Alice Halbert dressed up as Harley Quinn and Wendy Hershey at SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. Halbert has been going for years, but 2017 was Hershey's first time. (Ryan Levi/KQED)
Christmas is still weeks away, and the weather in San Francisco is beautiful. But that didn't stop thousands of people from converging on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday dressed for the North Pole.
It's the annual SantaCon, where thousands show up dressed in their holiday best -- usually as Santa Claus or an elf. San Francisco's SantaCon combines a toy drive through the Marine Toys for Tots program and a pub crawl around the city. More than people 2,500 RSVP'd for the event on Facebook.
The sea of red outfits was a diverse mix of people of different ages, races, ethnicities and even religions.
"You're with a bunch of strangers, but you're also in a group," said Alice Halbert, who dressed as a Harley Quinn-inspired Santa.
SantaCons will be held in more than 150 cities across the world this year, according to its website, including 22 California cities.
Thousands of people converged on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday, Dec. 9, 2017 for SantaCon 2017. The daylong event is part toy drive and part pub crawl. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Three-year-old Ocean Connelly meets a fellow fan of the film, "Nightmare Before Christmas" at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco. Connelly's mom says he loves his Jack Skellington outfit and even wore it on Thanksgiving Day in 90 degree heat at Disneyland. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Neil Macapagal at SantaCon 2017 at Union Square in San Francisco. He says it took "a day or two" to build his ride-along Santa. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Philip Jang (center with beard), Jenny Jang (to his left) and their daughters Jasmine and Tiffany Jang (in the cart) celebrate SantaCon 2017 with friends at San Francisco's Union Square. Philip says the girls already had their Santa outfits, but he and Jenny had to buy new ones for the event. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Mattia Edwards and Jessica Gaines show off the toys they plan to donate at San Francisco's Union Square for SantaCon 2017. Edwards called the event, "Christmas for adults." (Ryan Levi/KQED)Andrew and Jennifer Fischer bring their mixed-religion marriage to SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. The Fischers say they've been going to the event on and off for years and love seeing the creativity of San Francisco on display. Andrew hands out dreidels and chocolate Hanukkah gelt while Jennifer hands out Christmas treats. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Dan Beckmann and Chris Lynch wear their special Christmas suits for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Sam and Francisco Presley just after changing into their high heels for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. They said they wanted to come out to see the creativity because they didn't have Christmas in their home country of Iran. (Ryan Levi/KQED)Eve Sotomayor and Scott Merrick dress as elves at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco's Union Square. Sotomayor and Merrick know each other from San Francisco and both recently moved to the city. Merrick said when they heard about SantaCon, they decided, "We'll do that instead of going on a hike." (Ryan Levi/KQED)Chico Cronin, Amanda Pizzimenti and Kat Langer wait outside a bar near Union Square during SantaCon 2017. (Ryan Levi/KQED)
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An estimated 7.9 earthquake rocked the San Andreas fault, causing the immediate collapse of many buildings in San Francisco’s downtown. That, in turn, began a fire that quickly spread throughout the city. It was a momentous day in the history of the Bay Area. Crucial records were lost in the blaze, and the event marked a dividing line in the historical record — pre- and post-quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year, San Franciscans gather early in the morning at the corner of Kearny and Market streets to commemorate the event. People dress up in period costumes, trying to embody the historic moment. City leaders use the anniversary as an opportunity to remind citizens about earthquake preparedness and to celebrate first responders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Allison Pennell grew up in Berkeley and learned all the lore around the 1906 earthquake, so she was surprised to see something \u003cem>new\u003c/em> while perusing a catalog from the Legion of Honor Museum. Staring back at her from the page was a photo of a group of African Americans dressed in turn-of-the-century clothing, watching from atop a hill as San Francisco burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 465px\">\u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb087004q7/?brand=oac4\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983185\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of early San Francisco. A small group of African Americans turn to the camera as huge smoke plumes rise behind them.\" width=\"465\" height=\"649\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped.jpg 465w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped-160x223.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of African American San Franciscans watch the fire advance from Clay Street in 1906. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb087004q7/?brand=oac4\">UC Berkeley Bancroft Library\u003c/a>/Photographer: Arnold Genthe )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just started to think about that photograph and what would have happened after the earthquake,” Allison said. “I know many people came over to the East Bay to set up an emergency situation over here. And so I thought, how did that work? Because you couldn’t probably, as a nonwhite person, go to the Claremont Hotel and say, ‘I’d like a suite,’ at that time. The discrimination was deep.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knew that Black people had been settling in San Francisco since before the Gold Rush but had never before given much thought to how the discrimination common at the time might have affected the community’s ability to recover, access aid and rebuild after the 1906 quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m interested to know what Black San Franciscans did to survive after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and how they reestablished themselves either in the East Bay or back in San Francisco,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Before the Quake\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A133093?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=e7446cdca8edd82a35cf&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=46&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=9\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983203\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Sepia toned photo of a nearly flattened San Francisco from 1906.\" width=\"600\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured-160x121.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View looking down California Street after the earthquake and fire of 1906. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 1906, many Black San Franciscans had already begun moving to the East Bay in search of more space, fewer restrictions and less expensive housing. Those who stayed in San Francisco lived in neighborhoods all over the city. Like other groups that immigrated to California during the Gold Rush, early Black settlers here were mostly single men who tended to live in hotels downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while societal norms were a bit looser in the fledgling city, there was still plenty of racism, especially when it came to employment. The best, most skilled jobs were reserved for white people, while Black residents struggled to find the most menial work. Accounts from the time describe jobs like errand runners, elevator operators, valets and hotel workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217449?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=8b7fbf8474525807d377&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=1&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=1#birds_eye_container\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of two grand buildings collapsing.\" width=\"600\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906-160x129.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grand Hotel (left) and Palace Hotel on fire as carriages go by. Some of the better jobs Black San Franciscans could find at the turn of the 20th century were in hotels like these, where they could earn tips. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/The San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the Trans-Pacific Railroad was built and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910890/how-oaklands-16th-street-train-station-helped-build-west-oakland-and-the-modern-civil-rights-movement\">Southern Pacific Railroad opened a terminus in Oakland,\u003c/a> more jobs for Black people became available working on the trains and in the station. That was another reason many families chose to relocate to Oakland. A community had started to thrive in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Life Immediately After\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The 1906 earthquake and fire were catastrophic for all San Franciscans. And, as often happens in a crisis, people pulled together in the aftermath to help one another and to rebuild the city. It’s estimated that 80% of San Francisco was destroyed in the fire, and 200,000 people — rich and poor alike — were made homeless overnight. People of all backgrounds waited in long lines for basic supplies and sustenance, which added to the equalizing effect immediately after the earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A133547?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=6e0cba7e67868ea50c84&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=43&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=0\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983192\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of weary people waiting in line with empty containers.\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines-160x119.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After the 1906 earthquake, San Franciscans of all types had to wait in lines for basic necessities. \u003ccite>(San Francisco HIstory Center/The San Francisco Public LIbrary)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Artist-in-residence at the San Francisco Public Library, tanea lunsford lynx, discovered \u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A48483\">a trove of oral histories from African Americans at the turn of the 20th century\u003c/a> and a few photos depicting Black San Franciscans during the earthquake and fire. tanea is a fourth-generation San Franciscan, so their roots go deep here, but they’d never seen or heard anything like this before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So even though my family has a deep history here, and even though we knew we were here, there hadn’t been photo proof that I’d seen,” they said. “And there certainly hadn’t been stories in our own voices about the experience of being here in 1906 and prior to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>tanea was inspired to create an exhibit that looks at how the oral history of one man, Aurelious Alberga, speaks to San Francisco’s present moment. Her poetry and interpretation are up on \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">a website she created called “We Were Here.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts of first-person accounts from Black San Franciscans who lived through the 1906 earthquake and fire. Their oral histories are archived at the San Francisco Public Library’s History Center in a collection entitled “\u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/qqXrCJ6PLruKXKK8FVA8XA?domain=oac.cdlib.org\">Afro-Americans in San Francisco prior to World War II Oral history project records\u003c/a>.” The histories were recorded in 1978 by Dr. Albert Broussard, author of \u003cem>Black San Francisco: The Struggle for Racial Equality in the West, 1900–1954\u003c/em>. The work was co-sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfaahcs.org/\">San Francisco African-American Historical and Cultural Society\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1170px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white portrait of a young black man.\" width=\"1170\" height=\"1186\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious.jpg 1170w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-800x811.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-160x162.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Aurelious Alberga (1884–1988)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aurelious Alberga was born in San Francisco in 1884. He was a young man when the earthquake hit, renting a room in a hotel at the corner of Commercial and Kearny streets. His father rented a separate room on the floor above him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The Quake loosened one side of the building and it collapsed. Outside the building were big windows, which years ago had iron shutters that pulled in and closed over a little balcony. When the bricks fell down, they forced the shutters closed. The doors in those days used to open out, and the door to my room was jammed shut — I couldn’t open it, you see. So I made enough noise and yelled out for my father. And he came down the best way he could and pulled away the rocks from the hallways to make the door wide enough so I could come out.” — Aurelious Alberga\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217420?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=d274b845e2f43463a2a6&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=2&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=10\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983195\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of nearly flattened buildings, with people walking by on the street.\" width=\"600\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down-160x110.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk down the street, stopping to look at buildings that have been nearly flattened in the 1906 earthquake. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“In the meantime, the city had started on fire. The water mains had broken, and they had no water, and no hoses long enough to draw water from the Bay. There’s nothing that could stop it. It just went ahead.” — Aurelious Alberga\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983197\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A209339?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=168622d42efe2632415f&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=4&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=19\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983197\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906.jpg\" alt=\"Dramatic black and white photo of a fierce fire burning behind the remains of a building.\" width=\"600\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buildings burning on Market Street after the 1906 earthquake. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon was a little girl when the earthquake hit. Her family lived in a two-story flat on Jones Street at Broadway. She remembers that the week the quake hit was Easter vacation from school, so she and her mother and siblings had taken the ferry across the Bay to stay with her grandparents in Oakland for the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“My father came over on the last boat before the earthquake hit, to my grandmother’s… I was so sure it was my fault because I didn’t kneel that night before I said prayers. I got into bed and then said my prayers because it was so cold. But I didn’t tell anyone that it was my fault the earthquake came.” —Elizabeth Fisher Gordon\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When the aftershocks subsided, Elizabeth’s father wanted to go back to San Francisco to check on their house, but authorities were not letting people on the ferries back to the city. He had to get special permission to return to the devastated city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“And when he went over, he found out there was a whole lot of damage. But he was able to get a suitcase and put some things in it, never dreaming the fire would reach there, you know. And some of the things he brought were so insignificant my mother thought. I’ll never forget her repeating, “he brought \u003ci>that\u003c/i> book.” — Elizabeth Fisher Gordon\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth’s family stayed with her grandparents for several months after the earthquake until her father bought a plot of land in the Mission and built them a new house. She remembers many people in the Black community relying on friends and family for help during this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217433?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=8b7fbf8474525807d377&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=1&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=17\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983198\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of of a woman cooking on a cast iron stove in the street.\" width=\"600\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People cooked in the streets or in their backyards after the quake because chimneys had fallen down, and it wasn’t safe to cook inside. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alfred Butler was a teenager living in Oakland when the quake struck. His father worked on the railroad and had more access to goods than most people in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“He brought a lot of food out from Chicago to feed these people, White people all around the neighborhood. And the people all knew the Butlers. We had to eat in the backyard; we built a stove out of bricks to cook the meals on, because they wouldn’t allow you to cook in the house. The Earthquake had knocked all the chimneys down, so we had to eat in the backyard, fry and cook as best we could. People were thankful for that food too.” — Alfred Butler\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A132890?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=f31fecf33ee6f0edcd0d&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=5&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=14\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of white tent set up in Golden Gate Park to house refugees from the 1906 earthquake.\" width=\"600\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP-160x92.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Refugee camps like this one in Golden Gate Park were set up in parks throughout San Francisco to house the nearly 200,000 people who had become homeless overnight. The military managed the camps. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Butler visited San Francisco right after the earthquake and described it as mostly rubble. All the tall buildings had fallen down. But he said people were already cleaning up, and within a year, they’d started to rebuild. Many Black San Franciscans moved to the Western Addition after the earthquake, including his brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A134029?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=d11fd6bd47c32fd8a6e1&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=8&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=17\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983201\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of two men shoveling debris in front of burned out buildings.\" width=\"600\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding-160x130.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It is said that the bricks weren’t even cool before San Franciscans started rebuilding their city. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/The San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“My brother, right after the earthquake, he rented a place on Post near Fillmore. He got a place. He was just lucky. After the Earthquake, everybody moved on Fillmore Street. Businesses moved down Fillmore Street. All the business on Fillmore Street started booming. That’s where all the life was.” — Albert Butler\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>By 1915, just nine years after the devastating quake, San Francisco had largely been rebuilt. City leaders hosted the Panama-Pacific International Exposition to show the world it had recovered. While many people left San Francisco immediately after the quake, not too long after the 1915 World’s Fair, World War I began. A wave of new migrants came to the Bay Area then and again during World War II. The Black community in the Bay Area continued to grow in the East Bay, especially as ferry service to San Francisco improved so people could easily commute to the city for work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aB0eK5KO8k8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Every year on April 18th… at 5:13 in the morning…. San Franciscans gather at the corner of Market and Kearny Streets to remember.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Once again, you crazy folks have come together at this ungodly hour to remember and honor the memories of those hearty San Franciscans who survived being tossed from their beds 117 years ago this morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>People come dressed up in period costumes…trying to inhabit the moment in 1906 when an earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 brought devastation to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Wednesday, April 18th, 1906 5:12 a.m. A great foreshock is felt throughout the San Francisco Bay area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>San Franciscans startled awake …only to see their city burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Fires rage and spread throughout the city. They are not stopped until 74 hours later. Many of San Francisco’s finest buildings collapse under the firestorms. Firefighters begin dynamiting buildings to create firebreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>But the fire kept leaping over the lines, traveling further west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>The Great Fire reaches Van Ness Avenue, which is 125ft wide, facing the decision to blow his city to pieces or watch it burn, Mayor Schmitz finally agrees to let the army create a massive firebreak in the hopes that it can stop the raging inferno. Friday, April 20th, 1906 5 a.m. The fire break at Venice finally holds and the westward progression of the inferno was halted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> It took more than three days to fully put the fire out. And then San Franciscans took stock. Nearly 80-percent of the city had burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>So if we can just have a moment of silence for those who died and those who helped with the city after the earthquake. (Silence) Let’s hear those sirens go. Here we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> The Great Earthquake and fire of 1906 were devastating to everyone living in San Francisco at the time, including its several thousand Black residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Allison Pennell started wondering about how this community fared after the earthquake when she saw an old photo in a museum booklet. It showed a group of Black San Franciscans standing at the top of Clay Street, watching the fire burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allison Pennell: \u003c/b>And I just started to think about that photograph and what would have happened after the earthquake. I know many people came over to the East Bay, and they simply got into boats and got over here, to try to set up an emergency situation over here. And so I thought, how did that work? Because, you couldn’t just probably as a nonwhite person go to the Claremont Hotel and say, I’d like a suite. At that time, the discrimination was deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>She wanted to know more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allison Pennell: \u003c/b>I’m interested to know what Black San Franciscans did to survive after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and how they re-established themselves either in the East Bay or back in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious, on the anniversary of the Big One, we’ll hear some first person accounts from those who survived the 1906 earthquake and fire. And we’ll learn how their stories are still inspiring Black San Franciscans generations later. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SPONSOR\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Stories and photos of the devastation wrought by the 1906 earthquake and fire are all around us in San Francisco. But it’s less common to see or hear explicit references to how the Black community fared after the quake. Bay Curious editor and producer Katrina Schwartz set out to learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sound of elevators at the library\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> You can find all kinds of cool stuff at the public library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I was thinking like, where do where does the ephemera live? Where do the things live that we can’t touch? What are the less visited things of the library?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>tanea lunsford lynx was recently an artist in residence at the San Francisco Public Library,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>And then I found that there was an oral history project that had over 25, recorded oral histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>She was \u003ci>transfixed\u003c/i> by the voices of Black Americans describing life in San Francisco at the turn of the 20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: yea, we were here.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> Now, tanea and I are standing in front of a display case on the third floor of the main branch …busy library life bustling around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I wanted folks to kind of happen upon it outside of the elevator. So when folks kind of get out there, struck by the photos that many of us have never seen. Of the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>Yeah. Some people have seen some of the photos, like of the fire and stuff like that. What’s different about these ones?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>These photos are different because they’re featuring black American folks who were here in San Francisco at the time of the 1906 earthquake. So you not only see the plume of the fires, the smoke in the back of the photos, but you also see, black San Franciscans at the forefront of the photos who are, like, dressed very beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>My name is tanea lunsford lynx. I’m a writer and artist and educator. And fourth generation, like San Franciscan on both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>For Tanea, these photos were a revelation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>So even though my family has a deep history here, and even though we knew we were here, there hadn’t been like photo proof that I’d seen a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>As part of her residency at the library she began digging into the archives kept here and stumbled across an oral history recorded in 1978… of a man named Aurelius Alberga. A black man and a survivor of the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>And there certainly hadn’t been stories in our own voices about the experience of being here in 1906 and prior to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I felt a kinship pretty quickly. Because something about. Alberga’s tone reminded me of my grandfather’s voice and something about the quality of the audio is…Very appropriate for the time that it was recorded. And so you can, like hear the hum of the machine. You can hear like background noises, like I was I was automatically seated in someone’s house, like listening to them tell their stories. And it was that kinship, that closeness, that sense of intimacy that I was looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>October 22, 1884.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dr. Albert Broussard: \u003c/b>Where were you born?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>San Francisco\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dr. Albert Broussard: \u003c/b>What about you parents. Where were they born?