Wikipedia Handles Fake News With Humans, Not Algorithms
How Do You Know Which Medical Information on Wikipedia to Trust?
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She has won several regional Emmy awards, a regional and a national Edward R. Murrow award. The Association for Health Journalists awarded Lesley best beat coverage. The Society of Professional Journalists has recognized her reporting several times. The Society of Environmental Journalists spotlighted her ongoing coverage of California's historic drought. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining KQED in 2016, she covered food and sustainability for Capital Public Radio, the environment for Colorado Public Radio, and reported for both KUOW and KCTS9 in Seattle. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When not hunched over her laptop Lesley enjoys skiing with her toddler, surfing with her husband or scheming their next globetrotting adventure. Before motherhood she relished dancing tango till sunrise. 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Heilman puts in roughly 60 hours weekly editing medical entries on the colossal online encyclopedia. He's the founder of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\">WikiProject Medicine\u003c/a>, a group of several hundred editors who have taken on the mission of making the site's medical pages more thorough and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/11/28/how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information/\" target=\"_blank\">accurate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'People who are involved in generating fake news -- that's a higher level of vandalism than a computer program can take care of.'\u003ccite>James Heilman, WikiProject Medicine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Fake news—fabricated reports related to current events—has received a lot of attention in the wake of President-elect Donald Trump’s unexpected victory over non-President-elect Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pundits and polls had assured the country that Clinton would be busy polishing her inaugural address by now. Was \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=fake+news&oq=fake+news\" target=\"_blank\">fake news\u003c/a> a factor in Trump's victory? We may never know, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/viral-fake-election-news-outperformed-real-news-on-facebook?utm_term=.wkgkYg5z7#.kdEDER4l2\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Buzzfeed analysis\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> found that the top-20 fake news stories received more Facebook shares, reactions and comments in the three months leading up to the election than the top-20 real news reports. A large majority of the phony stories overtly favored Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A New Age\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not too long ago, the barriers to entry for disseminating written information on a mass scale included financial resources enough to pay for millions of dollars worth of reporters, editors, layout designers, press operators, printing equipment, delivery trucks and \u003ca href=\"http://wtvr.com/2016/11/18/when-was-the-last-time-you-saw-a-kid-with-a-paper-route/\" target=\"_blank\">tweens on bikes\u003c/a> with poor aim. Short of that, you're handing out pamphlets on a street corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, you can run your own mass communications operation with little more than computer, a WordPress account and a little savvy about Facebook algorithms. Whether it's done for clicks, tricks or kicks, fake news has become a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs\" target=\"_blank\">profitable\u003c/a> cottage industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-295313\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"fiorefakenews\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wikipedia, being a site that actually \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">invites\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> members of the public to write their own content with no vetting of their qualifications to do so, would seem to be ripe for an onslaught of material laden with inaccuracy and bias.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see people attempting to promote alternative medicine, we see people attempting to promote conventional medicine beyond the level of evidence that's available,” said Heilman, the medical editor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wikipedia polices the creation of new entries and changes to existing pages with both machine and human interventions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pages are \"analyzed by smart bots that deal with a large majority of low-level vandalism and many copyright issues,” Heilman wrote in an email. The \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:New_pages_patrol\" target=\"_blank\">New Pages Patrol, \u003c/a>consisting of seasoned human editors who have made at least 500 uncontested edits to Wikipedia pages, reviews every freshly created page. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wikipedia requires contributors to justify every assertion of fact in an article, and it has blacklisted \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_talk:Spam-blacklist#abcnews.com.co\" target=\"_blank\">certain sites\u003c/a> from being used as verification this way. Wikipedians can also put individual pages on watch lists, which will trigger notifications any time an edit is made. For example, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">HIV/AIDS page \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is currently monitored by almost a thousand editors, any of whom can jump in and quickly challenge changes they deem to be unreliable.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, some administrators can “protect” articles, so that only established editors can make changes. Editors who create consistently problematic content can be kicked off the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Heilman emailed me, he had just finished \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaccine&type=revision&diff=752549754&oldid=752547510%5D\" target=\"_blank\">reverting\u003c/a> an edit to the Wikipedia \"\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine\" target=\"_blank\">Vaccine\u003c/a>\" page back to its former state, due to a change made in the \"\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine#Adverse_effects\" target=\"_blank\">Adverse effects\u003c/a>\" section. The topic of vaccinations has spawned a lot of misinformation on exaggerated or even nonexistent risks, driving down inoculation rates in some communities. Below is the short-lived edit, followed by the original version that Heilman restored:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There is growing evidence that vaccines trigger autoimmune disease. A mass Hepatitis B vaccination program was halted in France in 1994 following a significant increase in incidence of multiple sclerosis 1-2 years following vaccination. In 2009, GSK's Pandemrix influenza vaccine was proven to trigger narcolepsy in multiple cases across Europe leading to multiple legal claims. Despite this growing evidence the medical establishment maintain that vaccinations given during childhood are generally safe.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reversion to previous entry:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Vaccination given during childhood is generally safe. The rate of side effects depends on the vaccine in question. Some common side effects include: fever, pain around the injection site, and muscle aches. Additionally, some individuals may be allergic to ingredients in the vaccine. MMR vaccine is rarely associated with febrile seizures.