Juneteenth Across the Bay: A Celebration of Heritage and Reflections on Injustice Past and Present
'We Still Are Lacking True Allies': California Sen. Steven Bradford on the Challenges Reparations Face in the Legislature
'A Matter of Political Responsibility': Political Scientist Weighs In on the Role of Reparations in Democracies
Black People Disproportionately Homeless in California
PHOTOS: Berkeley Juneteenth Festival Celebrates Black Pride and Community in the Face of Displacement
Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism
Black Parents Say It's Up to Them to Fix Unequal Oakland Schools
A Gift From My Grandmother: An Embrace of Life -- and Aging
Suspensions of Black Students on the Increase in San Francisco
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She likes to trot, plot and make things with her hands.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/060e9f56b9554e17942e89f413242774?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"mshossaini","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sara Hossaini | KQED","description":"KQED Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/060e9f56b9554e17942e89f413242774?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/060e9f56b9554e17942e89f413242774?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/shossaini"},"jdarden":{"type":"authors","id":"11225","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11225","found":true},"name":"Jenee Darden","firstName":"Jenee","lastName":"Darden","slug":"jdarden","email":"jeneedarden@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Jenee Darden is an award-winning journalist and proud native of Oakland. She has reported for NPR, Marketplace, Time magazine in Europe, The Southern Poverty Law Center, Huffington Post, The Root.com, and other news outlets. She is the creator and former host of the podcast Mental Health and Wellness Radio. Jenee holds a master's degree in journalism from the University of Southern California and a bachelor's degree in ethnic studies from UC San Diego.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b1fb1f827a63e9eb8983345006721bd8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@jeneedarden ","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Jenee Darden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b1fb1f827a63e9eb8983345006721bd8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b1fb1f827a63e9eb8983345006721bd8?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/jdarden"},"vrancano":{"type":"authors","id":"11276","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11276","found":true},"name":"Vanessa Rancaño","firstName":"Vanessa","lastName":"Rancaño","slug":"vrancano","email":"vrancano@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Reporter, Housing","bio":"Vanessa Rancaño reports on housing and homelessness for KQED. 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She's a former NPR Kroc Fellow, and a graduate of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"vanessarancano","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Vanessa Rancaño | KQED","description":"Reporter, Housing","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/vrancano"},"agarces":{"type":"authors","id":"11367","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11367","found":true},"name":"Audrey Garces","firstName":"Audrey","lastName":"Garces","slug":"agarces","email":"agarces@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Digital Producer","bio":"Audrey is a former digital producer at KQED News. 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Audrey graduated from San Francisco State University with a B.A. in journalism and a minor in political science.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5211bc2e6a809b9956da169e35ce63d5?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"audgar","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Audrey Garces | KQED","description":"Digital Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5211bc2e6a809b9956da169e35ce63d5?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5211bc2e6a809b9956da169e35ce63d5?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/agarces"},"ahall":{"type":"authors","id":"11490","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11490","found":true},"name":"Alex Hall","firstName":"Alex","lastName":"Hall","slug":"ahall","email":"ahall@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","bio":"Alex Hall is KQED's Enterprise and Accountability Reporter. She previously covered the Central Valley for five years from KQED's bureau in Fresno. Before joining KQED, Alex was an investigative reporting fellow at Wisconsin Public Radio and the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism. She has also worked as a bilingual producer for NPR's investigative unit and freelance video producer for Reuters TV on the Latin America desk. She got her start in journalism in South America, where she worked as a radio producer and Spanish-English translator for CNN Chile. Her documentary and investigation into the series of deadly COVID-19 outbreaks at Foster Farms won a national Edward R. Murrow award and was named an Investigative Reporters & Editors award finalist. Alex's reporting for Reveal on the Wisconsin dairy industry's reliance on undocumented immigrant labor was made into a film, Los Lecheros, which won a regional Edward R. Murrow award for best news documentary.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@chalexhall","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alex Hall | KQED","description":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ahall"},"afinney":{"type":"authors","id":"11772","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11772","found":true},"name":"Annelise Finney","firstName":"Annelise","lastName":"Finney","slug":"afinney","email":"afinney@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Weekend Reporter","bio":"Annelise reports on reparations and daily news for the weekend desk. She is also the co-producer the Sunday Music Drop, a radio series featuring Bay Area musicians. She joined KQED in 2021 as a general assignment reporter and is an alumna of KALW's Audio Academy. She was born and raised in the East Bay and holds a B.A. in Urban Studies from Barnard College.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5fded66cae47704cdfc5021cde0f3aa4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"sharkfinney","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Annelise Finney | KQED","description":"Weekend Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5fded66cae47704cdfc5021cde0f3aa4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5fded66cae47704cdfc5021cde0f3aa4?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/afinney"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11953298":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11953298","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11953298","score":null,"sort":[1687114185000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"juneteenth-across-the-bay-a-celebration-of-heritage-and-reflections-on-injustice-past-and-present","title":"Juneteenth Across the Bay: A Celebration of Heritage and Reflections on Injustice Past and Present","publishDate":1687114185,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Juneteenth Across the Bay: A Celebration of Heritage and Reflections on Injustice Past and Present | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>On June 19, 1865, two months after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to end the Civil War, a Union general trotted into Galveston, Texas, to notify still-enslaved Black people that they were free. [aside label=\"Reparations in California\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the beginning of Juneteenth — Black Independence Day, if you will. Juneteenth has been celebrated by Black people, many of whom are ancestors of enslaved Africans and Americans, for more than 150 years. And in 2021, President Biden made Juneteenth — June 19 — a federal holiday in the wake of nationwide protests over police killings of Black Americans. Federal observance of a day commemorating the emancipation of enslaved people should be a reminder that the United States continues to avert a true reckoning over the treatment of Black people. And instead of intentional policies to repair the harm caused by slavery and the systemic racism and discrimination that continues to emanate from more than two centuries of forced labor, most Americans get an extra day off of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But let’s not rain on a day when Black joy shines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953313\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953313 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two Black women, one in Bantu knots and another in a bright yellow head wrap, both in long, flowing, colorful clothing, dance alongside a drum circle on an outdoor stage.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Women dance alongside a drum circle during the Juneteenth celebration in Oakland on Saturday. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Juneteenth in Oakland, which held its 14th annual Juneteenth festival Saturday, is a family affair. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/fam-bam-oaklands-14th-annual-juneteenth-festival-registration-596989340187\">Fam Bam\u003c/a>, the party honoring Black culture and held at Lake Merritt Amphitheater, was actually the kickoff of a weekend-long celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As people celebrate freedoms granted in the past, some are thinking about California’s ongoing reparations efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953318\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953318 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of people, mostly Black, sit outside on a green and brown lawn, with pitched white tents in rows behind them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People sit facing Lake Merritt during Saturday’s Juneteenth festival. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Oakland resident Michael Spender, reparations mean “more channels to economic wealth, more channels to health care, more channels to security, the things that we need to have a better life … There’s a lot of money that is passed down, but it never seems to get where it’s supposed to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953321\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953321 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Amid white and red vendor tents, two Black men in checkered shirts, jeans, and baseball caps sit atop horses on the asphalt, both stopped to talk to people below them dressed casually and carrying drinks.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People look on as Black cowboys ride past festivalgoers. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Reparations Task Force will submit final recommendations to the Legislature at the end of this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposals will include how Black residents should be compensated for enduring oppression, and will suggest measures to repair decades of discriminatory policies in housing, education, health care, criminal justice and other areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953317\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953317 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with a wide grin and salt and pepper in his beard and mustache smiles into the sun beneath a woven cowboy hat.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rapper Larussel poses for a portrait during Juneteenth in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than just monetary,” said Fam Bam attendee Tonda Jackson from Oakland. “[It’s] education, housing, jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People gathered in cities across the Bay Area, including at Grace Bible Fellowship of Antioch for a Juneteenth celebration hosted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.gracearmsofantioch.org/\">Grace Arms of Antioch\u003c/a>, where there were bouncy houses, music and poetry performances, and wellness stations offering first aid and prayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writer, poet and Antioch resident Ari Why said Juneteenth was open to everybody who’s ever been impoverished and “brought down by the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953312\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953312 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A wooden bookshelf with three rows of children's books, covers facing out, and a chalk sign at the top saying, "Oakland Public Library."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Public Library booth at Saturday’s Juneteenth festival. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“\u003cb>\u003c/b>If you look into the history, African Americans are the only ones that haven’t received reparations for what they went through,” said Why, who also shared a poem on stage. “Every other nationality actually \u003cem>was\u003c/em> paid off. Even white Americans were paid off … Slave owners that lost slaves got reparations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953320\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt='A young Black man with trim hair and goatee and tattoo sleeves, wearing a black T-shirt that says \"Retired Slave / In Honor & Memory and My Ancestors,\" raises his right fist and smiles slightly as he looks at the camera.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cannon, outreach coordinator with Legal Services for Prisoners With Children, poses for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our country seems to be in denial about slavery. They don’t want to talk about things,” said Carrie Frazier, executive director for \u003ca href=\"https://www.villagekeeper.com/\">Village Keepers\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that supports Black families affected by poverty and systemic racism in East and Central Contra Costa County. “So for us to be able to know that our history is valid, it happened, and there was legislation to make it be freedom is important for us to know, because if we wait for the schools to teach it, we may never hear anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953319\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953319 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Three Black children tumble and smile in an open jumpy house that is bright yellow, with neighborhood scenes on it, as a Black woman with long black hair and sunglasses rests her right arm on the side and watches them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lameir Moncrese, 6, Paris Moncrese, 5, and Legend Moncrese, 3, play. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953325\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953325 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black girl turns her face, smiling, to the camera, red dots decorating the right side of her face, as a Black woman in an orange and green dress and sunglasses paints the left side of her face. They sit knee to knee on folding chairs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keena Romano (right) paints Leairah Lockett, 10. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953324\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953324 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black girl, maybe 9, with yellow painted dots on her face sits smiling beside an older Black woman, wearing a colorful embroidered tunic with her head wrapped beneath matching white cotton with yellow dots painted across her forehead and nose, standing beside a Black man in sunglasses, a wide-brimmed hat, and a Tupac Shakur T-shirt, also smiling and holding two bubble hands in his left hand.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Saniyah Johnson, Bush Mama Africa and Rick Johnson pose for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953322\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953322 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black women with elaborate makeup -- pink and orange eye shadow, lined lips, '80s-style gold bamboo hoops, and a nose ring -- with long reflective blue-gray nails, holding a red parasol and wearing a black beanie with brooches on it, looks beyond the camera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keiyana Kemp poses for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953323\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953323 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up of a Black woman holding up her '80s-style bamboo earring, with the word "Oakland" across it. Her hand has long, dark gray-painted nails.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keiyana Kemp shows her earrings. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953326\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953326 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two Black woman pose, smiling at the camera. The woman on the left looks over her right shoulder, showing the graphic on the back of her T-shirt and holding her friend's shoulder with her right arm. Both have long braids; the woman on the right has red, green, and yellow braids, and wears a red crop top, also a graphic T with an image of a Black woman.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fanna Jackson-Hill (left) and Sarah Morgan pose for a portrait . \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Otis R. Taylor Jr., María Fernanda Bernal, Billy Cruz, Amaya Edwards, Lakshmi Sarah and Attila Pelit contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In 2021, President Biden made Juneteenth — June 19 — a federal holiday in the wake of nationwide protests over police killings of Black Americans. Here's how some people are celebrating in the Bay Area.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1687220526,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":817},"headData":{"title":"Juneteenth Across the Bay: A Celebration of Heritage and Reflections on Injustice Past and Present | KQED","description":"In 2021, President Biden made Juneteenth — June 19 — a federal holiday in the wake of nationwide protests over police killings of Black Americans. Here's how some people are celebrating in the Bay Area.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11953298/juneteenth-across-the-bay-a-celebration-of-heritage-and-reflections-on-injustice-past-and-present","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On June 19, 1865, two months after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to end the Civil War, a Union general trotted into Galveston, Texas, to notify still-enslaved Black people that they were free. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Reparations in California ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the beginning of Juneteenth — Black Independence Day, if you will. Juneteenth has been celebrated by Black people, many of whom are ancestors of enslaved Africans and Americans, for more than 150 years. And in 2021, President Biden made Juneteenth — June 19 — a federal holiday in the wake of nationwide protests over police killings of Black Americans. Federal observance of a day commemorating the emancipation of enslaved people should be a reminder that the United States continues to avert a true reckoning over the treatment of Black people. And instead of intentional policies to repair the harm caused by slavery and the systemic racism and discrimination that continues to emanate from more than two centuries of forced labor, most Americans get an extra day off of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But let’s not rain on a day when Black joy shines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953313\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953313 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two Black women, one in Bantu knots and another in a bright yellow head wrap, both in long, flowing, colorful clothing, dance alongside a drum circle on an outdoor stage.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66364_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0028-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Women dance alongside a drum circle during the Juneteenth celebration in Oakland on Saturday. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Juneteenth in Oakland, which held its 14th annual Juneteenth festival Saturday, is a family affair. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/fam-bam-oaklands-14th-annual-juneteenth-festival-registration-596989340187\">Fam Bam\u003c/a>, the party honoring Black culture and held at Lake Merritt Amphitheater, was actually the kickoff of a weekend-long celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As people celebrate freedoms granted in the past, some are thinking about California’s ongoing reparations efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953318\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953318 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of people, mostly Black, sit outside on a green and brown lawn, with pitched white tents in rows behind them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66373_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0022-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People sit facing Lake Merritt during Saturday’s Juneteenth festival. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Oakland resident Michael Spender, reparations mean “more channels to economic wealth, more channels to health care, more channels to security, the things that we need to have a better life … There’s a lot of money that is passed down, but it never seems to get where it’s supposed to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953321\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953321 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Amid white and red vendor tents, two Black men in checkered shirts, jeans, and baseball caps sit atop horses on the asphalt, both stopped to talk to people below them dressed casually and carrying drinks.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66377_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0019-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People look on as Black cowboys ride past festivalgoers. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Reparations Task Force will submit final recommendations to the Legislature at the end of this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposals will include how Black residents should be compensated for enduring oppression, and will suggest measures to repair decades of discriminatory policies in housing, education, health care, criminal justice and other areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953317\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953317 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with a wide grin and salt and pepper in his beard and mustache smiles into the sun beneath a woven cowboy hat.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66368_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED-33-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rapper Larussel poses for a portrait during Juneteenth in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than just monetary,” said Fam Bam attendee Tonda Jackson from Oakland. “[It’s] education, housing, jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People gathered in cities across the Bay Area, including at Grace Bible Fellowship of Antioch for a Juneteenth celebration hosted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.gracearmsofantioch.org/\">Grace Arms of Antioch\u003c/a>, where there were bouncy houses, music and poetry performances, and wellness stations offering first aid and prayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writer, poet and Antioch resident Ari Why said Juneteenth was open to everybody who’s ever been impoverished and “brought down by the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953312\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953312 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A wooden bookshelf with three rows of children's books, covers facing out, and a chalk sign at the top saying, "Oakland Public Library."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66362_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0027-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Public Library booth at Saturday’s Juneteenth festival. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“\u003cb>\u003c/b>If you look into the history, African Americans are the only ones that haven’t received reparations for what they went through,” said Why, who also shared a poem on stage. “Every other nationality actually \u003cem>was\u003c/em> paid off. Even white Americans were paid off … Slave owners that lost slaves got reparations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953320\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt='A young Black man with trim hair and goatee and tattoo sleeves, wearing a black T-shirt that says \"Retired Slave / In Honor & Memory and My Ancestors,\" raises his right fist and smiles slightly as he looks at the camera.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66376_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0009-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cannon, outreach coordinator with Legal Services for Prisoners With Children, poses for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our country seems to be in denial about slavery. They don’t want to talk about things,” said Carrie Frazier, executive director for \u003ca href=\"https://www.villagekeeper.com/\">Village Keepers\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that supports Black families affected by poverty and systemic racism in East and Central Contra Costa County. “So for us to be able to know that our history is valid, it happened, and there was legislation to make it be freedom is important for us to know, because if we wait for the schools to teach it, we may never hear anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953319\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953319 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Three Black children tumble and smile in an open jumpy house that is bright yellow, with neighborhood scenes on it, as a Black woman with long black hair and sunglasses rests her right arm on the side and watches them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66375_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0002-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lameir Moncrese, 6, Paris Moncrese, 5, and Legend Moncrese, 3, play. