The Biggest Whales Can Eat the Equivalent of 80,000 Big Macs in One Day
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Dead Whale on San Francisco Beach Was Killed by Ship Strike (Photos)
The Giants of California: How Redwoods and Whales Got So Big
Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike
Striking Video of Minke Whale Captured Underwater
Washington State Moves to Protect Endangered Killer Whales
Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships?
Crab Fishermen Trained as 'First Responders' for Entangled Whales
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href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03991-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> in \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em>. A blue whale in the eastern North Pacific, for example, might eat between 10 and 20 tons of food a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That amount of food is somewhere in the range of 20 to 50 million calories,” says \u003ca href=\"https://matthewsavocaecology.weebly.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Matthew Savoca\u003c/a>, a researcher at Stanford University and the lead author of the new study. “That is about 70 to 80 thousand Big Macs. Probably decades of our eating is one day for them. So it’s pretty remarkable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Savoca first got interested in how much whales eat a few years ago, because he wanted to know how much pollution they might ingest along with their food. To his surprise, he says, the only numbers he could find on whales’ prey consumption “didn’t actually come from living, breathing whales in the wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, researchers had made guesses based on extrapolations from the caloric needs of smaller animals. Or, they’d simply inspected the stomach contents of whales that had been hunted, relying on a snapshot in time that might not fully reflect how much a whale actually takes in over a day or a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A new way to count calories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Savoca realized that researchers could get more accurate estimates by using an underwater device that can measure the size and density of swarms of shrimp-like krill—the mainstay of these whales’ diet. This kind of device sends out out pulses of sound that bounce off the swarms and return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A dark whale with a red tracking tag glides through the surface of black water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A minke whale tagged by the research team swims off the coast of Antarctica in 2019. \u003ccite>(Ari Friedlaender/via NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He and his colleagues gathered data on over 300 tagged whales as the huge animals fed in krill swarms by gulping in water to filter out the krill. The size of each whale determined how big of a mouthful of krill-filled water it could get at one go, and the researchers tracked the whales’ movements to see how often they went for another gulp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dense swarms of krill, says Savoca, the whales feed at levels that are hard to believe. “Blue whales might lunge into a prey patch 200 times a day,” he says. “Humpback whales might do it 500 times a day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all this eating comes pooping. Only recently have scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2014/04/03/298778615/the-power-of-poop-a-whale-story\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">realized\u003c/a> that whale excrement contains high levels of iron, a precious resource in the ocean. Whales’ fecal plumes spread nutrients out close the ocean’s surface, which boosts the growth of phytoplankton, tiny life forms at the bottom of the marine food web that are eaten by krill. The krill, of course, get eaten by whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this nutrient recycling system has been disrupted by the mass slaughter of whales over the past two centuries, according to this new report, resulting in “the near-complete loss of whale-recycled iron from the largest species.” The researchers estimate that baleen whales recycled 12,000 metric tons of iron per year before whaling, compared to 1,200 metric tons today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These findings are similar to \u003ca href=\"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2015.0292\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">estimates\u003c/a> from a 2016 analysis that suggested iron recycling by large baleen whales in the Southern Ocean was reduced 10-fold between 1900 and 2008. But that study also looked at iron recycling by zooplankton and other small creatures that are far more numerous than whales ever were, and concluded that compared to their nutrient recycling work, the whales’ contribution was likely “negligible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eoas.ubc.ca/people/mariamaldonado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maria Maldonado\u003c/a> of the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, who did the 2016 study, maintains that “the big recyclers of iron in the ecosystem are not the whales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>More whales, more krill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Still, some researchers believe that the killing of more than a million baleen whales around Antarctica over the 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century, and the loss of all their fecal fertilizer, is tied to the subsequent dramatic declines in krill populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pre-whaling populations of whales would annually eat double the total amount of Antarctic krill that exists in the Southern Ocean today, according to the new report’s calculations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before whales were decimated by hunting, observers described those seas