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Election on Wikipedia\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, a 28-year-old North Carolina man \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/12/05/pizzagate-shooter-washington-court/94995926/\" target=\"_blank\">shot off his assault weapon\u003c/a> in a Washington D.C. pizza restaurant. Afterward he reportedly told police he wanted to find the truth about a viral fake news story claiming the eatery was involved in a Democratic child prostitution ring. Contrast the rapid \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/fever-swamp-election?utm_term=.mmWdD3M53#.qqw71XQ3X\" target=\"_blank\">metastasizing\u003c/a> of the hoax with the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Draft:Pizzagate_(conspiracy_theory)\" target=\"_blank\">ongoing Wikipedia discussion\u003c/a> on whether to publish a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Pizzagate_(conspiracy_theory)\" target=\"_blank\">draft\u003c/a> page on the topic, and you can gain a little appreciation of the deliberate way Wikipedia contributors make decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another election article Wikipedians had to grapple with was “The Impeachment of Donald Trump,” created on Nov. 11. Just three hours after it went live, editors deleted it. The article, based on the opinions of two academics, said Trump's impeachment was “expected to occur sometime after inauguration.\" A handful of editors quickly \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Impeachment_of_Donald_Trump\" target=\"_blank\">came to the conclusion\u003c/a> that speculation by two people did not a valid Wikipedia entry make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Humans vs. Algorithms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook, where most of the fake news spread this election season, is now reportedly \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-could-develop-artificial-intelligence-to-weed-out-fake-news-1480608004\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">developing artificial intelligence \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to cope with the problem. Heilman doesn’t think that will be enough. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“People who are involved in generating fake news -- that's a higher level of vandalism than a computer program can take care of,\" he said. \"The only people who can manage to deal with that in my opinion is human beings.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One reason, he said, is that spotting errors requires layers of knowledge and understanding of the context in which a statement is made.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You need good faith people who have looked at the whole breadth of literature out there, who have researched the topic in question.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katherine Maher, executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation, thinks\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the main problem with Facebook’s newsfeed is that the reasons it serves up certain stories are opaque.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are you receiving the information because it’s accurate, timely or important?\" she says. \"Or just because a lot of other people have been sharing it, regardless of its validity?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When people have that information, she believes, they're smart enough to make an informed decision as to whether that which has been placed before them is relevant or meaningless. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman, too, thinks \"Facebook and Twitter could learn a lot from the mechanisms Wikipedia has put into place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even Wikipedians acknowledge that they, too, have a lot of work to do when it comes to halting the spread of unvetted information. For example, just a small fraction of Wikipedia's health articles—\u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class%20featured%20health%20articles\" target=\"_blank\">63\u003c/a>—have received the highest quality grade by section editors. A page called \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\">Reliability of Wikipedia\u003c/a> points out the good and the bad. And the site keeps a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_hoaxes_on_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\">list of hoaxes\u003c/a> that have appeared on its pages, a number of which stayed visible for many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the months and maybe years ahead, Wikipedians -- and anyone involved in the gathering and dissemination of fact-based information, actually -- could have their work cut out for them. If the president-elect's own proclivity for \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/nov/28/donald-trump/donald-trumps-pants-fire-claim-millions-illegal-vo/\" target=\"_blank\">creating news out of whole cloth\u003c/a> is any indication, this problem is not going away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hHL_6s5eR8\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"While Facebook and other sites attempt to cope with the spread of fictitious news reports, Wikipedia has long taken steps to deal with the problem.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1482455137,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1372},"headData":{"title":"Wikipedia Handles Fake News With Humans, Not Algorithms | KQED","description":"While Facebook and other sites attempt to cope with the spread of fictitious news reports, Wikipedia has long taken steps to deal with the problem.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Wikipedia Handles Fake News With Humans, Not Algorithms","datePublished":"2016-12-23T01:00:25.000Z","dateModified":"2016-12-23T01:05:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"292699 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=292699","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/12/22/wikipedia-thinks-it-has-facebook-beat-on-fake-news/","disqusTitle":"Wikipedia Handles Fake News With Humans, Not Algorithms","source":"KQED Future of You","customPermalink":"2050/12/02/wikipedia-fake-news/","path":"/futureofyou/292699/wikipedia-thinks-it-has-facebook-beat-on-fake-news","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>“We have solved the fake news problem on Wikipedia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the bold assertion from Canadian ER doc and university professor James Heilman, speaking to KQED News last week. Heilman puts in roughly 60 hours weekly editing medical entries on the colossal online encyclopedia. He's the founder of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\">WikiProject Medicine\u003c/a>, a group of several hundred editors who have taken on the mission of making the site's medical pages more thorough and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/11/28/how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information/\" target=\"_blank\">accurate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'People who are involved in generating fake news -- that's a higher level of vandalism than a computer program can take care of.'