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Roughly 100 students from 22 high schools participated. The judges included \u003ca href=\"http://www.markfiore.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Mark Fiore\u003c/a>, a Pulitzer Prize-winning political cartoonist, LegiSchool Director Elisia Hoffman, and yours truly. This is the third year The Lowdown has published the contest winners - see the finalists' entries from previous years \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/tag/editorial-cartoon-contest/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And without further ado, the winning entries ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>First Prize\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kai Henthorn-Iwane\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>11th grade; Berkeley High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4-1.gif\" alt=\"K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4\" width=\"1024\" height=\"732\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Runners-Up\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brittany Almanza \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>10th grade; Poway High School\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Almanza.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26474\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Almanza.gif\" alt=\"B.-Almanza\" width=\"3147\" height=\"2247\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Immanoelle Espiritu\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 9th grade; Granada Hills Charter High School (Northridge)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26496\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"I.-Espiritu-1\" width=\"1024\" height=\"745\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-800x582.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-768x559.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-960x698.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-240x175.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-375x273.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-520x378.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kayla Kressin\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 10th grade; Poway High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Kressin.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Kressin.gif\" alt=\"K.-Kressin\" width=\"3236\" height=\"2501\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brandan Wong\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>11th grade; John F. Kennedy High School (Sacramento)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Wong-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26498\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Wong-1.gif\" alt=\"B.-Wong\" width=\"2550\" height=\"3300\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Honorable Mentions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ana Belcher\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>10th grade; Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A.-Belcher.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26472\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A.-Belcher.gif\" alt=\"A.-Belcher\" width=\"3300\" height=\"2550\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stephen Carag\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 11th grade; Richard Gahr High School (Cerritos)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26486\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg\" alt=\"S. Carag\" width=\"2493\" height=\"2744\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg 2493w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-160x176.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-800x881.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-768x845.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-1020x1123.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-1180x1299.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-960x1057.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-240x264.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-375x413.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-520x572.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2493px) 100vw, 2493px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brenda Nguyen\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 12th grade; Irvine High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Nguyen-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Nguyen-1.gif\" alt=\"B.-Nguyen\" width=\"1269\" height=\"1773\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492463577,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":181},"headData":{"title":"Winners of 2017 California High School Political Cartoon Contest | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Winners of 2017 California High School Political Cartoon Contest","datePublished":"2017-04-06T23:02:49.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-17T21:12:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"26460 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=26460","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/04/06/winners-of-the-2017-california-high-school-political-cartoon-contest/","disqusTitle":"Winners of 2017 California High School Political Cartoon Contest","WpOldSlug":"winners-of-the-2017-california-high-school-political-cartoon-contest__trashed","path":"/lowdown/26460/winners-of-the-2017-california-high-school-political-cartoon-contest","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High school students across California recently submitted entries to the 2017 editorial cartoon contest held by the \u003ca href=\"https://legischool.wordpress.com/category/editorial-cartoon-contest/\" target=\"_blank\">LegiSchool Project\u003c/a>, a state-funded civic education initiative in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In collaboration with The Lowdown, contestants were tasked with drawing single-panel cartoons related to California or national issues. Roughly 100 students from 22 high schools participated. The judges included \u003ca href=\"http://www.markfiore.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Mark Fiore\u003c/a>, a Pulitzer Prize-winning political cartoonist, LegiSchool Director Elisia Hoffman, and yours truly. This is the third year The Lowdown has published the contest winners - see the finalists' entries from previous years \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/tag/editorial-cartoon-contest/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And without further ado, the winning entries ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>First Prize\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kai Henthorn-Iwane\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>11th grade; Berkeley High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4-1.gif\" alt=\"K.-Henthorn-Iwane-4\" width=\"1024\" height=\"732\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Runners-Up\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brittany Almanza \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>10th grade; Poway High School\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Almanza.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26474\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Almanza.gif\" alt=\"B.-Almanza\" width=\"3147\" height=\"2247\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Immanoelle Espiritu\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 9th grade; Granada Hills Charter High School (Northridge)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26496\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"I.-Espiritu-1\" width=\"1024\" height=\"745\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-800x582.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-768x559.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-960x698.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-240x175.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-375x273.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/I.-Espiritu-1-1-520x378.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kayla Kressin\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 10th grade; Poway High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Kressin.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/K.-Kressin.gif\" alt=\"K.-Kressin\" width=\"3236\" height=\"2501\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brandan Wong\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>11th grade; John F. Kennedy High School (Sacramento)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Wong-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26498\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Wong-1.gif\" alt=\"B.-Wong\" width=\"2550\" height=\"3300\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Honorable Mentions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ana Belcher\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>10th grade; Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A.-Belcher.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-26472\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A.-Belcher.gif\" alt=\"A.-Belcher\" width=\"3300\" height=\"2550\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stephen Carag\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 11th grade; Richard Gahr High School (Cerritos)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26486\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg\" alt=\"S. Carag\" width=\"2493\" height=\"2744\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1.jpg 2493w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-160x176.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-800x881.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-768x845.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-1020x1123.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-1180x1299.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-960x1057.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-240x264.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-375x413.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/S.-Carag-1-520x572.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2493px) 100vw, 2493px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brenda Nguyen\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> 12th grade; Irvine High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Nguyen-1.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/B.-Nguyen-1.gif\" alt=\"B.-Nguyen\" width=\"1269\" height=\"1773\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/26460/winners-of-the-2017-california-high-school-political-cartoon-contest","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_588","lowdown_2363"],"tags":["lowdown_555","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2510"],"featImg":"lowdown_26485","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_26269":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_26269","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"26269","score":null,"sort":[1490164298000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"what-you-need-to-know-about-gentrification","title":"What You Need to Know about Gentrification (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1490164298,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/5nyDbHi1YQE\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/03/Gentrification-lesson-plan1.pdf\">Lesson Plan: Gentrification (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Next Tuesday (3/28/17): Immigrant rights\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Cold-pressed juice bar where the laundromat used to be? Check. Dog grooming service where a corner store once stood? Check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, so maybe those aren't definitive indications of gentrification. But they are some pretty telltale signs that your neighborhood is changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gentrification -- derived from the word gentry, or people of high social class -- describes the economic and cultural transition that often occurs when wealthier people begin to move into predominantly poor inner-city neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term ‘gentrification’ was coined in 1964 by British sociologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucl.ac.uk/urbanlab/news/ruth-glass-seminar\" target=\"_blank\">Ruth Glass\u003c/a>, in reference to changes she observed in certain areas of inner London. \"One by one, many of the working class quarters have been invaded by the middle class,\" Glass said. \"Once this process of 'gentrification' starts in a district it goes on rapidly until all or most of the working class occupiers are displaced and the whole social social character of the district is changed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This shift typically pumps economic investment into the neighborhood, spurring new development and services that cater to higher-earning residents, while prompting rapid increases in rents and property values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this boost in resources can result in improved safety and services, it also invariably alters the character and culture of an established community. In many instances, long-term residents in the neighborhood are priced out and forced to move to more affordable communities farther afield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gentrification can also heighten racial tensions in many neighborhoods, as the arrival of wealthier, mostly white newcomers can indirectly result in the eventual displacement of lower-income communities of color that have lived there for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me it’s primarily a racial justice story,\" said Rebecca Carroll, a WNYC producer and reporter for a podcast about gentrification in Brooklyn called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/shows/neighborhood\" target=\"_blank\">There Goes the Neighborhood\u003c/a>.\" \"It’s a cycle of migration for black and brown people,\" she said in an interview with WNYC's \u003cem>The Takeaway\u003c/em>. \"Always moving according to when white people -- who are largely the people with money -- decide that they want to reclaim a neighborhood or a space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome to the hot-button topic of gentrification, a process that has swept through neighborhoods in cities across the country in recent decades, as interest in urban living has grown. It's a loaded term, generally used negatively to connote displacement and \"yuppification.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as with all demographic shifts, gentrification is complicated, and produces a host of changes -- some negative, some positive -- depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many impacts of gentrification actually appear quite desirable. The process can result in reduced crime and blight in neighborhoods that have long been under-resourced and overlooked. And it often yields new investment in buildings and infrastructure and a boost in local economic activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, equity issues arise when the positive changes disproportionately benefit the newest arrivals and remain largely inaccessible to established community members, who find themselves socially and economically marginalized in their own neighborhoods. It can be particularly detrimental to lower-income renters, who are most vulnerable to rent hikes and are often the first to be forced out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/what-is-gentrification/\" target=\"_blank\">excellent description\u003c/a> of gentrification, part of POV's 2003 documentary project \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/\" target=\"_blank\">Flag Wars\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003c/a>urban designer Benjamin Grant notes that the gentrification process in many neighborhoods is generally slow to catch on, but then reaches a tipping point and snowballs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Few people are willing to move into an unfamiliar neighborhood across class and racial lines,\" he writes. But \"once a few familiar faces are present, more people are willing to make the move. Word travels that an attractive neighborhood has been 'discovered' and the pace of change accelerates rapidly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there's no technical definition of gentrification, Grant notes, the process is generally characterized by specific changes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Demographics: An increase in median income, a decline in the proportion of racial minorities, and a reduction in household size, as low-income families are replaced by young singles and couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Real Estate Markets: Large increases in rents and home prices, increases in the number of evictions, conversion of rental units to ownership (condos) and new development of luxury housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Land Use: A decline in industrial uses, an increase in office or multimedia uses, the development of live-work “lofts” and high-end housing, retail, and restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Culture and Character: New ideas about what is desirable and attractive, including standards (either informal or legal) for architecture, landscaping, public behavior, noise, and nuisance.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Grant goes on to note that a gentrified neighborhood often becomes a “victim of its own success.\" The rapid increase in desirability that spurs a spike in rents and property values can erode the qualities that attracted newcomers in the first place. As affordability decreases and lower-income residents are displaced -- often people of color and artists -- the neighborhood becomes noticeably less racially and culturally diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/sep/19/city-resist-gentrification-displacement\" target=\"_blank\">Some cities\u003c/a> have made strides than others to slow the pace of gentrification, namely by safeguarding the supply of affordable housing and enforcing rent control laws. But it's proven a tricky balance to maintain, and anti-gentrification activists commonly accuse city governments of falling short in these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should come as little surprise then, that the San Francisco Bay Area -- one of the most expensive regions in the country with a rapidly growing population and a major dearth of affordable housing -- has long been a gentrification hotbed. Particularly during economic booms, like the current tech boom, the cost of living skyrockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As once lower-income neighborhoods in San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose and other major Bay Area cities become increasingly desirable and expensive, populations have shifted, in some cases dramatically. The resulting exodus of long-established, low-income communities of color to the region's cheaper peripheries has literally changed the face of many communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An oft-cited example is San Francisco's Mission District. Long known as an artistic enclave and hub of Latino culture and community, the neighborhood has undergone an accelerated level of gentrification during this latest economic boom. Rents and home prices have skyrocketed. New condominium developments dot the landscape. And scores of older businesses and galleries have been replaced by high-end restaurants and shops. Without an adequate affordable housing supply, low-income residents, many of them Latino, have been increasingly pushed out of a neighborhood they've lived in for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area's African-American population has been more impacted by gentrification than perhaps any other group. Consider these figures:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1970, African-Americans made up 13.4 percent of San Francisco's population, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">census data\u003c/a>. By 2010, that population had shrunk to just 6.1 percent. Meanwhile, African-Americans in 1970 made up just .1 percent of the total population in the small city of Antioch, on the far northeastern edge of the Bay Area. By 2010, Antioch was 17.3 percent African-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the map below, which shows changes in the region's black population, by census tract, since 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new KQED podcast \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1197721799\" target=\"_blank\">American Suburb\u003c/a> explores this outward migration. It tells the story of modern Antioch, where entire