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>My father was born in Kingston, Jamaica. May mother was born in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>He was very chill, for lack of a better word, about surviving that earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> Historian Dr. Albert Broussard recorded this oral history when Alberga was in his 90s. On the day of the Great Earthquake, Alberga was in his early 20s, sleeping in a room he rented at the corner of Commercial and Kearny Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>Aurelius Alberga is asleep in his apartment, which most likely was an SRO, single room occupancy. And he lived there, and his father lived in the apartment above him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> My father was living there too. He had a room right upstairs directly over me. The Quake loosened and one side of the building collapsed. The doors in those days used to open out, and the door to my room was jammed shut — I couldn’t open it, you see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> He, like, yells for his father to know where he is, and his father comes down and helps him get out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> After escaping his small room, Alberga and his father go their separate ways. Alberga is worried about the man he works for who is blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> Alberga’s job at that time is being a chauffeur for a man he calls old Metzger, who’s a man that he works for, who’s, like, wealthy, who’s a blind man. And, he develops this relationship with kind of like, caring for him in different ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> He lived on O’Farrell Street between Stockton and Powell. The whole front side of the hotel had fallen out into the streets and left exposed the rooms on that end. He was right there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> And so Alberga is like, oh my gosh, I hope he’s okay. And he gets up to Metzger’s apartment. And this man is sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> He slept through it all, which was a blessing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> After heroically saving Metzger’s life, he takes the old man to his mother’s house. Old Metzger is worried about savings he’s got stored in a safe downtown so he sends Alberga to retrieve the money. That errand takes Alberga all over the town and he watches as the city is destroyed. He recalls how the water mains were broken and firefighters struggled to contain the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> They had no water, and no hoses long enough to draw water from the Bay. There’s nothing that could stop it. It just went ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> It blew my mind that he could recall with precision the exact intersections of where things happened in San Francisco, particularly as a man of, like, more than 90 years old. Because I’m also aware of, like, yes, this was a trauma that he survived. And he was able to recall with such clarity where these things happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Alberga had lost everything in the earthquake and fire, his home, all his possessions. He bounced around the city, staying with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> One of the things he did say was that folks across like, race and ethnicity were really welcoming to each other as far as, like, inviting folks to literally stay in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> I don’t think there were any people as friendly as the ole San Franciscans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> No one as friendly as ‘ole San Franciscans. People were dragging their trunks down the road, nowhere to sleep…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> People were dragging their trunks along the street and someone would come along and help them. They’d take someone in their house they had never seen before in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Folks opened up their homes to people they’d never seen before in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>So that mutual aid and that care was something that Alberga named as something that was distinctly San Franciscan at the time, that it was a very friendly place at that time, particularly after this moment of crisis. And so that really stood out to me, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music transition\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon was just a little girl of nine-years-old when the earthquake struck. Her family lived in a flat in downtown San Francisco. But by 1906 many Black San Franciscans had relocated to the East Bay in search of more space and less expensive housing. Her grandmother lived in Oakland and Elizabeth had gone to stay with her for the Easter holidays, just before the quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>And my mother came over later in the week and brought the rest of the children. My father came over on the last boat before the earthquake hit, to my grandmother’s. I was so sure it was my fault because I didn’t kneel that night before I said prayers. I got into bed and then said my prayers because it was so cold. But I didn’t tell anyone that it was my fault the earthquake came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Elizabeth remembers all the chimneys in Oakland falling down during the earthquake. As morning dawned, chaos reigned and authorities would not let Elizabeth’s father return to San Francisco on the ferry. He had to get special permission to go check on their house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>And when he went over, he found out there was a whole lot of damage. But he was able to get a suitcase and put some things in it, never dreaming the fire would reach there, you know. And some of the things he brought were so insignificant my mother thought. I’ll never forget her repeating, “he brought that book.” (chuckles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Her father returned to Oakland where his family was — and their home on Jones street was consumed by the fire. Elizabeth says the family was lucky to be able to stay with her grandparents in Oakland until her father purchased a plot of land in the Mission to build them a new house. She says many Black San Franciscans tapped into networks of friends and family in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>The people from San Francisco came over here when their houses burned down and they took care of them over here. Red Cross, and they set up temporary housing and what have you for the people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Tent cities sprang up in parks around San Francisco…housing 200-thousand people who had become homeless overnight. People set up outdoor kitchens and cooked together. Tanea lunsford lynx documented Black San Franciscans among these scenes in her exhibit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>The first photo that we see is a photo of two young black people, children who are sitting in the grass and you see tents and you see a clothing line up behind them, and you see a little stove for cooking as well. And this is a campsite that was set up in Golden Gate Park, because folks had lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>A PBS documentary called The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake paints a desolate picture of life in the aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Narration: \u003c/b>Standing in bread lines, meat lines, soup lines, any kind of a line became the central activity of life. Everyone had to do it. Soldiers made sure nobody cheated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And anybody not standing in line, was put to work rebuilding the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Narration: \u003c/b>It was said that in many places, the debris was not even allowed to cool, and bricks were pitched from lots when still as warm as muffins. Volunteers on the cleanup crews took up the refrain in the damnedest, finest ruins I’d rather be a brick than live anywhere else but San Francisco. The great cleanup had begun. Thousands of standing walls were torn down. An estimated 6.5 billion bricks were carted away or cleaned of mortar to be reused in new buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>People who lived through these times remember it as a swift recovery. Alfred Butler was a Black teenager living in Oakland at the time of the earthquake. He took a mule and cart all the way down to San Jose and around the Bay in order to see what had happened to San Francisco for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recalls seeing a lot of rubble, and the biggest buildings knocked down. But over the following months the recovery progressed quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alfred Butler: \u003c/b>They built it up right away. In a year’s time, things were pretty well cleaned up. And then they started to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>At the turn of the 20th century, Black San Franciscans lived in neighborhoods scattered throughout San Francisco, but many single men were concentrated in hotels downtown…like Aurelius Alberga who we heard from earlier. Alfred Butler says after the earthquake, the Western Addition became the hub of Black life. That’s where his brother moved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alfred Butler: \u003c/b>After the earthquake, everybody moved on Fillmore Street. All the businesses on Fillmore Street started booming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>San Franciscans came together after the quake and people from all walks of life helped one another in that moment of crises. But the oral histories of these Black Americans who survived it show that as the city rebuilt, it went back to the de facto racism that ruled it. Butler says good jobs were still reserved for white people, while Black people struggled to find menial ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Albert Butler: \u003c/b>It was hard to get a job. Negroes, we had a tough time getting a job. A menial job like washing windows or running errands or something like that. Running an elevator or something like that. It was hard to get a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music transition\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>For Tanea, the photos of San Franciscans living in tents, cooking outdoors, waiting in line for basic necessities are eerily similar to scenes on the streets of the city today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>When looking at these photos, I began to see the past, speaking to the future and the future, speaking to the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And as a Black person, tanea sees echoes of \u003ci>her San Francisco\u003c/i> in the oral histories she combed through. A small Black community fighting to stay in a changing city. The devastation of displacement and loss. But also the love of this place and the tenacity to survive. It’s all too familiar. Her poem “We Were Here” is an ode to the Black community in San Francisco, which stretches from the Gold Rush to now. Here’s an excerpt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> We were here already, living fantastical lives, already saving the best for the present, already studying the contours of the city. The bay knew us. This ocean was salted with our knowing already. We knew the feeling of firm ground. Before the shaking. We knew stability. The ground knew the planting and rising of our feet like a dance. We were already sending for each other, extending a fishing hook south and pulling each other up with calloused hands. We were already spinning tales about this mass of fog. We were already making home here. \u003ci>(fades under)\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>That story was brought to us by Bay Curious editor and producer, Katrina Schwartz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> But of course, we were here, living in our signature ways. Of course, when the earth shifted, we went looking for who could be lost in the cracks. Of course it made for lore. Of course we were doing the fantastical feat like a dance. The earth cracked open and we kept time, an offering of our survival. We kept on living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music fades out\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> tanea’s exhibit is no longer on display at the library, but you can see all the photos she used and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">read her writing on the project’s website\u003c/a>. You can find a link in our show notes or on baycurious.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Special thanks to the San Francisco History Center, part of the San Francisco Public Library for letting us use the oral histories in their archive. And to the San Francisco African-American Historical and Cultural Society who co-sponsored the original oral history project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s still time to vote in our April voting round. Here are your choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 1:\u003c/b> I was recently at the Morcom Rose Garden in Oakland and saw three different official Oakland signs that read, “No glitter.” I would love to know what happened at the rose garden to warrant so many signs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 2:\u003c/b> Yesterday, I walked with a fellow science teacher on the Great Hwy. We commented on the blackish sand, made of iron filings. Where does the iron come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 3:\u003c/b> Who are the de Youngs? I think they have some crazy stories!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Vote for which question you think we should tackle next at baycurious.org. While you’re there, sign up for our monthly newsletter, ask your own question, or get lost listening through the Bay Curious archive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Our show is made by:\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Katrina Schwartz\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Beale: \u003c/b>Christopher Beale\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> Katherine Monahan\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>and me, Olivia Allen Price. Additional support from:\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Jen Chien: \u003c/b>Jen Chien\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katie Springer: \u003c/b>Katie Springer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cesar Saldana: \u003c/b>Cesar Saldana\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maha Sanad: \u003c/b>Maha Sanad\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Holly Kernan:\u003c/b> Holly Kernan\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Crowd:\u003c/b> And the whole KQED family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. We’ll be back next week.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On the anniversary of San Francisco’s 1906 Earthquake and Fire, African Americans who lived through the catastrophe share their experiences.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713397394,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":139,"wordCount":5543},"headData":{"title":"Stunning Archival Photos of the 1906 Earthquake and Fire | KQED","description":"On the anniversary of San Francisco’s 1906 Earthquake and Fire, African Americans who lived through the catastrophe share their experiences.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Stunning Archival Photos of the 1906 Earthquake and Fire","datePublished":"2024-04-18T10:00:46.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-17T23:43:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2571744994.mp3?updated=1713397061","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983182/stunning-archival-photos-of-the-1906-earthquake-and-fire","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 18, 1906, many San Franciscans awoke at 5:13 a.m. to feel the earth shaking. An estimated 7.9 earthquake rocked the San Andreas fault, causing the immediate collapse of many buildings in San Francisco’s downtown. That, in turn, began a fire that quickly spread throughout the city. It was a momentous day in the history of the Bay Area. Crucial records were lost in the blaze, and the event marked a dividing line in the historical record — pre- and post-quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year, San Franciscans gather early in the morning at the corner of Kearny and Market streets to commemorate the event. People dress up in period costumes, trying to embody the historic moment. City leaders use the anniversary as an opportunity to remind citizens about earthquake preparedness and to celebrate first responders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Allison Pennell grew up in Berkeley and learned all the lore around the 1906 earthquake, so she was surprised to see something \u003cem>new\u003c/em> while perusing a catalog from the Legion of Honor Museum. Staring back at her from the page was a photo of a group of African Americans dressed in turn-of-the-century clothing, watching from atop a hill as San Francisco burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 465px\">\u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb087004q7/?brand=oac4\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983185\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of early San Francisco. A small group of African Americans turn to the camera as huge smoke plumes rise behind them.\" width=\"465\" height=\"649\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped.jpg 465w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Black-San-Franciscans-Clay-St-cropped-160x223.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of African American San Franciscans watch the fire advance from Clay Street in 1906. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb087004q7/?brand=oac4\">UC Berkeley Bancroft Library\u003c/a>/Photographer: Arnold Genthe )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just started to think about that photograph and what would have happened after the earthquake,” Allison said. “I know many people came over to the East Bay to set up an emergency situation over here. And so I thought, how did that work? Because you couldn’t probably, as a nonwhite person, go to the Claremont Hotel and say, ‘I’d like a suite,’ at that time. The discrimination was deep.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knew that Black people had been settling in San Francisco since before the Gold Rush but had never before given much thought to how the discrimination common at the time might have affected the community’s ability to recover, access aid and rebuild after the 1906 quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m interested to know what Black San Franciscans did to survive after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and how they reestablished themselves either in the East Bay or back in San Francisco,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Before the Quake\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A133093?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=e7446cdca8edd82a35cf&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=46&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=9\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983203\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Sepia toned photo of a nearly flattened San Francisco from 1906.\" width=\"600\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Devestation-featured-160x121.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View looking down California Street after the earthquake and fire of 1906. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 1906, many Black San Franciscans had already begun moving to the East Bay in search of more space, fewer restrictions and less expensive housing. Those who stayed in San Francisco lived in neighborhoods all over the city. Like other groups that immigrated to California during the Gold Rush, early Black settlers here were mostly single men who tended to live in hotels downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while societal norms were a bit looser in the fledgling city, there was still plenty of racism, especially when it came to employment. The best, most skilled jobs were reserved for white people, while Black residents struggled to find the most menial work. Accounts from the time describe jobs like errand runners, elevator operators, valets and hotel workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217449?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=8b7fbf8474525807d377&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=1&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=1#birds_eye_container\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of two grand buildings collapsing.\" width=\"600\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/palace-hotel-1906-160x129.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grand Hotel (left) and Palace Hotel on fire as carriages go by. Some of the better jobs Black San Franciscans could find at the turn of the 20th century were in hotels like these, where they could earn tips. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/The San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the Trans-Pacific Railroad was built and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910890/how-oaklands-16th-street-train-station-helped-build-west-oakland-and-the-modern-civil-rights-movement\">Southern Pacific Railroad opened a terminus in Oakland,\u003c/a> more jobs for Black people became available working on the trains and in the station. That was another reason many families chose to relocate to Oakland. A community had started to thrive in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Life Immediately After\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The 1906 earthquake and fire were catastrophic for all San Franciscans. And, as often happens in a crisis, people pulled together in the aftermath to help one another and to rebuild the city. It’s estimated that 80% of San Francisco was destroyed in the fire, and 200,000 people — rich and poor alike — were made homeless overnight. People of all backgrounds waited in long lines for basic supplies and sustenance, which added to the equalizing effect immediately after the earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A133547?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=6e0cba7e67868ea50c84&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=43&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=0\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983192\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of weary people waiting in line with empty containers.\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/food-lines-160x119.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After the 1906 earthquake, San Franciscans of all types had to wait in lines for basic necessities. \u003ccite>(San Francisco HIstory Center/The San Francisco Public LIbrary)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Artist-in-residence at the San Francisco Public Library, tanea lunsford lynx, discovered \u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A48483\">a trove of oral histories from African Americans at the turn of the 20th century\u003c/a> and a few photos depicting Black San Franciscans during the earthquake and fire. tanea is a fourth-generation San Franciscan, so their roots go deep here, but they’d never seen or heard anything like this before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So even though my family has a deep history here, and even though we knew we were here, there hadn’t been photo proof that I’d seen,” they said. “And there certainly hadn’t been stories in our own voices about the experience of being here in 1906 and prior to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>tanea was inspired to create an exhibit that looks at how the oral history of one man, Aurelious Alberga, speaks to San Francisco’s present moment. Her poetry and interpretation are up on \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">a website she created called “We Were Here.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts of first-person accounts from Black San Franciscans who lived through the 1906 earthquake and fire. Their oral histories are archived at the San Francisco Public Library’s History Center in a collection entitled “\u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/qqXrCJ6PLruKXKK8FVA8XA?domain=oac.cdlib.org\">Afro-Americans in San Francisco prior to World War II Oral history project records\u003c/a>.” The histories were recorded in 1978 by Dr. Albert Broussard, author of \u003cem>Black San Francisco: The Struggle for Racial Equality in the West, 1900–1954\u003c/em>. The work was co-sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfaahcs.org/\">San Francisco African-American Historical and Cultural Society\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1170px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white portrait of a young black man.\" width=\"1170\" height=\"1186\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious.jpg 1170w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-800x811.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/youngaurelious-160x162.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Aurelious Alberga (1884–1988)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aurelious Alberga was born in San Francisco in 1884. He was a young man when the earthquake hit, renting a room in a hotel at the corner of Commercial and Kearny streets. His father rented a separate room on the floor above him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The Quake loosened one side of the building and it collapsed. Outside the building were big windows, which years ago had iron shutters that pulled in and closed over a little balcony. When the bricks fell down, they forced the shutters closed. The doors in those days used to open out, and the door to my room was jammed shut — I couldn’t open it, you see. So I made enough noise and yelled out for my father. And he came down the best way he could and pulled away the rocks from the hallways to make the door wide enough so I could come out.” — Aurelious Alberga\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217420?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=d274b845e2f43463a2a6&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=2&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=10\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983195\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of nearly flattened buildings, with people walking by on the street.\" width=\"600\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/buildings-fall-down-160x110.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk down the street, stopping to look at buildings that have been nearly flattened in the 1906 earthquake. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“In the meantime, the city had started on fire. The water mains had broken, and they had no water, and no hoses long enough to draw water from the Bay. There’s nothing that could stop it. It just went ahead.” — Aurelious Alberga\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983197\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A209339?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=168622d42efe2632415f&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=4&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=19\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983197\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906.jpg\" alt=\"Dramatic black and white photo of a fierce fire burning behind the remains of a building.\" width=\"600\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/dramatic-fire-1906-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buildings burning on Market Street after the 1906 earthquake. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon was a little girl when the earthquake hit. Her family lived in a two-story flat on Jones Street at Broadway. She remembers that the week the quake hit was Easter vacation from school, so she and her mother and siblings had taken the ferry across the Bay to stay with her grandparents in Oakland for the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“My father came over on the last boat before the earthquake hit, to my grandmother’s… I was so sure it was my fault because I didn’t kneel that night before I said prayers. I got into bed and then said my prayers because it was so cold. But I didn’t tell anyone that it was my fault the earthquake came.” —Elizabeth Fisher Gordon\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When the aftershocks subsided, Elizabeth’s father wanted to go back to San Francisco to check on their house, but authorities were not letting people on the ferries back to the city. He had to get special permission to return to the devastated city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“And when he went over, he found out there was a whole lot of damage. But he was able to get a suitcase and put some things in it, never dreaming the fire would reach there, you know. And some of the things he brought were so insignificant my mother thought. I’ll never forget her repeating, “he brought \u003ci>that\u003c/i> book.” — Elizabeth Fisher Gordon\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth’s family stayed with her grandparents for several months after the earthquake until her father bought a plot of land in the Mission and built them a new house. She remembers many people in the Black community relying on friends and family for help during this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A217433?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=8b7fbf8474525807d377&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=1&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=17\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983198\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of of a woman cooking on a cast iron stove in the street.\" width=\"600\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/cooking-street-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People cooked in the streets or in their backyards after the quake because chimneys had fallen down, and it wasn’t safe to cook inside. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alfred Butler was a teenager living in Oakland when the quake struck. His father worked on the railroad and had more access to goods than most people in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“He brought a lot of food out from Chicago to feed these people, White people all around the neighborhood. And the people all knew the Butlers. We had to eat in the backyard; we built a stove out of bricks to cook the meals on, because they wouldn’t allow you to cook in the house. The Earthquake had knocked all the chimneys down, so we had to eat in the backyard, fry and cook as best we could. People were thankful for that food too.” — Alfred Butler\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A132890?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=f31fecf33ee6f0edcd0d&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=5&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=14\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of white tent set up in Golden Gate Park to house refugees from the 1906 earthquake.\" width=\"600\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/refugee-camp-GGP-160x92.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Refugee camps like this one in Golden Gate Park were set up in parks throughout San Francisco to house the nearly 200,000 people who had become homeless overnight. The military managed the camps. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Butler visited San Francisco right after the earthquake and described it as mostly rubble. All the tall buildings had fallen down. But he said people were already cleaning up, and within a year, they’d started to rebuild. Many Black San Franciscans moved to the Western Addition after the earthquake, including his brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsf.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A134029?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=d11fd6bd47c32fd8a6e1&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=8&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=17\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983201\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of two men shoveling debris in front of burned out buildings.\" width=\"600\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/rebuilding-160x130.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It is said that the bricks weren’t even cool before San Franciscans started rebuilding their city. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/The San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“My brother, right after the earthquake, he rented a place on Post near Fillmore. He got a place. He was just lucky. After the Earthquake, everybody moved on Fillmore Street. Businesses moved down Fillmore Street. All the business on Fillmore Street started booming. That’s where all the life was.” — Albert Butler\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>By 1915, just nine years after the devastating quake, San Francisco had largely been rebuilt. City leaders hosted the Panama-Pacific International Exposition to show the world it had recovered. While many people left San Francisco immediately after the quake, not too long after the 1915 World’s Fair, World War I began. A wave of new migrants came to the Bay Area then and again during World War II. The Black community in the Bay Area continued to grow in the East Bay, especially as ferry service to San Francisco improved so people could easily commute to the city for work.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/aB0eK5KO8k8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/aB0eK5KO8k8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Every year on April 18th… at 5:13 in the morning…. San Franciscans gather at the corner of Market and Kearny Streets to remember.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Once again, you crazy folks have come together at this ungodly hour to remember and honor the memories of those hearty San Franciscans who survived being tossed from their beds 117 years ago this morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>People come dressed up in period costumes…trying to inhabit the moment in 1906 when an earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 brought devastation to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Wednesday, April 18th, 1906 5:12 a.m. A great foreshock is felt throughout the San Francisco Bay area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>San Franciscans startled awake …only to see their city burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>Fires rage and spread throughout the city. They are not stopped until 74 hours later. Many of San Francisco’s finest buildings collapse under the firestorms. Firefighters begin dynamiting buildings to create firebreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>But the fire kept leaping over the lines, traveling further west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>The Great Fire reaches Van Ness Avenue, which is 125ft wide, facing the decision to blow his city to pieces or watch it burn, Mayor Schmitz finally agrees to let the army create a massive firebreak in the hopes that it can stop the raging inferno. Friday, April 20th, 1906 5 a.m. The fire break at Venice finally holds and the westward progression of the inferno was halted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> It took more than three days to fully put the fire out. And then San Franciscans took stock. Nearly 80-percent of the city had burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bob Sarlatte: \u003c/b>So if we can just have a moment of silence for those who died and those who helped with the city after the earthquake. (Silence) Let’s hear those sirens go. Here we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> The Great Earthquake and fire of 1906 were devastating to everyone living in San Francisco at the time, including its several thousand Black residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Allison Pennell started wondering about how this community fared after the earthquake when she saw an old photo in a museum booklet. It showed a group of Black San Franciscans standing at the top of Clay Street, watching the fire burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allison Pennell: \u003c/b>And I just started to think about that photograph and what would have happened after the earthquake. I know many people came over to the East Bay, and they simply got into boats and got over here, to try to set up an emergency situation over here. And so I thought, how did that work? Because, you couldn’t just probably as a nonwhite person go to the Claremont Hotel and say, I’d like a suite. At that time, the discrimination was deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>She wanted to know more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allison Pennell: \u003c/b>I’m interested to know what Black San Franciscans did to survive after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and how they re-established themselves either in the East Bay or back in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious, on the anniversary of the Big One, we’ll hear some first person accounts from those who survived the 1906 earthquake and fire. And we’ll learn how their stories are still inspiring Black San Franciscans generations later. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SPONSOR\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Stories and photos of the devastation wrought by the 1906 earthquake and fire are all around us in San Francisco. But it’s less common to see or hear explicit references to how the Black community fared after the quake. Bay Curious editor and producer Katrina Schwartz set out to learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Sound of elevators at the library\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> You can find all kinds of cool stuff at the public library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I was thinking like, where do where does the ephemera live? Where do the things live that we can’t touch? What are the less visited things of the library?