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re","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-400x300.jpg","width":400,"height":300,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-800x600.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-768x576.jpg","width":768,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-320x240.jpg","width":320,"height":240,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-1000x576.jpg","width":1000,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"cat_post_thumb_sizecategory-posts-2":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg","width":1000,"height":750}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_bayareabites_125782":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_125782","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_125782","name":"\u003ca 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His culinary education brought him to Spain, France, England, India and New York, where he has worked and trained at top Michelin starred restaurants including The Fat Duck (Heston Blumenthal), St. John (Fergus Henderson), Mugaritz (Andoni Luis Aduriz), Bouchon (Thomas Keller), Applewood (David Shea) and Craft (Tom Collichio). After graduating from NYU, Daniel also pursued a career in film. He has directed, filmed, edited and produced projects on various issues including the development industry in Africa ( “What are we doing here?”) and oil politics. Daniel is a 2013 James Beard Award winner and the founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.theperennialplate.com/\">The Perennial Plate\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d6384e3e44d3dcfd3ba4c7a4319b6f7b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Daniel Klein | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d6384e3e44d3dcfd3ba4c7a4319b6f7b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d6384e3e44d3dcfd3ba4c7a4319b6f7b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/danielklein"},"civileat":{"type":"authors","id":"5583","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"5583","found":true},"name":"Civil Eats","firstName":"Civil","lastName":"Eats","slug":"civileat","email":"twilight@civileats.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a> is a daily news source for critical thought about the American food system. We publish stories that shift the conversation around sustainable agriculture in an effort to build economically and socially just communities. Follow Civil Eats on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CivilEats\">@civileats\u003c/a> and on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Civil-Eats/56766540637\">Facebook\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"CivilEats","facebook":"/pages/Civil-Eats/56766540637?ref=hl","instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Civil Eats | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/civileat"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"arts","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"bayareabites_125782":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_125782","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"125782","score":null,"sort":[1521160727000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy","title":"How an Iowa Law Requiring Grocers to Sell Conventional Eggs is Stirring Controversy","publishDate":1521160727,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Supporters of a new bill say its purpose is for more equity for low-income consumers, but advocates claim it’s propping up industrial agriculture.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite igniting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/mar/07/iowa-stores-may-be-forced-to-sell-eggs-from-battery-hens\">national controversy\u003c/a>, Iowa lawmakers are quickly moving forward with a law that would require grocery stores to sell conventional eggs from hens raised in battery cages if they also sell “specialty” eggs with labels like cage-free and free-range. The House passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=87&ba=HF2408\">House File 2408\u003c/a> at the end of February, and it then passed the Senate earlier this week. The bill has now been sent to Governor Kim Reynolds to be signed into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Animal rights and food safety groups like \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercyforanimals.org/\">Mercy for Animals\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/?credit=web_id93480558\">Humane Society of the United States (HSUS)\u003c/a> are fighting against its passage, urging governor Reynolds to veto the law. The stated intent of the law is to guarantee access to eggs for low-income recipients of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children ( WIC) benefits, who are not allowed to buy cage-free eggs. (More on that below.) However, advocates say it’s a blatant attempt to prop up the caged-egg industry at a time when American consumers are demanding more humane conditions for farm animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each hen caged by the egg industry has less space than the dimensions of an iPad,” said Chris Holbein, public policy director of farm animal protection for HSUS. “Not only is this extremely cruel, but it \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/confinement_farm/facts/salmonella.html\">increases food safety risks\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iowa is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowaegg.org/iowa-egg-farmers/\">leading producer\u003c/a> of eggs in the country, and its caged egg industry purchases massive amounts of the state’s commodity corn and soy for feed. Representative Jarad Klein, who introduced the bill in the House, has received considerable \u003ca href=\"https://www.followthemoney.org/entity-details?eid=12999607\">campaign contributions\u003c/a> in the past from agribusiness companies and groups with a major stake in those industries, such as Monsanto and the Iowa Corn Growers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a proud Iowa egg producer and small sustainable and traditional family farmer, I know firsthand just how harmful industrial animal agriculture has been to the Iowa way of life,” farmer Becky Higgins wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/columnists/iowa-view/2018/02/20/iowa-legislature-tell-grocers-what-kind-eggs-they-can-sell/355510002/\">in recent an op-ed\u003c/a> in the \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em>. “The government has no place mandating that grocers must sell a product that family farmers, businesses, and consumers reject.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the law also say it is anti-free market. “During this whole movement of going from caged to cage-free, the big argument that was given by the same agribusiness groups, was that we should let the market make these decisions,” said Matt O’Hayer, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://vitalfarms.com/\">Vital Farms\u003c/a>, the country’s largest producer of pasture-raised eggs. “All of a sudden, now that the market has made a decision, they’ve come back and said, instead, that they want to use legislation to force grocery stores to sell these [conventional eggs].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s ultimately enacted or not, the law points to a larger battle that will continue to play out as conventional egg producers look for ways to hang onto as much of the market as possible as more retailers and consumers choose alternatives like cage-free, pasture-raised, and organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Details and Implications of the Law\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Despite receiving national attention, the immediate implication of the bill is that it could slow the tidal shift toward cage-free eggs, at least in Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation applies only to grocers that accept benefits through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) WIC program, a supplemental nutrition program for low-income mothers and their children. It also only applies to grocers that sold conventional eggs before January 1, 2018. That means stores that already only sell cage-free eggs would not be affected, and new grocers that make that choice would also be exempt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The retailers most likely to be affected are grocers that have made commitments to switch to entirely cage-free within the next few years. Walmart, for example, has close to \u003ca href=\"https://idph.iowa.gov/Portals/1/userfiles/184/WIC%20Approved%20Vendors_2.pdf\">60 stores\u003c/a> that accept WIC benefits in Iowa and has \u003ca href=\"https://news.walmart.com/news-archive/2016/04/05/walmart-us-announces-transition-to-cage-free-egg-supply-chain-by-2025\">pledged\u003c/a> to transition to a completely cage-free supply chain by 2025. Under this law, its Iowa stores would have to reverse course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why can’t WIC recipients buy cage-free eggs? While the USDA does not mandate the exact \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/wic-food-packages-regulatory-requirements-wic-eligible-foods#EGGS\">type of eggs\u003c/a> WIC recipients can buy, some states do, in order to keep purchasing within budget constraints. In Iowa and many other states, that means WIC recipients are not allowed to buy eggs that make “any special health claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states it’s even more specific. New York, for example, specifically omits from WIC eggs labeled cage-free, free-range, or organic. In other words, if all grocery stores in New York started only selling cage-free eggs tomorrow, recipients of WIC wouldn’t be able to buy eggs with their benefits at all. Since nearly all of the country’s national grocery chains have committed to switching to cage-free, those WIC requirements may have to be reconsidered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Iowa, critics say the state lawmakers are using the government assistance program as a ploy, since some of the biggest grocery chains, like \u003ca href=\"https://hy-vee-company.azurewebsites.net/corporate/news-events/news-press-releases/hy-vees-statement-on-cage-free-eggs/\">Hy-Vee,\u003c/a> have publicly said they would not make the switch. Advocates say that shows that the bill’s real objective is to prop up agribusiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tactic draws attention to what could be a real issue as consumer demand shifts toward eggs from chickens raised in more humane environments generally. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/about-ams/programs-offices/livestock-poultry-seed-program\">the UDSA Livestock, Poultry, and Seed Program\u003c/a>, the percentage of egg-laying hens being raised cage-free compared to all egg-laying hens in the U.S. rose from just over 3 percent in 2007 to over 16 percent in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More than 200 of the world’s leading companies, including Walmart, Costco, Dollar Tree, and McDonalds are switching exclusively to cage-free eggs because doing so is better for their customers and for animals,” said HSUS’s Holbein. And while Iowa egg producers may think this law will help them in the short term, he says, it goes against their long-term interests, because they “will inevitably have to meet the growing demand for cage-free conversions by consumers and retailers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states, momentum to pass cage-free laws have moved in in the opposite direction. California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_2,_Standards_for_Confining_Farm_Animals_(2008)\">Proposition 2\u003c/a> was the first state law to ban the confinement of chickens in battery cages. In Massachusetts in 2016, 77 percent of voters approved a \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2015/09/08/the-cage-free-egg-battle-goes-to-massachusetts/\">measure\u003c/a> that would only allow cage-free eggs to be sold in the state after 2022. In both states, however, those laws are being challenged in lawsuits brought by other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even with the passage of those laws, there remains plenty of uncertainty about truth-in-labeling on “free-range” eggs. Earlier this year, Walmart was \u003ca href=\"https://newfoodeconomy.org/walmart-organic-egg-outdoor-access-fraud-lawsuit/\">hit with a class-action lawsuit\u003c/a> alleging the retailer and Cal-Maine Foods misled shoppers by describing eggs from hens raised in eight windowless structures in Kansas as coming from birds “free to roam, nest and perch in a protected barn with outdoor access.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle, then, will continue—in Iowa and across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2018/03/09/how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy/\">\u003cem>Civil Eats\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Supporters of a new bill say its purpose is for more equity for low-income consumers, but advocates claim it’s propping up industrial agriculture.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1521216733,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1268},"headData":{"title":"How an Iowa Law Requiring Grocers to Sell Conventional Eggs is Stirring Controversy | KQED","description":"Supporters of a new bill say its purpose is for more equity for low-income consumers, but advocates claim it’s propping up industrial agriculture.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How an Iowa Law Requiring Grocers to Sell Conventional Eggs is Stirring Controversy","datePublished":"2018-03-16T00:38:47.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-16T16:12:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"125782 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=125782","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/03/15/how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy/","disqusTitle":"How an Iowa Law Requiring Grocers to Sell Conventional Eggs is Stirring Controversy","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/author/lheld/\">Lisa Held,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>","path":"/bayareabites/125782/how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Supporters of a new bill say its purpose is for more equity for low-income consumers, but advocates claim it’s propping up industrial agriculture.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite igniting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/mar/07/iowa-stores-may-be-forced-to-sell-eggs-from-battery-hens\">national controversy\u003c/a>, Iowa lawmakers are quickly moving forward with a law that would require grocery stores to sell conventional eggs from hens raised in battery cages if they also sell “specialty” eggs with labels like cage-free and free-range. The House passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=87&ba=HF2408\">House File 2408\u003c/a> at the end of February, and it then passed the Senate earlier this week. The bill has now been sent to Governor Kim Reynolds to be signed into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Animal rights and food safety groups like \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercyforanimals.org/\">Mercy for Animals\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/?credit=web_id93480558\">Humane Society of the United States (HSUS)\u003c/a> are fighting against its passage, urging governor Reynolds to veto the law. The stated intent of the law is to guarantee access to eggs for low-income recipients of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children ( WIC) benefits, who are not allowed to buy cage-free eggs. (More on that below.) However, advocates say it’s a blatant attempt to prop up the caged-egg industry at a time when American consumers are demanding more humane conditions for farm animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each hen caged by the egg industry has less space than the dimensions of an iPad,” said Chris Holbein, public policy director of farm animal protection for HSUS. “Not only is this extremely cruel, but it \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/confinement_farm/facts/salmonella.html\">increases food safety risks\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iowa is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowaegg.org/iowa-egg-farmers/\">leading producer\u003c/a> of eggs in the country, and its caged egg industry purchases massive amounts of the state’s commodity corn and soy for feed. Representative Jarad Klein, who introduced the bill in the House, has received considerable \u003ca href=\"https://www.followthemoney.org/entity-details?eid=12999607\">campaign contributions\u003c/a> in the past from agribusiness companies and groups with a major stake in those industries, such as Monsanto and the Iowa Corn Growers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a proud Iowa egg producer and small sustainable and traditional family farmer, I know firsthand just how harmful industrial animal agriculture has been to the Iowa way of life,” farmer Becky Higgins wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/columnists/iowa-view/2018/02/20/iowa-legislature-tell-grocers-what-kind-eggs-they-can-sell/355510002/\">in recent an op-ed\u003c/a> in the \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em>. “The government has no place mandating that grocers must sell a product that family farmers, businesses, and consumers reject.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the law also say it is anti-free market. “During this whole movement of going from caged to cage-free, the big argument that was given by the same agribusiness groups, was that we should let the market make these decisions,” said Matt O’Hayer, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://vitalfarms.com/\">Vital Farms\u003c/a>, the country’s largest producer of pasture-raised eggs. “All of a sudden, now that the market has made a decision, they’ve come back and said, instead, that they want to use legislation to force grocery stores to sell these [conventional eggs].