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\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/news/author/pauline-bartolone/\" target=\"_blank\">Pauline Bartolone\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","isLoading":false},"byline_stateofhealth_323065":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_stateofhealth_323065","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_stateofhealth_323065","name":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/author/liz-szabo/\" target=\"_blank\">Liz Szabo \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/br>Kaiser Health News","isLoading":false},"byline_stateofhealth_320798":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_stateofhealth_320798","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_stateofhealth_320798","name":"Rebecca Hersher\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/\">NPR Shots\u003c/a> ","isLoading":false},"byline_stateofhealth_235292":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_stateofhealth_235292","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_stateofhealth_235292","name":"Angus Chen, NPR Shots","isLoading":false},"cfeibel":{"type":"authors","id":"11314","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11314","found":true},"name":"Carrie Feibel","firstName":"Carrie","lastName":"Feibel","slug":"cfeibel","email":"cfeibel@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Carrie Feibel is a former health editor at KQED, where she has also reported for radio and online. Her stories have appeared on the national NPR shows \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em>, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>, and \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>, and on the national website, Kaiser Health News. Her print career included stints at the \u003cem>Houston Chronicle\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The (Bergen) Record,\u003c/em> and the Associated Press in New York City. A native of St. Louis, Feibel attended Cornell University, and earned a master's in journalism from Columbia University.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c64a7e3c9a910e1bffd4ad32a5264aa9?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"KQEDHealth","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Carrie Feibel | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c64a7e3c9a910e1bffd4ad32a5264aa9?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c64a7e3c9a910e1bffd4ad32a5264aa9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cfeibel"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"stateofhealth_328856":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_328856","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"328856","score":null,"sort":[1494536408000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-measure-aims-to-limit-drugmakers-influence-on-doctors","title":"California Measure Aims To Limit Drugmakers’ Influence On Doctors","publishDate":1494536408,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Healthline | State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":3036,"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>A new California bill aims to reduce the pharmaceutical industry’s influence in medical decision-making by restricting payments and gifts from drug companies to doctors and other medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Mike McGuire (D-Healdsburg), who \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authored the bill\u003c/a>, said that when drugmakers woo physicians with meals and other enticements they generate brand loyalty, which can raise health care costs and even compromise patient safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire’s bill would limit drug company payments to health care providers — including cash and gifts of food, travel or entertainment — mostly to educational and scientific purposes, such as seminars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Financial incentives change minds,” said McGuire, who cited a \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/doctors-who-take-company-cash-tend-to-prescribe-more-brand-name-drugs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news media report\u003c/a> showing that doctors who accepted money or meals from the pharmaceutical industry were two to three times more likely to prescribe high-priced brand-name drugs than those who did not accept such benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"related\">\u003cfigcaption>Use Our Content\u003c/figcaption>\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">This story can be republished for free (\u003ca href=\"/syndication/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details\u003c/a>).\u003c/div>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brand-name drugs \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resourcesforyou/consumers/buyingusingmedicinesafely/understandinggenericdrugs/ucm167991.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tend to be pricier\u003c/a> than generic drugs, even though research shows they are not necessarily more effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed measure would allow pharmaceutical companies to continue paying health care professionals for their work on clinical trials and other scientific research. And the industry could continue to sponsor educational events, as long as they were not for the purpose of promoting specific products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors would still be allowed to accept free drug samples and take up to $250-a-year’s worth of food paid for by companies. But drugmakers could be slapped with a $10,000 state fine if they pay a physician, or cover the cost of a flight, hotel room or entertainment for purely promotional purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors can receive hundreds of thousands of dollars from drug companies, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/a-pharma-payment-a-day-keeps-docs-finances-ok\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ProPublica investigation\u003c/a>. One New Hampshire nephrologist received more than a half-million dollars in speaking and consulting fees, and a Brooklyn-based psychiatrist prescribed much higher rates of brand-name drugs while receiving $53,400 from drug companies, according to ProPublica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), the drug industry’s primary trade association, opposes McGuire’s measure, arguing that the legislation could compromise communication with companies that helps doctors stay up to date on medication safety and effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Information provided by drugmakers “may inform a physician’s prescribing decisions as they weigh the best options for their patients,” said Holly Campbell, a PhRMA senior director for public affairs, in an emailed statement. “Collaboration between biopharmaceutical companies and physicians not only helps advance patient care, but is essential in the development of new treatments and diagnostics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including Consumers Union and Health Access, support the bill, saying it could lower drug costs by reducing incentives for doctors to prescribe higher-cost brand-name drugs when cheaper generic drugs are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2520679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2016 survey\u003c/a> of more than 107,000 health care consumers showed that about $73 billion from 2010 to 2012 was spent unnecessarily on brand-name drugs in cases where generic medications were available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocates also say cutting pharmaceutical industry ties with doctors will make patients safer because providers will be more likely to prescribe based on medical evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2017/prescribing-patterns-change-following-direct-marketing-restrictions.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new study\u003c/a> published in JAMA found that doctors at academic medical centers that have restricted financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry prescribed fewer medications promoted by drug companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states and the District of Columbia already restrict pharmaceutical gifts to health care providers, according to Sen. McGuire and \u003ca href=\"http://www.policymed.com/2014/04/physician-payments-sunshine-act-review-of-individual-state-reporting-requirements.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical education researchers.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health care providers received more money from pharmaceutical companies in 2014-15 — about $1.4 billion — than their counterparts in any other state, according to \u003ca href=\"https://projects.propublica.org/docdollars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ProPublica\u003c/a>. But some health providers in California already ban company payments and gifts to their staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.providers.kaiserpermanente.org/info_assets/cpp_cod/cod_principlesofresponsibility.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Permanente\u003c/a>, which covers more than 8 million Californians, does not allow employees involved in drug-buying decisions to accept gifts from the industry, and some physicians are restricted from accepting anything of value from the industry. (Kaiser Health News, which produces California Healthline, is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospitals and clinics of the University of California-San Francisco does not allow faculty, staff or students to receive gifts from the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UCSF wishes to minimize such conflicts and to ensure to the best of its ability that all decisions regarding clinical care, research activities and educational content are unbiased and independent of outside influence,” according to its \u003ca href=\"https://policies.ucsf.edu/policy/150-30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">written policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill will next be heard in the Senate Appropriations Committee on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The bill would limit drug company payments to health care providers — including cash and gifts of food, travel or entertainment — mostly to educational and scientific purposes, such as seminars.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1494529148,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":759},"headData":{"title":"California Measure Aims To Limit Drugmakers’ Influence On Doctors | KQED","description":"The bill would limit drug company payments to health care providers — including cash and gifts of food, travel or entertainment — mostly to educational and scientific purposes, such as seminars.