11771300","score":null,"sort":[1567196109000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sf-state-saves-fogcam-internets-longest-running-webcam-after-it-almost-shuts-down","title":"SF State Saves FogCam, Internet's Longest-Running Webcam, After it Almost Shuts Down","publishDate":1567196109,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Anyone wanting to evaluate the thickness of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KarlTheFog\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Karl the Fog\u003c/a>, witness the view from the San Francisco State University campus, or simply see the live feed from the world’s longest-running webcam, will be able to continue visiting the San Francisco FogCam \u003ca href=\"http://www.fogcam.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">website\u003c/a> for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FogCam's creators announced recently that the webcam would be shutting down at the end of this month — but S.F. State confirmed on Friday it will take over the project that began on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11768414\" label=\"Fogcam's Close Call\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monique Beeler, an S.F. State spokeswoman, confirmed that the university will take over maintaining the FogCam and thereby preventing the scheduled end of its run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco State University has supported operation of the FogCam since its inception in 1994, a major technology milestone at the time,\" Beeler wrote in an emailed statement. \"The University looks forward to continuing the webcam’s legacy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>S.F. State students Jeff Schwartz and Dan Wong created the FogCam in 1994 by stitching together a Mac and a Quick Camera through custom-made software in the Department of Instructional Technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771317\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-30-at-10.29.10-AM-e1567191495232.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from FogCam from Aug. 30, 2019.\" width=\"450\" height=\"410\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11771317\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from FogCam from Aug. 30, 2019. \u003ccite>(The San Francisco FogCam)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Notably, FogCam wasn’t the world’s first webcam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first — pointed at a coffee pot at the University of Cambridge to monitor its fullness — began broadcasting online in 1993. But the Trojan Room Coffee Pot camera shut down in 2001, making FogCam the world’s oldest webcam still running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors of the FogCam site can see image captures of San Francisco fog and campus life, updated every 20 seconds. Over the years, the camera was typically pointed at Holloway Avenue, but its view would sometimes be changed to the line at on-campus coffee shop Cafe Rosso, in tribute to the Trojan Room Coffee Pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz and Wong, who refer to themselves online as Webdog and Danno, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FogCam/status/1162943165122224128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Aug. 17 on Twitter\u003c/a> that the camera would be shutting down at the end of August. Schwartz suggested to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SFGate\u003c/a> that the duo originally planned to end the webcam because of the challenges posed by its upkeep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The bottom line is that we no longer have a really good view or place to put the camera. The university tolerates us, but they don't really endorse us and so we have to find secure locations on our own,” Schwartz told SFGate in an article published the day after the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11682057\" label=\"History of Karl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as more news coverage appeared in the days that followed, many Twitter users tweeted at the FogCam, describing the decision as the “end of an era” or pleading for the team to continue the project — and its record as the world’s longest-running webcam. S.F. State’s Twitter account began its own hashtag regarding the project, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/SaveTheFogCam?src=hash\">#SaveTheFogCam.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz handed over the FogCam to S.F. State on Aug. 28, he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The original intention of FogCam was in large part to promote the university and the Department of Instructional Technologies and this is in keeping with that original intent,” Schwartz said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s theirs now,” he added with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The webcam will celebrate its 25th birthday on Sept. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SFSU/status/1167497245287223296?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"FogCam's creators had announced that the webcam would shut down at the end of this month - but S.F. State confirmed Friday it will take over the project.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1567197183,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":571},"headData":{"title":"SF State Saves FogCam, Internet's Longest-Running Webcam, After it Almost Shuts Down | KQED","description":"FogCam's creators had announced that the webcam would shut down at the end of this month - but S.F. State confirmed Friday it will take over the project.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11771300 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11771300","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/08/30/sf-state-saves-fogcam-internets-longest-running-webcam-after-it-almost-shuts-down/","disqusTitle":"SF State Saves FogCam, Internet's Longest-Running Webcam, After it Almost Shuts Down","nprByline":"Caroline Smith","path":"/news/11771300/sf-state-saves-fogcam-internets-longest-running-webcam-after-it-almost-shuts-down","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Anyone wanting to evaluate the thickness of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KarlTheFog\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Karl the Fog\u003c/a>, witness the view from the San Francisco State University campus, or simply see the live feed from the world’s longest-running webcam, will be able to continue visiting the San Francisco FogCam \u003ca href=\"http://www.fogcam.