Can the Right Nudge Help Low-income Kids Go Beyond High School?
How Tips via Text Message May Help Parents and Preschoolers Learn
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the Right Nudge Help Low-income Kids Go Beyond High School?","publishDate":1522358991,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/content/common-core-can-help-english-learners-california-new-study-says_17439/hechingerreport.org\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003cem>Sign up \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for our higher-education newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NEWARK, Calif. — It's a few months before she'll graduate from Newark Memorial High School and Allison Dinsmore doesn't have a plan for what will happen after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike students in the far wealthier cities and towns surrounding hers, she wasn't prodded since birth by her parents to prepare for college. No one in her family has ever gotten a degree. She never took the ACT or SAT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year I thought about it a lot because as a junior you start to realize how fast things are going,\" she said in the library, otherwise empty but for students playing cards. \"I didn't know better, and it was too late. I feel like I'm not prepared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's largely the same story among Dinsmore's friends, with whom she hangs out most days around a blue metal picnic table in the high school's asphalt courtyard. \u003ca href=\"http://nmhs.schoolloop.com/file/1346927686470/1440916971118/5912293350730709421.pdf\">Just under half the students here are considered poor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.newarkunified.org/departments/educational-services/lcap/nusd-demographics/\">more than half are Hispanic\u003c/a> and few of their parents have degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are exactly the characteristics of the high school students least likely to go to college. It's not that they have less potential than their counterparts in predominantly white, more affluent communities. What they lack is college-educated relatives, counselors, role models or mentors to make sure they take the courses and meet the deadlines they need to, or who encourage them to think about their further educations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is self-perpetuating,\" said the superintendent, Patrick Sánchez, who is trying to change that culture and hangs out with students as a mentor and a coach. \"These are smart kids, but they're not seeing themselves in college, and they're not hearing enough that they can. And kids will act the way you treat them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Sánchez said, \"If you look at a wealthy or predominantly Anglo high school, from the time those kids walk in the door they are continually told they're highly intelligent, that they're all going to succeed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50858\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-3-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Newark Unified School District Superintendent Patrick Sanchez, right, visits with high school seniors at Newark Memorial High School in Newark, Calif., Wednesday, February 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newark Memorial does have one thing most high schools don't: Silicon Valley. And some local entrepreneurs, backed by advisors from nearby Stanford University and elsewhere, think technology can help to solve this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those entrepreneurs have created a platform, and company, called Siembra — a Spanish word for sowing seeds — that reaches out to low-income, first-generation and racial and ethnic minority high school students on their ever-present smartphones, nagging them to stay on track the same way college-educated parents of wealthier kids do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Where do you want to go to college?\" asks the very first text, sent to ninth graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one has ever asked them that,\" said Julio Garcia, a consulting senior research psychologist at Stanford who studies how assumptions people make about them — largely based on stereotypes — have as much of an impact on the success of students as their aptitude and preparation. \"Many kids have no expectations that they should go to college. They’re below the radar, for all kinds of reasons\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He experienced that himself, Garcia said, when he was growing up, near Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Occasionally somebody would ask me about going to college. But nobody asked my classmates. It was not considered a viable option, so why waste your time asking the question?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sánchez, too, said he was \"low-tracked\" in high school. He went to community college to study automotive and diesel repair. Only later did he become an educator. The first in his own family to go to college, \"I was a statistical anomaly,\" the superintendent said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's right. Far fewer children of parents who did not finish college — so-called first-generation students — go on to higher educations, \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2018/2018421.pdf\"> a study released in February by the U.S. Department of Education\u003c/a> confirmed: 72 percent, compared to 93 percent of those whose parents have bachelor's degrees and 84 percent whose parents have any postsecondary education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50859\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50859\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-5-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allison Dinsmore and her boyfriend, Grant Montgomery, students at California’s Newark Memorial High School. Montgomery says college recruiters seldom come to their school. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of first-generation students who did continue went to community colleges, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.luminafoundation.org/files/publications/issue_papers/College_Costs_and_Prices.pdf\">spend less per student\u003c/a> than many public \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=66\">primary and secondary schools\u003c/a>, and where the odds of ever graduating are also comparatively low. That's twice the proportion of students whose parents have bachelor's degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a really tremendous gulf,\" said Katie Berger, senior policy analyst for higher education at the nonprofit advocacy organization The Education Trust. \"The scope of this problem is huge.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not because first-generation, low-income and racial and ethnic minority students are less smart than higher-income whites; the lowest-income students with the highest scores on eighth-grade standardized tests are still less likely to go to selective colleges than the highest-income students with the lowest test scores, \u003ca href=\"https://edtrust.org/resource/falling-out-of-the-lead-following-high-achievers-through-high-school-and-beyond/\">according to The Education Trust\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But compared to the children of parents with bachelor's degrees who can help them navigate the complex college application process, far fewer first-generation students take courses in high school such as trigonometry or statistics, often required for college, the Education Department found; only a third as many take calculus and fewer than half as many enroll in Advanced Placement classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high schools they attend are also much less likely to have many college counselors. The average public school counselor in the United States is responsible for 483 students, \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolcounselor.org/asca/media/asca/Publications/ratioreport.pdf\">according to the American School Counselor Association and National Association of College Admissions Counselors\u003c/a>, nearly twice the caseload the association recommends. In California, it's one counselor to 760 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is that fewer than one in five children in the U.S. of parents without higher educations end up getting degrees themselves, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/9617041ec072.pdf?expires=1519166176&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=0642899123AE319921D20E4339C0B8CB\">the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation reports\u003c/a>. That helps contribute to the fact that students from high-income families are nearly five times more likely to get bachelor’s degrees by the time they’re 24 than those from low-income families, \u003ca href=\"http://pellinstitute.org/downloads/publications-Indicators_of_Higher_Education_Equity_in_the_US_2017_Historical_Trend_Report.pdf\">according to the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siembra, a for-profit company that's paid by participating school districts and colleges, has only early results to share. It says students are reading their college reminder texts about 80 percent of the time, and 10 percent respond with follow-up questions for their counselors. In an unrelated project, \u003ca href=\"http://curry.virginia.edu/uploads/resourceLibrary/9_Castleman_SummerTextMessages.pdf\">researchers at the universities of Virginia and Pittsburgh\u003c/a> found that text messages sent during the summer after high school graduation improved the likelihood that high school students would follow through on plans to go to college by up to 7 percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there are inherent shortcomings, Berger said. For example, she said, \"It's not going to help a student to text them to take AP algebra if their high school doesn't offer it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Constant reminders are among the many ways Hispanic young people are being pushed to go to college by a charter school called Luis Valdez Leadership Academy, spread among some prefabricated buildings in San Jose's low-income east side. College banners plaster the walls, the teachers double as college counselors and the sponsoring foundation raises money to take students on campus tours. Angela Rascon, a senior here and part of the first class, which will graduate this spring, enthusiastically describes her plans to head for college next year. But when she went to take the SAT at a private school in a wealthier town, Rascon said, she realized that \"I was the only Latina in the room.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's more than just a sad statistic. With one-third of college-age students now coming from first-generation backgrounds, it's a big problem for places starved for educated workers — including Silicon Valley, where three-quarters of math and computer workers aged 25 to 44 had to be imported from abroad, according to the 2016 Silicon Valley Index.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Newark, the water heater and Peterbilt truck factories have closed or moved away and most of the largest employers now are small tech companies that are starting to arrive. Yet \u003ca href=\"http://nmhs.schoolloop.com/file/1346927686470/1440916971118/5912293350730709421.pdf\">only about 30 percent\u003c/a> of Newark Memorial graduates meet the requirements for admission to the public University of California system\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50857\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50857\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-7-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at the Luis Valdez Leadership Academy, a charter school on San Jose's low-income east side. Students here are strongly encouraged to go to college. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"There is increasing recognition that there's an economic imperative to increasing college attainment,\" Berger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also increasingly a concern for colleges and universities that need to fill seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This problem has been around for a while, but it's becoming more urgent,\" said Garcia. \"Because the demographics are changing so rapidly, if your system excludes this group of people, you are condemning your system to mediocrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siembra sifts through data from its partner schools and districts — seven so far, it says — and unearths good prospects for its handful of client colleges and universities seeking out, say, female Hispanic sophomores who are good at math and science. Some of the students who might otherwise have never gone to college boast grade-point averages as high as 4.2, said founder Timothy Michael Kral, a former corporate finance director at software companies whose own Mexican-American daughter asked him to help the classmates she saw getting little college-going help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are invisible to the [college] recruiters,\" Kral said. \"No one is telling them how valuable they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true, said Grant Montgomery, Dinsmore's boyfriend and fellow senior, back at Newark Memorial High School. \"No one comes and looks at Newark.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A running back for the Cougars (2-8 this season) Montgomery wears a knee brace from a football injury. He's thinking about going to community college to become a firefighter or electrician. When the team played wealthier schools, he said, he saw students who were bound for four-year-colleges and universities, and bachelor's degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their school gives them the pride,\" Montgomery said. \"It's more money over there, and that's the difference.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/content/common-core-can-help-english-learners-california-new-study-says_17439/hechingerreport.org\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003cem>Sign up \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for our higher-education newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new platform gives some students a message they rarely hear: They can go to college.\r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1522391580,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1804},"headData":{"title":"Can the Right Nudge Help Low-income Kids Go Beyond High School? | KQED","description":"A new platform gives some students a message they rarely hear: They can go to college.\r\n\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Can the Right Nudge Help Low-income Kids Go Beyond High School?","datePublished":"2018-03-29T21:29:51.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-30T06:33:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"50855 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=50855","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/03/29/can-the-right-nudge-help-low-income-kids-go-beyond-high-school/","disqusTitle":"Can the Right Nudge Help Low-income Kids Go Beyond High School?","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">Jon Marcus, The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/50855/can-the-right-nudge-help-low-income-kids-go-beyond-high-school","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/content/common-core-can-help-english-learners-california-new-study-says_17439/hechingerreport.org\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003cem>Sign up \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for our higher-education newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NEWARK, Calif. — It's a few months before she'll graduate from Newark Memorial High School and Allison Dinsmore doesn't have a plan for what will happen after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike students in the far wealthier cities and towns surrounding hers, she wasn't prodded since birth by her parents to prepare for college. No one in her family has ever gotten a degree. She never took the ACT or SAT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year I thought about it a lot because as a junior you start to realize how fast things are going,\" she said in the library, otherwise empty but for students playing cards. \"I didn't know better, and it was too late. I feel like I'm not prepared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's largely the same story among Dinsmore's friends, with whom she hangs out most days around a blue metal picnic table in the high school's asphalt courtyard. \u003ca href=\"http://nmhs.schoolloop.com/file/1346927686470/1440916971118/5912293350730709421.pdf\">Just under half the students here are considered poor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.newarkunified.org/departments/educational-services/lcap/nusd-demographics/\">more than half are Hispanic\u003c/a> and few of their parents have degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are exactly the characteristics of the high school students least likely to go to college. It's not that they have less potential than their counterparts in predominantly white, more affluent communities. What they lack is college-educated relatives, counselors, role models or mentors to make sure they take the courses and meet the deadlines they need to, or who encourage them to think about their further educations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is self-perpetuating,\" said the superintendent, Patrick Sánchez, who is trying to change that culture and hangs out with students as a mentor and a coach. \"These are smart kids, but they're not seeing themselves in college, and they're not hearing enough that they can. And kids will act the way you treat them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Sánchez said, \"If you look at a wealthy or predominantly Anglo high school, from the time those