California Department of Toxic SubstancesCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances
At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question
State Moves to Protect Consumers From Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Products
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FM","link":"/"}},"news_11359487":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11359487","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11359487","score":null,"sort":[1494918613000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","title":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question","publishDate":1494918613,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>It's been more than half a century since an experimental nuclear reactor at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory near Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p10/a352292\">suffered a partial nuclear meltdown\u003c/a>, spewing radiation over a period of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private industry and government agencies followed that with repeated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html#document/p21/a351479\">chemical \u003c/a>spills,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p9/a339581\"> accidental releases \u003c/a>of more radioactive material and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752144-1958-Burn-Pit-Memo.html#document/p1/a282086\">the open-air burning of poisonous chemicals\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2337520-carr-declaration.html#document/p40/a238263\">gases\u003c/a> at the former site use for the development and testing of nuclear reactors, rockets, missiles and munitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html#document/p12/a352294\"> NASA\u003c/a> and the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">Department of Energy\u003c/a> are behind on their legal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\">agreements \u003c/a>to clean up all traces of the pollution they’d caused at the mountaintop laboratory about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Company, which inherited more than three-quarters of the laboratory grounds when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, waged a\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2428063-the-federal-court-ruling-that-overturned-sb-990.html#document/p13/a242520\"> successful lawsuit\u003c/a> to overturn similarly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200720080SB990&search_keywords=\">rigorous cleanup requirements\u003c/a> for its share of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, it has been preparing its cleanup under the terms of a 2007 consent order in which the state Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p8/a352028\">allows the company to write \u003c/a>its own risk assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Qk5l28CgHB2xlwhGy1TZJOiCNrqhhiVM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has completed numerous studies on where the contamination is and how to clean it up, in accordance with DTSC requirements. It's filed scores of reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2007 order stipulates that Boeing must complete remediation of contaminated soil and related cleanup tasks \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p10/a352720\">by the end of next month\u003c/a>. Dave Dassler, the company's site closure director, estimates that might require digging out and hauling away up to 400,000 cubic yards of dirt, enough to fill the Rose Bowl. The digging hasn't even started.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boeing Creates Easement to Set Aside Land as Open Space\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many public health and environmental activists say that Boeing's characterization of the threat posed by the contamination at Santa Susana is far too permissive for a severely contaminated site that is only half a mile away and steeply uphill from residential neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a recent Boeing legal maneuver may clear the way for the company to negotiate terms that are even less rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367884\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367884\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Company officials have long declared that Boeing will preserve its property as open space to protect wildlife and preserve pre-Columbian historic sites in the hills adjacent to former test and accident sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Boeing has made that commitment legally binding by granting the Pennsylvania-based \u003ca href=\"http://northamericanlandtrust.org/\">North American Land Trust\u003c/a> a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p4/a351999\">conservation easement\u003c/a> that declares the company's property permanent open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, activists have predicted that Santa Susana, which is surrounded by suburbs, might be turned into a housing development. Now the company's agreement with the land trust \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p8/a352001\">bars \u003c/a>residential, commercial, industrial or agricultural development, North American president Stephen Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now.'\u003ccite>Clark Stevens, Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark Stevens, executive officer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcdsmm.org/\">Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a>, said the agreement protects a vital travel corridor for wildlife, such as deer and mountain lions, between the Los Padres National Forest to the north and the Santa Monica Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens, who has worked with conservation easements for 15 years, said Boeing stands to receive a substantial tax write-off for voiding its property's development value. He said the public will benefit as well, because the building ban is legally inviolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It rides with the land,\" he said. \"It doesn't matter who the owner is in the future. They will be restricted by the conservation easement. My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now, because Boeing saying they would keep it open space was just a policy that could change. This easement changes that. It has teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a firm development prohibition in place, it's appropriate to reconsider cleanup standards, Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we know we have protected open space, we should take seriously the fact that no one will ever live there and not overdo the cleanup,\" he said. \"My organization does habitat restoration. You can't restore land that has been scraped to bare rock.