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Measure Aims To Limit Drugmakers’ Influence On Doctors","datePublished":"2017-05-11T21:00:08.000Z","dateModified":"2017-05-11T18:59:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"328856 https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=328856","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/05/11/california-measure-aims-to-limit-drugmakers-influence-on-doctors/","disqusTitle":"California Measure Aims To Limit Drugmakers’ Influence On Doctors","nprByline":"\u003cstrong> \u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/news/author/pauline-bartolone/\" target=\"_blank\">Pauline Bartolone\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/stateofhealth/328856/california-measure-aims-to-limit-drugmakers-influence-on-doctors","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new California bill aims to reduce the pharmaceutical industry’s influence in medical decision-making by restricting payments and gifts from drug companies to doctors and other medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Mike McGuire (D-Healdsburg), who \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authored the bill\u003c/a>, said that when drugmakers woo physicians with meals and other enticements they generate brand loyalty, which can raise health care costs and even compromise patient safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire’s bill would limit drug company payments to health care providers — including cash and gifts of food, travel or entertainment — mostly to educational and scientific purposes, such as seminars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Financial incentives change minds,” said McGuire, who cited a \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/doctors-who-take-company-cash-tend-to-prescribe-more-brand-name-drugs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news media report\u003c/a> showing that doctors who accepted money or meals from the pharmaceutical industry were two to three times more likely to prescribe high-priced brand-name drugs than those who did not accept such benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"related\">\u003cfigcaption>Use Our Content\u003c/figcaption>\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">This story can be republished for free (\u003ca href=\"/syndication/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details\u003c/a>).\u003c/div>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brand-name drugs \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resourcesforyou/consumers/buyingusingmedicinesafely/understandinggenericdrugs/ucm167991.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tend to be pricier\u003c/a> than generic drugs, even though research shows they are not necessarily more effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed measure would allow pharmaceutical companies to continue paying health care professionals for their work on clinical trials and other scientific research. And the industry could continue to sponsor educational events, as long as they were not for the purpose of promoting specific products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors would still be allowed to accept free drug samples and take up to $250-a-year’s worth of food paid for by companies. But drugmakers could be slapped with a $10,000 state fine if they pay a physician, or cover the cost of a flight, hotel room or entertainment for purely promotional purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors can receive hundreds of thousands of dollars from drug companies, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/a-pharma-payment-a-day-keeps-docs-finances-ok\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ProPublica investigation\u003c/a>. One New Hampshire nephrologist received more than a half-million dollars in speaking and consulting fees, and a Brooklyn-based psychiatrist prescribed much higher rates of brand-name drugs while receiving $53,400 from drug companies, according to ProPublica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), the drug industry’s primary trade association, opposes McGuire’s measure, arguing that the legislation could compromise communication with companies that helps doctors stay up to date on medication safety and effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Information provided by drugmakers “may inform a physician’s prescribing decisions as they weigh the best options for their patients,” said Holly Campbell, a PhRMA senior director for public affairs, in an emailed statement. “Collaboration between biopharmaceutical companies and physicians not only helps advance patient care, but is essential in the development of new treatments and diagnostics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including Consumers Union and Health Access, support the bill, saying it could lower drug costs by reducing incentives for doctors to prescribe higher-cost brand-name drugs when cheaper generic drugs are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2520679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2016 survey\u003c/a> of more than 107,000 health care consumers showed that about $73 billion from 2010 to 2012 was spent unnecessarily on brand-name drugs in cases where generic medications were available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocates also say cutting pharmaceutical industry ties with doctors will make patients safer because providers will be more likely to prescribe based on medical evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2017/prescribing-patterns-change-following-direct-marketing-restrictions.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new study\u003c/a> published in JAMA found that doctors at academic medical centers that have restricted financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry prescribed fewer medications promoted by drug companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states and the District of Columbia already restrict pharmaceutical gifts to health care providers, according to Sen. McGuire and \u003ca href=\"http://www.policymed.com/2014/04/physician-payments-sunshine-act-review-of-individual-state-reporting-requirements.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical education researchers.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health care providers received more money from pharmaceutical companies in 2014-15 — about $1.4 billion — than their counterparts in any other state, according to \u003ca href=\"https://projects.propublica.org/docdollars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ProPublica\u003c/a>. But some health providers in California already ban company payments and gifts to their staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.providers.kaiserpermanente.org/info_assets/cpp_cod/cod_principlesofresponsibility.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Permanente\u003c/a>, which covers more than 8 million Californians, does not allow employees involved in drug-buying decisions to accept gifts from the industry, and some physicians are restricted from accepting anything of value from the industry. (Kaiser Health News, which produces California Healthline, is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospitals and clinics of the University of California-San Francisco does not allow faculty, staff or students to receive gifts from the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UCSF wishes to minimize such conflicts and to ensure to the best of its ability that all decisions regarding clinical care, research activities and educational content are unbiased and independent of outside influence,” according to its \u003ca href=\"https://policies.ucsf.edu/policy/150-30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">written policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill will next be heard in the Senate Appropriations Committee on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/328856/california-measure-aims-to-limit-drugmakers-influence-on-doctors","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_328856"],"categories":["stateofhealth_14"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2892","stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_3103"],"affiliates":["stateofhealth_3036"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_3456","label":"stateofhealth_3036"},"stateofhealth_323065":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_323065","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"323065","score":null,"sort":[1493312653000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"hype-offers-hope-and-risks-to-cancer-patients","title":"Hype Offers Hope -- and Risks -- to Cancer Patients","publishDate":1493312653,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>After Michael Uvanni’s older brother, James, was diagnosed with a deadly form of skin cancer, it seemed as if everyone told the family what they wanted to hear: Have hope. You can beat this, and we are here to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brothers met with doctors at a half-dozen of the country’s best hospitals, all with impressive credentials that inspired confidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Uvanni was in awe when he visited the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, one of the world’s most respected cancer hospitals. It was like seeing the Grand Canyon, said Uvanni, 66, of Rome, N.Y. “You never get used to the size and scope.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the MD Anderson logo on buses and buildings — with “Cancer” crossed out in red, above the words “Making cancer history” — made the family’s battle seem winnable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to save him,” said Uvanni, an interior designer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients and families are bombarded with the news that the country is winning the war against cancer. The news media hypes research results to attract readers. Drug companies promise “a chance to live longer” to boost sales. Hospitals woo paying customers with ads that appeal to patients’ fears and hopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m starting to hear more and more that we are better than I think we really are,” said Dr. Otis Brawley, chief medical officer at the American Cancer Society. “We’re starting to believe our own bullshit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The consequences are real — and they can be deadly. Patients and their families have bought into treatments that either don’t work, cost a fortune or cause life-threatening side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of patients who spend their families into bankruptcy getting a hyped therapy that [many] know is worthless,” Brawley said. Some choose a medicine that “has a lot of hype around it and unfortunately lose their chance for a cure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although scientists have made important strides in recent years, and many early-stage cancers can now be cured, most of those with advanced cancer eventually die of their disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Uvanni, hope gave way to crushing disappointment when his brother’s health declined and he died from metastatic melanoma in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get your hopes up, and then you are dropped off the edge of a cliff,” said Uvanni. “That’s the worst thing