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">website\u003c/a> for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FogCam's creators announced recently that the webcam would be shutting down at the end of this month — but S.F. State confirmed on Friday it will take over the project that began on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11768414","label":"Fogcam's Close Call "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monique Beeler, an S.F. State spokeswoman, confirmed that the university will take over maintaining the FogCam and thereby preventing the scheduled end of its run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco State University has supported operation of the FogCam since its inception in 1994, a major technology milestone at the time,\" Beeler wrote in an emailed statement. \"The University looks forward to continuing the webcam’s legacy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>S.F. State students Jeff Schwartz and Dan Wong created the FogCam in 1994 by stitching together a Mac and a Quick Camera through custom-made software in the Department of Instructional Technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771317\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-30-at-10.29.10-AM-e1567191495232.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from FogCam from Aug. 30, 2019.\" width=\"450\" height=\"410\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11771317\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from FogCam from Aug. 30, 2019. \u003ccite>(The San Francisco FogCam)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Notably, FogCam wasn’t the world’s first webcam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first — pointed at a coffee pot at the University of Cambridge to monitor its fullness — began broadcasting online in 1993. But the Trojan Room Coffee Pot camera shut down in 2001, making FogCam the world’s oldest webcam still running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors of the FogCam site can see image captures of San Francisco fog and campus life, updated every 20 seconds. Over the years, the camera was typically pointed at Holloway Avenue, but its view would sometimes be changed to the line at on-campus coffee shop Cafe Rosso, in tribute to the Trojan Room Coffee Pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz and Wong, who refer to themselves online as Webdog and Danno, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FogCam/status/1162943165122224128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Aug. 17 on Twitter\u003c/a> that the camera would be shutting down at the end of August. Schwartz suggested to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SFGate\u003c/a> that the duo originally planned to end the webcam because of the challenges posed by its upkeep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The bottom line is that we no longer have a really good view or place to put the camera. The university tolerates us, but they don't really endorse us and so we have to find secure locations on our own,” Schwartz told SFGate in an article published the day after the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11682057","label":"History of Karl "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as more news coverage appeared in the days that followed, many Twitter users tweeted at the FogCam, describing the decision as the “end of an era” or pleading for the team to continue the project — and its record as the world’s longest-running webcam. S.F. State’s Twitter account began its own hashtag regarding the project, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/SaveTheFogCam?src=hash\">#SaveTheFogCam.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz handed over the FogCam to S.F. State on Aug. 28, he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The original intention of FogCam was in large part to promote the university and the Department of Instructional Technologies and this is in keeping with that original intent,” Schwartz said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s theirs now,” he added with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The webcam will celebrate its 25th birthday on Sept. 30.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1167497245287223296"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11771300/sf-state-saves-fogcam-internets-longest-running-webcam-after-it-almost-shuts-down","authors":["byline_news_11771300"],"categories":["news_8","news_356","news_248"],"tags":["news_2192","news_26448","news_2200","news_3"],"featImg":"news_11771333","label":"news"},"news_11768414":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11768414","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11768414","score":null,"sort":[1566245007000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-end-is-nigh-for-fogcam-billed-as-the-internets-oldest-running-webcam","title":"The End Is Nigh For FogCam, Billed As The Internet's Oldest Running Webcam","publishDate":1566245007,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>It has been a tumultuous quarter century for San Francisco, what with the rise of its neighbor, Silicon Valley, and the changes that came with it. But at least a couple of things have stayed reliably consistent, such as the distinctive Bay Area fog that's so familiar it even \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog?lang=en\">has a name\u003c/a> (\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682057/how-the-bay-areas-fog-came-to-be-named-karl\">just call it Karl\u003c/a>) and the live webcam that watches it from the campus of San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fogcam.org/\">FogCam\u003c/a> has been around since 1994. That's old enough to be commonly credited as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php\">world's oldest webcam\u003c/a> in operation — and one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.internetlivestats.com/total-number-of-websites/#trend\">oldest websites\u003c/a>, period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the end is coming for FogCam.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We felt it was time to let it go.'\u003ccite>Jeff Schwartz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"After 25 years, Fogcam is shutting down forever at the end of August,\" the site's creators and administrators, nicknamed Webdog and Danno, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FogCam/status/1162943165122224128\">tweeted on Saturday\u003c/a>. They thanked the university and the cam's viewers, adding: \"The Internet has changed a lot since 1994, but Fogcam will always have a special place in its history.