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Other colleges won't necessarily follow","publishDate":1707264027,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Dartmouth will again require SAT, ACT scores. Other colleges won’t necessarily follow | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Dartmouth College \u003ca href=\"https://admissions.dartmouth.edu/apply/update-testing-policy\">has announced\u003c/a> it will once again require applicants to submit standardized test scores, beginning with the next application cycle, for the class of 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after the Ivy League college, located in New Hampshire, opted to make test scores optional in 2020, citing the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://home.dartmouth.edu/sites/home/files/2024-02/sat-undergrad-admissions.pdf\">A new study \u003c/a>conducted by the college found test scores could have helped less advantaged students, including first-generation students and students from low-income families, gain access to the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We find ourselves missing out on some great students,” says Bruce Sacerdote, a Dartmouth economics professor and co-author of that study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says students from disadvantaged backgrounds submitted their test scores at far lower rates, but their scores were high enough that they might have helped the students get in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can see in the data: Oh wow, that student, boy, they had a 1450 … or a 1500 … We didn’t even know that. And they were not admitted to Dartmouth,” he says. “That is a really outstanding score. And, it would have been a great piece [of information] to have\u003cem>.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that test scores helped bring in students from high schools that didn’t already have a track record of sending students to Dartmouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What works for Dartmouth won’t necessarily work for everyone\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Dartmouth study challenges the long-standing criticism that standardized tests, like the ACT and the College Board’s SAT, hurt students from marginalized backgrounds when it comes to admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/issues/2021/9/28/is-income-implicit-in-measures-of-student-ability\">Multiple\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/23/upshot/sat-inequality.html\">studies\u003c/a> have found a correlation between higher test scores and higher income. And in the high school class of 2020, Black and Latino students scored lower than white and Asian students on the math section of the SAT, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/sat-math-scores-mirror-and-maintain-racial-inequity/\">according to the Brookings Institution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A years-long movement to get rid of test requirements gained critical momentum when the pandemic hit and complicated students’ ability to take the exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wave of test optional becomes a kind of tsunami,” says Harry Feder, executive director of FairTest, an advocacy organization that tracks test optional policies at colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/test-optional-list/\">According to FairTest\u003c/a>, more than 1,900 U.S. colleges and universities are currently “test optional,” meaning students can decide whether they want to submit their standardized test scores with their applications. One of the largest public systems in the country, California State University, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2022/03/csu-entrance-requirement/\">removed\u003c/a> standardized testing from their admissions requirements in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the schools that went test optional during the pandemic are now weighing whether to keep those flexible testing policies. And experts stress those policies aren’t one size fits all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned that other very different universities will join the bandwagon of the return to the SAT without themselves considering carefully whether the SAT aligns with their admissions objectives,” says Zachary Bleemer, an assistant professor in economics at Princeton University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s done research looking at a program in California that admitted students with high GPAs and low test scores. They were able to take advantage of the universities’ opportunities and resources and turn them into a successful career that wouldn’t have happened if they hadn’t been admitted. Bleemer says that \u003cem>access \u003c/em>is kind of the point of a publicly funded college. A small, private college, like Dartmouth, may have different objectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>College applications are always up for interpretation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sacerdote, at Dartmouth, acknowledges the inequities in the admissions process. But he says those inequities exist in the larger education system – not just in tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job of an admissions office is to \u003cem>interpret \u003c/em>an application, including test scores – which means it all comes down to human judgment, and making sure application readers don’t get obsessed with the test the way culture sometimes does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of experience that says that people misinterpret and over emphasize numbers,” says Andrew Ho, an education professor at Harvard University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are humans rendering judgments, right? And you hope that they have expertise. You \u003cem>trust \u003c/em>that they have expertise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or maybe, he says, you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Edited by: Nicole Cohen\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Dartmouth+will+again+require+SAT%2C+ACT+scores.+Other+colleges+won%27t+necessarily+follow&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new study conducted by Dartmouth College found test scores could have helped less advantaged students gain access to the school. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1707270850,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":719},"headData":{"title":"Dartmouth will again require SAT, ACT scores. Other colleges won't necessarily follow | KQED","description":"A new study conducted by Dartmouth College found test scores could have helped less advantaged students gain access to the school.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"A new study conducted by Dartmouth College found test scores could have helped less advantaged students gain access to the school.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Dartmouth will again require SAT, ACT scores. Other colleges won't necessarily follow","datePublished":"2024-02-07T00:00:27.000Z","dateModified":"2024-02-07T01:54:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprImageCredit":"Charles Krupa","nprByline":"Elissa Nadworny, Hiba Ahmad","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"1229223433","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1229223433&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/05/1229223433/sat-act-diversity-dartmouth-college-admissions?ft=nprml&f=1229223433","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 06 Feb 2024 12:48:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 05 Feb 2024 14:14:45 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 06 Feb 2024 12:49:05 -0500","nprAudio":"https://play.podtrac.com/npr-191676894/ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2024/02/20240205_atc_dartmouth_will_again_require_sat_and_act_scores_after_a_pandemic_pause.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=143&p=2&story=1229223433&ft=nprml&f=1229223433","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11229306627-b886fc.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=143&p=2&story=1229223433&ft=nprml&f=1229223433","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/63109/dartmouth-will-again-require-sat-act-scores-other-colleges-wont-necessarily-follow","audioUrl":"https://play.podtrac.com/npr-191676894/ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2024/02/20240205_atc_dartmouth_will_again_require_sat_and_act_scores_after_a_pandemic_pause.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=143&p=2&story=1229223433&ft=nprml&f=1229223433","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dartmouth College \u003ca href=\"https://admissions.dartmouth.edu/apply/update-testing-policy\">has announced\u003c/a> it will once again require applicants to submit standardized test scores, beginning with the next application cycle, for the class of 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after the Ivy League college, located in New Hampshire, opted to make test scores optional in 2020, citing the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://home.dartmouth.edu/sites/home/files/2024-02/sat-undergrad-admissions.pdf\">A new study \u003c/a>conducted by the college found test scores could have helped less advantaged students, including first-generation students and students from low-income families, gain access to the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We find ourselves missing out on some great students,” says Bruce Sacerdote, a Dartmouth economics professor and co-author of that study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says students from disadvantaged backgrounds submitted their test scores at far lower rates, but their scores were high enough that they might have helped the students get in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can see in the data: Oh wow, that student, boy, they had a 1450 … or a 1500 … We didn’t even know that. And they were not admitted to Dartmouth,” he says. “That is a really outstanding score. And, it would have been a great piece [of information] to have\u003cem>.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that test scores helped bring in students from high schools that didn’t already have a track record of sending students to Dartmouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What works for Dartmouth won’t necessarily work for everyone\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Dartmouth study challenges the long-standing criticism that standardized tests, like the ACT and the College Board’s SAT, hurt students from marginalized backgrounds when it comes to admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/issues/2021/9/28/is-income-implicit-in-measures-of-student-ability\">Multiple\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/23/upshot/sat-inequality.html\">studies\u003c/a> have found a correlation between higher test scores and higher income. And in the high school class of 2020, Black and Latino students scored lower than white and Asian students on the math section of the SAT, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/sat-math-scores-mirror-and-maintain-racial-inequity/\">according to the Brookings Institution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A years-long movement to get rid of test requirements gained critical momentum when the pandemic hit and complicated students’ ability to take the exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wave of test optional becomes a kind of tsunami,” says Harry Feder, executive director of FairTest, an advocacy organization that tracks test optional policies at colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/test-optional-list/\">According to FairTest\u003c/a>, more than 1,900 U.S. colleges and universities are currently “test optional,” meaning students can decide whether they want to submit their standardized test scores with their applications. One of the largest public systems in the country, California State University, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2022/03/csu-entrance-requirement/\">removed\u003c/a> standardized testing from their admissions requirements in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the schools that went test optional during the pandemic are now weighing whether to keep those flexible testing policies. And experts stress those policies aren’t one size fits all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned that other very different universities will join the bandwagon of the return to the SAT without themselves considering carefully whether the SAT aligns with their admissions objectives,” says Zachary Bleemer, an assistant professor in economics at Princeton University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s done research looking at a program in California that admitted students with high GPAs and low test scores. They were able to take advantage of the universities’ opportunities and resources and turn them into a successful career that wouldn’t have happened if they hadn’t been admitted. Bleemer says that \u003cem>access \u003c/em>is kind of the point of a publicly funded college. A small, private college, like Dartmouth, may have different objectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>College applications are always up for interpretation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sacerdote, at Dartmouth, acknowledges the inequities in the admissions process. But he says those inequities exist in the larger education system – not just in tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job of an admissions office is to \u003cem>interpret \u003c/em>an application, including test scores – which means it all comes down to human judgment, and making sure application readers don’t get obsessed with the test the way culture sometimes does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of experience that says that people misinterpret and over emphasize numbers,” says Andrew Ho, an education professor at Harvard University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are humans rendering judgments, right? And you hope that they have expertise. You \u003cem>trust \u003c/em>that they have expertise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or maybe, he says, you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Edited by: Nicole Cohen\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Dartmouth+will+again+require+SAT%2C+ACT+scores.+Other+colleges+won%27t+necessarily+follow&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/63109/dartmouth-will-again-require-sat-act-scores-other-colleges-wont-necessarily-follow","authors":["byline_mindshift_63109"],"categories":["mindshift_21694"],"tags":["mindshift_21790","mindshift_21261","mindshift_21189","mindshift_20733","mindshift_464"],"featImg":"mindshift_63110","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_62959":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62959","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62959","score":null,"sort":[1704823202000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-fafsa-rollout-has-been-rough-on-students-the-biggest-problem-is-yet-to-come","title":"The FAFSA rollout has been rough on students. The biggest problem is yet to come","publishDate":1704823202,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The FAFSA rollout has been rough on students. The biggest problem is yet to come | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>College hopefuls are already waiting longer than usual for their financial aid offers this year, due to the delayed release of the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/apply-for-aid/fafsa\">Free Application for Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> (FAFSA). But what applicants may not realize is that this year’s FAFSA also comes with a big mistake — one that will \u003cem>lower \u003c/em>the amount of federal financial aid many receive unless it’s remedied soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education is wrestling with whether to fix this mistake in time for this year’s financial aid applicants. A last-minute FAFSA change of this magnitude could further delay college aid offers, but it would also mean many students would qualify for \u003cem>more \u003c/em>help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 17 million students are expected to fill out the FAFSA this year in hopes of getting help paying for college. The form had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/05/1222892834/fafsa-student-financial-aid-college\">shaky, first-week “soft launch.”\u003c/a> Normally released on Oct. 1, the latest FAFSA was repeatedly delayed, and many applicants have struggled to access or complete the form online since it was intermittently opened to the public, three months late, on Dec. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, in spite of those problems, the Education Department said more than a million applicants have successfully submitted the form — and that the FAFSA is now available 24 hours a day, though a spokesperson said the department is still assessing how to handle the big mistake that will hurt many of these applicants unless it’s fixed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The big mistake has to do with inflation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This year’s FAFSA is the result of a sweeping (and labor-intensive) update from prior versions of the form that was mandated by Congress three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers wanted the form to be shorter and easier, with the IRS helping the Education Department automatically fill out some of the form’s toughest financial questions. Check!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress wanted to expand the number of lower-income students who qualify for a federal Pell Grant, a form of aid that does not need to be repaid. Check!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And lawmakers told the Education Department to use a new, more generous formula to protect more of a family’s income from being used to determine financial aid eligibility. They also told the department to adjust its math for inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s call this one partially checked … because the department didn’t do that last bit, adjusting for inflation — a failure first reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/12/01/fafsa-income-allowance-protection-calculation-error/\">\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem because protecting more of a student’s or family’s income allows them to qualify for more financial aid. And failing to adjust this “income protection allowance” for inflation, especially given the past couple years of rampant inflation, will make it look as though students and families have more income at their disposal than they really do. And that will mean they qualify for less student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because salaries go up every year and expenses go up every year with inflation, you need to make sure that that’s taken into account,” says Bryce McKibben, senior director of policy and advocacy at the Hope Center at Temple University. McKibben also helped craft the FAFSA update legislation as a congressional staffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t adjust for inflation, that means more of your income is being calculated to apply toward financial aid. You’re being asked to pay more for college when you haven’t actually made more in real terms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this inflation adjustment, according to McKibben, a single parent with two children who is trying to go to college would have more than $10,000 of income considered in the student aid math that should instead, he says, be protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without adjusting families’ incomes for inflation, McKibben warns, hundreds of thousands of students could either get less Pell Grant aid than they otherwise would have – or not qualify for Pell at all. The lack of an inflation adjustment will also impact a student’s ability to qualify for other federal aid, including work-study, as well as financial aid offered by states and schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is critical the Department comply with the law, especially given the significant inflation that has taken place since the legislation was passed,” wrote the heads of the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, or NASFAA, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasfaa.org/uploads/documents/2024-25DraftFAFSAcomments_30day-2.pdf\">in an October letter to the department.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem now is that all of the potential remedies come with a host of complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The potential paths to a fix\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The path of least resistance — albeit for the department, not for students — would be to simply ignore the failure and allow colleges and universities to make aid offers this year knowing that many students won’t be getting the full help they’re entitled to. In December, \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/12/01/fafsa-income-allowance-protection-calculation-error/\">reported\u003c/a> that the department would be doing just that — not making the change imminently “because of timing and data constraints but will make updates for the 2025-2026 aid cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That position may be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department now appears to be leaning toward making the inflation adjustment sooner rather than later. That’s according to two sources with access to internal deliberations, who requested anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This path would pose a Herculean challenge for the department. Students \u003cem>would\u003c/em> get the aid levels Congress had intended in the 2024-25 school year, but the change would either further delay aid offers from schools to families or potentially force schools to revise and adjust those offers (increasing aid for students) after the fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Education Department would not confirm or deny that it has decided to move forward with the inflation adjustment this year. A spokesperson told NPR that the department is still assessing its options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing it now would certainly be good for a good number of students and families,” says Justin Draeger, president and CEO of NASFAA. “The downside is that it introduces several new complexities into an already disjointed rollout.\u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even without this inflation adjustment, schools have been complaining of a compressed timeline, with the department saying it will not be sending them any FAFSA data — which schools need to make financial aid offers — until late January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In previous years, Draeger says, students’ data was forwarded on to their schools of choice within just a few days of completing the FAFSA, beginning in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means by the time schools can respond to the first round of students who fill out the FAFSA, they will already be nearly four months behind the normal financial aid schedule. And the longer students and families have to wait to know what a given college will cost them, the longer colleges will have to wait for students and families to make that life-altering decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department now faces a painful choice: Prevent further delays by denying students the full aid Congress envisioned, or exacerbate FAFSA delays and confusion in order to follow the law and save families money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FAFSA+rollout+has+been+rough+on+students.+The+biggest+problem+is+yet+to+come&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Education Department has made a big mistake with this year's FAFSA — one that could cost students financial aid they're entitled to. It's now grappling with how to implement a fix.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704985835,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1210},"headData":{"title":"The FAFSA rollout has been rough on students. The biggest problem is yet to come | KQED","description":"The Education Department has made a big mistake with this year's FAFSA — one that could cost students financial aid they're entitled to.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"The Education Department has made a big mistake with this year's FAFSA — one that could cost students financial aid they're entitled to.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The FAFSA rollout has been rough on students. The biggest problem is yet to come","datePublished":"2024-01-09T18:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T15:10:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Cory Turner","nprImageAgency":"Screenshot by NPR","nprStoryId":"1222664638","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1222664638&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/09/1222664638/fafsa-student-financial-aid-college?ft=nprml&f=1222664638","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 09 Jan 2024 16:05:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 09 Jan 2024 05:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 09 Jan 2024 16:05:13 -0500","nprAudio":"https://play.podtrac.com/npr-191676894/ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2024/01/20240109_me_the_fafsa_rollout_has_been_rough_on_students_the_biggest_problem_is_yet_to_come.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=211&p=3&story=1222664638&ft=nprml&f=1222664638","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11223626452-914236.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=211&p=3&story=1222664638&ft=nprml&f=1222664638","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62959/the-fafsa-rollout-has-been-rough-on-students-the-biggest-problem-is-yet-to-come","audioUrl":"https://play.podtrac.com/npr-191676894/ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2024/01/20240109_me_the_fafsa_rollout_has_been_rough_on_students_the_biggest_problem_is_yet_to_come.