Half Moon Bay Farm Involved in Shooting Paid $126,000 in Workplace Violations
California Rules to Address Contaminated Groundwater Are Driving Farmers and Residents to Court
How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change
Bay Area Flower Farms Burst with Marigolds for Día de los Muertos
Thousands of Californians Aren't Eligible for Federal Aid After Storms. Here's Why
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This is in addition to a separate $150,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">settlement paid\u003c/a> by the business to the California Labor Commissioner’s Office, according to a spokesperson for the agency. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alberto Raymond, assistant district director, U.S. Department of Labor San José Office\"]‘The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers. And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.’[/pullquote]A Department of Labor investigation into the second site where the back-to-back shootings occurred, Concord Farms, is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of investigators found California Terra Garden charged dozens of farmworkers to live in “deplorable” housing on-site and failed to notify them in writing about the terms of their employment as required, said Alberto Raymond, assistant district director at the agency’s San José office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers,” Raymond told KQED. “And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden made the full payment to the Department of Labor last summer. The agency has been working to track down 39 workers who are eligible for restitution over two years, according to Raymond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach California Terra Garden representatives for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller, who has helped the county take steps to support wage theft victims and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">start developing\u003c/a> more affordable housing units for agricultural workers, welcomed the news. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller\"]‘The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay.’[/pullquote]“The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay,” Mueller said in a statement. “On the county level, we are making active strides to ensure a safe and healthy future for all agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deemed an extreme case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939361/im-afraid-half-moon-bay-shootings-may-have-been-extreme-case-of-workplace-violence\">workplace violence\u003c/a>, the murders on Jan. 23, 2023, at the two mushroom farms exposed very low wages and substandard housing conditions for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the shooting, Gov. Gavin Newsom told reporters that the farmworkers lived in “shipping containers” and earned only $9 an hour, far below California’s minimum wage. State and county officials vowed to investigate. [aside label='More on Half Moon Bay' tag='half-moon-bay']One year later, California workplace regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">accused\u003c/a> the two farm employers of various \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2023/2023-46.html\">safety\u003c/a> and labor law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A criminal grand jury indicted the alleged gunman, Chunli Zhao, with seven counts of murder, among other charges. The judge in the case scheduled an arraignment for later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhao allegedly shot five people at California Terra Garden, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11966741/culture-cures-accordion-classes-for-half-moon-bay-farmworkers-offer-healing-through-music\">one of whom survived\u003c/a>. The former forklift operator, 66 at the time of the attacks, then shot and killed three more people at nearby Concord Farms, where he used to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers can check if they are owed wages by searching the Department of Labor’s \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/QLyCC5yWjXS6RzNRuz34vp?domain=webapps.dol.gov\">Workers Owed Wages website\u003c/a>, said an agency spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also call a toll-free helpline at 1-866-487-9243 or contact the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/3E5MC680k4syMgwMS6yUM6?domain=dol.gov\">local office\u003c/a> where the case was managed. The California Terra Garden case was handled by the department’s Walnut Creek Area office at 415-625-7720.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties under federal protections for agricultural workers. A Department of Labor investigation into Concord Farms, the second site of consecutive shootings, is ongoing.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706906735,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":661},"headData":{"title":"Half Moon Bay Farm Involved in Shooting Paid $126,000 in Workplace Violations | KQED","description":"California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties under federal protections for agricultural workers. A Department of Labor investigation into Concord Farms, the second site of consecutive shootings, is ongoing.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/13c3b78c-bafb-46a6-b07e-b10a0101d603/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11974555/half-moon-bay-farm-involved-in-shooting-paid-126000-in-workplace-violations","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the two businesses where seven farmworkers were fatally shot last year in Half Moon Bay has paid more than $126,000 for workplace violations uncovered after the mass shooting, the U.S. Department of Labor confirmed to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties assessed under federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/agriculture/mspa\">protections\u003c/a> covering migrant and seasonal agricultural workers. This is in addition to a separate $150,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">settlement paid\u003c/a> by the business to the California Labor Commissioner’s Office, according to a spokesperson for the agency. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers. And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Alberto Raymond, assistant district director, U.S. Department of Labor San José Office","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A Department of Labor investigation into the second site where the back-to-back shootings occurred, Concord Farms, is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of investigators found California Terra Garden charged dozens of farmworkers to live in “deplorable” housing on-site and failed to notify them in writing about the terms of their employment as required, said Alberto Raymond, assistant district director at the agency’s San José office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers,” Raymond told KQED. “And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden made the full payment to the Department of Labor last summer. The agency has been working to track down 39 workers who are eligible for restitution over two years, according to Raymond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach California Terra Garden representatives for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller, who has helped the county take steps to support wage theft victims and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">start developing\u003c/a> more affordable housing units for agricultural workers, welcomed the news. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay,” Mueller said in a statement. “On the county level, we are making active strides to ensure a safe and healthy future for all agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deemed an extreme case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939361/im-afraid-half-moon-bay-shootings-may-have-been-extreme-case-of-workplace-violence\">workplace violence\u003c/a>, the murders on Jan. 23, 2023, at the two mushroom farms exposed very low wages and substandard housing conditions for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the shooting, Gov. Gavin Newsom told reporters that the farmworkers lived in “shipping containers” and earned only $9 an hour, far below California’s minimum wage. State and county officials vowed to investigate. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Half Moon Bay ","tag":"half-moon-bay"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One year later, California workplace regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">accused\u003c/a> the two farm employers of various \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2023/2023-46.html\">safety\u003c/a> and labor law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A criminal grand jury indicted the alleged gunman, Chunli Zhao, with seven counts of murder, among other charges. The judge in the case scheduled an arraignment for later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhao allegedly shot five people at California Terra Garden, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11966741/culture-cures-accordion-classes-for-half-moon-bay-farmworkers-offer-healing-through-music\">one of whom survived\u003c/a>. The former forklift operator, 66 at the time of the attacks, then shot and killed three more people at nearby Concord Farms, where he used to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers can check if they are owed wages by searching the Department of Labor’s \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/QLyCC5yWjXS6RzNRuz34vp?domain=webapps.dol.gov\">Workers Owed Wages website\u003c/a>, said an agency spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also call a toll-free helpline at 1-866-487-9243 or contact the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/3E5MC680k4syMgwMS6yUM6?domain=dol.gov\">local office\u003c/a> where the case was managed. The California Terra Garden case was handled by the department’s Walnut Creek Area office at 415-625-7720.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11974555/half-moon-bay-farm-involved-in-shooting-paid-126000-in-workplace-violations","authors":["8659"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_18269","news_27626","news_1164","news_32350","news_32332","news_20202","news_19904","news_32378","news_21721","news_31850","news_29880"],"featImg":"news_11940019","label":"news"},"news_11970957":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11970957","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11970957","score":null,"sort":[1703691059000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-rules-to-address-contaminated-groundwater-are-driving-farmers-and-residents-to-court","title":"California Rules to Address Contaminated Groundwater Are Driving Farmers and Residents to Court","publishDate":1703691059,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Rules to Address Contaminated Groundwater Are Driving Farmers and Residents to Court | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Near fields awash with strawberries and greens, Ileana Miranda and her family pay $72 a month to get water piped into their home in a rural California community — and that’s before they consume a drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pay to bring it from more than a mile away because the groundwater beneath them has been contaminated with nitrates leached into the soil from years of large-scale farming.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ileana Miranda, manager of the San Jerardo cooperative\"]‘We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater. It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.’[/pullquote]Now, the San Jerardo cooperative — where Miranda and 300 others live — and environmental organizations have sued the state, demanding stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use in the hope that the next generation of residents in the community 100 miles southeast of San Francisco will have cleaner water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater,” said Miranda, who manages the cooperative. “It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California farming communities have been plagued for years by \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/health-california-water-quality-climate-and-environment-ca8eb802e95e8704ca0038d718fad541\">problems with their drinking water\u003c/a> due to nitrates and other contaminants in the groundwater that feeds their wells. Advocates have long pushed to remedy the situation, which disproportionately affects lower-income and Latino residents, many of whom worked in the same fields where farmers are accused of leaving too much nitrate behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitrogen is in fertilizer because plants depend on it, but it can contaminate drinking water supplies. Much of the nitrate detected in wells today comes from fertilizer applied decades ago to ensure crop size and quality. As a result, researchers said the issue of nitrate-laden drinking water, which can cause a blood disease known as blue baby syndrome in infants and affect pregnant women, will likely persist for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been working to address the problem for years through regional water quality control boards and the State Water Resources Control Board. Different approaches have been taken in the Central Valley, which is home to more dairies and tomato farms, and the Central Coast to the west, where strawberries and leafy greens thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks by a very large water tank.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ileana Miranda walks in front of the new San Jerardo cooperative water tank near her home in Salinas on Dec. 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board issued rules limiting how much fertilizer farmers could apply and protecting areas near streams. This year, the state water board put those plans on hold, arguing that more consistent standards and scientific review are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision drove San Jerardo residents and water quality advocates to take the state to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, filed their own legal action, arguing neither the state nor the regional board fully considered the economic impact of the changes on those responsible for the country’s food supply. Norm Groot, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, said nitrogen is vital to ensure the size and quality of produce consumed throughout the country, but fertilizer is already being applied more precisely than it was in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“We just can’t sustain our food supply without some sort of nitrogen application,” Groot said. “We now have a lot more science that supports when applications are needed and how those applications can be measured and metered. We’re not using nearly as much fertilizer as what was done a decade or 30 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Coast board’s limits would have forced some county farmers to grow two crops of leafy greens a year instead of three, he said. Pumping out groundwater laden with nitrates to irrigate fields while replacing it with newer water could help improve the situation over time, he said, adding that farmers depend on local drinking water, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Ortiz, a spokesperson for the State Water Resources Control Board, declined to comment on the lawsuits but said in an email that the approach taken in the Central Valley has the support of a panel of scientific experts. A second panel, he said, is expected to review both approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The litigation comes as California is stepping up efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-groundwater-drought-farming-probation-hearing-38aa9bd2b7d991e6bd1000ec9d8ad771\">regulate \u003c/a>groundwater use after years of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-weather-climate-and-environment-6f591a7e40f39a0d804706b507fd4022\">drought\u003c/a> and with potentially drier winters due to climate change. Farming is a key part of the state’s economy, with strawberries and lettuce bringing in more than $5 billion combined in 2021, agricultural statistics show.[aside label=\"more on groundwater issues\" tag=\"groundwater\"]Michael Cahn, irrigation and water resource advisor for the University of California, Cooperative Extension, said he’s been working with Central Coast farmers to reduce the nitrogen they leave behind. Strategies include rapid-testing soil before applying fertilizer, improving water management and planting \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/cover-crops-farming-carbon-nitrogen-1648449f90b7072be50b95a21d733618\">cover crops\u003c/a>, he said, but added the problem won’t be resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is the value of vegetables is so high, and a lot of time it is just easier to put more fertilizer and water on than do careful management,” Cahn said. “We have a lot of contaminated groundwater to use, so it will take a long time to clean up. People say this could be 50 years in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local communities rely on bottled drinking water due to nitrate levels in groundwater wells, said Brandon Bollinger, senior community advocacy manager at Community Water Center. He said his organization delivers bottled water weekly to about 260 households on the Central Coast, and in one area, nitrate levels were six times what’s deemed safe to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say water flows toward money and power, and in California, that generally looks like water flowing toward industrial agriculture,” he said. “We need to have limits and targets and a timeline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jerardo, which was founded by farmworkers in the 1970s, people rely solely on groundwater for drinking, bathing and washing. The community’s first well was deemed contaminated in 1990, and the second, a few years later. After a third well went bad, the county got involved and drilled the latest well, said Horacio Amezquita, whose father was among the community’s founding members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amezquita said efforts can be made to clean up the water system, but the answer is not to use synthetic fertilizers in the first place. He said he’s still farming in the area, growing cover crops and grains, but doesn’t use fertilizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more interested in having their crops, at their own time, having their schedule at their own time,” Amezquita said. “It’s not a sustainable agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A group of residents in Salinas whose groundwater has been contaminated are suing the state to demand stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1703695205,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":1165},"headData":{"title":"California Rules to Address Contaminated Groundwater Are Driving Farmers and Residents to Court | KQED","description":"A group of residents in Salinas whose groundwater has been contaminated are suing the state to demand stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Amy Taxin\u003cbr>Associated Press","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11970957/california-rules-to-address-contaminated-groundwater-are-driving-farmers-and-residents-to-court","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Near fields awash with strawberries and greens, Ileana Miranda and her family pay $72 a month to get water piped into their home in a rural California community — and that’s before they consume a drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pay to bring it from more than a mile away because the groundwater beneath them has been contaminated with nitrates leached into the soil from years of large-scale farming.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater. It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ileana Miranda, manager of the San Jerardo cooperative","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Now, the San Jerardo cooperative — where Miranda and 300 others live — and environmental organizations have sued the state, demanding stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use in the hope that the next generation of residents in the community 100 miles southeast of San Francisco will have cleaner water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater,” said Miranda, who manages the cooperative. “It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California farming communities have been plagued for years by \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/health-california-water-quality-climate-and-environment-ca8eb802e95e8704ca0038d718fad541\">problems with their drinking water\u003c/a> due to nitrates and other contaminants in the groundwater that feeds their wells. Advocates have long pushed to remedy the situation, which disproportionately affects lower-income and Latino residents, many of whom worked in the same fields where farmers are accused of leaving too much nitrate behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitrogen is in fertilizer because plants depend on it, but it can contaminate drinking water supplies. Much of the nitrate detected in wells today comes from fertilizer applied decades ago to ensure crop size and quality. As a result, researchers said the issue of nitrate-laden drinking water, which can cause a blood disease known as blue baby syndrome in infants and affect pregnant women, will likely persist for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been working to address the problem for years through regional water quality control boards and the State Water Resources Control Board. Different approaches have been taken in the Central Valley, which is home to more dairies and tomato farms, and the Central Coast to the west, where strawberries and leafy greens thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks by a very large water tank.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ileana Miranda walks in front of the new San Jerardo cooperative water tank near her home in Salinas on Dec. 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board issued rules limiting how much fertilizer farmers could apply and protecting areas near streams. This year, the state water board put those plans on hold, arguing that more consistent standards and scientific review are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision drove San Jerardo residents and water quality advocates to take the state to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, filed their own legal action, arguing neither the state nor the regional board fully considered the economic impact of the changes on those responsible for the country’s food supply. Norm Groot, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, said nitrogen is vital to ensure the size and quality of produce consumed throughout the country, but fertilizer is already being applied more precisely than it was in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“We just can’t sustain our food supply without some sort of nitrogen application,” Groot said. “We now have a lot more science that supports when applications are needed and how those applications can be measured and metered. We’re not using nearly as much fertilizer as what was done a decade or 30 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Coast board’s limits would have forced some county farmers to grow two crops of leafy greens a year instead of three, he said. Pumping out groundwater laden with nitrates to irrigate fields while replacing it with newer water could help improve the situation over time, he said, adding that farmers depend on local drinking water, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Ortiz, a spokesperson for the State Water Resources Control Board, declined to comment on the lawsuits but said in an email that the approach taken in the Central Valley has the support of a panel of scientific experts. A second panel, he said, is expected to review both approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The litigation comes as California is stepping up efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-groundwater-drought-farming-probation-hearing-38aa9bd2b7d991e6bd1000ec9d8ad771\">regulate \u003c/a>groundwater use after years of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-weather-climate-and-environment-6f591a7e40f39a0d804706b507fd4022\">drought\u003c/a> and with potentially drier winters due to climate change. Farming is a key part of the state’s economy, with strawberries and lettuce bringing in more than $5 billion combined in 2021, agricultural statistics show.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"more on groundwater issues ","tag":"groundwater"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Michael Cahn, irrigation and water resource advisor for the University of California, Cooperative Extension, said he’s been working with Central Coast farmers to reduce the nitrogen they leave behind. Strategies include rapid-testing soil before applying fertilizer, improving water management and planting \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/cover-crops-farming-carbon-nitrogen-1648449f90b7072be50b95a21d733618\">cover crops\u003c/a>, he said, but added the problem won’t be resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is the value of vegetables is so high, and a lot of time it is just easier to put more fertilizer and water on than do careful management,” Cahn said. “We have a lot of contaminated groundwater to use, so it will take a long time to clean up. People say this could be 50 years in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local communities rely on bottled drinking water due to nitrate levels in groundwater wells, said Brandon Bollinger, senior community advocacy manager at Community Water Center. He said his organization delivers bottled water weekly to about 260 households on the Central Coast, and in one area, nitrate levels were six times what’s deemed safe to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say water flows toward money and power, and in California, that generally looks like water flowing toward industrial agriculture,” he said. “We need to have limits and targets and a timeline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jerardo, which was founded by farmworkers in the 1970s, people rely solely on groundwater for drinking, bathing and washing. The community’s first well was deemed contaminated in 1990, and the second, a few years later. After a third well went bad, the county got involved and drilled the latest well, said Horacio Amezquita, whose father was among the community’s founding members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amezquita said efforts can be made to clean up the water system, but the answer is not to use synthetic fertilizers in the first place. He said he’s still farming in the area, growing cover crops and grains, but doesn’t use fertilizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more interested in having their crops, at their own time, having their schedule at their own time,” Amezquita said. “It’s not a sustainable agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11970957/california-rules-to-address-contaminated-groundwater-are-driving-farmers-and-residents-to-court","authors":["byline_news_11970957"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_20447","news_20023","news_27626","news_5892"],"featImg":"news_11970959","label":"news"},"news_11966862":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11966862","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11966862","score":null,"sort":[1699876819000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","title":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change","publishDate":1699876819,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A rural community on the banks of the San Joaquin River was spared from flooding during last winter’s powerful storms after hundreds of acres of former farmland were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965257/california-looks-to-restore-floodplains-to-protect-communities-from-impacts-of-climate-change\">restored to their natural state as floodplains\u003c/a>, giving the rising water a place to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant family in the Central Valley city of Tulare got relief from 100-degree heat and sky-high energy bills with insulation and energy retrofits installed under a state program to weatherize the homes of low-income farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small town mayor in a region with some of the most polluted air in the nation launched a free rideshare program with a fleet of electric vehicles — the first step in his goal of creating hundreds of green jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are a few of the climate resilience strategies emerging in hard-hit agricultural communities in California’s Central Valley, supported by state and federal funds that could enable local initiatives to scale up. But the very places that need help the most may have the hardest time accessing the funding available, \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/aYv2COYZQzi2BvYEskPu2V?domain=next10.org\">research shows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of San Joaquin Valley face a barrage of challenges as the planet warms and weather patterns shift, often with catastrophic results. Land development has been engineered over decades to maximize agricultural productivity, with little attention to environmental resilience. And low-income immigrant workers, who are the backbone of this economy, are on the front lines, living in communities that lack resources and critical infrastructure to cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer temperatures throughout the valley routinely spike into triple digits, making outdoor work dangerous and shoddily built homes stifling. Wildfires repeatedly blanket the region with smoke, exacerbating the air pollution that leads to the state’s worst rates of asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966814\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A dry field with an irrigation channel alongside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An irrigation channel carries water to new plantings in the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. The restoration work was conducted by the nonprofit River Partners to allow the fast-moving river to spread out over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force and preventing catastrophic flooding. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Violent floods wash away homes and livelihoods in communities with neglected levees and insufficient storm drains. And recurring drought contributes to the fact that most of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-118/index.html\">nearly 1 million Californians who lack access to safe drinking water\u003c/a> live in the Central Valley. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist, Union of Concerned Scientists\"]‘The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another.’[/pullquote]“The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another,” said Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists. “All these things start interconnecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz-Partida said policymakers must listen to those who live with these impacts daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be some top-down solutions, but also some bottom-up solutions,” he said. “How can we start that process of equitable transition to cleaner energies? … How can we start bringing a new, more sustainable vision of agriculture in the San Joaquin Valley?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Left behind in the clean energy transition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has established itself as a national leader in climate policy. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/bio/merrian-borgeson/ca-climate-energy-policy-update-summer-2023\">Natural Resources Defense Council estimates\u003c/a> the state has committed to spend more than $52 billion over the next several years to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents\">transition off fossil fuels\u003c/a> and tackle the effects of climate change. That’s in addition to the hundreds of millions of dollars from President Joe Biden’s Infrastructure Act and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/California.pdf\">Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> that will soon flow to the state to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet low-income immigrant communities in rural areas that are among the most impacted have not always seen the benefit — and could be at risk of losing out again. [aside postID=news_11943590 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMatters_01-1020x680.jpg'] A \u003ca href=\"https://www.next10.org/publications/local-climate\">new report\u003c/a> from UC Berkeley’s Center for Law, Energy, & the Environment, and two nonprofits — the Institute for Local Government and Next 10 — found that many California municipalities, especially smaller ones, need to staff up and develop detailed climate action plans if they want a shot at competitive grants for the unprecedented funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the state faces worsening impacts from climate change, local governments are the front-line defense for our communities,” said F. Noel Perry, founder of Next 10. “We need to identify the barriers cities and counties face so we can take full advantage of the historic federal and state funding available to better protect ourselves now and in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anna Caballero represents some of the San Joaquin Valley’s poorest places and said climate policies don’t work if they only benefit wealthier residents of coastal cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s seen plenty of well-intentioned climate programs miss the mark for her Central Valley constituents. One example is rebates for purchasing electric cars and solar panels, which require paying the full price upfront and getting the discount later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The urgency of getting this right and including rural communities in our discussion about climate change is that we’re going to end up with two separate worlds,” she said. “If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you. There’s no job. There’s no way to pay your bills. And your community has no way of sustaining itself.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"State Sen. Anna Caballero\"]‘If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you.’[/pullquote]The region’s economy is dominated by agriculture and fossil fuel extraction industries, whose leaders trend Republican and have often resisted Democratic moves to slash carbon emissions and protect water and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, 55% of the San Joaquin Valley’s 4.3 million residents live in disadvantaged communities, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> for the region. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS%20Research%20Report%2015.pdf\">Among California farmworkers, 9 in 10 are immigrants\u003c/a>, and 8 in 10 are not citizens. Though their labor is essential, and many have lived here for decades, they can’t vote, so their voices and experiences aren’t always represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Caballero, a Democrat, and many other lawmakers and advocates have been pushing for equitable solutions, and some are beginning to bear fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The river is their backyard’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The unincorporated community of Grayson, on the west bank of the San Joaquin River, is just five-by-six blocks. The only business, The One-Stop, is a gas station, convenience store, lunch counter and laundromat rolled into one. Residents rely on wells for drinking water that are often contaminated with agricultural chemicals from surrounding fields. Flooding has long been a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lilia Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, pointed out some older homes on Charles Street, where the water rose ominously as rain pounded the region last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a dry field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lilia Lomelí-Gil walks along the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near her home in Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, said the natural floodplain protected Grayson from flooding last winter and creates a place where community residents can get closer to nature. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The river is their backyard,” she said. “The lady that lives right there in that little house was at risk of getting flooded. It did go up to their yard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomelí-Gil, 71, knows that risk firsthand. Back in 1997, she was living in nearby Modesto when \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXEza6kPyFk\">a massive flood hit on New Year’s Day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lost my home,” she said. “Because the waters came in 4-feet high. And since we were downriver from the sewage plant, of course, it was all contaminated waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She salvaged what she could and moved back to Grayson, where she’d grown up the daughter of farmworkers from Mexico. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lilia Lomelí-Gil, co-founder, Grayson United Community Center\"]‘Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health. I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.’[/pullquote]During last winter’s storms, levees failed and catastrophic floods devastated other farmworker communities, like Pajaro and Planada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Grayson, the San Joaquin River surged, but the outcome was very different: the town did not flood. One reason? A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/28/1178441292/flood-protection-california\">recent floodplain restoration project\u003c/a> allowed the fast-moving river to spread over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work was done by \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org\">River Partners\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that restores riverside habitats around California. The group purchased unused farmland abutting the river, then removed the earthen berms holding the water in its channel. Dozens of people from the local community, including Lomelí-Gil, got involved in planting native tree saplings and grasses to restore wildlife habitat in the new floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekday, Lomelí-Gil tramped down an abandoned road at the end of Minnie Street to show off the plantings. Once the work is complete, she said, she’s looking forward to taking kids and seniors from the community center out to walk along trails by the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health,” she said, stopping to listen to the sound of the birds and the babbling water. “I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing levees to allow floods to flow across fallow farmland is a low-tech solution with significant payoffs, River Partners executive director Julie Rentner said. It not only reduces flood risk and expands wildlife habitat and space for recreation, but it refills underground aquifers that have been depleted by decades of over-pumping — and that should lead to cleaner drinking water for Lomelí-Gil and her neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar projects will soon break ground. In the wake of last winter’s storms, state lawmakers budgeted nearly half a billion dollars to shore up levees and rebuild damaged communities. Tucked in there was $40 million for River Partners to restore natural floodplains on 2,500 more acres elsewhere along the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That money is only a downpayment on what’s ultimately needed, Rentner said, but it’s an important step that could be a game-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thinking more holistically about how we manage our water and our soil and our communities,” she said. ”So that we can find solutions to climate resilience that benefit us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Weatherization on steroids’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is another consequence of climate change hitting the San Joaquin Valley hard. Scientists calculate that annual average maximum \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">temperatures increased by 1F from 1950 to 2020\u003c/a>. In 2021, Fresno experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/media/hnx/SEPTEMBER%202021%20WEATHER%20SUMMARY.pdf\">a record 69 straight days with temperatures over 100F\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the little city of Tulare, nearly three hours south of Grayson, Arturo Yañez, 55, unloads crates of kiwis and pomegranates. He said in the three decades he’s lived in the valley, he’s felt it get a little hotter each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966816\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap looks at photos on a shelf inside a home.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arturo Yañez looks at family photos at his home in Tulare on Aug. 31. He received home weatherization and solar panels through a state program for green energy retrofits for farmworkers’ households. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This year, too, it was extremely hot,” he said in Spanish. “To work in these temperatures is tough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help mitigate the heat, California uses funds from the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/california-climate-investments\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to weatherize homes of low-income families, with some of that money \u003ca href=\"https://www.csd.ca.gov/Pages/Farmworker-Housing-Component.aspx\">carved out for the small percentage of farmworkers who are homeowners\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yañez is one of them. On a late summer afternoon, he showed where a crew had laid insulation in his attic and installed ceiling fans. An efficient, electric air-conditioning system was on the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the thermometer outdoors still reading 103 F at 5 p.m., those measures would make the house more comfortable, he said, and keep his energy costs more manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s tough to cover all the bills,” he said, adding that when it’s too hot to safely work outside, farmworkers are sent home early, costing them hours on their paychecks. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Arturo Yañez, San Joaquin Valley resident\"]‘We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.’[/pullquote]Yañez had also applied for solar panels through the weatherization program, and that afternoon he learned that he’d qualified. His face lit up in relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s wonderful!” he said. “We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caballero said efforts like these are exactly what the valley needs but they must expand rapidly, to include hundreds of thousands of farmworker families who rent, often in shoddy homes with poor insulation and no air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of ‘weatherization on steroids,’” she said. “The benefits could be very, very powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office published an \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">extreme heat action plan\u003c/a>, and the legislature budgeted $1.1 billion for “decarbonization” retrofits in the homes of low- and moderate-income Californians, such as electric appliances and heat pumps for heating and cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Caballero wrote a bill, signed by Gov. Newsom, to monitor where those funds are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to make sure that, with limited funds, we started with the communities that had the worst extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building a greener economy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the town of Huron, becoming more climate resilient is also about creating new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by tomato fields and almond orchards, the Fresno County town of about 6,000 is not the kind of place you’d expect to see Teslas and Chevy Volts. The poverty rate is 40%, and just 3 in 10 adults have finished high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person with a moustache and wearing a baseball cap stands in front of a white car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huron Mayor Rey León stands near an electric vehicle outside the Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as LEAP, in Huron, Calif., on Sept. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet, from a former diesel garage on an alley behind the struggling main street, a busy rideshare service dispatches drivers in shiny electric cars to ferry Huron residents to the doctor and other appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free program is called \u003ca href=\"https://greenraiteros.org\">Green Raiteros\u003c/a>, a play on the Spanish slang for someone who gives rides. The five-year-old project is the brainchild of Rey León, founding director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://theleapinstitute.org\">Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute\u003c/a>, or LEAP. Green Raiteros is funded with state grants. And drivers are employees, not gig workers, with pay starting at $18 per hour, according to LEAP staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León, who’s also Huron’s mayor, said the program is part of his vision of meeting basic needs like transportation while leaning into the green economy. The hope is to both reduce emissions and create jobs, preparing the workforce as climate change-induced drought disrupts the agricultural economy of the Central Valley. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Huron Mayor Rey León\"]‘Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time.’[/pullquote]“Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time,” said León, sitting in his office upstairs from the dispatchers. “We hope we can make the investments necessary to employ, empower and really animate folks from the community to advance their economy — with innovative technologies so that we can simultaneously fight the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León sees the physical health of his community as intertwined with its economic health — and both as inextricably linked with the health of the environment where they live: \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/california-has-some-of-the-worst-air-quality-in-the-country-the-problem-is-rooted-in-the-san-joaquin-valley\">one of the most contaminated air basins in the nation\u003c/a>. Huron residents breathe air that carries dust from the fields, pesticides and smog from nearby Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other efforts, León has installed 30 EV charging stations around town, planted 300 street trees and enacted measures to promote water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, León is aware that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/environment/2022-11-03/amid-californias-three-year-drought-a-san-joaquin-valley-farmworker-considers-seeking-work-outside-the-region\">tens of thousands of agricultural jobs could dry up\u003c/a> in coming years, as climate-change-fueled drought persists and environmental laws to restore depleted aquifers take effect. The LEAP headquarters on the alley is an incubator for projects he hopes will eventually lead to hundreds of well-paying jobs in manufacturing and environmental stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960224\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960224\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap looks out the window from the backseat of a car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Enrique Contreras gets a ride in an all-electric vehicle from the Green Raiteros rideshare program in Huron, Calif., to a doctor’s appointment on Sept. 1, 2023. The program is run by Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as Leap. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one bay of the garage, several men were building prototypes of portable trailers with solar panels on top, that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">California Energy Commission hopes can serve as emergency shelters\u003c/a> and power stations, to deploy during wildfires or other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in a greenhouse behind the garage, two workers are running an experiment, funded by the USDA, to test a liquid organic fertilizer on tomatoes — with hopes of scaling up production and using local agricultural waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Huron’s mayor, León is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">scoping the possibility of developing a park\u003c/a> and nature conservancy on 3,000 acres of overgrown federal land just outside of town. He envisions replenishing the underground aquifer there using the town’s treated wastewater, and employing residents to build trails and plant native trees grown in LEAP greenhouses.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Solange Gould, co-director, Human Impact Partners\"]‘There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.’[/pullquote]León’s dreams are big, but they’ll take more money, political muscle and capacity building to realize. He knows they won’t happen overnight and, for now, he’s experimenting at a small scale. The Green Raiteros fleet in Huron has 11 cars, but state grants are funding an expansion, with five additional vehicles in Fresno and three more in the Salinas Valley town of Pajaro. In a poor community like his, León said, such government funding has been essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the resources provided by state agencies, it really wouldn’t be possible,” he said. “We’re farmworkers and, traditionally, farmworkers have never been afforded the privilege of being able to build up wealth. … We hope that with the projects we’re doing, they could see them as pilots for what could be done in similar communities throughout the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farming towns like Huron have had some success winning competitive grants. But even with all the new money flowing from state and federal governments, it often goes to big cities and large nonprofits with sophisticated fundraising operations, leaving small, rural places at a disadvantage — even if their need is intense, some advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are dire inequities on every measure of human wellbeing in the Central Valley because of past and current policies and disinvestment,” said Solange Gould, co-director of Human Impact Partners, a nonprofit that advocates for health equity. “There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Central Valley’s agriculture-driven communities strive for climate resilience with state and federal aid, but funding hurdles persist for its most vulnerable residents.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1702496328,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":60,"wordCount":3418},"headData":{"title":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change | KQED","description":"The Central Valley’s agriculture-driven communities strive for climate resilience with state and federal aid, but funding hurdles persist for its most vulnerable residents.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/52c0dce5-45de-4888-8ce0-b0b9010e9b06/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11966862/how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A rural community on the banks of the San Joaquin River was spared from flooding during last winter’s powerful storms after hundreds of acres of former farmland were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965257/california-looks-to-restore-floodplains-to-protect-communities-from-impacts-of-climate-change\">restored to their natural state as floodplains\u003c/a>, giving the rising water a place to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant family in the Central Valley city of Tulare got relief from 100-degree heat and sky-high energy bills with insulation and energy retrofits installed under a state program to weatherize the homes of low-income farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small town mayor in a region with some of the most polluted air in the nation launched a free rideshare program with a fleet of electric vehicles — the first step in his goal of creating hundreds of green jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are a few of the climate resilience strategies emerging in hard-hit agricultural communities in California’s Central Valley, supported by state and federal funds that could enable local initiatives to scale up. But the very places that need help the most may have the hardest time accessing the funding available, \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/aYv2COYZQzi2BvYEskPu2V?domain=next10.org\">research shows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of San Joaquin Valley face a barrage of challenges as the planet warms and weather patterns shift, often with catastrophic results. Land development has been engineered over decades to maximize agricultural productivity, with little attention to environmental resilience. And low-income immigrant workers, who are the backbone of this economy, are on the front lines, living in communities that lack resources and critical infrastructure to cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer temperatures throughout the valley routinely spike into triple digits, making outdoor work dangerous and shoddily built homes stifling. Wildfires repeatedly blanket the region with smoke, exacerbating the air pollution that leads to the state’s worst rates of asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966814\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A dry field with an irrigation channel alongside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An irrigation channel carries water to new plantings in the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. The restoration work was conducted by the nonprofit River Partners to allow the fast-moving river to spread out over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force and preventing catastrophic flooding. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Violent floods wash away homes and livelihoods in communities with neglected levees and insufficient storm drains. And recurring drought contributes to the fact that most of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-118/index.html\">nearly 1 million Californians who lack access to safe drinking water\u003c/a> live in the Central Valley. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist, Union of Concerned Scientists","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another,” said Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists. “All these things start interconnecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz-Partida said policymakers must listen to those who live with these impacts daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be some top-down solutions, but also some bottom-up solutions,” he said. “How can we start that process of equitable transition to cleaner energies? … How can we start bringing a new, more sustainable vision of agriculture in the San Joaquin Valley?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Left behind in the clean energy transition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has established itself as a national leader in climate policy. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/bio/merrian-borgeson/ca-climate-energy-policy-update-summer-2023\">Natural Resources Defense Council estimates\u003c/a> the state has committed to spend more than $52 billion over the next several years to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents\">transition off fossil fuels\u003c/a> and tackle the effects of climate change. That’s in addition to the hundreds of millions of dollars from President Joe Biden’s Infrastructure Act and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/California.pdf\">Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> that will soon flow to the state to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet low-income immigrant communities in rural areas that are among the most impacted have not always seen the benefit — and could be at risk of losing out again. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11943590","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMatters_01-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> A \u003ca href=\"https://www.next10.org/publications/local-climate\">new report\u003c/a> from UC Berkeley’s Center for Law, Energy, & the Environment, and two nonprofits — the Institute for Local Government and Next 10 — found that many California municipalities, especially smaller ones, need to staff up and develop detailed climate action plans if they want a shot at competitive grants for the unprecedented funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the state faces worsening impacts from climate change, local governments are the front-line defense for our communities,” said F. Noel Perry, founder of Next 10. “We need to identify the barriers cities and counties face so we can take full advantage of the historic federal and state funding available to better protect ourselves now and in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anna Caballero represents some of the San Joaquin Valley’s poorest places and said climate policies don’t work if they only benefit wealthier residents of coastal cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s seen plenty of well-intentioned climate programs miss the mark for her Central Valley constituents. One example is rebates for purchasing electric cars and solar panels, which require paying the full price upfront and getting the discount later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The urgency of getting this right and including rural communities in our discussion about climate change is that we’re going to end up with two separate worlds,” she said. “If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you. There’s no job. There’s no way to pay your bills. And your community has no way of sustaining itself.