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Roughly two-thirds of women who have been abused said they remained fearful and concerned for their safety after the abuse, the CDC reported, and half of these women said they developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, which can cause further physical health consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the latest guidelines, physicians would ask women of reproductive age during appointments if they have experienced violence at the hands of someone they know. Women who indicate they have would then be referred for further services, such as \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1524838016637080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">counseling\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jwh.2015.5547\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">home visits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recommendations bolster a set of guidelines initially released in 2013. Guidelines are reviewed every five years to adapt standing practices to new evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the #MeToo era, advocates suggest that, anecdotally, they have seen more victims empowered to speak out about what has happened to them. In the last year, the Domestic Violence Hotline reported a 30-percent rise in calls, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/domestic-violence-hotline-me-too.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York Times reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the many #MeToo experiences revealed on social media, survivors of domestic violence often are not ready to go public in part because of stigma and the idea that domestic violence occurs in a relationship between two consenting adults rather than a situation bound by fear, abuse and threats. Lisa James, director of health at Futures Without Violence, credits the movement with inviting people to be “more comfortable with disclosure.”[contextly_sidebar id=\"KW16iKwutQKVUIspOtLQoZNCrloWfZng\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s all the more reason why we want to have health care providers there, ready and trained on how to open up that conversation,” James said. Making it a routine part of a health checkup may help relieve the onus on victims to protect themselves by speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a closer look at these recommendations and how they can help women at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s new about the guidelines?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females of reproductive age — between 15 and 44 years old — are at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754606\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">potential risk for abuse\u003c/a>, according to the guidelines. But other factors, including abuse during childhood, joblessness and difficulty paying bills, marital problems and substance use, raise the chances that a woman may endure violence from someone she knows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recommendations suggest clinicians ask all female patients in this age group screening \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv/ipvandsvscreening.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">questions\u003c/a>, like: Have you ever been emotionally or physically abused by your partner or someone important to you? And, within the last year, have you ever been hit, slapped, kicked or otherwise physically hurt by someone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a woman indicates that she has been the victim of such violence, the clinician should to refer the patient for more intensive, ongoing support services, according to the new guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handing a stack of brochures to a patient and suggesting she call a hotline phone number is not enough, said John Epling, a family physician in Roanoke, Virginia, who served on the task force that developed these recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody experiencing intimate partner violence would need lots of support figuring their options,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why weren’t men or seniors or other groups included in these screening recommendations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recommendations address intimate partner violence among adolescent and middle-aged women because the task force develops recommendations based on available research, Epling said. They acknowledge there is not enough evidence that assesses good screening practices to craft guidelines for men, seniors and vulnerable adult populations, even though it is a very common problem.[contextly_sidebar id=\"LpwI1Vg9g6FZYhBogzNZWmIPx9ZOdahX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more research in hand, he suggested the task force can revisit these issues in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will the guidelines help prevent violence?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health care system can go further, James said, especially with the understanding that victims of intimate partner violence aren’t always ready to disclose the abuse they face. She suggested a universal education approach where every patient, including men who might be committing or targeted by intimate partner violence, is told about the impact on one’s health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take time and more data and evidence to determine if these strategies lead to improved access to services for people who endure violence. Rather than waiting until physical and sexual abuse happen, James said these approaches could bolster efforts to prevent harm in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>If you are experiencing domestic violence, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Screening patients for intimate partner violence is the subject of updated recommendations issued by the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1540599200,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":863},"headData":{"title":"How Should Doctors Screen Patients for Intimate Partner Violence? | KQED","description":"Screening patients for intimate partner violence is the subject of updated recommendations issued by the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Should Doctors Screen Patients for Intimate Partner Violence?","datePublished":"2018-10-26T23:20:47.000Z","dateModified":"2018-10-27T00:13:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"445241 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=445241","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/10/26/how-should-doctors-screen-patients-for-intimate-partner-violence/","disqusTitle":"How Should Doctors Screen Patients for Intimate Partner Violence?","source":"Health","nprByline":"Laura Santhanam\u003cbr />PBS NewsHour","path":"/futureofyou/445241/how-should-doctors-screen-patients-for-intimate-partner-violence","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Throughout their lifetimes, one out of four women and one out of 10 men will experience some form of intimate partner violence, including rape, physical abuse and stalking, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/NISVS-StateReportFactsheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence survey\u003c/a> from 2010, the latest year with available data.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How doctors and nurses should screen patients for such intimate partner violence is the subject of updated recommendations issued Tuesday by the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force and \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2708121\">published\u003c/a> in the Journal of the American Medical Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best estimates likely under-represent the true scope and scale of intimate partner violence because victims often are afraid to disclose what has happened to them. Roughly two-thirds of women who have been abused said they remained fearful and concerned for their safety after the abuse, the CDC reported, and half of these women said they developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, which can cause further physical health consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the latest guidelines, physicians would ask women of reproductive age during appointments if they have experienced violence at the hands of someone they know. Women who indicate they have would then be referred for further services, such as \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1524838016637080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">counseling\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jwh.2015.5547\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">home visits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recommendations bolster a set of guidelines initially released in 2013. Guidelines are reviewed every five years to adapt standing practices to new evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the #MeToo era, advocates suggest that, anecdotally, they have seen more victims empowered to speak out about what has happened to them. In the last year, the Domestic Violence Hotline reported a 30-percent rise in calls, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/domestic-violence-hotline-me-too.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York Times reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the many #MeToo experiences revealed on social media, survivors of domestic violence often are not ready to go public in part because of stigma and the idea that domestic violence occurs in a relationship between two consenting adults rather than a situation bound by fear, abuse and threats. Lisa James, director of health at Futures Without Violence, credits the movement with inviting people to be “more comfortable with disclosure.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s all the more reason why we want to have health care providers there, ready and trained on how to open up that conversation,” James said. Making it a routine part of a health checkup may help relieve the onus on victims to protect themselves by speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a closer look at these recommendations and how they can help women at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s new about the guidelines?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females of reproductive age — between 15 and 44 years old — are at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754606\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">potential risk for abuse\u003c/a>, according to the guidelines. But other factors, including abuse during childhood, joblessness and difficulty paying bills, marital problems and substance use, raise the chances that a woman may endure violence from someone she knows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recommendations suggest clinicians ask all female patients in this age group screening \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv/ipvandsvscreening.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">questions\u003c/a>, like: Have you ever been emotionally or physically abused by your partner or someone important to you? And, within the last year, have you ever been hit, slapped, kicked or otherwise physically hurt by someone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a woman indicates that she has been the victim of such violence, the clinician should to refer the patient for more intensive, ongoing support services, according to the new guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handing a stack of brochures to a patient and suggesting she call a hotline phone number is not enough, said John Epling, a family physician in Roanoke, Virginia, who served on the task force that developed these recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody experiencing intimate partner violence would need lots of support figuring their options,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why weren’t men or seniors or other groups included in these screening recommendations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recommendations address intimate partner violence among adolescent and middle-aged women because the task force develops recommendations based on available research, Epling said. They acknowledge there is not enough evidence that assesses good screening practices to craft guidelines for men, seniors and vulnerable adult populations, even though it is a very common problem.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more research in hand, he suggested the task force can revisit these issues in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will the guidelines help prevent violence?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health care system can go further, James said, especially with the understanding that victims of intimate partner violence aren’t always ready to disclose the abuse they face. She suggested a universal education approach where every patient, including men who might be committing or targeted by intimate partner violence, is told about the impact on one’s health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take time and more data and evidence to determine if these strategies lead to improved access to services for people who endure violence. Rather than waiting until physical and sexual abuse happen, James said these approaches could bolster efforts to prevent harm in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>If you are experiencing domestic violence, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/445241/how-should-doctors-screen-patients-for-intimate-partner-violence","authors":["byline_futureofyou_445241"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1"],"tags":["futureofyou_817","futureofyou_204","futureofyou_276","futureofyou_275"],"featImg":"futureofyou_445244","label":"source_futureofyou_445241"},"futureofyou_445004":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_445004","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"445004","score":null,"sort":[1539268353000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"jewelry-laced-with-toxic-metal-showing-up-on-shelves-of-national-retailers","title":"Jewelry Laced With Toxic Metal Showing Up On Shelves of National Retailers","publishDate":1539268353,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Women’s Health | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Jewelry with the toxic metal cadmium is showing up on the shelves of national retailers including Ross, Nordstrom Rack and Papaya, according to newly released test results.[contextly_sidebar id=\"ALDsOv55bDFULA2So32zIuna6vUPT8ZY\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysis done for the nonprofit Center for Environmental Health revealed some jewelry sold with women’s dresses and shirts was nearly pure cadmium, which can cause cancer and reproductive harm after prolonged exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer advocates were hopeful cadmium had disappeared from the U.S. jewelry market following changes prompted by a 2010 Associated Press investigation that found Chinese manufacturers were using the metal to make kids’ jewelry. States including California outlawed cadmium in children’s jewelry, and testing by the center found the chemical had virtually disappeared from jewelry by 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No laws address cadmium in adult jewelry, however, and last year the center decided to check those products. Lab testing found 31 adult jewelry items purchased from retail stores were at least 40 percent cadmium, and most were more than 90 percent, according to results shared exclusively with the AP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s law allows no more than 0.03 percent cadmium in children’s jewelry. The precise health risk from the tested jewelry is unclear because researchers did not assess whether small amounts shed when the jewelry is handled and worn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, cadmium accumulates in the body and can damage the kidneys and bones. Most exposure happens by ingesting small amounts or by breathing it, most commonly through tobacco, which can contain cadmium. Researchers also have documented some absorption through skin contact, though the phenomenon is not well-studied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Harbut, a practicing doctor who as a university professor has researched cadmium’s cancer-causing properties, noted that contact can trigger skin rashes including psoriasis.[contextly_sidebar id=\"9G8nAOWjWB7rKBq3G09Isa3CXvUagJIr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cadmium is bad,” said Harbut, who teaches at Michigan State University’s College of Human Medicine. “Given a choice between wearing something with cadmium in it, or wearing something without cadmium in it, I would take the product without cadmium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based nonprofit bought all the test samples in the San Francisco Bay Area this year or last. The extent to which contaminated jewelry is in stores elsewhere isn’t clear, though a national retailer would not typically limit a product to just one region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center said the problem should not be underestimated because of the limited market sampling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re the person that buys and is wearing that jewelry, you don’t really care whether it’s a common problem or a rare problem,” said Caroline Cox, senior scientist at the center. “You have a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brent Cleaveland, executive director of the Fashion Jewelry and Accessories Trade Association, said he does not believe the test results suggest a larger problem. Most major retailers have a stringent system for testing and analyzing what they sell, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the tainted items were sold at Ross, which operates more than 1,400 stores in 38 states. One pendant from a necklace chain was 100 percent cadmium, according to the testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, Ross said it is committed to protecting its customers and has “addressed this issue with our supplier.” The retailer would not say whether it pulled suspect jewelry from stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brands found with high cadmium levels in Ross stores include Tacera and Vibe Sportswear.[contextly_sidebar id=\"2hYrwgIWmBjwxEyj6CkS5HFRDE3kS5EJ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xinwei Xie, chief executive officer at Trend Textile Inc., which owns Tacera, declined to comment when reached by phone. The Skate Group Inc., which owns Vibe Sportswear, did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Papaya said it considers cadmium in its products a serious problem. It operates more than 100 retail locations nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Kim, an attorney representing Papaya, said the company has recalled the products where contamination was found and stopped buying from the manufacturer in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our manufacturers are required to represent and warrant that their products are in legal compliance,” Kim said. “Papaya is very strict and stops doing business with any manufacturer which fails to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nordstrom spokeswoman Emily Sterken said the company is “reaching out to these vendors to make them aware of the situation and get more information on these items.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Environmental Health has long used California law to force companies to reduce levels of harmful materials in consumer products, including cadmium and lead in jewelry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the state’s Proposition 65, businesses must inform consumers about significant exposures to chemicals that cause cancer or other reproductive harm. The nonprofit has settled Proposition 65 claims against 36 companies, including Gap Inc. and Target Corp., which agreed to not sell jewelry with more than 0.03 percent cadmium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That limit for children’s jewelry took effect after the AP reported in 2010 that some Chinese jewelry manufacturers were substituting cadmium for lead, the use of which Congress clamped down on following a string of imported-product safety scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jewelry industry helped write voluntary U.S. standards following the AP investigation, but the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission did not mandate any cadmium limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writer Justin Pritchard contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Analysis has revealed some jewelry sold with women’s dresses and shirts was nearly pure cadmium, which can cause cancer and reproductive harm after prolonged exposure.