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You Might Want to Check Your Blood Pressure","publishDate":1531843234,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":1093,"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>Every day, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ninds.nih.gov/About-NINDS/Who-We-Are/Directors-Corner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Walter Koroshetz\u003c/a>, 65, takes a pill as part of his effort to help keep his brain healthy and sharp.[contextly_sidebar id=\"4qBhSsrstKRvTKQK6tvUcmCtY4bzQNtv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pill is his blood pressure medication. And Koroshetz, who directs the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, says controlling high blood pressure helps him reduce his risk of dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also keeps his blood pressure down by exercising and paying attention to his weight and diet. \"I'm a believer,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz is urging other people with high blood pressure to follow his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is responsible for the institute's public health campaign called \u003ca href=\"https://mindyourrisks.nih.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mind Your Risks\u003c/a>. Its goal is to let people know that there is a link between high blood pressure, stroke and dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When blood pressure rises, it strains the tiny blood vessels that keep brain cells alive, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With every pulse of your heart, you are pushing blood into these very small blood vessels in the brain,\" he says. And when the heart pushes too hard, as it does when blood pressure is elevated, it can cause damage that can lead to a stroke.[contextly_sidebar id=\"8eq71K4GS69glebb5gMvhBNDaKzdVXhl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two large studies have revealed an alarming trend among stroke patients, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you had a stroke, even a small stroke, your risk of dementia within the next two years was greatly magnified,\" he says. \"So there's something about having a stroke that drives a lot of the processes that give rise to dementia.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evidence is clearest for a type of dementia called \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vascular dementia\u003c/a>. It occurs when something blocks or reduces the flow of blood to brain cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high blood pressure also appears to increase a person's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, which is associated with the accumulation of plaques and tangles in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If people knew about the link between dementia and high blood pressure, they might be more inclined to do something about it, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Only about 50 percent of people who have hypertension are actually treated,\" he says. \"So I think there's a lot to be said for trying to get high blood pressure under control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz's campaign is getting some help from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alzheimer's Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group will present new research on blood pressure and Alzheimer's at its annual scientific \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/aaic/about/chicago.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meeting\u003c/a> in Chicago, which starts July 22. And the group is encouraging people to control high blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The good news is that we can control blood pressure now,\" says Maria Carrillo, the group's chief science officer. \"We can do that with exercise, with lifestyle, with healthy eating and also with medications.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz is using all of these approaches. And he says other people with high blood pressure should follow his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get to be my age, you're going to be very grateful that you controlled your blood pressure and exercised,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Worried+About+Dementia%3F+You+Might+Want+to+Check+Your+Blood+Pressure&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new public health campaign says controlling high blood pressure is among the best ways to keep your brain sharp. The neurologist in charge aims to lead by example.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1531812714,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":500},"headData":{"title":"Worried About Dementia? You Might Want to Check Your Blood Pressure | KQED","description":"A new public health campaign says controlling high blood pressure is among the best ways to keep your brain sharp. The neurologist in charge aims to lead by example.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Worried About Dementia? You Might Want to Check Your Blood Pressure","datePublished":"2018-07-17T16:00:34.000Z","dateModified":"2018-07-17T07:31:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"443398 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=443398","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/07/17/worried-about-dementia-you-might-want-to-check-your-blood-pressure/","disqusTitle":"Worried About Dementia? You Might Want to Check Your Blood Pressure","nprImageCredit":"John Rensten","nprByline":"Jon Hamilton, NPR","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"628156948","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=628156948&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/07/16/628156948/worried-about-dementia-you-might-want-to-check-your-blood-pressure?ft=nprml&f=628156948","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 13:56:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 05:09:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 16 Jul 2018 13:56:04 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/07/20180716_me_worried_about_dementia_you_might_want_to_check_your_blood_pressure.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=150&p=3&story=628156948&ft=nprml&f=628156948","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1629362055-0937a2.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=150&p=3&story=628156948&ft=nprml&f=628156948","path":"/futureofyou/443398/worried-about-dementia-you-might-want-to-check-your-blood-pressure","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/07/20180716_me_worried_about_dementia_you_might_want_to_check_your_blood_pressure.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=150&p=3&story=628156948&ft=nprml&f=628156948","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every day, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ninds.nih.gov/About-NINDS/Who-We-Are/Directors-Corner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Walter Koroshetz\u003c/a>, 65, takes a pill as part of his effort to help keep his brain healthy and sharp.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pill is his blood pressure medication. And Koroshetz, who directs the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, says controlling high blood pressure helps him reduce his risk of dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also keeps his blood pressure down by exercising and paying attention to his weight and diet. \"I'm a believer,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz is urging other people with high blood pressure to follow his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is responsible for the institute's public health campaign called \u003ca href=\"https://mindyourrisks.nih.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mind Your Risks\u003c/a>. Its goal is to let people know that there is a link between high blood pressure, stroke and dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When blood pressure rises, it strains the tiny blood vessels that keep brain cells alive, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With every pulse of your heart, you are pushing blood into these very small blood vessels in the brain,\" he says. And when the heart pushes too hard, as it does when blood pressure is elevated, it can cause damage that can lead to a stroke.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two large studies have revealed an alarming trend among stroke patients, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you had a stroke, even a small stroke, your risk of dementia within the next two years was greatly magnified,\" he says. \"So there's something about having a stroke that drives a lot of the processes that give rise to dementia.