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But for those in prison, it can be almost impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind bars, it often takes ingenuity, a hodgepodge of commissary items and food shipped from loved ones to even approximate a proper diet. This is what Albert \"Prodigy\" Johnson, of the influential hip-hop duo \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MobbDeepQB/\">Mobb Deep\u003c/a> — you might remember their '90s hit single \"Shook Ones, Part II\" — discovered after he was sentenced for illegally possessing a firearm in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing what to eat and how to make it is evidently such an important part of prison life that there's an entire cottage industry of cookbooks written on the subject. \u003ca href=\"https://www.prisonfellowship.org/documents/prisonfellowship/2012/prison_survival_guide.pdf\">Inmate survival guides\u003c/a> often have a section on food and how to use the commissary to augment prison diets. \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen: My Infamous Prison Cookbook,\u003c/em> which will be published this month, is written by Prodigy and journalist Kathy landoli (she prefers to lowercase her surname).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Prodigy describes how his lifelong battle with sickle cell made him hyper-conscious of what he ate while incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't afford to get sick in prison,\" he writes. \"My sickle cell is no joke, so I couldn't eat poorly or not exercise. And everything in jail is designed to do the exact opposite.\" This is just a hint of what sets \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen \u003c/em>apart from other books in the genre — it's about Prodigy's experience of prison as much, if not more than, about the food itself. Unlike most cookbooks, there will also be an audio version read by Prodigy — recipes included.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the prison menus did change, he writes that there was only one green vegetable that made it onto his cafeteria tray — green beans — and it was served only once a week. Even though he tried to eat healthy, readers of the book will notice the recipes are a far cry from anything Gwyneth Paltrow would whip up in her kitchen. \"It's not all healthy stuff,\" Prodigy told NPR in an interview. \"There's a lot of butter and seasonings — it's as healthy as I could get in the prison system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just because inmates have access to the prison cafeteria doesn't mean that they have enough to eat. Prison meals are often so cheap, meager and bad that they've incited riots, caused starving inmates to supplement their diets with \"toothpaste and toilet paper,\" and sparked investigations from human rights organizations, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/07/what-s-in-a-prison-meal#.bWj9dfxA4\">Marshall Project\u003c/a>, a criminal justice advocacy nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_112566\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/10/9780997146233_custom-9afaad62812a9282f853be7935ec2ebb5f772c1a-s700-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Commissary Kitchen My Infamous Prison Cookbook by Albert Johnson, Kathy Iandoli and Eddie Huang\" width=\"400\" height=\"492\" class=\"size-full wp-image-112566\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/496883049/commissary-kitchen-my-infamous-prison-cookbook\">Commissary Kitchen\u003c/a>\u003cbr>My Infamous Prison Cookbook\u003cbr>by Albert Johnson, Kathy Iandoli and Eddie Huang\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Access to food is such a part of prison life that inmates use \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/08/26/491236253/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice\">ramen\u003c/a> as currency to trade for gifts and services. As punishment, guards can restrict access to the commissary or dole out portions of the cardboard-flavored food brick known as Nutraloaf in lieu of regular meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prodigy says that the prison \"day room\" — a common area of sorts — was where inmates did all of their cooking. \"In the building I was in, there was about 30-40 inmates in that particular dorm, and we'd all have to share one microwave and one toaster oven and take turns cooking there,\" he says. Those who try to cook during allotted times to avoid prison fodder might have to use a knife so dull that \"it only works as a stirrer,\" Prodigy writes. Some inmates try to save can lids — \"the sharpest object you can get\" — because they can be held sideways to chop food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only correctional officers can access refrigerators. But despite this, Prodigy managed to make curry gravy, macaroni and tuna salads, baked seafood with vegetables and sweet potato pie – all recipes that are available in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to wanting to eat better food, there's another reason cooking is such a popular pastime in prison. \"It's just relaxing and you almost forget where you're at for an hour or two,\" Prodigy says. \"It helps people get along, too. Sometimes if you've got a group of people in there that are cool with each other, we'd order a chicken [from the commissary] together or make a dinner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The further you go into the book, the less healthy (and, in Prodigy's estimation, more disgusting) recipes become. Near the end, there are recipes like \"Prison Surprise:\" a mixture of ramen noodles, Doritos, Jack Mack (canned mackerel) and hot sauce. Prodigy ends his cooking instructions for these dishes with \"Good luck, yo.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important part of prison cooking, Prodigy writes, is the seasonings. Luckily, the commissary offered a lot of them: hot sauce, soy sauce, sugar, mayonnaise, ketchup, barbecue sauce and honey. He could also get spices like Goya Sazón and Adobo, as well as garlic, onion and curry powders. Ramen seasoning packets were popular behind bars, he says, but because each packet contains about 1,000 mg of sodium, he stayed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prodigy credits the success of his prison recipes to an inmate from the Virgin Islands who had been a chef on the outside. Prodigy and others gave this inmate food to cook, and soon the chef started explaining how to do things like debone canned fish or create a sauce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was showing me different techniques and eventually I started making up my own recipes and cooking them,\" Prodigy writes. \"I found that preparation is everything when you cook.\" He says that even people on the outside heap on spices when food is done cooking rather than during the prep stages, when you can get the best flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the cooking tips, \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen \u003c/em>is as much about the politics of prison life as it is about making meals from almost nothing. Prodigy writes about difficult relationships between inmates and corrections officers, whom he alleges were running prostitution rings and asking for sexual favors in exchange for extra food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, these aren't recipes you're likely to try at home — though they might be just the thing when your refrigerator is bare. (Prodigy says they are marketing the book on college campuses, since dorm-room cooking implements aren't so different from what inmates are allowed.) Unlike most cookbooks, this food is not about beautiful recipes or seasonal ingredients. Prodigy writes that \"in a world where prisoners are treated like animals,\" preparing food made them feel human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And perhaps reading \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen\u003c/em> and other prison cookbooks can \"give people more of an understanding of the kind of people that are locked up in jail,\" Prodigy says. \"You have people there from all walks of life: people who made mistakes and have to deal with the consequences, mothers and fathers. You wouldn't expect them to be behind bars.\" But there they are, feeding themselves and just trying to get to know each other over a home-cooked meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Prodigy writes, \"This book won't make you a better cook, but it might make you a better person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Behind bars, it takes ingenuity, other prisoners and a little help from the commissary to approximate a proper diet. That's what rapper Prodigy of hip-hop's Mobb Deep learned after going to prison.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1475856642,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1192},"headData":{"title":"From Mobb Deep Rapper, A Cookbook For Healthy Eating — In Prison | KQED","description":"Behind bars, it takes ingenuity, other prisoners and a little help from the commissary to approximate a proper diet. That's what rapper Prodigy of hip-hop's Mobb Deep learned after going to prison.