kids walk in the door they are continually told they're highly intelligent, that they're all going to succeed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50858\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-3-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Newark Unified School District Superintendent Patrick Sanchez, right, visits with high school seniors at Newark Memorial High School in Newark, Calif., Wednesday, February 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newark Memorial does have one thing most high schools don't: Silicon Valley. And some local entrepreneurs, backed by advisors from nearby Stanford University and elsewhere, think technology can help to solve this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those entrepreneurs have created a platform, and company, called Siembra — a Spanish word for sowing seeds — that reaches out to low-income, first-generation and racial and ethnic minority high school students on their ever-present smartphones, nagging them to stay on track the same way college-educated parents of wealthier kids do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Where do you want to go to college?\" asks the very first text, sent to ninth graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one has ever asked them that,\" said Julio Garcia, a consulting senior research psychologist at Stanford who studies how assumptions people make about them — largely based on stereotypes — have as much of an impact on the success of students as their aptitude and preparation. \"Many kids have no expectations that they should go to college. They’re below the radar, for all kinds of reasons\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He experienced that himself, Garcia said, when he was growing up, near Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Occasionally somebody would ask me about going to college. But nobody asked my classmates. It was not considered a viable option, so why waste your time asking the question?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sánchez, too, said he was \"low-tracked\" in high school. He went to community college to study automotive and diesel repair. Only later did he become an educator. The first in his own family to go to college, \"I was a statistical anomaly,\" the superintendent said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's right. Far fewer children of parents who did not finish college — so-called first-generation students — go on to higher educations, \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2018/2018421.pdf\"> a study released in February by the U.S. Department of Education\u003c/a> confirmed: 72 percent, compared to 93 percent of those whose parents have bachelor's degrees and 84 percent whose parents have any postsecondary education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50859\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50859\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-5-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allison Dinsmore and her boyfriend, Grant Montgomery, students at California’s Newark Memorial High School. Montgomery says college recruiters seldom come to their school. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of first-generation students who did continue went to community colleges, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.luminafoundation.org/files/publications/issue_papers/College_Costs_and_Prices.pdf\">spend less per student\u003c/a> than many public \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=66\">primary and secondary schools\u003c/a>, and where the odds of ever graduating are also comparatively low. That's twice the proportion of students whose parents have bachelor's degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a really tremendous gulf,\" said Katie Berger, senior policy analyst for higher education at the nonprofit advocacy organization The Education Trust. \"The scope of this problem is huge.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not because first-generation, low-income and racial and ethnic minority students are less smart than higher-income whites; the lowest-income students with the highest scores on eighth-grade standardized tests are still less likely to go to selective colleges than the highest-income students with the lowest test scores, \u003ca href=\"https://edtrust.org/resource/falling-out-of-the-lead-following-high-achievers-through-high-school-and-beyond/\">according to The Education Trust\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But compared to the children of parents with bachelor's degrees who can help them navigate the complex college application process, far fewer first-generation students take courses in high school such as trigonometry or statistics, often required for college, the Education Department found; only a third as many take calculus and fewer than half as many enroll in Advanced Placement classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high schools they attend are also much less likely to have many college counselors. The average public school counselor in the United States is responsible for 483 students, \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolcounselor.org/asca/media/asca/Publications/ratioreport.pdf\">according to the American School Counselor Association and National Association of College Admissions Counselors\u003c/a>, nearly twice the caseload the association recommends. In California, it's one counselor to 760 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is that fewer than one in five children in the U.S. of parents without higher educations end up getting degrees themselves, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/9617041ec072.pdf?expires=1519166176&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=0642899123AE319921D20E4339C0B8CB\">the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation reports\u003c/a>. That helps contribute to the fact that students from high-income families are nearly five times more likely to get bachelor’s degrees by the