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evidence is clearest for a type of dementia called \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vascular dementia\u003c/a>. It occurs when something blocks or reduces the flow of blood to brain cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high blood pressure also appears to increase a person's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, which is associated with the accumulation of plaques and tangles in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If people knew about the link between dementia and high blood pressure, they might be more inclined to do something about it, Koroshetz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Only about 50 percent of people who have hypertension are actually treated,\" he says. \"So I think there's a lot to be said for trying to get high blood pressure under control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz's campaign is getting some help from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alzheimer's Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group will present new research on blood pressure and Alzheimer's at its annual scientific \u003ca href=\"https://www.alz.org/aaic/about/chicago.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meeting\u003c/a> in Chicago, which starts July 22. And the group is encouraging people to control high blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The good news is that we can control blood pressure now,\" says Maria Carrillo, the group's chief science officer. \"We can do that with exercise, with lifestyle, with healthy eating and also with medications.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koroshetz is using all of these approaches. And he says other people with high blood pressure should follow his lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get to be my age, you're going to be very grateful that you controlled your blood pressure and exercised,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Worried+About+Dementia%3F+You+Might+Want+to+Check+Your+Blood+Pressure&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/443398/worried-about-dementia-you-might-want-to-check-your-blood-pressure","authors":["byline_futureofyou_443398"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_1283","futureofyou_56","futureofyou_1023","futureofyou_61"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_443399","label":"futureofyou_1093"},"futureofyou_442039":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_442039","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"442039","score":null,"sort":[1528822825000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"new-blood-tests-promise-to-better-predict-early-labor","title":"New Blood Tests Promise to Better Predict Early Labor","publishDate":1528822825,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>Two new blood tests promise pregnant women an easier, more affordable way of predicting their risk for an premature delivery. The blood tests, developed by\u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Stanford University School of Medicine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC San Francisco\u003c/a>, look for specific biomarkers in the mother's bloodstream.[contextly_sidebar id=\"A9EcAExSSebnSiay0So2km8e4YnmN7OM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preterm delivery, which occurs when a baby is born before the 37th week of pregnancy, is the leading cause of death for children under 5 in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6393/1133\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stanford-led study\u003c/a>, predicts the risk of preterm birth using fetal RNA found in the mother's blood, while the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-018-0112-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF study\u003c/a> focuses on inflammation markers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is currently one blood test on the market that screens for preterm risk, but it comes with serious limitations, according to \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/laura.jelliffe-pawlowski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski\u003c/a>, co-author of the UCSF study and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://pretermbirth.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative\u003c/a>. The costly test screens only for spontaneous preterm births. About three quarters of preterm births occur spontaneously while 25 percent are induced due to medical complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We want to make sure that we're developing something that has the potential to help all women, including those most in need.’\u003ccite>Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski, UCSF \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But for practitioners like \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/juan.gonzalez-velez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Juan Gonzalez\u003c/a>, a perinatologist at UCSF Medical Center, knowing whether a pregnancy is high-risk is not all that helpful without being able to adequately treat the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A patient can have a positive result but we need to know which intervention is the right intervention. This is a great finding but now we need those next steps, which are studies that focus on interventions. That's the part we don’t really know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/biographies/butler-tobah-yvonne-s-m-d/bio-20113896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Yvonne Butler Tobah\u003c/a>, a Mayo obstetrician, called the developments \"groundbreaking\" but warned that further research is required before it can be instituted clinically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Causes of Preterm Birth\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The causes of pre-term birth are not well understood, but doctors look for certain traits associated with the risk, according to\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we know things like hypertension and diabetes are associated with preterm birth,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski. \"And also the kinds of things that the test picks up, like inflammation, is associated with preterm birth.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"CpQ3Oc4MfPMthrebKJEmSP9wVqLfobiI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF study also looked at income and age of the pregnant women, two factors that exert an independent influence on bodily inflammation and placenta function, according to Jelliffe-Pawlowski. Mothers over the age of 34 are found to be at higher risk of inflammation levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underlying infection, exposure to environmental toxins, stress, or chronic ailments like diabetes, can all trigger an inflammatory response in pregnant women, a condition that has potential to induce an early pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A subset of women who test positive for preterm risk have a severe pregnancy complication called preeclampsia. The potentially fatal condition is characterized by high blood pressure and organ failure in the mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Treatments are Limited\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current medical treatments are typically limited to cases of preeclampsia, and involve taking aspirin, which Jelliffe-Pawlowski says reduces the occurrence of preeclampsia by up to 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For women with a prior history of preterm delivery, there is a progesterone supplement that is currently offered to decrease the risk, according to Tobah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Prior preterm birth confers about a two fold increased risk,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But outside of this limited category of high-risk pregnancies, there isn't much doctors can recommend in the way of decreasing preterm risk -- outside of bed rest, according to Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And preeclampsia comprises just 15 percent of all preterm births, making preventative care for the great majority of preterm cases all the more urgent, says Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before doctors start running these tests, we really need to know what are we going to tell these women besides, 'You’re at risk,'\" he says.