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953325\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953325 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black girl turns her face, smiling, to the camera, red dots decorating the right side of her face, as a Black woman in an orange and green dress and sunglasses paints the left side of her face. They sit knee to knee on folding chairs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66384_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0030-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keena Romano (right) paints Leairah Lockett, 10. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953324\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953324 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black girl, maybe 9, with yellow painted dots on her face sits smiling beside an older Black woman, wearing a colorful embroidered tunic with her head wrapped beneath matching white cotton with yellow dots painted across her forehead and nose, standing beside a Black man in sunglasses, a wide-brimmed hat, and a Tupac Shakur T-shirt, also smiling and holding two bubble hands in his left hand.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66382_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0029-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Saniyah Johnson, Bush Mama Africa and Rick Johnson pose for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953322\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953322 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young Black women with elaborate makeup -- pink and orange eye shadow, lined lips, '80s-style gold bamboo hoops, and a nose ring -- with long reflective blue-gray nails, holding a red parasol and wearing a black beanie with brooches on it, looks beyond the camera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66378_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0007-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keiyana Kemp poses for a portrait. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953323\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953323 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up of a Black woman holding up her '80s-style bamboo earring, with the word "Oakland" across it. Her hand has long, dark gray-painted nails.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66379_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0006-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keiyana Kemp shows her earrings. \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953326\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11953326 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two Black woman pose, smiling at the camera. The woman on the left looks over her right shoulder, showing the graphic on the back of her T-shirt and holding her friend's shoulder with her right arm. Both have long braids; the woman on the right has red, green, and yellow braids, and wears a red crop top, also a graphic T with an image of a Black woman.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66386_20230617_Juneteenth_KQED_0011-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fanna Jackson-Hill (left) and Sarah Morgan pose for a portrait . \u003ccite>(Amaya Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Otis R. Taylor Jr., María Fernanda Bernal, Billy Cruz, Amaya Edwards, Lakshmi Sarah and Attila Pelit contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11953298/juneteenth-across-the-bay-a-celebration-of-heritage-and-reflections-on-injustice-past-and-present","authors":["236"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_30656","news_6385","news_32835","news_32487","news_32833","news_29534","news_32836","news_23528","news_32834","news_2923","news_22493"],"featImg":"news_11953315","label":"news"},"news_11953089":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11953089","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11953089","score":null,"sort":[1687006838000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"we-still-are-lacking-true-allies-california-senator-steven-bradford-on-the-challenges-reparations-face-in-legislature","title":"'We Still Are Lacking True Allies': California Sen. Steven Bradford on the Challenges Reparations Face in the Legislature","publishDate":1687006838,"format":"standard","headTitle":"‘We Still Are Lacking True Allies’: California Sen. Steven Bradford on the Challenges Reparations Face in the Legislature | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>The statewide task force studying reparations for Black Californians will submit its final report to the Legislature on June 29. This conversation was produced as part of KQED’s Juneteenth reparations radio special on June 17. For more on reparations in California, visit \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations\">\u003cem>kqed.org/reparations\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one of nine people appointed to design the nation’s first statewide reparations plan for Black people, state Sen. Steven Bradford’s work is visionary. But he’ll be the first to tell you he is a realist. The task force studying reparations for Black residents with enslaved ancestors will submit its final report to the Legislature at the end of this month. Early drafts detail a comprehensive plan to compensate Black residents for discriminatory state policies and to prevent discrimination moving forward.[aside label=\"Reparations in California\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png\"]The Los Angeles Democrat and 14-year veteran of the Legislature says the plan is overdue, but emphasizes that it doesn’t mean the changes the report proposes — a formal apology, dozens of policies, direct payments to descendants and a new state agency to manage those payments — will become a reality overnight. To make it happen, he wants to see more lawmakers take the initiative to educate themselves about the state’s history. He urges lawmakers who say they support racial justice to walk the walk for reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our Juneteenth reparations radio takeover, I sat down with Bradford to talk about what awaits the reparations proposal when it reaches the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annelise Finney: The state decided to study reparations back in 2020 in the aftermath of the murder of George Floyd and at a moment when there was a lot of energy behind calls for racial justice. It’s now three years later. How would you characterize the appetite for reparations in the Legislature today? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Steven Bradford: \u003c/strong>I would say it’s the same that it was a couple of years ago. I don’t think there was ever a strong appetite for reparations here in California or anywhere else in this nation. But the climate was right to move it forward. I’m a realist and I believe that we still have major hurdles. We still are lacking true allies on this issue. I mean, it’s easy to take a knee, as we did three years ago, almost 80 members at the west steps of the Capitol in solidarity for George Floyd and police reform. But that same year, we couldn’t get a police decertification bill out of the Legislature. So it’s one thing to have optics and [another to have] a real movement. Only time will tell how far we can move with this package of bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You mentioned the need for allies in this fight. What would allyship in the Legislature look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folks standing up and embracing and having a clear understanding that reparations is not charity, it’s not a handout, it’s not a gift. It’s something that is owed and due to those descendants of slavery here in this country. We had over 250 years of free labor. What built this nation was agriculture and the cotton industry. That’s what made America the wealthy country that it is today, and that was done on the backs of African descendants. People need to understand that. But it’s a lot of folks here in California that still have their head in the sand as to the reality of what slavery meant to this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can legislators like yourself pick and choose parts of the report, or do they have to adopt the entire thing? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s probably going to be a selection of things. I think it’s going to be far too detailed for us to do everything in this report. I’m just being realistic here. There’s a lot of detail. And my first challenge is hoping that the Legislature will read the report — first the interim report and then the final report that gives a clear validation and road map as to why these recommendations are being made and why they should be implemented into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you get more legislators to read the report? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If I could answer that, I’d be a rich man. I would hope they want to educate themselves and understand how we got here as a state and how we got here as a nation and the impact that slavery has had and continues to have on this county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the legislative timeline here? How long might this all take and what’s the earliest we might see legislation from the report put into practice? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earliest you’re going to probably see legislation is December of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you expect to be part of what’s introduced this December? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can’t speak to that. It’s going to be a working group of the Legislative Black Caucus. We will dissect and determine what we can move forward in a comprehensive manner. So I can’t speak to that until we see the final report and we all come together and collaborate and decide how we move forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The two legislators that helped develop the state’s reparations plan — you and Assemblymember Reginald Jones-Sawyer — both term out of the Legislature next year. Do you think your departure will impact the push for reparations in California? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hope not, because if we’re succeeded by more African Americans, it will be at least 12 members of the Legislature who are part of the Black Caucus who have the same commitment and passion for bringing reparations forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And is the Legislative Black Caucus united in its support of the reparations report? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a doubt. Many that were there when [Secretary of State] Dr. [Shirley] Weber passed the legislation [to create the reparations task force] are still here. So, yes, we’re in full support of moving a package of bills based on what that final report recommends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Got it. And when you and Assemblymember Jones-Sawyer leave the Legislature, is there anybody in particular you expect to take up the mantle in leading this push?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would hope all the members who are left behind would take up the mantle. It’s not up to one or two individuals to fight for reparations. I would hope our non-African American allies will pick up the mantle, too, and be vocal and courageous in fighting to make sure that we have a substantive reparations package here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A lot of work has gone into the process of creating this reparations plan. How are you feeling right now about the possibility of enacting these ideas into law? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m hopeful that, at the end of the day, if California is the progressive leading state that we claim to be, then we should want to take the mantle, lead and show the rest of the nation what reparations looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California reparations task force member state Sen. Steven Bradford talks to KQED about the challenges of getting reparations legislation passed, and about why it's important for all Californians.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1687054419,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":1258},"headData":{"title":"'We Still Are Lacking True Allies': California Sen. Steven Bradford on the Challenges Reparations Face in the Legislature | KQED","description":"California reparations task force member state Sen. Steven Bradford talks to KQED about the challenges of getting reparations legislation passed, and about why it's important for all Californians.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/DIGITAL-Bradford-2Way_Reparations-Takeover.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11953089/we-still-are-lacking-true-allies-california-senator-steven-bradford-on-the-challenges-reparations-face-in-legislature","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The statewide task force studying reparations for Black Californians will submit its final report to the Legislature on June 29. This conversation was produced as part of KQED’s Juneteenth reparations radio special on June 17. For more on reparations in California, visit \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations\">\u003cem>kqed.org/reparations\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one of nine people appointed to design the nation’s first statewide reparations plan for Black people, state Sen. Steven Bradford’s work is visionary. But he’ll be the first to tell you he is a realist. The task force studying reparations for Black residents with enslaved ancestors will submit its final report to the Legislature at the end of this month. Early drafts detail a comprehensive plan to compensate Black residents for discriminatory state policies and to prevent discrimination moving forward.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Reparations in California ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Los Angeles Democrat and 14-year veteran of the Legislature says the plan is overdue, but emphasizes that it doesn’t mean the changes the report proposes — a formal apology, dozens of policies, direct payments to descendants and a new state agency to manage those payments — will become a reality overnight. To make it happen, he wants to see more lawmakers take the initiative to educate themselves about the state’s history. He urges lawmakers who say they support racial justice to walk the walk for reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our Juneteenth reparations radio takeover, I sat down with Bradford to talk about what awaits the reparations proposal when it reaches the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annelise Finney: The state decided to study reparations back in 2020 in the aftermath of the murder of George Floyd and at a moment when there was a lot of energy behind calls for racial justice. It’s now three years later. How would you characterize the appetite for reparations in the Legislature today? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Steven Bradford: \u003c/strong>I would say it’s the same that it was a couple of years ago. I don’t think there was ever a strong appetite for reparations here in California or anywhere else in this nation. But the climate was right to move it forward. I’m a realist and I believe that we still have major hurdles. We still are lacking true allies on this issue. I mean, it’s easy to take a knee, as we did three years ago, almost 80 members at the west steps of the Capitol in solidarity for George Floyd and police reform. But that same year, we couldn’t get a police decertification bill out of the Legislature. So it’s one thing to have optics and [another to have] a real movement. Only time will tell how far we can move with this package of bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You mentioned the need for allies in this fight. What would allyship in the Legislature look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folks standing up and embracing and having a clear understanding that reparations is not charity, it’s not a handout, it’s not a gift. It’s something that is owed and due to those descendants of slavery here in this country. We had over 250 years of free labor. What built this nation was agriculture and the cotton industry. That’s what made America the wealthy country that it is today, and that was done on the backs of African descendants. People need to understand that. But it’s a lot of folks here in California that still have their head in the sand as to the reality of what slavery meant to this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can legislators like yourself pick and choose parts of the report, or do they have to adopt the entire thing? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s probably going to be a selection of things. I think it’s going to be far too detailed for us to do everything in this report. I’m just being realistic here. There’s a lot of detail. And my first challenge is hoping that the Legislature will read the report — first the interim report and then the final report that gives a clear validation and road map as to why these recommendations are being made and why they should be implemented into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you get more legislators to read the report? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If I could answer that, I’d be a rich man. I would hope they want to educate themselves and understand how we got here as a state and how we got here as a nation and the impact that slavery has had and continues to have on this county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the legislative timeline here? How long might this all take and what’s the earliest we might see legislation from the report put into practice? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earliest you’re going to probably see legislation is December of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you expect to be part of what’s introduced this December? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can’t speak to that. It’s going to be a working group of the Legislative Black Caucus. We will dissect and determine what we can move forward in a comprehensive manner. So I can’t speak to that until we see the final report and we all come together and collaborate and decide how we move forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The two legislators that helped develop the state’s reparations plan — you and Assemblymember Reginald Jones-Sawyer — both term out of the Legislature next year. Do you think your departure will impact the push for reparations in California? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hope not, because if we’re succeeded by more African Americans, it will be at least 12 members of the Legislature who are part of the Black Caucus who have the same commitment and passion for bringing reparations forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And is the Legislative Black Caucus united in its support of the reparations report? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a doubt. Many that were there when [Secretary of State] Dr. [Shirley] Weber passed the legislation [to create the reparations task force] are still here. So, yes, we’re in full support of moving a package of bills based on what that final report recommends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Got it. And when you and Assemblymember Jones-Sawyer leave the Legislature, is there anybody in particular you expect to take up the mantle in leading this push?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would hope all the members who are left behind would take up the mantle. It’s not up to one or two individuals to fight for reparations. I would hope our non-African American allies will pick up the mantle, too, and be vocal and courageous in fighting to make sure that we have a substantive reparations package here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A lot of work has gone into the process of creating this reparations plan. How are you feeling right now about the possibility of enacting these ideas into law? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m hopeful that, at the end of the day, if California is the progressive leading state that we claim to be, then we should want to take the mantle, lead and show the rest of the nation what reparations looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11953089/we-still-are-lacking-true-allies-california-senator-steven-bradford-on-the-challenges-reparations-face-in-legislature","authors":["11772"],"categories":["news_31795","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_6385","news_32487","news_30345","news_30652","news_23528","news_2923"],"featImg":"news_11942341","label":"news"},"news_11953107":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11953107","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11953107","score":null,"sort":[1687006818000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-matter-of-political-responsibility-political-scientist-weighs-in-on-the-role-of-reparations-in-democracies","title":"'A Matter of Political Responsibility': Political Scientist Weighs In on the Role of Reparations in Democracies","publishDate":1687006818,"format":"standard","headTitle":"‘A Matter of Political Responsibility’: Political Scientist Weighs In on the Role of Reparations in Democracies | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>The statewide task force studying reparations for Black Californians will submit its final report to the Legislature on June 29. This conversation was produced as part of KQED’s Juneteenth reparations radio special that aired on June 17. For more on reparations in California, visit \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations\">\u003cem>kqed.org/reparations\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento State professor Mark Brown cut a striking figure at the California Reparations Task Force meetings. The professor of political science is a tall, thin white man who could often be seen sitting quietly in the audience, taking notes for the classes he teaches on reparations and critical whiteness in Germany and the United States.[aside label=\"Reparations in California\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png\"]At the task force meetings over the last two years, non-Black audience members have been rare, but Brown argues that non-Black Californians should be paying attention. According to the 2020 census, Black residents make up less than 6% of the state’s population. If the task force’s expansive proposals are to become law after they arrive in the Legislature, they will require broad-based support from California residents across racial groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says providing reparations to communities can restore some legitimacy to democratic governments in places where inequity has caused disillusionment and distrust. In doing so, he suggests, reparations can strengthen democracies, offering a potential benefit to all Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our Juneteenth reparations radio takeover, I spoke with Brown about the role of reparations in democracies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annelise Finney: In \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article275034421.html\">\u003cstrong>a recent op-ed in \u003cem>The Sacramento Bee\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, you wrote that paying reparations to the descendants of American slavery is a question of political responsibility. Can you explain what you mean by that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mark Brown:\u003c/strong> It’s a way of saying that reparations is not about individual guilt. You can only be guilty for things you have done yourself, and nobody alive today is personally guilty of enslaving anyone [as part of American chattel slavery]. So talking about reparations as a matter of political responsibility is a way of saying that it’s a shared, collective responsibility. And it’s a way of talking about taking responsibility for the wrongs committed by the government that represents us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it’s useful to see reparations as part of democratic citizenship, similar to paying taxes or voting and so on. We get various benefits from being citizens — we have roads, bridges, the sewage system, schools, parks and so on — and so we need to also accept the shared burdens that come with those benefits. It would be unfair to only take the benefits and refuse the burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you understand the role of paying reparations to harmed groups in democracies generally?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a democracy, it’s important for governments to take account of public opinion, and that’s one of the biggest challenges for reparations at the moment. A survey last fall found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2022/11/28/black-and-white-americans-are-far-apart-in-their-views-of-reparations-for-slavery/\">public support for reparations is about 30% nationwide\u003c/a>, which is actually more than double what it was two decades ago. But it’s still far from a majority. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/californians-racial-attitudes-and-the-reparations-task-force/\">more recent poll in California\u003c/a> finds that it’s somewhat higher, perhaps even a lot higher. But in any case, it’s important for, on the one hand, politicians to engage with the public and take seriously public concerns about reparations and public skepticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But also democracy does not mean that governments do exactly what the people want. It’s very common for political representatives to attempt to persuade their constituents and make attempts to change public opinion on issues that matter. A really good example of this is the history of reparations in Germany, when Germany paid reparations for the Holocaust to the state of Israel and to individual Jewish survivors. The majority of the public was actually opposed and it took a long time and a lot of work by political leaders and activists to change public opinion. Thirty years later, Germany was widely seen as a real model for developing a culture of memory and for really integrating efforts to remember the Holocaust and teach about it into German culture and German national identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The recommendations that the state task force has made don’t specify how they would be paid for, but presumably it includes some amount of taxpayer dollars, including the taxes paid by Black residents of California. How does that fit into your understanding of political responsibility and the state’s role here? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, my understanding is that it’s not quite clear yet exactly how reparations will be funded. I do think funding that through taxpayer dollars is the most democratic, and that does mean that potentially recipients would also pay into the fund that pays for reparations. But that should really be seen as a form of inclusion and of citizenship. And we have a progressive tax system, and those who are more wealthy pay more taxes. And so I think that could be a way to increase public support for reparations, to make clear it’s not about white people being asked to give something to Black people. It’s about all of us, as democratic citizens, trying to take account of the wrongs committed by our government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If the state does create reparations programs, how do you think that might impact political divisions in California and across the country? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People often say that reparations are going to be divisive. It certainly is a controversial topic and there are huge differences among different groups in public opinion. But our country is already strongly divided on a whole range of issues, and public opinion on questions of racial disparity and racial justice is one of the most significant areas of division. And I think there’s actually a good case to be made that reparations can help to reduce division and to provide a certain kind of reconciliation. That’s often been the role of reparations and in other countries as part of a peace process. Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas) was recently quoted as saying, “Reparations are ultimately about respect, reconciliation and healing.” And I think there’s at least the potential that it could play that role in helping to overcome some of our political divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sacramento State professor Mark Brown talks to KQED about how reparations can strengthen democracies, offering a potential benefit to all Californians.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1687130081,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":1107},"headData":{"title":"'A Matter of Political Responsibility': Political Scientist Weighs In on the Role of Reparations in Democracies | KQED","description":"Sacramento State professor Mark Brown talks to KQED about how reparations can strengthen democracies, offering a potential benefit to all Californians.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/DIGITAL-Mark-Brown-2Way_Reparations-Takover.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11953107/a-matter-of-political-responsibility-political-scientist-weighs-in-on-the-role-of-reparations-in-democracies","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The statewide task force studying reparations for Black Californians will submit its final report to the Legislature on June 29. This conversation was produced as part of KQED’s Juneteenth reparations radio special that aired on June 17. For more on reparations in California, visit \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations\">\u003cem>kqed.org/reparations\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento State professor Mark Brown cut a striking figure at the California Reparations Task Force meetings. The professor of political science is a tall, thin white man who could often be seen sitting quietly in the audience, taking notes for the classes he teaches on reparations and critical whiteness in Germany and the United States.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Reparations in California ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the task force meetings over the last two years, non-Black audience members have been rare, but Brown argues that non-Black Californians should be paying attention. According to the 2020 census, Black residents make up less than 6% of the state’s population. If the task force’s expansive proposals are to become law after they arrive in the Legislature, they will require broad-based support from California residents across racial groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says providing reparations to communities can restore some legitimacy to democratic governments in places where inequity has caused disillusionment and distrust. In doing so, he suggests, reparations can strengthen democracies, offering a potential benefit to all Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our Juneteenth reparations radio takeover, I spoke with Brown about the role of reparations in democracies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annelise Finney: In \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article275034421.html\">\u003cstrong>a recent op-ed in \u003cem>The Sacramento Bee\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, you wrote that paying reparations to the descendants of American slavery is a question of political responsibility. Can you explain what you mean by that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mark Brown:\u003c/strong> It’s a way of saying that reparations is not about individual guilt. You can only be guilty for things you have done yourself, and nobody alive today is personally guilty of enslaving anyone [as part of American chattel slavery]. So talking about reparations as a matter of political responsibility is a way of saying that it’s a shared, collective responsibility. And it’s a way of talking about taking responsibility for the wrongs committed by the government that represents us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it’s useful to see reparations as part of democratic citizenship, similar to paying taxes or voting and so on. We get various benefits from being citizens — we have roads, bridges, the sewage system, schools, parks and so on — and so we need to also accept the shared burdens that come with those benefits. It would be unfair to only take the benefits and refuse the burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you understand the role of paying reparations to harmed groups in democracies generally?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a democracy, it’s important for governments to take account of public opinion, and that’s one of the biggest challenges for reparations at the moment. A survey last fall found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2022/11/28/black-and-white-americans-are-far-apart-in-their-views-of-reparations-for-slavery/\">public support for reparations is about 30% nationwide\u003c/a>, which is actually more than double what it was two decades ago. But it’s still far from a majority. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/californians-racial-attitudes-and-the-reparations-task-force/\">more recent poll in California\u003c/a> finds that it’s somewhat higher, perhaps even a lot higher. But in any case, it’s important for, on the one hand, politicians to engage with the public and take seriously public concerns about reparations and public skepticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But also democracy does not mean that governments do exactly what the people want. It’s very common for political representatives to attempt to persuade their constituents and make attempts to change public opinion on issues that matter. A really good example of this is the history of reparations in Germany, when Germany paid reparations for the Holocaust to the state of Israel and to individual Jewish survivors. The majority of the public was actually opposed and it took a long time and a lot of work by political leaders and activists to change public opinion. Thirty years later, Germany was widely seen as a real model for developing a culture of memory and for really integrating efforts to remember the Holocaust and teach about it into German culture and German national identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The recommendations that the state task force has made don’t specify how they would be paid for, but presumably it includes some amount of taxpayer dollars, including the taxes paid by Black residents of California. How does that fit into your understanding of political responsibility and the state’s role here? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, my understanding is that it’s not quite clear yet exactly how reparations will be funded. I do think funding that through taxpayer dollars is the most democratic, and that does mean that potentially recipients would also pay into the fund that pays for reparations. But that should really be seen as a form of inclusion and of citizenship. And we have a progressive tax system, and those who are more wealthy pay more taxes. And so I think that could be a way to increase public support for reparations, to make clear it’s not about white people being asked to give something to Black people. It’s about all of us, as democratic citizens, trying to take account of the wrongs committed by our government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If the state does create reparations programs, how do you think that might impact political divisions in California and across the country? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People often say that reparations are going to be divisive. It certainly is a controversial topic and there are huge differences among different groups in public opinion. But our country is already strongly divided on a whole range of issues, and public opinion on questions of racial disparity and racial justice is one of the most significant areas of division. And I think there’s actually a good case to be made that reparations can help to reduce division and to provide a certain kind of reconciliation. That’s often been the role of reparations and in other countries as part of a peace process. Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas) was recently quoted as saying, “Reparations are ultimately about respect, reconciliation and healing.” And I think there’s at least the potential that it could play that role in helping to overcome some of our political divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11953107/a-matter-of-political-responsibility-political-scientist-weighs-in-on-the-role-of-reparations-in-democracies","authors":["11772"],"categories":["news_31795","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_6385","news_32487","news_18538","news_30345","news_30652","news_23528","news_2923"],"featImg":"news_11952793","label":"news"},"news_11778741":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11778741","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11778741","score":null,"sort":[1570569346000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"black-people-disproportionately-homeless-in-california","title":"Black People Disproportionately Homeless in California","publishDate":1570569346,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Just a few years ago, Yolanda Harraway was living in a tent on the streets of Chinatown in Salinas, an agricultural hub struggling with a growing homeless community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway’s slide into homelessness began when her son was taken from her custody by Child Protective Services. She struggled with addiction and had several felonies on her record, which cut her off from various state and government-funded housing options. She also had a hard time holding a job — once her background check came back, she would be let go, time and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway, who is black, has since found permanent housing, earned her high school diploma and sobriety. Yet, experts say the problems she encountered are more prevalent among black people and can lead to or perpetuate homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Steve Berg, National Alliance to End Homelessness\"]'Higher poverty rates among black and Native American people are quite pronounced. And race discrimination by landlords or by the corrections system, those all combine to lead to these vary disparate rates of homelessness.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new homeless census carried out nationally shows that black people are greatly overrepresented in the homeless population across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Monterey County, the percentage of black or African American people who are homeless is more than seven times higher than the county’s black population. It is nearly six times higher at the state level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While only 3.5% of people living in Monterey County identify as “black or African American,” 25% of the county’s homeless population identifies as such, according to the homeless census, also known as the Point-in-Time Count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And across the state, the U.S. Census shows about 6.5% of Californians identify as black or African American, but they account for nearly 40% of the state’s homeless, according to a Department of Housing and Urban Development report to Congress. Nationally, black people account for 13.4% of the population but are 39.8% of the homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A September report from Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) indicates institutional racism plays a large role in the extreme over-representation of homelessness of all people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black people are more likely than white people to experience homelessness in the United States, including in Los Angeles County,” the report says. “... The impact of institutional and structural racism in education, criminal justice, housing, employment, health care and access to opportunities cannot be denied: Homelessness is a by-product of racism in America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-800x378.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"378\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11778748\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-800x378.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-160x76.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-1020x482.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic.jpg 1164w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Monterey County, estimates from the homeless census show the black homeless rate more than doubled from 2017-2019, growing from 12% of the population to 25% in that time. The numbers surprised local officials, some suggesting the count might have been at fault, as it is an imperfect snapshot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is carried out in the dark, of a population that does not want to be seen,” said Elliott Robinson, interim executive director of the nonprofit Coalition of Homeless Service Providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Furthermore, the count is often carried out as unobtrusively as possible, meaning census takers, most of whom are volunteers, may guess at the race or ethnicity of homeless people so as not to wake or frighten them, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in that same amount of time, Los Angeles County showed a large growth in its black homeless population as well, increasing 22%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prison Reform and Homelessness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Steve Berg, vice president of programs and policy for the National Alliance to End Homelessness, suggested that California’s prison reform efforts might be another factor in the increased percentage of black homeless people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people have been released from prison in California since 2008 as the state pursued aggressive policies to relieve overcrowding and handle punishment and rehabilitation outside prison walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Homelessness\" tag=\"homelessness\"]According to an April report by the Pew Research Center, while the percentage of black people sentenced to prison has decreased in number in recent years, it is still disproportionately high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, white people accounted for 64% of adults in the U.S. but only for 30% of prisoners, and while Hispanics represented 16% of the adult population, they accounted for 23% of inmates. Accounting for only 12% of the adult population, black people are 33% of the sentenced prison population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of corrections is a huge risk factor for homelessness,” Berg said. “That creates a sort of bounceback effect. People who come out of prison and become homeless are far more likely to go back to prison than people who come out of prison and don’t become homeless. The large racial disparities in the corrections system are both a cause and effect of disparities in homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway was arrested at least a dozen times, most often related to drugs, and cycled in and out of the prison system, which she said was common among the homeless residents of Chinatown. She connected with Community Homeless Solutions and entered its Women in Transition program, after which she found permanent housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the state’s prison reform efforts, the rate of successful parole applications has jumped from a few out of every 100 to almost one in six. In 2017, a congressional committee found that “95 percent of the prison population today will be released at some point in the future.” The share of parole hearings that ended in a recommended release jumped from under 3% in 2007 to 19.1% in 2014, according to California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But felony records, stagnant wages and a rising housing crisis combined with policies that exclude or punish marginalized groups can ensnare vulnerable black people in homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even without felony records, black people face more difficulties finding employment and housing than other races or ethnicities, the National Fair Housing Alliance (NFHA) demonstrated in a recent report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NFHA found that even after the Fair Housing Act of 1968 legally outlawed denying people housing based on race after redlining and exclusionary zoning targeted people of color, black people still face housing discrimination. Another analysis of the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data evidenced that black people are charged higher fees and rates than white borrowers and are routinely denied mortgage loan applications at a much higher rate than white applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a community where the barrier is at the front door,” Berg said. “The higher poverty rates among black and Native American people are quite pronounced. And race discrimination by landlords or by the corrections system, those all combine to lead to these vary disparate rates of homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778753\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A man walks the railroad tracks along the edge of a homeless encampment where he stays on June 12, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11778753\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-1020x782.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-1200x920.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man walks the railroad tracks along the edge of a homeless encampment where he stays on June 12, 2019. \u003ccite>(Photo: Kate Cimini)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The R-Word:' Racism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“When you get the r-word in your head, it’s bad for the whole community,” Harraway said. “It can start a riot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At shelters and programs in Chinatown, Harraway said she noticed rules were often more harshly applied to black people. While people with lighter skin might be allowed to cut in line for the bathroom in an emergency, for example, black people in the same situation might be told to wait their turn, Harraway said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s alienating,” Harraway said. “It hurts. Especially when you have the attitude (that) we’re all in this together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, she said, racial tensions violently divided the community in Chinatown where she stayed. People began to retreat behind racial lines, with black people facing off against Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway herself was later diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder from all the violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway’s cousin was killed; she arrived just in time to witness his last breaths. Between Aug. 22 and Sept. 17, six people were killed in Chinatown, some shot in broad daylight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When broken down by race and ethnicity, PTSD affects black people more than any other group, and black women at a greater rate than black men, according to a 2011 study published in the Journal of Psychological Medicine. A 2006 study in the Journal of Emotional Abuse also found that perceived racism contributed to emotional and psychological trauma in people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11777759,news_11777005,news_11774832,news_11764275 label='Related Coverage']When asked by LAHSA what would have kept survey participants from becoming homeless, the most common answer was “someone who cared about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some homeless black residents in Monterey County say that is exacerbated by the lack of black people in decision-making positions in programs that serve the homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victoria Powers, a black woman in her 30s who has lived in Chinatown since she was 15, agrees. Latinos working in shelters gave special treatment to the Latinos living on the street, she said, but the same was not true for black people hired by the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d think they’d want to help their people, but they’re too afraid of getting fired,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just shows that racism still, in some form, exists,” added Shawn Payton, a black homeless resident in Chinatown and Harraway’s cousin. “The whites, the Mexicans (working in shelters and housing) are going to look out for their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers and others said they felt shut out of services, that they weren’t told certain programs existed until another black person clued them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where’s the money going?” Powers asked. “We don’t see it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes Bonilla, executive director of Monterey County’s Community Homeless Solutions, which runs the transitional housing program Harraway went through, said he often encounters that perception by black people coming into transitional housing programs. However, he denied that race factored into the way clients are treated, calling it a misconception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berg noted that this sense of exclusion is not unusual among black homeless people, however, and added that there are ways to combat it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really a matter of working with the black community to make sure, to know that these resources exist and work with people to make sure they’re as friendly as possible,” Berg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with people experiencing the programs as well will go a long way to improving gaps in the program and helping streamline the process, continued Berg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson, at the Coalition of Homeless Services, noted that the coalition has seen a gap in the number of black people enrolled in their services versus the number of white people enrolled, evidenced in its 2018 report on racial disparities in homelessness. While black people outnumber white people 12-to-1 among the homeless population, they only enroll at a rate of 3-to-1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, once enrolled in the program, the percentage of positive outcomes for black and white clients are nearly uniform, with 8.59 black people graduating to permanent housing for every 10 white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you enter the system, your chance of a positive outcome is the same as anyone else,” Robinson said. “I think that’s an important point, though, that we should do a better job of outreach or building trust. We are falling short.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kate Cimini is a multimedia journalist for The Californian. This article is part of the California Divide project, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequality and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In Monterey County, the percentage of black or African American people who are homeless is more than seven times higher than the county's black population. It is nearly six times higher at the state level.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1570572513,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":50,"wordCount":1934},"headData":{"title":"Black People Disproportionately Homeless in California | KQED","description":"In Monterey County, the percentage of black or African American people who are homeless is more than seven times higher than the county's black population. It is nearly six times higher at the state level.