time they’re 24 than those from low-income families, \u003ca href=\"http://pellinstitute.org/downloads/publications-Indicators_of_Higher_Education_Equity_in_the_US_2017_Historical_Trend_Report.pdf\">according to the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siembra, a for-profit company that's paid by participating school districts and colleges, has only early results to share. It says students are reading their college reminder texts about 80 percent of the time, and 10 percent respond with follow-up questions for their counselors. In an unrelated project, \u003ca href=\"http://curry.virginia.edu/uploads/resourceLibrary/9_Castleman_SummerTextMessages.pdf\">researchers at the universities of Virginia and Pittsburgh\u003c/a> found that text messages sent during the summer after high school graduation improved the likelihood that high school students would follow through on plans to go to college by up to 7 percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there are inherent shortcomings, Berger said. For example, she said, \"It's not going to help a student to text them to take AP algebra if their high school doesn't offer it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Constant reminders are among the many ways Hispanic young people are being pushed to go to college by a charter school called Luis Valdez Leadership Academy, spread among some prefabricated buildings in San Jose's low-income east side. College banners plaster the walls, the teachers double as college counselors and the sponsoring foundation raises money to take students on campus tours. Angela Rascon, a senior here and part of the first class, which will graduate this spring, enthusiastically describes her plans to head for college next year. But when she went to take the SAT at a private school in a wealthier town, Rascon said, she realized that \"I was the only Latina in the room.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's more than just a sad statistic. With one-third of college-age students now coming from first-generation backgrounds, it's a big problem for places starved for educated workers — including Silicon Valley, where three-quarters of math and computer workers aged 25 to 44 had to be imported from abroad, according to the 2016 Silicon Valley Index.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Newark, the water heater and Peterbilt truck factories have closed or moved away and most of the largest employers now are small tech companies that are starting to arrive. Yet \u003ca href=\"http://nmhs.schoolloop.com/file/1346927686470/1440916971118/5912293350730709421.pdf\">only about 30 percent\u003c/a> of Newark Memorial graduates meet the requirements for admission to the public University of California system\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50857\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-50857\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/03/marcus-college-prodding-7-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at the Luis Valdez Leadership Academy, a charter school on San Jose's low-income east side. Students here are strongly encouraged to go to college. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"There is increasing recognition that there's an economic imperative to increasing college attainment,\" Berger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also increasingly a concern for colleges and universities that need to fill seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This problem has been around for a while, but it's becoming more urgent,\" said Garcia. \"Because the demographics are changing so rapidly, if your system excludes this group of people, you are condemning your system to mediocrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siembra sifts through data from its partner schools and districts — seven so far, it says — and unearths good prospects for its handful of client colleges and universities seeking out, say, female Hispanic sophomores who are good at math and science. Some of the students who might otherwise have never gone to college boast grade-point averages as high as 4.2, said founder Timothy Michael Kral, a former corporate finance director at software companies whose own Mexican-American daughter asked him to help the classmates she saw getting little college-going help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are invisible to the [college] recruiters,\" Kral said. \"No one is telling them how valuable they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true, said Grant Montgomery, Dinsmore's boyfriend and fellow senior, back at Newark Memorial High School. \"No one comes and looks at Newark.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A running back for the Cougars (2-8 this season) Montgomery wears a knee brace from a football injury. He's thinking about going to community college to become a firefighter or electrician. When the team played wealthier schools, he said, he saw students who were bound for four-year-colleges and universities, and bachelor's degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their school gives them the pride,\" Montgomery said. \"It's more money over there, and that's the difference.