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FM","link":"/"}},"mindshift_62672":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62672","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62672","score":null,"sort":[1698886371000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"using-picture-books-and-classroom-dialogue-to-honor-and-respect-students-name","title":"Using picture books and classroom dialogue to honor and respect students' names","publishDate":1698886371,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Using picture books and classroom dialogue to honor and respect students’ names | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Enunciated syllables, slow speech and spelling — these are the adjustments some students find themselves making as \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52183/teachers-strategies-for-pronouncing-and-remembering-students-names-correctly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">they introduce themselves to their teachers each school year\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For these students, whose names might be misspelled in emails or autocorrected in text messages, this annual ritual carries significance. It often determines what they will be called for the entire school year. “This is a matter children feel strongly about, yet adults aren’t always as attentive to,” said elementary school teacher \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jenorr?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jennifer Orr\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2011 study\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> daily mispronunciations of names are microaggressions that can significantly affect \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/people/marcos.pizarro/courses/185/s1/Names.pdf\">students’ self-perception and sense of belonging\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Names are one of the topics covered in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://stenhouse.com/products/9781625315755_were-gonna-keep-on-talking\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’re Gonna Keep on Talking\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which Orr co-authored with Philadelphia educator \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MattRKay?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Matthew R. Kay\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The book guides educators through how to foster meaningful conversations about race with elementary school students. The names unit, which Orr has done about five times over the last 15 years, uses books to initiate discussions within the classroom. The authors recommend how to structure partner and class dialogues and how to create a supportive environment for students to share their experiences related to names. The unit also encourages students to delve deeper into their own identities by gathering information about their names from their families.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Kay’s previous work, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://stenhouse.com/products/9781625310989_not-light-but-fire\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not Light, But Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, explored how to facilitate discussions about race with high schoolers, this sequel tailors the approach to the needs of younger learners. “You don’t get [elementary school] kids’ attention for 45 minutes, even in the upper grades. That’s a long period of time for a child to stay focused,” said Orr. “These discussions have to happen over months instead of class periods.” Regardless of grade level, Kay and Orr agreed that these are conversations children are eager to have.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Exploring names through engaging books\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr said it’s important to create a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59104/identity-mastery-belonging-and-efficacy-four-ways-student-agency-can-flourish\">supportive and inclusive classroom community\u003c/a> before getting into discussions about names. “I don’t want kids to end up feeling raw or vulnerable because we haven’t built the space for that kind of a conversation,” she said. It’s crucial to establish foundations of trust and effective communication even with students one may have taught in previous years. According to Kay, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61775/how-important-was-your-favorite-teacher-to-your-success-researchers-have-done-the-math\">strong teacher-student rapport\u003c/a> should never be taken for granted. As he put it, “You can’t spend last year’s currency.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr’s approach includes practicing active listening and respectful engagement with her students. She often does interactive read-alouds, pausing at planned points while reading picture books to encourage and hone students’ discussion and listening skills. Orr uses books to open the door to the conversation. “There are children’s books coming out all the time on names in a way that is so exciting,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.candlewick.com/cat.asp?mode=book&isbn=0763693553&browse=Title\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">by Juana Martinez-Neal is one of Orr’s go-to books for kicking off the unit. In this book, Alma Sofia Esperanza José Pura Candela wants to know why she has so many names. Her father explains how she got each one. After the character Alma is introduced, Orr asks students to share their thoughts about her name. “Does it seem too long?” Students will often use this opportunity to relate in with comments like “I’m named after my grandma too!” She also stops for discussion halfway through \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> so students have the opportunity to discuss with a partner. “What do you think of Alma’s name now?” Orr asks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another book that Orr uses is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theinnovationpress.com/your-name-is-a-song\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Your Name Is a Song\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by Jamilah Thompkins-Bigelow and Luisa Uribe. The book follows a young girl who is upset that no one is pronouncing her name correctly. The main character’s mom teaches her about the musicality of names from other cultures. The story resonates with students, bridging the common experience of name mispronunciation. Through these books, students begin to grasp that names can carry rich histories, Orr said. In all, each read-aloud and discussion takes about 25 minutes, so that her young students don’t get bored or restless.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Extending conversations beyond the classroom\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Books also serve as a catalyst for taking the conversation beyond the classroom walls. Recognizing the importance of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/documents/family-community/partners-education.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> collaboration between school and home in nurturing a child’s sense of identity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, she suggests that students go home and initiate discussions with their families about the significance and stories behind their names. This part of the unit can lead to self exploration for students and open up a window to their parents’ decisions, according to Kay. Orr proactively reaches out to families to inform them about the discussions taking place in class, so they won’t be blindsided by their child’s questions. She emphasizes that participation in these conversations at home is optional, as is sharing in class. “They can make it fit their comfort level,” Orr said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC1058124335&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In class, Orr and Kay recommend starting the next conversation with “Who wants to share what they’ve learned about their name from their family?” This dialogue allows students to share their newfound understanding and feelings about their names. Orr is often surprised by the unique stories and experiences that students bring forward. Some Latino students have told her that other teachers Americanized their names. For example, instead of “David,” where the “i” is pronounced with a long “e” sound, a teacher might use the flat “i” like the sound in zip. She also remembered a fifth grader one year who was a recent immigrant from China. “I swear she spent a week trying to get me to say her name properly,” she admitted. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr noted that elementary school students will often just accept the way their name is pronounced until they have this conversation in class. She said that name discussions may not always result in kids being able to advocate for themselves but they become more likely to advocate for other students. “That power between adults and kids is still so strong. And yet, on behalf of someone else, they’ll stand up to that power and they’ll make it clear that actually, no, that’s not how you say it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a high school teacher, Kay is excited by the prospect of not being the first one to have conversations about identity and culture with students. “I can see the inquiry seeds,” he said. Orr and Kay envision a future where elementary school teachers continue to introduce these conversations, paving the way for students to advocate for the pronunciation of their names as well as for the respect and recognition of others’ identities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This story was updated to include the name of the illustrator of \u003c/em>Your Name Is a Song.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Welcome to MindShift, the podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids. I’m Nimah Gobir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir: \u003c/strong> Matthew R. Kay is a high school English teacher in Philadelphia. He’s also the author behind the book \u003cem>Not Light, But Fire. \u003c/em>And he knows how to spark meaningful conversations with high schoolers. In the book, he shares a lesson that’s an absolute hit with his students. And it’s all about their names\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay: \u003c/strong> I think every teacher has that one lesson where like, if you’re going to observe me, I’m going to look like a rock star. Like the principal walks through, you’re like, “Say less. I got this”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> This is your knock it out of the park lesson? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> Oh, easy, easy. This is the one where the kids are lined up afterwards to say they didn’t get a chance to share. This is the one where I have to apologize to my colleagues. I’m like, “What can I do? I’m sorry.” It’s so juicy and it feels so good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matt teamed up with elementary school teacher Jennifer Orr for their new book, \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep on Talking.\u003c/em> They’ve taken lessons from his high school teaching experience and tailored them for younger students. Today’s episode features a conversation about how Matt’s lesson about names looks in Jen’s elementary school classroom. We’ll get into that conversation after the break\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matt, you wrote \u003cem>Not Light But Fire\u003c/em> about your experience teaching in high school classrooms a few years ago. Can you tell me about your decision to add \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep On Talking\u003c/em> to the canon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> One of the biggest thing that was asked of me, teachers would come up to me and they would say, When are you going to come up with the elementary books? And that was something that I normally kind of brushed aside. Like I respected it, but I was kind of like, well, you know, never because I’m not an elementary teacher. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But I feel like what separated \u003cem>Not Light\u003c/em> was my storytelling . \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And I feel like that’s the part that’s hardest for someone who doesn’t teach high school — the actual visualization of what does this conversation look like? \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s why I decided to see if I could find an elementary teacher who could who could help with that. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Jen, this book is all about your experience in the classroom with elementary school students. There’s a part where you talk about a lesson on students’ names, and it’s different from the lesson that Matt uses with his students. Can you tell me how you scaffold this conversation for younger kids?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> Sure. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’ve taught in several different schools in my school district and in almost all of them. There have been kids who have really struggled with their with name, pronunciation, children whose who they or their families had emigrated to this country. And their names do not fit our kind of Americanized way of saying things. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> And as many things are in my elementary classroom and in many, it’s tied into a lot of literature. So there’s several different books that we read throughout the course of the unit and really talk through things through the lens of the books as a way to kind of open the door to the conversation and then make it much more personal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> It was always designed around discussing kids first names. Where does your name come from? What does your name mean? Knowing that some families may not want to have that conversation. Keeping it open ended for kids they could choose to share or not share. The conversation then grew into last names as well as kids started to notice things about each other’s last names, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> noticing kind of beginning to really build an understanding of why people are names and what those what weight is carried in names and where that can carry history as well as for your own self. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir: \u003c/strong> Talking about names can get vulnerable because it can bring up stuff about race and identity. What are some strategies that can teachers use to ensure students feel valued in conversations like these and respected by not only you as the teacher, but also the other kids in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> That’s a huge question because none of this works if we don’t start from that point. A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">t the start of each school year. It’s not only important that we build that community within our classroom, which is huge and crucial, and we talk about some different ways to do that in the book, but also to build that community with our colleagues and with the families of our students because we’re all going to be involved in this. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Even the conversation around names, in my classroom, it doesn’t happen in the first week of school because we haven’t had a chance yet to build that community. I don’t want kids to end up feeling raw or vulnerable because we haven’t built that space for that kind of a conversation before we have it. So we have to be careful that we’re not jumping into it too soon. T\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hat may or may not be true for Matt…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> To be honest, it’s the same in in secondary. I\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">n one of my PD sessions to talk about myths about safe spaces and one of them is that it’s permanent. Ou\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r metaphors that we use for safe spaces like building and stuff like that probably need a little bit of work because it like leads to the assumption that you build it and then it’s built right. But it’s really it’s more about building and maintaining and maintaining and maintaining. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> You can you can’t spend last year’s currency like the kids I’m about to meet in a month, it’s best for me to assume that they don’t know me from a can of paint , even if I work with them last year. Because who knows what happened this summer. They could be a different kid. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir\u003c/strong>: So what I’m hearing is that it takes intentional time and you actually keep spending that time. You don’t get to just bank it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> I think that’s true of almost anything in a classroom. You spend the start of the school year setting all of these things up and making sure they’re established but that doesn’t mean you’re done with it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Jen, you mentioned that this unit takes a lot more time at the elementary school level because you’re working with little ones who – let’s be honest, can have a really short attention span. I love the idea of using books to initiate that broad conversation and then slowly getting more and more focused. Can you tell me some of the picture books that you read during this unit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> \u003cem>My Name Is a Song\u003c/em>, which is a beautiful one of a young girl who is complaining about how no one pronounces her name correctly. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And her mom really sort of reassuring her about the way that that names are songs and how beautiful that is. And by the end of the book, I’m not sure if she’s fully convinced of the beauty of it and the fact that she knows her name is still going to be mispronounced, but she definitely has some reassurance\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Another one is Juana Martinez Neal’s book, \u003cem>Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/em>. And Alma has I can’t remember it now, you know, maybe six or seven names in her name. And the book is her father explaining to her where each of those names came from, which is our great introduction into then talking about where did your name come from and inviting children and their families into that conversation through that book.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Something I’ve heard you say is that nothing happens at the elementary school level without getting families involved. How do you involve parents and caregivers in this unit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> At the end of that first day of digging into the book, I will reach out to families and say, We read this book. We had this conversation. Kids may be asking you where their name came from and if you’re willing to share with them and if they want to share with the class we’ll be talking about that in the coming weeks.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> There’s a lot going on with names. There are all these situations that I don’t want kids to feel uncomfortable with. And then sometimes it’s a single parent and it may also come down to this child is living with someone who is not their parent who may not even know their name story. A bit part of it is to make sure that families that this is an option and we’re really interested and that we’re not trying to put anyone on the spot and that kids have that same sense.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> What is really cool about this unit is that it gives students the opportunity to learn more about their teachers because it sounds like you two also talk about your names with your students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> I just really love the self-exploration and the showing kids the power and also like opening up a window to their parents decisions, I think, which is something that’s really cool. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay: \u003c/strong> I get to open up about myself, you know, like I’m Matt is boring. Oh, there’s no meaning behind it, all that kind of stuff. But that’s because my parents both had unique names and they didn’t like everybody always jacking their name up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> Matt could be a white dude and I until you meet me. So they didn’t want me to have any kind of disadvantages on resumes and stuff. So they were really intentional about Matt. And then I went and turned around, gave my daughters two very unique names that they will always have to correct people. And so it’s just weird about it how that cycle keeps going. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Unique names are very character building. I’m saying that as some one with a unique name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> You always have to spell it out\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Yeah, yeah my name has an ‘H’ at the end, so I had to learn how to correct people as they were spelling it. How about you, Jen?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> I was one of those kids I probably wouldn’t have wanted had this conversation because I have no story behind my name. Something I still hold against my parents. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And like Matt I, my children have names that have stories behind them because I always hated that my parents were like “I don’t know. It was pretty.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> In this name activity were there any surprising moments or stories that emerged during this name unit that stood out to you that were meaningful or impactful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> There’s a lot of good stories in that chapter. J\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">elly was one of them. S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ome early teacher couldn’t pronounce her name, and so she they gave her the nickname and then she went with it. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We recognize a teacher probably overstepped their bounds. We recognize all those things. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I didn’t force her to not go by this nickname. Unfortunately, a lot of well-intentioned teachers can push so hard, and the kid’s like, really fine with the nickname. W\u003c/span>e just examined what happened. I’m not moralizing.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> My job is to help you understand things, right? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Every year there are things that come as a surprise to me. Even when I have spent weeks with these kids or have had conversations with families. The piece that really stands out to me is that I had a couple of students over the years, several students, but with LatinX names who who had regularly had teachers Americanize them. So instead of David, who was David. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These young ones just accept that their name is being mispronounced until we have this conversation often. And then they will say “But that’s not how we say my name at home. That’s not my name.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> But even when they realize this isn’t okay, they often would not at first grade or kindergarten advocate for themselves, but they advocate for each other. And so I would notice, you know, they would be a substitute teacher who hadn’t yet gotten this, who’s going through the role in P.E. or something, and says David David would just be like, “Yeah,” but others are like “It’s David.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> It was really interesting to see that they felt strongly about their names but that power between adults and kids is still so strong and yet on behalf of someone else they’ll stand up to that power\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> And I feel like this unit tells students Oh no, you can advocate for how it is pronounced and what other people call you. And that’s an important lesson, I think at a young age, at the elementary school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> It’s similar at the high school level too. O\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ften it’ll be someone else who tells me something about a name or pronoun. It’ll be a classmate. If they’re speaking up to me, that means that teachers before them have made it okay to speak to them in a critical way. \u003c/span>In ninth grade, I’m like a gateway teacher to high school. It’s kind of like, hey, look, you’re going to have to if you don’t advocate for yourself, that’s going to be a problem. Like, it’s going to be a problem in a way that it might not have been a problem before. It’s going to definitely be a problem now because like things are coming at you a little fast. Things are like you got to be able to say, I need more time, I need an extension, I need this, I need that. I need you to call me by his name, like those things. And so I love it when that work has been done early so that they come in and that’s one less kid you have that initial conversation with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matthew R. Kay is going into his 18th year teaching in Philadelphia. His other book is called \u003cem>Not Light But Fire.\u003c/em> Jennifer Orr has been teaching elementary school for 25 years. The book she wrote with Matthew is called \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep on Talking\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> MindShift will have more minisodes coming down the pipeline to bring you ideas and innovations from experts in education and beyond. Don’t forget to hit follow on your favorite podcast app so you don’t miss a thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> The MindShift team includes me, Nimah Gobir, Ki Sung, , Kara Newhouse, and Marlena Jackson-Retondo. Our editor is Chris Hambrick. Seth Samuel is our sound designer. We receive additional support from Jen Chien , Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldaña and Holly Kernan. MindShift is supported, in part, by the generosity of the William & Flora Hewlett Foundation and members of KQED.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Teachers Jennifer Orr and Matthew R. Kay discuss how teachers can empower students to advocate for correct pronunciation of their names.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706576757,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":60,"wordCount":4040},"headData":{"title":"Using picture books and classroom dialogue to honor and respect students' names | KQED","description":"Teachers Jennifer Orr and Matthew R. Kay discuss how teachers can empower students to advocate for correct pronunciation of their names.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Teachers Jennifer Orr and Matthew R. Kay discuss how teachers can empower students to advocate for correct pronunciation of their names."},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC1058124335.mp3?updated=1699923421","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62672/using-picture-books-and-classroom-dialogue-to-honor-and-respect-students-name","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Enunciated syllables, slow speech and spelling — these are the adjustments some students find themselves making as \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52183/teachers-strategies-for-pronouncing-and-remembering-students-names-correctly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">they introduce themselves to their teachers each school year\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For these students, whose names might be misspelled in emails or autocorrected in text messages, this annual ritual carries significance. It often determines what they will be called for the entire school year. “This is a matter children feel strongly about, yet adults aren’t always as attentive to,” said elementary school teacher \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jenorr?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jennifer Orr\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2011 study\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> daily mispronunciations of names are microaggressions that can significantly affect \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/people/marcos.pizarro/courses/185/s1/Names.pdf\">students’ self-perception and sense of belonging\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Names are one of the topics covered in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://stenhouse.com/products/9781625315755_were-gonna-keep-on-talking\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’re Gonna Keep on Talking\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which Orr co-authored with Philadelphia educator \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MattRKay?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Matthew R. Kay\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The book guides educators through how to foster meaningful conversations about race with elementary school students. The names unit, which Orr has done about five times over the last 15 years, uses books to initiate discussions within the classroom. The authors recommend how to structure partner and class dialogues and how to create a supportive environment for students to share their experiences related to names. The unit also encourages students to delve deeper into their own identities by gathering information about their names from their families.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Kay’s previous work, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://stenhouse.com/products/9781625310989_not-light-but-fire\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not Light, But Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, explored how to facilitate discussions about race with high schoolers, this sequel tailors the approach to the needs of younger learners. “You don’t get [elementary school] kids’ attention for 45 minutes, even in the upper grades. That’s a long period of time for a child to stay focused,” said Orr. “These discussions have to happen over months instead of class periods.” Regardless of grade level, Kay and Orr agreed that these are conversations children are eager to have.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Exploring names through engaging books\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr said it’s important to create a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59104/identity-mastery-belonging-and-efficacy-four-ways-student-agency-can-flourish\">supportive and inclusive classroom community\u003c/a> before getting into discussions about names. “I don’t want kids to end up feeling raw or vulnerable because we haven’t built the space for that kind of a conversation,” she said. It’s crucial to establish foundations of trust and effective communication even with students one may have taught in previous years. According to Kay, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61775/how-important-was-your-favorite-teacher-to-your-success-researchers-have-done-the-math\">strong teacher-student rapport\u003c/a> should never be taken for granted. As he put it, “You can’t spend last year’s currency.