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the drug sibutramine, which was supposed to come off the U.S. market in 2010 for safety reasons. Photo: Food and Drug Administration' width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-89179\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Even versions of Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen labeled \"genuine\" and \"anti-counterfeit\" have been found to contain the drug sibutramine, which was supposed to come off the U.S. market in 2010 for safety reasons. Photo: Food and Drug Administration\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on Morning Edition:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/10/20141022_me_banned_drugs_still_turning_up_in_weight_loss_supplements.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/10/22/357831203/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements\" target=\"_blank\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (10/22/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans spend about $4 billion a year on weight-loss supplements. And the Food and Drug Administration spends a lot of effort policing distributors who market fraudulent products that are tainted with unsafe, banned drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a study published Tuesday finds that buyers should beware: Just because the FDA recalls a product because it contains dangerous substances, doesn't mean the product disappears from the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers from the Cambridge Health Alliance, a health care network affiliated with Harvard University, got a list of 274 dietary supplements that the FDA recalled between 2009 and 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, they analyzed 27 products (including supplements marketed for weight loss, sexual enhancement and sports performance enhancement) that were still being sold months after being recalled. They found that two-thirds of the products still contained banned ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was so disheartened to see that manufacturers would have the chutzpah to sell the exact same product\" even after it had been recalled, says Harvard's \u003ca href=\"http://www.challiance.org/Main/PhysicianLocator/Cohen_Pieter_MD_7.aspx\">Dr. Pieter Cohen\u003c/a>, a Cambridge Health Alliance researcher and internist. His findings are published in the current issue of \u003cem>JAMA,\u003c/em> the Journal of the American Medical Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider, for example, a weight-loss product called Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen Capsule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA took action to recall the product in October 2012. But when Cohen and his colleagues purchased the product in July 2013, it still contained sibutramine — the banned drug that led to its recall in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sibutramine, once marketed as the diet drug Meridia, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/10/08/130430170/abbott-pulls-plug-on-meridia-diet-drug\">pulled from the market\u003c/a> in 2010 after research linked it to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. (Six of the 27 recalled products analyzed in the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study contained sibutramine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch/safetyinformation/safetyalertsforhumanmedicalproducts/ucm392202.htm\">warnings\u003c/a> by the FDA, Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen is still \u003ca href=\"http://zixiutangofficial.com/\">marketed\u003c/a> on the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the manufacturer has changed the formulation since the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study testing was conducted, but we were unable to reach the distributor for comment. Our email was returned as undeliverable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People selling these products should be enforced against to the fullest extent of the law,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Regulation/Fabricant-leaves-FDA-replaces-Shaw-as-head-of-NPA\">Daniel Fabricant\u003c/a>, CEO of the Natural Product Association, a nonprofit trade association that represents supplement makers and other companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fabricant points out that products adulterated with drugs are not considered to be supplements, so he chafed at the use of the term \"dietary supplements\" to describe the products analyzed in the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The products analyzed in this study aren't supplements,\" Fabricant told NPR. \"People selling these products online don't represent the industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, the FDA told NPR that the agency has pursued civil and criminal enforcement against people who illegally market these products, but it's tough to crack down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The supply chain for these products is extremely fragmented,\" an FDA spokesperson said in an email. \"One product manufactured by an unknown company overseas may be sold by dozens of different distributors in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of the Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen capsules, for example, even if one distributor is detected and shut down, many more may still be selling the product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it can be tough for consumers to know which products might pose dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the uncertainty, \u003ca href=\"http://clinicalpharmacy.ucsf.edu/faculty/bio.asp?bioid=%7BE6FB98E8-1170-4B8C-A5A1-622F3343B78A%7D\">Candy Tsourounis\u003c/a>, a professor of clinical pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco, says her advice is to steer clear of all weight-loss supplements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what's most striking about [the findings of the study] is that these supplements pose a significant health risk,\" Tsourounis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even when weight loss products don't contain banned substances, she says, they're unlikely to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"None of these supplements,\" Tsourounis says, \"has been adequately tested to demonstrate that it will work\" to help sustain weight loss over time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Just because the Food and Drug Administration recalls a supplement because it contains dangerous substances, doesn't mean the product disappears from the market.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1414000999,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":701},"headData":{"title":"Banned Drugs Still Turning Up In Weight-Loss Supplements | KQED","description":"Just because the Food and Drug Administration recalls a supplement because it contains dangerous substances, doesn't mean the product disappears from the market.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"89178 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=89178","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/10/22/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements/","disqusTitle":"Banned Drugs Still Turning Up In Weight-Loss Supplements","nprByline":"Allison Aubrey","nprStoryId":"357831203","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=357831203&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/10/22/357831203/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements?ft=3&f=357831203","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 22 Oct 2014 10:10:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 22 Oct 2014 08:49:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 22 Oct 2014 10:10:38 -0400","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/10/20141022_me_banned_drugs_still_turning_up_in_weight_loss_supplements.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=357831203","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1357998918-cbb74c.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=357831203","path":"/bayareabites/89178/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/10/20141022_me_banned_drugs_still_turning_up_in_weight_loss_supplements.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_89179\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/bee-pollen-c47eebae2521d6d2f773a2ac336eb87a463638b6-e1414000602780.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/bee-pollen-c47eebae2521d6d2f773a2ac336eb87a463638b6-e1414000602780.jpg\" alt='Even versions of Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen labeled \"genuine\" and \"anti-counterfeit\" have been found to contain the drug sibutramine, which was supposed to come off the U.S. market in 2010 for safety reasons. Photo: Food and Drug Administration' width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-89179\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Even versions of Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen labeled \"genuine\" and \"anti-counterfeit\" have been found to contain the drug sibutramine, which was supposed to come off the U.S. market in 2010 for safety reasons. Photo: Food and Drug Administration\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on Morning Edition:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/10/20141022_me_banned_drugs_still_turning_up_in_weight_loss_supplements.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/10/22/357831203/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements\" target=\"_blank\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (10/22/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans spend about $4 billion a year on weight-loss supplements. And the Food and Drug Administration spends a lot of effort policing distributors who market fraudulent products that are tainted with unsafe, banned drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a study published Tuesday finds that buyers should beware: Just because the FDA recalls a product because it contains dangerous substances, doesn't mean the product disappears from the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers from the Cambridge Health Alliance, a health care network affiliated with Harvard University, got a list of 274 dietary supplements that the FDA recalled between 2009 and 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, they analyzed 27 products (including supplements marketed for weight loss, sexual enhancement and sports performance enhancement) that were still being sold months after being recalled. They found that two-thirds of the products still contained banned ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was so disheartened to see that manufacturers would have the chutzpah to sell the exact same product\" even after it had been recalled, says Harvard's \u003ca href=\"http://www.challiance.org/Main/PhysicianLocator/Cohen_Pieter_MD_7.aspx\">Dr. Pieter Cohen\u003c/a>, a Cambridge Health Alliance researcher and internist. His findings are published in the current issue of \u003cem>JAMA,\u003c/em> the Journal of the American Medical Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider, for example, a weight-loss product called Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen Capsule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA took action to recall the product in October 2012. But when Cohen and his colleagues purchased the product in July 2013, it still contained sibutramine — the banned drug that led to its recall in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sibutramine, once marketed as the diet drug Meridia, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/10/08/130430170/abbott-pulls-plug-on-meridia-diet-drug\">pulled from the market\u003c/a> in 2010 after research linked it to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. (Six of the 27 recalled products analyzed in the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study contained sibutramine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch/safetyinformation/safetyalertsforhumanmedicalproducts/ucm392202.htm\">warnings\u003c/a> by the FDA, Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen is still \u003ca href=\"http://zixiutangofficial.com/\">marketed\u003c/a> on the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the manufacturer has changed the formulation since the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study testing was conducted, but we were unable to reach the distributor for comment. Our email was returned as undeliverable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People selling these products should be enforced against to the fullest extent of the law,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Regulation/Fabricant-leaves-FDA-replaces-Shaw-as-head-of-NPA\">Daniel Fabricant\u003c/a>, CEO of the Natural Product Association, a nonprofit trade association that represents supplement makers and other companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fabricant points out that products adulterated with drugs are not considered to be supplements, so he chafed at the use of the term \"dietary supplements\" to describe the products analyzed in the \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em> study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The products analyzed in this study aren't supplements,\" Fabricant told NPR. \"People selling these products online don't represent the industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, the FDA told NPR that the agency has pursued civil and criminal enforcement against people who illegally market these products, but it's tough to crack down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The supply chain for these products is extremely fragmented,\" an FDA spokesperson said in an email. \"One product manufactured by an unknown company overseas may be sold by dozens of different distributors in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of the Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen capsules, for example, even if one distributor is detected and shut down, many more may still be selling the product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it can be tough for consumers to know which products might pose dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the uncertainty, \u003ca href=\"http://clinicalpharmacy.ucsf.edu/faculty/bio.asp?bioid=%7BE6FB98E8-1170-4B8C-A5A1-622F3343B78A%7D\">Candy Tsourounis\u003c/a>, a professor of clinical pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco, says her advice is to steer clear of all weight-loss supplements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what's most striking about [the findings of the study] is that these supplements pose a significant health risk,\" Tsourounis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even when weight loss products don't contain banned substances, she says, they're unlikely to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"None of these supplements,\" Tsourounis says, \"has been adequately tested to demonstrate that it will work\" to help sustain weight loss over time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/89178/banned-drugs-still-turning-up-in-weight-loss-supplements","authors":["byline_bayareabites_89178"],"categories":["bayareabites_752","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_358"],"tags":["bayareabites_663","bayareabites_2608","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_12463","bayareabites_13898"],"featImg":"bayareabites_89179","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_84037":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_84037","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"84037","score":null,"sort":[1403809647000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults","title":"Excessive