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two men, who offline respectively answer to Jeff Schwartz and Dan Wong, didn't immediately clarify why they're finally pulling the plug. But Schwartz \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php\">suggested to\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle that the cam's upkeep had just become too difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We felt it was time to let it go,\" he told the newspaper. \"The bottom line is that we no longer have a really good view or place to put the camera. The university tolerates us, but they don't really endorse us, and so we have to find secure locations on our own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz and Wong explain on their site that they've \"slightly changed campus locations a few times as necessary over the years, to prevent being shut down by the university.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"fog\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're careful to clarify on their site that though they may operate the oldest webcam that's (for now) still around, FogCam is not actually the internet's first. That honor goes to a camera that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-20439301\">trained on a coffee percolator\u003c/a> in the main computer lab at the University of Cambridge. The scientists who got it started in 1991 and brought it online in 1993 figured that having an eye on the appliance would mitigate the dangers of getting unpleasantly surprised by an empty pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffeepot cam lasted about 10 years before it was turned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, nearly two decades since that cam's demise, FogCam is eyeing its own approaching quietus, one ambling pedestrian at a time. It will broadcast its last shots online at the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it appears that Karl the Fog may come by to bid farewell in person. Currently, \u003ca href=\"https://weather.com/weather/tenday/l/San+Francisco+CA+USCA0987:1:US\">the forecast\u003c/a> for that fateful day is partly cloudy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+End+Is+Nigh+For+FogCam%2C+Billed+As+The+Internet%27s+Oldest+Running+Webcam&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The webcam at San Francisco State University has been in operation since 1994. Now, its creators say they plan to, ahem, sunset the internet landmark by the end of the month.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1566245334,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":479},"headData":{"title":"The End Is Nigh For FogCam, Billed As The Internet's Oldest Running Webcam | KQED","description":"The webcam at San Francisco State University has been in operation since 1994. Now, its creators say they plan to, ahem, sunset the internet landmark by the end of the month.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11768414 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11768414","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/08/19/the-end-is-nigh-for-fogcam-billed-as-the-internets-oldest-running-webcam/","disqusTitle":"The End Is Nigh For FogCam, Billed As The Internet's Oldest Running Webcam","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Marcio Jose Sanchez","nprByline":"Colin Dwyer\u003cbr>NPR","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"752328453","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=752328453&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/19/752328453/the-end-is-nigh-for-fogcam-billed-as-the-internets-oldest-running-webcam?ft=nprml&f=752328453","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 19 Aug 2019 15:28:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 19 Aug 2019 12:04:23 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 19 Aug 2019 15:28:10 -0400","path":"/news/11768414/the-end-is-nigh-for-fogcam-billed-as-the-internets-oldest-running-webcam","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It has been a tumultuous quarter century for San Francisco, what with the rise of its neighbor, Silicon Valley, and the changes that came with it. But at least a couple of things have stayed reliably consistent, such as the distinctive Bay Area fog that's so familiar it even \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog?lang=en\">has a name\u003c/a> (\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682057/how-the-bay-areas-fog-came-to-be-named-karl\">just call it Karl\u003c/a>) and the live webcam that watches it from the campus of San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fogcam.org/\">FogCam\u003c/a> has been around since 1994. That's old enough to be commonly credited as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php\">world's oldest webcam\u003c/a> in operation — and one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.internetlivestats.com/total-number-of-websites/#trend\">oldest websites\u003c/a>, period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the end is coming for FogCam.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We felt it was time to let it go.'\u003ccite>Jeff Schwartz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"After 25 years, Fogcam is shutting down forever at the end of August,\" the site's creators and administrators, nicknamed Webdog and Danno, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FogCam/status/1162943165122224128\">tweeted on Saturday\u003c/a>. They thanked the university and the cam's viewers, adding: \"The Internet has changed a lot since 1994, but Fogcam will always have a special place in its history.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two men, who offline respectively answer to Jeff Schwartz and Dan Wong, didn't immediately clarify why they're finally pulling the plug. But Schwartz \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/SF-worlds-oldest-webcam-live-stream-Twitch-14341998.php\">suggested to\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle that the cam's upkeep had just become too difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We felt it was time to let it go,\" he told the newspaper. \"The bottom line is that we no longer have a really good view or place to put the camera. The university tolerates us, but they don't really endorse us, and so we have to find secure locations on our own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz and Wong explain on their site that they've \"slightly changed campus locations a few times as necessary over the years, to prevent being shut down by the university.