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s ultimately enacted or not, the law points to a larger battle that will continue to play out as conventional egg producers look for ways to hang onto as much of the market as possible as more retailers and consumers choose alternatives like cage-free, pasture-raised, and organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Details and Implications of the Law\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Despite receiving national attention, the immediate implication of the bill is that it could slow the tidal shift toward cage-free eggs, at least in Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation applies only to grocers that accept benefits through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) WIC program, a supplemental nutrition program for low-income mothers and their children. It also only applies to grocers that sold conventional eggs before January 1, 2018. That means stores that already only sell cage-free eggs would not be affected, and new grocers that make that choice would also be exempt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The retailers most likely to be affected are grocers that have made commitments to switch to entirely cage-free within the next few years. Walmart, for example, has close to \u003ca href=\"https://idph.iowa.gov/Portals/1/userfiles/184/WIC%20Approved%20Vendors_2.pdf\">60 stores\u003c/a> that accept WIC benefits in Iowa and has \u003ca href=\"https://news.walmart.com/news-archive/2016/04/05/walmart-us-announces-transition-to-cage-free-egg-supply-chain-by-2025\">pledged\u003c/a> to transition to a completely cage-free supply chain by 2025. Under this law, its Iowa stores would have to reverse course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why can’t WIC recipients buy cage-free eggs? While the USDA does not mandate the exact \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/wic-food-packages-regulatory-requirements-wic-eligible-foods#EGGS\">type of eggs\u003c/a> WIC recipients can buy, some states do, in order to keep purchasing within budget constraints. In Iowa and many other states, that means WIC recipients are not allowed to buy eggs that make “any special health claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states it’s even more specific. New York, for example, specifically omits from WIC eggs labeled cage-free, free-range, or organic. In other words, if all grocery stores in New York started only selling cage-free eggs tomorrow, recipients of WIC wouldn’t be able to buy eggs with their benefits at all. Since nearly all of the country’s national grocery chains have committed to switching to cage-free, those WIC requirements may have to be reconsidered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Iowa, critics say the state lawmakers are using the government assistance program as a ploy, since some of the biggest grocery chains, like \u003ca href=\"https://hy-vee-company.azurewebsites.net/corporate/news-events/news-press-releases/hy-vees-statement-on-cage-free-eggs/\">Hy-Vee,\u003c/a> have publicly said they would not make the switch. Advocates say that shows that the bill’s real objective is to prop up agribusiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tactic draws attention to what could be a real issue as consumer demand shifts toward eggs from chickens raised in more humane environments generally. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/about-ams/programs-offices/livestock-poultry-seed-program\">the UDSA Livestock, Poultry, and Seed Program\u003c/a>, the percentage of egg-laying hens being raised cage-free compared to all egg-laying hens in the U.S. rose from just over 3 percent in 2007 to over 16 percent in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More than 200 of the world’s leading companies, including Walmart, Costco, Dollar Tree, and McDonalds are switching exclusively to cage-free eggs because doing so is better for their customers and for animals,” said HSUS’s Holbein. And while Iowa egg producers may think this law will help them in the short term, he says, it goes against their long-term interests, because they “will inevitably have to meet the growing demand for cage-free conversions by consumers and retailers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states, momentum to pass cage-free laws have moved in in the opposite direction. California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_2,_Standards_for_Confining_Farm_Animals_(2008)\">Proposition 2\u003c/a> was the first state law to ban the confinement of chickens in battery cages. In Massachusetts in 2016, 77 percent of voters approved a \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2015/09/08/the-cage-free-egg-battle-goes-to-massachusetts/\">measure\u003c/a> that would only allow cage-free eggs to be sold in the state after 2022. In both states, however, those laws are being challenged in lawsuits brought by other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even with the passage of those laws, there remains plenty of uncertainty about truth-in-labeling on “free-range” eggs. Earlier this year, Walmart was \u003ca href=\"https://newfoodeconomy.org/walmart-organic-egg-outdoor-access-fraud-lawsuit/\">hit with a class-action lawsuit\u003c/a> alleging the retailer and Cal-Maine Foods misled shoppers by describing eggs from hens raised in eight windowless structures in Kansas as coming from birds “free to roam, nest and perch in a protected barn with outdoor access.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle, then, will continue—in Iowa and across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2018/03/09/how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy/\">\u003cem>Civil Eats\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/125782/how-an-iowa-law-requiring-grocers-to-sell-conventional-eggs-is-stirring-controversy","authors":["byline_bayareabites_125782"],"categories":["bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_8249","bayareabites_33"],"featImg":"bayareabites_125783","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_121688":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_121688","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"121688","score":null,"sort":[1508541558000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"do-you-care-if-your-fish-dinner-was-raised-humanely-animal-advocates-say-you-should","title":"Do You Care If Your Fish Dinner Was Raised Humanely? Animal Advocates Say You Should","publishDate":1508541558,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>At some point or another, we've all cringed at the videos: lame cows struggling to stand; egg-laying hens squeezed into small, stacked cages; hogs confined to gestation crates, unable to walk or turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, animal advocates have made great strides informing us of some of the problems with how many of our favorite proteins are raised. They've also made progress bringing change to the industry by pressuring large-scale retailers — from Target to McDonald's — to commit to sourcing livestock raised with higher welfare standards. But one important protein source has been missing almost entirely from the conversation: seafood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercyforanimals.org/\">Mercy for Animals\u003c/a>, a U.S.-based animal welfare group, says that's about to change. The group says it is beginning to lay the groundwork for a campaign that will target the aquaculture industry and shine a light on the conditions in which finfish like salmon, tilapia, catfish, trout, pangasius and other species are raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More and more fish are being farmed in intense factory farms,\" says Nick Cooney, executive vice president at Mercy for Animals. \"At the same time, there's an increasing amount of research discovering just how intelligent and social fish are as individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do consumers care? Mercy for Animals' own \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercyforanimals.org/research\">in-house studies\u003c/a> suggest yes — and offer a roadmap of the objections the group is likely to raise with the aquaculture industry. Concerns like too many fish routinely crammed into pens and tanks, fish being raised in dirty water, high disease and mortality rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, a vegan organization, also cites slaughter methods it finds most inhumane — like letting fish suffocate in open air, chilling them while still alive, or cutting their gills without stunning. And then there's the parasites known as sea lice, which feed on farmed salmon, costing the industry nearly $1 billion a year in losses. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For individual consumers, our goal is simply to educate them on the way these animals are being treated,\" says Cooney. \"Our research studies have found that when people learn about these things — that half the fish being used in the food industry are coming from factory farms, or are confined in tanks with dirty water; that sea lice eats away the flesh and faces of fish — that educating them leads to more compassionate choices. And for large companies, our hope in the coming years is that if we show them their customers care, they'll eliminate the worst practices in their supply chains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercy for Animals may have one important thing going for it — timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humane treatment of fish is a topic that's starting to bubble up elsewhere. Seafood industry gatherings like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodsummit.org/session/a-discussion-on-fish-health-welfare-and-our-moral-obligations/\">Seafood Summit\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://afs.confex.com/afs/2017/meetingapp.cgi/Session/5471\">American Fisheries Society\u003c/a> meetings are now including sessions focused on welfare issues for farm-raised fish. Supermarkets like Whole Foods are addressing the issue by including language in their \u003ca href=\"http://assets.wholefoodsmarket.com/www/missions-values/seafood-sustainability/WholeFoodsMarketQS_Farmed-finfish-shrimp_Jan1-2014.pdf\">seafood standards\u003c/a> requiring producers to minimize stress, and have gone so far as to stop carrying live lobster in their stores. And in Seattle, a pair of commercial fishermen recently launched a new fishing vessel that they claim is designed to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/06/14/532845573/will-fish-get-a-humanely-harvested-label-these-brothers-bet-40-million-on-it\">humanely harvest\u003c/a> the wild Pacific cod they catch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But will eaters care what fish feel?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry representatives say they paid close attention when animal advocacy groups went after the egg-laying hen and hog industries, but say they aren't convinced eaters will prioritize humane treatment for fish in the same way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure fish will capture the conscience of the public in the same way warm-blooded, furry animals have. People in this country don't see fish as sentient animals, with a conscience requiring the same welfare standards they'd give to a brown-eyed calf,\" says Craig Watson, who chairs the aquatic animal welfare committee for the National Aquaculture Association (NAA), a U.S.-based group of seafood growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's a topic many in aquaculture are thinking more about, including veterinarian Stephen Frattini, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://cfaarm.org/home.html\">Center for Aquatic Animal Research and Management\u003c/a>, who has spoken about fish welfare at industry conferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As humans, we've utilized terrestrial animals as food, but also to pull carts and plow fields. And along the way, a moral contract evolved that acknowledged we should provide for them in a way beyond not being cruel to them,\" Frattini says. \"But with fish, we're not there yet. We [as eaters] have yet to really struggle with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, defining what constitutes humane treatment of fish may be a tricky proposition of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, the debate over whether fish are \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/06/20/482468094/fish-have-feelings-too-the-inner-lives-of-our-underwater-cousins\">sentient and feel pain\u003c/a> is far from settled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It depends on who you talk to,\" says Watson, who also runs the Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory at the University of Florida. He says he and many others think \"the science is clear that fish lack the neurophysiology to feel pain. They don't have the brain structure — a developed neocortex where pain occurs in higher vertebrates.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watson notes the growing body of literature suggesting that there's a part of a fish's brain that can feel pain or emotion. But he says the science is still pretty clear. \"Fish don't have the equipment for higher processes similar to ours.\" But in a way, he says, the answer almost doesn't matter. \"To me, it's not an argument of whether fish are emotional and conscious, that's a personal belief in many ways. What's important is the welfare of the animal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What constitutes humane treatment for fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what's deemed humane for one species of fish may be detrimental to another. For example, imposing an across-the-board, low-density requirement might actually create a stressful environment for certain species. Tilapia or arctic char can become aggressive with each other when there are fewer fish in the pen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there are fuzzier welfare issues. Are breeding techniques that sometimes result in \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheriessciences.com/fisheries-aqua/skeletal-deformities-in-seabreams-understanding-the-genetic-origin-can-improve-production.pdf\">skeletal deformities\u003c/a> a humane issue? What about emerging evidence that accelerated growth rates of some farmed fish have resulted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/world-on-a-plate/2017/aug/29/is-hearing-loss-in-farmed-fish-a-price-worth-paying-for-aquacultures-meteoric-rise\">hearing loss\u003c/a>? For some farmed salmon, sea lice are more than just uncomfortable parasites that attach to fish and feed on them—\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/sea-lice-outbreak-fundy-1.4030118\">unchecked, they can be deadly\u003c/a> and can also infect wild salmon swimming nearby. Last year in Scotland alone, \u003ca href=\"http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15583156.A_disgrace__ten_million_salmon_thrown_away_by_fish_farm_industry_in_last_year_alone/?ref=mr&lp=8\">10 million salmon\u003c/a> were destroyed because of parasites, diseases and other problems. Should high mortality rates like that be viewed through a humane lens?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not how many fish you put in the pen, it's how many you harvest. There are a lot of farmed fish that never make it to the plate because of mishaps during the farming process,\" says George Leonard, chief scientist at Ocean Conservancy. \"Should we as a society care about the suffering of those fish that never make it to the plate? That isn't a science question. That is a moral question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is on the radar of industry certification groups like Best Aquaculture Practices, which includes an entire section on animal health and welfare in its standards. The Aquaculture Stewardship Council says welfare provisions are included in its current standards to address issues like stocking densities and veterinary care, but it does not have a separate standard for the 12 species it currently certifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Aquaculture Association's official policy on animal welfare also encourages humane practices including quick slaughter, though it specifically warns against anthropomorphizing standards around pain or intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What concerns people like me is the Mercy for Animal groups don't understand the fundamental biology of these animals, yet they want to dictate to us how to best grow the fish,\" says Randy MacMillian, an NAA board member and vice president of Clear Springs Foods, an Idaho-based trout farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As fish farmers, our mission is to provide U.S. consumers with environmentally sustainable, wholesome, high-quality seafood at affordable prices. We have to look at husbandry conditions. We're looking at feed conversion [the amount of feed it takes to grow one pound of fish], mortality, morbidity — and we use those metrics to inform us if we're doing a good job,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercy for Animals will have some daunting hurdles in its path as it tries to shift the aquaculture industry: The vast majority of the farmed fish Americans eat comes from countries like China, Indonesia, Canada, Norway, Chile and Ecuador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Welfare rights are primarily a Western phenomenon,\" says Fred Conte, an extension aquaculture specialist with the University of California, Davis. \"You go to Central America or China and you're not going to find welfare standards.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many consumers already feel overwhelmed and confused with the complex decisions they face at the seafood counter: Is the fish farmed or wild? Is it from a sustainable source? Does it contain mercury or other contaminants? Was slave labor used in its production? Is the label accurate — or has that snapper been swapped for something else along the way? Adding the question, \"Was this fish farmed humanely?