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"State Sen. Anna Caballero","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The region’s economy is dominated by agriculture and fossil fuel extraction industries, whose leaders trend Republican and have often resisted Democratic moves to slash carbon emissions and protect water and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, 55% of the San Joaquin Valley’s 4.3 million residents live in disadvantaged communities, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> for the region. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS%20Research%20Report%2015.pdf\">Among California farmworkers, 9 in 10 are immigrants\u003c/a>, and 8 in 10 are not citizens. Though their labor is essential, and many have lived here for decades, they can’t vote, so their voices and experiences aren’t always represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Caballero, a Democrat, and many other lawmakers and advocates have been pushing for equitable solutions, and some are beginning to bear fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The river is their backyard’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The unincorporated community of Grayson, on the west bank of the San Joaquin River, is just five-by-six blocks. The only business, The One-Stop, is a gas station, convenience store, lunch counter and laundromat rolled into one. Residents rely on wells for drinking water that are often contaminated with agricultural chemicals from surrounding fields. Flooding has long been a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lilia Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, pointed out some older homes on Charles Street, where the water rose ominously as rain pounded the region last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a dry field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lilia Lomelí-Gil walks along the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near her home in Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, said the natural floodplain protected Grayson from flooding last winter and creates a place where community residents can get closer to nature. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The river is their backyard,” she said. “The lady that lives right there in that little house was at risk of getting flooded. It did go up to their yard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomelí-Gil, 71, knows that risk firsthand. Back in 1997, she was living in nearby Modesto when \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXEza6kPyFk\">a massive flood hit on New Year’s Day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lost my home,” she said. “Because the waters came in 4-feet high. And since we were downriver from the sewage plant, of course, it was all contaminated waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She salvaged what she could and moved back to Grayson, where she’d grown up the daughter of farmworkers from Mexico. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health. I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lilia Lomelí-Gil, co-founder, Grayson United Community Center","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>During last winter’s storms, levees failed and catastrophic floods devastated other farmworker communities, like Pajaro and Planada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Grayson, the San Joaquin River surged, but the outcome was very different: the town did not flood. One reason? A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/28/1178441292/flood-protection-california\">recent floodplain restoration project\u003c/a> allowed the fast-moving river to spread over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work was done by \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org\">River Partners\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that restores riverside habitats around California. The group purchased unused farmland abutting the river, then removed the earthen berms holding the water in its channel. Dozens of people from the local community, including Lomelí-Gil, got involved in planting native tree saplings and grasses to restore wildlife habitat in the new floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekday, Lomelí-Gil tramped down an abandoned road at the end of Minnie Street to show off the plantings. Once the work is complete, she said, she’s looking forward to taking kids and seniors from the community center out to walk along trails by the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health,” she said, stopping to listen to the sound of the birds and the babbling water. “I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing levees to allow floods to flow across fallow farmland is a low-tech solution with significant payoffs, River Partners executive director Julie Rentner said. It not only reduces flood risk and expands wildlife habitat and space for recreation, but it refills underground aquifers that have been depleted by decades of over-pumping — and that should lead to cleaner drinking water for Lomelí-Gil and her neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar projects will soon break ground. In the wake of last winter’s storms, state lawmakers budgeted nearly half a billion dollars to shore up levees and rebuild damaged communities. Tucked in there was $40 million for River Partners to restore natural floodplains on 2,500 more acres elsewhere along the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That money is only a downpayment on what’s ultimately needed, Rentner said, but it’s an important step that could be a game-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thinking more holistically about how we manage our water and our soil and our communities,” she said. ”So that we can find solutions to climate resilience that benefit us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Weatherization on steroids’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is another consequence of climate change hitting the San Joaquin Valley hard. Scientists calculate that annual average maximum \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">temperatures increased by 1F from 1950 to 2020\u003c/a>. In 2021, Fresno experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/media/hnx/SEPTEMBER%202021%20WEATHER%20SUMMARY.pdf\">a record 69 straight days with temperatures over 100F\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the little city of Tulare, nearly three hours south of Grayson, Arturo Yañez, 55, unloads crates of kiwis and pomegranates. He said in the three decades he’s lived in the valley, he’s felt it get a little hotter each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966816\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap looks at photos on a shelf inside a home.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arturo Yañez looks at family photos at his home in Tulare on Aug. 31. He received home weatherization and solar panels through a state program for green energy retrofits for farmworkers’ households. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This year, too, it was extremely hot,” he said in Spanish. “To work in these temperatures is tough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help mitigate the heat, California uses funds from the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/california-climate-investments\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to weatherize homes of low-income families, with some of that money \u003ca href=\"https://www.csd.ca.gov/Pages/Farmworker-Housing-Component.aspx\">carved out for the small percentage of farmworkers who are homeowners\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yañez is one of them. On a late summer afternoon, he showed where a crew had laid insulation in his attic and installed ceiling fans. An efficient, electric air-conditioning system was on the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the thermometer outdoors still reading 103 F at 5 p.m., those measures would make the house more comfortable, he said, and keep his energy costs more manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s tough to cover all the bills,” he said, adding that when it’s too hot to safely work outside, farmworkers are sent home early, costing them hours on their paychecks. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Arturo Yañez, San Joaquin Valley resident","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Yañez had also applied for solar panels through the weatherization program, and that afternoon he learned that he’d qualified. His face lit up in relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s wonderful!” he said. “We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caballero said efforts like these are exactly what the valley needs but they must expand rapidly, to include hundreds of thousands of farmworker families who rent, often in shoddy homes with poor insulation and no air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of ‘weatherization on steroids,’” she said. “The benefits could be very, very powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office published an \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">extreme heat action plan\u003c/a>, and the legislature budgeted $1.1 billion for “decarbonization” retrofits in the homes of low- and moderate-income Californians, such as electric appliances and heat pumps for heating and cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Caballero wrote a bill, signed by Gov. Newsom, to monitor where those funds are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to make sure that, with limited funds, we started with the communities that had the worst extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building a greener economy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the town of Huron, becoming more climate resilient is also about creating new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by tomato fields and almond orchards, the Fresno County town of about 6,000 is not the kind of place you’d expect to see Teslas and Chevy Volts. The poverty rate is 40%, and just 3 in 10 adults have finished high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person with a moustache and wearing a baseball cap stands in front of a white car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huron Mayor Rey León stands near an electric vehicle outside the Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as LEAP, in Huron, Calif., on Sept. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet, from a former diesel garage on an alley behind the struggling main street, a busy rideshare service dispatches drivers in shiny electric cars to ferry Huron residents to the doctor and other appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free program is called \u003ca href=\"https://greenraiteros.org\">Green Raiteros\u003c/a>, a play on the Spanish slang for someone who gives rides. The five-year-old project is the brainchild of Rey León, founding director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://theleapinstitute.org\">Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute\u003c/a>, or LEAP. Green Raiteros is funded with state grants. And drivers are employees, not gig workers, with pay starting at $18 per hour, according to LEAP staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León, who’s also Huron’s mayor, said the program is part of his vision of meeting basic needs like transportation while leaning into the green economy. The hope is to both reduce emissions and create jobs, preparing the workforce as climate change-induced drought disrupts the agricultural economy of the Central Valley. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Huron Mayor Rey León","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time,” said León, sitting in his office upstairs from the dispatchers. “We hope we can make the investments necessary to employ, empower and really animate folks from the community to advance their economy — with innovative technologies so that we can simultaneously fight the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León sees the physical health of his community as intertwined with its economic health — and both as inextricably linked with the health of the environment where they live: \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/california-has-some-of-the-worst-air-quality-in-the-country-the-problem-is-rooted-in-the-san-joaquin-valley\">one of the most contaminated air basins in the nation\u003c/a>. Huron residents breathe air that carries dust from the fields, pesticides and smog from nearby Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other efforts, León has installed 30 EV charging stations around town, planted 300 street trees and enacted measures to promote water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, León is aware that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/environment/2022-11-03/amid-californias-three-year-drought-a-san-joaquin-valley-farmworker-considers-seeking-work-outside-the-region\">tens of thousands of agricultural jobs could dry up\u003c/a> in coming years, as climate-change-fueled drought persists and environmental laws to restore depleted aquifers take effect. The LEAP headquarters on the alley is an incubator for projects he hopes will eventually lead to hundreds of well-paying jobs in manufacturing and environmental stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960224\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960224\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap looks out the window from the backseat of a car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Enrique Contreras gets a ride in an all-electric vehicle from the Green Raiteros rideshare program in Huron, Calif., to a doctor’s appointment on Sept. 1, 2023. The program is run by Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as Leap. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one bay of the garage, several men were building prototypes of portable trailers with solar panels on top, that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">California Energy Commission hopes can serve as emergency shelters\u003c/a> and power stations, to deploy during wildfires or other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in a greenhouse behind the garage, two workers are running an experiment, funded by the USDA, to test a liquid organic fertilizer on tomatoes — with hopes of scaling up production and using local agricultural waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Huron’s mayor, León is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">scoping the possibility of developing a park\u003c/a> and nature conservancy on 3,000 acres of overgrown federal land just outside of town. He envisions replenishing the underground aquifer there using the town’s treated wastewater, and employing residents to build trails and plant native trees grown in LEAP greenhouses.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Solange Gould, co-director, Human Impact Partners","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>León’s dreams are big, but they’ll take more money, political muscle and capacity building to realize. He knows they won’t happen overnight and, for now, he’s experimenting at a small scale. The Green Raiteros fleet in Huron has 11 cars, but state grants are funding an expansion, with five additional vehicles in Fresno and three more in the Salinas Valley town of Pajaro. In a poor community like his, León said, such government funding has been essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the resources provided by state agencies, it really wouldn’t be possible,” he said. “We’re farmworkers and, traditionally, farmworkers have never been afforded the privilege of being able to build up wealth. … We hope that with the projects we’re doing, they could see them as pilots for what could be done in similar communities throughout the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farming towns like Huron have had some success winning competitive grants. But even with all the new money flowing from state and federal governments, it often goes to big cities and large nonprofits with sophisticated fundraising operations, leaving small, rural places at a disadvantage — even if their need is intense, some advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are dire inequities on every measure of human wellbeing in the Central Valley because of past and current policies and disinvestment,” said Solange Gould, co-director of Human Impact Partners, a nonprofit that advocates for health equity. “There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11966862/how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","authors":["259"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_32371","news_311","news_21349","news_19204","news_255","news_18269","news_27626","news_3431","news_30964","news_37","news_32157","news_2929","news_31551","news_5525","news_1775","news_32889","news_20202","news_26422","news_32519","news_32552","news_4695","news_18699"],"featImg":"news_11960227","label":"news_72"},"news_11966024":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11966024","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11966024","score":null,"sort":[1698859602000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-flower-farms-burst-with-marigolds-for-dia-de-los-muertos","title":"Bay Area Flower Farms Burst with Marigolds for Día de los Muertos","publishDate":1698859602,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Flower Farms Burst with Marigolds for Día de los Muertos | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Like many California flower farmers, Lupe Rico has been in a frenzy over the last few days — cutting most of the 30,000 marigolds he grew on his Colma farm in time to sell for Día de los Muertos celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year, we grow a lot because we always come up short,” says Rico, a second-generation farmer. “We put some more this year, and we’re going to see what happens.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lupe Rico, second-generation farmer in Colma\"]‘You’re going to see orange everywhere.’[/pullquote]It’s impossible to imagine \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/dia-de-los-muertos\">Día de los Muertos\u003c/a>, which begins Wednesday, without marigolds. These many-petaled flowers adorn the altars made for the holiday. The flowers’ bright orange color and sweet, earthy smell are believed to help lure the souls of the dead from their graves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rico sells his flowers at the San Francisco Flower Market, a wholesale market housed in a row of cavernous warehouses in the city’s SOMA neighborhood. The market has over 4,000 registered buyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days before the holiday, Rico says, the warehouse will fill up with marigolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see orange everywhere,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many regional flower wholesalers say marigold sales have gone up in the past few years. One likely reason is the 2017 Disney film \u003cem>Coco\u003c/em> about Día de los Muertos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is kind of funny, but I will say after \u003cem>Coco\u003c/em>, [there’s been an] increase of people interested in the traditional Mexican Day of the Dead. It’s been so popular,” says Raul Dueñas, the account manager for Rafa’s Wholesale Flowers, which also sells at the SF Flower Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dueñas, also a floral designer, says a spate of restaurants, schools and hotels have been asking him to install marigold displays this year, and his business expects to sell 2,000 more bunches than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Bunches of marigolds in plastic wrapping.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marigolds sit on display at Rafa’s Wholesale at the San Francisco Flower Market in San Francisco on Oct. 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lisa Filice, the owner of Regional Farms, a flower wholesaler based in Gilroy, says she’s noticed a notable uptick in marigold sales, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Walmart has Día de los Muertos decorations, it must be big, right?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the Bay Area’s rapidly growing Indian population, marigolds are also often used in wedding garlands and for the holiday Diwali, which falls on Nov. 12 this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s driven by supply or driven by demand, it’s clear that we’re selling more and more marigolds,” says Alexander Peter Bottemanne, a flower industry consultant. [aside postID=news_11930492 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52357_037_SanFrancisco_DiadelosMuertos_11022021-qut-1020x680.jpg']According to Bottemanne, in recent years, Ecuador has emerged as a major exporter of marigolds and other flowers that used to be grown in California. He says higher land prices in California have caused many flower farmers to sell their land or switch to more profitable crops than flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the uptick, marigolds aren’t driving huge profits for most local florists, like Mauricio Vivas, owner of Tony Rossi and Sons Flower Shop in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our sales probably go up maybe about 10%,” he says. “It’s not that much of an increase in our sales just because of the price of the flower. It’s not a very expensive flower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One bunch of marigolds sells for about $10 to $15, as compared to a bunch of roses, which sells for more than twice that amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vivas contends it’s still worth having the festive orange flowers on hand. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Mauricio Vivas, owner, Tony Rossi and Sons Flower Shop in Oakland\"]‘It’s like if I would have been there when my actual ancestors were doing the same rituals that we are doing now. I feel like I was there too.’[/pullquote]“It brings people, and then they buy something else that we have at the store,” he says, pointing to papel picado, candles and other items typically used to decorate community altars and private ones in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vivas, who is from Michoacán, Mexico, also has a personal connection to marigolds. When he picks up a bunch of them, he says, the hairs on the back of his arm stand up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like if I would have been there when my actual ancestors were doing the same rituals that we are doing now,” he says. “I feel like I was there too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vivas added that he just loves marigolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965705\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965705\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person reaches for something beween bouquets of marigolds in a large indoor setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lupe Rico helps customers with marigolds at Lupe Farms at the San Francisco Flower Market in San Francisco on Oct. 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you see this flower from far away, it will just brighten up your eyes. It’ll just kind of make you happy,” he says. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lupe Rico, second-generation farmer in Colma\"]‘So when I’m cutting flowers right now, I say, ‘Dad, I’m cutting the flower that you used to cut. I feel in peace.’[/pullquote]Lupe Rico, the farmer from Colma, says he’s made an altar to remember his father, who died this year and whom he worked alongside at their farm for over 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So when I’m cutting flowers right now, I say, ‘Dad, I’m cutting the flower that you used to cut,’” he says, holding back tears. “I feel in peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"One California flower farmer said he recently cut most of the 30,000 marigolds he grew on his land in Colma just in time to sell for Día de los Muertos celebrations.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1698865797,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":998},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Flower Farms Burst with Marigolds for Día de los Muertos | KQED","description":"One California flower farmer said he recently cut most of the 30,000 marigolds he grew on his land in Colma just in time to sell for Día de los Muertos celebrations.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/ef7fa392-830e-43a5-b3bb-b0ad01013d48/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11966024/bay-area-flower-farms-burst-with-marigolds-for-dia-de-los-muertos","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Like many California flower farmers, Lupe Rico has been in a frenzy over the last few days — cutting most of the 30,000 marigolds he grew on his Colma farm in time to sell for Día de los Muertos celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year, we grow a lot because we always come up short,” says Rico, a second-generation farmer. “We put some more this year, and we’re going to see what happens.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘You’re going to see orange everywhere.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lupe Rico, second-generation farmer in Colma","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s impossible to imagine \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/dia-de-los-muertos\">Día de los Muertos\u003c/a>, which begins Wednesday, without marigolds. These many-petaled flowers adorn the altars made for the holiday. The flowers’ bright orange color and sweet, earthy smell are believed to help lure the souls of the dead from their graves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rico sells his flowers at the San Francisco Flower Market, a wholesale market housed in a row of cavernous warehouses in the city’s SOMA neighborhood. The market has over 4,000 registered buyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days before the holiday, Rico says, the warehouse will fill up with marigolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see orange everywhere,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many regional flower wholesalers say marigold sales have gone up in the past few years. One likely reason is the 2017 Disney film \u003cem>Coco\u003c/em> about Día de los Muertos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is kind of funny, but I will say after \u003cem>Coco\u003c/em>, [there’s been an] increase of people interested in the traditional Mexican Day of the Dead. It’s been so popular,” says Raul Dueñas, the account manager for Rafa’s Wholesale Flowers, which also sells at the SF Flower Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dueñas, also a floral designer, says a spate of restaurants, schools and hotels have been asking him to install marigold displays this year, and his business expects to sell 2,000 more bunches than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Bunches of marigolds in plastic wrapping.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-04-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marigolds sit on display at Rafa’s Wholesale at the San Francisco Flower Market in San Francisco on Oct. 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lisa Filice, the owner of Regional Farms, a flower wholesaler based in Gilroy, says she’s noticed a notable uptick in marigold sales, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Walmart has Día de los Muertos decorations, it must be big, right?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the Bay Area’s rapidly growing Indian population, marigolds are also often used in wedding garlands and for the holiday Diwali, which falls on Nov. 12 this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s driven by supply or driven by demand, it’s clear that we’re selling more and more marigolds,” says Alexander Peter Bottemanne, a flower industry consultant. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11930492","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52357_037_SanFrancisco_DiadelosMuertos_11022021-qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to Bottemanne, in recent years, Ecuador has emerged as a major exporter of marigolds and other flowers that used to be grown in California. He says higher land prices in California have caused many flower farmers to sell their land or switch to more profitable crops than flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the uptick, marigolds aren’t driving huge profits for most local florists, like Mauricio Vivas, owner of Tony Rossi and Sons Flower Shop in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our sales probably go up maybe about 10%,” he says. “It’s not that much of an increase in our sales just because of the price of the flower. It’s not a very expensive flower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One bunch of marigolds sells for about $10 to $15, as compared to a bunch of roses, which sells for more than twice that amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vivas contends it’s still worth having the festive orange flowers on hand. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘It’s like if I would have been there when my actual ancestors were doing the same rituals that we are doing now. I feel like I was there too.