\u003ccite>James Heilman, WikiProject Medicine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Fake news—fabricated reports related to current events—has received a lot of attention in the wake of President-elect Donald Trump’s unexpected victory over non-President-elect Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pundits and polls had assured the country that Clinton would be busy polishing her inaugural address by now. Was \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=fake+news&oq=fake+news\" target=\"_blank\">fake news\u003c/a> a factor in Trump's victory? We may never know, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/viral-fake-election-news-outperformed-real-news-on-facebook?utm_term=.wkgkYg5z7#.kdEDER4l2\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Buzzfeed analysis\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> found that the top-20 fake news stories received more Facebook shares, reactions and comments in the three months leading up to the election than the top-20 real news reports. A large majority of the phony stories overtly favored Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A New Age\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not too long ago, the barriers to entry for disseminating written information on a mass scale included financial resources enough to pay for millions of dollars worth of reporters, editors, layout designers, press operators, printing equipment, delivery trucks and \u003ca href=\"http://wtvr.com/2016/11/18/when-was-the-last-time-you-saw-a-kid-with-a-paper-route/\" target=\"_blank\">tweens on bikes\u003c/a> with poor aim. Short of that, you're handing out pamphlets on a street corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, you can run your own mass communications operation with little more than computer, a WordPress account and a little savvy about Facebook algorithms. Whether it's done for clicks, tricks or kicks, fake news has become a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs\" target=\"_blank\">profitable\u003c/a> cottage industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-295313\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"fiorefakenews\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2050/12/FioreFakeNews-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wikipedia, being a site that actually \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">invites\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> members of the public to write their own content with no vetting of their qualifications to do so, would seem to be ripe for an onslaught of material laden with inaccuracy and bias.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see people attempting to promote alternative medicine, we see people attempting to promote conventional medicine beyond the level of evidence that's available,” said Heilman, the medical editor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wikipedia polices the creation of new entries and changes to existing pages with both machine and human interventions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pages are \"analyzed by smart bots that deal with a large majority of low-level vandalism and many copyright issues,” Heilman wrote in an email. The \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:New_pages_patrol\" target=\"_blank\">New Pages Patrol, \u003c/a>consisting of seasoned human editors who have made at least 500 uncontested edits to Wikipedia pages, reviews every freshly created page. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wikipedia requires contributors to justify every assertion of fact in an article, and it has blacklisted \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_talk:Spam-blacklist#abcnews.com.co\" target=\"_blank\">certain sites\u003c/a> from being used as verification this way. Wikipedians can also put individual pages on watch lists, which will trigger notifications any time an edit is made. For example, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">HIV/AIDS page \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is currently monitored by almost a thousand editors, any of whom can jump in and quickly challenge changes they deem to be unreliable.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, some administrators can “protect” articles, so that only established editors can make changes. Editors who create consistently problematic content can be kicked off the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Heilman emailed me, he had just finished \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaccine&type=revision&diff=752549754&oldid=752547510%5D\" target=\"_blank\">reverting\u003c/a> an edit to the Wikipedia \"\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine\" target=\"_blank\">Vaccine\u003c/a>\" page back to its former state, due to a change made in the \"\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine#Adverse_effects\" target=\"_blank\">Adverse effects\u003c/a>\" section. The topic of vaccinations has spawned a lot of misinformation on exaggerated or even nonexistent risks, driving down inoculation rates in some communities. Below is the short-lived edit, followed by the original version that Heilman restored:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There is growing evidence that vaccines trigger autoimmune disease. A mass Hepatitis B vaccination program was halted in France in 1994 following a significant increase in incidence of multiple sclerosis 1-2 years following vaccination. In 2009, GSK's Pandemrix influenza vaccine was proven to trigger narcolepsy in multiple cases across Europe leading to multiple legal claims. Despite this growing evidence the medical establishment maintain that vaccinations given during childhood are generally safe.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reversion to previous entry:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Vaccination given during childhood is generally safe. The rate of side effects depends on the vaccine in question. Some common side effects include: fever, pain around the injection site, and muscle aches. Additionally, some individuals may be allergic to ingredients in the vaccine. MMR vaccine is rarely associated with febrile seizures.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Election on Wikipedia\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, a 28-year-old North Carolina man \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/12/05/pizzagate-shooter-washington-court/94995926/\" target=\"_blank\">shot off his assault weapon\u003c/a> in a Washington D.C. pizza restaurant. Afterward he reportedly told police he wanted to find the truth about a viral fake news story claiming the eatery was involved in a Democratic child prostitution ring. Contrast the rapid \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/fever-swamp-election?utm_term=.mmWdD3M53#.qqw71XQ3X\" target=\"_blank\">metastasizing\u003c/a> of the hoax with the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Draft:Pizzagate_(conspiracy_theory)\" target=\"_blank\">ongoing Wikipedia discussion\u003c/a> on whether to publish a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Pizzagate_(conspiracy_theory)\" target=\"_blank\">draft\u003c/a> page on the topic, and you can gain a little appreciation of the deliberate way Wikipedia contributors make decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another election article Wikipedians had to grapple with was “The Impeachment of Donald Trump,” created on Nov. 11. Just three hours after it went live, editors deleted it. The article, based on the opinions of two academics, said Trump's impeachment was “expected to occur sometime after inauguration.\" A handful of editors quickly \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Impeachment_of_Donald_Trump\" target=\"_blank\">came to the conclusion\u003c/a> that speculation by two people did not a valid Wikipedia entry make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Humans vs. Algorithms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook, where most of the fake news spread this election season, is now reportedly \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-could-develop-artificial-intelligence-to-weed-out-fake-news-1480608004\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">developing artificial intelligence \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to cope with the problem. Heilman doesn’t think that will be enough. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“People who are involved in generating fake news -- that's a higher level of vandalism than a computer program can take care of,\" he said. \"The only people who can manage to deal with that in my opinion is human beings.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One reason, he said, is that spotting errors requires layers of knowledge and understanding of the context in which a statement is made.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You need good faith people who have looked at the whole breadth of literature out there, who have researched the topic in question.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katherine Maher, executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation, thinks\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the main problem with Facebook’s newsfeed is that the reasons it serves up certain stories are opaque.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are you receiving the information because it’s accurate, timely or important?\" she says. \"Or just because a lot of other people have been sharing it, regardless of its validity?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When people have that information, she believes, they're smart enough to make an informed decision as to whether that which has been placed before them is relevant or meaningless. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman, too, thinks \"Facebook and Twitter could learn a lot from the mechanisms Wikipedia has put into place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even Wikipedians acknowledge that they, too, have a lot of work to do when it comes to halting the spread of unvetted information. For example, just a small fraction of Wikipedia's health articles—\u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class%20featured%20health%20articles\" target=\"_blank\">63\u003c/a>—have received the highest quality grade by section editors. A page called \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\">Reliability of Wikipedia\u003c/a> points out the good and the bad. And the site keeps a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_hoaxes_on_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\">list of hoaxes\u003c/a> that have appeared on its pages, a number of which stayed visible for many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the months and maybe years ahead, Wikipedians -- and anyone involved in the gathering and dissemination of fact-based information, actually -- could have their work cut out for them. If the president-elect's own proclivity for \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/nov/28/donald-trump/donald-trumps-pants-fire-claim-millions-illegal-vo/\" target=\"_blank\">creating news out of whole cloth\u003c/a> is any indication, this problem is not going away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/4hHL_6s5eR8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/4hHL_6s5eR8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/292699/wikipedia-thinks-it-has-facebook-beat-on-fake-news","authors":["80"],"categories":["futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_1141","futureofyou_1119"],"featImg":"futureofyou_295309","label":"source_futureofyou_292699"},"futureofyou_273934":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_273934","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"273934","score":null,"sort":[1480347049000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information","title":"How Do You Know Which Medical Information on Wikipedia to Trust?","publishDate":1480347049,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>James Heilman isn't an easy man to get a hold of; he kept offering us odd, off-hour windows of availability to do a phone interview. When we finally connected, he explained: He works the night shift as an emergency room physician in British Columbia. He also puts in time as a clinical assistant professor in emergency medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">\u003cstrong>How to check the accuracy of Wikipedia pages\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nYou can check how Wikipedians rate the quality and thoroughness of every entry on the encyclopedia by clicking on the \"Talk\" tab near the top left of each page. There you will find the page's rating, which will fall somewhere on this \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Assessment#Quality_scale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scale\u003c/a>. Here are lists of the health articles with the \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Classhttps://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=GA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">second-highest ratings\u003c/a>; these are the most trustworthy health entries.\u003c/span>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then there's the 60 -- count'em, 60 -- hours a week he toils away editing Wikipedia, the massive online encyclopedia written and edited by, well, anyone who wants to give it a whirl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My wife likes to joke that Wikipedia's my mistress; I prefer to call it our first child,” he says, chuckling with a tinge of self-awareness that he's gone a bit off the rails in his goal of making the copious health-related pages on the site more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how does an emergency doc become an obsessive Wikipedian?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 10 years ago, he says, during a quiet night shift, he got to browsing one of the medical articles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought, 'Oh, my God this is really bad,'\" he says. \"And then I saw the edit button, and I realized, oh, my God, I could fix the internet! I sort of got madly hooked. I’ve been trying to fix the Internet ever since.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Accuracy Questioned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of that quest was creating the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WikiProject Medicine\u003c/a> group, where 320 like-minded editors work on the site's \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_on_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health content. \u003c/a>Heilman estimates about half are medical professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"I thought ‘Oh, my God this is really bad.' And then I saw the edit button, and I realized, oh, my God, I could fix the internet!\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Reworking Wikipedia health entries is not a trivial task. A 2014 study found about 25,000 pages of English-language health-related articles. That number is now up to 32,000, Heilman says. The health pages worldwide attracted almost \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376174/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4.9 billion pageviews\u003c/a> in 2013. A 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/0142159X.2012.737064?scroll=top&needAccess=true&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">survey\u003c/a> of several hundred medical students found 94 percent use the site for health information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But despite its popularity, the reliability of Wikipedia's medical content has often been questioned. A 2011 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3241521/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">review \u003c/a>on the accuracy and thoroughness of the site's medical entries found mixed results. Other studies show that the site fell short in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276492\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gastroenterology and hepatology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://aop.sagepub.com/content/42/12/1814.abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drug