How to Create the Learning Community Vital to Project-Based Learning's Success
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href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">Daisy Yuhas, The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","isLoading":false},"katrinaschwartz":{"type":"authors","id":"234","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"234","found":true},"name":"Katrina Schwartz","firstName":"Katrina","lastName":"Schwartz","slug":"katrinaschwartz","email":"kschwartz@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Producer","bio":"Katrina Schwartz is a journalist based in San Francisco. 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She is the co-host of the MindShift podcast and now produces KQED's Bay Curious podcast.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"kschwart","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"mindshift","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Katrina Schwartz | KQED","description":"Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/katrinaschwartz"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"mindshift_51538":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_51538","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"51538","score":null,"sort":[1530084687000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-benefits-of-cultivating-curiosity-in-kids","title":"The Benefits of Cultivating Curiosity in Kids","publishDate":1530084687,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Jamie Jirout was not the sort of student who simply took a textbook at its word. In her first semester of college, she asked her psychology professor if she could assist in the professor’s research. Jirout’s interest wasn’t fueled by the fact that she found the coursework convincing — quite the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d read something in the textbook and then I’d think, that doesn’t really make sense with what I’ve seen, how do they know that?” she recalls. She wanted to reconcile that gap and so, threw herself into research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her quest for answers has propelled her career to the present day. Jirout is now an assistant professor of education at the University of Virginia, where one of her primary research interests is studying curiosity in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research is sorely needed. Despite the centrality of curiosity to all scientific endeavors, there’s a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315007679\">relative dearth of studies\u003c/a> on the subject itself. Fortunately, scientists such as Jirout and others are actively unraveling this concept and, in the process, making a convincing case that we can and should teach young minds to embrace their inquisitive nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far from driving the demise of cats, curiosity comes with many benefits. Studies suggest it’s linked to \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/1532-1096%28200021%2911%3A1%3C5%3A%3AAID-HRDQ2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A\">joy on the job\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/jscp.23.6.792.54800\">social skills\u003c/a> and even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327752jpa8203_05\">happy disposition\u003c/a>. And in an academic context, greater curiosity generally predicts greater \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1745691611421204\">success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, for example, Prachi Shah, an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Michigan, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-018-0039-3\">published findings from a study of 6,200 children\u003c/a> and found that elevated curiosity was linked to higher math and literacy skills among kindergarteners. That effect remained strong even when researchers compared kids with similar levels of “effortful control,” or the ability to concentrate and pay attention. Even more surprising, she discovered that students from impoverished backgrounds with a strong thirst for knowledge performed as well as those from affluent homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At high levels [of curiosity], the achievement gap associated with poverty was essentially closed,” Shah says. That finding hints that promoting inquisitive thinking could reduce differences in school performance related to socioeconomic disadvantage. In future work, Shah hopes to identify parenting styles that help explain why some students are so driven to learn, which might lead to interventions benefiting economically disadvantaged children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, neuroscience is starting to explain curiosity’s power. When we’re hungry for answers, our brain activity changes in ways that \u003ca href=\"http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273(14)00804-6\">help us retain new information\u003c/a>. For one, the curious mind engages processes and brain regions associated with anticipating a reward. We want to learn more because the answers are satisfying. In addition, the hippocampus, a memory hub, ramps up activity, preparing to store information. The more we want to know an answer, \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02402.x\">research suggests\u003c/a>, the more memorable it becomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s also probably tied to depth of processing,” says Mary Helen Immordino-Yang, a professor of education, psychology and neuroscience at the University of Southern California. In ongoing research, she has found that curiosity can predict not only how much teens will remember about a story they’ve read, but also how thoughtfully they reflect on the story’s characters. “They can take multiple perspectives, try to integrate and reconcile them, [and] they appreciate the feelings people have that drive their actions,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unraveling the factors that