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1539268414,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":877},"headData":{"title":"Jewelry Laced With Toxic Metal Showing Up On Shelves of National Retailers | KQED","description":"Analysis has revealed some jewelry sold with women’s dresses and shirts was nearly pure cadmium, which can cause cancer and reproductive harm after prolonged exposure.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Jewelry Laced With Toxic Metal Showing Up On Shelves of National Retailers","datePublished":"2018-10-11T14:32:33.000Z","dateModified":"2018-10-11T14:33:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"445004 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=445004","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/10/11/jewelry-laced-with-toxic-metal-showing-up-on-shelves-of-national-retailers/","disqusTitle":"Jewelry Laced With Toxic Metal Showing Up On Shelves of National Retailers","source":"Health","nprByline":"Ariel Tu\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/futureofyou/445004/jewelry-laced-with-toxic-metal-showing-up-on-shelves-of-national-retailers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jewelry with the toxic metal cadmium is showing up on the shelves of national retailers including Ross, Nordstrom Rack and Papaya, according to newly released test results.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysis done for the nonprofit Center for Environmental Health revealed some jewelry sold with women’s dresses and shirts was nearly pure cadmium, which can cause cancer and reproductive harm after prolonged exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer advocates were hopeful cadmium had disappeared from the U.S. jewelry market following changes prompted by a 2010 Associated Press investigation that found Chinese manufacturers were using the metal to make kids’ jewelry. States including California outlawed cadmium in children’s jewelry, and testing by the center found the chemical had virtually disappeared from jewelry by 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No laws address cadmium in adult jewelry, however, and last year the center decided to check those products. Lab testing found 31 adult jewelry items purchased from retail stores were at least 40 percent cadmium, and most were more than 90 percent, according to results shared exclusively with the AP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s law allows no more than 0.03 percent cadmium in children’s jewelry. The precise health risk from the tested jewelry is unclear because researchers did not assess whether small amounts shed when the jewelry is handled and worn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, cadmium accumulates in the body and can damage the kidneys and bones. Most exposure happens by ingesting small amounts or by breathing it, most commonly through tobacco, which can contain cadmium. Researchers also have documented some absorption through skin contact, though the phenomenon is not well-studied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Harbut, a practicing doctor who as a university professor has researched cadmium’s cancer-causing properties, noted that contact can trigger skin rashes including psoriasis.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cadmium is bad,” said Harbut, who teaches at Michigan State University’s College of Human Medicine. “Given a choice between wearing something with cadmium in it, or wearing something without cadmium in it, I would take the product without cadmium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based nonprofit bought all the test samples in the San Francisco Bay Area this year or last. The extent to which contaminated jewelry is in stores elsewhere isn’t clear, though a national retailer would not typically limit a product to just one region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center said the problem should not be underestimated because of the limited market sampling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re the person that buys and is wearing that jewelry, you don’t really care whether it’s a common problem or a rare problem,” said Caroline Cox, senior scientist at the center. “You have a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brent Cleaveland, executive director of the Fashion Jewelry and Accessories Trade Association, said he does not believe the test results suggest a larger problem. Most major retailers have a stringent system for testing and analyzing what they sell, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the tainted items were sold at Ross, which operates more than 1,400 stores in 38 states. One pendant from a necklace chain was 100 percent cadmium, according to the testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, Ross said it is committed to protecting its customers and has “addressed this issue with our supplier.” The retailer would not say whether it pulled suspect jewelry from stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brands found with high cadmium levels in Ross stores include Tacera and Vibe Sportswear.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xinwei Xie, chief executive officer at Trend Textile Inc., which owns Tacera, declined to comment when reached by phone. The Skate Group Inc., which owns Vibe Sportswear, did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Papaya said it considers cadmium in its products a serious problem. It operates more than 100 retail locations nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Kim, an attorney representing Papaya, said the company has recalled the products where contamination was found and stopped buying from the manufacturer in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our manufacturers are required to represent and warrant that their products are in legal compliance,” Kim said. “Papaya is very strict and stops doing business with any manufacturer which fails to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nordstrom spokeswoman Emily Sterken said the company is “reaching out to these vendors to make them aware of the situation and get more information on these items.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Environmental Health has long used California law to force companies to reduce levels of harmful materials in consumer products, including cadmium and lead in jewelry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the state’s Proposition 65, businesses must inform consumers about significant exposures to chemicals that cause cancer or other reproductive harm. The nonprofit has settled Proposition 65 claims against 36 companies, including Gap Inc. and Target Corp., which agreed to not sell jewelry with more than 0.03 percent cadmium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That limit for children’s jewelry took effect after the AP reported in 2010 that some Chinese jewelry manufacturers were substituting cadmium for lead, the use of which Congress clamped down on following a string of imported-product safety scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jewelry industry helped write voluntary U.S. standards following the AP investigation, but the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission did not mandate any cadmium limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writer Justin Pritchard contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/445004/jewelry-laced-with-toxic-metal-showing-up-on-shelves-of-national-retailers","authors":["byline_futureofyou_445004"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_1624","futureofyou_1619","futureofyou_275"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_445007","label":"source_futureofyou_445004"},"futureofyou_444026":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_444026","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"444026","score":null,"sort":[1534968025000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-cervical-cancer-screening-women-over-30-can-now-choose-hpv-test-only","title":"For Cervical Cancer Screening, Women Over 30 Can Now Choose HPV Test Only","publishDate":1534968025,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Women’s Health | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Federal health advisers say women can now consider three options when it's time for their cervical cancer screening tests. The influential group, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, has expanded its recommendations for this potentially lifesaving exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new recommendations \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2018.10897\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are published\u003c/a> in the latest issue of \u003cem>JAMA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0022605/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pap smears\u003c/a> have saved many lives since they became available decades ago. Inspecting samples of cervical tissue for precancerous changes is effective at catching possible cancer and is still the go-to test for women ages 21 to 29, according to the USPSTF guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's another option. \"Most cervical cancer is caused by what's called the human papillomavirus, or HPV,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/douglas-owens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Douglas Owens\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at Stanford University and vice chair of the USPSTF. \"And we now have tests for HPV and that's an important step forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tests are available alone or in combination with the Pap test. And the USPSTF now says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/07/03/625696664/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the evidence\u003c/a> is strong enough that HPV tests can be used by themselves, for women over 30. That third choice expands on the task force's previous recommendation, which was for the Pap test or the combination test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Pap tests should be repeated every three years, women can wait five years between HPV tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Five years is a good balance between the benefits and harms,\" Owens says. \"It's still highly effective at detecting cancer, and screening more frequently than that may increase some of the potential harms, so we think that's a good interval.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential harms of too frequent screening include unnecessary follow-ups such as biopsies. In a draft recommendation released last year, the task force had considered suggesting just two options, either the Pap smear or the HPV test, but its final recommendation included the hybrid test too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The HPV test alone is not available everywhere,\" Owens explains. \"And so we want to be sure that women no matter where they're receiving care have options for cervical cancer screening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the combination test is widely available, as is the Pap test, \"so all of those are good options and a woman can discuss with her physician what's available at the place where she's receiving care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women may not notice the difference between tests because tissue samples are all collected the same way. But \u003ca href=\"http://pressroom.cancer.org/debbiesaslow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Debbie Saslow\u003c/a>, senior director for HPV-related and women's cancers at the American Cancer Society, says if women have a choice, she would recommend the HPV test for women over 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I truly believe that including the HPV test, either along with the Pap or instead of the Pap, is superior than the Pap alone,\" she says. There's some evidence the HPV test is better than the Pap test at detecting a less common form of cervical cancer, adenocarcinoma, she says. \"So wouldn't you rather find the two most common cancers instead of just the one most common type?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force emphasizes that all three tests are highly effective. The overarching recommendation is simply that women should get screened, and to do so regularly until the age of 65. If screening has been adequate up to that point, the task force says women do not need further cervical cancer screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials also recommend the HPV vaccine, which is given to girls and young women, up to age 26. (Boys and young men are encouraged to get the HPV vaccine as well.) But Owens says a vaccine alone doesn't replace cervical cancer screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our recommendation applies to everyone whether you've been vaccinated or not,\" he says. \"It's very important that women do not forgo screening because they've been vaccinated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An effective vaccine could ultimately render cervical cancer screening unnecessary, but that change will require careful study and could be years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can reach Richard Harris at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:rharris@npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rharris@npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+Cervical+Cancer+Screening%2C+Women+Over+30+Can+Now+Choose+The+HPV+Test+Only&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"HPV testing is now seen as equally effective as Pap tests for cervical cancer screening. An influential federal advisory group has changed guidelines for how women over 30 should get tested. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1534966663,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":665},"headData":{"title":"For Cervical Cancer Screening, Women Over 30 Can Now Choose HPV Test Only | KQED","description":"HPV testing is now seen as equally effective as Pap tests for cervical cancer screening. An influential federal advisory group has changed guidelines for how women over 30 should get tested. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"For Cervical Cancer Screening, Women Over 30 Can Now Choose HPV Test Only","datePublished":"2018-08-22T20:00:25.000Z","dateModified":"2018-08-22T19:37:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"444026 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=444026","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/08/22/for-cervical-cancer-screening-women-over-30-can-now-choose-hpv-test-only/","disqusTitle":"For Cervical Cancer Screening, Women Over 30 Can Now Choose HPV Test Only","source":"Health","nprImageCredit":"Science Photo Library","nprByline":"Richard Harris, NPR","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"640514865","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=640514865&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/08/21/640514865/for-cervical-cancer-screening-women-over-30-can-now-choose-the-hpv-test-only?ft=nprml&f=640514865","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 21 Aug 2018 21:50:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 21 Aug 2018 11:03:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 21 Aug 2018 17:17:42 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/08/20180821_atc_for_cervical_cancer_screening_women_over_30_can_now_choose_the_hpv_test_only.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=234&p=2&story=640514865&ft=nprml&f=640514865","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1640630633-193947.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=234&p=2&story=640514865&ft=nprml&f=640514865","audioTrackLength":235,"path":"/futureofyou/444026/for-cervical-cancer-screening-women-over-30-can-now-choose-hpv-test-only","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/08/20180821_atc_for_cervical_cancer_screening_women_over_30_can_now_choose_the_hpv_test_only.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=234&p=2&story=640514865&ft=nprml&f=640514865","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal health advisers say women can now consider three options when it's time for their cervical cancer screening tests. The influential group, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, has expanded its recommendations for this potentially lifesaving exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new recommendations \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2018.10897\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are published\u003c/a> in the latest issue of \u003cem>JAMA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0022605/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pap smears\u003c/a> have saved many lives since they became available decades ago. Inspecting samples of cervical tissue for precancerous changes is effective at catching possible cancer and is still the go-to test for women ages 21 to 29, according to the USPSTF guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's another option. \"Most cervical cancer is caused by what's called the human papillomavirus, or HPV,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/douglas-owens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Douglas Owens\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at Stanford University and vice chair of the USPSTF. \"And we now have tests for HPV and that's an important step forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tests are available alone or in combination with the Pap test. And the USPSTF now says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/07/03/625696664/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the evidence\u003c/a> is strong enough that HPV tests can be used by themselves, for women over 30. That third choice expands on the task force's previous recommendation, which was for the Pap test or the combination test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Pap tests should be repeated every three years, women can wait five years between HPV tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Five years is a good balance between the benefits and harms,\" Owens says. \"It's still highly effective at detecting cancer, and screening more frequently than that may increase some of the potential harms, so we think that's a good interval.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential harms of too frequent screening include unnecessary follow-ups such as biopsies. In a draft recommendation released last year, the task force had considered suggesting just two options, either the Pap smear or the HPV test, but its final recommendation included the hybrid test too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The HPV test alone is not available everywhere,\" Owens explains. \"And so we want to be sure that women no matter where they're receiving care have options for cervical cancer screening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the combination test is widely available, as is the Pap test, \"so all of those are good options and a woman can discuss with her physician what's available at the place where she's receiving care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women may not notice the difference between tests because tissue samples are all collected the same way. But \u003ca href=\"http://pressroom.cancer.org/debbiesaslow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Debbie Saslow\u003c/a>, senior director for HPV-related and women's cancers at the American Cancer Society, says if women have a choice, she would recommend the HPV test for women over 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I truly believe that including the HPV test, either along with the Pap or instead of the Pap, is superior than the Pap alone,\" she says. There's some evidence the HPV test is better than the Pap test at detecting a less common form of cervical cancer, adenocarcinoma, she says. \"So wouldn't you rather find the two most common cancers instead of just the one most common type?