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11778741 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11778741","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/10/08/black-people-disproportionately-homeless-in-california/","disqusTitle":"Black People Disproportionately Homeless in California","source":"CalMatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/kate-cimini/\">Kate Cimini\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11778741/black-people-disproportionately-homeless-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just a few years ago, Yolanda Harraway was living in a tent on the streets of Chinatown in Salinas, an agricultural hub struggling with a growing homeless community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway’s slide into homelessness began when her son was taken from her custody by Child Protective Services. She struggled with addiction and had several felonies on her record, which cut her off from various state and government-funded housing options. She also had a hard time holding a job — once her background check came back, she would be let go, time and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway, who is black, has since found permanent housing, earned her high school diploma and sobriety. Yet, experts say the problems she encountered are more prevalent among black people and can lead to or perpetuate homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Higher poverty rates among black and Native American people are quite pronounced. And race discrimination by landlords or by the corrections system, those all combine to lead to these vary disparate rates of homelessness.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Steve Berg, National Alliance to End Homelessness","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new homeless census carried out nationally shows that black people are greatly overrepresented in the homeless population across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Monterey County, the percentage of black or African American people who are homeless is more than seven times higher than the county’s black population. It is nearly six times higher at the state level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While only 3.5% of people living in Monterey County identify as “black or African American,” 25% of the county’s homeless population identifies as such, according to the homeless census, also known as the Point-in-Time Count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And across the state, the U.S. Census shows about 6.5% of Californians identify as black or African American, but they account for nearly 40% of the state’s homeless, according to a Department of Housing and Urban Development report to Congress. Nationally, black people account for 13.4% of the population but are 39.8% of the homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A September report from Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) indicates institutional racism plays a large role in the extreme over-representation of homelessness of all people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black people are more likely than white people to experience homelessness in the United States, including in Los Angeles County,” the report says. “... The impact of institutional and structural racism in education, criminal justice, housing, employment, health care and access to opportunities cannot be denied: Homelessness is a by-product of racism in America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-800x378.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"378\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11778748\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-800x378.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-160x76.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic-1020x482.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-graphic.jpg 1164w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Monterey County, estimates from the homeless census show the black homeless rate more than doubled from 2017-2019, growing from 12% of the population to 25% in that time. The numbers surprised local officials, some suggesting the count might have been at fault, as it is an imperfect snapshot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is carried out in the dark, of a population that does not want to be seen,” said Elliott Robinson, interim executive director of the nonprofit Coalition of Homeless Service Providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Furthermore, the count is often carried out as unobtrusively as possible, meaning census takers, most of whom are volunteers, may guess at the race or ethnicity of homeless people so as not to wake or frighten them, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in that same amount of time, Los Angeles County showed a large growth in its black homeless population as well, increasing 22%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prison Reform and Homelessness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Steve Berg, vice president of programs and policy for the National Alliance to End Homelessness, suggested that California’s prison reform efforts might be another factor in the increased percentage of black homeless people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people have been released from prison in California since 2008 as the state pursued aggressive policies to relieve overcrowding and handle punishment and rehabilitation outside prison walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Homelessness ","tag":"homelessness"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to an April report by the Pew Research Center, while the percentage of black people sentenced to prison has decreased in number in recent years, it is still disproportionately high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, white people accounted for 64% of adults in the U.S. but only for 30% of prisoners, and while Hispanics represented 16% of the adult population, they accounted for 23% of inmates. Accounting for only 12% of the adult population, black people are 33% of the sentenced prison population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of corrections is a huge risk factor for homelessness,” Berg said. “That creates a sort of bounceback effect. People who come out of prison and become homeless are far more likely to go back to prison than people who come out of prison and don’t become homeless. The large racial disparities in the corrections system are both a cause and effect of disparities in homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway was arrested at least a dozen times, most often related to drugs, and cycled in and out of the prison system, which she said was common among the homeless residents of Chinatown. She connected with Community Homeless Solutions and entered its Women in Transition program, after which she found permanent housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the state’s prison reform efforts, the rate of successful parole applications has jumped from a few out of every 100 to almost one in six. In 2017, a congressional committee found that “95 percent of the prison population today will be released at some point in the future.” The share of parole hearings that ended in a recommended release jumped from under 3% in 2007 to 19.1% in 2014, according to California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But felony records, stagnant wages and a rising housing crisis combined with policies that exclude or punish marginalized groups can ensnare vulnerable black people in homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even without felony records, black people face more difficulties finding employment and housing than other races or ethnicities, the National Fair Housing Alliance (NFHA) demonstrated in a recent report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NFHA found that even after the Fair Housing Act of 1968 legally outlawed denying people housing based on race after redlining and exclusionary zoning targeted people of color, black people still face housing discrimination. Another analysis of the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data evidenced that black people are charged higher fees and rates than white borrowers and are routinely denied mortgage loan applications at a much higher rate than white applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a community where the barrier is at the front door,” Berg said. “The higher poverty rates among black and Native American people are quite pronounced. And race discrimination by landlords or by the corrections system, those all combine to lead to these vary disparate rates of homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778753\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A man walks the railroad tracks along the edge of a homeless encampment where he stays on June 12, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11778753\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-1020x782.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks-1200x920.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/BLACK-HOMELESS-train-tracks.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man walks the railroad tracks along the edge of a homeless encampment where he stays on June 12, 2019. \u003ccite>(Photo: Kate Cimini)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The R-Word:' Racism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“When you get the r-word in your head, it’s bad for the whole community,” Harraway said. “It can start a riot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At shelters and programs in Chinatown, Harraway said she noticed rules were often more harshly applied to black people. While people with lighter skin might be allowed to cut in line for the bathroom in an emergency, for example, black people in the same situation might be told to wait their turn, Harraway said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s alienating,” Harraway said. “It hurts. Especially when you have the attitude (that) we’re all in this together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, she said, racial tensions violently divided the community in Chinatown where she stayed. People began to retreat behind racial lines, with black people facing off against Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway herself was later diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder from all the violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harraway’s cousin was killed; she arrived just in time to witness his last breaths. Between Aug. 22 and Sept. 17, six people were killed in Chinatown, some shot in broad daylight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When broken down by race and ethnicity, PTSD affects black people more than any other group, and black women at a greater rate than black men, according to a 2011 study published in the Journal of Psychological Medicine. A 2006 study in the Journal of Emotional Abuse also found that perceived racism contributed to emotional and psychological trauma in people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11777759,news_11777005,news_11774832,news_11764275","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When asked by LAHSA what would have kept survey participants from becoming homeless, the most common answer was “someone who cared about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some homeless black residents in Monterey County say that is exacerbated by the lack of black people in decision-making positions in programs that serve the homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victoria Powers, a black woman in her 30s who has lived in Chinatown since she was 15, agrees. Latinos working in shelters gave special treatment to the Latinos living on the street, she said, but the same was not true for black people hired by the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d think they’d want to help their people, but they’re too afraid of getting fired,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just shows that racism still, in some form, exists,” added Shawn Payton, a black homeless resident in Chinatown and Harraway’s cousin. “The whites, the Mexicans (working in shelters and housing) are going to look out for their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers and others said they felt shut out of services, that they weren’t told certain programs existed until another black person clued them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where’s the money going?” Powers asked. “We don’t see it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes Bonilla, executive director of Monterey County’s Community Homeless Solutions, which runs the transitional housing program Harraway went through, said he often encounters that perception by black people coming into transitional housing programs. However, he denied that race factored into the way clients are treated, calling it a misconception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berg noted that this sense of exclusion is not unusual among black homeless people, however, and added that there are ways to combat it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really a matter of working with the black community to make sure, to know that these resources exist and work with people to make sure they’re as friendly as possible,” Berg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with people experiencing the programs as well will go a long way to improving gaps in the program and helping streamline the process, continued Berg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson, at the Coalition of Homeless Services, noted that the coalition has seen a gap in the number of black people enrolled in their services versus the number of white people enrolled, evidenced in its 2018 report on racial disparities in homelessness. While black people outnumber white people 12-to-1 among the homeless population, they only enroll at a rate of 3-to-1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, once enrolled in the program, the percentage of positive outcomes for black and white clients are nearly uniform, with 8.59 black people graduating to permanent housing for every 10 white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you enter the system, your chance of a positive outcome is the same as anyone else,” Robinson said. “I think that’s an important point, though, that we should do a better job of outreach or building trust. We are falling short.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kate Cimini is a multimedia journalist for The Californian. This article is part of the California Divide project, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequality and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11778741/black-people-disproportionately-homeless-in-california","authors":["byline_news_11778741"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_457","news_6266","news_8"],"tags":["news_6385","news_20305","news_4020","news_4084","news_4889"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11778747","label":"source_news_11778741"},"news_11755103":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11755103","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11755103","score":null,"sort":[1560734780000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"photos-berkeley-juneteenth-festival-celebrates-black-pride-and-community-in-the-face-of-displacement","title":"PHOTOS: Berkeley Juneteenth Festival Celebrates Black Pride and Community in the Face of Displacement","publishDate":1560734780,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Diversity and black pride were the focus of the 33rd annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyjuneteenth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Berkeley Juneteenth Festival\u003c/a>, a celebration that took over three blocks in the Adeline-Alcatraz corridor of South Berkeley on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the sound of drums and raps, thousands celebrated the day — June 19, 1865 — that the last former slaves learned they were free, two and a half years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley's festival, held annually since 1986 (save once in 2008) is the longest running Juneteenth celebration in Northern California and has come to commemorate not only black history and traditions, but also the preservation of community in light of increasing displacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Berkeley70.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-fifth\u003c/a> of Berkeley's population in the 1980 census, African Americans \u003ca href=\"https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now represent only 8.6% of the city\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I was a kid, South Berkeley was almost all black, and as a whole, the city was a lot more integrated and diverse,\" said Dakh Jones, a 40-year-old local entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now raising a 6-year-old in North Berkeley, Jones said he did not fully realize the extent of the changes until he sent his son to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If feels strange to feel like that in my own hometown, so I come to Juneteenth to celebrate my heritage, and to show my son what it used to be like,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Councilmember Ben Bartlett remembers how Berkeley was once known for its blackness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were able to dig in and create our own economy and create prosperity on our own terms,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bartlett's family was one of the first black families to settle in South Berkeley. However, the Lorin District only became the center of black life in the city after the internment of the Japanese who \u003ca href=\"https://anchoreditions.com/blog/dorothea-lange-censored-photographs?fbclid=IwAR3bHJJpr0evhk45CDxBmHDOXvoW3X3BeEORxurtl2u-2w1zAn5hLUfqskw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">used to own property there\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Juneteenth is really an evolving concept,\" Bartlett said, \"because while we're trapped in poverty and while we're not allowed to achieve the American dream and access the resources, we're not really free.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See more pictures and read more testimonies from the event below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11824733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the SambaFunk! collective dance and drum during the 2019 Berkeley Juneteenth Festival. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755113 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Bodden aka Papa Smurf has been a regular at Berkeley Juneteenth for 20 years. He remembers his youth traveling up and down Adeline Street. 'The black population in the Bay Area is getting smaller, but we're like roaches — we know how to survive.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Bodden aka Papa Smurf has been a regular at Berkeley Juneteenth for 20 years. He remembers his youth traveling up and down Adeline Street. 'The black population in the Bay Area is getting smaller, but we're like roaches — we know how to survive.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755110\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755110 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"'This is my Independence Day,' says Akilah Shaheed (L), Office Manager for Health Black Families Inc., pictured with her mother Jeanine. 'Every year we celebrate Juneteenth knowing every physical slave was released.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'This is my Independence Day,' says Akilah Shaheed (L), Office Manager for Health Black Families Inc., pictured with her mother Jeanine. 'Every year we celebrate Juneteenth knowing every physical slave was released.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755111 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"'In my mind, [Juneteenth] is the actual independence day of America, the day that all of us became free,' said city councilman Ben Bartlett. He became a city councilmember several years ago when his own mother was facing displacement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'In my mind, [Juneteenth] is the actual independence day of America, the day that all of us became free,' said city councilman Ben Bartlett. He became a city councilmember several years ago when his own mother was facing displacement. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755118 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Former rent board commissioner Christina Murphy (L) and Margy Wilkinson (R), both Berkeley residents, used the Juneteenth festival to raise awareness of affordable housing. 'This whole area used to give back to families of low income and people of color,' said Murphy. 'When they started displacing people and taking out the businesses, we started losing the colors of Juneteenth.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former rent board commissioner Christina Murphy (L) and Margy Wilkinson (R), both Berkeley residents, used the Juneteenth festival to raise awareness of affordable housing. 'This whole area used to give back to families of low income and people of color,' said Murphy. 'When they started displacing people and taking out the businesses, we started losing the colors of Juneteenth.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755106 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rapper and educator Brandon 'Griot B' Brown moved to the Bay Area from Los Angeles to further his message of emancipation of the people of color. 'At Berkeley Juneteenth, the elders can show their roots and transmit it to us, the transplants and the people that were displaced,' he said. 'This is how we say, "We are still here."'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rapper and educator Brandon 'Griot B' Brown moved to the Bay Area from Los Angeles to further his message of emancipation of the people of color. 'At Berkeley Juneteenth, the elders can show their roots and transmit it to us, the transplants and the people that were displaced,' he said. 'This is how we say, \"We are still here.\"' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755117 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Gloria Haney raised her kids in Berkeley before moving to El Sobrante. 'I've been coming to Juneteenth from the very beginning,' she said. 'My father was alive then, and he would fly up from L.A., and this is where he would sit. He's gone on to meet the Lord, and we're taking over and continuing on.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gloria Haney raised her kids in Berkeley before moving to El Sobrante. 'I've been coming to Juneteenth from the very beginning,' she said. 'My father was alive then, and he would fly up from L.A., and this is where he would sit. He's gone on to meet the Lord, and we're taking over and continuing on.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755112\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755112 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Approximately 3,000 people, including Bay Area elders and families, celebrated Juneteenth in South Berkeley on June 16, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Approximately 3,000 people, including Bay Area elders and families, celebrated Juneteenth in South Berkeley on June 16, 2019. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755108 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The event included live musical and dance performances by local artists, open sports and bouncy houses, as well as food vendors and commercial stands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The event included live musical and dance performances by local artists, open sports and bouncy houses, as well as food vendors and commercial stands. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The celebrations go on, now with better weather! ☀️ \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Juneteenth?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Juneteenth\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/618ZOolPIV\">pic.twitter.com/618ZOolPIV\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— KQED News (@KQEDnews) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQEDnews/status/1140370981208199168?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 16, 2019\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\">https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The event celebrates the day — June 19, 1865 — that the last former slaves learned they were free, two and a half years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1592493151,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":756},"headData":{"title":"PHOTOS: Berkeley Juneteenth Festival Celebrates Black Pride and Community in the Face of Displacement | KQED","description":"The event celebrates the day — June 19, 1865 — that the last former slaves learned they were free, two and a half years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11755103 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11755103","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/06/16/photos-berkeley-juneteenth-festival-celebrates-black-pride-and-community-in-the-face-of-displacement/","disqusTitle":"PHOTOS: Berkeley Juneteenth Festival Celebrates Black Pride and Community in the Face of Displacement","path":"/news/11755103/photos-berkeley-juneteenth-festival-celebrates-black-pride-and-community-in-the-face-of-displacement","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Diversity and black pride were the focus of the 33rd annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyjuneteenth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Berkeley Juneteenth Festival\u003c/a>, a celebration that took over three blocks in the Adeline-Alcatraz corridor of South Berkeley on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the sound of drums and raps, thousands celebrated the day — June 19, 1865 — that the last former slaves learned they were free, two and a half years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley's festival, held annually since 1986 (save once in 2008) is the longest running Juneteenth celebration in Northern California and has come to commemorate not only black history and traditions, but also the preservation of community in light of increasing displacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Berkeley70.