in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caregivers like Uvanni can suffer prolonged grief and guilt if their loved ones are riddled with side effects and don’t survive as long as the family expected, noted Holly Prigerson, co-director of the Center for Research on End-of-Life Care at Weill Cornell Medical College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, researchers have rolled out new cancer therapies with great fanfare, announcing that science has at last found a key to ending one of the world’s great plagues, said Dr. Vinay Prasad, an assistant professor of medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. When such efforts fail to live up to expectations, the cancer world simply moves on to the next big idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyping early scientific results — based on lab tests or animal studies — can attract investors that allow researchers to continue their work. Positive results can lead biotech firms to be bought out by larger drug companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s in the interest of almost every stakeholder in the health system to be optimistic about these therapies,” said Dr. Walid Gellad, co-director of the Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Prescribing at the University of Pittsburgh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, there is plenty of money to be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. spent nearly $88 billion treating cancer in 2014, with patients paying nearly $4 billion out-of-pocket, according to the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network. Spending on cancer, a disease that most afflicts the aging, is predicted to soar as people live longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While many people are trying to make patients’ lives healthier and longer and better, there are others that are exploiting their vulnerability,” said Dr. Leonard Saltz, chief of the gastrointestinal oncology service at New York’s Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others argue that the excitement about cancer research is justified. A spokeswoman for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry group, said cancer patients have good reason for optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to see great strides in identifying the genetic mutations and related factors that can drive the seemingly random formation of abnormal cells in cancer,” spokeswoman Holly Campbell said in a statement. “In the last decade, we’ve seen a number of scientific advances transform the landscape of many cancers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Promises To Cure Abound\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven the country’s top scientists sometimes get carried away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, Nobel laureate James Watson — who co-discovered the structure of DNA — told The New York Times that scientists would “cure cancer in two years” using drugs that block tumor blood supplies. At that time, the drugs had succeeded only in mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the director of the National Cancer Institute, Dr. Andrew von Eschenbach, announced a goal of “eliminating suffering and death due to cancer by 2015” by better understanding tumor genetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, when President Barack Obama announced the Cancer Moonshot, which aims to accelerate and better coordinate research, he said, “Let’s make America the country that cures cancer once and for all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview, von Eschenbach acknowledged he didn’t communicate his goal well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all fall into that trap,” said von Eschenbach, now a senior fellow at the Milken Institute, a health and public policy think tank. “We’re offering what we have, but making it appear that it’s more than what it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s easy to see how patients’ hopes are raised, said Timothy Turnham, former executive director at the Melanoma Research Foundation, an advocacy group. Researchers are frequently overly enthusiastic about early discoveries that have little chance of leading to a new drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a disconnect between what researchers think is statistically significant and what is really significant for patients,” Turnham said. “Patients hear ‘progress,’ and they think that means they’re going to be cured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Marketing Blitz\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nUvanni said his brother’s experience was nothing like the sunny images in TV commercials, in which smiling cancer patients hug their grandchildren, hike in the mountains and lead dance classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A TV commercial for the Bristol-Myers Squibb drug Opdivo projects the words “a chance to live longer” on the side of skyscrapers, as a captivated crowd looks on. In much smaller type, a footnote reveals that lung cancer patients taking Opdivo lived just 3.2 months longer than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A TV ad for Merck’s Keytruda features reassuring images of a smiling, healthy patient hugging her family — not fighting for breath or struggling to walk. Although the commercial notes that the people in the ad are portrayed by actors, the commercial claims the drug provides “a chance for a longer life. It’s Tru.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your heart sinks when you see those ads,” Uvanni said. Seeing the family depicted in the ad, he said “makes you wonder if they’re going down the same path that we did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Keytruda ad notes that 71 percent of patients given the drug were alive “at the time of patient follow-up,” compared with 58 percent of those who received chemotherapy. The ad doesn’t mention that the “time of follow-up” was 11 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not false; it’s just incomplete,” said pharmacist Harold DeMonaco, a visiting scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. “They don’t give patients or the patients’ family enough information to make a reasonable decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Merck senior vice president Jill DeSimone said that the company aims to be responsible with its advertising, noting that the Keytruda ad reminds patients to talk to their doctors. “The physician is the ultimate decider on treatment,” DeSimone said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Bristol-Myers’ senior vice president Teresa Bitetti said that Opdivo ads play “an important role in educating patients about new treatment options and fostering informed conversations between patients and their doctors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals also have drawn criticism for overstating their success in treating cancer. In 1996, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, a for-profit chain, settled allegations from the Federal Trade Commission that “they made false and unsubstantiated claims in advertising and promoting their cancer treatments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s current commercials — dozens of which are featured on their website — boast of offering “genomic testing” and “precision cancer treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commercials don’t tell patients that these tests — which aim to pair cancer patients with drugs that target the specific mutations in their tumors — are rarely successful, Prasad said. In clinical trials, these tests have matched only 6.4 percent of patients with a drug, according to Prasad’s 2016 article in Nature. Because these drugs only manage to shrink a fraction of tumors, Prasad estimates that just 1.5 percent of patients actually benefit from precision oncology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Cancer Treatment Centers of America said, “We use national media to help educate cancer patients and their families about the latest diagnostic tools and treatment options. … All of our advertising undergoes meticulous review for clinical accuracy as well as legal approval to ensure we tell our story in an informative and responsible manner, and in compliance with federal guidelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending on ads for hospitals that treat cancer soared 220 percent from $54 million in 2005 to $173 million in 2014, according to a 2016 article in JAMA Internal Medicine. Ads for Cancer Treatment Centers of America accounted for nearly 60 percent of all total cancer center advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Targeting Melanoma\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFor more than a decade, the Food and Drug Administration approved no new treatments for metastatic melanoma. Patients typically died within a year of diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2011, however, the FDA has approved 11 new treatments, including several immunotherapies, which aim to harness the immune system to fight cancer. Last year, doctors leading a clinical trial announced that the median survival of patients taking the drug Keytruda had grown to two years. Forty percent of patients were alive three years later, according to the clinical trial, presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have tested immunotherapies against a variety of tumors, leading to approvals in lung cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such success has led doctors to label cancer immunotherapy as a “game changer.” Newspapers and magazines call it a “breakthrough.” And hospitals laud them as “a miracle in the making.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet these treatments — which were initially assumed to be gentler than chemotherapy — can provoke fatal immune system attacks on the lungs, kidneys, heart and other organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are no approved immunotherapies for tumors of the breast, colon, prostate and pancreas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 10 percent of all cancer patients can expect to benefit from immunotherapy, Prasad said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uvanni’s brother — who tried immunotherapy, as well as a number of other approved and experimental treatments — survived 3½ years after his diagnosis. That might lead many oncologists to describe his story as a success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uvanni sees no reason to celebrate. He wanted more than short-term survival for his brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought we were going to have a treatment where we’d at least have a good block of quality time,” Uvanni said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But treatments meant to control the cancer only made him sick. Some caused flu-like symptoms, with fever, chills and shakes. Others left him nauseated, unable to eat or move his bowels. Others caused dangerous infections that sent him to the emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that if something like that happens to me,” Uvanni said, “I would be strong enough to say no to treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Patients and their families have bought into treatments that either don’t work, cost a fortune or cause life-threatening side effects.