Biotech Tries To Break Bread With Silicon Valley’s Disruptors. It’s Awkward.
Hacked Medical Devices Still a Big Threat in 2016
Millions of Americans Use Medical Devices That May Be Vulnerable to Hacking
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It’s Awkward.","publishDate":1521071132,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Startup Culture | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The multitrillion-dollar drug industry is trying to disrupt with the kids, and it’s running into a communications gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At SXSW, the weeklong TED Talk with a music festival in there somewhere, biotech this week has been trying to elbow its way into a conference that has ceded most of its time to tech, with its promises of a currency revolution, Martian colonization, and a hack for anything that moves.[contextly_sidebar id=\"b3t2Gwn1qYHaRu5v5ezcsHmmU5wc8UBh\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber and Spotify hosted line-out-the-door events that fit the SXSW ethos, the drug industry’s efforts have mostly amounted to awkward attempts to speak the native language, like when Bristol-Myers Squibb, a 130-year-old pharmaceutical giant, tried to entice conference-goers with a session on “hacking childhood cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a biotech-focused panel on drugs to stop aging. And a steeped-in-science discussion of how new technologies might be used to boost brain performance. But each was dwarfed, in interest and attendance, by tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the culture collision may be self-evident. No one told Larry Page he needed a placebo-controlled clinical trial to search the internet, and no one forced Mark Zuckerberg to endure a Food and Drug Administration inspection. Why should the would-be disruptors of biology play by biotech’s rules?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the culture of Silicon Valley — move quickly, break objects — doesn’t always jibe with the realities of biotech. Investment timelines are painfully long and scientific sparks more often than not go dim on closer inspection. California’s moneyed incumbents didn’t get rich off the life sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That phenomenon exists, pointing out that the tech VCs don’t have Ph.D.s,” said Laura Deming, founder of a biotech venture capital firm called Longevity Fund, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 546px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"546\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 546px) 100vw, 546px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">23andMe CEO Anne Wojcicki, speaking at the annual SXSW festival in Austin, Texas in March 2014. (Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Deming believes the phenomenon is more a reflection of time than seriousness. Not long ago, biotech funds were staffed by investors who made money elsewhere and saw promise in the drug business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I talk to these biotech VCs and it’s like, ‘Look, guys, your lead partner is an investment banker,’” Deming said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She believes tech investors will catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Hack Your Employees’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDeming has a foot in both worlds. Her fund, which raised $22 million last year, is focused on biotech companies that do drug development the old-fashioned way, with patented molecules and clinical trials and interminable meetings with the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her bio reads like Silicon Valley fan fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeschooled in New Zealand, she became fascinated by the concept of aging when she was 8, wrapping her head around why her elderly grandmother could not do the same things as the rest of her family. At 11, she cold-emailed Cynthia Kenyon, a University of California, San Francisco, scientist renowned for her work in the field, and by 12, she had a job in Kenyon’s lab. Then, at 16, she enrolled at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, from which she would, of course, drop out after two years in order to return to the Valley and become a VC.[contextly_sidebar id=\"EBaaTzfCuKbBQA4p0bc9SKblWtuWTEfX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Literally, I looked like a preteen, and I couldn’t talk to people,” she said of her early fundraising efforts. Now she’s 23, and Longevity Fund has stakes in five biotech startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them is Unity Biotechnology, a company hoping to blunt the effects of aging by targeting bodily cells that are too old to multiply. Unity President Ned David, in a leather motorcycle jacket and a painted-on Joy Division shirt, delivered a SXSW presentation that, while lively, was not dissimilar to what biotech companies do at investor conferences — here’s how our drug works and here’s how and when we’re going to test it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet as David explained the long regulatory road awaiting his company as it worked through clinical trials, a man looked up from his MacBook Air to ask what “biohacks” — diets, sleep schedules, drugs used without a doctor’s OK — might do the exact same thing right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Literally, I looked like a preteen, and I couldn’t talk to people.' \u003ccite>Laura Deming, Longevity Fund\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At SXSW, that’s a popular question. The day before, in a ballroom roughly four times as large as the one that hosted Unity, attendees packed in to ask the same question and hope for a different answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m here to make the argument that you have a moral imperative, if you’re an employer, to hack your employees,” said Dave Asprey, founder of Bulletproof 360, during a session called “Would You Let Your Boss Biohack You?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asprey’s company sells products with names like Brain Octane Oil, containing supplements Silicon Valley calls \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2016/02/19/brain-hackers-nootropics/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nootropics\u003c/a>, which are purported to enhance cognitive function. He is also a biohacker. That means he takes nootropics to improve his performance in life, refuses to ingest a long list of chemicals that includes fluoride, and averages six hours and six minutes of sleep every night. During his talk, Asprey was wearing sienna-toned sunglasses, which, he explained, were hacking the light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Bulletproof, every employee has access to nootropics and is encouraged to expand his or her mind accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asprey is particularly fond of modafinil, which he calls “the Limitless drug” in reference to a 2011 movie in which Bradley Cooper finds a pill that makes him a genius. Sold under the brand name Provigil, modafinil got Asprey through the Wharton School, he said, and it has “the safety profile of ibuprofen,” a statement with which the Drug Enforcement Administration would disagree.