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Mauricio Vivas, owner, Tony Rossi and Sons Flower Shop in Oakland","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It brings people, and then they buy something else that we have at the store,” he says, pointing to papel picado, candles and other items typically used to decorate community altars and private ones in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vivas, who is from Michoacán, Mexico, also has a personal connection to marigolds. When he picks up a bunch of them, he says, the hairs on the back of his arm stand up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like if I would have been there when my actual ancestors were doing the same rituals that we are doing now,” he says. “I feel like I was there too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vivas added that he just loves marigolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965705\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965705\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person reaches for something beween bouquets of marigolds in a large indoor setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231026-DayoftheDeadMarigolds-07-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lupe Rico helps customers with marigolds at Lupe Farms at the San Francisco Flower Market in San Francisco on Oct. 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you see this flower from far away, it will just brighten up your eyes. It’ll just kind of make you happy,” he says. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘So when I’m cutting flowers right now, I say, ‘Dad, I’m cutting the flower that you used to cut. I feel in peace.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lupe Rico, second-generation farmer in Colma","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lupe Rico, the farmer from Colma, says he’s made an altar to remember his father, who died this year and whom he worked alongside at their farm for over 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So when I’m cutting flowers right now, I say, ‘Dad, I’m cutting the flower that you used to cut,’” he says, holding back tears. “I feel in peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11966024/bay-area-flower-farms-burst-with-marigolds-for-dia-de-los-muertos","authors":["11785"],"categories":["news_29992","news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_19133","news_18538","news_1620","news_33425","news_3070","news_22973","news_20131","news_20132","news_20356","news_27626","news_85","news_25066","news_30085","news_20138","news_28736","news_18","news_38","news_33424","news_20730"],"featImg":"news_11965706","label":"news"},"news_11943590":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11943590","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11943590","score":null,"sort":[1678971642000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"thousands-of-californians-arent-eligible-for-federal-aid-after-storms-heres-why","title":"Thousands of Californians Aren't Eligible for Federal Aid After Storms. Here's Why","publishDate":1678971642,"format":"standard","headTitle":"CALmatters | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18481,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>It was late Friday morning when muddy, brown water started rushing onto Michelle Hackett’s Salinas Valley farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side of her family’s Riverview Farms cannabis business, a county-mandated retention pond overflowed. Next door, a farm abandoned by another grower — one of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\">dozens of cannabis businesses to shut down in Monterey County\u003c/a> in recent years — spawned another small river headed straight for Hackett and her skeleton crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water completely stopped and backed up,” Hackett said. “I thought, ‘Holy s---, this is going to flood our greenhouses.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cannabis businesses like Hackett’s — along with thousands of undocumented farmworkers and the area’s unhoused residents — fear they’ll be left to fend for themselves as yet another winter storm batters California’s Central Coast, local officials and advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented workers and cannabis businesses are, by law, ineligible for federally funded programs such as unemployment or aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now — after days of wind and rain and a Pajaro River levee failure flooded the area, displacing hundreds of people in Monterey County alone — details are lacking about how state officials would respond to calls to direct state funds and other disaster relief to these communities in the region known as \u003ca href=\"https://asmith.ucdavis.edu/news/whither-salinas-valley#:~:text=Salinas%20Valley%20grows%20almost%20half,over%2080%25%20of%20its%20artichokes.\">America’s salad bowl\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has stepped into the breach before, offering some \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/04/15/governor-newsom-announces-new-initiatives-to-support-california-workers-impacted-by-covid-19/\">support to undocumented workers\u003c/a> during the height of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/04/california-undocumented-immigrants/\">COVID-19 pandemic\u003c/a>, and to some cannabis farmers whose crops were \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/resources/disaster-relief-programs/\">damaged in wildfires\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an issue complicated by competing political priorities and a projected \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/12/california-budget-deficit-safety-net/\">$24 billion state budget deficit\u003c/a> for the coming year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom is scheduled to survey flood and storm damage in Monterey County on March 15, including the inundated farmworker town of Pajaro. He will be getting an update from local officials, a spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Newsom planned his visit, many officials and advocates said they hope to hear how the state will help. A few lawmakers said they’re exploring legislative options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943670\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943670\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view shows many buildings, homes, streets and cars flooded with brown water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1430\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1536x858.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-2048x1144.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1920x1072.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view shows a flooded neighborhood in the unincorporated community of Pajaro in Watsonville, on March 11, 2023. Residents were forced to evacuate in the middle of the night after an atmospheric river storm surge broke the Pajaro levee and sent floodwaters flowing into the community. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think we need to step up our efforts to help those who are undocumented and can’t earn a paycheck because of the current rains and floods,” said Assemblymember Miguel Santiago, a Democrat representing Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is co-sponsoring \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB227\">Senate Bill 227\u003c/a> to provide \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/02/california-safety-net/\">unemployment benefits\u003c/a> to undocumented Californians. About \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/clc.ucmerced.edu/files/page/documents/fwhs_report_2.2.2383.pdf?_gl=1*pc2ynm*_ga*MTQ2ODM4OTYwMC4xNjc1Mzg4NTc3*_ga_TSE2LSBDQZ*MTY3ODg0OTMxNC4zLjEuMTY3ODg0OTMyMS41My4wLjA.\">6 in 10 farmworkers are not eligible for unemployment benefits (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santiago said the current situation is frustrating because he has advocated for years for more safety-net programs that could have helped families hurt by the flooding. If such legislation were in place, he said, “we’d be able to have a place where we could go get people some financial relief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Assemblymember Miguel Santiago (D-Los Angeles)\"]'I think we need to step up our efforts to help those who are undocumented and can't earn a paycheck because of the current rains and floods.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Robert Rivas of Salinas, chosen by his fellow Democrats to be the next Assembly Speaker, noted in a statement to CalMatters that undocumented workers typically don’t qualify for federal assistance funds for emergency housing, home repairs, personal property loss, funeral expenses and other aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My office, in collaboration with other legislative offices, is exploring immediate legislative and budget action to provide relief for these vulnerable communities,” Rivas said, noting that the workers also had been ineligible for many COVID-19 relief programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state began filling some of that gap during the pandemic. Undocumented workers were eligible for $1,700 in state funds: a $500 COVID-19 disaster relief prepaid card and $1,200 from the Golden State Stimulus Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday afternoon, groups of people remained in tents along the flooded Pajaro River. Despite large federal and state housing budgets, many of those people don’t have homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmworker families in the flooded region are undocumented, from Indigenous groups, and don’t speak either English or Spanish well, said Eloy Ortiz, board member for the Watsonville-based \u003ca href=\"https://farmworkerfamily.org/board-of-directors\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That complicates attempts to apply for assistance on behalf of the legal residents in their household. Some were rejected when they applied for aid in January, Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The folks who have been flooded out, if it were a normal year, they’d be starting to go back to the fields to work right now,” Ortiz said. “And now they will probably not be able to go back for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='California Storm Coverage' tag='california-storm']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20,000 acres of agricultural land in Monterey County will likely sit fallow because of stormwater contamination, noted Monterey County Supervisor Luis Alejo, a former Assembly member from Watsonville, in a tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are low-income Latino families, and the start of the harvest season for strawberries, raspberries and other crops is in March. Now farmworkers will be out of work,” he wrote Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge our state leaders to provide aid in the state budget for undocumented flood victims who do not qualify for FEMA assistance & additional relief for farmworkers who will be out of work due to flooded ag fields and not qualifying for unemployment insurance,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial pain they will face will be severe & prolonged!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as 8,500 people were under flood evacuation warnings in Monterey County over the weekend. The California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services \u003ca href=\"https://news.caloes.ca.gov/shelters-available-for-residents-impacted-by-march-storms-03-14-23/\">reported that more than 300 people had stayed in five shelters across Santa Cruz and Monterey counties\u003c/a> Monday night, the vast majority taking shelter at the Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SupervisorAlejo/status/1635917913394937857\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Salinas, Hackett, 32, said her choice was simple as the storm bore down: save herself, or say goodbye to a crop that has already weathered a steep drop in prices and other industry pressures. At least 56 cannabis businesses have closed in Monterey County in recent years, according to a recent estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the water rose Friday morning, Hackett and her team who normally would be busy trimming plants or readying retail products instead shut down early to reinforce storm ditches and forge cement slabs into an impromptu flood wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, as another storm knocked out power at her two adjacent 10-acre farms, Hackett said she is unaware of any aid available for cannabis businesses affected by flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ideally if we were any other business, we would have immediately had help,” Hackett said. “Whether it be the county, whether it be the state — someone needs to be held accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longer term, Hackett said she fears climate change and economic obstacles will point her industry toward the same downward trajectory that wiped out many of the flower growers who once thrived in the same Monterey County greenhouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943673\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of bright green cannabis plants inside a greenhouse during the daytime.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The inside of a cannabis greenhouse. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She isn’t alone in her frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joey Espinoza, a Salinas-raised cannabis compliance consultant, said several of his clients were directly affected by floodwaters, including one grower who had to evacuate plants from a flooded greenhouse. Even while the ground was still muddy, he said, many cannabis farmers have turned their attention to other pressing challenges in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cannabis remains illegal at the national level, Espinoza said, local growers shut out of federal financial aid are now confronting storm damage after a collapse in cannabis prices and while facing a tight deadline to apply for new state licenses by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry advocates say\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\"> the economic turmoil\u003c/a> stems from a mix of overproduction of legal and illegal cannabis, as well as ever-changing taxes and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s layers of issues with all of this,” Espinoza said. “And the thing to remember is, there’s not gonna be a lot of relief for cannabis in terms of FEMA and things like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear exactly what the state might do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Cannabis Control told CalMatters that, under current state law, \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/resources/disaster-relief-programs/\">cannabis businesses affected by disasters may apply for temporary waivers of license requirements\u003c/a> if they become unable to meet regulatory requirements. State \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/applicants/application-resources/\">licensing rules\u003c/a> govern everything from sometimes-costly infrastructure requirements to the way products are transported and secured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All requests are reviewed on a case-by-case basis and aim to provide regulatory relief to licensees for impacts related to issues including flooding,” said David Hafner, department spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past the \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/2021/09/disaster-relief-for-cannabis-businesses-affected-by-fires/\">department has offered support for cannabis growers\u003c/a> affected by wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few lawmakers voiced ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, some residents took matters into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabino Orozco Avila was getting ready to serve dinner to neighbors gathered on a walkway above the rushing Pajaro River late Tuesday afternoon, a stone’s throw from his daughter’s home in Pajaro. While his daughter remained evacuated, Avila, owner of a longtime food business, Tacos Los Jacona — a nod to his Michoacán hometown — had prepared carne asada, rice and beans for the community that had long supported him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that people need me,” he said in Spanish, “I’ll be here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Many cannabis farms and undocumented farmworkers lost their homes and livelihoods, yet they won't qualify for federal help. Will legislators and Gov. Gavin Newsom, who's expected to visit flooded areas on March 15, commit state funds to remedy that?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1678990461,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":47,"wordCount":1626},"headData":{"title":"Thousands of Californians Aren't Eligible for Federal Aid After Storms. Here's Why | KQED","description":"Many cannabis farms and undocumented farmworkers lost their homes and livelihoods, yet they won't qualify for federal help. Will legislators and Gov. Gavin Newsom, who's expected to visit flooded areas on March 15, commit state funds to remedy that?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/laurenhepler/\">Lauren Hepler\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/nicole-foy/\">Nicole Foy \u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/wendy-fry/\">Wendy Fry\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943590/thousands-of-californians-arent-eligible-for-federal-aid-after-storms-heres-why","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was late Friday morning when muddy, brown water started rushing onto Michelle Hackett’s Salinas Valley farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side of her family’s Riverview Farms cannabis business, a county-mandated retention pond overflowed. Next door, a farm abandoned by another grower — one of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\">dozens of cannabis businesses to shut down in Monterey County\u003c/a> in recent years — spawned another small river headed straight for Hackett and her skeleton crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water completely stopped and backed up,” Hackett said. “I thought, ‘Holy s---, this is going to flood our greenhouses.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cannabis businesses like Hackett’s — along with thousands of undocumented farmworkers and the area’s unhoused residents — fear they’ll be left to fend for themselves as yet another winter storm batters California’s Central Coast, local officials and advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented workers and cannabis businesses are, by law, ineligible for federally funded programs such as unemployment or aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now — after days of wind and rain and a Pajaro River levee failure flooded the area, displacing hundreds of people in Monterey County alone — details are lacking about how state officials would respond to calls to direct state funds and other disaster relief to these communities in the region known as \u003ca href=\"https://asmith.ucdavis.edu/news/whither-salinas-valley#:~:text=Salinas%20Valley%20grows%20almost%20half,over%2080%25%20of%20its%20artichokes.\">America’s salad bowl\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has stepped into the breach before, offering some \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/04/15/governor-newsom-announces-new-initiatives-to-support-california-workers-impacted-by-covid-19/\">support to undocumented workers\u003c/a> during the height of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/04/california-undocumented-immigrants/\">COVID-19 pandemic\u003c/a>, and to some cannabis farmers whose crops were \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/resources/disaster-relief-programs/\">damaged in wildfires\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an issue complicated by competing political priorities and a projected \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/12/california-budget-deficit-safety-net/\">$24 billion state budget deficit\u003c/a> for the coming year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom is scheduled to survey flood and storm damage in Monterey County on March 15, including the inundated farmworker town of Pajaro. He will be getting an update from local officials, a spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Newsom planned his visit, many officials and advocates said they hope to hear how the state will help. A few lawmakers said they’re exploring legislative options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943670\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943670\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view shows many buildings, homes, streets and cars flooded with brown water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1430\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-800x447.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1020x570.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1536x858.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-2048x1144.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248040438-1920x1072.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view shows a flooded neighborhood in the unincorporated community of Pajaro in Watsonville, on March 11, 2023. Residents were forced to evacuate in the middle of the night after an atmospheric river storm surge broke the Pajaro levee and sent floodwaters flowing into the community. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think we need to step up our efforts to help those who are undocumented and can’t earn a paycheck because of the current rains and floods,” said Assemblymember Miguel Santiago, a Democrat representing Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is co-sponsoring \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB227\">Senate Bill 227\u003c/a> to provide \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/02/california-safety-net/\">unemployment benefits\u003c/a> to undocumented Californians. About \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/clc.ucmerced.edu/files/page/documents/fwhs_report_2.2.2383.pdf?_gl=1*pc2ynm*_ga*MTQ2ODM4OTYwMC4xNjc1Mzg4NTc3*_ga_TSE2LSBDQZ*MTY3ODg0OTMxNC4zLjEuMTY3ODg0OTMyMS41My4wLjA.\">6 in 10 farmworkers are not eligible for unemployment benefits (PDF)\u003c/a>, according to studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santiago said the current situation is frustrating because he has advocated for years for more safety-net programs that could have helped families hurt by the flooding. If such legislation were in place, he said, “we’d be able to have a place where we could go get people some financial relief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I think we need to step up our efforts to help those who are undocumented and can't earn a paycheck because of the current rains and floods.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Assemblymember Miguel Santiago (D-Los Angeles)","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Robert Rivas of Salinas, chosen by his fellow Democrats to be the next Assembly Speaker, noted in a statement to CalMatters that undocumented workers typically don’t qualify for federal assistance funds for emergency housing, home repairs, personal property loss, funeral expenses and other aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My office, in collaboration with other legislative offices, is exploring immediate legislative and budget action to provide relief for these vulnerable communities,” Rivas said, noting that the workers also had been ineligible for many COVID-19 relief programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state began filling some of that gap during the pandemic. Undocumented workers were eligible for $1,700 in state funds: a $500 COVID-19 disaster relief prepaid card and $1,200 from the Golden State Stimulus Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday afternoon, groups of people remained in tents along the flooded Pajaro River. Despite large federal and state housing budgets, many of those people don’t have homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmworker families in the flooded region are undocumented, from Indigenous groups, and don’t speak either English or Spanish well, said Eloy Ortiz, board member for the Watsonville-based \u003ca href=\"https://farmworkerfamily.org/board-of-directors\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That complicates attempts to apply for assistance on behalf of the legal residents in their household. Some were rejected when they applied for aid in January, Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The folks who have been flooded out, if it were a normal year, they’d be starting to go back to the fields to work right now,” Ortiz said. “And now they will probably not be able to go back for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"California Storm Coverage ","tag":"california-storm"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20,000 acres of agricultural land in Monterey County will likely sit fallow because of stormwater contamination, noted Monterey County Supervisor Luis Alejo, a former Assembly member from Watsonville, in a tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are low-income Latino families, and the start of the harvest season for strawberries, raspberries and other crops is in March. Now farmworkers will be out of work,” he wrote Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge our state leaders to provide aid in the state budget for undocumented flood victims who do not qualify for FEMA assistance & additional relief for farmworkers who will be out of work due to flooded ag fields and not qualifying for unemployment insurance,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial pain they will face will be severe & prolonged!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as 8,500 people were under flood evacuation warnings in Monterey County over the weekend. The California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services \u003ca href=\"https://news.caloes.ca.gov/shelters-available-for-residents-impacted-by-march-storms-03-14-23/\">reported that more than 300 people had stayed in five shelters across Santa Cruz and Monterey counties\u003c/a> Monday night, the vast majority taking shelter at the Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1635917913394937857"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In Salinas, Hackett, 32, said her choice was simple as the storm bore down: save herself, or say goodbye to a crop that has already weathered a steep drop in prices and other industry pressures. At least 56 cannabis businesses have closed in Monterey County in recent years, according to a recent estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the water rose Friday morning, Hackett and her team who normally would be busy trimming plants or readying retail products instead shut down early to reinforce storm ditches and forge cement slabs into an impromptu flood wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, as another storm knocked out power at her two adjacent 10-acre farms, Hackett said she is unaware of any aid available for cannabis businesses affected by flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ideally if we were any other business, we would have immediately had help,” Hackett said. “Whether it be the county, whether it be the state — someone needs to be held accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longer term, Hackett said she fears climate change and economic obstacles will point her industry toward the same downward trajectory that wiped out many of the flower growers who once thrived in the same Monterey County greenhouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943673\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of bright green cannabis plants inside a greenhouse during the daytime.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS21243_Grow-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The inside of a cannabis greenhouse. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She isn’t alone in her frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joey Espinoza, a Salinas-raised cannabis compliance consultant, said several of his clients were directly affected by floodwaters, including one grower who had to evacuate plants from a flooded greenhouse. Even while the ground was still muddy, he said, many cannabis farmers have turned their attention to other pressing challenges in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cannabis remains illegal at the national level, Espinoza said, local growers shut out of federal financial aid are now confronting storm damage after a collapse in cannabis prices and while facing a tight deadline to apply for new state licenses by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry advocates say\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\"> the economic turmoil\u003c/a> stems from a mix of overproduction of legal and illegal cannabis, as well as ever-changing taxes and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s layers of issues with all of this,” Espinoza said. “And the thing to remember is, there’s not gonna be a lot of relief for cannabis in terms of FEMA and things like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear exactly what the state might do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Cannabis Control told CalMatters that, under current state law, \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/resources/disaster-relief-programs/\">cannabis businesses affected by disasters may apply for temporary waivers of license requirements\u003c/a> if they become unable to meet regulatory requirements. State \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/applicants/application-resources/\">licensing rules\u003c/a> govern everything from sometimes-costly infrastructure requirements to the way products are transported and secured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All requests are reviewed on a case-by-case basis and aim to provide regulatory relief to licensees for impacts related to issues including flooding,” said David Hafner, department spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past the \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/2021/09/disaster-relief-for-cannabis-businesses-affected-by-fires/\">department has offered support for cannabis growers\u003c/a> affected by wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few lawmakers voiced ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, some residents took matters into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabino Orozco Avila was getting ready to serve dinner to neighbors gathered on a walkway above the rushing Pajaro River late Tuesday afternoon, a stone’s throw from his daughter’s home in Pajaro. While his daughter remained evacuated, Avila, owner of a longtime food business, Tacos Los Jacona — a nod to his Michoacán hometown — had prepared carne asada, rice and beans for the community that had long supported him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that people need me,” he said in Spanish, “I’ll be here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943590/thousands-of-californians-arent-eligible-for-federal-aid-after-storms-heres-why","authors":["byline_news_11943590"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_20061","news_18538","news_31720","news_32136","news_32371","news_31961","news_19963","news_32364","news_32372","news_21497","news_16","news_32519","news_32520","news_32380"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11943666","label":"news_18481"},"news_11943634":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11943634","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11943634","score":null,"sort":[1678960855000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-land-is-so-expensive-how-do-urban-farms-survive","title":"Bay Area Land Is So Expensive. How Do Urban Farms Survive?","publishDate":1678960855,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Land Is So Expensive. How Do Urban Farms Survive? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3Ltoxfg\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Urbina used to ride the San José light rail every day to work. As he looked out the train window, he’d pass by big buildings, busy intersections, offices and apartment complexes. But there was one part of his daily commute that always caught his attention. Amid all that urban infrastructure, the train would pass by a sprawling orange orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This orchard was striking. It took up a whole block with rows and rows of big, bushy orange trees. It looked like a green-and-orange haven amid the North San José suburban sprawl. People would often stop and take photos of the farm, wondering what it was doing in the middle of Silicon Valley. Carlos would spot tractors on the property and farmworkers tending to the trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was weird to me to see a farm in the middle of what seems like super-valuable real estate and, you know, like they’re just doing their farming stuff,” said Carlos. “I found it very curious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orchard struck Carlos for another reason. It reminded him of his favorite place to visit as a child: his grandma’s house. Carlos grew up in Mexico City, and his grandma lived in a small agricultural community in a neighboring state called Tlaxcala. With its bountiful fruit trees and mountains in the distance, the orange orchard bore a striking resemblance to that place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a little nostalgic for that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carlos also wondered how a scene like that could exist in the middle of Silicon Valley, with its notoriously high land prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’d like to know is, who owns it? What kind of products do they grow there? And, finally, how come they are still the owners of that piece of farm?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The orchard\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The orange orchard is located in north San José, right across from the River Oaks light-rail station. It’s in a fairly suburban area, sitting amid a sea of tech company headquarters, school campuses and manufacturing facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After some sleuthing, we tracked down one of the current owners of the property: Alice Moitozo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moitozo is 93 years old and co-owns the orchard with her sister-in-law. She’s lived in a house in the middle of the orchard for 72 years. Her father-in-law, a Portuguese immigrant, bought the property in 1915 and established a dairy operation on-site. Eventually, with the influx of canneries in the region, the Moitozos switched to growing fruit, specifically pears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whole area here, north San José, was all pear orchards,” said Moitozo. The canneries eventually all moved away, many to the San Joaquin Valley. “So my husband and his brother planted the orange trees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was around the 1960s. At a time when property values in Santa Clara Valley were skyrocketing — convincing many farmers to sell their land — the Moitozos stayed and planted the orange trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943645\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An orange tree with dozens of large oranges on its branches that look ready to be picked. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When canning was a larger industry in San José, pears were grown on this land. In the 1960s, as canneries were moving away, the owners turned it into an orange orchard. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moitozo’s husband has since passed away, but their son now manages the orchard, which remains fully operational. They used to sell the oranges, but now they \u003ca href=\"https://www.shfb.org/impact/blog/one-of-the-last-surviving-orchards-in-silicon-valley-donates-92843-pounds-of-oranges/\">donate them\u003c/a> to a local food bank. At this point, it’s essentially an extravagant garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Moitozo said she’s had many buyers express interest in her approximately 15-acre property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a fellow come to my door one time … and he offered me a million dollars an acre,” she said. “I said, ‘No, I’m not selling. I’m going to die here.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Urban farming today\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Silicon Valley has largely converted from farmland to techland, there are still hundreds of urban farms all over the Bay Area. From small-scale vegetables to rooftop flowers, urban farmers are growing all different kinds of things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they all have in common is that it’s hard to make it work financially here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly difficult to be a commercially viable urban farm,” said Eli Zigas, food and agriculture policy director at the San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how they survive, Zigas divides Bay Area urban farms into two general categories: commercial and noncommercial. Commercial farms are ones that make a living on what they grow.\u003cbr>\n“They are in it for the business of agriculture,” said Zigas. Perhaps they sell at a local farmers market or have an online shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncommercial farms, on the other hand, tend to focus more on education.[emailsignup newslettername=\"baycurious\" align=\"right\"]“Those projects are things like community gardens, school gardens and teaching farms,” Zigas said. “In the Bay Area and most of the country, those are the most common forms of urban farming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonprofit farms are incredibly important to urban communities, said Zigas, because they help people connect with the land and learn about ecology, seasons and how to grow their own food. Even the U.S. Department of Agriculture has an advisory committee and various grant opportunities targeted specifically at urban farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While not all urban farms fall squarely into these two categories, Zigas said it’s a helpful framework for understanding how they survive here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand it even better, we visited some farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A skill for life’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At Valley Verde, a nonprofit farm in downtown San José, the mission is simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to learn how to grow their own food,” said Lovepreet Kaur, the farm’s executive director. “We want to teach them a skill for life. We don’t want to just provide a vegetable and say, ‘OK, here you go,’ and that’s it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley Verde was founded in 2012 and currently offers a handful of educational gardening programs specifically for lower-income community members in San José. For example, their Shared Garden program provides participants with the tools and know-how for gardening at home, including a class and materials such as raised beds, soil and seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943648\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A raised garden bed with several small green plants growing. A small greenhouse is in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Native pollinator plants grow at Valley Verde. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those skills can help alleviate food insecurity — a significant issue in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farm also grows food that is culturally relevant to its participants, including okra, bitter melon and Thai chili peppers. That’s important to Kaur, who immigrated to the U.S. from India when she was 11 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came here to the U.S., there were a lot of vegetables that I grew up eating that were no longer accessible to me,” she said. “I didn’t see them at any stores, or if you did, they were very, very expensive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943650\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943650 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bespectacled Indian woman with her head completely covered in a black scarf knotted at the nape of her neck, bends over and holds the tip of a leaf of a purple and green plant, growing in a raised bed, between her first finger and thumb. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lovepreet Kaur looks at a Japanese red mustard plant at Valley Verde. The farm is intentional about growing plants that are culturally relevant to community members and may be hard to find. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But running these programs for free isn’t easy. Like most nonprofits, Valley Verde survives on grants, including from the Health Trust and the Lucile Packard Foundation. But according to Kaur, the biggest challenge is accessing land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to stay either downtown or on the east side,” said Kaur. “Wherever we serve the community, we want to be in our community. We don’t want to be far away from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of land available in more rural areas or in the hills surrounding Silicon Valley, but Kaur said they need to be accessible to their program participants to maintain their mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley Verde has moved multiple times over the last few years. Right now, they’re leasing their lot from Google, which is charging them only $1 per month. But with only two years left on that lease, Kaur’s already starting to think about what comes next. She hopes the next move will be permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extremely stressful to be moving from one place to another, especially when you have plants. There’s a high mortality every time we try to move the plants while they’re still in their growing stages,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943651 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bespectacled Indian woman with her head completely covered in a black scarf knotted at the nape of her neck touches soil in a small container with a just-sprouted plant. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaur checks on seedlings in a greenhouse at Valley Verde. She says moving plants to a new location is a tricky process, and not all plants survive. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Farming in the sky\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As opposed to nonprofit farms like Valley Verde, commercial operations in the Bay Area are harder to come by, which makes Bluma Farm, a commercial flower farm based in Berkeley, a rarity. In fact, founder and owner Joanna Letz doesn’t know anyone else in the Bay Area operating a for-profit farm in such an urban environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bluma’s situation is unique; the farm is spread across 15 modular apartment rooftops near downtown Berkeley and boasts a spectacular 360-degree view stretching from the Berkeley hills to downtown San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letz started growing flowers here in 2019, just a couple years after the building was built. She grows all kinds of flowers: godetia, nigella, violas, larkspur. The farm looks like a mosaic of raised beds in the sky, punctuated with a rainbow of flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walking through a rooftop garden, holding a gathering of flowers, with apartments and a mountain in the distance. \" width=\"1980\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bluma Farm founder and owner Joanna Letz runs her business on 15 modular apartment rooftops. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicola Parisi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At first, Letz said it was hard transitioning from farming on the ground to the roof. But now that she’s more used to it, she sees “all the really important benefits of farming on a roof and also just the ability to be growing in the city and showing other people what’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a for-profit business, Bluma has various revenue streams. About half their income comes from weddings, though that changed somewhat during the pandemic, said Letz. She sells some flowers wholesale and some retail, and she has a flower-subscription service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cut flowers are higher profit per square foot than just about any other crop I can think of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, it’s hard to make it work financially — especially in such a high-priced area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I try to keep my prices as high as I can because I want myself and my employees to be able to make enough money to live here,” she said. “And that’s still hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943663\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943663 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1020x1428.jpg\" alt=\"A smiling white woman with long brown hair in a bun, a white-and-gray striped sweater, a tool belt, and brown boots pulls back some opaque plastic to reveal seedlings underneath.\" width=\"640\" height=\"896\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1020x1428.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-800x1120.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-160x224.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1097x1536.jpg 1097w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146.jpg 1414w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Letz says flowers earn a high return per square foot. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicola Parisi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it’s important to her to stay in the city, where she hopes more rooftop farms will start to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of buildings that have gone up just in the time that I’ve been farming here,” she said, pointing to some buildings in the distance that don’t have rooftop farms. “What could we be doing with them that we’re not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letz said she’s especially passionate about teaching youth about farming and the power of growing your own produce. She currently works with a handful of interns from local high schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That makes me excited … that we can get people up here and experience this,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why, despite the challenges, we should be fighting to keep urban farms here in the Bay Area, said SPUR’s Zigas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] not about the number of people we can feed, but the number of people we can reach or touch through education and awareness,” he said. “And for that reason we should try and have more spaces where people can learn about food and how it’s grown.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There are a handful of farms within our big cities. But with land at a premium, how can these small growers afford to grow food in an urban environment?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1701974746,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":52,"wordCount":2035},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Land Is So Expensive. How Do Urban Farms Survive? | KQED","description":"There are a handful of farms within our big cities. But with land at a premium, how can these small growers afford to grow food in an urban environment?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"/food/","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/EBCBFA/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC4091490647.mp3?updated=1678935635","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943634/bay-area-land-is-so-expensive-how-do-urban-farms-survive","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3Ltoxfg\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Urbina used to ride the San José light rail every day to work. As he looked out the train window, he’d pass by big buildings, busy intersections, offices and apartment complexes. But there was one part of his daily commute that always caught his attention. Amid all that urban infrastructure, the train would pass by a sprawling orange orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This orchard was striking. It took up a whole block with rows and rows of big, bushy orange trees. It looked like a green-and-orange haven amid the North San José suburban sprawl. People would often stop and take photos of the farm, wondering what it was doing in the middle of Silicon Valley. Carlos would spot tractors on the property and farmworkers tending to the trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was weird to me to see a farm in the middle of what seems like super-valuable real estate and, you know, like they’re just doing their farming stuff,” said Carlos. “I found it very curious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orchard struck Carlos for another reason. It reminded him of his favorite place to visit as a child: his grandma’s house. Carlos grew up in Mexico City, and his grandma lived in a small agricultural community in a neighboring state called Tlaxcala. With its bountiful fruit trees and mountains in the distance, the orange orchard bore a striking resemblance to that place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a little nostalgic for that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carlos also wondered how a scene like that could exist in the middle of Silicon Valley, with its notoriously high land prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’d like to know is, who owns it? What kind of products do they grow there? And, finally, how come they are still the owners of that piece of farm?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The orchard\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The orange orchard is located in north San José, right across from the River Oaks light-rail station. It’s in a fairly suburban area, sitting amid a sea of tech company headquarters, school campuses and manufacturing facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After some sleuthing, we tracked down one of the current owners of the property: Alice Moitozo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moitozo is 93 years old and co-owns the orchard with her sister-in-law. She’s lived in a house in the middle of the orchard for 72 years. Her father-in-law, a Portuguese immigrant, bought the property in 1915 and established a dairy operation on-site. Eventually, with the influx of canneries in the region, the Moitozos switched to growing fruit, specifically pears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whole area here, north San José, was all pear orchards,” said Moitozo. The canneries eventually all moved away, many to the San Joaquin Valley. “So my husband and his brother planted the orange trees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was around the 1960s. At a time when property values in Santa Clara Valley were skyrocketing — convincing many farmers to sell their land — the Moitozos stayed and planted the orange trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943645\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An orange tree with dozens of large oranges on its branches that look ready to be picked. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63268_029_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When canning was a larger industry in San José, pears were grown on this land. In the 1960s, as canneries were moving away, the owners turned it into an orange orchard. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moitozo’s husband has since passed away, but their son now manages the orchard, which remains fully operational. They used to sell the oranges, but now they \u003ca href=\"https://www.shfb.org/impact/blog/one-of-the-last-surviving-orchards-in-silicon-valley-donates-92843-pounds-of-oranges/\">donate them\u003c/a> to a local food bank. At this point, it’s essentially an extravagant garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Moitozo said she’s had many buyers express interest in her approximately 15-acre property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a fellow come to my door one time … and he offered me a million dollars an acre,” she said. “I said, ‘No, I’m not selling. I’m going to die here.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Urban farming today\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Silicon Valley has largely converted from farmland to techland, there are still hundreds of urban farms all over the Bay Area. From small-scale vegetables to rooftop flowers, urban farmers are growing all different kinds of things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they all have in common is that it’s hard to make it work financially here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly difficult to be a commercially viable urban farm,” said Eli Zigas, food and agriculture policy director at the San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how they survive, Zigas divides Bay Area urban farms into two general categories: commercial and noncommercial. Commercial farms are ones that make a living on what they grow.\u003cbr>\n“They are in it for the business of agriculture,” said Zigas. Perhaps they sell at a local farmers market or have an online shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncommercial farms, on the other hand, tend to focus more on education.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"emailsignup","attributes":{"named":{"newslettername":"baycurious","align":"right","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Those projects are things like community gardens, school gardens and teaching farms,” Zigas said. “In the Bay Area and most of the country, those are the most common forms of urban farming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonprofit farms are incredibly important to urban communities, said Zigas, because they help people connect with the land and learn about ecology, seasons and how to grow their own food. Even the U.S. Department of Agriculture has an advisory committee and various grant opportunities targeted specifically at urban farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While not all urban farms fall squarely into these two categories, Zigas said it’s a helpful framework for understanding how they survive here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand it even better, we visited some farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A skill for life’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At Valley Verde, a nonprofit farm in downtown San José, the mission is simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to learn how to grow their own food,” said Lovepreet Kaur, the farm’s executive director. “We want to teach them a skill for life. We don’t want to just provide a vegetable and say, ‘OK, here you go,’ and that’s it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley Verde was founded in 2012 and currently offers a handful of educational gardening programs specifically for lower-income community members in San José. For example, their Shared Garden program provides participants with the tools and know-how for gardening at home, including a class and materials such as raised beds, soil and seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943648\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A raised garden bed with several small green plants growing. A small greenhouse is in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63252_008_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Native pollinator plants grow at Valley Verde. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those skills can help alleviate food insecurity — a significant issue in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farm also grows food that is culturally relevant to its participants, including okra, bitter melon and Thai chili peppers. That’s important to Kaur, who immigrated to the U.S. from India when she was 11 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came here to the U.S., there were a lot of vegetables that I grew up eating that were no longer accessible to me,” she said. “I didn’t see them at any stores, or if you did, they were very, very expensive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943650\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943650 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bespectacled Indian woman with her head completely covered in a black scarf knotted at the nape of her neck, bends over and holds the tip of a leaf of a purple and green plant, growing in a raised bed, between her first finger and thumb. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63248_010_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lovepreet Kaur looks at a Japanese red mustard plant at Valley Verde. The farm is intentional about growing plants that are culturally relevant to community members and may be hard to find. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But running these programs for free isn’t easy. Like most nonprofits, Valley Verde survives on grants, including from the Health Trust and the Lucile Packard Foundation. But according to Kaur, the biggest challenge is accessing land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to stay either downtown or on the east side,” said Kaur. “Wherever we serve the community, we want to be in our community. We don’t want to be far away from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of land available in more rural areas or in the hills surrounding Silicon Valley, but Kaur said they need to be accessible to their program participants to maintain their mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley Verde has moved multiple times over the last few years. Right now, they’re leasing their lot from Google, which is charging them only $1 per month. But with only two years left on that lease, Kaur’s already starting to think about what comes next. She hopes the next move will be permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extremely stressful to be moving from one place to another, especially when you have plants. There’s a high mortality every time we try to move the plants while they’re still in their growing stages,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943651 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bespectacled Indian woman with her head completely covered in a black scarf knotted at the nape of her neck touches soil in a small container with a just-sprouted plant. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63243_004_KQED_ValleyVerdeFarmSJ_02282023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaur checks on seedlings in a greenhouse at Valley Verde. She says moving plants to a new location is a tricky process, and not all plants survive. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Farming in the sky\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As opposed to nonprofit farms like Valley Verde, commercial operations in the Bay Area are harder to come by, which makes Bluma Farm, a commercial flower farm based in Berkeley, a rarity. In fact, founder and owner Joanna Letz doesn’t know anyone else in the Bay Area operating a for-profit farm in such an urban environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bluma’s situation is unique; the farm is spread across 15 modular apartment rooftops near downtown Berkeley and boasts a spectacular 360-degree view stretching from the Berkeley hills to downtown San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letz started growing flowers here in 2019, just a couple years after the building was built. She grows all kinds of flowers: godetia, nigella, violas, larkspur. The farm looks like a mosaic of raised beds in the sky, punctuated with a rainbow of flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walking through a rooftop garden, holding a gathering of flowers, with apartments and a mountain in the distance. \" width=\"1980\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1406-1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bluma Farm founder and owner Joanna Letz runs her business on 15 modular apartment rooftops. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicola Parisi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At first, Letz said it was hard transitioning from farming on the ground to the roof. But now that she’s more used to it, she sees “all the really important benefits of farming on a roof and also just the ability to be growing in the city and showing other people what’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a for-profit business, Bluma has various revenue streams. About half their income comes from weddings, though that changed somewhat during the pandemic, said Letz. She sells some flowers wholesale and some retail, and she has a flower-subscription service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cut flowers are higher profit per square foot than just about any other crop I can think of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, it’s hard to make it work financially — especially in such a high-priced area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I try to keep my prices as high as I can because I want myself and my employees to be able to make enough money to live here,” she said. “And that’s still hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943663\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11943663 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1020x1428.jpg\" alt=\"A smiling white woman with long brown hair in a bun, a white-and-gray striped sweater, a tool belt, and brown boots pulls back some opaque plastic to reveal seedlings underneath.\" width=\"640\" height=\"896\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1020x1428.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-800x1120.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-160x224.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146-1097x1536.jpg 1097w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/nicola-parisi_kitchen-table-advisors_bluma-farm_1146.jpg 1414w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Letz says flowers earn a high return per square foot. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicola Parisi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it’s important to her to stay in the city, where she hopes more rooftop farms will start to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of buildings that have gone up just in the time that I’ve been farming here,” she said, pointing to some buildings in the distance that don’t have rooftop farms. “What could we be doing with them that we’re not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letz said she’s especially passionate about teaching youth about farming and the power of growing your own produce. She currently works with a handful of interns from local high schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That makes me excited … that we can get people up here and experience this,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why, despite the challenges, we should be fighting to keep urban farms here in the Bay Area, said SPUR’s Zigas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] not about the number of people we can feed, but the number of people we can reach or touch through education and awareness,” he said. “And for that reason we should try and have more spaces where people can learn about food and how it’s grown.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943634/bay-area-land-is-so-expensive-how-do-urban-farms-survive","authors":["11362"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_19906","news_24114","news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_27626","news_333","news_29603","news_353","news_32534"],"featImg":"news_11943644","label":"source_news_11943634"},"news_11943034":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11943034","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11943034","score":null,"sort":[1678399321000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"aging-undocumented-workers-cant-afford-to-retire-will-california-help-them","title":"Aging Undocumented Workers Can't Afford to Retire. Will California Help Them?","publishDate":1678399321,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>As an orphaned child in rural southern Mexico, Abraham Salazar said he began working when he was just 10 years old. He helped to plow fields and grow corn and beans in the municipality of Constancia del Rosario, in the state of Oaxaca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he settled in California’s wine country in 1990, Salazar kept toiling in agriculture. He tore roots and rocks out to prepare fields for planting. He pruned and harvested miles of vines, sometimes during grueling all-night shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 62 years old, Salazar said his lower back hurts, sometimes intensely. His heavily calloused hands are becoming arthritic. But he can’t afford to stop working, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I may be 80 or 90, but I won’t get anything of what I paid into Social Security during all those years of work,” said Salazar, who is turning 63 next week, in Spanish. “Absolutely nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar is part of a growing wave of hundreds of thousands of undocumented workers who are reaching or past retirement age in the U.S. but who are ineligible to receive Social Security benefits, even though many paid automatic payroll taxes into that system for years.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11940706,news_11941716,news_11939848\"]A new state bill in California proposes to offer undocumented older adults an economic safety net when they can no longer work. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1536\">AB 1536\u003c/a> would expand a state-funded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/capi\">cash assistance program\u003c/a>, which currently offers individuals about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Additional-Resources/Letters-and-Notices/ACINs/2022/I-71_22.pdf?ver=2022-11-08-131239-837\">$1,100 per month (PDF)\u003c/a>, to cover undocumented residents aged 65 and older as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would give them a monthly stipend, so that they can age with dignity and justice,” said Angelica Salas, who directs the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles, after rallying for the bill with its author, Assemblymember Juan Carrillo (D-Palmdale), in Sacramento last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we do not create a [safety net] system for this population, we are going to have a severe crisis of individuals who have labored and contributed to California, but who will then live in severe poverty in the very same state where they left their youth,” Salas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants who are hired without valid work authorization in industries like construction and food services \u003ca href=\"https://bipartisanpolicy.org/blog/how-do-undocumented-immigrants-pay-federal-taxes-an-explainer/\">often provide a Social Security number that is fake, expired or not their own\u003c/a>. Most employers in California and other states, who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.e-verify.gov/sites/default/files/everify/presentations/EVerifyPresentation.pdf\">not required to check the validity of the nine-digit number (PDF)\u003c/a>, deduct Social Security, federal, state and other taxes from the workers’ paychecks, like with any other employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is that nationwide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssa.gov/oact/NOTES/pdf_notes/note151.pdf\">unauthorized immigrant workers contributed a whopping $13 billion in automatic payroll taxes to the Social Security system\u003c/a> in a single year, according to the most recent estimates by the Social Security Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of that money was a “net positive” to the program’s cash flow, said the agency’s chief actuary, Stephen Goss. That means undocumented workers help fund the monthly retirement checks of U.S. citizens and legal residents, but likely won’t receive the payments when they themselves become seniors.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Angelica Salas, director, Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights\"]'If we do not create a system for this population, we are going to have a severe crisis of individuals who have labored and contributed to California, but who will then live in severe poverty in the very same state where they left their youth.'[/pullquote]“It’s tragic, it’s unjust,” said Salas. “They worked hard in some of the hardest and most backbreaking jobs in this country. They contributed. And now they're completely locked out of benefits as they reach their golden years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar, who worked in agriculture for about three decades, said it was impossible to save any money on the low wages he earned, while taking care of his family and bills. Getting access to a regular stipend as he ages would be a “huge help” to reach his dream of retiring one day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be magnificent because we work a lot but don’t get any help,” said Salazar, who recently launched a landscaping business. He hopes that, by working for himself, he’ll earn enough to start saving for retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943071\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11943071\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1020x678.jpg\" alt=\"A man sits on a bet facing toward a window, smiling, with light on his face. He wears a button down collared shirt with a long sleeve underneath and dark pants. Next to him is a cluttered nightstand. \" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abraham Salazar sits for a portrait at his home in Healdsburg, on Feb. 24, 2023. Salazar, 62, is one of thousands of undocumented California farmworkers who are reaching or past retirement age but must continue working because they are ineligible for Social Security benefits. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Growing number of undocumented workers reaching retirement age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/clc.ucmerced.edu/files/page/documents/a_golden_age.pdf\">165,000 undocumented workers in California were age 55 and older in 2019\u003c/a>, according to an analysis of census figures published Tuesday by the UC Merced Community and Labor Center. That figure is about 680,000 across the country, said the center’s co-director, Edward Flores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of these workers were unable to legalize their status because they arrived in the U.S. in the years after eligibility for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101890914/out-of-the-shadows-explores-the-complicated-history-of-the-1986-amnesty-law-that-changed-the-lives-of-millions\">last federal amnesty for undocumented immigrants\u003c/a>, which passed during the Reagan administration in 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores said the statistics point to a growing demographic wave, and that the country has not yet begun to reckon with the implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do you do with a significant proportion of our workforce who has been laboring for decades, without access to a social and economic safety net?” he asked. “Now that they are aging and can’t work, they will be in a much more vulnerable position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Abraham Salazar\"]'I may be 80 or 90, but I won't get anything of what I paid into Social Security during all those years of work. Absolutely nothing.'[/pullquote] In California’s agricultural industry, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/FSA_File/10cafacts_v3.pdf\">most productive in the nation (PDF)\u003c/a> with about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/Statistics/\">$50 billion in annual revenue\u003c/a>, almost 85% of crop workers were born in Mexico. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/blog/post/?id=2770\">half don’t have legal authorization to work\u003c/a>, according to estimates by the U.S. Department of Labor. As migration flows from Mexico slowed down in the mid-2000s, the age distribution of California agricultural workers shifted, with farmworkers age 55 to 64 increasing by 64% over the last decade, the UC Merced analysis found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An aging workforce has left agricultural employers grappling with a shortage of labor for years, especially in areas like the state’s Central Coast, where strawberries, lettuce and other top crops are not harvested mechanically, said Norm Groot, executive director at the Monterey County Farm Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not replacing those who are aging out of the workforce with new immigrant labor. Nor are we seeing that the children of the current farmworkers are interested in working in the fields,” said Groot. “So we are rapidly coming to a tipping point where we are not going to have enough labor supply on hand to harvest our crops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'I still feel like I have the strength to do this work'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One older farmworker who continues to see demand for his services is Asuncion Ponce, who lives in Fresno. The 77-year-old said he still wakes up at 4:30 to calmly drink his coffee and get a ride to seasonal jobs pruning orchard trees or harvesting nectarines, peaches and pears in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still feel like I have the strength to do this work,” said Ponce proudly, in Spanish. “In Mexico, I was a farmworker and here I’m still doing the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The naturalized U.S. citizen said he worries that the Social Security benefits he’s eligible for won’t cover all of his expenses once he retires. But he acknowledges he’s less physically able to climb ladders up fruit trees or carry heavy crates all day. He’s considering quitting work in two or three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ponce arrived undocumented from Mexico in the early 1980s, but was able to benefit from the Reagan-era amnesty and obtain a green card, allowing him to work legally in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A long-time member of United Farm Workers, Ponce continues to attend marches and rallies supporting legislation that could aid workers who migrated to the U.S. in the years after him, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/FarmWorkforceModernizationAct-FactSheet-FJ-2021.pdf\">Farm Workforce Modernization Act (PDF)\u003c/a>. That said, immigration policy experts say a new path to legalization for immigrants is unlikely to pass in the Republican-controlled U.S. House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just really unfortunate, because older farmworkers who are undocumented and at retirement age or very close, they can't afford to wait,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust, communications director for the United Farm Workers. “The clock is really ticking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Nationwide, unauthorized immigrant workers contributed a whopping $13 billion in automatic payroll taxes to the Social Security system in a single year, but likely won't receive the payments when they themselves get older.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1678479556,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1490},"headData":{"title":"Aging Undocumented Workers Can't Afford to Retire. Will California Help Them? | KQED","description":"Nationwide, unauthorized immigrant workers contributed a whopping $13 billion in automatic payroll taxes to the Social Security system in a single year, but likely won't receive the payments when they themselves get older.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/6db1422d-501e-4b8d-976a-afbe011bac1a/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943034/aging-undocumented-workers-cant-afford-to-retire-will-california-help-them","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As an orphaned child in rural southern Mexico, Abraham Salazar said he began working when he was just 10 years old. He helped to plow fields and grow corn and beans in the municipality of Constancia del Rosario, in the state of Oaxaca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he settled in California’s wine country in 1990, Salazar kept toiling in agriculture. He tore roots and rocks out to prepare fields for planting. He pruned and harvested miles of vines, sometimes during grueling all-night shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 62 years old, Salazar said his lower back hurts, sometimes intensely. His heavily calloused hands are becoming arthritic. But he can’t afford to stop working, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I may be 80 or 90, but I won’t get anything of what I paid into Social Security during all those years of work,” said Salazar, who is turning 63 next week, in Spanish. “Absolutely nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar is part of a growing wave of hundreds of thousands of undocumented workers who are reaching or past retirement age in the U.S. but who are ineligible to receive Social Security benefits, even though many paid automatic payroll taxes into that system for years.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11940706,news_11941716,news_11939848"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A new state bill in California proposes to offer undocumented older adults an economic safety net when they can no longer work. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1536\">AB 1536\u003c/a> would expand a state-funded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/capi\">cash assistance program\u003c/a>, which currently offers individuals about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Additional-Resources/Letters-and-Notices/ACINs/2022/I-71_22.pdf?ver=2022-11-08-131239-837\">$1,100 per month (PDF)\u003c/a>, to cover undocumented residents aged 65 and older as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would give them a monthly stipend, so that they can age with dignity and justice,” said Angelica Salas, who directs the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles, after rallying for the bill with its author, Assemblymember Juan Carrillo (D-Palmdale), in Sacramento last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we do not create a [safety net] system for this population, we are going to have a severe crisis of individuals who have labored and contributed to California, but who will then live in severe poverty in the very same state where they left their youth,” Salas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants who are hired without valid work authorization in industries like construction and food services \u003ca href=\"https://bipartisanpolicy.org/blog/how-do-undocumented-immigrants-pay-federal-taxes-an-explainer/\">often provide a Social Security number that is fake, expired or not their own\u003c/a>. Most employers in California and other states, who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.e-verify.gov/sites/default/files/everify/presentations/EVerifyPresentation.pdf\">not required to check the validity of the nine-digit number (PDF)\u003c/a>, deduct Social Security, federal, state and other taxes from the workers’ paychecks, like with any other employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is that nationwide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssa.gov/oact/NOTES/pdf_notes/note151.pdf\">unauthorized immigrant workers contributed a whopping $13 billion in automatic payroll taxes to the Social Security system\u003c/a> in a single year, according to the most recent estimates by the Social Security Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of that money was a “net positive” to the program’s cash flow, said the agency’s chief actuary, Stephen Goss. That means undocumented workers help fund the monthly retirement checks of U.S. citizens and legal residents, but likely won’t receive the payments when they themselves become seniors.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'If we do not create a system for this population, we are going to have a severe crisis of individuals who have labored and contributed to California, but who will then live in severe poverty in the very same state where they left their youth.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Angelica Salas, director, Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s tragic, it’s unjust,” said Salas. “They worked hard in some of the hardest and most backbreaking jobs in this country. They contributed. And now they're completely locked out of benefits as they reach their golden years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar, who worked in agriculture for about three decades, said it was impossible to save any money on the low wages he earned, while taking care of his family and bills. Getting access to a regular stipend as he ages would be a “huge help” to reach his dream of retiring one day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be magnificent because we work a lot but don’t get any help,” said Salazar, who recently launched a landscaping business. He hopes that, by working for himself, he’ll earn enough to start saving for retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943071\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11943071\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1020x678.jpg\" alt=\"A man sits on a bet facing toward a window, smiling, with light on his face. He wears a button down collared shirt with a long sleeve underneath and dark pants. Next to him is a cluttered nightstand. \" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63167_02242023_agingundocumented-051-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abraham Salazar sits for a portrait at his home in Healdsburg, on Feb. 24, 2023. Salazar, 62, is one of thousands of undocumented California farmworkers who are reaching or past retirement age but must continue working because they are ineligible for Social Security benefits. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Growing number of undocumented workers reaching retirement age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/clc.ucmerced.edu/files/page/documents/a_golden_age.pdf\">165,000 undocumented workers in California were age 55 and older in 2019\u003c/a>, according to an analysis of census figures published Tuesday by the UC Merced Community and Labor Center. That figure is about 680,000 across the country, said the center’s co-director, Edward Flores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of these workers were unable to legalize their status because they arrived in the U.S. in the years after eligibility for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101890914/out-of-the-shadows-explores-the-complicated-history-of-the-1986-amnesty-law-that-changed-the-lives-of-millions\">last federal amnesty for undocumented immigrants\u003c/a>, which passed during the Reagan administration in 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores said the statistics point to a growing demographic wave, and that the country has not yet begun to reckon with the implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do you do with a significant proportion of our workforce who has been laboring for decades, without access to a social and economic safety net?” he asked. “Now that they are aging and can’t work, they will be in a much more vulnerable position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I may be 80 or 90, but I won't get anything of what I paid into Social Security during all those years of work. Absolutely nothing.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Abraham Salazar","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> In California’s agricultural industry, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/FSA_File/10cafacts_v3.pdf\">most productive in the nation (PDF)\u003c/a> with about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/Statistics/\">$50 billion in annual revenue\u003c/a>, almost 85% of crop workers were born in Mexico. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/blog/post/?id=2770\">half don’t have legal authorization to work\u003c/a>, according to estimates by the U.S. Department of Labor. As migration flows from Mexico slowed down in the mid-2000s, the age distribution of California agricultural workers shifted, with farmworkers age 55 to 64 increasing by 64% over the last decade, the UC Merced analysis found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An aging workforce has left agricultural employers grappling with a shortage of labor for years, especially in areas like the state’s Central Coast, where strawberries, lettuce and other top crops are not harvested mechanically, said Norm Groot, executive director at the Monterey County Farm Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not replacing those who are aging out of the workforce with new immigrant labor. Nor are we seeing that the children of the current farmworkers are interested in working in the fields,” said Groot. “So we are rapidly coming to a tipping point where we are not going to have enough labor supply on hand to harvest our crops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'I still feel like I have the strength to do this work'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One older farmworker who continues to see demand for his services is Asuncion Ponce, who lives in Fresno. The 77-year-old said he still wakes up at 4:30 to calmly drink his coffee and get a ride to seasonal jobs pruning orchard trees or harvesting nectarines, peaches and pears in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still feel like I have the strength to do this work,” said Ponce proudly, in Spanish. “In Mexico, I was a farmworker and here I’m still doing the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The naturalized U.S. citizen said he worries that the Social Security benefits he’s eligible for won’t cover all of his expenses once he retires. But he acknowledges he’s less physically able to climb ladders up fruit trees or carry heavy crates all day. He’s considering quitting work in two or three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ponce arrived undocumented from Mexico in the early 1980s, but was able to benefit from the Reagan-era amnesty and obtain a green card, allowing him to work legally in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A long-time member of United Farm Workers, Ponce continues to attend marches and rallies supporting legislation that could aid workers who migrated to the U.S. in the years after him, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/FarmWorkforceModernizationAct-FactSheet-FJ-2021.pdf\">Farm Workforce Modernization Act (PDF)\u003c/a>. That said, immigration policy experts say a new path to legalization for immigrants is unlikely to pass in the Republican-controlled U.S. House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just really unfortunate, because older farmworkers who are undocumented and at retirement age or very close, they can't afford to wait,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust, communications director for the United Farm Workers. “The clock is really ticking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943034/aging-undocumented-workers-cant-afford-to-retire-will-california-help-them","authors":["8659"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_31795","news_1758","news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_18538","news_27626","news_32379","news_20579","news_20202","news_3735","news_22685","news_3173","news_244","news_32380"],"featImg":"news_11943060","label":"news_72"},"news_11927282":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11927282","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11927282","score":null,"sort":[1664583538000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-loss-of-my-familys-farm-is-a-loss-for-californias-japanese-agricultural-legacy","title":"The Loss of My Family's Farm Is a Loss for California's Japanese Agricultural Legacy","publishDate":1664583538,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes to us as part of a collaboration with \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>, a daily news source for critical thought about the American food system.