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force emphasizes that all three tests are highly effective. The overarching recommendation is simply that women should get screened, and to do so regularly until the age of 65. If screening has been adequate up to that point, the task force says women do not need further cervical cancer screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials also recommend the HPV vaccine, which is given to girls and young women, up to age 26. (Boys and young men are encouraged to get the HPV vaccine as well.) But Owens says a vaccine alone doesn't replace cervical cancer screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our recommendation applies to everyone whether you've been vaccinated or not,\" he says. \"It's very important that women do not forgo screening because they've been vaccinated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An effective vaccine could ultimately render cervical cancer screening unnecessary, but that change will require careful study and could be years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can reach Richard Harris at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:rharris@npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rharris@npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+Cervical+Cancer+Screening%2C+Women+Over+30+Can+Now+Choose+The+HPV+Test+Only&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/444026/for-cervical-cancer-screening-women-over-30-can-now-choose-hpv-test-only","authors":["byline_futureofyou_444026"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_213","futureofyou_1597","futureofyou_218","futureofyou_275"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_444027","label":"source_futureofyou_444026"},"futureofyou_443213":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_443213","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"443213","score":null,"sort":[1530903608000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear","title":"For Women Over 30, There May Be A Better Choice Than The Pap Smear","publishDate":1530903608,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Women’s Health | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>For most women under 65, a visit to the gynecologist often includes an unpleasant necessity: a Pap smear to check for cervical cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test involves letting a doctor or nurse scrape cells from the back of the cervix, which are visually inspected for signs of abnormality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another way to screen for cervical cancer risk, by directly testing for the human papillomavirus, or HPV, which causes 99 percent of cervical cancer. \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2018.7464\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> A study published in JAMA\u003c/a> Tuesday suggests that method might be preferable for women age 30 and over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA in 2014 approved the first HPV test, which tests cervical cells for the presence of HPV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HPV testing also can be done on samples of vaginal and cervical secretions that clinicians or women themselves gather with a swab — a less invasive process than the Pap. That process was shown to be accurate in multiple studies but is not yet used in clinical practice in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study, called the HPV FOCAL trial, compared the HPV test with traditional Pap smear screening among 19,000 Canadian women over four years. It adds to a body of research suggesting that HPV testing might be more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In our world this study is going to be a pretty big deal, in a good way,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/kathleen_schmeler.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Kathleen Schmeler\u003c/a>, a gynecologic oncologist at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmeler says that in the U.S., it has been hard to justify replacing the Pap smear with the HPV test because there has not been a head-to-head comparison until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is not resolved. Some are still skeptical of relying on HPV testing alone, and co-testing, or using both the HPV test and a Pap smear, is still the standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cervical cancer screening is essential because nearly \u003ca href=\"https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/DataViz.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13,000 women in the U.S. are diagnosed with cervical cancer\u003c/a> annually. More than 4,000 women die from it, even with screening and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current screening guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend women ages 30 to 65 have a Pap smear every three years, or every five years if an HPV test is done at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/draft-recommendation-statement/cervical-cancer-screening2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">draft recommendations issued last fall by USPSTF\u003c/a> recommended just one or the other — a Pap smear or an HPV test — instead of co-testing for women 30 and up. The organization has yet to issue final guidelines. This new study could prove important in deciding practice guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the HPV FOCAL trial, some women received HPV testing and some had a Pap smear; those in the Pap smear group who tested negative had a second Pap after two years. Both groups were tested again using both methods after four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither method was foolproof. The final round of co-testing found additional abnormal cells in some women who originally tested negative in both groups. Women who originally had the Pap smear were more than twice as likely to have abnormal cells. Of the women who tested negative on the HPV test only 22 women showed abnormal cells (grade 3 or worse), while from the Pap smear group, 52 women ended up with abnormal cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What our study shows is that by using HPV testing, we detect precancerous lesions earlier,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.spph.ubc.ca/person/gina-ogilvie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lead author Dr. Gina Ogilvie\u003c/a>. \"If women have a negative HPV test, they are significantly less likely to have a precancerous lesion four years later, meaning we can extend screening time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogilvie, a professor of medicine at the University of British Columbia, says this study shows that the real value of co-testing actually comes from the HPV test, not the Pap smear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies like this one could lead to a change in guidelines, according to Dr. Chris Zahn, the vice president of practice for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This study adds evidence to those that evaluated use of HPV as a primary screening modality, and the findings support the use of HPV only as a primary screen,\" he wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if guidelines do change for women over 30, the Pap smear is still important for women ages 21-29. They can't rely on HPV testing, Schmeler says, because almost everyone in that age group will contract HPV, and in many cases it goes away on its own. If the virus persists until their 30s, that's where problems come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you tested everyone for HPV in their 20s, they are almost all going to be positive, but there's going to be all of this intervention that's not needed,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moving away from co-testing may not be a good idea, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.colposcopycenter.com/MeetDrMarkSpitzer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Spitzer\u003c/a>, an OB-GYN and past president of American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. He wrote in an email that this new study actually shows the small but significant benefit of co-testing. He cites the small group of women who had abnormal cells discovered through a Pap smear at the end of the study period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the U.S., co-testing is currently the recommended gold standard, and neither doctors nor their patients should be willing to give up the added benefit you get from screening with a Pap test and HPV test together,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/family-medicine/diane-m-harper-md-mph-ms\">Dr. Diane Harper,\u003c/a> a professor of medicine who researches HPV at the University of Michigan, argues that the study was \"extraordinarily well done\" and moving away from co-testing could result in a decrease of false positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole reason for [co-testing] is that you get a slight improvement in sensitivity,\" Harper says. \"But your false positive rate blows up. It's up to 30 percent of people [who] are falsely positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who have a positive Pap smear generally get a colposcopy, which is an even closer \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colposcopy/about/pac-20385036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">examination of the cervix, vagina and vulva \u003c/a>for signs of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A false positive could mean going through a biopsy during a colposcopy. Biopsies come with risks like bleeding, infection and pelvic pain, according to the Mayo Clinic. Harper says false positives bring unnecessary costs and fears to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a lot of women that are unnecessarily worried,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women can get a clear result from a simple HPV test and those who receive a negative result will be able to trust those results for several years, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really amazing — there's no other test that gives us this level of reassurance for that period of time for a cancer,\" Harper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pap smears rely on the human eye to get results, she says, and it's far preferable to detect problems on a molecular level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One caution about the study findings, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.uclahealth.org/carol-mangione\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Carol Mangione\u003c/a>, a USPSTF task force member and UCLA professor of medicine, is that screening — either kind — is what saves lives. She says the method of testing comes second to being sure that all women, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/11/556895389/could-making-cancer-screening-simpler-increase-womens-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">especially high-prevalence groups like black and Hispanic women\u003c/a>, are able to get the testing they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most cases of cervical cancer happen in women who have not been regularly screened, or who have been screened, but don't have access to appropriate treatment,\" she says. \"When we think about cervical cancer screening, we want to think about it in the framework of how do we get this test in the hands of all women?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+Women+Over+30%2C+There+May+Be+A+Better+Choice+Than+The+Pap+Smear&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new study adds weight to the evidence that an HPV test can more accurately test for cervical cancer risk than a Pap smear.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1530854262,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1255},"headData":{"title":"For Women Over 30, There May Be A Better Choice Than The Pap Smear | KQED","description":"A new study adds weight to the evidence that an HPV test can more accurately test for cervical cancer risk than a Pap smear.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"For Women Over 30, There May Be A Better Choice Than The Pap Smear","datePublished":"2018-07-06T19:00:08.000Z","dateModified":"2018-07-06T05:17:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"443213 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=443213","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/07/06/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear/","disqusTitle":"For Women Over 30, There May Be A Better Choice Than The Pap Smear","source":"Health","nprByline":"Sara Kiley Watson, NPR","nprImageAgency":"BSIP/UIG via Getty Images ","nprStoryId":"625696664","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=625696664&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/07/03/625696664/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear?ft=nprml&f=625696664","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 05 Jul 2018 16:51:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 03 Jul 2018 14:48:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 05 Jul 2018 16:51:30 -0400","path":"/futureofyou/443213/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For most women under 65, a visit to the gynecologist often includes an unpleasant necessity: a Pap smear to check for cervical cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test involves letting a doctor or nurse scrape cells from the back of the cervix, which are visually inspected for signs of abnormality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another way to screen for cervical cancer risk, by directly testing for the human papillomavirus, or HPV, which causes 99 percent of cervical cancer. \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2018.7464\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> A study published in JAMA\u003c/a> Tuesday suggests that method might be preferable for women age 30 and over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA in 2014 approved the first HPV test, which tests cervical cells for the presence of HPV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HPV testing also can be done on samples of vaginal and cervical secretions that clinicians or women themselves gather with a swab — a less invasive process than the Pap. That process was shown to be accurate in multiple studies but is not yet used in clinical practice in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study, called the HPV FOCAL trial, compared the HPV test with traditional Pap smear screening among 19,000 Canadian women over four years. It adds to a body of research suggesting that HPV testing might be more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In our world this study is going to be a pretty big deal, in a good way,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/kathleen_schmeler.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Kathleen Schmeler\u003c/a>, a gynecologic oncologist at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmeler says that in the U.S., it has been hard to justify replacing the Pap smear with the HPV test because there has not been a head-to-head comparison until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is not resolved. Some are still skeptical of relying on HPV testing alone, and co-testing, or using both the HPV test and a Pap smear, is still the standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cervical cancer screening is essential because nearly \u003ca href=\"https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/DataViz.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13,000 women in the U.S. are diagnosed with cervical cancer\u003c/a> annually. More than 4,000 women die from it, even with screening and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current screening guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend women ages 30 to 65 have a Pap smear every three years, or every five years if an HPV test is done at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/draft-recommendation-statement/cervical-cancer-screening2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">draft recommendations issued last fall by USPSTF\u003c/a> recommended just one or the other — a Pap smear or an HPV test — instead of co-testing for women 30 and up. The organization has yet to issue final guidelines. This new study could prove important in deciding practice guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the HPV FOCAL trial, some women received HPV testing and some had a Pap smear; those in the Pap smear group who tested negative had a second Pap after two years. Both groups were tested again using both methods after four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither method was foolproof. The final round of co-testing found additional abnormal cells in some women who originally tested negative in both groups. Women who originally had the Pap smear were more than twice as likely to have abnormal cells. Of the women who tested negative on the HPV test only 22 women showed abnormal cells (grade 3 or worse), while from the Pap smear group, 52 women ended up with abnormal cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What our study shows is that by using HPV testing, we detect precancerous lesions earlier,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.spph.ubc.ca/person/gina-ogilvie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lead author Dr. Gina Ogilvie\u003c/a>. \"If women have a negative HPV test, they are significantly less likely to have a precancerous lesion four years later, meaning we can extend screening time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogilvie, a professor of medicine at the University of British Columbia, says this study shows that the real value of co-testing actually comes from the HPV test, not the Pap smear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies like this one could lead to a change in guidelines, according to Dr. Chris Zahn, the vice president of practice for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This study adds evidence to those that evaluated use of HPV as a primary screening modality, and the findings support the use of HPV only as a primary screen,\" he wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if guidelines do change for women over 30, the Pap smear is still important for women ages 21-29. They can't rely on HPV testing, Schmeler says, because almost everyone in that age group will contract HPV, and in many cases it goes away on its own. If the virus persists until their 30s, that's where problems come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you tested everyone for HPV in their 20s, they are almost all going to be positive, but there's going to be all of this intervention that's not needed,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moving away from co-testing may not be a good idea, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.colposcopycenter.com/MeetDrMarkSpitzer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Spitzer\u003c/a>, an OB-GYN and past president of American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. He wrote in an email that this new study actually shows the small but significant benefit of co-testing. He cites the small group of women who had abnormal cells discovered through a Pap smear at the end of the study period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the U.S., co-testing is currently the recommended gold standard, and neither doctors nor their patients should be willing to give up the added benefit you get from screening with a Pap test and HPV test together,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/family-medicine/diane-m-harper-md-mph-ms\">Dr. Diane Harper,\u003c/a> a professor of medicine who researches HPV at the University of Michigan, argues that the study was \"extraordinarily well done\" and moving away from co-testing could result in a decrease of false positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole reason for [co-testing] is that you get a slight improvement in sensitivity,\" Harper says. \"But your false positive rate blows up. It's up to 30 percent of people [who] are falsely positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who have a positive Pap smear generally get a colposcopy, which is an even closer \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colposcopy/about/pac-20385036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">examination of the cervix, vagina and vulva \u003c/a>for signs of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A false positive could mean going through a biopsy during a colposcopy. Biopsies come with risks like bleeding, infection and pelvic pain, according to the Mayo Clinic. Harper says false positives bring unnecessary costs and fears to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a lot of women that are unnecessarily worried,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women can get a clear result from a simple HPV test and those who receive a negative result will be able to trust those results for several years, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really amazing — there's no other test that gives us this level of reassurance for that period of time for a cancer,\" Harper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pap smears rely on the human eye to get results, she says, and it's far preferable to detect problems on a molecular level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One caution about the study findings, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.uclahealth.org/carol-mangione\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Carol Mangione\u003c/a>, a USPSTF task force member and UCLA professor of medicine, is that screening — either kind — is what saves lives. She says the method of testing comes second to being sure that all women, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/11/556895389/could-making-cancer-screening-simpler-increase-womens-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">especially high-prevalence groups like black and Hispanic women\u003c/a>, are able to get the testing they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most cases of cervical cancer happen in women who have not been regularly screened, or who have been screened, but don't have access to appropriate treatment,\" she says. \"When we think about cervical cancer screening, we want to think about it in the framework of how do we get this test in the hands of all women?