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-960x612.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-520x331.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other Boeing officials, company spokeswoman Megan Hilfer has argued that Boeing is committed to making its property clean enough for people to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with the easement in place, the cleanup standard Boeing will apply \"remains to be seen,\" Hilfer said in a telephone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsh, president, Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We look forward to working with the DTSC to determine the appropriate cleanup actions for Boeing's portion of Santa Susana,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz,\u003c/a> fears the conservation easement will undermine a thorough cleanup at the field laboratory. By declaring its land \"open space,\" Boeing glosses over the fact that its contamination is very close to residential neighborhoods, Hirsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simi Hills, where the laboratory is located, lie between the suburban communities of Chatsworth and Simi Valley. Residential neighborhoods extend to within half a mile of the laboratory gates, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.simivalley.org/index.aspx?page=795\">a new housing development\u003c/a> is rising just north of the portion of Santa Susana where the experimental reactor once operated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a public meeting this month, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Santa_Susana_Field_Lab/ssfl_contacts.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">project team leader \u003c/a>for Santa Susana at the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Toxic Substances Control\u003c/a>, Mark Malinowski, said the department only recently received a copy of Boeing's easement agreement and hasn't determined how it might affect the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malinowski questioned whether the laboratory endangers its neighbors. He said a detailed survey of a property next to the laboratory's most active radiological site didn't find any contaminants that would pose a public threat. DTSC spokesman Russ Edmondson said the same holds true for the rest of the land around the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11439172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11439172 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Malinowski, Santa Susana project team leader for the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, answers a question at a public meeting. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That drew a terse response from Denise Duffield, associate director of Physicians for Social Responsibility in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So how do they know better than the National Academy of Sciences?\" she asked. \"The academy says there is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nirs.org/press/06-30-2005/\">no safe exposure level\u003c/a> for radioactivity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rigorous Should the Safety Standards Be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/\">Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board \u003c/a>has repeatedly called attention to poisons and radioactive material in runoff from the laboratory. In 2007, for instance, it fined Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3701400-pressrelease2007-0911boeingpaysfine.html\">$471,000 \u003c/a> for releasing wastewater with elevated levels of chromium, dioxin, lead and mercury. Tests in 2009 found elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352759\">cesium-137\u003c/a>, copper and\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352758\"> lead\u003c/a>. In 2010, the board fined Boeing again after the laboratory's runoff contained levels of radioactive materials, dioxins, mercury and other contaminants that the board \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717282-50621720-Complaint.html#document/p5/a352775\">considered excessive\u003c/a>. This time, the fine was for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3699738-50624955-CJ.html#document/p3/a352286\">$500,000.\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"SS_L3\">\u003cspan class=\"verdana\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Malinowski stood by his claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The numbers that the water board looks at for their discharge limits are much, much lower than human health standards are,\" he said. \"They are extremely low numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board isn't the only government agency with stricter requirements than those the DTSC is applying at Santa Susana. Records show the department is holding Boeing to much weaker standards than the federal government’ s general guidelines as well. One example: The state has accepted a threshold for strontium 90, a carcinogen, that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p2/a337179\">more than 1,000 times\u003c/a> more lenient than the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p1/a337178\">cleanup standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11378766 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"RS24779_Lead-qut\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it can clean up a toxic site, a pollution control agency has to identify where the contamination is and how dangerous it is. To do that, it chooses from a range of possible “risk-based screening levels” that can be used to create a pollution map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal EPA's standard for determining how much pollution must be removed from a polluted site is to achieve a contaminant level low enough that the pollution can be expected to cause no more than one cancer per million people over a 30-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators may set different screening levels depending on the land’s expected use, but residential scenarios are strict, because that’s where people spend the most time and face the greatest risk from pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, the EPA considers the possibility that