communities of African-Americans, many from Oakland and San Francisco, have relocated in recent decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/qedup/\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to the \"American Suburb\" Series\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1197721799\" target=\"_blank\">Subscribe to the Podcast\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/309045884&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.socialexplorer.com/463000e967/embed\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1490830570,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://w.soundcloud.com/player/","https://www.socialexplorer.com/463000e967/embed"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1246},"headData":{"title":"What You Need to Know about Gentrification (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What You Need to Know about Gentrification (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2017-03-22T06:31:38.000Z","dateModified":"2017-03-29T23:36:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"26269 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=26269","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/03/21/what-you-need-to-know-about-gentrification/","disqusTitle":"What You Need to Know about Gentrification (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/26269/what-you-need-to-know-about-gentrification","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5nyDbHi1YQE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5nyDbHi1YQE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/03/Gentrification-lesson-plan1.pdf\">Lesson Plan: Gentrification (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Next Tuesday (3/28/17): Immigrant rights\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Cold-pressed juice bar where the laundromat used to be? Check. Dog grooming service where a corner store once stood? Check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, so maybe those aren't definitive indications of gentrification. But they are some pretty telltale signs that your neighborhood is changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gentrification -- derived from the word gentry, or people of high social class -- describes the economic and cultural transition that often occurs when wealthier people begin to move into predominantly poor inner-city neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term ‘gentrification’ was coined in 1964 by British sociologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucl.ac.uk/urbanlab/news/ruth-glass-seminar\" target=\"_blank\">Ruth Glass\u003c/a>, in reference to changes she observed in certain areas of inner London. \"One by one, many of the working class quarters have been invaded by the middle class,\" Glass said. \"Once this process of 'gentrification' starts in a district it goes on rapidly until all or most of the working class occupiers are displaced and the whole social social character of the district is changed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This shift typically pumps economic investment into the neighborhood, spurring new development and services that cater to higher-earning residents, while prompting rapid increases in rents and property values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this boost in resources can result in improved safety and services, it also invariably alters the character and culture of an established community. In many instances, long-term residents in the neighborhood are priced out and forced to move to more affordable communities farther afield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gentrification can also heighten racial tensions in many neighborhoods, as the arrival of wealthier, mostly white newcomers can indirectly result in the eventual displacement of lower-income communities of color that have lived there for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me it’s primarily a racial justice story,\" said Rebecca Carroll, a WNYC producer and reporter for a podcast about gentrification in Brooklyn called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/shows/neighborhood\" target=\"_blank\">There Goes the Neighborhood\u003c/a>.\" \"It’s a cycle of migration for black and brown people,\" she said in an interview with WNYC's \u003cem>The Takeaway\u003c/em>. \"Always moving according to when white people -- who are largely the people with money -- decide that they want to reclaim a neighborhood or a space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome to the hot-button topic of gentrification, a process that has swept through neighborhoods in cities across the country in recent decades, as interest in urban living has grown. It's a loaded term, generally used negatively to connote displacement and \"yuppification.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as with all demographic shifts, gentrification is complicated, and produces a host of changes -- some negative, some positive -- depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many impacts of gentrification actually appear quite desirable. The process can result in reduced crime and blight in neighborhoods that have long been under-resourced and overlooked. And it often yields new investment in buildings and infrastructure and a boost in local economic activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, equity issues arise when the positive changes disproportionately benefit the newest arrivals and remain largely inaccessible to established community members, who find themselves socially and economically marginalized in their own neighborhoods. It can be particularly detrimental to lower-income renters, who are most vulnerable to rent hikes and are often the first to be forced out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/what-is-gentrification/\" target=\"_blank\">excellent description\u003c/a> of gentrification, part of POV's 2003 documentary project \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/\" target=\"_blank\">Flag Wars\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/pov/flagwars/\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003c/a>urban designer Benjamin Grant notes that the gentrification process in many neighborhoods is generally slow to catch on, but then reaches a tipping point and snowballs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Few people are willing to move into an unfamiliar neighborhood across class and racial lines,\" he writes. But \"once a few familiar faces are present, more people are willing to make the move. Word travels that an attractive neighborhood has been 'discovered' and the pace of change accelerates rapidly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there's no technical definition of gentrification, Grant notes, the process is generally characterized by specific changes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Demographics: An increase in median income, a decline in the proportion of racial minorities, and a reduction in household size, as low-income families are replaced by young singles and couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Real Estate Markets: Large increases in rents and home prices, increases in the number of evictions, conversion of rental units to ownership (condos) and new development of luxury housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Land Use: A decline in industrial uses, an increase in office or multimedia uses, the development of live-work “lofts” and high-end housing, retail, and restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Culture and Character: New ideas about what is desirable and attractive, including standards (either informal or legal) for architecture, landscaping, public behavior, noise, and nuisance.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Grant goes on to note that a gentrified neighborhood often becomes a “victim of its own success.\" The rapid increase in desirability that spurs a spike in rents and property values can erode the qualities that attracted newcomers in the first place. As affordability decreases and lower-income residents are displaced -- often people of color and artists -- the neighborhood becomes noticeably less racially and culturally diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/sep/19/city-resist-gentrification-displacement\" target=\"_blank\">Some cities\u003c/a> have made strides than others to slow the pace of gentrification, namely by safeguarding the supply of affordable housing and enforcing rent control laws. But it's proven a tricky balance to maintain, and anti-gentrification activists commonly accuse city governments of falling short in these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should come as little surprise then, that the San Francisco Bay Area -- one of the most expensive regions in the country with a rapidly growing population and a major dearth of affordable housing -- has long been a gentrification hotbed. Particularly during economic booms, like the current tech boom, the cost of living skyrockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As once lower-income neighborhoods in San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose and other major Bay Area cities become increasingly desirable and expensive, populations have shifted, in some cases dramatically. The resulting exodus of long-established, low-income communities of color to the region's cheaper peripheries has literally changed the face of many communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An oft-cited example is San Francisco's Mission District. Long known as an artistic enclave and hub of Latino culture and community, the neighborhood has undergone an accelerated level of gentrification during this latest economic boom. Rents and home prices have skyrocketed. New condominium developments dot the landscape. And scores of older businesses and galleries have been replaced by high-end restaurants and shops. Without an adequate affordable housing supply, low-income residents, many of them Latino, have been increasingly pushed out of a neighborhood they've lived in for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area's African-American population has been more impacted by gentrification than perhaps any other group. Consider these figures:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1970, African-Americans made up 13.4 percent of San Francisco's population, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">census data\u003c/a>. By 2010, that population had shrunk to just 6.1 percent. Meanwhile, African-Americans in 1970 made up just .1 percent of the total population in the small city of Antioch, on the far northeastern edge of the Bay Area. By 2010, Antioch was 17.3 percent African-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the map below, which shows changes in the region's black population, by census tract, since 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new KQED podcast \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1197721799\" target=\"_blank\">American Suburb\u003c/a> explores this outward migration. It tells the story of modern Antioch, where entire communities of African-Americans, many from Oakland and San Francisco, have relocated in recent decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/qedup/\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to the \"American Suburb\" Series\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1197721799\" target=\"_blank\">Subscribe to the Podcast\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/309045884&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.socialexplorer.com/463000e967/embed\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/26269/what-you-need-to-know-about-gentrification","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2378","lowdown_2363"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2599"],"featImg":"lowdown_26285","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_25716":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_25716","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"25716","score":null,"sort":[1487141465000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-versus-trump-with-lesson-plan","title":"California Versus Trump: Get Ready to Rumble (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1487141465,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\"> \n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>When the President of the United States is friendlier with Russia than he is with the State of California, you know we're in uncharted territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump and the Golden State have made their mutual distaste for each other abundantly clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, California voters resoundingly rejected Trump; Hillary Clinton won the state by more than 4 million votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Trump-vs.-California-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lesson Plan: California in the Age of Trump (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Next Tuesday (2/21/17): History of U.S. refugee policy\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A solid majority of California political leaders and residents have since vowed to resist key parts of the administration's mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The morning after the election, California Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León (D-Los Angeles) and state Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon (D-Paramount) \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-11-09-joint-statement-california-legislative-leaders-result-presidential-election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a joint statement \u003c/a>expressing as much:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today, we woke up feeling like strangers in a foreign land, because yesterday Americans expressed their views on a pluralistic and democratic society that are clearly inconsistent with the values of the people of California ... By a margin in the millions, Californians overwhelmingly rejected politics fueled by resentment, bigotry, and misogyny.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in an impassioned State of the State address on Jan. 24, Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/24/live-brown-delivers-california-state-of-the-state-address/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> pledged war\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's policies, citing the state's leadership on key issues like climate change, women's rights and immigration. \"California is not turning back, not now, not ever,\" he declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in turn, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-trump-bill-to-make-california-a-1486330796-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently said\u003c/a> that \"California in many ways is out of control\" (although he didn't specify why). He's repeatedly threatened to withhold federal funds -- his \"weapon\" of choice --if the state or its cities defy his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rift is hardly surprising. California, where more than one in 10 Americans call home, has long been a Democratic stronghold. The party gained a supermajority in the state Legislature this November. With a Democratic governor at the helm, that makes the state one of only six Democratic \"trifectas\" in the country. And that puts it in a reasonably strong position to resist some of Trump's mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25738\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25738 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png\" alt=\"Cal_Overview\" width=\"1437\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png 1437w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-160x78.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-800x392.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-768x376.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-1020x500.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-1180x578.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-960x470.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-240x118.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-375x184.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-520x255.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1437px) 100vw, 1437px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Secretary of State \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/prior-elections/statewide-election-results/general-election-november-8-2016/statement-vote/\" target=\"_blank\">Source: California Secretary of State\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The economic cost of resistance, though, could be steep (although it's entirely unclear if Trump will follow through on his threat to defund the state, and if doing so is even legal).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California relies on federal funding to help support a wide range of programs, including health care, education and infrastructure. Over a third of the current \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/federal-funds-comprise-one-third-californias-state-budget-supporting-broad-range-public-services-systems/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> state budget\u003c/a> -- close to $96 billion -- comes from Washington, according to to the California Budget and Policy Center. State residents also receive over $200 billion each year in federal benefits like Medicare (health care for the elderly) and Social Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Funding.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Funding.png\" alt=\"Cal_Funding\" width=\"1437\" height=\"324\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Budget and Policy Center; California Department of Finance\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time though, California is actually less dependent on federal funding than most other states. It has the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-economy-idUSKCN0Z32K2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixth largest economy\u003c/a> in the world, generating more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/15databk.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$400 billion\u003c/a> in tax revenue in 2015 alone. It's among only a handful of states that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2017/02/06/california-and-president-trump-are-going-to-war-with-each-other/?utm_term=.88f12eccea0e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gives the federal government \u003c/a>more money than it takes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How can California fight back?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yes, there is an effort underway to get\u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ballot-measures/initiative-and-referendum-status/initiatives-referenda-cleared-circulation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> a measure \u003c/a>on the 2018 state ballot for California to flat-out secede from United States (a prospect that one-third of the state's residents say they'd be in favor of, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article128316519.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one recent poll\u003c/a>). But the likelihood of a \"Calexit\" is, well, pretty much nonexistent. Sorry guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the state's most realistic line of defense is to sue the Trump administration. California's new attorney general, Xavier Becerra, is an outspoken critic of Trump's policies, and appears ready and willing to take the administration to court, if need be. He'll also have the support of Eric Holder, the former U.S. attorney general under President Obama, who the state Legislature \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-legislature-eric-holder-donald-trump-20170104-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently hired\u003c/a> to provide legal muscle in the expected court battles to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state can challenge the federal government in court if it finds laws or actions unconstitutional or an overreach of power. The Republican-controlled state of Texas (which has also intermittently flirted with the idea of secession),\u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2017/01/17/texas-federal-government-lawsuits/%20target=\"> sued\u003c/a> the Obama administration at least 48 times (and won seven lawsuits) on issues like immigration, the environment and a host of social issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinting that California was \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article129921589.