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of my 20s, I fantasized about working on a farm. I’d wake up with the birds and spend most of my time outdoors, learning about the basics like soil composition, pest management and tractor safety. The plants themselves would teach the more conceptual subjects, on tenacity and growth. This version of myself would be more attuned to nature and to herself — the kind of knowing that I imagined could only come from true solitude, away from technology and the white noise of everyday life. The farm would be my \"Walden.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t realize it then, but my daydreaming wasn’t just a coping mechanism — it was largely a yearning for connection with my Japanese heritage, and the side of my family I share it with. They’d been farming in California since immigrating, and, when I was growing up, our relationship had mostly boiled down to annual pleasantries (not including my bachan, my grandma, who attended all of my horse shows and volleyball games with a bag of salty Tengu beef jerky in hand).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927398\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A woman on a farm holding cut sunflowers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caroline Hatano harvesting her first sunflowers at Siena Farms in Sudbury, Massachusetts, in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Caroline Hatano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until last year, on the brink of turning 30, that I finally got the nerve to hit pause on the college-to-corporate-America pipeline to work on a vegetable farm just outside Boston. At my 9-to-5 job, I’d been a senior editor at a small content agency. On the farm, I was just another Carhartt-clad apprentice plastering bandages on my tender, cracked hands. Each week, we’d seed new plants in the greenhouse, transplant and maintain seedlings in the fields, harvest as fast as we could, and pack boxes for the weekly CSA (community-supported agriculture) in an assembly line, with someone’s playlist setting the pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before I ever even touched a harvest knife, I knew my favorite crop would be sunflowers. And sure enough, every time I worked my way down a towering row, tilting each flower’s belly down to check how many petals had popped, stumbling out of the field with as many as I could sling across each arm, infant-style, I was reminded of my jichan — my grandpa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-simple\">\n\u003cp>Some 70 years ago, he had sized up his newly leased plot of land and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2021/11/24/the-last-japanese-american-farm-on-the-palos-verdes-peninsula-will-close-this-is-why/\">decided to gamble on the very same flower\u003c/a>. His farm was across the country in Rancho Palos Verdes, California, a coastal Los Angeles suburb that looks like a California tourism poster, with dramatic rolling hills and cliffs to match. When he died in 2015, just a year after retiring, I had a kind of awakening, realizing I’d missed my opportunity to connect with him in any kind of meaningful adult way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after I wrapped up my apprenticeship and moved to Brooklyn, I learned that his farm, which had continued to operate under his longtime foreman, \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/rancho-palos-verdes-hatano-farm-facing-shut-down-land-use/11569082/\">would soon be forced to close\u003c/a>. Like many farmers in the U.S., he’d rented his land, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2021/11/24/the-last-japanese-american-farm-on-the-palos-verdes-peninsula-will-close-this-is-why/\">under pressure\u003c/a> from the National Park Service, the city of Rancho Palos Verdes was terminating the lease. It would have meant the end of an era for my family regardless, but his farm also happens to hold a larger, more significant legacy: It’s the last Japanese American-founded farm on a peninsula that was once home to hundreds of them — and on Aug. 16, 2022, it ceased to exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927395\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"A man holding baby's breath flowers, while standing beside a white van.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-800x590.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-1020x752.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers.jpg 1075w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Hatano favored baby’s breath on his Rancho Palos Verdes ranch, for its slight drought resistance. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I grew up hearing stories about what the peninsula used to be like, back when it was crowded with strawberry and garbanzo bean farms run by Japanese Americans, and my dad would go pigeon hunting with the rest of the farm kids as a method of pest control. Now the area is home to a Trump golf course, a luxury coastal resort and neat rows of identical houses. That's all thanks to the Japanese American community, which first leased the land in 1882 and transformed it from desert into \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunset.com/home-garden/brief-history-of-japanese-american-farmers-in-the-west\">fertile farmland\u003c/a>. Together, many of the farmers pioneered dry-farming techniques that are still in use today, and increasingly important as California’s climate grows increasingly arid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve since learned that a similar story played out up and down the West Coast, despite Japanese immigrants not being able to legally own agricultural land in California until 1952. By the 1910s, nearly two-thirds of residents with Japanese ancestry on the West Coast worked in farming. And they were incredibly successful at it — \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/files/research/japanese-americans/justice-denied/chapter-4.pdf\">the average value per acre was $280\u003c/a> for Japanese farms, versus an average $38 for all West Coast farms. In Los Angeles County, where my jichan raised sunflowers and baby’s breath, Japanese American farmers generated $16 million of the $25 million flower market business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927394\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-800x524.jpeg\" alt=\"An newsletter description about the Future Farmers of America, showing a photo of young Japanese men.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-800x524.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-1020x668.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-160x105.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While incarcerated at the Poston, Arizona, camp, James Hatano was a member of the Future Farmers of America organization. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It makes sense, then, that in 1942, when 120,000 Japanese people on the West Coast (\u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1201502/japanese-internment-camps-during-world-war-ii-are-a-lesson-in-the-scary-economics-of-racial-resentment/\">the vast majority of whom were American citizens\u003c/a>) were incarcerated in concentration camps following Executive Order 9066, white growers were the ones who benefited from commodity price spikes due to shortages. And it’s no coincidence that today, white landowners still control an estimated 98% of farmland in the U.S. I was reminded of this fact every time I toured another organic farm last summer — each grew the same things, used the same tools, shared the same foundational history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the subsequent years of incarceration, many Japanese Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunset.com/home-garden/brief-history-of-japanese-american-farmers-in-the-west\">lost their land, had their equipment stolen, and were forced into agricultural work at camps\u003c/a>. Most never returned to their former agrarian lives. After the war, the U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that Japanese American farm ownership, including leases, dropped to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/19/515822019/farming-behind-barbed-wire-japanese-americans-remember-wwii-incarceration\">less than a quarter\u003c/a> of what it had been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My jichan was incarcerated in the Poston, Arizona, camp as a teenager, eventually escaping by enlisting in the military. It wasn’t until the 1950s that he leased his peninsula plot from the military, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visualcapitalist.com/how-much-land-does-the-u-s-military-control-in-each-state/\">which still controls 1.7 million acres of land in California\u003c/a>. When the city of Rancho Palos Verdes was incorporated in 1973, part of the land-transfer agreement mandated that the parcel he was on be converted to recreational use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it was out of guilt, respect or plain-old bureaucratic disorganization, the city allowed my jichan to renew his lease anyway until 2014. That was the year he retired and transferred the lease to Martin Martinez, who had started working with him at the farm as a teenage immigrant from Mexico. Allowing his legacy to live on through Martinez would have been especially meaningful, as he represents another oppressed community that now forms the backbone of California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my jichan’s lease expires, with it will go our community’s only tangible tie to the land we nurtured and made viable, land that provided Japanese Americans with livelihoods, camaraderie and an anchor in times of great turbulence and terror. And although Rancho Palos Verdes is pursuing a historical designation with the intention of preserving that history in some way, it doesn’t feel equitable in any sense. A plaque doesn’t maintain a sense of place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/life/food-drink/meet-bainbridge-islands-last-japanese-american-farmer/#:~:text=Across%20the%20island%2C%20Japanese%20American,community%20of%20Japanese%20American%20farmers.\">And this story isn’t singular\u003c/a>, which naturally leads me to a string of what-ifs: If Executive Order 9066 had never been issued, if Japanese Americans didn’t suffer devastating economic setbacks as a result, if we didn’t continue to face discriminatory laws after the war ended, would my jichan have been able to buy land? Would property ownership alone have dramatically changed California’s agricultural landscape?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, leasing farmland is still common practice today: In 2016, the USDA reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-economy/land-use-land-value-tenure/farmland-ownership-and-tenure/#:~:text=Approximately%2039%20percent%20of%20the,over%2025%20percent%20of%20pastureland\">more than half of cropland in the U.S. is rented\u003c/a>. An inability to acquire land is one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.agriculture.com/news/business/barriers-for-beginning-farmers\">biggest barriers to entry for new farmers\u003c/a>, and because many white families already own farmland or other land they can sell to acquire it, farming remains a predominantly white industry. Like many things in this country, the hierarchy — with white landowners at the top and immigrant laborers at the bottom — stays intact by structural design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927399\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11927399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg\" alt=\"Three farmers pose in a crop of nopales.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nopales were also a common crop on Hatano’s farm, which sold well to Mexican restaurants in the area. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before I started my apprenticeship, I wondered if one season of farming would be enough to fulfill my agrarian fantasy. Now, a full year out, I find myself mentally drifting back to the easy routine of last summer — of spending all day with my hands in the dirt, playing Marco Polo in the sunflower fields, driving home in silence with the windows down, smelling like sweat and tomato plants. I recognize in farming and gardening an opportunity to feed people, but also to build collective knowledge, establish traditions and honor shared history. And, eventually, I hope, to challenge the status quo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things I like most about farming is that you’re always building on your own work. Over time you create the kind of soil you want, and each season you review last year’s notes and make adjustments to improve yield. It’s a practice that rewards patience. In some ways, turning soil over is almost like burying our dead — cover crops and sunflower stalks become food for the next generation. Which means that long after you’ve left land behind, there’s always evidence you were there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My jichan’s farm might no longer exist in name after this month, but in every plant that blooms up and down the peninsula, there will be a small piece of him and the community he belonged to. And that’s something no one can take away.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"An ode to the Japanese American community that transformed Southern California into the agricultural hub it is today. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1664639000,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1734},"headData":{"title":"The Loss of My Family's Farm Is a Loss for California's Japanese Agricultural Legacy | KQED","description":"An ode to the Japanese American community that transformed Southern California into the agricultural hub it is today. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11927282 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11927282","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/09/30/the-loss-of-my-familys-farm-is-a-loss-for-californias-japanese-agricultural-legacy/","disqusTitle":"The Loss of My Family's Farm Is a Loss for California's Japanese Agricultural Legacy","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a92a8b54-87e6-483a-a29e-af200152defe/audio.mp3","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/author/chatano/\">Caroline Hatano\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11927282/the-loss-of-my-familys-farm-is-a-loss-for-californias-japanese-agricultural-legacy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes to us as part of a collaboration with \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>, a daily news source for critical thought about the American food system.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of my 20s, I fantasized about working on a farm. I’d wake up with the birds and spend most of my time outdoors, learning about the basics like soil composition, pest management and tractor safety. The plants themselves would teach the more conceptual subjects, on tenacity and growth. This version of myself would be more attuned to nature and to herself — the kind of knowing that I imagined could only come from true solitude, away from technology and the white noise of everyday life. The farm would be my \"Walden.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t realize it then, but my daydreaming wasn’t just a coping mechanism — it was largely a yearning for connection with my Japanese heritage, and the side of my family I share it with. They’d been farming in California since immigrating, and, when I was growing up, our relationship had mostly boiled down to annual pleasantries (not including my bachan, my grandma, who attended all of my horse shows and volleyball games with a bag of salty Tengu beef jerky in hand).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927398\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A woman on a farm holding cut sunflowers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/panese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-3-caroline-sunflowers.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caroline Hatano harvesting her first sunflowers at Siena Farms in Sudbury, Massachusetts, in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Caroline Hatano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until last year, on the brink of turning 30, that I finally got the nerve to hit pause on the college-to-corporate-America pipeline to work on a vegetable farm just outside Boston. At my 9-to-5 job, I’d been a senior editor at a small content agency. On the farm, I was just another Carhartt-clad apprentice plastering bandages on my tender, cracked hands. Each week, we’d seed new plants in the greenhouse, transplant and maintain seedlings in the fields, harvest as fast as we could, and pack boxes for the weekly CSA (community-supported agriculture) in an assembly line, with someone’s playlist setting the pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before I ever even touched a harvest knife, I knew my favorite crop would be sunflowers. And sure enough, every time I worked my way down a towering row, tilting each flower’s belly down to check how many petals had popped, stumbling out of the field with as many as I could sling across each arm, infant-style, I was reminded of my jichan — my grandpa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-simple\">\n\u003cp>Some 70 years ago, he had sized up his newly leased plot of land and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2021/11/24/the-last-japanese-american-farm-on-the-palos-verdes-peninsula-will-close-this-is-why/\">decided to gamble on the very same flower\u003c/a>. His farm was across the country in Rancho Palos Verdes, California, a coastal Los Angeles suburb that looks like a California tourism poster, with dramatic rolling hills and cliffs to match. When he died in 2015, just a year after retiring, I had a kind of awakening, realizing I’d missed my opportunity to connect with him in any kind of meaningful adult way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after I wrapped up my apprenticeship and moved to Brooklyn, I learned that his farm, which had continued to operate under his longtime foreman, \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/rancho-palos-verdes-hatano-farm-facing-shut-down-land-use/11569082/\">would soon be forced to close\u003c/a>. Like many farmers in the U.S., he’d rented his land, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2021/11/24/the-last-japanese-american-farm-on-the-palos-verdes-peninsula-will-close-this-is-why/\">under pressure\u003c/a> from the National Park Service, the city of Rancho Palos Verdes was terminating the lease. It would have meant the end of an era for my family regardless, but his farm also happens to hold a larger, more significant legacy: It’s the last Japanese American-founded farm on a peninsula that was once home to hundreds of them — and on Aug. 16, 2022, it ceased to exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927395\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"A man holding baby's breath flowers, while standing beside a white van.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-800x590.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-1020x752.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-5-unloading-flowers.jpg 1075w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Hatano favored baby’s breath on his Rancho Palos Verdes ranch, for its slight drought resistance. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I grew up hearing stories about what the peninsula used to be like, back when it was crowded with strawberry and garbanzo bean farms run by Japanese Americans, and my dad would go pigeon hunting with the rest of the farm kids as a method of pest control. Now the area is home to a Trump golf course, a luxury coastal resort and neat rows of identical houses. That's all thanks to the Japanese American community, which first leased the land in 1882 and transformed it from desert into \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunset.com/home-garden/brief-history-of-japanese-american-farmers-in-the-west\">fertile farmland\u003c/a>. Together, many of the farmers pioneered dry-farming techniques that are still in use today, and increasingly important as California’s climate grows increasingly arid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve since learned that a similar story played out up and down the West Coast, despite Japanese immigrants not being able to legally own agricultural land in California until 1952. By the 1910s, nearly two-thirds of residents with Japanese ancestry on the West Coast worked in farming. And they were incredibly successful at it — \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/files/research/japanese-americans/justice-denied/chapter-4.pdf\">the average value per acre was $280\u003c/a> for Japanese farms, versus an average $38 for all West Coast farms. In Los Angeles County, where my jichan raised sunflowers and baby’s breath, Japanese American farmers generated $16 million of the $25 million flower market business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927394\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11927394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-800x524.jpeg\" alt=\"An newsletter description about the Future Farmers of America, showing a photo of young Japanese men.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-800x524.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-1020x668.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan-160x105.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/220811-rancho-palos-verdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-4-yearbook-scan.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While incarcerated at the Poston, Arizona, camp, James Hatano was a member of the Future Farmers of America organization. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It makes sense, then, that in 1942, when 120,000 Japanese people on the West Coast (\u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1201502/japanese-internment-camps-during-world-war-ii-are-a-lesson-in-the-scary-economics-of-racial-resentment/\">the vast majority of whom were American citizens\u003c/a>) were incarcerated in concentration camps following Executive Order 9066, white growers were the ones who benefited from commodity price spikes due to shortages. And it’s no coincidence that today, white landowners still control an estimated 98% of farmland in the U.S. I was reminded of this fact every time I toured another organic farm last summer — each grew the same things, used the same tools, shared the same foundational history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the subsequent years of incarceration, many Japanese Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunset.com/home-garden/brief-history-of-japanese-american-farmers-in-the-west\">lost their land, had their equipment stolen, and were forced into agricultural work at camps\u003c/a>. Most never returned to their former agrarian lives. After the war, the U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that Japanese American farm ownership, including leases, dropped to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/19/515822019/farming-behind-barbed-wire-japanese-americans-remember-wwii-incarceration\">less than a quarter\u003c/a> of what it had been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My jichan was incarcerated in the Poston, Arizona, camp as a teenager, eventually escaping by enlisting in the military. It wasn’t until the 1950s that he leased his peninsula plot from the military, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visualcapitalist.com/how-much-land-does-the-u-s-military-control-in-each-state/\">which still controls 1.7 million acres of land in California\u003c/a>. When the city of Rancho Palos Verdes was incorporated in 1973, part of the land-transfer agreement mandated that the parcel he was on be converted to recreational use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it was out of guilt, respect or plain-old bureaucratic disorganization, the city allowed my jichan to renew his lease anyway until 2014. That was the year he retired and transferred the lease to Martin Martinez, who had started working with him at the farm as a teenage immigrant from Mexico. Allowing his legacy to live on through Martinez would have been especially meaningful, as he represents another oppressed community that now forms the backbone of California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my jichan’s lease expires, with it will go our community’s only tangible tie to the land we nurtured and made viable, land that provided Japanese Americans with livelihoods, camaraderie and an anchor in times of great turbulence and terror. And although Rancho Palos Verdes is pursuing a historical designation with the intention of preserving that history in some way, it doesn’t feel equitable in any sense. A plaque doesn’t maintain a sense of place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/life/food-drink/meet-bainbridge-islands-last-japanese-american-farmer/#:~:text=Across%20the%20island%2C%20Japanese%20American,community%20of%20Japanese%20American%20farmers.\">And this story isn’t singular\u003c/a>, which naturally leads me to a string of what-ifs: If Executive Order 9066 had never been issued, if Japanese Americans didn’t suffer devastating economic setbacks as a result, if we didn’t continue to face discriminatory laws after the war ended, would my jichan have been able to buy land? Would property ownership alone have dramatically changed California’s agricultural landscape?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, leasing farmland is still common practice today: In 2016, the USDA reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-economy/land-use-land-value-tenure/farmland-ownership-and-tenure/#:~:text=Approximately%2039%20percent%20of%20the,over%2025%20percent%20of%20pastureland\">more than half of cropland in the U.S. is rented\u003c/a>. An inability to acquire land is one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.agriculture.com/news/business/barriers-for-beginning-farmers\">biggest barriers to entry for new farmers\u003c/a>, and because many white families already own farmland or other land they can sell to acquire it, farming remains a predominantly white industry. Like many things in this country, the hierarchy — with white landowners at the top and immigrant laborers at the bottom — stays intact by structural design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11927399\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11927399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg\" alt=\"Three farmers pose in a crop of nopales.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/rdes-farm-japanese-american-farmers-agriculture-california-history-2-nopales-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nopales were also a common crop on Hatano’s farm, which sold well to Mexican restaurants in the area. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Hatano family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before I started my apprenticeship, I wondered if one season of farming would be enough to fulfill my agrarian fantasy. Now, a full year out, I find myself mentally drifting back to the easy routine of last summer — of spending all day with my hands in the dirt, playing Marco Polo in the sunflower fields, driving home in silence with the windows down, smelling like sweat and tomato plants. I recognize in farming and gardening an opportunity to feed people, but also to build collective knowledge, establish traditions and honor shared history. And, eventually, I hope, to challenge the status quo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things I like most about farming is that you’re always building on your own work. Over time you create the kind of soil you want, and each season you review last year’s notes and make adjustments to improve yield. It’s a practice that rewards patience. In some ways, turning soil over is almost like burying our dead — cover crops and sunflower stalks become food for the next generation. Which means that long after you’ve left land behind, there’s always evidence you were there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My jichan’s farm might no longer exist in name after this month, but in every plant that blooms up and down the peninsula, there will be a small piece of him and the community he belonged to. And that’s something no one can take away.