as being colored red by swarming krill. “Krill swarms at the surface used to be a common sight in the Southern Ocean,” notes \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=kGVkj2kAAAAJ&hl=de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Victor Smetacek\u003c/a>, a researcher with the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. “The last swarms were seen in the early 1980’s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes that, historically, the whales were “maintaining the krill swarms by recycling iron.” In his view, it’s worth doing tests of adding iron to the ocean to encourage the growth of phytoplankton, which would then feed the krill and ultimately give a boost to whale populations, which apparently need to eat more than researchers ever expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977490\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977490\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An overhead shot of two gray whales — one turned on its back, showing off its white belly — and an orange research dingy. \" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists investigate a humpback whale by boat and by drone in the surface waters near the West Antarctic Peninsula. \u003ccite>(Duke University Marine Robotics and Remote Sensing/via NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Such experiments can be controversial, he says, but “once people start understanding that the whales themselves were doing iron fertilization and that we would be just mimicking the whales, I am hoping that they would come around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado is against this idea, and says the disappearance of krill could be due to changes in water temperature or ocean acidification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An iron fertilization test in the ocean would be complicated and could potentially have unintended consequences if it wasn’t done well, says \u003ca href=\"https://oceanswell.org/meet-the-team\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Asha de Vos\u003c/a>, a marine biologist and founding executive director of the conservation research group Oceanswell in Sri Lanka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would be cautious,” she says, noting that whales could be helped in other ways, like protecting them from ship strikes or net entanglements. “We need to start tackling those issues as well and not just look for one quick fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+biggest+whales+can+eat+the+equivalent+of+80%2C000+Big+Macs+in+one+day&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Scientists have gotten the best estimates yet of exactly how much baleen whales, the largest animals on the planet, can consume in one day. Their caloric intake is mind-boggling.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846384,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1075},"headData":{"title":"The Biggest Whales Can Eat the Equivalent of 80,000 Big Macs in One Day | KQED","description":"Scientists have gotten the best estimates yet of exactly how much baleen whales, the largest animals on the planet, can consume in one day. Their caloric intake is mind-boggling.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Biggest Whales Can Eat the Equivalent of 80,000 Big Macs in One Day","datePublished":"2021-11-03T19:00:04.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:26:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"NPR","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Nell Greenfieldboyce \u003cbr />NPR\u003cbr>","nprImageAgency":"John Durban","nprStoryId":"1051650199","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1051650199&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1051650199/the-biggest-whales-can-eat-the-equivalent-of-80-000-big-macs-in-one-day?ft=nprml&f=1051650199","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 03 Nov 2021 13:13:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 03 Nov 2021 12:01:23 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 03 Nov 2021 13:13:50 -0400","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/science/1977487/the-biggest-whales-can-eat-the-equivalent-of-80000-big-macs-in-one-day","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The biggest animals to have ever lived on Earth gobble up much more food than scientists thought, according to a new study of filter-feeding whales that reveals just how important their eating habits could be for recycling nutrients in the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baleen whales such as blue, fin, minke, and humpback whales consume, on average, around three times more each year than previous estimates suggested, researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03991-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> in \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em>. A blue whale in the eastern North Pacific, for example, might eat between 10 and 20 tons of food a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That amount of food is somewhere in the range of 20 to 50 million calories,” says \u003ca href=\"https://matthewsavocaecology.weebly.