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> gearing up \u003c/a> to challenge Trump's controversial actions on immigration, Becerra recently said: \"I'm not interested in the president of the United States sucker punching the people of California. That's how I feel, so that's how I'll act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is an overview of four major areas -- immigration, health care, economy/trade, energy/environment -- where Democratic lawmakers and citizens are focusing their efforts against the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>IMMIGRATION\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/immigration_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/immigration_CAL.png\" alt=\"immigration_CAL\" width=\"1000\" height=\"919\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Public Policy Institute of California, Pew Research Center; Migration Policy Institute\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/policies/immigration/?/positions/immigration-reform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> tough immigration policy \u003c/a> one of the cornerstones of his presidential campaign. As the Republican nominee, he promised to crack down on illegal immigration, accusing undocumented immigrants of stealing jobs from U.S. citizens, straining public resources and jeopardizing national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although as president, Trump has softened his \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-elect-trump-says-how-many-immigrants-hell-deport/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> hard-line pledge\u003c/a> to deport all of the 11.3 million estimated undocumented immigrants living in the United States, he's quickly tried to follow through on various other hard-line campaign promises. Within his first week in office, he signed an order to begin construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall, defund sanctuary cities, beef up immigration enforcement and expand the criteria of undocumented immigrants to be targeted for deportation. In his second week, he issued another even more incendiary order temporarily banning travelers from seven terror-prone countries and suspending the U.S. refugee program (key parts of this order were halted by a federal court in early February).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although state governments generally have little control over federal immigration policy and enforcement, Democratic lawmakers in California are promising to provide a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/22/politics/california-immigration-donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> strong line of defense \u003c/a> for undocumented state residents facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposed state bills focus on providing funding for free legal assistance and training for lawyers to better defend undocumented immigrants. Currently, less than 40 percent of immigrants facing deportation have \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/access_to_counsel_in_immigration_court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> legal counsel, \u003c/a>according to the left-leaning American Immigration Council.\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/access_to_counsel_in_immigration_court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u003c/a> Another proposed state bill would establish \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-senate-leader-proposes-safe-zones-at-1481144070-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \"safe zones\" \u003c/a> prohibiting immigration enforcement in public spaces such as schools and hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also at stake is federal funding for so-called \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> that don't fully comply with federal immigration enforcement efforts. Major cities with sanctuary policies include San Francisco, Los Angeles and Oakland -- in addition, California passed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/13-14/bill/asm/ab_0001-0050/ab_4_bill_20130916_enrolled.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> statewide bill\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the face of Trump's threat to defund these jurisdictions, most of California's sanctuary cities have reaffirmed their commitment to such policies. San Francisco became the first city to sue the administration, charging that denying funding over policy disagreements is a violation of the 10th Amendment. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sites/default/files/Statement-of-Principles-in-Support-of-Undocumented-Members-of-UC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> University of California\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.laweekly.com/news/california-university-leader-promises-safe-campuses-for-undocumented-students-7618087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> California State University\u003c/a> have also issued statements pledging not to cooperate with federal enforcement authorities and to continue admitting eligible students regardless of immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>HEALTH CARE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/healthcare_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/healthcare_CAL.png\" alt=\"healthcare_CAL\" width=\"1437\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the Affordable Care Act (ACA) -- popularly known as Obamacare -- was signed into law in 2010 and survived two major Supreme Court challenges, it's still among the most hotly contested partisan issues in American politics. Since it went into effect in 2014, an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2016/03/03/20-million-people-have-gained-health-insurance-coverage-because-affordable-care-act-new-estimates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20 million \u003c/a> more Americans now have some form of health coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Republican establishment, Trump is strongly \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/healthcare-reform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> opposed to the ACA\u003c/a> and has pledged to \"repeal and replace\" it. \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/tom-price-save-republicans-obamacare-mess/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom Price\u003c/a>, Trump's recently confirmed Health and Human Services Secretary, calls the law \"stifling and oppressive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although House Republicans have already voted to take the first steps toward repeal and Trump has already signed an executive order (largely symbolic) to limit \"burdens of the Affordable Care Act,\" a replacement plan is still unclear. Proposals include restoring \"free market principles\" by allowing people to deduct health insurance payments from their tax returns, changing federal aid to \"block grants,\" and removing barriers to entry for legal drug providers to lower prescription costs. Trump has also argued that deporting undocumented immigrants would \"relieve health care cost pressure on state and local governments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be difficult to completely repeal the law; it would require 60 votes in the U.S. Senate, including the support of at least eight Democrats. More likely, the law will be picked apart piece by piece. Certain portions, such as allowing children to stay on their parents' policies until the age of 26 and requiring insurance companies to offer plans to those with existing conditions, have broad public support and are less likely to be slashed from the ACA. However, the Republican-controlled Congress will most likely reduce federal funding for state exchanges (such as Covered California) and Medicaid (Medi-Cal in California), a program for the poor and elderly, which provides health insurance for nearly one in three statewide, including undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Californians are covered under their employer-sponsored health care programs. However, nearly 5 million are newly covered under the ACA. Since the law went into effect in 2014, California has signed up more people for the program than any other state in the nation. At stake is $20.5 billion in federal funding -- $15.5 billion for Medi-Cal and $5 billion in Covered California subsidies. Drastic reductions in federal funding would almost certainly deal a huge blow to the level of coverage and number of insured Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individuals who currently buy insurance through Covered California are already seeing a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/07/19/486613011/covered-californias-health-plan-rates-to-jump-sharply-in-2017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> spike\u003c/a> in monthly premiums -- just over \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/18/why-obamacare-covered-california-premiums-going-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> 13 percent on average\u003c/a> -- due to expiring federal funding programs and rising medical costs. The impact of these increases on enrollment numbers is still unclear. However, the Urban Institute, a Washington think tank, predicts that 7.5 million Californians will be uninsured by 2021 if the ACA is repealed -- nearly double the number than if the law remains in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's 2017 enrollment numbers will be released in March, but nationally an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2017/02/10/us/politics/ap-us-health-overhaul-sign-ups.html\">12.2 million\u003c/a> have signed up so far this year despite threats to discontinue the ACA. A clear majority of those enrolled - nearly 64 percent - live in states that Trump won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the outlook is not rosy, Democratic lawmakers say they will examine \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/ask-emily/article114059303.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> state budgeting tools\u003c/a> to fill federal funding gaps, and that they are committed to keeping health care affordable for all Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>ECONOMY/TRADE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25799\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-25799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png\" alt=\"Source: World Bank; California Employment Development Department\" width=\"1000\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-160x80.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-800x401.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-768x385.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-960x481.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-240x120.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-375x188.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-520x261.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: World Bank; California Employment Development Department\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The national economy is officially rebounding from the depths of the 2008 recession, and employment rates continue to rise. However, with the continuing loss of manufacturing jobs, wages have remained stagnant for millions of Americans, a factor that's contributed to a shrinking middle class and growing gap between rich and poor. Wealth inequality in the U.S. is now at near record highs, with about 90 percent of wealth owned by the top 0.1 percent of families, according to recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/13/us-wealth-inequality-top-01-worth-as-much-as-the-bottom-90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> economic research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to public pressure, a number of states have recently raised their minimum wages, even as the federal minimum wage has been stuck at $7.25 since 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's \"America First\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> economic plan\u003c/a> includes ways to simplify the tax code, increase trade enforcement with Mexico and China and strike down federal agency regulations, which he describes as \"the anchor dragging us down.\" The president has consistently appealed to \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> big business\u003c/a>, pledging to slash the top tax rate on corporations by more than half\u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Republican presidential primary, Trump advocated \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/08/03/a-guide-to-all-of-donald-trumps-flip-flops-on-the-minimum-wage/?utm_term=.03fd239f9e53\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> strongly against\u003c/a> raising the federal minimum wage, but has since shifted his position. More recently, he suggested it should be \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/27/politics/donald-trump-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> increased\u003c/a> to \"at least $10,\" but thinks it's an issue best left to the states, not the federal government, to decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a candidate, Trump railed against international trade deals, which he claimed has hurt U.S. workers and sent more jobs overseas. So far, President Trump seem to be sticking to his campaign pledges to withdraw from or renegotiate these agreements. During his first week in office, he signed an executive order formally withdrawing from the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/07/29/the-trans-pacific-partnership-explained/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a>, a trade deal orchestrated by President Obama that would have lowered tariffs on imports and exports among the U.S. and 11 other Pacific Rim nations. He also promised to renegotiate the terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are paying \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-trump-risk-california-economy-20161206-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> close attention\u003c/a> to the president's proposals to redraw trade agreements. The state economy is heavily tied to markets in Asia and Central America, and more than 40 percent of all U.S. imports come through California's ports in Long Beach and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some economists have predicted that trade agreements that boost U.S. exports, as the TPP proposes to do, could lead to significant job creation in wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing sectors. However, policies that increase taxes on goods made abroad -- particularly those in China and Mexico -- could potentially hurt many California businesses involved in logistics and trade. Trump has threatened a 35 percent tax on cars and parts from Mexico and a 45 percent tariff on Chinese products. (His spokesperson also recently suggested a 20 percent tax on Mexican imports in order to fund the border wall).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's tough immigration policies may also have unintended consequences for the agriculture industry, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-anderson-forecast-new-economy-under-new-administration-trumponomics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> UCLA report\u003c/a>. About half of all agriculture workers in the state are undocumented immigrants. Deporting a portion of the workforce would likely increase the cost of fruits and vegetables nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite inaction at the federal level, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/01/04/raising-the-minimum-wage-how-millions-of-workers-started-2017-with-a-bigger-paycheck-with-lesson-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California's minimum wage\u003c/a> was raised to $10.50 in 2017 and is slated to reach $15 by 2022. The federal minimum wage is likely to remain at or close to its current level under the Trump administration, which some argue puts businesses in California at a competitive disadvantage. However, state leaders maintain they are committed to providing living wages to all Californians. In fact, some cities, like Los Angeles and San Francisco, have passed laws to raise the minimum wage to $15, ahead of the state's schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>ENERGY/ENVIRONMENT\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/environment_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/environment_CAL.png\" alt=\"environment_CAL\" width=\"1000\" height=\"501\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California EPA Air Resources Board & California Energy Commission\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama was unable to push through any domestic climate change legislation during his presidency, but his administration continued to try to make the United States a global leader in curbing carbon emissions -- even as it remains one of the world's largest carbon emitters. At the 2015 United Nations climate change conference in Paris, the Obama administration pledged a 32 percent reduction in the nation's carbon emissions by 2030 (from 2005 levels).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing in the journal \u003cem>Science\u003c/em> ahead of his final week in office, Obama urged the incoming administration not to walk away from the Paris agreement: \"Were the United States to step away from Paris, it would lose its seat at the table to hold other countries to their commitments, demand transparency, and encourage ambition,\" \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2017/01/06/science.aam6284.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> he wrote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-noaa-data-show-2016-warmest-year-on-record-globally\">hottest year\u003c/a> on record, the third year in a row of record-setting global average surface temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite broad scientific consensus, Trump has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> disputed\u003c/a> the notion that climate change is caused by human activity. He has called global warming a \"hoax\" and a \"pseudoscience\" invented by America's global competitors to stifle U.S. economic growth. As spelled out in his \"America First Energy Plan,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-energy-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> he plans\u003c/a> to renegotiate Obama's carbon reduction strategy, revive coal mining and other carbon-intensive industries and withdraw from the Paris agreement. As of the Trump administration's first day in office, any mention of climate change has been removed from the White House website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's nomination of \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/08/pruitt-trumps-epa-pick-has-both-sides-of-climate-divide-girding-for-a-major-fight/?utm_term=.581ff7d7a795\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a well-known climate change denier and state attorney general with a history of lawsuits against the EPA, has environmental activists preparing for battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's recently confirmed Secretary of State \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/12/10/who-is-rex-tillerson-the-exxonmobil-chairman-who-may-become-secretary-of-state/?utm_term=.3e274e1811e1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rex Tillerson\u003c/a>, has also given environmentalists serious cause for concern. He is, after all, the former chief executive of ExxonMobile, the largest oil and gas company in the world that's not exactly known for its pristine environmental record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, under Tillerson's leadership, the company publicly embraced the scientific consensus that climate change is linked to human activity, proposed some solutions to address the problem and issued a statement in support of the Paris agreement. And during Tillerson's January confirmation hearing, he acknowledged the validity of climate science and said he supported sticking with the Paris agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Jerry Brown has emerged as a national and global figure in the fight to combat climate change. In response to rumors that President Trump's administration may eliminate funding for earth-science programs, including NASA satellites that provide important data for climate change research, Brown \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/ca-gov-jerry-brown-california-could-launch-its-own-damn-satellite-2016-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> recently proclaimed\u003c/a>, \"If Trump turns off the satellites, California will launch its own damn satellite.