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+Women+Over+30%2C+There+May+Be+A+Better+Choice+Than+The+Pap+Smear&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/443213/for-women-over-30-there-may-be-a-better-choice-than-the-pap-smear","authors":["byline_futureofyou_443213"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_190","futureofyou_1056","futureofyou_214","futureofyou_275"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_443214","label":"source_futureofyou_443213"},"futureofyou_440766":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_440766","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"440766","score":null,"sort":[1523559658000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"male-ob-gyns-are-rare-but-is-that-a-problem","title":"Male OB-GYNs Are Rare, But Is That A Problem?","publishDate":1523559658,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>As she leaves a 12-hour-day on the labor and delivery shift, Dr. Katie Merriam turns off her pager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what I'd do without it, you know? It's another limb. I always know where it is,\" she says and laughs.[contextly_sidebar id=\"YNjmmIvrIhdA4E5WvQFE9ShsbCebY22H\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third-year resident in obstetrics and gynecology at the Carolinas Medical Center hospital in Charlotte, N.C., works in a medical specialty dominated by women, treating women. Merriam says she feels a special connection to her patients.\"You just, you can feel what they feel and understand why they feel certain ways. I do feel a special bond,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, 82 percent of doctors \u003ca href=\"https://m.acog.org/~/media/BB3A7629943642ADA47058D0BDCD1521.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">matching into OB-GYN residency programs\u003c/a> are women. Many OB-GYN patients say they prefer female doctors. Merriam's residency class is a bit of an anomaly — half of its members are men. Though it's nice to work with so many women, Merriam says, she and some of her female colleagues also like the perspective that men bring to the work environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one could really pinpoint about what balance they bring, but there's something nice about having them,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xxd0pnJ8BiRSq6Um262jL74IFF2B4Gk9\"]It's important to have men in the field, she says, if only to continue to give patients options in their choice of providers. But most of her friends and other women she talks to, she says, want female doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blake Butterworth, a fourth-year obstetrics and gynecology resident at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, says he doesn't take it personally when he hears that sort of thing from a patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't get discouraged; I don't get offended,\" Butterworth says. \"I gladly hand that patient off.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's one of only two male residents in the program of 24 at MUSC and says he finds it rewarding when he can win a new patient's confidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have patients that clearly express disdain to have to see a guy,\" he says. \"Then I develop rapport with her. And she says, 'I expected you to be x-y-z, and you were better than that.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterworth says he chose obstetrics and gynecology because it lets him develop long-term relationships with patients — providing routine OB-GYN care and more complicated surgeries if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you really get into it, and get involved in it, I don't think that bias [that the field is best left to women] holds true,\" he says.[contextly_sidebar id=\"JAYbqyJrlg0qXG2TGj01PA9aZ68oHdWG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterworth believes it is incumbent on male OB-GYNs to talk to male medical students about the benefits of having men in the field. Students need to know it's OK to have an interest in the field, he says, and that they will find work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, says \u003ca href=\"http://academicdepartments.musc.edu/facultydirectory/Savage-Ashlyn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Ashlyn Savage \u003c/a>, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at MUSC, it may be the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an effort to really diversify the applicant pool, we will apply in some cases different screening standards to decide who we are going to interview,\" Savage says. \"For example, we might consider an applicant with a slightly lower board score — just to enhance how many men we are interviewing and considering.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been a challenge to find male OB-GYNs for the program, she says. The gender that at one time dominated the field is now at some schools considered a diversity hire. But Savage questions whether balancing the number of men and women in the specialty is as important as racial or ethnic diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The interesting thing to me is the primary motivation to [seek a diverse candidate pool] is so that patients have the opportunity to seek out physicians who might ... feel like themselves,\" she says. \"In this particular case ... all of the patients for OB-GYNs are women.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"SJnnFVMkAgJrTRRKA7yFicLNPD1xw46Z\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among practicing OB-GYNs in the U.S., a \u003ca href=\"https://www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/The-Ob-Gyn-Workforce/The-Obstetrician-Gynecologist-Workforce-in-the-United-States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">little less than half are men\u003c/a>, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. But ACOG predicts that 10 years from now, two-thirds of the doctors in that specialty will be female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, male doctors hold a lot of the key positions in OB-GYN professional organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Leadership tends to be held by people who are older,\" Savage says. \"And we are still in a scenario where [more of] our older faculty tend to be men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Abstract/2017/10000/Geographic_Comparison_of_Women_in_Academic.26.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study \u003c/a> published last fall found the women are underrepresented in leadership roles in medical school departments of obstetrics and gynecology all around the country. That ratio was most lopsided in men's favor in the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's perhaps only a matter of time before that, too, changes. Savage says she just learned that her program's incoming class of OB-GYN residents next year will be all female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR's reporting partnership with WFAE and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Kaiser Health News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 WFAE. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.wfae.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WFAE\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Male+OB-GYNs+Are+Rare%2C+But+Is+That+A+Problem%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Heads of training programs now wonder if they should go out of their way to recruit more men.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1523557947,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":830},"headData":{"title":"Male OB-GYNs Are Rare, But Is That A Problem? | KQED","description":"Heads of training programs now wonder if they should go out of their way to recruit more men.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Male OB-GYNs Are Rare, But Is That A Problem?","datePublished":"2018-04-12T19:00:58.000Z","dateModified":"2018-04-12T18:32:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"440766 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440766","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/04/12/male-ob-gyns-are-rare-but-is-that-a-problem/","disqusTitle":"Male OB-GYNs Are Rare, But Is That A Problem?","source":"Health","nprByline":"Alex Olgin\u003cbr />NPR Shots","nprImageAgency":"Alex Olgin/WFAE","nprStoryId":"596396698","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=596396698&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/04/12/596396698/male-ob-gyns-are-rare-but-is-that-a-problem?ft=nprml&f=596396698","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 12 Apr 2018 10:51:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 12 Apr 2018 05:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 12 Apr 2018 10:51:12 -0400","path":"/futureofyou/440766/male-ob-gyns-are-rare-but-is-that-a-problem","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As she leaves a 12-hour-day on the labor and delivery shift, Dr. Katie Merriam turns off her pager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what I'd do without it, you know? It's another limb. I always know where it is,\" she says and laughs.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third-year resident in obstetrics and gynecology at the Carolinas Medical Center hospital in Charlotte, N.C., works in a medical specialty dominated by women, treating women. Merriam says she feels a special connection to her patients.\"You just, you can feel what they feel and understand why they feel certain ways. I do feel a special bond,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, 82 percent of doctors \u003ca href=\"https://m.acog.org/~/media/BB3A7629943642ADA47058D0BDCD1521.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">matching into OB-GYN residency programs\u003c/a> are women. Many OB-GYN patients say they prefer female doctors. Merriam's residency class is a bit of an anomaly — half of its members are men. Though it's nice to work with so many women, Merriam says, she and some of her female colleagues also like the perspective that men bring to the work environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one could really pinpoint about what balance they bring, but there's something nice about having them,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>It's important to have men in the field, she says, if only to continue to give patients options in their choice of providers. But most of her friends and other women she talks to, she says, want female doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blake Butterworth, a fourth-year obstetrics and gynecology resident at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, says he doesn't take it personally when he hears that sort of thing from a patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't get discouraged; I don't get offended,\" Butterworth says. \"I gladly hand that patient off.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's one of only two male residents in the program of 24 at MUSC and says he finds it rewarding when he can win a new patient's confidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have patients that clearly express disdain to have to see a guy,\" he says. \"Then I develop rapport with her. And she says, 'I expected you to be x-y-z, and you were better than that.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterworth says he chose obstetrics and gynecology because it lets him develop long-term relationships with patients — providing routine OB-GYN care and more complicated surgeries if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you really get into it, and get involved in it, I don't think that bias [that the field is best left to women] holds true,\" he says.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterworth believes it is incumbent on male OB-GYNs to talk to male medical students about the benefits of having men in the field. Students need to know it's OK to have an interest in the field, he says, and that they will find work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, says \u003ca href=\"http://academicdepartments.musc.edu/facultydirectory/Savage-Ashlyn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Ashlyn Savage \u003c/a>, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at MUSC, it may be the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an effort to really diversify the applicant pool, we will apply in some cases different screening standards to decide who we are going to interview,\" Savage says. \"For example, we might consider an applicant with a slightly lower board score — just to enhance how many men we are interviewing and considering.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been a challenge to find male OB-GYNs for the program, she says. The gender that at one time dominated the field is now at some schools considered a diversity hire. But Savage questions whether balancing the number of men and women in the specialty is as important as racial or ethnic diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The interesting thing to me is the primary motivation to [seek a diverse candidate pool] is so that patients have the opportunity to seek out physicians who might ... feel like themselves,\" she says. \"In this particular case ... all of the patients for OB-GYNs are women.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among practicing OB-GYNs in the U.S., a \u003ca href=\"https://www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/The-Ob-Gyn-Workforce/The-Obstetrician-Gynecologist-Workforce-in-the-United-States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">little less than half are men\u003c/a>, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. But ACOG predicts that 10 years from now, two-thirds of the doctors in that specialty will be female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, male doctors hold a lot of the key positions in OB-GYN professional organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Leadership tends to be held by people who are older,\" Savage says. \"And we are still in a scenario where [more of] our older faculty tend to be men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Abstract/2017/10000/Geographic_Comparison_of_Women_in_Academic.26.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study \u003c/a> published last fall found the women are underrepresented in leadership roles in medical school departments of obstetrics and gynecology all around the country. That ratio was most lopsided in men's favor in the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's perhaps only a matter of time before that, too, changes. Savage says she just learned that her program's incoming class of OB-GYN residents next year will be all female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR's reporting partnership with WFAE and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Kaiser Health News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 WFAE. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.wfae.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WFAE\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Male+OB-GYNs+Are+Rare%2C+But+Is+That+A+Problem%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/440766/male-ob-gyns-are-rare-but-is-that-a-problem","authors":["byline_futureofyou_440766"],"categories":["futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_190","futureofyou_1182","futureofyou_61","futureofyou_595","futureofyou_275"],"featImg":"futureofyou_440767","label":"source_futureofyou_440766"},"futureofyou_440580":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_440580","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"440580","score":null,"sort":[1522346838000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-bad-medicine-dismisses-and-misdiagnoses-womens-symptoms","title":"How 'Bad Medicine' Dismisses And Misdiagnoses Women's Symptoms","publishDate":1522346838,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Women’s Health | Future of You | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>[audio mp3=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/20180327_fa_01.mp3\" autoplay=\"true\"][/audio]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When journalist Maya Dusenbery was in her 20s, she started experiencing progressive pain in her joints, which she learned was caused by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/164632370/rheumatoid-arthritis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rheumatoid arthritis.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she began to research her own condition, Dusenbery realized how lucky she was to have been diagnosed relatively easily. Other women with similar symptoms, she says, \"experienced very long diagnostic delays and felt ... that their symptoms were not taken seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusenbery says these experiences fit into a larger pattern of gender bias in medicine. Her new book, \u003cem>Doing Harm,\u003c/em> makes the case that women's symptoms are often dismissed and misdiagnosed — in part because of what she calls the \"systemic and unconscious bias that's rooted ... in what doctors, regardless of their own gender, are learning in medical schools.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I definitely believe that the fact that medicine has been historically and continues to be mainly run by men has been a source of these problems,\" she says. \"The medical knowledge that we have is just skewed towards knowing more about men's bodies and the conditions that disproportionately affect them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusenbery is also the executive editor of \u003ca href=\"http://feministing.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Feministing\u003c/a>, a website of writing by young feminists about social, cultural and political issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"edTag\">\u003cstrong>Interview Highlights\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how women have been left out of drug trials and medical observational studies\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a lot of concern about including women in drug trials, specifically because of concerns about affecting their hypothetical fetuses. So in the '70s the FDA had a policy of prohibiting any woman of childbearing age from participating in early-stage drug trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we also see that at that time, women were also excluded from studies that were just observational studies — not just drug trials. In the '90s, when there were congressional hearings about this problem, the public learned that women had been left out of things like a big observational study looking at normal human aging that was ongoing for 20 years. It started in the '50s, and for the first 20 years women had been left out of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On women's recent inclusion in National Institutes of Health studies \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[In] 1993, Congress passed a law saying that women need to be included in NIH-funded clinical research. And in the aggregate, women do make up a majority of subjects in NIH research. However, we still don't know that women are necessarily adequately represented in all areas of research, because the NIH looks at the aggregate numbers, and the outside analyses that have been done show that women are still a little bit underrepresented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More importantly, even though women are usually included in most studies today, it's still not the norm to really analyze results by gender to actually see if there are differences between men and women. So experts have described this to me as an \"add women and stir\" approach. Women are included, but we're still not getting the knowledge we need about ways that their symptoms or responses to treatment might differ from men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On why some medicine affects men and women differently — and how that results in women receiving excessive doses of most drugs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of factors that go into these recognized sex differences in drug metabolism and response. ... Percentage of body fat affects it. Hormones, different levels of enzymes — all of these things go into it. But really, probably the most straightforward [factor] is that, on average, men have a higher body weight than women. And yet, even that difference is not usually accounted for. We prescribe drugs based on this one-size-fits-all dosage, but that ends up meaning that, on average, women are being overdosed on most drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the difference between how men and women experience heart disease \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last couple of decades, there's been a recognition that for the first 35 years we were studying heart disease, we were really mostly studying it in men. And so there's been a concerted effort to go back and compare women's experiences to men's, which has led to the knowledge that women are more likely to have what are considered to be atypical symptoms. [And] the only reason they're considered \"atypical\" is because the norm has been this male model — so, atypical symptoms, like pain in the neck or shoulder, nausea, fatigue, lightheadedness. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partly as a result of those differences in symptoms — which are still not always recognized by health care providers — women (especially younger women) are more likely to be turned away when they're having a heart attack, sent home. One study found it was younger women — so women under 55 — were seven times more likely than the average patient to be sent home mid-heart attack. ... Even if they're not sent home, you see longer delays [for women] to getting [electrocardiograms] and other diagnostic testing or interventions in the ER setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how the subjective symptom of fatigue is dismissed in women\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most common [symptoms] that really is common across ... [the autoimmune diseases] is fatigue — a really deep, deep fatigue that isn't just being sleep-deprived from staying up too late. That fatigue, comparable to pain, is this very subjective symptom that's hard to communicate to other people. And I think that women are up against this real distrust of their own reports of their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So conditions like autoimmune diseases that really are marked by these subjective symptoms of pain and fatigue, I think, are very easy to dismiss in women. ... Even though we do know about autoimmune diseases, during that diagnostic delay, women are often told, \"You're just stressed. You're tired.\" And [they] have a really hard time convincing doctors that this fatigue is abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On some female patients taking a male relative or spouse with them to doctors' appointments to vouch for them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I found this to be one of the most disturbing things that I found in my research: how many women reported that as they were fighting to get their symptoms taken seriously, [they] just sort of sensed that what they really needed was somebody to testify to their symptoms, to testify to their sanity, and felt that bringing a partner or a father or even a son would be helpful. And then [they] found that it was [helpful], that they were treated differently when there was that man in the room who was corroborating their reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Heidi Saman and Seth Kelley produced and edited this interview for broadcast. Bridget Bentz, Molly Seavy-Nesper and Scott Hensley adapted it for the Web.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+%27Bad+Medicine%27+Dismisses+And+Misdiagnoses+Women%27s+Symptoms&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Journalist Maya Dusenbery argues that medicine has a gender bias rooted in medical school training.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1522346881,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1136},"headData":{"title":"How 'Bad Medicine' Dismisses And Misdiagnoses Women's Symptoms | KQED","description":"Journalist Maya Dusenbery argues that medicine has a gender bias rooted in medical school training.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How 'Bad Medicine' Dismisses And Misdiagnoses Women's Symptoms","datePublished":"2018-03-29T18:07:18.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-29T18:08:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"440580 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440580","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/29/how-bad-medicine-dismisses-and-misdiagnoses-womens-symptoms/","disqusTitle":"How 'Bad Medicine' Dismisses And Misdiagnoses Women's Symptoms","source":"Health","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/fa/2018/03/20180327_fa_01.mp3?orgId=427869011&topicId=1128&d=1159&p=13&story=597159133&siteplayer=true&dl=1","nprImageCredit":"PhotoAlto/Michele Constantini","nprByline":"Terry Gross, NPR","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"597159133","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=597159133&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/27/597159133/how-bad-medicine-dismisses-and-misdiagnoses-womens-symptoms?ft=nprml&f=597159133","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 28 Mar 2018 18:09:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 27 Mar 2018 12:15:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 28 Mar 2018 18:09:57 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/fa/2018/03/20180327_fa_01.mp3?orgId=427869011&topicId=1128&d=1159&p=13&story=597159133&ft=nprml&f=597159133","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1597344748-5b1788.m3u?orgId=427869011&topicId=1128&d=1159&p=13&story=597159133&ft=nprml&f=597159133","path":"/futureofyou/440580/how-bad-medicine-dismisses-and-misdiagnoses-womens-symptoms","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"mp3":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/20180327_fa_01.mp3","autoplay":"true","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When journalist Maya Dusenbery was in her 20s, she started experiencing progressive pain in her joints, which she learned was caused by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/164632370/rheumatoid-arthritis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rheumatoid arthritis.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she began to research her own condition, Dusenbery realized how lucky she was to have been diagnosed relatively easily. Other women with similar symptoms, she says, \"experienced very long diagnostic delays and felt ... that their symptoms were not taken seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusenbery says these experiences fit into a larger pattern of gender bias in medicine. Her new book, \u003cem>Doing Harm,\u003c/em> makes the case that women's symptoms are often dismissed and misdiagnosed — in part because of what she calls the \"systemic and unconscious bias that's rooted ... in what doctors, regardless of their own gender, are learning in medical schools.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I definitely believe that the fact that medicine has been historically and continues to be mainly run by men has been a source of these problems,\" she says. \"The medical knowledge that we have is just skewed towards knowing more about men's bodies and the conditions that disproportionately affect them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusenbery is also the executive editor of \u003ca href=\"http://feministing.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Feministing\u003c/a>, a website of writing by young feminists about social, cultural and political issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"edTag\">\u003cstrong>Interview Highlights\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how women have been left out of drug trials and medical observational studies\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a lot of concern about including women in drug trials, specifically because of concerns about affecting their hypothetical fetuses. So in the '70s the FDA had a policy of prohibiting any woman of childbearing age from participating in early-stage drug trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we also see that at that time, women were also excluded from studies that were just observational studies — not just drug trials. In the '90s, when there were congressional hearings about this problem, the public learned that women had been left out of things like a big observational study looking at normal human aging that was ongoing for 20 years. It started in the '50s, and for the first 20 years women had been left out of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On women's recent inclusion in National Institutes of Health studies \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[In] 1993, Congress passed a law saying that women need to be included in NIH-funded clinical research. And in the aggregate, women do make up a majority of subjects in NIH research. However, we still don't know that women are necessarily adequately represented in all areas of research, because the NIH looks at the aggregate numbers, and the outside analyses that have been done show that women are still a little bit underrepresented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More importantly, even though women are usually included in most studies today, it's still not the norm to really analyze results by gender to actually see if there are differences between men and women. So experts have described this to me as an \"add women and stir\" approach. Women are included, but we're still not getting the knowledge we need about ways that their symptoms or responses to treatment might differ from men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On why some medicine affects men and women differently — and how that results in women receiving excessive doses of most drugs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of factors that go into these recognized sex differences in drug metabolism and response. ... Percentage of body fat affects it. Hormones, different levels of enzymes — all of these things go into it. But really, probably the most straightforward [factor] is that, on average, men have a higher body weight than women. And yet, even that difference is not usually accounted for. We prescribe drugs based on this one-size-fits-all dosage, but that ends up meaning that, on average, women are being overdosed on most drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the difference between how men and women experience heart disease \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last couple of decades, there's been a recognition that for the first 35 years we were studying heart disease, we were really mostly studying it in men. And so there's been a concerted effort to go back and compare women's experiences to men's, which has led to the knowledge that women are more likely to have what are considered to be atypical symptoms. [And] the only reason they're considered \"atypical\" is because the norm has been this male model — so, atypical symptoms, like pain in the neck or shoulder, nausea, fatigue, lightheadedness. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partly as a result of those differences in symptoms — which are still not always recognized by health care providers — women (especially younger women) are more likely to be turned away when they're having a heart attack, sent home. One study found it was younger women — so women under 55 — were seven times more likely than the average patient to be sent home mid-heart attack. ... Even if they're not sent home, you see longer delays [for women] to getting [electrocardiograms] and other diagnostic testing or interventions in the ER setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how the subjective symptom of fatigue is dismissed in women\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most common [symptoms] that really is common across ... [the autoimmune diseases] is fatigue — a really deep, deep fatigue that isn't just being sleep-deprived from staying up too late. That fatigue, comparable to pain, is this very subjective symptom that's hard to communicate to other people. And I think that women are up against this real distrust of their own reports of their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So conditions like autoimmune diseases that really are marked by these subjective symptoms of pain and fatigue, I think, are very easy to dismiss in women. ... Even though we do know about autoimmune diseases, during that diagnostic delay, women are often told, \"You're just stressed. You're tired.\" And [they] have a really hard time convincing doctors that this fatigue is abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On some female patients taking a male relative or spouse with them to doctors' appointments to vouch for them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I found this to be one of the most disturbing things that I found in my research: how many women reported that as they were fighting to get their symptoms taken seriously, [they] just sort of sensed that what they really needed was somebody to testify to their symptoms, to testify to their sanity, and felt that bringing a partner or a father or even a son would be helpful. And then [they] found that it was [helpful], that they were treated differently when there was that man in the room who was corroborating their reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Heidi Saman and Seth Kelley produced and edited this interview for broadcast. Bridget Bentz, Molly Seavy-Nesper and Scott Hensley adapted it for the Web.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+%27Bad+Medicine%27+Dismisses+And+Misdiagnoses+Women%27s+Symptoms&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/440580/how-bad-medicine-dismisses-and-misdiagnoses-womens-symptoms","authors":["byline_futureofyou_440580"],"programs":["futureofyou_54"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_190","futureofyou_61","futureofyou_1056","futureofyou_173","futureofyou_275"],"featImg":"futureofyou_440581","label":"source_futureofyou_440580"},"futureofyou_440444":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_440444","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"440444","score":null,"sort":[1522073024000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"birth-control-apps-find-a-big-market-in-contraception-deserts","title":"Birth Control Apps Find a Big Market in 'Contraception Deserts'","publishDate":1522073024,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Women’s Health | Future of You | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>[audio mp3=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/20180326_me_birth_control_apps_find_a_big_market_in_contraception_deserts_.mp3\" autoplay=\"true\" preload=\"auto\"][/audio]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Ralph works long hours at an accounting firm in Oakland, Calif., and coordinates much of her life via the apps on her phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when she first heard several months ago that she could order her usual brand of birth control pills \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/425267/mobile-app-designed-to-prevent-pregnancy-gets-eu-approval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via an app\u003c/a>, and have them delivered to her doorstep in a day or two, it seemed perfect. She was working 12-hour days.[contextly_sidebar id=\"BZOrcpBR3skDDUzwXqFtMkYivLh8tU2K\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Food was delivered, dinner was often delivered,\" Ralph says. \"Anything I could get sent to my house with little effort — the better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph ordered a three-month supply of pills via the app of a San Francisco-based company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nurx.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NURX\u003c/a>. It's one of several digital ventures, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.mavenclinic.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maven\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.lemonaidhealth.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lemonaid Health\u003c/a>, that now provide several types of hormonal contraception without requiring a live visit to a doctor or other health care provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women using these services in cities say they like the speed and no-hassle privacy they get by making a purchase through the app. And in some rural areas where women's health clinics are few and far between, being able \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/03/26/report-how-los-angeles-could-source-its-water-locally%20https://www.apnews.com/870b745abdfe41dfa3bb79b49d60f117/Self-taught-rocket-scientist-blasts-off-into-California-sky%20https://www.apnews.com/870b745abdfe41dfa3bb79b49d60f117/Self-taught-rocket-scientist-blasts-off-into-California-sky%20https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/03/23/596435463/how-fast-can-an-outbreak-be-detected%20https://khn.org/news/trump-immigration-policies-put-immigrant-caregivers-and-elderly-patients-at-risk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to buy prescription\u003c/a> contraceptives online — starting at around $15 for a month's supply — can be not only much more private, but much more affordable and less time-consuming than driving an hour or more to the closest clinic, or paying for a doctor's appointment.[contextly_sidebar id=\"8UyELd0sdLCUnKJd2rRKJEDknWqS1wDA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NURX is now available in 18 states. It's popular in Texas, where many women live in what some health policy analysts call \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/26/contraception-deserts-are-what-you-get-when-you-cut-off-this-little-known-federal-program/?utm_term=.2c000aedfece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contraception deserts\u003c/a>\" — places that lack easy access to women's health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's process is pretty simple. After users log in to the NURX app, they fill out a questionnaire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They tell us about their medical history,\" says Jessica Horowitz, a nurse practitioner with NURX who consults with patients via online chats. \"They give us a blood-pressure check.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clinician like Horowitz then reviews the answers and, based on that, makes a suggestion about what type of hormonal contraception might be best for that individual — a pill, a ring or a patch are available, as well as emergency contraception\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> If the patient has a question about the product they're considering, they can send an instant message or call to chat with a provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't matter what time of day it is,\" Horowitz says. \"Someone responds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then NURX sends a prescription to a pharmacy and the drugs are mailed out via priority mail, or faster for emergency contraception. The cost of a month's supply of prescription birth control is often free to the patient, if they have health insurance, Horowitz says, and otherwise starts at $15 out-of-pocket for a month's supply, depending on the brand.[contextly_sidebar id=\"GekufaWZutErmbxmWrMVqC5SIpjD8lih\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Claire Hammons, who lives and works in Llano, Texas, about 90 minutes outside of Austin, the low cost of the pills was as important as the convenience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hammons loves many aspects of life in her small town. \"There is a population of 3,000 people,\" she says. \"But we have a lot going on. We are a huge art town. We have the Llano River. We are surrounded by state parks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, living there has its drawbacks, she says. There's only one doctor in town and there are no clinics nearby. This means getting health care isn't easy. And for Hammons, the main medicine she needs are birth control pills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been taking birth control since I was 16 because of endometriosis,\" she explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she can't get the pills, Hammons is in a lot of pain every month. A while back, she had a particularly hard time getting a prescription, because she lost her health insurance, and her out-of-pocket cost for a doctor's visit in Llano would have been $140.