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1493338808,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":56,"wordCount":2090},"headData":{"title":"Hype Offers Hope -- and Risks -- to Cancer Patients | KQED","description":"Patients and their families have bought into treatments that either don’t work, cost a fortune or cause life-threatening side effects.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Hype Offers Hope -- and Risks -- to Cancer Patients","datePublished":"2017-04-27T17:04:13.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-28T00:20:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"323065 https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=323065","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/04/27/hype-offers-hope-and-risks-to-cancer-patients/","disqusTitle":"Hype Offers Hope -- and Risks -- to Cancer Patients","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/author/liz-szabo/\" target=\"_blank\">Liz Szabo \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/br>Kaiser Health News","path":"/stateofhealth/323065/hype-offers-hope-and-risks-to-cancer-patients","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After Michael Uvanni’s older brother, James, was diagnosed with a deadly form of skin cancer, it seemed as if everyone told the family what they wanted to hear: Have hope. You can beat this, and we are here to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brothers met with doctors at a half-dozen of the country’s best hospitals, all with impressive credentials that inspired confidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Uvanni was in awe when he visited the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, one of the world’s most respected cancer hospitals. It was like seeing the Grand Canyon, said Uvanni, 66, of Rome, N.Y. “You never get used to the size and scope.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the MD Anderson logo on buses and buildings — with “Cancer” crossed out in red, above the words “Making cancer history” — made the family’s battle seem winnable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to save him,” said Uvanni, an interior designer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients and families are bombarded with the news that the country is winning the war against cancer. The news media hypes research results to attract readers. Drug companies promise “a chance to live longer” to boost sales. Hospitals woo paying customers with ads that appeal to patients’ fears and hopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m starting to hear more and more that we are better than I think we really are,” said Dr. Otis Brawley, chief medical officer at the American Cancer Society. “We’re starting to believe our own bullshit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The consequences are real — and they can be deadly. Patients and their families have bought into treatments that either don’t work, cost a fortune or cause life-threatening side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of patients who spend their families into bankruptcy getting a hyped therapy that [many] know is worthless,” Brawley said. Some choose a medicine that “has a lot of hype around it and unfortunately lose their chance for a cure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although scientists have made important strides in recent years, and many early-stage cancers can now be cured, most of those with advanced cancer eventually die of their disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Uvanni, hope gave way to crushing disappointment when his brother’s health declined and he died from metastatic melanoma in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get your hopes up, and then you are dropped off the edge of a cliff,” said Uvanni. “That’s the worst thing in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caregivers like Uvanni can suffer prolonged grief and guilt if their loved ones are riddled with side effects and don’t survive as long as the family expected, noted Holly Prigerson, co-director of the Center for Research on End-of-Life Care at Weill Cornell Medical College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, researchers have rolled out new cancer therapies with great fanfare, announcing that science has at last found a key to ending one of the world’s great plagues, said Dr. Vinay Prasad, an assistant professor of medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. When such efforts fail to live up to expectations, the cancer world simply moves on to the next big idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyping early scientific results — based on lab tests or animal studies — can attract investors that allow researchers to continue their work. Positive results can lead biotech firms to be bought out by larger drug companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s in the interest of almost every stakeholder in the health system to be optimistic about these therapies,” said Dr. Walid Gellad, co-director of the Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Prescribing at the University of Pittsburgh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, there is plenty of money to be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. spent nearly $88 billion treating cancer in 2014, with patients paying nearly $4 billion out-of-pocket, according to the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network. Spending on cancer, a disease that most afflicts the aging, is predicted to soar as people live longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While many people are trying to make patients’ lives healthier and longer and better, there are others that are exploiting their vulnerability,” said Dr. Leonard Saltz, chief of the gastrointestinal oncology service at New York’s Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others argue that the excitement about cancer research is justified. A spokeswoman for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry group, said cancer patients have good reason for optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to see great strides in identifying the genetic mutations and related factors that can drive the seemingly random formation of abnormal cells in cancer,” spokeswoman Holly Campbell said in a statement. “In the last decade, we’ve seen a number of scientific advances transform the landscape of many cancers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Promises To Cure Abound\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven the country’s top scientists sometimes get carried away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, Nobel laureate James Watson — who co-discovered the structure of DNA — told The New York Times that scientists would “cure cancer in two years” using drugs that block tumor blood supplies. At that time, the drugs had succeeded only in mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the director of the National Cancer Institute, Dr. Andrew von Eschenbach, announced a goal of “eliminating suffering and death due to cancer by 2015” by better understanding tumor genetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, when President Barack Obama announced the Cancer Moonshot, which aims to accelerate and better coordinate research, he said, “Let’s make America the country that cures cancer once and for all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview, von Eschenbach acknowledged he didn’t communicate his goal well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all fall into that trap,” said von Eschenbach, now a senior fellow at the Milken Institute, a health and public policy think tank. “We’re offering what we have, but making it appear that it’s more than what it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s easy to see how patients’ hopes are raised, said Timothy Turnham, former executive director at the Melanoma Research Foundation, an advocacy group. Researchers are frequently overly enthusiastic about early discoveries that have little chance of leading to a new drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a disconnect between what researchers think is statistically significant and what is really significant for patients,” Turnham said. “Patients hear ‘progress,’ and they think that means they’re going to be cured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Marketing Blitz\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nUvanni said his brother’s experience was nothing like the sunny images in TV commercials, in which smiling cancer patients hug their grandchildren, hike in the mountains and lead dance classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A TV commercial for the Bristol-Myers Squibb drug Opdivo projects the words “a chance to live longer” on the side of skyscrapers, as a captivated crowd looks on. In much smaller type, a footnote reveals that lung cancer patients taking Opdivo lived just 3.2 months longer than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A TV ad for Merck’s Keytruda features reassuring images of a smiling, healthy patient hugging her family — not fighting for breath or struggling to walk. Although the commercial notes that the people in the ad are portrayed by actors, the commercial claims the drug provides “a chance for a longer life. It’s Tru.