[contextly_sidebar id=\"FTcRs64SRm7xpizZAGK2uc0iQv1HNynr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the researchers involved in both studies, affordability and accessibility played an important role in the tests' development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the current available treatments are not great, I do think they have some effect,\" says co-author \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/mads-melbye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mads Melbye\u003c/a>, a professor in medical epidemiology at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark. \"For instance, if you know a woman is likely to deliver a preterm baby, you would likely refer her to a specialized hospital. And certainly the knowledge alone is important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jelliffe-Pawlowski, helping pregnant women in disadvantaged communities was a huge motivator for developing the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we hear from women in the community, particularly black and Latina women, is what's really important to them, is knowing their risk,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski. \"It's not necessary that we fix it, but there's an opportunity to communicate risk with women so they can be taken care of appropriately.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Melbye says accurate tests are important, since inaccurate estimates can lead to unnecessary treatments such as the induction of labor or Cesarean sections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Measuring Risk Through RNA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford-led study, published last week in the journal Science, measured cell-free fetal RNA in the mothers' bloodstream to determine the due date and preterm risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers compared the blood results of women who had healthy pregnancies with those found to be at high risk for preterm delivery. They accurately predicted six of eight preterm cases and wrongly classified only one of 26 full-term cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Stanford test is a pilot study based on a limited number of women.[contextly_sidebar id=\"RsEfYdBoZW1b667qNhE5ZxykfR7kWICL\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next step will be to apply the findings to large clinical trials,\" says Melbye. \"The study is just the first in a series of studies that allows us to look at the different outcomes of pregnancy. The hope is that it will lead to healthier and safer pregnancies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Measuring Risk Through Inflammation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF test focused on 63 biomarkers in the mother's bloodstream related to inflammation and placenta function. From there, researchers narrowed the test down to 25 biomarkers that together help to predict the chances of an early pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in the May issue of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-018-0112-0\">\u003ci>Journal of Perinatology\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, is more than 80 percent accurate in predicting preterm births in women who are between 15 and 20 weeks pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In cases of high risk pregnancies, the test was nearly 90 percent accurate.[contextly_sidebar id=\"7E5bGDPvRlmxjV4ypvKH5ngagVo4ise4\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF test, which took five years to develop, is based on ten years of research by Jelliffe-Pawlowski's team. Researchers took blood samples from 400 women during their second trimester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers hope their blood tests will lead to better preventative treatments for women found to be at high risk of preterm birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to make sure that we're developing something that has the potential to help all women, including those most in need,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There is currently one blood test on the market that screens for preterm risk, but it comes with serious limitations. Now, two new tests hold the promise that pregnant women will have an easier, more affordable way.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1528505692,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":39,"wordCount":1144},"headData":{"title":"New Blood Tests Promise to Better Predict Early Labor | KQED","description":"There is currently one blood test on the market that screens for preterm risk, but it comes with serious limitations. Now, two new tests hold the promise that pregnant women will have an easier, more affordable way.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"New Blood Tests Promise to Better Predict Early Labor","datePublished":"2018-06-12T17:00:25.000Z","dateModified":"2018-06-09T00:54:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"442039 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=442039","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/06/12/new-blood-tests-promise-to-better-predict-early-labor/","disqusTitle":"New Blood Tests Promise to Better Predict Early Labor","path":"/futureofyou/442039/new-blood-tests-promise-to-better-predict-early-labor","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two new blood tests promise pregnant women an easier, more affordable way of predicting their risk for an premature delivery. The blood tests, developed by\u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Stanford University School of Medicine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC San Francisco\u003c/a>, look for specific biomarkers in the mother's bloodstream.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preterm delivery, which occurs when a baby is born before the 37th week of pregnancy, is the leading cause of death for children under 5 in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6393/1133\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stanford-led study\u003c/a>, predicts the risk of preterm birth using fetal RNA found in the mother's blood, while the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-018-0112-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF study\u003c/a> focuses on inflammation markers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is currently one blood test on the market that screens for preterm risk, but it comes with serious limitations, according to \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/laura.jelliffe-pawlowski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski\u003c/a>, co-author of the UCSF study and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://pretermbirth.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative\u003c/a>. The costly test screens only for spontaneous preterm births. About three quarters of preterm births occur spontaneously while 25 percent are induced due to medical complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We want to make sure that we're developing something that has the potential to help all women, including those most in need.’\u003ccite>Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski, UCSF \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But for practitioners like \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/juan.gonzalez-velez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Juan Gonzalez\u003c/a>, a perinatologist at UCSF Medical Center, knowing whether a pregnancy is high-risk is not all that helpful without being able to adequately treat the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A patient can have a positive result but we need to know which intervention is the right intervention. This is a great finding but now we need those next steps, which are studies that focus on interventions. That's the part we don’t really know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/biographies/butler-tobah-yvonne-s-m-d/bio-20113896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Yvonne Butler Tobah\u003c/a>, a Mayo obstetrician, called the developments \"groundbreaking\" but warned that further research is required before it can be instituted clinically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Causes of Preterm Birth\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The causes of pre-term birth are not well understood, but doctors look for certain traits associated with the risk, according to\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we know things like hypertension and diabetes are associated with preterm birth,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski. \"And also the kinds of things that the test picks up, like inflammation, is associated with preterm birth.