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has extensive programs that aim to reduce carbon emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels and increase \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> renewable energy use\u003c/a> to 50 percent of total generation by 2030. California's environmental regulations have historically exceeded national standards and set the benchmarks for federal policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/12/12/if-trump-wont-can-california-sign-the-international-climate-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> backs out\u003c/a> of the Paris agreement, as President Trump has promised to do, California lawmakers would not be able to sign the agreement as a separate entity. The state would likely be challenged in court if it attempted to circumvent national foreign policy. However, Brown has signed the state on to its own climate movement, \u003ca href=\"http://under2mou.org/background/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Under2 MOU\u003c/a>, an international pact to slash carbon emissions with even more ambitious emission reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaders of the state's environmental groups and the scientific community are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/26/us/california-climate-change-jerry-brown-donald-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> more concerned\u003c/a> the Trump administration may reduce funds for important research facilities, and cut federal regulations on emissions and vehicle fuel standards. Some business groups are worried that removing federal environmental protections may put California at a competitive disadvantage if other states choose to opt out of climate change policies or environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, California's political leaders remain optimistic and committed to leading the national and global campaigns to stop climate change. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/ca-gov-jerry-brown-california-could-launch-its-own-damn-satellite-2016-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Gov. Brown\u003c/a>, \"We've got the scientists, we've got the lawyers, and we're ready to fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1538178383,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":65,"wordCount":3111},"headData":{"title":"California Versus Trump: Get Ready to Rumble (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Versus Trump: Get Ready to Rumble (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2017-02-15T06:51:05.000Z","dateModified":"2018-09-28T23:46:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25716 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=25716","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/02/14/california-versus-trump-with-lesson-plan/","disqusTitle":"California Versus Trump: Get Ready to Rumble (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/25716/california-versus-trump-with-lesson-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\"> \n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>When the President of the United States is friendlier with Russia than he is with the State of California, you know we're in uncharted territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump and the Golden State have made their mutual distaste for each other abundantly clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, California voters resoundingly rejected Trump; Hillary Clinton won the state by more than 4 million votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Trump-vs.-California-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lesson Plan: California in the Age of Trump (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Next Tuesday (2/21/17): History of U.S. refugee policy\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A solid majority of California political leaders and residents have since vowed to resist key parts of the administration's mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The morning after the election, California Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León (D-Los Angeles) and state Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon (D-Paramount) \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-11-09-joint-statement-california-legislative-leaders-result-presidential-election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a joint statement \u003c/a>expressing as much:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today, we woke up feeling like strangers in a foreign land, because yesterday Americans expressed their views on a pluralistic and democratic society that are clearly inconsistent with the values of the people of California ... By a margin in the millions, Californians overwhelmingly rejected politics fueled by resentment, bigotry, and misogyny.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in an impassioned State of the State address on Jan. 24, Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/24/live-brown-delivers-california-state-of-the-state-address/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> pledged war\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's policies, citing the state's leadership on key issues like climate change, women's rights and immigration. \"California is not turning back, not now, not ever,\" he declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in turn, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-trump-bill-to-make-california-a-1486330796-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently said\u003c/a> that \"California in many ways is out of control\" (although he didn't specify why). He's repeatedly threatened to withhold federal funds -- his \"weapon\" of choice --if the state or its cities defy his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rift is hardly surprising. California, where more than one in 10 Americans call home, has long been a Democratic stronghold. The party gained a supermajority in the state Legislature this November. With a Democratic governor at the helm, that makes the state one of only six Democratic \"trifectas\" in the country. And that puts it in a reasonably strong position to resist some of Trump's mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25738\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25738 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png\" alt=\"Cal_Overview\" width=\"1437\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview.png 1437w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-160x78.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-800x392.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-768x376.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-1020x500.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-1180x578.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-960x470.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-240x118.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-375x184.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Overview-520x255.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1437px) 100vw, 1437px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Secretary of State \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/prior-elections/statewide-election-results/general-election-november-8-2016/statement-vote/\" target=\"_blank\">Source: California Secretary of State\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The economic cost of resistance, though, could be steep (although it's entirely unclear if Trump will follow through on his threat to defund the state, and if doing so is even legal).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California relies on federal funding to help support a wide range of programs, including health care, education and infrastructure. Over a third of the current \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/federal-funds-comprise-one-third-californias-state-budget-supporting-broad-range-public-services-systems/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> state budget\u003c/a> -- close to $96 billion -- comes from Washington, according to to the California Budget and Policy Center. State residents also receive over $200 billion each year in federal benefits like Medicare (health care for the elderly) and Social Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Funding.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Cal_Funding.png\" alt=\"Cal_Funding\" width=\"1437\" height=\"324\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Budget and Policy Center; California Department of Finance\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time though, California is actually less dependent on federal funding than most other states. It has the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-economy-idUSKCN0Z32K2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixth largest economy\u003c/a> in the world, generating more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/15databk.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$400 billion\u003c/a> in tax revenue in 2015 alone. It's among only a handful of states that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2017/02/06/california-and-president-trump-are-going-to-war-with-each-other/?utm_term=.88f12eccea0e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gives the federal government \u003c/a>more money than it takes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How can California fight back?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yes, there is an effort underway to get\u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ballot-measures/initiative-and-referendum-status/initiatives-referenda-cleared-circulation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> a measure \u003c/a>on the 2018 state ballot for California to flat-out secede from United States (a prospect that one-third of the state's residents say they'd be in favor of, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article128316519.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one recent poll\u003c/a>). But the likelihood of a \"Calexit\" is, well, pretty much nonexistent. Sorry guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the state's most realistic line of defense is to sue the Trump administration. California's new attorney general, Xavier Becerra, is an outspoken critic of Trump's policies, and appears ready and willing to take the administration to court, if need be. He'll also have the support of Eric Holder, the former U.S. attorney general under President Obama, who the state Legislature \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-legislature-eric-holder-donald-trump-20170104-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently hired\u003c/a> to provide legal muscle in the expected court battles to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state can challenge the federal government in court if it finds laws or actions unconstitutional or an overreach of power. The Republican-controlled state of Texas (which has also intermittently flirted with the idea of secession),\u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2017/01/17/texas-federal-government-lawsuits/%20target=\"> sued\u003c/a> the Obama administration at least 48 times (and won seven lawsuits) on issues like immigration, the environment and a host of social issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinting that California was \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article129921589.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> gearing up \u003c/a> to challenge Trump's controversial actions on immigration, Becerra recently said: \"I'm not interested in the president of the United States sucker punching the people of California. That's how I feel, so that's how I'll act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is an overview of four major areas -- immigration, health care, economy/trade, energy/environment -- where Democratic lawmakers and citizens are focusing their efforts against the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>IMMIGRATION\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/immigration_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/immigration_CAL.png\" alt=\"immigration_CAL\" width=\"1000\" height=\"919\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Public Policy Institute of California, Pew Research Center; Migration Policy Institute\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/policies/immigration/?/positions/immigration-reform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> tough immigration policy \u003c/a> one of the cornerstones of his presidential campaign. As the Republican nominee, he promised to crack down on illegal immigration, accusing undocumented immigrants of stealing jobs from U.S. citizens, straining public resources and jeopardizing national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although as president, Trump has softened his \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-elect-trump-says-how-many-immigrants-hell-deport/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> hard-line pledge\u003c/a> to deport all of the 11.3 million estimated undocumented immigrants living in the United States, he's quickly tried to follow through on various other hard-line campaign promises. Within his first week in office, he signed an order to begin construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall, defund sanctuary cities, beef up immigration enforcement and expand the criteria of undocumented immigrants to be targeted for deportation. In his second week, he issued another even more incendiary order temporarily banning travelers from seven terror-prone countries and suspending the U.S. refugee program (key parts of this order were halted by a federal court in early February).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although state governments generally have little control over federal immigration policy and enforcement, Democratic lawmakers in California are promising to provide a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/22/politics/california-immigration-donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> strong line of defense \u003c/a> for undocumented state residents facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposed state bills focus on providing funding for free legal assistance and training for lawyers to better defend undocumented immigrants. Currently, less than 40 percent of immigrants facing deportation have \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/access_to_counsel_in_immigration_court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> legal counsel, \u003c/a>according to the left-leaning American Immigration Council.\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/access_to_counsel_in_immigration_court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u003c/a> Another proposed state bill would establish \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-senate-leader-proposes-safe-zones-at-1481144070-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \"safe zones\" \u003c/a> prohibiting immigration enforcement in public spaces such as schools and hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also at stake is federal funding for so-called \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> that don't fully comply with federal immigration enforcement efforts. Major cities with sanctuary policies include San Francisco, Los Angeles and Oakland -- in addition, California passed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/13-14/bill/asm/ab_0001-0050/ab_4_bill_20130916_enrolled.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> statewide bill\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the face of Trump's threat to defund these jurisdictions, most of California's sanctuary cities have reaffirmed their commitment to such policies. San Francisco became the first city to sue the administration, charging that denying funding over policy disagreements is a violation of the 10th Amendment. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sites/default/files/Statement-of-Principles-in-Support-of-Undocumented-Members-of-UC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> University of California\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.laweekly.com/news/california-university-leader-promises-safe-campuses-for-undocumented-students-7618087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> California State University\u003c/a> have also issued statements pledging not to cooperate with federal enforcement authorities and to continue admitting eligible students regardless of immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>HEALTH CARE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1437px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/healthcare_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/healthcare_CAL.png\" alt=\"healthcare_CAL\" width=\"1437\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the Affordable Care Act (ACA) -- popularly known as Obamacare -- was signed into law in 2010 and survived two major Supreme Court challenges, it's still among the most hotly contested partisan issues in American politics. Since it went into effect in 2014, an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2016/03/03/20-million-people-have-gained-health-insurance-coverage-because-affordable-care-act-new-estimates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20 million \u003c/a> more Americans now have some form of health coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Republican establishment, Trump is strongly \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/healthcare-reform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> opposed to the ACA\u003c/a> and has pledged to \"repeal and replace\" it. \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/tom-price-save-republicans-obamacare-mess/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom Price\u003c/a>, Trump's recently confirmed Health and Human Services Secretary, calls the law \"stifling and oppressive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although House Republicans have already voted to take the first steps toward repeal and Trump has already signed an executive order (largely symbolic) to limit \"burdens of the Affordable Care Act,\" a replacement plan is still unclear. Proposals include restoring \"free market principles\" by allowing people to deduct health insurance payments from their tax returns, changing federal aid to \"block grants,\" and removing barriers to entry for legal drug providers to lower prescription costs. Trump has also argued that deporting undocumented immigrants would \"relieve health care cost pressure on state and local governments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be difficult to completely repeal the law; it would require 60 votes in the U.S. Senate, including the support of at least eight Democrats. More likely, the law will be picked apart piece by piece. Certain portions, such as allowing children to stay on their parents' policies until the age of 26 and requiring insurance companies to offer plans to those with existing conditions, have broad public support and are less likely to be slashed from the ACA. However, the Republican-controlled Congress will most likely reduce federal funding for state exchanges (such as Covered California) and Medicaid (Medi-Cal in California), a program for the poor and elderly, which provides health insurance for nearly one in three statewide, including undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Californians are covered under their employer-sponsored health care programs. However, nearly 5 million are newly covered under the ACA. Since the law went into effect in 2014, California has signed up more people for the program than any other state in the nation. At stake is $20.5 billion in federal funding -- $15.5 billion for Medi-Cal and $5 billion in Covered California subsidies. Drastic reductions in federal funding would almost certainly deal a huge blow to the level of coverage and number of insured Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individuals who currently buy insurance through Covered California are already seeing a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/07/19/486613011/covered-californias-health-plan-rates-to-jump-sharply-in-2017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> spike\u003c/a> in monthly premiums -- just over \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/07/18/why-obamacare-covered-california-premiums-going-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> 13 percent on average\u003c/a> -- due to expiring federal funding programs and rising medical costs. The impact of these increases on enrollment numbers is still unclear. However, the Urban Institute, a Washington think tank, predicts that 7.5 million Californians will be uninsured by 2021 if the ACA is repealed -- nearly double the number than if the law remains in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's 2017 enrollment numbers will be released in March, but nationally an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2017/02/10/us/politics/ap-us-health-overhaul-sign-ups.html\">12.2 million\u003c/a> have signed up so far this year despite threats to discontinue the ACA. A clear majority of those enrolled - nearly 64 percent - live in states that Trump won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the outlook is not rosy, Democratic lawmakers say they will examine \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/ask-emily/article114059303.