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>tanea lunsford lynx was recently an artist in residence at the San Francisco Public Library,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>And then I found that there was an oral history project that had over 25, recorded oral histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>She was \u003ci>transfixed\u003c/i> by the voices of Black Americans describing life in San Francisco at the turn of the 20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: yea, we were here.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> Now, tanea and I are standing in front of a display case on the third floor of the main branch …busy library life bustling around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I wanted folks to kind of happen upon it outside of the elevator. So when folks kind of get out there, struck by the photos that many of us have never seen. Of the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>Yeah. Some people have seen some of the photos, like of the fire and stuff like that. What’s different about these ones?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>These photos are different because they’re featuring black American folks who were here in San Francisco at the time of the 1906 earthquake. So you not only see the plume of the fires, the smoke in the back of the photos, but you also see, black San Franciscans at the forefront of the photos who are, like, dressed very beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>My name is tanea lunsford lynx. I’m a writer and artist and educator. And fourth generation, like San Franciscan on both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>For Tanea, these photos were a revelation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>So even though my family has a deep history here, and even though we knew we were here, there hadn’t been like photo proof that I’d seen a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>As part of her residency at the library she began digging into the archives kept here and stumbled across an oral history recorded in 1978… of a man named Aurelius Alberga. A black man and a survivor of the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>And there certainly hadn’t been stories in our own voices about the experience of being here in 1906 and prior to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>I felt a kinship pretty quickly. Because something about. Alberga’s tone reminded me of my grandfather’s voice and something about the quality of the audio is…Very appropriate for the time that it was recorded. And so you can, like hear the hum of the machine. You can hear like background noises, like I was I was automatically seated in someone’s house, like listening to them tell their stories. And it was that kinship, that closeness, that sense of intimacy that I was looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>October 22, 1884.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dr. Albert Broussard: \u003c/b>Where were you born?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>San Francisco\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dr. Albert Broussard: \u003c/b>What about you parents. Where were they born?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga: \u003c/b>My father was born in Kingston, Jamaica. May mother was born in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>He was very chill, for lack of a better word, about surviving that earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> Historian Dr. Albert Broussard recorded this oral history when Alberga was in his 90s. On the day of the Great Earthquake, Alberga was in his early 20s, sleeping in a room he rented at the corner of Commercial and Kearny Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>Aurelius Alberga is asleep in his apartment, which most likely was an SRO, single room occupancy. And he lived there, and his father lived in the apartment above him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> My father was living there too. He had a room right upstairs directly over me. The Quake loosened and one side of the building collapsed. The doors in those days used to open out, and the door to my room was jammed shut — I couldn’t open it, you see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> He, like, yells for his father to know where he is, and his father comes down and helps him get out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> After escaping his small room, Alberga and his father go their separate ways. Alberga is worried about the man he works for who is blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> Alberga’s job at that time is being a chauffeur for a man he calls old Metzger, who’s a man that he works for, who’s, like, wealthy, who’s a blind man. And, he develops this relationship with kind of like, caring for him in different ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> He lived on O’Farrell Street between Stockton and Powell. The whole front side of the hotel had fallen out into the streets and left exposed the rooms on that end. He was right there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> And so Alberga is like, oh my gosh, I hope he’s okay. And he gets up to Metzger’s apartment. And this man is sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> He slept through it all, which was a blessing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> After heroically saving Metzger’s life, he takes the old man to his mother’s house. Old Metzger is worried about savings he’s got stored in a safe downtown so he sends Alberga to retrieve the money. That errand takes Alberga all over the town and he watches as the city is destroyed. He recalls how the water mains were broken and firefighters struggled to contain the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> They had no water, and no hoses long enough to draw water from the Bay. There’s nothing that could stop it. It just went ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> It blew my mind that he could recall with precision the exact intersections of where things happened in San Francisco, particularly as a man of, like, more than 90 years old. Because I’m also aware of, like, yes, this was a trauma that he survived. And he was able to recall with such clarity where these things happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Alberga had lost everything in the earthquake and fire, his home, all his possessions. He bounced around the city, staying with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> One of the things he did say was that folks across like, race and ethnicity were really welcoming to each other as far as, like, inviting folks to literally stay in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> I don’t think there were any people as friendly as the ole San Franciscans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/b> No one as friendly as ‘ole San Franciscans. People were dragging their trunks down the road, nowhere to sleep…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Aurelius Alberga:\u003c/b> People were dragging their trunks along the street and someone would come along and help them. They’d take someone in their house they had never seen before in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Folks opened up their homes to people they’d never seen before in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>So that mutual aid and that care was something that Alberga named as something that was distinctly San Franciscan at the time, that it was a very friendly place at that time, particularly after this moment of crisis. And so that really stood out to me, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music transition\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon was just a little girl of nine-years-old when the earthquake struck. Her family lived in a flat in downtown San Francisco. But by 1906 many Black San Franciscans had relocated to the East Bay in search of more space and less expensive housing. Her grandmother lived in Oakland and Elizabeth had gone to stay with her for the Easter holidays, just before the quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>And my mother came over later in the week and brought the rest of the children. My father came over on the last boat before the earthquake hit, to my grandmother’s. I was so sure it was my fault because I didn’t kneel that night before I said prayers. I got into bed and then said my prayers because it was so cold. But I didn’t tell anyone that it was my fault the earthquake came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Elizabeth remembers all the chimneys in Oakland falling down during the earthquake. As morning dawned, chaos reigned and authorities would not let Elizabeth’s father return to San Francisco on the ferry. He had to get special permission to go check on their house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>And when he went over, he found out there was a whole lot of damage. But he was able to get a suitcase and put some things in it, never dreaming the fire would reach there, you know. And some of the things he brought were so insignificant my mother thought. I’ll never forget her repeating, “he brought that book.” (chuckles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Her father returned to Oakland where his family was — and their home on Jones street was consumed by the fire. Elizabeth says the family was lucky to be able to stay with her grandparents in Oakland until her father purchased a plot of land in the Mission to build them a new house. She says many Black San Franciscans tapped into networks of friends and family in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Elizabeth Fisher Gordon: \u003c/b>The people from San Francisco came over here when their houses burned down and they took care of them over here. Red Cross, and they set up temporary housing and what have you for the people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Tent cities sprang up in parks around San Francisco…housing 200-thousand people who had become homeless overnight. People set up outdoor kitchens and cooked together. Tanea lunsford lynx documented Black San Franciscans among these scenes in her exhibit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>The first photo that we see is a photo of two young black people, children who are sitting in the grass and you see tents and you see a clothing line up behind them, and you see a little stove for cooking as well. And this is a campsite that was set up in Golden Gate Park, because folks had lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>A PBS documentary called The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake paints a desolate picture of life in the aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Narration: \u003c/b>Standing in bread lines, meat lines, soup lines, any kind of a line became the central activity of life. Everyone had to do it. Soldiers made sure nobody cheated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And anybody not standing in line, was put to work rebuilding the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Narration: \u003c/b>It was said that in many places, the debris was not even allowed to cool, and bricks were pitched from lots when still as warm as muffins. Volunteers on the cleanup crews took up the refrain in the damnedest, finest ruins I’d rather be a brick than live anywhere else but San Francisco. The great cleanup had begun. Thousands of standing walls were torn down. An estimated 6.5 billion bricks were carted away or cleaned of mortar to be reused in new buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>People who lived through these times remember it as a swift recovery. Alfred Butler was a Black teenager living in Oakland at the time of the earthquake. He took a mule and cart all the way down to San Jose and around the Bay in order to see what had happened to San Francisco for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recalls seeing a lot of rubble, and the biggest buildings knocked down. But over the following months the recovery progressed quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alfred Butler: \u003c/b>They built it up right away. In a year’s time, things were pretty well cleaned up. And then they started to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>At the turn of the 20th century, Black San Franciscans lived in neighborhoods scattered throughout San Francisco, but many single men were concentrated in hotels downtown…like Aurelius Alberga who we heard from earlier. Alfred Butler says after the earthquake, the Western Addition became the hub of Black life. That’s where his brother moved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alfred Butler: \u003c/b>After the earthquake, everybody moved on Fillmore Street. All the businesses on Fillmore Street started booming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>San Franciscans came together after the quake and people from all walks of life helped one another in that moment of crises. But the oral histories of these Black Americans who survived it show that as the city rebuilt, it went back to the de facto racism that ruled it. Butler says good jobs were still reserved for white people, while Black people struggled to find menial ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Albert Butler: \u003c/b>It was hard to get a job. Negroes, we had a tough time getting a job. A menial job like washing windows or running errands or something like that. Running an elevator or something like that. It was hard to get a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music transition\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>For Tanea, the photos of San Franciscans living in tents, cooking outdoors, waiting in line for basic necessities are eerily similar to scenes on the streets of the city today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx: \u003c/b>When looking at these photos, I began to see the past, speaking to the future and the future, speaking to the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And as a Black person, tanea sees echoes of \u003ci>her San Francisco\u003c/i> in the oral histories she combed through. A small Black community fighting to stay in a changing city. The devastation of displacement and loss. But also the love of this place and the tenacity to survive. It’s all too familiar. Her poem “We Were Here” is an ode to the Black community in San Francisco, which stretches from the Gold Rush to now. Here’s an excerpt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> We were here already, living fantastical lives, already saving the best for the present, already studying the contours of the city. The bay knew us. This ocean was salted with our knowing already. We knew the feeling of firm ground. Before the shaking. We knew stability. The ground knew the planting and rising of our feet like a dance. We were already sending for each other, extending a fishing hook south and pulling each other up with calloused hands. We were already spinning tales about this mass of fog. We were already making home here. \u003ci>(fades under)\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>That story was brought to us by Bay Curious editor and producer, Katrina Schwartz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>tanea lunsford lynx:\u003c/b> But of course, we were here, living in our signature ways. Of course, when the earth shifted, we went looking for who could be lost in the cracks. Of course it made for lore. Of course we were doing the fantastical feat like a dance. The earth cracked open and we kept time, an offering of our survival. We kept on living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Music fades out\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> tanea’s exhibit is no longer on display at the library, but you can see all the photos she used and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanealunsfordlynx.com/wewerehere\">read her writing on the project’s website\u003c/a>. You can find a link in our show notes or on baycurious.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Special thanks to the San Francisco History Center, part of the San Francisco Public Library for letting us use the oral histories in their archive. And to the San Francisco African-American Historical and Cultural Society who co-sponsored the original oral history project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s still time to vote in our April voting round. Here are your choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 1:\u003c/b> I was recently at the Morcom Rose Garden in Oakland and saw three different official Oakland signs that read, “No glitter.” I would love to know what happened at the rose garden to warrant so many signs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 2:\u003c/b> Yesterday, I walked with a fellow science teacher on the Great Hwy. We commented on the blackish sand, made of iron filings. Where does the iron come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 3:\u003c/b> Who are the de Youngs? I think they have some crazy stories!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Vote for which question you think we should tackle next at baycurious.org. While you’re there, sign up for our monthly newsletter, ask your own question, or get lost listening through the Bay Curious archive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Our show is made by:\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Katrina Schwartz\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Beale: \u003c/b>Christopher Beale\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katherine Monahan:\u003c/b> Katherine Monahan\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>and me, Olivia Allen Price. Additional support from:\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Jen Chien: \u003c/b>Jen Chien\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katie Springer: \u003c/b>Katie Springer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cesar Saldana: \u003c/b>Cesar Saldana\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maha Sanad: \u003c/b>Maha Sanad\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Holly Kernan:\u003c/b> Holly Kernan\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Crowd:\u003c/b> And the whole KQED family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. We’ll be back next week.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983182/stunning-archival-photos-of-the-1906-earthquake-and-fire","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_993","news_5241","news_6627"],"featImg":"news_11983202","label":"news_33523"},"news_11983413":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983413","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983413","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment","title":"Could Protesters Who Shut Down Golden Gate Bridge Be Charged With False Imprisonment?","publishDate":1713486749,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Could Protesters Who Shut Down Golden Gate Bridge Be Charged With False Imprisonment? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:30 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An announcement from San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins that she is considering the possibility of charging a group of pro-Palestinian protesters with a felony for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11982940/protesters-shut-down-880-freeway-in-oakland-as-part-of-economic-blockade-for-gaza\">blocking the Golden Gate Bridge on Monday\u003c/a> has been met with concern by legal experts and civil rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have also pushed back against \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrookeJenkinsSF/status/1780616603954204930\">Jenkins’ suggestion\u003c/a> that people who were stuck in traffic during the protest may be eligible for restitution as possible victims “detained against their will” or “\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/brookejenkinssf/status/1780369591367340514?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">falsely imprisoned”\u003c/a> — and should reach out to California Highway Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These people, Jenkins wrote on X on Wednesday, “may be entitled to restitution + have other victim rights guaranteed under \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/victim-services/marsys-law/\">Marsy’s law.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BrookeJenkinsSF/status/1780616603954204930\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU Northern California’s legal director Shilpi Agarwal called the idea — that anyone disrupted by a protest can seek financial payment from protesters — a “red flag.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests are, by design, meant to be visible and inconvenient,” Agarwal said. “Lawful protests often create roadblocks or shut down streets or create traffic … The idea that people who suffer that inconvenience are victims and should get money from the protesters is a very dangerous notion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What happened after the Golden Gate Bridge protests?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Alameda County prosecutors are still waiting to review evidence from CHP before announcing any charges against the protesters, who were part of an international “economic blockade” to oppose \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gaza/\">the United States’ financial support for Israel\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11821950 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/RS64575_022_KQED_AntiochPoliceRacistTextProtest_04182023-qut-1020x680.jpg']Israel’s monthslong siege of Gaza, in response to Hamas’ attack on Oct. 7 that killed some 1,200 Israelis according to Israel’s government, has caused \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-gaza-war-statistics-95a6407fac94e9d589be234708cd5005\">widespread devastation:\u003c/a> 33,000 Palestinians — more than 13,000 of them children — have since been killed, according to Gaza health authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israel’s attacks have also displaced 70% of Gaza’s population, and the United Nations is warning that \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-un-humanitarian-famine-gaza-malnutrition-cf622f843fe531fb6dbd5657a39d6b49\">a famine is approaching\u003c/a>. Since the siege began more than six months ago, thousands in the Bay Area have joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gaza/\">rallies and protests demanding a cease-fire in Gaza\u003c/a>. (Read more about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">the decades-long conflict from NPR’s “Middle East crisis — explained”\u003c/a> series.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the 12 protesters arrested in a separate protest on two different sections of Interstate 880 in Oakland were quickly released. However, most of the 26 arrested on the Golden Gate Bridge were booked and held in jail for more than 24 hours on suspicion of felony conspiracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The felony arrest charge gives Jenkins the opportunity to consider charging the Golden Gate Bridge protesters with a felony. Misdemeanors or infractions are more common charges for protesters, Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we must protect avenues for free speech, the exercise of free speech cannot compromise public safety,” Jenkins wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrookeJenkinsSF/status/1780369591367340514/photo/1\">a statement posted to X. \u003c/a>“I truly believe that there can be free expression while maintaining the safety of our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHP spokesperson Andrew Barclay argued the protesters posed a serious threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody has a right to protest,” Barclay said. “People have a right to express their opinions. No one has the right to go on to a freeway and shut it down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order for the charges to come to fruition, Barclay said CHP needs to speak to individuals “trapped on the bridge as this was happening” and needs “to actually show that there are specific individuals who were in this situation because of the actions of the protesters. And we need to do that in order to be able to meet those standards that will articulate that crime was committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an unrelated press conference on climate change on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/california-playbook-pm/2024/04/16/dems-narrow-the-swing-district-gap-00152679\">Gov. Gavin Newsom also criticized Monday’s protests\u003c/a>: “I don’t think that’s helpful, and I don’t think that’s responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said that he believed “there are better ways of protesting” and that “people need to be held to account for their actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What do legal voices and advocates say?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Center for Protest Law and Litigation — which is representing the freeway protesters — has blasted CHP and framed the possible allegations as trumped-up arrest charges meant to silence peaceful protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of a way of inflicting a preemptive punishment before charges have even been filed,” said Rachel Lederman, the group’s senior council. “We haven’t seen this in recent years in San Francisco or in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11976328,news_11982940\"]Agarwal of the ACLU is concerned about the language Jenkins employed in the call out, which included \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/brookejenkinssf/status/1780369591367340514?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">“falsely imprisoned” and “restitution.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only kind of interpretation that I can glean from that is [that] she really wants to dissuade people from exercising their right to protest by sort of heaping on these protesters all kinds of unusual consequences, some of which are financial,” Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our concern is that’s really going to have a chilling effect on speech because lawful protesting is inconvenient,” she said. “It is how you draw attention to an issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lederman added that she thought “it’s a bit far-fetched to charge people with false imprisonment for blocking traffic” — although she said in her experience, restitution is common in criminal cases. She noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967536/protesters-calling-for-gaza-ceasefire-block-bay-bridges-westbound-lanes\">78 pro-Palestinian protesters arrested after they blocked the Bay Bridge\u003c/a> are paying “a very small amount of restitution to one person who had a specific medical bill that they attributed to the traffic blockage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenkins previously filed charges against those \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967536/protesters-calling-for-gaza-ceasefire-block-bay-bridges-westbound-lanes\">Bay Bridge protesters\u003c/a>. However, a judge last month ordered them to pay the restitution and do community service instead of going to trial — a move Jenkins said she had to accept but did not support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agarwal said while she could not speak to the details of Monday’s actions, the government can place “reasonable limits on protest” in what is called \u003ca href=\"https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/time-place-and-manner-restrictions/\">a “time, place, and manner restriction\u003c/a>,” by dictating certain parameters to try to ensure safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “even in a situation where the protester does everything that they’re supposed to do, protests are inconvenient. They absolutely create traffic jams. They absolutely can create streets to shut down,” Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a balance that we have struck in this country where we say we have a First Amendment right to voice our opinion on things, and we are willing to suffer some of the inconvenience that can come from that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sydney Johnson and David Marks contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Advocates have expressed concern at San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins' announcement on possible charges for Monday's pro-Palestinian protesters.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713544337,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1177},"headData":{"title":"Could Protesters Who Shut Down Golden Gate Bridge Be Charged With False Imprisonment? | KQED","description":"Advocates have expressed concern at San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins' announcement on possible charges for Monday's pro-Palestinian protesters.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Could Protesters Who Shut Down Golden Gate Bridge Be Charged With False Imprisonment?","datePublished":"2024-04-19T00:32:29.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T16:32:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:30 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An announcement from San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins that she is considering the possibility of charging a group of pro-Palestinian protesters with a felony for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11982940/protesters-shut-down-880-freeway-in-oakland-as-part-of-economic-blockade-for-gaza\">blocking the Golden Gate Bridge on Monday\u003c/a> has been met with concern by legal experts and civil rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have also pushed back against \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrookeJenkinsSF/status/1780616603954204930\">Jenkins’ suggestion\u003c/a> that people who were stuck in traffic during the protest may be eligible for restitution as possible victims “detained against their will” or “\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/brookejenkinssf/status/1780369591367340514?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">falsely imprisoned”\u003c/a> — and should reach out to California Highway Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These people, Jenkins wrote on X on Wednesday, “may be entitled to restitution + have other victim rights guaranteed under \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/victim-services/marsys-law/\">Marsy’s law.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1780616603954204930"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>ACLU Northern California’s legal director Shilpi Agarwal called the idea — that anyone disrupted by a protest can seek financial payment from protesters — a “red flag.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests are, by design, meant to be visible and inconvenient,” Agarwal said. “Lawful protests often create roadblocks or shut down streets or create traffic … The idea that people who suffer that inconvenience are victims and should get money from the protesters is a very dangerous notion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What happened after the Golden Gate Bridge protests?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Alameda County prosecutors are still waiting to review evidence from CHP before announcing any charges against the protesters, who were part of an international “economic blockade” to oppose \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gaza/\">the United States’ financial support for Israel\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11821950","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/RS64575_022_KQED_AntiochPoliceRacistTextProtest_04182023-qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Israel’s monthslong siege of Gaza, in response to Hamas’ attack on Oct. 7 that killed some 1,200 Israelis according to Israel’s government, has caused \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-gaza-war-statistics-95a6407fac94e9d589be234708cd5005\">widespread devastation:\u003c/a> 33,000 Palestinians — more than 13,000 of them children — have since been killed, according to Gaza health authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israel’s attacks have also displaced 70% of Gaza’s population, and the United Nations is warning that \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-un-humanitarian-famine-gaza-malnutrition-cf622f843fe531fb6dbd5657a39d6b49\">a famine is approaching\u003c/a>. Since the siege began more than six months ago, thousands in the Bay Area have joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gaza/\">rallies and protests demanding a cease-fire in Gaza\u003c/a>. (Read more about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">the decades-long conflict from NPR’s “Middle East crisis — explained”\u003c/a> series.