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/content/common-core-can-help-english-learners-california-new-study-says_17439/hechingerreport.org\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003cem>Sign up \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for our higher-education newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/50855/can-the-right-nudge-help-low-income-kids-go-beyond-high-school","authors":["byline_mindshift_50855"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_962","mindshift_20701","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21163"],"featImg":"mindshift_50856","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_50040":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_50040","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"50040","score":null,"sort":[1516779640000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-tips-via-text-message-may-help-parents-and-preschoolers-learn","title":"How Tips via Text Message May Help Parents and Preschoolers Learn","publishDate":1516779640,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Tending toddlers can require endless reserves of energy. Just ask Huyen Le, supervisor of a family resource center in San Jose, California. After a full day’s work managing children’s reading programs and parenting workshops, she returns home to her own two-year-old daughter, Katelynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a lot in our center. Sometimes, I forget to do it with my kid at home,” Le says. Seeking inspiration, she turns to her phone where, for the last 10 months, she’s been receiving text messages with simple educational games, tips on how to engage with Katelynn and reminders of simple learning activities they can do together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The texts come from a team of researchers at Stanford University’s \u003ca href=\"https://cepa.stanford.edu/cepalabs/tipsbytext\">Center for Education Policy Analysis (CEPA) Labs\u003c/a>. Each message goes out to parents or other caregivers and reminds them of the skills young children will eventually need for school and how to help kids build them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach is inspired in part by “nudge” techniques, that is, behavioral interventions that push a person during decision-making towards a certain goal. For example, many employers nudge you to save for retirement by contributing a portion of your paycheck to a 401k. You could always opt out, but making saving a default decision spares you the task of regularly choosing how much to put away – it lightens your cognitive load, so to speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nudges could have a powerful effect on education. Parental engagement can be a major factor in a student’s success or failure – and parents tend to have a lot on their minds. So several researchers are exploring how a simple text-based nudge to parents could improve their kids’ academic performance by making engagement easier and even habitual for parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Peter Bergman, at Teachers College, Columbia University, found that in one West Virginia school district, simply keeping parents in the loop, through texting, as to their child’s absences and grades \u003ca href=\"http://www.columbia.edu/~psb2101/ParentRCT.pdf\">could cut course failures for middle and high school students by nearly 40 percent\u003c/a>. (The Hechinger Report is an independently funded unit of Teachers College.) Reminders made monitoring a child easier, thus increasing the odds mom or dad would stay involved in a kid’s educational life. Texting, Bergman explains, while not the only communication option, is a wide-reaching, effective and inexpensive medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program Le participates in aims at parents of much younger children. Three times a week, researchers from CEPA Labs send parents and other caregivers suggestions on how to support children’s literacy, numeracy and social and emotional skills. Bath time, walks in the park and familiar household interactions become opportunities for children to learn and practice concepts they will later use in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, a Monday message might flag an important domain (“children need to know the letters to learn how to read & write”); a Wednesday text might provide a related learning activity (such as asking a child to find the first letter in his or her name on signs or labels); and a Friday message might offer encouragement (“Keep pointing out the letters. You’re preparing your child 4 K [Kindergarten]!”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Results thus far are encouraging. \u003ca href=\"https://cepa.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/One%20Step%20CEPA%20Working%20Paper%206%201%2017.pdf\">In an analysis of 935 families\u003c/a> with children in preschool in the San Francisco Unified School District, Loeb and her colleagues found that after eight months, teachers noted that text-receiving parents asked more questions about their child’s progress than other adults, and the kids themselves improved their literacy skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the long run it tells us we can positively affect parenting, particularly for kids who have traditionally not been as well served,” says Stanford professor of education Susannah Loeb. In fact, language skills advanced most among kids who started the program with the lowest scores in a literacy assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These approaches work, explains University of Chicago professor Ariel Kalil, because they gradually reshape a parent’s routine and habits. Kalil, who co-directs the Behavioral Insights and Parenting Lab, has found that low-income parents know what they \u003cem>should \u003c/em>do with their kids – such as reading more books or practicing counting – but fail to follow through as other parts of their life get in the way. “The issue is basically habit formation, you have a gap between wanting to do something and actually doing it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the lab’s other co-director, University of Chicago professor Susan Mayer, Kalil is also exploring text-based nudges for low-income families. For instance, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w21602\">six-week study involving 169 parents\u003c/a>, Kalil and Mayer gave families tablets preloaded with more than 500 children’s stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of participating parents were asked to set weekly goals for how much time they would spend reading to kids, and then received texts with reminders of those targets, progress reports on meeting the aims and even notification when they spent the most time reading of any parent in the study in a given week. The other families received a tablet but no additional reading prompts. At