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Matthew Savoca\u003c/a>, a researcher at Stanford University and the lead author of the new study. “That is about 70 to 80 thousand Big Macs. Probably decades of our eating is one day for them. So it’s pretty remarkable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Savoca first got interested in how much whales eat a few years ago, because he wanted to know how much pollution they might ingest along with their food. To his surprise, he says, the only numbers he could find on whales’ prey consumption “didn’t actually come from living, breathing whales in the wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, researchers had made guesses based on extrapolations from the caloric needs of smaller animals. Or, they’d simply inspected the stomach contents of whales that had been hunted, relying on a snapshot in time that might not fully reflect how much a whale actually takes in over a day or a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A new way to count calories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Savoca realized that researchers could get more accurate estimates by using an underwater device that can measure the size and density of swarms of shrimp-like krill—the mainstay of these whales’ diet. This kind of device sends out out pulses of sound that bounce off the swarms and return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A dark whale with a red tracking tag glides through the surface of black water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales3-tagged-cfd457144279e6cf32f395f2b242ea37083812de-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A minke whale tagged by the research team swims off the coast of Antarctica in 2019. \u003ccite>(Ari Friedlaender/via NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He and his colleagues gathered data on over 300 tagged whales as the huge animals fed in krill swarms by gulping in water to filter out the krill. The size of each whale determined how big of a mouthful of krill-filled water it could get at one go, and the researchers tracked the whales’ movements to see how often they went for another gulp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dense swarms of krill, says Savoca, the whales feed at levels that are hard to believe. “Blue whales might lunge into a prey patch 200 times a day,” he says. “Humpback whales might do it 500 times a day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all this eating comes pooping. Only recently have scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2014/04/03/298778615/the-power-of-poop-a-whale-story\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">realized\u003c/a> that whale excrement contains high levels of iron, a precious resource in the ocean. Whales’ fecal plumes spread nutrients out close the ocean’s surface, which boosts the growth of phytoplankton, tiny life forms at the bottom of the marine food web that are eaten by krill. The krill, of course, get eaten by whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this nutrient recycling system has been disrupted by the mass slaughter of whales over the past two centuries, according to this new report, resulting in “the near-complete loss of whale-recycled iron from the largest species.” The researchers estimate that baleen whales recycled 12,000 metric tons of iron per year before whaling, compared to 1,200 metric tons today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These findings are similar to \u003ca href=\"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2015.0292\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">estimates\u003c/a> from a 2016 analysis that suggested iron recycling by large baleen whales in the Southern Ocean was reduced 10-fold between 1900 and 2008. But that study also looked at iron recycling by zooplankton and other small creatures that are far more numerous than whales ever were, and concluded that compared to their nutrient recycling work, the whales’ contribution was likely “negligible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eoas.ubc.ca/people/mariamaldonado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maria Maldonado\u003c/a> of the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, who did the 2016 study, maintains that “the big recyclers of iron in the ecosystem are not the whales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>More whales, more krill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Still, some researchers believe that the killing of more than a million baleen whales around Antarctica over the 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century, and the loss of all their fecal fertilizer, is tied to the subsequent dramatic declines in krill populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pre-whaling populations of whales would annually eat double the total amount of Antarctic krill that exists in the Southern Ocean today, according to the new report’s calculations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before whales were decimated by hunting, observers described those seas as being colored red by swarming krill. “Krill swarms at the surface used to be a common sight in the Southern Ocean,” notes \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=kGVkj2kAAAAJ&hl=de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Victor Smetacek\u003c/a>, a researcher with the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. “The last swarms were seen in the early 1980’s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes that, historically, the whales were “maintaining the krill swarms by recycling iron.” In his view, it’s worth doing tests of adding iron to the ocean to encourage the growth of phytoplankton, which would then feed the krill and ultimately give a boost to whale populations, which apparently need to eat more than researchers ever expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977490\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977490\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An overhead shot of two gray whales — one turned on its back, showing off its white belly — and an orange research dingy. \" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/whales2-boat-c6e720487fdf7ff05cb4ff19ea21ae4cb1ca79e3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists investigate a humpback whale by boat and by drone in the surface waters near the West Antarctic Peninsula. \u003ccite>(Duke University Marine Robotics and Remote Sensing/via NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Such experiments can be controversial, he says, but “once people start understanding that the whales themselves were doing iron fertilization and that we would be just mimicking the whales, I am hoping that they would come around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado is against this idea, and says the disappearance of krill could be due