information\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3193353/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statins\u003c/a> (later \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0106930#pone.0106930-Kupferberg1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improved\u003c/a>), and issues of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ijporlonline.com/article/S0165-5876(12)00336-9/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ear, nose and throat\u003c/a>. Other studies found the website provided better information in \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sdi.12059/epdf?r3_referer=wol&tracking_action=preview_click&show_checkout=1&purchase_referrer=onlinelibrary.wiley.com&purchase_site_license=LICENSE_DENIED_NO_CUSTOMER\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nephrology\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/quality-of-information-sources-about-mental-disorders-a-comparison-of-wikipedia-with-centrally-controlled-web-and-printed-sources/595CEE672BB7C503101FAF5A9E303673\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">depression and schizophrenia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">To get good health info online:\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check multiple, high-quality sources like those from academic and government institutions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be alert for sites that contain information that conflicts with other sources, a possible indication of low-quality information.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Consult \u003ca href=\"http://www.uptodate.com/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UpToDate\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PubMed\u003c/a>, and peer-reviewed journals for primary research on a topic.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If using Wikipedia, click the 'Talk' tab at the top of each page to see how the site's editors have rated the quality of the article. Look at the footnotes to check the sources of assertions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But just recently, in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(16)30254-6/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Lancet: Global Health, \u003c/a>\u003c/em>researchers reported that Wikipedia entries on stillbirths were missing critical information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24778001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> comparing peer-reviewed literature to the site's articles on 10 different widespread diseases and conditions found a significant number of assertions in the Wikipedia material that were unsupported by the evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman doesn't think much of that study; he co-wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://community-archive.cochrane.org/news/blog/wikipedia%E2%80%99s-medical-content-really-90-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rebuttal\u003c/a> to it with other medical experts/Wikipedians. Still, he acknowledges \"there's a lot of work to do\" to bring health entries up to snuff. The reality of that is borne out by the small number of health articles -- \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class%20featured%20health%20articles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">63\u003c/a> -- that have received the highest grade by Wikipedia editors. Those articles qualify as featured articles on the encyclopedia's front page. (The next-best level -- \"good\" -- contains a mere \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=GA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">200 articles\u003c/a>.) The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Assessment#Quality_scale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criteria\u003c/a> for a \"featured\" article is comprehensiveness, neutrality and accuracy. That means the information has been verified against high-quality sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Calls to Action\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/wikipedia-is-already-the-worlds-dr-google-its-time-for-doctors-and-researchers-to-make-it-better-66769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">article\u003c/a> last month on the academic publishing site \"The Conversation\" by Thomas Shafee, one of the researchers who wrote about Wikipedia's inadequate \"stillbirth\" entries, is headlined \"Wikipedia is already the world’s ‘Dr Google’ -- it’s time for doctors and researchers to make it better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Health professionals have a duty to improve the accuracy of medical entries in Wikipedia, because it’s the first port of call for people all over the world seeking medical information,\" Shafee wrote. \"The accuracy of the site is vital, because every medical entry... has the potential for immediate \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/4/08-056713/en/\">real-world health consequences\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree. University of California, San Francisco psychiatrist Amin Azzam recently co-authored a \u003ca href=\"http://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Abstract/publishahead/Why_Medical_Schools_Should_Embrace_Wikipedia__.98408.aspx\">report\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Academic Medicine \u003c/em>titled “Why Medical Schools Should Embrace Wikipedia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Improving Wikipedia\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to improve the entire site, including the health section, are underway. Hundreds of students in both the U.S. and Canada, for example, are working as editors through the \u003ca href=\"https://wikiedu.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wiki Education Foundation\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization based in San Francisco that acts as a bridge between Wikipedia and academia. The organization encourages university faculty to assign students Wikipedia entries as a part of coursework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rather than write a biography of a woman scientist for their class that their instructor would read and throw away and never engage in again,\" says the foundation's LiAnna Davis, \"these students instead have the opportunity to create content for Wikipedia where thousands of people can gain from their work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmacology students at the University of California, San Francisco, for example, are \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:UCSF_School_of_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">working to improve entries\u003c/a> on popular drugs like the HIV antiviral drug \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacavir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Abacavir\u003c/a>. Students in a voice disorders class at McGill University in Montreal are adding information about \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">laryngitis\u003c/a>. Students fill in missing information, improve gross inadequacies, and rewrite articles using fewer technical terms to appeal to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, 280 science classes at universities in the U.S. and Canada have added content to 3,650 articles and generated 300 new entries receiving more than 102 million views, says Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman points to many efforts to improve articles, and a \u003ca href=\"http://translatorswithoutborders.org/?s=wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">collaboration\u003c/a> with the group Translators Without Borders to rewrite Wikipedia medical content in as many languages as possible. That \u003ca href=\"https://opensource.com/life/16/11/support-indian-languages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">includes Odia\u003c/a>, spoken by tens of millions of people in India that is not included in\u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Google Translate\u003c/a>. Heilman also cites as a success the Wikipedia entry for dengue fever, which was published in the peer-reviewed open-access journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4242787/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agencies are also tapping Wikipedia. The National Institutes of Health is creating an online biomedical \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/topics/health/a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dictionary\u003c/a> for PubMed Health. which provides consumer-friendly research information.