the end of the intervention, the adults who had received the extra nudges spent more than twice as much time reading each week with their kids – a difference of 89 minutes on average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all of this reminds you of FitBit, but for family time, you’re right. In fact, both Loeb and Kalil make that comparison. Regular reminders of your progress, tips to achieve goals and, yes, gentle social pressure are all nudges that fitness trackers use to not just get you moving but also make walking habitual. If your device breaks, perhaps you won’t make 10,000 steps a day, but you’ll have created a routine that makes it likely you’ll hit, say, 7,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that respect, the texting-based education interventions can also stick. Kalil and Mayer found that three months after their experiment had wrapped up and the tablets had been taken away, the parents who had received nudges were \u003cem>still\u003c/em> spending twice as much time reading to their kids as the other families who participated. Building on those successes, Kalil and Mayer are exploring interventions aimed at parents’ math skills, math anxiety and improving preschool attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because these interventions help parents achieve their goals in a collaborative, not paternalistic, spirit, families across these programs seem to appreciate the reminders. Le, who has helped enroll other caregivers at center where she works into the Stanford program, says, “They really enjoy receiving the texts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She herself likes having a record of activities to try with Katelynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s good to have it in the phone,” she says, where she can save a message for later if she can’t act on a tip right away. Given the many demands of parenthood, it can be nice to know that even when things become overwhelming someone will gently nudge you back on track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>, the nonprofit, independent news website focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage2.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=a4f3e0748b\">\u003cem>Sign up for our newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Text “nudges” can boost literacy and numeracy among young children by reminding parents and changing their habits.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1516779640,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1214},"headData":{"title":"How Tips via Text Message May Help Parents and Preschoolers Learn | KQED","description":"Text “nudges” can boost literacy and numeracy among young children by reminding parents and changing their habits.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Tips via Text Message May Help Parents and Preschoolers Learn","datePublished":"2018-01-24T07:40:40.000Z","dateModified":"2018-01-24T07:40:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"50040 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=50040","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/01/23/how-tips-via-text-message-may-help-parents-and-preschoolers-learn/","disqusTitle":"How Tips via Text Message May Help Parents and Preschoolers Learn","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">Daisy Yuhas, The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/50040/how-tips-via-text-message-may-help-parents-and-preschoolers-learn","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tending toddlers can require endless reserves of energy. Just ask Huyen Le, supervisor of a family resource center in San Jose, California. After a full day’s work managing children’s reading programs and parenting workshops, she returns home to her own two-year-old daughter, Katelynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a lot in our center. Sometimes, I forget to do it with my kid at home,” Le says. Seeking inspiration, she turns to her phone where, for the last 10 months, she’s been receiving text messages with simple educational games, tips on how to engage with Katelynn and reminders of simple learning activities they can do together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The texts come from a team of researchers at Stanford University’s \u003ca href=\"https://cepa.stanford.edu/cepalabs/tipsbytext\">Center for Education Policy Analysis (CEPA) Labs\u003c/a>. Each message goes out to parents or other caregivers and reminds them of the skills young children will eventually need for school and how to help kids build them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach is inspired in part by “nudge” techniques, that is, behavioral interventions that push a person during decision-making towards a certain goal. For example, many employers nudge you to save for retirement by contributing a portion of your paycheck to a 401k. You could always opt out, but making saving a default decision spares you the task of regularly choosing how much to put away – it lightens your cognitive load, so to speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nudges could have a powerful effect on education. Parental engagement can be a major factor in a student’s success or failure – and parents tend to have a lot on their minds. So several researchers are exploring how a simple text-based nudge to parents could improve their kids’ academic performance by making engagement easier and even habitual for parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Peter Bergman, at Teachers College, Columbia University, found that in one West Virginia school district, simply keeping parents in the loop, through texting, as to their child’s absences and grades \u003ca href=\"http://www.columbia.edu/~psb2101/ParentRCT.pdf\">could cut course failures for middle and high school students by nearly 40 percent\u003c/a>. (The Hechinger Report is an independently funded unit of Teachers College.) Reminders made monitoring a child easier, thus increasing the odds mom or dad would stay involved in a kid’s educational