Pets Deserve Evidence-Based Medicine, Too, Says The SkeptVet
For Some With Mental Illness, Pets Considered Among Closest Social Ties
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It depends on the breed and other factors. Talk to your vet, he advises, about pros, cons and timing.","publishDate":1504644396,"status":"inherit","parent":435189,"modified":1504644959,"caption":"The notion that every dog or cat should be neutered at 6 months isn't based on evidence, says veterinarian Brennen McKenzie, author of The SkeptVet blog. It depends on the breed and other factors. Talk to your vet, he advises, about pros, cons and timing.","credit":"katoosha/iStockphoto/Getty Images","description":"The notion that every dog or cat should be neutered at 6 months isn't based on evidence, says veterinarian \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Brennen McKenzie, author of The SkeptVet blog. It depends on the breed and other factors. 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You'll find no shortage of ardent testimonials and ads for sketchy or unproven treatments on the Web.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley veterinarian Brennen McKenzie worries that some of the same pseudoscience that is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/17/537711453/seeking-online-medical-advice-googles-top-results-arent-always-on-target\">rampant in human medicine\u003c/a> is leading pet owners astray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKenzie's blog, \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/\">The SkeptVet\u003c/a>, aims to bring a calm voice of evidence-based skepticism in analyzing medical options for dogs and cats. McKenzie works at the Adobe Animal Hospital in Los Altos, Calif., and is a past president of the \u003ca href=\"https://ebvma.org/\">Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association\u003c/a>. Once a researcher who studied monkey behavior, he earned his veterinary medicine degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SkeptVet is a labor of love; McKenzie gets no outside funding for it. I recently spoke with him about blogging, pseudoscience and his 19-year-old pet corn snake. The interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does the world need skeptical veterinarians?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pet owners need to know the pros and cons of health care options for their pets to make good decisions. \"Skeptic\" doesn't mean someone who automatically rejects new or unfamiliar ideas. It's someone who refrains from judging a claim until they have examined the evidence dispassionately — someone who gives preference to scientific evidence over personal experience, anecdote, tradition or history.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think the biggest misconception is that there is a simple, across-the-board, right answer to if and when you should neuter your pet. That's not the case, because biology is too complex for that.'\u003ccite>Brennen McKenzie, Veterinarian and author of The SkeptVet blog\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That's particularly critical on the Internet, where information about alternative therapies is most often marketing information. Or it's provided by people who obviously believe in these therapies and don't necessarily want to disclose their limitations. Pet owners who have a negative experience with a therapy rarely bother to tell anybody else about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In your writings, you speak out a lot against veterinary pseudoscience. What are some examples?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pseudoscience takes the form both of recommending things that are not helpful and discouraging the use of things that are. There are certain therapies that we know are not helpful because there's been adequate research and study showing that. A classic example is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/02/504004506/time-for-homeopathic-remedies-to-prove-that-they-work\">homeopathic remedies\u003c/a>, which true believers will argue can cure cancer, autoimmune disease or almost any illness, in both pets and in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nccih.nih.gov/health/homeopathy\">Homeopathy\u003c/a> makes the claim that administering a substance that triggers disease symptoms can have curative powers, if it's diluted in water or alcohol to the point where none of it actually remains. The substance can be nearly anything — from a plant or animal to moonlight or a piece of the Berlin Wall. Homeopathy has never been shown to be useful in good-quality scientific studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These homeopathic products are available over the counter in most pharmacies despite being useless, because they are generally considered harmless (except, of course, when used as a substitute for effective medical treatment). Any direct harm of homeopathic remedies typically comes from improper production, which leads to biologically significant levels of the original material or to contaminants. That is uncommon, although of course it does occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side is pseudoscience that undermines what we know about science-based medicine. Take anti-vaccine activism: Some people claim that \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2014/11/rabies-vaccines-aggression-in-dogs-pure-pseudoscientific-fear-mongering/\">veterinary vaccines\u003c/a> should be avoided because their risks are greater than their benefits and they cause all sorts of horrible diseases. But there's no evidence that vaccines actually do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about widely used conventional treatments in veterinary medicine? Are there any that you think aren't warranted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Dg10cOLAGl70eg0BwDQjnHscBwgbn3wB\"]Sure. I mean, the beauty and frustration of science is that it progresses