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> state budgeting tools\u003c/a> to fill federal funding gaps, and that they are committed to keeping health care affordable for all Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>ECONOMY/TRADE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25799\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-25799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png\" alt=\"Source: World Bank; California Employment Development Department\" width=\"1000\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit.png 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-160x80.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-800x401.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-768x385.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-960x481.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-240x120.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-375x188.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/economy_edit-520x261.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: World Bank; California Employment Development Department\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The national economy is officially rebounding from the depths of the 2008 recession, and employment rates continue to rise. However, with the continuing loss of manufacturing jobs, wages have remained stagnant for millions of Americans, a factor that's contributed to a shrinking middle class and growing gap between rich and poor. Wealth inequality in the U.S. is now at near record highs, with about 90 percent of wealth owned by the top 0.1 percent of families, according to recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/13/us-wealth-inequality-top-01-worth-as-much-as-the-bottom-90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> economic research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to public pressure, a number of states have recently raised their minimum wages, even as the federal minimum wage has been stuck at $7.25 since 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's \"America First\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> economic plan\u003c/a> includes ways to simplify the tax code, increase trade enforcement with Mexico and China and strike down federal agency regulations, which he describes as \"the anchor dragging us down.\" The president has consistently appealed to \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> big business\u003c/a>, pledging to slash the top tax rate on corporations by more than half\u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Republican presidential primary, Trump advocated \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/08/03/a-guide-to-all-of-donald-trumps-flip-flops-on-the-minimum-wage/?utm_term=.03fd239f9e53\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> strongly against\u003c/a> raising the federal minimum wage, but has since shifted his position. More recently, he suggested it should be \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/27/politics/donald-trump-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> increased\u003c/a> to \"at least $10,\" but thinks it's an issue best left to the states, not the federal government, to decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a candidate, Trump railed against international trade deals, which he claimed has hurt U.S. workers and sent more jobs overseas. So far, President Trump seem to be sticking to his campaign pledges to withdraw from or renegotiate these agreements. During his first week in office, he signed an executive order formally withdrawing from the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/07/29/the-trans-pacific-partnership-explained/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a>, a trade deal orchestrated by President Obama that would have lowered tariffs on imports and exports among the U.S. and 11 other Pacific Rim nations. He also promised to renegotiate the terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are paying \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-trump-risk-california-economy-20161206-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> close attention\u003c/a> to the president's proposals to redraw trade agreements. The state economy is heavily tied to markets in Asia and Central America, and more than 40 percent of all U.S. imports come through California's ports in Long Beach and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some economists have predicted that trade agreements that boost U.S. exports, as the TPP proposes to do, could lead to significant job creation in wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing sectors. However, policies that increase taxes on goods made abroad -- particularly those in China and Mexico -- could potentially hurt many California businesses involved in logistics and trade. Trump has threatened a 35 percent tax on cars and parts from Mexico and a 45 percent tariff on Chinese products. (His spokesperson also recently suggested a 20 percent tax on Mexican imports in order to fund the border wall).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's tough immigration policies may also have unintended consequences for the agriculture industry, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-anderson-forecast-new-economy-under-new-administration-trumponomics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> UCLA report\u003c/a>. About half of all agriculture workers in the state are undocumented immigrants. Deporting a portion of the workforce would likely increase the cost of fruits and vegetables nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite inaction at the federal level, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/01/04/raising-the-minimum-wage-how-millions-of-workers-started-2017-with-a-bigger-paycheck-with-lesson-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California's minimum wage\u003c/a> was raised to $10.50 in 2017 and is slated to reach $15 by 2022. The federal minimum wage is likely to remain at or close to its current level under the Trump administration, which some argue puts businesses in California at a competitive disadvantage. However, state leaders maintain they are committed to providing living wages to all Californians. In fact, some cities, like Los Angeles and San Francisco, have passed laws to raise the minimum wage to $15, ahead of the state's schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>ENERGY/ENVIRONMENT\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/environment_CAL.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/environment_CAL.png\" alt=\"environment_CAL\" width=\"1000\" height=\"501\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California EPA Air Resources Board & California Energy Commission\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama was unable to push through any domestic climate change legislation during his presidency, but his administration continued to try to make the United States a global leader in curbing carbon emissions -- even as it remains one of the world's largest carbon emitters. At the 2015 United Nations climate change conference in Paris, the Obama administration pledged a 32 percent reduction in the nation's carbon emissions by 2030 (from 2005 levels).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing in the journal \u003cem>Science\u003c/em> ahead of his final week in office, Obama urged the incoming administration not to walk away from the Paris agreement: \"Were the United States to step away from Paris, it would lose its seat at the table to hold other countries to their commitments, demand transparency, and encourage ambition,\" \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2017/01/06/science.aam6284.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> he wrote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-noaa-data-show-2016-warmest-year-on-record-globally\">hottest year\u003c/a> on record, the third year in a row of record-setting global average surface temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump proposes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite broad scientific consensus, Trump has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> disputed\u003c/a> the notion that climate change is caused by human activity. He has called global warming a \"hoax\" and a \"pseudoscience\" invented by America's global competitors to stifle U.S. economic growth. As spelled out in his \"America First Energy Plan,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-energy-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> he plans\u003c/a> to renegotiate Obama's carbon reduction strategy, revive coal mining and other carbon-intensive industries and withdraw from the Paris agreement. As of the Trump administration's first day in office, any mention of climate change has been removed from the White House website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's nomination of \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/08/pruitt-trumps-epa-pick-has-both-sides-of-climate-divide-girding-for-a-major-fight/?utm_term=.581ff7d7a795\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a well-known climate change denier and state attorney general with a history of lawsuits against the EPA, has environmental activists preparing for battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's recently confirmed Secretary of State \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/12/10/who-is-rex-tillerson-the-exxonmobil-chairman-who-may-become-secretary-of-state/?utm_term=.3e274e1811e1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rex Tillerson\u003c/a>, has also given environmentalists serious cause for concern. He is, after all, the former chief executive of ExxonMobile, the largest oil and gas company in the world that's not exactly known for its pristine environmental record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, under Tillerson's leadership, the company publicly embraced the scientific consensus that climate change is linked to human activity, proposed some solutions to address the problem and issued a statement in support of the Paris agreement. And during Tillerson's January confirmation hearing, he acknowledged the validity of climate science and said he supported sticking with the Paris agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What California can do\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Jerry Brown has emerged as a national and global figure in the fight to combat climate change. In response to rumors that President Trump's administration may eliminate funding for earth-science programs, including NASA satellites that provide important data for climate change research, Brown \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/ca-gov-jerry-brown-california-could-launch-its-own-damn-satellite-2016-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> recently proclaimed\u003c/a>, \"If Trump turns off the satellites, California will launch its own damn satellite.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has extensive programs that aim to reduce carbon emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels and increase \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> renewable energy use\u003c/a> to 50 percent of total generation by 2030. California's environmental regulations have historically exceeded national standards and set the benchmarks for federal policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/12/12/if-trump-wont-can-california-sign-the-international-climate-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> backs out\u003c/a> of the Paris agreement, as President Trump has promised to do, California lawmakers would not be able to sign the agreement as a separate entity. The state would likely be challenged in court if it attempted to circumvent national foreign policy. However, Brown has signed the state on to its own climate movement, \u003ca href=\"http://under2mou.org/background/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Under2 MOU\u003c/a>, an international pact to slash carbon emissions with even more ambitious emission reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaders of the state's environmental groups and the scientific community are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/26/us/california-climate-change-jerry-brown-donald-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> more concerned\u003c/a> the Trump administration may reduce funds for important research facilities, and cut federal regulations on emissions and vehicle fuel standards. Some business groups are worried that removing federal environmental protections may put California at a competitive disadvantage if other states choose to opt out of climate change policies or environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, California's political leaders remain optimistic and committed to leading the national and global campaigns to stop climate change. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/ca-gov-jerry-brown-california-could-launch-its-own-damn-satellite-2016-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Gov. Brown\u003c/a>, \"We've got the scientists, we've got the lawyers, and we're ready to fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/25716/california-versus-trump-with-lesson-plan","authors":["8658"],"categories":["lowdown_2363","lowdown_2399","lowdown_2593"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_96","lowdown_2555"],"featImg":"lowdown_25744","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_23920":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_23920","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"23920","score":null,"sort":[1485558035000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"interactive-the-rising-cost-of-californias-public-universities","title":"INTERACTIVE: The Rising Cost of California's Public Universities","publishDate":1485558035,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATED Jan. 27\u003c/strong>: \u003cem>The University of California on Thursday approved a nearly 3 percent tuition hike for all 10 campuses, the first increase since 2011.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The UC Board of Regents \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/uc-regents-approve-first-tuition-increase-since-2011/\" target=\"_blank\">voted to raise annual tuition\u003c/a> for the 2017-2018 school year by $282, and slap on about $50 in additional fees. It says the move is needed to pay for more faculty and course offerings to accommodate record high enrollment numbers and a drop in state funding. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That means the cost of tuition and fees and will go up from its current rate of roughly $13,500 to about $13,890 next year. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent college graduate working full time will now make, on average, about $17,500 more per year than someone with only a high school diploma, a difference of roughly $700,000 over a 40-year career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to a 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2014/02/11/the-rising-cost-of-not-going-to-college/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center analysis\u003c/a>. For young people today, it found, the pay gap between those with and without a college degree is much larger than it's ever been before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2014/01/14/is-college-really-worth-it/\" target=\"_blank\">RELATED: Is College Worth the Cost? [a cartoon explainer]\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the cost of NOT going to college has skyrocketed in recent decades. As the once plentiful supply of American manufacturing jobs continues to shrink, a college degree has become increasingly necessary for scoring any kind of reasonably well-paid job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the rub: tuition rates at most public and private universities have also spiked in recent years, thwarting potential students from pursuing degrees, and leaving a rapidly growing number of recent graduates shouldering \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/life/inside_higher_ed/2016/08/no_the_student_loan_crisis_isn_t_overblown.html\" target=\"_blank\">huge amounts of debt\u003c/a>\u003ca> as they prepare to enter the workforce.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, total U.S. student loan debt tops \u003ca href=\"http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/HIST/cc_hist_memo_levels.html\" target=\"_blank\">$1.3 trillion\u003c/a>, far outpacing total U.S. credit card debt, and more than four times what it was a decade ago. Roughly seven in 10 seniors (69 percent) graduating from public and nonprofit private colleges in 2014 had student loan debt, with an average of $28,950 per borrower, according to the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015#\" target=\"_blank\">Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This conundrum is particularly evident in California, which has some of the highest living costs in the nation and an economy in which \u003ca href=\"http://www.fppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1112\" target=\"_blank\">high-skilled, educated workers\u003c/a> are increasingly in demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as three decades ago, California’s public university system -- both University of California and California State University campuses -- was a national model of extremely low-cost, high-quality education. In 1980, yearly tuition for California residents at UCs was about $2,680 (in 2016 dollars), and roughly $500 at CSUs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That all changed amid California's severe recession and budget crisis in the early 1990s, when the state began to drastically tighten its higher education budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuition and fees more than doubled from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. Although costs then stabilized through the early 2000s, they then resumed their \"dramatic and relentless upward climb,\" according to the \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/state-spending-per-student-at-csu-and-uc-remains-near-the-lowest-point-in-more-than-30-years/\" target=\"_blank\">California Budget and Policy Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, UC tuition is about $12,300 annually, an increase of more than 350 percent since 1980, with graduating seniors who took out loans carrying an average debt of about $20,000 (about $16,000 for \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/value/systemwide/\" target=\"_blank\">CSU graduates\u003c/a>). That's still less than the national average, but much higher than it's ever been for graduates of California's public universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript id=\"infogram_0_869ab4f2-e925-4241-9604-2e51bb3479d0\" title=\"UC/CSU tuition\" src=\"//e.infogr.am/js/embed.js?sdV\" type=\"text/javascript\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's really changed is who pays for public higher education in California, explains Hans Johnson, a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California. While the bill used to be primarily footed by the state (through taxpayers), now students and families are paying over half the cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, the burden of rising costs has fallen hardest on higher-income students. For lower-income students, the impact of higher tuition has actually been softened by “relatively generous” aid programs such as the federal Pell Grants, Cal Grants and the \u003ca href=\"http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/paying-for-uc/glossary/blue-and-gold/\" target=\"_blank\">Blue and Gold Opportunity Plan\u003c/a> (for UC students with family incomes under $80,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What often gets lost is that a substantial share of students qualify for financial aid,” Johnson says, noting that California -- compared with public universities elsewhere -- still does a good job in enrolling eligible low-income students. “Essentially what we’ve gone from is low-cost low-tuition, low-fee program, to one that is medium to high cost but also high aid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, he adds, this leaves a large group of middle-income students who may not qualify for aid programs but still don't have sufficient resources to pay for college, and end up graduating with a large amount of debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, tuition and fees are only a part of the total funding picture. As the map at right shows, the rapidly rising cost of room and board on many campuses is also a major factor in college affordability. This means that even many students with generous aid packages are still incurring large amounts of debt to pay food and housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://mgreen.carto.com/viz/6fb35648-3608-11e5-9f22-0e0c41326911/embed_map\" width=\"100%\" height=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\n\n\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1485558573,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://mgreen.carto.com/viz/6fb35648-3608-11e5-9f22-0e0c41326911/embed_map"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":835},"headData":{"title":"INTERACTIVE: The Rising Cost of California's Public Universities | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"INTERACTIVE: The Rising Cost of California's Public Universities","datePublished":"2017-01-27T23:00:35.000Z","dateModified":"2017-01-27T23:09:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"23920 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=23920","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/01/27/interactive-the-rising-cost-of-californias-public-universities/","disqusTitle":"INTERACTIVE: The Rising Cost of California's Public Universities","customPermalink":"2016/09/29/interactive-the-rising-cost-of-californias-public-universities/","path":"/lowdown/23920/interactive-the-rising-cost-of-californias-public-universities","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATED Jan. 27\u003c/strong>: \u003cem>The University of California on Thursday approved a nearly 3 percent tuition hike for all 10 campuses, the first increase since 2011.