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really did not have — literally — have the money to go to the doctor. Period,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hammons says she also couldn't afford to pay out of pocket to pick up the pills every month at a pharmacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, about six months ago, she went online and found NURX. The cost-savings, she says, was \"really amazing and ... saved me a lot.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"93eYfIv1ZOkr9FnHiToO84fR8I08e0No\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas has become a big market for the app. Dr. Brook Randal, an emergency medicine physician in Austin who works as a provider for NURX, says her patients come from different backgrounds and use the app for different reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of them are low-income women who may not have a low-cost clinic available to them in the communities where they live,\" she says. \"And so we provide an important service for those women.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/440262/landmark-report-concludes-abortion-in-u-s-is-safe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">passed an abortion\u003c/a> bill that led half of all Texas clinics that performed abortions to close – clinics that often also provided birth control and other medical services to low-income women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of those women will tell us that they would have had to drive a really long distance in order to get to a clinic where they can get birth control economically,\" Randal says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their access to birth control got even worse when Texas lawmakers cut funding for the state's family planning program, says \u003ca href=\"https://forabettertexas.org/meetourstaff.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stacey Pogue\u003c/a>, a health policy analyst with the \u003ca href=\"https://forabettertexas.org/whatwedoandwhy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Public Policy Priorities\u003c/a> in Austin. The cuts came at a time when the state's population was growing and more women were seeking services, Pogue notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The ability of our safety net system to meet those needs and deliver health care — to actually get health care to women who are looking for contraceptives and well-woman exams — that has certainly been diminished,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apps like NURX that give women access to at least some types of contraceptives are definitely helpful, she says. But they aren't a comprehensive solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most effective types of birth control — IUDs and implants — aren't available through the apps, Pogue notes, because they require a visit to a health provider. And apps will never substitute for the missing medical clinics — places where, beyond contraception, women could also get life-saving services, such as pap smears, breast exams and cervical cancer screenings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas is one of two states (Indiana is the other) where minors can't buy prescription birth control through NURX because of laws restricting minors' access to contraception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lesleymcclurg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Lesley McClurg\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> covers mental health and consumer health stories for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED\u003c/a>\u003cem> in San Francisco, Calif. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://kut.org/people/ashley-lopez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Ashley Lopez\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> reports on health care and politics for \u003ca href=\"http://kut.org/people/ashley-lopez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KUT\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem>, in Austin, Texas.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Birth+Control+Apps+Find+A+Big+Market+In+%27Contraception+Deserts%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Women all over the country are trapped in places with no access to birth control. Now they can get it over the counter with an app. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1522088827,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1141},"headData":{"title":"Birth Control Apps Find a Big Market in 'Contraception Deserts' | KQED","description":"Women all over the country are trapped in places with no access to birth control. Now they can get it over the counter with an app. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Birth Control Apps Find a Big Market in 'Contraception Deserts'","datePublished":"2018-03-26T14:03:44.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-26T18:27:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"440444 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440444","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/26/birth-control-apps-find-a-big-market-in-contraception-deserts/","disqusTitle":"Birth Control Apps Find a Big Market in 'Contraception Deserts'","source":"Health","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/03/McClurgFullBSegBirthControl.mp3","nprByline":"Ashley Lopez, NPR\u003cbr />Lesley McClurg, KQED","nprImageAgency":"Paige Vickers for NPR","nprStoryId":"595387963","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=595387963&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/26/595387963/birth-control-apps-find-a-big-market-in-contraception-deserts?ft=nprml&f=595387963","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 26 Mar 2018 08:53:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 26 Mar 2018 05:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 26 Mar 2018 08:53:24 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/03/20180326_me_birth_control_apps_find_a_big_market_in_contraception_deserts_.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=398&p=3&story=595387963&ft=nprml&f=595387963","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1596942419-bd1f05.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=398&p=3&story=595387963&ft=nprml&f=595387963","path":"/futureofyou/440444/birth-control-apps-find-a-big-market-in-contraception-deserts","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"mp3":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/20180326_me_birth_control_apps_find_a_big_market_in_contraception_deserts_.mp3","autoplay":"true","preload":"auto","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Ralph works long hours at an accounting firm in Oakland, Calif., and coordinates much of her life via the apps on her phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when she first heard several months ago that she could order her usual brand of birth control pills \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/425267/mobile-app-designed-to-prevent-pregnancy-gets-eu-approval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via an app\u003c/a>, and have them delivered to her doorstep in a day or two, it seemed perfect. She was working 12-hour days.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Food was delivered, dinner was often delivered,\" Ralph says. \"Anything I could get sent to my house with little effort — the better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph ordered a three-month supply of pills via the app of a San Francisco-based company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nurx.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NURX\u003c/a>. It's one of several digital ventures, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.mavenclinic.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maven\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.lemonaidhealth.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lemonaid Health\u003c/a>, that now provide several types of hormonal contraception without requiring a live visit to a doctor or other health care provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women using these services in cities say they like the speed and no-hassle privacy they get by making a purchase through the app. And in some rural areas where women's health clinics are few and far between, being able \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/03/26/report-how-los-angeles-could-source-its-water-locally%20https://www.apnews.com/870b745abdfe41dfa3bb79b49d60f117/Self-taught-rocket-scientist-blasts-off-into-California-sky%20https://www.apnews.com/870b745abdfe41dfa3bb79b49d60f117/Self-taught-rocket-scientist-blasts-off-into-California-sky%20https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/03/23/596435463/how-fast-can-an-outbreak-be-detected%20https://khn.org/news/trump-immigration-policies-put-immigrant-caregivers-and-elderly-patients-at-risk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to buy prescription\u003c/a> contraceptives online — starting at around $15 for a month's supply — can be not only much more private, but much more affordable and less time-consuming than driving an hour or more to the closest clinic, or paying for a doctor's appointment.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NURX is now available in 18 states. It's popular in Texas, where many women live in what some health policy analysts call \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/26/contraception-deserts-are-what-you-get-when-you-cut-off-this-little-known-federal-program/?utm_term=.2c000aedfece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contraception deserts\u003c/a>\" — places that lack easy access to women's health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's process is pretty simple. After users log in to the NURX app, they fill out a questionnaire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They tell us about their medical history,\" says Jessica Horowitz, a nurse practitioner with NURX who consults with patients via online chats. \"They give us a blood-pressure check.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clinician like Horowitz then reviews the answers and, based on that, makes a suggestion about what type of hormonal contraception might be best for that individual — a pill, a ring or a patch are available, as well as emergency contraception\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> If the patient has a question about the product they're considering, they can send an instant message or call to chat with a provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't matter what time of day it is,\" Horowitz says. \"Someone responds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then NURX sends a prescription to a pharmacy and the drugs are mailed out via priority mail, or faster for emergency contraception. The cost of a month's supply of prescription birth control is often free to the patient, if they have health insurance, Horowitz says, and otherwise starts at $15 out-of-pocket for a month's supply, depending on the brand.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Claire Hammons, who lives and works in Llano, Texas, about 90 minutes outside of Austin, the low cost of the pills was as important as the convenience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hammons loves many aspects of life in her small town. \"There is a population of 3,000 people,\" she says. \"But we have a lot going on. We are a huge art town. We have the Llano River. We are surrounded by state parks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, living there has its drawbacks, she says. There's only one doctor in town and there are no clinics nearby. This means getting health care isn't easy. And for Hammons, the main medicine she needs are birth control pills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been taking birth control since I was 16 because of endometriosis,\" she explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she can't get the pills, Hammons is in a lot of pain every month. A while back, she had a particularly hard time getting a prescription, because she lost her health insurance, and her out-of-pocket cost for a doctor's visit in Llano would have been $140.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really did not have — literally — have the money to go to the doctor. Period,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hammons says she also couldn't afford to pay out of pocket to pick up the pills every month at a pharmacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, about six months ago, she went online and found NURX. The cost-savings, she says, was \"really amazing and ... saved me a lot.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas has become a big market for the app. Dr. Brook Randal, an emergency medicine physician in Austin who works as a provider for NURX, says her patients come from different backgrounds and use the app for different reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of them are low-income women who may not have a low-cost clinic available to them in the communities where they live,\" she says. \"And so we provide an important service for those women.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/440262/landmark-report-concludes-abortion-in-u-s-is-safe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">passed an abortion\u003c/a> bill that led half of all Texas clinics that performed abortions to close – clinics that often also provided birth control and other medical services to low-income women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of those women will tell us that they would have had to drive a really long distance in order to get to a clinic where they can get birth control economically,\" Randal says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their access to birth control got even worse when Texas lawmakers cut funding for the state's family planning program, says \u003ca href=\"https://forabettertexas.org/meetourstaff.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stacey Pogue\u003c/a>, a health policy analyst with the \u003ca href=\"https://forabettertexas.org/whatwedoandwhy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Public Policy Priorities\u003c/a> in Austin. The cuts came at a time when the state's population was growing and more women were seeking services, Pogue notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The ability of our safety net system to meet those needs and deliver health care — to actually get health care to women who are looking for contraceptives and well-woman exams — that has certainly been diminished,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apps like NURX that give women access to at least some types of contraceptives are definitely helpful, she says. But they aren't a comprehensive solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most effective types of birth control — IUDs and implants — aren't available through the apps, Pogue notes, because they require a visit to a health provider. And apps will never substitute for the missing medical clinics — places where, beyond contraception, women could also get life-saving services, such as pap smears, breast exams and cervical cancer screenings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas is one of two states (Indiana is the other) where minors can't buy prescription birth control through NURX because of laws restricting minors' access to contraception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lesleymcclurg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Lesley McClurg\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> covers mental health and consumer health stories for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED\u003c/a>\u003cem> in San Francisco, Calif. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://kut.org/people/ashley-lopez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Ashley Lopez\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> reports on health care and politics for \u003ca href=\"http://kut.org/people/ashley-lopez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KUT\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem>, in Austin, Texas.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Birth+Control+Apps+Find+A+Big+Market+In+%27Contraception+Deserts%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/440444/birth-control-apps-find-a-big-market-in-contraception-deserts","authors":["byline_futureofyou_440444"],"programs":["futureofyou_54"],"series":["futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_542","futureofyou_1102","futureofyou_1275","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_347","futureofyou_35","futureofyou_275"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_440445","label":"source_futureofyou_440444"},"futureofyou_2703":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_2703","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"2703","score":null,"sort":[1431710107000]},"guestAuthors":[{"ID":"2718","displayName":"Gabrielle Guthrie","firstName":"Gabrielle","lastName":"Guthrie","userLogin":"gabrielle-guthrie","userEmail":"gabrielle@moxxly.com","linkedAccount":"","website":"","aim":"","yahooim":"","jabber":"","description":"Gabrielle Guthrie has a Masters in Design from Stanford University. She is co-founder of the women-centered design start up, Moxxly. She lives and works in San Francisco.","userNicename":"gabrielle-guthrie","type":"guest-author"}],"slug":"womens-health-is-too-often-overlooked-will-digital-health-be-the-exception","title":"Women's Health is Too Often Overlooked; Will Digital Health be the Exception?","publishDate":1431710107,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Women’s Health | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":219,"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\">\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This perspective comes from Gabrielle Guthrie. She is co- founder of the women-centered design start up, Moxxly, which is developing the world's first 'smart breast pump'. Gabrielle has a masters in design from Stanford University and lives and works in San Francisco.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women’s health is often assumed to be similar to men's health. Or not considered at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That needs to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1956, a clinical trial of the drug Thalidomide ran in the United States involving 875 people. Thalidomide was touted as a wonder drug for insomnia, headaches, and morning sickness. Pregnant women were among the participants. Within five years, Thalidomide \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1849348/\">was pulled from the market\u003c/a> under pressure from the public after it caused malformation of the limbs in 10,000 children and killed an additional 2,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the Thalidomide scare, the industry still considers women to be a higher risk – and therefore a more expensive – participant group. So without requirements in place for industry to include a balanced representation of women, study participants skew heavily male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now, what is known to be true for men has been assumed to be true for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This assumption is especially dangerous with heart disease, the number one cause of death for women in the United States. Despite its fatality rate – or perhaps because of it - men comprise 76 percent of all heart-related study participants, even after efforts from the FDA Office of Women’s Health has worked to promote gender and racial diversity in the face of industry’s biases toward white, male enrollment in medical studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So What’s the Big Deal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem occurs when insights from research are applied universally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left arm tingle we all associate with a classic sign of a heart attack?