Drinking Causes 10 Percent Of Deaths In Working Adults","publishDate":1403809647,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1777px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/bar-drinks-741a19fab635d0704b0d64f2bfd96c5ebffb139f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/bar-drinks-741a19fab635d0704b0d64f2bfd96c5ebffb139f.jpg\" alt=\"One in six adults binge drink, and that plays a role in most alcohol-related deaths. Photo: Intangible Arts/Flickr\" width=\"1777\" height=\"1332\" class=\"size-full wp-image-84038\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One in six adults binge drink, and that plays a role in most alcohol-related deaths. Photo: Intangible Arts/Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/06/26/325489951/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (6/26/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about people dying from drinking too much, and you probably think of the classic disease of alcoholics, cirrhosis of the liver. Or perhaps an alcohol-fueled car crash. But there are many more ways to kill yourself with alcohol, unfortunately, and they account for 1 in 10 deaths in working adults, according to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One in 10 is a big number,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/media/spokesperson/sme-bios/Brewer.pdf\">Dr. Robert Brewer\u003c/a>, who leads the alcohol program at the CDC and is an author of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0293.htm\">study\u003c/a>, published Thursday in \u003cem>Preventing Chronic Disease\u003c/em>. \"One of the issues with alcohol that is particularly tragic is the extent to which it gets people in the prime of their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those premature deaths cost the United States $224 billion a year, the report found, or $1.90 a drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report underscores that alcohol is the fourth-largest cause of preventable deaths, behind smoking, poor nutrition and lack of activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC researchers looked at how alcohol affects deaths from chronic diseases like high blood pressure and stroke to breast cancer. And it also looked at acute causes of death like motor vehicle accidents. In those cases, they included deaths where the medical examiner found a blood-alcohol level of at least .10 percent, above the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/Motorvehiclesafety/Impaired_Driving/bac.html\">legal limit\u003c/a> of .08. Those causes of death also included falls; homicides; poisoning that involved pills or other substances along with alcohol; and suicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2006 through 2010, an average of 87,798 deaths were attributed to alcohol each year, the study found. Almost three-quarters of the deaths, 71 percent, were in men. Men tend to drink more and also to drive more, Brewer says, and are also more likely to be involved in homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/map-alcohol-deaths-624.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/map-alcohol-deaths-624.png\" alt=\"Source: Preventing Chronic Disease. Credit: Alyson Hurt/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"742\" class=\"size-full wp-image-84044\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Preventing Chronic Disease. Credit: Alyson Hurt/NPR\u003cbr>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some states have much bigger problems with alcohol-caused deaths than others. In New Mexico, 16.4 percent of deaths in the 20-to-64 age range were caused by alcohol. Other Western states, including Montana and Wyoming, weren't far behind. (For more states, see the chart below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, just 7.5 percent of Maryland's deaths were attributable to alcohol, less than half the rate in New Mexico. Other states with low rates of alcohol-related deaths include New York, New Jersey, Ohio and Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rural states where people drive long distances have more problems with drunk driving, but state policies can have a big impact, too, Brewer says. Raising the cost of alcohol by 10 percent can lower consumption by 7 percent. But taxes on alcohol tend to be low compared to those on cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that news isn't sobering enough, the 1-in-10 number is almost certainly an underestimate, Brewer says, because the CDC didn't include other causes of death in younger adults, including HIV/AIDS, pneumonia and tuberculosis. \"Alcohol is a major factor in deaths from those conditions,\" Brewer told Shots, \"But when we were doing our scientific analyses, we simply didn't have good estimates\" on the number of those deaths caused by heavy drinking. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Drinking too much alcohol is a big factor in deaths of adults under age 65, CDC researchers say, from obvious risks like vehicle accidents to more subtle effects like higher rates of breast cancer.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1403809647,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":551},"headData":{"title":"Excessive Drinking Causes 10 Percent Of Deaths In Working Adults | KQED","description":"Drinking too much alcohol is a big factor in deaths of adults under age 65, CDC researchers say, from obvious risks like vehicle accidents to more subtle effects like higher rates of breast cancer.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"84037 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=84037","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/06/26/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults/","disqusTitle":"Excessive Drinking Causes 10 Percent Of Deaths In Working Adults","nprByline":"Nancy Shute","nprStoryId":"325489951","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=325489951&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/06/26/325489951/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults?ft=3&f=325489951","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 26 Jun 2014 14:42:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 26 Jun 2014 13:59:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 26 Jun 2014 14:42:36 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/84037/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1777px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/bar-drinks-741a19fab635d0704b0d64f2bfd96c5ebffb139f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/bar-drinks-741a19fab635d0704b0d64f2bfd96c5ebffb139f.jpg\" alt=\"One in six adults binge drink, and that plays a role in most alcohol-related deaths. Photo: Intangible Arts/Flickr\" width=\"1777\" height=\"1332\" class=\"size-full wp-image-84038\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One in six adults binge drink, and that plays a role in most alcohol-related deaths. Photo: Intangible Arts/Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/06/26/325489951/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (6/26/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about people dying from drinking too much, and you probably think of the classic disease of alcoholics, cirrhosis of the liver. Or perhaps an alcohol-fueled car crash. But there are many more ways to kill yourself with alcohol, unfortunately, and they account for 1 in 10 deaths in working adults, according to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One in 10 is a big number,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/media/spokesperson/sme-bios/Brewer.pdf\">Dr. Robert Brewer\u003c/a>, who leads the alcohol program at the CDC and is an author of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0293.htm\">study\u003c/a>, published Thursday in \u003cem>Preventing Chronic Disease\u003c/em>. \"One of the issues with alcohol that is particularly tragic is the extent to which it gets people in the prime of their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those premature deaths cost the United States $224 billion a year, the report found, or $1.90 a drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report underscores that alcohol is the fourth-largest cause of preventable deaths, behind smoking, poor nutrition and lack of activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC researchers looked at how alcohol affects deaths from chronic diseases like high blood pressure and stroke to breast cancer. And it also looked at acute causes of death like motor vehicle accidents. In those cases, they included deaths where the medical examiner found a blood-alcohol level of at least .10 percent, above the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/Motorvehiclesafety/Impaired_Driving/bac.html\">legal limit\u003c/a> of .08. Those causes of death also included falls; homicides; poisoning that involved pills or other substances along with alcohol; and suicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2006 through 2010, an average of 87,798 deaths were attributed to alcohol each year, the study found. Almost three-quarters of the deaths, 71 percent, were in men. Men tend to drink more and also to drive more, Brewer says, and are also more likely to be involved in homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/map-alcohol-deaths-624.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/map-alcohol-deaths-624.png\" alt=\"Source: Preventing Chronic Disease. Credit: Alyson Hurt/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"742\" class=\"size-full wp-image-84044\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Preventing Chronic Disease. Credit: Alyson Hurt/NPR\u003cbr>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some states have much bigger problems with alcohol-caused deaths than others. In New Mexico, 16.4 percent of deaths in the 20-to-64 age range were caused by alcohol. Other Western states, including Montana and Wyoming, weren't far behind. (For more states, see the chart below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, just 7.5 percent of Maryland's deaths were attributable to alcohol, less than half the rate in New Mexico. Other states with low rates of alcohol-related deaths include New York, New Jersey, Ohio and Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rural states where people drive long distances have more problems with drunk driving, but state policies can have a big impact, too, Brewer says. Raising the cost of alcohol by 10 percent can lower consumption by 7 percent. But taxes on alcohol tend to be low compared to those on cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that news isn't sobering enough, the 1-in-10 number is almost certainly an underestimate, Brewer says, because the CDC didn't include other causes of death in younger adults, including HIV/AIDS, pneumonia and tuberculosis. \"Alcohol is a major factor in deaths from those conditions,\" Brewer told Shots, \"But when we were doing our scientific analyses, we simply didn't have good estimates\" on the number of those deaths caused by heavy drinking. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/84037/excessive-drinking-causes-10-percent-of-deaths-in-working-adults","authors":["byline_bayareabites_84037"],"categories":["bayareabites_13306","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_8359","bayareabites_11015","bayareabites_10994","bayareabites_3605","bayareabites_11018"],"featImg":"bayareabites_84038","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_81061":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_81061","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"81061","score":null,"sort":[1398833490000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes","title":"Mom's Diet Right Before Pregnancy Can Alter Baby's Genes","publishDate":1398833490,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_81062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1674px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/04/72362257_wide-a620920319aa8dab3f3f831eea9b152d343dc70f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/04/72362257_wide-a620920319aa8dab3f3f831eea9b152d343dc70f.jpg\" alt=\"Even before you were a twinkle in your mom's eye, what she ate — and didn't eat enough of — may have helped shape you. Photo: George Marks/Getty Images\" width=\"1674\" height=\"940\" class=\"size-full wp-image-81062\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Even before you were a twinkle in your mom's eye, what she ate — and didn't eat enough of — may have helped shape you. Photo: George Marks/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by Michaeleen Doucleff, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/04/29/307787984/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (4/29/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women have heard it time and time again: What you eat during those nine months can have long-term effects on your child's health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heck, one study even \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/08/08/139033757/babys-palate-and-food-memories-shaped-before-birth\">found\u003c/a> that when pregnant women eat a diverse diet, the resulting babies are less picky in the foods they choose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what about mom's eating habits before she even knows she's pregnant?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutritional deficiencies right at the time of conception can alter a baby's genes permanently, scientists at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4746\">report\u003c/a> Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003cem>Nature Communications\u003c/em>, is the first to show that an environmental factor during the first few days of development can change DNA long term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers didn't look at how these genetic changes affect overall fetal development or the baby's health later in life. And they analyzed only six genes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's growing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/09/23/224387744/how-a-pregnant-womans-choices-could-shape-a-childs-health\">evidence\u003c/a> from other studies that similar types of genetic changes may help determine a child's risk for some diseases, including diabetes, mental disorders and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Can diet affect other genes? What's the biological impact of those [DNA] modifications? At the moment we don't know the answer to those questions,\" says nutritionist \u003ca href=\"http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/prentice.andrew\">Andrew Prentice\u003c/a>, who contributed to the study. \"But subsequent research we have — and haven't [yet] published — says it does matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we're not talking about altering the DNA code itself — you know, the building blocks of genes, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/the-four-bases-atcg-6491969\">ATGCs\u003c/a>? Rather, Prentice says the dietary effects he and his team have found seem to be changing whether genes are turned on or off in that earliest stage of embryonic development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This on-and-off switch is controlled by decorating the DNA with a special tag, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/the-role-of-methylation-in-gene-expression-1070\">methylation\u003c/a>. How much the six genes got tagged in the developing embryo depended on the levels of a few micronutrients in the mom's blood at the time of conception, Prentice and his team found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team examined several B vitamins and nutrients associated with them. They couldn't pinpoint exactly which ones were most important. But in general, when several of these nutrients, including vitamin B2, were at lower levels in mom's blood, the six genes had less methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vitamin levels [in all the women] weren't way out of the normal range either,\" Prentice says. \"If you took the blood to your doctor, he would say they were normal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also found a link between the DNA methylation and mom's body mass index at the time of conception. The heavier the mother, the less methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And again, none of the moms were obese. \"There were no overweight women in this group,\" Prentice says. \"Even then, we found a strong link between the mother's BMI and methylation patterns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, scientists have observed a similar phenomenon in mice: Diet and weight, at the time of conception, alter a baby's DNA methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To check for the effect in people, Prentice and his team turned to women in \u003ca href=\"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ga.html\">Gambia\u003c/a>. Families there rely on their gardens for most of their food, he says, \"so the weather patterns completely change the foods eaten throughout the year.