life. Texting, Bergman explains, while not the only communication option, is a wide-reaching, effective and inexpensive medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program Le participates in aims at parents of much younger children. Three times a week, researchers from CEPA Labs send parents and other caregivers suggestions on how to support children’s literacy, numeracy and social and emotional skills. Bath time, walks in the park and familiar household interactions become opportunities for children to learn and practice concepts they will later use in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, a Monday message might flag an important domain (“children need to know the letters to learn how to read & write”); a Wednesday text might provide a related learning activity (such as asking a child to find the first letter in his or her name on signs or labels); and a Friday message might offer encouragement (“Keep pointing out the letters. You’re preparing your child 4 K [Kindergarten]!”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Results thus far are encouraging. \u003ca href=\"https://cepa.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/One%20Step%20CEPA%20Working%20Paper%206%201%2017.pdf\">In an analysis of 935 families\u003c/a> with children in preschool in the San Francisco Unified School District, Loeb and her colleagues found that after eight months, teachers noted that text-receiving parents asked more questions about their child’s progress than other adults, and the kids themselves improved their literacy skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the long run it tells us we can positively affect parenting, particularly for kids who have traditionally not been as well served,” says Stanford professor of education Susannah Loeb. In fact, language skills advanced most among kids who started the program with the lowest scores in a literacy assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These approaches work, explains University of Chicago professor Ariel Kalil, because they gradually reshape a parent’s routine and habits. Kalil, who co-directs the Behavioral Insights and Parenting Lab, has found that low-income parents know what they \u003cem>should \u003c/em>do with their kids – such as reading more books or practicing counting – but fail to follow through as other parts of their life get in the way. “The issue is basically habit formation, you have a gap between wanting to do something and actually doing it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the lab’s other co-director, University of Chicago professor Susan Mayer, Kalil is also exploring text-based nudges for low-income families. For instance, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w21602\">six-week study involving 169 parents\u003c/a>, Kalil and Mayer gave families tablets preloaded with more than 500 children’s stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of participating parents were asked to set weekly goals for how much time they would spend reading to kids, and then received texts with reminders of those targets, progress reports on meeting the aims and even notification when they spent the most time reading of any parent in the study in a given week. The other families received a tablet but no additional reading prompts. At the end of the intervention, the adults who had received the extra nudges spent more than twice as much time reading each week with their kids – a difference of 89 minutes on average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all of this reminds you of FitBit, but for family time, you’re right. In fact, both Loeb and Kalil make that comparison. Regular reminders of your progress, tips to achieve goals and, yes, gentle social pressure are all nudges that fitness trackers use to not just get you moving but also make walking habitual. If your device breaks, perhaps you won’t make 10,000 steps a day, but you’ll have created a routine that makes it likely you’ll hit, say, 7,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that respect, the texting-based education interventions can also stick. Kalil and Mayer found that three months after their experiment had wrapped up and the tablets had been taken away, the parents who had received nudges were \u003cem>still\u003c/em> spending twice as much time reading to their kids as the other families who participated. Building on those successes, Kalil and Mayer are exploring interventions aimed at parents’ math skills, math anxiety and improving preschool attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because these interventions help parents achieve their goals in a collaborative, not paternalistic, spirit, families across these programs seem to appreciate the reminders. Le, who has helped enroll other caregivers at center where she works into the Stanford program, says, “They really enjoy receiving the texts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She herself likes having a record of activities to try with Katelynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s good to have it in the phone,” she says, where she can save a message for later if she can’t act on a tip right away. Given the many demands of parenthood, it can be nice to know that even when things become overwhelming someone will gently nudge you back on track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>, the nonprofit, independent news website focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage2.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=a4f3e0748b\">\u003cem>Sign up for our newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/50040/how-tips-via-text-message-may-help-parents-and-preschoolers-learn","authors":["byline_mindshift_50040"],"categories":["mindshift_192","mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_20720","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21163","mindshift_152","mindshift_21164","mindshift_79","mindshift_917"],"featImg":"mindshift_50041","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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