to changes in water temperature or ocean acidification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An iron fertilization test in the ocean would be complicated and could potentially have unintended consequences if it wasn’t done well, says \u003ca href=\"https://oceanswell.org/meet-the-team\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Asha de Vos\u003c/a>, a marine biologist and founding executive director of the conservation research group Oceanswell in Sri Lanka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would be cautious,” she says, noting that whales could be helped in other ways, like protecting them from ship strikes or net entanglements. “We need to start tackling those issues as well and not just look for one quick fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+biggest+whales+can+eat+the+equivalent+of+80%2C000+Big+Macs+in+one+day&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1977487/the-biggest-whales-can-eat-the-equivalent-of-80000-big-macs-in-one-day","authors":["byline_science_1977487"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_2873","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4414","science_2936","science_255"],"featImg":"science_1977488","label":"source_science_1977487"},"science_1956256":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1956256","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1956256","score":null,"sort":[1580176989000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"warm-water-blob-led-to-fatal-whale-entanglements-heres-why","title":"Warm Water 'Blob' Led to Fatal Whale Entanglements. Here's Why","publishDate":1580176989,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Warm Water ‘Blob’ Led to Fatal Whale Entanglements. Here’s Why | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Much of the West Coast’s ocean bounty comes courtesy of the California Current, an up-welling of cold, nutrient-rich water in the late winter and early spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That stimulates the development of a rich food web that is sort of like a Serengeti of the ocean,” said Jarrod Santora, a research ecologist at UCSC and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humpback whales travel all the way from Hawaii to feast in the cold waters off the coast. But between the years 2014 and 2016, a severe marine heat wave, nicknamed “the blob,” coincided with an unprecedented number of humpback fatalities stemming from entanglements with fishing gear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a new paper \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucsc.edu/2020/01/whale-entanglements.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published \u003c/a>Monday\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>Santora and colleagues say they know why: Warm water pushed the cold water into a long narrow band along the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since cool water is where the whales forage for food, finding it only along the coast was like discovering all the restaurants in town are closed, except along one narrow strip. Unfortunately, the compression of feeding grounds coincided with crabbing season, so that the new dining hotspots were also littered with ropes connected to crab pots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Lewison, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationecologylab.com/rebecca-lewison.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">biology professor\u003c/a> at San Diego State University, who was not involved in the research, said in an email the paper is “an exciting example of the type of data integration and analyses that are needed to manage ocean resources sustainably given current and projected changes in the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA tracks the number of whales entangled each year, and prior to 2014, Pacific Coast whale entanglements numbered about 10 per year on average. But they jumped to 30 in 2014 and skyrocketed to 53 in 2015, then 56 in 2016. The numbers dropped the next two years but were still high historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spate of deaths prompted the Center for Biological Diversity to file a lawsuit against the California Department of Fish and Wildlife for insufficient regulation of commercial crabbing fleets. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735659/california-dungeness-crab-fishery-to-close-three-months-early-to-protect-whales\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settlement\u003c/a> reached in March 2019 allows for more regulations and a potential end to the entire season if endangered whales become entangled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crisis also prompted the formation of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/whale-entanglement-working-group/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Dungeness Crab Fishing Gear Working Group\u003c/a>, comprised of scientists, fishermen and managers who can share information to reduce entanglements. This year, after aerial surveys revealed large numbers of whales in crabbing waters, the industry pushed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951057/crab-for-thanksgiving-dont-count-on-it-commercial-season-delayed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">delay the start\u003c/a> of commercial season to protect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santora, a science adviser for the group, believes the working group can be a model for other geographical areas, and that improved ocean monitoring and swift communication between stakeholders will be key to keeping entanglement numbers low in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing the same problems on the East Coast for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/group/right-whales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">right whales\u003c/a>,” Santora said, “with changes in ocean conditions, changes in the whale’s prey, resulting in a redistribution of the whales so that they are becoming more entangled with lobster gear. It’s happening globally. We need to have new tools to deal with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewison agrees: “This work demonstrates clearly why we need flexible and adaptable management approaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dynamic ocean management strategies, she explains, help fisheries managers, industry and the conservation community to “think retrospectively, to evaluate what went right or wrong from a management perspective, and also think proactively, to forecast what situations are likely to occur in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Between 2014 and 2016, a severe marine heat wave, nicknamed 'the blob,' coincided with an unprecedented number of humpback whale fatalities stemming from entanglements with fishing gear. Researchers say it was no coincidence.