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out that’s actually a classic sign of a heart attack in a man. A woman having a heart attack \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/06/397281837/women-having-a-heart-attack-dont-get-treatment-fast-enough\">can present much different symptoms\u003c/a>, such as fatigue, dizziness, or nausea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many, many women died because the way we’re taught to recognize a heart attack is based on the symptoms men present,” says Dr. Alicia Carrasco, an internist affiliated with University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies with a gender imbalance can have a double blind affect: Patients may not realize the severity of their symptoms and doctors are more likely to misdiagnose them, with potentially fatal consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heart disease research is not an isolated instance. Non-smoking women for example, are more likely than men to develop lung cancer and we don’t know why. Women are also at a greater risk for depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breast cancer research stands as a strong exception to this rule, with $6 billion raised every year. From 2011 to 2013 the National Cancer Institute allocated more than double the amount of funding for breast cancer research than for prostate cancer research, even though one in 31 women will die of breast cancer and one in 38 men will die of prostate cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\">\n\u003cp>But as the NFL goes pink for all of October, heart disease continues to kill one in three American women, according to the American Heart Association. In other words women in the U.S. are ten times more likely to die of heart disease than of breast cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet cardiovascular disease is still considered a man’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can New Digital Health Tools Change the Ratio?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This lack of education and understanding of women’s health spreads across the health landscape from research studies to new digital health products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2014/9/25/6844021/apple-promised-an-expansive-health-app-so-why-cant-i-track\">oversight in not including menstruation cycles\u003c/a> in its HealthKit service’s otherwise comprehensive metrics stands as a recent example. Despite the flak it received in the press, the latest software update still doesn’t offer the one health metric many women of childbearing age care most about: Period-tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say these types of examples are a frequent oversight, as both the technology and health fields are dominated by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means health issues that affect women are often either overlooked, in the case of HealthKit, or they miss the mark. Most women’s health apps still rely on and reinforce stereotypes of femininity that many women don’t identify with. Yes I’m talking pinks and flowers for everything from period trackers to breastfeeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may not even be a conscious thing. There are just more male doctors,\" said Dr. Carrasco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In order for this to change, we need more women in positions of power.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And engineers, entrepreneurs and venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my opinion, we’re still in the stage of women’s digital health that is operating on stereotypes and assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But digital health offers a new opportunity of understanding beyond the white, male patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don’t have to rely on scientific studies and pharmaceutical companies to advance female health when we can collect vast quantities of valuable data on our own,” \u003ca href=\"http://pixelhealth.net/author/ida-tin/\">writes Ida Tin\u003c/a>, chief executive of Clue, an app that is focused on fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in order to be successful, women’s digital health products have to be designed for and with women in mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In order to be successful, women’s digital health products have to be designed for and with women in mind.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1596839357,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":878},"headData":{"title":"Women’s Health is Too Often Overlooked; Will Digital Health be the Exception? - KQED Future of You","description":"In order to be successful, women’s digital health products have to be designed for and with women in mind.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Women's Health is Too Often Overlooked; Will Digital Health be the Exception?","datePublished":"2015-05-15T17:15:07.000Z","dateModified":"2020-08-07T22:29:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"2703 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=2703","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/05/15/womens-health-is-too-often-overlooked-will-digital-health-be-the-exception/","disqusTitle":"Women's Health is Too Often Overlooked; Will Digital Health be the Exception?","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","path":"/futureofyou/2703/womens-health-is-too-often-overlooked-will-digital-health-be-the-exception","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\">\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This perspective comes from Gabrielle Guthrie. She is co- founder of the women-centered design start up, Moxxly, which is developing the world's first 'smart breast pump'. Gabrielle has a masters in design from Stanford University and lives and works in San Francisco.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women’s health is often assumed to be similar to men's health. Or not considered at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That needs to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1956, a clinical trial of the drug Thalidomide ran in the United States involving 875 people. Thalidomide was touted as a wonder drug for insomnia, headaches, and morning sickness. Pregnant women were among the participants. Within five years, Thalidomide \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1849348/\">was pulled from the market\u003c/a> under pressure from the public after it caused malformation of the limbs in 10,000 children and killed an additional 2,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the Thalidomide scare, the industry still considers women to be a higher risk – and therefore a more expensive – participant group. So without requirements in place for industry to include a balanced representation of women, study participants skew heavily male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now, what is known to be true for men has been assumed to be true for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This assumption is especially dangerous with heart disease, the number one cause of death for women in the United States. Despite its fatality rate – or perhaps because of it - men comprise 76 percent of all heart-related study participants, even after efforts from the FDA Office of Women’s Health has worked to promote gender and racial diversity in the face of industry’s biases toward white, male enrollment in medical studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So What’s the Big Deal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem occurs when insights from research are applied universally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left arm tingle we all associate with a classic sign of a heart attack?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out that’s actually a classic sign of a heart attack in a man. A woman having a heart attack \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/06/397281837/women-having-a-heart-attack-dont-get-treatment-fast-enough\">can present much different symptoms\u003c/a>, such as fatigue, dizziness, or nausea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many, many women died because the way we’re taught to recognize a heart attack is based on the symptoms men present,” says Dr. Alicia Carrasco, an internist affiliated with University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies with a gender imbalance can have a double blind affect: Patients may not realize the severity of their symptoms and doctors are more likely to misdiagnose them, with potentially fatal consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heart disease research is not an isolated instance. Non-smoking women for example, are more likely than men to develop lung cancer and we don’t know why. Women are also at a greater risk for depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breast cancer research stands as a strong exception to this rule, with $6 billion raised every year. From 2011 to 2013 the National Cancer Institute allocated more than double the amount of funding for breast cancer research than for prostate cancer research, even though one in 31 women will die of breast cancer and one in 38 men will die of prostate cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"layoutArea\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"column\">\n\u003cp>But as the NFL goes pink for all of October, heart disease continues to kill one in three American women, according to the American Heart Association. In other words women in the U.S. are ten times more likely to die of heart disease than of breast cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet cardiovascular disease is still considered a man’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can New Digital Health Tools Change the Ratio?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This lack of education and understanding of women’s health spreads across the health landscape from research studies to new digital health products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2014/9/25/6844021/apple-promised-an-expansive-health-app-so-why-cant-i-track\">oversight in not including menstruation cycles\u003c/a> in its HealthKit service’s otherwise comprehensive metrics stands as a recent example. Despite the flak it received in the press, the latest software update still doesn’t offer the one health metric many women of childbearing age care most about: Period-tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say these types of examples are a frequent oversight, as both the technology and health fields are dominated by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means health issues that affect women are often either overlooked, in the case of HealthKit, or they miss the mark. Most women’s health apps still rely on and reinforce stereotypes of femininity that many women don’t identify with. Yes I’m talking pinks and flowers for everything from period trackers to breastfeeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may not even be a conscious thing. There are just more male doctors,\" said Dr. Carrasco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In order for this to change, we need more women in positions of power.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And engineers, entrepreneurs and venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my opinion, we’re still in the stage of women’s digital health that is operating on stereotypes and assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But digital health offers a new opportunity of understanding beyond the white, male patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don’t have to rely on scientific studies and pharmaceutical companies to advance female health when we can collect vast quantities of valuable data on our own,” \u003ca href=\"http://pixelhealth.net/author/ida-tin/\">writes Ida Tin\u003c/a>, chief executive of Clue, an app that is focused on fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in order to be successful, women’s digital health products have to be designed for and with women in mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/2703/womens-health-is-too-often-overlooked-will-digital-health-be-the-exception","authors":["2718"],"series":["futureofyou_172","futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1062"],"tags":["futureofyou_235","futureofyou_264","futureofyou_103","futureofyou_175","futureofyou_34","futureofyou_273","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_269","futureofyou_276","futureofyou_275"],"featImg":"futureofyou_2707","label":"futureofyou_219"},"futureofyou_2712":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_2712","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"2712","score":null,"sort":[1431019389000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-these-mobile-apps-are-helping-couples-conceive","title":"How These Mobile Apps are Helping Couples Conceive","publishDate":1431019389,"format":"image","headTitle":"Women’s Health | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":219,"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>Mobile devices are teaching modern women something their ancient counterparts knew thousands of years ago: How to track fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may seem like a niche opportunity, but a sizable chunk of the U.S. population suffers from fertility issues. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/infertility.htm\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003c/a>6.7 million women in the U.S. struggle with infertility, representing 10.9 percent of women aged 15 to 44.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one-third of these cases is \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhumanreprod.com/infertilityedu/causes/unexplained/\">diagnosed as “unexplained infertility,”\u003c/a> meaning that doctors can find no underlying cause from diagnostic testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past fifty years, the medical community has developed an arsenal of methods to overcome reproductive hurdles. Women can choose to freeze their eggs, take fertility drugs, get artificially inseminated, use a surrogate, or undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF) -- all options that cost tens, or even hundreds of thousands, of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when a woman struggles to conceive, a gap exists between the “keep trying” strategy and the decision to shell out a year’s salary or more for fertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new crop of fertility startups are working to bridge the gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2787\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-2787\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-450x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Kindara user Abby WInship\" width=\"353\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-450x600.jpeg 450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-400x533.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-885x1180.jpeg 885w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-1180x1573.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-960x1280.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kindara user Abby WInship \u003ccite>(Kindara)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is not much in the middle between doing nothing and undergoing assistive reproductive treatments, which can be quite invasive and stressful,\" said Will Sacks, cofounder and chief executive of a mobile app called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kindara.com/\">Kindara Health.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindara, along with fellow fertility startups, are leveraging mobile devices, connected hardware and reproductive science to help women take their fertility into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindara’s mobile product is based on \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/fertility-awareness\">Fertility Awareness Methods\u003c/a>\" where women chart their primary fertility signs to gauge what time of the month they are most fertile. Based on that data, Kindara provides charts that show women where they are in their cycle and their corresponding fertility levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the app, Kindara recently released a \u003ca href=\"https://kindara.com/wink\">connected fertility thermometer\u003c/a> called Wink that reads basal body temperature and automatically syncs that data to the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacks said Kindara’s overarching goal is to help women better understand their reproductive health, whether or not they are trying to get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cultural messaging to women is that your body is owned partially by the state, partially by God, and it is a scary black box that it is best to ignore or stay away from,” Sacks said. “As a result, so many women never really have a relationship with their cycle or understand it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can These Apps Help Women Get Pregnant? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacks founded Kindara with his girlfriend Kati Bicknell after the couple began practicing fertility awareness as an alternative to conventional birth control methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They realized there was a serious lack of available information about fertility awareness and wanted to build a company that made it easier to learn about and adhere to. While their initial interest was in tracking physiological signs as a form of birth control, 60 percent of women using Kindara are trying to get pregnant. According to Sacks, the app has helped over 60,000 women get pregnant since its launch two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2788\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 436px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-2788\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2.jpeg\" alt=\"Kirsten Karchmer, CEO of the Conceivable app\" width=\"436\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2.jpeg 745w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2-400x276.jpeg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kirsten Karchmer, CEO of the Conceivable app \u003ccite>(Conceivable)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike Sacks, who admittedly knew nothing about fertility until somewhat recently, Kirsten Hurder-Karchmer had 15 years of experience running one of the largest fertility wellness clinics in North America before founding her fertility startup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.conceivable.com/\">Conceivable\u003c/a>. Austin, Texas-based Hurder-Karchmer is a reproductive acupuncturist who specializes in integrating Eastern and Western medicine to improve reproductive health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conceivable offers a version of her fertility program that is delivered via a mobile app. It addresses three key areas: Menstrual cycle, lifestyle, and mindfulness -- all \u003ca href=\"https://conceivable-static.s3.amazonaws.com/media/The_Science_Behind_Conceivable.pdf\">based on the findings of dozens of studies from peer-reviewed journals.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lifestyle matters more than people think when it comes to getting pregnant,” Hurder-Karchmer said. “Diet, water consumption, weight, how active you are, your alcohol and tobacco use -- all these factors affect your fertility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18226626\"> team of Harvard researchers\u003c/a> found that replacing animal sources of protein with vegetable sources of protein can reduce the risk of ovulatory infertility. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9797089\">A study from Hopkins\u003c/a> found that women who are attempting to conceive should abstain from consuming alcohol. And \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Stress+reduces+conception+probabilities+across+the+fertile+window\">NIH researchers \u003c/a>discovered that stress significantly reduces the probability of conception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Conceivable app uses these findings and many others to help women adopt a lifestyle that optimizes their fertility. The app provides veggie-centric meal plans and recipes; helps regulate daily consumption of water, soda, and alcoholic drinks; tracks sleeping patterns and exercise; and promotes therapeutic practices to help reduce stress and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in the program also receive three distinct herbal remedies a month. The herbal approach has drawn plenty of skepticism from devotees of Western medicine, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22036524\">there are some recent studies\u003c/a> that suggest it can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loriana Aldama, who recently tried out Conceivable, said she got pregnant in seven months, after trying IVF twice. Her fertility doctor had told her that her chances were \"slim to nothing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fertility Tracking Apps are a Big Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a veritable flowering of fertility tracking apps over the past couple years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other well-known apps in the space include \u003ca href=\"http://www.helloclue.com/\">Clue\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ovuline.com/\">Ovia Fertility\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fertilityfriend.com/iphone/\">Fertility Friend,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/lily-your-personal-private/id400529549?mt=8\">Lily\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://glowing.com/\">Glow\u003c/a>, to name a few. Glow rocketed this sector into the spotlight after its founder -- well-known entrepreneur and PayPal cofounder Max Levchin -- \u003ca href=\"http://allthingsd.com/20130529/max-levchins-glow-fertility-app-the-full-session-video/\">unveiled Glow at the AllThingsD (now Recode) conference\u003c/a>, where he created a stir by discussing “cervical mucus” on stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Clue founder Ida Tin said that while interest in this space is exciting, there is still a long way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we have a menstruation revolution going on and it is all coming from startups,” Tin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No big players in the field have taken this completely foundational part of human life and turned it into a really serious grown up digital product. Female health has been so under-served, even though it is one of the biggest areas for spending in the health industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than tracking basal body temperature and cervical mucus -- like Kindara, Ovia, and Glow -- Clue uses the calendar method, which forecasts fertility based on your last period’s start and end dates, as well as additional information like mood or cramps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these apps functions by collecting intimate, highly personal data, which raises questions about privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"I think we have a menstruation revolution going on and it is all coming from startups.