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","tag":"fog"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're careful to clarify on their site that though they may operate the oldest webcam that's (for now) still around, FogCam is not actually the internet's first. That honor goes to a camera that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-20439301\">trained on a coffee percolator\u003c/a> in the main computer lab at the University of Cambridge. The scientists who got it started in 1991 and brought it online in 1993 figured that having an eye on the appliance would mitigate the dangers of getting unpleasantly surprised by an empty pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffeepot cam lasted about 10 years before it was turned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, nearly two decades since that cam's demise, FogCam is eyeing its own approaching quietus, one ambling pedestrian at a time. It will broadcast its last shots online at the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it appears that Karl the Fog may come by to bid farewell in person. Currently, \u003ca href=\"https://weather.com/weather/tenday/l/San+Francisco+CA+USCA0987:1:US\">the forecast\u003c/a> for that fateful day is partly cloudy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+End+Is+Nigh+For+FogCam%2C+Billed+As+The+Internet%27s+Oldest+Running+Webcam&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11768414/the-end-is-nigh-for-fogcam-billed-as-the-internets-oldest-running-webcam","authors":["byline_news_11768414"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_2192","news_26448","news_23785","news_3"],"featImg":"news_11768415","label":"source_news_11768414"},"news_11766590":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11766590","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11766590","score":null,"sort":[1565376917000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"think-globally-shiver-locally","title":"Think Globally, Shiver Locally","publishDate":1565376917,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>It's definitely \"Fogust\" in much of the Bay Area. Enjoy it while you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a refresher about \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/WhyWindandFog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">why fog happens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our natural air conditioning — and the dripping wet trees that come with it — is looking a lot more welcome in the face of fires and rising temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">worsened by climate change.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find yourself shivering in the fog this weekend, remember that July was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946219/july-was-the-hottest-month-ever-recorded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hottest month\u003c/a> worldwide ever recorded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It's definitely \"Fogust\" in much of the Bay Area. Enjoy it while you can.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1565651779,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":78},"headData":{"title":"Think Globally, Shiver Locally | KQED","description":"It's definitely "Fogust" in much of the Bay Area. Enjoy it while you can.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11766590 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11766590","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/08/09/think-globally-shiver-locally/","disqusTitle":"Think Globally, Shiver Locally","path":"/news/11766590/think-globally-shiver-locally","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's definitely \"Fogust\" in much of the Bay Area. Enjoy it while you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a refresher about \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/WhyWindandFog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">why fog happens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our natural air conditioning — and the dripping wet trees that come with it — is looking a lot more welcome in the face of fires and rising temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">worsened by climate change.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find yourself shivering in the fog this weekend, remember that July was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946219/july-was-the-hottest-month-ever-recorded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hottest month\u003c/a> worldwide ever recorded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11766590/think-globally-shiver-locally","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20341","news_21236","news_2192","news_20949"],"featImg":"news_11766597","label":"news_18515"},"news_11763693":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11763693","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11763693","score":null,"sort":[1564179610000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-very-bay-area-summertime","title":"A Very Bay Area Summertime","publishDate":1564179610,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>We're headed for a weekend heat wave, with inland highs in the 100s forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this being the Bay Area, there will be a big difference between the valleys and the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service is warning about the heat ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1154860608568942592\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... and also warning about the cold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1154118027442630656\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's those hot inland temperatures that will \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suck in the fog\u003c/a> and drop coastal temperatures to downright chilly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"We're headed for a weekend heat wave, with inland highs in the 100s forecast. But this being the Bay Area, there will be a big difference between the valleys and the coast. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1564181964,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":81},"headData":{"title":"A Very Bay Area Summertime | KQED","description":"We're headed for a weekend heat wave, with inland highs in the 100s forecast. But this being the Bay Area, there will be a big difference between the valleys and the coast. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11763693 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11763693","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/07/26/a-very-bay-area-summertime/","disqusTitle":"A Very Bay Area Summertime","path":"/news/11763693/a-very-bay-area-summertime","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We're headed for a weekend heat wave, with inland highs in the 100s forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this being the Bay Area, there will be a big difference between the valleys and the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service is warning about the heat ...