\" might be a tough sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conte says ultimately, society will decide whether to take up the humane treatment of fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, no one can make the definitive statement: Fish feel pain like humans feel pain. It's an open debate,\" says Conte. \"Before science comes up with that evidence, society is going to move in a direction. Industry will respond to market pressures. If society chooses not to believe a fish feels pain, there will not be much pressure on the industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leschin-hoar.com/\">\u003cem>Clare Leschin-Hoar\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in San Diego who covers food policy and sustainability issues. This story was produced in collaboration with the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thefern.org\">\u003cem>Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a non-profit, investigative news organization. \u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Concerns over animal welfare have led to changes in recent years in how livestock are raised. But seafood has been missing from the conversation. One group aims to change that.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1508541558,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1636},"headData":{"title":"Do You Care If Your Fish Dinner Was Raised Humanely? Animal Advocates Say You Should | KQED","description":"Concerns over animal welfare have led to changes in recent years in how livestock are raised. But seafood has been missing from the conversation. One group aims to change that.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Do You Care If Your Fish Dinner Was Raised Humanely? Animal Advocates Say You Should","datePublished":"2017-10-20T23:19:18.000Z","dateModified":"2017-10-20T23:19:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"121688 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=121688","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/10/20/do-you-care-if-your-fish-dinner-was-raised-humanely-animal-advocates-say-you-should/","disqusTitle":"Do You Care If Your Fish Dinner Was Raised Humanely? Animal Advocates Say You Should","source":"Politics, Activism, Food Safety","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/politics-activism-food-safety/","nprImageCredit":"kali9","nprByline":"Clare Leschin-Hoar, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"558576179","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=558576179&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/10/20/558576179/do-you-care-if-your-fish-dinner-was-raised-humanely-animal-advocates-say-you-sho?ft=nprml&f=558576179","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 20 Oct 2017 13:59:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 20 Oct 2017 07:00:20 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 20 Oct 2017 13:59:10 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/121688/do-you-care-if-your-fish-dinner-was-raised-humanely-animal-advocates-say-you-should","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At some point or another, we've all cringed at the videos: lame cows struggling to stand; egg-laying hens squeezed into small, stacked cages; hogs confined to gestation crates, unable to walk or turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, animal advocates have made great strides informing us of some of the problems with how many of our favorite proteins are raised. They've also made progress bringing change to the industry by pressuring large-scale retailers — from Target to McDonald's — to commit to sourcing livestock raised with higher welfare standards. But one important protein source has been missing almost entirely from the conversation: seafood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercyforanimals.org/\">Mercy for Animals\u003c/a>, a U.S.-based animal welfare group, says that's about to change. The group says it is beginning to lay the groundwork for a campaign that will target the aquaculture industry and shine a light on the conditions in which finfish like salmon, tilapia, catfish, trout, pangasius and other species are raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More and more fish are being farmed in intense factory farms,\" says Nick Cooney, executive vice president at Mercy for Animals. \"At the same time, there's an increasing amount of research discovering just how intelligent and social fish are as individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do consumers care? Mercy for Animals' own \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercyforanimals.org/research\">in-house studies\u003c/a> suggest yes — and offer a roadmap of the objections the group is likely to raise with the aquaculture industry. Concerns like too many fish routinely crammed into pens and tanks, fish being raised in dirty water, high disease and mortality rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, a vegan organization, also cites slaughter methods it finds most inhumane — like letting fish suffocate in open air, chilling them while still alive, or cutting their gills without stunning. And then there's the parasites known as sea lice, which feed on farmed salmon, costing the industry nearly $1 billion a year in losses. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For individual consumers, our goal is simply to educate them on the way these animals are being treated,\" says Cooney. \"Our research studies have found that when people learn about these things — that half the fish being used in the food industry are coming from factory farms, or are confined in tanks with dirty water; that sea lice eats away the flesh and faces of fish — that educating them leads to more compassionate choices. And for large companies, our hope in the coming years is that if we show them their customers care, they'll eliminate the worst practices in their supply chains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercy for Animals may have one important thing going for it — timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humane treatment of fish is a topic that's starting to bubble up elsewhere. Seafood industry gatherings like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodsummit.org/session/a-discussion-on-fish-health-welfare-and-our-moral-obligations/\">Seafood Summit\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://afs.confex.com/afs/2017/meetingapp.cgi/Session/5471\">American Fisheries Society\u003c/a> meetings are now including sessions focused on welfare issues for farm-raised fish. Supermarkets like Whole Foods are addressing the issue by including language in their \u003ca href=\"http://assets.wholefoodsmarket.com/www/missions-values/seafood-sustainability/WholeFoodsMarketQS_Farmed-finfish-shrimp_Jan1-2014.pdf\">seafood standards\u003c/a> requiring producers to minimize stress, and have gone so far as to stop carrying live lobster in their stores. And in Seattle, a pair of commercial fishermen recently launched a new fishing vessel that they claim is designed to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/06/14/532845573/will-fish-get-a-humanely-harvested-label-these-brothers-bet-40-million-on-it\">humanely harvest\u003c/a> the wild Pacific cod they catch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But will eaters care what fish feel?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry representatives say they paid close attention when animal advocacy groups went after the egg-laying hen and hog industries, but say they aren't convinced eaters will prioritize humane treatment for fish in the same way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure fish will capture the conscience of the public in the same way warm-blooded, furry animals have. People in this country don't see fish as sentient animals, with a conscience requiring the same welfare standards they'd give to a brown-eyed calf,\" says Craig Watson, who chairs the aquatic animal welfare committee for the National Aquaculture Association (NAA), a U.S.-based group of seafood growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's a topic many in aquaculture are thinking more about, including veterinarian Stephen Frattini, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://cfaarm.org/home.html\">Center for Aquatic Animal Research and Management\u003c/a>, who has spoken about fish welfare at industry conferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As humans, we've utilized terrestrial animals as food, but also to pull carts and plow fields. And along the way, a moral contract evolved that acknowledged we should provide for them in a way beyond not being cruel to them,\" Frattini says. \"But with fish, we're not there yet. We [as eaters] have yet to really struggle with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, defining what constitutes humane treatment of fish may be a tricky proposition of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, the debate over whether fish are \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/06/20/482468094/fish-have-feelings-too-the-inner-lives-of-our-underwater-cousins\">sentient and feel pain\u003c/a> is far from settled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It depends on who you talk to,\" says Watson, who also runs the Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory at the University of Florida. He says he and many others think \"the science is clear that fish lack the neurophysiology to feel pain. They don't have the brain structure — a developed neocortex where pain occurs in higher vertebrates.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watson notes the growing body of literature suggesting that there's a part of a fish's brain that can feel pain or emotion. But he says the science is still pretty clear. \"Fish don't have the equipment for higher processes similar to ours.\" But in a way, he says, the answer almost doesn't matter. \"To me, it's not an argument of whether fish are emotional and conscious, that's a personal belief in many ways. What's important is the welfare of the animal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What constitutes humane treatment for fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what's deemed humane for one species of fish may be detrimental to another. For example, imposing an across-the-board, low-density requirement might actually create a stressful environment for certain species. Tilapia or arctic char can become aggressive with each other when there are fewer fish in the pen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there are fuzzier welfare issues. Are breeding techniques that sometimes result in \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheriessciences.com/fisheries-aqua/skeletal-deformities-in-seabreams-understanding-the-genetic-origin-can-improve-production.pdf\">skeletal deformities\u003c/a> a humane issue? What about emerging evidence that accelerated growth rates of some farmed fish have resulted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/world-on-a-plate/2017/aug/29/is-hearing-loss-in-farmed-fish-a-price-worth-paying-for-aquacultures-meteoric-rise\">hearing loss\u003c/a>? For some farmed salmon, sea lice are more than just uncomfortable parasites that attach to fish and feed on them—\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/sea-lice-outbreak-fundy-1.4030118\">unchecked, they can be deadly\u003c/a> and can also infect wild salmon swimming nearby. Last year in Scotland alone, \u003ca href=\"http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15583156.A_disgrace__ten_million_salmon_thrown_away_by_fish_farm_industry_in_last_year_alone/?ref=mr&lp=8\">10 million salmon\u003c/a> were destroyed because of parasites, diseases and other problems. Should high mortality rates like that be viewed through a humane lens?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not how many fish you put in the pen, it's how many you harvest. There are a lot of farmed fish that never make it to the plate because of mishaps during the farming process,\" says George Leonard, chief scientist at Ocean Conservancy. \"Should we as a society care about the suffering of those fish that never make it to the plate? That isn't a science question. That is a moral question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is on the radar of industry certification groups like Best Aquaculture Practices, which includes an entire section on animal health and welfare in its standards. The Aquaculture Stewardship Council says welfare provisions are included in its current standards to address issues like stocking densities and veterinary care, but it does not have a separate standard for the 12 species it currently certifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Aquaculture Association's official policy on animal welfare also encourages humane practices including quick slaughter, though it specifically warns against anthropomorphizing standards around pain or intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What concerns people like me is the Mercy for Animal groups don't understand the fundamental biology of these animals, yet they want to dictate to us how to best grow the fish,\" says Randy MacMillian, an NAA board member and vice president of Clear Springs Foods, an Idaho-based trout farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As fish farmers, our mission is to provide U.S. consumers with environmentally sustainable, wholesome, high-quality seafood at affordable prices. We have to look at husbandry conditions. We're looking at feed conversion [the amount of feed it takes to grow one pound of fish], mortality, morbidity — and we use those metrics to inform us if we're doing a good job,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercy for Animals will have some daunting hurdles in its path as it tries to shift the aquaculture industry: The vast majority of the farmed fish Americans eat comes from countries like China, Indonesia, Canada, Norway, Chile and Ecuador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Welfare rights are primarily a Western phenomenon,\" says Fred Conte, an extension aquaculture specialist with the University of California, Davis. \"You go to Central America or China and you're not going to find welfare standards.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many consumers already feel overwhelmed and confused with the complex decisions they face at the seafood counter: Is the fish farmed or wild? Is it from a sustainable source? Does it contain mercury or other contaminants? Was slave labor used in its production? Is the label accurate — or has that snapper been swapped for something else along the way? Adding the question, \"Was this fish farmed humanely?\" might be a tough sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conte says ultimately, society will decide whether to take up the humane treatment of fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, no one can make the definitive statement: Fish feel pain like humans feel pain. It's an open debate,\" says Conte. \"Before science comes up with that evidence, society is going to move in a direction. Industry will respond to market pressures. If society chooses not to believe a fish feels pain, there will not be much pressure on the industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leschin-hoar.com/\">\u003cem>Clare Leschin-Hoar\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in San Diego who covers food policy and sustainability issues. This story was produced in collaboration with the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thefern.org\">\u003cem>Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a non-profit, investigative news organization. \u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/121688/do-you-care-if-your-fish-dinner-was-raised-humanely-animal-advocates-say-you-should","authors":["byline_bayareabites_121688"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_358"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_376","bayareabites_15882"],"featImg":"bayareabites_121692","label":"source_bayareabites_121688"},"bayareabites_117954":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_117954","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"117954","score":null,"sort":[1496694195000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"this-farmer-wants-to-give-animals-a-better-life-and-death","title":"This Farmer Wants To Give Animals A Better Life — And Death","publishDate":1496694195,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>As farmer Jon McConaughy wades through his flock of 400 sheep, lambs bleat, seemingly saying \"maaaaa\" as they look for their mothers in the huge pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Between seven and 10 lambs a week is what we use,\" McConaughy says, looking across the field. \"That's what goes through the slaughterhouse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConaughy's Double Brook Farm has one of only two U.S. Department of Agriculture certified on-premises slaughter facilities in the country. That means that, instead of taking his animals to a large commercial slaughterhouse, he can slaughter his own pigs and lambs each week, all within the confines of the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes time for them to be harvested, we walk them to the slaughterhouse. So they never get on a trailer, they never have to experience the stress that goes along with most slaughterhouses,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His livestock live their entire lives on this farm, from birth to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Double Brook works to reduce the stress on its animals for a few reasons: McConaughy thinks the quality of the life of an animal is just as important as the quality of its death. And, secondly, stress can ruin meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stress hormones affect the acid levels, which affect the meat to the point in some cases where it's inedible,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On slaughter day, lambs and pigs are walked to the back of the slaughterhouse, which looks like a barn from the outside. The pigs grow up in the shadow of the building, and it's a short walk from their pasture to the holding pen. Then about 10 of each animal are selected for harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that's probably the hardest thing for me, is that on that particular day, why are those the ones chosen?