over time and that things that we believe at one point may not turn out to be true later. Or that as we refine our knowledge, we have to give up things that we believe in. There are definitely practices like that in conventional, science-based medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example is annual boosters of core veterinary vaccines for animals. Science has shown for quite a while that yearly boosters for certain specific diseases, such as distemper and parvovirus, are unproductive. It's not clear that it's harmful, but it's certainly not needed. I think that conventional veterinarians have been slow to give that up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You've blogged about how there are a lot of misconceptions about the pros and cons of \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2013/04/benefits-and-risks-of-neutering-an-evidence-based-approach/\">\u003cstrong>neutering a pet\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>. Where do people go wrong there?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the biggest misconception is that there is a simple, across-the-board, right answer to if and when you should neuter your pet. That's not the case, because biology is too complex for that. Broad rules such as \"every dog should be neutered at six months,\" or \"no pet should be neutered at all\" — none of those are justifiable because the answer is, frustratingly, \"It depends.\" It depends on the breed, on the age, on the particular balance of risks and benefits that you're talking about. The reality is that you should have a lengthy, nuanced discussion with your veterinarian about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lots of pet owners will swear that their animals benefited from an alternative therapy, whether it's turmeric or \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/04/535060331/some-marijuana-derived-treatments-aim-to-soothe-skittish-pets\">\u003cstrong>cannabis-based extracts\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>. What's the trouble with relying on these anecdotes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's totally understandable why those kinds of experiences are compelling. But things that look to us like simple, straightforward relationships may not be. You know, the classic example is, every time I wash my car, it rains. We know that that is not a reasonable cause-and-effect relationship, because we understand how the weather works. But there were times in history when people believed that your personal actions could influence the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medicine is incredibly complex, and it is very difficult to identify a true response to a treatment simply by watching to see what happens, based only on our personal observations. Because there are so many factors involved in what happens next. And that's the reason why we have research studies that make an effort to control for sources of error. We know that science works better, because our own individual judgment and \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2015/02/dont-believe-your-eyes-or-your-brain/\">observations are not reliable\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What feedback do you get from readers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With any controversial topic, I get a ton of \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2015/05/skeptvet-gets-hate-mail-update-2015/\">hate mail\u003c/a>. A regular stream of \"How dare you — this worked for me and you're just awful\" or \"You're a tool of the pharmaceutical industry.\" But I also get a lot of people who write, \"Oh, thank God, finally, somebody is willing to ask questions or be critical of these things,\" because it's often so unpopular to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have pets?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have two dogs: Max, a 10-year-old Boston terrier, and Brodie, a 4-year-old mutt from the shelter. And I have a 19-year-old corn snake named Tess. My wife, who is both afraid of snakes and a wonderfully supportive person, bought me a snake when I was in vet school because I wanted to learn more about exotic pets. I don't think she realized that corn snakes can live well into their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Have you ever tried a therapy for your pets that didn't have much scientific evidence behind it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I previously had some dogs who were older and had arthritis, around when I first started practicing veterinary medicine. I put one of them on glucosamine because more experienced colleagues said it was helpful. I hadn't yet started looking at evidence-based medicine. I did not perceive any change in my dog, and overall, the scientific evidence of meaningful benefit from glucosamine is very weak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But being a skeptic doesn't mean that I'm saying people should never use these kinds of things. There are definitely circumstances where trying something for which there is very little evidence is totally appropriate. I'm simply saying that pet owners need to be fully informed about the uncertainty and risks and benefits involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pets+Deserve+Evidence-Based+Medicine%2C+Too%2C+Says+The+SkeptVet&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Veterinarian Brennen McKenzie writes The SkeptVet, a blog that pushes for evidence-based medicine instead of relying on tradition, anecdotes or pseudoscience in the treatment of cats and dogs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1504645258,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1367},"headData":{"title":"Pets Deserve Evidence-Based Medicine, Too, Says The SkeptVet | KQED","description":"Veterinarian Brennen McKenzie writes The SkeptVet, a blog that pushes for evidence-based medicine instead of relying on tradition, anecdotes or