\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1154860608568942592"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>... and also warning about the cold.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1154118027442630656"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>It's those hot inland temperatures that will \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suck in the fog\u003c/a> and drop coastal temperatures to downright chilly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11763693/a-very-bay-area-summertime","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_2192","news_26299","news_21164","news_20949"],"featImg":"news_11763702","label":"news_18515"},"news_11682057":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11682057","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11682057","score":null,"sort":[1532629803000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-the-bay-areas-fog-came-to-be-named-karl","title":"How the Bay Area's Fog Came to Be Named Karl","publishDate":1532629803,"format":"audio","headTitle":"How the Bay Area’s Fog Came to Be Named Karl | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>If you live in the Bay Area, you may know that our perennial fog has a name — Karl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the beginning the fog was a little oppressive,” says Kristie Tappan, who moved to San Francisco from Reno, Nevada. “But when I found out about Karl the Fog, it actually made the fog a friendlier presence and more of a neighbor than just bad weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is why Kristie wants to know more, and asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> to tell her how the fog became \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl the Fog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Origin\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It all started on Twitter, when the account \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\">@KarlTheFog\u003c/a> popped into existence in August 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the tweets is determined to remain anonymous. However, this person has answered questions via email for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/How-Karl-the-Fog-rolls-Twitter-presence-s-11740478.php\">SF Chronicle\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/behind-the-tweets-the-secretive-people-behind-sfs-fog-seagulls-and-bridges/Content?oid=2826334\">SF Weekly\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201309271000/the-magic-of-bay-area-fog\">KQED\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11682835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"Fog\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For some, giving the fog a name and personality has made it feel more like a member of the community. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The author says they were inspired by other parody accounts on Twitter — namely one that parodied the public relations department of BP after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the gulf. The now retired account, @BPGlobalPR, tweeted things like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“The ocean looks just a bit slimmer today. Dressing it in black really did the trick!”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Proud to announce that BP will be sponsoring the New Orleans Blues Festival this summer w/special tribute to Muddy Waters.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Thousands of people are attacked by sea creatures every year. We at BP are dedicated to bringing that number down. You’re welcome!”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Karl’s creator read @BPGlobalPR’s tweets and thought, “I could do something like [that].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, the creator’s friends were complaining about a classic bout of bad Bay Area weather. They called it the “fogpocalypse,” and the friends lamented another day ruined by the fog. But our Karl-in-waiting felt these friends were wrong. The fog was mysterious, romantic even. The creator wished the fog had a way to defend itself. And so, the anonymous author decided to create a Twitter account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 10,000 tweets later, the fog has a defender in Karl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it began, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@KarltheFog\u003c/a> has amassed more than 348,000 followers. At some point, people started referring to the weather pattern as “Karl” in conversation. The name became so well established that Karl was even used as a clue on “Jeopardy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/karlthefog/status/531976426707116033\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the account is more than just a name. The creator of @KarlTheFog is known for its silly irreverent tweets. Here is a sampling of favorite tweets our listeners sent us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/KarlTheFog/status/895321504665096194\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/karlthefog/status/996952036309590016\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/karlthefog/status/999124066584772608\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Karl Means Something\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another Bay Curious listener, Mark Ling, asked: Why is @KarltheFog named Karl the Fog?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name Karl is a reference to the 2003 film “Big Fish.” The creator told SF Weekly that Karl was the giant everyone was afraid of because they thought he would kill or eat them, when in fact he was just hungry and lonely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvJLNa16cdo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The name Karl is a reference to the giant in the 2003 film 'Big Fish.' The giant was misunderstood, and Karl the Fog can empathize.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700596737,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":543},"headData":{"title":"How the Bay Area's Fog Came to Be Named Karl | KQED","description":"The name Karl is a reference to the giant in the 2003 film 'Big Fish.' The giant was misunderstood, and Karl the Fog can empathize.