\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last pig of the day is waiting in the holding pen, snorting and walking around the enclosure that held nine of its litter mates before. He has beady black eyes like marbles and is covered in dirt and coarse black hairs. Butchers herd him down a curved path into the slaughterhouse. Once inside, a gate is closed behind him and he stands in what's called the knock box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers pet the pig and talk to him, while another butcher prepares the captive bolt — a bullet that is shot into the pig's head to render it unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a commercial slaughterhouse, there is a pig every 15 to 20 seconds. We're watching the process right now and we have probably been sitting here for a minute and a half, watching this whole thing going on,\" McConaughy explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers get the pig in place and the captive bolt fires with a loud crack. They open the gate and the pig falls to the floor. They take a knife and slice open its jugular vein, and the pig's blood spills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart will continue to beat for another three or four minutes after the brain has been killed. And so the animal will continue to move and convulse,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pig twists and writhes in its own blood until it stops moving. The butchers, clad in heavy aprons and black rubber boots, lift the lifeless body into a metal machine, which boils its hair off. When the pig comes out it looks less like an animal and more like meat — its flesh is pink and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A butcher then pops the toenails off with a knife. Another takes a blowtorch to scorch the remainder of the hair. They saw into the breast plate until the bone cracks, and use a giant serrated knife to cut the head off. Chains jangle as they hoist the body to the ceiling. One butcher slices the stomach and the guts plop into a metal wheelbarrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I happen to think that the slaughter process is something that most people should watch if they're going to eat animals, and if it turns them away from animals, then that's probably a good thing,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks being exposed to the slaughter process helps people connect the meat on their plate to the animal it once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the big differences with our kids versus other kids is that they very, very rarely waste anything,\" McConaughy says. \"They understand that these animals gave their lives for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paige Pfleger reports for WHYY's health and science show,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://whyy.org/thepulse\">The Pulse\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003cem>This story originally appeared on an episode of its podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-pulse/id772127662?mt=2\">The Meat Show\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.whyy.org\" target=\"_blank\">WHYY\u003c/a>, Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Livestock farmer Jon McConaughy's animals live their whole lives on his farm - and die there, too, in his slaughterhouse. He tries to make the end as stress-free and respectful as he can, he says.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1496694195,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":758},"headData":{"title":"This Farmer Wants To Give Animals A Better Life — And Death | KQED","description":"Livestock farmer Jon McConaughy's animals live their whole lives on his farm - and die there, too, in his slaughterhouse. He tries to make the end as stress-free and respectful as he can, he says.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"This Farmer Wants To Give Animals A Better Life — And Death","datePublished":"2017-06-05T20:23:15.000Z","dateModified":"2017-06-05T20:23:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"117954 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=117954","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/05/this-farmer-wants-to-give-animals-a-better-life-and-death/","disqusTitle":"This Farmer Wants To Give Animals A Better Life — And Death","audioUrl":"https://soundcloud.com/whyy-the-pulse/slaughter","nprByline":"Paige Pfleger, \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-pulse/id772127662?mt=2\">WHYY\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Paige Pfleger/WHYY","nprStoryId":"531234497","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=531234497&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/06/05/531234497/this-farmer-wants-to-give-animals-a-better-life-and-death?ft=nprml&f=531234497","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 05 Jun 2017 13:25:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 05 Jun 2017 12:52:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 05 Jun 2017 13:25:34 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/117954/this-farmer-wants-to-give-animals-a-better-life-and-death","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As farmer Jon McConaughy wades through his flock of 400 sheep, lambs bleat, seemingly saying \"maaaaa\" as they look for their mothers in the huge pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Between seven and 10 lambs a week is what we use,\" McConaughy says, looking across the field. \"That's what goes through the slaughterhouse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConaughy's Double Brook Farm has one of only two U.S. Department of Agriculture certified on-premises slaughter facilities in the country. That means that, instead of taking his animals to a large commercial slaughterhouse, he can slaughter his own pigs and lambs each week, all within the confines of the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes time for them to be harvested, we walk them to the slaughterhouse. So they never get on a trailer, they never have to experience the stress that goes along with most slaughterhouses,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His livestock live their entire lives on this farm, from birth to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Double Brook works to reduce the stress on its animals for a few reasons: McConaughy thinks the quality of the life of an animal is just as important as the quality of its death. And, secondly, stress can ruin meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stress hormones affect the acid levels, which affect the meat to the point in some cases where it's inedible,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On slaughter day, lambs and pigs are walked to the back of the slaughterhouse, which looks like a barn from the outside. The pigs grow up in the shadow of the building, and it's a short walk from their pasture to the holding pen. Then about 10 of each animal are selected for harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that's probably the hardest thing for me, is that on that particular day, why are those the ones chosen?\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last pig of the day is waiting in the holding pen, snorting and walking around the enclosure that held nine of its litter mates before. He has beady black eyes like marbles and is covered in dirt and coarse black hairs. Butchers herd him down a curved path into the slaughterhouse. Once inside, a gate is closed behind him and he stands in what's called the knock box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers pet the pig and talk to him, while another butcher prepares the captive bolt — a bullet that is shot into the pig's head to render it unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a commercial slaughterhouse, there is a pig every 15 to 20 seconds. We're watching the process right now and we have probably been sitting here for a minute and a half, watching this whole thing going on,\" McConaughy explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers get the pig in place and the captive bolt fires with a loud crack. They open the gate and the pig falls to the floor. They take a knife and slice open its jugular vein, and the pig's blood spills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart will continue to beat for another three or four minutes after the brain has been killed. And so the animal will continue to move and convulse,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pig twists and writhes in its own blood until it stops moving. The butchers, clad in heavy aprons and black rubber boots, lift the lifeless body into a metal machine, which boils its hair off. When the pig comes out it looks less like an animal and more like meat — its flesh is pink and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A butcher then pops the toenails off with a knife. Another takes a blowtorch to scorch the remainder of the hair. They saw into the breast plate until the bone cracks, and use a giant serrated knife to cut the head off. Chains jangle as they hoist the body to the ceiling. One butcher slices the stomach and the guts plop into a metal wheelbarrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I happen to think that the slaughter process is something that most people should watch if they're going to eat animals, and if it turns them away from animals, then that's probably a good thing,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks being exposed to the slaughter process helps people connect the meat on their plate to the animal it once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the big differences with our kids versus other kids is that they very, very rarely waste anything,\" McConaughy says. \"They understand that these animals gave their lives for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paige Pfleger reports for WHYY's health and science show,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://whyy.org/thepulse\">The Pulse\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003cem>This story originally appeared on an episode of its podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-pulse/id772127662?mt=2\">The Meat Show\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.whyy.org\" target=\"_blank\">WHYY\u003c/a>, Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/117954/this-farmer-wants-to-give-animals-a-better-life-and-death","authors":["byline_bayareabites_117954"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_13253","bayareabites_8914"],"featImg":"bayareabites_117955","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_116656":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_116656","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"116656","score":null,"sort":[1491588309000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"marin-county-decision-to-allow-local-slaughter-fires-up-a-debate","title":"Marin County Decision to Allow Local Slaughter Fires Up a Debate","publishDate":1491588309,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>One vision of a progressive food system celebrates diverse local farms and an approach to meat production that reduces the suffering of animals eventually slated to be slaughtered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another vision insists that animal slaughter will never expunge its inherently inhumane nature, and that only plants should feed a growing global population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is more progressive? And which is more sustainable? In many communities, food activists are too busy combating new concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) or looking for alternatives to large-scale commodity crop production to debate the finer points of niche issues like local animal slaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the case in Marin County, California, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/us/organic-farmings-american-heartland-awaits-royals.html\">a stronghold of the organic and local food movements\u003c/a>, where a recent choice by the county board of supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.marincounty.org/~/media/files/maringov/board-actions/2017/march/17031414cdadevpcodeltr.pdf?la=en\">to allow small-scale local animal slaughter\u003c/a> has fueled a fight over the meaning of sustainable food policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To some locals, the reversal of the ban on all animal slaughter that the board enacted in 2003 adds another positive chapter to the county’s storied local food ethos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do not encourage the model of more local, sustainable, transparent food systems, then you’re going to end up with Monsanto and Swift and the large conglomerates producing food in a manner that is unhealthy and environmentally completely inappropriate,” said Mark Pasternak, a rabbit farmer and the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.devilsgulchranch.com/index.html\">Devil’s Gulch Ranch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to others, \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2017/01/10/sustainable-meat-supporters-and-vegan-activists-both-claim-bullying/\">the very phrase “sustainable meat” is an oxymoron\u003c/a>, an impossibility. By permitting any animal slaughter—even the small-scale, local kind—Marin County is regressing and papering over the sins of animal agriculture, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Small-Scale Slaughter Permitted\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe change in the code, \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/article/NO/20170314/NEWS/170319891\">unanimously approved by the board of supervisors last month\u003c/a>, allows small-scale slaughter of poultry—less than 20,000 birds or rabbits per year—and permits mobile slaughter units for all kinds of animals, including cows, pigs, and poultry to visit farms. The county won’t be inspecting slaughter operations, said Jeremy Tejirian, a planning manager for the county, although the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/production-and-inspection/slaughter-inspection-101/slaughter-inspection-101\">USDA inspects all slaughter units\u003c/a> for cows and pigs, including the mobile units that Marin is now using.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County had considered allowing brick-and-mortar slaughterhouses, but decided against it. Officials also thought about retaining a rabbit slaughter ban when some residents protested the killing of animals that are also popular household pets, but ended up lifting it as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say lifting the ban will allow them to keep a great portion of the meat supply chain local, while also growing new aspects of their businesses. The rule change also highlights the limited number of options for small farmers everywhere, even in a place like Marin County, where there exists both demand for and supply of locally raised meat. Previously, farmers and ranchers had to send their animals to sometimes far-distant slaughterhouses for processing. Some Marin poultry farmers send their birds to Stockton or Sacramento, nearly 100 miles away. And though \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinsunfarms.com/about-us/\">the nearest beef processing plant\u003c/a> is just over the Sonoma county line to the north of Marin, \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2017/03/28/meat-processing-in-a-box/\">minimizing or eliminating animal transport\u003c/a> is key to humane treatment of poultry and livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that Sonoma County slaughterhouse has taken over the operations from Rancho Feeding, which earned notoriety after employees admitted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5185001-181/rancho-feeding-corp-co-owner-sentenced\">slaughtering diseased and uninspected cows\u003c/a>, leading to a federal recall of 8.7 million pounds of beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty years ago, there were about 10,000 slaughtering facilities scattered throughout the United States. Then in 1967, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmtoconsumer.org/blog/2015/09/10/the-wholesome-meat-act-of-1967-disaster-for-small-slaughterhouses-from-the-start/\">Wholesome Meat Act\u003c/a>, which mandated that state slaughter rules be at least as strict as federal ones. The act ended up driving major consolidation in the meat processing industry, and today, there are fewer than 3,000 slaughterhouses throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal inspections are required for all large animal slaughter operations, and for poultry slaughter operations that process more than 20,000 animals per year. State regulations govern smaller poultry operations, and in California, only county rules cover poultry operations slaughtering fewer than 5,000 animals per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California’s 58 counties, rules regulating animal slaughter vary considerably, with urbanized areas generally having stricter limits, said Dave Runsten, the policy director for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.caff.org/\">Community Alliance with Family Farmers\u003c/a>, a California advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Debate Rages On\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People on both sides of the issue hold strong opinions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://miyokoskitchen.com/\">Miyoko Schinner\u003c/a>, an author, \u003ca href=\"http://www.artisanveganlife.com/\">vegan chef\u003c/a>, and animal rights activist based in Marin takes issue with the growing local, grass-fed beef movement. When applied to meat, terms like “local,” “humane,” and “farm-to-table” are just catch phrases that obscure the reality that meat will never feed the 9 billion people projected to populate the world by 2050, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Grass-fed may be more sustainable than CAFOs, but it’s not as sustainable as plants,” she said. “In my view, there’s so much more you can do with seven acres to grow plants and feed people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lifting the ban on animal slaughter will encourage more meat consumption, Schinner said. “What that is doing is promoting the myth of sustainable animal agriculture,” she added. “It’s making people feel better about continuing to eat animal products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, humane meat advocated say that allowing on-farm and small-scale animal slaughter enables farmers of pasture-raised chickens to retain more control over their product. It’s also a more humane alternative to industrialized slaughterhouses, in which dozens of chickens stream by on an assembly line every minute, making inspection difficult, Runsten