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847853,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":584},"headData":{"title":"Warm Water 'Blob' Led to Fatal Whale Entanglements. Here's Why | KQED","description":"Between 2014 and 2016, a severe marine heat wave, nicknamed 'the blob,' coincided with an unprecedented number of humpback whale fatalities stemming from entanglements with fishing gear. Researchers say it was no coincidence.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Warm Water 'Blob' Led to Fatal Whale Entanglements. Here's Why","datePublished":"2020-01-28T02:03:09.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:50:53.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Whales","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2020/01/VentonWhaleEntanglements.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1956256/warm-water-blob-led-to-fatal-whale-entanglements-heres-why","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Much of the West Coast’s ocean bounty comes courtesy of the California Current, an up-welling of cold, nutrient-rich water in the late winter and early spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That stimulates the development of a rich food web that is sort of like a Serengeti of the ocean,” said Jarrod Santora, a research ecologist at UCSC and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humpback whales travel all the way from Hawaii to feast in the cold waters off the coast. But between the years 2014 and 2016, a severe marine heat wave, nicknamed “the blob,” coincided with an unprecedented number of humpback fatalities stemming from entanglements with fishing gear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a new paper \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucsc.edu/2020/01/whale-entanglements.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published \u003c/a>Monday\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>Santora and colleagues say they know why: Warm water pushed the cold water into a long narrow band along the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since cool water is where the whales forage for food, finding it only along the coast was like discovering all the restaurants in town are closed, except along one narrow strip. Unfortunately, the compression of feeding grounds coincided with crabbing season, so that the new dining hotspots were also littered with ropes connected to crab pots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Lewison, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationecologylab.com/rebecca-lewison.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">biology professor\u003c/a> at San Diego State University, who was not involved in the research, said in an email the paper is “an exciting example of the type of data integration and analyses that are needed to manage ocean resources sustainably given current and projected changes in the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA tracks the number of whales entangled each year, and prior to 2014, Pacific Coast whale entanglements numbered about 10 per year on average. But they jumped to 30 in 2014 and skyrocketed to 53 in 2015, then 56 in 2016. The numbers dropped the next two years but were still high historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spate of deaths prompted the Center for Biological Diversity to file a lawsuit against the California Department of Fish and Wildlife for insufficient regulation of commercial crabbing fleets. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735659/california-dungeness-crab-fishery-to-close-three-months-early-to-protect-whales\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settlement\u003c/a> reached in March 2019 allows for more regulations and a potential end to the entire season if endangered whales become entangled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crisis also prompted the formation of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/whale-entanglement-working-group/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Dungeness Crab Fishing Gear Working Group\u003c/a>, comprised of scientists, fishermen and managers who can share information to reduce entanglements. This year, after aerial surveys revealed large numbers of whales in crabbing waters, the industry pushed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951057/crab-for-thanksgiving-dont-count-on-it-commercial-season-delayed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">delay the start\u003c/a> of commercial season to protect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santora, a science adviser for the group, believes the working group can be a model for other geographical areas, and that improved ocean monitoring and swift communication between stakeholders will be key to keeping entanglement numbers low in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing the same problems on the East Coast for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/group/right-whales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">right whales\u003c/a>,” Santora said, “with changes in ocean conditions, changes in the whale’s prey, resulting