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-fifth\u003c/a> of Berkeley's population in the 1980 census, African Americans \u003ca href=\"https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now represent only 8.6% of the city\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I was a kid, South Berkeley was almost all black, and as a whole, the city was a lot more integrated and diverse,\" said Dakh Jones, a 40-year-old local entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now raising a 6-year-old in North Berkeley, Jones said he did not fully realize the extent of the changes until he sent his son to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If feels strange to feel like that in my own hometown, so I come to Juneteenth to celebrate my heritage, and to show my son what it used to be like,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Councilmember Ben Bartlett remembers how Berkeley was once known for its blackness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were able to dig in and create our own economy and create prosperity on our own terms,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bartlett's family was one of the first black families to settle in South Berkeley. However, the Lorin District only became the center of black life in the city after the internment of the Japanese who \u003ca href=\"https://anchoreditions.com/blog/dorothea-lange-censored-photographs?fbclid=IwAR3bHJJpr0evhk45CDxBmHDOXvoW3X3BeEORxurtl2u-2w1zAn5hLUfqskw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">used to own property there\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Juneteenth is really an evolving concept,\" Bartlett said, \"because while we're trapped in poverty and while we're not allowed to achieve the American dream and access the resources, we're not really free.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See more pictures and read more testimonies from the event below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11824733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS37728_IMG_5506-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the SambaFunk! collective dance and drum during the 2019 Berkeley Juneteenth Festival. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755113 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Bodden aka Papa Smurf has been a regular at Berkeley Juneteenth for 20 years. He remembers his youth traveling up and down Adeline Street. 'The black population in the Bay Area is getting smaller, but we're like roaches — we know how to survive.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37726_IMG_5519-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Bodden aka Papa Smurf has been a regular at Berkeley Juneteenth for 20 years. He remembers his youth traveling up and down Adeline Street. 'The black population in the Bay Area is getting smaller, but we're like roaches — we know how to survive.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755110\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755110 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"'This is my Independence Day,' says Akilah Shaheed (L), Office Manager for Health Black Families Inc., pictured with her mother Jeanine. 'Every year we celebrate Juneteenth knowing every physical slave was released.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37730_IMG_5470-2-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'This is my Independence Day,' says Akilah Shaheed (L), Office Manager for Health Black Families Inc., pictured with her mother Jeanine. 'Every year we celebrate Juneteenth knowing every physical slave was released.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755111 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"'In my mind, [Juneteenth] is the actual independence day of America, the day that all of us became free,' said city councilman Ben Bartlett. He became a city councilmember several years ago when his own mother was facing displacement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37732_IMG_5460-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'In my mind, [Juneteenth] is the actual independence day of America, the day that all of us became free,' said city councilman Ben Bartlett. He became a city councilmember several years ago when his own mother was facing displacement. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755118 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Former rent board commissioner Christina Murphy (L) and Margy Wilkinson (R), both Berkeley residents, used the Juneteenth festival to raise awareness of affordable housing. 'This whole area used to give back to families of low income and people of color,' said Murphy. 'When they started displacing people and taking out the businesses, we started losing the colors of Juneteenth.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37731_IMG_5464-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former rent board commissioner Christina Murphy (L) and Margy Wilkinson (R), both Berkeley residents, used the Juneteenth festival to raise awareness of affordable housing. 'This whole area used to give back to families of low income and people of color,' said Murphy. 'When they started displacing people and taking out the businesses, we started losing the colors of Juneteenth.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755106 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rapper and educator Brandon 'Griot B' Brown moved to the Bay Area from Los Angeles to further his message of emancipation of the people of color. 'At Berkeley Juneteenth, the elders can show their roots and transmit it to us, the transplants and the people that were displaced,' he said. 'This is how we say, "We are still here."'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37723_IMG_5529-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rapper and educator Brandon 'Griot B' Brown moved to the Bay Area from Los Angeles to further his message of emancipation of the people of color. 'At Berkeley Juneteenth, the elders can show their roots and transmit it to us, the transplants and the people that were displaced,' he said. 'This is how we say, \"We are still here.\"' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755117 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Gloria Haney raised her kids in Berkeley before moving to El Sobrante. 'I've been coming to Juneteenth from the very beginning,' she said. 'My father was alive then, and he would fly up from L.A., and this is where he would sit. He's gone on to meet the Lord, and we're taking over and continuing on.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37733_IMG_5456-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gloria Haney raised her kids in Berkeley before moving to El Sobrante. 'I've been coming to Juneteenth from the very beginning,' she said. 'My father was alive then, and he would fly up from L.A., and this is where he would sit. He's gone on to meet the Lord, and we're taking over and continuing on.' \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755112\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755112 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Approximately 3,000 people, including Bay Area elders and families, celebrated Juneteenth in South Berkeley on June 16, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37729_IMG_5490-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Approximately 3,000 people, including Bay Area elders and families, celebrated Juneteenth in South Berkeley on June 16, 2019. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11755108 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The event included live musical and dance performances by local artists, open sports and bouncy houses, as well as food vendors and commercial stands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS37722_IMG_5530-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The event included live musical and dance performances by local artists, open sports and bouncy houses, as well as food vendors and commercial stands. \u003ccite>(Liliana Michelena/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The celebrations go on, now with better weather! ☀️ \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Juneteenth?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Juneteenth\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/618ZOolPIV\">pic.twitter.com/618ZOolPIV\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— KQED News (@KQEDnews) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQEDnews/status/1140370981208199168?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 16, 2019\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\">https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11755103/photos-berkeley-juneteenth-festival-celebrates-black-pride-and-community-in-the-face-of-displacement","authors":["3214"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_6385","news_129","news_4750","news_20519","news_19542","news_4613","news_23528","news_18"],"featImg":"news_11755107","label":"news"},"news_11727455":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11727455","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11727455","score":null,"sort":[1550882756000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism","title":"Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism","publishDate":1550882756,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A special thanks to photographer Ernest Lowe, whose photos taken in the 1960s of African-American farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley provided inspiration for this story. \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/black-migrants/\">Those photos are now on display at UC Merced\u003c/a>. Find more photos of the Marshalls, Beaverses and other families at \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">ErnestLowe.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]D[/dropcap]rops of rain collect in pools around potted plants outside the Marshall home in South Dos Palos, as a storm rolls into the small farming community about 100 miles southeast of San Jose. A wind chime hanging on the front porch provides background music to a family gathering inside in the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe, Lee, Zella, David and Marilyn Marshall are five of 13 siblings who grew up on this plot of land. Today, they're all in their 60s and 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The difference between here and the South is just that — it's hidden.'\u003ccite>Joe Marshall\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the Marshall siblings’ father moved to the Central Valley from Mississippi in 1944 to work for the railroad, his goal was twofold: make enough money to provide for his wife and children, and put distance between his family and the racist laws of the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the brothers say they found California had its own racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people in the South, they let you know right off the top, you not welcome, you not wanted,” Lee Marshall said. “And, 'Hey, don’t get out of place. You say mister to me.' And they demand that you say 'yes sir' and all this kind of stuff to 'em. It was just straight out, they didn’t hide it. That was better for me 'cause I know where you stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These down here, there’s a hidden thing that they use on you,\" Lee Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee's brother, Joe Marshall, said it was a more subtle form of racism the brothers faced growing up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we could go anywhere and eat, it wasn’t a place where you had to go to the back door,” said Joe. “It was nothing like being in the South.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The difference between here and the South is just that — it’s hidden,” Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that racism shaped how the Marshalls lived and worked. It also shaped the destiny of their town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-160x145.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1020x924.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1200x1087.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s and 1950s, the Marshall brothers say South Dos Palos was thriving. The community was a hub of agricultural business and black-owned cafes, stores and service stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything in South Dos Palos, except for a few places like behind us, was owned by black people,” Joe Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and Central American workers make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654965/ice-is-auditing-this-central-valley-grower-again-and-he-blames-california-lawmakers\">bulk of farm labor\u003c/a> in California today, but throughout the 1940s, ‘50s and ‘60s, African-Americans and poor white families — many of them migrants who moved to the state during and after the Dust Bowl storms of the 1930s— also worked in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg\" alt=\"Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1020x688.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To earn money, the Marshall brothers pruned and harvested crops like almonds, lettuce, grapes and cotton, one of California’s top producing crops at the time. They went to work and came back to a home that didn’t have running water or indoor plumbing. They used to be embarrassed to have to tell their girlfriends to use an outdoor toilet when they would come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget, as long as I live, when the city put in the sewer line,” Joe recalls. “And they say 'but, it’s up to each house to dig to hook up to it.' Man, we were digging out there with a smile on! We were thinkin', man we gonna get indoor bathroom! That was the happiest day of my life!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Tale of Two Farm Towns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Just a few miles from South Dos Palos is another community called Dos Palos. During the Marshall siblings’ childhood, Dos Palos was a mostly white community. Many of the homes there had the infrastructure that houses in South Dos Palos lacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go down that way further down,” Lee said, “they had all of this and we didn't have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joe and Lee grew older and wanted a job outside of working in the fields, Dos Palos is where they went to look for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You out there waitin’ for a job interview, and behind closed doors they just cuttin’ you down, you’re not wanted,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would take that more so than ever, this hidden prejudice which still goes on today in these little towns like this. It’s a hidden thing that can just tear you down. Because you get your confidence up, thinkin’ that you’re on your way. And you got somebody behind closed doors trying to block your way or stop you from doing certain things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"South Dos Palos today.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1200x771.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Dos Palos today. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.meissinger.com/index.html\">Michael Eissinger\u003c/a>, an anthropology professor at Fresno State University who studies historically rural African-American settlements in the San Joaquin Valley, said there were many communities in California like South Dos Palos and Dos Palos — a black community and an all-white community just a few miles apart — existing side by side, separate but interdependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism is not 'I don't like you because of your color.' That's bigotry, prejudice,” Eissinger said. \"Racism is when it is done by the system, by society as a whole, and society is done on the \u003cem>landscape\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/post/diversity-fresno-how-racial-covenants-once-ruled-prestigious-neighborhoods\">racially restrictive covenants\u003c/a>, clauses in deeds to properties that specified who could and could not live there, blocked African-American families, and individuals and families of other races, from buying or renting certain homes, including in California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\">Redlining\u003c/a> created barriers to black families obtaining loans to buy houses in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5633328\">sundown towns\u003c/a>, places that people of color could visit during the day, but had to leave by the time it got dark. You can still \u003ca href=\"https://sundown.tougaloo.edu/sundowntownsshow.php?state=CA\">see the legacy\u003c/a> of this in the Central Valley today, in towns like Clovis, the nearly all-white, affluent suburb of Fresno, and then again in Stockton and Lodi. These are kindred cities walled off by a brief but mandatory drive through farmed landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours south on Highway 99 is another unincorporated town called Teviston. Once occupied by black families living and working on the outskirts of the mostly white community of Pixley, today Latino families populate most of the houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1946, Bertha Mae Beavers moved to Teviston from Oklahoma at the age of 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they was, you could just come out here and pick money off trees the way they told it. But shoot, I should have stayed in Oklahoma,” the 89-year-old Beavers recalled. “I did the same thing: chopped cotton, picked cotton. I did it all. And it was rough out here, just like in Oklahoma. You had to work hard for your money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728250\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945.\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1020x937.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1200x1102.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen.jpg 1680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she arrived, a white woman was beat up on the railroad tracks near Teviston and Pixley. A rumor circulated that a black man from Teviston had beat the woman. For a while, no black people were allowed in Pixley, Beavers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would go to work, and get off early,” she said. “And come home and the mens would get they guns and set up all night. I was afraid. And it finally, they finally found out who beat the white lady up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the white woman’s husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He beat her up and they tried to say the black man down here in Teviston beat 'em,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beavers was afraid, but she stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually married her husband in Teviston, and they had 12 children. The family lived on the outskirts of Pixley and worked in the fields to get by. Like South Dos Palos, homes in Teviston didn’t have running water, gas or indoor plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg\" alt=\"Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"815\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1020x1039.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1179x1200.jpg 1179w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just in the house we lived in, we didn’t have a two bedroom, so with all of us 12 kids we slept in one bedroom. And we could lay in the bed at night ... and see the stars. [Through the] cracks,” recalled Bertha Mae's daughter, Ruth Ann Jones, age 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ‘60s transformed California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1963, a state law — the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0b69q1bw/\">Rumford Act, or California Fair Housing Act\u003c/a> — was passed to end discrimination by property owners who refused to sell or rent to African-Americans. In 1964, the same year the Civil Rights Act was passed, the state ballot initiative Proposition 14 nullified the Rumford Act. The California Supreme Court later ruled Proposition 14 was unconstitutional, and the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt5h4nb0wd;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e5393&toc.id=d0e831&brand=oac4\">upheld\u003c/a> that decision. The federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 would eventually outlaw housing discrimination nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, labor organizer Cesar Chavez and a growing movement of farmworkers fighting for better pay and working conditions was \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/research/history/ufw-history/\">gaining momentum in the Central Valley\u003c/a>. While some black workers were involved, the movement was largely Chicano and Filipino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where it really started at was in the grapes,” said Ruth Jones’ husband, CL Jones. “They wanted to change things. And they did, you know, make things a lot better for some.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Latino farmworkers began staying in the San Joaquin Valley in greater numbers, instead of going back and forth to Mexico, it began changing the black-white dynamic of Teviston and Pixley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728260\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove.\" width=\"800\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-160x157.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1020x1003.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1200x1180.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Beavers family noticed something in the Latino families moving into the area. Something that was completely unfamiliar: a certain boldness and lack of fear that black families coming from the South felt they couldn’t afford to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Teviston’s residents pushed to get a community well and gas in their homes, some African-American families distanced themselves from upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg\" alt=\"Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston.\" width=\"800\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1020x709.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They were scared the white people could come take their property or take their house so they didn’t really want no gas,” another Beavers daughter, Annie Jo Ellis, age 65, said. “[Because] this is what you grew up with: fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the 1970s and ‘80s, Bertha Mae’s children were able to get out of farm labor, and find new jobs. A few worked at nearby schools as lunch ladies and at the post office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as black people, I don’t think fought as hard as we should have... for what we wanted,” Ruth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know when you come from Oklahoma, you didn’t really have nothin’,” Annie said. “So now you got a little something and they was raised that the white man takes everything. So they just get out here and they still scared of the white man. Let’s tell the truth about it, they were scared ... of white people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728265\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728265\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1200x798.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you go to Teviston now, you can see homes scattered throughout the town, but it's not much of a town. There are no businesses, just a boarded-up gas station and two churches. The Beavers still have mixed feelings about how their community has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you what we used to say when we was growin’ up,\" said CL Jones. \"The white people are watchin’ the wrong people. They was keepin us down, and the Hispanics was steady gettin’ ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In South Dos Palos, as the Marshall siblings grew older and started their own families, they encouraged their children to go to school or work other jobs, anything to stay out of the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no jobs that the young blacks wanted to do,” Joe Marshall said. “And then I saw this town kinda dryin’ up. To where, when you come over, you could stop on any corner and holler at somebody and talk for a few minutes. I can come over here now, I might not see nobody! It’s a ghost town. The Mexicans were still working in the fields. And all of a sudden, you started lookin’ up, Mexicans bought this land, build a nice house. Better than some of the houses that’s been here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was OK with Joe, because his kids were getting out and getting ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just an opportunity for [Latinos],” he said. “Our misfortune and their fortune, to be able to come in and buy something and build. To this day, there’s still no jobs here. So you can’t expect this town to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, South Dos Palos is still a gathering place for the Marshall family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They return here for small gatherings and large family reunions. Every April, hundreds of extended relatives fill the street to celebrate their mother’s birthday. She passed away several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe looks at his Latino neighbors and can relate to what they’re going through. He knows no one would work in the fields if they didn't have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t see any blacks out there (in the fields) now, you don’t see any whites out there now. It’s all Latinos now. And you want to cry about 'they’re doing our jobs'? No. They didn’t take a job from me. I gave it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid our dues far as laborin’ hard in the fields,” Lee Marshall said. “And believe me, I don’t wanna do it. Whoever wanna do it, I just pray for 'em.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Marshall and Beavers families moved to California in the 1940s for better jobs, and to escape the Jim Crow policies of the South. Instead, they found California had its own racism and segregation.