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the 12 protesters arrested in a separate protest on two different sections of Interstate 880 in Oakland were quickly released. However, most of the 26 arrested on the Golden Gate Bridge were booked and held in jail for more than 24 hours on suspicion of felony conspiracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The felony arrest charge gives Jenkins the opportunity to consider charging the Golden Gate Bridge protesters with a felony. Misdemeanors or infractions are more common charges for protesters, Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we must protect avenues for free speech, the exercise of free speech cannot compromise public safety,” Jenkins wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrookeJenkinsSF/status/1780369591367340514/photo/1\">a statement posted to X. \u003c/a>“I truly believe that there can be free expression while maintaining the safety of our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHP spokesperson Andrew Barclay argued the protesters posed a serious threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody has a right to protest,” Barclay said. “People have a right to express their opinions. No one has the right to go on to a freeway and shut it down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order for the charges to come to fruition, Barclay said CHP needs to speak to individuals “trapped on the bridge as this was happening” and needs “to actually show that there are specific individuals who were in this situation because of the actions of the protesters. And we need to do that in order to be able to meet those standards that will articulate that crime was committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an unrelated press conference on climate change on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/california-playbook-pm/2024/04/16/dems-narrow-the-swing-district-gap-00152679\">Gov. Gavin Newsom also criticized Monday’s protests\u003c/a>: “I don’t think that’s helpful, and I don’t think that’s responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said that he believed “there are better ways of protesting” and that “people need to be held to account for their actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What do legal voices and advocates say?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Center for Protest Law and Litigation — which is representing the freeway protesters — has blasted CHP and framed the possible allegations as trumped-up arrest charges meant to silence peaceful protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of a way of inflicting a preemptive punishment before charges have even been filed,” said Rachel Lederman, the group’s senior council. “We haven’t seen this in recent years in San Francisco or in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11976328,news_11982940"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Agarwal of the ACLU is concerned about the language Jenkins employed in the call out, which included \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/brookejenkinssf/status/1780369591367340514?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">“falsely imprisoned” and “restitution.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only kind of interpretation that I can glean from that is [that] she really wants to dissuade people from exercising their right to protest by sort of heaping on these protesters all kinds of unusual consequences, some of which are financial,” Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our concern is that’s really going to have a chilling effect on speech because lawful protesting is inconvenient,” she said. “It is how you draw attention to an issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lederman added that she thought “it’s a bit far-fetched to charge people with false imprisonment for blocking traffic” — although she said in her experience, restitution is common in criminal cases. She noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967536/protesters-calling-for-gaza-ceasefire-block-bay-bridges-westbound-lanes\">78 pro-Palestinian protesters arrested after they blocked the Bay Bridge\u003c/a> are paying “a very small amount of restitution to one person who had a specific medical bill that they attributed to the traffic blockage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenkins previously filed charges against those \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967536/protesters-calling-for-gaza-ceasefire-block-bay-bridges-westbound-lanes\">Bay Bridge protesters\u003c/a>. However, a judge last month ordered them to pay the restitution and do community service instead of going to trial — a move Jenkins said she had to accept but did not support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agarwal said while she could not speak to the details of Monday’s actions, the government can place “reasonable limits on protest” in what is called \u003ca href=\"https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/time-place-and-manner-restrictions/\">a “time, place, and manner restriction\u003c/a>,” by dictating certain parameters to try to ensure safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “even in a situation where the protester does everything that they’re supposed to do, protests are inconvenient. They absolutely create traffic jams. They absolutely can create streets to shut down,” Agarwal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a balance that we have struck in this country where we say we have a First Amendment right to voice our opinion on things, and we are willing to suffer some of the inconvenience that can come from that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sydney Johnson and David Marks contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment","authors":["11867","1263"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_32707","news_31298","news_33900","news_27626","news_33647","news_38"],"featImg":"news_11982969","label":"news"},"news_11983384":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983384","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983384","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-francisco-sues-oakland-over-plan-to-change-airport-name","title":"San Francisco Sues Oakland Over Plan to Change Airport Name","publishDate":1713473845,"format":"standard","headTitle":"San Francisco Sues Oakland Over Plan to Change Airport Name | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Ready for another Battle of the Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco on Thursday sued Oakland to block the city from renaming Oakland International Airport to “San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filed in U.S. district court, the suit accuses Oakland of infringing on San Francisco International Airport’s (SFO) trademark. It comes a week after the Port of Oakland’s board of commissioners \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11982744/oakland-officials-to-proceed-with-controversial-move-to-rename-airport\">voted unanimously\u003c/a> to move forward with the name change in a bid to draw more traffic to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu said the renaming would lead to widespread confusion and chaos for travelers, particularly non-English speakers. He noted that at least one international airline — Portugal’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.azoresairlines.pt/\">Azores Airlines\u003c/a> — has already started using the new name on its flight reservations system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that Oakland intentionally designed their new rename to divert those who were unfamiliar with Bay Area geography, and also is trying to mislead the public in suggesting that Oakland might have a business relationship with SFO, which it does not,” Chiu told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the name change would likely cause many travelers to go to the wrong airport and miss their flights and could result in major economic losses and damage to the regional travel industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu added that his office only learned about the proposed name change about a half hour before the Oakland Port \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7IDRj5KUF4\">publicly announced it last month\u003c/a>. Since then, he said, Oakland has rebuffed his repeated attempts to work with the city to come up with a more reasonable alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Litigation, from our perspective, is a last resort,” he said, “but given that Oakland has refused to engage with us, we’re forced to move forward with a lawsuit today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit seeks to force Oakland to stop using the new name, destroy all physical and digital materials that display it, and to pay any related damages and fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11982744\" label=\"Related Story\"]In a statement on Thursday, Port of Oakland Attorney Mary Richardson dismissed the notion that the proposed renaming in any way violated SFO’s trademark and said the port would “take all reasonable measures to ensure clarity for travelers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SFO cannot lay claim to the geographically descriptive term ‘San Francisco,’ let alone claim exclusive rights to the San Francisco Bay,” she said. “The Port trusts that travelers understand that the San Francisco Bay — like virtually every other major metropolitan area throughout the world — can contain more than one airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its late March video announcement, Oakland Board of Port Commissioners President Barbara Leslie said increasing the public’s awareness of the airport’s central geographic location in the Bay Area was key to increasing the number of available flights and destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve found that over half of frequent international travelers and nearly a third of domestic travelers are unaware of OAK’s amazing location in the heart of Northern California and the San Francisco Bay Area,” she said in the video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie added that the lack of awareness has meant flights haven’t performed as well as they could, leading to a loss of existing routes and a reluctance among airlines to add new routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Port officials last week also released the results of two surveys asking residents of Oakland and the broader East Bay region to weigh in on the proposed name change. Initially, only a slim majority said they were comfortable with the change. But after the rationale for the change was explained to them, roughly two-thirds of respondents said they approved of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chiu argued that there are many other ways for Oakland’s airport to reference its geographic location without infringing on SFO’s trademark and confusing countless travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oakland is trying to profit off of the fact that SFO has invested billions of dollars over decades in the reputation of the name San Francisco International Airport, the services at San Francisco International Airport,” he said. “And that’s not fair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The federal lawsuit argues that Oakland is intentionally trying to confuse passengers and divert traffic from SFO by renaming its airport ‘San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.’","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713504925,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":710},"headData":{"title":"San Francisco Sues Oakland Over Plan to Change Airport Name | KQED","description":"The federal lawsuit argues that Oakland is intentionally trying to confuse passengers and divert traffic from SFO by renaming its airport ‘San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.’","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"San Francisco Sues Oakland Over Plan to Change Airport Name","datePublished":"2024-04-18T20:57:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T05:35:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983384/san-francisco-sues-oakland-over-plan-to-change-airport-name","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ready for another Battle of the Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco on Thursday sued Oakland to block the city from renaming Oakland International Airport to “San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filed in U.S. district court, the suit accuses Oakland of infringing on San Francisco International Airport’s (SFO) trademark. It comes a week after the Port of Oakland’s board of commissioners \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11982744/oakland-officials-to-proceed-with-controversial-move-to-rename-airport\">voted unanimously\u003c/a> to move forward with the name change in a bid to draw more traffic to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu said the renaming would lead to widespread confusion and chaos for travelers, particularly non-English speakers. He noted that at least one international airline — Portugal’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.azoresairlines.pt/\">Azores Airlines\u003c/a> — has already started using the new name on its flight reservations system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that Oakland intentionally designed their new rename to divert those who were unfamiliar with Bay Area geography, and also is trying to mislead the public in suggesting that Oakland might have a business relationship with SFO, which it does not,” Chiu told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the name change would likely cause many travelers to go to the wrong airport and miss their flights and could result in major economic losses and damage to the regional travel industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu added that his office only learned about the proposed name change about a half hour before the Oakland Port \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7IDRj5KUF4\">publicly announced it last month\u003c/a>. Since then, he said, Oakland has rebuffed his repeated attempts to work with the city to come up with a more reasonable alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Litigation, from our perspective, is a last resort,” he said, “but given that Oakland has refused to engage with us, we’re forced to move forward with a lawsuit today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit seeks to force Oakland to stop using the new name, destroy all physical and digital materials that display it, and to pay any related damages and fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11982744","label":"Related Story "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In a statement on Thursday, Port of Oakland Attorney Mary Richardson dismissed the notion that the proposed renaming in any way violated SFO’s trademark and said the port would “take all reasonable measures to ensure clarity for travelers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SFO cannot lay claim to the geographically descriptive term ‘San Francisco,’ let alone claim exclusive rights to the San Francisco Bay,” she said. “The Port trusts that travelers understand that the San Francisco Bay — like virtually every other major metropolitan area throughout the world — can contain more than one airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its late March video announcement, Oakland Board of Port Commissioners President Barbara Leslie said increasing the public’s awareness of the airport’s central geographic location in the Bay Area was key to increasing the number of available flights and destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve found that over half of frequent international travelers and nearly a third of domestic travelers are unaware of OAK’s amazing location in the heart of Northern California and the San Francisco Bay Area,” she said in the video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie added that the lack of awareness has meant flights haven’t performed as well as they could, leading to a loss of existing routes and a reluctance among airlines to add new routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Port officials last week also released the results of two surveys asking residents of Oakland and the broader East Bay region to weigh in on the proposed name change. Initially, only a slim majority said they were comfortable with the change. But after the rationale for the change was explained to them, roughly two-thirds of respondents said they approved of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chiu argued that there are many other ways for Oakland’s airport to reference its geographic location without infringing on SFO’s trademark and confusing countless travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oakland is trying to profit off of the fact that SFO has invested billions of dollars over decades in the reputation of the name San Francisco International Airport, the services at San Francisco International Airport,” he said. “And that’s not fair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983384/san-francisco-sues-oakland-over-plan-to-change-airport-name","authors":["1263"],"categories":["news_8","news_1397"],"tags":["news_25200","news_167","news_27626","news_33915","news_2767","news_20517"],"featImg":"news_11983385","label":"news"},"news_11983439":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983439","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983439","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"alameda-county-da-files-manslaughter-charges-against-police-officers-in-mario-gonzalezs-death","title":"Alameda County DA Charges 3 Police Officers With Manslaughter in Death of Mario Gonzalez","publishDate":1713497857,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Alameda County DA Charges 3 Police Officers With Manslaughter in Death of Mario Gonzalez | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Pamela Price on Thursday announced her office had filed involuntary manslaughter charges against three Alameda police officers involved in the 2021 death of Mario Gonzalez, a young, unarmed man who stopped breathing after they pinned him face-down to the ground in a city park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price’s move to file felony charges against the officers — Eric McKinley, James Fisher and Cameron Leahy — reverses the decision of her predecessor, \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910601/no-criminal-charges-against-alameda-officers-in-death-of-mario-gonzalez\" data-link=\"native\">who in 2022 declined to charge them after finding no evidence of wrongdoing.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Gonzalez case was one of the highest-profile of \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/eastbay/article/alameda-county-d-a-reopening-investigations-for-17754790.php\" data-link=\"native\">eight police shootings or in-custody deaths\u003c/a> that Price, a former civil rights attorney, reopened shortly after taking office last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Thursday press conference, Price said she had been “walled off” from this particular case and that her office’s Public Accountability Unit had independently made the charging decision. Price created that unit after taking office to review officer misconduct cases like this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is important that we have a Public Accountability Unit, that we hold people accountable when there is harm, and that we don’t have a double standard,” said Price, who is also now facing \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/pamela-price-alameda-county-da-face-recall-vote-19404771.php\" data-link=\"native\">a recall election\u003c/a>. “We won’t be able to administer justice if the community doesn’t trust that the system is going to work for everybody on an equal basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to rebuild trust in a system that has not always been fair to folks, particularly in Alameda County,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If convicted, the officers could face up to four years in state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Thursday’s press conference, Price declined to say if any new evidence had been introduced that may have influenced the decision to bring the new charges, which were were filed just before the criminal statute of limitations expired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three officers continue to work in law enforcement. Fisher is a Contra Costa County sheriff’s deputy, while Leahy and McKinley are still at the Alameda Police Department. The two were placed on leave on April 17, after the department was notified of the charges, Alameda Police Chief Nishant Joshi said in a statement on Friday.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"mario-gonzalez\"]Joshi, who became chief shortly after the incident, said he was confident in the justice system and pledged to fully cooperate with the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also noted that he had conducted his own “independent review” of the multiple previous investigations — including those done by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office, the Coroner’s Bureau, and the city — and said he “concurred that Alameda police officers did not engage in any misconduct and I stand by that decision today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alison Berry Wilkinson, an attorney who represented the three officers during the previous investigations, blasted the DA’s decision, calling it a blatant act of “political prosecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The District Attorney waited until the 11th hour before the statute of limitations was set to expire to bring these charges just days after it was confirmed she would face recall,” she said in an email statement. “There is no new evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilkinson defended the officers’ actions while taking Gonzalez into custody as “reasonable, necessary, and lawful” and attributed his death to “drug toxicity, not criminal misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are confident a jury will see through this charade and exonerate the officers, just as the two prior independent investigations did,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Oakland civil rights attorney Michael Haddad praised the DA’s decision to file charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These charges are long overdue. They’re not excessive,” Haddad told KQED on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re very appropriate and in fact obvious in this situation. I think that from our work in the civil case, we basically gave the district attorney this case tied up in a bow, just from the records we filed in open court,” he said. “And it’s really clear that a jury should decide whether these officers are criminally responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez, a 26-year-old man from Oakland, was confronted by three police officers in a small Alameda park on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871345/city-of-alameda-releases-police-body-cam-footage-of-mario-gonzalez-death\">morning of April 19, 2021\u003c/a>, after several neighbors called 911 reporting a man behaving erratically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As captured in the nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBJnToNolHw\">hour-long police body camera video\u003c/a>, the interaction began calmly but quickly escalated after the officers made repeated, unsuccessful attempts to obtain Gonzalez’s full name and ID. They then grabbed him without ever accusing him of a crime or placing him under arrest. When Gonzalez resisted, the officers took him to the ground, pinning him on his stomach, with at least one of them pressing an elbow and knee into his back and shoulder as he struggled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officers continued to hold Gonzalez in a prone position, his hands restrained behind his back, for roughly five minutes, at which point he went limp and appeared to stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After officers performed CPR and administered at least two doses of Narcan, a drug used to counteract opiate overdoses, paramedics rushed Gonzalez to Alameda Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident sparked fierce local protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2022 review of the case by then-DA Nancy O’Malley’s office found the officers acted reasonably out of concern that Gonzalez might pose a threat to them, himself and others. O’Malley’s office said the officers had tried to “deescalate” the situation by using “necessary” force but never struck Gonzalez or used any illicit chokeholds or weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An autopsy \u003ca href=\"https://www.alamedaca.gov/files/assets/public/alameda-pio/gonzalez-mario-coroners-investigation.pdf\">performed by the Alameda County coroner (PDF)\u003c/a>, and released nearly eight months after the incident, classified Gonzalez’s death as a homicide, but identified the “toxic effects of methamphetamine” as the leading cause of his fatal cardiac arrest. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Second-autopsy-finds-Mario-Gonzalez-died-of-17131892.php\">subsequent independent autopsy\u003c/a>, requested by attorneys representing Gonzalez’s family, classified the death as a homicide, attributing it to “restraint asphyxiation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Weisberg, law professor and co-director of Stanford University’s Criminal Justice Center, told KQED on Friday it would be a potentially close case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These would be difficult jury questions,” Weisberg said. “First if the restraint even played a significant causal role in his death, and second of course whether the officers displayed gross negligence or recklessness in supplying that excessive pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can imagine a judge saying ‘Yes, I think there’s sufficient evidence,’ from which a jury could conclude that there’s a basis for an involuntary manslaughter charge. But it’s very tough to say whether a jury would come to that conclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the city of Alameda agreed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970180/attorney-for-family-of-mario-gonzalez-calls-11-million-settlement-a-historic-amount\">to pay $11 million to Gonzalez’s 7-year-old son\u003c/a> and $350,000 to his mother to settle a civil rights suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED’s Alex Emslie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The move by District Attorney Pamela Price's office to file felony involuntary manslaughter charges against the officers reverses the decision of her predecessor, who in 2022 declined to charge them after finding no evidence of wrongdoing.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713575700,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1199},"headData":{"title":"Alameda County DA Charges 3 Police Officers With Manslaughter in Death of Mario Gonzalez | KQED","description":"The move by District Attorney Pamela Price's office to file felony involuntary manslaughter charges against the officers reverses the decision of her predecessor, who in 2022 declined to charge them after finding no evidence of wrongdoing.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Alameda County DA Charges 3 Police Officers With Manslaughter in Death of Mario Gonzalez","datePublished":"2024-04-19T03:37:37.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-20T01:15:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983439/alameda-county-da-files-manslaughter-charges-against-police-officers-in-mario-gonzalezs-death","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Pamela Price on Thursday announced her office had filed involuntary manslaughter charges against three Alameda police officers involved in the 2021 death of Mario Gonzalez, a young, unarmed man who stopped breathing after they pinned him face-down to the ground in a city park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price’s move to file felony charges against the officers — Eric McKinley, James Fisher and Cameron Leahy — reverses the decision of her predecessor, \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910601/no-criminal-charges-against-alameda-officers-in-death-of-mario-gonzalez\" data-link=\"native\">who in 2022 declined to charge them after finding no evidence of wrongdoing.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Gonzalez case was one of the highest-profile of \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/eastbay/article/alameda-county-d-a-reopening-investigations-for-17754790.php\" data-link=\"native\">eight police shootings or in-custody deaths\u003c/a> that Price, a former civil rights attorney, reopened shortly after taking office last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Thursday press conference, Price said she had been “walled off” from this particular case and that her office’s Public Accountability Unit had independently made the charging decision. Price created that unit after taking office to review officer misconduct cases like this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is important that we have a Public Accountability Unit, that we hold people accountable when there is harm, and that we don’t have a double standard,” said Price, who is also now facing \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/pamela-price-alameda-county-da-face-recall-vote-19404771.php\" data-link=\"native\">a recall election\u003c/a>. “We won’t be able to administer justice if the community doesn’t trust that the system is going to work for everybody on an equal basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to rebuild trust in a system that has not always been fair to folks, particularly in Alameda County,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If convicted, the officers could face up to four years in state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Thursday’s press conference, Price declined to say if any new evidence had been introduced that may have influenced the decision to bring the new charges, which were were filed just before the criminal statute of limitations expired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three officers continue to work in law enforcement. Fisher is a Contra Costa County sheriff’s deputy, while Leahy and McKinley are still at the Alameda Police Department. The two were placed on leave on April 17, after the department was notified of the charges, Alameda Police Chief Nishant Joshi said in a statement on Friday.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"mario-gonzalez"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Joshi, who became chief shortly after the incident, said he was confident in the justice system and pledged to fully cooperate with the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also noted that he had conducted his own “independent review” of the multiple previous investigations — including those done by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office, the Coroner’s Bureau, and the city — and said he “concurred that Alameda police officers did not engage in any misconduct and I stand by that decision today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alison Berry Wilkinson, an attorney who represented the three officers during the previous investigations, blasted the DA’s decision, calling it a blatant act of “political prosecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The District Attorney waited until the 11th hour before the statute of limitations was set to expire to bring these charges just days after it was confirmed she would face recall,” she said in an email statement. “There is no new evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilkinson defended the officers’ actions while taking Gonzalez into custody as “reasonable, necessary, and lawful” and attributed his death to “drug toxicity, not criminal misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are confident a jury will see through this charade and exonerate the officers, just as the two prior independent investigations did,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Oakland civil rights attorney Michael Haddad praised the DA’s decision to file charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These charges are long overdue. They’re not excessive,” Haddad told KQED on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re very appropriate and in fact obvious in this situation. I think that from our work in the civil case, we basically gave the district attorney this case tied up in a bow, just from the records we filed in open court,” he said. “And it’s really clear that a jury should decide whether these officers are criminally responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez, a 26-year-old man from Oakland, was confronted by three police officers in a small Alameda park on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871345/city-of-alameda-releases-police-body-cam-footage-of-mario-gonzalez-death\">morning of April 19, 2021\u003c/a>, after several neighbors called 911 reporting a man behaving erratically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As captured in the nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBJnToNolHw\">hour-long police body camera video\u003c/a>, the interaction began calmly but quickly escalated after the officers made repeated, unsuccessful attempts to obtain Gonzalez’s full name and ID. They then grabbed him without ever accusing him of a crime or placing him under arrest. When Gonzalez resisted, the officers took him to the ground, pinning him on his stomach, with at least one of them pressing an elbow and knee into his back and shoulder as he struggled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officers continued to hold Gonzalez in a prone position, his hands restrained behind his back, for roughly five minutes, at which point he went limp and appeared to stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After officers performed CPR and administered at least two doses of Narcan, a drug used to counteract opiate overdoses, paramedics rushed Gonzalez to Alameda Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident sparked fierce local protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2022 review of the case by then-DA Nancy O’Malley’s office found the officers acted reasonably out of concern that Gonzalez might pose a threat to them, himself and others. O’Malley’s office said the officers had tried to “deescalate” the situation by using “necessary” force but never struck Gonzalez or used any illicit chokeholds or weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An autopsy \u003ca href=\"https://www.alamedaca.gov/files/assets/public/alameda-pio/gonzalez-mario-coroners-investigation.pdf\">performed by the Alameda County coroner (PDF)\u003c/a>, and released nearly eight months after the incident, classified Gonzalez’s death as a homicide, but identified the “toxic effects of methamphetamine” as the leading cause of his fatal cardiac arrest. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Second-autopsy-finds-Mario-Gonzalez-died-of-17131892.php\">subsequent independent autopsy\u003c/a>, requested by attorneys representing Gonzalez’s family, classified the death as a homicide, attributing it to “restraint asphyxiation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Weisberg, law professor and co-director of Stanford University’s Criminal Justice Center, told KQED on Friday it would be a potentially close case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These would be difficult jury questions,” Weisberg said. “First if the restraint even played a significant causal role in his death, and second of course whether the officers displayed gross negligence or recklessness in supplying that excessive pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can imagine a judge saying ‘Yes, I think there’s sufficient evidence,’ from which a jury could conclude that there’s a basis for an involuntary manslaughter charge. But it’s very tough to say whether a jury would come to that conclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the city of Alameda agreed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970180/attorney-for-family-of-mario-gonzalez-calls-11-million-settlement-a-historic-amount\">to pay $11 million to Gonzalez’s 7-year-old son\u003c/a> and $350,000 to his mother to settle a civil rights suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED’s Alex Emslie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983439/alameda-county-da-files-manslaughter-charges-against-police-officers-in-mario-gonzalezs-death","authors":["1263"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_23318","news_29448","news_17725","news_27626","news_29381"],"featImg":"news_11872820","label":"news"},"forum_2010101905441":{"type":"posts","id":"forum_2010101905441","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"forum","id":"2010101905441","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"death-doula-alua-arthur-on-how-and-why-to-prepare-for-the-end","title":"Death Doula Alua Arthur on How and Why to Prepare for the End","publishDate":1713474304,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Death Doula Alua Arthur on How and Why to Prepare for the End | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"forum"},"content":"\u003cp>Alua Arthur is a death doula — someone who helps people prepare logistically, mentally and emotionally for the end of life. There are practical considerations, like memorial planning and medical directives. And then there’s the act of thinking how we’d ideally want to die — outdoors or indoors, surrounded by loved ones, arguments resolved — that shows what’s most important to us and can help us live in alignment with those priorities. Arthur’s new memoir, “Briefly Perfectly Human,” is an account of the relationships she formed with her dying clients and the reflections they shared with her — including regrets in romance and work, their vulnerabilities in a failing body and what brought them authentic joy. We’ll talk to Arthur about how to ease our transitions to death and hear how tending to the dying has shaped her own life and outlook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"We'll talk to Arthur about how to ease our transitions to death and hear how tending to the dying has shaped her own life and outlook.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713555445,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":156},"headData":{"title":"Death Doula Alua Arthur on How and Why to Prepare for the End | KQED","description":"We'll talk to Arthur about how to ease our transitions to death and hear how tending to the dying has shaped her own life and outlook.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Death Doula Alua Arthur on How and Why to Prepare for the End","datePublished":"2024-04-18T21:05:04.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T19:37:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6185751653.mp3?updated=1713555657","airdate":1713546000,"forumGuests":[{"name":"Alua Arthur","bio":"death doula, attorney, and adjunct professor; author, “Briefly Perfectly Human: Making an Authentic Life by Getting Real About the End\"; founder, Going with Grace — a death doula training and end-of-life planning organization"}],"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/forum/2010101905441/death-doula-alua-arthur-on-how-and-why-to-prepare-for-the-end","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Alua Arthur is a death doula — someone who helps people prepare logistically, mentally and emotionally for the end of life. There are practical considerations, like memorial planning and medical directives. And then there’s the act of thinking how we’d ideally want to die — outdoors or indoors, surrounded by loved ones, arguments resolved — that shows what’s most important to us and can help us live in alignment with those priorities. Arthur’s new memoir, “Briefly Perfectly Human,” is an account of the relationships she formed with her dying clients and the reflections they shared with her — including regrets in romance and work, their vulnerabilities in a failing body and what brought them authentic joy. We’ll talk to Arthur about how to ease our transitions to death and hear how tending to the dying has shaped her own life and outlook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/forum/2010101905441/death-doula-alua-arthur-on-how-and-why-to-prepare-for-the-end","authors":["243"],"categories":["forum_165"],"featImg":"forum_2010101905444","label":"forum"},"news_11983313":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983313","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983313","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"after-parole-ice-deported-this-refugee-back-to-a-country-he-never-knew","title":"After Parole, ICE Deported This Refugee Back to a Country He Never Knew","publishDate":1713524452,"format":"standard","headTitle":"After Parole, ICE Deported This Refugee Back to a Country He Never Knew | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>When Phoeun You landed in Phnom Penh in March 2022, he was surprised by how tall the buildings were. “I thought about Cambodia like, man, I’m gonna see cows on the road. Dirt roads and stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was born there, but by the time he returned at almost 50 years old, he was effectively a foreigner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You was an infant when his family fled the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/15/world/asia/khmer-rouge-cambodia-genocide.html\">Cambodian genocide\u003c/a> in 1976. Fifteen of them — siblings, parents, grandma, nieces and nephews — ended up in a refugee camp in Thailand. It was a harrowing but familiar path for the estimated 1 million Cambodians who escaped Pol Pot’s bloody dictatorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You spent the first five years of his life in the refugee camp in Thailand. It wasn’t until later in life that he realized how traumatic those early years were. Small things, like powdered milk, now transport him back there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That smell, that feel of chalk … it took me right back to the refugee camp,” he recently remembered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, the State Department contracted with religious agencies to help resettle the hundreds of thousands of refugees arriving in the U.S. from Southeast Asia. After receiving his green card, Phoeun landed with a Mormon family in northern Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His first memories in the U.S. were of eating tuna fish sandwiches and macaroni and cheese. Everything, including the enormous Wasatch Mountains, felt surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember the first time it snowed,” he said. “It scared the hell out of me. I was like, ‘Man, this is cold. Are we gonna freeze out here?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After life stabilized in Utah, You’s parents moved the family to Long Beach, California. Thanks to a student exchange program at Cal State Long Beach, the city’s Cambodian population had grown since the 1950s. By the time the Khmer Rouge fell in 1979, Long Beach had the largest population of Cambodians outside of Cambodia. In some ways, it felt like home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the move to California also brought unwanted reminders of the country they left behind. Long Beach was a violent place in the 1980s, particularly for Southeast Asian refugees moving into historically Black and Latino neighborhoods. You was bullied at school, and when he was 13, he joined his older brother’s gang for protection. His life spiraled out of control from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995, a gang beat up You and his nephew in a school parking lot. The next day, You fired a shotgun into a crowd of teenagers in retaliation. It killed one of the young men and injured four others. A year later, he was convicted of first-degree murder and given a 35-year-to-life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’s first few years of adulthood began in California’s state prison system, and it was rough. He regularly witnessed fights and stabbings at Salinas Valley State Prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You almost have to stop yourself from being human,” he recalls. “Every time you see blood, the human side of me makes me wanna care. Like, ‘Hey man, I know this is a prison, but are you OK?’ But I can’t do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until You suffered his own loss that he reflected on his crime. The news came through a letter in the mail from an older sister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It] said, ‘Hey, look, we have some news that your sister was murdered.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister had been shot in a parking lot by a jealous boyfriend, according to You. He felt anger but also a strange sense of clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11966564,news_11975246,news_11800255,news_11975904\"]“It dawned on me that this must be how the victim’s family felt when I took their son away from them,” he reflected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a dozen years in California maximum security prisons, You was transferred to San Quentin State Prison. He enrolled in rehabilitation programs, including the intensive Victim Offender Education Group. The early sessions helped him confront the magnitude of his crime and, for the first time, unpack the traumatic life events that led up to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, he started his own program for other Asian American and Pacific Islander inmates at San Quentin to talk about history, war, and how to enter back into society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, after 25 years behind bars, You was up for parole. It was actually his second time presenting his case to the state’s board — the first time, he said, he completely froze up. This time, though, You was ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when he first heard the news of his freedom through a Zoom meeting during the COVID-19 pandemic, You struggled to take it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To finally hear those words just didn’t feel real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that feeling joy didn’t feel right either. “It takes away from the crime I’ve committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately for You, things were about to become much more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Deported to Cambodia\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few days before he was set to be released, he got a visit from a federal official who informed him that U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement had placed a hold on him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although You became eligible for U.S. citizenship when he turned 18, his parents’ hectic home life — with 12 family members rotating in and out of a three-bedroom house — kept them from pursuing an application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When You lost his green card status following the murder conviction, he was no longer a protected refugee. Rather, he was now illegally on U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983321\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983321\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cem>Phoeun \u003c/em>You takes a selfie in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Pheoun You)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The ICE hold meant that federal officials could try to deport him after his release from prison. Instead of walking out of San Quentin, a free man, You was transferred to an immigration detention center in central California where he could choose to appeal his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You said that was a difficult decision. If he fought his case, it would happen from a detention cell in central California — a process that could take years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to weigh it out like, does it matter when the law is already set in stone? Do you prolong your sentence and your stay if you know you’re gonna lose the case anyways?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So You signed his own deportation papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he stepped off the plane in Phnom Penh a few months later, he was accompanied by three ICE agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire experience left him shell-shocked. You didn’t have a job or speak Khmer and had no friends or professional contacts. And he had no proof he was a citizen of any country; documentation of his birth was destroyed during the genocide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, You still had relatives in Cambodia. He spent the first few weeks of his new life in Southeast Asia, reconnecting with his aunt in the Cambodian countryside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hadn’t seen her in nearly 50 years, but she offered to sponsor his Cambodian citizenship application.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>New life in Cambodia\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You’s aunt hooked him up with a third-floor studio on the outskirts of Phnom Penh. After weeks of watching the neighborhood wake up from his balcony — food carts passing by, moms walking their kids to school — he started to feel more settled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other adjustments have come more slowly. Because of the language barrier, You spends a lot of time alone in his apartment. He uses a translator app on his phone to communicate at restaurants or the grocery store, but he’s hesitant to date or make new friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a social person,” he said. “I want to mingle. I want to connect on a deeper level, and I don’t have the words to do that. And it feels really awkward because I can’t express (myself) fully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Phoeun You\"]‘You have to weigh it out like, does it matter when the law is already set in stone? Do you prolong your sentence and your stay if you know you’re gonna lose the case anyways?’[/pullquote]Everywhere he looks, You is reminded that he’s far away from home. Billboards are in different languages. There are no sidewalks or street lamps, and the food stalls still amaze him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People stare at him — which makes him uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They look at me, and it’s like, OK: the tattoos, the shaved head … They’ll notice my accent is a little off. They get the hint like, ‘This guy’s not completely one of us.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Very quickly, You had to start looking for a job in a country where he didn’t speak the language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his last job was more than two decades ago, working at a casino in Las Vegas. With some experience teaching English as a second language to adults at San Quentin, You thought he might land a similar gig in Phnom Penh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was applying for a good four months,” he said — pursuing around 20 different positions — but he kept getting turned down. “I was like, ‘Man, what is going on?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You wasn’t sure, but he had a sinking feeling that his criminal record in the U.S. followed him to Cambodia. He said most hiring managers didn’t know about his conviction right away, but when interviewers asked him what a working-aged man from the U.S. was doing in Phnom Penh, You felt like they were piecing things together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You spent months worrying he’d never get back on his feet. But finally, he broke through. In October 2023, he landed a job teaching English at an international school in Phnom Penh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the work is exhausting: He teaches five grade levels and isn’t paid much. But he said it’s helping him find purpose again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, he assigned his ninth-grade students to interview their parents. He said it’s sometimes difficult for Cambodians to communicate on a deeper level with their parents, so his goal is for them to get to know themselves better by learning about their family’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think of my own past, growing up,” he said. “I didn’t know my parents enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You laments the lack of love and connection he felt at home as a kid. Part of him feels like life might have been different otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t change the past, but he said that teaching helps him reflect on his childhood and look forward to a future with a family of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Phoeun You knows what it’s like to be a refugee in the United States, serve prison time for a violent crime, and be deported to a country he never knew. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713562501,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":53,"wordCount":1850},"headData":{"title":"After Parole, ICE Deported This Refugee Back to a Country He Never Knew | KQED","description":"Phoeun You knows what it’s like to be a refugee in the United States, serve prison time for a violent crime, and be deported to a country he never knew. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"After Parole, ICE Deported This Refugee Back to a Country He Never Knew","datePublished":"2024-04-19T11:00:52.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T21:35:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2374918807.mp3?updated=1713372438","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Mateo Schimpf","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983313/after-parole-ice-deported-this-refugee-back-to-a-country-he-never-knew","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Phoeun You landed in Phnom Penh in March 2022, he was surprised by how tall the buildings were. “I thought about Cambodia like, man, I’m gonna see cows on the road. Dirt roads and stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was born there, but by the time he returned at almost 50 years old, he was effectively a foreigner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You was an infant when his family fled the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/15/world/asia/khmer-rouge-cambodia-genocide.html\">Cambodian genocide\u003c/a> in 1976. Fifteen of them — siblings, parents, grandma, nieces and nephews — ended up in a refugee camp in Thailand. It was a harrowing but familiar path for the estimated 1 million Cambodians who escaped Pol Pot’s bloody dictatorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You spent the first five years of his life in the refugee camp in Thailand. It wasn’t until later in life that he realized how traumatic those early years were. Small things, like powdered milk, now transport him back there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That smell, that feel of chalk … it took me right back to the refugee camp,” he recently remembered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, the State Department contracted with religious agencies to help resettle the hundreds of thousands of refugees arriving in the U.S. from Southeast Asia. After receiving his green card, Phoeun landed with a Mormon family in northern Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His first memories in the U.S. were of eating tuna fish sandwiches and macaroni and cheese. Everything, including the enormous Wasatch Mountains, felt surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember the first time it snowed,” he said. “It scared the hell out of me. I was like, ‘Man, this is cold. Are we gonna freeze out here?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After life stabilized in Utah, You’s parents moved the family to Long Beach, California. Thanks to a student exchange program at Cal State Long Beach, the city’s Cambodian population had grown since the 1950s. By the time the Khmer Rouge fell in 1979, Long Beach had the largest population of Cambodians outside of Cambodia. In some ways, it felt like home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the move to California also brought unwanted reminders of the country they left behind. Long Beach was a violent place in the 1980s, particularly for Southeast Asian refugees moving into historically Black and Latino neighborhoods. You was bullied at school, and when he was 13, he joined his older brother’s gang for protection. His life spiraled out of control from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995, a gang beat up You and his nephew in a school parking lot. The next day, You fired a shotgun into a crowd of teenagers in retaliation. It killed one of the young men and injured four others. A year later, he was convicted of first-degree murder and given a 35-year-to-life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’s first few years of adulthood began in California’s state prison system, and it was rough. He regularly witnessed fights and stabbings at Salinas Valley State Prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You almost have to stop yourself from being human,” he recalls. “Every time you see blood, the human side of me makes me wanna care. Like, ‘Hey man, I know this is a prison, but are you OK?’ But I can’t do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until You suffered his own loss that he reflected on his crime. The news came through a letter in the mail from an older sister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It] said, ‘Hey, look, we have some news that your sister was murdered.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister had been shot in a parking lot by a jealous boyfriend, according to You. He felt anger but also a strange sense of clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11966564,news_11975246,news_11800255,news_11975904"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It dawned on me that this must be how the victim’s family felt when I took their son away from them,” he reflected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a dozen years in California maximum security prisons, You was transferred to San Quentin State Prison. He enrolled in rehabilitation programs, including the intensive Victim Offender Education Group. The early sessions helped him confront the magnitude of his crime and, for the first time, unpack the traumatic life events that led up to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, he started his own program for other Asian American and Pacific Islander inmates at San Quentin to talk about history, war, and how to enter back into society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, after 25 years behind bars, You was up for parole. It was actually his second time presenting his case to the state’s board — the first time, he said, he completely froze up. This time, though, You was ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when he first heard the news of his freedom through a Zoom meeting during the COVID-19 pandemic, You struggled to take it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To finally hear those words just didn’t feel real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that feeling joy didn’t feel right either. “It takes away from the crime I’ve committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately for You, things were about to become much more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Deported to Cambodia\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few days before he was set to be released, he got a visit from a federal official who informed him that U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement had placed a hold on him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although You became eligible for U.S. citizenship when he turned 18, his parents’ hectic home life — with 12 family members rotating in and out of a three-bedroom house — kept them from pursuing an application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When You lost his green card status following the murder conviction, he was no longer a protected refugee. Rather, he was now illegally on U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983321\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983321\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG-20240413-WA0014-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cem>Phoeun \u003c/em>You takes a selfie in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Pheoun You)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The ICE hold meant that federal officials could try to deport him after his release from prison. Instead of walking out of San Quentin, a free man, You was transferred to an immigration detention center in central California where he could choose to appeal his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You said that was a difficult decision. If he fought his case, it would happen from a detention cell in central California — a process that could take years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to weigh it out like, does it matter when the law is already set in stone? Do you prolong your sentence and your stay if you know you’re gonna lose the case anyways?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So You signed his own deportation papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he stepped off the plane in Phnom Penh a few months later, he was accompanied by three ICE agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire experience left him shell-shocked. You didn’t have a job or speak Khmer and had no friends or professional contacts. And he had no proof he was a citizen of any country; documentation of his birth was destroyed during the genocide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, You still had relatives in Cambodia. He spent the first few weeks of his new life in Southeast Asia, reconnecting with his aunt in the Cambodian countryside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hadn’t seen her in nearly 50 years, but she offered to sponsor his Cambodian citizenship application.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>New life in Cambodia\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You’s aunt hooked him up with a third-floor studio on the outskirts of Phnom Penh. After weeks of watching the neighborhood wake up from his balcony — food carts passing by, moms walking their kids to school — he started to feel more settled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other adjustments have come more slowly. Because of the language barrier, You spends a lot of time alone in his apartment. He uses a translator app on his phone to communicate at restaurants or the grocery store, but he’s hesitant to date or make new friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a social person,” he said. “I want to mingle. I want to connect on a deeper level, and I don’t have the words to do that. And it feels really awkward because I can’t express (myself) fully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘You have to weigh it out like, does it matter when the law is already set in stone? Do you prolong your sentence and your stay if you know you’re gonna lose the case anyways?’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Phoeun You","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Everywhere he looks, You is reminded that he’s far away from home. Billboards are in different languages. There are no sidewalks or street lamps, and the food stalls still amaze him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People stare at him — which makes him uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They look at me, and it’s like, OK: the tattoos, the shaved head … They’ll notice my accent is a little off. They get the hint like, ‘This guy’s not completely one of us.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Very quickly, You had to start looking for a job in a country where he didn’t speak the language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his last job was more than two decades ago, working at a casino in Las Vegas. With some experience teaching English as a second language to adults at San Quentin, You thought he might land a similar gig in Phnom Penh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was applying for a good four months,” he said — pursuing around 20 different positions — but he kept getting turned down. “I was like, ‘Man, what is going on?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You wasn’t sure, but he had a sinking feeling that his criminal record in the U.S. followed him to Cambodia. He said most hiring managers didn’t know about his conviction right away, but when interviewers asked him what a working-aged man from the U.S. was doing in Phnom Penh, You felt like they were piecing things together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You spent months worrying he’d never get back on his feet. But finally, he broke through. In October 2023, he landed a job teaching English at an international school in Phnom Penh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the work is exhausting: He teaches five grade levels and isn’t paid much. But he said it’s helping him find purpose again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, he assigned his ninth-grade students to interview their parents. He said it’s sometimes difficult for Cambodians to communicate on a deeper level with their parents, so his goal is for them to get to know themselves better by learning about their family’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think of my own past, growing up,” he said. “I didn’t know my parents enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You laments the lack of love and connection he felt at home as a kid. Part of him feels like life might have been different otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t change the past, but he said that teaching helps him reflect on his childhood and look forward to a future with a family of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983313/after-parole-ice-deported-this-refugee-back-to-a-country-he-never-knew","authors":["byline_news_11983313"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_1169","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_17725","news_18123","news_27626","news_21027","news_20202","news_20463"],"featImg":"news_11983320","label":"news_26731"},"news_11983323":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983323","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983323","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"despite-progress-black-californians-still-face-major-challenges-in-closing-equality-gap","title":"Despite Progress, Black Californians Still Face Major Challenges In Closing Equality Gap","publishDate":1713450378,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Despite Progress, Black Californians Still Face Major Challenges In Closing Equality Gap | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Study Looks At Quality Of Life Improvements, Challenges Facing Black Californians\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s a new study out that takes a demographic and socioeconomic snapshot of African-Americans in the Golden State. It’s called the state of Black California. Despite gains in the quality of life for Black Californians over a 20-year period, the study found that racial inequality continues to persist compared to other racial and ethnic groups.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Michael Stoll, Professor of Public Policy, UCLA\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Autonomous Taxi Bill Advances In Sacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A bill that would give California cities and counties the ability to regulate robotaxi services has passed its first test in the Legislature – despite doubts expressed by some lawmakers. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reporter: Dan Brekke, KQED \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713452062,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":124},"headData":{"title":"Despite Progress, Black Californians Still Face Major Challenges In Closing Equality Gap | KQED","description":"Study Looks At Quality Of Life Improvements, Challenges Facing Black Californians There’s a new study out that takes a demographic and socioeconomic snapshot of African-Americans in the Golden State. It’s called the state of Black California. Despite gains in the quality of life for Black Californians over a 20-year period, the study found that racial inequality continues to persist compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Guest: Michael Stoll, Professor of Public Policy, UCLA Autonomous Taxi Bill Advances In Sacramento A bill that would give California cities and counties the ability to regulate robotaxi services has passed its first test","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Despite Progress, Black Californians Still Face Major Challenges In Closing Equality Gap","datePublished":"2024-04-18T14:26:18.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-18T14:54:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Morning Report","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrarchive/","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2484021200.mp3?updated=1713452252","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983323/despite-progress-black-californians-still-face-major-challenges-in-closing-equality-gap","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Study Looks At Quality Of Life Improvements, Challenges Facing Black Californians\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s a new study out that takes a demographic and socioeconomic snapshot of African-Americans in the Golden State. It’s called the state of Black California. Despite gains in the quality of life for Black Californians over a 20-year period, the study found that racial inequality continues to persist compared to other racial and ethnic groups.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Michael Stoll, Professor of Public Policy, UCLA\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Autonomous Taxi Bill Advances In Sacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A bill that would give California cities and counties the ability to regulate robotaxi services has passed its first test in the Legislature – despite doubts expressed by some lawmakers. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reporter: Dan Brekke, KQED \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983323/despite-progress-black-californians-still-face-major-challenges-in-closing-equality-gap","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_21291"],"tags":["news_21998","news_21268"],"featImg":"news_11983324","label":"source_news_11983323"},"news_11983361":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983361","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983361","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-residents-to-join-gaza-aid-flotilla","title":"Gaza Aid Flotilla to Include Bay Area Residents","publishDate":1713470405,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Gaza Aid Flotilla to Include Bay Area Residents | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Three Bay Area residents arrived in Istanbul, Turkey, on Thursday to join the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, an international aid group that said it would attempt to break through Israel’s naval blockade to deliver 5,500 tons of humanitarian aid to Gaza by sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition has embarked on dozens of missions to deliver aid to Gaza since Israel imposed a near-total blockade on the territory in 2007. This latest mission, however, comes as more than 1 million people in Gaza endure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ipcinfo.org/ipcinfo-website/alerts-archive/issue-97/en/\">catastrophic food insecurity\u003c/a>.” Members of the UN Security Council recently \u003ca href=\"https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15658.doc.htm\">reiterated concerns over imminent famine in Gaza\u003c/a> and called for “the immediate lifting of all barriers to the delivery of humanitarian aid at scale to the civilian population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to one of the activists from the Bay Area before he left for Turkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an emergency mission,” said Carlos Michaud, an Oakland resident who decided to join the coalition earlier this month. “Mass starvation is imminent if aid isn’t delivered immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flotilla is expected to comprise at least three vessels, including a cargo ship carrying most of the aid and two passenger ships. Several hundred people from dozens of countries plan to join the mission, many arriving in Istanbul this week. A press conference to announce more details of the trip is scheduled for Friday in a shipyard near Istanbul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the purpose of the trip is to bring international attention to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, Michaud said. And though the goal is to deliver food, medicine and ambulances — he said it’s unlikely they will make it past Israel’s naval blockade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no guarantee of any of this, including that the Israeli occupation forces will not become violent when we reach the naval blockade,” he said. “But we are unarmed peace activists and legal observers and journalists that will be publicizing that we are coming through on a peaceful aid mission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, the Israeli Navy \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/31/israeli-attacks-gaza-flotilla-activists\">raided the six ships of a flotilla aid mission to Gaza while it was in international waters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jun/04/gaza-flotilla-activists-autopsy-results\">The raid killed nine flotilla activists\u003c/a>, and another died after four years in a coma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are fully aware of the dangers that we’re going into,” Michaud said. “This is by no means a suicide mission, but we are opting into a dangerous situation because we know that the unaccountable Israeli government is more accountable to what happens to us than to Palestinians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaud said the international outcry among Western media and politicians over \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11981650/world-central-kitchen-has-fed-crisis-zones-for-years-including-in-california\">Israel’s killing of seven World Central Kitchen workers in Gaza earlier this month\u003c/a> shows “that some lives are more valuable than others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that [this mission] is our duty because our lives are more valued by the current power paradigm,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='gaza']Huwaida Arraf, an organizer of the Freedom Flotilla Coalition and a co-founder of the International Solidarity Movement, spoke to KQED from Istanbul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are demanding safe passage to Gaza,” Arraf said. “What we need is to be able to reach Gaza and deliver the aid to the people of Gaza. That is what we need. And that is what we are demanding that our governments help ensure, but we don’t know what Israel will do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arraf has been on eight flotilla missions bound for Gaza, but this will be her first as a mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a mother of two elementary school children. The world that I want to pass on to them compels me to do what I’m doing despite the risks,” she said. “Our governments need to be doing this; our governments need to be forcing Israel to stop slaughtering and starving the Palestinian people — but they are not, and that compels civilians to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/04/04/readout-of-president-joe-bidens-call-with-prime-minister-netanyahu-of-israel-3/\">President Joe Biden told Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu\u003c/a> by phone that “the strikes on humanitarian workers and the overall humanitarian situation are unacceptable.” Since Oct. 7, the U.S. has approved more than 100 separate military sales to Israel, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2024/03/06/us-weapons-israel-gaza/\">according to \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israeli bombardment of Gaza since Oct. 7 has left more than 30,000 people dead and more than 75,000 wounded, according to local health authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are fighting, not only to save people’s lives but also for a world in which this is never allowed to happen,” Arraf said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Three Bay Area residents will join a multi-vessel attempt by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition to break Israel's naval blockade of Gaza, aiming to transport 5,500 tons of humanitarian aid.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713481945,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":778},"headData":{"title":"Gaza Aid Flotilla to Include Bay Area Residents | KQED","description":"Three Bay Area residents will join a multi-vessel attempt by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition to break Israel's naval blockade of Gaza, aiming to transport 5,500 tons of humanitarian aid.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Gaza Aid Flotilla to Include Bay Area Residents","datePublished":"2024-04-18T20:00:05.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-18T23:12:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983361/bay-area-residents-to-join-gaza-aid-flotilla","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three Bay Area residents arrived in Istanbul, Turkey, on Thursday to join the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, an international aid group that said it would attempt to break through Israel’s naval blockade to deliver 5,500 tons of humanitarian aid to Gaza by sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition has embarked on dozens of missions to deliver aid to Gaza since Israel imposed a near-total blockade on the territory in 2007. This latest mission, however, comes as more than 1 million people in Gaza endure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ipcinfo.org/ipcinfo-website/alerts-archive/issue-97/en/\">catastrophic food insecurity\u003c/a>.” Members of the UN Security Council recently \u003ca href=\"https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15658.doc.htm\">reiterated concerns over imminent famine in Gaza\u003c/a> and called for “the immediate lifting of all barriers to the delivery of humanitarian aid at scale to the civilian population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to one of the activists from the Bay Area before he left for Turkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an emergency mission,” said Carlos Michaud, an Oakland resident who decided to join the coalition earlier this month. “Mass starvation is imminent if aid isn’t delivered immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flotilla is expected to comprise at least three vessels, including a cargo ship carrying most of the aid and two passenger ships. Several hundred people from dozens of countries plan to join the mission, many arriving in Istanbul this week. A press conference to announce more details of the trip is scheduled for Friday in a shipyard near Istanbul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the purpose of the trip is to bring international attention to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, Michaud said. And though the goal is to deliver food, medicine and ambulances — he said it’s unlikely they will make it past Israel’s naval blockade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no guarantee of any of this, including that the Israeli occupation forces will not become violent when we reach the naval blockade,” he said. “But we are unarmed peace activists and legal observers and journalists that will be publicizing that we are coming through on a peaceful aid mission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, the Israeli Navy \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/31/israeli-attacks-gaza-flotilla-activists\">raided the six ships of a flotilla aid mission to Gaza while it was in international waters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jun/04/gaza-flotilla-activists-autopsy-results\">The raid killed nine flotilla activists\u003c/a>, and another died after four years in a coma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are fully aware of the dangers that we’re going into,” Michaud said. “This is by no means a suicide mission, but we are opting into a dangerous situation because we know that the unaccountable Israeli government is more accountable to what happens to us than to Palestinians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaud said the international outcry among Western media and politicians over \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11981650/world-central-kitchen-has-fed-crisis-zones-for-years-including-in-california\">Israel’s killing of seven World Central Kitchen workers in Gaza earlier this month\u003c/a> shows “that some lives are more valuable than others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that [this mission] is our duty because our lives are more valued by the current power paradigm,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"gaza"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Huwaida Arraf, an organizer of the Freedom Flotilla Coalition and a co-founder of the International Solidarity Movement, spoke to KQED from Istanbul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are demanding safe passage to Gaza,” Arraf said. “What we need is to be able to reach Gaza and deliver the aid to the people of Gaza. That is what we need. And that is what we are demanding that our governments help ensure, but we don’t know what Israel will do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arraf has been on eight flotilla missions bound for Gaza, but this will be her first as a mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a mother of two elementary school children. The world that I want to pass on to them compels me to do what I’m doing despite the risks,” she said. “Our governments need to be doing this; our governments need to be forcing Israel to stop slaughtering and starving the Palestinian people — but they are not, and that compels civilians to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/04/04/readout-of-president-joe-bidens-call-with-prime-minister-netanyahu-of-israel-3/\">President Joe Biden told Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu\u003c/a> by phone that “the strikes on humanitarian workers and the overall humanitarian situation are unacceptable.” Since Oct. 7, the U.S. has approved more than 100 separate military sales to Israel, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2024/03/06/us-weapons-israel-gaza/\">according to \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israeli bombardment of Gaza since Oct. 7 has left more than 30,000 people dead and more than 75,000 wounded, according to local health authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are fighting, not only to save people’s lives but also for a world in which this is never allowed to happen,” Arraf said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983361/bay-area-residents-to-join-gaza-aid-flotilla","authors":["11896"],"categories":["news_31795","news_28250","news_8"],"tags":["news_6631"],"featImg":"news_11983282","label":"news"},"news_11983231":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983231","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983231","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-the-cannabis-industry-has-changed","title":"SF’s Equity Program Fails to Address Racial Disparities in Cannabis Industry","publishDate":1713438040,"format":"standard","headTitle":"SF’s Equity Program Fails to Address Racial Disparities in Cannabis Industry | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Mimi Cavalheiro was in the cannabis industry for over 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started working on cannabis farms in Humboldt County in the late 1990s. The county is part of the coastal region in Northern California known as The Emerald Triangle and includes Trinity and Mendocino counties. It was the center of cannabis production in the United States before recreational marijuana was legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers who planted marijuana alongside other crops on their land for decades taught Cavalheiro their tricks for growing high-quality cannabis. In 2004, she moved to San Francisco and started her own business, selling products to medical dispensaries under Proposition 215.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ramon Garcia, cannabis entrepreneur\"]‘You’re taking impacted people that may not have gotten through high school or even college or been arrested, and you’re expecting them to run a highly restrictive, highly regulated business.’[/pullquote]“Man, I miss 215,” she said, laughing as we walked through the historic home of Dennis Peron, widely considered the father of medical marijuana in California. The house, known as the Castro Castle, is an archive of cannabis and AIDS activism in San Francisco in the 1980s and 90s. The walls are plastered with newspaper cut-outs, framed protest photos, and Proposition 215 posters, pins and T-shirts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peron co-authored the proposition, a state law that allowed people to possess and cultivate marijuana for personal medical use with a doctor’s recommendation. Peron was a staunch advocate for medicinal marijuana because he saw how it eased the pain of AIDS patients as the epidemic swept through San Francisco in the 1980s. His partner, Jonathan West, died from complications of the disease in 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, which passed in 1996, was expanded to protect growers like Cavalheiro, who were producing and selling modest amounts of marijuana. Two decades later, Proposition 64 legalized adult recreational use of cannabis in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco created an equity program in 2018 that aimed to help Black and brown people, who were disproportionately arrested and imprisoned during the so-called War on Drugs, enter the industry. In six years, hundreds have been verified as candidates for the program, but only a few dozen equity operators have active businesses in the city. Cavalheiro, a Mexican and Brazilian woman in her late 40s, isn’t one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976904\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976904\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A hand holds papers and a green folder with writing on the front.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro looks through paperwork related to the cannabis equity program at Mission Cannabis Club in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cavalheiro and other Black and brown cannabis business owners interviewed by KQED said they feel that the equity program has failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never had this huge operation, and I wasn’t making millions of dollars, but I could support myself, and I lived a nice life,” said Cavalheiro, a single mother. “I don’t have a college degree. I could have easily been on food stamps. I was able to support myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legalization shuttered Cavalheiro’s business because she needed a permit to grow cannabis. And new regulations meant she couldn’t sell directly to the dispensary owners she had decadeslong relationships with. The legal market was quickly saturated by operators from outside California and speculative venture capitalists.[aside postID=\"news_11820721,news_11719852,news_11981277\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legalization was met with a rush of excitement, but seven years later, California’s cannabis industry is struggling economically. According to data released in February by the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration, \u003ca href=\"https://cdtfa.ca.gov/dataportal/dataset.htm?url=CannabisTaxRevenues\">sales at dispensaries in the state were down for the second consecutive year\u003c/a> as consumers, who buy tax-free weed products from illicit dealers and stores, continue to undermine the legal market. The price of cannabis has plummeted, and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\">some cannabis cultivators in the Emerald Triangle are broke and starving\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two weeks ago, San Francisco canceled its annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980820/san-franciscos-annual-420-celebration-on-hippie-hill-canceled-for-2024\">420 celebration at Hippie Hill\u003c/a>, a city-supported event since legalization, in part because of the industry’s financial problems. David Downs, a cannabis journalist and creator of \u003ca href=\"https://sfweedweek.com/\">SF Weed Week\u003c/a>, which runs through Friday, told KQED that industry revenues have plateaued at around $5 billion and profit margins remain thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival has historically brought hazy skies and crowds of up to 20,000 to share joints and dance to DJ sets in Golden Gate Park. This year will be the first time in decades that San Francisco has no formal event. Local equity cannabis entrepreneurs don’t feel like there’s much to celebrate anyway because they bear the brunt of the industry’s downturn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramon Garcia, a cannabis entrepreneur, advocated for Oakland’s first-in-the-nation cannabis equity program in 2017 and the similar one developed in San Francisco the following year. San Francisco’s program provides priority permitting, application fee waivers, industry partnerships and technical support to people who qualify. Garcia said the city hasn’t provided enough resources, such as business education and money for startup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re taking impacted people that may not have gotten through high school or even college or been arrested, and you’re expecting them to run a highly restrictive, highly regulated business,” said Garcia, the former equity chair of the California Grower’s Association. “You’re admitting to the fact that you did this damage and giving them the licenses, but you’re not giving them any resources to actually be able to service it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Lily Moser, a communications and legislative analyst for the city administrator’s office, more than 450 people have been verified as equity applicants, and 150 have submitted at least one business permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of March, just 45 equity-owned cannabis businesses were operating in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976905\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a green bomber jacket sits down in a booth.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro (left) speaks with Peter Maggs, general manager at Mission Cannabis Club, at the dispensary in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ivan Castro, who started selling weed to classmates and neighbors in the Mission as a teenager, owns one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro, 47, was working in internet sales when he learned he could qualify for the San Francisco equity program. He was still selling weed as a side hustle, and Castro saw it as an opportunity to pair his marketing skills with his cannabis knowledge. He went through the verification process, digging up a lease for his childhood home, foreclosure documents and an old arrest record for marijuana possession to qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He applied for a retail permit to open a dispensary. It is stalled in the permitting queue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A review of cannabis in San Francisco since legalization by the City Services Auditor found that the average waiting time for approval of an equity cannabis business permit was between \u003ca href=\"https://sfcontroller.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Auditing/Cannabis%20in%20San%20Francisco_A%20Review%20Following%20Adult-Use%20Legalization_FINAL%20REPORT.pdf\">18 and 24 months\u003c/a>. Castro, who submitted his dispensary permit in 2019, said it still hasn’t been reviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the current wait time for equity applications, the businesses most likely to survive to market will be from the more well-resourced applicants, including businesses that sold partial ownership to investors,” the review concluded. “Applications from individuals such as sole proprietors with little outside investment will be less likely to survive [to get their product] to market due to the capital needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To apply for a permit, applicants must have an existing lease on the space where they will operate. According to Castro, rent is about $40,000 a month, and he hopes to open a dispensary in the South of Market neighborhood. As the City Services Auditor review noted, San Francisco does not provide direct capital assistance to equity applicants other than waiving application and permit fees. Castro couldn’t afford the rent, so he used one of the equity program’s pillars, incubation, to secure a lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incubator initiative pairs equity and non-equity cannabis operators. The non-equity partner pays for the equity partner’s working space for at least three years. In exchange, both get priority permitting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro’s lease with his incubator was supposed to continue until 2027, according to a lease document reviewed by KQED. But in May 2023, the company determined that the rent on the building was too high to keep paying without a permit, so it stopped, according to Castro. When his permit is finally reviewed, an active lease won’t be attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt='A man wearing a green bomber jacket holds a packet that says \"SyncSF.\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro holds SyncSF cannabis flower at Mission Cannabis Club in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without the dispensary permit, Castro pivoted and started \u003ca href=\"https://www.getinsyncsf.com/\">SyncSF\u003c/a>, a manufacturing business. Getting SyncSF products to consumers is difficult. His brand is only on shelves at six of the roughly 80 dispensaries in San Francisco and isn’t available for delivery in the city on Eaze or Weedmaps, two of the major online cannabis delivery platforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Proposition 215, Castro would grow, package and deliver his weed to dispensaries, which paid him directly. As a manufacturer under Proposition 64, he can only manufacture cannabis products. Cultivating, transporting and selling weed requires different permits, so Castro has to contract with other operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transactions between cultivators, manufacturers and retailers cut into profits. For this reason, some large operators have several permits, but most small equity operators don’t have the financial backing to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most successful cannabis businesses are more vertically integrated — those are the only ones that are going to survive,” Cavalheiro said. “But you have to have a lot of capital and a lot of people to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavalheiro worked in business relations after legalization, helping cannabis producers from Humboldt connect to the Bay Area market. She’s also worked for companies trying to bridge the gap between cultivators, manufacturers and retailers within the disjointed legal market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was a retail relations manager for Buyers Club SF, a now-defunct cannabis showroom and event space. She lost her job at Buyers Club when the company went bankrupt last year. Cavalheiro hasn’t been able to find a similar position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Proposition 64 passed in 2016, she had a newborn and didn’t have time — or money — to get a new business off the ground. Looking at the current market, she said there’s no way she’d pursue a cannabis license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have friends who have done it, and five years later, they’re just empty-handed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, she’s looking for steady work outside the cannabis world, taking temporary jobs wherever she can while studying for the insurance license exam. She enrolled in food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a daughter I need to feed and bills I need to pay,” she said. “If I can’t even do that, it might just be time to switch gears completely.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"San Francisco’s 2018 equity program aimed to help Black and brown people impacted by the so-called War on Drugs enter the industry. But in six years, only a few dozen equity operators have active businesses in the city.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713397033,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":37,"wordCount":1828},"headData":{"title":"SF’s Equity Program Fails to Address Racial Disparities in Cannabis Industry | KQED","description":"San Francisco’s 2018 equity program aimed to help Black and brown people impacted by the so-called War on Drugs enter the industry. But in six years, only a few dozen equity operators have active businesses in the city.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"SF’s Equity Program Fails to Address Racial Disparities in Cannabis Industry","datePublished":"2024-04-18T11:00:40.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-17T23:37:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Katie DeBenedetti","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983231/how-the-cannabis-industry-has-changed","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mimi Cavalheiro was in the cannabis industry for over 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started working on cannabis farms in Humboldt County in the late 1990s. The county is part of the coastal region in Northern California known as The Emerald Triangle and includes Trinity and Mendocino counties. It was the center of cannabis production in the United States before recreational marijuana was legalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers who planted marijuana alongside other crops on their land for decades taught Cavalheiro their tricks for growing high-quality cannabis. In 2004, she moved to San Francisco and started her own business, selling products to medical dispensaries under Proposition 215.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘You’re taking impacted people that may not have gotten through high school or even college or been arrested, and you’re expecting them to run a highly restrictive, highly regulated business.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Ramon Garcia, cannabis entrepreneur","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Man, I miss 215,” she said, laughing as we walked through the historic home of Dennis Peron, widely considered the father of medical marijuana in California. The house, known as the Castro Castle, is an archive of cannabis and AIDS activism in San Francisco in the 1980s and 90s. The walls are plastered with newspaper cut-outs, framed protest photos, and Proposition 215 posters, pins and T-shirts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peron co-authored the proposition, a state law that allowed people to possess and cultivate marijuana for personal medical use with a doctor’s recommendation. Peron was a staunch advocate for medicinal marijuana because he saw how it eased the pain of AIDS patients as the epidemic swept through San Francisco in the 1980s. His partner, Jonathan West, died from complications of the disease in 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, which passed in 1996, was expanded to protect growers like Cavalheiro, who were producing and selling modest amounts of marijuana. Two decades later, Proposition 64 legalized adult recreational use of cannabis in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco created an equity program in 2018 that aimed to help Black and brown people, who were disproportionately arrested and imprisoned during the so-called War on Drugs, enter the industry. In six years, hundreds have been verified as candidates for the program, but only a few dozen equity operators have active businesses in the city. Cavalheiro, a Mexican and Brazilian woman in her late 40s, isn’t one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976904\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976904\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A hand holds papers and a green folder with writing on the front.