shape a curious mind has long been a daunting prospect. “It’s so difficult to study,” says Shah of the University of Michigan. Not only is the concept difficult to measure, she explains, but also “there isn’t a well-defined or recognized definition of what curiosity is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than being clear-cut, curiosity overlaps with other psychological constructs such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5364176/\">intrinsic motivation\u003c/a> and an \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/openness-to-experience-the-gates-of-the-mind/\">open personality\u003c/a>. And there’s evidence for both the idea that curiosity is a trait (not unlike extroversion or neuroticism) that’s pretty stable within each person and that it is a state (akin to happiness or hunger) that can wax and wane based on context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Curiosity is automatic, it’s in our DNA … We’re born curious about so many things,” says psychologist, author and researcher Scott Barry Kaufman. But we’re not equally curious about everything, he says. Instead we each have special interests and natural proclivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we talk about curiosity in an academic context, Kaufman points out, we are describing a desire to acquire very specific kinds of knowledge. “You don’t need to be more curious about eating pizza,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210656117301472\">as yet unpublished study\u003c/a> of 92 kids from grades 1 through 6 found that all of the students exhibited some level of curiosity. But for the most part their curiosity was directed towards social and extracurricular interests — not schoolwork. The challenge for teachers is finding a way to encourage interest in what’s happening in class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way to do that, Kaufman argues, is allowing kids to follow their interests. Immordino-Yang, for example, has found that when classwork connects to topics that students care about, they engage more deeply. She points to a New York City school where teachers connected chemistry coursework to discussions of lead in the water in Detroit. “The science and societal implications inform and drive one another so kids can connect to the bigger purpose of these academic skills,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another option is for teachers to model curious behavior. Curiosity, as it turns out, is contagious. In 2015, for example, \u003ca href=\"http://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/80855c_39e522315c8845d4b0a455f105f81409.pdf\">a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found\u003c/a> that a robot that expressed enthusiasm for learning and actively speculated about a story’s outcome during a reading activity with a child could inspire that youngster’s desire for knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Jirout suspects that a teacher’s language can encourage kids to think like creative detectives about their schoolwork. “It really can be subtle differences,” she says. “Not just answering a student’s question but acknowledging ‘thank you for asking that question.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also believes teachers can be models of how to be comfortable with uncertainty. That idea stems from the fact that, in her work, Jirout defines and measures curiosity in terms of how people respond to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273229712000123\">gaps in their knowledge\u003c/a>. Teachers can demonstrate through their own mistakes or uncertainty that admitting to not knowing something opens up an opportunity for learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also adjust the levels of freedom and handholding they give students. With curiosity, you need just enough information to be intrigued — too little can make a situation bewildering and too much robs you of the opportunity to explore a topic and learn for yourself. Curiosity, then, like so many things, is all about balance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/piqued-the-case-for-curiosity/\">\u003cem>curiosity\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> was produced by\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education.\u003c/em> \u003cem>Sign up for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>Hechinger’s newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Studies suggest that curiosity is linked to joy on the job, social skills and even a happy disposition. And in an academic context, greater curiosity generally predicts greater success.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1530084687,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1192},"headData":{"title":"The Benefits of Cultivating Curiosity in Kids | KQED","description":"Studies suggest that curiosity is linked to joy on the job, social skills and even a happy disposition. And in an academic context, greater curiosity generally predicts greater success.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"51538 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=51538","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/06/27/the-benefits-of-cultivating-curiosity-in-kids/","disqusTitle":"The Benefits of Cultivating Curiosity in Kids","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">Daisy Yuhas, The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/51538/the-benefits-of-cultivating-curiosity-in-kids","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jamie Jirout was not the sort of student who simply took a textbook at its word. In her first semester of college, she asked her psychology professor if she could assist in the professor’s research. Jirout’s interest wasn’t fueled by the fact that she found the coursework convincing — quite the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d read something in the textbook and then I’d think, that doesn’t really make sense with what I’ve seen, how do they know that?” she recalls. She