\" In the rainy season, residents get fewer calories but more nutrient-rich vegetables. In the dry season, they have more calories but dishes are less vitamin-packed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the study is great,\" says Duke University's \u003ca href=\"http://www.genome.duke.edu/directory/faculty/murphy/\">Susan Murphy\u003c/a>, who wasn't involved in the work. \"We've hypothesized that this time right around conception is a critical period. It's pretty exciting to see it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the team only looked at six genes, Murphy says she thinks the effect shown in these stretches of DNA could reflect what's happening throughout the genome. \"They could be the canary in the coal mine,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Vitamin deficiencies near the time of conception change which genes get turned on during early development, scientists find.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1398833711,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":685},"headData":{"title":"Mom's Diet Right Before Pregnancy Can Alter Baby's Genes | KQED","description":"Vitamin deficiencies near the time of conception change which genes get turned on during early development, scientists find.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"81061 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=81061","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/04/29/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes/","disqusTitle":"Mom's Diet Right Before Pregnancy Can Alter Baby's Genes","nprByline":"Michaeleen Doucleff","nprStoryId":"307787984","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=307787984&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/04/29/307787984/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes?ft=3&f=307787984","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 29 Apr 2014 17:57:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 29 Apr 2014 17:14:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 29 Apr 2014 17:57:27 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/81061/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_81062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1674px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/04/72362257_wide-a620920319aa8dab3f3f831eea9b152d343dc70f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/04/72362257_wide-a620920319aa8dab3f3f831eea9b152d343dc70f.jpg\" alt=\"Even before you were a twinkle in your mom's eye, what she ate — and didn't eat enough of — may have helped shape you. Photo: George Marks/Getty Images\" width=\"1674\" height=\"940\" class=\"size-full wp-image-81062\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Even before you were a twinkle in your mom's eye, what she ate — and didn't eat enough of — may have helped shape you. Photo: George Marks/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by Michaeleen Doucleff, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/04/29/307787984/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (4/29/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women have heard it time and time again: What you eat during those nine months can have long-term effects on your child's health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heck, one study even \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/08/08/139033757/babys-palate-and-food-memories-shaped-before-birth\">found\u003c/a> that when pregnant women eat a diverse diet, the resulting babies are less picky in the foods they choose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what about mom's eating habits before she even knows she's pregnant?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutritional deficiencies right at the time of conception can alter a baby's genes permanently, scientists at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4746\">report\u003c/a> Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003cem>Nature Communications\u003c/em>, is the first to show that an environmental factor during the first few days of development can change DNA long term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers didn't look at how these genetic changes affect overall fetal development or the baby's health later in life. And they analyzed only six genes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's growing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/09/23/224387744/how-a-pregnant-womans-choices-could-shape-a-childs-health\">evidence\u003c/a> from other studies that similar types of genetic changes may help determine a child's risk for some diseases, including diabetes, mental disorders and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Can diet affect other genes? What's the biological impact of those [DNA] modifications? At the moment we don't know the answer to those questions,\" says nutritionist \u003ca href=\"http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/prentice.andrew\">Andrew Prentice\u003c/a>, who contributed to the study. \"But subsequent research we have — and haven't [yet] published — says it does matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we're not talking about altering the DNA code itself — you know, the building blocks of genes, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/the-four-bases-atcg-6491969\">ATGCs\u003c/a>? Rather, Prentice says the dietary effects he and his team have found seem to be changing whether genes are turned on or off in that earliest stage of embryonic development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This on-and-off switch is controlled by decorating the DNA with a special tag, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/the-role-of-methylation-in-gene-expression-1070\">methylation\u003c/a>. How much the six genes got tagged in the developing embryo depended on the levels of a few micronutrients in the mom's blood at the time of conception, Prentice and his team found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team examined several B vitamins and nutrients associated with them. They couldn't pinpoint exactly which ones were most important. But in general, when several of these nutrients, including vitamin B2, were at lower levels in mom's blood, the six genes had less methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vitamin levels [in all the women] weren't way out of the normal range either,\" Prentice says. \"If you took the blood to your doctor, he would say they were normal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also found a link between the DNA methylation and mom's body mass index at the time of conception. The heavier the mother, the less methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And again, none of the moms were obese. \"There were no overweight women in this group,\" Prentice says. \"Even then, we found a strong link between the mother's BMI and methylation patterns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, scientists have observed a similar phenomenon in mice: Diet and weight, at the time of conception, alter a baby's DNA methylation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To check for the effect in people, Prentice and his team turned to women in \u003ca href=\"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ga.html\">Gambia\u003c/a>. Families there rely on their gardens for most of their food, he says, \"so the weather patterns completely change the foods eaten throughout the year.\" In the rainy season, residents get fewer calories but more nutrient-rich vegetables. In the dry season, they have more calories but dishes are less vitamin-packed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the study is great,\" says Duke University's \u003ca href=\"http://www.genome.duke.edu/directory/faculty/murphy/\">Susan Murphy\u003c/a>, who wasn't involved in the work. \"We've hypothesized that this time right around conception is a critical period. It's pretty exciting to see it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the team only looked at six genes, Murphy says she thinks the effect shown in these stretches of DNA could reflect what's happening throughout the genome. \"They could be the canary in the coal mine,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/81061/moms-diet-right-before-pregnancy-can-alter-babys-genes","authors":["byline_bayareabites_81061"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_1246","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_13294","bayareabites_13296","bayareabites_13295","bayareabites_2058","bayareabites_12139","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_11318","bayareabites_13293"],"featImg":"bayareabites_81062","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_76037":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_76037","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"76037","score":null,"sort":[1388859420000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries","title":"Overweight People In Developing World Outnumber Those In Rich Countries","publishDate":1388859420,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/15528842_h23829988toned_wide-420e44db633d373890f356d7801465ec65a26c67.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/15528842_h23829988toned_wide-420e44db633d373890f356d7801465ec65a26c67-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"Government workers exercise at their office in Mexico City, August 2013. To counter the obesity epidemic, the city requires all government employees to do at least 20 minutes of exercise each day. Photo: Tomas Bravo/Reuters /Landov\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-76038\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Government workers exercise at their office in Mexico City, August 2013. To counter the obesity epidemic, the city requires all government employees to do at least 20 minutes of exercise each day. Photo: Tomas Bravo/Reuters /Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259115022/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/01/20140103_atc_global_obesity.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100218/jason-beaubien\">Jason Beaubien\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259115022/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (1/3/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are getting fatter around the world. And the problem is growing most rapidly in developing countries, researchers reported Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the last 30 years, the number of people who are overweight and obese in the developing world has tripled,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.odi.org.uk/about/staff/92-steve-wiggins\">Steve Wiggins\u003c/a>, of the Overseas Development Institute in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-third of adults globally are now overweight compared with fewer than 23 percent in 1980, the report \u003ca href=\"http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8776.pdf\">found\u003c/a>. And the number of overweight and obese people in the developing world now far overshadows the number in rich countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As countries go from being low-income to middle-income, and heading towards high-income, people earn more [money], and they can eat the foods that they find tasty,\" says Wiggins, who co-authored the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many foods people find tasty are also often the most fattening. Globalization has made high-calorie snack foods readily available at low cost almost everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2013/10/24/240340885/following-bloombergs-lead-mexico-aims-to-fight-fat\">Mexico\u003c/a>, for instance, which Wiggins calls a \"poster child\" for the global obesity problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you walk into a Mexican village store,\" he says, \"you'll be confronted with lots of tasty offerings of potato chips, nice cookies with lots of fat and sugar in them and lots of sweetened carbonated drinks — all kinds of stuff, which is terrific in small quantities, but not when you start to eat it in large quantities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1980, less than 40 percent of Mexican women were overweight. By 2008, almost 70 percent were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some Pacific Island nations, more than 90 percent of men are now considered overweight. The Middle East is also seeing a boom in chubbiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's something like 3 out of every 4 adult Egyptian women are now overweight or obese,\" Wiggins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rapid growth in waist sizes poses huge challenges for health systems, especially those that are already overburdened in poorer countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Excessive consumption of fat, salt and sugar are \"significant contributory factors to some cancers, cardiovascular disease and diabetes,\" the report noted. These diseases are costly to emerging economies, not only because of increased health care expenses, but also because of lost productivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a personal and societal problem of considerable magnitude,\" Wiggins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reversing this global trend, he says, could be accomplished with small changes to people's diets. In particular, public health campaigns could encourage families to substitute fruits and vegetables for high-calorie snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, the report concludes, there's been little political will in developing nations — where workers are finally enjoying a bit of disposable income — to tell people what they should or shouldn't be eating.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"One-third of adults worldwide are overweight. Globalization has made high-calorie foods readily available at low cost almost everywhere. In 1980, less than 40 percent of Mexican women were overweight. By 2008, almost 70 percent were.