said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a thing that used to be done on farms all the time,” he added. “If more of them took the path that Marin took, and said this is a right of farmers to do that, I think it would open up more opportunities for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, there’s a bottleneck in the local food supply chain under current practices as farmers end up having to reserve slots in slaughterhouses months ahead of time, said Pete Kennedy, who is on the board of directors for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmtoconsumer.org/\">Farm-to-Consumer Legal Defense Fund\u003c/a>, which advocates for less restrictive regulations on raw milk and small-scale animal slaughter. On-farm slaughter will help relieve the holdup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allowing local, on-farm slaughter “is really just a chance to improve the local infrastructure and better meet the demand for locally-produced meat,” said Kennedy, whose group is advocating for\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2015/11/04/could-this-bill-make-local-meat-more-affordable-prime-act/\">legislation that would legalize the sale of custom-processed meat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, unspoken don’t-ask-don’t-tell animal slaughter practices common in California leave farmers in legal limbo, said Pasternak of Devil’s Gulch Ranch. Better to explicitly approve slaughter, as Marin County has now done, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need to know before you spend the money, time, and effort that you’re able to do it,” said Pasternak, whose farm is outside the areas zoned for animal slaughter. “It’s critical for young farmers, beginning farmers, and any farmers, if they want to invest the money in diversifying, in selling their products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pasternak also pointed to aesthetic benefits of lifting the ban. Farms are commercial enterprises, and dirty, sometimes noisy activities—such as slaughtering animals, spraying fields, and driving tractors—are necessary to retain the open space Marin residents cherish. Many wealthy people in the area near his farm “want to look at nice green pastures with a cow, but don’t want any commercial activity with smells or sounds or dust,” Pasternak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Marin County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.marineconomicconsulting.com/Presentations/CAMS%20Forum%20030117.pdf\">some residents worry\u003c/a> animal slaughter could harm the local economy. “I think it has the potential to be an unmitigated disaster,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.marineconomicconsulting.com/consultants.php\">Jon Haveman, an economist in Marin County\u003c/a>. He said he doesn’t oppose all animal slaughter and just believes it needs to be done in more suitable places with fewer tourists and residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declining residential property values could threaten the county’s budget, he said. Tourism could decline. Additionally, he worries about water use in a drought-prone area. Slaughtering requires large amounts of water–130 gallons per cow, and five to 10 gallons per chicken–and the guts and offal have to be disposed of lest predators cart them off. Less stringent inspection rules for smaller slaughter operations could lead people to cheat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people in Marin County are already plotting legal recourse. “There are people looking at it pretty aggressively, and I’d be pretty surprised if there was not legal action brought,” Haveman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the Author\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/author/aorlowski/\" target=\"_blank\">Aaron Orlowski\u003c/a> is a California-based environment, food and science journalist. He often writes about agriculture, fish (both farmed and wild), water resources, and renewable energy. Before settling on the West Coast, he worked for newspapers in North and South Dakota. In his spare time, he attempts to salvage untested recipes in the kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In a county famous for its support of local food, the uproar over lifting Marin’s ban on local slaughter raises questions about sustainable food policy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1491588666,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1522},"headData":{"title":"Marin County Decision to Allow Local Slaughter Fires Up a Debate | KQED","description":"In a county famous for its support of local food, the uproar over lifting Marin’s ban on local slaughter raises questions about sustainable food policy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Marin County Decision to Allow Local Slaughter Fires Up a Debate","datePublished":"2017-04-07T18:05:09.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-07T18:11:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"116656 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=116656","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/04/07/marin-county-decision-to-allow-local-slaughter-fires-up-a-debate/","disqusTitle":"Marin County Decision to Allow Local Slaughter Fires Up a Debate","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/author/aorlowski/\">Aaron Orlowski\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/civileat/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>","path":"/bayareabites/116656/marin-county-decision-to-allow-local-slaughter-fires-up-a-debate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One vision of a progressive food system celebrates diverse local farms and an approach to meat production that reduces the suffering of animals eventually slated to be slaughtered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another vision insists that animal slaughter will never expunge its inherently inhumane nature, and that only plants should feed a growing global population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is more progressive? And which is more sustainable? In many communities, food activists are too busy combating new concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) or looking for alternatives to large-scale commodity crop production to debate the finer points of niche issues like local animal slaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the case in Marin County, California, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/us/organic-farmings-american-heartland-awaits-royals.html\">a stronghold of the organic and local food movements\u003c/a>, where a recent choice by the county board of supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.marincounty.org/~/media/files/maringov/board-actions/2017/march/17031414cdadevpcodeltr.pdf?la=en\">to allow small-scale local animal slaughter\u003c/a> has fueled a fight over the meaning of sustainable food policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To some locals, the reversal of the ban on all animal slaughter that the board enacted in 2003 adds another positive chapter to the county’s storied local food ethos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do not encourage the model of more local, sustainable, transparent food systems, then you’re going to end up with Monsanto and Swift and the large conglomerates producing food in a manner that is unhealthy and environmentally completely inappropriate,” said Mark Pasternak, a rabbit farmer and the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.devilsgulchranch.com/index.html\">Devil’s Gulch Ranch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to others, \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2017/01/10/sustainable-meat-supporters-and-vegan-activists-both-claim-bullying/\">the very phrase “sustainable meat” is an oxymoron\u003c/a>, an impossibility. By permitting any animal slaughter—even the small-scale, local kind—Marin County is regressing and papering over the sins of animal agriculture, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Small-Scale Slaughter Permitted\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe change in the code, \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/article/NO/20170314/NEWS/170319891\">unanimously approved by the board of supervisors last month\u003c/a>, allows small-scale slaughter of poultry—less than 20,000 birds or rabbits per year—and permits mobile slaughter units for all kinds of animals, including cows, pigs, and poultry to visit farms. The county won’t be inspecting slaughter operations, said Jeremy Tejirian, a planning manager for the county, although the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/production-and-inspection/slaughter-inspection-101/slaughter-inspection-101\">USDA inspects all slaughter units\u003c/a> for cows and pigs, including the mobile units that Marin is now using.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County had considered allowing brick-and-mortar slaughterhouses, but decided against it. Officials also thought about retaining a rabbit slaughter ban when some residents protested the killing of animals that are also popular household pets, but ended up lifting it as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say lifting the ban will allow them to keep a great portion of the meat supply chain local, while also growing new aspects of their businesses. The rule change also highlights the limited number of options for small farmers everywhere, even in a place like Marin County, where there exists both demand for and supply of locally raised meat. Previously, farmers and ranchers had to send their animals to sometimes far-distant slaughterhouses for processing. Some Marin poultry farmers send their birds to Stockton or Sacramento, nearly 100 miles away. And though \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinsunfarms.com/about-us/\">the nearest beef processing plant\u003c/a> is just over the Sonoma county line to the north of Marin, \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2017/03/28/meat-processing-in-a-box/\">minimizing or eliminating animal transport\u003c/a> is key to humane treatment of poultry and livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that Sonoma County slaughterhouse has taken over the operations from Rancho Feeding, which earned notoriety after employees admitted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5185001-181/rancho-feeding-corp-co-owner-sentenced\">slaughtering diseased and uninspected cows\u003c/a>, leading to a federal recall of 8.7 million pounds of beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty years ago, there were about 10,000 slaughtering facilities scattered throughout the United States. Then in 1967, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmtoconsumer.org/blog/2015/09/10/the-wholesome-meat-act-of-1967-disaster-for-small-slaughterhouses-from-the-start/\">Wholesome Meat Act\u003c/a>, which mandated that state slaughter rules be at least as strict as federal ones. The act ended up driving major consolidation in the meat processing industry, and today, there are fewer than 3,000 slaughterhouses throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal inspections are required for all large animal slaughter operations, and for poultry slaughter operations that process more than 20,000 animals per year. State regulations govern smaller poultry operations, and in California, only county rules cover poultry operations slaughtering fewer than 5,000 animals per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California’s 58 counties, rules regulating animal slaughter vary considerably, with urbanized areas generally having stricter limits, said Dave Runsten, the policy director for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.caff.org/\">Community Alliance with Family Farmers\u003c/a>, a California advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Debate Rages On\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People on both sides of the issue hold strong opinions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://miyokoskitchen.com/\">Miyoko Schinner\u003c/a>, an author, \u003ca href=\"http://www.artisanveganlife.com/\">vegan chef\u003c/a>, and animal rights activist based in Marin takes issue with the growing local, grass-fed beef movement. When applied to meat, terms like “local,” “humane,” and “farm-to-table” are just catch phrases that obscure the reality that meat will never feed the 9 billion people projected to populate the world by 2050, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Grass-fed may be more sustainable than CAFOs, but it’s not as sustainable as plants,” she said. “In my view, there’s so much more you can do with seven acres to grow plants and feed people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lifting the ban on animal slaughter will encourage more meat consumption, Schinner said. “What that is doing is promoting the myth of sustainable animal agriculture,” she added. “It’s making people feel better about continuing to eat animal products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, humane meat advocated say that allowing on-farm and small-scale animal slaughter enables farmers of pasture-raised chickens to retain more control over their product. It’s also a more humane alternative to industrialized slaughterhouses, in which dozens of chickens stream by on an assembly line every minute, making inspection difficult, Runsten said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a thing that used to be done on farms all the time,” he added. “If more of them took the path that Marin took, and said this is a right of farmers to do that, I think it would open up more opportunities for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, there’s a bottleneck in the local food supply chain under current practices as farmers end up having to reserve slots in slaughterhouses months ahead of time, said Pete Kennedy, who is on the board of directors for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmtoconsumer.org/\">Farm-to-Consumer Legal Defense Fund\u003c/a>, which advocates for less restrictive regulations on raw milk and small-scale animal slaughter. On-farm slaughter will help relieve the holdup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allowing local, on-farm slaughter “is really just a chance to improve the local infrastructure and better meet the demand for locally-produced meat,” said Kennedy, whose group is advocating for\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2015/11/04/could-this-bill-make-local-meat-more-affordable-prime-act/\">legislation that would legalize the sale of custom-processed meat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, unspoken don’t-ask-don’t-tell animal slaughter practices common in California leave farmers in legal limbo, said Pasternak of Devil’s Gulch Ranch. Better to explicitly approve slaughter, as Marin County has now done, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need to know before you spend the money, time, and effort that you’re able to do it,” said Pasternak, whose farm is outside the areas zoned for animal slaughter. “It’s critical for young farmers, beginning farmers, and any farmers, if they want to invest the money in diversifying, in selling their products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pasternak also pointed to aesthetic benefits of lifting the ban. Farms are commercial enterprises, and dirty, sometimes noisy activities—such as slaughtering animals, spraying fields, and driving tractors—are necessary to retain the open space Marin residents cherish. Many wealthy people in the area near his farm “want to look at nice green pastures with a cow, but don’t want any commercial activity with smells or sounds or dust,” Pasternak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Marin County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.marineconomicconsulting.com/Presentations/CAMS%20Forum%20030117.pdf\">some residents worry\u003c/a> animal slaughter could harm the local economy. “I think it has the potential to be an unmitigated disaster,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.marineconomicconsulting.com/consultants.php\">Jon Haveman, an economist in Marin County\u003c/a>. He said he doesn’t oppose all animal slaughter and just believes it needs to be done in more suitable places with fewer tourists and residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declining residential property values could threaten the county’s budget, he said. Tourism could decline. Additionally, he worries about water use in a drought-prone area. Slaughtering requires large amounts of water–130 gallons per cow, and five to 10 gallons per chicken–and the guts and offal have to be disposed of lest predators cart them off. Less stringent inspection rules for smaller slaughter operations could lead people to cheat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people in Marin County are already plotting legal recourse. “There are people looking at it pretty aggressively, and I’d be pretty surprised if there was not legal action brought,” Haveman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the Author\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/author/aorlowski/\" target=\"_blank\">Aaron Orlowski\u003c/a> is a California-based environment, food and science journalist. He often writes about agriculture, fish (both farmed and wild), water resources, and renewable energy. Before settling on the West Coast, he worked for newspapers in North and South Dakota. In his spare time, he attempts to salvage untested recipes in the kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/116656/marin-county-decision-to-allow-local-slaughter-fires-up-a-debate","authors":["byline_bayareabites_116656"],"categories":["bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_15153","bayareabites_15155","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_243","bayareabites_8967"],"featImg":"bayareabites_116659","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_110680":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_110680","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"110680","score":null,"sort":[1468352153000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-perennial-plate-a-vegetarian-turned-rancher-shares-her-story","title":"The Perennial Plate: A Vegetarian-Turned-Rancher Shares Her Story","publishDate":1468352153,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/172583442?portrait=0&badge=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first film from Season 4 of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theperennialplate.com/\">The Perennial Plate\u003c/a> web documentary series about sustainable food takes place in Del Norte, Colorado. It follows Keri Brandt, a former vegetarian and associate professor of Sociology and Gender and Women’s Studies at Fort Lewis University, as she shares how she came to terms with raising and eating animals after marrying into a Colorado ranching family. The Off family has been raising cattle for close to 150 years in Southern Colorado, where there’s a long history of ranching.