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"112562 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=112562","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/10/07/from-mobb-deep-rapper-a-cookbook-for-healthy-eating-in-prison/","disqusTitle":"From Mobb Deep Rapper, A Cookbook For Healthy Eating — In Prison","source":"Cookbooks","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/books-and-magazines/cookbooks/","nprImageCredit":"Teddy Wolff","nprByline":"Tove Danovich, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Infamous Books","nprStoryId":"496880317","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=496880317&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/10/07/496880317/from-mobb-deep-rapper-a-cookbook-for-healthy-eating-in-prison?ft=nprml&f=496880317","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 07 Oct 2016 10:40:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 07 Oct 2016 10:40:56 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 07 Oct 2016 10:40:56 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/112562/from-mobb-deep-rapper-a-cookbook-for-healthy-eating-in-prison","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's hard enough to eat healthy even when you have access to grocery stores, sharp knives and refrigerators. But for those in prison, it can be almost impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind bars, it often takes ingenuity, a hodgepodge of commissary items and food shipped from loved ones to even approximate a proper diet. This is what Albert \"Prodigy\" Johnson, of the influential hip-hop duo \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MobbDeepQB/\">Mobb Deep\u003c/a> — you might remember their '90s hit single \"Shook Ones, Part II\" — discovered after he was sentenced for illegally possessing a firearm in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing what to eat and how to make it is evidently such an important part of prison life that there's an entire cottage industry of cookbooks written on the subject. \u003ca href=\"https://www.prisonfellowship.org/documents/prisonfellowship/2012/prison_survival_guide.pdf\">Inmate survival guides\u003c/a> often have a section on food and how to use the commissary to augment prison diets. \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen: My Infamous Prison Cookbook,\u003c/em> which will be published this month, is written by Prodigy and journalist Kathy landoli (she prefers to lowercase her surname).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Prodigy describes how his lifelong battle with sickle cell made him hyper-conscious of what he ate while incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't afford to get sick in prison,\" he writes. \"My sickle cell is no joke, so I couldn't eat poorly or not exercise. And everything in jail is designed to do the exact opposite.\" This is just a hint of what sets \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen \u003c/em>apart from other books in the genre — it's about Prodigy's experience of prison as much, if not more than, about the food itself. Unlike most cookbooks, there will also be an audio version read by Prodigy — recipes included.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the prison menus did change, he writes that there was only one green vegetable that made it onto his cafeteria tray — green beans — and it was served only once a week. Even though he tried to eat healthy, readers of the book will notice the recipes are a far cry from anything Gwyneth Paltrow would whip up in her kitchen. \"It's not all healthy stuff,\" Prodigy told NPR in an interview. \"There's a lot of butter and seasonings — it's as healthy as I could get in the prison system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just because inmates have access to the prison cafeteria doesn't mean that they have enough to eat. Prison meals are often so cheap, meager and bad that they've incited riots, caused starving inmates to supplement their diets with \"toothpaste and toilet paper,\" and sparked investigations from human rights organizations, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/07/what-s-in-a-prison-meal#.bWj9dfxA4\">Marshall Project\u003c/a>, a criminal justice advocacy nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_112566\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/10/9780997146233_custom-9afaad62812a9282f853be7935ec2ebb5f772c1a-s700-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Commissary Kitchen My Infamous Prison Cookbook by Albert Johnson, Kathy Iandoli and Eddie Huang\" width=\"400\" height=\"492\" class=\"size-full wp-image-112566\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/496883049/commissary-kitchen-my-infamous-prison-cookbook\">Commissary Kitchen\u003c/a>\u003cbr>My Infamous Prison Cookbook\u003cbr>by Albert Johnson, Kathy Iandoli and Eddie Huang\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Access to food is such a part of prison life that inmates use \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/08/26/491236253/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice\">ramen\u003c/a> as currency to trade for gifts and services. As punishment, guards can restrict access to the commissary or dole out portions of the cardboard-flavored food brick known as Nutraloaf in lieu of regular meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prodigy says that the prison \"day room\" — a common area of sorts — was where inmates did all of their cooking. \"In the building I was in, there was about 30-40 inmates in that particular dorm, and we'd all have to share one microwave and one toaster oven and take turns cooking there,\" he says. Those who try to cook during allotted times to avoid prison fodder might have to use a knife so dull that \"it only works as a stirrer,\" Prodigy writes. Some inmates try to save can lids — \"the sharpest object you can get\" — because they can be held sideways to chop food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only correctional officers can access refrigerators. But despite this, Prodigy managed to make curry gravy, macaroni and tuna salads, baked seafood with vegetables and sweet potato pie – all recipes that are available in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to wanting to eat better food, there's another reason cooking is such a popular pastime in prison. \"It's just relaxing and you almost forget where you're at for an hour or two,\" Prodigy says. \"It helps people get along, too. Sometimes if you've got a group of people in there that are cool with each other, we'd order a chicken [from the commissary] together or make a dinner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The further you go into the book, the less healthy (and, in Prodigy's estimation, more disgusting) recipes become. Near the end, there are recipes like \"Prison Surprise:\" a mixture of ramen noodles, Doritos, Jack Mack (canned mackerel) and hot sauce. Prodigy ends his cooking instructions for these dishes with \"Good luck, yo.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important part of prison cooking, Prodigy writes, is the seasonings. Luckily, the commissary offered a lot of them: hot sauce, soy sauce, sugar, mayonnaise, ketchup, barbecue sauce and honey. He could also get spices like Goya Sazón and Adobo, as well as garlic, onion and curry powders. Ramen seasoning packets were popular behind bars, he says, but because each packet contains about 1,000 mg of sodium, he stayed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prodigy credits the success of his prison recipes to an inmate from the Virgin Islands who had been a chef on the outside. Prodigy and others gave this inmate food to cook, and soon the chef started explaining how to do things like debone canned fish or create a sauce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was showing me different techniques and eventually I started making up my own recipes and cooking them,\" Prodigy writes. \"I found that preparation is everything when you cook.\" He says that even people on the outside heap on spices when food is done cooking rather than during the prep stages, when you can get the best flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the cooking tips, \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen \u003c/em>is as much about the politics of prison life as it is about making meals from almost nothing. Prodigy writes about difficult relationships between inmates and corrections officers, whom he alleges were running prostitution rings and asking for sexual favors in exchange for extra food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, these aren't recipes you're likely to try at home — though they might be just the thing when your refrigerator is bare. (Prodigy says they are marketing the book on college campuses, since dorm-room cooking implements aren't so different from what inmates are allowed.) Unlike most cookbooks, this food is not about beautiful recipes or seasonal ingredients. Prodigy writes that \"in a world where prisoners are treated like animals,\" preparing food made them feel human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And perhaps reading \u003cem>Commissary Kitchen\u003c/em> and other prison cookbooks can \"give people more of an understanding of the kind of people that are locked up in jail,\" Prodigy says. \"You have people there from all walks of life: people who made mistakes and have to deal with the consequences, mothers and fathers. You wouldn't expect them to be behind bars.\" But there they are, feeding themselves and just trying to get to know each other over a home-cooked meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Prodigy writes, \"This book won't make you a better cook, but it might make you a better person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/112562/from-mobb-deep-rapper-a-cookbook-for-healthy-eating-in-prison","authors":["byline_bayareabites_112562"],"categories":["bayareabites_2254","bayareabites_588","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_2407","bayareabites_2090"],"tags":["bayareabites_15639","bayareabites_11989","bayareabites_15640"],"featImg":"bayareabites_112563","label":"source_bayareabites_112562"},"bayareabites_111706":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_111706","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"111706","score":null,"sort":[1472234970000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice","title":"Ramen Noodles Are Now The Prison Currency Of Choice","publishDate":1472234970,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Once upon a time, cigarettes were the currency of choice when those behind bars needed to barter. But these days, America's prisoners are trading with ramen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So says \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.arizona.edu/user/michael-gibson-light\">Michael Gibson-Light\u003c/a>, a doctoral candidate in the University of Arizona School of Sociology. He spent a year interviewing nearly 60 inmates and prison staffers at one men's state prison (which he kept anonymous to protect his sources) housing thousands of inmates. He presented the findings this week at the meeting of the American Sociological Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was an entire informal economy based on ramen (which the men often referred to as \"soups\"),\" Gibson-Light tells us via email. Prisoners use it hire other inmates for services, like cleaning out their bunk or doing their laundry, or purchase goods on the black market, like fresh fruits or vegetables (which aren't sold in the commissary but are sometimes smuggled from the kitchens, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As one inmate told me: 'You can tell how good a man's doing [financially] by how many soups he's got in his locker. '20 soups? Oh, that guy's doing good!