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1388859420,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":506},"headData":{"title":"Overweight People In Developing World Outnumber Those In Rich Countries | KQED","description":"One-third of adults worldwide are overweight. Globalization has made high-calorie foods readily available at low cost almost everywhere. In 1980, less than 40 percent of Mexican women were overweight. By 2008, almost 70 percent were.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"76037 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=76037","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/04/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries/","disqusTitle":"Overweight People In Developing World Outnumber Those In Rich Countries","nprByline":"Jason Beaubien","nprStoryId":"259115022","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=259115022&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259115022/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries?ft=3&f=259115022","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 03 Jan 2014 20:43:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 03 Jan 2014 16:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 03 Jan 2014 20:41:39 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/01/20140103_atc_global_obesity.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=259115022","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1259533067-6179fb.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=259115022","path":"/bayareabites/76037/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/01/20140103_atc_global_obesity.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=259115022","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/15528842_h23829988toned_wide-420e44db633d373890f356d7801465ec65a26c67.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/15528842_h23829988toned_wide-420e44db633d373890f356d7801465ec65a26c67-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"Government workers exercise at their office in Mexico City, August 2013. To counter the obesity epidemic, the city requires all government employees to do at least 20 minutes of exercise each day. Photo: Tomas Bravo/Reuters /Landov\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-76038\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Government workers exercise at their office in Mexico City, August 2013. To counter the obesity epidemic, the city requires all government employees to do at least 20 minutes of exercise each day. Photo: Tomas Bravo/Reuters /Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259115022/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/01/20140103_atc_global_obesity.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100218/jason-beaubien\">Jason Beaubien\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259115022/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (1/3/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are getting fatter around the world. And the problem is growing most rapidly in developing countries, researchers reported Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the last 30 years, the number of people who are overweight and obese in the developing world has tripled,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.odi.org.uk/about/staff/92-steve-wiggins\">Steve Wiggins\u003c/a>, of the Overseas Development Institute in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-third of adults globally are now overweight compared with fewer than 23 percent in 1980, the report \u003ca href=\"http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8776.pdf\">found\u003c/a>. And the number of overweight and obese people in the developing world now far overshadows the number in rich countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As countries go from being low-income to middle-income, and heading towards high-income, people earn more [money], and they can eat the foods that they find tasty,\" says Wiggins, who co-authored the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many foods people find tasty are also often the most fattening. Globalization has made high-calorie snack foods readily available at low cost almost everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2013/10/24/240340885/following-bloombergs-lead-mexico-aims-to-fight-fat\">Mexico\u003c/a>, for instance, which Wiggins calls a \"poster child\" for the global obesity problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you walk into a Mexican village store,\" he says, \"you'll be confronted with lots of tasty offerings of potato chips, nice cookies with lots of fat and sugar in them and lots of sweetened carbonated drinks — all kinds of stuff, which is terrific in small quantities, but not when you start to eat it in large quantities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1980, less than 40 percent of Mexican women were overweight. By 2008, almost 70 percent were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some Pacific Island nations, more than 90 percent of men are now considered overweight. The Middle East is also seeing a boom in chubbiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's something like 3 out of every 4 adult Egyptian women are now overweight or obese,\" Wiggins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rapid growth in waist sizes poses huge challenges for health systems, especially those that are already overburdened in poorer countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Excessive consumption of fat, salt and sugar are \"significant contributory factors to some cancers, cardiovascular disease and diabetes,\" the report noted. These diseases are costly to emerging economies, not only because of increased health care expenses, but also because of lost productivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a personal and societal problem of considerable magnitude,\" Wiggins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reversing this global trend, he says, could be accomplished with small changes to people's diets. In particular, public health campaigns could encourage families to substitute fruits and vegetables for high-calorie snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, the report concludes, there's been little political will in developing nations — where workers are finally enjoying a bit of disposable income — to tell people what they should or shouldn't be eating.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/76037/overweight-people-in-developing-world-outnumber-those-in-rich-countries","authors":["byline_bayareabites_76037"],"categories":["bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_12881","bayareabites_1435","bayareabites_12882","bayareabites_2613","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_12880"],"featImg":"bayareabites_76045","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_75228":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_75228","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"75228","score":null,"sort":[1387320409000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger","title":"The Case Against Multivitamins Grows Stronger","publishDate":1387320409,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/12/17/251955878/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (12/17/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75229\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/vitamins-33f1bf1892798589644b24a946995bcde804a0bc.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/vitamins-33f1bf1892798589644b24a946995bcde804a0bc-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"Though some people might need more of specific vitamins, multivitamins don't help most people, studies say. Photo: iStockphoto\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-75229\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Though some people might need more of specific vitamins, multivitamins don't help most people, studies say. Photo: iStockphoto\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I was growing up my mom gave me a multivitamin every day as a defense against unnamed dread diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it looks like Mom was wasting her money. Evidence continues to mount that vitamin supplements don't help most people and can actually cause diseases that people are taking them to prevent, like cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three studies published Monday add to multivitamins' bad rap. One review found no benefit in \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1767855\">preventing early death\u003c/a>, heart disease or cancer. Another found that taking multivitamins did nothing to stave off \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789250\">cognitive decline\u003c/a> with aging. A third found that \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789248\">high-dose multivitamins\u003c/a> didn't help people who had had one heart attack avoid another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Enough is enough,\" declares an \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789253\">editorial\u003c/a> accompanying the studies in \u003cem>Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/em>. \"Stop wasting money on vitamin and mineral supplements.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But enough is not enough for the American public. We spend $28 billion a year on vitamin supplements and are projected to spend more. About 40 percent of Americans take multivitamins, the editorial says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even people who know about all these studies showing no benefit continue to buy multivitamins for their families. Like, uh, me. They couldn't hurt, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, no. But $28 billion is a lot to spend on a worthless medical treatment. So I called up \u003ca href=\"http://ccb.jhu.edu/people/salzberg/Salzberg/About_Me.html\">Steven Salzberg\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins who has written about Americans' love affair with vitamins, to find out why we're so reluctant to give up the habit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is a great example of how our intuition leads us astray,\" Salzberg told Shots. \"It seems reasonable that if a little bit of something is good for you, then more should be better for you. It's not true. Supplementation with extra vitamins or micronutrients doesn't really benefit you if you don't have a deficiency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vitamin deficiencies can kill, and that discovery has made for some great medical detective stories. Salzberg points to James Lind, a Scottish physician who proved in 1747 that citrus juice could cure scurvy, which had killed more sailors than all wars combined. It was not until much later that scientists discovered that the magic ingredient was vitamin C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of vitamin D causes rickets. Lack of niacin causes pellagra, which was a big problem in the Southern U.S. in the early 1900s. Lack of vitamin A causes blindness. And lack of folic acid can cause spina bifida, a crippling deformity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Better nutrition and vitamin-fortified foods have made these problems pretty much history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now when public health officials talk about vitamin deficiencies and health, they're talking about specific populations and specific vitamins. Young women tend to be low on iodine, which is key for brain development in a fetus, according to a 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nutritionreport/\">report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And Mexican-American women and young children are more likely to be iron deficient. But even in that group, we're talking about 11 percent of the children, and 13 percent of the women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent studies have shown that too much \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/999.html\">beta carotene\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-QuickFacts/\">vitamin E\u003c/a> can cause cancer, and it's long been known that excess \u003ca href=\"http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/\">vitamin A \u003c/a>can cause liver damage, coma and death. That's what happened to Arctic explorers when they ate too much polar bear liver, which is rich in vitamin A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need a balance,\" Salzberg says. But he agrees with the \u003cem>Annals\u003c/em> editorial — enough already. \"The vast majority of people taking multivitamins and other supplemental vitamins don't need them. I don't need them, so I stopped.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm still struggling with the notion that mother didn't know best. But maybe when the current bottle of kids' chewable vitamins runs out, I won't buy more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Vitamin deficiencies can cause deadly diseases like scurvy, and other major health problems like spina bifida. But for most people, adding a multivitamin to their daily routine doesn't affect their health at all, studies say. Still, 40 percent of Americans continue to take multivitamins.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1387320409,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":659},"headData":{"title":"The Case Against Multivitamins Grows Stronger | KQED","description":"Vitamin deficiencies can cause deadly diseases like scurvy, and other major health problems like spina bifida. But for most people, adding a multivitamin to their daily routine doesn't affect their health at all, studies say. Still, 40 percent of Americans continue to take multivitamins.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"75228 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=75228","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/12/17/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger/","disqusTitle":"The Case Against Multivitamins Grows Stronger","nprByline":"Nancy Shute","nprStoryId":"251955878","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=251955878&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/12/17/251955878/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger?ft=3&f=251955878","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 17 Dec 2013 16:51:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 17 Dec 2013 12:37:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 17 Dec 2013 16:51:59 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/75228/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/12/17/251955878/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (12/17/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75229\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/vitamins-33f1bf1892798589644b24a946995bcde804a0bc.