\u003cspan id=\"more-24968\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Perennial Plate was interested in the perspective of a woman and outsider coming into a family with such deep roots and loved the fact that Keri’s story was non-dogmatic. They also liked how falling in love with someone on the “other side” opened her eyes to a type of agriculture that lies somewhere in the middle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keri concedes that she still isn’t sure if we should eat animals, but that it’s hard to eat anything without causing harm, whether it’s vegetables or animals. After she came to live on the ranch and learned more about what it takes to raise animals, she began to understand the complexity of farming. She is now really invested in how we can all move toward causing less harm with the food we eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About The Writer\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDaniel Klein is a chef, activist, and filmmaker living in Minneapolis. He has cooked in the restaurants of Thomas Keller, Heston Blumenthal, and Tom Colicchio. For his current project, Daniel has been documenting his culinary, agricultural and hunting explorations on film in a web series called \u003ca href=\"http://www.theperennialplate.com/\">The Perennial Plate\u003c/a>. Every week he covers a diverse set of sustainable stories from squirrel hunting to community gardens. Follow him on Twitter\u003ca href=\"http://twitter.com/perennialplate\">@perennialplate\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://http//www.facebook.com/pages/Perennial-Plate/200850638937?v=wall\">Facebook\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"How falling in love with someone on the “other side” opened one woman's eyes to a type of agriculture in the middle.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1490819371,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://player.vimeo.com/video/172583442"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":313},"headData":{"title":"The Perennial Plate: A Vegetarian-Turned-Rancher Shares Her Story | KQED","description":"How falling in love with someone on the “other side” opened one woman's eyes to a type of agriculture in the middle.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Perennial Plate: A Vegetarian-Turned-Rancher Shares Her Story","datePublished":"2016-07-12T19:35:53.000Z","dateModified":"2017-03-29T20:29:31.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"110680 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=110680","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/07/12/the-perennial-plate-a-vegetarian-turned-rancher-shares-her-story/","disqusTitle":"The Perennial Plate: A Vegetarian-Turned-Rancher Shares Her Story","path":"/bayareabites/110680/the-perennial-plate-a-vegetarian-turned-rancher-shares-her-story","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/172583442?portrait=0&badge=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first film from Season 4 of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theperennialplate.com/\">The Perennial Plate\u003c/a> web documentary series about sustainable food takes place in Del Norte, Colorado. It follows Keri Brandt, a former vegetarian and associate professor of Sociology and Gender and Women’s Studies at Fort Lewis University, as she shares how she came to terms with raising and eating animals after marrying into a Colorado ranching family. The Off family has been raising cattle for close to 150 years in Southern Colorado, where there’s a long history of ranching.\u003cspan id=\"more-24968\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Perennial Plate was interested in the perspective of a woman and outsider coming into a family with such deep roots and loved the fact that Keri’s story was non-dogmatic. They also liked how falling in love with someone on the “other side” opened her eyes to a type of agriculture that lies somewhere in the middle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keri concedes that she still isn’t sure if we should eat animals, but that it’s hard to eat anything without causing harm, whether it’s vegetables or animals. After she came to live on the ranch and learned more about what it takes to raise animals, she began to understand the complexity of farming. She is now really invested in how we can all move toward causing less harm with the food we eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About The Writer\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDaniel Klein is a chef, activist, and filmmaker living in Minneapolis. He has cooked in the restaurants of Thomas Keller, Heston Blumenthal, and Tom Colicchio. For his current project, Daniel has been documenting his culinary, agricultural and hunting explorations on film in a web series called \u003ca href=\"http://www.theperennialplate.com/\">The Perennial Plate\u003c/a>. Every week he covers a diverse set of sustainable stories from squirrel hunting to community gardens. Follow him on Twitter\u003ca href=\"http://twitter.com/perennialplate\">@perennialplate\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://http//www.facebook.com/pages/Perennial-Plate/200850638937?v=wall\">Facebook\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/110680/the-perennial-plate-a-vegetarian-turned-rancher-shares-her-story","authors":["5129","5583"],"categories":["bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_1593","bayareabites_1873","bayareabites_316"],"tags":["bayareabites_12575","bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_8916","bayareabites_108"],"featImg":"bayareabites_110688","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_105635":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_105635","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"105635","score":null,"sort":[1451796935000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","title":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","publishDate":1451796935,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Animal welfare advocates got major traction this year pushing for cage-free eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, McDonald's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/04/390701295/mcdonalds-says-it-wont-be-serving-chicken-raised-on-antibiotics\">pledged\u003c/a> it would move to 100-percent cage-free eggs in its supply chain. And while the movement was already underway, this announcement seemed to really set off a domino effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest egg producers in the U.S., including Rembrandt Foods, pledged allegiance to cage-free. Packaged good behemoths like Nestle and fast food chains like Subway did as well. (See the list of companies below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of a social issue that food companies rallied around more in 2015 than chicken confinement,\" says Matthew Prescott, food policy director for the Humane Society of the United States, which has long been egging on producers and buyers to go cage-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what happened was that for so many companies, the cage-free issue had been on their docket for 10 to 12 years,\" says Prescott. But he says until McDonald's announcement, there hadn't been a commitment from a major player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \"cage-free\" means on the farm can differ somewhat, but as Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/09/10/438934607/the-latest-scramble-in-the-egg-industry-mcdonalds-is-going-cage-free\">has reported\u003c/a>, \"enriched colony cages\" that give chickens more room and nests to lay their eggs are currently the most popular alternative to traditional cages among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding out that those cage-free systems aren't as scary as they once feared,\" Chad Gregory, president of the United Egg Producers, the main industry association, told Charles in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott helped us compile this list of companies that committed in 2015 to buying entirely cage-free eggs (on a variety of different timelines). It's by no means complete, but includes most of the biggest players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Nestle%20Cage-Free%20Eggs%20Press%20Release%20FINAL.pdf\">Nestle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/Issues/animal-welfare-policy\">General Mills\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://customerservice.costco.com/system/templates/selfservice/costco_en_us/?sf9909006=1#!portal/200500000001002/article/200500000043548/Hillandale-Farms-Humane-Society-Egg-Response\">Costco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DunkinEggs\">Dunkin' Donuts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CageFreeJITB\">Jack in the Box\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://news.starbucks.com/views/starbucks-position-on-cage-free-eggs\">Starbucks\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.subway.com/subwayroot/about_us/PR_Docs/CageFreeEggs.pdf\">Subway\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://arbys.com/press-center/csr?mid=65434\">Arby's\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ENRG-Eggs\">Einstein Bros. Bagels\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CaribouE\">Caribou Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/1Mdb1T0\">Peet's Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeshack.com/2015/12/17/source-for-something-good-shake-shacks-commitment-to-cage-free-eggs-and-humanely-raised-pork/\">Shake Shack\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blog.humanesociety.org/wayne/2015/03/compass-group-cage-free-announcement.html\">Compass Group\u003c/a> (largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.aramark.com/~/media/Files/aramark-animal-welfare-policy.ashx\">Aramark\u003c/a> (second largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sodexousa.com/usen/media/press-releases/2015/animal_welfare_policy.aspx\">Sodexo \u003c/a>(third largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Carnival-HSUS%20Release%2012.21.15.pdf\">Carnival Corp.\u003c/a> (the largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/RCLEggs\">Royal Caribbean\u003c/a> (the second-largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersfoods.com/FFC_CompanyInfo/Sustainability/index.cfm\">Flowers Foods\u003c/a> (baked good company and maker of Wonder bread and Tastykake)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GrupoBimbo\">Grupo Bimbo\u003c/a> (world's largest baking company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MichaelFoods\">Michael Foods\u003c/a> (country's largest processed egg provider)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/latest-flap-on-egg-farms-going-whole-hog-on-cage-free-1426100062\">Rose Acre Farms\u003c/a> (country's second largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.rembrandtfoods.com/news-events/cage-free-to-become-the-standard-for-rembrandt-foods/\">Rembrandt Foods\u003c/a> (country's third largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Notice who's missing? With the exception of Costco, there are no grocery retailers: no Target, no Safeway, no Walmart. \"They are the final frontier on this issue,\" says Prescott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, they don't have much of an excuse anymore — the biggest egg producers in the country are all eliminating cages, so cage-free eggs won't be difficult to source in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know of any producer in country unwilling to meet cage-free demand,\" he says. So it may only be a matter of time until retailers are no longer the eggception to the rule. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Egg producers who for years said they couldn't give up cages for egg-laying hens made the switch to cage-free in 2015. Big egg buyers, including McDonald's, Nestle and Subway, made commitments, too.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1451796935,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":491},"headData":{"title":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets | KQED","description":"Egg producers who for years said they couldn't give up cages for egg-laying hens made the switch to cage-free in 2015. Big egg buyers, including McDonald's, Nestle and Subway, made commitments, too.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","datePublished":"2016-01-03T04:55:35.000Z","dateModified":"2016-01-03T04:55:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"105635 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=105635","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/01/02/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets/","disqusTitle":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Dan Charles/NPR","nprStoryId":"461483821","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=461483821&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/12/30/461483821/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets?ft=nprml&f=461483821","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:21:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:04:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:21:24 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/105635/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Animal welfare advocates got major traction this year pushing for cage-free eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, McDonald's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/04/390701295/mcdonalds-says-it-wont-be-serving-chicken-raised-on-antibiotics\">pledged\u003c/a> it would move to 100-percent cage-free eggs in its supply chain. And while the movement was already underway, this announcement seemed to really set off a domino effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest egg producers in the U.S., including Rembrandt Foods, pledged allegiance to cage-free. Packaged good behemoths like Nestle and fast food chains like Subway did as well. (See the list of companies below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of a social issue that food companies rallied around more in 2015 than chicken confinement,\" says Matthew Prescott, food policy director for the Humane Society of the United States, which has long been egging on producers and buyers to go cage-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what happened was that for so many companies, the cage-free issue had been on their docket for 10 to 12 years,\" says Prescott. But he says until McDonald's announcement, there hadn't been a commitment from a major player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \"cage-free\" means on the farm can differ somewhat, but as Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/09/10/438934607/the-latest-scramble-in-the-egg-industry-mcdonalds-is-going-cage-free\">has reported\u003c/a>, \"enriched colony cages\" that give chickens more room and nests to lay their eggs are currently the most popular alternative to traditional cages among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding out that those cage-free systems aren't as scary as they once feared,\" Chad Gregory, president of the United Egg Producers, the main industry association, told Charles in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott helped us compile this list of companies that committed in 2015 to buying entirely cage-free eggs (on a variety of different timelines). It's by no means complete, but includes most of the biggest players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Nestle%20Cage-Free%20Eggs%20Press%20Release%20FINAL.pdf\">Nestle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/Issues/animal-welfare-policy\">General Mills\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://customerservice.costco.com/system/templates/selfservice/costco_en_us/?sf9909006=1#!portal/200500000001002/article/200500000043548/Hillandale-Farms-Humane-Society-Egg-Response\">Costco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DunkinEggs\">Dunkin' Donuts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CageFreeJITB\">Jack in the Box\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://news.starbucks.com/views/starbucks-position-on-cage-free-eggs\">Starbucks\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.subway.com/subwayroot/about_us/PR_Docs/CageFreeEggs.pdf\">Subway\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://arbys.com/press-center/csr?mid=65434\">Arby's\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ENRG-Eggs\">Einstein Bros. Bagels\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CaribouE\">Caribou Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/1Mdb1T0\">Peet's Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeshack.com/2015/12/17/source-for-something-good-shake-shacks-commitment-to-cage-free-eggs-and-humanely-raised-pork/\">Shake Shack\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blog.humanesociety.org/wayne/2015/03/compass-group-cage-free-announcement.html\">Compass Group\u003c/a> (largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.aramark.com/~/media/Files/aramark-animal-welfare-policy.ashx\">Aramark\u003c/a> (second largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sodexousa.com/usen/media/press-releases/2015/animal_welfare_policy.aspx\">Sodexo \u003c/a>(third largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Carnival-HSUS%20Release%2012.21.15.pdf\">Carnival Corp.