pseudoscience in the treatment of cats and dogs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Pets Deserve Evidence-Based Medicine, Too, Says The SkeptVet","datePublished":"2017-09-06T07:01:45.000Z","dateModified":"2017-09-05T21:00:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"435189 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=435189","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/09/06/pets-deserve-evidence-based-medicine-too-says-the-skeptvet/","disqusTitle":"Pets Deserve Evidence-Based Medicine, Too, Says The SkeptVet","nprImageCredit":"katoosha","nprByline":"Ingfei Chen\u003c/br>NPR Shots","nprImageAgency":"iStockphoto/Getty Images","nprStoryId":"547420275","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=547420275&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/09/03/547420275/pets-deserve-evidence-based-medicine-too-says-the-skeptvet?ft=nprml&f=547420275","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sun, 03 Sep 2017 07:37:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Sun, 03 Sep 2017 06:00:22 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sun, 03 Sep 2017 07:37:06 -0400","path":"/futureofyou/435189/pets-deserve-evidence-based-medicine-too-says-the-skeptvet","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hunting for good medical advice for your ailing kitty or pup? You'll find no shortage of ardent testimonials and ads for sketchy or unproven treatments on the Web.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley veterinarian Brennen McKenzie worries that some of the same pseudoscience that is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/17/537711453/seeking-online-medical-advice-googles-top-results-arent-always-on-target\">rampant in human medicine\u003c/a> is leading pet owners astray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKenzie's blog, \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/\">The SkeptVet\u003c/a>, aims to bring a calm voice of evidence-based skepticism in analyzing medical options for dogs and cats. McKenzie works at the Adobe Animal Hospital in Los Altos, Calif., and is a past president of the \u003ca href=\"https://ebvma.org/\">Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association\u003c/a>. Once a researcher who studied monkey behavior, he earned his veterinary medicine degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SkeptVet is a labor of love; McKenzie gets no outside funding for it. I recently spoke with him about blogging, pseudoscience and his 19-year-old pet corn snake. The interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does the world need skeptical veterinarians?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pet owners need to know the pros and cons of health care options for their pets to make good decisions. \"Skeptic\" doesn't mean someone who automatically rejects new or unfamiliar ideas. It's someone who refrains from judging a claim until they have examined the evidence dispassionately — someone who gives preference to scientific evidence over personal experience, anecdote, tradition or history.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think the biggest misconception is that there is a simple, across-the-board, right answer to if and when you should neuter your pet. That's not the case, because biology is too complex for that.'\u003ccite>Brennen McKenzie, Veterinarian and author of The SkeptVet blog\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That's particularly critical on the Internet, where information about alternative therapies is most often marketing information. Or it's provided by people who obviously believe in these therapies and don't necessarily want to disclose their limitations. Pet owners who have a negative experience with a therapy rarely bother to tell anybody else about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In your writings, you speak out a lot against veterinary pseudoscience. What are some examples?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pseudoscience takes the form both of recommending things that are not helpful and discouraging the use of things that are. There are certain therapies that we know are not helpful because there's been adequate research and study showing that. A classic example is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/02/504004506/time-for-homeopathic-remedies-to-prove-that-they-work\">homeopathic remedies\u003c/a>, which true believers will argue can cure cancer, autoimmune disease or almost any illness, in both pets and in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nccih.nih.gov/health/homeopathy\">Homeopathy\u003c/a> makes the claim that administering a substance that triggers disease symptoms can have curative powers, if it's diluted in water or alcohol to the point where none of it actually remains. The substance can be nearly anything — from a plant or animal to moonlight or a piece of the Berlin Wall. Homeopathy has never been shown to be useful in good-quality scientific studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These homeopathic products are available over the counter in most pharmacies despite being useless, because they are generally considered harmless (except, of course, when used as a substitute for effective medical treatment). Any direct harm of homeopathic remedies typically comes from improper production, which leads to biologically significant levels of the original material or to contaminants. That is uncommon, although of course it does occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side is pseudoscience that undermines what we know about science-based medicine. Take anti-vaccine activism: Some people claim that \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2014/11/rabies-vaccines-aggression-in-dogs-pure-pseudoscientific-fear-mongering/\">veterinary vaccines\u003c/a> should be avoided because their risks are greater than their benefits and they cause all sorts of horrible diseases. But there's