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/vitamins-33f1bf1892798589644b24a946995bcde804a0bc-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"Though some people might need more of specific vitamins, multivitamins don't help most people, studies say. Photo: iStockphoto\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-75229\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Though some people might need more of specific vitamins, multivitamins don't help most people, studies say. Photo: iStockphoto\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I was growing up my mom gave me a multivitamin every day as a defense against unnamed dread diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it looks like Mom was wasting her money. Evidence continues to mount that vitamin supplements don't help most people and can actually cause diseases that people are taking them to prevent, like cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three studies published Monday add to multivitamins' bad rap. One review found no benefit in \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1767855\">preventing early death\u003c/a>, heart disease or cancer. Another found that taking multivitamins did nothing to stave off \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789250\">cognitive decline\u003c/a> with aging. A third found that \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789248\">high-dose multivitamins\u003c/a> didn't help people who had had one heart attack avoid another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Enough is enough,\" declares an \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789253\">editorial\u003c/a> accompanying the studies in \u003cem>Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/em>. \"Stop wasting money on vitamin and mineral supplements.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But enough is not enough for the American public. We spend $28 billion a year on vitamin supplements and are projected to spend more. About 40 percent of Americans take multivitamins, the editorial says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even people who know about all these studies showing no benefit continue to buy multivitamins for their families. Like, uh, me. They couldn't hurt, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, no. But $28 billion is a lot to spend on a worthless medical treatment. So I called up \u003ca href=\"http://ccb.jhu.edu/people/salzberg/Salzberg/About_Me.html\">Steven Salzberg\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins who has written about Americans' love affair with vitamins, to find out why we're so reluctant to give up the habit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is a great example of how our intuition leads us astray,\" Salzberg told Shots. \"It seems reasonable that if a little bit of something is good for you, then more should be better for you. It's not true. Supplementation with extra vitamins or micronutrients doesn't really benefit you if you don't have a deficiency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vitamin deficiencies can kill, and that discovery has made for some great medical detective stories. Salzberg points to James Lind, a Scottish physician who proved in 1747 that citrus juice could cure scurvy, which had killed more sailors than all wars combined. It was not until much later that scientists discovered that the magic ingredient was vitamin C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of vitamin D causes rickets. Lack of niacin causes pellagra, which was a big problem in the Southern U.S. in the early 1900s. Lack of vitamin A causes blindness. And lack of folic acid can cause spina bifida, a crippling deformity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Better nutrition and vitamin-fortified foods have made these problems pretty much history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now when public health officials talk about vitamin deficiencies and health, they're talking about specific populations and specific vitamins. Young women tend to be low on iodine, which is key for brain development in a fetus, according to a 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nutritionreport/\">report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And Mexican-American women and young children are more likely to be iron deficient. But even in that group, we're talking about 11 percent of the children, and 13 percent of the women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent studies have shown that too much \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/999.html\">beta carotene\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-QuickFacts/\">vitamin E\u003c/a> can cause cancer, and it's long been known that excess \u003ca href=\"http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/\">vitamin A \u003c/a>can cause liver damage, coma and death. That's what happened to Arctic explorers when they ate too much polar bear liver, which is rich in vitamin A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need a balance,\" Salzberg says. But he agrees with the \u003cem>Annals\u003c/em> editorial — enough already. \"The vast majority of people taking multivitamins and other supplemental vitamins don't need them. I don't need them, so I stopped.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm still struggling with the notion that mother didn't know best. But maybe when the current bottle of kids' chewable vitamins runs out, I won't buy more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/75228/the-case-against-multivitamins-grows-stronger","authors":["byline_bayareabites_75228"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_1270","bayareabites_12809","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_12463","bayareabites_1598"],"featImg":"bayareabites_75229","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_74045":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_74045","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"74045","score":null,"sort":[1384795992000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","title":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds","publishDate":1384795992,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1449px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\" width=\"1449\" height=\"1086\" class=\"size-full wp-image-74046\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein\">Rob Stein\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (11/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could the microbes that inhabit our guts help explain that old idea of \"gut feelings?\" There's growing evidence that gut bacteria really might influence our minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm always by profession a skeptic,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?xyzpdqabc=0&id=479&action=detail&ref=8408\">Dr. Emeran Mayer\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles. \"But I do believe that our gut microbes affect what goes on in our brains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer thinks the bacteria in our digestive systems may help mold brain structure as we're growing up, and possibly influence our moods, behavior and feelings when we're adults. \"It opens up a completely new way of looking at brain function and health and disease,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Mayer is working on just that, doing MRI scans to look at the brains of thousands of volunteers and then comparing brain structure to the types of bacteria in their guts. He thinks he already has the first clues of a connection, from an analysis of about 60 volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer found that the connections between brain regions differed depending on which species of bacteria dominated a person's gut. That suggests that the specific mix of microbes in our guts might help determine what kinds of brains we have — how our brain circuits develop and how they're wired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=244526773&mediaId=245227995\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Of course, this doesn't mean that the microbes are causing changes in brain structure, or in behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other researchers have been trying to figure out a possible connection by looking at gut microbes in mice. There they've found changes in both brain chemistry and behavior. One experiment involved replacing the gut bacteria of anxious mice with bacteria from fearless mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mice became less anxious, more gregarious,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/medicine/gastro/faculty-member_collins.htm\">Stephen Collins\u003c/a> of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, who led a team that conducted the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527413000787\">research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It worked the other way around, too — bold mice became timid when they got the microbes of anxious ones. And aggressive mice calmed down when the scientists altered their microbes by changing their diet, feeding them probiotics or dosing them with antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out what might be causing the behavior changes, Collins and his colleagues then measured brain chemistry in mice. They found changes in a part of the brain involved in emotion and mood, including increases in a chemical called \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2811%2900607-X/abstract\">brain-derived neurotrophic factor\u003c/a>, which plays a role in learning and memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also have been working on a really obvious question — how the gut microbes could \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v13/n10/abs/nrn3346.html\">talk to the brain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big nerve known as the vagus nerve, which runs all the way from the brain to the abdomen, was a prime suspect. And when researchers in Ireland cut the vagus nerve in mice, they no longer saw the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/08/26/1102999108\">brain respond\u003c/a> to changes in the gut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vagus nerve is the highway of communication between what's going on in the gut and what's going on in the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://publish.ucc.ie/researchprofiles/C003/jcryan\">John Cryan\u003c/a> of the University College Cork in Ireland, who has collaborated with Collins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gut microbes may also communicate with the brain in other ways, scientists say, by modulating the immune system or by producing their own versions of neurotransmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm actually seeing new neurochemicals that have not been described before being produced by certain bacteria,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ttuhsc.edu/centers/aging/staff/marklyte.aspx\">Mark Lyte\u003c/a> of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Abilene, who studies how microbes affect the endocrine system. \"These bacteria are, in effect, mind-altering microorganisms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research raises the possibility that scientists could someday create drugs that mimic the signals being sent from the gut to the brain, or just give people the good bacteria — probiotics — to prevent or treat problems involving the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of scientists has tested mice that have behaviors similar to some of the symptoms of autism in humans. The idea is that the probiotics might correct problems the animals have with their gastrointestinal systems — problems that many autistic children also have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mice, many of their autism behaviors were no longer present or strongly ameliorated with probiotics, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbe.caltech.edu/content/paul-h-patterson\">Paul Patterson\u003c/a> at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif. His research will be published soon in the journal \u003cem>Cell\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experiments to test whether changing gut microbes in humans could affect the brain are only just beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One team of researchers in Baltimore is testing a probiotic to see if it can help prevent relapses of mania among patients suffering from bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea is that these probiotic treatments may alter what we call the microbiome and then may contribute to an improvement of psychiatric symptoms,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sheppardpratt.org/sp_htmlcode/sp_clinicians/sp_clini_detail.aspx?DID=165&LID=2\">Faith Dickerson\u003c/a>, director of psychology at the Sheppard Pratt Health System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes perfect sense to me,\" says Leah, a study participant who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. She agreed to talk with NPR if we agreed not to use her full name. \"Your brain is just another organ. It's definitely affected by what goes on in the rest of your body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's far too soon to know whether the probiotic has any effect, but Leah suspects it might. \"I'm doing really well,\" she says. \"I'm about to graduate college, and I'm doing everything right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer also has been studying the effects of probiotics on the brain in humans. Along with his colleague Kirsten Tillisch, Mayer gave healthy women yogurt containing a probiotic and then scanned their brains. He found subtle signs that the brain circuits involved in anxiety were less reactive, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(13)00292-8/abstract\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Gastroenterology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayer and others stress that a lot more work will be needed to know whether that probiotic — or any others — really could help people feel less anxious or help solve other problems involving the brain. He says, \"We're really in the early stages.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Anxious mice calm down when they get an infusion of gut microbes from mellow mice. That has scientists wondering if gut microbes play a role in the human brain, too. Research on that is only just beginning. But it's intriguing to think there could be a real truth to the phrase \"gut feelings.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1384935918,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1014},"headData":{"title":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds | KQED","description":"Anxious mice calm down when they get an infusion of gut microbes from mellow mice. That has scientists wondering if gut microbes play a role in the human brain, too. Research on that is only just beginning. But it's intriguing to think there could be a real truth to the phrase "gut feelings."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74045 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=74045","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/11/18/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds/","disqusTitle":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds","nprByline":"Rob Stein","nprStoryId":"244526773","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=244526773&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds?ft=3&f=244526773","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 11:58:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 04:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 11:58:49 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1245913171-121dc2.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","path":"/bayareabites/74045/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1449px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\" width=\"1449\" height=\"1086\" class=\"size-full wp-image-74046\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein\">Rob Stein\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (11/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could the microbes that inhabit our guts help explain that old idea of \"gut feelings?