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2018/07/Wind.mp3","audioTrackLength":541,"path":"/news/11682057/how-the-bay-areas-fog-came-to-be-named-karl","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you live in the Bay Area, you may know that our perennial fog has a name — Karl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the beginning the fog was a little oppressive,” says Kristie Tappan, who moved to San Francisco from Reno, Nevada. “But when I found out about Karl the Fog, it actually made the fog a friendlier presence and more of a neighbor than just bad weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is why Kristie wants to know more, and asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> to tell her how the fog became \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl the Fog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Origin\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It all started on Twitter, when the account \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\">@KarlTheFog\u003c/a> popped into existence in August 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the tweets is determined to remain anonymous. However, this person has answered questions via email for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/How-Karl-the-Fog-rolls-Twitter-presence-s-11740478.php\">SF Chronicle\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/behind-the-tweets-the-secretive-people-behind-sfs-fog-seagulls-and-bridges/Content?oid=2826334\">SF Weekly\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201309271000/the-magic-of-bay-area-fog\">KQED\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11682835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"Fog\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31904_Fog_BayCurious_AW_20-qut-1-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For some, giving the fog a name and personality has made it feel more like a member of the community. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The author says they were inspired by other parody accounts on Twitter — namely one that parodied the public relations department of BP after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the gulf. The now retired account, @BPGlobalPR, tweeted things like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“The ocean looks just a bit slimmer today. Dressing it in black really did the trick!”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Proud to announce that BP will be sponsoring the New Orleans Blues Festival this summer w/special tribute to Muddy Waters.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Thousands of people are attacked by sea creatures every year. We at BP are dedicated to bringing that number down. You’re welcome!”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Karl’s creator read @BPGlobalPR’s tweets and thought, “I could do something like [that].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, the creator’s friends were complaining about a classic bout of bad Bay Area weather. They called it the “fogpocalypse,” and the friends lamented another day ruined by the fog. But our Karl-in-waiting felt these friends were wrong. The fog was mysterious, romantic even. The creator wished the fog had a way to defend itself. And so, the anonymous author decided to create a Twitter account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 10,000 tweets later, the fog has a defender in Karl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it began, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/karlthefog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@KarltheFog\u003c/a> has amassed more than 348,000 followers. At some point, people started referring to the weather pattern as “Karl” in conversation. The name became so well established that Karl was even used as a clue on “Jeopardy.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"531976426707116033"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>But the account is more than just a name. The creator of @KarlTheFog is known for its silly irreverent tweets. Here is a sampling of favorite tweets our listeners sent us.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"895321504665096194"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"996952036309590016"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"999124066584772608"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003ch3>Karl Means Something\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another Bay Curious listener, Mark Ling, asked: Why is @KarltheFog named Karl the Fog?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name Karl is a reference to the 2003 film “Big Fish.” The creator told SF Weekly that Karl was the giant everyone was afraid of because they thought he would kill or eat them, when in fact he was just hungry and lonely.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/gvJLNa16cdo'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/gvJLNa16cdo'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11682057/how-the-bay-areas-fog-came-to-be-named-karl","authors":["8606"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_33520","news_356"],"tags":["news_20120","news_2192","news_23785","news_346"],"featImg":"news_11682825","label":"source_news_11682057"},"news_11682511":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11682511","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11682511","score":null,"sort":[1532617252000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer","title":"Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer","publishDate":1532617252,"format":"image","headTitle":"Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Every day Will Pearson bikes from his home in San Francisco’s Marina district to his office in the Financial District. His morning ride along the Embarcadero is pleasant and calm, but he has noticed the wind picks up significantly on his ride home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always wondered why different parts of the day have such different levels of wind,” said Pearson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, it’s not too complicated, said meteorologist \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/resume.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jan Null\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the simple explainer from KQED cartoonist Mark Fiore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11682514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3600\" height=\"8100\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg 3600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-160x360.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-800x1800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1020x2295.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-533x1200.jpg 533w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1920x4320.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1180x2655.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-960x2160.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-240x540.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-375x844.