[contextly_sidebar id=\"qF9rRUa2RjIaBihZWnAUPSxFoiPwZ5DN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hank Greely, a professor of biomedical ethics at Stanford, finds the whole thing a little absurd. Most nootropics are innocuous supplements with insufficient data to back up their claims but no safety risks that should preclude their use, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for modafinil, “it’s great for staying awake, and I guess staying awake is a cognitive enhancement,” Greely said. But clinical trials on stimulants like modafinil have led to mixed or negative results on whether drug-induced wakefulness actually makes people better at using their brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bad news is, right now the best thing we have is pretty much caffeine,” Greely said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Meet Dr. Grasshopper\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIf science might turn up its nose at the disruptors, some disruptors are prepared to return the favor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heshan Illangkoon is a self-diagnosed polymath who divides his time as an entrepreneur in residence at the University of Florida between astrobiology and synthetic biology. He goes by Dr. Grasshopper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among his scores of business ideas is one derived from surprisingly hairy mice. He and his fellow Ph.D. scientists dosed lab mice with a bunch of insulin and noticed that they began sprouting hair. When they took a look at the follicles, they realized it was the result of a hormone called IG1, which reared up in response to the insulin. Now they’ve got plans to whip up a hormone-laced gel they believe could safely replicate that phenomenon on the bald pates of humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a billion-dollar product right there,” Illangkoon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what about the years-long process of getting FDA approval?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If science might turn up its nose at the disruptors, some disruptors are prepared to return the favor.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Illangkoon responded with a not-fit-for-print suggestion for what could be done with the FDA. He then retrieved from the pocket of his pastel pink pants a handheld genome sequencer to demonstrate how new technology has democratized what had once been monopolized by the gatekeepers of Big Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the floor of SXSW’s cavernous trade show, biotech wasn’t faring any better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowd flocked to demonstrations of augmented reality machines and VR headsets, stepping around carpet-bound robots that promised to broadcast WiFi, stage a lightsaber duel, or just fetch a beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Away from the hordes, tucked in the southwest corner of the sprawling convention center were SXSW’s “health” exhibitors, a crop of personal genomics companies and medical data startups that attracted a fraction of the onlookers one can get with a dancing robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"YK3tCyprCw9U67hDxs8Ds6zbFCpwuA0L\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only biotech exhibitor was Foregen, a company “promoting genital integrity through regenerative medicine,” according to the business card of Tyler Drozd, its lead director. That means using stem cells to turn foreskins from a donor into transplantable tissues for men who seeking to reverse their circumcisions or just otherwise want a new foreskin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there a market for that? Drozd says there are 130 million men who “might be interested” in the U.S. alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And there’s 3,000 more every day,” said Drozd, who uses air quotes when speaking the phrase “circumcision for medical reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foregen is currently crowdfunded, but it’s working with “a Wall Street guy” to raise a Series A and hopes to start human clinical trials in 2019, Drozd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside, a man made laps around the conference on a motorized scooter, wearing a sign with the word “Circumcision” followed by emojis depicting vomiting, being sad, and weeping in agony, and ending with a simple directive: “YouTube that ish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His work was unrelated to Foregen’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/03/14/sxsw-biotech/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The culture of Silicon Valley doesn’t always jibe with the realities of biotech. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1521074455,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":43,"wordCount":1654},"headData":{"title":"Biotech Tries To Break Bread With Silicon Valley’s Disruptors. It’s Awkward. | KQED","description":"The culture of Silicon Valley doesn’t always jibe with the realities of biotech. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Biotech Tries To Break Bread With Silicon Valley’s Disruptors. It’s Awkward.","datePublished":"2018-03-14T23:45:32.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-15T00:40:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"440163 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440163","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/14/biotech-tries-to-break-bread-with-silicon-valleys-disruptors-its-awkward/","disqusTitle":"Biotech Tries To Break Bread With Silicon Valley’s Disruptors. It’s Awkward.","source":"Startup Culture","nprByline":"Damian Garde\u003cbr />STAT News","path":"/futureofyou/440163/biotech-tries-to-break-bread-with-silicon-valleys-disruptors-its-awkward","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The multitrillion-dollar drug industry is trying to disrupt with the kids, and it’s running into a communications gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At SXSW, the weeklong TED Talk with a music festival in there somewhere, biotech this week has been trying to elbow its way into a conference that has ceded most of its time to tech, with its promises of a currency revolution, Martian colonization, and a hack for anything that moves.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber and Spotify hosted line-out-the-door events that fit the SXSW ethos, the drug industry’s efforts have mostly amounted to awkward attempts to speak the native language, like when Bristol-Myers Squibb, a 130-year-old pharmaceutical giant, tried to entice conference-goers with a session on “hacking childhood cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a biotech-focused panel on drugs to stop aging. And a steeped-in-science discussion of how new technologies might be used to boost brain performance. But each was dwarfed, in interest and attendance, by tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the culture collision may be self-evident. No one told Larry Page he needed a placebo-controlled clinical trial to search the internet, and no one forced Mark Zuckerberg to endure a Food and Drug Administration inspection. Why should the would-be disruptors of biology play by biotech’s rules?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the culture of Silicon Valley — move quickly, break objects — doesn’t always jibe with the realities of biotech. Investment timelines are painfully long and scientific sparks more often than not go dim on closer inspection. California’s moneyed incumbents didn’t get rich off the life sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That phenomenon exists, pointing out that the tech VCs don’t have Ph.D.s,” said Laura Deming, founder of a biotech venture capital firm called Longevity Fund, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 546px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"546\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2014/09/Wojcicki-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 546px) 100vw, 546px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">23andMe CEO Anne Wojcicki, speaking at the annual SXSW festival in Austin, Texas in March 2014. (Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Deming believes the phenomenon is more a reflection of time than seriousness. Not long ago, biotech funds were staffed by investors who made money elsewhere and saw promise in the drug business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I talk to these biotech VCs and it’s like, ‘Look, guys, your lead partner is an investment banker,’” Deming said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She believes tech investors will catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Hack Your Employees’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDeming has a foot in both worlds. Her fund, which raised $22 million last year, is focused on biotech companies that do drug development the old-fashioned way, with patented molecules and clinical trials and interminable meetings with the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her bio reads like Silicon Valley fan fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeschooled in New Zealand, she became fascinated by the concept of aging when she was 8, wrapping her head around why her elderly grandmother could not do the same things as the rest of her family. At 11, she cold-emailed Cynthia Kenyon, a University of California, San Francisco, scientist renowned for her work in the field, and by 12, she had a job in Kenyon’s lab. Then, at 16, she enrolled at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, from which she would, of course, drop out after two years in order to return to the Valley and become a VC.