wanted to reconcile that gap and so, threw herself into research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her quest for answers has propelled her career to the present day. Jirout is now an assistant professor of education at the University of Virginia, where one of her primary research interests is studying curiosity in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research is sorely needed. Despite the centrality of curiosity to all scientific endeavors, there’s a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315007679\">relative dearth of studies\u003c/a> on the subject itself. Fortunately, scientists such as Jirout and others are actively unraveling this concept and, in the process, making a convincing case that we can and should teach young minds to embrace their inquisitive nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far from driving the demise of cats, curiosity comes with many benefits. Studies suggest it’s linked to \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/1532-1096%28200021%2911%3A1%3C5%3A%3AAID-HRDQ2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A\">joy on the job\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/jscp.23.6.792.54800\">social skills\u003c/a> and even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327752jpa8203_05\">happy disposition\u003c/a>. And in an academic context, greater curiosity generally predicts greater \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1745691611421204\">success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, for example, Prachi Shah, an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Michigan, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-018-0039-3\">published findings from a study of 6,200 children\u003c/a> and found that elevated curiosity was linked to higher math and literacy skills among kindergarteners. That effect remained strong even when researchers compared kids with similar levels of “effortful control,” or the ability to concentrate and pay attention. Even more surprising, she discovered that students from impoverished backgrounds with a strong thirst for knowledge performed as well as those from affluent homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At high levels [of curiosity], the achievement gap associated with poverty was essentially closed,” Shah says. That finding hints that promoting inquisitive thinking could reduce differences in school performance related to socioeconomic disadvantage. In future work, Shah hopes to identify parenting styles that help explain why some students are so driven to learn, which might lead to interventions benefiting economically disadvantaged children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, neuroscience is starting to explain curiosity’s power. When we’re hungry for answers, our brain activity changes in ways that \u003ca href=\"http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273(14)00804-6\">help us retain new information\u003c/a>. For one, the curious mind engages processes and brain regions associated with anticipating a reward. We want to learn more because the answers are satisfying. In addition, the hippocampus, a memory hub, ramps up activity, preparing to store information. The more we want to know an answer, \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02402.x\">research suggests\u003c/a>, the more memorable it becomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s also probably tied to depth of processing,” says Mary Helen Immordino-Yang, a professor of education, psychology and neuroscience at the University of Southern California. In ongoing research, she has found that curiosity can predict not only how much teens will remember about a story they’ve read, but also how thoughtfully they reflect on the story’s characters. “They can take multiple perspectives, try to integrate and reconcile them, [and] they appreciate the feelings people have that drive their actions,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unraveling the factors that shape a curious mind has long been a daunting prospect. “It’s so difficult to study,” says Shah of the University of Michigan. Not only is the concept difficult to measure, she explains, but also “there isn’t a well-defined or recognized definition of what curiosity is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than being clear-cut, curiosity overlaps with other psychological constructs such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5364176/\">intrinsic motivation\u003c/a> and an \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/openness-to-experience-the-gates-of-the-mind/\">open personality\u003c/a>. And there’s evidence for both the idea that curiosity is a trait (not unlike extroversion or neuroticism) that’s pretty stable within each person and that it is a state (akin to happiness or hunger) that can wax and wane based on context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Curiosity is automatic, it’s in our DNA … We’re born curious about so many things,” says psychologist, author and researcher Scott Barry Kaufman. But we’re not equally curious about everything, he says. Instead we each have special interests and natural proclivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we talk about curiosity in an academic context, Kaufman points out, we are describing a desire to acquire very specific kinds of knowledge. “You don’t need to be more curious about eating pizza,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210656117301472\">as yet unpublished study\u003c/a> of 92 kids from grades 1 through 6 found that all of the students exhibited some level of curiosity. But for the most part their curiosity was directed towards social and extracurricular interests — not schoolwork. The challenge for teachers is finding a way to encourage interest in what’s happening in class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way to do that, Kaufman argues, is allowing kids to follow their interests. Immordino-Yang, for example, has found that when