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr’s approach includes practicing active listening and respectful engagement with her students. She often does interactive read-alouds, pausing at planned points while reading picture books to encourage and hone students’ discussion and listening skills. Orr uses books to open the door to the conversation. “There are children’s books coming out all the time on names in a way that is so exciting,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.candlewick.com/cat.asp?mode=book&isbn=0763693553&browse=Title\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">by Juana Martinez-Neal is one of Orr’s go-to books for kicking off the unit. In this book, Alma Sofia Esperanza José Pura Candela wants to know why she has so many names. Her father explains how she got each one. After the character Alma is introduced, Orr asks students to share their thoughts about her name. “Does it seem too long?” Students will often use this opportunity to relate in with comments like “I’m named after my grandma too!” She also stops for discussion halfway through \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> so students have the opportunity to discuss with a partner. “What do you think of Alma’s name now?” Orr asks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another book that Orr uses is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theinnovationpress.com/your-name-is-a-song\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Your Name Is a Song\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by Jamilah Thompkins-Bigelow and Luisa Uribe. The book follows a young girl who is upset that no one is pronouncing her name correctly. The main character’s mom teaches her about the musicality of names from other cultures. The story resonates with students, bridging the common experience of name mispronunciation. Through these books, students begin to grasp that names can carry rich histories, Orr said. In all, each read-aloud and discussion takes about 25 minutes, so that her young students don’t get bored or restless.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Extending conversations beyond the classroom\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Books also serve as a catalyst for taking the conversation beyond the classroom walls. Recognizing the importance of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/documents/family-community/partners-education.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> collaboration between school and home in nurturing a child’s sense of identity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, she suggests that students go home and initiate discussions with their families about the significance and stories behind their names. This part of the unit can lead to self exploration for students and open up a window to their parents’ decisions, according to Kay. Orr proactively reaches out to families to inform them about the discussions taking place in class, so they won’t be blindsided by their child’s questions. She emphasizes that participation in these conversations at home is optional, as is sharing in class. “They can make it fit their comfort level,” Orr said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC1058124335&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In class, Orr and Kay recommend starting the next conversation with “Who wants to share what they’ve learned about their name from their family?” This dialogue allows students to share their newfound understanding and feelings about their names. Orr is often surprised by the unique stories and experiences that students bring forward. Some Latino students have told her that other teachers Americanized their names. For example, instead of “David,” where the “i” is pronounced with a long “e” sound, a teacher might use the flat “i” like the sound in zip. She also remembered a fifth grader one year who was a recent immigrant from China. “I swear she spent a week trying to get me to say her name properly,” she admitted. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Orr noted that elementary school students will often just accept the way their name is pronounced until they have this conversation in class. She said that name discussions may not always result in kids being able to advocate for themselves but they become more likely to advocate for other students. “That power between adults and kids is still so strong. And yet, on behalf of someone else, they’ll stand up to that power and they’ll make it clear that actually, no, that’s not how you say it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a high school teacher, Kay is excited by the prospect of not being the first one to have conversations about identity and culture with students. “I can see the inquiry seeds,” he said. Orr and Kay envision a future where elementary school teachers continue to introduce these conversations, paving the way for students to advocate for the pronunciation of their names as well as for the respect and recognition of others’ identities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This story was updated to include the name of the illustrator of \u003c/em>Your Name Is a Song.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Welcome to MindShift, the podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids. I’m Nimah Gobir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir: \u003c/strong> Matthew R. Kay is a high school English teacher in Philadelphia. He’s also the author behind the book \u003cem>Not Light, But Fire. \u003c/em>And he knows how to spark meaningful conversations with high schoolers. In the book, he shares a lesson that’s an absolute hit with his students. And it’s all about their names\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay: \u003c/strong> I think every teacher has that one lesson where like, if you’re going to observe me, I’m going to look like a rock star. Like the principal walks through, you’re like, “Say less. I got this”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> This is your knock it out of the park lesson? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> Oh, easy, easy. This is the one where the kids are lined up afterwards to say they didn’t get a chance to share. This is the one where I have to apologize to my colleagues. I’m like, “What can I do? I’m sorry.” It’s so juicy and it feels so good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matt teamed up with elementary school teacher Jennifer Orr for their new book, \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep on Talking.\u003c/em> They’ve taken lessons from his high school teaching experience and tailored them for younger students. Today’s episode features a conversation about how Matt’s lesson about names looks in Jen’s elementary school classroom. We’ll get into that conversation after the break\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matt, you wrote \u003cem>Not Light But Fire\u003c/em> about your experience teaching in high school classrooms a few years ago. Can you tell me about your decision to add \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep On Talking\u003c/em> to the canon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> One of the biggest thing that was asked of me, teachers would come up to me and they would say, When are you going to come up with the elementary books? And that was something that I normally kind of brushed aside. Like I respected it, but I was kind of like, well, you know, never because I’m not an elementary teacher. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But I feel like what separated \u003cem>Not Light\u003c/em> was my storytelling . \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And I feel like that’s the part that’s hardest for someone who doesn’t teach high school — the actual visualization of what does this conversation look like? \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s why I decided to see if I could find an elementary teacher who could who could help with that. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Jen, this book is all about your experience in the classroom with elementary school students. There’s a part where you talk about a lesson on students’ names, and it’s different from the lesson that Matt uses with his students. Can you tell me how you scaffold this conversation for younger kids?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> Sure. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’ve taught in several different schools in my school district and in almost all of them. There have been kids who have really struggled with their with name, pronunciation, children whose who they or their families had emigrated to this country. And their names do not fit our kind of Americanized way of saying things. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> And as many things are in my elementary classroom and in many, it’s tied into a lot of literature. So there’s several different books that we read throughout the course of the unit and really talk through things through the lens of the books as a way to kind of open the door to the conversation and then make it much more personal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> It was always designed around discussing kids first names. Where does your name come from? What does your name mean? Knowing that some families may not want to have that conversation. Keeping it open ended for kids they could choose to share or not share. The conversation then grew into last names as well as kids started to notice things about each other’s last names, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> noticing kind of beginning to really build an understanding of why people are names and what those what weight is carried in names and where that can carry history as well as for your own self. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir: \u003c/strong> Talking about names can get vulnerable because it can bring up stuff about race and identity. What are some strategies that can teachers use to ensure students feel valued in conversations like these and respected by not only you as the teacher, but also the other kids in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> That’s a huge question because none of this works if we don’t start from that point. A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">t the start of each school year. It’s not only important that we build that community within our classroom, which is huge and crucial, and we talk about some different ways to do that in the book, but also to build that community with our colleagues and with the families of our students because we’re all going to be involved in this. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Even the conversation around names, in my classroom, it doesn’t happen in the first week of school because we haven’t had a chance yet to build that community. I don’t want kids to end up feeling raw or vulnerable because we haven’t built that space for that kind of a conversation before we have it. So we have to be careful that we’re not jumping into it too soon. T\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hat may or may not be true for Matt…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> To be honest, it’s the same in in secondary. I\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">n one of my PD sessions to talk about myths about safe spaces and one of them is that it’s permanent. Ou\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r metaphors that we use for safe spaces like building and stuff like that probably need a little bit of work because it like leads to the assumption that you build it and then it’s built right. But it’s really it’s more about building and maintaining and maintaining and maintaining. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> You can you can’t spend last year’s currency like the kids I’m about to meet in a month, it’s best for me to assume that they don’t know me from a can of paint , even if I work with them last year. Because who knows what happened this summer. They could be a different kid. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir\u003c/strong>: So what I’m hearing is that it takes intentional time and you actually keep spending that time. You don’t get to just bank it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> I think that’s true of almost anything in a classroom. You spend the start of the school year setting all of these things up and making sure they’re established but that doesn’t mean you’re done with it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Jen, you mentioned that this unit takes a lot more time at the elementary school level because you’re working with little ones who – let’s be honest, can have a really short attention span. I love the idea of using books to initiate that broad conversation and then slowly getting more and more focused. Can you tell me some of the picture books that you read during this unit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr: \u003c/strong> \u003cem>My Name Is a Song\u003c/em>, which is a beautiful one of a young girl who is complaining about how no one pronounces her name correctly. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And her mom really sort of reassuring her about the way that that names are songs and how beautiful that is. And by the end of the book, I’m not sure if she’s fully convinced of the beauty of it and the fact that she knows her name is still going to be mispronounced, but she definitely has some reassurance\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Another one is Juana Martinez Neal’s book, \u003cem>Alma and How She Got Her Name\u003c/em>. And Alma has I can’t remember it now, you know, maybe six or seven names in her name. And the book is her father explaining to her where each of those names came from, which is our great introduction into then talking about where did your name come from and inviting children and their families into that conversation through that book.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Something I’ve heard you say is that nothing happens at the elementary school level without getting families involved. How do you involve parents and caregivers in this unit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> At the end of that first day of digging into the book, I will reach out to families and say, We read this book. We had this conversation. Kids may be asking you where their name came from and if you’re willing to share with them and if they want to share with the class we’ll be talking about that in the coming weeks.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> There’s a lot going on with names. There are all these situations that I don’t want kids to feel uncomfortable with. And then sometimes it’s a single parent and it may also come down to this child is living with someone who is not their parent who may not even know their name story. A bit part of it is to make sure that families that this is an option and we’re really interested and that we’re not trying to put anyone on the spot and that kids have that same sense.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> What is really cool about this unit is that it gives students the opportunity to learn more about their teachers because it sounds like you two also talk about your names with your students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> I just really love the self-exploration and the showing kids the power and also like opening up a window to their parents decisions, I think, which is something that’s really cool. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay: \u003c/strong> I get to open up about myself, you know, like I’m Matt is boring. Oh, there’s no meaning behind it, all that kind of stuff. But that’s because my parents both had unique names and they didn’t like everybody always jacking their name up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> Matt could be a white dude and I until you meet me. So they didn’t want me to have any kind of disadvantages on resumes and stuff. So they were really intentional about Matt. And then I went and turned around, gave my daughters two very unique names that they will always have to correct people. And so it’s just weird about it how that cycle keeps going. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Unique names are very character building. I’m saying that as some one with a unique name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> You always have to spell it out\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Yeah, yeah my name has an ‘H’ at the end, so I had to learn how to correct people as they were spelling it. How about you, Jen?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> I was one of those kids I probably wouldn’t have wanted had this conversation because I have no story behind my name. Something I still hold against my parents. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And like Matt I, my children have names that have stories behind them because I always hated that my parents were like “I don’t know. It was pretty.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> In this name activity were there any surprising moments or stories that emerged during this name unit that stood out to you that were meaningful or impactful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> There’s a lot of good stories in that chapter. J\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">elly was one of them. S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ome early teacher couldn’t pronounce her name, and so she they gave her the nickname and then she went with it. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We recognize a teacher probably overstepped their bounds. We recognize all those things. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I didn’t force her to not go by this nickname. Unfortunately, a lot of well-intentioned teachers can push so hard, and the kid’s like, really fine with the nickname. W\u003c/span>e just examined what happened. I’m not moralizing.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> My job is to help you understand things, right? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> Every year there are things that come as a surprise to me. Even when I have spent weeks with these kids or have had conversations with families. The piece that really stands out to me is that I had a couple of students over the years, several students, but with LatinX names who who had regularly had teachers Americanize them. So instead of David, who was David. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These young ones just accept that their name is being mispronounced until we have this conversation often. And then they will say “But that’s not how we say my name at home. That’s not my name.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> But even when they realize this isn’t okay, they often would not at first grade or kindergarten advocate for themselves, but they advocate for each other. And so I would notice, you know, they would be a substitute teacher who hadn’t yet gotten this, who’s going through the role in P.E. or something, and says David David would just be like, “Yeah,” but others are like “It’s David.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Jennifer Orr:\u003c/strong> It was really interesting to see that they felt strongly about their names but that power between adults and kids is still so strong and yet on behalf of someone else they’ll stand up to that power\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> And I feel like this unit tells students Oh no, you can advocate for how it is pronounced and what other people call you. And that’s an important lesson, I think at a young age, at the elementary school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Matthew R. Kay:\u003c/strong> It’s similar at the high school level too. O\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ften it’ll be someone else who tells me something about a name or pronoun. It’ll be a classmate. If they’re speaking up to me, that means that teachers before them have made it okay to speak to them in a critical way. \u003c/span>In ninth grade, I’m like a gateway teacher to high school. It’s kind of like, hey, look, you’re going to have to if you don’t advocate for yourself, that’s going to be a problem. Like, it’s going to be a problem in a way that it might not have been a problem before. It’s going to definitely be a problem now because like things are coming at you a little fast. Things are like you got to be able to say, I need more time, I need an extension, I need this, I need that. I need you to call me by his name, like those things. And so I love it when that work has been done early so that they come in and that’s one less kid you have that initial conversation with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> Matthew R. Kay is going into his 18th year teaching in Philadelphia. His other book is called \u003cem>Not Light But Fire.\u003c/em> Jennifer Orr has been teaching elementary school for 25 years. The book she wrote with Matthew is called \u003cem>We’re Gonna Keep on Talking\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> MindShift will have more minisodes coming down the pipeline to bring you ideas and innovations from experts in education and beyond. Don’t forget to hit follow on your favorite podcast app so you don’t miss a thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nimah Gobir:\u003c/strong> The MindShift team includes me, Nimah Gobir, Ki Sung, , Kara Newhouse, and Marlena Jackson-Retondo. Our editor is Chris Hambrick. Seth Samuel is our sound designer. We receive additional support from Jen Chien , Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldaña and Holly Kernan. MindShift is supported, in part, by the generosity of the William & Flora Hewlett Foundation and members of KQED.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62672/using-picture-books-and-classroom-dialogue-to-honor-and-respect-students-name","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_20729","mindshift_21512","mindshift_194","mindshift_21130","mindshift_20960"],"tags":["mindshift_21101","mindshift_21707","mindshift_21230","mindshift_21015","mindshift_797","mindshift_21222","mindshift_231","mindshift_290","mindshift_21284","mindshift_21742"],"featImg":"mindshift_62674","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_61888":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_61888","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"61888","score":null,"sort":[1687744821000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"4-parenting-priorities-to-prevent-mental-health-summer-slide","title":"4 parenting priorities to prevent mental health 'summer slide'","publishDate":1687744821,"format":"standard","headTitle":"4 parenting priorities to prevent mental health ‘summer slide’ | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With school on break, along with all the homework, tests and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59625/three-reasons-teens-need-later-school-start-times\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">early start times\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that come with it, parents often assume that young people’s stress and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">anxiety\u003c/a> will take a pause as well. However, that’s not always the case, especially as the novelty of summer dwindles. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Without the daily structure of school and extracurricular activities, kids may struggle with boredom or restlessness. “Summer for many of us can feel like this nebulous thing because it is just this endless free time. Additionally, the pressure to make the most of the summer break and fear of missing out on experiences can contribute to feelings of anxiety. That ambiguity spikes a lot of fear and concern,” said Miriam Stevenson, who is an executive director at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.caresolace.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Care Solace\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a company that helps schools connect families with mental health services. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Previously she worked as the director of student services for health and wellness in the Palo Alto Unified School District.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stevenson said that while Care Solace receives fewer summertime referrals, it’s not because there is less need. It’s because students aren’t at school with extra adult eyes and ears to check in on them. “There’s one less node in our safety net,” she said. When schools succeed at creating \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61775/how-important-was-your-favorite-teacher-to-your-success-researchers-have-done-the-math\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a sense of belonging\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, they can be a comforting routine for students or a safe place where they feel socially connected. Stevenson offered advice for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">parents looking to support their kids’ mental health\u003c/a> over the summer and equip them with the tools to embrace joy, conquer challenges and flourish.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>More free time doesn’t have to mean more screen time\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With more free time on their hands, it’s easy for kids to get sucked into endless hours of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59094/does-my-kid-have-a-tech-addiction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">screen usage\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, especially because kids are also using their devices to connect with friends that they’re no longer seeing at school everyday. An advisory from the U.S. Surgeon General \u003ca href=\"https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/news/juvjust/us-surgeon-general-issues-advisory-social-media-and-youth-mental-health\">recently warned\u003c/a> that “frequent social media use can contribute to poor mental health.” One study cited in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/sg-youth-mental-health-social-media-advisory.pdf\">advisory \u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">found that adolescents who spent over three hours per day on social media were twice as likely to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60788/3-reasons-why-seattle-schools-are-suing-big-tech-over-a-youth-mental-health-crisis\">negative mental health outcomes\u003c/a>, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. “Not all young people are good at setting their own boundaries and they might need you to be the bad guy,” said Stevenson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first thing parents can do to limit screen time is to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60436/when-parents-practice-good-screen-habits-it-rubs-off-on-the-whole-family\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">lead by example with their own devices\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “They’re going to do what we do, not what we tell them to do,” added Stevenson. By modeling moderation and offering alternatives that get kids moving and exploring, parents can make a well-rounded summer seem more attainable. Summer is an opportunity to be present with one another as a family, said Stevenson. “Have technology-free times together or meals together — moments where there isn’t a screen that’s interfering with your ability to connect,” she suggested. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, parents can give their children a screen time budget. “They get to decide how they want to use the amount of screen time that they have,” said Stevenson. “That gives them some autonomy and choice.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>The power of a summer schedule\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maintaining a routine during the summer can be a powerful tool for supporting children’s mental health, and parents can play a crucial role in establishing and reinforcing this structure. Stevenson encouraged parents to proactively determine a schedule with kids, including \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60543/what-parents-need-to-monitor-about-teens-sleep-beyond-the-hour-count\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bedtimes and wake-up times\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “There’s great freedom in the summer to allow us to go to our natural circadian rhythms. And unfortunately, as lovely as that might be, it’s going to make waking up early harder when they come back [to school],” said Stevenson. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/sleep_hygiene.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Consistent sleep patterns\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> can improve sleep health, which is closely \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://publications.aap.org/aapnews/news/13792?autologincheck=redirected\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">linked to children’s mental health and wellbeing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “If you don’t have morning routines or evening routines as a family, the summer is a good time to experiment,” Stevenson said. Creating a daily schedule that includes dedicated time for physical activity, reading, hobbies and socializing can provide a sense of stability and purpose.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because school’s out doesn’t mean learning stops. In fact, it’s the best time to learn because you have the sole choice over what you get to be curious, pursue or inquire about,” she added. Outside of the hustle and bustle of the school year, parents can encourage kids to think about how they’re contributing to their community, which can look like setting the table each night, visiting older relatives or volunteering locally. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Open communication can help parents recognize warning signs\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It can be difficult to identify signs that a kid is struggling with mental health, especially if they are older. Although resources with lists of warning signs exist, they can often read like teenagers being teenagers, Stevenson said. “They’re emotional. They’re volatile. They’re withdrawn. They like to sleep all day.” Instead of scrutinizing every potential symptom, Stevenson suggested parents keep an eye on significant changes in behavior, mood, eating and sleep habits. “Trust that you know your kid,” she said. “You know what their baseline is.” Additionally, parents can establish a daily check-in with their child, such as a text asking how they’re doing or a designated time in the evening to share highs and lows from the day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If parents notice warning signs of poor mental health, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">open and honest communication\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is vital. Engaging in supportive conversations with their child, expressing concern and actively listening without judgment can create a safe space for them to share their feelings. “Listen and stay in that moment and just let them express themselves. Show them that you can hold very difficult feelings,” said Stevenson. If parents feel out of their depth, they can seek professional help from a pediatrician, therapist or counselor. “Summer can present a lot of great opportunities for intensive mental health support or starting with a therapist,” she added.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Knowledge is power when it comes to school-year fear\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the beginning of the summer, going back to school may be the farthest thing from kids’ minds. But as the school start date gets closer, parents might start to see anxiety levels rise, said Stevenson. “Anytime you’re going to have \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/58462/how-to-help-anxious-students-re-adjust-to-social-settings\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a transition or there’s an unknown\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, there’s going to be an increase in worry. And if you’re already predisposed or struggling with anxiety, it’s going to exacerbate the challenges that you’re facing,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents can work with kids to find out as much information about the next school year as possible in order to dispel any fear of the future. This is especially helpful when kids are starting at a new school either because of a grade change or a recent move. Parents may encourage students to visit school and see where their classes will be or talk to their friends to see if they will be in the same classes. “As much information as they can have about what their day is going to look like and who they’re going to be with is really helpful,” said Stevenson. Additionally, parents can identify any orientation programs that the school may provide.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kids’ mental health needs persist past the end of the school year and through the summer. Embracing this opportunity to reset and focus on mental well-being can set the stage for a fulfilling summer experience and confident start to the new school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"While many kids look forward to summer break, it can also be a time when signs of anxiety and depression go unnoticed. Screen time limits and open communication can help.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1687663688,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":1327},"headData":{"title":"4 parenting priorities to prevent mental health 'summer slide' | KQED","description":"While many kids look forward to summer break, it can also be a time when signs of emotional distress go unnoticed. Screen time limits and open communication can help.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"While many kids look forward to summer break, it can also be a time when signs of emotional distress go unnoticed. Screen time limits and open communication can help."},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/61888/4-parenting-priorities-to-prevent-mental-health-summer-slide","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With school on break, along with all the homework, tests and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59625/three-reasons-teens-need-later-school-start-times\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">early start times\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that come with it, parents often assume that young people’s stress and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">anxiety\u003c/a> will take a pause as well. However, that’s not always the case, especially as the novelty of summer dwindles. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Without the daily structure of school and extracurricular activities, kids may struggle with boredom or restlessness. “Summer for many of us can feel like this nebulous thing because it is just this endless free time. Additionally, the pressure to make the most of the summer break and fear of missing out on experiences can contribute to feelings of anxiety. That ambiguity spikes a lot of fear and concern,” said Miriam Stevenson, who is an executive director at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.caresolace.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Care Solace\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a company that helps schools connect families with mental health services. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Previously she worked as the director of student services for health and wellness in the Palo Alto Unified School District.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stevenson said that while Care Solace receives fewer summertime referrals, it’s not because there is less need. It’s because students aren’t at school with extra adult eyes and ears to check in on them. “There’s one less node in our safety net,” she said. When schools succeed at creating \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61775/how-important-was-your-favorite-teacher-to-your-success-researchers-have-done-the-math\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a sense of belonging\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, they can be a comforting routine for students or a safe place where they feel socially connected. Stevenson offered advice for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">parents looking to support their kids’ mental health\u003c/a> over the summer and equip them with the tools to embrace joy, conquer challenges and flourish.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>More free time doesn’t have to mean more screen time\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With more free time on their hands, it’s easy for kids to get sucked into endless hours of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59094/does-my-kid-have-a-tech-addiction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">screen usage\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, especially because kids are also using their devices to connect with friends that they’re no longer seeing at school everyday. An advisory from the U.S. Surgeon General \u003ca href=\"https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/news/juvjust/us-surgeon-general-issues-advisory-social-media-and-youth-mental-health\">recently warned\u003c/a> that “frequent social media use can contribute to poor mental health.” One study cited in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/sg-youth-mental-health-social-media-advisory.pdf\">advisory \u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">found that adolescents who spent over three hours per day on social media were twice as likely to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60788/3-reasons-why-seattle-schools-are-suing-big-tech-over-a-youth-mental-health-crisis\">negative mental health outcomes\u003c/a>, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. “Not all young people are good at setting their own boundaries and they might need you to be the bad guy,” said Stevenson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first thing parents can do to limit screen time is to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60436/when-parents-practice-good-screen-habits-it-rubs-off-on-the-whole-family\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">lead by example with their own devices\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “They’re going to do what we do, not what we tell them to do,” added Stevenson. By modeling moderation and offering alternatives that get kids moving and exploring, parents can make a well-rounded summer seem more attainable. Summer is an opportunity to be present with one another as a family, said Stevenson. “Have technology-free times together or meals together — moments where there isn’t a screen that’s interfering with your ability to connect,” she suggested. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, parents can give their children a screen time budget. “They get to decide how they want to use the amount of screen time that they have,” said Stevenson. “That gives them some autonomy and choice.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>The power of a summer schedule\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maintaining a routine during the summer can be a powerful tool for supporting children’s mental health, and parents can play a crucial role in establishing and reinforcing this structure. Stevenson encouraged parents to proactively determine a schedule with kids, including \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60543/what-parents-need-to-monitor-about-teens-sleep-beyond-the-hour-count\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bedtimes and wake-up times\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “There’s great freedom in the summer to allow us to go to our natural circadian rhythms. And unfortunately, as lovely as that might be, it’s going to make waking up early harder when they come back [to school],” said Stevenson. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/sleep_hygiene.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Consistent sleep patterns\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> can improve sleep health, which is closely \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://publications.aap.org/aapnews/news/13792?autologincheck=redirected\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">linked to children’s mental health and wellbeing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “If you don’t have morning routines or evening routines as a family, the summer is a good time to experiment,” Stevenson said. Creating a daily schedule that includes dedicated time for physical activity, reading, hobbies and socializing can provide a sense of stability and purpose.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because school’s out doesn’t mean learning stops. In fact, it’s the best time to learn because you have the sole choice over what you get to be curious, pursue or inquire about,” she added. Outside of the hustle and bustle of the school year, parents can encourage kids to think about how they’re contributing to their community, which can look like setting the table each night, visiting older relatives or volunteering locally. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Open communication can help parents recognize warning signs\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It can be difficult to identify signs that a kid is struggling with mental health, especially if they are older. Although resources with lists of warning signs exist, they can often read like teenagers being teenagers, Stevenson said. “They’re emotional. They’re volatile. They’re withdrawn. They like to sleep all day.” Instead of scrutinizing every potential symptom, Stevenson suggested parents keep an eye on significant changes in behavior, mood, eating and sleep habits. “Trust that you know your kid,” she said. “You know what their baseline is.” Additionally, parents can establish a daily check-in with their child, such as a text asking how they’re doing or a designated time in the evening to share highs and lows from the day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If parents notice warning signs of poor mental health, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61186/what-parents-need-to-know-about-their-teens-mental-health\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">open and honest communication\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is vital. Engaging in supportive conversations with their child, expressing concern and actively listening without judgment can create a safe space for them to share their feelings. “Listen and stay in that moment and just let them express themselves. Show them that you can hold very difficult feelings,” said Stevenson. If parents feel out of their depth, they can seek professional help from a pediatrician, therapist or counselor. “Summer can present a lot of great opportunities for intensive mental health support or starting with a therapist,” she added.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Knowledge is power when it comes to school-year fear\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the beginning of the summer, going back to school may be the farthest thing from kids’ minds. But as the school start date gets closer, parents might start to see anxiety levels rise, said Stevenson. “Anytime you’re going to have \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/58462/how-to-help-anxious-students-re-adjust-to-social-settings\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a transition or there’s an unknown\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, there’s going to be an increase in worry. And if you’re already predisposed or struggling with anxiety, it’s going to exacerbate the challenges that you’re facing,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents can work with kids to find out as much information about the next school year as possible in order to dispel any fear of the future. This is especially helpful when kids are starting at a new school either because of a grade change or a recent move. Parents may encourage students to visit school and see where their classes will be or talk to their friends to see if they will be in the same classes. “As much information as they can have about what their day is going to look like and who they’re going to be with is really helpful,” said Stevenson. Additionally, parents can identify any orientation programs that the school may provide.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kids’ mental health needs persist past the end of the school year and through the summer. Embracing this opportunity to reset and focus on mental well-being can set the stage for a fulfilling summer experience and confident start to the new school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/61888/4-parenting-priorities-to-prevent-mental-health-summer-slide","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_21445","mindshift_20729","mindshift_21280","mindshift_21385","mindshift_20697"],"tags":["mindshift_21093","mindshift_20811","mindshift_20589","mindshift_21070","mindshift_21100","mindshift_20865","mindshift_20568","mindshift_290","mindshift_20816","mindshift_634","mindshift_21083","mindshift_514","mindshift_21159","mindshift_1038"],"featImg":"mindshift_61890","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_61082":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_61082","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"61082","score":null,"sort":[1676912433000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-grown-ups-can-help-kids-transition-to-post-pandemic-school-life","title":"How grown-ups can help kids transition to 'post-pandemic' school life","publishDate":1676912433,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>School counselor Meredith Draughn starts every day by greeting the students who fill her campus hallways, cup of coffee in hand. There are about 350 of them, and she knows all their names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Kids want to feel known and want to feel loved. And greeting them by name is one way we can do that...\u003ca href=\"https://www.panoramaed.com/blog/student-sense-of-belonging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Research\u003c/a> shows that that helps us build a positive culture and a welcoming culture.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn works at B. Everett Jordan Elementary School in the rural town of Graham, N.C., and she was recently named 2023's School Counselor of the Year by the American School Counselor Association (ASCA). The selection committee praised Draughn's data-driven approach and passion for her students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The award comes at a pivotal time for Draughn: in the middle of the most \"normal\" school year since the pandemic began. Masking is \u003ca href=\"https://about.burbio.com/school-mask-policy-tracker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">optional in most schools\u003c/a>; quarantine regulations have been loosened; and in May, the Biden administration plans to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/30/1152702709/covid-emergency-declarations-end-white-house\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">declare an end\u003c/a> to the COVID-19 public health emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But children are still reeling from what they experienced during the pandemic. Many students have struggled with mental health, academics and a general lack of connection to their classroom. All things Draughn has seen in her school, too. But she says there is an upside to all those challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a lot of people focus on trauma changing the brain...but what they miss is that\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00085/full__;!!Iwwt!XObgxpw0S5sOzGGGs5wkqiSEwWsiUu_-7PdESFAefr1O4Q6ruw0KpnK-XVt1kKJRWHyDHwO7bH_FCCMbOg%24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> healing changes it \u003c/a>as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn has this advice for how educators and families can support their students as they navigate the transition to \"post-pandemic\" life:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Establish regular routines and a sense of control\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The pandemic disrupted everybody's daily routines, and that lack of structure was especially difficult for children. Draughn says rebuilding routine takes time and consistency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way she likes to build consistent habits for students is by setting goals, big or small, like being respectful or following directions. She begins the day with a \"check-in,\" where students share what they'd like to accomplish, and ends it with a \"check-out\" to see if they met their goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those successes in small ways can lead to big impacts,\" she explains. \"You're creating a habit, ultimately.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And habits can help give students a sense of control. Pandemic or not, Draughn says, a lack of control is something young people often struggle with,, and it can lead to some \u003cem>big \u003c/em>feelings, even outbursts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it's just reteaching what we can do when we don't have control over something and how we regain control and regulation over our own feelings and emotions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She uses exercises like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hirlvRC3Dxc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">circles of control\u003c/a>, which asks students to distinguish between things that are outside their control, and things they have the power to change. If the source of frustration is outside a child's control, she redirects their focus to something else that \u003cem>is \u003c/em>in their control to help them feel empowered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn says reestablishing structure, and giving students a sense of control, can lead to better self-regulation and a host of other benefits, including the motivation to show up to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like a number of districts across the country, Draughn says hers is continuing to combat elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/12/07/456208805/how-a-schools-attendance-number-hides-big-problems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chronic absenteeism\u003c/a>, which is when students miss 10% or more of the school year. She says reintroducing school as a part of the daily routine can help students feel more connected to the classroom. That, in turn, gives children a sense of belonging that can improve attendance and set them up for success in later grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Successful habits build a successful life,\" Draughn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Every behavior communicates a need\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Children express themselves through behavior—that's nothing new. But Draughn says if educators or parents are dealing with particularly challenging behaviors, it's essential to pay attention to the story those actions might be telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All behaviors, at least in children, are communication.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn points to an example of a child caught stealing food from another student. Rather than place blame, Draughn looks to what that behavior might tell her about the child's life outside of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is that behavior indicating? Sometimes that is an indication that basic needs are not being met. That is our first question. Not, 'Why did you steal?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children often behave in attention-seeking ways, and that's also true when they're acting out. One way to encourage \u003cem>positive\u003c/em> behaviors is to consistently celebrate things like following directions or standing patiently in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If [attention] is really what they're craving, then they're probably going to do it again,\" Draughn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing and meeting a child's unique sensory needs is another way to reward them. Maybe they can't focus when a classmate taps a pencil against a desk, or when they're wearing an uncomfortable piece of clothing. Draughn once had a student who regularly acted out in P.E. – it turned out the seam at the toe-line of his socks was an uncomfortable sensory experience for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your brain is gaining information from [all five] senses,\" she says. \"And when you're in sensory overload, your brain cannot gain new information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To identify sensory-avoidant or sensory-seeking behavior, Draughn simply asks students about their preferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So you either tone down or give them that sensory input [they're looking for].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did she help that P.E. student? \"We finally settled on Toms and a very sheer sock that he could take off right after P.E.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Tools for helping kids cope with anxiety\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In October, a coalition of organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association, \u003ca href=\"https://downloads.aap.org/DOFA/NED%20Anniversary%20Sign-on%20Letter%20to%20President%20Biden%20Final%2010-13-22.pdf\">called on\u003c/a> President Biden to declare \"a federal National Emergency in children's mental health.\" Their letter cites a \"troubling\" growth in the number of young children diagnosed with anxiety and other disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn says she's also seen a higher number of anxiety-related referrals since the pandemic began. But she thinks that's in part due to a heightened sense of awareness around mental health in her community. \"Students have always been anxious, now they just have a word to name it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says helping children understand what anxiety is, and how their body responds to it, is a good first step to addressing it. She tells them about physical symptoms like sweating, fidgeting and nervousness. Another tell-tale sign is a stomach-ache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anxiety is a natural body response to tell us something's wrong. ... When we recognize it early on, we can put strategies in place to deal with it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she's intervening with an anxious child, Draughn uses kid-friendly words to describe what they're experiencing, like \"extra energy.\" Then, she finds ways for her students to expend or redirect that energy, like through exercise or simply allowing them to fidget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If children feel too anxious or uncomfortable to get up and move, she suggests slowing things down with breathing exercises. You can ask a child to breathe in as though they're smelling a flower, and breathe out as though they're blowing out a candle. Draughn also likes to use a method called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoGTlBkP3IU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4 x 4 breathing.\u003c/a>\" She asks students to envision a square and breathe along each of its lines: \"You're going to breathe for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, breathe out through your mouth for 4 seconds, hold for four seconds. And you do that four times.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another strategy for when life feels overwhelming to children is to make it feel more bite-sized. \"When we look at it as a whole day, or hour or a whole class, it can get really daunting,\" Draughn says. So instead, she asks students to choose an activity or task that feels achievable within a few minutes, like journaling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when all else fails, distractions, like playing games or drawing, can be a simple but powerful tool to redirect anxiety—for both kids and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Edited by: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/348780034/nicole-cohen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Nicole Cohen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nVisual design and development by: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/348775569/la-johnson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>LA Johnson\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+grown-ups+can+help+kids+transition+to+%27post-pandemic%27+school+life&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"2023's School Counselor of the Year Meredith Draughn shares some advice as kids navigate the most \"normal\" school year since COVID-19 hit the U.S. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1676994688,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1359},"headData":{"title":"How grown-ups can help kids transition to 'post-pandemic' school life | KQED","description":"2023's School Counselor of the Year Meredith Draughn shares some advice as kids navigate the most "normal" school year since COVID-19 hit the U.S.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"nprByline":"Jonaki Mehta","nprImageAgency":"Kimberly Lyddane ","nprStoryId":"1155399753","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1155399753&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/20/1155399753/school-counselor-child-anxiety-mental-health?ft=nprml&f=1155399753","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 20 Feb 2023 17:57:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 20 Feb 2023 05:01:06 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 20 Feb 2023 05:01:06 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2023/02/20230220_atc_how_grown-ups_can_help_kids_transition_to_post-pandemic_school_life.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=265&p=2&story=1155399753&ft=nprml&f=1155399753","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11158401874-aac1bf.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=265&p=2&story=1155399753&ft=nprml&f=1155399753","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/61082/how-grown-ups-can-help-kids-transition-to-post-pandemic-school-life","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2023/02/20230220_atc_how_grown-ups_can_help_kids_transition_to_post-pandemic_school_life.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=265&p=2&story=1155399753&ft=nprml&f=1155399753","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>School counselor Meredith Draughn starts every day by greeting the students who fill her campus hallways, cup of coffee in hand. There are about 350 of them, and she knows all their names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Kids want to feel known and want to feel loved. And greeting them by name is one way we can do that...\u003ca href=\"https://www.panoramaed.com/blog/student-sense-of-belonging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Research\u003c/a> shows that that helps us build a positive culture and a welcoming culture.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn works at B. Everett Jordan Elementary School in the rural town of Graham, N.C., and she was recently named 2023's School Counselor of the Year by the American School Counselor Association (ASCA). The selection committee praised Draughn's data-driven approach and passion for her students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The award comes at a pivotal time for Draughn: in the middle of the most \"normal\" school year since the pandemic began. Masking is \u003ca href=\"https://about.burbio.com/school-mask-policy-tracker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">optional in most schools\u003c/a>; quarantine regulations have been loosened; and in May, the Biden administration plans to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/30/1152702709/covid-emergency-declarations-end-white-house\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">declare an end\u003c/a> to the COVID-19 public health emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But children are still reeling from what they experienced during the pandemic. Many students have struggled with mental health, academics and a general lack of connection to their classroom. All things Draughn has seen in her school, too. But she says there is an upside to all those challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a lot of people focus on trauma changing the brain...but what they miss is that\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00085/full__;!!Iwwt!XObgxpw0S5sOzGGGs5wkqiSEwWsiUu_-7PdESFAefr1O4Q6ruw0KpnK-XVt1kKJRWHyDHwO7bH_FCCMbOg%24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> healing changes it \u003c/a>as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn has this advice for how educators and families can support their students as they navigate the transition to \"post-pandemic\" life:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Establish regular routines and a sense of control\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The pandemic disrupted everybody's daily routines, and that lack of structure was especially difficult for children. Draughn says rebuilding routine takes time and consistency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way she likes to build consistent habits for students is by setting goals, big or small, like being respectful or following directions. She begins the day with a \"check-in,\" where students share what they'd like to accomplish, and ends it with a \"check-out\" to see if they met their goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those successes in small ways can lead to big impacts,\" she explains. \"You're creating a habit, ultimately.