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Literally, I looked like a preteen, and I couldn’t talk to people,” she said of her early fundraising efforts. Now she’s 23, and Longevity Fund has stakes in five biotech startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them is Unity Biotechnology, a company hoping to blunt the effects of aging by targeting bodily cells that are too old to multiply. Unity President Ned David, in a leather motorcycle jacket and a painted-on Joy Division shirt, delivered a SXSW presentation that, while lively, was not dissimilar to what biotech companies do at investor conferences — here’s how our drug works and here’s how and when we’re going to test it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet as David explained the long regulatory road awaiting his company as it worked through clinical trials, a man looked up from his MacBook Air to ask what “biohacks” — diets, sleep schedules, drugs used without a doctor’s OK — might do the exact same thing right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Literally, I looked like a preteen, and I couldn’t talk to people.' \u003ccite>Laura Deming, Longevity Fund\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At SXSW, that’s a popular question. The day before, in a ballroom roughly four times as large as the one that hosted Unity, attendees packed in to ask the same question and hope for a different answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m here to make the argument that you have a moral imperative, if you’re an employer, to hack your employees,” said Dave Asprey, founder of Bulletproof 360, during a session called “Would You Let Your Boss Biohack You?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asprey’s company sells products with names like Brain Octane Oil, containing supplements Silicon Valley calls \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2016/02/19/brain-hackers-nootropics/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nootropics\u003c/a>, which are purported to enhance cognitive function. He is also a biohacker. That means he takes nootropics to improve his performance in life, refuses to ingest a long list of chemicals that includes fluoride, and averages six hours and six minutes of sleep every night. During his talk, Asprey was wearing sienna-toned sunglasses, which, he explained, were hacking the light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Bulletproof, every employee has access to nootropics and is encouraged to expand his or her mind accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asprey is particularly fond of modafinil, which he calls “the Limitless drug” in reference to a 2011 movie in which Bradley Cooper finds a pill that makes him a genius. Sold under the brand name Provigil, modafinil got Asprey through the Wharton School, he said, and it has “the safety profile of ibuprofen,” a statement with which the Drug Enforcement Administration would disagree.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hank Greely, a professor of biomedical ethics at Stanford, finds the whole thing a little absurd. Most nootropics are innocuous supplements with insufficient data to back up their claims but no safety risks that should preclude their use, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for modafinil, “it’s great for staying awake, and I guess staying awake is a cognitive enhancement,” Greely said. But clinical trials on stimulants like modafinil have led to mixed or negative results on whether drug-induced wakefulness actually makes people better at using their brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bad news is, right now the best thing we have is pretty much caffeine,” Greely said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Meet Dr. Grasshopper\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIf science might turn up its nose at the disruptors, some disruptors are prepared to return the favor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heshan Illangkoon is a self-diagnosed polymath who divides his time as an entrepreneur in residence at the University of Florida between astrobiology and synthetic biology. He goes by Dr. Grasshopper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among his scores of business ideas is one derived from surprisingly hairy mice. He and his fellow Ph.D. scientists dosed lab mice with a bunch of insulin and noticed that they began sprouting hair. When they took a look at the follicles, they realized it was the result of a hormone called IG1, which reared up in response to the insulin. Now they’ve got plans to whip up a hormone-laced gel they believe could safely replicate that phenomenon on the bald pates of humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a billion-dollar product right there,” Illangkoon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what about the years-long process of getting FDA approval?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If science might turn up its nose at the disruptors, some disruptors are prepared to return the favor.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Illangkoon responded with a not-fit-for-print suggestion for what could be done with the FDA. He then retrieved from the pocket of his pastel pink pants a handheld genome sequencer to demonstrate how new technology has democratized what had once been monopolized by the gatekeepers of Big Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the floor of SXSW’s cavernous trade show, biotech wasn’t faring any better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowd flocked to demonstrations of augmented reality machines and VR headsets, stepping around carpet-bound robots that promised to broadcast WiFi, stage a lightsaber duel, or just fetch a beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Away from the hordes, tucked in the southwest corner of the sprawling convention center were SXSW’s “health” exhibitors, a crop of personal genomics companies and medical data startups that attracted a fraction of the onlookers one can get with a dancing robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only biotech exhibitor was Foregen, a company “promoting genital integrity through regenerative medicine,” according to the business card of Tyler Drozd, its lead director. That means using stem cells to turn foreskins from a donor into transplantable tissues for men who seeking to reverse their circumcisions or just otherwise want a new foreskin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there a market for that? Drozd says there are 130 million men who “might be interested” in the U.S. alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And there’s 3,000 more every day,” said Drozd, who uses air quotes when speaking the phrase “circumcision for medical reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foregen is currently crowdfunded, but it’s working with “a Wall Street guy” to raise a Series A and hopes to start human clinical trials in 2019, Drozd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside, a man made laps around the conference on a motorized scooter, wearing a sign with the word “Circumcision” followed by emojis depicting vomiting, being sad, and weeping in agony, and ending with a simple directive: “YouTube that ish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His work was unrelated to Foregen’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/03/14/sxsw-biotech/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/440163/biotech-tries-to-break-bread-with-silicon-valleys-disruptors-its-awkward","authors":["byline_futureofyou_440163"],"series":["futureofyou_110"],"categories":["futureofyou_1062"],"tags":["futureofyou_1166","futureofyou_647","futureofyou_509","futureofyou_87","futureofyou_109","futureofyou_35","futureofyou_340"],"featImg":"futureofyou_440165","label":"source_futureofyou_440163"},"futureofyou_100556":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_100556","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"100556","score":null,"sort":[1453769123000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"hacked-medical-devices-still-a-big-threat-in-2016","title":"Hacked Medical Devices Still a Big Threat in 2016","publishDate":1453769123,"format":"image","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>Hackers aren’t just breaking into email accounts and online banking systems anymore. They’re also exploiting healthcare—going after \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-anthem-hack-fallout-20150206-story.html\">electronic medical records\u003c/a>, wifi enabled medical devices and even remotely controlled surgical robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical devices and records have emerged as big cyber security risks. That’s why the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/\">Food and Drug Administration\u003c/a> recently proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm481968.htm\">new guidelines\u003c/a> for how medical device manufacturers should secure their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the FDA's recommendations, manufacturers are being asked to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Develop a risk management program that includes a plan for when a vulnerability is discovered.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Write disclosure policies, so hospitals and patients understand which aspects of a device may be less secure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Release regular software and hardware updates for medical devices after they’re on the market.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>[Scroll down to see three real life cyber security attacks] \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But security experts, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.schneier.com/\">Bruce Schneier\u003c/a>, say non-legally binding guidelines are just not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's basically industry best practice,\" says Schneier. \"But without enforcement, it's just pleading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics are concerned that the responsibility is still primarily left up to manufacturers to disclose when a device has been hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Watchdog president Jamie Court says recommendations are not enough and we won't see new laws until public officials are affected. \"All its gonna take is one congressman’s defibrillator being hacked and we’ll have some new laws really quickly,\" according to Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA is \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2016/01/22/2016-01172/postmarket-management-of-cybersecurity-in-medical-devices-draft-guidance-for-industry-and-food-and\">taking public comments\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/downloads/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/GuidanceDocuments/UCM482022.pdf\">guidelines\u003c/a> until April 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on to see three real life situations the FDA guidance is designed to prevent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Security Experts Hack a Surgical Robot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">Remote surgery—where a surgeon in one location controls a medical robot in another—is extremely useful in places that don't have trained medical experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For these long distance operations, doctors often use a low-quality connection to the internet, or even wifi. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.washington.edu/news/2015/05/07/uw-researchers-hack-a-teleoperated-surgical-robot-to-reveal-security-flaws/\">researchers at the University of Washington\u003c/a> proved they could hack into these public communication systems that control teleoperated robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They accessed the network that controlled the robot and disrupted the signals, making the robot’s movement jerky and difficult to control. And by moving the robotic arms too quickly or beyond a predetermined point they could get the robot to shut down completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this had occurred during an actual life-saving procedure the outcome could have been fatal. Fortunately the researchers also figured out ways to encrypt the device—the exact type of precaution the FDA encourages in its new draft guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hacker Proves He Can Kill a Patient Through a Drug Pump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103164\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">In 2013 cybersecurity expert \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/billyrios\">Billy Rios\u003c/a> remotely \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/08/03/millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking/\">hacked into a Hospira infusion pump\u003c/a>. The pump releases controlled amounts of a substance and can be used to administer insulin to a diabetic or chemotherapy drugs to a cancer patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're found in almost every hospital and usually sit next to a patient's bed. Hundreds of them can be monitored and controlled from a central station in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rios ordered the pump off of eBay for $100 and was able to figure out the device's pre-programmed password by reading its technical manuals. This information, in conjunction with knowledge about the device's software and what network it was operating on was enough to give him access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He then proved he could remotely administer a lethal dose of drugs through the Hospira pump. Luckily Rios is a benign or \"white hat hacker\" and turned over his findings to the Department of Homeland security. His report galvanized the FDA to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/AlertsandNotices/ucm456815.htm\">issue its first warning\u003c/a> about a medical device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hackers Demand Ransom for Medical Records\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103165\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_MediaRecords\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">When \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-ucla-medical-data-20150717-story.html\">4.5 million UCLA medical records\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/anthem-hacked-database-included-78-8-million-people-1424807364\">78.8 million Anthem medical records \u003c/a>were hacked it made major headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But smaller healthcare organizations aren't immune and one incident, north of Chicago, resembled a bank heist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthgrades.com/group-directory/il-illinois/libertyville/surgeons-of-lake-county-llc-ooo8pmb\">Surgeons of Lake County\u003c/a>, a small medical practice in Illinois, \u003ca href=\"https://www.send2press.com/newswire/2012-07-0720-001.shtml\">fell victim to a digital data breach\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hackers accessed the practice's server where e-mails and more than 7,000 electronic medical records were stored. The hackers then encrypted the files and demanded a ransom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doctors refused to comply and alerted local authorities. They also offered free credit monitoring services to patients following the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical practice would not discuss the investigation. But the practice issued a press release to alert the public and the Department of Health and Human Services included the hack on its website, which lists \u003ca href=\"https://ocrportal.hhs.gov/ocr/breach/breach_report.jsf\">breaches affecting 500 or more individuals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news—the FDA says it hasn't received any reports of fatal cybersecurity breaches, which hospitals and device makers are required to report.