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Ida Tin, founder of the Clue app\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Advertisers are already targeting consumers with offers based on their purchasing behavior. Back in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/16/how-target-figured-out-a-teen-girl-was-pregnant-before-her-father-did/\">Target set off a firestorm\u003c/a> when it figured out that a teen girl was pregnant based on her purchases -- before her father knew -- and sent her pregnancy and baby-related coupons in the mail. Data from these fertility apps would take those capabilities to a whole new level. Or what if an employer was able to access that data to discover if an employee was pregnant or trying to be? That information could affect hiring, promotion, or salary decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kindara user Abby Winship Hoyes said that the benefits of using the app outweighs her privacy concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am aware of the potential privacy concerns, but frankly, they never bothered me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as I'm concerned, if someone wants to troll through my often inconsistent and sometimes inaccurate data, more power to them. I should hope that I wouldn't suffer any discrimination based on what this data says about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ancient Wisdom in a Mobile App?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these startups is essentially channeling ancient wisdom about fertility into the form of a mobile app. The apps are using new technology to resurrect decidedly low-tech fertility practices that existed thousands of years before IVF, smartphones, or gynecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these mobile apps are certainly helping to provide women with more options, Dr. Richard Paulson said it is important to remember there is only so much they can do. Dr. Paulson is the President Elect of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.asrm.org/\">American Society for Reproductive Medicine\u003c/a> and a professor of reproductive medicine at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my mind, mobile apps fit in right at the beginning by helping people making sure the woman has regular ovulation and that they are having sex at the correct time,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there is some impediment preventing someone from getting pregnant, the apps won’t help, said Paulson. And more specialized treatments like IVF may become simpler, cheaper and less expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fertility is a spectrum. Most women are not exclusively fertile or infertile -- their fertility fluctuates depending on a complicated interplay of factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These mobile apps take varied, but similar approaches to helping women understand these fluctuations and empowering them to take their fertility into their own hands. However, if there are physiological impediments to getting pregnant -- such as endometriosis or blocked fallopian tubes -- a mobile app can only play a limited role in overcoming them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they can help women overcome are social stigmas that keep them removed from their own reproductive health. We still live in a society where a \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/instagram-censored-a-photo-of-woman-on-her-period-2015-3\">modest image of period blood is considered obscene.\u003c/a> For the millions of women with“unexplained infertility,” those social impediments can be the tallest.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"These mobile apps are leveraging mobile devices, connected hardware and reproductive science to help women take their fertility into their own hands.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1477282647,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":44,"wordCount":1559},"headData":{"title":"How These Mobile Apps are Helping Couples Conceive | KQED","description":"These mobile apps are leveraging mobile devices, connected hardware and reproductive science to help women take their fertility into their own hands.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How These Mobile Apps are Helping Couples Conceive","datePublished":"2015-05-07T17:23:09.000Z","dateModified":"2016-10-24T04:17:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"2712 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=2712","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/05/07/how-these-mobile-apps-are-helping-couples-conceive/","disqusTitle":"How These Mobile Apps are Helping Couples Conceive","path":"/futureofyou/2712/how-these-mobile-apps-are-helping-couples-conceive","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mobile devices are teaching modern women something their ancient counterparts knew thousands of years ago: How to track fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may seem like a niche opportunity, but a sizable chunk of the U.S. population suffers from fertility issues. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/infertility.htm\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003c/a>6.7 million women in the U.S. struggle with infertility, representing 10.9 percent of women aged 15 to 44.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one-third of these cases is \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhumanreprod.com/infertilityedu/causes/unexplained/\">diagnosed as “unexplained infertility,”\u003c/a> meaning that doctors can find no underlying cause from diagnostic testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past fifty years, the medical community has developed an arsenal of methods to overcome reproductive hurdles. Women can choose to freeze their eggs, take fertility drugs, get artificially inseminated, use a surrogate, or undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF) -- all options that cost tens, or even hundreds of thousands, of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when a woman struggles to conceive, a gap exists between the “keep trying” strategy and the decision to shell out a year’s salary or more for fertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new crop of fertility startups are working to bridge the gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2787\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-2787\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-450x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Kindara user Abby WInship\" width=\"353\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-450x600.jpeg 450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-400x533.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-885x1180.jpeg 885w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-1180x1573.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-1-960x1280.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kindara user Abby WInship \u003ccite>(Kindara)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is not much in the middle between doing nothing and undergoing assistive reproductive treatments, which can be quite invasive and stressful,\" said Will Sacks, cofounder and chief executive of a mobile app called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kindara.com/\">Kindara Health.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindara, along with fellow fertility startups, are leveraging mobile devices, connected hardware and reproductive science to help women take their fertility into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindara’s mobile product is based on \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/fertility-awareness\">Fertility Awareness Methods\u003c/a>\" where women chart their primary fertility signs to gauge what time of the month they are most fertile. Based on that data, Kindara provides charts that show women where they are in their cycle and their corresponding fertility levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the app, Kindara recently released a \u003ca href=\"https://kindara.com/wink\">connected fertility thermometer\u003c/a> called Wink that reads basal body temperature and automatically syncs that data to the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacks said Kindara’s overarching goal is to help women better understand their reproductive health, whether or not they are trying to get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cultural messaging to women is that your body is owned partially by the state, partially by God, and it is a scary black box that it is best to ignore or stay away from,” Sacks said. “As a result, so many women never really have a relationship with their cycle or understand it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can These Apps Help Women Get Pregnant? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacks founded Kindara with his girlfriend Kati Bicknell after the couple began practicing fertility awareness as an alternative to conventional birth control methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They realized there was a serious lack of available information about fertility awareness and wanted to build a company that made it easier to learn about and adhere to. While their initial interest was in tracking physiological signs as a form of birth control, 60 percent of women using Kindara are trying to get pregnant. According to Sacks, the app has helped over 60,000 women get pregnant since its launch two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2788\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 436px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-2788\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2.jpeg\" alt=\"Kirsten Karchmer, CEO of the Conceivable app\" width=\"436\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2.jpeg 745w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/05/Unknown-2-400x276.jpeg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kirsten Karchmer, CEO of the Conceivable app \u003ccite>(Conceivable)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike Sacks, who admittedly knew nothing about fertility until somewhat recently, Kirsten Hurder-Karchmer had 15 years of experience running one of the largest fertility wellness clinics in North America before founding her fertility startup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.conceivable.com/\">Conceivable\u003c/a>. Austin, Texas-based Hurder-Karchmer is a reproductive acupuncturist who specializes in integrating Eastern and Western medicine to improve reproductive health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conceivable offers a version of her fertility program that is delivered via a mobile app. It addresses three key areas: Menstrual cycle, lifestyle, and mindfulness -- all \u003ca href=\"https://conceivable-static.s3.amazonaws.com/media/The_Science_Behind_Conceivable.pdf\">based on the findings of dozens of studies from peer-reviewed journals.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lifestyle matters more than people think when it comes to getting pregnant,” Hurder-Karchmer said. “Diet, water consumption, weight, how active you are, your alcohol and tobacco use -- all these factors affect your fertility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18226626\"> team of Harvard researchers\u003c/a> found that replacing animal sources of protein with vegetable sources of protein can reduce the risk of ovulatory infertility. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9797089\">A study from Hopkins\u003c/a> found that women who are attempting to conceive should abstain from consuming alcohol. And \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Stress+reduces+conception+probabilities+across+the+fertile+window\">NIH researchers \u003c/a>discovered that stress significantly reduces the probability of conception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Conceivable app uses these findings and many others to help women adopt a lifestyle that optimizes their fertility. The app provides veggie-centric meal plans and recipes; helps regulate daily consumption of water, soda, and alcoholic drinks; tracks sleeping patterns and exercise; and promotes therapeutic practices to help reduce stress and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in the program also receive three distinct herbal remedies a month. The herbal approach has drawn plenty of skepticism from devotees of Western medicine, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22036524\">there are some recent studies\u003c/a> that suggest it can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loriana Aldama, who recently tried out Conceivable, said she got pregnant in seven months, after trying IVF twice. Her fertility doctor had told her that her chances were \"slim to nothing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fertility Tracking Apps are a Big Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a veritable flowering of fertility tracking apps over the past couple years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other well-known apps in the space include \u003ca href=\"http://www.helloclue.com/\">Clue\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ovuline.com/\">Ovia Fertility\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fertilityfriend.com/iphone/\">Fertility Friend,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/lily-your-personal-private/id400529549?mt=8\">Lily\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://glowing.com/\">Glow\u003c/a>, to name a few. Glow rocketed this sector into the spotlight after its founder -- well-known entrepreneur and PayPal cofounder Max Levchin -- \u003ca href=\"http://allthingsd.com/20130529/max-levchins-glow-fertility-app-the-full-session-video/\">unveiled Glow at the AllThingsD (now Recode) conference\u003c/a>, where he created a stir by discussing “cervical mucus” on stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Clue founder Ida Tin said that while interest in this space is exciting, there is still a long way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we have a menstruation revolution going on and it is all coming from startups,” Tin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No big players in the field have taken this completely foundational part of human life and turned it into a really serious grown up digital product. Female health has been so under-served, even though it is one of the biggest areas for spending in the health industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than tracking basal body temperature and cervical mucus -- like Kindara, Ovia, and Glow -- Clue uses the calendar method, which forecasts fertility based on your last period’s start and end dates, as well as additional information like mood or cramps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these apps functions by collecting intimate, highly personal data, which raises questions about privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"I think we have a menstruation revolution going on and it is all coming from startups.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Ida Tin, founder of the Clue app\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Advertisers are already targeting consumers with offers based on their purchasing behavior. Back in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/16/how-target-figured-out-a-teen-girl-was-pregnant-before-her-father-did/\">Target set off a firestorm\u003c/a> when it figured out that a teen girl was pregnant based on her purchases -- before her father knew -- and sent her pregnancy and baby-related coupons in the mail. Data from these fertility apps would take those capabilities to a whole new level. Or what if an employer was able to access that data to discover if an employee was pregnant or trying to be? That information could affect hiring, promotion, or salary decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kindara user Abby Winship Hoyes said that the benefits of using the app outweighs her privacy concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am aware of the potential privacy concerns, but frankly, they never bothered me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as I'm concerned, if someone wants to troll through my often inconsistent and sometimes inaccurate data, more power to them. I should hope that I wouldn't suffer any discrimination based on what this data says about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ancient Wisdom in a Mobile App?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these startups is essentially channeling ancient wisdom about fertility into the form of a mobile app. The apps are using new technology to resurrect decidedly low-tech fertility practices that existed thousands of years before IVF, smartphones, or gynecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these mobile apps are certainly helping to provide women with more options, Dr. Richard Paulson said it is important to remember there is only so much they can do. Dr. Paulson is the President Elect of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.asrm.org/\">American Society for Reproductive Medicine\u003c/a> and a professor of reproductive medicine at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my mind, mobile apps fit in right at the beginning by helping people making sure the woman has regular ovulation and that they are having sex at the correct time,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there is some impediment preventing someone from getting pregnant, the apps won’t help, said Paulson. And more specialized treatments like IVF may become simpler, cheaper and less expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fertility is a spectrum. Most women are not exclusively fertile or infertile -- their fertility fluctuates depending on a complicated interplay of factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These mobile apps take varied, but similar approaches to helping women understand these fluctuations and empowering them to take their fertility into their own hands. However, if there are physiological impediments to getting pregnant -- such as endometriosis or blocked fallopian tubes -- a mobile app can only play a limited role in overcoming them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they can help women overcome are social stigmas that keep them removed from their own reproductive health. We still live in a society where a \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/instagram-censored-a-photo-of-woman-on-her-period-2015-3\">modest image of period blood is considered obscene.\u003c/a> For the millions of women with“unexplained infertility,” those social impediments can be the tallest.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/2712/how-these-mobile-apps-are-helping-couples-conceive","authors":["6620"],"series":["futureofyou_172","futureofyou_219"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060"],"tags":["futureofyou_288","futureofyou_290","futureofyou_286","futureofyou_283","futureofyou_138","futureofyou_287","futureofyou_289","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_285","futureofyou_284","futureofyou_275"],"featImg":"futureofyou_2786","label":"futureofyou_219"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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