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=211&p=3&story=1222664638&ft=nprml&f=1222664638","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>College hopefuls are already waiting longer than usual for their financial aid offers this year, due to the delayed release of the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/apply-for-aid/fafsa\">Free Application for Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> (FAFSA). But what applicants may not realize is that this year’s FAFSA also comes with a big mistake — one that will \u003cem>lower \u003c/em>the amount of federal financial aid many receive unless it’s remedied soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education is wrestling with whether to fix this mistake in time for this year’s financial aid applicants. A last-minute FAFSA change of this magnitude could further delay college aid offers, but it would also mean many students would qualify for \u003cem>more \u003c/em>help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 17 million students are expected to fill out the FAFSA this year in hopes of getting help paying for college. The form had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/05/1222892834/fafsa-student-financial-aid-college\">shaky, first-week “soft launch.”\u003c/a> Normally released on Oct. 1, the latest FAFSA was repeatedly delayed, and many applicants have struggled to access or complete the form online since it was intermittently opened to the public, three months late, on Dec. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, in spite of those problems, the Education Department said more than a million applicants have successfully submitted the form — and that the FAFSA is now available 24 hours a day, though a spokesperson said the department is still assessing how to handle the big mistake that will hurt many of these applicants unless it’s fixed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The big mistake has to do with inflation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This year’s FAFSA is the result of a sweeping (and labor-intensive) update from prior versions of the form that was mandated by Congress three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers wanted the form to be shorter and easier, with the IRS helping the Education Department automatically fill out some of the form’s toughest financial questions. Check!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress wanted to expand the number of lower-income students who qualify for a federal Pell Grant, a form of aid that does not need to be repaid. Check!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And lawmakers told the Education Department to use a new, more generous formula to protect more of a family’s income from being used to determine financial aid eligibility. They also told the department to adjust its math for inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s call this one partially checked … because the department didn’t do that last bit, adjusting for inflation — a failure first reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/12/01/fafsa-income-allowance-protection-calculation-error/\">\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem because protecting more of a student’s or family’s income allows them to qualify for more financial aid. And failing to adjust this “income protection allowance” for inflation, especially given the past couple years of rampant inflation, will make it look as though students and families have more income at their disposal than they really do. And that will mean they qualify for less student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because salaries go up every year and expenses go up every year with inflation, you need to make sure that that’s taken into account,” says Bryce McKibben, senior director of policy and advocacy at the Hope Center at Temple University. McKibben also helped craft the FAFSA update legislation as a congressional staffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t adjust for inflation, that means more of your income is being calculated to apply toward financial aid. You’re being asked to pay more for college when you haven’t actually made more in real terms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this inflation adjustment, according to McKibben, a single parent with two children who is trying to go to college would have more than $10,000 of income considered in the student aid math that should instead, he says, be protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without adjusting families’ incomes for inflation, McKibben warns, hundreds of thousands of students could either get less Pell Grant aid than they otherwise would have – or not qualify for Pell at all. The lack of an inflation adjustment will also impact a student’s ability to qualify for other federal aid, including work-study, as well as financial aid offered by states and schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is critical the Department comply with the law, especially given the significant inflation that has taken place since the legislation was passed,” wrote the heads of the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, or NASFAA, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasfaa.org/uploads/documents/2024-25DraftFAFSAcomments_30day-2.pdf\">in an October letter to the department.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem now is that all of the potential remedies come with a host of complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The potential paths to a fix\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The path of least resistance — albeit for the department, not for students — would be to simply ignore the failure and allow colleges and universities to make aid offers this year knowing that many students won’t be getting the full help they’re entitled to. In December, \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/12/01/fafsa-income-allowance-protection-calculation-error/\">reported\u003c/a> that the department would be doing just that — not making the change imminently “because of timing and data constraints but will make updates for the 2025-2026 aid cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That position may be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department now appears to be leaning toward making the inflation adjustment sooner rather than later. That’s according to two sources with access to internal deliberations, who requested anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This path would pose a Herculean challenge for the department. Students \u003cem>would\u003c/em> get the aid levels Congress had intended in the 2024-25 school year, but the change would either further delay aid offers from schools to families or potentially force schools to revise and adjust those offers (increasing aid for students) after the fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Education Department would not confirm or deny that it has decided to move forward with the inflation adjustment this year. A spokesperson told NPR that the department is still assessing its options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing it now would certainly be good for a good number of students and families,” says Justin Draeger, president and CEO of NASFAA. “The downside is that it introduces several new complexities into an already disjointed rollout.\u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even without this inflation adjustment, schools have been complaining of a compressed timeline, with the department saying it will not be sending them any FAFSA data — which schools need to make financial aid offers — until late January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In previous years, Draeger says, students’ data was forwarded on to their schools of choice within just a few days of completing the FAFSA, beginning in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means by the time schools can respond to the first round of students who fill out the FAFSA, they will already be nearly four months behind the normal financial aid schedule. And the longer students and families have to wait to know what a given college will cost them, the longer colleges will have to wait for students and families to make that life-altering decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department now faces a painful choice: Prevent further delays by denying students the full aid Congress envisioned, or exacerbate FAFSA delays and confusion in order to follow the law and save families money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FAFSA+rollout+has+been+rough+on+students.+The+biggest+problem+is+yet+to+come&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62959/the-fafsa-rollout-has-been-rough-on-students-the-biggest-problem-is-yet-to-come","authors":["byline_mindshift_62959"],"categories":["mindshift_21694"],"tags":["mindshift_21874","mindshift_21261","mindshift_21305","mindshift_20733","mindshift_29","mindshift_21225","mindshift_21306"],"featImg":"mindshift_62960","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_62887":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62887","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62887","score":null,"sort":[1704193224000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"two-studies-find-admissions-scattergrams-reduce-applications-to-elite-colleges","title":"Two studies find admissions scattergrams reduce applications to elite colleges","publishDate":1704193224,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Two studies find admissions scattergrams reduce applications to elite colleges | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Example of a hypothetical scattergram showing test scores and grades of past applicants to a college. The dotted lines highlight the average grades and test scores of accepted students. Source: Figure 1 in Tomkins et al, “Showing high-achieving college applicants past admissions outcomes increases undermatching,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Oct 2023\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many high school students struggle to figure out which of the nation’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=1122#:~:text=Among%20Title%20IV%20degree%2Dgranting,and%202%2C637%204%2Dyear%20colleges.\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2,600\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> four-year colleges and universities should be on their lists of reach, target and safety schools. To help with that decision, schools across the country have paid many millions to private companies that display data on the fate of past students. But two recent studies have found that this information could discourage students who might have a shot at the most elite schools.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the most popular data displays in the college application process is a scattergram, which shows the grades and test scores of admitted and rejected students from a student’s own high school at each college. Scattergrams are a bit like looking at horse race results for each school except the names of former classmates aren’t displayed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62890\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62890\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram.jpg 780w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram-768x438.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a hypothetical scattergram showing test scores and grades of past applicants to a college. The dotted lines highlight the average grades and test scores of accepted students. \u003ccite>(Source: Figure 1 in Tomkins et al, “Showing high-achieving college applicants past admissions outcomes increases undermatching,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Oct 2023)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Academic researchers have been trying to find out how these scattergrams, which have been widely adopted by U.S. high schools over the past two decades, are influencing students. Two separate studies indicate that these information displays are discouraging some teens from applying to the most competitive schools, such as Harvard and Stanford. The researchers found that applications to these schools plummet after students see the scattergrams. At the same time, the researchers note that lower-achieving students tend to benefit from the scattergrams because the data encourages them to aim higher. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The latest study, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2306017120#bibliography\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in October 2023\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, tracked the college applications of 70,000 students at 220 public high schools over five application cycles, from 2014-15 to 2019-20. In the years immediately after a school purchased Naviance, the market leader in scattergrams, 17,000 high achieving students with test scores above 1310 on the SAT (out of 1600 points) or above 29 on the ACT (out of 36 points), were 50% less likely to apply to the most competitive universities and colleges. Consider 100 high-achieving students applying to college: 24 applied to the most competitive schools before the scattergrams, but only 16 of them did afterward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among high-achieving students, an unidentified college that had received the third-most applications dropped out of the top 10 after Naviance was introduced. High-achieving students became much more likely to apply to local colleges, which were relatively unpopular choices before Naviance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sabina Tomkins, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan’s School of Information and lead author of the study, doesn’t know exactly why students were deterred, but she said there are two likely explanations. One is that students are intimidated when they see that their scores are slightly below the average of previously admitted students. Some kids might want to avoid the risk of rejection altogether and play it safe, applying only to places where they’re more likely to be accepted. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another possibility is that the scattergrams have an unintended marketing or advertising effect. Students may feel more motivated to apply to the most popular schools where they see masses of green checks, showing that many previous peers have been admitted. Students can’t see the scattergrams for the least popular schools. To preserve student privacy, high schools commonly suppress scattergrams for schools to which fewer than five or 10 alumni have applied. Small or far-away elite schools can often fall into this suppressed category. “When the school doesn’t show up as a scattergram, it might not cross their mind in the same way it would have before,” said Tomkins. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tomkins only had application data and doesn’t know where students enrolled in college. But if students are applying to fewer elite schools, they’re likely getting into and matriculating at fewer of them too, Tomkins said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">An earlier study, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/708839\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">published in 2021 in the Journal of Labor Economics\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, also found that Naviance’s scattergrams deterred students from applying to and enrolling in the most selective colleges. That study looked at only 8,000 students at one unidentified school district in the mid-Atlantic region. At the time that study was released, some critics questioned whether the unintended consequences of scattergrams were true nationwide. The larger 2023 study bolsters the evidence that more information isn’t always a good thing for all students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Importantly, both studies also found that the scattergrams encouraged lower-achieving students. They were more likely to apply to four-year colleges after seeing that their grades and test scores were similar to those of previous students who had been accepted. Before their schools purchased Naviance, more of these students avoided four-year colleges and opted for two-year community colleges instead. A separate body of research has generally found that starting at a four-year college, while more expensive, increases the likelihood of earning a bachelor’s degree and higher wages after graduation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether we should care about students attending the most prestigious and elite colleges is a matter of debate. Authors of the 2023 study pointed me to Harvard economist Raj Chetty’s research, which has found that going to an \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://opportunityinsights.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CollegeAdmissions_Nontech.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ivy League university or four other elite colleges\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, instead of a top flagship public college, increases the likelihood of becoming a CEO or a U.S. senator and substantially increases a graduate’s chances of earning in the top 1%. However, attending an Ivy instead of a top public flagship \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/07/24/upshot/ivy-league-elite-college-admissions.html\">didn’t increase a graduate’s income on average\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scattergram studies looked only at high schools that had purchased Naviance’s product. The company was the first to market scattergrams to schools in 2002 and says its product reaches nine million of the nation’s 15 million high school students. According to GovSpend, which tracks government contracts, public high schools have spent well over $100 million on Naviance, which, in addition to scattergrams, also allows high school counselors to manage their students’ college applications and send transcripts to colleges. Competitors include Scoir, Ciaflo and MaiaLearning, which all offer similar scattergrams. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PowerSchool, the company that owns Naviance, points out that analyzing small slices of its customer base, as the academic researchers have, can be misleading. According to the data PowerSchool shared with me, 38% of the six million college applications that flow through its platform each year were sent to “reach” schools, schools where it would be challenging for a student to gain acceptance based on their grades and test scores. A spokesperson said that applications to reach schools have been increasing annually, proof that its product “does not discourage students from applying to their reach or target schools.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The company also highlighted the benefits for lower-achieving students, asserting that the scattergrams “increase equity.” Indeed, the earlier 2021 study found that Black, Hispanic and low-income students were especially more likely to apply to and enroll in four-year colleges after using Naviance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I talked with a half dozen college counselors who work with high school students and they said they generally didn’t see high-achieving students getting discouraged after \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aaronbergman.net/p/most-ivy-smart-students-arent-at\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">seeing scattergrams\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “If anything, I see the opposite,” said Scott White, an independent college counselor in New Jersey and a former high school guidance counselor for over 30 years. “Students are over-applying, not under-applying. They throw in dream applications. If you look at the Naviance scattergrams, they are not in profile. ‘I know I’m not gonna get in there, but I’m gonna apply there anyway.’ That is incredibly common.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amy Thompson, a college counselor at York High School outside of Chicago, told me that the scattergrams are a “big hit” with high school students and get students engaged in the college process because clicking on the data can be fun and even addicting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Only one counselor told me he had seen a case where a student was discouraged after seeing scattergrams, but he said it was an unusual experience. That doesn’t mean the researchers’ data analysis is wrong. It’s common for data to point out things that we’re not aware of or that we cannot readily see. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The biggest drawback to scattergrams, according to veteran college counselors, is that the information is incomplete and can give students the false sense that admissions decisions at elite schools are primarily based on grades and test scores. The scattergrams don’t show whether a student was an athlete, a musician or from a wealthy family with many generations of alumni. Students might see a green check with a low test score and not appreciate that the student had other factors weighing in his or her favor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Counselors told me the scattergrams are most useful and accurate for large state schools, where there is a lot of data and the academic range of past admittees helps students identify safety and target schools. The more competitive the college, and the more the college looks at factors other than grades and test scores, the less useful the scattergrams. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And just like the stock market, past performance is no guarantee of future results. Schools fall in and out of favor. What was a safety school one year can unexpectedly rise in selectivity. A school that was once hard to get into can lower its standards in an effort to fill seats.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t know that I care so much about kids not applying to enough Ivy League schools. But it’s fascinating how the information age changes our behavior for better and for worse, and how kids are influenced by spending hours and hours clicking on websites and absorbing masses of data.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story about \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-two-studies-find-scattergrams-reduce-applications-to-elite-colleges/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">scattergrams\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proofpoints/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sign up for the Proof Points newsletter\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Schools across the country have paid millions to private companies that display admissions data of past students. New research shows how it's influencing students' application choices.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1703990454,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":1799},"headData":{"title":"Two studies find admissions scattergrams reduce applications to elite colleges | KQED","description":"Schools across the country have paid millions to private companies that display admissions data of past students. New research shows how it's influencing students","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Schools across the country have paid millions to private companies that display admissions data of past students. New research shows how it's influencing students","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Two studies find admissions scattergrams reduce applications to elite colleges","datePublished":"2024-01-02T11:00:24.000Z","dateModified":"2023-12-31T02:40:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Jill Barshay, \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62887/two-studies-find-admissions-scattergrams-reduce-applications-to-elite-colleges","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Example of a hypothetical scattergram showing test scores and grades of past applicants to a college. The dotted lines highlight the average grades and test scores of accepted students. Source: Figure 1 in Tomkins et al, “Showing high-achieving college applicants past admissions outcomes increases undermatching,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Oct 2023\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many high school students struggle to figure out which of the nation’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=1122#:~:text=Among%20Title%20IV%20degree%2Dgranting,and%202%2C637%204%2Dyear%20colleges.\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2,600\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> four-year colleges and universities should be on their lists of reach, target and safety schools. To help with that decision, schools across the country have paid many millions to private companies that display data on the fate of past students. But two recent studies have found that this information could discourage students who might have a shot at the most elite schools.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the most popular data displays in the college application process is a scattergram, which shows the grades and test scores of admitted and rejected students from a student’s own high school at each college. Scattergrams are a bit like looking at horse race results for each school except the names of former classmates aren’t displayed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62890\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62890\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram.jpg 780w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/scattergram-768x438.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a hypothetical scattergram showing test scores and grades of past applicants to a college. The dotted lines highlight the average grades and test scores of accepted students. \u003ccite>(Source: Figure 1 in Tomkins et al, “Showing high-achieving college applicants past admissions outcomes increases undermatching,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Oct 2023)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Academic researchers have been trying to find out how these scattergrams, which have been widely adopted by U.S. high schools over the past two decades, are influencing students. Two separate studies indicate that these information displays are discouraging some teens from applying to the most competitive schools, such as Harvard and Stanford. The researchers found that applications to these schools plummet after students see the scattergrams. At the same time, the researchers note that lower-achieving students tend to benefit from the scattergrams because the data encourages them to aim higher. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The latest study, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2306017120#bibliography\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in October 2023\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, tracked the college applications of 70,000 students at 220 public high schools over five application cycles, from 2014-15 to 2019-20. In the years immediately after a school purchased Naviance, the market leader in scattergrams, 17,000 high achieving students with test scores above 1310 on the SAT (out of 1600 points) or above 29 on the ACT (out of 36 points), were 50% less likely to apply to the most competitive universities and colleges. Consider 100 high-achieving students applying to college: 24 applied to the most competitive schools before the scattergrams, but only 16 of them did afterward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among high-achieving students, an unidentified college that had received the third-most applications dropped out of the top 10 after Naviance was introduced. High-achieving students became much more likely to apply to local colleges, which were relatively unpopular choices before Naviance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sabina Tomkins, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan’s School of Information and lead author of the study, doesn’t know exactly why students were deterred, but she said there are two likely explanations. One is that students are intimidated when they see that their scores are slightly below the average of previously admitted students. Some kids might want to avoid the risk of rejection altogether and play it safe, applying only to places where they’re more likely to be accepted. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another possibility is that the scattergrams have an unintended marketing or advertising effect. Students may feel more motivated to apply to the most popular schools where they see masses of green checks, showing that many previous peers have been admitted. Students can’t see the scattergrams for the least popular schools. To preserve student privacy, high schools commonly suppress scattergrams for schools to which fewer than five or 10 alumni have applied. Small or far-away elite schools can often fall into this suppressed category. “When the school doesn’t show up as a scattergram, it might not cross their mind in the same way it would have before,” said Tomkins. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tomkins only had application data and doesn’t know where students enrolled in college. But if students are applying to fewer elite schools, they’re likely getting into and matriculating at fewer of them too, Tomkins said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">An earlier study, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/708839\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">published in 2021 in the Journal of Labor Economics\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, also found that Naviance’s scattergrams deterred students from applying to and enrolling in the most selective colleges. That study looked at only 8,000 students at one unidentified school district in the mid-Atlantic region. At the time that study was released, some critics questioned whether the unintended consequences of scattergrams were true nationwide. The larger 2023 study bolsters the evidence that more information isn’t always a good thing for all students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Importantly, both studies also found that the scattergrams encouraged lower-achieving students. They were more likely to apply to four-year colleges after seeing that their grades and test scores were similar to those of previous students who had been accepted. Before their schools purchased Naviance, more of these students avoided four-year colleges and opted for two-year community colleges instead. A separate body of research has generally found that starting at a four-year college, while more expensive, increases the likelihood of earning a bachelor’s degree and higher wages after graduation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether we should care about students attending the most prestigious and elite colleges is a matter of debate. Authors of the 2023 study pointed me to Harvard economist Raj Chetty’s research, which has found that going to an \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://opportunityinsights.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CollegeAdmissions_Nontech.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ivy League university or four other elite colleges\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, instead of a top flagship public college, increases the likelihood of becoming a CEO or a U.S. senator and substantially increases a graduate’s chances of earning in the top 1%. However, attending an Ivy instead of a top public flagship \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/07/24/upshot/ivy-league-elite-college-admissions.html\">didn’t increase a graduate’s income on average\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scattergram studies looked only at high schools that had purchased Naviance’s product. The company was the first to market scattergrams to schools in 2002 and says its product reaches nine million of the nation’s 15 million high school students. According to GovSpend, which tracks government contracts, public high schools have spent well over $100 million on Naviance, which, in addition to scattergrams, also allows high school counselors to manage their students’ college applications and send transcripts to colleges. Competitors include Scoir, Ciaflo and MaiaLearning, which all offer similar scattergrams. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PowerSchool, the company that owns Naviance, points out that analyzing small slices of its customer base, as the academic researchers have, can be misleading. According to the data PowerSchool shared with me, 38% of the six million college applications that flow through its platform each year were sent to “reach” schools, schools where it would be challenging for a student to gain acceptance based on their grades and test scores. A spokesperson said that applications to reach schools have been increasing annually, proof that its product “does not discourage students from applying to their reach or target schools.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The company also highlighted the benefits for lower-achieving students, asserting that the scattergrams “increase equity.” Indeed, the earlier 2021 study found that Black, Hispanic and low-income students were especially more likely to apply to and enroll in four-year colleges after using Naviance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I talked with a half dozen college counselors who work with high school students and they said they generally didn’t see high-achieving students getting discouraged after \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aaronbergman.net/p/most-ivy-smart-students-arent-at\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">seeing scattergrams\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “If anything, I see the opposite,” said Scott White, an independent college counselor in New Jersey and a former high school guidance counselor for over 30 years. “Students are over-applying, not under-applying. They throw in dream applications. If you look at the Naviance scattergrams, they are not in profile. ‘I know I’m not gonna get in there, but I’m gonna apply there anyway.’ That is incredibly common.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amy Thompson, a college counselor at York High School outside of Chicago, told me that the scattergrams are a “big hit” with high school students and get students engaged in the college process because clicking on the data can be fun and even addicting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Only one counselor told me he had seen a case where a student was discouraged after seeing scattergrams, but he said it was an unusual experience. That doesn’t mean the researchers’ data analysis is wrong. It’s common for data to point out things that we’re not aware of or that we cannot readily see. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The biggest drawback to scattergrams, according to veteran college counselors, is that the information is incomplete and can give students the false sense that admissions decisions at elite schools are primarily based on grades and test scores. The scattergrams don’t show whether a student was an athlete, a musician or from a wealthy family with many generations of alumni. Students might see a green check with a low test score and not appreciate that the student had other factors weighing in his or her favor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Counselors told me the scattergrams are most useful and accurate for large state schools, where there is a lot of data and the academic range of past admittees helps students identify safety and target schools. The more competitive the college, and the more the college looks at factors other than grades and test scores, the less useful the scattergrams. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And just like the stock market, past performance is no guarantee of future results. Schools fall in and out of favor. What was a safety school one year can unexpectedly rise in selectivity. A school that was once hard to get into can lower its standards in an effort to fill seats.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t know that I care so much about kids not applying to enough Ivy League schools. But it’s fascinating how the information age changes our behavior for better and for worse, and how kids are influenced by spending hours and hours clicking on websites and absorbing masses of data.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story about \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-two-studies-find-scattergrams-reduce-applications-to-elite-colleges/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">scattergrams\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proofpoints/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sign up for the Proof Points newsletter\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62887/two-studies-find-admissions-scattergrams-reduce-applications-to-elite-colleges","authors":["byline_mindshift_62887"],"categories":["mindshift_21694"],"tags":["mindshift_21189","mindshift_20733","mindshift_21695"],"featImg":"mindshift_62889","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_60002":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_60002","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"60002","score":null,"sort":[1665991060000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-still-struggle-with-bias","title":"Colleges that ditched test scores for admissions still struggle with bias","publishDate":1665991060,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>One college admissions officer at a large public university described how test-optional admissions had spurred more disagreements in his office. A third reader on an application was often called in to break a tie when one staffer said ‘yes’ and another said ‘no.’ Without SAT and ACT scores, he explained, the job of admitting students had become more subjective and more time-consuming. “I feel like everyone who reviews applications has their own perspective or opinion,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sobering anecdote comes from a research project led by Kelly Slay, an assistant professor at Vanderbilt University, who has been conducting in-depth interviews with admissions officers in 2022 to understand how the elimination of SAT and ACT testing requirements has been playing out inside colleges and universities. According to Slay, admissions officers often described a “chaotic” and “stressful” process where they lacked clear guidance on how to select students without test scores. Admissions officers at selective colleges were also “overwhelmed” by the volume of applicants that test-optional policies had unleashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our key findings were the tensions that were emerging around these test optional policies,” said Slay. “There’s a struggle on how to implement them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay’s work gives us a rare, unvarnished glimpse inside college admissions offices. It’s especially significant now because a college admissions case is currently before the Supreme Court that could strike down affirmative action, a practice that gives preferences to groups that have been discriminated against. As colleges experiment with alternative solutions, these interviews help shed light on why test-optional policies haven’t been helpful for increasing diversity on college campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier quantitative studies found that the test-optional movement, which has spread to over \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/test-optional-list/\">1,700 colleges\u003c/a>, failed to substantially raise the share of low-income students or students of color. For example, one study published in 2021 found that the share of \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-test-optional-policies-didnt-do-much-to-diversify-college-student-populations/\">Black, Latino and Native American students increased by only 1 percentage point \u003c/a>at about 100 colleges and universities that adopted the policy between 2005-06 and 2015-16. A separate study of a group of \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3102/0162373714537350\">selective liberal arts colleges that adopted test-optional policies before 2011\u003c/a> didn’t find any didn’t find any diversity improvements on those campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the move to test-optional admissions was already gathering steam as concerns mounted over the fact that wealthier students could hire tutors, take the tests multiple times and post higher scores. Other critics said that the paperwork to waive testing fees was a barrier for many low-income students. Then, during the pandemic, it became nearly impossible for students to sit for exams and the vast majority of colleges eliminated testing requirements. Some have since restored them, but many haven’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay’s research is still ongoing, and she presented her \u003ca href=\"https://virtual.oxfordabstracts.com/#/event/public/2298/submission/666\">preliminary findings at the 2022 annual conference of the Association For Education Finance & Policy\u003c/a>. When I interviewed her in October 2022, she and her research team had interviewed 22 admissions officers from 16 colleges and universities. All were four-year institutions, but they ranged from public to private, large to small, and religious to nonreligious. Four of the colleges had dropped testing requirements in the years before the pandemic with the remaining 12 doing so during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not surprising that colleges that went test-optional during the pandemic were suddenly scrambling to decide how to review applications without standardized tests. But the researchers learned that even colleges who had years of experience with test-optional admissions were still working out the details of how to implement it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officers worried that their colleges were replacing standardized tests with metrics that were even more biased toward wealthier and white students, such as letters of recommendation and expensive extra-curricular activities. One college purchased a data service that ranked high schools and factored those high school rankings into each application. Students from underserved high schools received a lower ranking, an admissions officer explained. It wasn’t a fair process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many admissions officers said that they were struggling with how to select candidates fairly and didn’t know how to weigh an application with test scores against one without. “I think the students that do have the strong test scores still do have that advantage, especially when you have a student that has strong test scores versus a student who doesn’t have test scores and everything else on the academics is more or less the same,” an admissions officer told Slay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to ignore test scores if that’s the way you were trained to review applications and think about merit,” said Slay. “If the standardized test is there in the file, it might still bias you in ways that you’re not aware of. It’s an anchoring bias.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officers also described how they struggled to answer a frequent, but basic question: are you really test optional? Students wanted to know if they would have an advantage if they did submit a test score. Slay said admissions officers wished they had better guidance on how to answer this question. Since college entrance exam scores could also be used for certain scholarships and determining course placements once admitted, it was difficult for admissions officers to say that the test wasn’t still important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larger workloads were a common complaint. College admissions officers said they were spending more time on each application in an effort to be diligent. Plus, the volume of applications had increased “a lot” at selective schools, Slay said. Meanwhile, many offices lost staff during COVID. Some employees resigned amid the strong job market. Budget cuts at some schools led to layoffs and furloughs. Slay said that some admissions offices were operating with a “skeletal” staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stress and pressure of being short-staffed and confused could affect anyone’s decision making. The conditions were ripe for amplifying implicit biases – exactly the opposite of the intent of the test-optional policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay is hearing from colleges that test-optional policies have increased the diversity of the applicant pool, but it may not translate into a more diverse student body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things we concluded is that test optional does not mean an increase in diversity – racial diversity or socio-economic diversity,” said Slay. “If we haven’t figured out how to review students who come from diverse backgrounds who come from schools where they may not have the same access to AP or IB courses, then that could mean that these students still aren’t going to be admitted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-find-its-harder-to-be-fair-in-choosing-students-researcher-says/\">\u003cem>test-optional admissions\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/em>The Hechinger Report\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=d3ee4c3e04\">\u003cem>Hechinger newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Interviews with college admissions officers find that bias still finds a way to influence who gets into college, even without SATs. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1666035562,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1187},"headData":{"title":"Colleges that ditched test scores for admissions still struggle with bias - MindShift","description":"Interviews with college admissions officers find that bias still finds a way to influence who gets into college, even without SATs. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Colleges that ditched test scores for admissions still struggle with bias","datePublished":"2022-10-17T07:17:40.000Z","dateModified":"2022-10-17T19:39:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"60002 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=60002","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/10/17/colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-still-struggle-with-bias/","disqusTitle":"Colleges that ditched test scores for admissions still struggle with bias","nprByline":"Jill Barshay, \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/60002/colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-still-struggle-with-bias","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One college admissions officer at a large public university described how test-optional admissions had spurred more disagreements in his office. A third reader on an application was often called in to break a tie when one staffer said ‘yes’ and another said ‘no.’ Without SAT and ACT scores, he explained, the job of admitting students had become more subjective and more time-consuming. “I feel like everyone who reviews applications has their own perspective or opinion,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sobering anecdote comes from a research project led by Kelly Slay, an assistant professor at Vanderbilt University, who has been conducting in-depth interviews with admissions officers in 2022 to understand how the elimination of SAT and ACT testing requirements has been playing out inside colleges and universities. According to Slay, admissions officers often described a “chaotic” and “stressful” process where they lacked clear guidance on how to select students without test scores. Admissions officers at selective colleges were also “overwhelmed” by the volume of applicants that test-optional policies had unleashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our key findings were the tensions that were emerging around these test optional policies,” said Slay. “There’s a struggle on how to implement them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay’s work gives us a rare, unvarnished glimpse inside college admissions offices. It’s especially significant now because a college admissions case is currently before the Supreme Court that could strike down affirmative action, a practice that gives preferences to groups that have been discriminated against. As colleges experiment with alternative solutions, these interviews help shed light on why test-optional policies haven’t been helpful for increasing diversity on college campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier quantitative studies found that the test-optional movement, which has spread to over \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/test-optional-list/\">1,700 colleges\u003c/a>, failed to substantially raise the share of low-income students or students of color. For example, one study published in 2021 found that the share of \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-test-optional-policies-didnt-do-much-to-diversify-college-student-populations/\">Black, Latino and Native American students increased by only 1 percentage point \u003c/a>at about 100 colleges and universities that adopted the policy between 2005-06 and 2015-16. A separate study of a group of \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3102/0162373714537350\">selective liberal arts colleges that adopted test-optional policies before 2011\u003c/a> didn’t find any didn’t find any diversity improvements on those campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the move to test-optional admissions was already gathering steam as concerns mounted over the fact that wealthier students could hire tutors, take the tests multiple times and post higher scores. Other critics said that the paperwork to waive testing fees was a barrier for many low-income students. Then, during the pandemic, it became nearly impossible for students to sit for exams and the vast majority of colleges eliminated testing requirements. Some have since restored them, but many haven’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay’s research is still ongoing, and she presented her \u003ca href=\"https://virtual.oxfordabstracts.com/#/event/public/2298/submission/666\">preliminary findings at the 2022 annual conference of the Association For Education Finance & Policy\u003c/a>. When I interviewed her in October 2022, she and her research team had interviewed 22 admissions officers from 16 colleges and universities. All were four-year institutions, but they ranged from public to private, large to small, and religious to nonreligious. Four of the colleges had dropped testing requirements in the years before the pandemic with the remaining 12 doing so during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not surprising that colleges that went test-optional during the pandemic were suddenly scrambling to decide how to review applications without standardized tests. But the researchers learned that even colleges who had years of experience with test-optional admissions were still working out the details of how to implement it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officers worried that their colleges were replacing standardized tests with metrics that were even more biased toward wealthier and white students, such as letters of recommendation and expensive extra-curricular activities. One college purchased a data service that ranked high schools and factored those high school rankings into each application. Students from underserved high schools received a lower ranking, an admissions officer explained. It wasn’t a fair process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many admissions officers said that they were struggling with how to select candidates fairly and didn’t know how to weigh an application with test scores against one without. “I think the students that do have the strong test scores still do have that advantage, especially when you have a student that has strong test scores versus a student who doesn’t have test scores and everything else on the academics is more or less the same,” an admissions officer told Slay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to ignore test scores if that’s the way you were trained to review applications and think about merit,” said Slay. “If the standardized test is there in the file, it might still bias you in ways that you’re not aware of. It’s an anchoring bias.