residents will eat fruit and vegetables from backyard gardens. It’s not that the EPA is trying to promote gardening. It’s the agency’s way of acknowledging that often, ingesting contaminants is more dangerous than merely passing by them or touching them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has argued that a residential cleanup isn't necessary at Santa Susana because nobody is going to live there. The company has promised that it would clean the land to a residential standard anyway, to be absolutely sure that the environment is protected, as well as the health of people living nearby or visiting the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residential scenarios are more rigorous than others. DTSC scientists who assesses the health risks of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3519086-65750-DTSC-Comments-on-Draft-HH-RBSLs-TM-2012-05.html#document/p6/a344374\">recommended \u003c/a>including a strict residential standard in setting the screening levels for Santa Susana. But in 2013, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2433969-boeing-soil-scl-submittal-and-dtsc-approval.html#document/p4/a245064\">accepted\u003c/a> a Boeing method that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516752-Risk-Assessment-Excerpt.html\">skipped\u003c/a> the strictest benchmarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result was a 2015 risk assessment in which Boeing discreetly contradicted itself. It started out by claiming the pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p26/a343144\">really wasn’t that bad\u003c/a>. But buried in an appendix was an acknowledgment that if Boeing were to factor in the possibility of people eating fruit and vegetables grown on the site, it would have to admit to a cancer risk as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p622/a343149\">three in 10\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An assessment for another portion of the laboratory grounds acknowledged that if Boeing were to apply the strict standard there, it would have to admit the pollution was severe enough that for every 10 hypothetical people living there,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3522589-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data-Summary.html#document/p2856/a345374\"> nine would get cancer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html#document/p2/a343151\"> infuriated elected officials\u003c/a>, who pointed out that real people live very close to these sites. The DTSC \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514661-67213-2016-08-23-DTSC-Cmmnt-Ltr-and-Cmmnts-for.html#document/p2/a343156\">ordered\u003c/a> Boeing to change its assessments to include gardens. But Boeing didn't change its screening methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-960x635.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-375x248.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to repeated inquiries, department public affairs officials offered no explanation as to why the DTSC allowed Boeing to continue to employ a screening method the department had expressly forbidden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in a March 24 email, Boeing spokeswoman Megan Hilfer defended the company's ongoing use of the less rigorous standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When considering a risk-based approach, future land use is a critical consideration to ensure the property is adequately cleaned for that end use, while also protecting against adverse cleanup impacts to natural and cultural resources,\" the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is why including a garden exposure pathway in that assessment for Santa Susana, as some have suggested, makes no sense: the property will be legally-restricted open space where no produce of any kind will ever be grown for consumption on-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such arguments anger John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't tell me no pollution comes down every time it rains, every time the ground shakes, when the wind blows, we're all victims,\" he said. \"Including me. Including my wife. Including her daughter. We're all victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Reporting for this \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-susana-field-laboratory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of stories\u003c/a> received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Boeing set aside the land near L.A. for conservation, but watchdogs fear cleanup standards will slip at Santa Susana Field Laboratory.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1494893819,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":51,"wordCount":2071},"headData":{"title":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question | KQED","description":"Boeing set aside the land near L.A. for conservation, but watchdogs fear cleanup standards will slip at Santa Susana Field Laboratory.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question","datePublished":"2017-05-16T07:10:13.000Z","dateModified":"2017-05-16T00:16:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11359487 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11359487","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/16/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question/","disqusTitle":"At Contaminated Lab Site, Rigorous Cleanup Standards Again in Question","path":"/news/11359487/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been more than half a century since an experimental nuclear reactor at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory near Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p10/a352292\">suffered a partial nuclear meltdown\u003c/a>, spewing radiation over a period of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private industry and government agencies followed that with repeated \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html#document/p21/a351479\">chemical \u003c/a>spills,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html#document/p9/a339581\"> accidental releases \u003c/a>of more radioactive material and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752144-1958-Burn-Pit-Memo.html#document/p1/a282086\">the open-air burning of poisonous chemicals\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2337520-carr-declaration.html#document/p40/a238263\">gases\u003c/a> at the former site use for the development and testing of nuclear reactors, rockets, missiles and munitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html#document/p12/a352294\"> NASA\u003c/a> and the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">Department of Energy\u003c/a> are behind on their legal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\">agreements \u003c/a>to clean up all traces of the pollution they’d caused at the mountaintop laboratory about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Company, which inherited more than three-quarters of the laboratory grounds when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, waged a\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2428063-the-federal-court-ruling-that-overturned-sb-990.html#document/p13/a242520\"> successful lawsuit\u003c/a> to overturn similarly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200720080SB990&search_keywords=\">rigorous cleanup requirements\u003c/a> for its share of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, it has been preparing its cleanup under the terms of a 2007 consent order in which the state Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p8/a352028\">allows the company to write \u003c/a>its own risk assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has completed numerous studies on where the contamination is and how to clean it up, in accordance with DTSC requirements. It's filed scores of reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2007 order stipulates that Boeing must complete remediation of contaminated soil and related cleanup tasks \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2500793-ref-13.html#document/p10/a352720\">by the end of next month\u003c/a>. Dave Dassler, the company's site closure director, estimates that might require digging out and hauling away up to 400,000 cubic yards of dirt, enough to fill the Rose Bowl. The digging hasn't even started.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boeing Creates Easement to Set Aside Land as Open Space\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many public health and environmental activists say that Boeing's characterization of the threat posed by the contamination at Santa Susana is far too permissive for a severely contaminated site that is only half a mile away and steeply uphill from residential neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a recent Boeing legal maneuver may clear the way for the company to negotiate terms that are even less rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367884\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367884\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24633_DSC_0055-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is surrounded by suburbs that extend to within half a mile of the lab gate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Company officials have long declared that Boeing will preserve its property as open space to protect wildlife and preserve pre-Columbian historic sites in the hills adjacent to former test and accident sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Boeing has made that commitment legally binding by granting the Pennsylvania-based \u003ca href=\"http://northamericanlandtrust.org/\">North American Land Trust\u003c/a> a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p4/a351999\">conservation easement\u003c/a> that declares the company's property permanent open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, activists have predicted that Santa Susana, which is surrounded by suburbs, might be turned into a housing development. Now the company's agreement with the land trust \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3698554-Grant-Deed.html#document/p8/a352001\">bars \u003c/a>residential, commercial, industrial or agricultural development, North American president Stephen Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now.'\u003ccite>Clark Stevens, Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark Stevens, executive officer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcdsmm.org/\">Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a>, said the agreement protects a vital travel corridor for wildlife, such as deer and mountain lions, between the Los Padres National Forest to the north and the Santa Monica Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens, who has worked with conservation easements for 15 years, said Boeing stands to receive a substantial tax write-off for voiding its property's development value. He said the public will benefit as well, because the building ban is legally inviolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It rides with the land,\" he said. \"It doesn't matter who the owner is in the future. They will be restricted by the conservation easement. My organization never felt this land had a secure open space future until now, because Boeing saying they would keep it open space was just a policy that could change. This easement changes that. It has teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a firm development prohibition in place, it's appropriate to reconsider cleanup standards, Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we know we have protected open space, we should take seriously the fact that no one will ever live there and not overdo the cleanup,\" he said. \"My organization does habitat restoration. You can't restore land that has been scraped to bare rock.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-960x612.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/HirschMic-520x331.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group Committee to Bridge the Gap and director of the Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other Boeing officials, company spokeswoman Megan Hilfer has argued that Boeing is committed to making its property clean enough for people to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with the easement in place, the cleanup standard Boeing will apply \"remains to be seen,\" Hilfer said in a telephone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsh, president, Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We look forward to working with the DTSC to determine the appropriate cleanup actions for Boeing's portion of Santa Susana,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch, president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz,\u003c/a> fears the conservation easement will undermine a thorough cleanup at the field laboratory. By declaring its land \"open space,\" Boeing glosses over the fact that its contamination is very close to residential neighborhoods, Hirsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the people living nearby aren’t open space. They are real people who for the rest of their lives will face the risk of exposure to the toxic contamination leaking off that site,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simi Hills, where the laboratory is located, lie between the suburban communities of Chatsworth and Simi Valley. Residential neighborhoods extend to within half a mile of the laboratory gates, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.simivalley.org/index.aspx?page=795\">a new housing development\u003c/a> is rising just north of the portion of Santa Susana where the experimental reactor once operated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a public meeting this month, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Santa_Susana_Field_Lab/ssfl_contacts.