no evidence that vaccines actually do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about widely used conventional treatments in veterinary medicine? Are there any that you think aren't warranted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Sure. I mean, the beauty and frustration of science is that it progresses over time and that things that we believe at one point may not turn out to be true later. Or that as we refine our knowledge, we have to give up things that we believe in. There are definitely practices like that in conventional, science-based medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example is annual boosters of core veterinary vaccines for animals. Science has shown for quite a while that yearly boosters for certain specific diseases, such as distemper and parvovirus, are unproductive. It's not clear that it's harmful, but it's certainly not needed. I think that conventional veterinarians have been slow to give that up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You've blogged about how there are a lot of misconceptions about the pros and cons of \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2013/04/benefits-and-risks-of-neutering-an-evidence-based-approach/\">\u003cstrong>neutering a pet\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>. Where do people go wrong there?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the biggest misconception is that there is a simple, across-the-board, right answer to if and when you should neuter your pet. That's not the case, because biology is too complex for that. Broad rules such as \"every dog should be neutered at six months,\" or \"no pet should be neutered at all\" — none of those are justifiable because the answer is, frustratingly, \"It depends.\" It depends on the breed, on the age, on the particular balance of risks and benefits that you're talking about. The reality is that you should have a lengthy, nuanced discussion with your veterinarian about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lots of pet owners will swear that their animals benefited from an alternative therapy, whether it's turmeric or \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/04/535060331/some-marijuana-derived-treatments-aim-to-soothe-skittish-pets\">\u003cstrong>cannabis-based extracts\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>. What's the trouble with relying on these anecdotes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's totally understandable why those kinds of experiences are compelling. But things that look to us like simple, straightforward relationships may not be. You know, the classic example is, every time I wash my car, it rains. We know that that is not a reasonable cause-and-effect relationship, because we understand how the weather works. But there were times in history when people believed that your personal actions could influence the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medicine is incredibly complex, and it is very difficult to identify a true response to a treatment simply by watching to see what happens, based only on our personal observations. Because there are so many factors involved in what happens next. And that's the reason why we have research studies that make an effort to control for sources of error. We know that science works better, because our own individual judgment and \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2015/02/dont-believe-your-eyes-or-your-brain/\">observations are not reliable\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What feedback do you get from readers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With any controversial topic, I get a ton of \u003ca href=\"http://skeptvet.com/Blog/2015/05/skeptvet-gets-hate-mail-update-2015/\">hate mail\u003c/a>. A regular stream of \"How dare you — this worked for me and you're just awful\" or \"You're a tool of the pharmaceutical industry.\" But I also get a lot of people who write, \"Oh, thank God, finally, somebody is willing to ask questions or be critical of these things,\" because it's often so unpopular to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have pets?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have two dogs: Max, a 10-year-old Boston terrier, and Brodie, a 4-year-old mutt from the shelter. And I have a 19-year-old corn snake named Tess. My wife, who is both afraid of snakes and a wonderfully supportive person, bought me a snake when I was in vet school because I wanted to learn more about exotic pets. I don't think she realized that corn snakes can live well into their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Have you ever tried a therapy for your pets that didn't have much scientific evidence behind it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I previously had some dogs who were older and had arthritis, around when I first started practicing veterinary medicine. I put one of them on glucosamine because more experienced colleagues said it was helpful. I hadn't yet started looking at evidence-based medicine. I did not perceive any change in my dog, and overall, the scientific evidence of meaningful benefit from glucosamine is very weak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But being a skeptic doesn't mean that I'm saying people should never use these kinds of things. There are definitely circumstances where trying something for which there is very little evidence is totally appropriate. I'm simply saying that pet owners need to be fully informed about the uncertainty and risks and benefits involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pets+Deserve+Evidence-Based+Medicine%2C+Too%2C+Says+The+SkeptVet&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/435189/pets-deserve-evidence-based-medicine-too-says-the-skeptvet","authors":["byline_futureofyou_435189"],"categories":["futureofyou_1"],"tags":["futureofyou_972","futureofyou_1275","futureofyou_1192","futureofyou_1147","futureofyou_1351"],"collections":["futureofyou_1097"],"featImg":"futureofyou_435190","label":"futureofyou_1097"},"futureofyou_299594":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_299594","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"299594","score":null,"sort":[1481732997000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-some-with-mental-illness-pets-considered-among-closest-social-ties","title":"For