\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/topics/health/a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003c/a>The NIH usually creates the definitions by drawing on material in its own collection, but sometimes It will use Wikipedia as a source. Both organizations benefit, as the NIH will flag Heilman if it comes across something inaccurate in the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman fervently hopes more health and science academics and professionals will help expand the accuracy of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I spend a fair amount of time trying to convince my colleagues to come work on Wikipedia,\" he says. \"As a physician I believe all people deserve access to quality health care information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to Find Good Health Info\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So ... after all is said and done, how should the average person approach looking for health information on the Web?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azzam, the UCSF psychiatrist who called for medical schools to embrace Wikipedia, would actually first send patients to government sites like the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and National Library of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of those sites have information targeting 'lay' people,\" he wrote in an email. \"Additionally there are national advocacy organizations for specific disease and/or health conditions. For example, as a psychiatrist I will refer my patients and their families to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who do use Wikipedia, he recommends using the \"Talk\" tab near the top left of every page. That will take you to a rating of how thorough and accurate Wikipedia editors think the page is. He also looks at the references that each assertion of fact in Wikipedia entries are required to link to. (You can do this by clicking on the superscript numbers at the end of a sentence.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That gives me some idea of how much to trust the content,\" Azzam says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recommends consulting multiple sources to ferret out any outliers, a method that is \"effectively a proxy measure for validity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to consult material that health professionals use themselves, he recommends \u003ca href=\"http://www.uptodate.com/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UpToDate\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PubMed\u003c/a>, and peer-reviewed journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health information is on a \"continuum,\" he believes, with subscription-only top tier scholarly journals on one end and the user-created Wikipedia on the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe [journal] content to be the scientific truth as we know it because content experts have peer-reviewed the manuscripts,\" he says. \"But the challenge at that extreme is gaining access to that knowledge, especially with high-cost subscription charges.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is why he's working with students to improve Wikipedia, \"pulling that pole toward the other end of the spectrum.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since so many consumers of health information online are reading that content, I want to be a part of a movement to make it as high quality as possible!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Heilman, the avid health editor, he also recommends checking multiple, high-quality sources when looking for specific health information, paying attention to what they agree on. But that doesn't mean he's going to give up on improving Wikipedia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a physician, I can help one person at a time,\" he says. \"But as a Wikipedian, I can make a difference in millions and millions of people’s lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Medical professionals and students are working to improve Wikipedia entries on health and medicine in hopes of providing more reliable information to the public. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1504652839,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":1752},"headData":{"title":"How Do You Know Which Medical Information on Wikipedia to Trust? | KQED","description":"Medical professionals and students are working to improve Wikipedia entries on health and medicine in hopes of providing more reliable information to the public. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Do You Know Which Medical Information on Wikipedia to Trust?","datePublished":"2016-11-28T15:30:49.000Z","dateModified":"2017-09-05T23:07:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"273934 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=273934","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/11/28/how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information/","disqusTitle":"How Do You Know Which Medical Information on Wikipedia to Trust?","source":"Future of You","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2016/11/WEBWikipediaMedicineTwoWay161128.mp3","path":"/futureofyou/273934/how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>James Heilman isn't an easy man to get a hold of; he kept offering us odd, off-hour windows of availability to do a phone interview. When we finally connected, he explained: He works the night shift as an emergency room physician in British Columbia. He also puts in time as a clinical assistant professor in emergency medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">\u003cstrong>How to check the accuracy of Wikipedia pages\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nYou can check how Wikipedians rate the quality and thoroughness of every entry on the encyclopedia by clicking on the \"Talk\" tab near the top left of each page. There you will find the page's rating, which will fall somewhere on this \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Assessment#Quality_scale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scale\u003c/a>. Here are lists of the health articles with the \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Classhttps://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=GA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">second-highest ratings\u003c/a>; these are the most trustworthy health entries.\u003c/span>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then there's the 60 -- count'em, 60 -- hours a week he toils away editing Wikipedia, the massive online encyclopedia written and edited by, well, anyone who wants to give it a whirl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My wife likes to joke that Wikipedia's my mistress; I prefer to call it our first child,” he says, chuckling with a tinge of self-awareness that he's gone a bit off the rails in his goal of making the copious health-related pages on the site more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how does an emergency doc become an obsessive Wikipedian?