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF study also looked at income and age of the pregnant women, two factors that exert an independent influence on bodily inflammation and placenta function, according to Jelliffe-Pawlowski. Mothers over the age of 34 are found to be at higher risk of inflammation levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underlying infection, exposure to environmental toxins, stress, or chronic ailments like diabetes, can all trigger an inflammatory response in pregnant women, a condition that has potential to induce an early pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A subset of women who test positive for preterm risk have a severe pregnancy complication called preeclampsia. The potentially fatal condition is characterized by high blood pressure and organ failure in the mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Treatments are Limited\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current medical treatments are typically limited to cases of preeclampsia, and involve taking aspirin, which Jelliffe-Pawlowski says reduces the occurrence of preeclampsia by up to 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For women with a prior history of preterm delivery, there is a progesterone supplement that is currently offered to decrease the risk, according to Tobah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Prior preterm birth confers about a two fold increased risk,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But outside of this limited category of high-risk pregnancies, there isn't much doctors can recommend in the way of decreasing preterm risk -- outside of bed rest, according to Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And preeclampsia comprises just 15 percent of all preterm births, making preventative care for the great majority of preterm cases all the more urgent, says Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before doctors start running these tests, we really need to know what are we going to tell these women besides, 'You’re at risk,'\" he says.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the researchers involved in both studies, affordability and accessibility played an important role in the tests' development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the current available treatments are not great, I do think they have some effect,\" says co-author \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/mads-melbye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mads Melbye\u003c/a>, a professor in medical epidemiology at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark. \"For instance, if you know a woman is likely to deliver a preterm baby, you would likely refer her to a specialized hospital. And certainly the knowledge alone is important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jelliffe-Pawlowski, helping pregnant women in disadvantaged communities was a huge motivator for developing the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we hear from women in the community, particularly black and Latina women, is what's really important to them, is knowing their risk,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski. \"It's not necessary that we fix it, but there's an opportunity to communicate risk with women so they can be taken care of appropriately.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Melbye says accurate tests are important, since inaccurate estimates can lead to unnecessary treatments such as the induction of labor or Cesarean sections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Measuring Risk Through RNA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford-led study, published last week in the journal Science, measured cell-free fetal RNA in the mothers' bloodstream to determine the due date and preterm risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers compared the blood results of women who had healthy pregnancies with those found to be at high risk for preterm delivery. They accurately predicted six of eight preterm cases and wrongly classified only one of 26 full-term cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Stanford test is a pilot study based on a limited number of women.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next step will be to apply the findings to large clinical trials,\" says Melbye. \"The study is just the first in a series of studies that allows us to look at the different outcomes of pregnancy. The hope is that it will lead to healthier and safer pregnancies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Measuring Risk Through Inflammation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF test focused on 63 biomarkers in the mother's bloodstream related to inflammation and placenta function. From there, researchers narrowed the test down to 25 biomarkers that together help to predict the chances of an early pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in the May issue of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-018-0112-0\">\u003ci>Journal of Perinatology\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, is more than 80 percent accurate in predicting preterm births in women who are between 15 and 20 weeks pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In cases of high risk pregnancies, the test was nearly 90 percent accurate.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UCSF test, which took five years to develop, is based on ten years of research by Jelliffe-Pawlowski's team. Researchers took blood samples from 400 women during their second trimester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers hope their blood tests will lead to better preventative treatments for women found to be at high risk of preterm birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to make sure that we're developing something that has the potential to help all women, including those most in need,\" says Jelliffe-Pawlowski.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/442039/new-blood-tests-promise-to-better-predict-early-labor","authors":["11428"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_221","futureofyou_1283","futureofyou_164","futureofyou_520"],"featImg":"futureofyou_442044","label":"futureofyou"},"futureofyou_442329":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_442329","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"442329","score":null,"sort":[1528246882000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"millions-may-have-been-prescribed-the-wrong-heart-meds-study-says","title":"Millions May Have Been Prescribed the Wrong Heart Meds, Study Says","publishDate":1528246882,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>More than 11 million Americans may have received incorrect prescriptions for aspirin, statins and blood pressure medications to prevent a heart attack or stroke, according to a study by the \u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/\">Stanford University School of Medicine\u003c/a>.[contextly_sidebar id=\"umDTpLmik9hK8eNRjnsW7rpmcRPF19ZX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because the tool used to estimate a patient's risk of heart attack or stroke is based on outdated data, apparently off by as much as 20 percent, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2683613/clinical-implications-revised-pooled-cohort-equations-estimating-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a>, published Monday in \u003cem>Annals of Internal Medicine.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot has changed in terms of diets, environments and medical treatment since the 1940s,” senior author Dr. Sanjay Basu said in the \u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2018/06/millions-could-have-incorrect-statin-aspirin-blood-pressure-prescriptions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release \u003c/a>that accompanied the study. “So, relying on our grandparents’ data to make our treatment choices is probably not the best idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem was discovered when some doctors, including Basu, kept noticing that the current tool was failing to accurately predict risk in their patients, particularly if they were African American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the calculator was built on older studies that lacked a sufficient sample of African-Americans, doctors may have in fact been underestimating the risks of heart attacks or strokes in those patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So while many Americans were being recommended aggressive treatments that they may not have needed according to current guidelines, some Americans — particularly African-Americans — may have been given false reassurance and probably need to start treatment given our findings,” Basu said in the press release.[contextly_sidebar id=\"IVz9AhjwqJ3N1XCCqSO9xlwYfN9Xm5GQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says that in many cases medications were over prescribed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CBS \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/millions-of-americans-could-be-getting-wrong-heart-meds-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> describes the calculator's importance in developing preventive treatments:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Risk estimate tools predict the likelihood of a future heart attack or stroke in the next 10 years. Doctors use these tools to help them decide what treatment a patient needs, if any at all.