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officers also described how they struggled to answer a frequent, but basic question: are you really test optional? Students wanted to know if they would have an advantage if they did submit a test score. Slay said admissions officers wished they had better guidance on how to answer this question. Since college entrance exam scores could also be used for certain scholarships and determining course placements once admitted, it was difficult for admissions officers to say that the test wasn’t still important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larger workloads were a common complaint. College admissions officers said they were spending more time on each application in an effort to be diligent. Plus, the volume of applications had increased “a lot” at selective schools, Slay said. Meanwhile, many offices lost staff during COVID. Some employees resigned amid the strong job market. Budget cuts at some schools led to layoffs and furloughs. Slay said that some admissions offices were operating with a “skeletal” staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stress and pressure of being short-staffed and confused could affect anyone’s decision making. The conditions were ripe for amplifying implicit biases – exactly the opposite of the intent of the test-optional policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slay is hearing from colleges that test-optional policies have increased the diversity of the applicant pool, but it may not translate into a more diverse student body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things we concluded is that test optional does not mean an increase in diversity – racial diversity or socio-economic diversity,” said Slay. “If we haven’t figured out how to review students who come from diverse backgrounds who come from schools where they may not have the same access to AP or IB courses, then that could mean that these students still aren’t going to be admitted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-find-its-harder-to-be-fair-in-choosing-students-researcher-says/\">\u003cem>test-optional admissions\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/em>The Hechinger Report\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=d3ee4c3e04\">\u003cem>Hechinger newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/60002/colleges-that-ditched-test-scores-for-admissions-still-struggle-with-bias","authors":["byline_mindshift_60002"],"categories":["mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_21189","mindshift_20733"],"featImg":"mindshift_60003","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59120":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59120","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59120","score":null,"sort":[1645203505000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-helpful-tool-for-finding-an-affordable-college","title":"A helpful tool for finding an affordable college","publishDate":1645203505,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated February 17, 2022 at 2:25 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The College Scorecard has gotten a makeover. And no, this has nothing to do with your March Madness bracket. The Scorecard is an online trove of federal data that can help prospective students choose the college that's right for them – and, just maybe, avoid a lifetime of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/07/1062070001/student-loan-forgiveness-debt-president-biden-campaign-promise\">student debt and heartache\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\">collegescorecard.ed.gov\u003c/a>, can tell you a lot about a school – from its graduation rate and the earnings of former students, to how much debt you can expect to take on. Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Education \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/new-updates-college-scorecard-make-tool-more-useful-students-and-families-data-about-college-costs-graduation-rates-and-post-college-earnings\">updated the site\u003c/a>, adding new data, details and restoring a few statistics that the Trump administration had scrapped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated scorecard lets you compare schools based on graduates' earnings, then see how those earnings compare to workers without a degree. It even shows how well a school serves its low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The updated and enhanced College Scorecard shines a spotlight on affordability, inclusivity, and outcomes, over exclusivity and colleges that leave students without good jobs and with mountains of debt,\" said U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What follows is a look at what's new and, for those of you who haven't used it before, a quick tutorial. Consider this a news story/user's manual; a newsual. For help, NPR called on Michael Itzkowitz, the Scorecard's former director who managed its launch in 2013 and its 2015 revamp.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Let's start (where else?) \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\">on the home page\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Scorecard is like a shopping mall: It has many doors. Maybe the easiest to use is the \"Search\" button in the upper right corner. Click it, and \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/search?page=0&sort=median_earnings:desc&toggle=institutions\">you'll see a massive list\u003c/a> of every school with students who receive federal student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_searchpage_custom-25cd5d75b9400069ef7ae9379a3b7a5be05ade4a-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1656\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These schools are now, by default, ordered according to the median earnings of students 10 years after they enrolled – not just graduates, but \u003cem>all\u003c/em> former students who received federal aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a fascinating Polaroid of what the U.S. economy values – a whorl of highly-selective heavy-hitters that specialize in engineering and computer science (\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?166683-Massachusetts-Institute-of-Technology\">MIT\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?115409-Harvey-Mudd-College\">Harvey Mudd\u003c/a>), and less-selective programs for in-demand healthcare jobs like nursing (\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?166656-MCPHS-University\">MCPHS University\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_earnings_custom-da04c1a5d2d893935ba72c1e34424c552ccf2483-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"753\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's a good reminder about the sometimes-overlooked fields of study that give students the most bang for their buck – something Itzkowitz, now a senior fellow at Third Way, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thirdway.org/report/which-college-programs-give-students-the-best-bang-for-their-buck\">has crunched the numbers on.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to compare colleges near you\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While some students may want to use the Scorecard to do nationwide searches, Itzkowitz says, \"Most students look for a college closer to their home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the white column along the left, there's a function to search by \"Location\" – you can either select \"Near Me,\" type in your zip code or simply look statewide. For this search, we used Itzkowitz's Florida zip code, then expanded the search to include all schools within 50 miles. Also, be sure to check the kind of degree you're hoping for. We checked bachelor's and... \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/search/?zip=33071&distance=50&cip4_degree=b&page=0&sort=median_earnings:desc&toggle=institutions\">voilà\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-nine colleges and universities show up, and you can immediately see their graduation rates, average annual costs and, again, the median earnings of former students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?485272-West-Coast-University-Miami\">West Coast University-Miami\u003c/a> is first in line because its students' median earnings hit a whopping $97,371(another nursing-focused school).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now check out the second school on the list, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?135726-University-of-Miami\">University of Miami\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1544px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami_custom-4282c7e2f2d1059a450f13eb1f6ebf49a17dc73d-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1544\" height=\"1866\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>83% of students graduate within eight years of enrolling, which is considerably better than the midpoint for four-year schools, 56%. Median earnings are also well above the midpoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 934px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami-earnings_custom-475eaeb88986da6eac63055dffa924e08d53b5bb-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"934\" height=\"466\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the annual cost is more than \u003cem>twice\u003c/em> what you might expect to pay at other four-year schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1532px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_miamicost_custom-58a4eeb61eaddbc3adab22c3d56932baf62f15f0-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1532\" height=\"785\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now scroll down to the University of Miami's \"Fields of Study\" section, and click to expand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see the school offers 93 undergraduate fields of study, of which nursing and finance are the largest. But if you sort by \"Highest Earnings,\" computer science and mechanical engineering win out. This snapshot of program-level earnings \u003ca href=\"https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics-and-government/betsy-devos-touts-new-college-scorecard-in-henderson-1905967/\">was added by the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep heading south now and click on \"Costs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here the Scorecard lays out what you might expect to pay, depending on your family income. At the University of Miami, families earning $0 - $30,000 still face a pretty steep price tag: $42,611.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami-costss_custom-306339dccd81134433a06f91aaa24f7ab78607e3-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"965\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under \"Graduation & Retention,\" you'll find a handful of useful stats, including a new function, \"Show Pell Grant Recipients Only,\" that offers a clearer sense of a school's commitment to helping low-income students finish their degrees. The University of Miami's Pell-only graduation rate drops slightly, to 78%, but that's still well above the 56% midpoint for four-year schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to find an affordable school that offers a good return on investment\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In new research, Itzkowitz \u003ca href=\"https://www.thirdway.org/report/out-with-the-old-in-with-the-new-rating-higher-ed-by-economic-mobility\">highlights 10 schools\u003c/a> that are true engines of economic mobility: They enroll the highest proportion of students from low- and moderate-income backgrounds and \"provide them with a strong return on their educational investment.\" Six of the top 10 are in the California State University system. At the top: \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?110592-California-State-University-Los-Angeles\">California State University-Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Scorecard, that school's average annual cost is a miniscule $2,768, its median earnings top the midpoint and its graduation rate holds steady at 68% for all students, as well as just Pell Grant recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While we're here, let's scroll down to the \"Financial Aid & Debt\" section:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1530px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/screenshot_aid-losangeles_custom-662d3831fdb19e4cce40b3ecb55ff3f71ad08565-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1530\" height=\"1231\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One sign of a reasonably priced school is that a relatively small portion of students have to take out federal student loans. At Cal State L.A., just 17% of full-time undergrads had to borrow, and graduates tend to leave with $13,219 in federal student loan debt. Itzkowitz found that the school's low-income students, though, generally leave with far less debt and are able to recoup their modest costs within just a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You'll find one more fascinating statistic a little further down, under \"Typical Earnings.\" It's the percentage of a school's former students, six years after they enrolled, who are earning more than the typical high school graduate. Here, the rate's solid: 69%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1526px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_earnings-losangeles_custom-b62e76b7344d18e8b48c4e968ae5a434e4915518-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1526\" height=\"1303\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For a point of comparison, Itzkowitz looked up a Florida-based private, for-profit chain called Florida Career College. We clicked on the \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?487445-Florida-Career-College-Boynton-Beach\">Boynton Beach campus page\u003c/a> in the Scorecard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among certificate schools, its average annual cost is about $12,000\u003cem> above\u003c/em> the midpoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 978px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_boynton-cost_custom-dd4eaeceab2ef9f08a0f2b2cc4208fe7c534afd1-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"978\" height=\"459\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's possible the certificate is worth that premium. Let's scroll down to \"Typical Earnings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-boyntonbeach-earnings_custom-2ac1dc180b1d429641c0dcc1f824113bc3d3440c-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1376\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Earnings here are below the midpoint, and just 31% of former students (who received federal aid) earn more than a typical high school grad six years after enrolling. That's concerning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://cew.georgetown.edu/cew-reports/roi2022/\">new analysis of the Scorecard\u003c/a> by Georgetown University's Center on Education and the Workforce found that, at 30% of postsecondary schools, \"more than half of their students 10 years after enrollment are earning less than a high school graduate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked to explain Florida Career College's poor performance compared to typical high school graduates, a school spokesperson questioned the federal data, calling it \"blatantly misleading.\" They noted that the Education Department \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/assets/InstitutionDataDocumentation.pdf\">includes a caveat \u003c/a>about the Scorecard's earnings data, which says, \"This comparison group of self-identified high school graduates should be viewed with caution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department says some of the high school graduates in this statistic may have completed apprenticeships and/or industry certifications that could increase pay. Similarly, some high school grads may have much more work experience than recent college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the Scorecard is most useful – and accurate – as a collection of numbers that, in aggregate, create an impression of a school's strengths and weaknesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's risky leaning too heavily on just one or two data points.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>New admissions test policies made it into the update\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One last nugget – something the department just added: Check out the page for \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?160977-Bates-College\">Bates College\u003c/a>, a highly-selective four-year school in Maine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the bottom, click on \"Test Scores & Acceptance.\" There you'll find Bates' acceptance rate, 12%, and new language about what admissions tests the school does (or does not) require:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_bates-testing_custom-98749cb17de761ab23b2049c7e48ba790d6584c3-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"589\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's just skimming the surface of the College Scorecard. Now it's your turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Want+to+find+an+affordable+college%3F+There%27s+a+website+for+that&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The U.S. Department of Education has updated its College Scorecard — a trove of college-based performance data meant to help prospective students choose the best school for them.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1645722428,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":41,"wordCount":1497},"headData":{"title":"A helpful tool for finding an affordable college - MindShift","description":"The U.S. Department of Education has updated its College Scorecard — a trove of college-based performance data meant to help prospective students choose the best school for them.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A helpful tool for finding an affordable college","datePublished":"2022-02-18T16:58:25.000Z","dateModified":"2022-02-24T17:07:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"59120 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59120","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/02/18/a-helpful-tool-for-finding-an-affordable-college/","disqusTitle":"A helpful tool for finding an affordable college","nprImageCredit":"Department of Education College Scorecard","nprByline":"Cory Turner","nprImageAgency":"Screenshot by NPR","nprStoryId":"1080773523","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1080773523&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/02/15/1080773523/student-loans-financial-aid-tool-college-scorecard?ft=nprml&f=1080773523","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 17 Feb 2022 14:25:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 15 Feb 2022 05:08:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 17 Feb 2022 14:27:14 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2022/02/20220215_me_the_helpful_tool_the_college_scorecard_has_been_updated.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=218&p=3&story=1080773523&ft=nprml&f=1080773523","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11080773524-f8ddff.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=218&p=3&story=1080773523&ft=nprml&f=1080773523","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59120/a-helpful-tool-for-finding-an-affordable-college","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2022/02/20220215_me_the_helpful_tool_the_college_scorecard_has_been_updated.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=218&p=3&story=1080773523&ft=nprml&f=1080773523","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated February 17, 2022 at 2:25 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The College Scorecard has gotten a makeover. And no, this has nothing to do with your March Madness bracket. The Scorecard is an online trove of federal data that can help prospective students choose the college that's right for them – and, just maybe, avoid a lifetime of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/07/1062070001/student-loan-forgiveness-debt-president-biden-campaign-promise\">student debt and heartache\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\">collegescorecard.ed.gov\u003c/a>, can tell you a lot about a school – from its graduation rate and the earnings of former students, to how much debt you can expect to take on. Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Education \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/new-updates-college-scorecard-make-tool-more-useful-students-and-families-data-about-college-costs-graduation-rates-and-post-college-earnings\">updated the site\u003c/a>, adding new data, details and restoring a few statistics that the Trump administration had scrapped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated scorecard lets you compare schools based on graduates' earnings, then see how those earnings compare to workers without a degree. It even shows how well a school serves its low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The updated and enhanced College Scorecard shines a spotlight on affordability, inclusivity, and outcomes, over exclusivity and colleges that leave students without good jobs and with mountains of debt,\" said U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What follows is a look at what's new and, for those of you who haven't used it before, a quick tutorial. Consider this a news story/user's manual; a newsual. For help, NPR called on Michael Itzkowitz, the Scorecard's former director who managed its launch in 2013 and its 2015 revamp.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Let's start (where else?) \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\">on the home page\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Scorecard is like a shopping mall: It has many doors. Maybe the easiest to use is the \"Search\" button in the upper right corner. Click it, and \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/search?page=0&sort=median_earnings:desc&toggle=institutions\">you'll see a massive list\u003c/a> of every school with students who receive federal student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_searchpage_custom-25cd5d75b9400069ef7ae9379a3b7a5be05ade4a-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1656\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These schools are now, by default, ordered according to the median earnings of students 10 years after they enrolled – not just graduates, but \u003cem>all\u003c/em> former students who received federal aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a fascinating Polaroid of what the U.S. economy values – a whorl of highly-selective heavy-hitters that specialize in engineering and computer science (\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?166683-Massachusetts-Institute-of-Technology\">MIT\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?115409-Harvey-Mudd-College\">Harvey Mudd\u003c/a>), and less-selective programs for in-demand healthcare jobs like nursing (\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?166656-MCPHS-University\">MCPHS University\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_earnings_custom-da04c1a5d2d893935ba72c1e34424c552ccf2483-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"753\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's a good reminder about the sometimes-overlooked fields of study that give students the most bang for their buck – something Itzkowitz, now a senior fellow at Third Way, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thirdway.org/report/which-college-programs-give-students-the-best-bang-for-their-buck\">has crunched the numbers on.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to compare colleges near you\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While some students may want to use the Scorecard to do nationwide searches, Itzkowitz says, \"Most students look for a college closer to their home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the white column along the left, there's a function to search by \"Location\" – you can either select \"Near Me,\" type in your zip code or simply look statewide. For this search, we used Itzkowitz's Florida zip code, then expanded the search to include all schools within 50 miles. Also, be sure to check the kind of degree you're hoping for. We checked bachelor's and... \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/search/?zip=33071&distance=50&cip4_degree=b&page=0&sort=median_earnings:desc&toggle=institutions\">voilà\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-nine colleges and universities show up, and you can immediately see their graduation rates, average annual costs and, again, the median earnings of former students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?485272-West-Coast-University-Miami\">West Coast University-Miami\u003c/a> is first in line because its students' median earnings hit a whopping $97,371(another nursing-focused school).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now check out the second school on the list, \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?135726-University-of-Miami\">University of Miami\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1544px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami_custom-4282c7e2f2d1059a450f13eb1f6ebf49a17dc73d-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1544\" height=\"1866\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>83% of students graduate within eight years of enrolling, which is considerably better than the midpoint for four-year schools, 56%. Median earnings are also well above the midpoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 934px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami-earnings_custom-475eaeb88986da6eac63055dffa924e08d53b5bb-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"934\" height=\"466\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the annual cost is more than \u003cem>twice\u003c/em> what you might expect to pay at other four-year schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1532px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_miamicost_custom-58a4eeb61eaddbc3adab22c3d56932baf62f15f0-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1532\" height=\"785\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now scroll down to the University of Miami's \"Fields of Study\" section, and click to expand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see the school offers 93 undergraduate fields of study, of which nursing and finance are the largest. But if you sort by \"Highest Earnings,\" computer science and mechanical engineering win out. This snapshot of program-level earnings \u003ca href=\"https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics-and-government/betsy-devos-touts-new-college-scorecard-in-henderson-1905967/\">was added by the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep heading south now and click on \"Costs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here the Scorecard lays out what you might expect to pay, depending on your family income. At the University of Miami, families earning $0 - $30,000 still face a pretty steep price tag: $42,611.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-miami-costss_custom-306339dccd81134433a06f91aaa24f7ab78607e3-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"965\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under \"Graduation & Retention,\" you'll find a handful of useful stats, including a new function, \"Show Pell Grant Recipients Only,\" that offers a clearer sense of a school's commitment to helping low-income students finish their degrees. The University of Miami's Pell-only graduation rate drops slightly, to 78%, but that's still well above the 56% midpoint for four-year schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to find an affordable school that offers a good return on investment\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In new research, Itzkowitz \u003ca href=\"https://www.thirdway.org/report/out-with-the-old-in-with-the-new-rating-higher-ed-by-economic-mobility\">highlights 10 schools\u003c/a> that are true engines of economic mobility: They enroll the highest proportion of students from low- and moderate-income backgrounds and \"provide them with a strong return on their educational investment.