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 10 years ago, he says, during a quiet night shift, he got to browsing one of the medical articles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought, 'Oh, my God this is really bad,'\" he says. \"And then I saw the edit button, and I realized, oh, my God, I could fix the internet! I sort of got madly hooked. I’ve been trying to fix the Internet ever since.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Accuracy Questioned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of that quest was creating the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WikiProject Medicine\u003c/a> group, where 320 like-minded editors work on the site's \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_on_Wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health content. \u003c/a>Heilman estimates about half are medical professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"I thought ‘Oh, my God this is really bad.' And then I saw the edit button, and I realized, oh, my God, I could fix the internet!\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Reworking Wikipedia health entries is not a trivial task. A 2014 study found about 25,000 pages of English-language health-related articles. That number is now up to 32,000, Heilman says. The health pages worldwide attracted almost \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376174/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4.9 billion pageviews\u003c/a> in 2013. A 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/0142159X.2012.737064?scroll=top&needAccess=true&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">survey\u003c/a> of several hundred medical students found 94 percent use the site for health information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But despite its popularity, the reliability of Wikipedia's medical content has often been questioned. A 2011 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3241521/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">review \u003c/a>on the accuracy and thoroughness of the site's medical entries found mixed results. Other studies show that the site fell short in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276492\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gastroenterology and hepatology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://aop.sagepub.com/content/42/12/1814.abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drug information\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3193353/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statins\u003c/a> (later \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0106930#pone.0106930-Kupferberg1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improved\u003c/a>), and issues of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ijporlonline.com/article/S0165-5876(12)00336-9/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ear, nose and throat\u003c/a>. Other studies found the website provided better information in \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sdi.12059/epdf?r3_referer=wol&tracking_action=preview_click&show_checkout=1&purchase_referrer=onlinelibrary.wiley.com&purchase_site_license=LICENSE_DENIED_NO_CUSTOMER\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nephrology\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/quality-of-information-sources-about-mental-disorders-a-comparison-of-wikipedia-with-centrally-controlled-web-and-printed-sources/595CEE672BB7C503101FAF5A9E303673\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">depression and schizophrenia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: normal\">To get good health info online:\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check multiple, high-quality sources like those from academic and government institutions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be alert for sites that contain information that conflicts with other sources, a possible indication of low-quality information.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Consult \u003ca href=\"http://www.uptodate.com/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UpToDate\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PubMed\u003c/a>, and peer-reviewed journals for primary research on a topic.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If using Wikipedia, click the 'Talk' tab at the top of each page to see how the site's editors have rated the quality of the article. Look at the footnotes to check the sources of assertions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But just recently, in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(16)30254-6/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Lancet: Global Health, \u003c/a>\u003c/em>researchers reported that Wikipedia entries on stillbirths were missing critical information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24778001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> comparing peer-reviewed literature to the site's articles on 10 different widespread diseases and conditions found a significant number of assertions in the Wikipedia material that were unsupported by the evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman doesn't think much of that study; he co-wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://community-archive.cochrane.org/news/blog/wikipedia%E2%80%99s-medical-content-really-90-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rebuttal\u003c/a> to it with other medical experts/Wikipedians. Still, he acknowledges \"there's a lot of work to do\" to bring health entries up to snuff. The reality of that is borne out by the small number of health articles -- \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=FA-Class%20featured%20health%20articles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">63\u003c/a> -- that have received the highest grade by Wikipedia editors. Those articles qualify as featured articles on the encyclopedia's front page. (The next-best level -- \"good\" -- contains a mere \u003ca href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/enwp10/cgi-bin/list2.fcgi?run=yes&projecta=Medicine&quality=GA-Class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">200 articles\u003c/a>.) The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Assessment#Quality_scale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criteria\u003c/a> for a \"featured\" article is comprehensiveness, neutrality and accuracy. That means the information has been verified against high-quality sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Calls to Action\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/wikipedia-is-already-the-worlds-dr-google-its-time-for-doctors-and-researchers-to-make-it-better-66769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">article\u003c/a> last month on the academic publishing site \"The Conversation\" by Thomas Shafee, one of the researchers who wrote about Wikipedia's inadequate \"stillbirth\" entries, is headlined \"Wikipedia is already the world’s ‘Dr Google’ -- it’s time for doctors and researchers to make it better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Health professionals have a duty to improve the accuracy of medical entries in Wikipedia, because it’s the first port of call for people all over the world seeking medical information,\" Shafee wrote. \"The accuracy of the site is vital, because every medical entry... has the potential for immediate \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/4/08-056713/en/\">real-world health consequences\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree. University of California, San Francisco psychiatrist Amin Azzam recently co-authored a \u003ca href=\"http://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Abstract/publishahead/Why_Medical_Schools_Should_Embrace_Wikipedia__.98408.aspx\">report\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Academic Medicine \u003c/em>titled “Why Medical Schools Should Embrace Wikipedia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Improving Wikipedia\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to improve the entire site, including the health section, are underway. Hundreds of students in both the U.S. and Canada, for example, are working as editors through the \u003ca href=\"https://wikiedu.