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your heart sinks when you see those ads,” Uvanni said. Seeing the family depicted in the ad, he said “makes you wonder if they’re going down the same path that we did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Keytruda ad notes that 71 percent of patients given the drug were alive “at the time of patient follow-up,” compared with 58 percent of those who received chemotherapy. The ad doesn’t mention that the “time of follow-up” was 11 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not false; it’s just incomplete,” said pharmacist Harold DeMonaco, a visiting scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. “They don’t give patients or the patients’ family enough information to make a reasonable decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Merck senior vice president Jill DeSimone said that the company aims to be responsible with its advertising, noting that the Keytruda ad reminds patients to talk to their doctors. “The physician is the ultimate decider on treatment,” DeSimone said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Bristol-Myers’ senior vice president Teresa Bitetti said that Opdivo ads play “an important role in educating patients about new treatment options and fostering informed conversations between patients and their doctors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals also have drawn criticism for overstating their success in treating cancer. In 1996, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, a for-profit chain, settled allegations from the Federal Trade Commission that “they made false and unsubstantiated claims in advertising and promoting their cancer treatments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s current commercials — dozens of which are featured on their website — boast of offering “genomic testing” and “precision cancer treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commercials don’t tell patients that these tests — which aim to pair cancer patients with drugs that target the specific mutations in their tumors — are rarely successful, Prasad said. In clinical trials, these tests have matched only 6.4 percent of patients with a drug, according to Prasad’s 2016 article in Nature. Because these drugs only manage to shrink a fraction of tumors, Prasad estimates that just 1.5 percent of patients actually benefit from precision oncology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Cancer Treatment Centers of America said, “We use national media to help educate cancer patients and their families about the latest diagnostic tools and treatment options. … All of our advertising undergoes meticulous review for clinical accuracy as well as legal approval to ensure we tell our story in an informative and responsible manner, and in compliance with federal guidelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending on ads for hospitals that treat cancer soared 220 percent from $54 million in 2005 to $173 million in 2014, according to a 2016 article in JAMA Internal Medicine. Ads for Cancer Treatment Centers of America accounted for nearly 60 percent of all total cancer center advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Targeting Melanoma\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFor more than a decade, the Food and Drug Administration approved no new treatments for metastatic melanoma. Patients typically died within a year of diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2011, however, the FDA has approved 11 new treatments, including several immunotherapies, which aim to harness the immune system to fight cancer. Last year, doctors leading a clinical trial announced that the median survival of patients taking the drug Keytruda had grown to two years. Forty percent of patients were alive three years later, according to the clinical trial, presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have tested immunotherapies against a variety of tumors, leading to approvals in lung cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such success has led doctors to label cancer immunotherapy as a “game changer.” Newspapers and magazines call it a “breakthrough.” And hospitals laud them as “a miracle in the making.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet these treatments — which were initially assumed to be gentler than chemotherapy — can provoke fatal immune system attacks on the lungs, kidneys, heart and other organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are no approved immunotherapies for tumors of the breast, colon, prostate and pancreas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 10 percent of all cancer patients can expect to benefit from immunotherapy, Prasad said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uvanni’s brother — who tried immunotherapy, as well as a number of other approved and experimental treatments — survived 3½ years after his diagnosis. That might lead many oncologists to describe his story as a success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uvanni sees no reason to celebrate. He wanted more than short-term survival for his brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought we were going to have a treatment where we’d at least have a good block of quality time,” Uvanni said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But treatments meant to control the cancer only made him sick. Some caused flu-like symptoms, with fever, chills and shakes. Others left him nauseated, unable to eat or move his bowels. Others caused dangerous infections that sent him to the emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that if something like that happens to me,” Uvanni said, “I would be strong enough to say no to treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/323065/hype-offers-hope-and-risks-to-cancer-patients","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_323065"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2407","stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_3095","stateofhealth_16","stateofhealth_2892","stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_73","stateofhealth_3093","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_3094"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_323067","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_320798":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_320798","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"320798","score":null,"sort":[1492793492000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"kids-should-not-take-drugs-containing-codeine-or-tramadol-fda-says","title":"Kids Should Not Take Drugs Containing Codeine or Tramadol, FDA Says","publishDate":1492793492,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration says children under 12 should not be given prescription medicines that contain codeine or another narcotic, tramadol, and that such drugs can also be dangerous to youth between 12 and 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the FDA said it will require that prescription drugs containing codeine or tramadol carry a warning on the label against using them in children under 12 or in women who are breast-feeding. The agency cited evidence that the drugs could cause dangerously slowed breathing in some children, which could lead to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple prescription drugs contain codeine or tramadol. For example, the painkiller Tylenol 3 contains acetaminophen and codeine. Drugs containing codeine already carry a black-box warning against using it to treat pain in children who have their tonsils removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something we've been watching for several years,\" says Douglas Throckmorton, the deputy director for regulatory programs at the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. \"They are powerful, effective medicines when used right [but] they can cause a lot of harm when they're not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also warned against using the drugs in young people between 12 and 18 who are obese or have breathing problems such as sleep apnea or lung disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new warnings did not further restrict over-the-counter medicines that contain codeine, such as popular types of cough syrup and medication marketed for cold and flu symptoms. The FDA recommends that parents talk to a doctor before giving their children such drugs and notes that colds and coughs in kids \"are generally mild and go away in a few days, so they may not need to take any medicine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday's announcement was a partial acceptance of 2015 recommendations by an independent advisory committee that recommended the agency restrict prescription of codeine-containing drugs for children and also voted overwhelmingly against over-the-counter sale of codeine-containing cough syrup for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, pharmacist Maria Pruchnicki, an associate professor at the Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, told NPR's Rob Stein, \"My concern, were I to be prescribing codeine in children, would be that I would, frankly, kill them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Stein reported, the FDA is not required to follow the committee's 2015 advice, although the agency generally acts in line with advisory committee recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, the agency did act on prescription drugs but did not act on the over-the-counter recommendation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear why more than a year passed between the committee recommendations and their partial adoption by the agency. In a press briefing, Throckmorton said the agency had received \"additional information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diana Zuckerman, president of the consumer group National Center for Health Research, called the move a \"long-overdue step to protect our children\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The science is clear, so why did it take almost 18 months since the FDA's public meeting on the exact same issue? FDA needs to do more to warn patients about the known risks of medical products as soon as data are available. A change in the label is important, but unfortunately many doctors and patients don't read these labels. We need a public education campaign to warn parents and nursing women about these risks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, the FDA acknowledged that although tramadol is not approved for use in children, it is used off-label to treat pain in kids. In that warning, the agency noted that some people are what's known as ultra-rapid metabolizers of tramadol and codeine. Those people have a variant of a liver enzyme that breaks down the drugs more quickly, leading to a rapid and potentially dangerous spike in the level of active opioids in the bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drugs can make their way into breast milk in nursing mothers and potentially harm infants, the FDA warns. The proportion of people with the enzyme variant, which is genetic, is thought to be between 1 and 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because we can't easily determine which children or nursing mothers specifically are at greater risk of ultra-rapid metabolism of codeine or tramadol, we are requiring manufacturers ... to make important labeling changes to protect those children who are at the greatest risk,\" explains Throckmorton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for future action on over-the-counter medicines that contain codeine, the American Academy of Pediatrics has made its position clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a report published last year in the journal Pediatrics, members of the academy's committee on drugs wrote that although over-the-counter cough and cold medicines containing codeine were available in 28 states and Washington, D.C., \"neither the value of suppressing cough nor the effectiveness of codeine in children with acute illnesses has been shown.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators in Europe, Canada and Australia have all restricted the use of medicines containing codeine for children. According to the FDA's public label database, more than 100 medications containing codeine are approved for sale without a prescription in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The drugs, used to treat things like coughs or pain, could cause dangerously slowed breathing in some children.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492793784,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":827},"headData":{"title":"Kids Should Not Take Drugs Containing Codeine or Tramadol, FDA Says | KQED","description":"The drugs, used to treat things like coughs or pain, could cause dangerously slowed breathing in some children.