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And habits can help give students a sense of control. Pandemic or not, Draughn says, a lack of control is something young people often struggle with,, and it can lead to some \u003cem>big \u003c/em>feelings, even outbursts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it's just reteaching what we can do when we don't have control over something and how we regain control and regulation over our own feelings and emotions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She uses exercises like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hirlvRC3Dxc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">circles of control\u003c/a>, which asks students to distinguish between things that are outside their control, and things they have the power to change. If the source of frustration is outside a child's control, she redirects their focus to something else that \u003cem>is \u003c/em>in their control to help them feel empowered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn says reestablishing structure, and giving students a sense of control, can lead to better self-regulation and a host of other benefits, including the motivation to show up to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like a number of districts across the country, Draughn says hers is continuing to combat elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/12/07/456208805/how-a-schools-attendance-number-hides-big-problems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chronic absenteeism\u003c/a>, which is when students miss 10% or more of the school year. She says reintroducing school as a part of the daily routine can help students feel more connected to the classroom. That, in turn, gives children a sense of belonging that can improve attendance and set them up for success in later grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Successful habits build a successful life,\" Draughn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Every behavior communicates a need\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Children express themselves through behavior—that's nothing new. But Draughn says if educators or parents are dealing with particularly challenging behaviors, it's essential to pay attention to the story those actions might be telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All behaviors, at least in children, are communication.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn points to an example of a child caught stealing food from another student. Rather than place blame, Draughn looks to what that behavior might tell her about the child's life outside of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is that behavior indicating? Sometimes that is an indication that basic needs are not being met. That is our first question. Not, 'Why did you steal?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children often behave in attention-seeking ways, and that's also true when they're acting out. One way to encourage \u003cem>positive\u003c/em> behaviors is to consistently celebrate things like following directions or standing patiently in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If [attention] is really what they're craving, then they're probably going to do it again,\" Draughn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recognizing and meeting a child's unique sensory needs is another way to reward them. Maybe they can't focus when a classmate taps a pencil against a desk, or when they're wearing an uncomfortable piece of clothing. Draughn once had a student who regularly acted out in P.E. – it turned out the seam at the toe-line of his socks was an uncomfortable sensory experience for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your brain is gaining information from [all five] senses,\" she says. \"And when you're in sensory overload, your brain cannot gain new information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To identify sensory-avoidant or sensory-seeking behavior, Draughn simply asks students about their preferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So you either tone down or give them that sensory input [they're looking for].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did she help that P.E. student? \"We finally settled on Toms and a very sheer sock that he could take off right after P.E.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Tools for helping kids cope with anxiety\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In October, a coalition of organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association, \u003ca href=\"https://downloads.aap.org/DOFA/NED%20Anniversary%20Sign-on%20Letter%20to%20President%20Biden%20Final%2010-13-22.pdf\">called on\u003c/a> President Biden to declare \"a federal National Emergency in children's mental health.\" Their letter cites a \"troubling\" growth in the number of young children diagnosed with anxiety and other disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Draughn says she's also seen a higher number of anxiety-related referrals since the pandemic began. But she thinks that's in part due to a heightened sense of awareness around mental health in her community. \"Students have always been anxious, now they just have a word to name it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says helping children understand what anxiety is, and how their body responds to it, is a good first step to addressing it. She tells them about physical symptoms like sweating, fidgeting and nervousness. Another tell-tale sign is a stomach-ache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anxiety is a natural body response to tell us something's wrong. ... When we recognize it early on, we can put strategies in place to deal with it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she's intervening with an anxious child, Draughn uses kid-friendly words to describe what they're experiencing, like \"extra energy.\" Then, she finds ways for her students to expend or redirect that energy, like through exercise or simply allowing them to fidget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If children feel too anxious or uncomfortable to get up and move, she suggests slowing things down with breathing exercises. You can ask a child to breathe in as though they're smelling a flower, and breathe out as though they're blowing out a candle. Draughn also likes to use a method called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoGTlBkP3IU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4 x 4 breathing.\u003c/a>\" She asks students to envision a square and breathe along each of its lines: \"You're going to breathe for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, breathe out through your mouth for 4 seconds, hold for four seconds. And you do that four times.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another strategy for when life feels overwhelming to children is to make it feel more bite-sized. \"When we look at it as a whole day, or hour or a whole class, it can get really daunting,\" Draughn says. So instead, she asks students to choose an activity or task that feels achievable within a few minutes, like journaling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when all else fails, distractions, like playing games or drawing, can be a simple but powerful tool to redirect anxiety—for both kids and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Edited by: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/348780034/nicole-cohen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Nicole Cohen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nVisual design and development by: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/348775569/la-johnson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>LA Johnson\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+grown-ups+can+help+kids+transition+to+%27post-pandemic%27+school+life&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/61082/how-grown-ups-can-help-kids-transition-to-post-pandemic-school-life","authors":["byline_mindshift_61082"],"categories":["mindshift_20729","mindshift_21345","mindshift_21280"],"tags":["mindshift_21560","mindshift_21343","mindshift_21558","mindshift_21559","mindshift_21337","mindshift_21105"],"featImg":"mindshift_61083","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59777":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59777","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59777","score":null,"sort":[1661757499000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"want-more-meaningful-classroom-management-here-are-8-questions-teachers-can-ask-themselves","title":"Want more meaningful classroom management? Here are 8 questions teachers can ask themselves.","publishDate":1661757499,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Want more meaningful classroom management? Here are 8 questions teachers can ask themselves. | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":21847,"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first days of school usually include going over ground rules for the classroom as students return from nearly three months of summer break. All teachers approach this process differently, from posting rules on the board to co-creating norms as a class. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s nothing inherently wrong with coming up with all the rules by yourself or deciding all the rules as a class, said Detroit-based educator Carla Shalaby, author of the book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://thenewpress.com/books/troublemakers\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Troublemakers: Lessons in Freedom.”\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But she also encourages teachers to consider how norms are carried out and what they communicate to students. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Classroom management in itself is a curriculum,” said Shalaby about how teachers – often without knowing – are teaching young people through rules. “We think we’re teaching math; they’re paying attention to how we’re teaching power, authority, use of control, definitions of safety, who gets to belong and who’s good or bad.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A former public school teacher, Shalaby now trains educators at the University of Michigan’s School of Education. She helped open a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://soe.umich.edu/p20\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">partnership school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> with the Detroit Public Schools Community District where she’ll be working with novice teachers who work with kids from infancy to graduation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she trains teachers, Shalaby provides a list of eight questions they can ask themselves to guide how they think about classroom management.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>1. Do I use power to manage people in a space or do I use it to hold and make space?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Children are not born knowing how to talk through what to do when someone breaks a rule or causes harm. So they’re looking to teachers as models for how power is used. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“[These skills] are hard to teach and learn at home because home is not a democratic community. It’s a private space,” said Shalaby. “School is kids’ first exposure to the problems of the community.” \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=’mindshift_58616′]\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shalaby encourages teachers to try out new models of power that feel fair and democratic. For example, teachers can opt to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/49558/a-deeper-look-at-the-whole-school-approach-to-behavior\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">not kick kids out\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of class when they misbehave.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Give kids practice in the problems that come up when you really try to take care of every single person without removing people from your space,” said Shalaby. Kids who violate rules will also develop the skills needed to take accountability. “We’re all human beings in this project together and in this space together, and we’ve got to figure out how to do it for 180 days.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>2. Am I serving kids by having a comprehensive set of rules that eliminates all potential conflict, harm and drama?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes rules are used to get ahead of any possible issue that might come up in the classroom. But disagreement and conflict can be generative for children and in the future when they’re adults.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Solving all problems takes away kids’ opportunities to practice how to solve problems,” said Shalaby. When teachers eliminate the possibility of conflict, kids don’t learn essential basics, she said. For example, students might have a hard time working well in small groups without an adult because they don’t have the skills to find solutions on their own. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Kids grow to understand that the person in power gets to do that,” said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While it may seem like more work to deal with problems collaboratively than it is to decide and enforce rules, Shalaby said it takes more time in the long run to constantly redirect kids when they fail to comply.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>3. If a student asks ‘Why?,’ will your reason for having the policy stand up to the uniquely smart and relentless scrutiny of 30+ young people collectively seeking freedom? \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Saying “because I said so” can lead to the “nightmare of an un-winnable power struggle” against students, said Shalaby. And it’s not worth it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The main way that time gets wasted in classrooms is power struggle,” she said. “It’s exhausting. It’s driving teachers out of our profession. It’s pushing kids out of school.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC9096356573&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>4. Does this classroom rule exist only because I happen to have a personal pet peeve?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers can tell students that a rule is based on a personal pet peeve, but they have to be prepared to accommodate everyone’s pet peeves because teachers are just another member of the classroom community, said Shalaby. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s difficult for students and teachers alike to make space for each person’s unique quirks when everyone is used to deferring to a teacher. Students discover how to deal with the tensions and questions that come up when they are trying to make everyone feel like they belong.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the space and the time to skill build around harm, how we treat each other, how and whether we take care of each other and what the real challenges are in balancing what I need against what a group needs,” said Shalaby. “Those are really hard democratic problems that kids need many years of practice with.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>5. Are my actions grounded in cultivating safety or control?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A common misunderstanding is that more rules make classrooms safer, according to Shalaby. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Those are efforts to try to avoid bad things happening by exerting more control over human beings, constraining their rights more and more so that they can be trustworthy,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shalaby admits that safety and control are tricky subjects these days in light of recent school shootings. In response, schools \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theintercept.com/2018/05/30/face-recognition-schools-school-shootings/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">monitor students’ movements\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> around campus, limit \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/19/1112211589/dallas-schools-clear-backpacks\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">what they are allowed to bring into school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and even restrict \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2016/04/dress-codes-after-columbine/624407/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">what they’re allowed to wear\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As an alternative to counting on increased security to keep students safe, Shalaby points to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://jyd.pitt.edu/ojs/jyd/article/view/19-14-04-PA-3\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> saying that young people are less likely to commit community violence when they join pro-social activities such as mentorships, arts programs and after school sports. Providing access to practices and activities that foster belonging increases safety without relying on rules to control students’ bodies and behavior.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The first question comes from this artwork by Molly Costello, recently reprinted in Lessons in Liberation: An Abolitionist Toolkit for Educators (AK Press, 2021). “Are my actions grounded in cultivating safety or control?” \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/vSEDtZJP2h\">pic.twitter.com/vSEDtZJP2h\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Carla Shalaby (@CarlaShalaby) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CarlaShalaby/status/1556306636934979588?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 7, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>6. Am I defining safety in a way that requires control or freedom?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When schools use restrictive regulations, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">security and surveillance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to make schools safer, they operate on the idea that taking away students’ autonomy will lead to safety. According to Shalaby, freedom is an essential part of safety.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Safety is the practice of freedom responsibly,” she said. “In order to learn how to do that, students need to practice being accountable to others.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If rules are too constraining, students don’t have the opportunity to make decisions to keep each other safe. Instead of relying on restrictions as a means to safety, Shalaby recommends a “We keep us safe” mentality. “We mind our actions in terms of how they affect and impact other people. We learn to take accountability for the harm that we cause and set things right. Those are the things that increase our safety.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>7. Does enforcing this rule require me to behave like a police officer or an educator?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If a student is on their phone during class, a teacher might tell the student to put the phone away or even confiscate the phone. And they’ll likely have to do this several times a week. “It’s the one policy that no matter how hard they enforce it, kids break the rule,” said Shalaby\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recent studies show that the temptation to look at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59094/does-my-kid-have-a-tech-addiction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">cell phone screens is powerful for young people\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, who can get \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kiro7.com/news/trending/teacher-records-800-phone-alerts-her-students-course-day/BHHOS5SFVNH5PNU2QNOCZ4S4ZI/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hundreds of notifications during the course of a school day\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Instead of getting mixed up in a power struggle with her students over policing their phone use, she turns it into a conversation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Nobody tells me when or how I’m allowed to use my phone,” said Shalaby about the complex decisions she has to make around using her phone as an adult outside of school. “What’s the real and genuine and authentic opportunity to teach and learn something about freedom?’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She shifts away from trying to get rid of phones completely to helping students make safe and healthy decisions about screen time and responsible phone use. They can discuss how to change settings to receive less notifications, understand the addictive nature of phones and how their phone use may impact other learners.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>8. Why do I teach?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers make decisions that align with why they teach. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If the reason I teach is to deliver instruction in a content area, then nothing else is going to matter,” said Shalaby. “If the reason I teach is because I want a safer, freer and more beautiful world than the one that we have now and I believe in young people as stewards of that possible future, then I’m going to make different moves in my every day as a teacher.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Historically, educators have played an important role in freedom movements and at the forefront of struggles. They registered people to vote, promoted literacy campaigns and organized students to \u003ca href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/oral-histories-nearly-300-civil-135332641.html?guccounter=1\">advocate for civil rights\u003c/a>. Teachers today can continue the work of teachers who came before and give students the opportunities and skills to practice and build a better world, said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the same time, it’s hard to be a teacher right now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Teachers are abused, mistreated, disrespected and disinvested in, so asking people why they teach now is such a hard and painful question,” said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Envisioning a new world with students keeps her from feeling demoralized because she’s actively working towards a future where everyone, including teachers, are valued. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Teaching is not for everyone and I think anybody who has the privilege of doing it ought to ask themselves every day, ‘Why do I do this?’ And, ‘Are my actions aligning with my purpose?’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Classroom management styles run the gamut, from controlling to free. Educator Carla Shalaby provides back-to-school strategies for teachers who want to manage their classrooms more effectively.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700528879,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":39,"wordCount":1776},"headData":{"title":"Want more meaningful classroom management? Here are 8 questions teachers can ask themselves. | KQED","description":"Educator Carla Shalaby provides back-to-school strategies for teachers who want to manage their classrooms more effectively.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Educator Carla Shalaby provides back-to-school strategies for teachers who want to manage their classrooms more effectively."},"audioUrl":"https://dcs.megaphone.fm/KQINC9096356573.mp3?key=c09807f43df7464d183fc6e1ad3bc9d8&request_event_id=6690caeb-2a10-47d3-bbd5-b0fa34f36f62","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/59777/want-more-meaningful-classroom-management-here-are-8-questions-teachers-can-ask-themselves","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first days of school usually include going over ground rules for the classroom as students return from nearly three months of summer break. All teachers approach this process differently, from posting rules on the board to co-creating norms as a class. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s nothing inherently wrong with coming up with all the rules by yourself or deciding all the rules as a class, said Detroit-based educator Carla Shalaby, author of the book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://thenewpress.com/books/troublemakers\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Troublemakers: Lessons in Freedom.”\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But she also encourages teachers to consider how norms are carried out and what they communicate to students. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Classroom management in itself is a curriculum,” said Shalaby about how teachers – often without knowing – are teaching young people through rules. “We think we’re teaching math; they’re paying attention to how we’re teaching power, authority, use of control, definitions of safety, who gets to belong and who’s good or bad.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A former public school teacher, Shalaby now trains educators at the University of Michigan’s School of Education. She helped open a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://soe.umich.edu/p20\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">partnership school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> with the Detroit Public Schools Community District where she’ll be working with novice teachers who work with kids from infancy to graduation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she trains teachers, Shalaby provides a list of eight questions they can ask themselves to guide how they think about classroom management.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>1. Do I use power to manage people in a space or do I use it to hold and make space?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Children are not born knowing how to talk through what to do when someone breaks a rule or causes harm. So they’re looking to teachers as models for how power is used. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“[These skills] are hard to teach and learn at home because home is not a democratic community. It’s a private space,” said Shalaby. “School is kids’ first exposure to the problems of the community.” \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"’mindshift_58616′","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shalaby encourages teachers to try out new models of power that feel fair and democratic. For example, teachers can opt to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/49558/a-deeper-look-at-the-whole-school-approach-to-behavior\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">not kick kids out\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of class when they misbehave.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Give kids practice in the problems that come up when you really try to take care of every single person without removing people from your space,” said Shalaby. Kids who violate rules will also develop the skills needed to take accountability. “We’re all human beings in this project together and in this space together, and we’ve got to figure out how to do it for 180 days.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>2. Am I serving kids by having a comprehensive set of rules that eliminates all potential conflict, harm and drama?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes rules are used to get ahead of any possible issue that might come up in the classroom. But disagreement and conflict can be generative for children and in the future when they’re adults.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Solving all problems takes away kids’ opportunities to practice how to solve problems,” said Shalaby. When teachers eliminate the possibility of conflict, kids don’t learn essential basics, she said. For example, students might have a hard time working well in small groups without an adult because they don’t have the skills to find solutions on their own. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Kids grow to understand that the person in power gets to do that,” said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While it may seem like more work to deal with problems collaboratively than it is to decide and enforce rules, Shalaby said it takes more time in the long run to constantly redirect kids when they fail to comply.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>3. If a student asks ‘Why?,’ will your reason for having the policy stand up to the uniquely smart and relentless scrutiny of 30+ young people collectively seeking freedom? \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Saying “because I said so” can lead to the “nightmare of an un-winnable power struggle” against students, said Shalaby. And it’s not worth it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The main way that time gets wasted in classrooms is power struggle,” she said. “It’s exhausting. It’s driving teachers out of our profession. It’s pushing kids out of school.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC9096356573&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>4. Does this classroom rule exist only because I happen to have a personal pet peeve?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers can tell students that a rule is based on a personal pet peeve, but they have to be prepared to accommodate everyone’s pet peeves because teachers are just another member of the classroom community, said Shalaby. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s difficult for students and teachers alike to make space for each person’s unique quirks when everyone is used to deferring to a teacher. Students discover how to deal with the tensions and questions that come up when they are trying to make everyone feel like they belong.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the space and the time to skill build around harm, how we treat each other, how and whether we take care of each other and what the real challenges are in balancing what I need against what a group needs,” said Shalaby. “Those are really hard democratic problems that kids need many years of practice with.