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what's behind ramen's rise as a de facto prison currency? It's super cheap, super tasty, rich in calories and readily available in prison commissaries — at a time when cost-cutting at detention facilities has many inmates complaining they're not getting enough to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Inmates shared countless grievances about serving sizes as well as the quality, taste, or healthiness of the food,\" Gibson-Light says. \"It was common for some to compare their meals to those that they received during previous prison stays, sometimes years or decades prior, which they claimed contained more and better food. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson-Light's findings echo the experience of former inmate Gustavo \"Goose\" Alvarez. He spent more than a decade locked up on a weapons charge, among others, and co-authored a book published last year called \u003cem>Prison Ramen: Recipes And Stories From Behind Bars\u003c/em>. Gibson-Light says Alvarez's book helped inspire his research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramen is \"everybody's staple in prison: No matter who you are, you're cooking with ramen,\" Alvarez \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/11/04/454671629/behind-bars-cheap-ramen-is-as-good-as-gold\">told NPR\u003c/a> last year. \"You can use it to barter,\" he told us, adding, \"Some people don't like them, some people will never eat them, but they use them — that's their funny money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ramen is also the backbone of some creative prison cooking, from \"dirty ramen\" (made with Vienna sausages, green beans and carrots, among other things) to ramen pot roast. As Alvarez told us last year:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In most cases, if you're lucky enough to know somebody that works in the kitchen, they can bring you back some raw onions, maybe some chives, some jalapenos, fresh vegetables. And then there's times when you don't have much but tap water, a bag of Cheetos — Flamin' Hot Cheetos at that — and a couple of soups. And you know what? You make a little tamale.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jails and prisons in a number of U.S. states have been the target of accusations and lawsuits that they are underfeeding inmates, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/07/what-s-in-a-prison-meal#.YnsGJHEPl\">report last year\u003c/a> from The Marshall Project, a nonprofit journalism outlet focused on criminal justice. For instance, inmates at the Gordon County Jail in Georgia are fed twice daily. As The Marshall Project reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the jail maintains they are providing sufficient calories (the \u003ca href=\"http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/dietaryguidelines2010.pdf\">recommended daily\u003c/a> intake is 2,400-2,800 a day for men, and 1,800-2,000 for women), prisoners said they combated their hunger by licking syrup packets and drinking excessive amounts of water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson-Light says the state prison he studied had also cut its meal services — inmates used to get three hot meals a day but now only got two, with an additional cold lunch served during weekdays (but not weekends.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Says Gibson-Light: \"One inmate, who had worked in a prison kitchen, told me: 'There's so many people in prison now that [the prison] can't afford to feed all these people. They're following the [calorie] guidelines, but they're right on the line of that.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ramen will buy anything from smuggled fruit to laundry services from fellow inmates, a study at one prison finds. It's not just that ramen is tasty: Prisoners say they're not getting enough food.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1472234970,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":699},"headData":{"title":"Ramen Noodles Are Now The Prison Currency Of Choice | KQED","description":"Ramen will buy anything from smuggled fruit to laundry services from fellow inmates, a study at one prison finds. It's not just that ramen is tasty: Prisoners say they're not getting enough food.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"111706 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=111706","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/08/26/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice/","disqusTitle":"Ramen Noodles Are Now The Prison Currency Of Choice","nprImageCredit":"DigiPub","nprByline":"Maria Godoy, NPR Food","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"491236253","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=491236253&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/08/26/491236253/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice?ft=nprml&f=491236253","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 26 Aug 2016 12:47:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 26 Aug 2016 12:47:18 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 26 Aug 2016 12:47:18 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/111706/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Once upon a time, cigarettes were the currency of choice when those behind bars needed to barter. But these days, America's prisoners are trading with ramen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So says \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.arizona.edu/user/michael-gibson-light\">Michael Gibson-Light\u003c/a>, a doctoral candidate in the University of Arizona School of Sociology. He spent a year interviewing nearly 60 inmates and prison staffers at one men's state prison (which he kept anonymous to protect his sources) housing thousands of inmates. He presented the findings this week at the meeting of the American Sociological Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was an entire informal economy based on ramen (which the men often referred to as \"soups\"),\" Gibson-Light tells us via email. Prisoners use it hire other inmates for services, like cleaning out their bunk or doing their laundry, or purchase goods on the black market, like fresh fruits or vegetables (which aren't sold in the commissary but are sometimes smuggled from the kitchens, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As one inmate told me: 'You can tell how good a man's doing [financially] by how many soups he's got in his locker. '20 soups? Oh, that guy's doing good!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what's behind ramen's rise as a de facto prison currency? It's super cheap, super tasty, rich in calories and readily available in prison commissaries — at a time when cost-cutting at detention facilities has many inmates complaining they're not getting enough to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Inmates shared countless grievances about serving sizes as well as the quality, taste, or healthiness of the food,\" Gibson-Light says. \"It was common for some to compare their meals to those that they received during previous prison stays, sometimes years or decades prior, which they claimed contained more and better food. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson-Light's findings echo the experience of former inmate Gustavo \"Goose\" Alvarez. He spent more than a decade locked up on a weapons charge, among others, and co-authored a book published last year called \u003cem>Prison Ramen: Recipes And Stories From Behind Bars\u003c/em>. Gibson-Light says Alvarez's book helped inspire his research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramen is \"everybody's staple in prison: No matter who you are, you're cooking with ramen,\" Alvarez \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/11/04/454671629/behind-bars-cheap-ramen-is-as-good-as-gold\">told NPR\u003c/a> last year. \"You can use it to barter,\" he told us, adding, \"Some people don't like them, some people will never eat them, but they use them — that's their funny money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ramen is also the backbone of some creative prison cooking, from \"dirty ramen\" (made with Vienna sausages, green beans and carrots, among other things) to ramen pot roast. As Alvarez told us last year:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In most cases, if you're lucky enough to know somebody that works in the kitchen, they can bring you back some raw onions, maybe some chives, some jalapenos, fresh vegetables. And then there's times when you don't have much but tap water, a bag of Cheetos — Flamin' Hot Cheetos at that — and a couple of soups. And you know what? You make a little tamale.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jails and prisons in a number of U.S. states have been the target of accusations and lawsuits that they are underfeeding inmates, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/07/what-s-in-a-prison-meal#.YnsGJHEPl\">report last year\u003c/a> from The Marshall Project, a nonprofit journalism outlet focused on criminal justice. For instance, inmates at the Gordon County Jail in Georgia are fed twice daily. As The Marshall Project reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the jail maintains they are providing sufficient calories (the \u003ca href=\"http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/dietaryguidelines2010.pdf\">recommended daily\u003c/a> intake is 2,400-2,800 a day for men, and 1,800-2,000 for women), prisoners said they combated their hunger by licking syrup packets and drinking excessive amounts of water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson-Light says the state prison he studied had also cut its meal services — inmates used to get three hot meals a day but now only got two, with an additional cold lunch served during weekdays (but not weekends.