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In response to the troubling findings, the team of researchers developed a new calculator, incorporating an updated list of risk factors. From a \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/06/04/new-risk-calculator-could-change-the-aspirin-statins-and-blood-pressure-medications-some-people-take/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT \u003c/a>news story:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>To test their methods, the researchers created two models. In the first one, they updated the cohorts they used. The populations were more diverse racially and ethnically, and they also reflected factors that can’t necessarily be captured by blood tests. Nutrition, physical activity, or even secondhand smoke — which wasn’t recognized in the 1940s — can affect a person’s baseline risk for disease. That’s why risk calculators don’t stay accurate forever.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some doctors, however, still question whether the updated calculator can accurately assess risks in communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Andrew DeFilippis and Patrick Trainor of the University of Louisville, Kentucky say the new calculator falls short in accounting for racial differences in risk factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question is timely because a growing Hispanic population and 40 percent increase in Asian-Americans account for more than half of the U. S. population growth between 2000 and 2019,” they said in an \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/aim/article/doi/10.7326/M18-1175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editorial\u003c/a> published with the Stanford study. “We clearly need an accurate risk assessment tool for these growing American populations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford researchers say the newer tool will need to be updated with changing times.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A Stanford study finds that a traditional tool used by doctors to assess patients' risk of heart attack or stroke is based on decades old data, causing many doctors to incorrectly prescribe drugs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1528246882,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":534},"headData":{"title":"Millions May Have Been Prescribed the Wrong Heart Meds, Study Says | KQED","description":"A Stanford study finds that a traditional tool used by doctors to assess patients' risk of heart attack or stroke is based on decades old data, causing many doctors to incorrectly prescribe drugs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Millions May Have Been Prescribed the Wrong Heart Meds, Study Says","datePublished":"2018-06-06T01:01:22.000Z","dateModified":"2018-06-06T01:01:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"442329 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=442329","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/06/05/millions-may-have-been-prescribed-the-wrong-heart-meds-study-says/","disqusTitle":"Millions May Have Been Prescribed the Wrong Heart Meds, Study Says","source":"Health","path":"/futureofyou/442329/millions-may-have-been-prescribed-the-wrong-heart-meds-study-says","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than 11 million Americans may have received incorrect prescriptions for aspirin, statins and blood pressure medications to prevent a heart attack or stroke, according to a study by the \u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/\">Stanford University School of Medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because the tool used to estimate a patient's risk of heart attack or stroke is based on outdated data, apparently off by as much as 20 percent, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2683613/clinical-implications-revised-pooled-cohort-equations-estimating-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a>, published Monday in \u003cem>Annals of Internal Medicine.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot has changed in terms of diets, environments and medical treatment since the 1940s,” senior author Dr. Sanjay Basu said in the \u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2018/06/millions-could-have-incorrect-statin-aspirin-blood-pressure-prescriptions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release \u003c/a>that accompanied the study. “So, relying on our grandparents’ data to make our treatment choices is probably not the best idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem was discovered when some doctors, including Basu, kept noticing that the current tool was failing to accurately predict risk in their patients, particularly if they were African American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the calculator was built on older studies that lacked a sufficient sample of African-Americans, doctors may have in fact been underestimating the risks of heart attacks or strokes in those patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So while many Americans were being recommended aggressive treatments that they may not have needed according to current guidelines, some Americans — particularly African-Americans — may have been given false reassurance and probably need to start treatment given our findings,” Basu said in the press release.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says that in many cases medications were over prescribed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CBS \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/millions-of-americans-could-be-getting-wrong-heart-meds-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> describes the calculator's importance in developing preventive treatments:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Risk estimate tools predict the likelihood of a future heart attack or stroke in the next 10 years. Doctors use these tools to help them decide what treatment a patient needs, if any at all.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In response to the troubling findings, the team of researchers developed a new calculator, incorporating an updated list of risk factors. From a \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/06/04/new-risk-calculator-could-change-the-aspirin-statins-and-blood-pressure-medications-some-people-take/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT \u003c/a>news story:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>To test their methods, the researchers created two models. In the first one, they updated the cohorts they used. The populations were more diverse racially and ethnically, and they also reflected factors that can’t necessarily be captured by blood tests. Nutrition, physical activity, or even secondhand smoke — which wasn’t recognized in the 1940s — can affect a person’s baseline risk for disease. That’s why risk calculators don’t stay accurate forever.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some doctors, however, still question whether the updated calculator can accurately assess risks in communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Andrew DeFilippis and Patrick Trainor of the University of Louisville, Kentucky say the new calculator falls short in accounting for racial differences in risk factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question is timely because a growing Hispanic population and 40 percent increase in Asian-Americans account for more than half of the U. S. population growth between 2000 and 2019,” they said in an \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/aim/article/doi/10.7326/M18-1175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editorial\u003c/a> published with the Stanford study. “We clearly need an accurate risk assessment tool for these growing American populations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford researchers say the newer tool will need to be updated with changing times.