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11927282/the-loss-of-my-familys-farm-is-a-loss-for-californias-japanese-agricultural-legacy","authors":["byline_news_11927282"],"programs":["news_26731"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_18163","news_6431","news_17856","news_29180"],"featImg":"news_11927397","label":"news_26731"},"news_11921034":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11921034","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11921034","score":null,"sort":[1659386640000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"welcome-black-to-the-land-inside-sonoma-countys-first-afro-indigenous-permaculture-farm","title":"'Welcome Black to the Land': Inside Sonoma County’s First Afro-Indigenous Permaculture Farm","publishDate":1659386640,"format":"audio","headTitle":"‘Welcome Black to the Land’: Inside Sonoma County’s First Afro-Indigenous Permaculture Farm | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>One of the first things you see when you approach the driveway of \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/\">EARTHseed Farm\u003c/a> in Sebastopol is a yellow, hand-painted sign that reads “Welcome Black to the Land.” It’s an intentional message that speaks to the vision held by EARTHseed’s founder Pandora Thomas: a farm that serves as a place of refuge and healing for the Afro-Indigenous community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With everything that’s happening in the world, there’s such a need for people of Afro-Indigenous ancestry to understand our stories and our legacy, stewarding ourselves and our earth,” Thomas said, of her inspiration for the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921063\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a hand-painted sign against greenery says 'Welcome Black to the land.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign at the entrance of EARTHseed Farm says ‘Welcome Black to the Land.’ The 14-acre organic farm and orchard in Sonoma County operates on Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Only 2% of farmland in Sonoma County is Black-owned. That number is worse statewide — less than 1%, according to the 2017 Census of Agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pandorathomas.com/about\">an environmental educator and permaculture designer\u003c/a>, purchased the historic 14-acre farm known for its organic apple and Asian pear orchards last year. She and her team are now in the midst of a multi-year process that will turn the farm into the first Afro-Indigenous permaculture farm in Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>An ‘expansive’ vision rooted in ancestry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Thomas’ vision for EARTHseed is part of a long lineage that “began as far back as life began,” she said. “Sounds crazy and expansive, but I truly believe that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two significant people in that lineage are Thomas’ parents. Her mother, Frances Louise Short Thomas, was raised a sharecropper in South Carolina until she was three years old. Her family moved to a small town in Pennsylvania, where Pandora herself would eventually be born and raised. Thomas is now a caregiver to her mother, who holds the title of “EARTHseed Elder” on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921066\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921066\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a carved sign denotes the 'Carver-Tubman Home'\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Carver Tubman home, dedicated in memory of Lawrence “Jelly” Thomas. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pandora’s father, Lawrence “Jelly” Thomas, was a mill worker who loved being outdoors and taught Pandora how to fish and to value all life forms, not just humans. The farm’s Carver Tubman home — named for Black historical figures George Washington Carver, an agricultural scientist and inventor, and Harriet Tubman, an abolitionist — is dedicated to his memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it came to naming the farm, Thomas looked to another significant figure: acclaimed science fiction author Octavia E. Butler, whose image graces a mural on one of the farm’s buildings. The name is a nod to Butler’s fictional “Earthseed” religion, in which one of the key tenets is educating and supporting oneself and the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Octavia Butler wrote ‘Parable of the Sower,’ she was really drawing on her kind of ancestral wisdom and knowledge to tell this story, this dystopian future,” Thomas said. “So it feels like it’s been in the making. There’ll be several more EARTHseeds. I feel like part of my job is to support the next EARTHseed that’s even more impactful than this one. So it feels timeless, yet also timely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921067\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921067\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mural in honor of Octavia E. Butler by Artist-in-Residence Radioactive sits on EARTHseed farm. The books of the Black science fiction writer inspired the name of the farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas, who first moved to Northern California 24 years ago, has worked and lived in more than 12 countries, including Venezuela, Senegal and Germany. She sees EARTHseed as a culmination of her lifelong work to honor the legacies of land stewards who are of African ancestry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The making of an Afro-Indigenous permaculture farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/ourfamily\">EARTHseed’s team\u003c/a> of about 20 predominantly Black and Latinx people includes an array of interdisciplinary roles, including farm stewards, an herbalist, an artist-in-residence and a culinary artist, among others. Alongside them is a small group of animals, including two composting Kunekune pigs, Humphrey and Benny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921068\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a smiling Black woman kneels while feeding a large pig on a farm with greenery in the background\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">EARTHseed Farm founder Pandora Thomas feeds two Kunekune pigs, Humphrey and Benny, at the farm and orchard in Sonoma County. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For now, the farm continues to grow the crops it’s known for, while Thomas and others listen to and observe the land. For instance, they noticed mullein, a weed that is known to reduce inflammation and treat respiratory problems when smoked or made into a tea, growing naturally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, this is an organic farm where all the systems make it so that we can make a lot of fruit that basically leaves the site, which isn’t a bad thing,” Thomas said. “But the Afro-Indigenous permaculture goal is what will it look like when we are seeing the mullein that grows as a weed here, and learning about the legacy of mullein. Maybe the mullein has come into our lives because of all the respiratory issues and swelling happening in our communities right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921075\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921075\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a basket with freshly harvested mullein, a green plant, sits on a table with a green tablecloth\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A basket of mullein leaves at EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The term permaculture, a conjugation of the words permanent and culture — or agriculture, depending on who you’re talking to — was coined by \u003ca href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/environmental-sociologist-explains-permaculture-offers-131910120.html\">Bill Mollison\u003c/a>, a white Australian researcher and scientist, in the 1970s. Permaculture is defined as the development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient, an approach derived heavily from indigenous science and land practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term “Afro-Indigenous permaculture” may sound redundant, then, given the practice’s roots. But it’s part of a greater \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcet.org/shows/tending-nature/the-indigenous-science-of-permaculture\">reclamation\u003c/a> and acknowledgement of the agricultural contributions of Indigenous people and people of African descent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921069\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man in jeans and a pink sweatshirt walks through an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farm manager Antonio Paniagua walks through the orchard at EARTHseed Farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas and her team acknowledge the Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo ancestral land the farm sits on, and received blessings from the local Graton Rancheria Tribe to operate using Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles. Antonio Paniagua, the farm’s manager, who has worked the land for over 17 years, wears a hat that reads “YOU ARE ON NATIVE LAND” as he reflects on the impact of the farm’s transfer of ownership thus far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Barely a year has passed and the change is already being noticed. I’m looking at it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farm steward Fernando Gonzalez, who’s skilled in carpentry and animal husbandry in addition to farming, echoed the ethos of Thomas’ vision, saying it’s important to “get to know how the land works and understand the trees” as they continue their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921070\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man in jeans and a green shirt poses by a tree in an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farm steward Fernando Gonzalez works at the EARTHseed Farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grace Harris Johnson, the farm’s fiber arts fellow, says she’s working on making a natural dye using EARTHseed’s mullein, as well as exploring processes for other dyes using the farm’s fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to probably take the plums and some pears that end up becoming a little too old and I’ll probably turn it into a fructose fat for indigo,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas seeks to foster a spirit of exploration and creativity around EARTHseed’s resources among all who visit, particularly Black people, whether they work in environmental sciences or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want Black folks to be able to come here and tap into ‘what’s their role’,” Thomas said. “Maybe you’re a fashion designer. Maybe you do hair. Maybe you’re a doula. Maybe you’re a therapist. We want you to come here, be inspired, and learn what do you do and take back to your community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a woman walks through an orchard with a dog, their backs to the camera\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">EARTHseed Farm founder Pandora Thomas walks with the farm’s dog, Jackson Black, through the organic orchard. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978994/punishing-bay-area-drought-prompts-calls-for-major-water-rethink\">severe drought\u003c/a> continues and the effects of the climate crisis worsen across the state and globe, practitioners of Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles, like Thomas and EARTHseed, can offer lessons on adapting to circumstances and building a relationship with the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are on a farm that’s an orchard, but it’s like this is the classroom we’ve been given, the earth has given us,” Thomas said. “And the lessons are not just, ‘OK, tell everybody how to farm.’ It’s more, how can our communities learn how to be in alignment with the limitations, but also the bounty, that the Earth has to give us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Welcoming community members ‘Black to the Land’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EARTHseed’s regular “Black to the Land” gatherings offer opportunities to experience being on the land, with a mission to reconnect Black people to the roots of Afro-Indigenous wisdom. At EARTHseed’s most recent gathering, held on a warm Sunday afternoon in July, a DJ spun music while over 30 predominantly Black and Latinx guests from around the Bay Area munched on tacos and sipped farm-fresh apple, pear and persimmon juices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921074\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921074\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"two smiling Black women sit under a tree on an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer Devin Ariel, left, and artist Féven Zewdi hang out under the trees at EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some guests took self-guided tours, while others wandered through the rows of organic raspberry bushes to pick and eat berries in an informal version of EARTHseed’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/u-pick\">“U-Pick” program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris Kiambati, an environmental educator and teacher-in-residence at \u003ca href=\"https://www.slideranch.org/\">Slide Ranch\u003c/a> in Muir Beach, said the gatherings are “a good opportunity to meet with other Black farmers and environmentalists in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921073\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"two Black women pick berries on an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doris Kiambati, an environmental educator, left, and Kenya Wright, a healer and doula, pick raspberries during EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abi Huff, an herbalist who resides in Santa Rosa and serves as EARTHseed’s Herb Diva, recalled her initial encounter with EARTHseed when she attended one of the first “Black to the Land” programs last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember walking down the driveway and walking up to the house and seeing all these beautiful Black people on the porch,” she said. “You know, my eyes welled up. Felt like something that’s been so needed here.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"EARTHseed seeks to serve as a place of refuge and healing for a community that has often been excluded from farming.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1701974757,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1772},"headData":{"title":"'Welcome Black to the Land': Inside Sonoma County’s First Afro-Indigenous Permaculture Farm | KQED","description":"EARTHseed seeks to serve as a place of refuge and healing for a community that has often been excluded from farming.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/3e4fcf76-4e24-45c9-883f-aee100f6c084/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11921034/welcome-black-to-the-land-inside-sonoma-countys-first-afro-indigenous-permaculture-farm","audioDuration":285000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the first things you see when you approach the driveway of \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/\">EARTHseed Farm\u003c/a> in Sebastopol is a yellow, hand-painted sign that reads “Welcome Black to the Land.” It’s an intentional message that speaks to the vision held by EARTHseed’s founder Pandora Thomas: a farm that serves as a place of refuge and healing for the Afro-Indigenous community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With everything that’s happening in the world, there’s such a need for people of Afro-Indigenous ancestry to understand our stories and our legacy, stewarding ourselves and our earth,” Thomas said, of her inspiration for the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921063\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a hand-painted sign against greenery says 'Welcome Black to the land.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57219_041_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign at the entrance of EARTHseed Farm says ‘Welcome Black to the Land.’ The 14-acre organic farm and orchard in Sonoma County operates on Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Only 2% of farmland in Sonoma County is Black-owned. That number is worse statewide — less than 1%, according to the 2017 Census of Agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pandorathomas.com/about\">an environmental educator and permaculture designer\u003c/a>, purchased the historic 14-acre farm known for its organic apple and Asian pear orchards last year. She and her team are now in the midst of a multi-year process that will turn the farm into the first Afro-Indigenous permaculture farm in Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>An ‘expansive’ vision rooted in ancestry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Thomas’ vision for EARTHseed is part of a long lineage that “began as far back as life began,” she said. “Sounds crazy and expansive, but I truly believe that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two significant people in that lineage are Thomas’ parents. Her mother, Frances Louise Short Thomas, was raised a sharecropper in South Carolina until she was three years old. Her family moved to a small town in Pennsylvania, where Pandora herself would eventually be born and raised. Thomas is now a caregiver to her mother, who holds the title of “EARTHseed Elder” on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921066\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921066\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a carved sign denotes the 'Carver-Tubman Home'\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57179_002_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Carver Tubman home, dedicated in memory of Lawrence “Jelly” Thomas. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pandora’s father, Lawrence “Jelly” Thomas, was a mill worker who loved being outdoors and taught Pandora how to fish and to value all life forms, not just humans. The farm’s Carver Tubman home — named for Black historical figures George Washington Carver, an agricultural scientist and inventor, and Harriet Tubman, an abolitionist — is dedicated to his memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it came to naming the farm, Thomas looked to another significant figure: acclaimed science fiction author Octavia E. Butler, whose image graces a mural on one of the farm’s buildings. The name is a nod to Butler’s fictional “Earthseed” religion, in which one of the key tenets is educating and supporting oneself and the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Octavia Butler wrote ‘Parable of the Sower,’ she was really drawing on her kind of ancestral wisdom and knowledge to tell this story, this dystopian future,” Thomas said. “So it feels like it’s been in the making. There’ll be several more EARTHseeds. I feel like part of my job is to support the next EARTHseed that’s even more impactful than this one. So it feels timeless, yet also timely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921067\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921067\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57189_011_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mural in honor of Octavia E. Butler by Artist-in-Residence Radioactive sits on EARTHseed farm. The books of the Black science fiction writer inspired the name of the farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas, who first moved to Northern California 24 years ago, has worked and lived in more than 12 countries, including Venezuela, Senegal and Germany. She sees EARTHseed as a culmination of her lifelong work to honor the legacies of land stewards who are of African ancestry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The making of an Afro-Indigenous permaculture farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/ourfamily\">EARTHseed’s team\u003c/a> of about 20 predominantly Black and Latinx people includes an array of interdisciplinary roles, including farm stewards, an herbalist, an artist-in-residence and a culinary artist, among others. Alongside them is a small group of animals, including two composting Kunekune pigs, Humphrey and Benny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921068\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a smiling Black woman kneels while feeding a large pig on a farm with greenery in the background\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57209_032_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">EARTHseed Farm founder Pandora Thomas feeds two Kunekune pigs, Humphrey and Benny, at the farm and orchard in Sonoma County. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For now, the farm continues to grow the crops it’s known for, while Thomas and others listen to and observe the land. For instance, they noticed mullein, a weed that is known to reduce inflammation and treat respiratory problems when smoked or made into a tea, growing naturally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, this is an organic farm where all the systems make it so that we can make a lot of fruit that basically leaves the site, which isn’t a bad thing,” Thomas said. “But the Afro-Indigenous permaculture goal is what will it look like when we are seeing the mullein that grows as a weed here, and learning about the legacy of mullein. Maybe the mullein has come into our lives because of all the respiratory issues and swelling happening in our communities right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921075\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921075\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a basket with freshly harvested mullein, a green plant, sits on a table with a green tablecloth\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57424_IMG_0098-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A basket of mullein leaves at EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The term permaculture, a conjugation of the words permanent and culture — or agriculture, depending on who you’re talking to — was coined by \u003ca href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/environmental-sociologist-explains-permaculture-offers-131910120.html\">Bill Mollison\u003c/a>, a white Australian researcher and scientist, in the 1970s. Permaculture is defined as the development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient, an approach derived heavily from indigenous science and land practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term “Afro-Indigenous permaculture” may sound redundant, then, given the practice’s roots. But it’s part of a greater \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcet.org/shows/tending-nature/the-indigenous-science-of-permaculture\">reclamation\u003c/a> and acknowledgement of the agricultural contributions of Indigenous people and people of African descent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921069\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man in jeans and a pink sweatshirt walks through an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57216_038_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farm manager Antonio Paniagua walks through the orchard at EARTHseed Farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas and her team acknowledge the Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo ancestral land the farm sits on, and received blessings from the local Graton Rancheria Tribe to operate using Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles. Antonio Paniagua, the farm’s manager, who has worked the land for over 17 years, wears a hat that reads “YOU ARE ON NATIVE LAND” as he reflects on the impact of the farm’s transfer of ownership thus far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Barely a year has passed and the change is already being noticed. I’m looking at it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farm steward Fernando Gonzalez, who’s skilled in carpentry and animal husbandry in addition to farming, echoed the ethos of Thomas’ vision, saying it’s important to “get to know how the land works and understand the trees” as they continue their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921070\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man in jeans and a green shirt poses by a tree in an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57194_016_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farm steward Fernando Gonzalez works at the EARTHseed Farm. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grace Harris Johnson, the farm’s fiber arts fellow, says she’s working on making a natural dye using EARTHseed’s mullein, as well as exploring processes for other dyes using the farm’s fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to probably take the plums and some pears that end up becoming a little too old and I’ll probably turn it into a fructose fat for indigo,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas seeks to foster a spirit of exploration and creativity around EARTHseed’s resources among all who visit, particularly Black people, whether they work in environmental sciences or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want Black folks to be able to come here and tap into ‘what’s their role’,” Thomas said. “Maybe you’re a fashion designer. Maybe you do hair. Maybe you’re a doula. Maybe you’re a therapist. We want you to come here, be inspired, and learn what do you do and take back to your community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a woman walks through an orchard with a dog, their backs to the camera\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57196_017_KQED_EARTHseedFarmSonoma_07082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">EARTHseed Farm founder Pandora Thomas walks with the farm’s dog, Jackson Black, through the organic orchard. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978994/punishing-bay-area-drought-prompts-calls-for-major-water-rethink\">severe drought\u003c/a> continues and the effects of the climate crisis worsen across the state and globe, practitioners of Afro-Indigenous permaculture principles, like Thomas and EARTHseed, can offer lessons on adapting to circumstances and building a relationship with the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are on a farm that’s an orchard, but it’s like this is the classroom we’ve been given, the earth has given us,” Thomas said. “And the lessons are not just, ‘OK, tell everybody how to farm.’ It’s more, how can our communities learn how to be in alignment with the limitations, but also the bounty, that the Earth has to give us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Welcoming community members ‘Black to the Land’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EARTHseed’s regular “Black to the Land” gatherings offer opportunities to experience being on the land, with a mission to reconnect Black people to the roots of Afro-Indigenous wisdom. At EARTHseed’s most recent gathering, held on a warm Sunday afternoon in July, a DJ spun music while over 30 predominantly Black and Latinx guests from around the Bay Area munched on tacos and sipped farm-fresh apple, pear and persimmon juices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921074\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921074\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"two smiling Black women sit under a tree on an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57425_IMG_0101-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer Devin Ariel, left, and artist Féven Zewdi hang out under the trees at EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some guests took self-guided tours, while others wandered through the rows of organic raspberry bushes to pick and eat berries in an informal version of EARTHseed’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.earthseedfarm.org/u-pick\">“U-Pick” program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris Kiambati, an environmental educator and teacher-in-residence at \u003ca href=\"https://www.slideranch.org/\">Slide Ranch\u003c/a> in Muir Beach, said the gatherings are “a good opportunity to meet with other Black farmers and environmentalists in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11921073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11921073\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"two Black women pick berries on an orchard\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57426_IMG_0073-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doris Kiambati, an environmental educator, left, and Kenya Wright, a healer and doula, pick raspberries during EARTHseed’s “Black to the Land” gathering. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abi Huff, an herbalist who resides in Santa Rosa and serves as EARTHseed’s Herb Diva, recalled her initial encounter with EARTHseed when she attended one of the first “Black to the Land” programs last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember walking down the driveway and walking up to the house and seeing all these beautiful Black people on the porch,” she said. “You know, my eyes welled up. Felt like something that’s been so needed here.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11921034/welcome-black-to-the-land-inside-sonoma-countys-first-afro-indigenous-permaculture-farm","authors":["11296"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_29491","news_4092","news_31412","news_27626","news_31407","news_4981"],"featImg":"news_11921089","label":"news"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/possible-5gxfizEbKOJ-pbF5ASgxrs_.1400x1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ATC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0018_AmericanSuburb_iTunesTile_01.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. 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Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/ME_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/OOW_Tile_Final.png","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. 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