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Says Gibson-Light: \"One inmate, who had worked in a prison kitchen, told me: 'There's so many people in prison now that [the prison] can't afford to feed all these people. They're following the [calorie] guidelines, but they're right on the line of that.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/111706/ramen-noodles-are-now-the-prison-currency-of-choice","authors":["byline_bayareabites_111706"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_11989","bayareabites_4042"],"featImg":"bayareabites_111707","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_76446":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_76446","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"76446","score":null,"sort":[1389716633000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills","title":"Prison Gardens Help Inmates Grow Their Own Food — And Skills","publishDate":1389716633,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prison-garden.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prison-garden.jpg\" alt=\"Prisoners build an organic vegetable garden in the prison yard of the medium security unit at San Quentin State Prison in December. Kirk Crippens/Insight Garden Program\" width=\"624\" height=\"350\" class=\"size-full wp-image-76455\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prisoners build an organic vegetable garden in the prison yard of the medium security unit at San Quentin State Prison in December. Kirk Crippens/\u003ca href=\"http://blog.plantingjustice.org/a-peoples-history-with-the-insight-garden-program-at-san-quentin-state-prison-by-haleh-zandi/\">Insight Garden Program\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/12/261397333/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/12/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/02/food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists/\">reported\u003c/a> on the correctional industry's enduring practice of punishing certain inmates with a bland, lumpish food known as \"the loaf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, there are also more encouraging stories to tell about prison food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out there's a pretty vibrant movement of prison vegetable gardens across the country that provide inmates with satisfying work, marketable skills and fresh food to eat. From Connecticut to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mprnews.org/story/2012/07/31/human-interest/red-wing-prison-garden\">Minnesota\u003c/a> to California, correctional authorities are finding all kinds of reasons to encourage inmates to produce their own food inside the walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, we got a rare glimpse behind those walls — of those gardens — at the San Quentin State Prison outside San Francisco, thanks to this video from \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/82868227\">Planting Justice\u003c/a>. The Bay Area group works with less-advantaged communities on food by building gardens and creating jobs in urban food production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/82868227?title=0&byline=0&portrait=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, filmed in December, we see inmates at San Quentin building five raised beds for vegetables in the prison yard of the medium security unit. The inmate Charles' excitement about the prospect of a homegrown tomato is pretty palpable. It's the first vegetable garden inside a California state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planting Justice helped oversee the garden project in partnership with \u003ca href=\"http://www.insightgardenprogram.org/faq.html\">Insight Garden Program\u003c/a>, which has been helping inmates at San Quentin rehabilitate and get training in flower gardening since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those gardening skills are being put to use once the men leave San Quentin as well. In the past three years, Planting Justice has hired 10 former inmates to work on landscaping jobs, according to the group's website. They get an entry-level wage of $17.50 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Pew Charitable Trusts, more than four in 10 offenders \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/research/reports/state-of-recidivism-85899377338\">return to prison\u003c/a> within three yeas. By contrast, Planting Justice says the recidivism rate for the men who go through the garden program is 10 percent. Programs in other states have had similar successes — apparently, gardening behind bars seems to help people steer clear of crime once they get out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, Nourishing the Planet, a blog of the Worldwatch Institute, put together \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.worldwatch.org/nourishingtheplanet/five-urban-garden-programs-that-are-reaching-inmates-and-at-risk-populations/\">this list\u003c/a> of five urban garden prison projects. It notes that not only do the garden programs help with rehabilitation, they also often save states and local government thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one prison garden in Missouri was \u003ca href=\"http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/local/missouri-prison-program-gave-tons-of-produce/article_da224904-6480-11e3-ad17-10604b9f6eda.html\">reportedly so bountiful\u003c/a>, it had extra produce — 163 tons' worth — to donate to food pantries, shelters, churches, nursing homes and schools in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"From Connecticut to Minnesota to California, correctional authorities are finding all kinds of reasons to produce food inside prison walls. A new video provides a glimpse of one of these projects, a vegetable garden inside San Quentin State prison outside of San Francisco.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1459562540,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://player.vimeo.com/video/82868227"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":456},"headData":{"title":"Prison Gardens Help Inmates Grow Their Own Food — And Skills | KQED","description":"From Connecticut to Minnesota to California, correctional authorities are finding all kinds of reasons to produce food inside prison walls. A new video provides a glimpse of one of these projects, a vegetable garden inside San Quentin State prison outside of San Francisco.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"76446 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=76446","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/14/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills/","disqusTitle":"Prison Gardens Help Inmates Grow Their Own Food — And Skills","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay","nprStoryId":"261397333","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=261397333&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/12/261397333/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills?ft=3&f=261397333","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sun, 12 Jan 2014 05:22:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Sun, 12 Jan 2014 05:22:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sun, 12 Jan 2014 05:22:28 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/76446/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prison-garden.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prison-garden.jpg\" alt=\"Prisoners build an organic vegetable garden in the prison yard of the medium security unit at San Quentin State Prison in December. Kirk Crippens/Insight Garden Program\" width=\"624\" height=\"350\" class=\"size-full wp-image-76455\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prisoners build an organic vegetable garden in the prison yard of the medium security unit at San Quentin State Prison in December. Kirk Crippens/\u003ca href=\"http://blog.plantingjustice.org/a-peoples-history-with-the-insight-garden-program-at-san-quentin-state-prison-by-haleh-zandi/\">Insight Garden Program\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/12/261397333/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/12/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/02/food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists/\">reported\u003c/a> on the correctional industry's enduring practice of punishing certain inmates with a bland, lumpish food known as \"the loaf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, there are also more encouraging stories to tell about prison food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out there's a pretty vibrant movement of prison vegetable gardens across the country that provide inmates with satisfying work, marketable skills and fresh food to eat. From Connecticut to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mprnews.org/story/2012/07/31/human-interest/red-wing-prison-garden\">Minnesota\u003c/a> to California, correctional authorities are finding all kinds of reasons to encourage inmates to produce their own food inside the walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, we got a rare glimpse behind those walls — of those gardens — at the San Quentin State Prison outside San Francisco, thanks to this video from \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/82868227\">Planting Justice\u003c/a>. The Bay Area group works with less-advantaged communities on food by building gardens and creating jobs in urban food production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/82868227?title=0&byline=0&portrait=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, filmed in December, we see inmates at San Quentin building five raised beds for vegetables in the prison yard of the medium security unit. The inmate Charles' excitement about the prospect of a homegrown tomato is pretty palpable. It's the first vegetable garden inside a California state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planting Justice helped oversee the garden project in