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-05-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro looks through paperwork related to the cannabis equity program at Mission Cannabis Club in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cavalheiro and other Black and brown cannabis business owners interviewed by KQED said they feel that the equity program has failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never had this huge operation, and I wasn’t making millions of dollars, but I could support myself, and I lived a nice life,” said Cavalheiro, a single mother. “I don’t have a college degree. I could have easily been on food stamps. I was able to support myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legalization shuttered Cavalheiro’s business because she needed a permit to grow cannabis. And new regulations meant she couldn’t sell directly to the dispensary owners she had decadeslong relationships with. The legal market was quickly saturated by operators from outside California and speculative venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11820721,news_11719852,news_11981277","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legalization was met with a rush of excitement, but seven years later, California’s cannabis industry is struggling economically. According to data released in February by the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration, \u003ca href=\"https://cdtfa.ca.gov/dataportal/dataset.htm?url=CannabisTaxRevenues\">sales at dispensaries in the state were down for the second consecutive year\u003c/a> as consumers, who buy tax-free weed products from illicit dealers and stores, continue to undermine the legal market. The price of cannabis has plummeted, and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/02/emerald-triangle-cannabis-communities/\">some cannabis cultivators in the Emerald Triangle are broke and starving\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two weeks ago, San Francisco canceled its annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980820/san-franciscos-annual-420-celebration-on-hippie-hill-canceled-for-2024\">420 celebration at Hippie Hill\u003c/a>, a city-supported event since legalization, in part because of the industry’s financial problems. David Downs, a cannabis journalist and creator of \u003ca href=\"https://sfweedweek.com/\">SF Weed Week\u003c/a>, which runs through Friday, told KQED that industry revenues have plateaued at around $5 billion and profit margins remain thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival has historically brought hazy skies and crowds of up to 20,000 to share joints and dance to DJ sets in Golden Gate Park. This year will be the first time in decades that San Francisco has no formal event. Local equity cannabis entrepreneurs don’t feel like there’s much to celebrate anyway because they bear the brunt of the industry’s downturn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramon Garcia, a cannabis entrepreneur, advocated for Oakland’s first-in-the-nation cannabis equity program in 2017 and the similar one developed in San Francisco the following year. San Francisco’s program provides priority permitting, application fee waivers, industry partnerships and technical support to people who qualify. Garcia said the city hasn’t provided enough resources, such as business education and money for startup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re taking impacted people that may not have gotten through high school or even college or been arrested, and you’re expecting them to run a highly restrictive, highly regulated business,” said Garcia, the former equity chair of the California Grower’s Association. “You’re admitting to the fact that you did this damage and giving them the licenses, but you’re not giving them any resources to actually be able to service it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Lily Moser, a communications and legislative analyst for the city administrator’s office, more than 450 people have been verified as equity applicants, and 150 have submitted at least one business permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of March, just 45 equity-owned cannabis businesses were operating in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976905\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a green bomber jacket sits down in a booth.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-17-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro (left) speaks with Peter Maggs, general manager at Mission Cannabis Club, at the dispensary in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ivan Castro, who started selling weed to classmates and neighbors in the Mission as a teenager, owns one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro, 47, was working in internet sales when he learned he could qualify for the San Francisco equity program. He was still selling weed as a side hustle, and Castro saw it as an opportunity to pair his marketing skills with his cannabis knowledge. He went through the verification process, digging up a lease for his childhood home, foreclosure documents and an old arrest record for marijuana possession to qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He applied for a retail permit to open a dispensary. It is stalled in the permitting queue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A review of cannabis in San Francisco since legalization by the City Services Auditor found that the average waiting time for approval of an equity cannabis business permit was between \u003ca href=\"https://sfcontroller.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Auditing/Cannabis%20in%20San%20Francisco_A%20Review%20Following%20Adult-Use%20Legalization_FINAL%20REPORT.pdf\">18 and 24 months\u003c/a>. Castro, who submitted his dispensary permit in 2019, said it still hasn’t been reviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the current wait time for equity applications, the businesses most likely to survive to market will be from the more well-resourced applicants, including businesses that sold partial ownership to investors,” the review concluded. “Applications from individuals such as sole proprietors with little outside investment will be less likely to survive [to get their product] to market due to the capital needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To apply for a permit, applicants must have an existing lease on the space where they will operate. According to Castro, rent is about $40,000 a month, and he hopes to open a dispensary in the South of Market neighborhood. As the City Services Auditor review noted, San Francisco does not provide direct capital assistance to equity applicants other than waiving application and permit fees. Castro couldn’t afford the rent, so he used one of the equity program’s pillars, incubation, to secure a lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incubator initiative pairs equity and non-equity cannabis operators. The non-equity partner pays for the equity partner’s working space for at least three years. In exchange, both get priority permitting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro’s lease with his incubator was supposed to continue until 2027, according to a lease document reviewed by KQED. But in May 2023, the company determined that the rent on the building was too high to keep paying without a permit, so it stopped, according to Castro. When his permit is finally reviewed, an active lease won’t be attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt='A man wearing a green bomber jacket holds a packet that says \"SyncSF.\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240222-CANNABISEQUITY-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ivan Castro holds SyncSF cannabis flower at Mission Cannabis Club in San Francisco on Feb. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without the dispensary permit, Castro pivoted and started \u003ca href=\"https://www.getinsyncsf.com/\">SyncSF\u003c/a>, a manufacturing business. Getting SyncSF products to consumers is difficult. His brand is only on shelves at six of the roughly 80 dispensaries in San Francisco and isn’t available for delivery in the city on Eaze or Weedmaps, two of the major online cannabis delivery platforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Proposition 215, Castro would grow, package and deliver his weed to dispensaries, which paid him directly. As a manufacturer under Proposition 64, he can only manufacture cannabis products. Cultivating, transporting and selling weed requires different permits, so Castro has to contract with other operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transactions between cultivators, manufacturers and retailers cut into profits. For this reason, some large operators have several permits, but most small equity operators don’t have the financial backing to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most successful cannabis businesses are more vertically integrated — those are the only ones that are going to survive,” Cavalheiro said. “But you have to have a lot of capital and a lot of people to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavalheiro worked in business relations after legalization, helping cannabis producers from Humboldt connect to the Bay Area market. She’s also worked for companies trying to bridge the gap between cultivators, manufacturers and retailers within the disjointed legal market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was a retail relations manager for Buyers Club SF, a now-defunct cannabis showroom and event space. She lost her job at Buyers Club when the company went bankrupt last year. Cavalheiro hasn’t been able to find a similar position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Proposition 64 passed in 2016, she had a newborn and didn’t have time — or money — to get a new business off the ground. Looking at the current market, she said there’s no way she’d pursue a cannabis license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have friends who have done it, and five years later, they’re just empty-handed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, she’s looking for steady work outside the cannabis world, taking temporary jobs wherever she can while studying for the insurance license exam. She enrolled in food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a daughter I need to feed and bills I need to pay,” she said. “If I can’t even do that, it might just be time to switch gears completely.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983231/how-the-cannabis-industry-has-changed","authors":["byline_news_11983231"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_32364","news_21405","news_27626","news_18584"],"featImg":"news_11976906","label":"news"},"news_11983333":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983333","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983333","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-is-google-removing-news-links-for-some-californians","title":"Why Is Google Removing News Links for Some Californians?","publishDate":1713466825,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Why Is Google Removing News Links for Some Californians? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:15 p.m. Thursday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do you find your news: Through social media? Email? Google?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you answered the latter and you live in California, you might find that getting your news through Google just got harder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Steve Waldman, CEO, Rebuild Local News\"]‘This is Google sending a message that if the legislature passes the bill that they don’t like, that the newsrooms and residents of California will be punished for that.’[/pullquote]Google said it’s currently testing a process in which the tech conglomerate is \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">“removing links to California news websites”\u003c/a> among its search results. In a blog post announcing the move, Google’s VP of Global News Partnerships, Jaffer Zaidi, stated that Google was taking this action “to prepare” for the “possible implications” of a bill making its way through the California state legislature. The bill, called the California Journalism Preservation Act (CJPA), would call upon \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/google-meta-big-tech-journalism-fee-california-lawmakers-ec3a926252f59e589e5d48b067c7904e\">tech companies to pay media outlets for posting and using their content\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the News/Media Alliance — a journalism advocacy organization — has called upon the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2024-04-16/news-media-alliance-google-ftc-investigation\">“investigate whether Google is violating federal law\u003c/a> in blocking or impeding their ability to find news that they rely upon for their business, their prosperity, their pleasure, their democracy and, sometimes, their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/64dff94f756e010aef6c3999/t/66215bd53cc9b82db2c4f98e/1713462229252/Publisher+letter+AB+886+4.18.24.pdf\">nearly 350 local California publishers signed a letter\u003c/a> to show their support for \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/64dff94f756e010aef6c3999/t/66215bd53cc9b82db2c4f98e/1713462229252/Publisher+letter+AB+886+4.18.24.pdf\">the California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a>. The publishers include a variety of outlets — from large newspapers like the LA Times to ethnic media newsrooms including El Sol — who said they “stand united in our efforts to preserve journalism in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 40 percent of Google Search results contain news articles,” the letter read. “Even when readers do click through and can see the ads on our sites, Google takes another 70% of each advertising dollar, as it controls digital advertising technology, the topic of an anti-trust suit that California has joined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/sbaxter_sc/status/1778916761829789780\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how could this change from Google affect how \u003ci>you \u003c/i>find California news?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve noticed some gaps in your recent Google searches or are worried, you might read below to learn more about what this means for you and your local journalism ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many people in California will be affected by Google removing news links?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">the April 12 statement\u003c/a>, Google’s Zaidi wrote that the blockage would be a “short-term” test for “a small percentage of California users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11981551,news_11979306,news_11960799\" label=\"Related Stories\"]So theoretically, if you are part of the “small percentage of California users,” when you search for a news topic in California, you will \u003ci>not\u003c/i> see articles from local publications within the state like KQED, the \u003ci>San Francisco Chronicle \u003c/i>or the \u003ci>LA Times. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/apr/12/google-search-blocking-california-news\">unclear how many people\u003c/a> are actually affected by this change — or \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">how long the “test” will continue\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also unclear if users can turn this test off in their settings. A Google spokesperson declined KQED’s request to provide any further information about the test — or who is affected — outside of \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">the April 12 blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is this happening now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We’re mostly viewing this as a political attack as much as it is a technical test,” said Steve Waldman, the CEO of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.rebuildlocalnews.org/\">Rebuild Local News\u003c/a>. “This is Google sending a message that if the legislature passes the bill that they don’t like, the newsrooms and residents of California will be punished for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman referenced \u003ca href=\"https://policydialogue.org/files/publications/papers/LatestVersion.pdf\">similar legislation passed in Australia and Canada\u003c/a>, which large tech companies also pushed back against.“I think, for Google, they’re looking at all these efforts to push them into providing money to publishers, and they’re thinking this is spreading around the world, and it’s creating an enormous potential liability for them,” Waldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re very focused on California because they’re worried that whatever comes out of California could set the template for the rest of the United States and also for other countries,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2023, Instagram and Facebook’s parent company, Meta, began blocking news content from appearing in Canadian users’ feeds since \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-13/could-meta-block-news-in-australia-after-canada-ban/103576038\">Canada required the company to pay local news publications for linking to or featuring their work\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused the company of “putting corporate profits ahead of people’s safety” for its decision to keep blocking news content in the country even \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/canada-wildfires-facebook-news-blocking-734a5bc05796e38a011c6c9a473efea8\">as devastating wildfires raged\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what Canadian Instagram users see when trying to access news:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11983350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of an Instagram profile that was blocked with a message that reads "People in Canada can't see this content" with a message logo with a strike through it.\" width=\"720\" height=\"651\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2-160x145.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta has also \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/andymstone/status/1663951770052067338\">threatened\u003c/a> to do this again in California if the California Journalism Preservation Act were to pass. In May 2023, a Meta spokesperson stated that the company would “be forced to remove news from Facebook and Instagram rather than pay into a slush fund that primarily benefits big, out-of-state media companies under the guise of aiding California publishers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late March, Instagram\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980748/how-to-opt-out-of-metas-political-content-limit-on-instagram-and-threads\"> rolled out a new default setting\u003c/a> that limited posts “likely to mention governments, elections or social topics that affect a group of people and/or society at large” appearing in user’s feeds. For many, this setting was automatically set and came with little or no warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, how can I make sure \u003cem>I\u003c/em> continue to see local news online?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether Google’s test targets an individual in California to remove news links, Waldman said that in a landscape where news is being throttled on search or social media, audiences may need to start actively looking for it instead — since news “may not just arrive in your lap or on your screen quite the same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You may have to be a little more proactive in both getting it and also supporting the local media,” Waldman said. “Advertising business for local publications has kind of plummeted, and local news is not really going to survive without the support from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you noticed something different with your Google searches or otherwise suspect you might be part of Google’s test to limit news content in California for some users, there are other ways to find local coverage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Visiting a news outlet’s website directly\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Following your preferred news outlet on social media\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signing up for push notifications and breaking news alerts from your preferred news outlet\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your news outlet has an app, downloading and viewing articles on that platform\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your outlet has a podcast, listen to their feed on your preferred platforms like Apple Podcasts or Stitcher\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your outlet is a television or radio station, tune into that station.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Waldman said that “going into an election year that’s going to be full of misinformation,” he found it “incredibly disheartening that at the moment when we should be providing more information and more news that’s reliable … Google is temporarily choking back the availability of reliable local news.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s the backstory of the bill Google is resisting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bill Google is responding to is AB 886 — \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB886\">the California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a> — which, if passed, would require platforms to send “a journalism usage fee payment to each eligible digital journalism provider.” This means that Google, Facebook and other tech companies would need to pay a bargained percentage of the tech company’s ad revenue to news outlets for using media outlets’ work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the newsroom must use 70% of these funds to hire new reporters or support existing staff. The bill would also prohibit tech companies from retaliating against local outlets by placing their stories lower on a search result page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 886 \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/apr/12/google-search-blocking-california-news\">passed the California assembly in 2023\u003c/a>. It would need to pass the California Senate before being signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Related: \u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">How Can I Call My Representative? A Step-by-Step Guide to the Process\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill — introduced by Buffy Wicks (CA-14) — noted that over the past 10 years, newspaper advertising has decreased by 66% and staff by 44%. Critics say that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/03/909086008/study-how-the-power-of-facebook-and-google-affects-local-communities\">Facebook and Google have played a large role in this\u003c/a> breakdown by monopolizing the digital advertising market, leaving little revenue for local news outlets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northwestern University’s \u003ca href=\"https://localnewsinitiative.northwestern.edu/projects/state-of-local-news/2023/report/\">“The State of Local News”\u003c/a> report hypothesized that by the end of 2024, “the country will have lost a third of its newspapers since 2005.” Over 500 journalists — \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/01/journalism-layoffs-00138517\">national and local publications\u003c/a> — lost their jobs in 2024 so far, barely over four months. In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2024-01-23/latimes-layoffs-115-newsroom-soon-shiong\">the \u003ci>LA Times \u003c/i>laid off over a hundred people in January\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California, there’s been a 68% drop in the number of reporters since 2005,” Waldman said. “It’s a catastrophe, and it’s totally appropriate to ask the tech companies to help pay for fixing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the journalism and First Amendment world, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2024/01/journalism-preservation-california-media-leverage/\">advocates of the bill\u003c/a> say it finally allows news outlets leverage over Big Tech, which they argue has gone seemingly\u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/culture-council/articles/its-time-for-big-tech-to-stand-up-journalism-1234860906/\"> unchecked for years\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2024/01/preserving-california-journalism-bill-clickbait/\">Opponents\u003c/a> say the measure would incentivize clickbait and favor larger newsrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman said that given the bill’s current language —which is still open to potential revision — he agrees that larger out-of-state newsrooms would benefit more from the legislation than mid- to small-sized newsrooms in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to come up with some public policies that are really helping the medium and small-sized papers and family newspapers, websites, nonprofits, Black and Hispanic newspapers, public radio,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Google say?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Google’s April 12 blog post announcing the test to limit news links, the company highlights the \u003ca href=\"https://news.google.com/news-showcase/\">Google News Showcase\u003c/a>, a feed of news articles curated for users. The Google News Showcase partners with 200 new organizations in California alone, according to Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Google would now be “pausing further investments in the California news ecosystem” — including establishing new Google News Showcase partnerships, any planned expansions of Google News and the company’s product and licensing program for news organizations — “until there’s clarity on California’s regulatory environment,” Google VP Zaidi said in the blog post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaidi also claimed that “just 2% of queries on Google Search are news-related,” which he framed as part of a general shift in “the rapidly changing way people are looking for and consuming information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">a 2023 research study commissioned by Swiss media publishers\u003c/a> found that “information searches” account for \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">55% of all internet searches\u003c/a>, which would potentially draw from journalistic content. The research also found that the market share of Google searches that use media content results in an estimated revenue of \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">$440 million per year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman also noted that with a company as big as Google, “just 2%” can mean a lot. “Google does place snippets of the content on their search engines,” he said. “A lot of people just look at the snippets and never click through.”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Google is actually getting a lot of value out of the work and money that’s been invested by the news organizations in creating content.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are there other legal proposals that are aiming to support journalism?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Journalism Competition & Preservation Act\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/673\">Journalism Competition & Preservation Act,\u003c/a> introduced by Minnesota Sen. Amy Klobuchar in 2023, allows media companies to negotiate prices directly with social media companies about the use of their work. One of the co-sponsors includes the late California Sen. Dianne Feinstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it were enacted, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-02-08/chabria-column-tech-firms-news-outlets\">research from the University of Houston\u003c/a> estimates \u003ca href=\"https://policydialogue.org/files/publications/papers/LatestVersion.pdf\">Google would owe California newsrooms $1.4 billion annually\u003c/a>, which outpaces \u003ca href=\"https://newsinitiative.withgoogle.com/about/\">the $300 million Google provides globally\u003c/a> in grants and newsroom investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/senamyklobuchar/status/1779195270925787556?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Senate Bill 1327\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Steven Glazer introduced \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB1327/id/2964627\">SB 1327\u003c/a>, which proposes \u003ca href=\"https://www.ojaivalleynews.com/opinion/guest_essays/opinion-in-support-of-a-journalism-tax-credit-sb-1327-glazer/article_be128aa0-fb72-11ee-a2ba-4fea6e148bf0.html\">an employment credit\u003c/a> for California newsrooms. In the bill, local media organizations that employ local, California-based staff can get a subsidy from state taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever policy that they come up with, our main point is that there’s a catastrophe unfolding in California right now,” Waldman said of the various legal proposals to support local journalism in the state. Legislators “need to do something,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, “They have to be careful that they don’t accidentally make the problem worse,” Waldman said. “They need to really be attending to the needs of medium and small sized players, including ethnic media — and not just the bigger players.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Google is testing a process that removes links to California news websites from its search results to prepare for a state bill that would require the tech giant to pay media outlets for posting and using their content.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713471351,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":51,"wordCount":2204},"headData":{"title":"Why Is Google Removing News Links for Some Californians? | KQED","description":"Google is testing a process that removes links to California news websites from its search results to prepare for a state bill that would require the tech giant to pay media outlets for posting and using their content.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Why Is Google Removing News Links for Some Californians?","datePublished":"2024-04-18T19:00:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-18T20:15:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983333/why-is-google-removing-news-links-for-some-californians","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:15 p.m. Thursday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do you find your news: Through social media? Email? Google?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you answered the latter and you live in California, you might find that getting your news through Google just got harder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘This is Google sending a message that if the legislature passes the bill that they don’t like, that the newsrooms and residents of California will be punished for that.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Steve Waldman, CEO, Rebuild Local News","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Google said it’s currently testing a process in which the tech conglomerate is \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">“removing links to California news websites”\u003c/a> among its search results. In a blog post announcing the move, Google’s VP of Global News Partnerships, Jaffer Zaidi, stated that Google was taking this action “to prepare” for the “possible implications” of a bill making its way through the California state legislature. The bill, called the California Journalism Preservation Act (CJPA), would call upon \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/google-meta-big-tech-journalism-fee-california-lawmakers-ec3a926252f59e589e5d48b067c7904e\">tech companies to pay media outlets for posting and using their content\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the News/Media Alliance — a journalism advocacy organization — has called upon the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2024-04-16/news-media-alliance-google-ftc-investigation\">“investigate whether Google is violating federal law\u003c/a> in blocking or impeding their ability to find news that they rely upon for their business, their prosperity, their pleasure, their democracy and, sometimes, their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/64dff94f756e010aef6c3999/t/66215bd53cc9b82db2c4f98e/1713462229252/Publisher+letter+AB+886+4.18.24.pdf\">nearly 350 local California publishers signed a letter\u003c/a> to show their support for \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/64dff94f756e010aef6c3999/t/66215bd53cc9b82db2c4f98e/1713462229252/Publisher+letter+AB+886+4.18.24.pdf\">the California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a>. The publishers include a variety of outlets — from large newspapers like the LA Times to ethnic media newsrooms including El Sol — who said they “stand united in our efforts to preserve journalism in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 40 percent of Google Search results contain news articles,” the letter read. “Even when readers do click through and can see the ads on our sites, Google takes another 70% of each advertising dollar, as it controls digital advertising technology, the topic of an anti-trust suit that California has joined.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1778916761829789780"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>So, how could this change from Google affect how \u003ci>you \u003c/i>find California news?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve noticed some gaps in your recent Google searches or are worried, you might read below to learn more about what this means for you and your local journalism ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many people in California will be affected by Google removing news links?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">the April 12 statement\u003c/a>, Google’s Zaidi wrote that the blockage would be a “short-term” test for “a small percentage of California users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11981551,news_11979306,news_11960799","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So theoretically, if you are part of the “small percentage of California users,” when you search for a news topic in California, you will \u003ci>not\u003c/i> see articles from local publications within the state like KQED, the \u003ci>San Francisco Chronicle \u003c/i>or the \u003ci>LA Times. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/apr/12/google-search-blocking-california-news\">unclear how many people\u003c/a> are actually affected by this change — or \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">how long the “test” will continue\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also unclear if users can turn this test off in their settings. A Google spokesperson declined KQED’s request to provide any further information about the test — or who is affected — outside of \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/news/california-journalism-preservation-act-puts-news-ecosystem-at-risk/\">the April 12 blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is this happening now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We’re mostly viewing this as a political attack as much as it is a technical test,” said Steve Waldman, the CEO of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.rebuildlocalnews.org/\">Rebuild Local News\u003c/a>. “This is Google sending a message that if the legislature passes the bill that they don’t like, the newsrooms and residents of California will be punished for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman referenced \u003ca href=\"https://policydialogue.org/files/publications/papers/LatestVersion.pdf\">similar legislation passed in Australia and Canada\u003c/a>, which large tech companies also pushed back against.“I think, for Google, they’re looking at all these efforts to push them into providing money to publishers, and they’re thinking this is spreading around the world, and it’s creating an enormous potential liability for them,” Waldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re very focused on California because they’re worried that whatever comes out of California could set the template for the rest of the United States and also for other countries,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2023, Instagram and Facebook’s parent company, Meta, began blocking news content from appearing in Canadian users’ feeds since \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-13/could-meta-block-news-in-australia-after-canada-ban/103576038\">Canada required the company to pay local news publications for linking to or featuring their work\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused the company of “putting corporate profits ahead of people’s safety” for its decision to keep blocking news content in the country even \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/canada-wildfires-facebook-news-blocking-734a5bc05796e38a011c6c9a473efea8\">as devastating wildfires raged\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what Canadian Instagram users see when trying to access news:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11983350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of an Instagram profile that was blocked with a message that reads "People in Canada can't see this content" with a message logo with a strike through it.\" width=\"720\" height=\"651\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2.png 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-2-160x145.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta has also \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/andymstone/status/1663951770052067338\">threatened\u003c/a> to do this again in California if the California Journalism Preservation Act were to pass. In May 2023, a Meta spokesperson stated that the company would “be forced to remove news from Facebook and Instagram rather than pay into a slush fund that primarily benefits big, out-of-state media companies under the guise of aiding California publishers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late March, Instagram\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980748/how-to-opt-out-of-metas-political-content-limit-on-instagram-and-threads\"> rolled out a new default setting\u003c/a> that limited posts “likely to mention governments, elections or social topics that affect a group of people and/or society at large” appearing in user’s feeds. For many, this setting was automatically set and came with little or no warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, how can I make sure \u003cem>I\u003c/em> continue to see local news online?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether Google’s test targets an individual in California to remove news links, Waldman said that in a landscape where news is being throttled on search or social media, audiences may need to start actively looking for it instead — since news “may not just arrive in your lap or on your screen quite the same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You may have to be a little more proactive in both getting it and also supporting the local media,” Waldman said. “Advertising business for local publications has kind of plummeted, and local news is not really going to survive without the support from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you noticed something different with your Google searches or otherwise suspect you might be part of Google’s test to limit news content in California for some users, there are other ways to find local coverage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Visiting a news outlet’s website directly\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Following your preferred news outlet on social media\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signing up for push notifications and breaking news alerts from your preferred news outlet\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your news outlet has an app, downloading and viewing articles on that platform\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your outlet has a podcast, listen to their feed on your preferred platforms like Apple Podcasts or Stitcher\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your outlet is a television or radio station, tune into that station.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Waldman said that “going into an election year that’s going to be full of misinformation,” he found it “incredibly disheartening that at the moment when we should be providing more information and more news that’s reliable … Google is temporarily choking back the availability of reliable local news.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s the backstory of the bill Google is resisting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bill Google is responding to is AB 886 — \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB886\">the California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a> — which, if passed, would require platforms to send “a journalism usage fee payment to each eligible digital journalism provider.” This means that Google, Facebook and other tech companies would need to pay a bargained percentage of the tech company’s ad revenue to news outlets for using media outlets’ work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the newsroom must use 70% of these funds to hire new reporters or support existing staff. The bill would also prohibit tech companies from retaliating against local outlets by placing their stories lower on a search result page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 886 \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/apr/12/google-search-blocking-california-news\">passed the California assembly in 2023\u003c/a>. It would need to pass the California Senate before being signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Related: \u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">How Can I Call My Representative? A Step-by-Step Guide to the Process\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill — introduced by Buffy Wicks (CA-14) — noted that over the past 10 years, newspaper advertising has decreased by 66% and staff by 44%. Critics say that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/03/909086008/study-how-the-power-of-facebook-and-google-affects-local-communities\">Facebook and Google have played a large role in this\u003c/a> breakdown by monopolizing the digital advertising market, leaving little revenue for local news outlets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northwestern University’s \u003ca href=\"https://localnewsinitiative.northwestern.edu/projects/state-of-local-news/2023/report/\">“The State of Local News”\u003c/a> report hypothesized that by the end of 2024, “the country will have lost a third of its newspapers since 2005.” Over 500 journalists — \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/01/journalism-layoffs-00138517\">national and local publications\u003c/a> — lost their jobs in 2024 so far, barely over four months. In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2024-01-23/latimes-layoffs-115-newsroom-soon-shiong\">the \u003ci>LA Times \u003c/i>laid off over a hundred people in January\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California, there’s been a 68% drop in the number of reporters since 2005,” Waldman said. “It’s a catastrophe, and it’s totally appropriate to ask the tech companies to help pay for fixing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the journalism and First Amendment world, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2024/01/journalism-preservation-california-media-leverage/\">advocates of the bill\u003c/a> say it finally allows news outlets leverage over Big Tech, which they argue has gone seemingly\u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/culture-council/articles/its-time-for-big-tech-to-stand-up-journalism-1234860906/\"> unchecked for years\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2024/01/preserving-california-journalism-bill-clickbait/\">Opponents\u003c/a> say the measure would incentivize clickbait and favor larger newsrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman said that given the bill’s current language —which is still open to potential revision — he agrees that larger out-of-state newsrooms would benefit more from the legislation than mid- to small-sized newsrooms in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to come up with some public policies that are really helping the medium and small-sized papers and family newspapers, websites, nonprofits, Black and Hispanic newspapers, public radio,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Google say?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Google’s April 12 blog post announcing the test to limit news links, the company highlights the \u003ca href=\"https://news.google.com/news-showcase/\">Google News Showcase\u003c/a>, a feed of news articles curated for users. The Google News Showcase partners with 200 new organizations in California alone, according to Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Google would now be “pausing further investments in the California news ecosystem” — including establishing new Google News Showcase partnerships, any planned expansions of Google News and the company’s product and licensing program for news organizations — “until there’s clarity on California’s regulatory environment,” Google VP Zaidi said in the blog post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaidi also claimed that “just 2% of queries on Google Search are news-related,” which he framed as part of a general shift in “the rapidly changing way people are looking for and consuming information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">a 2023 research study commissioned by Swiss media publishers\u003c/a> found that “information searches” account for \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">55% of all internet searches\u003c/a>, which would potentially draw from journalistic content. The research also found that the market share of Google searches that use media content results in an estimated revenue of \u003ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/the-value-of-news-content-to-google-is-way-more-than-you-think/\">$440 million per year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman also noted that with a company as big as Google, “just 2%” can mean a lot. “Google does place snippets of the content on their search engines,” he said. “A lot of people just look at the snippets and never click through.”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Google is actually getting a lot of value out of the work and money that’s been invested by the news organizations in creating content.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are there other legal proposals that are aiming to support journalism?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Journalism Competition & Preservation Act\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/673\">Journalism Competition & Preservation Act,\u003c/a> introduced by Minnesota Sen. Amy Klobuchar in 2023, allows media companies to negotiate prices directly with social media companies about the use of their work. One of the co-sponsors includes the late California Sen. Dianne Feinstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it were enacted, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-02-08/chabria-column-tech-firms-news-outlets\">research from the University of Houston\u003c/a> estimates \u003ca href=\"https://policydialogue.org/files/publications/papers/LatestVersion.pdf\">Google would owe California newsrooms $1.4 billion annually\u003c/a>, which outpaces \u003ca href=\"https://newsinitiative.withgoogle.com/about/\">the $300 million Google provides globally\u003c/a> in grants and newsroom investments.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1779195270925787556"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Senate Bill 1327\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Steven Glazer introduced \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB1327/id/2964627\">SB 1327\u003c/a>, which proposes \u003ca href=\"https://www.ojaivalleynews.com/opinion/guest_essays/opinion-in-support-of-a-journalism-tax-credit-sb-1327-glazer/article_be128aa0-fb72-11ee-a2ba-4fea6e148bf0.html\">an employment credit\u003c/a> for California newsrooms. In the bill, local media organizations that employ local, California-based staff can get a subsidy from state taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever policy that they come up with, our main point is that there’s a catastrophe unfolding in California right now,” Waldman said of the various legal proposals to support local journalism in the state. Legislators “need to do something,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, “They have to be careful that they don’t accidentally make the problem worse,” Waldman said. “They need to really be attending to the needs of medium and small sized players, including ethnic media — and not just the bigger players.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983333/why-is-google-removing-news-links-for-some-californians","authors":["11867"],"categories":["news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_32707","news_2704","news_27626","news_93","news_2670","news_17996","news_33171"],"featImg":"news_11983347","label":"news"},"news_11636071":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11636071","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11636071","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"photos-thousands-have-fun-in-the-sun-at-santacon-2017","title":"PHOTOS: Thousands Have Fun in the Sun at SantaCon 2017","publishDate":1512863991,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Christmas is still weeks away, and the weather in San Francisco is beautiful. But that didn't stop thousands of people from converging on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday dressed for the North Pole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the annual SantaCon, where thousands show up dressed in their holiday best -- usually as Santa Claus or an elf. San Francisco's SantaCon combines a toy drive through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.toysfortots.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Toys for Tots program\u003c/a> and a pub crawl around the city. More than people \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/1918791614804557/?active_tab=about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,500 RSVP'd\u003c/a> for the event on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sea of red outfits was a diverse mix of people of different ages, races, ethnicities and even religions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're with a bunch of strangers, but you're also in a group,\" said Alice Halbert, who dressed as a Harley Quinn-inspired Santa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SantaCons will be held in more than 150 cities across the world this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacon.info/locations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to its website\u003c/a>, including 22 California cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636089\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Thousands of people converged on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday, Dec. 9, 2017 for SantaCon 2017. The daylong event is part-toy drive and part pub crawl.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of people converged on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday, Dec. 9, 2017 for SantaCon 2017. The daylong event is part toy drive and part pub crawl. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636086\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636086\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Three-year-old Ocean Connelly meets a fellow fan of the film, "Nightmare Before Christmas" at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco. Connelly's mom says he loves his Jack Skellington outfit and even wore it on Thanksgiving Day in 90 degree heat at Disneyland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three-year-old Ocean Connelly meets a fellow fan of the film, \"Nightmare Before Christmas\" at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco. Connelly's mom says he loves his Jack Skellington outfit and even wore it on Thanksgiving Day in 90 degree heat at Disneyland. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636079\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt='Neil Macapagal at SantaCon 2017 at Union Square in San Francisco. He says it took \"a day or two\" to build his ride-along Santa.' width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-520x693.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neil Macapagal at SantaCon 2017 at Union Square in San Francisco. He says it took \"a day or two\" to build his ride-along Santa. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Philip Jang (center with beard), Jenny Jang (to his left) and their daughters Jasmine and Tiffany Jang (in the cart) celebrate SantaCon 2017 with friends at San Francisco's Union Square. Philip says the girls already had their Santa outfits but he and Jenny had to buy new ones for the event.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Jang (center with beard), Jenny Jang (to his left) and their daughters Jasmine and Tiffany Jang (in the cart) celebrate SantaCon 2017 with friends at San Francisco's Union Square. Philip says the girls already had their Santa outfits, but he and Jenny had to buy new ones for the event. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mattia Edwards and Jessica Gaines show off the toys they plan to donate at San Francisco's Union Square for SantaCon 2017. Edwards called the event, "Christmas for adults."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mattia Edwards and Jessica Gaines show off the toys they plan to donate at San Francisco's Union Square for SantaCon 2017. Edwards called the event, \"Christmas for adults.\" \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew and Jennifer Fischer bring their mixed-religion marriage to SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. The Fischers say they've been going to the event on and off for years and love seeing the creativity of San Francisco on display. Andrew hands out dreidels and chocolate Hanukkah gelt while Jennifer hands out Christmas treats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew and Jennifer Fischer bring their mixed-religion marriage to SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. The Fischers say they've been going to the event on and off for years and love seeing the creativity of San Francisco on display. Andrew hands out dreidels and chocolate Hanukkah gelt while Jennifer hands out Christmas treats. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636080\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Beckmann and Chris Lynch wear their special Christmas suits for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Beckmann and Chris Lynch wear their special Christmas suits for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636084\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636084\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Sam and Francisco Presley just after changing into their high heels for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. They said they wanted to come out to see the creativity because they didn't have Christmas in their home country of Iran.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sam and Francisco Presley just after changing into their high heels for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. They said they wanted to come out to see the creativity because they didn't have Christmas in their home country of Iran. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636087\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Eve Sotomayor and Scott Merrick dress as elves at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco's Union Square. Sotomayor and Merrick know each other from South Carolina and both recently moved to the city. Merrick said when they heard about SantaCon, they decided, "We'll do that instead of going on a hike."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eve Sotomayor and Scott Merrick dress as elves at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco's Union Square. Sotomayor and Merrick know each other from San Francisco and both recently moved to the city. Merrick said when they heard about SantaCon, they decided, \"We'll do that instead of going on a hike.\" \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636077\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636077\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Chico Cronin, Amanda Pizzimenti and Kat Langer wait outside a bar near Union Square during SantaCon 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chico Cronin, Amanda Pizzimenti and Kat Langer wait outside a bar near Union Square during SantaCon 2017. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"People of all ages converged on Union Square in their holiday best for San Francisco's annual SantaCon.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1512863991,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":557},"headData":{"title":"PHOTOS: Thousands Have Fun in the Sun at SantaCon 2017 | KQED","description":"People of all ages converged on Union Square in their holiday best for San Francisco's annual SantaCon.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"PHOTOS: Thousands Have Fun in the Sun at SantaCon 2017","datePublished":"2017-12-09T23:59:51.000Z","dateModified":"2017-12-09T23:59:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"authorsData":[{"type":"authors","id":"11260","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11260","found":true},"name":"Ryan Levi","firstName":"Ryan","lastName":"Levi","slug":"rlevi","email":"rlevi@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Ryan Levi was a reporter and podcast producer at KQED News from 2016-2019. He worked on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay/\">The Bay, \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a>, as well as hosting and producing the weekly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/qedup/\">Q'ed Up podcast. \u003c/a>He also helped inaugurate KQED's weekend news coverage in 2017 as one of two original digital producers. Ryan holds degrees in multimedia journalism and Spanish from the University of Missouri.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"ryan_levi","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"breakingnews","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ryan Levi | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cb2ddd028ac8807d1adf09609c5555d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rlevi"}],"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28453_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-17-qut-1020x765.jpg","width":1020,"height":765,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28453_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-17-qut-1020x765.jpg","width":1020,"height":765,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"},"tagData":{"tags":["Christmas","holidays","San Francisco","Santa Claus"]}},"disqusIdentifier":"11636071 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11636071","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/09/photos-thousands-have-fun-in-the-sun-at-santacon-2017/","disqusTitle":"PHOTOS: Thousands Have Fun in the Sun at SantaCon 2017","path":"/news/11636071/photos-thousands-have-fun-in-the-sun-at-santacon-2017","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Christmas is still weeks away, and the weather in San Francisco is beautiful. But that didn't stop thousands of people from converging on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday dressed for the North Pole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the annual SantaCon, where thousands show up dressed in their holiday best -- usually as Santa Claus or an elf. San Francisco's SantaCon combines a toy drive through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.toysfortots.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Toys for Tots program\u003c/a> and a pub crawl around the city. More than people \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/1918791614804557/?active_tab=about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,500 RSVP'd\u003c/a> for the event on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sea of red outfits was a diverse mix of people of different ages, races, ethnicities and even religions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're with a bunch of strangers, but you're also in a group,\" said Alice Halbert, who dressed as a Harley Quinn-inspired Santa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SantaCons will be held in more than 150 cities across the world this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacon.info/locations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to its website\u003c/a>, including 22 California cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636089\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Thousands of people converged on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday, Dec. 9, 2017 for SantaCon 2017. The daylong event is part-toy drive and part pub crawl.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28461_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of people converged on San Francisco's Union Square on Saturday, Dec. 9, 2017 for SantaCon 2017. The daylong event is part toy drive and part pub crawl. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636086\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636086\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Three-year-old Ocean Connelly meets a fellow fan of the film, "Nightmare Before Christmas" at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco. Connelly's mom says he loves his Jack Skellington outfit and even wore it on Thanksgiving Day in 90 degree heat at Disneyland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28458_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-16-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three-year-old Ocean Connelly meets a fellow fan of the film, \"Nightmare Before Christmas\" at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco. Connelly's mom says he loves his Jack Skellington outfit and even wore it on Thanksgiving Day in 90 degree heat at Disneyland. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636079\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt='Neil Macapagal at SantaCon 2017 at Union Square in San Francisco. He says it took \"a day or two\" to build his ride-along Santa.' width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut-520x693.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28451_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-24-qut.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neil Macapagal at SantaCon 2017 at Union Square in San Francisco. He says it took \"a day or two\" to build his ride-along Santa. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Philip Jang (center with beard), Jenny Jang (to his left) and their daughters Jasmine and Tiffany Jang (in the cart) celebrate SantaCon 2017 with friends at San Francisco's Union Square. Philip says the girls already had their Santa outfits but he and Jenny had to buy new ones for the event.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28457_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-20-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Jang (center with beard), Jenny Jang (to his left) and their daughters Jasmine and Tiffany Jang (in the cart) celebrate SantaCon 2017 with friends at San Francisco's Union Square. Philip says the girls already had their Santa outfits, but he and Jenny had to buy new ones for the event. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mattia Edwards and Jessica Gaines show off the toys they plan to donate at San Francisco's Union Square for SantaCon 2017. Edwards called the event, "Christmas for adults."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28454_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-18-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mattia Edwards and Jessica Gaines show off the toys they plan to donate at San Francisco's Union Square for SantaCon 2017. Edwards called the event, \"Christmas for adults.\" \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew and Jennifer Fischer bring their mixed-religion marriage to SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. The Fischers say they've been going to the event on and off for years and love seeing the creativity of San Francisco on display. Andrew hands out dreidels and chocolate Hanukkah gelt while Jennifer hands out Christmas treats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28460_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-14-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew and Jennifer Fischer bring their mixed-religion marriage to SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. The Fischers say they've been going to the event on and off for years and love seeing the creativity of San Francisco on display. Andrew hands out dreidels and chocolate Hanukkah gelt while Jennifer hands out Christmas treats. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636080\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Beckmann and Chris Lynch wear their special Christmas suits for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28452_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-23-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Beckmann and Chris Lynch wear their special Christmas suits for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636084\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636084\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Sam and Francisco Presley just after changing into their high heels for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. They said they wanted to come out to see the creativity because they didn't have Christmas in their home country of Iran.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28456_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-21-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sam and Francisco Presley just after changing into their high heels for SantaCon 2017 at San Francisco's Union Square. They said they wanted to come out to see the creativity because they didn't have Christmas in their home country of Iran. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636087\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Eve Sotomayor and Scott Merrick dress as elves at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco's Union Square. Sotomayor and Merrick know each other from South Carolina and both recently moved to the city. Merrick said when they heard about SantaCon, they decided, "We'll do that instead of going on a hike."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28459_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-19-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eve Sotomayor and Scott Merrick dress as elves at SantaCon 2017 in San Francisco's Union Square. Sotomayor and Merrick know each other from San Francisco and both recently moved to the city. Merrick said when they heard about SantaCon, they decided, \"We'll do that instead of going on a hike.\" \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11636077\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11636077\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Chico Cronin, Amanda Pizzimenti and Kat Langer wait outside a bar near Union Square during SantaCon 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28449_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-26-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chico Cronin, Amanda Pizzimenti and Kat Langer wait outside a bar near Union Square during SantaCon 2017. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11636071/photos-thousands-have-fun-in-the-sun-at-santacon-2017","authors":["11260"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_18909","news_20138","news_38","news_494"],"featImg":"news_11636081","label":"news_6944","isLoading":false,"hasAllInfo":true}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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