\u003c/a> (the largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/RCLEggs\">Royal Caribbean\u003c/a> (the second-largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersfoods.com/FFC_CompanyInfo/Sustainability/index.cfm\">Flowers Foods\u003c/a> (baked good company and maker of Wonder bread and Tastykake)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GrupoBimbo\">Grupo Bimbo\u003c/a> (world's largest baking company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MichaelFoods\">Michael Foods\u003c/a> (country's largest processed egg provider)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/latest-flap-on-egg-farms-going-whole-hog-on-cage-free-1426100062\">Rose Acre Farms\u003c/a> (country's second largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.rembrandtfoods.com/news-events/cage-free-to-become-the-standard-for-rembrandt-foods/\">Rembrandt Foods\u003c/a> (country's third largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Notice who's missing? With the exception of Costco, there are no grocery retailers: no Target, no Safeway, no Walmart. \"They are the final frontier on this issue,\" says Prescott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, they don't have much of an excuse anymore — the biggest egg producers in the country are all eliminating cages, so cage-free eggs won't be difficult to source in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know of any producer in country unwilling to meet cage-free demand,\" he says. So it may only be a matter of time until retailers are no longer the eggception to the rule. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/105635/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","authors":["byline_bayareabites_105635"],"categories":["bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_15185"],"featImg":"bayareabites_105636","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_98862":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_98862","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"98862","score":null,"sort":[1438637405000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"wanted-more-bulls-with-no-horns","title":"Wanted: More Bulls With No Horns","publishDate":1438637405,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>The next time you're in the dairy aisle at the supermarket, take a moment to imagine the animals that produced all that milk. Do these cows have horns? Chances are they do, or at least they did at birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About \u003ca href=\"http://www.hoards.com/T15july-breed-composition-trends\">85 percent of milk\u003c/a> sold in the United States comes from Holstein cows born with horns. But it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from cattle to prevent injuries to workers, veterinarians and other cows in the herd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Horned cattle: You get them on the truck, you get twice as many bruises when you get to the slaughterhouses. Bruises have to be cut out and thrown away,\" says Colorado State University professor and well-known animal advocate Temple Grandin. \"In the dairy industry, removing horns improves safety for the stock people and the farmworkers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone agrees with the practice of dehorning cattle. In recent years, animal welfare groups including The Humane Society and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) \u003ca href=\"http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/cows/dairy-industry/dehorning/http:/www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/cows/dairy-industry/dehorning/\">have called for \u003c/a> an end to horn removal in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their research shows it causes animals significant pain and stress, and that painkillers are rarely used during these procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, there are no national rules regarding how farms should remove horns from cattle. Many farms follow the guidelines of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/dehorning_cattle_bgnd.pdf\">American Veterinary Medical Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaldairyfarm.com/sites/default/files/FARM_manual_2013_WEB.pdf\">National Milk Producers Federation\u003c/a>, which recommend a practice called disbudding. Disbudding halts the growth of horn tissue in very young calves before pointy horns start to grow. Other dehorning techniques, like excising developing horns with metal scoops, are arguably harder on the cows and the workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandin is in favor of disbudding, as long as it's done quickly and with pain relief. \"It's just like the dentist — you've got to wait for the drugs to take effect,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PETA and The Humane Society are pushing for a different approach. They want dairy farms to breed more hornless, or polled, animals into their herds. Thanks to advances in genomic selection and DNA testing, farmers can more easily find animals that carry naturally occurring hornless genes and breed the best of these animals with horned cattle. To be clear, this isn't genetic modification but breeding, since the polled gene occurs naturally in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's really exciting is that the polled gene is a dominant gene. Right away you get at least 50 percent of offspring born without the horn gene. Right off the bat, 50 percent of animals are spared from this cruel procedure,\" says PETA spokesman Dave Byer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until recently, selecting for the hornless gene hasn't been a top priority for the dairy industry, which is more interested in traits like superior milk production, cow health and fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the past, there weren't very many polled bulls for farmers to choose from, so the ability to find one with good genetics for milk production and all the other traits was low,\" says Virginia Tech genetics professor Ben Dorshorst. That's changed now: \"It is easier to find a good one, and that gets even more farmers interested in using polled genetics,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorshorst recently conducted an analysis that revealed there are now twice as many polled dairy bulls for farmers to buy semen from than there were two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan Quanbury, whose company, DairyBullsOnline, specializes in polled dairy breeding, says he's seen that uptick in demand firsthand. \"Five years ago, people hardly knew polled dairy cattle existed. Today farmers are asking for polled bulls,\" he says. \"With increased awareness, there is increased demand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aurora Organic Dairy, which milks 19,000 cows in Colorado and Texas, began using polled genetics in its herd more than three years ago. Now nearly 70 percent of the farm's newborn calves are hornless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The main reason that we do a lot of these things at Aurora is because cow care, animal wellbeing, is our no. 1 priority. And we share what we're doing with our customers, and they love it,\" says Aurora's vice president, Juan Velez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_98864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 959px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg\" alt=\"Most of the milk sold in the US comes from Holstein dairy cows that are born with horns. To protect animals and workers, it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from calves soon after they're born.\" width=\"959\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-full wp-image-98864\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg 959w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-800x801.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 959px) 100vw, 959px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Most of the milk sold in the US comes from Holstein dairy cows that are born with horns. To protect animals and workers, it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from calves soon after they're born. \u003ccite>(Abbie Fentress Swanson for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Responding to calls from PETA, the Humane Society and concerned customers, many food manufacturers, retailers and restaurants are asking their suppliers to integrate more polled cattle into their herds. In July, the nation's largest supermarket, Kroger, \u003ca href=\"http://sustainability.kroger.com/supply-chain.html\">became the latest retailer to get on board\u003c/a>. Other companies with animal welfare policies that address dehorning and polled genetics in the supply chain include Starbucks, Sodexo, Dannon, Aramark, Nestlé, General Mills, Chipotle, Dunkin' Brands and Wal-Mart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these companies aren't requiring suppliers to act, and farms aren't exactly chomping at the bit to make their herds 100 percent polled. Fair Oaks Farms milks 15,000 cows in Indiana and is one of Kroger's largest milk suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We use very little polled breeding,\" says Fair Oaks president Mike McCloskey, because there aren't enough polled dairy bulls that carry the most desirable Holstein traits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As soon as bulls start catching up, you'll see dairy producers across the country using polled breeding, because we all would like to eliminate the process of dehorning,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also the question of cost. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=291629\">recent study from Purdue University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> found adopting polled genetics and phasing out dehorning may save farmers money in labor and veterinary costs. But polled genetics could also cost farmers lost profits if their hornless cattle produce less milk. Farmers may also have to pay a premium for hornless bull semen – a concern that keeps many farmers from making the jump to polled bulls, says Mark Kerndt, an analyst with the cattle reproduction company Select Sires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if all of America's dairy farms adopt polled genetics, it will be a while before all the milk we buy comes from cows born without horns. Since polled genes in Holsteins occur at a relatively low frequency, farmers and breeders fear inbreeding if they move too quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Maddox, who has 3,200 milking cows on his \u003ca href=\"http://www.maddoxdairy.com/new2011/\">California dairy\u003c/a>, is working hard to identify genetically polled animals in his herd. But he says it's slow going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to stay away from inbreeding, and we're trying to maintain the genetic levels we're at,\" Maddox says. \"You don't want to do it overnight, and you don't want to go back in genetics 20 or 30 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Abbie Fentress Swanson is a journalist based in Los Angeles. She covers agriculture, food production, science, health and the environment.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Most U.S. dairy cows are born with horns, but most farms remove them. Animal welfare groups say dehorning is cruel. Instead, they want ranchers to breed more hornless cattle into their herds.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1438637467,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1143},"headData":{"title":"Wanted: More Bulls With No Horns | KQED","description":"Most U.S. dairy cows are born with horns, but most farms remove them. Animal welfare groups say dehorning is cruel. Instead, they want ranchers to breed more hornless cattle into their herds.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Wanted: More Bulls With No Horns","datePublished":"2015-08-03T21:30:05.000Z","dateModified":"2015-08-03T21:31:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"98862 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=98862","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/08/03/wanted-more-bulls-with-no-horns/","disqusTitle":"Wanted: More Bulls With No Horns","nprByline":"Abbie Fentress Swanson, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprStoryId":"429024245","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=429024245&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/08/03/429024245/wanted-more-bulls-with-no-horns?ft=nprml&f=429024245","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 03 Aug 2015 16:54:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 03 Aug 2015 16:53:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 03 Aug 2015 16:54:01 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/98862/wanted-more-bulls-with-no-horns","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The next time you're in the dairy aisle at the supermarket, take a moment to imagine the animals that produced all that milk. Do these cows have horns? Chances are they do, or at least they did at birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About \u003ca href=\"http://www.hoards.com/T15july-breed-composition-trends\">85 percent of milk\u003c/a> sold in the United States comes from Holstein cows born with horns. But it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from cattle to prevent injuries to workers, veterinarians and other cows in the herd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Horned cattle: You get them on the truck, you get twice as many bruises when you get to the slaughterhouses. Bruises have to be cut out and thrown away,\" says Colorado State University professor and well-known animal advocate Temple Grandin. \"In the dairy industry, removing horns improves safety for the stock people and the farmworkers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone agrees with the practice of dehorning cattle. In recent years, animal welfare groups including The Humane Society and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) \u003ca href=\"http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/cows/dairy-industry/dehorning/http:/www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/cows/dairy-industry/dehorning/\">have called for \u003c/a> an end to horn removal in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their research shows it causes animals significant pain and stress, and that painkillers are rarely used during these procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, there are no national rules regarding how farms should remove horns from cattle. Many farms follow the guidelines of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/dehorning_cattle_bgnd.pdf\">American Veterinary Medical Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaldairyfarm.com/sites/default/files/FARM_manual_2013_WEB.pdf\">National Milk Producers Federation\u003c/a>, which recommend a practice called disbudding. Disbudding halts the growth of horn tissue in very young calves before pointy horns start to grow. Other dehorning techniques, like excising developing horns with metal scoops, are arguably harder on the cows and the workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandin is in favor of disbudding, as long as it's done quickly and with pain relief. \"It's just like the dentist — you've got to wait for the drugs to take effect,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PETA and The Humane Society are pushing for a different approach. They want dairy farms to breed more hornless, or polled, animals into their herds. Thanks to advances in genomic selection and DNA testing, farmers can more easily find animals that carry naturally occurring hornless genes and breed the best of these animals with horned cattle. To be clear, this isn't genetic modification but breeding, since the polled gene occurs naturally in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's really exciting is that the polled gene is a dominant gene. Right away you get at least 50 percent of offspring born without the horn gene. Right off the bat, 50 percent of animals are spared from this cruel procedure,\" says PETA spokesman Dave Byer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until recently, selecting for the hornless gene hasn't been a top priority for the dairy industry, which is more interested in traits like superior milk production, cow health and fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the past, there weren't very many polled bulls for farmers to choose from, so the ability to find one with good genetics for milk production and all the other traits was low,\" says Virginia Tech genetics professor Ben Dorshorst. That's changed now: \"It is easier to find a good one, and that gets even more farmers interested in using polled genetics,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorshorst recently conducted an analysis that revealed there are now twice as many polled dairy bulls for farmers to buy semen from than there were two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan Quanbury, whose company, DairyBullsOnline, specializes in polled dairy breeding, says he's seen that uptick in demand firsthand. \"Five years ago, people hardly knew polled dairy cattle existed. Today farmers are asking for polled bulls,\" he says. \"With increased awareness, there is increased demand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aurora Organic Dairy, which milks 19,000 cows in Colorado and Texas, began using polled genetics in its herd more than three years ago. Now nearly 70 percent of the farm's newborn calves are hornless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The main reason that we do a lot of these things at Aurora is because cow care, animal wellbeing, is our no. 1 priority. And we share what we're doing with our customers, and they love it,\" says Aurora's vice president, Juan Velez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_98864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 959px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg\" alt=\"Most of the milk sold in the US comes from Holstein dairy cows that are born with horns. To protect animals and workers, it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from calves soon after they're born.\" width=\"959\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-full wp-image-98864\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465.jpg 959w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-800x801.