\" There's growing evidence that gut bacteria really might influence our minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm always by profession a skeptic,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?xyzpdqabc=0&id=479&action=detail&ref=8408\">Dr. Emeran Mayer\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles. \"But I do believe that our gut microbes affect what goes on in our brains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer thinks the bacteria in our digestive systems may help mold brain structure as we're growing up, and possibly influence our moods, behavior and feelings when we're adults. \"It opens up a completely new way of looking at brain function and health and disease,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Mayer is working on just that, doing MRI scans to look at the brains of thousands of volunteers and then comparing brain structure to the types of bacteria in their guts. He thinks he already has the first clues of a connection, from an analysis of about 60 volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer found that the connections between brain regions differed depending on which species of bacteria dominated a person's gut. That suggests that the specific mix of microbes in our guts might help determine what kinds of brains we have — how our brain circuits develop and how they're wired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=244526773&mediaId=245227995\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Of course, this doesn't mean that the microbes are causing changes in brain structure, or in behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other researchers have been trying to figure out a possible connection by looking at gut microbes in mice. There they've found changes in both brain chemistry and behavior. One experiment involved replacing the gut bacteria of anxious mice with bacteria from fearless mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mice became less anxious, more gregarious,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/medicine/gastro/faculty-member_collins.htm\">Stephen Collins\u003c/a> of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, who led a team that conducted the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527413000787\">research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It worked the other way around, too — bold mice became timid when they got the microbes of anxious ones. And aggressive mice calmed down when the scientists altered their microbes by changing their diet, feeding them probiotics or dosing them with antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out what might be causing the behavior changes, Collins and his colleagues then measured brain chemistry in mice. They found changes in a part of the brain involved in emotion and mood, including increases in a chemical called \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2811%2900607-X/abstract\">brain-derived neurotrophic factor\u003c/a>, which plays a role in learning and memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also have been working on a really obvious question — how the gut microbes could \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v13/n10/abs/nrn3346.html\">talk to the brain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big nerve known as the vagus nerve, which runs all the way from the brain to the abdomen, was a prime suspect. And when researchers in Ireland cut the vagus nerve in mice, they no longer saw the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/08/26/1102999108\">brain respond\u003c/a> to changes in the gut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vagus nerve is the highway of communication between what's going on in the gut and what's going on in the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://publish.ucc.ie/researchprofiles/C003/jcryan\">John Cryan\u003c/a> of the University College Cork in Ireland, who has collaborated with Collins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gut microbes may also communicate with the brain in other ways, scientists say, by modulating the immune system or by producing their own versions of neurotransmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm actually seeing new neurochemicals that have not been described before being produced by certain bacteria,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ttuhsc.edu/centers/aging/staff/marklyte.aspx\">Mark Lyte\u003c/a> of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Abilene, who studies how microbes affect the endocrine system. \"These bacteria are, in effect, mind-altering microorganisms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research raises the possibility that scientists could someday create drugs that mimic the signals being sent from the gut to the brain, or just give people the good bacteria — probiotics — to prevent or treat problems involving the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of scientists has tested mice that have behaviors similar to some of the symptoms of autism in humans. The idea is that the probiotics might correct problems the animals have with their gastrointestinal systems — problems that many autistic children also have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mice, many of their autism behaviors were no longer present or strongly ameliorated with probiotics, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbe.caltech.edu/content/paul-h-patterson\">Paul Patterson\u003c/a> at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif. His research will be published soon in the journal \u003cem>Cell\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experiments to test whether changing gut microbes in humans could affect the brain are only just beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One team of researchers in Baltimore is testing a probiotic to see if it can help prevent relapses of mania among patients suffering from bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea is that these probiotic treatments may alter what we call the microbiome and then may contribute to an improvement of psychiatric symptoms,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sheppardpratt.org/sp_htmlcode/sp_clinicians/sp_clini_detail.aspx?DID=165&LID=2\">Faith Dickerson\u003c/a>, director of psychology at the Sheppard Pratt Health System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes perfect sense to me,\" says Leah, a study participant who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. She agreed to talk with NPR if we agreed not to use her full name. \"Your brain is just another organ. It's definitely affected by what goes on in the rest of your body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's far too soon to know whether the probiotic has any effect, but Leah suspects it might. \"I'm doing really well,\" she says. \"I'm about to graduate college, and I'm doing everything right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer also has been studying the effects of probiotics on the brain in humans. Along with his colleague Kirsten Tillisch, Mayer gave healthy women yogurt containing a probiotic and then scanned their brains. He found subtle signs that the brain circuits involved in anxiety were less reactive, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(13)00292-8/abstract\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Gastroenterology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayer and others stress that a lot more work will be needed to know whether that probiotic — or any others — really could help people feel less anxious or help solve other problems involving the brain. He says, \"We're really in the early stages.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/74045/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","authors":["byline_bayareabites_74045"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_316"],"tags":["bayareabites_11456","bayareabites_12709","bayareabites_12708","bayareabites_12710","bayareabites_11018"],"featImg":"bayareabites_74050","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_71736":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_71736","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"71736","score":null,"sort":[1381171591000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard","title":"For Boys With Eating Disorders, Finding Treatment Can Be Hard","publishDate":1381171591,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Post by Rhitu Chatterjee, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/10/07/229164585/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (10/7/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=229164585&mediaId=229962709\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Video Credit: Maggie Starbard, Rhitu Chatterjee, Ben de la Cruz, Alison Richards/NPR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Kathy Noyes began to notice that her 12-year-old son, Jonathan, was eating more than usual. She caught him eating late at night. She found empty peanut butter jars and chip and cookie bags stashed around the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She didn't know what to make of it. Her friends said, \"Well, my boys eat a lot too. They're growing boys. Just wait till you get your grocery bill when they're 16.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jonathan soon started to be sent home from school frequently because he was sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He started vomiting a lot,\" recalls Noyes. \"And then afterward he'd be fine. He wasn't feverish, he wasn't pale. So I'd send him back to school and he'd be sick again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when she realized something was seriously wrong. She took Jonathan to a doctor who diagnosed him with the eating disorder \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/bulimia-nervosa-males\">bulimia nervosa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eating disorders are commonly thought to be a problem for girls and women, but an estimated \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/silent-epidemic\">10 million American men\u003c/a> have an eating disorder at some point in their lives, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/males-and-eating-disorders\">National Eating Disorders Association\u003c/a>. Psychologists and psychiatrists who treat eating disorders say those numbers are on the rise. The condition can be life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the last five, six years, I've been seeing younger and younger boys who are struggling with these problems,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/49525\">Roberto Olivardia\u003c/a>, a clinical psychologist affiliated with Harvard Medical School, who has been working with boys and men with eating disorders for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like girls with eating disorders, the boys tend to be perfectionists and may have mental health problems, including obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety or depression. Eating disorders tend to kick in during especially difficult life changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Noyes began binge eating three years ago, when he was 10. He and his family had returned from a vacation when his whole life seemed to fall apart. His father lost his job, which added stress to his parents' relationship. His grandmother got diagnosed with cancer and moved in with his family. And his cat died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first food he binged on was peanut butter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At first I thought I could stop doing it whenever I want; it's not a big deal,\" Jonathan says. \"You know, it's just a thing I do.\" But soon he realized \"I can't stop this. I'm helpless. I need peanut butter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That need brought with it an overwhelming sense of guilt, he says. So he started purging. Every time he felt he had overeaten, he says he would lock himself in the bathroom and stick his fingers in his throat until he threw up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt the relief, but there was still the guilt and pain there,\" Jonathan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has always been a little chubby and has been bullied at school for it. \"I'm the butt of jokes,\" he says. \"I'm the guy that everyone makes fun of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increased social pressure for boys and men to be lean and muscular is at least partly responsible for the rise in males with eating disorders, Olivardia says. \"In the early '80s, there was this real significant increase of advertising showing shirtless men, where the body became more of a commodity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even comic-book superheroes and GI Joe toys have become more muscular in recent years, Olivardia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though eating disorders in boys share many similarities with those in girls, treatment programs tailored to girls may not feel like the right fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan was the only male patient at an eating disorder program at \u003ca href=\"http://www.harthosp.org/instituteofliving/default.aspx\">Hartford Hospital\u003c/a> in Connecticut. \"A lot of the stuff didn't really apply to me,\" he says. \"Like the stuff about body image, and how you feel, and what's going on in your head and stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what it is, but something about having an eating disorder as a boy and having an eating disorder as a girl makes it very different.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the program helped. Jonathan feels better about his own body. He no longer purges, and for the most part doesn't binge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_71744\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/10/collin.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/10/collin.jpg\" alt=\"Collin Schuster lived with eating disorders for six years before finding a treatment program designed for boys and men. Photo: Courtesy of Collin Schuster \" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-71744\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Collin Schuster lived with eating disorders for six years before finding a treatment program designed for boys and men. Photo: Courtesy of Collin Schuster\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lack of eating disorders treatment tailored for boys and men is all too familiar to psychiatrist Theodore Weltzin, the director of the nation's only residential program for boys and men, at \u003ca href=\"http://rogershospital.org/\">Rogers Memorial Hospital\u003c/a>, a nonprofit psychiatric hospital in Oconomowoc, Wis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the biggest concerns for men is they feel a little bit like a fish out of water when they go and seek treatment for an eating disorder,\" says Weltzin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collin Schuster entered the program at Rogers Memorial Hospital after six years of bingeing. When he first walked into a room full of boys and men, he felt a weight lift off his shoulders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't realize that there were other guys out there who were struggling with similar issues,\" says Schuster, 18. \"That was the start of, OK, maybe this is something that's more common or more manageable than I thought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Schuster returned home from the program to Old Saybrook, Conn. When he learned that another boy in his hometown was also struggling with an eating disorder, Schuster reached out to him; he called Jonathan Noyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two now meet regularly. Over video games they talk about their struggles with eating disorders. Schuster has become a friend and a mentor to Noyes, now 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan says that friendship has made him much more confident that he will recover. \"It's been difficult, but I'll make it through. I know I will.