Some With Mental Illness, Pets Considered Among Closest Social Ties","publishDate":1481732997,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>Any pet owner will tell you that their animal companions comfort and sustain them when life gets rough. This may be especially true for people with serious mental illness, a study finds. When people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder were asked who or what helped them manage the condition, many said it was pets that helped the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I'm feeling really low they are wonderful because they won't leave my side for two days,\" one study participant with two dogs and two cats, \"They just stay with me until I am ready to come out of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another person said of their pet birds: \"If I didn't have my pets I think I would be on my own. You know what I mean, so it's — it's nice to come home and, you know, listen to the birds singing and that, you know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people with serious mental illness live at home and have limited contact with the health care system, says Helen Brooks, a mental health researcher at University of Manchester in the United Kingdom and the lead author on the study, which was \u003ca href=\"https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-016-1111-3\">published Friday\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>BMC Psychiatry\u003c/em>. So they're doing a lot of the work of managing their conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks says, \"Many felt deep emotional connections with their pet that weren't available from friends and family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks and her colleagues interviewed 54 people with serious long-term mental illnesses. Twenty-five of them considered their pets to be a part of their social network. The scientists asked who they went to when they needed help or advice, where they gained emotional support and encouragement and how they spent their days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The participants were then given a diagram with three consecutive circles radiating out from a square representing the participant. They were asked to write the people, places and things that gave them support into the circles, with the circles closest to the center being the most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty percent of the people who considered pets to be a part of their social networks placed them in the central, most important circle — the same place many people put close family and social workers. 20 percent placed pets in the second circle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interviews with participants are poignant, and reveal the struggle and isolation that can come with mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's really hard when you haven't had a mental illness to know what the actual experience is [like],\" said one participant. \"There's like a chasm, deep chasm between us ... [Other people are] on one side of it, and we're on the other side of it. We're sending smoke signals to each other to try and understand each other but we don't always — we don't always understand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with mental illnesses often see their social groups shrink and find themselves alienated from their friends. For many of these people, says Brooks, animals can break through the isolation. They give affection without needing to understand the disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Pets] don't look at the scars on your arms,\" one participant said. \"They don't question where you've been.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pets provided more than just emotional support and companionship, participants said. The animals also could distract them from their illness, even from severe psychosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One study participant placed birds in his closest social circle. When he was hearing voices, he said that they \"help me in the sense, you know, I'm not thinking about the voices, I'm just thinking of when I hear the birds singing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another participant said that merely seeing a hamster climbing the bars on the cage and acting cute helped with some difficult situations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And having to take care of pets keeps people from withdrawing from the world. \"They force me, the cats force me to sort of still be involved,\" said one participant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another said that walking the dog helped them get out of the house and with people. \"That surprised me, you know, the amount of people that stop and talk to him, and that, yeah, it cheers me up with him. I haven't got much in my life, but he's quite good, yeah.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The routine these pets provide is really important for people,\" says Brooks. \"Getting up in the morning to feed them and groom them and walk them, giving them structure and a sense of purpose that they won't otherwise have.