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In the U.S., hackers and security experts have accessed medical records, drug pumps and surgical robots, but the FDA is hoping to prevent this with its new cybersecurity guide.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1456895911,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":813},"headData":{"title":"Hacked Medical Devices Still a Big Threat in 2016 | KQED","description":"In the U.S., hackers and security experts have accessed medical records, drug pumps and surgical robots, but the FDA is hoping to prevent this with its new cybersecurity guide.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Hacked Medical Devices Still a Big Threat in 2016","datePublished":"2016-01-26T00:45:23.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-02T05:18:31.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"100556 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=100556","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/01/25/hacked-medical-devices-still-a-big-threat-in-2016/","disqusTitle":"Hacked Medical Devices Still a Big Threat in 2016","path":"/futureofyou/100556/hacked-medical-devices-still-a-big-threat-in-2016","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hackers aren’t just breaking into email accounts and online banking systems anymore. They’re also exploiting healthcare—going after \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-anthem-hack-fallout-20150206-story.html\">electronic medical records\u003c/a>, wifi enabled medical devices and even remotely controlled surgical robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical devices and records have emerged as big cyber security risks. That’s why the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/\">Food and Drug Administration\u003c/a> recently proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm481968.htm\">new guidelines\u003c/a> for how medical device manufacturers should secure their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the FDA's recommendations, manufacturers are being asked to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Develop a risk management program that includes a plan for when a vulnerability is discovered.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Write disclosure policies, so hospitals and patients understand which aspects of a device may be less secure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Release regular software and hardware updates for medical devices after they’re on the market.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>[Scroll down to see three real life cyber security attacks] \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But security experts, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.schneier.com/\">Bruce Schneier\u003c/a>, say non-legally binding guidelines are just not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's basically industry best practice,\" says Schneier. \"But without enforcement, it's just pleading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics are concerned that the responsibility is still primarily left up to manufacturers to disclose when a device has been hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Watchdog president Jamie Court says recommendations are not enough and we won't see new laws until public officials are affected. \"All its gonna take is one congressman’s defibrillator being hacked and we’ll have some new laws really quickly,\" according to Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA is \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2016/01/22/2016-01172/postmarket-management-of-cybersecurity-in-medical-devices-draft-guidance-for-industry-and-food-and\">taking public comments\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/downloads/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/GuidanceDocuments/UCM482022.pdf\">guidelines\u003c/a> until April 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on to see three real life situations the FDA guidance is designed to prevent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Security Experts Hack a Surgical Robot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_SurgicalRobot-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">Remote surgery—where a surgeon in one location controls a medical robot in another—is extremely useful in places that don't have trained medical experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For these long distance operations, doctors often use a low-quality connection to the internet, or even wifi. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.washington.edu/news/2015/05/07/uw-researchers-hack-a-teleoperated-surgical-robot-to-reveal-security-flaws/\">researchers at the University of Washington\u003c/a> proved they could hack into these public communication systems that control teleoperated robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They accessed the network that controlled the robot and disrupted the signals, making the robot’s movement jerky and difficult to control. And by moving the robotic arms too quickly or beyond a predetermined point they could get the robot to shut down completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this had occurred during an actual life-saving procedure the outcome could have been fatal. Fortunately the researchers also figured out ways to encrypt the device—the exact type of precaution the FDA encourages in its new draft guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hacker Proves He Can Kill a Patient Through a Drug Pump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103164\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_InfusionPump_160125-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">In 2013 cybersecurity expert \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/billyrios\">Billy Rios\u003c/a> remotely \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/08/03/millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking/\">hacked into a Hospira infusion pump\u003c/a>. The pump releases controlled amounts of a substance and can be used to administer insulin to a diabetic or chemotherapy drugs to a cancer patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're found in almost every hospital and usually sit next to a patient's bed. Hundreds of them can be monitored and controlled from a central station in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rios ordered the pump off of eBay for $100 and was able to figure out the device's pre-programmed password by reading its technical manuals. This information, in conjunction with knowledge about the device's software and what network it was operating on was enough to give him access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He then proved he could remotely administer a lethal dose of drugs through the Hospira pump. Luckily Rios is a benign or \"white hat hacker\" and turned over his findings to the Department of Homeland security. His report galvanized the FDA to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/AlertsandNotices/ucm456815.htm\">issue its first warning\u003c/a> about a medical device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hackers