partnership with \u003ca href=\"http://www.insightgardenprogram.org/faq.html\">Insight Garden Program\u003c/a>, which has been helping inmates at San Quentin rehabilitate and get training in flower gardening since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those gardening skills are being put to use once the men leave San Quentin as well. In the past three years, Planting Justice has hired 10 former inmates to work on landscaping jobs, according to the group's website. They get an entry-level wage of $17.50 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Pew Charitable Trusts, more than four in 10 offenders \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/research/reports/state-of-recidivism-85899377338\">return to prison\u003c/a> within three yeas. By contrast, Planting Justice says the recidivism rate for the men who go through the garden program is 10 percent. Programs in other states have had similar successes — apparently, gardening behind bars seems to help people steer clear of crime once they get out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, Nourishing the Planet, a blog of the Worldwatch Institute, put together \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.worldwatch.org/nourishingtheplanet/five-urban-garden-programs-that-are-reaching-inmates-and-at-risk-populations/\">this list\u003c/a> of five urban garden prison projects. It notes that not only do the garden programs help with rehabilitation, they also often save states and local government thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one prison garden in Missouri was \u003ca href=\"http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/local/missouri-prison-program-gave-tons-of-produce/article_da224904-6480-11e3-ad17-10604b9f6eda.html\">reportedly so bountiful\u003c/a>, it had extra produce — 163 tons' worth — to donate to food pantries, shelters, churches, nursing homes and schools in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/76446/prison-gardens-help-inmates-grow-their-own-food-and-skills","authors":["byline_bayareabites_76446"],"categories":["bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_10916"],"tags":["bayareabites_9667","bayareabites_12918","bayareabites_11989","bayareabites_12862","bayareabites_12919","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_76455","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_75901":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_75901","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"75901","score":null,"sort":[1388694346000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists","title":"Food As Punishment: Giving U.S. Inmates 'The Loaf' Persists","publishDate":1388694346,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75902\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prisonloaf_finalv2-299572ca0cc1049fb7391f1c88b9d879201c69d3.jpe\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prisonloaf_finalv2-299572ca0cc1049fb7391f1c88b9d879201c69d3-1024x768.jpe\" alt=\"Illustration of a prison loaf by Lisa Brown for NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-75902\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration of a prison loaf by Lisa Brown for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/02/256605441/punishing-inmates-with-the-loaf-persists-in-the-u-s\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/01/20140102_me_punishment_food.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/02/256605441/punishing-inmates-with-the-loaf-persists-in-the-u-s\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/2/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many prisons and jails across the U.S., punishment can come in the form of a bland, brownish lump. Known as nutraloaf, or simply \"the loaf,\" it's fed day after day to inmates who throw food or, in some cases, get violent. Even though it meets nutritional guidelines, civil rights activists urge against the use of the brick-shaped meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tasteless food as punishment is nothing new: Back in the 19th century, prisoners were given bread and water until they'd earned with good behavior the right to eat meat and cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the loaf is something above and beyond. Prisons and jails are allowed to come up with their own version, so some resort to grinding up leftovers into a dense mass that's reheated. Other institutions make loaves from scratch out of shredded and mashed vegetables, beans and starches. They're rendered even more unappetizing by being served in a small paper sack, with no seasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prisoners who've had the loaf hate it. Johnnie Walton had to eat it in the Tamms Supermax in Illinois. He describes it as \"bland, like cardboard.\" Aaron Fraser got the loaf while he was serving time from 2004 to 2007 in several different institutions for a counterfeit-check scheme. He loathed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They take a bunch of guck, like whatever they have available, and they put it in some machine,\" Fraser says. \"I would have to be on the point of dizziness when I know I have no choice [to eat it].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one knows exactly how many institutions use it, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.acfsa.org/board.php\">Benson Li\u003c/a>, the former president of the Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates, estimates that the number is over 100. At least 12 states — including California, Texas and New York — serve it in state-run institutions, as do dozens of municipal and county jails across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pennsylvania state prisons, \"food loaf\" is made with milk, rice, potatoes, carrots, cabbage, oatmeal, beans and margarine. The Clark County Jail in Washington state serves a version with most of those ingredients, plus ground beef or chicken, apples and tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement says the loaf isn't so bad. \"It's a food source; it contains all the vitamins and nutrients and minerals that a human being needs,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://county.milwaukee.gov/MeettheSheriff9152.htm\">Milwaukee County Sheriff David Clarke\u003c/a>, who has used the loaf in his jail for five years. \"It's been approved by the courts. I've had it myself — it's like eating meatloaf. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But prisoners who misbehave don't just get it once. They have to eat it at every meal, for days or weeks at a time. That's why it works as a deterrent, says Sheriff Clarke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're up on a first-degree murder charge, or some serious sexual assault of a child, you don't have much to lose in jail,\" says Clarke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But when we started to use this in the disciplinary pods, all of a sudden the incidence of fights, disorder, of attacks against our staff started to drop tremendously. The word got around — we knew it would. And we'll often hear from inmates, 'Please, please, I won't do that anymore. Don't put me in the disciplinary pod. I don't want to eat nutraloaf.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say it's the monotony of eating the loaf that's the real punishment. \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/faculty/people/pelchat\">Marcia Pelchat\u003c/a>, a physiological psychologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, says humans have evolved to crave a variety of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having to eat the loaf over and over again probably makes people miserable. They might be a little nauseated by it, they're craving other foods,\" says Pelchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it can sometimes stop prisoners from eating altogether. \"It's very difficult to consume enough calories to keep your weight up if you're on a boring diet,\" says Pelchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why human rights advocates say it's unethical to use food as punishment in this way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that food is clearly recognized as a basic human need to which prisoners are constitutionally entitled, restrictions on food, taking away food has always been sort of legally right on the line,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/author/david-fathi\">David Fathi\u003c/a>, director of the National Prison Project for the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no guidance from the government on using the loaf, but the American Correctional Association, which accredits prisons and sets best practices for the industry, discourages using food as a disciplinary measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Bureau of Prisons says it has never used the loaf in its facilities. Still, the loaf persists in other parts of the corrections system, and no agencies or organizations are keeping track of where and how often it's used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Benson Li, the former president of the Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates and the food service director at the Los Angeles County Jail, offered to help us find that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent meeting of the association, Li conducted an informal survey at the request of NPR. About 40 percent of the prisons and jails that responded said their use of the loaf is diminishing, 30 percent said they do not use nutraloaf, and about 20 percent said their use was about the same or slightly growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says that, overall, the results suggest that the loaf is gradually being phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Prisons and jails] are using less or some of them are using sparingly — maybe just two to three times in the last year,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says he thinks one of the reasons for this is that prisoners have been challenging the loaf in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have seen a lot of different inmate claims and lawsuits against the Eighth Amendment in different states,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the provisions of the Eighth Amendment is that \"cruel and unusual punishment\" not be inflicted on prisoners. So the prisoners who are filing these suits are hoping the courts will rule that chewing on loaf day after day is unconstitutional. And, believe it or not, there is precedent: In the 1970s, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/US/437/437.US.678.76-1660.html\">ruled\u003c/a> that a potato-y prison paste called grue should be outlawed under the Eighth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The loaf has held up better than grue. Of the 22 cases brought since the beginning of 2012 alone, none have succeeded. But Li's informal survey suggests that the court cases are making the corrections industry increasingly squeamish about serving it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Fathi of the ACLU says this is part of a bigger transformation happening in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fading of the use of nutraloaf is part of a larger long-term trend toward professionalization and, in most respects, more humane conditions of confinement,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In many prisons and jails across the U.S., a bland, brownish lump is served to inmates who misbehave. Law enforcement officials say it's not that bad, and it's a very effective deterrent. But the practice is starting to fade as more prisoners argue that the loaf is cruel and unusual punishment.