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">project team leader \u003c/a>for Santa Susana at the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Toxic Substances Control\u003c/a>, Mark Malinowski, said the department only recently received a copy of Boeing's easement agreement and hasn't determined how it might affect the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malinowski questioned whether the laboratory endangers its neighbors. He said a detailed survey of a property next to the laboratory's most active radiological site didn't find any contaminants that would pose a public threat. DTSC spokesman Russ Edmondson said the same holds true for the rest of the land around the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11439172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11439172 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS25132__DSC0190-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Malinowski, Santa Susana project team leader for the state Department of Toxic Substances Control, answers a question at a public meeting. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That drew a terse response from Denise Duffield, associate director of Physicians for Social Responsibility in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So how do they know better than the National Academy of Sciences?\" she asked. \"The academy says there is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nirs.org/press/06-30-2005/\">no safe exposure level\u003c/a> for radioactivity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rigorous Should the Safety Standards Be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/\">Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board \u003c/a>has repeatedly called attention to poisons and radioactive material in runoff from the laboratory. In 2007, for instance, it fined Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3701400-pressrelease2007-0911boeingpaysfine.html\">$471,000 \u003c/a> for releasing wastewater with elevated levels of chromium, dioxin, lead and mercury. Tests in 2009 found elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352759\">cesium-137\u003c/a>, copper and\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717250-RWQCB-NPDES-Outfal-008-and-009-Status-Report.html#document/p2/a352758\"> lead\u003c/a>. In 2010, the board fined Boeing again after the laboratory's runoff contained levels of radioactive materials, dioxins, mercury and other contaminants that the board \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3717282-50621720-Complaint.html#document/p5/a352775\">considered excessive\u003c/a>. This time, the fine was for \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3699738-50624955-CJ.html#document/p3/a352286\">$500,000.\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"SS_L3\">\u003cspan class=\"verdana\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Malinowski stood by his claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The numbers that the water board looks at for their discharge limits are much, much lower than human health standards are,\" he said. \"They are extremely low numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board isn't the only government agency with stricter requirements than those the DTSC is applying at Santa Susana. Records show the department is holding Boeing to much weaker standards than the federal government’ s general guidelines as well. One example: The state has accepted a threshold for strontium 90, a carcinogen, that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p2/a337179\">more than 1,000 times\u003c/a> more lenient than the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3453382-PRGs-EPA-vs-DTSC.html#document/p1/a337178\">cleanup standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11378766 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"RS24779_Lead-qut\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24779_Lead-qut-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it can clean up a toxic site, a pollution control agency has to identify where the contamination is and how dangerous it is. To do that, it chooses from a range of possible “risk-based screening levels” that can be used to create a pollution map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal EPA's standard for determining how much pollution must be removed from a polluted site is to achieve a contaminant level low enough that the pollution can be expected to cause no more than one cancer per million people over a 30-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators may set different screening levels depending on the land’s expected use, but residential scenarios are strict, because that’s where people spend the most time and face the greatest risk from pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, the EPA considers the possibility that residents will eat fruit and vegetables from backyard gardens. It’s not that the EPA is trying to promote gardening. It’s the agency’s way of acknowledging that often, ingesting contaminants is more dangerous than merely passing by them or touching them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boeing has argued that a residential cleanup isn't necessary at Santa Susana because nobody is going to live there. The company has promised that it would clean the land to a residential standard anyway, to be absolutely sure that the environment is protected, as well as the health of people living nearby or visiting the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residential scenarios are more rigorous than others. DTSC scientists who assesses the health risks of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3519086-65750-DTSC-Comments-on-Draft-HH-RBSLs-TM-2012-05.html#document/p6/a344374\">recommended \u003c/a>including a strict residential standard in setting the screening levels for Santa Susana. But in 2013, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2433969-boeing-soil-scl-submittal-and-dtsc-approval.html#document/p4/a245064\">accepted\u003c/a> a Boeing method that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516752-Risk-Assessment-Excerpt.html\">skipped\u003c/a> the strictest benchmarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result was a 2015 risk assessment in which Boeing discreetly contradicted itself. It started out by claiming the pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p26/a343144\">really wasn’t that bad\u003c/a>. But buried in an appendix was an acknowledgment that if Boeing were to factor in the possibility of people eating fruit and vegetables grown on the site, it would have to admit to a cancer risk as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515375-66635-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data.html#document/p622/a343149\">three in 10\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An assessment for another portion of the laboratory grounds acknowledged that if Boeing were to apply the strict standard there, it would have to admit the pollution was severe enough that for every 10 hypothetical people living there,\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3522589-Draft-RCRA-Facility-Investigation-Data-Summary.html#document/p2856/a345374\"> nine would get cancer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html#document/p2/a343151\"> infuriated elected officials\u003c/a>, who pointed out that real people live very close to these sites. The DTSC \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514661-67213-2016-08-23-DTSC-Cmmnt-Ltr-and-Cmmnts-for.html#document/p2/a343156\">ordered\u003c/a> Boeing to change its assessments to include gardens. But Boeing didn't change its screening methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11459714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-960x635.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-375x248.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Detwiler-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, told a public meeting recently that he’s angry and disappointed at the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s failure to clean up the laboratory. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to repeated inquiries, department public affairs officials offered no explanation as to why the DTSC allowed Boeing to continue to employ a screening method the department had expressly forbidden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in a March 24 email, Boeing spokeswoman Megan Hilfer defended the company's ongoing use of the less rigorous standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When considering a risk-based approach, future land use is a critical consideration to ensure the property is adequately cleaned for that end use, while also protecting against adverse cleanup impacts to natural and cultural resources,\" the email states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is why including a garden exposure pathway in that assessment for Santa Susana, as some have suggested, makes no sense: the property will be legally-restricted open space where no produce of any kind will ever be grown for consumption on-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such arguments anger John Detwiler, who lives just downhill from the laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't tell me no pollution comes down every time it rains, every time the ground shakes, when the wind blows, we're all victims,\" he said. \"Including me. Including my wife. Including her daughter. We're all victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Reporting for this \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-susana-field-laboratory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of stories\u003c/a> received financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\">Fund for Investigative Journalism\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11359487/at-contaminated-lab-site-rigorous-cleanup-standards-again-in-question","authors":["219"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_4888","news_18299","news_20796","news_17286","news_20830"],"featImg":"news_11459627","label":"news_72"},"news_113004":{"type":"posts","id":"news_113004","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"113004","score":null,"sort":[1380299757000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"state-moves-to-protect-consumers-from-toxic-chemicals-in-common-products","title":"State Moves to Protect Consumers From Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Products","publishDate":1380299757,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_113039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/27/113004/nail_polish_bottles_2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-113039\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-113039 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/09/Nail_Polish_bottles_2-e1380299036981.jpg\" alt=\"Joe Shlabotnik/Wikimedia Commons\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nail polish often contains toluene, a harmful chemical. (Joe Shlabotnik/Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Richmond yesterday, state toxic chemical regulators launched what they say is the nation's most comprehensive program for identifying and reformulating common consumer products containing hazardous chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SCP/index.cfm\">Safer Consumer Products Initiative\u003c/a> takes effect Oct. 1 and will require manufacturers to seek safer alternatives to harmful ingredients such as toluene, used in nail polish, and formaldehyde, used in carpet glue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new rules, regulators at the\u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/\"> California Department of Toxic Substances\u003c/a> will compile lists of more than 100 products for review. Regulators will then focus on a handful of \"priority\" products, and manufacturers will have to provide analysis and explanation about why toxic chemicals are necessary in the products and whether substitutes are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program was unveiled at green stamp-making business \u003ca href=\"http://www.heroarts.com/\">Hero Arts\u003c/a> in Richmond, which uses organic colors and dyes. \"Innovative and forward-thinking companies realize the opportunities for growth that stem from this cutting-edge regulation,\" Department of Toxic Substances Control Director Debbie Raphael said at the event, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_24184842/california-rolls-out-new-environmental-regulatory-regime-at\">Mercury News.