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-520x1170.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3600px) 100vw, 3600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more detail, here’s the breakdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s windier in the afternoon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Air always moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hot air rises and is less dense, and is typically low pressure, while cold air sinks and is dense, and is typically higher pressure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Over the course of the day, the air inland heats up in California. But air remains cool over the ocean — where the water stays about the same temperature all day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The cold, high-pressure air from over the ocean rushes inland, toward the warm, lower pressure air.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It takes the path of least resistance, squeezing through sea-level gaps in the mountains and ridges — the biggest of which is at the Golden Gate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>This creates something known as the Bernoulli Effect. “Think about a garden hose. You have the water cranked up all the way and you have the flow coming out of it. Well, you put your thumb over it, you restrict it down, and all of a sudden you shoot 20 yards across the driveway,” said Null. “The same thing happens if you compress air down to a smaller gap like through the Golden Gate or the San Bruno Gap.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>That’s why the winds are strongest on the days where it’s hottest inland and still cool on the coast, when the temperature and pressure difference is the biggest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s foggy in the summer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temperature differences also explain why the Bay Area gets so much fog in the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>There is a system of high pressure over the Pacific Ocean called \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/79119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the North Pacific High\u003c/a>. In the summer, it gets stronger, creating big clockwise winds over the ocean.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Those winds push the surface water of the ocean away from the California coastline.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Very cold water from deep in the ocean rises to the surface. This is called \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/upwelling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">upwelling\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Something known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/08/the-deep-cold-secret-behind-summer-fog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the California Current\u003c/a> also brings cold water south from Alaska.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When the sea breeze blows over this much colder water, condensation forms — creating fog.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The fog comes inland in the summer for similar reasons as the wind: While it stays cool by the ocean, the high temperatures inland create lower pressure, and the fog is sucked in through gaps in the mountains, like the Golden Gate.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>That’s why we see picturesque summer fog rolling in past the Golden Gate Bridge in the afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing’s going to move them out until the sun comes up the next morning and evaporates it,” said Null.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our topography also explains why one neighborhood can be foggy, like the Sunset, and another warm, like the area in Sausalito known as the Banana Belt. The hills and ridges direct the path of the fog and wind, creating these microclimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will our fog and wind remain?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of summer fog has decreased 33 percent over the last century, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2822705/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studies have found\u003c/a>. Warming oceans and climate change could continue to affect the complicated weather systems that create our unique Bay Area fog and wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Every summer, temperature differences and weather patterns cause our classic San Francisco fog and wind.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700596749,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":616},"headData":{"title":"Why San Francisco Gets So Windy and Foggy in the Summer | KQED","description":"Every summer, temperature differences and weather patterns cause our classic San Francisco fog and wind.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2018/07/Wind.mp3","audioTrackLength":541,"path":"/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every day Will Pearson bikes from his home in San Francisco’s Marina district to his office in the Financial District. His morning ride along the Embarcadero is pleasant and calm, but he has noticed the wind picks up significantly on his ride home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always wondered why different parts of the day have such different levels of wind,” said Pearson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, it’s not too complicated, said meteorologist \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/resume.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jan Null\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the simple explainer from KQED cartoonist Mark Fiore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11682514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3600\" height=\"8100\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1.jpg 3600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-160x360.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-800x1800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1020x2295.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-533x1200.jpg 533w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1920x4320.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-1180x2655.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-960x2160.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-240x540.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-375x844.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fogwind_final01-1-520x1170.