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1388694346,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1168},"headData":{"title":"Food As Punishment: Giving U.S. Inmates 'The Loaf' Persists | KQED","description":"In many prisons and jails across the U.S., a bland, brownish lump is served to inmates who misbehave. Law enforcement officials say it's not that bad, and it's a very effective deterrent. But the practice is starting to fade as more prisoners argue that the loaf is cruel and unusual punishment.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"75901 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=75901","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/02/food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists/","disqusTitle":"Food As Punishment: Giving U.S. Inmates 'The Loaf' Persists","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay","nprStoryId":"256605441","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=256605441&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/02/256605441/punishing-inmates-with-the-loaf-persists-in-the-u-s?ft=3&f=256605441","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 02 Jan 2014 14:33:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 02 Jan 2014 00:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 02 Jan 2014 14:33:39 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/01/20140102_me_punishment_food.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=256605441","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1259088903-0b104b.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=256605441","path":"/bayareabites/75901/food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/01/20140102_me_punishment_food.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75902\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prisonloaf_finalv2-299572ca0cc1049fb7391f1c88b9d879201c69d3.jpe\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/prisonloaf_finalv2-299572ca0cc1049fb7391f1c88b9d879201c69d3-1024x768.jpe\" alt=\"Illustration of a prison loaf by Lisa Brown for NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-75902\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration of a prison loaf by Lisa Brown for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/02/256605441/punishing-inmates-with-the-loaf-persists-in-the-u-s\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/01/20140102_me_punishment_food.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/02/256605441/punishing-inmates-with-the-loaf-persists-in-the-u-s\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/2/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many prisons and jails across the U.S., punishment can come in the form of a bland, brownish lump. Known as nutraloaf, or simply \"the loaf,\" it's fed day after day to inmates who throw food or, in some cases, get violent. Even though it meets nutritional guidelines, civil rights activists urge against the use of the brick-shaped meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tasteless food as punishment is nothing new: Back in the 19th century, prisoners were given bread and water until they'd earned with good behavior the right to eat meat and cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the loaf is something above and beyond. Prisons and jails are allowed to come up with their own version, so some resort to grinding up leftovers into a dense mass that's reheated. Other institutions make loaves from scratch out of shredded and mashed vegetables, beans and starches. They're rendered even more unappetizing by being served in a small paper sack, with no seasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prisoners who've had the loaf hate it. Johnnie Walton had to eat it in the Tamms Supermax in Illinois. He describes it as \"bland, like cardboard.\" Aaron Fraser got the loaf while he was serving time from 2004 to 2007 in several different institutions for a counterfeit-check scheme. He loathed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They take a bunch of guck, like whatever they have available, and they put it in some machine,\" Fraser says. \"I would have to be on the point of dizziness when I know I have no choice [to eat it].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one knows exactly how many institutions use it, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.acfsa.org/board.php\">Benson Li\u003c/a>, the former president of the Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates, estimates that the number is over 100. At least 12 states — including California, Texas and New York — serve it in state-run institutions, as do dozens of municipal and county jails across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pennsylvania state prisons, \"food loaf\" is made with milk, rice, potatoes, carrots, cabbage, oatmeal, beans and margarine. The Clark County Jail in Washington state serves a version with most of those ingredients, plus ground beef or chicken, apples and tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement says the loaf isn't so bad. \"It's a food source; it contains all the vitamins and nutrients and minerals that a human being needs,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://county.milwaukee.gov/MeettheSheriff9152.htm\">Milwaukee County Sheriff David Clarke\u003c/a>, who has used the loaf in his jail for five years. \"It's been approved by the courts. I've had it myself — it's like eating meatloaf. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But prisoners who misbehave don't just get it once. They have to eat it at every meal, for days or weeks at a time. That's why it works as a deterrent, says Sheriff Clarke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're up on a first-degree murder charge, or some serious sexual assault of a child, you don't have much to lose in jail,\" says Clarke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But when we started to use this in the disciplinary pods, all of a sudden the incidence of fights, disorder, of attacks against our staff started to drop tremendously. The word got around — we knew it would. And we'll often hear from inmates, 'Please, please, I won't do that anymore. Don't put me in the disciplinary pod. I don't want to eat nutraloaf.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say it's the monotony of eating the loaf that's the real punishment. \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/faculty/people/pelchat\">Marcia Pelchat\u003c/a>, a physiological psychologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, says humans have evolved to crave a variety of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having to eat the loaf over and over again probably makes people miserable. They might be a little nauseated by it, they're craving other foods,\" says Pelchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it can sometimes stop prisoners from eating altogether. \"It's very difficult to consume enough calories to keep your weight up if you're on a boring diet,\" says Pelchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why human rights advocates say it's unethical to use food as punishment in this way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that food is clearly recognized as a basic human need to which prisoners are constitutionally entitled, restrictions on food, taking away food has always been sort of legally right on the line,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/author/david-fathi\">David Fathi\u003c/a>, director of the National Prison Project for the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no guidance from the government on using the loaf, but the American Correctional Association, which accredits prisons and sets best practices for the industry, discourages using food as a disciplinary measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Bureau of Prisons says it has never used the loaf in its facilities. Still, the loaf persists in other parts of the corrections system, and no agencies or organizations are keeping track of where and how often it's used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Benson Li, the former president of the Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates and the food service director at the Los Angeles County Jail, offered to help us find that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent meeting of the association, Li conducted an informal survey at the request of NPR. About 40 percent of the prisons and jails that responded said their use of the loaf is diminishing, 30 percent said they do not use nutraloaf, and about 20 percent said their use was about the same or slightly growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says that, overall, the results suggest that the loaf is gradually being phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Prisons and jails] are using less or some of them are using sparingly — maybe just two to three times in the last year,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Li says he thinks one of the reasons for this is that prisoners have been challenging the loaf in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have seen a lot of different inmate claims and lawsuits against the Eighth Amendment in different states,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the provisions of the Eighth Amendment is that \"cruel and unusual punishment\" not be inflicted on prisoners. So the prisoners who are filing these suits are hoping the courts will rule that chewing on loaf day after day is unconstitutional. And, believe it or not, there is precedent: In the 1970s, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/US/437/437.US.678.76-1660.html\">ruled\u003c/a> that a potato-y prison paste called grue should be outlawed under the Eighth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The loaf has held up better than grue. Of the 22 cases brought since the beginning of 2012 alone, none have succeeded. But Li's informal survey suggests that the court cases are making the corrections industry increasingly squeamish about serving it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Fathi of the ACLU says this is part of a bigger transformation happening in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fading of the use of nutraloaf is part of a larger long-term trend toward professionalization and, in most respects, more humane conditions of confinement,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/75901/food-as-punishment-giving-u-s-inmates-the-loaf-persists","authors":["byline_bayareabites_75901"],"categories":["bayareabites_2090","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_12863","bayareabites_12861","bayareabites_11989","bayareabites_12862","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_12860"],"featImg":"bayareabites_75909","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_65141":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_65141","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"65141","score":null,"sort":[1373579018000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers","title":"Why Doctors Oppose Force-Feeding Guantanamo Hunger Strikers","publishDate":1373579018,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65148\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/force-feed-yasiin-bey.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/force-feed-yasiin-bey.jpg\" alt=\"Yasiin Bey, the musician and actor formerly known as Mos Def, voluntarily underwent a procedural method of force-feeding similar to the kind administered to prisoners who refuse solid food in political protest while they are held in Guantanamo Bay. Photo: Reprieve/Asif Kapadia\" width=\"624\" height=\"349\" class=\"size-full wp-image-65148\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yasiin Bey, the musician and actor formerly known as Mos Def, voluntarily underwent a procedural method of force-feeding similar to the kind administered to prisoners who refuse solid food in political protest while they are held in Guantanamo Bay. Photo: Reprieve/Asif Kapadia\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay and Jessica Naudziunas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/07/10/200751527/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (7/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, the act of refusing food has turned human bodies into effective political bargaining chips. And so it's no surprise that the prisoners desperate to leave Guantanamo after, in some cases, nearly a dozen years there, have turned to hunger striking on and off since 2005 to try and win their release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the Pentagon officials who run the detention camp have responded by \u003ca href=\"http://www.miamiherald.com/static/media/projects/gitmo_chart/\">force-feeding\u003c/a> prisoners. Currently, some 45 of the 104 hunger-striking captives are receiving the procedure, as many people learned this week when a graphic video featuring Yasiin Bey, the rapper and actor formerly known as Mos Def, went viral. While Bey's performance may be part publicity stunt, doctors say it does help expose the unethical treatment and some of the pain of the Gitmo detainees subjected to force-feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/guantanamo-bay.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/guantanamo-bay-1024x663.jpg\" alt='This image reviewed by the U.S. military shows the front gate of \"Camp Six\" detention facility of the Joint Detention Group at the US Naval Station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Photo: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images' width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65149\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image reviewed by the U.S. military shows the front gate of \"Camp Six\" detention facility of the Joint Detention Group at the US Naval Station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Photo: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reprieve.org.uk/press/2013_07_08_guantanamo_force_feeding_yasiin_bey/\">video\u003c/a>, released by the British human rights organization Reprieve on the night before the start of Ramadan, Bey is strapped down while a feeding tube is shoved up his nose, down his esophagus and into his stomach. He resists, whimpers and writhes and eventually calls for it to stop, breaking down into tears. According to Reprieve, Bey's force-feeding followed the Pentagon's Standard Operating Procedure used on the actual detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube //www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hQ5xz_5to4]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pentagon calls force-feeding a \"medical response to [Guantanamo] detainees who hunger strike,\" according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.aljazeera.com/humanrights/2013/05/201358152317954140.html\">document\u003c/a> detailing the procedure obtained by Al Jazeera. And President Obama \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/05/02/180491232/hunger-striking-detainees-at-guantanamo-are-force-fed\">has said\u003c/a> he supports force-feeding, because he does not want to see anyone die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the practice is actually at odds with international medical policy on prisoners' right to refuse nourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006, the World Medical Association, an organization that represents physicians around the world and promotes the highest possible standards of medical ethics, issued the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/c18/\">Declaration of Tokyo\u003c/a>, which states:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Where a prisoner refuses nourishment and is considered by the physician as capable of forming an unimpaired and rational judgment concerning the consequences of such a voluntary refusal of nourishment, he or she shall not be fed artificially.\" The American Medical Association has also \u003ca href=\"http://media.miamiherald.com/smedia/2013/04/30/07/58/FRs25.So.56.pdf\">said\u003c/a> that the practice \"violates core ethical values of the medical profession.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://physiciansforhumanrights.org/about/people/staff/vincent-iacopino.html\">Dr. Vince Iacopino\u003c/a>, senior medical adviser for Physicians for Human Rights, tells The Salt that force-feeding the Guantanamo prisoners is particularly degrading and inhumane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These hunger strikes represent the protest of people indefinitely detained and not charged,\" says Iacopino, who has examined prisoners at Guantanamo. \"Many have been cleared for repatriation.\" More than half of the 166 prisoners at Guantanamo have been cleared for release, but for a variety of reasons, there's been no way to transfer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iacopino notes that in other medical contexts – where, for example, patients need feeding tubes because they can't swallow, and they also don't resist – it would not be a particularly awful or painful procedure. But many of the hunger-striking detainees, he says, \"have ongoing hopelessness over indefinite detention.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this context, he says, \"I think the pain of breaking their will with force-feeding would be extraordinary. It's outrageous that there hasn't been more response from the medical community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cori Crider, a civil rights lawyer for Reprieve, which represents 17 prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, says she sees force-feeding as a more general violation of their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the military force-feeds these people ... I see it as suppressing what these people have to say,\" she says, \"and withdrawing from them the kind of fundamental thing that makes them human, which is choice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the hunger strikers' lawyers, including those representing Jihad Dhiab, a Syrian who was cleared for release in 2009 but remains in captivity, have petitioned the court to stop the force-feeding, particularly during Ramadan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While U.S. District Judge Gladys Kessler said Monday in a \u003ca href=\"http://legaltimes.typepad.com/files/gitmo-order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">four-page opinion\u003c/a> that \"force-feedings are a painful, humiliating and degrading process,\" she dismissed Dihab's petition because she said her court \"lacks jurisdiction\" over Guantanamo \"and therefore does not have the authority to grant the relief.