classwork connects to topics that students care about, they engage more deeply. She points to a New York City school where teachers connected chemistry coursework to discussions of lead in the water in Detroit. “The science and societal implications inform and drive one another so kids can connect to the bigger purpose of these academic skills,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another option is for teachers to model curious behavior. Curiosity, as it turns out, is contagious. In 2015, for example, \u003ca href=\"http://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/80855c_39e522315c8845d4b0a455f105f81409.pdf\">a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found\u003c/a> that a robot that expressed enthusiasm for learning and actively speculated about a story’s outcome during a reading activity with a child could inspire that youngster’s desire for knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Jirout suspects that a teacher’s language can encourage kids to think like creative detectives about their schoolwork. “It really can be subtle differences,” she says. “Not just answering a student’s question but acknowledging ‘thank you for asking that question.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also believes teachers can be models of how to be comfortable with uncertainty. That idea stems from the fact that, in her work, Jirout defines and measures curiosity in terms of how people respond to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273229712000123\">gaps in their knowledge\u003c/a>. Teachers can demonstrate through their own mistakes or uncertainty that admitting to not knowing something opens up an opportunity for learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also adjust the levels of freedom and handholding they give students. With curiosity, you need just enough information to be intrigued — too little can make a situation bewildering and too much robs you of the opportunity to explore a topic and learn for yourself. Curiosity, then, like so many things, is all about balance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/piqued-the-case-for-curiosity/\">\u003cem>curiosity\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> was produced by\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education.\u003c/em> \u003cem>Sign up for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>Hechinger’s newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/51538/the-benefits-of-cultivating-curiosity-in-kids","authors":["byline_mindshift_51538"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_767","mindshift_1020","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_797","mindshift_20846","mindshift_20556","mindshift_943"],"featImg":"mindshift_51545","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_40082":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_40082","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"40082","score":null,"sort":[1430915611000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-create-the-learning-community-project-based-learning-demands","title":"How to Create the Learning Community Vital to Project-Based Learning's Success","publishDate":1430915611,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Project-based learning has become a hot topic as educators look for ways to effectively get students solving problems, working collaboratively and producing evidence of their learning. But as educators turn to this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/tag/project-based-learning/\" target=\"_blank\">long-standing pedagogy\u003c/a> for content delivery, it’s easy to forget to build up the learning skills and dispositions that make the approach successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need more individual ways of teaching that only do one small thing,” said Laura Thomas, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.antiochne.edu/acsr/\" target=\"_blank\">Antioch Center for School Renewal\u003c/a>. “Good project-based learning pedagogy has all the stuff we are supposed to be doing embedded in it and we just have to be articulate and point to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A COMMUNITY OF LEARNERS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective project-based learning is grounded in a strong learning community, one teachers create and must regularly foster. “Project-based learning requires kids to take risks and they aren’t going to take risks if they don’t trust you or each other,” Thomas said. She suggests teachers co-create a social contract with the class at the beginning of the year and make sure it is a living document that can grow and change. Every joke or put-down is a test of the teacher and she should stop everything to revisit the social contract and discuss violations. When kids are resisting a new kind of learning, it's often because they feel unsafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"When we focus on the skills and dispositions at the beginning, the depth of the work is much greater. And [students] internalize the skills much more than when it's a separate unit because it's contextualized.