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Kids Should Not Take Drugs Containing Codeine or Tramadol, FDA Says","datePublished":"2017-04-21T16:51:32.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-21T16:56:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"320798 https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=320798","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/04/21/kids-should-not-take-drugs-containing-codeine-or-tramadol-fda-says/","disqusTitle":"Kids Should Not Take Drugs Containing Codeine or Tramadol, FDA Says","nprByline":"Rebecca Hersher\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/\">NPR Shots\u003c/a> ","path":"/stateofhealth/320798/kids-should-not-take-drugs-containing-codeine-or-tramadol-fda-says","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration says children under 12 should not be given prescription medicines that contain codeine or another narcotic, tramadol, and that such drugs can also be dangerous to youth between 12 and 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the FDA said it will require that prescription drugs containing codeine or tramadol carry a warning on the label against using them in children under 12 or in women who are breast-feeding. The agency cited evidence that the drugs could cause dangerously slowed breathing in some children, which could lead to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple prescription drugs contain codeine or tramadol. For example, the painkiller Tylenol 3 contains acetaminophen and codeine. Drugs containing codeine already carry a black-box warning against using it to treat pain in children who have their tonsils removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something we've been watching for several years,\" says Douglas Throckmorton, the deputy director for regulatory programs at the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. \"They are powerful, effective medicines when used right [but] they can cause a lot of harm when they're not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also warned against using the drugs in young people between 12 and 18 who are obese or have breathing problems such as sleep apnea or lung disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new warnings did not further restrict over-the-counter medicines that contain codeine, such as popular types of cough syrup and medication marketed for cold and flu symptoms. The FDA recommends that parents talk to a doctor before giving their children such drugs and notes that colds and coughs in kids \"are generally mild and go away in a few days, so they may not need to take any medicine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday's announcement was a partial acceptance of 2015 recommendations by an independent advisory committee that recommended the agency restrict prescription of codeine-containing drugs for children and also voted overwhelmingly against over-the-counter sale of codeine-containing cough syrup for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, pharmacist Maria Pruchnicki, an associate professor at the Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, told NPR's Rob Stein, \"My concern, were I to be prescribing codeine in children, would be that I would, frankly, kill them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Stein reported, the FDA is not required to follow the committee's 2015 advice, although the agency generally acts in line with advisory committee recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, the agency did act on prescription drugs but did not act on the over-the-counter recommendation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was unclear why more than a year passed between the committee recommendations and their partial adoption by the agency. In a press briefing, Throckmorton said the agency had received \"additional information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diana Zuckerman, president of the consumer group National Center for Health Research, called the move a \"long-overdue step to protect our children\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The science is clear, so why did it take almost 18 months since the FDA's public meeting on the exact same issue? FDA needs to do more to warn patients about the known risks of medical products as soon as data are available. A change in the label is important, but unfortunately many doctors and patients don't read these labels. We need a public education campaign to warn parents and nursing women about these risks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, the FDA acknowledged that although tramadol is not approved for use in children, it is used off-label to treat pain in kids. In that warning, the agency noted that some people are what's known as ultra-rapid metabolizers of tramadol and codeine. Those people have a variant of a liver enzyme that breaks down the drugs more quickly, leading to a rapid and potentially dangerous spike in the level of active opioids in the bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drugs can make their way into breast milk in nursing mothers and potentially harm infants, the FDA warns. The proportion of people with the enzyme variant, which is genetic, is thought to be between 1 and 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because we can't easily determine which children or nursing mothers specifically are at greater risk of ultra-rapid metabolism of codeine or tramadol, we are requiring manufacturers ... to make important labeling changes to protect those children who are at the greatest risk,\" explains Throckmorton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for future action on over-the-counter medicines that contain codeine, the American Academy of Pediatrics has made its position clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a report published last year in the journal Pediatrics, members of the academy's committee on drugs wrote that although over-the-counter cough and cold medicines containing codeine were available in 28 states and Washington, D.C., \"neither the value of suppressing cough nor the effectiveness of codeine in children with acute illnesses has been shown.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators in Europe, Canada and Australia have all restricted the use of medicines containing codeine for children. According to the FDA's public label database, more than 100 medications containing codeine are approved for sale without a prescription in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/320798/kids-should-not-take-drugs-containing-codeine-or-tramadol-fda-says","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_320798"],"categories":["stateofhealth_14"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2850","stateofhealth_3081","stateofhealth_2892","stateofhealth_48","stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_3082","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_2888"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_320813","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_314273":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_314273","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"314273","score":null,"sort":[1491588647000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-presses-forward-in-fight-to-regulate-pharma","title":"California Presses Forward in Fight to Regulate Pharma","publishDate":1491588647,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Last November, California voters defeated a \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/propositions/61/analysis.htm\" target=\"_blank\">ballot proposal\u003c/a> that would have given state government more control over drug prices. It was a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/09/voters-approve-2-tobacco-tax-but-remain-mixed-on-other-health-measures/\" target=\"_blank\">victory\u003c/a> for pharmaceutical companies, who spent more than $100 million campaigning against the measure. Now the industry is fighting new efforts by state lawmakers to control the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug makers are watching \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB17\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 17 \u003c/a>in particular. Instead of direct price controls, it takes a different tack: price transparency. Drug companies would have to announce large price hikes and give detailed justifications to explain why the prices are going up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblyman \u003ca href=\"https://a02.asmdc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Jim Wood\u003c/a> supported a similar \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1010\" target=\"_blank\">bill\u003c/a> that failed to move forward a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s basically an effort to provide some transparency around how drug companies price their products,\" Wood said. \"How do you arrive at these? And what are your practices?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 17 is scheduled for a hearing in the \u003ca href=\"http://shea.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Committee on Health\u003c/a> on April 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood chairs the \u003ca href=\"http://ahea.assembly.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Committee on Health\u003c/a> in the Assembly. \"If you can't understand what's going on, how could you possibly make efforts to change that?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical manufactures frequently argue that drug prices are high because it's expensive to conduct the scientific research and development that is necessary to bring a drug to market. But Wood says we can't simply take their word on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/316603543\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"300\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would personally love to know how much they spend on advertising and marketing, versus how much they spend on R&D,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug industry representatives and researchers visited the Capitol Wednesday to meet with lawmakers and promote their contributions to the California economy. The pharmaceutical industry employs more people in California than any other state (145,880 jobs), according to Priscilla VanderVeer, a spokeswoman with \u003ca href=\"http://www.phrma.