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/442329/millions-may-have-been-prescribed-the-wrong-heart-meds-study-says","authors":["11428"],"categories":["futureofyou_1060","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_823","futureofyou_1283","futureofyou_190","futureofyou_1515","futureofyou_1056","futureofyou_582","futureofyou_1451"],"collections":["futureofyou_1093"],"featImg":"futureofyou_442333","label":"source_futureofyou_442329"},"futureofyou_437384":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_437384","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"437384","score":null,"sort":[1511960472000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"odds-are-theyre-taking-your-blood-pressure-all-wrong","title":"Odds Are, They're Taking Your Blood Pressure All Wrong","publishDate":1511960472,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003cp>When was the last time you were asked to sit without saying a word for five minutes before your blood pressure was measured? If your answer was \"I never remember doing that,\" you're in good company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet that is one of the many rules that medical professionals are supposed to follow when measuring your blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Whelton, a cardiovascular specialist at the Tulane University School of Public Health, says airplane pilots always run down a safety checklist before taking off. \"We would be shocked if a pilot told us he was in a rush and just didn't have time to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet he says clinicians aren't taking enough care to make an important measurement when it comes to health: reading blood pressure values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is topical right now because Whelton is among a group of physicians who have just recommended \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/11/14/564038552/with-stricter-guidelines-do-you-have-high-blood-pressure-now\">new standards for blood pressure\u003c/a>. Now, if your blood pressure tops 130 over 80, you are in unhealthy territory. Having an accurate measure is important because more people than ever may be keeping a close eye on their blood pressure and trying to keep it in a healthy range through diet, exercise and potentially medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new \u003ca href=\"https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2017/11/08/11/47/mon-5pm-bp-guideline-aha-2017\">guidelines\u003c/a> from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology, released Tuesday, which lowered the threshold for diagnosing high blood pressure from 140/90, mean that nearly half of the U.S. population will be considered as having high blood pressure, with the greatest impact on younger people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Whelton and his committee members rolled out a checklist for medical professionals to follow when they're taking your blood pressure. Here are the do's and don'ts from a patient's perspective, aimed at making it less likely that you'll get a reading that is falsely high, or low:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Sit in a chair, feet flat on the ground, legs uncrossed, with your back supported and without talking, for at least five minutes before you get your blood pressure measured.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Exercise, consume caffeine or smoke within 30 minutes of your test.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Empty your bladder before your blood pressure is taken.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Sit or lie on the exam table. Whelton says that can result in a falsely low blood pressure reading.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Roll up your sleeve so the blood pressure cuff rests on bare skin, not clothing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Let your arm dangle or rest in your lap during the reading. It should be supported on a surface such as a desk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If your blood pressure appears high, your doctor's office should take a reading in both arms. And next time you come in, the reading should be from the arm that showed the higher blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no single number that determines your blood pressure — it can vary throughout the day and be influenced by something as simple as being approached by a well-meaning nurse carrying a blood pressure cuff. So the new checklist says the diagnosis of high blood pressure requires at least two readings on separate occasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Odds+Are%2C+They%27re+Taking+Your+Blood+Pressure+All+Wrong&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New guidelines have lowered the threshold for high blood pressure to 130/80, which makes it even more important to get an accurate reading. Here's how to increase the odds of getting it right.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1511984161,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":526},"headData":{"title":"Odds Are, They're Taking Your Blood Pressure All Wrong | KQED","description":"New guidelines have lowered the threshold for high blood pressure to 130/80, which makes it even more important to get an accurate reading. Here's how to increase the odds of getting it right.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Odds Are, They're Taking Your Blood Pressure All Wrong","datePublished":"2017-11-29T13:01:12.000Z","dateModified":"2017-11-29T19:36:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"437384 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=437384","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/11/29/odds-are-theyre-taking-your-blood-pressure-all-wrong/","disqusTitle":"Odds Are, They're Taking Your Blood Pressure All Wrong","nprByline":"Richard Harris\u003c/br>NPR","nprImageAgency":"Josh Loock/NPR","nprStoryId":"564832694","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=564832694&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/11/20/564832694/odds-are-theyre-taking-your-blood-pressure-all-wrong?ft=nprml&f=564832694","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 20 Nov 2017 08:14:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 20 Nov 2017 04:58:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 22 Nov 2017 18:19:29 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2017/11/20171120_me_odds_are_theyre_taking_your_blood_pressure_all_wrong.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=214&p=3&story=564832694&ft=nprml&f=564832694","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1565288760-27a29b.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=214&p=3&story=564832694&ft=nprml&f=564832694","path":"/futureofyou/437384/odds-are-theyre-taking-your-blood-pressure-all-wrong","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2017/11/20171120_me_odds_are_theyre_taking_your_blood_pressure_all_wrong.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=214&p=3&story=564832694&ft=nprml&f=564832694","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When was the last time you were asked to sit without saying a word for five minutes before your blood pressure was measured? If your answer was \"I never remember doing that,\" you're in good company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet that is one of the many rules that medical professionals are supposed to follow when measuring your blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Whelton, a cardiovascular specialist at the Tulane University School of Public Health, says airplane pilots always run down a safety checklist before taking off. \"We would be shocked if a pilot told us he was in a rush and just didn't have time to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet he says clinicians aren't taking enough care to make an important measurement when it comes to health: reading blood pressure values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is topical right now because Whelton is among a group of physicians who have just recommended \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/11/14/564038552/with-stricter-guidelines-do-you-have-high-blood-pressure-now\">new standards for blood pressure\u003c/a>. Now, if your blood pressure tops 130 over 80, you are in unhealthy territory. Having an accurate measure is important because more people than ever may be keeping a close eye on their blood pressure and trying to keep it in a healthy range through diet, exercise and potentially medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new \u003ca href=\"https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2017/11/08/11/47/mon-5pm-bp-guideline-aha-2017\">guidelines\u003c/a> from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology, released Tuesday, which lowered the threshold for diagnosing high blood pressure from 140/90, mean that nearly half of the U.S. population will be considered as having high blood pressure, with the greatest impact on younger people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Whelton and his committee members rolled out a checklist for medical professionals to follow when they're taking your blood pressure. Here are the do's and don'ts from a patient's perspective, aimed at making it less likely that you'll get a reading that is falsely high, or low:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Sit in a chair, feet flat on the ground, legs uncrossed, with your back supported and without talking, for at least five minutes before you get your blood pressure measured.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Exercise, consume caffeine or smoke within 30 minutes of your test.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Empty your bladder before your blood pressure is taken.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Sit or lie on the exam table. Whelton says that can result in a falsely low blood pressure reading.