in a redistribution of the whales so that they are becoming more entangled with lobster gear. It’s happening globally. We need to have new tools to deal with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewison agrees: “This work demonstrates clearly why we need flexible and adaptable management approaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dynamic ocean management strategies, she explains, help fisheries managers, industry and the conservation community to “think retrospectively, to evaluate what went right or wrong from a management perspective, and also think proactively, to forecast what situations are likely to occur in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1956256/warm-water-blob-led-to-fatal-whale-entanglements-heres-why","authors":["11088"],"categories":["science_2874","science_31","science_2873"],"tags":["science_3370","science_255"],"featImg":"science_29821","label":"source_science_1956256"},"science_1941327":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1941327","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1941327","score":null,"sort":[1557272102000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"dead-whale-on-san-francisco-beach-was-killed-by-ship-strike-photos","title":"Dead Whale on San Francisco Beach Was Killed by Ship Strike (Photos)","publishDate":1557272102,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Dead Whale on San Francisco Beach Was Killed by Ship Strike (Photos) | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update May 14\u003c/strong>: The 10th dead whale to be stranded on Bay Area shores turned up on a beach near Pacifica, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/whales-sharks/article/10th-dead-whale-bay-area-beach-strandings-13844522.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> reports. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dead gray whale that washed ashore at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach on Monday had been struck by a ship and killed by the resulting blunt force trauma, Sausalito’s Marine Mammal Center said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 41-foot whale’s injuries included multiple fractures to its skull and upper vertebrae, as well as significant bruising and hemorrhaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941331\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1941331 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(\u003cem>Hannah Hagemann/KQED\u003c/em>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists from the Marine Mammal Center and California Academy of Sciences performed a necropsy on the whale Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the ninth gray whale to die in Bay Area waters this year, the center said, an unusually high number. It’s also the fourth to die after being hit by a ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As gray whale migration season enters its final stages of the season, adult female gray whales and their calves with low body reserves are the last to migrate northward to their feeding grounds in the Arctic,” said Dr. Pádraig Duignan, the Marine Mammal Center’s chief research pathologist, in a press release. “These mother whales are worn out and running on empty, making them even more susceptible to negative human interactions, including ship strikes and entanglements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1941387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo courtesy Marine Mammal Center)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But scientists are still trying to figure out why record numbers of the whales are traveling through Bay Area waters, he says. “Are they coming in because they’re starving and looking for food in a shallow bay system?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whale strikes aren’t all that unusual, but they’re on the rise, Duignan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shipping line are taking actions to minimize whale run-ins, says Mike Zampa, a spokesman for the Port of Oakland. He said the number of ships docking at the port has actually gone down in the last four years, by about 20%. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A dead gray whale that washed ashore at San Francisco's Ocean Beach had been struck by a ship and killed by the resulting blunt force trauma, the Marine Mammal Center said.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848687,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":338},"headData":{"title":"Dead Whale on San Francisco Beach Was Killed by Ship Strike (Photos) | KQED","description":"A dead gray whale that washed ashore at San Francisco's Ocean Beach had been struck by a ship and killed by the resulting blunt force trauma, the Marine Mammal Center said.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Dead Whale on San Francisco Beach Was Killed by Ship Strike (Photos)","datePublished":"2019-05-07T23:35:02.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:04:47.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Whales","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1941327/dead-whale-on-san-francisco-beach-was-killed-by-ship-strike-photos","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update May 14\u003c/strong>: The 10th dead whale to be stranded on Bay Area shores turned up on a beach near Pacifica, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/whales-sharks/article/10th-dead-whale-bay-area-beach-strandings-13844522.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> reports. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dead gray whale that washed ashore at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach on Monday had been struck by a ship and killed by the resulting blunt force trauma, Sausalito’s Marine Mammal Center said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 41-foot whale’s injuries included multiple fractures to its skull and upper vertebrae, as well as significant bruising and hemorrhaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941331\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1941331 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_20190507_102322154.