Demand Ransom for Medical Records\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-103165\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords.jpg\" alt=\"FDA_Icon_MediaRecords\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords.jpg 142w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/01/FDA_Icon_MediaRecords-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\">When \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-ucla-medical-data-20150717-story.html\">4.5 million UCLA medical records\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/anthem-hacked-database-included-78-8-million-people-1424807364\">78.8 million Anthem medical records \u003c/a>were hacked it made major headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But smaller healthcare organizations aren't immune and one incident, north of Chicago, resembled a bank heist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthgrades.com/group-directory/il-illinois/libertyville/surgeons-of-lake-county-llc-ooo8pmb\">Surgeons of Lake County\u003c/a>, a small medical practice in Illinois, \u003ca href=\"https://www.send2press.com/newswire/2012-07-0720-001.shtml\">fell victim to a digital data breach\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hackers accessed the practice's server where e-mails and more than 7,000 electronic medical records were stored. The hackers then encrypted the files and demanded a ransom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doctors refused to comply and alerted local authorities. They also offered free credit monitoring services to patients following the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical practice would not discuss the investigation. But the practice issued a press release to alert the public and the Department of Health and Human Services included the hack on its website, which lists \u003ca href=\"https://ocrportal.hhs.gov/ocr/breach/breach_report.jsf\">breaches affecting 500 or more individuals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news—the FDA says it hasn't received any reports of fatal cybersecurity breaches, which hospitals and device makers are required to report.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/100556/hacked-medical-devices-still-a-big-threat-in-2016","authors":["5432"],"categories":["futureofyou_452","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_508","futureofyou_38","futureofyou_509","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_510"],"featImg":"futureofyou_103139","label":"futureofyou"},"futureofyou_12279":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_12279","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"12279","score":null,"sort":[1438606844000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking","title":"Millions of Americans Use Medical Devices That May Be Vulnerable to Hacking","publishDate":1438606844,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2015/08/20150803ScienceMedicaldeviceshacking.mp3\u003cbr>\nYou have passwords for your smart phone and laptop, but what about your pacemaker or insulin pump?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, the federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/AlertsandNotices/ucm456815.htm\">Food and Drug Administration recommended\u003c/a> that all hospitals in California and across the country stop using a medical device that it says is vulnerable to cyber attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Someone will find a reason to change a counter on an insulin pump or take over a defibrillator just because they can.'\u003ccite>Jamie Court,\u003cbr>\nConsumer Watchdog president\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The device is an infusion pump that delivers medications or nutrients to patients. A hacker who accessed it could change the drug dosage to give a patient not enough -- or a lethal amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California security expert Billy Rios says he identified the problem \u003ca href=\"http://xs-sniper.com/blog/\" target=\"_blank\">more than a year ago\u003c/a> and notified the FDA and the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some of these pumps are really dangerous,\" says Rios, who founded digital security company Laconicly. \"If we ever gain access to a hospital network and we know of a vulnerability affecting a particular device, what that really means is we can go from one location and touch one hundred different devices all at once.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pumps are not the only medical devices vulnerable to hacking. More than 10 million Americans rely on devices like pacemakers and defibrillators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/MmQZIRJPfLM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: medium\">(Cyber security expert Billy Rios remotely hacks into Hospira’s Symbiq infusion pump, which the FDA has encouraged all medical centers to stop using .)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are a fan of the Showtime television series \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/63176830\">Homeland\u003c/a>, you may remember an episode where assassins killed the vice president by hacking into his pacemaker and disabling it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This episode wasn’t just Hollywood making up stuff. Former Vice President Dick Cheney was so \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/US/vice-president-dick-cheney-feared-pacemaker-hacking/story?id=20621434\">afraid of a cyber attack on his own pacemaker\u003c/a> that he had the wireless feature on it disabled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As technology has become more connected, so have medical devices. While some, like pacemakers, can only send information, others, can send and receive data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that leaves some patients vulnerable to a hacker trying to harm them or use their device as a portal to access medical data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the tools that are required to do software debugging, to get software off of chips and basically to do hardware hacking,\" Rios says, \"it’s become available to just any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'My biggest fear is that somebody will take out a large number of devices across an institution.'\u003ccite>Kevin McDonald,\u003cbr>\nClinical Information Security Director\u003cbr>\nMayo Clinic\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a benign or “white hat” hacker, Rios does research in his Half Moon Bay garage to help the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He proved he could remotely administer a lethal dose of drugs through a patient’s insulin pump. He has also hacked pre-programmed passwords from hundreds of devices. He and his colleague were able to figure out the passwords after acquiring embedded software and technical manuals from several vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We knew what those 300 passwords were,\" Rios says. \"We could go to any device we wanted to and we had a set of usernames and passwords that would work against all these devices, and so that was pretty alarming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration, which regulates the sale of medical devices, has been issuing formal guidelines on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suzanne Schwartz is the FDA’s Director of Emergency Preparedness. Last year, she helped publish \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagov-meddev-gen/documents/document/ucm356190.pdf\">new recommendations\u003c/a> for how medical device makers should take cyber-security attacks into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-19957\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-800x567.jpg\" alt=\"Many there are many implantable medical devices on the market that have vulnerabilities, in fact, the Food and Drug Administration has received approximately 56,000 reports of adverse events associated with the use of infusion pumps, including numerous injuries and deaths. \" width=\"800\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-800x567.