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do:\u003c/strong> Roll up your sleeve so the blood pressure cuff rests on bare skin, not clothing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Don't:\u003c/strong> Let your arm dangle or rest in your lap during the reading. It should be supported on a surface such as a desk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If your blood pressure appears high, your doctor's office should take a reading in both arms. And next time you come in, the reading should be from the arm that showed the higher blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no single number that determines your blood pressure — it can vary throughout the day and be influenced by something as simple as being approached by a well-meaning nurse carrying a blood pressure cuff. So the new checklist says the diagnosis of high blood pressure requires at least two readings on separate occasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Odds+Are%2C+They%27re+Taking+Your+Blood+Pressure+All+Wrong&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/437384/odds-are-theyre-taking-your-blood-pressure-all-wrong","authors":["byline_futureofyou_437384"],"categories":["futureofyou_1"],"tags":["futureofyou_1283","futureofyou_190","futureofyou_458"],"featImg":"futureofyou_437385","label":"futureofyou"},"futureofyou_391498":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_391498","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"391498","score":null,"sort":[1496168776000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"leaving-segregated-areas-lowered-african-americans-blood-pressure","title":"Leaving Segregated Areas Lowered African-Americans' Blood Pressure","publishDate":1496168776,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>African-Americans experience a significant drop in their blood pressure after they move out of highly segregated neighborhoods and into more integrated neighborhoods, researchers reported recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1226\">study\u003c/a> involving more than 2,000 African-Americans found that those who moved from the most-segregated neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods later experienced lower systolic blood pressure, a factor in heart attacks and strokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The researchers found the difference in blood pressure persisted after accounting for other factors that could have played a role, such as changes in income and education.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The big message here is that this study shines a light on one of the root causes of heart disease and stroke in our country,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cardiovascularbusiness.com/topics/practice-management/nhlbi-names-david-goff-director-division-cardiovascular-sciences\">David Goff\u003c/a>, director of the division of cardiovascular diseases at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which funded the study. It was published in \u003cem>JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors have known for a long time that African-Americans are prone to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024199/\">high blood pressure\u003c/a>. And previous research had found that people living in segregated places tended to have higher blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study is the first to follow people over time to see how leaving segregated communities could affect the risk of heart disease. This kind of before-and-after study strengthens the observations made in the earlier studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiarri Kershaw, an assistant professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern University, and her colleagues followed 2,280 African-Americans participating in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/research/resources/obesity/population/cardia.htm\">Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults\u003c/a> study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subjects were living in highly segregated neighborhoods in Chicago, Minneapolis, Birmingham, Ala., and Oakland, Calif., when the study began in 1985. They were between the ages of 18 and 30 when the study started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers followed the study subjects for 25 years, when they reached the ages of 43 to 55. Those who moved away from highly segregated neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods and stayed there during that period had significantly lower blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their systolic blood pressure, the first of the two numbers used to measure blood pressure, was one to five points lower, the researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the differences in blood pressure may seem small, that difference among a large number of people could translate into thousands fewer heart attacks and strokes over time. Systolic blood pressure is thought to be the more important number when it comes to developing cardiovascular disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's pretty powerful in the sense that the reasons for their moves were not necessarily for their health, but it has these other added benefits,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study did not examine how moving to less-segregated neighborhoods could affect blood pressure. But Kershaw thinks it's probably because of a combination of factors, including experiencing less stress from being exposed to less violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a decent-size body of evidence relating stress to blood pressure and that's one pathway that we hypothesize that segregation influences health — through exposure to violence, things like that — that could increase your stress level and then potentially influence blood pressure,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less-segregated neighborhoods may also provide more economic opportunities for people and their children and access to better schools, which could also reduce stress, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, those neighborhoods may also make it easier to live healthier lifestyles by having more access to parks, sidewalks, gyms, grocery stores with more fresh produce and pharmacies to get medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found the difference in blood pressure persisted after accounting for other factors that could have played a role, such as changes in income and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kershaw acknowledges, however, that moving to less segregated neighborhoods could increase stress in at least one way — by potentially exposing African-Americans to more racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's certainly possible that those who move to less segregated neighborhoods experience more exposure to racism, which could be one reason why some African-Americans choose to stay in more segregated neighborhoods,\" she wrote in an email. She noted that African-Americans living in more segregated neighborhoods tend to have better mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kershaw says her study found there was an overall beneficial ffect on blood pressure of leaving a segregated neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The take-home message is that policies that can allow people who are living in segregated neighborhoods to move and live in more integrated neighborhoods have some spillover effects that influences health like blood pressures,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree. \"This study is really important,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ashish-jha/\">Ashish Jha\u003c/a>, who studies health policy at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and was not involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It helps us really feel much more confident that there's something about segregation itself that's leading to worse health outcomes,\" Jha says. \"And this study says that we really do have to tackle segregation if we're going to really improve the health of minorities in America.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Leaving+Segregated+Neighborhoods+Lowers+Blacks%27+Blood+Pressure&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"African-Americans experienced a drop in blood pressure when they moved from highly segregated neighborhoods to more integrated areas, according to a study that followed people's health for decades.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1496169170,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":822},"headData":{"title":"Leaving Segregated Areas Lowered African-Americans' Blood Pressure | KQED","description":"African-Americans experienced a drop in blood pressure when they moved from highly segregated neighborhoods to more integrated areas, according to a study that followed people's health for decades.