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Anorexia and bulimia, eating disorders once thought to affect only girls and women, affect a growing number of boys and men. Boys as young as 9 and 10 are feeling the pressure to be ripped and muscular, psychologists say. But they can have a hard time finding a treatment program geared to males.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1383259801,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":978},"headData":{"title":"For Boys With Eating Disorders, Finding Treatment Can Be Hard | KQED","description":"Anorexia and bulimia, eating disorders once thought to affect only girls and women, affect a growing number of boys and men. Boys as young as 9 and 10 are feeling the pressure to be ripped and muscular, psychologists say. But they can have a hard time finding a treatment program geared to males.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"71736 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=71736","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/10/07/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard/","disqusTitle":"For Boys With Eating Disorders, Finding Treatment Can Be Hard","nprByline":"Rhitu Chatterjee","nprStoryId":"229164585","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=229164585&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/10/07/229164585/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard?ft=3&f=229164585","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 07 Oct 2013 10:49:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 07 Oct 2013 04:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 07 Oct 2013 10:49:31 -0400","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/10/20131007_me_06.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=229164585","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1230023612-5f7cfd.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=229164585","path":"/bayareabites/71736/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/10/20131007_me_06.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&ft=3&f=229164585","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Post by Rhitu Chatterjee, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/10/07/229164585/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (10/7/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=229164585&mediaId=229962709\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Video Credit: Maggie Starbard, Rhitu Chatterjee, Ben de la Cruz, Alison Richards/NPR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Kathy Noyes began to notice that her 12-year-old son, Jonathan, was eating more than usual. She caught him eating late at night. She found empty peanut butter jars and chip and cookie bags stashed around the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She didn't know what to make of it. Her friends said, \"Well, my boys eat a lot too. They're growing boys. Just wait till you get your grocery bill when they're 16.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jonathan soon started to be sent home from school frequently because he was sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He started vomiting a lot,\" recalls Noyes. \"And then afterward he'd be fine. He wasn't feverish, he wasn't pale. So I'd send him back to school and he'd be sick again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when she realized something was seriously wrong. She took Jonathan to a doctor who diagnosed him with the eating disorder \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/bulimia-nervosa-males\">bulimia nervosa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eating disorders are commonly thought to be a problem for girls and women, but an estimated \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/silent-epidemic\">10 million American men\u003c/a> have an eating disorder at some point in their lives, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/males-and-eating-disorders\">National Eating Disorders Association\u003c/a>. Psychologists and psychiatrists who treat eating disorders say those numbers are on the rise. The condition can be life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the last five, six years, I've been seeing younger and younger boys who are struggling with these problems,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/49525\">Roberto Olivardia\u003c/a>, a clinical psychologist affiliated with Harvard Medical School, who has been working with boys and men with eating disorders for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like girls with eating disorders, the boys tend to be perfectionists and may have mental health problems, including obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety or depression. Eating disorders tend to kick in during especially difficult life changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Noyes began binge eating three years ago, when he was 10. He and his family had returned from a vacation when his whole life seemed to fall apart. His father lost his job, which added stress to his parents' relationship. His grandmother got diagnosed with cancer and moved in with his family. And his cat died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first food he binged on was peanut butter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At first I thought I could stop doing it whenever I want; it's not a big deal,\" Jonathan says. \"You know, it's just a thing I do.\" But soon he realized \"I can't stop this. I'm helpless. I need peanut butter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That need brought with it an overwhelming sense of guilt, he says. So he started purging. Every time he felt he had overeaten, he says he would lock himself in the bathroom and stick his fingers in his throat until he threw up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt the relief, but there was still the guilt and pain there,\" Jonathan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has always been a little chubby and has been bullied at school for it. \"I'm the butt of jokes,\" he says. \"I'm the guy that everyone makes fun of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increased social pressure for boys and men to be lean and muscular is at least partly responsible for the rise in males with eating disorders, Olivardia says. \"In the early '80s, there was this real significant increase of advertising showing shirtless men, where the body became more of a commodity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even comic-book superheroes and GI Joe toys have become more muscular in recent years, Olivardia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though eating disorders in boys share many similarities with those in girls, treatment programs tailored to girls may not feel like the right fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan was the only male patient at an eating disorder program at \u003ca href=\"http://www.harthosp.org/instituteofliving/default.aspx\">Hartford Hospital\u003c/a> in Connecticut. \"A lot of the stuff didn't really apply to me,\" he says. \"Like the stuff about body image, and how you feel, and what's going on in your head and stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what it is, but something about having an eating disorder as a boy and having an eating disorder as a girl makes it very different.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the program helped. Jonathan feels better about his own body. He no longer purges, and for the most part doesn't binge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_71744\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/10/collin.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/10/collin.jpg\" alt=\"Collin Schuster lived with eating disorders for six years before finding a treatment program designed for boys and men. Photo: Courtesy of Collin Schuster \" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-71744\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Collin Schuster lived with eating disorders for six years before finding a treatment program designed for boys and men. Photo: Courtesy of Collin Schuster\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lack of eating disorders treatment tailored for boys and men is all too familiar to psychiatrist Theodore Weltzin, the director of the nation's only residential program for boys and men, at \u003ca href=\"http://rogershospital.org/\">Rogers Memorial Hospital\u003c/a>, a nonprofit psychiatric hospital in Oconomowoc, Wis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the biggest concerns for men is they feel a little bit like a fish out of water when they go and seek treatment for an eating disorder,\" says Weltzin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collin Schuster entered the program at Rogers Memorial Hospital after six years of bingeing. When he first walked into a room full of boys and men, he felt a weight lift off his shoulders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't realize that there were other guys out there who were struggling with similar issues,\" says Schuster, 18. \"That was the start of, OK, maybe this is something that's more common or more manageable than I thought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Schuster returned home from the program to Old Saybrook, Conn. When he learned that another boy in his hometown was also struggling with an eating disorder, Schuster reached out to him; he called Jonathan Noyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two now meet regularly. Over video games they talk about their struggles with eating disorders. Schuster has become a friend and a mentor to Noyes, now 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan says that friendship has made him much more confident that he will recover. \"It's been difficult, but I'll make it through. I know I will.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/71736/for-boys-with-eating-disorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard","authors":["byline_bayareabites_71736"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_12511","bayareabites_12509","bayareabites_12506","bayareabites_12510","bayareabites_12505","bayareabites_2613","bayareabites_12507","bayareabites_12508","bayareabites_11018"],"featImg":"bayareabites_71748","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_62244":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_62244","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"62244","score":null,"sort":[1369073618000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults","title":"ADHD In Childhood May Feed Obesity In Adults","publishDate":1369073618,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/05/20/185521490/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults\">Shots at NPR Health News\u003c/a> (5/20/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62250\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/adhd-eating.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/adhd-eating-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"Does ADHD affect eating and weight? Photo: iStockphoto.com\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-62250\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Does ADHD affect eating and weight?\u003cbr>Photo: iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Men who were diagnosed with ADHD as children are more likely to be obese in adulthood, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men who had ADHD weighed 19 pounds more at age 41 than otherwise similar men who hadn't had ADHD as boys, the researchers found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes sense, because they're self-medicating with carbohydrates,\" says Dr. Edward Hallowell, a psychiatrist in Sudbury, Mass., who has ADHD and treats adults with ADHD. \"Carbs do the same thing that stimulant medications do — promote dopamine,\" says Hallowell, who wasn't involved in the latest study. \"So you get the gallon of ice cream at midnight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/04/05/176339684/tracking-a-rise-in-adhd-diagnosis\">may affect\u003c/a> up to 11 percent of American children, the majority of them boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier studies had suggested that adults with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder.html\">ADHD\u003c/a> may be more likely to gain weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research doesn't prove that the ADHD is causing the weight gain. And this new study doesn't prove that, either. But it does provide better evidence for a potential link because it followed the same group of people over time. It looked at a group of 111 boys with ADHD at age 8. Then their weight was assessed at age 41. The men with ADHD were then compared to similar men who didn't have ADHD as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men who had had ADHD weighed an average of 213 pounds, and 41 percent of them were obese. By contrast, the men who hadn't had ADHD weighed 194 pounds on average, and 22 percent were obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study leaders realized that weight was becoming an an issue for their participants when some who came in for MRI scans were too fat to fit in the machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In most studies you eliminate those people,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.med.nyu.edu/biosketch/castef01\">F. Xavier Castellanos\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist at the Child Study Center at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York and a co-author of the study, which was published in the journal \u003cem>Pediatrics\u003c/em>. Instead, the researchers started collecting information on the participants' weight and body mass, or BMI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study doesn't figure out why boyhood ADHD might be causing weight problems in adulthood. The weight gain could be caused by psychological factors or neurobiology, Castellanos speculates. Differences in the pathways for dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found in both people who are obese and people with ADHD, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it could be that the impulsiveness typical of ADHD makes it harder for people to say no to food. Children who take stimulant medications like Ritalin typically don't have problems with weight gain because the medications suppress appetite. But eating issues may emerge later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hallowell says he often sees adult patients with ADHD who struggle with overeating. \"Nutrition should be part of the treatment plan,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents of children with ADHD should take particular care to make sure their children develop lifelong good eating habits, Castellanos says. \"The reality is that ADHD people can be at risk for being swayed by temptation.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"People diagnosed with ADHD as children may be more apt to be obese in adulthood, scientists say. Differences in brain biology or the impulsiveness typical of ADHD may contribute to lasting, bad eating habits.