\" Six of the top 10 are in the California State University system. At the top: \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?110592-California-State-University-Los-Angeles\">California State University-Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Scorecard, that school's average annual cost is a miniscule $2,768, its median earnings top the midpoint and its graduation rate holds steady at 68% for all students, as well as just Pell Grant recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While we're here, let's scroll down to the \"Financial Aid & Debt\" section:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1530px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/screenshot_aid-losangeles_custom-662d3831fdb19e4cce40b3ecb55ff3f71ad08565-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1530\" height=\"1231\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One sign of a reasonably priced school is that a relatively small portion of students have to take out federal student loans. At Cal State L.A., just 17% of full-time undergrads had to borrow, and graduates tend to leave with $13,219 in federal student loan debt. Itzkowitz found that the school's low-income students, though, generally leave with far less debt and are able to recoup their modest costs within just a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You'll find one more fascinating statistic a little further down, under \"Typical Earnings.\" It's the percentage of a school's former students, six years after they enrolled, who are earning more than the typical high school graduate. Here, the rate's solid: 69%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1526px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_earnings-losangeles_custom-b62e76b7344d18e8b48c4e968ae5a434e4915518-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1526\" height=\"1303\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For a point of comparison, Itzkowitz looked up a Florida-based private, for-profit chain called Florida Career College. We clicked on the \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?487445-Florida-Career-College-Boynton-Beach\">Boynton Beach campus page\u003c/a> in the Scorecard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among certificate schools, its average annual cost is about $12,000\u003cem> above\u003c/em> the midpoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 978px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_boynton-cost_custom-dd4eaeceab2ef9f08a0f2b2cc4208fe7c534afd1-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"978\" height=\"459\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's possible the certificate is worth that premium. Let's scroll down to \"Typical Earnings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard-boyntonbeach-earnings_custom-2ac1dc180b1d429641c0dcc1f824113bc3d3440c-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1376\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Earnings here are below the midpoint, and just 31% of former students (who received federal aid) earn more than a typical high school grad six years after enrolling. That's concerning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://cew.georgetown.edu/cew-reports/roi2022/\">new analysis of the Scorecard\u003c/a> by Georgetown University's Center on Education and the Workforce found that, at 30% of postsecondary schools, \"more than half of their students 10 years after enrollment are earning less than a high school graduate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked to explain Florida Career College's poor performance compared to typical high school graduates, a school spokesperson questioned the federal data, calling it \"blatantly misleading.\" They noted that the Education Department \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/assets/InstitutionDataDocumentation.pdf\">includes a caveat \u003c/a>about the Scorecard's earnings data, which says, \"This comparison group of self-identified high school graduates should be viewed with caution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department says some of the high school graduates in this statistic may have completed apprenticeships and/or industry certifications that could increase pay. Similarly, some high school grads may have much more work experience than recent college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the Scorecard is most useful – and accurate – as a collection of numbers that, in aggregate, create an impression of a school's strengths and weaknesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's risky leaning too heavily on just one or two data points.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>New admissions test policies made it into the update\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One last nugget – something the department just added: Check out the page for \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?160977-Bates-College\">Bates College\u003c/a>, a highly-selective four-year school in Maine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the bottom, click on \"Test Scores & Acceptance.\" There you'll find Bates' acceptance rate, 12%, and new language about what admissions tests the school does (or does not) require:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/16/scorecard_bates-testing_custom-98749cb17de761ab23b2049c7e48ba790d6584c3-s1600-c85.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"589\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Department of Education College Scorecard/Screenshot by NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's just skimming the surface of the College Scorecard. Now it's your turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Want+to+find+an+affordable+college%3F+There%27s+a+website+for+that&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59120/a-helpful-tool-for-finding-an-affordable-college","authors":["byline_mindshift_59120"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_21189","mindshift_21305","mindshift_20733"],"featImg":"mindshift_59121","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_58743":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_58743","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"58743","score":null,"sort":[1636705417000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"most-students-who-want-to-transfer-colleges-dont-heres-how-to-start","title":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. Here's how to start","publishDate":1636705417,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Unique. Complicated. Overwhelming. Those are just a few of the ways people have described the college transfer process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://impactstudio.oregonstate.edu/transfer-enrollment-and-success-expansion\">Bridget Jones\u003c/a>, the senior associate director of transfer admissions at Oregon State University, has a different way of describing it, though: \"Complex ... but not in a scary way.\" Jones helps guide students through the transfer process because even if it's not scary, it can definitely be confusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows that 80% of community college students intend to transfer but fewer than a third actually do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these hurdles, transferring is a popular route to a four-year college and can be a great way to save money or move from a school that isn't a good fit. It can also offer you a different or new location and open up doors to career opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The great news is that transfers thrive when they transfer,\" explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.aspeninstitute.org/our-people/heather-adams/\">Heather Adams\u003c/a>, a senior program manager at the Aspen Institute's College Excellence Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do you make the transfer process go as smoothly as possible? Here's what experts recommend.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>It's never too early to start\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>First off, who can help you start this process? If you're at a community college, reach out to your school's transfer center. It'll often be staffed with transfer advisers who can help you figure out what you need to do. You can also directly contact the transfer center at the university you'd like to transfer to. Honestly, it might be a good idea to do both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need to start planning from Day 1,\" says Marisa Serrano, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.austincc.edu/students/transfer-services/transfer-advising-specialists\">transfer resources coordinator \u003c/a>for the Austin Community College (ACC) District. Her job is to help students through the transfer process, and she says students often come into her office on a tight timeline the semester before they're trying to transfer. \"A lot of things could have happened that we could have helped them with along the process if we knew they were going to transfer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says your first semester at community college is not too early to start thinking about transferring. Your transfer journey can even start in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Hauck took classes at ACC when he was still in high school. That's when he started to map out his plan for graduation. \"I always knew I was pretty much going to transfer from ACC,\" says Hauck, who did his freshman year at ACC before transferring to the University of Texas at Austin. \"I knew that there wouldn't be a four-year degree for me at ACC.\" The year he took classes at the community college, he worked with a transfer counselor to plot out his courses so the jump to university would be seamless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do beware of deadlines! Jones says the first question students should ask is, what's the deadline to transfer? If you missed it, don't worry too much — many schools admit students at several points throughout the year. Oregon State University offers admissions four times a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Figure out what you want to study, and make sure your credits apply\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A lot of people don't know exactly what they want to study when they begin college, but deciding on a major is essential to the transfer process. First off, you want to make sure you're looking at schools that offer the majors you're interested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you figure out what you might want to study, look into what credits the degree requires. For example, if you're thinking of studying engineering at a four-year institution, you're going to need a lot of math credits. But if you're hoping to major in psychology, you might need fewer math classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nobody wants to take calculus if they don't have to,\" says Serrano. It's best, she says, not to just take classes for the sake of taking classes. You want to know that the classes you're taking at community college are going toward your degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a distinction between credits that just transfer and credits that \u003cem>apply\u003c/em> to your major. To help figure this out, lots of schools offer transfer guides — documents that show which credits apply to your program of study, which leads us to our next takeaway.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Find a school that fits\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Mia Mendoza knows a thing or two about transferring. She has transferred twice — once from City College of San Francisco to San Francisco State University and again from San Francisco State to California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB). She says she initially transferred to San Francisco State because it was close by and familiar. \"I knew friends who went there, so they could help me out with anything if I needed it.\" In retrospect, she wishes she'd done more research about student life, resources for transfer students and campus feel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about institutions to transfer to, Mendoza, who is also a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB, says to look for schools that have support in place for transfer students. \"One thing I would strongly recommend is to see if they have a transfer center. If they have it, I would say that's already a good sign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second time Mendoza transferred, she conducted a lot more research and made sure the campus, academics and student opportunities were all a good fit for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about how many schools to apply to, Jones recommends \"the tried-and-true three. You should not be stressing yourself out trying to apply to 20 different schools.\" Jones says students should look for three to five schools that \"have programs that are suited to their end goal\" and that work with their lifestyle and will help them thrive in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you're trying to figure out if a school would be a good fit for you, you can ask yourself: Do you want big or small classroom sizes? Do you prefer urban or rural environments or something in between? What career opportunities do they have for you? And of course, do they offer the major you're interested in?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simeone Miller, a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB who transferred from Chaffey College, a community college in Rancho Cucamonga, Calif., recommends reaching out directly to the department chairs of the schools you're applying to. \"Look at the program you're applying for. See if it fits what your interests might be.\" Miller, who was interested in studying political science, says CSUSB's program \"stood out to me the most.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Stay organized\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Credits, official transcripts, essays — the transfer process has a lot of moving parts to keep track of. For Mendoza, staying organized was key to her success during the transfer process. \"By the time I transferred, I had Google Sheet documents listing all the classes I had and all the grades I got.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serrano suggests saving your class syllabuses. \"Take a picture, store it in the drive or keep a hard copy,\" she says. Your syllabuses can help with transferring out of state or to private universities. If you're trying to make a class apply to a course at a four-year institution, she says it can help to have the syllabus as a record of what you did for that class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You'll also need to request official transcripts from all the schools you've taken classes at, usually through an office called the registrar — which is the official record keeper of a college. Miller recommends clarifying how the transcripts are being sent because schools do it differently: \"Am I sending it? Or are you doing it on my behalf?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're planning to move out of state to transfer, you'll also need to establish residency to qualify for in-state tuition. Hannah Beck, who transferred from the University of Alaska Fairbanks to Oregon State University, says to make sure you keep track of important documents such as bank statements and mail that show your new address. You might also need government-issued documents such as a voter registration card dated at least 12 months prior to your first day of class. Make sure to check your state's guidelines for establishing residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For people who work in transfer admissions at four-year schools, like Jones, or transfer counselors at community colleges, like Serrano, their whole job is designed to help you through this process, so take advantage of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarissa Perez, a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB, says to reach out to the university you want to attend and ask questions. \"Find those email addresses and literally ask all the questions that you have as transfer students.\" Most college websites have a directory to look up contact information for members of the transfer staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says that just because you're familiar with the ropes of post-secondary education doesn't mean you don't need support transferring to another institution. \"The expectation is that we already know how to college — we've already done the community college, we know what it takes and we know the whole process. But that's not true because the university system is a completely different monster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don't have questions, she still recommends reaching out. \"Just find an email address and say, 'Hey, I'm a transfer student thinking about coming in. Is there anything you can share with me?' Because if you never reach out, you're not going to get anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was adapted for digital by Clare Marie Schneider, who also produced the audio portion of this story, with engineering support from Neal Rauch.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'd love to hear from you. If you have a good life hack, leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823, or email us at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>LifeKit@npr.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. Your tip could appear in an upcoming episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you love Life Kit and want more,\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem> subscribe to our newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Most+students+who+want+to+transfer+colleges+don%27t.+Here%27s+how+to+start&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. The process can be complicated and confusing and differ from state to state and institution to institution. Despite these hurdles, transferring is a common route to a four-year college. So how do you make the process go as smoothly as possible? Start early, stay organized and find a good fit.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1636705417,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1673},"headData":{"title":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. Here's how to start - MindShift","description":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. The process can be complicated and confusing and differ from state to state and institution to institution. Despite these hurdles, transferring is a common route to a four-year college. So how do you make the process go as smoothly as possible? Start early, stay organized and find a good fit.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. Here's how to start","datePublished":"2021-11-12T08:23:37.000Z","dateModified":"2021-11-12T08:23:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"58743 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=58743","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2021/11/12/most-students-who-want-to-transfer-colleges-dont-heres-how-to-start/","disqusTitle":"Most students who want to transfer colleges don't. Here's how to start","nprByline":"Elissa Nadworny and Clare Marie Schneider","nprImageAgency":"Annelise Capossela for NPR","nprStoryId":"1054306602","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1054306602&profileTypeId=15&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/10/1054306602/how-to-transfer-colleges?ft=nprml&f=1054306602","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 11 Nov 2021 00:03:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 11 Nov 2021 00:03:42 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 11 Nov 2021 12:03:21 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/lifekit/2021/11/20211111_lifekit_transferring_college_life_kit__-_final.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&aggIds=676529561&d=1168&p=510338&story=1054306602&t=podcast&e=1054306602&ft=nprml&f=1054306602","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11054444268-cdb1cc.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&aggIds=676529561&d=1168&p=510338&story=1054306602&t=podcast&e=1054306602&ft=nprml&f=1054306602","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/mindshift/58743/most-students-who-want-to-transfer-colleges-dont-heres-how-to-start","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/lifekit/2021/11/20211111_lifekit_transferring_college_life_kit__-_final.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&aggIds=676529561&d=1168&p=510338&story=1054306602&t=podcast&e=1054306602&ft=nprml&f=1054306602","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Unique. Complicated. Overwhelming. Those are just a few of the ways people have described the college transfer process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://impactstudio.oregonstate.edu/transfer-enrollment-and-success-expansion\">Bridget Jones\u003c/a>, the senior associate director of transfer admissions at Oregon State University, has a different way of describing it, though: \"Complex ... but not in a scary way.\" Jones helps guide students through the transfer process because even if it's not scary, it can definitely be confusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows that 80% of community college students intend to transfer but fewer than a third actually do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these hurdles, transferring is a popular route to a four-year college and can be a great way to save money or move from a school that isn't a good fit. It can also offer you a different or new location and open up doors to career opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The great news is that transfers thrive when they transfer,\" explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.aspeninstitute.org/our-people/heather-adams/\">Heather Adams\u003c/a>, a senior program manager at the Aspen Institute's College Excellence Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do you make the transfer process go as smoothly as possible? Here's what experts recommend.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>It's never too early to start\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>First off, who can help you start this process? If you're at a community college, reach out to your school's transfer center. It'll often be staffed with transfer advisers who can help you figure out what you need to do. You can also directly contact the transfer center at the university you'd like to transfer to. Honestly, it might be a good idea to do both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need to start planning from Day 1,\" says Marisa Serrano, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.austincc.edu/students/transfer-services/transfer-advising-specialists\">transfer resources coordinator \u003c/a>for the Austin Community College (ACC) District. Her job is to help students through the transfer process, and she says students often come into her office on a tight timeline the semester before they're trying to transfer. \"A lot of things could have happened that we could have helped them with along the process if we knew they were going to transfer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says your first semester at community college is not too early to start thinking about transferring. Your transfer journey can even start in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Hauck took classes at ACC when he was still in high school. That's when he started to map out his plan for graduation. \"I always knew I was pretty much going to transfer from ACC,\" says Hauck, who did his freshman year at ACC before transferring to the University of Texas at Austin. \"I knew that there wouldn't be a four-year degree for me at ACC.\" The year he took classes at the community college, he worked with a transfer counselor to plot out his courses so the jump to university would be seamless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do beware of deadlines! Jones says the first question students should ask is, what's the deadline to transfer? If you missed it, don't worry too much — many schools admit students at several points throughout the year. Oregon State University offers admissions four times a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Figure out what you want to study, and make sure your credits apply\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A lot of people don't know exactly what they want to study when they begin college, but deciding on a major is essential to the transfer process. First off, you want to make sure you're looking at schools that offer the majors you're interested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you figure out what you might want to study, look into what credits the degree requires. For example, if you're thinking of studying engineering at a four-year institution, you're going to need a lot of math credits. But if you're hoping to major in psychology, you might need fewer math classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nobody wants to take calculus if they don't have to,\" says Serrano. It's best, she says, not to just take classes for the sake of taking classes. You want to know that the classes you're taking at community college are going toward your degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a distinction between credits that just transfer and credits that \u003cem>apply\u003c/em> to your major. To help figure this out, lots of schools offer transfer guides — documents that show which credits apply to your program of study, which leads us to our next takeaway.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Find a school that fits\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Mia Mendoza knows a thing or two about transferring. She has transferred twice — once from City College of San Francisco to San Francisco State University and again from San Francisco State to California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB). She says she initially transferred to San Francisco State because it was close by and familiar. \"I knew friends who went there, so they could help me out with anything if I needed it.