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the study participants are unemployed because of their illness, she notes. Having a pet that was well taken care of was a source of pride for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Longsjo, the program director of adult services at \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcleanhospital.org/programs/mclean-southeast-adult-psychiatric-inpatient-program\">McLean Southeast\u003c/a>, an inpatient mental facility in Middleborough, Mass., says that the interviews in the study reflect his professional experiences. \"We have so many patients come through, and we always ask them about their support system. Sometimes its family members, sometimes its friends, but it's very common to hear about pets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he does patient intake surveys, Longsjo says that he includes pets in their risk assessments. Patients with pets often say the animals help keep them from following through on suicidal thinking, because they know their pets depend on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The social workers at McLean also incorporate pets into their aftercare planning, encouraging patients to make walking and grooming their pets a part of their routine. \"I think there's significant value in considering the common everyday pet to be as important as the relationships one has with one's family in the course of their treatment,\" says Longsjo. He feels this study is important because, although there's a lot of work looking at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/03/09/146583986/pet-therapy-how-animals-and-humans-heal-each-other\">benefits of trained therapy animals\u003c/a>, they can be expensive and out of the reach of many patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks hopes that more health workers will consider incorporating pets into care plans for people with mental illness. Many of her participants said that sometimes it felt like their pets could sense when they needed help the most, and were able to provide it — just like the owners took care of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one person in the study said, \"When he comes up and sits beside you on a night, it's different, you know. It's just, like, he needs me as much as I need him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pets+Help+People+Manage+The+Pain+Of+Serious+Mental+Illness+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"People living with schizophrenia or other serious mental illnesses say a pet can be not just a comforting companion but a reason to stay engaged with other people — and with life.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1481732997,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":1070},"headData":{"title":"For Some With Mental Illness, Pets Considered Among Closest Social Ties | KQED","description":"People living with schizophrenia or other serious mental illnesses say a pet can be not just a comforting companion but a reason to stay engaged with other people — and with life.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"For Some With Mental Illness, Pets Considered Among Closest Social Ties","datePublished":"2016-12-14T16:29:57.000Z","dateModified":"2016-12-14T16:29:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"299594 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=299594","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/12/14/for-some-with-mental-illness-pets-considered-among-closest-social-ties/","disqusTitle":"For Some With Mental Illness, Pets Considered Among Closest Social Ties","nprImageCredit":"Gary John Norman","nprByline":"Erin Ross\u003cbr />NPR Shots","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"504971146","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=504971146&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/09/504971146/pets-help-people-manage-life-with-serious-mental-illness?ft=nprml&f=504971146","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 12 Dec 2016 15:00:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 09 Dec 2016 13:55:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 12 Dec 2016 15:00:53 -0500","path":"/futureofyou/299594/for-some-with-mental-illness-pets-considered-among-closest-social-ties","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Any pet owner will tell you that their animal companions comfort and sustain them when life gets rough. This may be especially true for people with serious mental illness, a study finds. When people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder were asked who or what helped them manage the condition, many said it was pets that helped the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I'm feeling really low they are wonderful because they won't leave my side for two days,\" one study participant with two dogs and two cats, \"They just stay with me until I am ready to come out of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another person said of their pet birds: \"If I didn't have my pets I think I would be on my own. You know what I mean, so it's — it's nice to come home and, you know, listen to the birds singing and that, you know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people with serious mental illness live at home and have limited contact with the health care system, says Helen Brooks, a mental health researcher at University of Manchester in the United Kingdom and the lead author on the study, which was \u003ca href=\"https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-016-1111-3\">published Friday\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>BMC Psychiatry\u003c/em>. So they're doing a lot of the work of managing their conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks says, \"Many felt deep emotional connections with their pet that weren't available from friends and family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks and her colleagues interviewed 54 people with serious long-term mental illnesses. Twenty-five of them considered their pets to be a part of their social network. The scientists asked who they went to when they needed help or advice, where they gained emotional support and encouragement and how they spent their days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The participants were then given a diagram with three consecutive circles radiating out from a square representing the participant. They were asked to write the people, places and things that gave them support into the circles, with the circles closest to the center being the most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty percent of the people who considered pets to be a part of their social networks placed them in the central, most important circle — the same place many people put close family and social workers. 