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A lot of teachers don’t understand how important it is to build a learning community,” Thomas said. One of the best ways to do this is through meaningful work, but it’s also important at times to take a break from academics and just play together. A short game outside can refocus students and build trust and teamwork at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a community of learners starts by getting to know one another. Talk as a class about who each student is outside of school. It’s not unheard of for kids get to the end of the school year and not even know one another’s names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s equally important to have good communication with and between students. To do that, students have to be involved in creating the definition of what it means to communicate well. “Instead of telling kids what good communication looks like, you have conversations about what it means to be a good community member, a good friend, a good learning partner or even an organized person,” Thomas said. She’s aware that adults often assume students understand the expectations around softer skills like communication and collaboration without spelling it out. “If it doesn’t have concrete, observable language, the teacher can’t really know if the kids are doing it and the kids won’t know what the teacher is looking for,” Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"tHqraBiNOmD3aNXLwL1jrTRvfKFxo4fz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>COOPERATION vs. COLLABORATION\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step in building a community of learners is collaboration, but first, students have to cooperate. When students cooperate, they are acting under a tacit agreement not to get in one another’s way. Collaboration, on the other hand, is about getting to the final goal together. It’s the understanding that the individual can’t succeed unless every member in the group succeeds. And every member is invested in the project being worked on together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas says you get from cooperation to collaboration through meaningful work. And she doesn’t pretend it’s always easy. But she advises teachers to stay in the conflict together with students when they arise. If one student is refusing to engage, sit down with the group and talk out the problem. Maybe that student felt his idea was rejected and is now refusing to participate. Whatever it is, talk it out. “It feels like it’s time consuming, but it doesn’t happen very often,” Thomas said. And, if teachers take the time do this important conflict resolution early and whenever necessary, other students notice and realize they won’t be able to get away with slacking off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paying attention to these underlying structures of the classroom will result in big payoffs in the depth and quality of the project-based learning students do, Thomas said. It changes the classroom culture. But, it also must be maintained. Teachers have to keep their eyes open for signs of trouble. One way to do this is to have students write down who they want to work with on the next project. Take notice of who is always chosen and who is never chosen as a partner. That will provide clues to the state of the learning community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PACE YOURSELF\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a learning community is a fundamental step to creating the kind of classroom culture that supports engaged students exploring a real world problem resulting in a created demonstration of knowledge gained. But it’s also important to recognize where the learners are in their school careers. Middle and high school educators are teaching students who have often been taught for more than six years with a more traditional style. Many don’t know how to do project-based learning, are scared by autonomy in learning and will resist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge is figuring out how far and how fast you can implement,” Thomas said, “And recognizing that it still counts if it’s a teeny tiny thing that the kids are doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New teachers sometimes start their careers energized to bring progressive, constructivist, project-based approaches to underserved kids, particularly in disadvantaged communities, only to find \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/07/07/the-struggles-and-realities-of-student-driven-learning-and-byod/\" target=\"_blank\">kids and parents dislike it\u003c/a>. But, Thomas says they often resist because it’s unfamiliar, or they believe wealthier kids are getting something different, or it requires more of them. They aren’t ready to be thrown into the deep end of student-centered learning without a lot of scaffolding to help them see they can do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas had an experience similar to this as a new teacher. She taught 11th grade English and didn’t have much success implementing project-based learning. But she didn’t have any of the tools she now has to build a community of learners, to unpack her own biases, to listen to her students’ experiences of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/04/04/how-can-teachers-address-race-issues-in-class-ask-students/\" target=\"_blank\">institutional racism and educational violence\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had been willing to get to know their contexts; if I had talked less and listened more, then I think I could have been very successful,” Thomas said. Too often, teachers hold constructivist approaches hostage to lower level learning. Students don’t get to do a project until they pass a vocabulary quiz, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Give kids the benefit of the doubt on that,” Thomas said. Often when teachers give students an interesting challenge, kids will end up discovering much of the content the teacher had set aside time to cover. They help one another and discover they knew more than they realized. It’s easy to assume students aren’t ready to solve a problem because they approach it differently from the teacher. But they may be coming from a different context and often the hoops they’re asked to jump through in a more traditional classroom come off as demoralizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they refuse to engage in our insulting pedagogy, we assume that they don’t want to learn,” Thomas said. This is where she thinks it’s important that teachers examine their own biases. It's natural to be suspicious of things that are different from ourselves, that instinct evolved to protect us from danger, but humans are capable of activating higher-order thinking to overcome those basic instincts. Over time, educators can develop themselves to be the kind of educators