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>5. Are my actions grounded in cultivating safety or control?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A common misunderstanding is that more rules make classrooms safer, according to Shalaby. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Those are efforts to try to avoid bad things happening by exerting more control over human beings, constraining their rights more and more so that they can be trustworthy,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shalaby admits that safety and control are tricky subjects these days in light of recent school shootings. In response, schools \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theintercept.com/2018/05/30/face-recognition-schools-school-shootings/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">monitor students’ movements\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> around campus, limit \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/19/1112211589/dallas-schools-clear-backpacks\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">what they are allowed to bring into school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and even restrict \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2016/04/dress-codes-after-columbine/624407/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">what they’re allowed to wear\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As an alternative to counting on increased security to keep students safe, Shalaby points to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://jyd.pitt.edu/ojs/jyd/article/view/19-14-04-PA-3\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> saying that young people are less likely to commit community violence when they join pro-social activities such as mentorships, arts programs and after school sports. Providing access to practices and activities that foster belonging increases safety without relying on rules to control students’ bodies and behavior.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The first question comes from this artwork by Molly Costello, recently reprinted in Lessons in Liberation: An Abolitionist Toolkit for Educators (AK Press, 2021). “Are my actions grounded in cultivating safety or control?” \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/vSEDtZJP2h\">pic.twitter.com/vSEDtZJP2h\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Carla Shalaby (@CarlaShalaby) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CarlaShalaby/status/1556306636934979588?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 7, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>6. Am I defining safety in a way that requires control or freedom?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When schools use restrictive regulations, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">security and surveillance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to make schools safer, they operate on the idea that taking away students’ autonomy will lead to safety. According to Shalaby, freedom is an essential part of safety.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Safety is the practice of freedom responsibly,” she said. “In order to learn how to do that, students need to practice being accountable to others.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If rules are too constraining, students don’t have the opportunity to make decisions to keep each other safe. Instead of relying on restrictions as a means to safety, Shalaby recommends a “We keep us safe” mentality. “We mind our actions in terms of how they affect and impact other people. We learn to take accountability for the harm that we cause and set things right. Those are the things that increase our safety.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>7. Does enforcing this rule require me to behave like a police officer or an educator?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If a student is on their phone during class, a teacher might tell the student to put the phone away or even confiscate the phone. And they’ll likely have to do this several times a week. “It’s the one policy that no matter how hard they enforce it, kids break the rule,” said Shalaby\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recent studies show that the temptation to look at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59094/does-my-kid-have-a-tech-addiction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">cell phone screens is powerful for young people\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, who can get \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kiro7.com/news/trending/teacher-records-800-phone-alerts-her-students-course-day/BHHOS5SFVNH5PNU2QNOCZ4S4ZI/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hundreds of notifications during the course of a school day\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Instead of getting mixed up in a power struggle with her students over policing their phone use, she turns it into a conversation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Nobody tells me when or how I’m allowed to use my phone,” said Shalaby about the complex decisions she has to make around using her phone as an adult outside of school. “What’s the real and genuine and authentic opportunity to teach and learn something about freedom?’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She shifts away from trying to get rid of phones completely to helping students make safe and healthy decisions about screen time and responsible phone use. They can discuss how to change settings to receive less notifications, understand the addictive nature of phones and how their phone use may impact other learners.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>8. Why do I teach?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers make decisions that align with why they teach. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If the reason I teach is to deliver instruction in a content area, then nothing else is going to matter,” said Shalaby. “If the reason I teach is because I want a safer, freer and more beautiful world than the one that we have now and I believe in young people as stewards of that possible future, then I’m going to make different moves in my every day as a teacher.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Historically, educators have played an important role in freedom movements and at the forefront of struggles. They registered people to vote, promoted literacy campaigns and organized students to \u003ca href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/oral-histories-nearly-300-civil-135332641.html?guccounter=1\">advocate for civil rights\u003c/a>. Teachers today can continue the work of teachers who came before and give students the opportunities and skills to practice and build a better world, said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the same time, it’s hard to be a teacher right now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Teachers are abused, mistreated, disrespected and disinvested in, so asking people why they teach now is such a hard and painful question,” said Shalaby.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Envisioning a new world with students keeps her from feeling demoralized because she’s actively working towards a future where everyone, including teachers, are valued. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Teaching is not for everyone and I think anybody who has the privilege of doing it ought to ask themselves every day, ‘Why do I do this?’ And, ‘Are my actions aligning with my purpose?’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59777/want-more-meaningful-classroom-management-here-are-8-questions-teachers-can-ask-themselves","authors":["11721"],"programs":["mindshift_21847"],"categories":["mindshift_20729","mindshift_21130","mindshift_21848"],"tags":["mindshift_21198","mindshift_21474","mindshift_698","mindshift_21167","mindshift_20794","mindshift_21134","mindshift_21213","mindshift_72","mindshift_21252"],"featImg":"mindshift_59783","label":"mindshift_21847"},"mindshift_59729":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59729","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59729","score":null,"sort":[1660830444000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"as-a-new-year-starts-schools-prepare-for-fewer-masks-more-learning-and-joy","title":"As a new year starts, schools prepare for fewer masks, more learning and joy","publishDate":1660830444,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>More than 50 million children are slowly returning to classrooms for the new school year — the third year in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the first year was defined by widespread school closures, and the second by bitter fights over masking, what stories will define this year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For answers, we went to one of the earliest districts to open this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Hot butter\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson Public Schools serve more than twenty thousand students in Mississippi's capital city. In August, walking feels like swimming in hot butter. The grits, though, are incredible \u003cem>because\u003c/em> they're swimming in hot butter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At North Jackson Elementary, kindergarteners line up outside as teachers and staff crowd the curbs in bright orange tee-shirts, cheering families and handing out stickers to students to make clear how they'll be getting home: bus or car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59730\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59730\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/813dd623-747c-4cea-ab9d-a16f0ae8fcf91_wide-5ba18341d232c548e6084e5a907b656d54e7cec2-scaled-e1660916877521.jpg\" alt=\"Students wait in line to check in for the first day of school\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students wait in line to check in for the first day of school at North Jackson Elementary. As they walk in, they are greeted by their school mascot, the tiger. \u003ccite>(Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly all children arrive wearing cloth masks; Jackson was unusual last year in that it required them. This year, though, masks are optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Jackson district's superintendent, Errick Greene, hurries across the street in a forest-green and blue plaid jacket. Bald on top with a sharp, frosted beard, Dr. Greene, as he's known to students and staff, moves like a man on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His harried schedule for the week includes stops at 26 of the district's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Welcome to the national labor shortage\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Inside North Jackson Elementary, Greene pops in and out of classrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one first-grade room, he jokes with the children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Good morning! Is this second grade?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No!\" the students respond, giggling. Greene is a serious man with serious things on his mind, and the kids clearly enjoy watching him play the fool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Third grade?\" he asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"First grade!\" the children answer, savoring the chance to correct their teacher's boss' boss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At her desk, 6-year-old M'Lyah colors, gripping a blue crayon between her newly painted orange and glittery-silver fingernails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look at that. You're better than me,\" Greene laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At all four of the day's stops, Greene not only meets with teachers and scholars (that's what he calls the students), but also custodians and cafeteria workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know this is a big job,\" he tells one custodian, who shyly responds, \"It's all in a day's work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is when the story in Jackson, and the challenges its educators and families face this year, starts to feel like the story of so many districts right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tight labor market has meant custodians, bus drivers and cafeteria workers can often find better wages elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Greene makes sure his staff feel valued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Listen, I know you got it,\" Greene tells the custodian, \"but I want you to know that \u003cem>we see you\u003c/em>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/12/image-from-ios-18-_custom-0ff52e6b5904b138b8d23bf44bcae8bc894d8076-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"Superintendent Dr. Errick Greene in front of school\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1651\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Superintendent Greene was appointed in 2018, shortly after a proposed state takeover, which the district eventually avoided. Today, Jackson is in the fourth year of a five-year turnaround plan. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'Not today, Satan'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson, like many big-city districts, \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/Programs/Edge/ACSDashboard/2802190\">struggles with poverty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One in three families here with a student in the public schools lives below the poverty line, and most students qualify for food assistance at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the district attempted to desegregate, around 1970, white families left in droves, for private schools or the suburbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Confederate General Robert E. Lee's face still adorns the school district's central office building, even as 95% of Jackson students are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's aging water system is a slow-motion disaster and already complicating Greene's urgent plans. Many school water fountains are taped off, the water regularly under a boil warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first week of classes, every school is given bottled water, and several schools barely have enough water pressure to flush their toilets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson's school buildings also need constant repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had to do something,\" says science teacher Tanya Fortenberry who, when her classroom air conditioner broke, built her own out of styrofoam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put, like, 10 to 12 bottles of water in the freezer, put 'em in there. This little fan here blows the air out,\" she says. \"Right now it's not working 'cause the ice has melted, but in the morning it's pretty cool!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/img_7953-2_custom-b9fe3de4d89210a38799c27464582c00ca59319d-scaled-e1660917139946.jpg\" alt=\"Students in class\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As in many big-city school districts, most Jackson students spent the entire 2020-'21 school year learning online — or trying to. When students returned to buildings in fall of '21, test scores showed proficiency levels had plummeted. Recent data, though, suggest an academic rebound in Jackson. \u003ccite>(Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortenberry wears a lanyard with a pin that captures the mood of so many educators and families in Jackson right now. It says, \"Not Today Satan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're gonna get it done,\" Fortenberry explains. \"Throw all your wrenches at us if you want to, you know? No air conditioner? That's alright, we're gonna work through it, you know? Not today Satan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is, Jackson is getting help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bond measure allowed the district to renovate all of its high school libraries in the past two years, adding comfortable, welcoming furniture and coffee stations for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress also sent the district more than $200 million dollars in pandemic aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendent Greene says he'll spend nearly a third of that on building upgrades, including new H-VAC in six of his seven high schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, a sizeable chunk. [I'm] thankful that we've got it. Unfortunate that we've got to spend it on [facilities].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene would rather spend those federal dollars on learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The pandemic's academic fallout\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As in many big-city school districts, most Jackson students spent the entire 2020-'21 school year learning online — or trying to. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/22/1105970186/pandemic-learning-loss-findings\">When students returned to buildings in fall of '21, test scores showed proficiency levels had plummeted.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, before the pandemic, roughly 27% of Jackson students were at or above grade level in English Language Arts. After a year of online learning, that dropped to just 18%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LaTosha Bew-Cancer saw the backsliding firsthand as a second-grade teacher last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>I had children in second grade [reading] on a kindergarten level, and it was difficult,\" says Bew-Cancer. \"Although they may not have made it to be second-grade probable readers, they did grow. And that was the goal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story in math was even worse. In 2019, nearly 24% of Jackson students were at or above grade level. After a year of online learning, just 9% were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So last year, Greene and his team did what many schools across the U.S. were doing: Everything they could. Most importantly, they carved dedicated blocks of time into students' daily schedules for academic intervention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students who needed help catching up in math or reading got it, either from classroom teachers or dedicated interventionists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preliminary data from last spring suggest the push made a big difference: Proficiency levels are nearly back to where they were before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, those levels are still low, and Superintendent Greene knows he needs to keep pushing if the district is to make its\u003ca href=\"https://www.jackson.k12.ms.us/cms/lib/MS01910533/Centricity/Domain/4497/ExcellenceForAll%20Update%2006-21-22.pdf\"> turnaround goals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/17/d10d74b4-4e75-47af-963f-b9ef6b425b72_custom-3f1f32f154c877e790e26e92f0b15b86176ae7a0-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"School counselor Tiffany Johnson\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1694\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elementary school counselor Tiffany Johnson set up a grief group for students last year. The district also has a relatively new social-emotional learning program, with teachers starting every day checking in with kids and working with them to name and manage their fears and frustrations. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'We're hopeful'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Greene arrived in Jackson five years ago, after helping manage the schools in Tulsa. He agreed to lead the city's troubled district out of academic and administrative crisis, after Mississippi leaders threatened a state takeover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Jackson is in the fourth year of a five-year turnaround plan; Greene's success or failure to meet the plan's lofty goals will be his legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, no one imagined a pandemic when those goals were set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got a ways to go. But we're hopeful we'll continue to make some pretty big leaps,\" Greene says from a conference room in the district's central office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making those leaps will mean asking even more of Jackson's teachers. And some are still exhausted from the past few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm constantly encouraging [teachers], 'Please don't leave. I'm begging you not to leave,' \" says Akemi Stout, president of the Jackson chapter of the American Federation of Teachers. \"The extra hours. Oh, my gosh. I've had so many phone calls about that just since [the school year started].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's governor recently signed a big teacher pay raise, which should help the district hold onto some of the teachers it loses every year to better wages in neighboring states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bew-Cancer, who's teaching third grade this year, says she's ready for the challenges of this new year — and hopeful, like Greene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a writing exercise today, and it was difficult to look at. We have work to do, but I'm optimistic,\" Bew-Cancer says, because the students \u003cem>tried\u003c/em>. \"I'm ready for this year. I'm excited.\u003cem>\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'COVID is still here'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the biggest question facing the educators and families of Jackson, and the rest of the country this school year, is emotional: How are they feeling about returning to school with COVID refusing to go away?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/17/img_8091-3_custom-7e00a4b3457b83e43ec91dbc25ce00ae527abfa9-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"Classroom decorated with stuffed animals\" width=\"1100\" height=\"732\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jackson school district, like many districts around the country, is trying to make its schools more welcoming places for kids. Counselor Tiffany Johnson, seen above, fills her office with bright colors, stuffed animals and comforting distractions like Jenga blocks. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I'm a good mom, but I'm not a good teacher,\" laughs Colandra Moore after walking her 10-year-old son to class. Translation: She's thrilled that school has started and that there seems little chance of the district going remote again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson Public Schools was unusual in that it required masks all of last year and still allowed some students to work remotely. This year, it's doing neither.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latrenda Owens says she lost a cousin to COVID and that her son, a ninth-grader, is still going to wear his mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because COVID is still here. I mean, I know some have they feelings about it, but my thing is, vaccinated or not, it's still here. So why not still have them wear masks. Why not still have them protect themselves.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson's schools are also focusing on other ways to protect students — not just from COVID but from the emotional toll it's taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'I felt like she was an angel on earth'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The district has a relatively new social-emotional learning program, with teachers starting every day checking in with kids and working with them to name and manage their fears and frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And staff are paying special attention to students who've lost a loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe my younger kids would draw pictures about that loved one and tell me some special things about them,\" says elementary school counselor Tiffany Johnson, who set up a grief group for students last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One little girl, who lost her mother to COVID, liked to visit Johnson's office and play with a tower of brightly-painted Jenga blocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told her, that's kinda like your emotions sometimes: Everything could be perfect and the Jenga looks perfect now, but once we start to pull and move things, then, you know, something happens. Everything's gonna fall. But guess what, we can build it back up again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen-year-old Makalin Odie and her 17-year-old sister, Alana, lost their mother to COVID early in the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me, can't nobody compare to my mom. Can't nobody come close to her,\" Makalin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would sneak in her bed at night, lay up under her,\" Alana remembers. \"I was just very, very attached to her. She'll do anything for the people that she love. Even the people that she don't know, she'll do anything for them. I felt like she was an angel on earth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Makalin says she got help last year with her grief from a counselor at school, and this year, she says, she feels ready to put herself out there in a way she didn't feel comfortable last year, trying out for track and maybe even soccer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, sometimes I'd just get a burst of anger, and I'd have to let it out. Or I'd just cry,\" Makalin says. \"Or sometimes I just don't even wanna get up, I just wanna sleep all day. But then I have to get up and go. I just gotta. I gotta do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one thinks this new school year will be easy, but resilience, like Makalin's, abounds in Jackson, along with a hopefulness for what the year could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+a+new+year+starts%2C+schools+prepare+for+fewer+masks%2C+more+learning+and+joy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Schools are opening up around the country, and the third year in the shadow of a pandemic brings new challenges but also new hope.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1660917418,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":76,"wordCount":2194},"headData":{"title":"As a new year starts, schools prepare for fewer masks, more learning and joy - MindShift","description":"Schools are opening up around the country, and the third year in the shadow of a pandemic brings new challenges but also new hope.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"59729 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59729","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/08/18/as-a-new-year-starts-schools-prepare-for-fewer-masks-more-learning-and-joy/","disqusTitle":"As a new year starts, schools prepare for fewer masks, more learning and joy","nprImageCredit":"Jeffrey Pierre","nprByline":"Cory Turner and Jeffrey Pierre","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"1117171716","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1117171716&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/18/1117171716/as-a-new-year-starts-schools-prepare-for-fewer-masks-more-learning-and-joy?ft=nprml&f=1117171716","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 18 Aug 2022 08:57:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 18 Aug 2022 05:06:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 18 Aug 2022 08:57:42 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2022/08/20220817_me_turner_-_back_to_school_in_jackson_ms.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=467&story=1117171716&ft=nprml&f=1117171716","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11118123079-3b926f.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=467&story=1117171716&ft=nprml&f=1117171716","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59729/as-a-new-year-starts-schools-prepare-for-fewer-masks-more-learning-and-joy","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2022/08/20220817_me_turner_-_back_to_school_in_jackson_ms.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=467&story=1117171716&ft=nprml&f=1117171716","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than 50 million children are slowly returning to classrooms for the new school year — the third year in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the first year was defined by widespread school closures, and the second by bitter fights over masking, what stories will define this year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For answers, we went to one of the earliest districts to open this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Hot butter\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson Public Schools serve more than twenty thousand students in Mississippi's capital city. In August, walking feels like swimming in hot butter. The grits, though, are incredible \u003cem>because\u003c/em> they're swimming in hot butter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At North Jackson Elementary, kindergarteners line up outside as teachers and staff crowd the curbs in bright orange tee-shirts, cheering families and handing out stickers to students to make clear how they'll be getting home: bus or car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59730\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59730\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/813dd623-747c-4cea-ab9d-a16f0ae8fcf91_wide-5ba18341d232c548e6084e5a907b656d54e7cec2-scaled-e1660916877521.jpg\" alt=\"Students wait in line to check in for the first day of school\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students wait in line to check in for the first day of school at North Jackson Elementary. As they walk in, they are greeted by their school mascot, the tiger. \u003ccite>(Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly all children arrive wearing cloth masks; Jackson was unusual last year in that it required them. This year, though, masks are optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Jackson district's superintendent, Errick Greene, hurries across the street in a forest-green and blue plaid jacket. Bald on top with a sharp, frosted beard, Dr. Greene, as he's known to students and staff, moves like a man on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His harried schedule for the week includes stops at 26 of the district's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Welcome to the national labor shortage\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Inside North Jackson Elementary, Greene pops in and out of classrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one first-grade room, he jokes with the children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Good morning! Is this second grade?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No!