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3600px) 100vw, 3600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more detail, here’s the breakdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s windier in the afternoon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Air always moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hot air rises and is less dense, and is typically low pressure, while cold air sinks and is dense, and is typically higher pressure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Over the course of the day, the air inland heats up in California. But air remains cool over the ocean — where the water stays about the same temperature all day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The cold, high-pressure air from over the ocean rushes inland, toward the warm, lower pressure air.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It takes the path of least resistance, squeezing through sea-level gaps in the mountains and ridges — the biggest of which is at the Golden Gate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>This creates something known as the Bernoulli Effect. “Think about a garden hose. You have the water cranked up all the way and you have the flow coming out of it. Well, you put your thumb over it, you restrict it down, and all of a sudden you shoot 20 yards across the driveway,” said Null. “The same thing happens if you compress air down to a smaller gap like through the Golden Gate or the San Bruno Gap.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>That’s why the winds are strongest on the days where it’s hottest inland and still cool on the coast, when the temperature and pressure difference is the biggest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s foggy in the summer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temperature differences also explain why the Bay Area gets so much fog in the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>There is a system of high pressure over the Pacific Ocean called \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/79119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the North Pacific High\u003c/a>. In the summer, it gets stronger, creating big clockwise winds over the ocean.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Those winds push the surface water of the ocean away from the California coastline.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Very cold water from deep in the ocean rises to the surface. This is called \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/upwelling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">upwelling\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Something known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/08/the-deep-cold-secret-behind-summer-fog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the California Current\u003c/a> also brings cold water south from Alaska.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When the sea breeze blows over this much colder water, condensation forms — creating fog.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The fog comes inland in the summer for similar reasons as the wind: While it stays cool by the ocean, the high temperatures inland create lower pressure, and the fog is sucked in through gaps in the mountains, like the Golden Gate.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>That’s why we see picturesque summer fog rolling in past the Golden Gate Bridge in the afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing’s going to move them out until the sun comes up the next morning and evaporates it,” said Null.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our topography also explains why one neighborhood can be foggy, like the Sunset, and another warm, like the area in Sausalito known as the Banana Belt. The hills and ridges direct the path of the fog and wind, creating these microclimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will our fog and wind remain?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of summer fog has decreased 33 percent over the last century, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2822705/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studies have found\u003c/a>. Warming oceans and climate change could continue to affect the complicated weather systems that create our unique Bay Area fog and wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer","authors":["1459"],"programs":["news_72","news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520","news_356"],"tags":["news_20120","news_18426","news_2192"],"featImg":"news_11682719","label":"source_news_11682511"},"news_11613156":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11613156","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11613156","score":null,"sort":[1503337900000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"did-you-see-it","title":"Did You See It?","publishDate":1503337900,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The fog is making Bay Area eclipse viewing very difficult. What are your #SolarEclipse plans for today? This frustrated eclipse-hunter is pretty angry with our marine layer right now. The next best thing to seeing it with your own eyes is to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/08/21/live-blog-the-great-american-solar-eclipse/\">check out our live coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The fog is making Bay Area eclipse viewing very difficult. What are your #SolarEclipse plans for today?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1503337900,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":50},"headData":{"title":"Did You See It? | KQED","description":"The fog is making Bay Area eclipse viewing very difficult. What are your #SolarEclipse plans for today?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11613156 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11613156","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/21/did-you-see-it/","disqusTitle":"Did You See It?","path":"/news/11613156/did-you-see-it","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The fog is making Bay Area eclipse viewing very difficult. What are your #SolarEclipse plans for today? This frustrated eclipse-hunter is pretty angry with our marine layer right now. The next best thing to seeing it with your own eyes is to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/08/21/live-blog-the-great-american-solar-eclipse/\">check out our live coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11613156/did-you-see-it","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_223","news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_21462","news_20150","news_2192","news_20949","news_2533"],"featImg":"news_11613157","label":"news_18515"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. 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