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Leaving Segregated Areas Lowered African-Americans' Blood Pressure","datePublished":"2017-05-30T18:26:16.000Z","dateModified":"2017-05-30T18:32:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"391498 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=391498","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/05/30/leaving-segregated-areas-lowered-african-americans-blood-pressure/","disqusTitle":"Leaving Segregated Areas Lowered African-Americans' Blood Pressure","source":"KQED Future of You","WpOldSlug":"leaving-segregated-neighborhoods-lowered-african-americans-blood-pressure","nprImageCredit":"annebaek","nprByline":"Rob Stein\u003cbr />NPR Shots","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images/iStockphoto","nprStoryId":"527966937","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=527966937&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/05/15/527966937/leaving-segregated-neighborhoods-lowers-blacks-blood-pressure?ft=nprml&f=527966937","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 15 May 2017 17:40:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 15 May 2017 11:21:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 16 May 2017 09:29:12 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2017/05/20170515_atc_leaving_segregated_neighborhoods_lowers_blacks_blood_pressure.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=235&p=2&story=527966937&t=progseg&e=528443161&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=527966937","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1528503007-47f8ee.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=235&p=2&story=527966937&t=progseg&e=528443161&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=527966937","path":"/futureofyou/391498/leaving-segregated-areas-lowered-african-americans-blood-pressure","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2017/05/20170515_atc_leaving_segregated_neighborhoods_lowers_blacks_blood_pressure.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=235&p=2&story=527966937&t=progseg&e=528443161&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=527966937","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>African-Americans experience a significant drop in their blood pressure after they move out of highly segregated neighborhoods and into more integrated neighborhoods, researchers reported recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1226\">study\u003c/a> involving more than 2,000 African-Americans found that those who moved from the most-segregated neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods later experienced lower systolic blood pressure, a factor in heart attacks and strokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The researchers found the difference in blood pressure persisted after accounting for other factors that could have played a role, such as changes in income and education.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The big message here is that this study shines a light on one of the root causes of heart disease and stroke in our country,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cardiovascularbusiness.com/topics/practice-management/nhlbi-names-david-goff-director-division-cardiovascular-sciences\">David Goff\u003c/a>, director of the division of cardiovascular diseases at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which funded the study. It was published in \u003cem>JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors have known for a long time that African-Americans are prone to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024199/\">high blood pressure\u003c/a>. And previous research had found that people living in segregated places tended to have higher blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study is the first to follow people over time to see how leaving segregated communities could affect the risk of heart disease. This kind of before-and-after study strengthens the observations made in the earlier studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiarri Kershaw, an assistant professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern University, and her colleagues followed 2,280 African-Americans participating in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/research/resources/obesity/population/cardia.htm\">Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults\u003c/a> study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subjects were living in highly segregated neighborhoods in Chicago, Minneapolis, Birmingham, Ala., and Oakland, Calif., when the study began in 1985. They were between the ages of 18 and 30 when the study started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers followed the study subjects for 25 years, when they reached the ages of 43 to 55. Those who moved away from highly segregated neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods and stayed there during that period had significantly lower blood pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their systolic blood pressure, the first of the two numbers used to measure blood pressure, was one to five points lower, the researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the differences in blood pressure may seem small, that difference among a large number of people could translate into thousands fewer heart attacks and strokes over time. Systolic blood pressure is thought to be the more important number when it comes to developing cardiovascular disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's pretty powerful in the sense that the reasons for their moves were not necessarily for their health, but it has these other added benefits,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study did not examine how moving to less-segregated neighborhoods could affect blood pressure. But Kershaw thinks it's probably because of a combination of factors, including experiencing less stress from being exposed to less violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a decent-size body of evidence relating stress to blood pressure and that's one pathway that we hypothesize that segregation influences health — through exposure to violence, things like that — that could increase your stress level and then potentially influence blood pressure,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less-segregated neighborhoods may also provide more economic opportunities for people and their children and access to better schools, which could also reduce stress, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, those neighborhoods may also make it easier to live healthier lifestyles by having more access to parks, sidewalks, gyms, grocery stores with more fresh produce and pharmacies to get medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found the difference in blood pressure persisted after accounting for other factors that could have played a role, such as changes in income and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kershaw acknowledges, however, that moving to less segregated neighborhoods could increase stress in at least one way — by potentially exposing African-Americans to more racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's certainly possible that those who move to less segregated neighborhoods experience more exposure to racism, which could be one reason why some African-Americans choose to stay in more segregated neighborhoods,\" she wrote in an email. She noted that African-Americans living in more segregated neighborhoods tend to have better mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kershaw says her study found there was an overall beneficial ffect on blood pressure of leaving a segregated neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The take-home message is that policies that can allow people who are living in segregated neighborhoods to move and live in more integrated neighborhoods have some spillover effects that influences health like blood pressures,\" Kershaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree. \"This study is really important,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ashish-jha/\">Ashish Jha\u003c/a>, who studies health policy at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and was not involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It helps us really feel much more confident that there's something about segregation itself that's leading to worse health outcomes,\" Jha says. \"And this study says that we really do have to tackle segregation if we're going to really improve the health of minorities in America.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Leaving+Segregated+Neighborhoods+Lowers+Blacks%27+Blood+Pressure&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/391498/leaving-segregated-areas-lowered-african-americans-blood-pressure","authors":["byline_futureofyou_391498"],"categories":["futureofyou_452","futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73"],"tags":["futureofyou_1283"],"featImg":"futureofyou_391499","label":"source_futureofyou_391498"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. 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