\" the students respond, giggling. Greene is a serious man with serious things on his mind, and the kids clearly enjoy watching him play the fool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Third grade?\" he asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"First grade!\" the children answer, savoring the chance to correct their teacher's boss' boss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At her desk, 6-year-old M'Lyah colors, gripping a blue crayon between her newly painted orange and glittery-silver fingernails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look at that. You're better than me,\" Greene laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At all four of the day's stops, Greene not only meets with teachers and scholars (that's what he calls the students), but also custodians and cafeteria workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know this is a big job,\" he tells one custodian, who shyly responds, \"It's all in a day's work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is when the story in Jackson, and the challenges its educators and families face this year, starts to feel like the story of so many districts right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tight labor market has meant custodians, bus drivers and cafeteria workers can often find better wages elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Greene makes sure his staff feel valued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Listen, I know you got it,\" Greene tells the custodian, \"but I want you to know that \u003cem>we see you\u003c/em>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/12/image-from-ios-18-_custom-0ff52e6b5904b138b8d23bf44bcae8bc894d8076-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"Superintendent Dr. Errick Greene in front of school\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1651\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Superintendent Greene was appointed in 2018, shortly after a proposed state takeover, which the district eventually avoided. Today, Jackson is in the fourth year of a five-year turnaround plan. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'Not today, Satan'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson, like many big-city districts, \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/Programs/Edge/ACSDashboard/2802190\">struggles with poverty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One in three families here with a student in the public schools lives below the poverty line, and most students qualify for food assistance at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the district attempted to desegregate, around 1970, white families left in droves, for private schools or the suburbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Confederate General Robert E. Lee's face still adorns the school district's central office building, even as 95% of Jackson students are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's aging water system is a slow-motion disaster and already complicating Greene's urgent plans. Many school water fountains are taped off, the water regularly under a boil warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first week of classes, every school is given bottled water, and several schools barely have enough water pressure to flush their toilets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson's school buildings also need constant repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had to do something,\" says science teacher Tanya Fortenberry who, when her classroom air conditioner broke, built her own out of styrofoam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put, like, 10 to 12 bottles of water in the freezer, put 'em in there. This little fan here blows the air out,\" she says. \"Right now it's not working 'cause the ice has melted, but in the morning it's pretty cool!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/img_7953-2_custom-b9fe3de4d89210a38799c27464582c00ca59319d-scaled-e1660917139946.jpg\" alt=\"Students in class\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As in many big-city school districts, most Jackson students spent the entire 2020-'21 school year learning online — or trying to. When students returned to buildings in fall of '21, test scores showed proficiency levels had plummeted. Recent data, though, suggest an academic rebound in Jackson. \u003ccite>(Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortenberry wears a lanyard with a pin that captures the mood of so many educators and families in Jackson right now. It says, \"Not Today Satan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're gonna get it done,\" Fortenberry explains. \"Throw all your wrenches at us if you want to, you know? No air conditioner? That's alright, we're gonna work through it, you know? Not today Satan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is, Jackson is getting help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bond measure allowed the district to renovate all of its high school libraries in the past two years, adding comfortable, welcoming furniture and coffee stations for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress also sent the district more than $200 million dollars in pandemic aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendent Greene says he'll spend nearly a third of that on building upgrades, including new H-VAC in six of his seven high schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, a sizeable chunk. [I'm] thankful that we've got it. Unfortunate that we've got to spend it on [facilities].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene would rather spend those federal dollars on learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The pandemic's academic fallout\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As in many big-city school districts, most Jackson students spent the entire 2020-'21 school year learning online — or trying to. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/22/1105970186/pandemic-learning-loss-findings\">When students returned to buildings in fall of '21, test scores showed proficiency levels had plummeted.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, before the pandemic, roughly 27% of Jackson students were at or above grade level in English Language Arts. After a year of online learning, that dropped to just 18%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LaTosha Bew-Cancer saw the backsliding firsthand as a second-grade teacher last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>I had children in second grade [reading] on a kindergarten level, and it was difficult,\" says Bew-Cancer. \"Although they may not have made it to be second-grade probable readers, they did grow. And that was the goal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story in math was even worse. In 2019, nearly 24% of Jackson students were at or above grade level. After a year of online learning, just 9% were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So last year, Greene and his team did what many schools across the U.S. were doing: Everything they could. Most importantly, they carved dedicated blocks of time into students' daily schedules for academic intervention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students who needed help catching up in math or reading got it, either from classroom teachers or dedicated interventionists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preliminary data from last spring suggest the push made a big difference: Proficiency levels are nearly back to where they were before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, those levels are still low, and Superintendent Greene knows he needs to keep pushing if the district is to make its\u003ca href=\"https://www.jackson.k12.ms.us/cms/lib/MS01910533/Centricity/Domain/4497/ExcellenceForAll%20Update%2006-21-22.pdf\"> turnaround goals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/17/d10d74b4-4e75-47af-963f-b9ef6b425b72_custom-3f1f32f154c877e790e26e92f0b15b86176ae7a0-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"School counselor Tiffany Johnson\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1694\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elementary school counselor Tiffany Johnson set up a grief group for students last year. The district also has a relatively new social-emotional learning program, with teachers starting every day checking in with kids and working with them to name and manage their fears and frustrations. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'We're hopeful'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Greene arrived in Jackson five years ago, after helping manage the schools in Tulsa. He agreed to lead the city's troubled district out of academic and administrative crisis, after Mississippi leaders threatened a state takeover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Jackson is in the fourth year of a five-year turnaround plan; Greene's success or failure to meet the plan's lofty goals will be his legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, no one imagined a pandemic when those goals were set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got a ways to go. But we're hopeful we'll continue to make some pretty big leaps,\" Greene says from a conference room in the district's central office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making those leaps will mean asking even more of Jackson's teachers. And some are still exhausted from the past few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm constantly encouraging [teachers], 'Please don't leave. I'm begging you not to leave,' \" says Akemi Stout, president of the Jackson chapter of the American Federation of Teachers. \"The extra hours. Oh, my gosh. I've had so many phone calls about that just since [the school year started].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's governor recently signed a big teacher pay raise, which should help the district hold onto some of the teachers it loses every year to better wages in neighboring states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bew-Cancer, who's teaching third grade this year, says she's ready for the challenges of this new year — and hopeful, like Greene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a writing exercise today, and it was difficult to look at. We have work to do, but I'm optimistic,\" Bew-Cancer says, because the students \u003cem>tried\u003c/em>. \"I'm ready for this year. I'm excited.\u003cem>\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'COVID is still here'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the biggest question facing the educators and families of Jackson, and the rest of the country this school year, is emotional: How are they feeling about returning to school with COVID refusing to go away?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/08/17/img_8091-3_custom-7e00a4b3457b83e43ec91dbc25ce00ae527abfa9-s1100-c50.jpg\" alt=\"Classroom decorated with stuffed animals\" width=\"1100\" height=\"732\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jackson school district, like many districts around the country, is trying to make its schools more welcoming places for kids. Counselor Tiffany Johnson, seen above, fills her office with bright colors, stuffed animals and comforting distractions like Jenga blocks. (Jeffrey Pierre/NPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I'm a good mom, but I'm not a good teacher,\" laughs Colandra Moore after walking her 10-year-old son to class. Translation: She's thrilled that school has started and that there seems little chance of the district going remote again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson Public Schools was unusual in that it required masks all of last year and still allowed some students to work remotely. This year, it's doing neither.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latrenda Owens says she lost a cousin to COVID and that her son, a ninth-grader, is still going to wear his mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because COVID is still here. I mean, I know some have they feelings about it, but my thing is, vaccinated or not, it's still here. So why not still have them wear masks. Why not still have them protect themselves.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson's schools are also focusing on other ways to protect students — not just from COVID but from the emotional toll it's taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'I felt like she was an angel on earth'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The district has a relatively new social-emotional learning program, with teachers starting every day checking in with kids and working with them to name and manage their fears and frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And staff are paying special attention to students who've lost a loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe my younger kids would draw pictures about that loved one and tell me some special things about them,\" says elementary school counselor Tiffany Johnson, who set up a grief group for students last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One little girl, who lost her mother to COVID, liked to visit Johnson's office and play with a tower of brightly-painted Jenga blocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told her, that's kinda like your emotions sometimes: Everything could be perfect and the Jenga looks perfect now, but once we start to pull and move things, then, you know, something happens. Everything's gonna fall. But guess what, we can build it back up again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen-year-old Makalin Odie and her 17-year-old sister, Alana, lost their mother to COVID early in the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me, can't nobody compare to my mom. Can't nobody come close to her,\" Makalin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would sneak in her bed at night, lay up under her,\" Alana remembers. \"I was just very, very attached to her. She'll do anything for the people that she love. Even the people that she don't know, she'll do anything for them. I felt like she was an angel on earth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Makalin says she got help last year with her grief from a counselor at school, and this year, she says, she feels ready to put herself out there in a way she didn't feel comfortable last year, trying out for track and maybe even soccer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, sometimes I'd just get a burst of anger, and I'd have to let it out. Or I'd just cry,\" Makalin says. \"Or sometimes I just don't even wanna get up, I just wanna sleep all day. But then I have to get up and go. I just gotta. I gotta do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one thinks this new school year will be easy, but resilience, like Makalin's, abounds in Jackson, along with a hopefulness for what the year could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+a+new+year+starts%2C+schools+prepare+for+fewer+masks%2C+more+learning+and+joy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59729/as-a-new-year-starts-schools-prepare-for-fewer-masks-more-learning-and-joy","authors":["byline_mindshift_59729"],"categories":["mindshift_20729"],"tags":["mindshift_21343","mindshift_21419","mindshift_20865","mindshift_21038"],"featImg":"mindshift_59738","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59723":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59723","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59723","score":null,"sort":[1660743265000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-the-first-time-in-20-years-teachers-can-deduct-more-for-school-supplies","title":"For the first time in 20 years, teachers can deduct more for school supplies","publishDate":1660743265,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>For the first time in 20 years, the Internal Revenue Service is increasing the deduction limit for the amount of money teachers spend on school supplies, the agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/new-school-year-reminder-to-educators-maximum-educator-expense-deduction-rises-to-300-in-2022\">announced\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers will now be able to deduct up to $300 of out-of-pocket classroom expenses in 2022, up from the $250 that has been set since the incentive first started in 2002.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The limit will rise in $50 increments in future years based on inflation adjustments,\" the IRS said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eligible educators include K-12 teachers, principals, teachers' aides or counselors who spend more than 900 hours at the school during the academic year. Public and private school educators can benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eligible educators who are married to another eligible educator and file a joint tax return can deduct up to $600 in qualifying expenses, but still no more than $300 per spouse. Educators who do standard deductions also qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limit is still $250 for those who are filing their 2021 taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+the+first+time+in+20+years%2C+teachers+can+deduct+more+for+school+supplies+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Eligible educators include K-12 teachers, principals, teachers' aides or counselors who spend more than 900 hours at the school during the academic year.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1660916145,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":175},"headData":{"title":"For the first time in 20 years, teachers can deduct more for school supplies - MindShift","description":"Eligible educators include K-12 teachers, principals, teachers' aides or counselors who spend more than 900 hours at the school during the academic year.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"59723 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59723","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/08/17/for-the-first-time-in-20-years-teachers-can-deduct-more-for-school-supplies/","disqusTitle":"For the first time in 20 years, teachers can deduct more for school supplies","nprImageCredit":"Timothy D. Easley","nprByline":"Ayana Archie","nprImageAgency":"AP","nprStoryId":"1117832975","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1117832975&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/17/1117832975/teachers-school-supplies-irs?ft=nprml&f=1117832975","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 17 Aug 2022 09:35:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 17 Aug 2022 04:00:02 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 17 Aug 2022 09:35:24 -0400","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59723/for-the-first-time-in-20-years-teachers-can-deduct-more-for-school-supplies","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the first time in 20 years, the Internal Revenue Service is increasing the deduction limit for the amount of money teachers spend on school supplies, the agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/new-school-year-reminder-to-educators-maximum-educator-expense-deduction-rises-to-300-in-2022\">announced\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers will now be able to deduct up to $300 of out-of-pocket classroom expenses in 2022, up from the $250 that has been set since the incentive first started in 2002.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The limit will rise in $50 increments in future years based on inflation adjustments,\" the IRS said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eligible educators include K-12 teachers, principals, teachers' aides or counselors who spend more than 900 hours at the school during the academic year. Public and private school educators can benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eligible educators who are married to another eligible educator and file a joint tax return can deduct up to $600 in qualifying expenses, but still no more than $300 per spouse. Educators who do standard deductions also qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limit is still $250 for those who are filing their 2021 taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+the+first+time+in+20+years%2C+teachers+can+deduct+more+for+school+supplies+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59723/for-the-first-time-in-20-years-teachers-can-deduct-more-for-school-supplies","authors":["byline_mindshift_59723"],"categories":["mindshift_20729"],"featImg":"mindshift_59725","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59662":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59662","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59662","score":null,"sort":[1659975589000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages","title":"Researchers find growth in number of jobs – not exodus – paints view of teacher shortages","publishDate":1659975589,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>The stories are scary. The teaching profession, according to CNN in early 2022, was “in crisis.” The Wall Street Journal reported in February 2022 that burned out teachers were exiting for jobs in the private sector. House lawmakers in Washington devoted an entire hearing to “Tackling Teacher Shortages” in May 2022. And on Aug. 3, 2022, the Washington Post printed this headline: “‘Never seen it this bad’: America faces catastrophic teacher shortage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But education researchers who study the teaching profession say the threat is exaggerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Attrition is definitely up, but it’s not a mass exodus of teachers,” said Dan Goldhaber, a labor economist at the American Institutes for Research (AIR), a nonprofit research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldhaber says that the number of teachers leaving the field is in line with historical patterns. The rate of teachers quitting and retiring from the profession, according to Goldhaber’s calculations in one state, Washington, was about 11 percent in 2020-21 – actually a smidge lower than it was in 2006-07, another year of high turnover when a strong job market lured educators away. Most departures were filled with new hires. Goldhaber estimates that in a school with 1,000 students, there was half an unfilled vacancy, on average, in the fall of 2021 – the most recent data he has analyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the U.S. Department of Education released a national survey of more than 800 schools on Aug. 4, 2022 and found that each school, on average, had about three unfilled teaching openings in June 2022. That’s a time of active hiring and those positions could still be filled before the 2022-23 school year starts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Among researchers, I think we’ve reached a consensus that there hasn’t been an exodus of teachers during the pandemic,” said Heather Schwartz, a researcher at RAND, a nonprofit research organization, which regularly surveys school districts around the country about their staffing. “I don’t see many district leaders saying we have a serious, severe shortage of teachers. I don’t see the crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we going to have such extreme shortages, that we can’t even keep the doors open for schools?” said Schwartz. “No, that’s not where policymakers need to spend their energy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, as counterintuitive as it might seem, Schwartz found that 77 percent of schools went on a hiring spree in 2021-22 as $190 billion in federal pandemic funds started flowing, according to a RAND survey released on July 19, 2022. “Yes there’s a shortage in the sense that they have unfilled open positions. But it’s sort of a misnomer to say the word ‘shortage’ because compared to pre-pandemic, there’s more people employed at the school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine that Google decided to expand its ranks of computer programmers. It might be hard to find so many software engineers and it would feel like a shortage to IT hiring managers everywhere. That’s what’s happening at schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand why teacher shortages became a dominant story line, it’s helpful to start the story before the pandemic when complaints about teacher shortages were common. But Goldhaber said there never were shortages everywhere or among all types of teachers. Shortages were concentrated in low-income schools and certain specialties. Wealthy suburban schools might have dozens of applicants for an elementary school teacher, while schools in poor urban neighborhoods and remote rural areas might struggle to find certified teachers in special education or in teaching students who are learning English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the different shortages varied. Many teachers go into special education but soon quit the classroom. Teaching students with disabilities is a hard job. Fewer aspiring teachers opt to specialize in math or science instruction. There’s less interest at the start. Low-income schools have problems at both ends. Fewer people want to teach at low-income schools and once there, departures are high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59664\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 977px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59664\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2.png\" alt=\"Graph showing percentage of vacancies by specialty over the years\" width=\"977\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2.png 977w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-800x350.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-160x70.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-768x336.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 977px) 100vw, 977px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Dan Goldhaber with data from National Center for Education Statistics Schools and Staffing Surveys and National Teacher and Principal Surveys\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the pandemic hit in March 2020, schools had their usual rate of teacher departures. But hiring shut down along with everything else. Principals found it virtually impossible to replace teachers who had left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine this big slowdown of hiring,” said RAND’s Schwartz. “And then you come into the next school year, and you have a shortage of staff — not because there’s tons of people who quit, but because you haven’t refreshed your roster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many teachers fell ill from COVID or took days off to take care of sick family members during the 2020-21 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we had this temporary shortage of teachers who are on campus or on the ground on a given day,” said Schwartz. “Districts didn’t have enough substitute teachers to fill those day- to-day shortages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two problems compounded and created extreme shortages. Students sat in classrooms without teachers. Schools closed as variants surged through their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The script suddenly flipped during the 2021-22 school year as the federal government sent pandemic recovery funds to schools. Schools not only resumed hiring to fill their vacancies, they increased their staffing levels to help kids catch up from the missed instruction. Many principals hired extra bodies to keep in reserve in anticipation of new coronavirus variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest areas of staff expansion were among substitute teachers, paraprofessionals or teachers’ aides, and tutors. Ninety percent of the schools surveyed by RAND have already increased their ranks of substitute teachers or are still trying to hire more. To lure substitutes, schools increased pay from an average of $115 a day to $122 a day, inflation adjusted, which Schwartz says is a larger increase than in the retail industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz doesn’t yet have data on the exact number of new hires, but she is confident that schools have increased head counts. More than 40 percent of school districts surveyed also said they have already or intend to increase the number of ordinary classroom teachers in elementary, middle and high schools compared with pre-pandemic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59665\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 977px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59665\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"977\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3.png 977w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-800x825.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-160x165.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-768x792.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 977px) 100vw, 977px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Districts Continue to Struggle with Staffing, Political Polarization, and Unfinished Instruction, Selected Findings from the Fifth American School District Panel Survey, RAND.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This expansion of hiring is confusing if you’re like, wait, there’s huge teacher shortages,” said Schwartz. “It’s an ironic problem. So many schools were having to scramble just to stay open and staff during severe shortages. Now we have this weird other problem of overstaffing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s understandable that so many of my media colleagues are writing about shortages. States have been reporting shortages to the federal government, and education advocates, such as Dan Domenech, executive director of the School Superintendents Association, have been sounding alarm bells. Part of the confusion is how shortages are counted. Goldhaber explained to me that there’s no standardized way of defining or documenting a shortage and if even one district among hundreds reported difficulty in hiring a particular type of teacher, some states will document that as a statewide shortage in that category. Louisiana, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.louisianabelieves.com/resources/library/workforce-attributes\">reports that it is experiencing shortages\u003c/a> among 80 percent of its teaching force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, RAND’s analysis is more refined. “We asked schools what shortages they expect for the 22-23 school year and they did not anticipate a huge shortage,” said Schwartz. Three-quarters of the districts said they expect a shortage, but most of them, 58 percent, said it would be a small shortage. Only 17 percent of districts anticipated a large shortage of teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz says her biggest worry isn’t current teacher shortages, but teacher surpluses when pandemic funds run out after 2024. School budgets will be further squeezed from falling U.S. birth rates because funding is tied to student enrollment. Schools are likely to lay off many educators in the years ahead. “It’s not easy for schools to shed staff and maintain quality of instruction for students,” said Schwartz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won’t be good for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-researchers-say-cries-of-teacher-shortages-are-overblown/\">\u003cem>teacher shortages\u003c/em>\u003c/a> \u003cem>was written by Jill Barshay and produced by The Hechinger Report, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=d3ee4c3e04\">\u003cem>Hechinger newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Schools are going on pandemic hiring sprees and overstaffing may be the new problem.