20 percent placed pets in the second circle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interviews with participants are poignant, and reveal the struggle and isolation that can come with mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's really hard when you haven't had a mental illness to know what the actual experience is [like],\" said one participant. \"There's like a chasm, deep chasm between us ... [Other people are] on one side of it, and we're on the other side of it. We're sending smoke signals to each other to try and understand each other but we don't always — we don't always understand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with mental illnesses often see their social groups shrink and find themselves alienated from their friends. For many of these people, says Brooks, animals can break through the isolation. They give affection without needing to understand the disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Pets] don't look at the scars on your arms,\" one participant said. \"They don't question where you've been.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pets provided more than just emotional support and companionship, participants said. The animals also could distract them from their illness, even from severe psychosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One study participant placed birds in his closest social circle. When he was hearing voices, he said that they \"help me in the sense, you know, I'm not thinking about the voices, I'm just thinking of when I hear the birds singing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another participant said that merely seeing a hamster climbing the bars on the cage and acting cute helped with some difficult situations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And having to take care of pets keeps people from withdrawing from the world. \"They force me, the cats force me to sort of still be involved,\" said one participant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another said that walking the dog helped them get out of the house and with people. \"That surprised me, you know, the amount of people that stop and talk to him, and that, yeah, it cheers me up with him. I haven't got much in my life, but he's quite good, yeah.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The routine these pets provide is really important for people,\" says Brooks. \"Getting up in the morning to feed them and groom them and walk them, giving them structure and a sense of purpose that they won't otherwise have.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the study participants are unemployed because of their illness, she notes. Having a pet that was well taken care of was a source of pride for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Longsjo, the program director of adult services at \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcleanhospital.org/programs/mclean-southeast-adult-psychiatric-inpatient-program\">McLean Southeast\u003c/a>, an inpatient mental facility in Middleborough, Mass., says that the interviews in the study reflect his professional experiences. \"We have so many patients come through, and we always ask them about their support system. Sometimes its family members, sometimes its friends, but it's very common to hear about pets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he does patient intake surveys, Longsjo says that he includes pets in their risk assessments. Patients with pets often say the animals help keep them from following through on suicidal thinking, because they know their pets depend on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The social workers at McLean also incorporate pets into their aftercare planning, encouraging patients to make walking and grooming their pets a part of their routine. \"I think there's significant value in considering the common everyday pet to be as important as the relationships one has with one's family in the course of their treatment,\" says Longsjo. He feels this study is important because, although there's a lot of work looking at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/03/09/146583986/pet-therapy-how-animals-and-humans-heal-each-other\">benefits of trained therapy animals\u003c/a>, they can be expensive and out of the reach of many patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks hopes that more health workers will consider incorporating pets into care plans for people with mental illness. Many of her participants said that sometimes it felt like their pets could sense when they needed help the most, and were able to provide it — just like the owners took care of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one person in the study said, \"When he comes up and sits beside you on a night, it's different, you know. It's just, like, he needs me as much as I need him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pets+Help+People+Manage+The+Pain+Of+Serious+Mental+Illness+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/299594/for-some-with-mental-illness-pets-considered-among-closest-social-ties","authors":["byline_futureofyou_299594"],"categories":["futureofyou_452","futureofyou_1"],"tags":["futureofyou_1146","futureofyou_1147"],"featImg":"futureofyou_299595","label":"futureofyou"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. 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Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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