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wiki Education Foundation\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization based in San Francisco that acts as a bridge between Wikipedia and academia. The organization encourages university faculty to assign students Wikipedia entries as a part of coursework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rather than write a biography of a woman scientist for their class that their instructor would read and throw away and never engage in again,\" says the foundation's LiAnna Davis, \"these students instead have the opportunity to create content for Wikipedia where thousands of people can gain from their work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmacology students at the University of California, San Francisco, for example, are \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:UCSF_School_of_Medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">working to improve entries\u003c/a> on popular drugs like the HIV antiviral drug \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacavir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Abacavir\u003c/a>. Students in a voice disorders class at McGill University in Montreal are adding information about \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">laryngitis\u003c/a>. Students fill in missing information, improve gross inadequacies, and rewrite articles using fewer technical terms to appeal to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, 280 science classes at universities in the U.S. and Canada have added content to 3,650 articles and generated 300 new entries receiving more than 102 million views, says Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman points to many efforts to improve articles, and a \u003ca href=\"http://translatorswithoutborders.org/?s=wikipedia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">collaboration\u003c/a> with the group Translators Without Borders to rewrite Wikipedia medical content in as many languages as possible. That \u003ca href=\"https://opensource.com/life/16/11/support-indian-languages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">includes Odia\u003c/a>, spoken by tens of millions of people in India that is not included in\u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Google Translate\u003c/a>. Heilman also cites as a success the Wikipedia entry for dengue fever, which was published in the peer-reviewed open-access journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4242787/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agencies are also tapping Wikipedia. The National Institutes of Health is creating an online biomedical \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/topics/health/a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dictionary\u003c/a> for PubMed Health. which provides consumer-friendly research information.\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/topics/health/a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003c/a>The NIH usually creates the definitions by drawing on material in its own collection, but sometimes It will use Wikipedia as a source. Both organizations benefit, as the NIH will flag Heilman if it comes across something inaccurate in the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heilman fervently hopes more health and science academics and professionals will help expand the accuracy of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I spend a fair amount of time trying to convince my colleagues to come work on Wikipedia,\" he says. \"As a physician I believe all people deserve access to quality health care information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to Find Good Health Info\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So ... after all is said and done, how should the average person approach looking for health information on the Web?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azzam, the UCSF psychiatrist who called for medical schools to embrace Wikipedia, would actually first send patients to government sites like the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and National Library of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of those sites have information targeting 'lay' people,\" he wrote in an email. \"Additionally there are national advocacy organizations for specific disease and/or health conditions. For example, as a psychiatrist I will refer my patients and their families to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who do use Wikipedia, he recommends using the \"Talk\" tab near the top left of every page. That will take you to a rating of how thorough and accurate Wikipedia editors think the page is. He also looks at the references that each assertion of fact in Wikipedia entries are required to link to. (You can do this by clicking on the superscript numbers at the end of a sentence.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That gives me some idea of how much to trust the content,\" Azzam says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recommends consulting multiple sources to ferret out any outliers, a method that is \"effectively a proxy measure for validity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to consult material that health professionals use themselves, he recommends \u003ca href=\"http://www.uptodate.com/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UpToDate\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PubMed\u003c/a>, and peer-reviewed journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health information is on a \"continuum,\" he believes, with subscription-only top tier scholarly journals on one end and the user-created Wikipedia on the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe [journal] content to be the scientific truth as we know it because content experts have peer-reviewed the manuscripts,\" he says. \"But the challenge at that extreme is gaining access to that knowledge, especially with high-cost subscription charges.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is why he's working with students to improve Wikipedia, \"pulling that pole toward the other end of the spectrum.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since so many consumers of health information online are reading that content, I want to be a part of a movement to make it as high quality as possible!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Heilman, the avid health editor, he also recommends checking multiple, high-quality sources when looking for specific health information, paying attention to what they agree on. But that doesn't mean he's going to give up on improving Wikipedia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a physician, I can help one person at a time,\" he says. \"But as a Wikipedian, I can make a difference in millions and millions of people’s lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/273934/how-accurate-is-wikipedias-medical-information","authors":["11229","80"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_452","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_141","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_113","futureofyou_1119"],"featImg":"futureofyou_274048","label":"source_futureofyou_273934"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. 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The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. 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