they want to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Thomas is convinced project-based learning is how humans are meant to learn. Other methods developed to cram a bunch of information into students’ brains in a short amount of time just don’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too often, skills are segmented in school, with a separate curricula for each subject, for social and emotional learning, for study skills. Teaching through discovery and requiring students to use skills and dispositions whose definitions have been co-constructed is much more effective. “When we focus on the skills and dispositions at the beginning, the depth of the work is much greater,” Thomas said. “And [students] internalize the skills much more than when it’s a separate unit because it’s contextualized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, students gain the tools to learn how to learn, the most valuable skill of them all.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"An under-appreciated element of effective project-based learning is a community of learners who trust one another.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1430916188,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":1519},"headData":{"title":"How to Create the Learning Community Vital to Project-Based Learning's Success | KQED","description":"An under-appreciated element of effective project-based learning is a community of learners who trust one another.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"40082 http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=40082","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/05/06/how-to-create-the-learning-community-project-based-learning-demands/","disqusTitle":"How to Create the Learning Community Vital to Project-Based Learning's Success","path":"/mindshift/40082/how-to-create-the-learning-community-project-based-learning-demands","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Project-based learning has become a hot topic as educators look for ways to effectively get students solving problems, working collaboratively and producing evidence of their learning. But as educators turn to this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/tag/project-based-learning/\" target=\"_blank\">long-standing pedagogy\u003c/a> for content delivery, it’s easy to forget to build up the learning skills and dispositions that make the approach successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need more individual ways of teaching that only do one small thing,” said Laura Thomas, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.antiochne.edu/acsr/\" target=\"_blank\">Antioch Center for School Renewal\u003c/a>. “Good project-based learning pedagogy has all the stuff we are supposed to be doing embedded in it and we just have to be articulate and point to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A COMMUNITY OF LEARNERS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective project-based learning is grounded in a strong learning community, one teachers create and must regularly foster. “Project-based learning requires kids to take risks and they aren’t going to take risks if they don’t trust you or each other,” Thomas said. She suggests teachers co-create a social contract with the class at the beginning of the year and make sure it is a living document that can grow and change. Every joke or put-down is a test of the teacher and she should stop everything to revisit the social contract and discuss violations. When kids are resisting a new kind of learning, it's often because they feel unsafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"When we focus on the skills and dispositions at the beginning, the depth of the work is much greater. And [students] internalize the skills much more than when it's a separate unit because it's contextualized.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A lot of teachers don’t understand how important it is to build a learning community,” Thomas said. One of the best ways to do this is through meaningful work, but it’s also important at times to take a break from academics and just play together. A short game outside can refocus students and build trust and teamwork at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a community of learners starts by getting to know one another. Talk as a class about who each student is outside of school. It’s not unheard of for kids get to the end of the school year and not even know one another’s names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s equally important to have good communication with and between students. To do that, students have to be involved in creating the definition of what it means to communicate well. “Instead of telling kids what good communication looks like, you have conversations about what it means to be a good community member, a good friend, a good learning partner or even an organized person,” Thomas said. She’s aware that adults often assume students understand the expectations around softer skills like communication and collaboration without spelling it out. “If it doesn’t have concrete, observable language, the teacher can’t really know if the kids are doing it and the kids won’t know what the teacher is looking for,” Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>COOPERATION vs. COLLABORATION\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step in building a community of learners is collaboration, but first, students have to cooperate. When students cooperate, they are acting under a tacit agreement not to get in one another’s way. Collaboration, on the other hand, is about getting to the final goal together. It’s the understanding that the individual can’t succeed unless every member in the group succeeds. And every member is invested in the project being worked on together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas says you get from cooperation to collaboration through meaningful work. And she doesn’t pretend it’s always easy. But she advises teachers