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer said SB 17 won't do anything to help consumers. \"If the problem is that patients are having a hard time affording their medicines, which we know they are, then let’s come to the table and talk about solutions that can actually help them,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer said one problem is that consumers often must pay the full list price of a drug, even if they are insured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oftentimes when a patient goes to the pharmacy counter and they haven’t reached their deductible, or they have a co-insurance on their drugs, they’re paying that off the list price, not the negotiated rate their insurance has,\" she said. VanderVeer says that doesn't happen to insured patients in other parts of the health care system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I give the example of the hospital. You know the $350 x-ray that your insurance brings down to $50, and then you pay your cost-sharing off the $50. That’s not happening with your drugs, that’s not happening at the pharmacy counter,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer also criticized the bill for ignoring other parts of the pharmaceutical supply chain that also affect prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You’ve also got pharmacy benefit managers and insurers who negotiate the price significantly down, I might say, and then you also got wholesalers who purchase drugs directly and keep them in their warehouses and disseminate them to pharmacies. And then you’ve got pharmacies,\" VanderVeer explained. She said those links in the supply chain account for one-third of the final price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Wood agrees that California should pay more attention to \u003ca href=\"http://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/070215/what-pharmacy-benefit-management-industry.asp\" target=\"_blank\">pharmacy benefit managers\u003c/a>, companies that act as middlemen, negotiating purchase contracts with drug manufacturers on behalf of health plans. Wood has introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB315\" target=\"_blank\">different bill\u003c/a> in the Assembly that would require pharmacy benefit managers to be licensed in California. It would also require them to disclose information about their business practices, including rebates and hidden \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-24/sworn-to-secrecy-drugstores-stay-silent-as-customers-overpay\" target=\"_blank\">\"clawback\" \u003c/a>arrangements that force patients to unwittingly pay more for drugs.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State legislators want to bring transparency to drug pricing and payment arrangements. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1491923915,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":672},"headData":{"title":"California Presses Forward in Fight to Regulate Pharma | KQED","description":"State legislators want to bring transparency to drug pricing and payment arrangements. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Presses Forward in Fight to Regulate Pharma","datePublished":"2017-04-07T18:10:47.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-11T15:18:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"314273 https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=314273","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/04/07/california-presses-forward-in-fight-to-regulate-pharma/","disqusTitle":"California Presses Forward in Fight to Regulate Pharma","path":"/stateofhealth/314273/california-presses-forward-in-fight-to-regulate-pharma","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last November, California voters defeated a \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/propositions/61/analysis.htm\" target=\"_blank\">ballot proposal\u003c/a> that would have given state government more control over drug prices. It was a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/09/voters-approve-2-tobacco-tax-but-remain-mixed-on-other-health-measures/\" target=\"_blank\">victory\u003c/a> for pharmaceutical companies, who spent more than $100 million campaigning against the measure. Now the industry is fighting new efforts by state lawmakers to control the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug makers are watching \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB17\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 17 \u003c/a>in particular. Instead of direct price controls, it takes a different tack: price transparency. Drug companies would have to announce large price hikes and give detailed justifications to explain why the prices are going up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblyman \u003ca href=\"https://a02.asmdc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Jim Wood\u003c/a> supported a similar \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1010\" target=\"_blank\">bill\u003c/a> that failed to move forward a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s basically an effort to provide some transparency around how drug companies price their products,\" Wood said. \"How do you arrive at these? And what are your practices?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 17 is scheduled for a hearing in the \u003ca href=\"http://shea.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Committee on Health\u003c/a> on April 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood chairs the \u003ca href=\"http://ahea.assembly.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Committee on Health\u003c/a> in the Assembly. \"If you can't understand what's going on, how could you possibly make efforts to change that?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical manufactures frequently argue that drug prices are high because it's expensive to conduct the scientific research and development that is necessary to bring a drug to market. But Wood says we can't simply take their word on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='300'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/316603543&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/316603543'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would personally love to know how much they spend on advertising and marketing, versus how much they spend on R&D,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug industry representatives and researchers visited the Capitol Wednesday to meet with lawmakers and promote their contributions to the California economy. The pharmaceutical industry employs more people in California than any other state (145,880 jobs), according to Priscilla VanderVeer, a spokeswoman with \u003ca href=\"http://www.phrma.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer said SB 17 won't do anything to help consumers. \"If the problem is that patients are having a hard time affording their medicines, which we know they are, then let’s come to the table and talk about solutions that can actually help them,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer said one problem is that consumers often must pay the full list price of a drug, even if they are insured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oftentimes when a patient goes to the pharmacy counter and they haven’t reached their deductible, or they have a co-insurance on their drugs, they’re paying that off the list price, not the negotiated rate their insurance has,\" she said. VanderVeer says that doesn't happen to insured patients in other parts of the health care system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I give the example of the hospital. You know the $350 x-ray that your insurance brings down to $50, and then you pay your cost-sharing off the $50. That’s not happening with your drugs, that’s not happening at the pharmacy counter,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VanderVeer also criticized the bill for ignoring other parts of the pharmaceutical supply chain that also affect prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You’ve also got pharmacy benefit managers and insurers who negotiate the price significantly down, I might say, and then you also got wholesalers who purchase drugs directly and keep them in their warehouses and disseminate them to pharmacies. And then you’ve got pharmacies,\" VanderVeer explained. She said those links in the supply chain account for one-third of the final price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Wood agrees that California should pay more attention to \u003ca href=\"http://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/070215/what-pharmacy-benefit-management-industry.asp\" target=\"_blank\">pharmacy benefit managers\u003c/a>, companies that act as middlemen, negotiating purchase contracts with drug manufacturers on behalf of health plans. Wood has introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB315\" target=\"_blank\">different bill\u003c/a> in the Assembly that would require pharmacy benefit managers to be licensed in California. It would also require them to disclose information about their business practices, including rebates and hidden \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-24/sworn-to-secrecy-drugstores-stay-silent-as-customers-overpay\" target=\"_blank\">\"clawback\" \u003c/a>arrangements that force patients to unwittingly pay more for drugs.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/314273/california-presses-forward-in-fight-to-regulate-pharma","authors":["11314"],"categories":["stateofhealth_2407","stateofhealth_1"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2892","stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_3038"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_314274","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_235292":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_235292","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"235292","score":null,"sort":[1473468668000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"study-high-school-and-college-students-are-not-using-illegal-drugs-as-much-as-their-parents-once-did","title":"Study: High School and College Students Are Not Using Illegal Drugs as Much as Their Parents Once Did","publishDate":1473468668,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>High school students and young adults are much less likely to use illicit drugs than their parents, according to data released Thursday. And compared to baby boomers, young adults today look like outright angels. Except for their acceptance of marijuana, that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This report comes from a running, four-decade-long study of drug, tobacco and alcohol use from the University of Michigan. This most recent iteration shows that people in their 40s and 50s used far more drugs in their youth than do people in their teens and 20s today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The proportion of Americans in their 40s and 50s who have experience with illicit drugs is quite shocking,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://home.isr.umich.edu/research/researcher-profiles/lloyd-johnston/\">Lloyd Johnston\u003c/a>, a research scientist at the University of Michigan and the lead investigator on the study. \"It's a great majority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not counting marijuana, over 70 percent of people in their 50s have used illegal drugs in their lifetimes. Including marijuana, the proportion soars to about 85 percent of people in their 50s. Back when these people were in college, nearly half of them were using illegal drugs compared to around 40 percent of college-aged adults today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, young people have been increasingly shunning psychoactive substances for a while now. Cigarette use is at an all-time low, with 20.5 percent of college students saying they smoked in 2015 compared to 44.5 percent in 1999.