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-1180x836.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-960x680.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE.jpg 1493w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are many implantable medical devices on the market that have vulnerabilities, in fact, the Food and Drug Administration has received approximately 56,000 reports of adverse events associated with the use of infusion pumps, including numerous injuries and deaths. \u003ccite>(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That is something, yes, that we continuously monitor and it’s something important that we want to hear about,\" Schwartz says, \"whether it’s directly from the healthcare organizations or from the medical device manufacturers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Consumer Watchdog president Jamie Court says the FDA’s guidelines for medical devices fall short. He says what's needed is a law -- not recommendations -- requiring medical manufacturers and hospitals to upgrade systems to prevent cyber attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is if they don’t someone is going to die,\" Court says. \"Because it’s not safe. Someone will find a reason to change a counter on an insulin pump or take over a defibrillator just because they can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legally binding rules, medical device security is left in the hands of hospitals and device makers. And they are required to report device malfunctions only if patients are injured or they die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medtronic, the nation's largest medical device manufacturer, has not reported any incidents so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company declined to be interviewed and sent KQED a statement saying it aims to manufacture products that are as safe and secure as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19938\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-19938\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Clinical Information Security Director Kevin McDonald (left) at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota leads a team checking medical devices for software vulnerabilities that could cause a device to be infected with malware or exploited by hackers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clinical Information Security Director Kevin McDonald (left) at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota leads a team checking medical devices for software vulnerabilities that could cause a device to be infected with malware or exploited by hackers. \u003ccite>(Mayo Clinic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Mayo Clinic cyber security expert Kevin McDonald says, while they haven't been catastrophic, some incidents have already occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Back in 2010,\" he says, \"there was a heart catheterization lab out on the East Coast, that, because of some malware viruses, was put out of business for about three days. So they had to divert their patients to other places.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald leads a team that’s trying to prevent harmful medical incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My biggest fear,\" he says, \"is that somebody will take out a large number of devices across an institution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To increase patient safety, the Mayo Clinic brought in researchers to analyze some of the devices it uses. It then reported vulnerabilities to the manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But cyber security expert Rios says no matter what precautions one takes, medical devices are imperfect and will always need monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, at the core of it, it's really just a computer,\" he says. \"It's a processor and it's software that someone wrote. And so we can't treat those devices as if they're magical devices; they're not magical devices.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While last year the FDA issued guidelines for the manufacture of these devices, this year the agency is expected to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.fda.gov/fdavoice/index.php/2015/02/moving-toward-a-national-medical-device-postmarket-surveillance-system/\">release additional guidelines\u003c/a> for how companies should update the devices’ software after they’re on the market.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Food and Drug Administration last Friday advised U.S. medical facilities to stop using a pump that has cyber security flaws.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1474307623,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1096},"headData":{"title":"Millions of Americans Use Medical Devices That May Be Vulnerable to Hacking | KQED","description":"The Food and Drug Administration last Friday advised U.S. medical facilities to stop using a pump that has cyber security flaws.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Millions of Americans Use Medical Devices That May Be Vulnerable to Hacking","datePublished":"2015-08-03T13:00:44.000Z","dateModified":"2016-09-19T17:53:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"12279 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=12279","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/08/03/millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking/","disqusTitle":"Millions of Americans Use Medical Devices That May Be Vulnerable to Hacking","path":"/futureofyou/12279/millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2015/08/20150803ScienceMedicaldeviceshacking.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2015/08/20150803ScienceMedicaldeviceshacking.mp3\u003cbr>\nYou have passwords for your smart phone and laptop, but what about your pacemaker or insulin pump?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, the federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/AlertsandNotices/ucm456815.htm\">Food and Drug Administration recommended\u003c/a> that all hospitals in California and across the country stop using a medical device that it says is vulnerable to cyber attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Someone will find a reason to change a counter on an insulin pump or take over a defibrillator just because they can.'\u003ccite>Jamie Court,\u003cbr>\nConsumer Watchdog president\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The device is an infusion pump that delivers medications or nutrients to patients. A hacker who accessed it could change the drug dosage to give a patient not enough -- or a lethal amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California security expert Billy Rios says he identified the problem \u003ca href=\"http://xs-sniper.com/blog/\" target=\"_blank\">more than a year ago\u003c/a> and notified the FDA and the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some of these pumps are really dangerous,\" says Rios, who founded digital security company Laconicly. \"If we ever gain access to a hospital network and we know of a vulnerability affecting a particular device, what that really means is we can go from one location and touch one hundred different devices all at once.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pumps are not the only medical devices vulnerable to hacking. More than 10 million Americans rely on devices like pacemakers and defibrillators.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MmQZIRJPfLM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MmQZIRJPfLM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: medium\">(Cyber security expert Billy Rios remotely hacks into Hospira’s Symbiq infusion pump, which the FDA has encouraged all medical centers to stop using .)