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1659975589,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1448},"headData":{"title":"Researchers find growth in number of jobs – not exodus – paints view of teacher shortages - MindShift","description":"Schools are going on pandemic hiring sprees and overstaffing may be the new problem.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"59662 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59662","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/08/08/researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages/","disqusTitle":"Researchers find growth in number of jobs – not exodus – paints view of teacher shortages","nprByline":"Jill Barshay, \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59662/researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The stories are scary. The teaching profession, according to CNN in early 2022, was “in crisis.” The Wall Street Journal reported in February 2022 that burned out teachers were exiting for jobs in the private sector. House lawmakers in Washington devoted an entire hearing to “Tackling Teacher Shortages” in May 2022. And on Aug. 3, 2022, the Washington Post printed this headline: “‘Never seen it this bad’: America faces catastrophic teacher shortage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But education researchers who study the teaching profession say the threat is exaggerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Attrition is definitely up, but it’s not a mass exodus of teachers,” said Dan Goldhaber, a labor economist at the American Institutes for Research (AIR), a nonprofit research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldhaber says that the number of teachers leaving the field is in line with historical patterns. The rate of teachers quitting and retiring from the profession, according to Goldhaber’s calculations in one state, Washington, was about 11 percent in 2020-21 – actually a smidge lower than it was in 2006-07, another year of high turnover when a strong job market lured educators away. Most departures were filled with new hires. Goldhaber estimates that in a school with 1,000 students, there was half an unfilled vacancy, on average, in the fall of 2021 – the most recent data he has analyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the U.S. Department of Education released a national survey of more than 800 schools on Aug. 4, 2022 and found that each school, on average, had about three unfilled teaching openings in June 2022. That’s a time of active hiring and those positions could still be filled before the 2022-23 school year starts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Among researchers, I think we’ve reached a consensus that there hasn’t been an exodus of teachers during the pandemic,” said Heather Schwartz, a researcher at RAND, a nonprofit research organization, which regularly surveys school districts around the country about their staffing. “I don’t see many district leaders saying we have a serious, severe shortage of teachers. I don’t see the crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we going to have such extreme shortages, that we can’t even keep the doors open for schools?” said Schwartz. “No, that’s not where policymakers need to spend their energy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, as counterintuitive as it might seem, Schwartz found that 77 percent of schools went on a hiring spree in 2021-22 as $190 billion in federal pandemic funds started flowing, according to a RAND survey released on July 19, 2022. “Yes there’s a shortage in the sense that they have unfilled open positions. But it’s sort of a misnomer to say the word ‘shortage’ because compared to pre-pandemic, there’s more people employed at the school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine that Google decided to expand its ranks of computer programmers. It might be hard to find so many software engineers and it would feel like a shortage to IT hiring managers everywhere. That’s what’s happening at schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand why teacher shortages became a dominant story line, it’s helpful to start the story before the pandemic when complaints about teacher shortages were common. But Goldhaber said there never were shortages everywhere or among all types of teachers. Shortages were concentrated in low-income schools and certain specialties. Wealthy suburban schools might have dozens of applicants for an elementary school teacher, while schools in poor urban neighborhoods and remote rural areas might struggle to find certified teachers in special education or in teaching students who are learning English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the different shortages varied. Many teachers go into special education but soon quit the classroom. Teaching students with disabilities is a hard job. Fewer aspiring teachers opt to specialize in math or science instruction. There’s less interest at the start. Low-income schools have problems at both ends. Fewer people want to teach at low-income schools and once there, departures are high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59664\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 977px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59664\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2.png\" alt=\"Graph showing percentage of vacancies by specialty over the years\" width=\"977\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2.png 977w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-800x350.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-160x70.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-2-768x336.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 977px) 100vw, 977px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Dan Goldhaber with data from National Center for Education Statistics Schools and Staffing Surveys and National Teacher and Principal Surveys\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the pandemic hit in March 2020, schools had their usual rate of teacher departures. But hiring shut down along with everything else. Principals found it virtually impossible to replace teachers who had left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine this big slowdown of hiring,” said RAND’s Schwartz. “And then you come into the next school year, and you have a shortage of staff — not because there’s tons of people who quit, but because you haven’t refreshed your roster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many teachers fell ill from COVID or took days off to take care of sick family members during the 2020-21 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we had this temporary shortage of teachers who are on campus or on the ground on a given day,” said Schwartz. “Districts didn’t have enough substitute teachers to fill those day- to-day shortages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two problems compounded and created extreme shortages. Students sat in classrooms without teachers. Schools closed as variants surged through their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The script suddenly flipped during the 2021-22 school year as the federal government sent pandemic recovery funds to schools. Schools not only resumed hiring to fill their vacancies, they increased their staffing levels to help kids catch up from the missed instruction. Many principals hired extra bodies to keep in reserve in anticipation of new coronavirus variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest areas of staff expansion were among substitute teachers, paraprofessionals or teachers’ aides, and tutors. Ninety percent of the schools surveyed by RAND have already increased their ranks of substitute teachers or are still trying to hire more. To lure substitutes, schools increased pay from an average of $115 a day to $122 a day, inflation adjusted, which Schwartz says is a larger increase than in the retail industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz doesn’t yet have data on the exact number of new hires, but she is confident that schools have increased head counts. More than 40 percent of school districts surveyed also said they have already or intend to increase the number of ordinary classroom teachers in elementary, middle and high schools compared with pre-pandemic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_59665\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 977px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-59665\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"977\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3.png 977w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-800x825.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-160x165.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/08/Barshay-Hechinger-3-768x792.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 977px) 100vw, 977px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Districts Continue to Struggle with Staffing, Political Polarization, and Unfinished Instruction, Selected Findings from the Fifth American School District Panel Survey, RAND.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This expansion of hiring is confusing if you’re like, wait, there’s huge teacher shortages,” said Schwartz. “It’s an ironic problem. So many schools were having to scramble just to stay open and staff during severe shortages. Now we have this weird other problem of overstaffing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s understandable that so many of my media colleagues are writing about shortages. States have been reporting shortages to the federal government, and education advocates, such as Dan Domenech, executive director of the School Superintendents Association, have been sounding alarm bells. Part of the confusion is how shortages are counted. Goldhaber explained to me that there’s no standardized way of defining or documenting a shortage and if even one district among hundreds reported difficulty in hiring a particular type of teacher, some states will document that as a statewide shortage in that category. Louisiana, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.louisianabelieves.com/resources/library/workforce-attributes\">reports that it is experiencing shortages\u003c/a> among 80 percent of its teaching force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, RAND’s analysis is more refined. “We asked schools what shortages they expect for the 22-23 school year and they did not anticipate a huge shortage,” said Schwartz. Three-quarters of the districts said they expect a shortage, but most of them, 58 percent, said it would be a small shortage. Only 17 percent of districts anticipated a large shortage of teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz says her biggest worry isn’t current teacher shortages, but teacher surpluses when pandemic funds run out after 2024. School budgets will be further squeezed from falling U.S. birth rates because funding is tied to student enrollment. Schools are likely to lay off many educators in the years ahead. “It’s not easy for schools to shed staff and maintain quality of instruction for students,” said Schwartz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won’t be good for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story about\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-researchers-say-cries-of-teacher-shortages-are-overblown/\">\u003cem>teacher shortages\u003c/em>\u003c/a> \u003cem>was written by Jill Barshay and produced by The Hechinger Report, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://hechingerreport.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=66c306eebb323868c3ce353c1&id=d3ee4c3e04\">\u003cem>Hechinger newsletter.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59662/researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages","authors":["byline_mindshift_59662"],"categories":["mindshift_20729"],"tags":["mindshift_21398"],"featImg":"mindshift_59663","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_58616":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_58616","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"58616","score":null,"sort":[1634630732000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-student-led-vision-statements-for-can-nurture-school-community","title":"How student-led vision statements can nurture school community","publishDate":1634630732,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For teachers, the first weeks of school can feel like a blur, between setting the tone of your classroom and trying to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52183/teachers-strategies-for-pronouncing-and-remembering-students-names-correctly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">remember a whole set of new names\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. And when it comes to setting expectations and rules, teachers are usually the ones who determine those before students set foot in the door. While such rules are hard to enforce during the best of times, they’re proving to be especially difficult this year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caregivers and educators alike are seeing social regression in children who have missed out on formative time with their peers – not to mention disruptions created by the pandemic – which has given way to an increase in tantrums and outbursts, including the TikTok trend of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/18/health/devious-licks-tiktok-challenge-wellness/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">vandalizing school property\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In recent years, fifth grade teacher Jess Lifshitz has used the co-creation of vision statements with her students to set expectations and get ahead of behavior, while creating the kind of school community they want. This has meant letting go of some of her power by including students in the process of setting expectations.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The statement itself is a statement of the type of classroom that we want to work towards every day,” says Lifshitz, who teaches at Meadowbrook Elementary School in Illinois. “We might not all contribute to that vision in the same way, but we're heading in the same direction.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-creating a class vision with her students also gave Lifshitz the opportunity to build relationships and get to know her learners in a way that’s easy to overlook at the start of the school year. ”So much of what we do is giving the kids procedures that they'll follow and dealing with supplies,” she says. “We spend a lot of those first days talking at kids, unless we very deliberately carve out time and space to invite them into the conversation.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Critical Thinking About Rules\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz started the process by discussing the ways behavior impacts one’s community. By focusing on the community, the onus is on the classroom as a collective, instead of individual compliance with the teacher’s demands. “One is really asking a child to fall in line, to follow my rules [and] to give up who you are because I said this is the way you should be, versus ‘I need you to make a shift or your community needs you to make a shift so we can all figure out how to coexist together so we can be successful.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There is a fear that given the agency to set classroom guidelines, students won’t take them seriously, like demanding everyday to be ice cream day or asking to install a classroom water slide. However, according to Lifshitz, students come up with thoughtful ways to coexist in the classroom alongside their classmates with the right scaffolding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It took a while for her class vision activity to evolve into what it is today. When she first started doing the activity, she didn’t do a lot leading up to it. “On the first day, I just asked the kids what did they want from their classmates and what did they want from their teacher?” says Lifshitz. She was surprised to see that her students' voices still seemed missing from the final product. “I often still ended up with that same list of rules that I would have written on my own,” she says. “It wasn't doing what I needed it to do, what I wanted it to do or what kids deserved for it to do.” Her attempt at encouraging student agency felt “hokey,” like she was just going through the motions of collaboration without actually getting to the core of what they needed from her or what they needed from each other.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To make more room for authentic collaboration, Lifshitz began to start the school year with a conversation about rules. She wanted learners to think critically about how rules work in the world outside of their school, where rules come from and why we might choose to follow them or not follow them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She gives students prompts to think through as a class while she takes notes of the questions and comments that come up during the discussion. First, students are asked to define a rule. Next, she’ll ask students if they should follow rules. Then, she’ll ask why students need to follow rules. She says at this point, most students feel as if they can predict where the line of questioning is going, which is why some collaborative rule setting activities, like the ones she initially tried out, didn’t work. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When they deliberate on the next question, she says there’s a shift in the room: Are there other rules that treat people unfairly? In response, students bring up the Civil Rights Movement and specific moments in history where rules were used to treat groups of people \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">unfairly\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Together they talk through the distinction between injustice from unequal access and things that just seem unfair like an older sibling having a later bedtime. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes she’ll read “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/556226/the-wedding-portrait-by-innosanto-nagara/\">The Wedding Portrait\u003c/a>'' by Innosanto Nagara\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.michelleknudsen.com/library_lion_77788.htm\">The Library Lion\u003c/a>” by Michelle Knudsen\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> with her class to provide more examples of when and why one should break rules. The class eventually arrives at a collective decision that rules are not the best way to express what kind of classroom they are hoping to build together.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“From there, we then shift to this idea that maybe what we need is a vision that allows us all to thrive. That shifts us to this conversation around creating a class vision statement.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Core Questions For Visioning\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz and her students use four core questions to help them think about how their class environment enables everyone to be their full self and learn in the best way possible. The core questions are:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from this physical space?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from yourself?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from the people learning around you?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from the people teaching you? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58648\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-58648\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lifshitz uses four core questions as the basis for their class vision statement. ( Courtesy of Jess Lifshitz)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I didn’t want to use words like ‘classmates’ and ‘teachers,’” says Lifshiftz. “I really wanted to reinforce that idea that depending on what moment it is we are all learners and we are all teachers in different ways.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz uses a multimodal approach to invite kids to think through the questions and make sure she has engagement from all of her students. She starts with Jamboard so kids can individually consider and record their answers to each question. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I have found that when we do these activities and solely rely on verbal conversation, that tends to privilege certain students.” she says, referring to students that are more extroverted. “I wanted to make sure that there was space for my more quiet students, more introverted students, [and] students who maybe verbal processing isn’t a strength of theirs.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For students who benefit from thinking things over with peers, Lifshitz also makes room for them to work together in small groups to discuss each question. She’ll circle the classroom while taking notes and then engage the whole class in a discussion. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Using a big piece of chart paper divided into four sections and labeled with the four core questions, she writes down their themes and ideas, leaving space for students to verbally add anything they didn’t surface in their groups.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58647\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-58647\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lifshitz writes down themes and ideas for their class vision. (Courtesy of Jess Lifshitz)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each section forms the basis of the class vision statement, which Lifshitz types up and shares with students to review. “I show them our draft of the vision statement and allow them to leave notes on paper copies of what they think we're missing.” When students are done with their revisions, she uploads the finalized vision to Google classroom so her entire class has access to it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Addressing Challenges \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a time where many students are transitioning back to learning in school buildings, having authentic input from her students to co-create a class vision has helped Lifshitz understand students’ needs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's really important to me that I adjust my teaching in those first few days to meet my kids where they are,” she says. “Making sure this process is collaborative and hearing from my kids what they need in this moment really allows me to do that in a way that I couldn’t if it wasn't collaborative.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, this year, Lifshitz’s learners talked about needing a calm environment more than they had in past years. Kids also expressed desires regarding the classroom that she couldn’t meet such as wanting more flexibility in the physical space.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“A lot of that had to be taken away last year as social distancing became so very important in keeping our kids healthy and alive and well” says Lifshitz. “They missed having the flexibility of working in a spot that felt comfortable to them or moving around the room when they needed to.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-creating a classroom vision has also given her students the opportunity to grow in a way that a strict set of rules might not have. She says students in one of her classes used to push and shove each other as they raced into the room to pick out the seats they wanted. Lifshitz was worried they were going to hurt each other and was also concerned that certain kids were feeling left out if other students did not want to sit next to them. Her first thought was to take away the ability for students to choose their own seats. Instead, she took time with her class to revisit their vision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The issue [was that] our actions weren’t making everyone feel included,” says Lifshitz. As they looked through their class vision, they assessed whether they were living into their expectations. They were able to have conversations about their intention and impact: even though students were just wanting to sit next to their friends, the impact was that other students were feeling excluded. When they recognized that they were straying from their class vision, several students noticeably changed their behavior. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It doesn't work that way every time. There are still times where I can see that kids are being harmed and I need to step in in a more structured way. But at that moment, the kids showed me, ‘Look, we've got this. We can do this.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Instead of enforcing a predetermined set of class rules, educators may find more success in collaborating with students to come up with the classroom expectations that enable them to thrive.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1634684454,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1850},"headData":{"title":"How student-led vision statements can nurture school community - MindShift","description":"Instead of enforcing a predetermined set of class rules, educators may find more success in collaborating with students to come up with the classroom expectations that enable them to thrive.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"58616 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=58616","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2021/10/19/how-student-led-vision-statements-for-can-nurture-school-community/","disqusTitle":"How student-led vision statements can nurture school community","path":"/mindshift/58616/how-student-led-vision-statements-for-can-nurture-school-community","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For teachers, the first weeks of school can feel like a blur, between setting the tone of your classroom and trying to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52183/teachers-strategies-for-pronouncing-and-remembering-students-names-correctly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">remember a whole set of new names\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. And when it comes to setting expectations and rules, teachers are usually the ones who determine those before students set foot in the door. While such rules are hard to enforce during the best of times, they’re proving to be especially difficult this year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caregivers and educators alike are seeing social regression in children who have missed out on formative time with their peers – not to mention disruptions created by the pandemic – which has given way to an increase in tantrums and outbursts, including the TikTok trend of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/18/health/devious-licks-tiktok-challenge-wellness/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">vandalizing school property\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In recent years, fifth grade teacher Jess Lifshitz has used the co-creation of vision statements with her students to set expectations and get ahead of behavior, while creating the kind of school community they want. This has meant letting go of some of her power by including students in the process of setting expectations.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The statement itself is a statement of the type of classroom that we want to work towards every day,” says Lifshitz, who teaches at Meadowbrook Elementary School in Illinois. “We might not all contribute to that vision in the same way, but we're heading in the same direction.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-creating a class vision with her students also gave Lifshitz the opportunity to build relationships and get to know her learners in a way that’s easy to overlook at the start of the school year. ”So much of what we do is giving the kids procedures that they'll follow and dealing with supplies,” she says. “We spend a lot of those first days talking at kids, unless we very deliberately carve out time and space to invite them into the conversation.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Critical Thinking About Rules\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz started the process by discussing the ways behavior impacts one’s community. By focusing on the community, the onus is on the classroom as a collective, instead of individual compliance with the teacher’s demands. “One is really asking a child to fall in line, to follow my rules [and] to give up who you are because I said this is the way you should be, versus ‘I need you to make a shift or your community needs you to make a shift so we can all figure out how to coexist together so we can be successful.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There is a fear that given the agency to set classroom guidelines, students won’t take them seriously, like demanding everyday to be ice cream day or asking to install a classroom water slide. However, according to Lifshitz, students come up with thoughtful ways to coexist in the classroom alongside their classmates with the right scaffolding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It took a while for her class vision activity to evolve into what it is today. When she first started doing the activity, she didn’t do a lot leading up to it. “On the first day, I just asked the kids what did they want from their classmates and what did they want from their teacher?” says Lifshitz. She was surprised to see that her students' voices still seemed missing from the final product. “I often still ended up with that same list of rules that I would have written on my own,” she says. “It wasn't doing what I needed it to do, what I wanted it to do or what kids deserved for it to do.” Her attempt at encouraging student agency felt “hokey,” like she was just going through the motions of collaboration without actually getting to the core of what they needed from her or what they needed from each other.