to stay in the conflict together with students when they arise. If one student is refusing to engage, sit down with the group and talk out the problem. Maybe that student felt his idea was rejected and is now refusing to participate. Whatever it is, talk it out. “It feels like it’s time consuming, but it doesn’t happen very often,” Thomas said. And, if teachers take the time do this important conflict resolution early and whenever necessary, other students notice and realize they won’t be able to get away with slacking off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paying attention to these underlying structures of the classroom will result in big payoffs in the depth and quality of the project-based learning students do, Thomas said. It changes the classroom culture. But, it also must be maintained. Teachers have to keep their eyes open for signs of trouble. One way to do this is to have students write down who they want to work with on the next project. Take notice of who is always chosen and who is never chosen as a partner. That will provide clues to the state of the learning community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PACE YOURSELF\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a learning community is a fundamental step to creating the kind of classroom culture that supports engaged students exploring a real world problem resulting in a created demonstration of knowledge gained. But it’s also important to recognize where the learners are in their school careers. Middle and high school educators are teaching students who have often been taught for more than six years with a more traditional style. Many don’t know how to do project-based learning, are scared by autonomy in learning and will resist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge is figuring out how far and how fast you can implement,” Thomas said, “And recognizing that it still counts if it’s a teeny tiny thing that the kids are doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New teachers sometimes start their careers energized to bring progressive, constructivist, project-based approaches to underserved kids, particularly in disadvantaged communities, only to find \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/07/07/the-struggles-and-realities-of-student-driven-learning-and-byod/\" target=\"_blank\">kids and parents dislike it\u003c/a>. But, Thomas says they often resist because it’s unfamiliar, or they believe wealthier kids are getting something different, or it requires more of them. They aren’t ready to be thrown into the deep end of student-centered learning without a lot of scaffolding to help them see they can do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas had an experience similar to this as a new teacher. She taught 11th grade English and didn’t have much success implementing project-based learning. But she didn’t have any of the tools she now has to build a community of learners, to unpack her own biases, to listen to her students’ experiences of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/04/04/how-can-teachers-address-race-issues-in-class-ask-students/\" target=\"_blank\">institutional racism and educational violence\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had been willing to get to know their contexts; if I had talked less and listened more, then I think I could have been very successful,” Thomas said. Too often, teachers hold constructivist approaches hostage to lower level learning. Students don’t get to do a project until they pass a vocabulary quiz, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Give kids the benefit of the doubt on that,” Thomas said. Often when teachers give students an interesting challenge, kids will end up discovering much of the content the teacher had set aside time to cover. They help one another and discover they knew more than they realized. It’s easy to assume students aren’t ready to solve a problem because they approach it differently from the teacher. But they may be coming from a different context and often the hoops they’re asked to jump through in a more traditional classroom come off as demoralizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they refuse to engage in our insulting pedagogy, we assume that they don’t want to learn,” Thomas said. This is where she thinks it’s important that teachers examine their own biases. It's natural to be suspicious of things that are different from ourselves, that instinct evolved to protect us from danger, but humans are capable of activating higher-order thinking to overcome those basic instincts. Over time, educators can develop themselves to be the kind of educators they want to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Thomas is convinced project-based learning is how humans are meant to learn. Other methods developed to cram a bunch of information into students’ brains in a short amount of time just don’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too often, skills are segmented in school, with a separate curricula for each subject, for social and emotional learning, for study skills. Teaching through discovery and requiring students to use skills and dispositions whose definitions have been co-constructed is much more effective. “When we focus on the skills and dispositions at the beginning, the depth of the work is much greater,” Thomas said. “And [students] internalize the skills much more than when it’s a separate unit because it’s contextualized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, students gain the tools to learn how to learn, the most valuable skill of them all.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/40082/how-to-create-the-learning-community-project-based-learning-demands","authors":["234"],"categories":["mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_20846","mindshift_256","mindshift_944","mindshift_20764","mindshift_943"],"featImg":"mindshift_36102","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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