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The UC Board of Regents \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/uc-regents-approve-first-tuition-increase-since-2011/\" target=\"_blank\">voted to raise annual tuition\u003c/a> for the 2017-2018 school year by $282, and slap on about $50 in additional fees. It says the move is needed to pay for more faculty and course offerings to accommodate record high enrollment numbers and a drop in state funding. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That means the cost of tuition and fees and will go up from its current rate of roughly $13,500 to about $13,890 next year. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent college graduate working full time will now make, on average, about $17,500 more per year than someone with only a high school diploma, a difference of roughly $700,000 over a 40-year career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to a 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2014/02/11/the-rising-cost-of-not-going-to-college/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center analysis\u003c/a>. For young people today, it found, the pay gap between those with and without a college degree is much larger than it's ever been before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2014/01/14/is-college-really-worth-it/\" target=\"_blank\">RELATED: Is College Worth the Cost? [a cartoon explainer]\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the cost of NOT going to college has skyrocketed in recent decades. As the once plentiful supply of American manufacturing jobs continues to shrink, a college degree has become increasingly necessary for scoring any kind of reasonably well-paid job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the rub: tuition rates at most public and private universities have also spiked in recent years, thwarting potential students from pursuing degrees, and leaving a rapidly growing number of recent graduates shouldering \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/life/inside_higher_ed/2016/08/no_the_student_loan_crisis_isn_t_overblown.html\" target=\"_blank\">huge amounts of debt\u003c/a>\u003ca> as they prepare to enter the workforce.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, total U.S. student loan debt tops \u003ca href=\"http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/HIST/cc_hist_memo_levels.html\" target=\"_blank\">$1.3 trillion\u003c/a>, far outpacing total U.S. credit card debt, and more than four times what it was a decade ago. Roughly seven in 10 seniors (69 percent) graduating from public and nonprofit private colleges in 2014 had student loan debt, with an average of $28,950 per borrower, according to the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015#\" target=\"_blank\">Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This conundrum is particularly evident in California, which has some of the highest living costs in the nation and an economy in which \u003ca href=\"http://www.fppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1112\" target=\"_blank\">high-skilled, educated workers\u003c/a> are increasingly in demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as three decades ago, California’s public university system -- both University of California and California State University campuses -- was a national model of extremely low-cost, high-quality education. In 1980, yearly tuition for California residents at UCs was about $2,680 (in 2016 dollars), and roughly $500 at CSUs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That all changed amid California's severe recession and budget crisis in the early 1990s, when the state began to drastically tighten its higher education budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuition and fees more than doubled from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. Although costs then stabilized through the early 2000s, they then resumed their \"dramatic and relentless upward climb,\" according to the \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/state-spending-per-student-at-csu-and-uc-remains-near-the-lowest-point-in-more-than-30-years/\" target=\"_blank\">California Budget and Policy Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, UC tuition is about $12,300 annually, an increase of more than 350 percent since 1980, with graduating seniors who took out loans carrying an average debt of about $20,000 (about $16,000 for \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/value/systemwide/\" target=\"_blank\">CSU graduates\u003c/a>). That's still less than the national average, but much higher than it's ever been for graduates of California's public universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript id=\"infogram_0_869ab4f2-e925-4241-9604-2e51bb3479d0\" title=\"UC/CSU tuition\" src=\"//e.infogr.am/js/embed.js?sdV\" type=\"text/javascript\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's really changed is who pays for public higher education in California, explains Hans Johnson, a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California. While the bill used to be primarily footed by the state (through taxpayers), now students and families are paying over half the cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, the burden of rising costs has fallen hardest on higher-income students. For lower-income students, the impact of higher tuition has actually been softened by “relatively generous” aid programs such as the federal Pell Grants, Cal Grants and the \u003ca href=\"http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/paying-for-uc/glossary/blue-and-gold/\" target=\"_blank\">Blue and Gold Opportunity Plan\u003c/a> (for UC students with family incomes under $80,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What often gets lost is that a substantial share of students qualify for financial aid,” Johnson says, noting that California -- compared with public universities elsewhere -- still does a good job in enrolling eligible low-income students. “Essentially what we’ve gone from is low-cost low-tuition, low-fee program, to one that is medium to high cost but also high aid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, he adds, this leaves a large group of middle-income students who may not qualify for aid programs but still don't have sufficient resources to pay for college, and end up graduating with a large amount of debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, tuition and fees are only a part of the total funding picture. As the map at right shows, the rapidly rising cost of room and board on many campuses is also a major factor in college affordability. This means that even many students with generous aid packages are still incurring large amounts of debt to pay food and housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://mgreen.carto.com/viz/6fb35648-3608-11e5-9f22-0e0c41326911/embed_map\" width=\"100%\" height=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\n\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/23920/interactive-the-rising-cost-of-californias-public-universities","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_256","lowdown_2363","lowdown_2375","lowdown_242"],"tags":["lowdown_158","lowdown_2559","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2561","lowdown_2532","lowdown_2560"],"featImg":"lowdown_3072","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_24303":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_24303","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"24303","score":null,"sort":[1477631452000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"explainer-a-ranked-choice-voting-refresher","title":"Just In Case You Forgot: How Ranked-Choice Voting Works","publishDate":1477631452,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>On Election Day, Maine voters will decide whether to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for future statewide races, including U.S. Senate, Congress and governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure passes, Maine would become the first state to adopt a statewide RCV system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven cities nationwide now use RCV, or instant-runoff voting for citywide elections, four of which are in the Bay Area: Oakland, San Leandro, Berkeley (all since 2010) and San Francisco (citywide since 2011).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How does RCV work?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>RCV ballots vary somewhat by city, but generally follow a similar format. Assuming there are more than two candidates running for a given position, RCV races on the ballot include a first choice, second choice and third choice column, with every candidate listed in each column.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 607px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-24311 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg\" alt=\"alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638\" width=\"607\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg 607w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-160x80.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-240x119.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-375x187.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-520x259.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sample RCV ballot created by the Alameda County Registrar of Voters. \u003ccite>(Alameda County Registrar of Voters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Voters pick their first, second and third choices, regardless of party. (Note: You don’t have to pick three; you can still just pick your first choice, or your first two choices, etc. It also doesn’t do much good to select your first choice three times -- it’ll be counted only once.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If any candidate receives more than 50 percent of first-choice votes, that candidate is automatically elected. Game over. But if no one receives a majority, a second round of counting proceeds. The candidate who received the least number of votes is eliminated (and if you voted for that candidate, your vote goes to your second choice pick). This process is repeated until one candidate has a clean majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it's endorsement of the state's RCV measure, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lwvme.org/RCV.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">League of Women Voters of Maine\u003c/a> note that in nine of Maine's last 11 gubernatorial elections, the winner failed to receive a majority of votes. RCV, it concludes, is \"the best way to ensure a majority vote in competitive, single-seat, multi-candidate elections.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that RCV is different from California's top-two primary system, in which all candidates are listed on the same ballot and the top two vote-getters, regardless of party affiliations, advance to the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 1: The Sesame Street Power Grab\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So just for kicks (and because puppets are more fun than politicians), let’s pretend we’re observing a heated street council race on \"Sesame Street.\" There are four candidates running, and a total of 24 neighborhood voters casting ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cookie Monster (the clear front-runner, of course, well-loved for his oratorical gifts and promises of free pastries to the electorate) gets 10 first-place votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oscar the Grouch gets eight first-place votes (with strong support from the waste management industry and a large contingent of the generally disgruntled).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Bird gets four first-place votes (from aviary supporters). And poor, impetuous Grover gets only two first-place votes (because no one knows who he really is).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because no candidate received more than 12 votes, there’s no clear majority after the initial round. But we do have our first loser -- better luck next time, Grover -- so we move on to Round 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 2: The First Elimination\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Grover, the candidate with the least amount of first-choice votes, is outta here! But for the two voters who picked Grover as a first choice, their second-choice votes still count. Here’s how:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the voters who chose Grover picked Oscar as a second choice. So that vote goes to Oscar (who now has a total of nine votes). The other voter in Grover’s fan club picked Cookie Monster as a second choice. So, that vote goes to Cookie Monster (who now has 11 votes).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of Round 2, here’s the tally:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>C. Monster: 11 votes\u003cbr>\nOscar: 9 votes\u003cbr>\nB. Bird: 4 votes\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still no clear winner (because there are still three candidates standing), so on to Round 3 we go!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 3: The Deciding Moment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Three candidates left, and Big Bird’s got the least amount of first-choice votes (only four), so that oversized avian is cooked!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we look at the second-choice votes of those four voters who picked Big Bird as their first choice. Remarkably, as it turns out, all four of Big Bird’s second-choice votes were for Oscar! That means Oscar picks up four more votes, giving him (or it?) a final tally of 13 votes to Cookie Monster’s 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And thus, that grumpy, trash-dwelling green goon is the new boss in town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In your city's races, things might not be quite that simple (and all the candidates will likely have noses). But hopefully you're beginning to get the idea of how a candidate can viably receive the most first-choice votes and still lose the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, for instance, Oakland first used RCV for its mayoral race and witnessed a similar outcome: there were 10 candidates, and Don Perata, the clear front-runner (who vastly outspent his opponents during the campaign), got 35 percent of the first-choice votes. That left Jean Quan in a distant second with only 24 percent of first-choice votes. But Quan -- who anticipated this outcome and allied herself with other underdog candidates and their supporters -- received many more second-choice votes than did Perata. And after all the elimination rounds, with second- and third-choice votes factored in, Quan ended up with 51 percent of the vote to Perata’s 49 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The Pundits\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So is RCV a good thing? It really depends on who you ask. (Jean Quan, I’m guessing would say yes; Don Perata … not so much. And Oscar the Grouch ... definitely a big fan.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like pretty much everything in politics, the system’s got its strong supporters and staunch enemies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RCV supporters say:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It could save taxpayers millions by eliminating the need for local primaries and separate runoff elections.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It lessens the influence of campaign spending. Because RCV eliminates primaries, candidates only need to raise money for one election per cycle, not two or three.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It gives underdog and third party candidates a fighting chance and produces a winner who is supported by a clear majority.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It discourages mudslinging and negative campaigning; candidates are now more likely to ally with each.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RCV Opponents say:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It’s too confusing for voters and unnecessarily adds to the complexity of an already complicated ballot.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There's lots of room for technical error as election computers tally results through the use of a complicated algorithm.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It encourages less popular candidates to game the system by teaming up against the front-runner.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It’s discriminatory against less educated or knowledgeable members of the voting public who haven’t received sufficient instruction on how the system works.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1668141701,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1153},"headData":{"title":"Just In Case You Forgot: How Ranked-Choice Voting Works - The Lowdown","description":"On Election Day, Maine voters will decide whether to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for future statewide races, including U.S. Senate, Congress and governor. If the measure passes, Maine would become the first state to adopt a statewide RCV system. Eleven cities nationwide now use RCV, or instant-runoff voting for citywide elections, four of which are","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Just In Case You Forgot: How Ranked-Choice Voting Works","datePublished":"2016-10-28T05:10:52.000Z","dateModified":"2022-11-11T04:41:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"24303 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=24303","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/10/27/explainer-a-ranked-choice-voting-refresher/","disqusTitle":"Just In Case You Forgot: How Ranked-Choice Voting Works","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/lowdown/24303/explainer-a-ranked-choice-voting-refresher","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Election Day, Maine voters will decide whether to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for future statewide races, including U.S. Senate, Congress and governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure passes, Maine would become the first state to adopt a statewide RCV system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven cities nationwide now use RCV, or instant-runoff voting for citywide elections, four of which are in the Bay Area: Oakland, San Leandro, Berkeley (all since 2010) and San Francisco (citywide since 2011).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How does RCV work?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>RCV ballots vary somewhat by city, but generally follow a similar format. Assuming there are more than two candidates running for a given position, RCV races on the ballot include a first choice, second choice and third choice column, with every candidate listed in each column.