\" In retrospect, she wishes she'd done more research about student life, resources for transfer students and campus feel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about institutions to transfer to, Mendoza, who is also a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB, says to look for schools that have support in place for transfer students. \"One thing I would strongly recommend is to see if they have a transfer center. If they have it, I would say that's already a good sign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second time Mendoza transferred, she conducted a lot more research and made sure the campus, academics and student opportunities were all a good fit for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about how many schools to apply to, Jones recommends \"the tried-and-true three. You should not be stressing yourself out trying to apply to 20 different schools.\" Jones says students should look for three to five schools that \"have programs that are suited to their end goal\" and that work with their lifestyle and will help them thrive in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you're trying to figure out if a school would be a good fit for you, you can ask yourself: Do you want big or small classroom sizes? Do you prefer urban or rural environments or something in between? What career opportunities do they have for you? And of course, do they offer the major you're interested in?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simeone Miller, a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB who transferred from Chaffey College, a community college in Rancho Cucamonga, Calif., recommends reaching out directly to the department chairs of the schools you're applying to. \"Look at the program you're applying for. See if it fits what your interests might be.\" Miller, who was interested in studying political science, says CSUSB's program \"stood out to me the most.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Stay organized\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Credits, official transcripts, essays — the transfer process has a lot of moving parts to keep track of. For Mendoza, staying organized was key to her success during the transfer process. \"By the time I transferred, I had Google Sheet documents listing all the classes I had and all the grades I got.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serrano suggests saving your class syllabuses. \"Take a picture, store it in the drive or keep a hard copy,\" she says. Your syllabuses can help with transferring out of state or to private universities. If you're trying to make a class apply to a course at a four-year institution, she says it can help to have the syllabus as a record of what you did for that class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You'll also need to request official transcripts from all the schools you've taken classes at, usually through an office called the registrar — which is the official record keeper of a college. Miller recommends clarifying how the transcripts are being sent because schools do it differently: \"Am I sending it? Or are you doing it on my behalf?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're planning to move out of state to transfer, you'll also need to establish residency to qualify for in-state tuition. Hannah Beck, who transferred from the University of Alaska Fairbanks to Oregon State University, says to make sure you keep track of important documents such as bank statements and mail that show your new address. You might also need government-issued documents such as a voter registration card dated at least 12 months prior to your first day of class. Make sure to check your state's guidelines for establishing residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For people who work in transfer admissions at four-year schools, like Jones, or transfer counselors at community colleges, like Serrano, their whole job is designed to help you through this process, so take advantage of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarissa Perez, a transfer peer mentor at CSUSB, says to reach out to the university you want to attend and ask questions. \"Find those email addresses and literally ask all the questions that you have as transfer students.\" Most college websites have a directory to look up contact information for members of the transfer staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says that just because you're familiar with the ropes of post-secondary education doesn't mean you don't need support transferring to another institution. \"The expectation is that we already know how to college — we've already done the community college, we know what it takes and we know the whole process. But that's not true because the university system is a completely different monster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don't have questions, she still recommends reaching out. \"Just find an email address and say, 'Hey, I'm a transfer student thinking about coming in. Is there anything you can share with me?' Because if you never reach out, you're not going to get anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was adapted for digital by Clare Marie Schneider, who also produced the audio portion of this story, with engineering support from Neal Rauch.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'd love to hear from you. If you have a good life hack, leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823, or email us at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>LifeKit@npr.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. Your tip could appear in an upcoming episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you love Life Kit and want more,\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem> subscribe to our newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Most+students+who+want+to+transfer+colleges+don%27t.+Here%27s+how+to+start&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/58743/most-students-who-want-to-transfer-colleges-dont-heres-how-to-start","authors":["byline_mindshift_58743"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_20733","mindshift_21452","mindshift_20966"],"featImg":"mindshift_58744","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_55805":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_55805","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"55805","score":null,"sort":[1588324780000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"from-private-to-public-a-college-counselor-straddles-an-economic-divide","title":"From Private to Public: A College Counselor Straddles an Economic Divide","publishDate":1588324780,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about college counselors was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/special-reports/higher-education/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for our \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>higher education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>SAN RAFAEL, Calif. — When California schools closed on March 13 in response to the coronavirus, college counselor Brad Ward didn’t know it would be the last day she’d see many of her students at Terra Linda High School. A few weeks later, school was canceled for the rest of the year, leaving her scrambling to stay connected with her seniors who are at a critical stage in determining their post-graduation plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, she spends her time doing counseling sessions via Zoom and Facebook, editing juniors’ essays in Google Docs and trying to contact all 320 members of the class of 2020. She and her colleagues hope to reach every senior by email, phone or social media. Some have not signed in for a single remote class, and many have not picked up the laptops and hotspots offered by Terra Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some seniors that we're not ever going to hear from ever again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not how Ward typically works. Up until six weeks ago, she spent her days in Terra Linda’s College and Career Center, a converted classroom off the school’s busiest thoroughfare. In between second and third periods, she would stand at the intersection of the school’s main corridors, fielding questions about standardized tests and high school transcripts from students walking by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55809\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55809\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward counsels a student at the College and Career Center. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While private high schools can often afford to employ staff like Ward who are devoted exclusively to helping students plan for college and their futures, these jobs are rare at public schools. Ward is unusual, too, because she had made the leap from college admissions to private school to public school, and she is trying to bring the individualized approach of private college counseling to large, economically diverse public schools where she can make a bigger difference. As one of the few transgender college counselors in the country, if not the only one, she is also in a unique position to bring visibility to LGBTQ+ issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward, 51, began her education career at Bucknell University, her alma mater, where she spent seven years working in admissions Then she was recruited to work as a college counselor at the Menlo School, a private school in Atherton, California, with a $50,000 annual price tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Menlo, her days revolved around helping students curate their high school careers and lists of colleges. She also wrote detailed recommendations for each student and developed relationships with admissions officers at highly selective colleges and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d think, ‘Maybe I should call Dartmouth again because I haven’t called them in two weeks,’ ” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her caseload was typically around 35 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a big difference from her current role, in which she and a colleague try to serve all 320 seniors and counsel younger students. “At a public school,” said Ward, “you might be lucky to meet with some students once for half an hour or 45 minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ward is committed to making sure her students get guidance tailored to their individual needs. On a Friday morning in January, Ward met with Terra Linda’s three school counselors to plan a parents’ night for juniors and organize a career and technical fair. Later that morning, she chatted with an adviser from the nearby College of Marin, where some Terra Linda students take classes for college credit, and she met with Katy Dunlap, the school principal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55811\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">College counselor Brad Ward meets with school principal Katy Dunlap at Terra Linda High School. Ward brings a wealth of knowledge of the college admissions process due to her experience as a former admissions officer. “We’re totally lucky that Brad applied,” Dunlap said. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dunlap said she was struck during Ward’s interview by her in-depth knowledge of specific colleges. Ward has visited more than 300 college and university campuses in her 20-year career in admissions and college counseling. “I’d never met anyone who has gone to as many colleges or universities,” Dunlap said of Ward. That allows Ward “to really individualize for kids what would be a good fit for them,” the principal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a little obsessed,” Ward said sheepishly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past spring break, she road-tripped through the South and visited more than a dozen colleges and universities in Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee and Alabama. Her new goal is to visit all 115 community colleges in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public school system isn’t geared to attracting counselors who have that kind of detailed experience with colleges and college admissions. Counseling jobs at most public schools require a master’s degree and a state credential, but the training – and responsibilities – focus on mental health counseling, not college and career guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing the need, Terra Linda a few years ago joined a small number of high schools that have added full-time college and career counseling jobs, often with the help of outside dollars. Ward’s position is funded by HeadsUp, a nonprofit foundation that supplements the budgets of local schools. Paradoxically, her job is a classified position that doesn’t require a post-secondary credential, not even a bachelor’s degree, though this varies by school and district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, says Dunlap. “It’s very, very challenging to be counseling kids about college when you haven’t even gone yourself,” she said. “We’re totally lucky that Brad applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55808\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55808\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">College counselor Brad Ward advises a student on the admissions process at Terra Linda High School’s College and Career Center. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Following her meeting with Dunlap, Ward returned to the College and Career Center to greet two Army recruiters who were there to set up a booth in the quad at lunch. Despite the military’s prohibition on transgender service members, Ward believes the military is a good career option for some students. Her father was in the Army, and she welcomes its representatives to campus each month. “Military folks are some of the bravest people I know, and give me inspiration for what I’m trying to do,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another afternoon, right before schools shut, Ward met with the mother of a senior who was worried about her son’s college prospects, followed by a bubbly 11th grader, Angela, who wanted help narrowing a list of 30 colleges. Ward advised her to start thinking about teacher recommendations and to create an account for the Common App, the online application system used by more than 800 colleges. She also warned Angela that writing essays would be the most time-consuming part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela buried her face in her hands. “I’m so paranoid I’m not going to get in anywhere,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t worry, there’s a college for everybody,” Ward reassured her. “It’s a stressful process, but you’re only going to go through it once.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then another junior, Stella, came in with her mother, who explained that neither she nor her husband had gone to college. “We’re just starting to think about it,” she said. “I know there’s just so much to know and so many places she could go.” She asked when they would need to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, known as the FAFSA, which opens on Oct. 1 for the next academic year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Ward’s time is now spent helping 17-year-olds sort through their parents’ tax returns to fill out the FAFSA. That wasn’t something she had much experience with in private school, where many families pay for college out of pocket. It’s been a “vertical learning curve,” she said of her transition. “I’ve learned more in the last year and a half than I did in all the 18 and a half years before that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The career shift has come at great personal expense. When she was initially hired as a full-time counselor at Terra Linda, Ward was making around $40,000 for the academic year, a third of what she earned at the private school. But she said it has been worth it because she’s using her expertise to help kids who have nowhere else to turn for college and career advice, not just assisting so many already privileged to accumulate more privilege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can help so many kids directly,” she said. “I'm just trying to do a good thing that can help a lot of people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s another reason Ward feels strongly about being visible to students. She’s aware of how, as a transgender educator, simply being present for students can alter lives. Research shows that having a \u003ca href=\"https://www.thetrevorproject.org/2019/06/27/research-brief-accepting-adults-reduce-suicide-attempts-among-lgbtq-youth/\">supportive adult\u003c/a> can significantly reduce incidences of suicide among LGBTQ+ young people, and that LGBTQ+ students who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.glsen.org/blog/lgbtq-educators-what-we-know-and-what-they-need\">exposed to positive representations\u003c/a> of gay and transgender people and history report performing better in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’m standing in the hallway, kids walking by get to know me,” said Ward. “They know that I’m there for them. Plus there’s the visibility of being outwardly transgender— ‘Oh, there’s Brad in a skirt, that’s different.’ It’s important to me to be visible for the LGBTQ+ community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55817\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55817\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-160x240.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-800x1200.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-768x1152.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-1020x1530.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward is a former admissions officer who made the rare switch from public to private high schools two years ago. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also wants to encourage other LGBTQ+ individuals, who have \u003ca href=\"https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137535252\">historically been excluded\u003c/a> from working in the public education system, to consider college counseling as a career option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Ward began to come out as transgender in 2015. In 2017, after 10 years at the Menlo School, she took a job at another private school, the Alto International School, where she has continued to consult part time. That summer, she also began a two-year term on the board of the nonprofit Western Association for College Admission Counseling.*\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, only one of the group’s 30 board members or other leaders was employed at a public high school. In addition, only one-third of the association’s college counseling membership was made up of public school counselors, when \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/blogs/nces/post/back-to-school-by-the-numbers-2019-20-school-year\">almost\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/blogs/nces/post/back-to-school-by-the-numbers-2019-20-school-year\"> 90 percent of students\u003c/a> in the United States attend public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has started to change, though. Last year, the association invited public school counselors to join for free, which has boosted their representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward’s experience as a board member with the association prompted her to start thinking about making the switch to public schools. In 2018, she eagerly took a college counseling job at Menlo-Atherton, a public high school with 2,400 students. It was a temporary, one-year position without benefits. The next year, she joined Terra Linda in San Rafael, which is coincidentally where she grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55813\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward helped Terra Linda senior Abby Hakewill navigate the college process. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the school is an hour-and-a-half drive from her rent-controlled apartment in Menlo Park. Ward said she couldn’t find a landlord in San Rafael who would rent to her on her salary, so she made the difficult decision to scale back to two days a week starting in January. To make ends meet, she has continued part time at Alto International School and as an independent college counselor for private clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Menlo-Atherton, Ward worked with a student named Melody De La Quintana. The first-generation college student is now a business administration and political science major at University of Redlands, a college Ward suggested. “If Brad hadn’t given me the advice to go see the school in person, I don’t think I would have ended up where I am now,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De La Quintana said Ward was her sole source of information about higher education. “My parents have never been to college,” she said. “They don’t know the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another former student, Lauren Lutge, said Ward was the only adult at school who truly believed in her. Lutge’s grades had dropped in her early high school years due to mental health struggles, and she didn’t know what to do after graduation. “I didn’t have any direction,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lutge was surprised when Ward seemed motivated to help her through the college process. “Brad was a person on campus that I felt like genuinely cared about me,” said Lutge, now an English major at Santa Barbara City College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Terra Linda closed, Ward has traded her three-hour commute for a virtual counseling office set up in her living room, which she's plastered with college posters from around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She misses her students, and is worried about those she hasn’t yet been able to contact. Some of her seniors are rethinking where they want to go to college, or deciding if they want to take a gap year. Others are wondering if they need to forgo college and instead work to support their families. She’s hosting an online workshop on community college applications later in the month and expects that more of her students might look at two-year schools closer to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once shelter-in-place orders are lifted, Ward said she and her colleagues will go door to door to track down students who have fallen through the cracks. They may also open the school for a few days over the summer for students seeking help with their post-graduation plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some things can be done online, said Ward, “it's not the same as standing in the hallway and being visible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*\u003cspan class=\"s1\">This story has been updated to remove an incomplete account of circumstances surrounding Brad Ward’s departure from the Menlo School.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about college counselors was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/special-reports/higher-education/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for our \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>higher education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Having a counselor solely focused on college is an afterthought in many high schools. Counselor Brad Ward was trying to change that. Then the coronavirus hit.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1596148916,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":44,"wordCount":2501},"headData":{"title":"From Private to Public: A College Counselor Straddles an Economic Divide - MindShift","description":"Having a counselor solely focused on college is an afterthought in many high schools. Counselor Brad Ward was trying to change that. Then the coronavirus hit.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"From Private to Public: A College Counselor Straddles an Economic Divide","datePublished":"2020-05-01T09:19:40.000Z","dateModified":"2020-07-30T22:41:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"55805 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=55805","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2020/05/01/from-private-to-public-a-college-counselor-straddles-an-economic-divide/","disqusTitle":"From Private to Public: A College Counselor Straddles an Economic Divide","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/special-reports/higher-education/\">Charlotte West, The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/55805/from-private-to-public-a-college-counselor-straddles-an-economic-divide","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about college counselors was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/special-reports/higher-education/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for our \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>higher education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>SAN RAFAEL, Calif. — When California schools closed on March 13 in response to the coronavirus, college counselor Brad Ward didn’t know it would be the last day she’d see many of her students at Terra Linda High School. A few weeks later, school was canceled for the rest of the year, leaving her scrambling to stay connected with her seniors who are at a critical stage in determining their post-graduation plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, she spends her time doing counseling sessions via Zoom and Facebook, editing juniors’ essays in Google Docs and trying to contact all 320 members of the class of 2020. She and her colleagues hope to reach every senior by email, phone or social media. Some have not signed in for a single remote class, and many have not picked up the laptops and hotspots offered by Terra Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some seniors that we're not ever going to hear from ever again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not how Ward typically works. Up until six weeks ago, she spent her days in Terra Linda’s College and Career Center, a converted classroom off the school’s busiest thoroughfare. In between second and third periods, she would stand at the intersection of the school’s main corridors, fielding questions about standardized tests and high school transcripts from students walking by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55809\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55809\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_03-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward counsels a student at the College and Career Center. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While private high schools can often afford to employ staff like Ward who are devoted exclusively to helping students plan for college and their futures, these jobs are rare at public schools. Ward is unusual, too, because she had made the leap from college admissions to private school to public school, and she is trying to bring the individualized approach of private college counseling to large, economically diverse public schools where she can make a bigger difference. As one of the few transgender college counselors in the country, if not the only one, she is also in a unique position to bring visibility to LGBTQ+ issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward, 51, began her education career at Bucknell University, her alma mater, where she spent seven years working in admissions Then she was recruited to work as a college counselor at the Menlo School, a private school in Atherton, California, with a $50,000 annual price tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Menlo, her days revolved around helping students curate their high school careers and lists of colleges. She also wrote detailed recommendations for each student and developed relationships with admissions officers at highly selective colleges and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d think, ‘Maybe I should call Dartmouth again because I haven’t called them in two weeks,’ ” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her caseload was typically around 35 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a big difference from her current role, in which she and a colleague try to serve all 320 seniors and counsel younger students. “At a public school,” said Ward, “you might be lucky to meet with some students once for half an hour or 45 minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ward is committed to making sure her students get guidance tailored to their individual needs. On a Friday morning in January, Ward met with Terra Linda’s three school counselors to plan a parents’ night for juniors and organize a career and technical fair. Later that morning, she chatted with an adviser from the nearby College of Marin, where some Terra Linda students take classes for college credit, and she met with Katy Dunlap, the school principal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55811\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_18-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">College counselor Brad Ward meets with school principal Katy Dunlap at Terra Linda High School. Ward brings a wealth of knowledge of the college admissions process due to her experience as a former admissions officer. “We’re totally lucky that Brad applied,” Dunlap said. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dunlap said she was struck during Ward’s interview by her in-depth knowledge of specific colleges. Ward has visited more than 300 college and university campuses in her 20-year career in admissions and college counseling. “I’d never met anyone who has gone to as many colleges or universities,” Dunlap said of Ward. That allows Ward “to really individualize for kids what would be a good fit for them,” the principal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a little obsessed,” Ward said sheepishly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past spring break, she road-tripped through the South and visited more than a dozen colleges and universities in Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee and Alabama. Her new goal is to visit all 115 community colleges in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public school system isn’t geared to attracting counselors who have that kind of detailed experience with colleges and college admissions. Counseling jobs at most public schools require a master’s degree and a state credential, but the training – and responsibilities – focus on mental health counseling, not college and career guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing the need, Terra Linda a few years ago joined a small number of high schools that have added full-time college and career counseling jobs, often with the help of outside dollars. Ward’s position is funded by HeadsUp, a nonprofit foundation that supplements the budgets of local schools. Paradoxically, her job is a classified position that doesn’t require a post-secondary credential, not even a bachelor’s degree, though this varies by school and district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, says Dunlap. “It’s very, very challenging to be counseling kids about college when you haven’t even gone yourself,” she said. “We’re totally lucky that Brad applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55808\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55808\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_02-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">College counselor Brad Ward advises a student on the admissions process at Terra Linda High School’s College and Career Center. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Following her meeting with Dunlap, Ward returned to the College and Career Center to greet two Army recruiters who were there to set up a booth in the quad at lunch. Despite the military’s prohibition on transgender service members, Ward believes the military is a good career option for some students. Her father was in the Army, and she welcomes its representatives to campus each month. “Military folks are some of the bravest people I know, and give me inspiration for what I’m trying to do,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another afternoon, right before schools shut, Ward met with the mother of a senior who was worried about her son’s college prospects, followed by a bubbly 11th grader, Angela, who wanted help narrowing a list of 30 colleges. Ward advised her to start thinking about teacher recommendations and to create an account for the Common App, the online application system used by more than 800 colleges. She also warned Angela that writing essays would be the most time-consuming part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela buried her face in her hands. “I’m so paranoid I’m not going to get in anywhere,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t worry, there’s a college for everybody,” Ward reassured her. “It’s a stressful process, but you’re only going to go through it once.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then another junior, Stella, came in with her mother, who explained that neither she nor her husband had gone to college. “We’re just starting to think about it,” she said. “I know there’s just so much to know and so many places she could go.” She asked when they would need to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, known as the FAFSA, which opens on Oct. 1 for the next academic year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Ward’s time is now spent helping 17-year-olds sort through their parents’ tax returns to fill out the FAFSA. That wasn’t something she had much experience with in private school, where many families pay for college out of pocket. It’s been a “vertical learning curve,” she said of her transition. “I’ve learned more in the last year and a half than I did in all the 18 and a half years before that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The career shift has come at great personal expense. When she was initially hired as a full-time counselor at Terra Linda, Ward was making around $40,000 for the academic year, a third of what she earned at the private school. But she said it has been worth it because she’s using her expertise to help kids who have nowhere else to turn for college and career advice, not just assisting so many already privileged to accumulate more privilege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can help so many kids directly,” she said. “I'm just trying to do a good thing that can help a lot of people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s another reason Ward feels strongly about being visible to students. She’s aware of how, as a transgender educator, simply being present for students can alter lives. Research shows that having a \u003ca href=\"https://www.thetrevorproject.org/2019/06/27/research-brief-accepting-adults-reduce-suicide-attempts-among-lgbtq-youth/\">supportive adult\u003c/a> can significantly reduce incidences of suicide among LGBTQ+ young people, and that LGBTQ+ students who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.glsen.org/blog/lgbtq-educators-what-we-know-and-what-they-need\">exposed to positive representations\u003c/a> of gay and transgender people and history report performing better in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’m standing in the hallway, kids walking by get to know me,” said Ward. “They know that I’m there for them. Plus there’s the visibility of being outwardly transgender— ‘Oh, there’s Brad in a skirt, that’s different.’ It’s important to me to be visible for the LGBTQ+ community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55817\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55817\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-160x240.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-800x1200.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-768x1152.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_32-1020x1530.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward is a former admissions officer who made the rare switch from public to private high schools two years ago. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also wants to encourage other LGBTQ+ individuals, who have \u003ca href=\"https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137535252\">historically been excluded\u003c/a> from working in the public education system, to consider college counseling as a career option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Ward began to come out as transgender in 2015. In 2017, after 10 years at the Menlo School, she took a job at another private school, the Alto International School, where she has continued to consult part time. That summer, she also began a two-year term on the board of the nonprofit Western Association for College Admission Counseling.*\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, only one of the group’s 30 board members or other leaders was employed at a public high school. In addition, only one-third of the association’s college counseling membership was made up of public school counselors, when \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/blogs/nces/post/back-to-school-by-the-numbers-2019-20-school-year\">almost\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/blogs/nces/post/back-to-school-by-the-numbers-2019-20-school-year\"> 90 percent of students\u003c/a> in the United States attend public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has started to change, though. Last year, the association invited public school counselors to join for free, which has boosted their representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward’s experience as a board member with the association prompted her to start thinking about making the switch to public schools. In 2018, she eagerly took a college counseling job at Menlo-Atherton, a public high school with 2,400 students. It was a temporary, one-year position without benefits. The next year, she joined Terra Linda in San Rafael, which is coincidentally where she grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55813\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-55813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-800x533.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-768x512.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2020/05/Brad_Ward_26-1020x680.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brad Ward helped Terra Linda senior Abby Hakewill navigate the college process. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin for The Hechinger Report)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the school is an hour-and-a-half drive from her rent-controlled apartment in Menlo Park. Ward said she couldn’t find a landlord in San Rafael who would rent to her on her salary, so she made the difficult decision to scale back to two days a week starting in January. To make ends meet, she has continued part time at Alto International School and as an independent college counselor for private clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Menlo-Atherton, Ward worked with a student named Melody De La Quintana. The first-generation college student is now a business administration and political science major at University of Redlands, a college Ward suggested. “If Brad hadn’t given me the advice to go see the school in person, I don’t think I would have ended up where I am now,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De La Quintana said Ward was her sole source of information about higher education. “My parents have never been to college,” she said. “They don’t know the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another former student, Lauren Lutge, said Ward was the only adult at school who truly believed in her. Lutge’s grades had dropped in her early high school years due to mental health struggles, and she didn’t know what to do after graduation. “I didn’t have any direction,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lutge was surprised when Ward seemed motivated to help her through the college process. “Brad was a person on campus that I felt like genuinely cared about me,” said Lutge, now an English major at Santa Barbara City College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Terra Linda closed, Ward has traded her three-hour commute for a virtual counseling office set up in her living room, which she's plastered with college posters from around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She misses her students, and is worried about those she hasn’t yet been able to contact. Some of her seniors are rethinking where they want to go to college, or deciding if they want to take a gap year. Others are wondering if they need to forgo college and instead work to support their families. She’s hosting an online workshop on community college applications later in the month and expects that more of her students might look at two-year schools closer to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once shelter-in-place orders are lifted, Ward said she and her colleagues will go door to door to track down students who have fallen through the cracks. They may also open the school for a few days over the summer for students seeking help with their post-graduation plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some things can be done online, said Ward, “it's not the same as standing in the hallway and being visible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*\u003cspan class=\"s1\">This story has been updated to remove an incomplete account of circumstances surrounding Brad Ward’s departure from the Menlo School.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about college counselors was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/special-reports/higher-education/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for our \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/c36ixT\">\u003cem>higher education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/55805/from-private-to-public-a-college-counselor-straddles-an-economic-divide","authors":["byline_mindshift_55805"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_20733","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21255","mindshift_21337"],"featImg":"mindshift_55810","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_55063":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_55063","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"55063","score":null,"sort":[1576566107000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fewer-students-are-going-to-college-heres-why-that-matters","title":"Fewer Students Are Going To College. Here's Why That Matters","publishDate":1576566107,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>This fall, there were nearly 250,000 fewer students enrolled in college than a year ago, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/nscblog/fall-enrollments-decline-for-8th-consecutive-year/\">new numbers out Monday\u003c/a> from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, which tracks college enrollment by student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a lot of students that we're losing,\" says Doug Shapiro, who leads the research center at the Clearinghouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year isn't the first time this has happened. Over the past eight years, college enrollment nationwide has fallen about 11%. Every sector — public state schools, community colleges, for-profits and private liberal arts schools — has felt the decline, though it has been especially painful for small private colleges, where, \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/01/24/green-mountain-latest-small-college-close\">in some cases, institutions have been forced to close\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in a crisis right now, and it's a complicated one,\" says Angel Pérez, who oversees enrollment at Trinity College, a small liberal arts school in Hartford, Conn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-55067\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"795\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1.png 795w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1-160x115.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1-768x554.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/student-enrollment-20191209?mode=childlink&utm_source=nprnews&utm_medium=app&utm_campaign=storyredirect\">\u003cstrong>Don't see the graphic above? Click here.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Why is this happening?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The biggest factor for the years of decline is the strong economy. The last time U.S. college enrollment went up was 2011, at the tail end of the recession. As the economy gets better, unemployment goes down — \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf\">it's currently at 3.5 %\u003c/a> — and more people leave college, or postpone it, and head to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the recession hit a decade ago, the reverse happened: Many people, especially older adults, returned to college. That bump in college enrollment set records, and in some ways the current downturn is simply \"colleges returning to more historic levels of enrollment,\" Shapiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. demographics are also shifting. The number of high school graduates is flat — and in some cases declining — because of lower birth rates about 20 years ago. Those numbers are also projected to decline, so the trend of fewer students coming from high school isn't going away anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And finally, there's the cost of college. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/05/769465302/most-of-the-nations-top-public-universities-aren-t-affordable-for-low-income-stu\">States are putting less money into higher education\u003c/a>, and that's led to an increased reliance on tuition. As tuition goes up, and grants and scholarships don't keep pace, that's pushed the cost of college down to students and their families. Without state investment, institutions are strapped, and so are American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These factors — and the data that support them — find their way into Pérez's meetings with the budget team at Trinity College. \"Decreasing demographics, a decreasing ability to pay and an increasing lack of desire to pay from the people who can afford it\" are the things that keep him up at night, worrying he may not fill his freshman class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even families who are able to afford higher education are starting to ask themselves whether the cost is worth it. \"All of it becomes the perfect storm,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The benefits of a degree\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A strong economy and soaring college costs have made it even more difficult for colleges to persuade students to enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, employers still need skilled workers, whether it's a profession that requires a four-year degree, other jobs that require an associate degree, or skills or trades that need certificates or credentials. If fewer people are getting those credentials, those jobs often sit empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community colleges play a large role in \"skilling up,\" offering associate degrees in technical and high-demand fields. But enrollment at community colleges is down about 100,000 students from the fall of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And despite a healthy economy, many of the jobs that are being filled right now are low-wage ones, Shapiro explains. \"Adults are feeling that, as long as they have a job, they don't need to go to college,\" he says. \"And yet many of those jobs today don't really have the career potential or the earnings potential to support a family that they could get if they had a college degree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to increased earnings over time, research shows that having a college degree means you are less likely to be unemployed and more likely to weather uncertain economic conditions, such as a recession. So if people are choosing not to go to college right now, there may be consequences down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Creative recruitment\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It's a simple solution: When you don't have enough students, it makes sense to find and recruit some additional students. In the 1970s and '80s, schools faced a similar enrollment crisis. Back then, colleges focused mainly on recruiting women. Today that resource is tapped out: Female students make up more than half of all enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the question now is, what is the next group of students for recruiters to target? Based on the shifting demographics in public schools, it's likely that Hispanics and first-generation college students are at the top of that list and will make up a greater share of any future increase in enrollment\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pine Manor College, a small private college in the Boston area, knows the pain of this enrollment crisis all too well. Because it serves less than 350 students, the college has to fight for each one. Recruitment has become essential to Pine Manor's survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the college drew many of its students from nearby communities. But as New England graduates fewer high schoolers, Pine Manor has set its sights beyond Boston, by about 2,000 miles. Tom O'Reilly, the college's president, now makes regular recruiting trips to El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're very intentional about who we're going to serve,\" says O'Reilly, who is specifically looking for students whose parents haven't gone to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pitch is not for everyone. While Pine Manor is generous with aid, it's still more expensive than community college. It's also far from home — and often, far from warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, so far, O'Reilly says, these trips are paying off. Texans now make up 6% of Pine Manor's enrollment — that's almost two dozen paying students who had probably never heard of, let alone considered, the school until they heard directly from its president.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Returning adults \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While a lot of recruiting focuses on high school students, many colleges might do well to look at another pool of potential students: adults returning to college. New research shows there are about 36 million Americans — mainly adults — \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/blog/nearly-1-million-students-with-some-college-returned-and-earned-a-degree-since-2014/\">who have some college and no degree\u003c/a>. These students offer a huge opportunity for colleges, and in some communities they are far more prevalent than seniors in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In Michigan, we have about 100,000 high school students, but we have about a million adults with some college and no degree,\" says Erica Orians, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcca.org/mcca-staff\">who works with community colleges in that state\u003c/a>. That means for every high schooler, there are 10 prospective adult students there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge is that returning adult students are a lot harder to recruit. For high school students, Orians says, \"we know where those people are. High schoolers are a captive audience.\" But when it comes to adults, she says, \"they are everywhere. They are working. They are parents. They are engaged with their community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults have lives, she says, \"they move, they change their addresses and their phone numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Change is hard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, it's much more complicated than simply recruiting more — or different — students. \"A lot of schools believe, 'If we recruit hard enough, we will get people who want to come,' \" Pérez says. \"I just don't believe that's enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, every year, he says, Trinity College — and many others — put more resources into the admissions effort. But the school is also looking at other options, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.hartfordbusiness.com/article/tech-giant-infosys-to-tap-trinity-colleges-liberal-arts-talent\">exploring partnerships with a global tech \u003c/a>company, bringing in additional revenue by helping train their existing employees in liberal arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stave off the enrollment decline, colleges have to get creative, and be open to change. \"Putting an institution's future in the hands of hope,\" Pérez says, \"that's not a good strategy\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One change that may be easier is a greater focus on retaining the students who are already enrolled. It's a lot easier to keep existing students than to find new ones, so more and more schools are investing in helping their current students graduate. They're beefing up support services including counselors, offering detailed plans to help them graduate and using data to flag and ultimately prevent them from dropping out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's paying off. Last week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/blog/national-six-year-and-eight-year-college-completion-rates-reach-new-highs-59-7-and-61-8-respectively/\">new numbers on graduation rates\u003c/a> revealed that 60% of students who start college get their degree in six years. That's the highest its been in nearly a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fewer+Students+Are+Going+To+College.