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res493140124\" class=\"bucketwrap statichtml\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe the most important of all is the decline in narcotic drugs like Vicodin and OxyContin and so forth,\" Johnston says. Use of prescription opioids by college students has dropped from 8.7 percent in 2003 to 3.3 percent in 2015. \"That's despite the fact that we know from the news that the use and misuse of narcotic drugs is a growing problem in the country,\" Johnston says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason is not completely clear, Johnston says, but it probably has to do with young people learning to be wary. \"When someone sees a substance is dangerous, they tend to avoid it,\" he says. \"And one of the things we've seen is an increased in perceived risk for a number of drugs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to marijuana, the trend reverses. \"For the most part, among both college and high school students their perception of how dangerous [cannabis] is has dropped like a rock,\" Johnston says. That tracks closely with how use of cannabis, which has been steadily rising for the past couple of decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy debate around the legalization of recreational and medical marijuana is probably making the drug seem a lot less dangerous, Johnston thinks. \"It's hard to see what else would account for such a dramatic change in perceived risk,\" he says. \u003ca href=\"http://www.centeronaddiction.org/addiction-research/reports/national-survey-american-attitudes-substance-abuse-teens-parents-2011\">Other\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/cyber.2014.0620\">studies\u003c/a> have shown that negative messages about cannabis are rare on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And negative opinions or information about other drugs floating on the Internet could make them seem more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after synthetic marijuana, also called spice, became popular, videos on YouTube and Twitter showed terrifying effects the drug had on users. This report shows an abrupt drop in spice use, from 8.5 percent of college students to 1.5 percent in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The use of the Internet has certainly increased information exchange from objective sources and other people the same age,\" Johnston says. \"Perhaps young people today are more informed about things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also a lot of federal funding available for drug prevention programs that target young people, particularly high school-aged students, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.umass.edu/sphhs/person/faculty/jennifer-m-whitehill\">Jennifer Whitehill\u003c/a>, a public health researcher at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. And a lot of drug awareness campaigns didn't get started until after the 80s. That could also contribute to the declining use of drugs among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, the declines in illicit drug use don't mean our society is going to become drug-free. The last period of declining drug use was in the late 80s, and Johnston says after that efforts to reduce drug use started dropping off after that. \"Congress spent less time and money on the drug issue and, most importantly, the media dropped the drug issue.\" That gave a bump to drug use in the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decline right now could just be setting the stage for another resurgence of illegal drug use, Johnston says. \"As we're seeing a period of decline in illicit drugs, there's less attention to the issue, and young people grow up knowing less about why they shouldn't use them.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The reason probably has to do with young people learning to be wary, experts say. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1473468865,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":748},"headData":{"title":"Study: High School and College Students Are Not Using Illegal Drugs as Much as Their Parents Once Did | KQED","description":"The reason probably has to do with young people learning to be wary, experts say. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Study: High School and College Students Are Not Using Illegal Drugs as Much as Their Parents Once Did","datePublished":"2016-09-10T00:51:08.000Z","dateModified":"2016-09-10T00:54:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"235292 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=235292","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/09/09/study-high-school-and-college-students-are-not-using-illegal-drugs-as-much-as-their-parents-once-did/","disqusTitle":"Study: High School and College Students Are Not Using Illegal Drugs as Much as Their Parents Once Did","nprByline":"Angus Chen, NPR Shots","path":"/stateofhealth/235292/study-high-school-and-college-students-are-not-using-illegal-drugs-as-much-as-their-parents-once-did","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>High school students and young adults are much less likely to use illicit drugs than their parents, according to data released Thursday. And compared to baby boomers, young adults today look like outright angels. Except for their acceptance of marijuana, that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This report comes from a running, four-decade-long study of drug, tobacco and alcohol use from the University of Michigan. This most recent iteration shows that people in their 40s and 50s used far more drugs in their youth than do people in their teens and 20s today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The proportion of Americans in their 40s and 50s who have experience with illicit drugs is quite shocking,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://home.isr.umich.edu/research/researcher-profiles/lloyd-johnston/\">Lloyd Johnston\u003c/a>, a research scientist at the University of Michigan and the lead investigator on the study. \"It's a great majority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not counting marijuana, over 70 percent of people in their 50s have used illegal drugs in their lifetimes. Including marijuana, the proportion soars to about 85 percent of people in their 50s. Back when these people were in college, nearly half of them were using illegal drugs compared to around 40 percent of college-aged adults today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, young people have been increasingly shunning psychoactive substances for a while now. Cigarette use is at an all-time low, with 20.5 percent of college students saying they smoked in 2015 compared to 44.5 percent in 1999.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res493140124\" class=\"bucketwrap statichtml\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\"Maybe the most important of all is the decline in narcotic drugs like Vicodin and OxyContin and so forth,\" Johnston says. Use of prescription opioids by college students has dropped from 8.7 percent in 2003 to 3.3 percent in 2015. \"That's despite the fact that we know from the news that the use and misuse of narcotic drugs is a growing problem in the country,\" Johnston says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason is not completely clear, Johnston says, but it probably has to do with young people learning to be wary. \"When someone sees a substance is dangerous, they tend to avoid it,\" he says. \"And one of the things we've seen is an increased in perceived risk for a number of drugs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to marijuana, the trend reverses. \"For the most part, among both college and high school students their perception of how dangerous [cannabis] is has dropped like a rock,\" Johnston says. That tracks closely with how use of cannabis, which has been steadily rising for the past couple of decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy debate around the legalization of recreational and medical marijuana is probably making the drug seem a lot less dangerous, Johnston thinks. \"It's hard to see what else would account for such a dramatic change in perceived risk,\" he says. \u003ca href=\"http://www.centeronaddiction.org/addiction-research/reports/national-survey-american-attitudes-substance-abuse-teens-parents-2011\">Other\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/cyber.2014.0620\">studies\u003c/a> have shown that negative messages about cannabis are rare on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And negative opinions or information about other drugs floating on the Internet could make them seem more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after synthetic marijuana, also called spice, became popular, videos on YouTube and Twitter showed terrifying effects the drug had on users. This report shows an abrupt drop in spice use, from 8.5 percent of college students to 1.5 percent in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The use of the Internet has certainly increased information exchange from objective sources and other people the same age,\" Johnston says. \"Perhaps young people today are more informed about things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also a lot of federal funding available for drug prevention programs that target young people, particularly high school-aged students, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.umass.edu/sphhs/person/faculty/jennifer-m-whitehill\">Jennifer Whitehill\u003c/a>, a public health researcher at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. And a lot of drug awareness campaigns didn't get started until after the 80s. That could also contribute to the declining use of drugs among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, the declines in illicit drug use don't mean our society is going to become drug-free. The last period of declining drug use was in the late 80s, and Johnston says after that efforts to reduce drug use started dropping off after that. \"Congress spent less time and money on the drug issue and, most importantly, the media dropped the drug issue.\" That gave a bump to drug use in the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decline right now could just be setting the stage for another resurgence of illegal drug use, Johnston says. \"As we're seeing a period of decline in illicit drugs, there's less attention to the issue, and young people grow up knowing less about why they shouldn't use them.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/235292/study-high-school-and-college-students-are-not-using-illegal-drugs-as-much-as-their-parents-once-did","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_235292"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2893","stateofhealth_2894","stateofhealth_2892","stateofhealth_2808","stateofhealth_2895","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_2896"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_235332","label":"stateofhealth"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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