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 607px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-24311 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg\" alt=\"alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638\" width=\"607\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752.jpg 607w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-160x80.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-240x119.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-375x187.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/alameda-county-registrar-of-voters-rankedchoice-voting-presentation-4-638-e1477631656752-520x259.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sample RCV ballot created by the Alameda County Registrar of Voters. \u003ccite>(Alameda County Registrar of Voters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Voters pick their first, second and third choices, regardless of party. (Note: You don’t have to pick three; you can still just pick your first choice, or your first two choices, etc. It also doesn’t do much good to select your first choice three times -- it’ll be counted only once.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If any candidate receives more than 50 percent of first-choice votes, that candidate is automatically elected. Game over. But if no one receives a majority, a second round of counting proceeds. The candidate who received the least number of votes is eliminated (and if you voted for that candidate, your vote goes to your second choice pick). This process is repeated until one candidate has a clean majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it's endorsement of the state's RCV measure, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lwvme.org/RCV.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">League of Women Voters of Maine\u003c/a> note that in nine of Maine's last 11 gubernatorial elections, the winner failed to receive a majority of votes. RCV, it concludes, is \"the best way to ensure a majority vote in competitive, single-seat, multi-candidate elections.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that RCV is different from California's top-two primary system, in which all candidates are listed on the same ballot and the top two vote-getters, regardless of party affiliations, advance to the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 1: The Sesame Street Power Grab\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So just for kicks (and because puppets are more fun than politicians), let’s pretend we’re observing a heated street council race on \"Sesame Street.\" There are four candidates running, and a total of 24 neighborhood voters casting ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cookie Monster (the clear front-runner, of course, well-loved for his oratorical gifts and promises of free pastries to the electorate) gets 10 first-place votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oscar the Grouch gets eight first-place votes (with strong support from the waste management industry and a large contingent of the generally disgruntled).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Bird gets four first-place votes (from aviary supporters). And poor, impetuous Grover gets only two first-place votes (because no one knows who he really is).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because no candidate received more than 12 votes, there’s no clear majority after the initial round. But we do have our first loser -- better luck next time, Grover -- so we move on to Round 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 2: The First Elimination\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Grover, the candidate with the least amount of first-choice votes, is outta here! But for the two voters who picked Grover as a first choice, their second-choice votes still count. Here’s how:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the voters who chose Grover picked Oscar as a second choice. So that vote goes to Oscar (who now has a total of nine votes). The other voter in Grover’s fan club picked Cookie Monster as a second choice. So, that vote goes to Cookie Monster (who now has 11 votes).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of Round 2, here’s the tally:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>C. Monster: 11 votes\u003cbr>\nOscar: 9 votes\u003cbr>\nB. Bird: 4 votes\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still no clear winner (because there are still three candidates standing), so on to Round 3 we go!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Round 3: The Deciding Moment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Three candidates left, and Big Bird’s got the least amount of first-choice votes (only four), so that oversized avian is cooked!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we look at the second-choice votes of those four voters who picked Big Bird as their first choice. Remarkably, as it turns out, all four of Big Bird’s second-choice votes were for Oscar! That means Oscar picks up four more votes, giving him (or it?) a final tally of 13 votes to Cookie Monster’s 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And thus, that grumpy, trash-dwelling green goon is the new boss in town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In your city's races, things might not be quite that simple (and all the candidates will likely have noses). But hopefully you're beginning to get the idea of how a candidate can viably receive the most first-choice votes and still lose the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, for instance, Oakland first used RCV for its mayoral race and witnessed a similar outcome: there were 10 candidates, and Don Perata, the clear front-runner (who vastly outspent his opponents during the campaign), got 35 percent of the first-choice votes. That left Jean Quan in a distant second with only 24 percent of first-choice votes. But Quan -- who anticipated this outcome and allied herself with other underdog candidates and their supporters -- received many more second-choice votes than did Perata. And after all the elimination rounds, with second- and third-choice votes factored in, Quan ended up with 51 percent of the vote to Perata’s 49 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The Pundits\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So is RCV a good thing? It really depends on who you ask. (Jean Quan, I’m guessing would say yes; Don Perata … not so much. And Oscar the Grouch ... definitely a big fan.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like pretty much everything in politics, the system’s got its strong supporters and staunch enemies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RCV supporters say:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It could save taxpayers millions by eliminating the need for local primaries and separate runoff elections.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It lessens the influence of campaign spending. Because RCV eliminates primaries, candidates only need to raise money for one election per cycle, not two or three.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It gives underdog and third party candidates a fighting chance and produces a winner who is supported by a clear majority.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It discourages mudslinging and negative campaigning; candidates are now more likely to ally with each.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RCV Opponents say:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It’s too confusing for voters and unnecessarily adds to the complexity of an already complicated ballot.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>There's lots of room for technical error as election computers tally results through the use of a complicated algorithm.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It encourages less popular candidates to game the system by teaming up against the front-runner.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It’s discriminatory against less educated or knowledgeable members of the voting public who haven’t received sufficient instruction on how the system works.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/24303/explainer-a-ranked-choice-voting-refresher","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_245","lowdown_2398","lowdown_2363","lowdown_2361"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_28"],"featImg":"lowdown_24323","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_20930":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_20930","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"20930","score":null,"sort":[1455757255000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"winners-of-the-california-student-political-cartoon-contest","title":"Best of the Best! Winners of the California High School Political Cartoon Contest","publishDate":1455757255,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>This fall, California high school students participated in an annual statewide editorial cartoon contest organized by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/calst/legischool_project.html\" target=\"_blank\">LegiSchool Project\u003c/a>, a state-funded civic initiative in Sacramento. \u003c!--more-->In collaboration with The Lowdown, contestants were tasked with drawing single-panel cartoons related to state or national issues. Judges included \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorial-cartoons/jack-ohman/\" target=\"_blank\">Jack Ohman\u003c/a>, editorial cartoonist at the Fresno Bee, and yours truly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And without further ado, the winning entries ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>First Prize\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Vanessa Harding, 9th grade, Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20969\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20969\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg\" alt=\"Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding\" width=\"2062\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg 2062w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-400x292.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-800x584.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-768x560.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-1440x1050.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-1180x861.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-960x700.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2062px) 100vw, 2062px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Runners-Up\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jillian Mara, 11th grade, North High School (Torrance, CA)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20940\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20940\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png\" alt=\"Dungeness Crab_Jilllian Mara\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-768x576.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-960x720.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Isabella Uchimura, 10th grade, Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20957\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20957\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg\" alt=\"Uchimura_privilege\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1484\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-400x309.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-768x594.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-1440x1113.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-960x742.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Carolyn Ge, 10th grade, Mission San Jose High School (Fremont, CA)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20982\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20982\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg\" alt=\"the_other_californian_drought(7)\" width=\"2096\" height=\"1648\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg 2096w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-400x315.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-800x629.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-768x604.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-1440x1132.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-1180x928.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-960x755.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2096px) 100vw, 2096px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mallika Gupta, 10th grade, Mission San Jose High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20962\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20962\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg\" alt=\"Common_core_Mallika-Gupta\" width=\"1000\" height=\"773\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-400x309.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-768x594.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-960x742.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Honorable Mentions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lauren Ring, Academy of the Canyons (Santa Clarita, CA)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\"Hierarchy of Needs\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-21000\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-21000\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg\" alt=\"shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final\" width=\"2512\" height=\"2480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg 2512w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-400x395.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-800x790.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-768x758.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-1440x1422.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-1180x1165.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-960x948.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2512px) 100vw, 2512px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Chenxing Zhou, Mission San Jose High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20997\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20997\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg\" alt=\"victor_drawing_12022015(3)\" width=\"3316\" height=\"2521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg 3316w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-400x304.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-800x608.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-768x584.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-1440x1095.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-1180x897.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-960x730.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3316px) 100vw, 3316px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sabrina Han, Rowland High School (\u003cspan class=\"_Xbe\">Rowland Heights, CA\u003c/span>)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20995\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20995\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg\" alt=\"sabrinah_finalagain\" width=\"2899\" height=\"2550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg 2899w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-400x352.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-800x704.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-768x676.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-1440x1267.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-1180x1038.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-960x844.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2899px) 100vw, 2899px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1455843912,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":151},"headData":{"title":"Best of the Best! Winners of the California High School Political Cartoon Contest | KQED","description":"This fall, California high school students participated in an annual statewide editorial cartoon contest organized by the LegiSchool Project, a state-funded civic initiative in Sacramento.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Best of the Best! Winners of the California High School Political Cartoon Contest","datePublished":"2016-02-18T01:00:55.000Z","dateModified":"2016-02-19T01:05:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"20930 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=20930","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/02/17/winners-of-the-california-student-political-cartoon-contest/","disqusTitle":"Best of the Best! Winners of the California High School Political Cartoon Contest","path":"/lowdown/20930/winners-of-the-california-student-political-cartoon-contest","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This fall, California high school students participated in an annual statewide editorial cartoon contest organized by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/calst/legischool_project.html\" target=\"_blank\">LegiSchool Project\u003c/a>, a state-funded civic initiative in Sacramento. \u003c!--more-->In collaboration with The Lowdown, contestants were tasked with drawing single-panel cartoons related to state or national issues. Judges included \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorial-cartoons/jack-ohman/\" target=\"_blank\">Jack Ohman\u003c/a>, editorial cartoonist at the Fresno Bee, and yours truly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And without further ado, the winning entries ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>First Prize\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Vanessa Harding, 9th grade, Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20969\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20969\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg\" alt=\"Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding\" width=\"2062\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4.jpg 2062w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-400x292.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-800x584.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-768x560.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-1440x1050.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-1180x861.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Drought-dealing_Vanessa-Harding-4-960x700.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2062px) 100vw, 2062px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Runners-Up\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jillian Mara, 11th grade, North High School (Torrance, CA)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20940\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20940\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png\" alt=\"Dungeness Crab_Jilllian Mara\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara.png 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-768x576.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Dungeness-Crab_Jilllian-Mara-960x720.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Isabella Uchimura, 10th grade, Culver City High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20957\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20957\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg\" alt=\"Uchimura_privilege\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1484\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-400x309.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-768x594.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-1440x1113.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Uchimura_privilege-960x742.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Carolyn Ge, 10th grade, Mission San Jose High School (Fremont, CA)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20982\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20982\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg\" alt=\"the_other_californian_drought(7)\" width=\"2096\" height=\"1648\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4.jpg 2096w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-400x315.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-800x629.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-768x604.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-1440x1132.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-1180x928.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/the_other_californian_drought7-4-960x755.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2096px) 100vw, 2096px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mallika Gupta, 10th grade, Mission San Jose High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20962\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20962\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg\" alt=\"Common_core_Mallika-Gupta\" width=\"1000\" height=\"773\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-400x309.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-768x594.