+Here%27s+Why+That+Matters&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"College enrollment continues to decline, according to data released Monday. Small colleges have been forced to close; others are getting creative when it comes to finding and keeping students. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1576566107,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1465},"headData":{"title":"Fewer Students Are Going To College. Here's Why That Matters | KQED","description":"College enrollment continues to decline, according to data released Monday. Small colleges have been forced to close; others are getting creative when it comes to finding and keeping students. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Fewer Students Are Going To College. Here's Why That Matters","datePublished":"2019-12-17T07:01:47.000Z","dateModified":"2019-12-17T07:01:47.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"55063 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=55063","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/12/16/fewer-students-are-going-to-college-heres-why-that-matters/","disqusTitle":"Fewer Students Are Going To College. Here's Why That Matters","nprByline":"Elissa Nadworny and Max Larkin","nprImageAgency":"Meredith Jensen for NPR","nprStoryId":"787909495","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=787909495&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/16/787909495/fewer-students-are-going-to-college-heres-why-that-matters?ft=nprml&f=787909495","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 16 Dec 2019 15:27:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 16 Dec 2019 05:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 16 Dec 2019 15:27:28 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/12/20191216_me_fewer_students_are_going_to_college_heres_why_that_matters.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=403&p=3&story=787909495&ft=nprml&f=787909495","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1788334229-128d70.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=403&p=3&story=787909495&ft=nprml&f=787909495","path":"/mindshift/55063/fewer-students-are-going-to-college-heres-why-that-matters","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/12/20191216_me_fewer_students_are_going_to_college_heres_why_that_matters.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=403&p=3&story=787909495&ft=nprml&f=787909495","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This fall, there were nearly 250,000 fewer students enrolled in college than a year ago, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/nscblog/fall-enrollments-decline-for-8th-consecutive-year/\">new numbers out Monday\u003c/a> from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, which tracks college enrollment by student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a lot of students that we're losing,\" says Doug Shapiro, who leads the research center at the Clearinghouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year isn't the first time this has happened. Over the past eight years, college enrollment nationwide has fallen about 11%. Every sector — public state schools, community colleges, for-profits and private liberal arts schools — has felt the decline, though it has been especially painful for small private colleges, where, \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/01/24/green-mountain-latest-small-college-close\">in some cases, institutions have been forced to close\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in a crisis right now, and it's a complicated one,\" says Angel Pérez, who oversees enrollment at Trinity College, a small liberal arts school in Hartford, Conn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-55067\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"795\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1.png 795w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1-160x115.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/12/Student-Enrollment-1-768x554.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/student-enrollment-20191209?mode=childlink&utm_source=nprnews&utm_medium=app&utm_campaign=storyredirect\">\u003cstrong>Don't see the graphic above? Click here.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Why is this happening?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The biggest factor for the years of decline is the strong economy. The last time U.S. college enrollment went up was 2011, at the tail end of the recession. As the economy gets better, unemployment goes down — \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf\">it's currently at 3.5 %\u003c/a> — and more people leave college, or postpone it, and head to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the recession hit a decade ago, the reverse happened: Many people, especially older adults, returned to college. That bump in college enrollment set records, and in some ways the current downturn is simply \"colleges returning to more historic levels of enrollment,\" Shapiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. demographics are also shifting. The number of high school graduates is flat — and in some cases declining — because of lower birth rates about 20 years ago. Those numbers are also projected to decline, so the trend of fewer students coming from high school isn't going away anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And finally, there's the cost of college. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/05/769465302/most-of-the-nations-top-public-universities-aren-t-affordable-for-low-income-stu\">States are putting less money into higher education\u003c/a>, and that's led to an increased reliance on tuition. As tuition goes up, and grants and scholarships don't keep pace, that's pushed the cost of college down to students and their families. Without state investment, institutions are strapped, and so are American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These factors — and the data that support them — find their way into Pérez's meetings with the budget team at Trinity College. \"Decreasing demographics, a decreasing ability to pay and an increasing lack of desire to pay from the people who can afford it\" are the things that keep him up at night, worrying he may not fill his freshman class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even families who are able to afford higher education are starting to ask themselves whether the cost is worth it. \"All of it becomes the perfect storm,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The benefits of a degree\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A strong economy and soaring college costs have made it even more difficult for colleges to persuade students to enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, employers still need skilled workers, whether it's a profession that requires a four-year degree, other jobs that require an associate degree, or skills or trades that need certificates or credentials. If fewer people are getting those credentials, those jobs often sit empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community colleges play a large role in \"skilling up,\" offering associate degrees in technical and high-demand fields. But enrollment at community colleges is down about 100,000 students from the fall of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And despite a healthy economy, many of the jobs that are being filled right now are low-wage ones, Shapiro explains. \"Adults are feeling that, as long as they have a job, they don't need to go to college,\" he says. \"And yet many of those jobs today don't really have the career potential or the earnings potential to support a family that they could get if they had a college degree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to increased earnings over time, research shows that having a college degree means you are less likely to be unemployed and more likely to weather uncertain economic conditions, such as a recession. So if people are choosing not to go to college right now, there may be consequences down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Creative recruitment\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It's a simple solution: When you don't have enough students, it makes sense to find and recruit some additional students. In the 1970s and '80s, schools faced a similar enrollment crisis. Back then, colleges focused mainly on recruiting women. Today that resource is tapped out: Female students make up more than half of all enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the question now is, what is the next group of students for recruiters to target? Based on the shifting demographics in public schools, it's likely that Hispanics and first-generation college students are at the top of that list and will make up a greater share of any future increase in enrollment\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pine Manor College, a small private college in the Boston area, knows the pain of this enrollment crisis all too well. Because it serves less than 350 students, the college has to fight for each one. Recruitment has become essential to Pine Manor's survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the college drew many of its students from nearby communities. But as New England graduates fewer high schoolers, Pine Manor has set its sights beyond Boston, by about 2,000 miles. Tom O'Reilly, the college's president, now makes regular recruiting trips to El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're very intentional about who we're going to serve,\" says O'Reilly, who is specifically looking for students whose parents haven't gone to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pitch is not for everyone. While Pine Manor is generous with aid, it's still more expensive than community college. It's also far from home — and often, far from warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, so far, O'Reilly says, these trips are paying off. Texans now make up 6% of Pine Manor's enrollment — that's almost two dozen paying students who had probably never heard of, let alone considered, the school until they heard directly from its president.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Returning adults \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While a lot of recruiting focuses on high school students, many colleges might do well to look at another pool of potential students: adults returning to college. New research shows there are about 36 million Americans — mainly adults — \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/blog/nearly-1-million-students-with-some-college-returned-and-earned-a-degree-since-2014/\">who have some college and no degree\u003c/a>. These students offer a huge opportunity for colleges, and in some communities they are far more prevalent than seniors in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In Michigan, we have about 100,000 high school students, but we have about a million adults with some college and no degree,\" says Erica Orians, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcca.org/mcca-staff\">who works with community colleges in that state\u003c/a>. That means for every high schooler, there are 10 prospective adult students there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge is that returning adult students are a lot harder to recruit. For high school students, Orians says, \"we know where those people are. High schoolers are a captive audience.\" But when it comes to adults, she says, \"they are everywhere. They are working. They are parents. They are engaged with their community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults have lives, she says, \"they move, they change their addresses and their phone numbers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Change is hard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, it's much more complicated than simply recruiting more — or different — students. \"A lot of schools believe, 'If we recruit hard enough, we will get people who want to come,' \" Pérez says. \"I just don't believe that's enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, every year, he says, Trinity College — and many others — put more resources into the admissions effort. But the school is also looking at other options, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.hartfordbusiness.com/article/tech-giant-infosys-to-tap-trinity-colleges-liberal-arts-talent\">exploring partnerships with a global tech \u003c/a>company, bringing in additional revenue by helping train their existing employees in liberal arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stave off the enrollment decline, colleges have to get creative, and be open to change. \"Putting an institution's future in the hands of hope,\" Pérez says, \"that's not a good strategy\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One change that may be easier is a greater focus on retaining the students who are already enrolled. It's a lot easier to keep existing students than to find new ones, so more and more schools are investing in helping their current students graduate. They're beefing up support services including counselors, offering detailed plans to help them graduate and using data to flag and ultimately prevent them from dropping out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's paying off. Last week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.studentclearinghouse.org/blog/national-six-year-and-eight-year-college-completion-rates-reach-new-highs-59-7-and-61-8-respectively/\">new numbers on graduation rates\u003c/a> revealed that 60% of students who start college get their degree in six years. That's the highest its been in nearly a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fewer+Students+Are+Going+To+College.+Here%27s+Why+That+Matters&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/55063/fewer-students-are-going-to-college-heres-why-that-matters","authors":["byline_mindshift_55063"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_21261","mindshift_20733","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040"],"featImg":"mindshift_55064","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_52238":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_52238","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"52238","score":null,"sort":[1537942714000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"need-help-paying-for-college-theres-an-app-for-that","title":"Need Help Paying For College? There's An App For That","publishDate":1537942714,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>At midnight, Oct. 1, the rush begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when first-time and returning college students can get their first look at the 2019-'20 FAFSA, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Anyone who wants the government's help paying for college has to finish the notoriously complicated form. But this year, in an effort to make it easier, the U.S. Department of Education has given the FAFSA a new look: a smartphone application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every year, we handle over 250 million transactions of some shape, form or fashion,\" says A. Wayne Johnson, the chief strategy and transformation officer at the department's office of Federal Student Aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem, Johnson says, is that students who most need help paying for college often have the hardest time filling out the FAFSA. It asks questions about families' income and tax status that many low-income students struggle to answer because the only computer in their lives is at school — where their parents can't help them. That's why, when Johnson arrived at the department last year, he says, \"the very first thing that I wrote on my board was FAFSA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As in: How can the department make this thing easier\u003cem>?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Considering the government received 19 million FAFSA forms in 2016-'17, making it easier could help a lot of potential borrowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want the experience of a student to be every bit as good as if they were a customer of American Express, a customer of a major credit union,\" Johnson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He should know. His hiring was controversial with some Democrats because he comes from the private banking world. Johnson has worked for VISA and even run his own, private student loan company. Since coming to the department, Johnson says he's fast-tracked the development of the My Student Aid app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, the department hopes the app will be a one-stop shop for students. A place they can research colleges, check their loan balance and even make a payment. But the real game-changer comes soon, Oct. 1, when borrowers will be able to fill out the FAFSA on their phones using the new app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many families, including low-income families, rely on smartphones solely for their internet access,\" says Kim Cook, executive director of the National College Access Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook says, in the past, many students had no choice but to fill out the FAFSA in a school computer lab. They still can, especially if they're getting help from a counselor, but now they can also take it home — for the questions that only a parent can answer. They'll also be able to access the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/03/15/520181124/applying-for-college-aid-just-got-harder\">IRS' data-retrieval tool\u003c/a>, which helps students by autopopulating the FAFSA with key tax information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook believes this new app also changes the game for school counselors and advocates, like her, who are trying to spread the word about the importance of applying for federal student aid. A mobile FAFSA allows them \"to meet students where they are, at festivals, at football games. To meet parents where they are, maybe at brownbag lunches or financial aid nights.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe you're thinking, 'This sounds great, but what does the Education Department know about building a good app?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out, Cook's group worked with the department to do early user-testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Students flew through this app,\" Cook says. \"It was amazing to see how native they are to using apps. They said the app was easy. Parents as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook says they did find a few hang-ups, and the department insists it's listening and already making changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact is, this form still won't be easy for everyone. It never will be — unless Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/03/04/387533091/shrink-the-fafsa-good-luck-with-that\">radically rewrites\u003c/a> the FAFSA. For now, though, students can take some comfort knowing that it may not be easy, but it did just get easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Need+Help+Paying+For+College%3F+There%27s+An+App+For+That+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The U.S. Department of Education has developed a new smartphone app that it hopes will make the notoriously difficult Free Application For Federal Student Aid a little easier.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1537942714,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":660},"headData":{"title":"Need Help Paying For College? There's An App For That | KQED","description":"The U.S. Department of Education has developed a new smartphone app that it hopes will make the notoriously difficult Free Application For Federal Student Aid a little easier.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Need Help Paying For College? There's An App For That","datePublished":"2018-09-26T06:18:34.000Z","dateModified":"2018-09-26T06:18:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"52238 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=52238","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/09/25/need-help-paying-for-college-theres-an-app-for-that/","disqusTitle":"Need Help Paying For College? There's An App For That","nprByline":"Cory Turner","nprImageAgency":"Cameron Pollack/NPR","nprStoryId":"649602940","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=649602940&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/25/649602940/need-help-paying-for-college-theres-an-app-for-that?ft=nprml&f=649602940","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 25 Sep 2018 11:11:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 25 Sep 2018 05:07:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 25 Sep 2018 11:15:03 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/09/20180925_me_need_help_paying_for_college_theres_an_app_for_that_.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=224&p=3&story=649602940&ft=nprml&f=649602940","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1651373848-71fc25.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=224&p=3&story=649602940&ft=nprml&f=649602940","audioTrackLength":224,"path":"/mindshift/52238/need-help-paying-for-college-theres-an-app-for-that","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/09/20180925_me_need_help_paying_for_college_theres_an_app_for_that_.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=224&p=3&story=649602940&ft=nprml&f=649602940","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At midnight, Oct. 1, the rush begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when first-time and returning college students can get their first look at the 2019-'20 FAFSA, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Anyone who wants the government's help paying for college has to finish the notoriously complicated form. But this year, in an effort to make it easier, the U.S. Department of Education has given the FAFSA a new look: a smartphone application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every year, we handle over 250 million transactions of some shape, form or fashion,\" says A. Wayne Johnson, the chief strategy and transformation officer at the department's office of Federal Student Aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem, Johnson says, is that students who most need help paying for college often have the hardest time filling out the FAFSA. It asks questions about families' income and tax status that many low-income students struggle to answer because the only computer in their lives is at school — where their parents can't help them. That's why, when Johnson arrived at the department last year, he says, \"the very first thing that I wrote on my board was FAFSA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As in: How can the department make this thing easier\u003cem>?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Considering the government received 19 million FAFSA forms in 2016-'17, making it easier could help a lot of potential borrowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want the experience of a student to be every bit as good as if they were a customer of American Express, a customer of a major credit union,\" Johnson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He should know. His hiring was controversial with some Democrats because he comes from the private banking world. Johnson has worked for VISA and even run his own, private student loan company. Since coming to the department, Johnson says he's fast-tracked the development of the My Student Aid app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, the department hopes the app will be a one-stop shop for students. A place they can research colleges, check their loan balance and even make a payment. But the real game-changer comes soon, Oct. 1, when borrowers will be able to fill out the FAFSA on their phones using the new app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many families, including low-income families, rely on smartphones solely for their internet access,\" says Kim Cook, executive director of the National College Access Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook says, in the past, many students had no choice but to fill out the FAFSA in a school computer lab. They still can, especially if they're getting help from a counselor, but now they can also take it home — for the questions that only a parent can answer. They'll also be able to access the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/03/15/520181124/applying-for-college-aid-just-got-harder\">IRS' data-retrieval tool\u003c/a>, which helps students by autopopulating the FAFSA with key tax information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook believes this new app also changes the game for school counselors and advocates, like her, who are trying to spread the word about the importance of applying for federal student aid. A mobile FAFSA allows them \"to meet students where they are, at festivals, at football games. To meet parents where they are, maybe at brownbag lunches or financial aid nights.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe you're thinking, 'This sounds great, but what does the Education Department know about building a good app?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out, Cook's group worked with the department to do early user-testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Students flew through this app,\" Cook says. \"It was amazing to see how native they are to using apps. They said the app was easy. Parents as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook says they did find a few hang-ups, and the department insists it's listening and already making changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact is, this form still won't be easy for everyone. It never will be — unless Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/03/04/387533091/shrink-the-fafsa-good-luck-with-that\">radically rewrites\u003c/a> the FAFSA. For now, though, students can take some comfort knowing that it may not be easy, but it did just get easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Need+Help+Paying+For+College%3F+There%27s+An+App+For+That+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/52238/need-help-paying-for-college-theres-an-app-for-that","authors":["byline_mindshift_52238"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_21189","mindshift_20733","mindshift_21225"],"featImg":"mindshift_52239","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. 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