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/08/holstein-calf_sq-57e8b08f5f2dc59c919487b7b5f9dc7f57b81465-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 959px) 100vw, 959px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Most of the milk sold in the US comes from Holstein dairy cows that are born with horns. To protect animals and workers, it's standard practice for farms to remove horns from calves soon after they're born. \u003ccite>(Abbie Fentress Swanson for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Responding to calls from PETA, the Humane Society and concerned customers, many food manufacturers, retailers and restaurants are asking their suppliers to integrate more polled cattle into their herds. In July, the nation's largest supermarket, Kroger, \u003ca href=\"http://sustainability.kroger.com/supply-chain.html\">became the latest retailer to get on board\u003c/a>. Other companies with animal welfare policies that address dehorning and polled genetics in the supply chain include Starbucks, Sodexo, Dannon, Aramark, Nestlé, General Mills, Chipotle, Dunkin' Brands and Wal-Mart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these companies aren't requiring suppliers to act, and farms aren't exactly chomping at the bit to make their herds 100 percent polled. Fair Oaks Farms milks 15,000 cows in Indiana and is one of Kroger's largest milk suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We use very little polled breeding,\" says Fair Oaks president Mike McCloskey, because there aren't enough polled dairy bulls that carry the most desirable Holstein traits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As soon as bulls start catching up, you'll see dairy producers across the country using polled breeding, because we all would like to eliminate the process of dehorning,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also the question of cost. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=291629\">recent study from Purdue University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> found adopting polled genetics and phasing out dehorning may save farmers money in labor and veterinary costs. But polled genetics could also cost farmers lost profits if their hornless cattle produce less milk. Farmers may also have to pay a premium for hornless bull semen – a concern that keeps many farmers from making the jump to polled bulls, says Mark Kerndt, an analyst with the cattle reproduction company Select Sires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if all of America's dairy farms adopt polled genetics, it will be a while before all the milk we buy comes from cows born without horns. Since polled genes in Holsteins occur at a relatively low frequency, farmers and breeders fear inbreeding if they move too quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Maddox, who has 3,200 milking cows on his \u003ca href=\"http://www.maddoxdairy.com/new2011/\">California dairy\u003c/a>, is working hard to identify genetically polled animals in his herd. But he says it's slow going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to stay away from inbreeding, and we're trying to maintain the genetic levels we're at,\" Maddox says. \"You don't want to do it overnight, and you don't want to go back in genetics 20 or 30 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Abbie Fentress Swanson is a journalist based in Los Angeles. She covers agriculture, food production, science, health and the environment.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/98862/wanted-more-bulls-with-no-horns","authors":["byline_bayareabites_98862"],"categories":["bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_9541","bayareabites_14684","bayareabites_14686","bayareabites_13595","bayareabites_14685","bayareabites_14683"],"featImg":"bayareabites_98863","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_94170":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_94170","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"94170","score":null,"sort":[1426813163000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","publishDate":1426813163,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1426813163,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":806},"headData":{"title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next? | KQED","description":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","datePublished":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"94170 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=94170","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/03/19/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next/","disqusTitle":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"393848921","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=393848921&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next?ft=nprml&f=393848921","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 11:31:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:05 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","authors":["byline_bayareabites_94170"],"categories":["bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_8249","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_94171","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92953":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92953","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92953","score":null,"sort":[1423254847000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","title":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","publishDate":1423254847,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92954\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/6/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revelations about animal suffering at a federal animal research facility have sure gotten the attention of lawmakers on Capitol Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also prompted the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the facility through its \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, to name its first ever animal welfare ombudsman — as well as review and update its animal welfare strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read Michael Moss'\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=0\"> investigation\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> about research practices at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=30-40-05-00\">U.S. Meat Animal Research Center\u003c/a> in Nebraska, you might recall some of these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An experiment where pigs died after being locked in steam chambers. The goal of this taxpayer-funded study was to evaluate how varying temperatures influenced the pigs' appetites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A study that left lambs abandoned by their mothers in pastures to die of exposure or starvation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An account of the fetuses of 119 pigs being \"gently crushed\" during an experiment. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/01/20/dining/In-Quest-for-Pork-Painful-Experiments.html\">Times\u003c/a>, \"the aim was to see if empty space in the uterus affected the intervals between pregnancies. But trial results, published in 2011, were inconclusive.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Animal rights activists were outraged by these and other activities at the center over the past few decades. \"An American Horror Story\" is how Matthew Bershadker, president and CEO of the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals), \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\">dubbed\u003c/a> it.\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Louise Slaughter, a Democrat from New York, expressed alarm as well. In a letter to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, Slaughter wrote: \"Such heinous examples of egregious cruelty, which would violate the minimum standards of any approved research protocol ... should not occur anywhere for any reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> report points out, farm animals used in agricultural research are exempt from protections spelled out in the \u003ca href=\"http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-laws/animal-welfare-act\">Animal Welfare Act\u003c/a>. Many institutions, including universities and companies, that conduct research on animals abide by independent animal-welfare protocols. But the federal law has big loopholes, according to animal welfare advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughter is hoping to change the law. This week, Slaughter, along with a bipartisan group of co-sponsors, introduced a bill known as the Animal Welfare in Agricultural Research Endeavors (AWARE) Act. It aims to end exemptions from protections under the Animal Welfare Act for farm animals used in agricultural experiments at federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the co-sponsors of the legislation, \u003ca href=\"http://fitzpatrick.house.gov/\">Rep. Mike Fitzpatrick,\u003c/a> a Pennsylvania Republican, said in a statement: \"As stewards of taxpayer dollars, we felt a responsibility to present a legislative fix that holds the USDA to the same humane standards that countless research facilities across the country are held to.\"\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA issued a statement this week saying it is \"taking action to ensure animals are respected and treated humanely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=bio_woteki.xml\">Catherine Woteki\u003c/a>, undersecretary for research, education and economics at USDA, added in a statement that \"two of the research projects featured in the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> article had already been terminated,\" and \"some of the specific incidents described were from many years or decades ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement went on to say that Vilsack has ordered a review of research practices at the Nebraska center and other USDA research facilities. The agency says reviewers will provide recommendations to strengthen the procedures for humane handling of animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the strongest sign of growing accountability over animal welfare at the agency is the appointment of the agency's first animal welfare ombudsman. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=48042\">Chavonda Jacobs-Young\u003c/a>, the administrator of the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, informally named \u003ca href=\"http://ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=42447\">Eileen Thacker\u003c/a> — an ARS veterinarian — to the post. She announced the appointment in an email to ARS staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the email to her staff, Jacobs-Young wrote, \"Please remember we all own the responsibility for animal welfare; if you see something that disturbs you, please report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also announced the development of an updated animal welfare strategy within 60 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Lawmakers also introduced a bill to strengthen laws protecting farm animals used in research. Both moves come out of a \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> investigation of animal suffering at a federal research center.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1423254847,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":679},"headData":{"title":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review | KQED","description":"Lawmakers also introduced a bill to strengthen laws protecting farm animals used in research. Both moves come out of a New York Times investigation of animal suffering at a federal research center.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","datePublished":"2015-02-06T20:34:07.000Z","dateModified":"2015-02-06T20:34:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92953 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92953","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/02/06/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review/","disqusTitle":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","nprByline":"Allison Aubrey","nprStoryId":"384103870","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=384103870&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review?ft=nprml&f=384103870","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 14:17:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 12:07:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 14:17:55 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/92953/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92954\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/6/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revelations about animal suffering at a federal animal research facility have sure gotten the attention of lawmakers on Capitol Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also prompted the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the facility through its \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, to name its first ever animal welfare ombudsman — as well as review and update its animal welfare strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read Michael Moss'\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=0\"> investigation\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> about research practices at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=30-40-05-00\">U.S. Meat Animal Research Center\u003c/a> in Nebraska, you might recall some of these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An experiment where pigs died after being locked in steam chambers. The goal of this taxpayer-funded study was to evaluate how varying temperatures influenced the pigs' appetites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A study that left lambs abandoned by their mothers in pastures to die of exposure or starvation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An account of the fetuses of 119 pigs being \"gently crushed\" during an experiment. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/01/20/dining/In-Quest-for-Pork-Painful-Experiments.html\">Times\u003c/a>, \"the aim was to see if empty space in the uterus affected the intervals between pregnancies. But trial results, published in 2011, were inconclusive.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Animal rights activists were outraged by these and other activities at the center over the past few decades. \"An American Horror Story\" is how Matthew Bershadker, president and CEO of the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals), \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\">dubbed\u003c/a> it.\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Louise Slaughter, a Democrat from New York, expressed alarm as well. In a letter to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, Slaughter wrote: \"Such heinous examples of egregious cruelty, which would violate the minimum standards of any approved research protocol ... should not occur anywhere for any reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> report points out, farm animals used in agricultural research are exempt from protections spelled out in the \u003ca href=\"http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-laws/animal-welfare-act\">Animal Welfare Act\u003c/a>. Many institutions, including universities and companies, that conduct research on animals abide by independent animal-welfare protocols. But the federal law has big loopholes, according to animal welfare advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughter is hoping to change the law. This week, Slaughter, along with a bipartisan group of co-sponsors, introduced a bill known as the Animal Welfare in Agricultural Research Endeavors (AWARE) Act. It aims to end exemptions from protections under the Animal Welfare Act for farm animals used in agricultural experiments at federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the co-sponsors of the legislation, \u003ca href=\"http://fitzpatrick.house.gov/\">Rep. Mike Fitzpatrick,\u003c/a> a Pennsylvania Republican, said in a statement: \"As stewards of taxpayer dollars, we felt a responsibility to present a legislative fix that holds the USDA to the same humane standards that countless research facilities across the country are held to.\"\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA issued a statement this week saying it is \"taking action to ensure animals are respected and treated humanely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=bio_woteki.xml\">Catherine Woteki\u003c/a>, undersecretary for research, education and economics at USDA, added in a statement that \"two of the research projects featured in the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> article had already been terminated,\" and \"some of the specific incidents described were from many years or decades ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement went on to say that Vilsack has ordered a review of research practices at the Nebraska center and other USDA research facilities. The agency says reviewers will provide recommendations to strengthen the procedures for humane handling of animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the strongest sign of growing accountability over animal welfare at the agency is the appointment of the agency's first animal welfare ombudsman. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=48042\">Chavonda Jacobs-Young\u003c/a>, the administrator of the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, informally named \u003ca href=\"http://ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=42447\">Eileen Thacker\u003c/a> — an ARS veterinarian — to the post. She announced the appointment in an email to ARS staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the email to her staff, Jacobs-Young wrote, \"Please remember we all own the responsibility for animal welfare; if you see something that disturbs you, please report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also announced the development of an updated animal welfare strategy within 60 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92953/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92953"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_9172","bayareabites_3226","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_14134","bayareabites_8913"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92954","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. 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