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To make more room for authentic collaboration, Lifshitz began to start the school year with a conversation about rules. She wanted learners to think critically about how rules work in the world outside of their school, where rules come from and why we might choose to follow them or not follow them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She gives students prompts to think through as a class while she takes notes of the questions and comments that come up during the discussion. First, students are asked to define a rule. Next, she’ll ask students if they should follow rules. Then, she’ll ask why students need to follow rules. She says at this point, most students feel as if they can predict where the line of questioning is going, which is why some collaborative rule setting activities, like the ones she initially tried out, didn’t work. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When they deliberate on the next question, she says there’s a shift in the room: Are there other rules that treat people unfairly? In response, students bring up the Civil Rights Movement and specific moments in history where rules were used to treat groups of people \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">unfairly\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Together they talk through the distinction between injustice from unequal access and things that just seem unfair like an older sibling having a later bedtime. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes she’ll read “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/556226/the-wedding-portrait-by-innosanto-nagara/\">The Wedding Portrait\u003c/a>'' by Innosanto Nagara\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.michelleknudsen.com/library_lion_77788.htm\">The Library Lion\u003c/a>” by Michelle Knudsen\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> with her class to provide more examples of when and why one should break rules. The class eventually arrives at a collective decision that rules are not the best way to express what kind of classroom they are hoping to build together.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“From there, we then shift to this idea that maybe what we need is a vision that allows us all to thrive. That shifts us to this conversation around creating a class vision statement.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Core Questions For Visioning\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz and her students use four core questions to help them think about how their class environment enables everyone to be their full self and learn in the best way possible. The core questions are:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from this physical space?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from yourself?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from the people learning around you?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you need from the people teaching you? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58648\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-58648\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/guiding-questions-for-class-vision-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lifshitz uses four core questions as the basis for their class vision statement. ( Courtesy of Jess Lifshitz)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I didn’t want to use words like ‘classmates’ and ‘teachers,’” says Lifshiftz. “I really wanted to reinforce that idea that depending on what moment it is we are all learners and we are all teachers in different ways.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lifshitz uses a multimodal approach to invite kids to think through the questions and make sure she has engagement from all of her students. She starts with Jamboard so kids can individually consider and record their answers to each question. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I have found that when we do these activities and solely rely on verbal conversation, that tends to privilege certain students.” she says, referring to students that are more extroverted. “I wanted to make sure that there was space for my more quiet students, more introverted students, [and] students who maybe verbal processing isn’t a strength of theirs.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For students who benefit from thinking things over with peers, Lifshitz also makes room for them to work together in small groups to discuss each question. She’ll circle the classroom while taking notes and then engage the whole class in a discussion. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Using a big piece of chart paper divided into four sections and labeled with the four core questions, she writes down their themes and ideas, leaving space for students to verbally add anything they didn’t surface in their groups.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58647\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-58647\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/10/class-vision-statement-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lifshitz writes down themes and ideas for their class vision. (Courtesy of Jess Lifshitz)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each section forms the basis of the class vision statement, which Lifshitz types up and shares with students to review. “I show them our draft of the vision statement and allow them to leave notes on paper copies of what they think we're missing.” When students are done with their revisions, she uploads the finalized vision to Google classroom so her entire class has access to it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Addressing Challenges \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a time where many students are transitioning back to learning in school buildings, having authentic input from her students to co-create a class vision has helped Lifshitz understand students’ needs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's really important to me that I adjust my teaching in those first few days to meet my kids where they are,” she says. “Making sure this process is collaborative and hearing from my kids what they need in this moment really allows me to do that in a way that I couldn’t if it wasn't collaborative.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, this year, Lifshitz’s learners talked about needing a calm environment more than they had in past years. Kids also expressed desires regarding the classroom that she couldn’t meet such as wanting more flexibility in the physical space.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“A lot of that had to be taken away last year as social distancing became so very important in keeping our kids healthy and alive and well” says Lifshitz. “They missed having the flexibility of working in a spot that felt comfortable to them or moving around the room when they needed to.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-creating a classroom vision has also given her students the opportunity to grow in a way that a strict set of rules might not have. She says students in one of her classes used to push and shove each other as they raced into the room to pick out the seats they wanted. Lifshitz was worried they were going to hurt each other and was also concerned that certain kids were feeling left out if other students did not want to sit next to them. Her first thought was to take away the ability for students to choose their own seats. Instead, she took time with her class to revisit their vision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The issue [was that] our actions weren’t making everyone feel included,” says Lifshitz. As they looked through their class vision, they assessed whether they were living into their expectations. They were able to have conversations about their intention and impact: even though students were just wanting to sit next to their friends, the impact was that other students were feeling excluded. When they recognized that they were straying from their class vision, several students noticeably changed their behavior. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It doesn't work that way every time. There are still times where I can see that kids are being harmed and I need to step in in a more structured way. But at that moment, the kids showed me, ‘Look, we've got this. We can do this.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/58616/how-student-led-vision-statements-for-can-nurture-school-community","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_20729"],"tags":["mindshift_20738","mindshift_21198","mindshift_1028","mindshift_21036","mindshift_20794","mindshift_21395","mindshift_20779"],"featImg":"mindshift_58617","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_58274":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_58274","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"58274","score":null,"sort":[1629792560000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school","title":"Safety, Agency, Connection: Priorities to Help Students Transition Back to School","publishDate":1629792560,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">School districts are committed to having students back in school buildings even as the delta variant of the coronavirus threatens to derail in-person learning. However, c\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">utting through all of the concerns about academics is the realization that students will need support that goes beyond schoolwork. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s been this slow IV drip of stress,” said Joyce Dorado, UCSF clinical \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/joyce.dorado\">professor\u003c/a> and director of Healthy Environments and Response to Trauma in Schools, during a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewa.org/agenda/ewa-74th-national-seminar-agenda\">Education Writers Association Conference\u003c/a>. “There will be triggers in the environment that make people suddenly feel terrified or unsafe.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said that if kids are having a hard time as school gets started, they are probably expressing a need for one of three things: safety, agency or connection. E\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ducators and caregivers can prioritize these three areas to support kids through this transition, which will be challenging for many.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dorado recommends that teachers allow for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56946/how-can-teachers-nurture-meaningful-student-agency\">as much room for student agency as possible\u003c/a> and empower them by making sure they have voice and choice around the things that are affecting them. Having control goes a long way in easing students back into the physical classroom after months learning within the constraints of online school. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rebuild Learning Skills with Student Agency\u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Every year students come back from summer break or vacation at all different levels, said Torrie Vicklund, a teacher at a K-8 school in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Teaching students who are returning from remote learning will most likely be similar, though teachers will need to attend to fears about the delta variant and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/57982/trauma-is-a-lens-not-a-label-how-schools-can-support-all-students\">any traumas children might be experiencing\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To prepare for the start of the school year, Vicklund is concentrating on building learning skills. “It's not so much that they didn't learn about algebra this year. It's more so that they didn't have a chance to grow and learn together,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There's been a lot of attention on learning loss, but framing student learning that way is a deficit perspective and only focuses on the ways students are off track. If students see adults in their lives recognizing the ways that they have grown, it communicates to kids that they are resilient. “They will need support in the next year in certain aspects,” said Vicklund. “But they'll still come through with a lot more pluses as well in resiliency and adaptability.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vicklund is expecting the ways students learn with one another to be different, too. For example, if students are coming back from remote learning, they may feel more anxiety about speaking in front of the classroom or going up to the board to work out a math problem in front of peers. “I've already seen it,” said Vicklund. “If you are already anxious about school and you don't quite feel safe here, you can't learn and you can't take other chances on top of that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vicklund hopes to help students acclimate by being mindful of when they do classroom activities that require performance and high levels of interaction with the whole class. She’s opting to save these exercises for later in the school year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When students start learning in school buildings full time, caregivers will also have a role to play in making sure students feel a sense of agency, according to Dorado. For example, if a child is having trouble getting started on homework after school, caregivers can give them options. She recommends saying something like, “You could do your homework now or you could take a 15 minute break, get something to eat, get some water, take a walk and do it then. Which would you prefer?” Dorado said these moments of giving over control can be very healing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Create Opportunities for Connection Among Peers \u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Educators can also help students form better connections with their peers, which will be critical to students’ wellbeing and ability to learn. “Without the relationships, the academics definitely suffer,” said Tammy Stephens, a teacher at Bear Lake High School in Idaho. She noticed that students who experience a strong sense of connection feel less stressed and are more willing to try learning new things. Even students who were in school buildings last year may have struggled to connect with classmates when they were behind masks and six feet apart. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Younger students may have never been in the school building due to the pandemic, notes Tika Epstein, assistant principal at J.T. McWilliams Elementary School in Nevada. To help students acclimate to face-to-face learning, her school district provided an optional six-week summer acceleration program for elementary school-aged children with opportunities for social-emotional support, physical education, fine arts, project-based learning and academics throughout the day. They wanted to scaffold the learning experience before the school year started with extra individualized and small group support.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Our 4th graders have used 1200 water bottles so far to build our greenhouse! They still have to cover the roof. How many more bottles will they use? \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/estimation?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#estimation\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/ElemMathChat?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#ElemMathChat\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/STEM?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#STEM\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/summeracceleration?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#summeracceleration\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/sDPS5QzgDF\">pic.twitter.com/sDPS5QzgDF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— JT McWilliams ES (@JTMcWilliamsES) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JTMcWilliamsES/status/1410223823820001285?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 30, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For older students, the isolation of remote learning has been especially hard because they need to socialize with people their age to receive affirmation about the hard things that they're going through as they grow up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I am lucky to not only teach grade seven, but have a grade seven student at home too,\" said Vicklund. \"She is an only child and going through all of this on her own. And so I am constantly having to reassure her that she is not the only one going through social anxiety, body changes and other issues in her life.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She plans on spending a lot more time doing cooperative activities and giving students more informal time to interact with each other to make up for the lack of connection many of her students had been feeling.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Families and emotional safety\u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caregivers and educators may feel an urge to gloss over the pandemic and try to move on from the experience. According to Dorado, talking about the good and bad parts of the pandemic with children can help with healing. “If we simply pretend like it never happened,” she said, “then we lose the ability to learn from it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The phrase “Learning Loss” positions school as the source of all knowledge dissemination, implying families provide no source of wisdom or intellectual capital. This is why some of us rural folk have always been wary of learning institutions that devalue working class histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Adam W. Jordan, Ph.D. (@aj_wade) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/aj_wade/status/1302575032967876608?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To help students feel a sense of emotional safety, Dorado encourages teachers to invite students to discuss the ways their families coped with the pandemic and integrate these practices into the classroom. Dorado invites educators to validate the time students spent at home because families will be essential in helping students adjust to the next school year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focusing on learning loss has devalued time spent with caregivers, according to Adam Jordan, professor of special education at the College of Charleston. Even for students who experienced challenges during remote learning, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.chalkbeat.org/2020/6/26/21304405/surveys-remote-learning-coronavirus-success-failure-teachers-parents\">low engagement and participation\u003c/a> in online classes, learning never stopped.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I learned a lot from my dad, who was a welder on the weekend. I would learn how to stick metal together,” he said. “And it sparked curiosity in me. And now my son sits with me and we work on motorcycles. And it's something that I didn't learn at school.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MindShift is part of KQED, a non-profit NPR and PBS member station in San Francisco, CA. The text of this specific article is available to republish for noncommercial purposes under a Creative Commons \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003c/a> license, thanks to support from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Caregivers and parents can use these back-to-school strategies focused on agency, safety and connection to help kids get ready to learn with their peers again.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1664479806,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1349},"headData":{"title":"Safety, Agency, Connection: Priorities to Help Students Transition Back to School - MindShift","description":"Caregivers and parents can use these back-to-school strategies focused on agency, safety, and connection to help kids get ready to learn with their peers again.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"58274 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=58274","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2021/08/24/safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school/","disqusTitle":"Safety, Agency, Connection: Priorities to Help Students Transition Back to School","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/mindshift/58274/safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">School districts are committed to having students back in school buildings even as the delta variant of the coronavirus threatens to derail in-person learning. However, c\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">utting through all of the concerns about academics is the realization that students will need support that goes beyond schoolwork. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s been this slow IV drip of stress,” said Joyce Dorado, UCSF clinical \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/joyce.dorado\">professor\u003c/a> and director of Healthy Environments and Response to Trauma in Schools, during a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewa.org/agenda/ewa-74th-national-seminar-agenda\">Education Writers Association Conference\u003c/a>. “There will be triggers in the environment that make people suddenly feel terrified or unsafe.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said that if kids are having a hard time as school gets started, they are probably expressing a need for one of three things: safety, agency or connection. E\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ducators and caregivers can prioritize these three areas to support kids through this transition, which will be challenging for many.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dorado recommends that teachers allow for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56946/how-can-teachers-nurture-meaningful-student-agency\">as much room for student agency as possible\u003c/a> and empower them by making sure they have voice and choice around the things that are affecting them. Having control goes a long way in easing students back into the physical classroom after months learning within the constraints of online school. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rebuild Learning Skills with Student Agency\u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Every year students come back from summer break or vacation at all different levels, said Torrie Vicklund, a teacher at a K-8 school in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Teaching students who are returning from remote learning will most likely be similar, though teachers will need to attend to fears about the delta variant and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/57982/trauma-is-a-lens-not-a-label-how-schools-can-support-all-students\">any traumas children might be experiencing\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To prepare for the start of the school year, Vicklund is concentrating on building learning skills. “It's not so much that they didn't learn about algebra this year. It's more so that they didn't have a chance to grow and learn together,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There's been a lot of attention on learning loss, but framing student learning that way is a deficit perspective and only focuses on the ways students are off track. If students see adults in their lives recognizing the ways that they have grown, it communicates to kids that they are resilient. “They will need support in the next year in certain aspects,” said Vicklund. “But they'll still come through with a lot more pluses as well in resiliency and adaptability.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vicklund is expecting the ways students learn with one another to be different, too. For example, if students are coming back from remote learning, they may feel more anxiety about speaking in front of the classroom or going up to the board to work out a math problem in front of peers. “I've already seen it,” said Vicklund. “If you are already anxious about school and you don't quite feel safe here, you can't learn and you can't take other chances on top of that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vicklund hopes to help students acclimate by being mindful of when they do classroom activities that require performance and high levels of interaction with the whole class. She’s opting to save these exercises for later in the school year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When students start learning in school buildings full time, caregivers will also have a role to play in making sure students feel a sense of agency, according to Dorado. For example, if a child is having trouble getting started on homework after school, caregivers can give them options. She recommends saying something like, “You could do your homework now or you could take a 15 minute break, get something to eat, get some water, take a walk and do it then. Which would you prefer?” Dorado said these moments of giving over control can be very healing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Create Opportunities for Connection Among Peers \u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Educators can also help students form better connections with their peers, which will be critical to students’ wellbeing and ability to learn. “Without the relationships, the academics definitely suffer,” said Tammy Stephens, a teacher at Bear Lake High School in Idaho. She noticed that students who experience a strong sense of connection feel less stressed and are more willing to try learning new things. Even students who were in school buildings last year may have struggled to connect with classmates when they were behind masks and six feet apart. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Younger students may have never been in the school building due to the pandemic, notes Tika Epstein, assistant principal at J.T. McWilliams Elementary School in Nevada. To help students acclimate to face-to-face learning, her school district provided an optional six-week summer acceleration program for elementary school-aged children with opportunities for social-emotional support, physical education, fine arts, project-based learning and academics throughout the day. They wanted to scaffold the learning experience before the school year started with extra individualized and small group support.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Our 4th graders have used 1200 water bottles so far to build our greenhouse! They still have to cover the roof. How many more bottles will they use? \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/estimation?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#estimation\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/ElemMathChat?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#ElemMathChat\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/STEM?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#STEM\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/summeracceleration?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#summeracceleration\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/sDPS5QzgDF\">pic.twitter.com/sDPS5QzgDF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— JT McWilliams ES (@JTMcWilliamsES) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JTMcWilliamsES/status/1410223823820001285?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 30, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For older students, the isolation of remote learning has been especially hard because they need to socialize with people their age to receive affirmation about the hard things that they're going through as they grow up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I am lucky to not only teach grade seven, but have a grade seven student at home too,\" said Vicklund. \"She is an only child and going through all of this on her own. And so I am constantly having to reassure her that she is not the only one going through social anxiety, body changes and other issues in her life.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She plans on spending a lot more time doing cooperative activities and giving students more informal time to interact with each other to make up for the lack of connection many of her students had been feeling.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Families and emotional safety\u003c/span>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caregivers and educators may feel an urge to gloss over the pandemic and try to move on from the experience. According to Dorado, talking about the good and bad parts of the pandemic with children can help with healing. “If we simply pretend like it never happened,” she said, “then we lose the ability to learn from it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The phrase “Learning Loss” positions school as the source of all knowledge dissemination, implying families provide no source of wisdom or intellectual capital. This is why some of us rural folk have always been wary of learning institutions that devalue working class histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Adam W. Jordan, Ph.D. (@aj_wade) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/aj_wade/status/1302575032967876608?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To help students feel a sense of emotional safety, Dorado encourages teachers to invite students to discuss the ways their families coped with the pandemic and integrate these practices into the classroom. Dorado invites educators to validate the time students spent at home because families will be essential in helping students adjust to the next school year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focusing on learning loss has devalued time spent with caregivers, according to Adam Jordan, professor of special education at the College of Charleston. Even for students who experienced challenges during remote learning, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.chalkbeat.org/2020/6/26/21304405/surveys-remote-learning-coronavirus-success-failure-teachers-parents\">low engagement and participation\u003c/a> in online classes, learning never stopped.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I learned a lot from my dad, who was a welder on the weekend. I would learn how to stick metal together,” he said. “And it sparked curiosity in me. And now my son sits with me and we work on motorcycles. And it's something that I didn't learn at school.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MindShift is part of KQED, a non-profit NPR and PBS member station in San Francisco, CA. The text of this specific article is available to republish for noncommercial purposes under a Creative Commons \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003c/a> license, thanks to support from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/58274/safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_20729"],"tags":["mindshift_20589","mindshift_20738","mindshift_21213","mindshift_21395","mindshift_20999"],"featImg":"mindshift_58277","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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