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003cem>Miami Herald\u003c/em>, the Pentagon \u003ca href=\"http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/02/3482179/guantanamo-prison-to-synchronize.html\">says\u003c/a> that during the month-long Ramadan fast, medical personnel will only feed hunger strikers after sunset and before dawn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Doctors say a viral video demonstrating force-feeding helps expose the unethical treatment and pain of Guantanamo detainees subjected to the procedure. Force-feeding is unethical, doctors say, because prisoners of sound mind have a right to refuse medical intervention, including nourishment.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1373579018,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":807},"headData":{"title":"Why Doctors Oppose Force-Feeding Guantanamo Hunger Strikers | KQED","description":"Doctors say a viral video demonstrating force-feeding helps expose the unethical treatment and pain of Guantanamo detainees subjected to the procedure. Force-feeding is unethical, doctors say, because prisoners of sound mind have a right to refuse medical intervention, including nourishment.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"65141 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=65141","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/07/11/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers/","disqusTitle":"Why Doctors Oppose Force-Feeding Guantanamo Hunger Strikers","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay and Jessica Naudziunas","nprStoryId":"200751527","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=200751527&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/07/10/200751527/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers?ft=3&f=200751527","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 11 Jul 2013 17:27:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 11 Jul 2013 17:27:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 11 Jul 2013 17:27:56 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/65141/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65148\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/force-feed-yasiin-bey.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/force-feed-yasiin-bey.jpg\" alt=\"Yasiin Bey, the musician and actor formerly known as Mos Def, voluntarily underwent a procedural method of force-feeding similar to the kind administered to prisoners who refuse solid food in political protest while they are held in Guantanamo Bay. Photo: Reprieve/Asif Kapadia\" width=\"624\" height=\"349\" class=\"size-full wp-image-65148\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yasiin Bey, the musician and actor formerly known as Mos Def, voluntarily underwent a procedural method of force-feeding similar to the kind administered to prisoners who refuse solid food in political protest while they are held in Guantanamo Bay. Photo: Reprieve/Asif Kapadia\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay and Jessica Naudziunas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/07/10/200751527/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (7/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, the act of refusing food has turned human bodies into effective political bargaining chips. And so it's no surprise that the prisoners desperate to leave Guantanamo after, in some cases, nearly a dozen years there, have turned to hunger striking on and off since 2005 to try and win their release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the Pentagon officials who run the detention camp have responded by \u003ca href=\"http://www.miamiherald.com/static/media/projects/gitmo_chart/\">force-feeding\u003c/a> prisoners. Currently, some 45 of the 104 hunger-striking captives are receiving the procedure, as many people learned this week when a graphic video featuring Yasiin Bey, the rapper and actor formerly known as Mos Def, went viral. While Bey's performance may be part publicity stunt, doctors say it does help expose the unethical treatment and some of the pain of the Gitmo detainees subjected to force-feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/guantanamo-bay.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/07/guantanamo-bay-1024x663.jpg\" alt='This image reviewed by the U.S. military shows the front gate of \"Camp Six\" detention facility of the Joint Detention Group at the US Naval Station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Photo: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images' width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65149\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image reviewed by the U.S. military shows the front gate of \"Camp Six\" detention facility of the Joint Detention Group at the US Naval Station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Photo: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reprieve.org.uk/press/2013_07_08_guantanamo_force_feeding_yasiin_bey/\">video\u003c/a>, released by the British human rights organization Reprieve on the night before the start of Ramadan, Bey is strapped down while a feeding tube is shoved up his nose, down his esophagus and into his stomach. He resists, whimpers and writhes and eventually calls for it to stop, breaking down into tears. According to Reprieve, Bey's force-feeding followed the Pentagon's Standard Operating Procedure used on the actual detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/4hQ5xz_5to4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/4hQ5xz_5to4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pentagon calls force-feeding a \"medical response to [Guantanamo] detainees who hunger strike,\" according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.aljazeera.com/humanrights/2013/05/201358152317954140.html\">document\u003c/a> detailing the procedure obtained by Al Jazeera. And President Obama \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/05/02/180491232/hunger-striking-detainees-at-guantanamo-are-force-fed\">has said\u003c/a> he supports force-feeding, because he does not want to see anyone die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the practice is actually at odds with international medical policy on prisoners' right to refuse nourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006, the World Medical Association, an organization that represents physicians around the world and promotes the highest possible standards of medical ethics, issued the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/c18/\">Declaration of Tokyo\u003c/a>, which states:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Where a prisoner refuses nourishment and is considered by the physician as capable of forming an unimpaired and rational judgment concerning the consequences of such a voluntary refusal of nourishment, he or she shall not be fed artificially.\" The American Medical Association has also \u003ca href=\"http://media.miamiherald.com/smedia/2013/04/30/07/58/FRs25.So.56.pdf\">said\u003c/a> that the practice \"violates core ethical values of the medical profession.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://physiciansforhumanrights.org/about/people/staff/vincent-iacopino.html\">Dr. Vince Iacopino\u003c/a>, senior medical adviser for Physicians for Human Rights, tells The Salt that force-feeding the Guantanamo prisoners is particularly degrading and inhumane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These hunger strikes represent the protest of people indefinitely detained and not charged,\" says Iacopino, who has examined prisoners at Guantanamo. \"Many have been cleared for repatriation.\" More than half of the 166 prisoners at Guantanamo have been cleared for release, but for a variety of reasons, there's been no way to transfer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iacopino notes that in other medical contexts – where, for example, patients need feeding tubes because they can't swallow, and they also don't resist – it would not be a particularly awful or painful procedure. But many of the hunger-striking detainees, he says, \"have ongoing hopelessness over indefinite detention.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this context, he says, \"I think the pain of breaking their will with force-feeding would be extraordinary. It's outrageous that there hasn't been more response from the medical community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cori Crider, a civil rights lawyer for Reprieve, which represents 17 prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, says she sees force-feeding as a more general violation of their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the military force-feeds these people ... I see it as suppressing what these people have to say,\" she says, \"and withdrawing from them the kind of fundamental thing that makes them human, which is choice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the hunger strikers' lawyers, including those representing Jihad Dhiab, a Syrian who was cleared for release in 2009 but remains in captivity, have petitioned the court to stop the force-feeding, particularly during Ramadan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While U.S. District Judge Gladys Kessler said Monday in a \u003ca href=\"http://legaltimes.typepad.com/files/gitmo-order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">four-page opinion\u003c/a> that \"force-feedings are a painful, humiliating and degrading process,\" she dismissed Dihab's petition because she said her court \"lacks jurisdiction\" over Guantanamo \"and therefore does not have the authority to grant the relief.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003cem>Miami Herald\u003c/em>, the Pentagon \u003ca href=\"http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/02/3482179/guantanamo-prison-to-synchronize.html\">says\u003c/a> that during the month-long Ramadan fast, medical personnel will only feed hunger strikers after sunset and before dawn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/65141/why-doctors-oppose-force-feeding-guantanamo-hunger-strikers","authors":["byline_bayareabites_65141"],"categories":["bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_11990","bayareabites_11988","bayareabites_11986","bayareabites_11987","bayareabites_11989","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_11991"],"featImg":"bayareabites_65148","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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