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1369073821,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":528},"headData":{"title":"ADHD In Childhood May Feed Obesity In Adults | KQED","description":"People diagnosed with ADHD as children may be more apt to be obese in adulthood, scientists say. Differences in brain biology or the impulsiveness typical of ADHD may contribute to lasting, bad eating habits.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"62244 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=62244","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/05/20/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults/","disqusTitle":"ADHD In Childhood May Feed Obesity In Adults","nprByline":"Nancy Shute","nprStoryId":"185521490","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=185521490&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/05/20/185521490/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults?ft=3&f=185521490","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 20 May 2013 12:53:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 20 May 2013 12:42:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 20 May 2013 12:53:54 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/62244/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/05/20/185521490/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults\">Shots at NPR Health News\u003c/a> (5/20/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62250\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/adhd-eating.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/adhd-eating-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"Does ADHD affect eating and weight? Photo: iStockphoto.com\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-62250\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Does ADHD affect eating and weight?\u003cbr>Photo: iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Men who were diagnosed with ADHD as children are more likely to be obese in adulthood, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men who had ADHD weighed 19 pounds more at age 41 than otherwise similar men who hadn't had ADHD as boys, the researchers found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes sense, because they're self-medicating with carbohydrates,\" says Dr. Edward Hallowell, a psychiatrist in Sudbury, Mass., who has ADHD and treats adults with ADHD. \"Carbs do the same thing that stimulant medications do — promote dopamine,\" says Hallowell, who wasn't involved in the latest study. \"So you get the gallon of ice cream at midnight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/04/05/176339684/tracking-a-rise-in-adhd-diagnosis\">may affect\u003c/a> up to 11 percent of American children, the majority of them boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier studies had suggested that adults with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder.html\">ADHD\u003c/a> may be more likely to gain weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research doesn't prove that the ADHD is causing the weight gain. And this new study doesn't prove that, either. But it does provide better evidence for a potential link because it followed the same group of people over time. It looked at a group of 111 boys with ADHD at age 8. Then their weight was assessed at age 41. The men with ADHD were then compared to similar men who didn't have ADHD as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men who had had ADHD weighed an average of 213 pounds, and 41 percent of them were obese. By contrast, the men who hadn't had ADHD weighed 194 pounds on average, and 22 percent were obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study leaders realized that weight was becoming an an issue for their participants when some who came in for MRI scans were too fat to fit in the machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In most studies you eliminate those people,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.med.nyu.edu/biosketch/castef01\">F. Xavier Castellanos\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist at the Child Study Center at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York and a co-author of the study, which was published in the journal \u003cem>Pediatrics\u003c/em>. Instead, the researchers started collecting information on the participants' weight and body mass, or BMI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study doesn't figure out why boyhood ADHD might be causing weight problems in adulthood. The weight gain could be caused by psychological factors or neurobiology, Castellanos speculates. Differences in the pathways for dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found in both people who are obese and people with ADHD, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it could be that the impulsiveness typical of ADHD makes it harder for people to say no to food. Children who take stimulant medications like Ritalin typically don't have problems with weight gain because the medications suppress appetite. But eating issues may emerge later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hallowell says he often sees adult patients with ADHD who struggle with overeating. \"Nutrition should be part of the treatment plan,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents of children with ADHD should take particular care to make sure their children develop lifelong good eating habits, Castellanos says. \"The reality is that ADHD people can be at risk for being swayed by temptation.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/62244/adhd-in-childhood-may-feed-obesity-in-adults","authors":["byline_bayareabites_62244"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_11744","bayareabites_11745","bayareabites_1270","bayareabites_2613","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_511"],"featImg":"bayareabites_62245","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_57381":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_57381","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"57381","score":null,"sort":[1361815904000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study","title":"Spanish Test: Mediterranean Diet Shines In Clinical Study","publishDate":1361815904,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57384\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/oliveoil.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/oliveoil-290x162.jpg\" alt=\"Don't hold back on the olive oil, a Spanish study concludes. Photo: hiphoto40/iStockphoto.com\" width=\"290\" height=\"162\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-57384\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don't hold back on the olive oil, a Spanish study concludes. Photo: hiphoto40/iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Scott Hensley, Shots, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/02/25/172872408/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study\">NPR Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pour on the olive oil in good conscience, and add some nuts while you're at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A careful test of the so-called Mediterranean diet involving more than 7,000 people at a high risk of having heart attacks and strokes found the diet reduced them when compared with a low-fat diet. A regular diet of Mediterranean cuisine also reduced the risk of dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1200303\">published online\u003c/a> by \u003cem>The New England Journal of Medicine,\u003c/em> come from a study conducted right in the heart of Mediterranean country: Spain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of men and women, ages 55 to 80 at the start of the study, were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet or one of two variations of the Mediterranean diet: one featuring a lot of extra-virgin olive oil (more than a quarter cup a day) and the other including lots of nuts (more than an ounce a day of walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/action/showImage?doi=10.1056%2FNEJMoa1200303&iid=t01\">Mediterranean diet\u003c/a> is rich in fish, grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables. The diet is low in dairy products, red meat and processed foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this study, funded mainly by the Spanish government, the researchers made sure people got regular training sessions in the particulars of each diet. They also checked people's actual consumption of olive oil and nuts with lab tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing the researchers didn't do was set any limits on calories or targets for exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While lots of research has found benefits from the Mediterranean diet, many of the studies have observed what people have eaten and looked for associations. One of this study's strengths is that it randomly assigned people at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease to diets that stood to help then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was stopped early (after a median follow-up of 4.8 years) because the benefits from the Mediterranean diet were already becoming apparent. Overall, the people consuming the diets rich in olive oil or nuts had about a 30 percent lower risk of having a heart attack, stroke or dying from a cardiovascular cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In absolute terms, there were about 8 of those problems for every 1,000 \u003ca href=\"http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67454\">person-years\u003c/a> in the Mediterranean diet groups compared with 11 per 1,000 person-years in the low-fat diet group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How does the Mediterranean diet work? The prevailing theory is that it lowers bad cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing protective good cholesterol. It may also also help the body's ability to process sugar.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"People who stuck with diets rich in olive oil and nuts had about a 30 percent lower risk of experiencing a major cardiovascular problem, such as a heart attack or stroke, than people who followed a low-fat diet.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1361816136,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":442},"headData":{"title":"Spanish Test: Mediterranean Diet Shines In Clinical Study | KQED","description":"People who stuck with diets rich in olive oil and nuts had about a 30 percent lower risk of experiencing a major cardiovascular problem, such as a heart attack or stroke, than people who followed a low-fat diet.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"57381 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=57381","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/02/25/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study/","disqusTitle":"Spanish Test: Mediterranean Diet Shines In Clinical Study","nprByline":"Scott Hensley","nprStoryId":"172872408","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=172872408&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/02/25/172872408/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study?ft=3&f=172872408","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 25 Feb 2013 12:33:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 25 Feb 2013 12:26:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 25 Feb 2013 12:33:39 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/57381/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57384\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/oliveoil.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/oliveoil-290x162.jpg\" alt=\"Don't hold back on the olive oil, a Spanish study concludes. Photo: hiphoto40/iStockphoto.com\" width=\"290\" height=\"162\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-57384\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don't hold back on the olive oil, a Spanish study concludes. Photo: hiphoto40/iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Scott Hensley, Shots, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/02/25/172872408/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study\">NPR Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pour on the olive oil in good conscience, and add some nuts while you're at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A careful test of the so-called Mediterranean diet involving more than 7,000 people at a high risk of having heart attacks and strokes found the diet reduced them when compared with a low-fat diet. A regular diet of Mediterranean cuisine also reduced the risk of dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1200303\">published online\u003c/a> by \u003cem>The New England Journal of Medicine,\u003c/em> come from a study conducted right in the heart of Mediterranean country: Spain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of men and women, ages 55 to 80 at the start of the study, were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet or one of two variations of the Mediterranean diet: one featuring a lot of extra-virgin olive oil (more than a quarter cup a day) and the other including lots of nuts (more than an ounce a day of walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/action/showImage?doi=10.1056%2FNEJMoa1200303&iid=t01\">Mediterranean diet\u003c/a> is rich in fish, grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables. The diet is low in dairy products, red meat and processed foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this study, funded mainly by the Spanish government, the researchers made sure people got regular training sessions in the particulars of each diet. They also checked people's actual consumption of olive oil and nuts with lab tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing the researchers didn't do was set any limits on calories or targets for exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While lots of research has found benefits from the Mediterranean diet, many of the studies have observed what people have eaten and looked for associations. One of this study's strengths is that it randomly assigned people at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease to diets that stood to help then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was stopped early (after a median follow-up of 4.8 years) because the benefits from the Mediterranean diet were already becoming apparent. Overall, the people consuming the diets rich in olive oil or nuts had about a 30 percent lower risk of having a heart attack, stroke or dying from a cardiovascular cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In absolute terms, there were about 8 of those problems for every 1,000 \u003ca href=\"http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67454\">person-years\u003c/a> in the Mediterranean diet groups compared with 11 per 1,000 person-years in the low-fat diet group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How does the Mediterranean diet work? The prevailing theory is that it lowers bad cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing protective good cholesterol. It may also also help the body's ability to process sugar.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/57381/spanish-test-mediterranean-diet-shines-in-clinical-study","authors":["byline_bayareabites_57381"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_11262","bayareabites_11260","bayareabites_11261","bayareabites_8347","bayareabites_11018","bayareabites_11263","bayareabites_11264"],"featImg":"bayareabites_57382","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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