\u003c/a> \"Smart businesses are already planning ahead.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Smart businesses are already planning ahead.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-chemical-safety-regs-20130926,0,3752911.story\">reported \u003c/a>earlier this week that\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The agency has been working on the new rules since 2008 after the state Legislature passed a pair of bills backing a so-called green chemistry initiative by then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican. The first effort was abandoned in late 2010. Incoming Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown ordered the regulation-writing process rebooted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and public health advocates generally support the regulations as pioneering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This marks a sea change in the way that California is going to be managing toxic chemicals,\" said Gretchen Lee Salter, senior program and policy manager at the Breast Cancer Fund in San Francisco. The national organization focuses on prevention.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times noted that some industry groups oppose the new rules as overly complicated, costly and likely to scare consumers unnecessarily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California will require manufacturers to seek safer alternatives to harmful ingredients.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1380328751,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":331},"headData":{"title":"State Moves to Protect Consumers From Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Products | KQED","description":"California will require manufacturers to seek safer alternatives to harmful ingredients.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"State Moves to Protect Consumers From Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Products","datePublished":"2013-09-27T16:35:57.000Z","dateModified":"2013-09-28T00:39:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"113004 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=113004","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/27/state-moves-to-protect-consumers-from-toxic-chemicals-in-common-products/","disqusTitle":"State Moves to Protect Consumers From Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Products","customPermalink":"2013/09/27/113004/toxic-chemicals-consumer-products/","path":"/news/113004/state-moves-to-protect-consumers-from-toxic-chemicals-in-common-products","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_113039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/27/113004/nail_polish_bottles_2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-113039\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-113039 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/09/Nail_Polish_bottles_2-e1380299036981.jpg\" alt=\"Joe Shlabotnik/Wikimedia Commons\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nail polish often contains toluene, a harmful chemical. (Joe Shlabotnik/Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Richmond yesterday, state toxic chemical regulators launched what they say is the nation's most comprehensive program for identifying and reformulating common consumer products containing hazardous chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SCP/index.cfm\">Safer Consumer Products Initiative\u003c/a> takes effect Oct. 1 and will require manufacturers to seek safer alternatives to harmful ingredients such as toluene, used in nail polish, and formaldehyde, used in carpet glue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new rules, regulators at the\u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/\"> California Department of Toxic Substances\u003c/a> will compile lists of more than 100 products for review. Regulators will then focus on a handful of \"priority\" products, and manufacturers will have to provide analysis and explanation about why toxic chemicals are necessary in the products and whether substitutes are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program was unveiled at green stamp-making business \u003ca href=\"http://www.heroarts.com/\">Hero Arts\u003c/a> in Richmond, which uses organic colors and dyes. \"Innovative and forward-thinking companies realize the opportunities for growth that stem from this cutting-edge regulation,\" Department of Toxic Substances Control Director Debbie Raphael said at the event, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_24184842/california-rolls-out-new-environmental-regulatory-regime-at\">Mercury News.\u003c/a> \"Smart businesses are already planning ahead.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Smart businesses are already planning ahead.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-chemical-safety-regs-20130926,0,3752911.story\">reported \u003c/a>earlier this week that\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The agency has been working on the new rules since 2008 after the state Legislature passed a pair of bills backing a so-called green chemistry initiative by then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican. The first effort was abandoned in late 2010. Incoming Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown ordered the regulation-writing process rebooted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and public health advocates generally support the regulations as pioneering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This marks a sea change in the way that California is going to be managing toxic chemicals,\" said Gretchen Lee Salter, senior program and policy manager at the Breast Cancer Fund in San Francisco. The national organization focuses on prevention.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times noted that some industry groups oppose the new rules as overly complicated, costly and likely to scare consumers unnecessarily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/113004/state-moves-to-protect-consumers-from-toxic-chemicals-in-common-products","authors":["1479"],"programs":["news_6944"],"tags":["news_4888","news_18543","news_1930"],"featImg":"news_113039","label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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