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are a fan of the Showtime television series \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/63176830\">Homeland\u003c/a>, you may remember an episode where assassins killed the vice president by hacking into his pacemaker and disabling it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This episode wasn’t just Hollywood making up stuff. Former Vice President Dick Cheney was so \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/US/vice-president-dick-cheney-feared-pacemaker-hacking/story?id=20621434\">afraid of a cyber attack on his own pacemaker\u003c/a> that he had the wireless feature on it disabled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As technology has become more connected, so have medical devices. While some, like pacemakers, can only send information, others, can send and receive data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that leaves some patients vulnerable to a hacker trying to harm them or use their device as a portal to access medical data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the tools that are required to do software debugging, to get software off of chips and basically to do hardware hacking,\" Rios says, \"it’s become available to just any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'My biggest fear is that somebody will take out a large number of devices across an institution.'\u003ccite>Kevin McDonald,\u003cbr>\nClinical Information Security Director\u003cbr>\nMayo Clinic\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a benign or “white hat” hacker, Rios does research in his Half Moon Bay garage to help the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He proved he could remotely administer a lethal dose of drugs through a patient’s insulin pump. He has also hacked pre-programmed passwords from hundreds of devices. He and his colleague were able to figure out the passwords after acquiring embedded software and technical manuals from several vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We knew what those 300 passwords were,\" Rios says. \"We could go to any device we wanted to and we had a set of usernames and passwords that would work against all these devices, and so that was pretty alarming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration, which regulates the sale of medical devices, has been issuing formal guidelines on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suzanne Schwartz is the FDA’s Director of Emergency Preparedness. Last year, she helped publish \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagov-meddev-gen/documents/document/ucm356190.pdf\">new recommendations\u003c/a> for how medical device makers should take cyber-security attacks into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-19957\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-800x567.jpg\" alt=\"Many there are many implantable medical devices on the market that have vulnerabilities, in fact, the Food and Drug Administration has received approximately 56,000 reports of adverse events associated with the use of infusion pumps, including numerous injuries and deaths. \" width=\"800\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-800x567.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-1180x836.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE-960x680.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Implantable-medical-devices_graphic_WHITE.jpg 1493w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are many implantable medical devices on the market that have vulnerabilities, in fact, the Food and Drug Administration has received approximately 56,000 reports of adverse events associated with the use of infusion pumps, including numerous injuries and deaths. \u003ccite>(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That is something, yes, that we continuously monitor and it’s something important that we want to hear about,\" Schwartz says, \"whether it’s directly from the healthcare organizations or from the medical device manufacturers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Consumer Watchdog president Jamie Court says the FDA’s guidelines for medical devices fall short. He says what's needed is a law -- not recommendations -- requiring medical manufacturers and hospitals to upgrade systems to prevent cyber attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is if they don’t someone is going to die,\" Court says. \"Because it’s not safe. Someone will find a reason to change a counter on an insulin pump or take over a defibrillator just because they can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legally binding rules, medical device security is left in the hands of hospitals and device makers. And they are required to report device malfunctions only if patients are injured or they die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medtronic, the nation's largest medical device manufacturer, has not reported any incidents so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company declined to be interviewed and sent KQED a statement saying it aims to manufacture products that are as safe and secure as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19938\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-19938\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Clinical Information Security Director Kevin McDonald (left) at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota leads a team checking medical devices for software vulnerabilities that could cause a device to be infected with malware or exploited by hackers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/07/Kevin-McDonald_Mayo-Clinic_photo-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clinical Information Security Director Kevin McDonald (left) at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota leads a team checking medical devices for software vulnerabilities that could cause a device to be infected with malware or exploited by hackers. \u003ccite>(Mayo Clinic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Mayo Clinic cyber security expert Kevin McDonald says, while they haven't been catastrophic, some incidents have already occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Back in 2010,\" he says, \"there was a heart catheterization lab out on the East Coast, that, because of some malware viruses, was put out of business for about three days. So they had to divert their patients to other places.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald leads a team that’s trying to prevent harmful medical incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My biggest fear,\" he says, \"is that somebody will take out a large number of devices across an institution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To increase patient safety, the Mayo Clinic brought in researchers to analyze some of the devices it uses. It then reported vulnerabilities to the manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But cyber security expert Rios says no matter what precautions one takes, medical devices are imperfect and will always need monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, at the core of it, it's really just a computer,\" he says. \"It's a processor and it's software that someone wrote. And so we can't treat those devices as if they're magical devices; they're not magical devices.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While last year the FDA issued guidelines for the manufacture of these devices, this year the agency is expected to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.fda.gov/fdavoice/index.php/2015/02/moving-toward-a-national-medical-device-postmarket-surveillance-system/\">release additional guidelines\u003c/a> for how companies should update the devices’ software after they’re on the market.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/12279/millions-of-americans-use-medical-devices-that-are-vulnerable-to-hacking","authors":["5432"],"categories":["futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_508","futureofyou_509","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_510"],"featImg":"futureofyou_12280","label":"futureofyou"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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