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/Common_core_Mallika-Gupta-2-960x742.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Honorable Mentions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lauren Ring, Academy of the Canyons (Santa Clarita, CA)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\"Hierarchy of Needs\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-21000\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-21000\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg\" alt=\"shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final\" width=\"2512\" height=\"2480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final.jpg 2512w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-400x395.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-800x790.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-768x758.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-1440x1422.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-1180x1165.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-960x948.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/shkrelis_hierarchy_of_needs_Lauren-Ring_final-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2512px) 100vw, 2512px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Chenxing Zhou, Mission San Jose High School\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20997\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20997\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg\" alt=\"victor_drawing_12022015(3)\" width=\"3316\" height=\"2521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153.jpg 3316w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-400x304.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-800x608.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-768x584.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-1440x1095.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-1180x897.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/victor_drawing_120220153-960x730.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3316px) 100vw, 3316px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sabrina Han, Rowland High School (\u003cspan class=\"_Xbe\">Rowland Heights, CA\u003c/span>)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-20995\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20995\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg\" alt=\"sabrinah_finalagain\" width=\"2899\" height=\"2550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain.jpg 2899w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-400x352.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-800x704.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-768x676.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-1440x1267.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-1180x1038.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/02/sabrinah_finalagain-960x844.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2899px) 100vw, 2899px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/20930/winners-of-the-california-student-political-cartoon-contest","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_588","lowdown_2363"],"tags":["lowdown_555","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2510"],"featImg":"lowdown_20969","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_19922":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_19922","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"19922","score":null,"sort":[1453338010000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-taxpayers-revolt-how-proposition-13-changed-california-an-illustrated-explainer","title":"The Taxpayers Revolt! How Prop 13 Transformed California","publishDate":1453338010,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>Among the multitude of California ballot measures approved by voters over the years, few have been as influential, controversial and downright confusing as Proposition 13. Passed in 1978, the measure transformed how state and local governments in California raise and distribute tax revenue, an issue that affects everyone who lives here. Comic journalist Andy Warner explains what it did and why we think you should care. Below that, an excellent \u003ca href=\"https://www.retroreport.org/video/mad-as-hell/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retro Report\u003c/a> video on the history of a very controversial measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-30941 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"4314\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg 614w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-160x1124.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-171x1200.jpg 171w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-240x1686.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-375x2635.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-520x3654.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/pF4xnxk0Oas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1525376017,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":88},"headData":{"title":"The Taxpayers Revolt! How Prop 13 Transformed California | KQED","description":"Among the multitude of California ballot measures approved by voters over the years, few have been as influential, controversial and downright confusing as Proposition 13. Passed in 1978, the measure transformed how state and local governments in California raise and distribute tax revenue, an issue that affects everyone who lives here. Comic journalist Andy Warner","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Taxpayers Revolt! How Prop 13 Transformed California","datePublished":"2016-01-21T01:00:10.000Z","dateModified":"2018-05-03T19:33:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"19922 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=19922","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/01/20/the-taxpayers-revolt-how-proposition-13-changed-california-an-illustrated-explainer/","disqusTitle":"The Taxpayers Revolt! How Prop 13 Transformed California","customPermalink":"2015/05/27/the-taxpayers-revolt-how-proposition-13-changed-california-an-illustrated-explainer/","path":"/lowdown/19922/the-taxpayers-revolt-how-proposition-13-changed-california-an-illustrated-explainer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Among the multitude of California ballot measures approved by voters over the years, few have been as influential, controversial and downright confusing as Proposition 13. Passed in 1978, the measure transformed how state and local governments in California raise and distribute tax revenue, an issue that affects everyone who lives here. Comic journalist Andy Warner explains what it did and why we think you should care. Below that, an excellent \u003ca href=\"https://www.retroreport.org/video/mad-as-hell/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retro Report\u003c/a> video on the history of a very controversial measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-30941 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"4314\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957.jpg 614w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-160x1124.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-171x1200.jpg 171w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-240x1686.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-375x2635.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/01/Prop-13_full-e1525375816957-520x3654.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/pF4xnxk0Oas'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/pF4xnxk0Oas'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/19922/the-taxpayers-revolt-how-proposition-13-changed-california-an-illustrated-explainer","authors":["7506"],"categories":["lowdown_588","lowdown_2363","lowdown_2370","lowdown_2361"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2487","lowdown_2488"],"featImg":"lowdown_20011","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_19256":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_19256","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"19256","score":null,"sort":[1439836239000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"interactive-earthquake-map-get-to-know-your-local-faults","title":"Interactive Earthquake Map: Get to Know Your Local Faults","publishDate":1439836239,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>Zoom in and mouseover this interactive USGS map to locate local fault lines and recent earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc72507396#general_map\" width=\"1000\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Call it nature's alarm clock (sans snooze button).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 4.0 earthquake, centered in the Oakland Hills just north of Piedmont, rattled much of the East Bay and other areas of the central Bay Area this morning, jolting thousands of residents out of bed. Located on the Hayward Fault, the quake struck at 6:49 a.m. and was followed by a series of minor aftershocks, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc72507396#general_summary\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/a>. No serious damage was reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hayward Fault runs from San Pablo Bay to Fremont. It passes through parts of Berkeley, Oakland, Hayward and Fremont before branching into a set of surface faults that connect it to the central part of the Calaveras Fault, according to the USGS. Some scientists predict that the Bay Area's the next major quake will occur on this fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last major quake on the Hayward Fault hit on Oct. 21, 1868. The estimated 6.8-magnitude quake killed roughly 30 people and caused extensive property damage in a handful of East Bay's nascent cities. At the time, the population of the East Bay was roughly 100 times smaller than it is today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3019/fs2008-3019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">USGS describes\u003c/a> in its report on the quake:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shaking from the 1868 quake was the strongest that the new towns and growing\u003cbr>\ncities of the Bay Area had ever experienced. Until overshadowed by the 1906 earthquake, the 1868 event was known as the “great San\u003cbr>\nFrancisco quake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19272\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 580px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-19272 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg\" alt=\"The second story of the Alameda County Courthouse in San Leandro collapsed during the 1868 quake. The photo insert shows the building prior to the quake. \" width=\"580\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg 580w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto-400x250.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The second story of the Alameda County Courthouse in San Leandro collapsed during the 1868 quake. The photo insert shows the building prior to the quake. \u003ccite>(Photos courtesy of the Bancroft Library, University of California and the San Leandro Public Library )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Interactive map of California's earthquakes and fault lines. \r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1441064476,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc72507396#general_map"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":303},"headData":{"title":"Interactive Earthquake Map: Get to Know Your Local Faults | KQED","description":"Interactive map of California's earthquakes and fault lines. \r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Interactive Earthquake Map: Get to Know Your Local Faults","datePublished":"2015-08-17T18:30:39.000Z","dateModified":"2015-08-31T23:41:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"19256 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=19256","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/08/17/interactive-earthquake-map-get-to-know-your-local-faults/","disqusTitle":"Interactive Earthquake Map: Get to Know Your Local Faults","path":"/lowdown/19256/interactive-earthquake-map-get-to-know-your-local-faults","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Zoom in and mouseover this interactive USGS map to locate local fault lines and recent earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc72507396#general_map\" width=\"1000\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Call it nature's alarm clock (sans snooze button).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 4.0 earthquake, centered in the Oakland Hills just north of Piedmont, rattled much of the East Bay and other areas of the central Bay Area this morning, jolting thousands of residents out of bed. Located on the Hayward Fault, the quake struck at 6:49 a.m. and was followed by a series of minor aftershocks, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc72507396#general_summary\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/a>. No serious damage was reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hayward Fault runs from San Pablo Bay to Fremont. It passes through parts of Berkeley, Oakland, Hayward and Fremont before branching into a set of surface faults that connect it to the central part of the Calaveras Fault, according to the USGS. Some scientists predict that the Bay Area's the next major quake will occur on this fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last major quake on the Hayward Fault hit on Oct. 21, 1868. The estimated 6.8-magnitude quake killed roughly 30 people and caused extensive property damage in a handful of East Bay's nascent cities. At the time, the population of the East Bay was roughly 100 times smaller than it is today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3019/fs2008-3019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">USGS describes\u003c/a> in its report on the quake:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shaking from the 1868 quake was the strongest that the new towns and growing\u003cbr>\ncities of the Bay Area had ever experienced. Until overshadowed by the 1906 earthquake, the 1868 event was known as the “great San\u003cbr>\nFrancisco quake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19272\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 580px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-19272 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg\" alt=\"The second story of the Alameda County Courthouse in San Leandro collapsed during the 1868 quake. The photo insert shows the building prior to the quake. \" width=\"580\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto.jpg 580w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/08/coverphoto-400x250.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The second story of the Alameda County Courthouse in San Leandro collapsed during the 1868 quake. The photo insert shows the building prior to the quake. \u003ccite>(Photos courtesy of the Bancroft Library, University of California and the San Leandro Public Library )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/19256/interactive-earthquake-map-get-to-know-your-local-faults","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2363","lowdown_572","lowdown_530"],"tags":["lowdown_518","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2457"],"featImg":"lowdown_19278","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_18747":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_18747","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"18747","score":null,"sort":[1435802791000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"where-not-to-go-this-weekend-real-time-interactive-wildfire-maps","title":"Heat Map (Literally): Real-Time Interactive Wildfire Trackers","publishDate":1435802791,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>Easy with the fireworks this weekend, folks!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire season is upon us, as California and other bone dry western states brace for what is all but guaranteed to be another flammable summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"WbJM15GZf1yhbuMjV4ysAyqt5BqzaZAc\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is a map created by \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">CAL FIRE.\u003c/a>, which provides general locations and perimeters of major active fires burning in California. Under that, a map of active fires currently burning throughout the entire West, including a surprisingly large string in Alaska. Created by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>, the map uses real-time data provided by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.geomac.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">US Geological Service's Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Group\u003c/a>, a web-based mapping application providing current fire locations and perimeters. Zoom in to see fire perimeters. Other good, continuously updated government wildfire reporting sites include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/nfn.htm\" target=\"_blank\">National Interagency Fire Center\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">InciWeb Incident Information System\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=zp8nK_5H0MFQ.kzTmU5XK-qJQ&hl=en\" width=\"700\" height=\"650\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> br>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe height=\"440\" width=\"700\" scrolling=\"NO\" src=\"http://widgets.climatecentral.org/firemap/external_map.html?utm_source=external_KQED&utm_medium=embed&utm_campaign=wildfiremap\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Where the fires are burning in the West.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1437002547,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed","http://widgets.climatecentral.org/firemap/external_map.html"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":140},"headData":{"title":"Heat Map (Literally): Real-Time Interactive Wildfire Trackers | KQED","description":"Where the fires are burning in the West.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Heat Map (Literally): Real-Time Interactive Wildfire Trackers","datePublished":"2015-07-02T02:06:31.000Z","dateModified":"2015-07-15T23:22:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"18747 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=18747","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/01/where-not-to-go-this-weekend-real-time-interactive-wildfire-maps/","disqusTitle":"Heat Map (Literally): Real-Time Interactive Wildfire Trackers","path":"/lowdown/18747/where-not-to-go-this-weekend-real-time-interactive-wildfire-maps","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Easy with the fireworks this weekend, folks!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire season is upon us, as California and other bone dry western states brace for what is all but guaranteed to be another flammable summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is a map created by \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">CAL FIRE.\u003c/a>, which provides general locations and perimeters of major active fires burning in California. Under that, a map of active fires currently burning throughout the entire West, including a surprisingly large string in Alaska. Created by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>, the map uses real-time data provided by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.geomac.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">US Geological Service's Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Group\u003c/a>, a web-based mapping application providing current fire locations and perimeters. Zoom in to see fire perimeters. Other good, continuously updated government wildfire reporting sites include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/nfn.htm\" target=\"_blank\">National Interagency Fire Center\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">InciWeb Incident Information System\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=zp8nK_5H0MFQ.kzTmU5XK-qJQ&hl=en\" width=\"700\" height=\"650\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> br>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe height=\"440\" width=\"700\" scrolling=\"NO\" src=\"http://widgets.climatecentral.org/firemap/external_map.html?utm_source=external_KQED&utm_medium=embed&utm_campaign=wildfiremap\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/18747/where-not-to-go-this-weekend-real-time-interactive-wildfire-maps","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2363","lowdown_530"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_392"],"featImg":"lowdown_18790","label":"lowdown"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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