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1575488884,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":60,"wordCount":2482},"headData":{"title":"Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism | KQED","description":"The Marshall and Beavers families moved to California in the 1940s for better jobs, and to escape the Jim Crow policies of the South. Instead, they found California had its own racism and segregation.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11727455 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11727455","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/22/black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism/","disqusTitle":"Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2019/02/HallBlackFarmworkers.mp3","audioTrackLength":1025,"path":"/news/11727455/black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism","audioDuration":1033000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A special thanks to photographer Ernest Lowe, whose photos taken in the 1960s of African-American farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley provided inspiration for this story. \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/black-migrants/\">Those photos are now on display at UC Merced\u003c/a>. Find more photos of the Marshalls, Beaverses and other families at \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">ErnestLowe.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">D\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>rops of rain collect in pools around potted plants outside the Marshall home in South Dos Palos, as a storm rolls into the small farming community about 100 miles southeast of San Jose. A wind chime hanging on the front porch provides background music to a family gathering inside in the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe, Lee, Zella, David and Marilyn Marshall are five of 13 siblings who grew up on this plot of land. Today, they're all in their 60s and 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The difference between here and the South is just that — it's hidden.'\u003ccite>Joe Marshall\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the Marshall siblings’ father moved to the Central Valley from Mississippi in 1944 to work for the railroad, his goal was twofold: make enough money to provide for his wife and children, and put distance between his family and the racist laws of the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the brothers say they found California had its own racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people in the South, they let you know right off the top, you not welcome, you not wanted,” Lee Marshall said. “And, 'Hey, don’t get out of place. You say mister to me.' And they demand that you say 'yes sir' and all this kind of stuff to 'em. It was just straight out, they didn’t hide it. That was better for me 'cause I know where you stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These down here, there’s a hidden thing that they use on you,\" Lee Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee's brother, Joe Marshall, said it was a more subtle form of racism the brothers faced growing up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we could go anywhere and eat, it wasn’t a place where you had to go to the back door,” said Joe. “It was nothing like being in the South.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The difference between here and the South is just that — it’s hidden,” Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that racism shaped how the Marshalls lived and worked. It also shaped the destiny of their town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-160x145.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1020x924.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1200x1087.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s and 1950s, the Marshall brothers say South Dos Palos was thriving. The community was a hub of agricultural business and black-owned cafes, stores and service stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything in South Dos Palos, except for a few places like behind us, was owned by black people,” Joe Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and Central American workers make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654965/ice-is-auditing-this-central-valley-grower-again-and-he-blames-california-lawmakers\">bulk of farm labor\u003c/a> in California today, but throughout the 1940s, ‘50s and ‘60s, African-Americans and poor white families — many of them migrants who moved to the state during and after the Dust Bowl storms of the 1930s— also worked in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg\" alt=\"Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1020x688.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To earn money, the Marshall brothers pruned and harvested crops like almonds, lettuce, grapes and cotton, one of California’s top producing crops at the time. They went to work and came back to a home that didn’t have running water or indoor plumbing. They used to be embarrassed to have to tell their girlfriends to use an outdoor toilet when they would come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget, as long as I live, when the city put in the sewer line,” Joe recalls. “And they say 'but, it’s up to each house to dig to hook up to it.' Man, we were digging out there with a smile on! We were thinkin', man we gonna get indoor bathroom! That was the happiest day of my life!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Tale of Two Farm Towns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Just a few miles from South Dos Palos is another community called Dos Palos. During the Marshall siblings’ childhood, Dos Palos was a mostly white community. Many of the homes there had the infrastructure that houses in South Dos Palos lacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go down that way further down,” Lee said, “they had all of this and we didn't have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joe and Lee grew older and wanted a job outside of working in the fields, Dos Palos is where they went to look for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You out there waitin’ for a job interview, and behind closed doors they just cuttin’ you down, you’re not wanted,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would take that more so than ever, this hidden prejudice which still goes on today in these little towns like this. It’s a hidden thing that can just tear you down. Because you get your confidence up, thinkin’ that you’re on your way. And you got somebody behind closed doors trying to block your way or stop you from doing certain things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"South Dos Palos today.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1200x771.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Dos Palos today. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.meissinger.com/index.html\">Michael Eissinger\u003c/a>, an anthropology professor at Fresno State University who studies historically rural African-American settlements in the San Joaquin Valley, said there were many communities in California like South Dos Palos and Dos Palos — a black community and an all-white community just a few miles apart — existing side by side, separate but interdependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism is not 'I don't like you because of your color.' That's bigotry, prejudice,” Eissinger said. \"Racism is when it is done by the system, by society as a whole, and society is done on the \u003cem>landscape\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/post/diversity-fresno-how-racial-covenants-once-ruled-prestigious-neighborhoods\">racially restrictive covenants\u003c/a>, clauses in deeds to properties that specified who could and could not live there, blocked African-American families, and individuals and families of other races, from buying or renting certain homes, including in California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\">Redlining\u003c/a> created barriers to black families obtaining loans to buy houses in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5633328\">sundown towns\u003c/a>, places that people of color could visit during the day, but had to leave by the time it got dark. You can still \u003ca href=\"https://sundown.tougaloo.edu/sundowntownsshow.php?state=CA\">see the legacy\u003c/a> of this in the Central Valley today, in towns like Clovis, the nearly all-white, affluent suburb of Fresno, and then again in Stockton and Lodi. These are kindred cities walled off by a brief but mandatory drive through farmed landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours south on Highway 99 is another unincorporated town called Teviston. Once occupied by black families living and working on the outskirts of the mostly white community of Pixley, today Latino families populate most of the houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1946, Bertha Mae Beavers moved to Teviston from Oklahoma at the age of 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they was, you could just come out here and pick money off trees the way they told it. But shoot, I should have stayed in Oklahoma,” the 89-year-old Beavers recalled. “I did the same thing: chopped cotton, picked cotton. I did it all. And it was rough out here, just like in Oklahoma. You had to work hard for your money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728250\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945.\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1020x937.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1200x1102.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen.jpg 1680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she arrived, a white woman was beat up on the railroad tracks near Teviston and Pixley. A rumor circulated that a black man from Teviston had beat the woman. For a while, no black people were allowed in Pixley, Beavers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would go to work, and get off early,” she said. “And come home and the mens would get they guns and set up all night. I was afraid. And it finally, they finally found out who beat the white lady up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the white woman’s husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He beat her up and they tried to say the black man down here in Teviston beat 'em,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beavers was afraid, but she stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually married her husband in Teviston, and they had 12 children. The family lived on the outskirts of Pixley and worked in the fields to get by. Like South Dos Palos, homes in Teviston didn’t have running water, gas or indoor plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg\" alt=\"Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"815\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1020x1039.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1179x1200.jpg 1179w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just in the house we lived in, we didn’t have a two bedroom, so with all of us 12 kids we slept in one bedroom. And we could lay in the bed at night ... and see the stars. [Through the] cracks,” recalled Bertha Mae's daughter, Ruth Ann Jones, age 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ‘60s transformed California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1963, a state law — the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0b69q1bw/\">Rumford Act, or California Fair Housing Act\u003c/a> — was passed to end discrimination by property owners who refused to sell or rent to African-Americans. In 1964, the same year the Civil Rights Act was passed, the state ballot initiative Proposition 14 nullified the Rumford Act. The California Supreme Court later ruled Proposition 14 was unconstitutional, and the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt5h4nb0wd;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e5393&toc.id=d0e831&brand=oac4\">upheld\u003c/a> that decision. The federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 would eventually outlaw housing discrimination nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, labor organizer Cesar Chavez and a growing movement of farmworkers fighting for better pay and working conditions was \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/research/history/ufw-history/\">gaining momentum in the Central Valley\u003c/a>. While some black workers were involved, the movement was largely Chicano and Filipino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where it really started at was in the grapes,” said Ruth Jones’ husband, CL Jones. “They wanted to change things. And they did, you know, make things a lot better for some.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Latino farmworkers began staying in the San Joaquin Valley in greater numbers, instead of going back and forth to Mexico, it began changing the black-white dynamic of Teviston and Pixley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728260\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove.\" width=\"800\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-160x157.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1020x1003.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1200x1180.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Beavers family noticed something in the Latino families moving into the area. Something that was completely unfamiliar: a certain boldness and lack of fear that black families coming from the South felt they couldn’t afford to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Teviston’s residents pushed to get a community well and gas in their homes, some African-American families distanced themselves from upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg\" alt=\"Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston.\" width=\"800\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1020x709.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They were scared the white people could come take their property or take their house so they didn’t really want no gas,” another Beavers daughter, Annie Jo Ellis, age 65, said. “[Because] this is what you grew up with: fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the 1970s and ‘80s, Bertha Mae’s children were able to get out of farm labor, and find new jobs. A few worked at nearby schools as lunch ladies and at the post office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as black people, I don’t think fought as hard as we should have... for what we wanted,” Ruth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know when you come from Oklahoma, you didn’t really have nothin’,” Annie said. “So now you got a little something and they was raised that the white man takes everything. So they just get out here and they still scared of the white man. Let’s tell the truth about it, they were scared ... of white people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728265\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728265\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1200x798.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you go to Teviston now, you can see homes scattered throughout the town, but it's not much of a town. There are no businesses, just a boarded-up gas station and two churches. The Beavers still have mixed feelings about how their community has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you what we used to say when we was growin’ up,\" said CL Jones. \"The white people are watchin’ the wrong people. They was keepin us down, and the Hispanics was steady gettin’ ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In South Dos Palos, as the Marshall siblings grew older and started their own families, they encouraged their children to go to school or work other jobs, anything to stay out of the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no jobs that the young blacks wanted to do,” Joe Marshall said. “And then I saw this town kinda dryin’ up. To where, when you come over, you could stop on any corner and holler at somebody and talk for a few minutes. I can come over here now, I might not see nobody! It’s a ghost town. The Mexicans were still working in the fields. And all of a sudden, you started lookin’ up, Mexicans bought this land, build a nice house. Better than some of the houses that’s been here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was OK with Joe, because his kids were getting out and getting ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just an opportunity for [Latinos],” he said. “Our misfortune and their fortune, to be able to come in and buy something and build. To this day, there’s still no jobs here. So you can’t expect this town to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, South Dos Palos is still a gathering place for the Marshall family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They return here for small gatherings and large family reunions. Every April, hundreds of extended relatives fill the street to celebrate their mother’s birthday. She passed away several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe looks at his Latino neighbors and can relate to what they’re going through. He knows no one would work in the fields if they didn't have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t see any blacks out there (in the fields) now, you don’t see any whites out there now. It’s all Latinos now. And you want to cry about 'they’re doing our jobs'? No. They didn’t take a job from me. I gave it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid our dues far as laborin’ hard in the fields,” Lee Marshall said. “And believe me, I don’t wanna do it. Whoever wanna do it, I just pray for 'em.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11727455/black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism","authors":["11490"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_223","news_1758","news_24114","news_6266","news_8"],"tags":["news_6385","news_20397","news_311","news_18269","news_19904","news_19216","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_11727487","label":"news_72"},"news_11700592":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11700592","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11700592","score":null,"sort":[1540413453000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"black-parents-say-its-up-to-them-to-fix-unequal-oakland-schools","title":"Black Parents Say It's Up to Them to Fix Unequal Oakland Schools","publishDate":1540413453,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The posters up on display in a downtown club in Oakland last Saturday were startling and thought provoking. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer than one in eight black students in Oakland Unified School District meet state math standards. Fewer than \u003ca href=\"http://caaspp.edsource.org/sbac/oakland-unified-01612590000000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one in five\u003c/a> meet reading standards. Black students are far more likely to be chronically absent or get suspended than white students in OUSD schools. Nearly \u003ca href=\"http://everyonehome.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2017HIRDReport-Oakland.2-2-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">70 percent\u003c/a> of Oakland's homeless population is black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these data points were meant as a rallying cry, not a sign of defeat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who milled about reading them had come to an event billed as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.stateofblackeducation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State of Black Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when tens of thousands of black residents have left the city and the gulf between black income and white is \u003ca href=\"http://urbanhabitat.org/sites/default/files/UH%20Policy%20Brief2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing\u003c/a>, the conference organizers wanted to refocus attention on longstanding educational inequities and the need for renewed community action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those years when we made up the majority of the school board, or elected successive Black mayors, they are becoming increasingly unlikely,” State of Black Education organizer and education advocate Dirk Tillotson \u003ca href=\"http://greatschoolvoices.org/2018/04/need-talk-state-black-education-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote\u003c/a> ahead of the event. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As our political clout declines, so too does the focus on the problems of Black children and families and the will to push for solutions, or even see them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700916\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-800x472.jpg\" alt=\"Posters on display at the State of Black Education event at Geoffrey's Inner Circle in downtown Oakland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"472\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700916\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-375x221.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-520x307.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Posters on display at the State of Black Education event at Geoffrey's Inner Circle in downtown Oakland. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tillotson and fellow organizers Charles Cole, who \u003ca href=\"http://www.energyconvertors.org/who-we-are/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">runs a youth organization\u003c/a>, and Oakland Unified School Board Director \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/458\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jumoke Hinton-Hodge\u003c/a> worked with community members to compile research and collect input on how Oakland schools serve black students. They used that work to inform a set of policy recommendations released on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100 people spent Saturday afternoon at \u003ca href=\"http://geoffreyslive.com/category/about-gic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoffrey’s Inner Circle\u003c/a> learning about their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Welcome to the SoBEO!” Cole told the crowd as the event got underway. “We are so excited to have you here. State of Black Education Oakland is an opportunity for us to take a real look at every crevice and crack of Oakland education and the things surrounding it that involve and affect black people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students, parents and teachers shared their insights into Oakland schools. Students raised concerns about being unfairly tracked into less rigorous classes, about having substitutes for months on end and having few teachers of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"The State of Black Education collaborative collected input from students to inform recommendations.\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700939\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-240x173.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-375x270.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-520x375.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The State of Black Education collaborative collected input from students to inform recommendations. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They also talked about how bias, both implicit and explicit, shaped their learning environment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've had several teachers who would show up ... not knowing the background of the students and make racist remarks,” said Haifa Algabri, who graduated from McClymonds High School and now attends Mills College. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our substitute teachers said 'Slavery was 100 years ago. Get over it. Stop using it as an excuse to not do work.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakisha Young, who worked on the event and heads up a parent advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/theoaklandreach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Oakland REACH\u003c/a>, raised concerns shared by many parents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are the mamas, the grandmammas, the aunties and uncles of the kids at the lowest performing schools,” she said of her organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, who has three kids in Oakland schools, joined a panel of fellow REACH members in discussing their frustration with abysmal test scores, chronically absent teachers and administrators who don’t stick around. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They talked about the lengths to which they go to escape their poor-performing neighborhood schools, driving across town daily to deliver their kids to charters that promise — but don’t always deliver — better outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-800x603.jpg\" alt=\"A display at the State of Black Education event traced the impact of redlining and racial segregation through to contemporary outcomes for black students.\" width=\"800\" height=\"603\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700914\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-800x603.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1020x769.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1200x904.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1180x889.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-960x724.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-240x181.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-375x283.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-520x392.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display at the State of Black Education event traced the impact of redlining and racial segregation through to contemporary outcomes for black students. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Around the room, maps depicting the legacy of redlining policies grounded the talk of today’s inequities in the intentional discrimination of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problems with quality and black children have been happening since before many folks in this room even set foot in Oakland or were even born,” Young said, echoing a sentiment repeated throughout the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young and her group helped develop a policy recommendation they’re calling the Opportunity Ticket. And it's pegged to Oakland Unified's latest attempt to consolidate schools in order to economize and reduce its deficit. The so-called Opportunity Ticket would allow parents whose local schools get shut down to send their kids to any school in the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified may close schools to help manage its budget crisis — and advocates worry black kids will be disproportionately impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black staff and Black families will bear a disproportionate burden, in the district righting itself, while the hills schools will feel nary a thing, unless we organize,” Tillotson wrote in his blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Keta Brown supports the Opportunity Ticket policy and other ideas put forward at the event, like setting public goals for hiring and holding onto black teachers, using the school district’s unused property to help Oakland’s foster youth and homeless, and giving students a chance to participate in teacher hiring and evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-800x557.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland REACH member Keta Brown at the State of Black Education event.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700977\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-375x261.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-520x362.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland REACH member Keta Brown at the State of Black Education event. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the black and brown community is underserved and our voices are a lot of times never heard,” Brown said. “We want to make certain that we are a part of having a seat at the table and not just sitting and hearing about it on the outside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the county and district listened to the recommendations, answered questions from the community and offered comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Board of Education Trustee \u003ca href=\"https://www.acoe.org/Page/196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amber Childress\u003c/a> pointed to \u003ca href=\"http://cepa.stanford.edu/educational-opportunity-monitoring-project/achievement-gaps/race/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research\u003c/a> that shows black-white achievement gaps persist regardless of socioeconomic status. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The opportunity gap is about students of color,” she said. “This is a system that's doing what it was designed to do, so we have to really tear down this system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified Superintendent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/domain/4813\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kyla Johnson-Trammell\u003c/a> went to Oakland schools herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've been in a state of emergency crisis since before I went into school,” she told the crowd, arguing it would take continued community involvement to turn the tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the system's response for a school that hasn't been serving the community for generations? I wish I had an answer. But to me that’s why these conversations are important,” Johnson-Trammell said. “Because I'm very clear it's not going to be me by myself that's going to have the solutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the State of Black Education collaborative plan to formally present their Opportunity Ticket recommendation to the Oakland school board before the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Organizers of the State of Black Education conference refocused attention on longstanding educational inequities and the need for renewed community action.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1549915077,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1151},"headData":{"title":"Black Parents Say It's Up to Them to Fix Unequal Oakland Schools | KQED","description":"Organizers of the State of Black Education conference refocused attention on longstanding educational inequities and the need for renewed community action.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11700592 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11700592","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/10/24/black-parents-say-its-up-to-them-to-fix-unequal-oakland-schools/","disqusTitle":"Black Parents Say It's Up to Them to Fix Unequal Oakland Schools","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/10/RancanoBlackEducation.mp3","audioTrackLength":110,"path":"/news/11700592/black-parents-say-its-up-to-them-to-fix-unequal-oakland-schools","audioDuration":117000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The posters up on display in a downtown club in Oakland last Saturday were startling and thought provoking. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer than one in eight black students in Oakland Unified School District meet state math standards. Fewer than \u003ca href=\"http://caaspp.edsource.org/sbac/oakland-unified-01612590000000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one in five\u003c/a> meet reading standards. Black students are far more likely to be chronically absent or get suspended than white students in OUSD schools. Nearly \u003ca href=\"http://everyonehome.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2017HIRDReport-Oakland.2-2-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">70 percent\u003c/a> of Oakland's homeless population is black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these data points were meant as a rallying cry, not a sign of defeat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who milled about reading them had come to an event billed as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.stateofblackeducation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State of Black Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when tens of thousands of black residents have left the city and the gulf between black income and white is \u003ca href=\"http://urbanhabitat.org/sites/default/files/UH%20Policy%20Brief2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing\u003c/a>, the conference organizers wanted to refocus attention on longstanding educational inequities and the need for renewed community action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those years when we made up the majority of the school board, or elected successive Black mayors, they are becoming increasingly unlikely,” State of Black Education organizer and education advocate Dirk Tillotson \u003ca href=\"http://greatschoolvoices.org/2018/04/need-talk-state-black-education-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote\u003c/a> ahead of the event. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As our political clout declines, so too does the focus on the problems of Black children and families and the will to push for solutions, or even see them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700916\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-800x472.jpg\" alt=\"Posters on display at the State of Black Education event at Geoffrey's Inner Circle in downtown Oakland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"472\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700916\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-375x221.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/OutcomesForBlackStudents-520x307.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Posters on display at the State of Black Education event at Geoffrey's Inner Circle in downtown Oakland. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tillotson and fellow organizers Charles Cole, who \u003ca href=\"http://www.energyconvertors.org/who-we-are/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">runs a youth organization\u003c/a>, and Oakland Unified School Board Director \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/458\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jumoke Hinton-Hodge\u003c/a> worked with community members to compile research and collect input on how Oakland schools serve black students. They used that work to inform a set of policy recommendations released on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100 people spent Saturday afternoon at \u003ca href=\"http://geoffreyslive.com/category/about-gic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoffrey’s Inner Circle\u003c/a> learning about their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Welcome to the SoBEO!” Cole told the crowd as the event got underway. “We are so excited to have you here. State of Black Education Oakland is an opportunity for us to take a real look at every crevice and crack of Oakland education and the things surrounding it that involve and affect black people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students, parents and teachers shared their insights into Oakland schools. Students raised concerns about being unfairly tracked into less rigorous classes, about having substitutes for months on end and having few teachers of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"The State of Black Education collaborative collected input from students to inform recommendations.\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700939\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-240x173.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-375x270.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RealTalkPoster-520x375.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The State of Black Education collaborative collected input from students to inform recommendations. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They also talked about how bias, both implicit and explicit, shaped their learning environment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've had several teachers who would show up ... not knowing the background of the students and make racist remarks,” said Haifa Algabri, who graduated from McClymonds High School and now attends Mills College. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our substitute teachers said 'Slavery was 100 years ago. Get over it. Stop using it as an excuse to not do work.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakisha Young, who worked on the event and heads up a parent advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/theoaklandreach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Oakland REACH\u003c/a>, raised concerns shared by many parents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are the mamas, the grandmammas, the aunties and uncles of the kids at the lowest performing schools,” she said of her organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, who has three kids in Oakland schools, joined a panel of fellow REACH members in discussing their frustration with abysmal test scores, chronically absent teachers and administrators who don’t stick around. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They talked about the lengths to which they go to escape their poor-performing neighborhood schools, driving across town daily to deliver their kids to charters that promise — but don’t always deliver — better outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-800x603.jpg\" alt=\"A display at the State of Black Education event traced the impact of redlining and racial segregation through to contemporary outcomes for black students.\" width=\"800\" height=\"603\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700914\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-800x603.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1020x769.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1200x904.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-1180x889.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-960x724.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-240x181.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-375x283.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/LegacyOfRedliningPoster-520x392.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display at the State of Black Education event traced the impact of redlining and racial segregation through to contemporary outcomes for black students. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Around the room, maps depicting the legacy of redlining policies grounded the talk of today’s inequities in the intentional discrimination of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problems with quality and black children have been happening since before many folks in this room even set foot in Oakland or were even born,” Young said, echoing a sentiment repeated throughout the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young and her group helped develop a policy recommendation they’re calling the Opportunity Ticket. And it's pegged to Oakland Unified's latest attempt to consolidate schools in order to economize and reduce its deficit. The so-called Opportunity Ticket would allow parents whose local schools get shut down to send their kids to any school in the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified may close schools to help manage its budget crisis — and advocates worry black kids will be disproportionately impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black staff and Black families will bear a disproportionate burden, in the district righting itself, while the hills schools will feel nary a thing, unless we organize,” Tillotson wrote in his blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Keta Brown supports the Opportunity Ticket policy and other ideas put forward at the event, like setting public goals for hiring and holding onto black teachers, using the school district’s unused property to help Oakland’s foster youth and homeless, and giving students a chance to participate in teacher hiring and evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11700977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-800x557.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland REACH member Keta Brown at the State of Black Education event.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11700977\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-375x261.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/KetaBrown-520x362.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland REACH member Keta Brown at the State of Black Education event. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the black and brown community is underserved and our voices are a lot of times never heard,” Brown said. “We want to make certain that we are a part of having a seat at the table and not just sitting and hearing about it on the outside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the county and district listened to the recommendations, answered questions from the community and offered comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Board of Education Trustee \u003ca href=\"https://www.acoe.org/Page/196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amber Childress\u003c/a> pointed to \u003ca href=\"http://cepa.stanford.edu/educational-opportunity-monitoring-project/achievement-gaps/race/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research\u003c/a> that shows black-white achievement gaps persist regardless of socioeconomic status. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The opportunity gap is about students of color,” she said. “This is a system that's doing what it was designed to do, so we have to really tear down this system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified Superintendent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/domain/4813\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kyla Johnson-Trammell\u003c/a> went to Oakland schools herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've been in a state of emergency crisis since before I went into school,” she told the crowd, arguing it would take continued community involvement to turn the tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the system's response for a school that hasn't been serving the community for generations? I wish I had an answer. But to me that’s why these conversations are important,” Johnson-Trammell said. “Because I'm very clear it's not going to be me by myself that's going to have the solutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the State of Black Education collaborative plan to formally present their Opportunity Ticket recommendation to the Oakland school board before the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11700592/black-parents-say-its-up-to-them-to-fix-unequal-oakland-schools","authors":["11276"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8"],"tags":["news_6385","news_24471","news_3202","news_1826","news_3366","news_24880"],"featImg":"news_11700910","label":"news"},"news_11638121":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11638121","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11638121","score":null,"sort":[1516806037000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-gift-from-my-grandmother-an-embrace-of-life-and-aging","title":"A Gift From My Grandmother: An Embrace of Life -- and Aging","publishDate":1516806037,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y family packed into the black stretch limousine leaving CSU East Bay. We were heading to a restaurant after attending my mother’s college graduation. We turned on the music and popped the cheap bottle of complimentary champagne. My grandmother took two sips, then pumped her hands in the air like she was “raising the roof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone is trying to get my grandma drunk!” I joked. “Give her the sparkling cider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her sassy Southern drawl, my grandmother responded, “Now look, I’m a grown woman.” She resumed enjoying the music, then diluted her champagne with cider. We all laughed. My grandmother, Angie Kesee, was near 80 and could still party in a limo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That moment from five years ago was one of my favorite memories of my grandmother. She died last summer from complications related to dementia. I just went through my first holiday season without her. I miss her deeply. However, I carry in my heart the many gifts she left me, including her positive outlook on aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AARP published two studies in the research journal, The Gerontologist, regarding race, culture and aging. One study in \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article-abstract/57/suppl_2/S138/3913399?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">Los Angeles\u003c/a> and another in \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/57/suppl_2/S178/3913377?searchresult=1\">Baltimore\u003c/a> evaluated participants' aging expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The African-American participants in both studies were mostly women over the age of 60. Both African-American groups ranked high in optimism about aging. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/8-3-12-US-of-Aging-Survey-Fact-Sheet-African-American-Findings-FINAL.pdf\">Other studies\u003c/a> have similar findings. According to the L.A. study, “African-American participants had the highest overall age-expectations followed in descending order by Latinos, Koreans and Chinese-Americans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What My Grandmother Taught Me About Aging\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reading these studies, I reflected on what I learned about aging from my grandmother. She was a Mississippi farm girl who moved to Oakland in the 1950s for better opportunities. A retired beautician and Avon representative, my grandmother went to the hair and nail salons regularly. She loved to laugh and could talk on the phone for hours. Sure she complained about occasional aches and stiffness. But for the most part, my grandmother was in good spirits about aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never got this feeling from her that growing old meant life was over. If anything, she celebrated herself more as she aged. Some of us nicknamed her “The Princess” behind her back. The AARP studies left me with one question. Why are African Americans more optimistic about aging?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we age, we’re dealing less and less with racism in the world,” says Dr. Cheryl Johnson, a psychologist who has counseled and studied African-American seniors in the Bay Area. “When we retire we’re able to be more in our community and with our families, and less in the dominant culture’s work world. It’s emotionally and mentally taxing to navigate the white work environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young black men and women deal with racist stereotypes that label us as deviant or violent. Dr. Johnson says that African-Americans are perceived as less physically intimidating in their senior years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On each end of our life span is when we’re not a threat,” she adds. \"We’re a cute little baby and when we’re old, we’re the sweet grandma that’s loving and caretaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another perk to aging for African Americans is our dark skin. As we say in the black community, “Black don’t crack.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We visibly age more slowly because \u003ca href=\"https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/mgmzva/a-dermatologist-explains-the-science-behind-the-black-dont-crack-stereotype\">melanin\u003c/a> acts like a sunscreen and protects us from UV rays. Dr. Johnson told me when her father passed away at 84, attendees at his funeral were shocked to learn his age. “They thought he was in his 70s,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not Always Golden Years\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The golden years aren’t always golden. And not all African-Americans enjoy aging. Black seniors still face social hardships, including ageism, racism, health problems, poverty and hunger. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncoa.org/news/resources-for-reporters/get-the-facts/senior-hunger-facts/\">National Council on Aging\u003c/a> reports that African-American seniors are more likely to be food insecure or lacking financial access to healthy, adequate food. About 17 percent of African-American seniors fall into this category. This correlates with a 2011 \u003ca href=\"https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/research/public_policy_institute/econ_sec/2013/income-and-poverty-of-older-americans-AARP-ppi-econ-sec.pdf\">AARP study\u003c/a> that found 17 percent of African-Americans 65 years and over live in poverty compared to 6.8 percent of whites in the same age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11638126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11638126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut-240x360.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Writer Brenda Usher-Carpino says African-American elders are elevated in the community. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Brenda Usher-Carpino)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Writer and artist Brenda Usher-Carpino, 71, says there are highs and lows to aging. Growing up, she wanted gray hair because she found it “striking.” She remembers how black people in her family looked at aging favorably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You become an elder and elevated in the community,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she hopes she inherited her family’s longevity genes. She has a maternal aunt who is 105 and a paternal aunt still going at 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usher-Carpino says she has accepted not having the muscular and athletic body from her youth. She is happy to be in good health. But in the queer journal \u003ca href=\"http://www.foglifterjournal.com/issue-three\">Foglifter\u003c/a>, she wrote that a downside to aging is difficulty in finding love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that makes me sad is that the older I get, the more I feel like I’m never going to be in a relationship with somebody else again,” she says. \"When you get old, you don’t stop needing to be loved. You don’t stop needing to have sex. That’s the lonely aspect to aging. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My grandmother decided not to seek another relationship after losing my grandfather. Dementia robbed her of remembering days of the week, but she never forgot she had it going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I can still get a boyfriend,” my grandmother occasionally reminded me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passing of my grandmother and other loved ones last year taught me that loss is a downside to aging. Yet, the elders in my family and community exemplify how resiliency is ageless. So I’ll go on, hopeful. As my grandmother would say, “Keep living baby. Keep living.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>This post was written with the support of a journalism fellowship from New America Media, the Gerontological Society of America and the Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A writer reflects on the African-American elders in her life and community and why so many of them are optimistic about aging. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1516828085,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1066},"headData":{"title":"A Gift From My Grandmother: An Embrace of Life -- and Aging | KQED","description":"A writer reflects on the African-American elders in her life and community and why so many of them are optimistic about aging. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11638121 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11638121","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/24/a-gift-from-my-grandmother-an-embrace-of-life-and-aging/","disqusTitle":"A Gift From My Grandmother: An Embrace of Life -- and Aging","path":"/news/11638121/a-gift-from-my-grandmother-an-embrace-of-life-and-aging","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y family packed into the black stretch limousine leaving CSU East Bay. We were heading to a restaurant after attending my mother’s college graduation. We turned on the music and popped the cheap bottle of complimentary champagne. My grandmother took two sips, then pumped her hands in the air like she was “raising the roof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone is trying to get my grandma drunk!” I joked. “Give her the sparkling cider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her sassy Southern drawl, my grandmother responded, “Now look, I’m a grown woman.” She resumed enjoying the music, then diluted her champagne with cider. We all laughed. My grandmother, Angie Kesee, was near 80 and could still party in a limo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That moment from five years ago was one of my favorite memories of my grandmother. She died last summer from complications related to dementia. I just went through my first holiday season without her. I miss her deeply. However, I carry in my heart the many gifts she left me, including her positive outlook on aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AARP published two studies in the research journal, The Gerontologist, regarding race, culture and aging. One study in \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article-abstract/57/suppl_2/S138/3913399?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">Los Angeles\u003c/a> and another in \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/57/suppl_2/S178/3913377?searchresult=1\">Baltimore\u003c/a> evaluated participants' aging expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The African-American participants in both studies were mostly women over the age of 60. Both African-American groups ranked high in optimism about aging. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/8-3-12-US-of-Aging-Survey-Fact-Sheet-African-American-Findings-FINAL.pdf\">Other studies\u003c/a> have similar findings. According to the L.A. study, “African-American participants had the highest overall age-expectations followed in descending order by Latinos, Koreans and Chinese-Americans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What My Grandmother Taught Me About Aging\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reading these studies, I reflected on what I learned about aging from my grandmother. She was a Mississippi farm girl who moved to Oakland in the 1950s for better opportunities. A retired beautician and Avon representative, my grandmother went to the hair and nail salons regularly. She loved to laugh and could talk on the phone for hours. Sure she complained about occasional aches and stiffness. But for the most part, my grandmother was in good spirits about aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never got this feeling from her that growing old meant life was over. If anything, she celebrated herself more as she aged. Some of us nicknamed her “The Princess” behind her back. The AARP studies left me with one question. Why are African Americans more optimistic about aging?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we age, we’re dealing less and less with racism in the world,” says Dr. Cheryl Johnson, a psychologist who has counseled and studied African-American seniors in the Bay Area. “When we retire we’re able to be more in our community and with our families, and less in the dominant culture’s work world. It’s emotionally and mentally taxing to navigate the white work environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young black men and women deal with racist stereotypes that label us as deviant or violent. Dr. Johnson says that African-Americans are perceived as less physically intimidating in their senior years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On each end of our life span is when we’re not a threat,” she adds. \"We’re a cute little baby and when we’re old, we’re the sweet grandma that’s loving and caretaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another perk to aging for African Americans is our dark skin. As we say in the black community, “Black don’t crack.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We visibly age more slowly because \u003ca href=\"https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/mgmzva/a-dermatologist-explains-the-science-behind-the-black-dont-crack-stereotype\">melanin\u003c/a> acts like a sunscreen and protects us from UV rays. Dr. Johnson told me when her father passed away at 84, attendees at his funeral were shocked to learn his age. “They thought he was in his 70s,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not Always Golden Years\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The golden years aren’t always golden. And not all African-Americans enjoy aging. Black seniors still face social hardships, including ageism, racism, health problems, poverty and hunger. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncoa.org/news/resources-for-reporters/get-the-facts/senior-hunger-facts/\">National Council on Aging\u003c/a> reports that African-American seniors are more likely to be food insecure or lacking financial access to healthy, adequate food. About 17 percent of African-American seniors fall into this category. This correlates with a 2011 \u003ca href=\"https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/research/public_policy_institute/econ_sec/2013/income-and-poverty-of-older-americans-AARP-ppi-econ-sec.pdf\">AARP study\u003c/a> that found 17 percent of African-Americans 65 years and over live in poverty compared to 6.8 percent of whites in the same age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11638126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11638126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut.jpg 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28669_35420_1545254071050_5684642_n-qut-240x360.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Writer Brenda Usher-Carpino says African-American elders are elevated in the community. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Brenda Usher-Carpino)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Writer and artist Brenda Usher-Carpino, 71, says there are highs and lows to aging. Growing up, she wanted gray hair because she found it “striking.” She remembers how black people in her family looked at aging favorably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You become an elder and elevated in the community,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she hopes she inherited her family’s longevity genes. She has a maternal aunt who is 105 and a paternal aunt still going at 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usher-Carpino says she has accepted not having the muscular and athletic body from her youth. She is happy to be in good health. But in the queer journal \u003ca href=\"http://www.foglifterjournal.com/issue-three\">Foglifter\u003c/a>, she wrote that a downside to aging is difficulty in finding love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that makes me sad is that the older I get, the more I feel like I’m never going to be in a relationship with somebody else again,” she says. \"When you get old, you don’t stop needing to be loved. You don’t stop needing to have sex. That’s the lonely aspect to aging. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My grandmother decided not to seek another relationship after losing my grandfather. Dementia robbed her of remembering days of the week, but she never forgot she had it going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I can still get a boyfriend,” my grandmother occasionally reminded me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passing of my grandmother and other loved ones last year taught me that loss is a downside to aging. Yet, the elders in my family and community exemplify how resiliency is ageless. So I’ll go on, hopeful. As my grandmother would say, “Keep living baby. Keep living.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>This post was written with the support of a journalism fellowship from New America Media, the Gerontological Society of America and the Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11638121/a-gift-from-my-grandmother-an-embrace-of-life-and-aging","authors":["11225"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_22236","news_6385","news_2814"],"featImg":"news_11638124","label":"news_6944"},"news_11626285":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11626285","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11626285","score":null,"sort":[1509578825000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"suspensions-of-black-students-on-the-increase-in-san-francisco","title":"Suspensions of Black Students on the Increase in San Francisco","publishDate":1509578825,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The suspension rate of black students in the San Francisco Unified School District increased last year during the fall semester for the first time since the district began a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/programs-and-services/restorative-practices.html\">restorative practices program\u003c/a> and adopted a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/news/current-news/2014-news-archive/02/board-establishes-policy-to-further-improve-school-climate-and-reduce-school-suspensions.html\">policy\u003c/a> to curb school suspensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students constituted \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/assets/sfusd-staff/about-SFUSD/files/sfusd-facts-at-a-glance.pdf\">only 7 percent\u003c/a> of the student population last year, yet they accounted for nearly 44 percent of all suspensions in the fall semester, according to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/SFUSD-Suspension-Data-Analysis-Town-Hall.pdf\">data from SFUSD's intervention tracking system.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFUSD adopted the \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/americangraduate/2014/02/07/s-f-gate-s-f-schools-move-away-from-suspensions/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Safe and Supportive Schools Policy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> three years ago to put an emphasis on less punitive and more restorative disciplinary practices that provide encouragement for positive behavior. It was slated to be fully implemented by this school year, but SFUSD did not meet this goal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"wfCGirsXEv8KzMydlpTgZWkyf1egKZ1M\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFUSD officials had not commented on the report or the policy's implementation status by the time of publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although, especially here in San Francisco, the black student population is actually very low, black students are still highly disproportionately targeted in suspensions than anyone else,” said Neva Walker, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://colemanadvocates.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coleman Advocates for Children and Youth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a nonprofit that advocates for equitable public schools. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although suspensions went up for students overall in the first semester of 2016 versus 2015, SFUSD’s data reveal black students continue to be the most impacted. Black students experienced an increase of 13 percent for suspensions in that time span, even though their enrollment numbers dropped by 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626364\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 80 attendees, mostly youth, pack into the cafeteria at the June Jordan School for Equity for a town hall about youth leadership in San Francisco on Oct. 25, 2017. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 80 people, mostly students from a variety of youth organizations, gathered last week for a town hall to rally youth leadership and discuss the recent data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The host of the event, Coleman Advocates, encourages youth to organize efforts to achieve equitable public schools and disciplinary practices. The organization, along with 30 partners, launched the Solutions Not Suspensions movement that eventually spearheaded the district’s adoption of the policy in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For true change to happen, it has to be you leading us, and us supporting you along the way,” Walker told the students at the meeting. “It’s going to be interesting to see how you all stand and where we go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student vote reveals that one of the issues that concerns them the most is that “schools are too racially segregated” in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Disproportionate Punishment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>SFUSD saw an initial decline in the number of suspensions overall, and specifically for black students, since adopting the policy in 2014. Fall 2016 is the first fall semester since 2012 that the district has seen an increase in suspensions of black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevine Boggess, director of policy at Coleman Advocates, said the policy has been only partially implemented at some schools, so they are continuing to push for full implementation to truly shift the dynamic toward making the SFUSD a “community school district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our assessment is that the school community as a whole wasn’t united enough, and there wasn’t enough communication and understanding and dialogue, to really successfully transform the institution of the school district,” Boggess said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626374\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11626374 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Youth sign in at a town hall at the June Jordan School for Equity on Oct. 25, 2017, and receive information about Coleman Advocates in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leaders also presented data at the town hall meeting that revealed the number of disciplinary referrals for all students has increased every year since 2013-14, since the new policy has been gradually rolled out. Again, black students are disproportionately affected by this disciplinary practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall 2016 semester, 4,565 referrals were given to black students. That is more than the total number of black students that attended SFUSD that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common reason cited for referral was disruption, but Walker suggested this is cause for concern. “Disruption can mean dropping a pen. Disruption can mean you ask the question at the wrong time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students also made up more than half of on-campus arrests last fall -- 20 total -- while Latinos were the second-highest ethnicity category, totaling seven arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevine Boggess, director of policy at Coleman Advocates, sits in front of a mural at the organization’s building in San Francisco on Oct. 19, 2017. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Not Only Here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is not an issue unique to San Francisco public schools. The ACLU found in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu-mo.org/files/2515/0731/5330/ACLU_MO_STPP_Report_for_web.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">September 2017 study\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that black students in Missouri are punished in schools at far higher rates than white students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Boggess, youth leadership is key to addressing this, and it starts with making students feel like they matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that most students, and I would even say a lot of parents, don’t feel that their voice is heard,” Boggess said. “They feel forgotten and neglected a lot of times in schools because there’s such big communities it sometimes feels like people fall through the cracks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coleman Advocates has two programs, “Youth Making a Change” and “Parents Making a Change,” which were developed to organize low-income parents and students of color around advocacy causes. The group hopes to plan more events throughout the year like the town hall to build engagement between youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to go off of that notion that youth are the future, because youth are the present,” said Violet Vasquez, representative of \u003ca href=\"http://5elementssf.org\">5 Elements\u003c/a>, speaking at the town hall. “We have the loudest voice, we have the most energy, we have the brightest spirits.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Although only 7 percent of the student population last year, black students got nearly 44 percent of suspensions.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1509579838,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":974},"headData":{"title":"Suspensions of Black Students on the Increase in San Francisco | KQED","description":"Although only 7 percent of the student population last year, black students got nearly 44 percent of suspensions.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11626285 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11626285","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/01/suspensions-of-black-students-on-the-increase-in-san-francisco/","disqusTitle":"Suspensions of Black Students on the Increase in San Francisco","path":"/news/11626285/suspensions-of-black-students-on-the-increase-in-san-francisco","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The suspension rate of black students in the San Francisco Unified School District increased last year during the fall semester for the first time since the district began a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/programs-and-services/restorative-practices.html\">restorative practices program\u003c/a> and adopted a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/news/current-news/2014-news-archive/02/board-establishes-policy-to-further-improve-school-climate-and-reduce-school-suspensions.html\">policy\u003c/a> to curb school suspensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students constituted \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfusd.edu/en/assets/sfusd-staff/about-SFUSD/files/sfusd-facts-at-a-glance.pdf\">only 7 percent\u003c/a> of the student population last year, yet they accounted for nearly 44 percent of all suspensions in the fall semester, according to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/SFUSD-Suspension-Data-Analysis-Town-Hall.pdf\">data from SFUSD's intervention tracking system.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFUSD adopted the \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/americangraduate/2014/02/07/s-f-gate-s-f-schools-move-away-from-suspensions/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Safe and Supportive Schools Policy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> three years ago to put an emphasis on less punitive and more restorative disciplinary practices that provide encouragement for positive behavior. It was slated to be fully implemented by this school year, but SFUSD did not meet this goal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFUSD officials had not commented on the report or the policy's implementation status by the time of publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although, especially here in San Francisco, the black student population is actually very low, black students are still highly disproportionately targeted in suspensions than anyone else,” said Neva Walker, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://colemanadvocates.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coleman Advocates for Children and Youth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a nonprofit that advocates for equitable public schools. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although suspensions went up for students overall in the first semester of 2016 versus 2015, SFUSD’s data reveal black students continue to be the most impacted. Black students experienced an increase of 13 percent for suspensions in that time span, even though their enrollment numbers dropped by 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626364\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27754_IMG_9534-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 80 attendees, mostly youth, pack into the cafeteria at the June Jordan School for Equity for a town hall about youth leadership in San Francisco on Oct. 25, 2017. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 80 people, mostly students from a variety of youth organizations, gathered last week for a town hall to rally youth leadership and discuss the recent data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The host of the event, Coleman Advocates, encourages youth to organize efforts to achieve equitable public schools and disciplinary practices. The organization, along with 30 partners, launched the Solutions Not Suspensions movement that eventually spearheaded the district’s adoption of the policy in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For true change to happen, it has to be you leading us, and us supporting you along the way,” Walker told the students at the meeting. “It’s going to be interesting to see how you all stand and where we go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27755_IMG_9517-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student vote reveals that one of the issues that concerns them the most is that “schools are too racially segregated” in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Disproportionate Punishment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>SFUSD saw an initial decline in the number of suspensions overall, and specifically for black students, since adopting the policy in 2014. Fall 2016 is the first fall semester since 2012 that the district has seen an increase in suspensions of black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevine Boggess, director of policy at Coleman Advocates, said the policy has been only partially implemented at some schools, so they are continuing to push for full implementation to truly shift the dynamic toward making the SFUSD a “community school district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our assessment is that the school community as a whole wasn’t united enough, and there wasn’t enough communication and understanding and dialogue, to really successfully transform the institution of the school district,” Boggess said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626374\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11626374 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27753_IMG_9523-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Youth sign in at a town hall at the June Jordan School for Equity on Oct. 25, 2017, and receive information about Coleman Advocates in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leaders also presented data at the town hall meeting that revealed the number of disciplinary referrals for all students has increased every year since 2013-14, since the new policy has been gradually rolled out. Again, black students are disproportionately affected by this disciplinary practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall 2016 semester, 4,565 referrals were given to black students. That is more than the total number of black students that attended SFUSD that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common reason cited for referral was disruption, but Walker suggested this is cause for concern. “Disruption can mean dropping a pen. Disruption can mean you ask the question at the wrong time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students also made up more than half of on-campus arrests last fall -- 20 total -- while Latinos were the second-highest ethnicity category, totaling seven arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27756_IMG_9506-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevine Boggess, director of policy at Coleman Advocates, sits in front of a mural at the organization’s building in San Francisco on Oct. 19, 2017. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Not Only Here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is not an issue unique to San Francisco public schools. The ACLU found in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu-mo.org/files/2515/0731/5330/ACLU_MO_STPP_Report_for_web.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">September 2017 study\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that black students in Missouri are punished in schools at far higher rates than white students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Boggess, youth leadership is key to addressing this, and it starts with making students feel like they matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that most students, and I would even say a lot of parents, don’t feel that their voice is heard,” Boggess said. “They feel forgotten and neglected a lot of times in schools because there’s such big communities it sometimes feels like people fall through the cracks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coleman Advocates has two programs, “Youth Making a Change” and “Parents Making a Change,” which were developed to organize low-income parents and students of color around advocacy causes. The group hopes to plan more events throughout the year like the town hall to build engagement between youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to go off of that notion that youth are the future, because youth are the present,” said Violet Vasquez, representative of \u003ca href=\"http://5elementssf.org\">5 Elements\u003c/a>, speaking at the town hall. “We have the loudest voice, we have the most energy, we have the brightest spirits.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11626285/suspensions-of-black-students-on-the-increase-in-san-francisco","authors":["11367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8"],"tags":["news_6385","news_38","news_3457"],"featImg":"news_11626357","label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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