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(\u003cem>Hannah Hagemann/KQED\u003c/em>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists from the Marine Mammal Center and California Academy of Sciences performed a necropsy on the whale Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the ninth gray whale to die in Bay Area waters this year, the center said, an unusually high number. It’s also the fourth to die after being hit by a ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As gray whale migration season enters its final stages of the season, adult female gray whales and their calves with low body reserves are the last to migrate northward to their feeding grounds in the Arctic,” said Dr. Pádraig Duignan, the Marine Mammal Center’s chief research pathologist, in a press release. “These mother whales are worn out and running on empty, making them even more susceptible to negative human interactions, including ship strikes and entanglements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1941387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/whale-san-francisco-ocean-beach-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo courtesy Marine Mammal Center)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But scientists are still trying to figure out why record numbers of the whales are traveling through Bay Area waters, he says. “Are they coming in because they’re starving and looking for food in a shallow bay system?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whale strikes aren’t all that unusual, but they’re on the rise, Duignan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shipping line are taking actions to minimize whale run-ins, says Mike Zampa, a spokesman for the Port of Oakland. He said the number of ships docking at the port has actually gone down in the last four years, by about 20%. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1941327/dead-whale-on-san-francisco-beach-was-killed-by-ship-strike-photos","authors":["11578"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_2873"],"tags":["science_3840","science_3834","science_255"],"featImg":"science_1941333","label":"source_science_1941327"},"science_1926434":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1926434","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1926434","score":null,"sort":[1530659848000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-giants-of-california-how-redwoods-and-whales-got-so-big","title":"The Giants of California: How Redwoods and Whales Got So Big","publishDate":1530659848,"format":"image","headTitle":"The Giants of California: How Redwoods and Whales Got So Big | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>When Virginia-based ecologist Jeff Atkins visited the giant redwood trees at Muir Woods National Monument, he saw something that blew his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember watching drops of water falling from the top of the canopy,” he wrote on Twitter. “And it took forever for them to fall. I mean FOREVER!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood trees are so tall that, standing on the forest floor, you can’t see to the tops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You crane your head back and you look up, up, up, up, and it becomes a blur as you get into the crown,” says Lucy Kerhoulas, professor of forest physiology at Humboldt State University. You can’t really know what’s up there, unless you actually go up and climb,” which Kerhoulas has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer in California is a great time to hang out with giants: the giant sequoias in Yosemite National Park, or the giant redwood trees in forests from Big Sur to the Oregon border. And though the famous grey whale migration season is long over, summer whale watchers can spot the world’s largest living animal: the blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926439\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue whale skeleton has hung in the California Academy of Sciences for years — the new exhibit is designed to draw attention to the classic specimen. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the best ways to learn about California’s giants and why the state became home to these giants is by visiting a new exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/giants-of-land-and-sea\">Giants of Land and Sea\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn’t happenstance that California and the waters off our coast are home to these giants. As the new exhibit explains, bigness emerges partly from the particulars of life here – the ocean currents and our famous fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/giants-of-land-and-sea\">\u003cem>Giants of Land and Sea\u003c/em>\u003c/a> opened June 15. Highlights include:\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A blue whale skeleton, 85 feet long.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An immersive fog room, where visitors can feel what it’s like to be a redwood.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A series of films featuring the ecology of a redwood tree from roots to crown, shot by a drone in 6K definition.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> Skulls and skeletons of marine mammals, including the massive northern elephant seal.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Strong winds drive ocean upwelling along the coast, bringing nutrients up from lower layers of the ocean to the surface. Plankton and krill multiply exhuberantly, providing food for the blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those same winds bring cold water south from Arctic latitudes. When warm summer temperatures hit that cold water, a fog layer forms. The fog is drawn toward land, providing plenty of water for the redwood trees along the coast. Redwoods evolved the ability to tap into fog, absorbing some of its moisture through their leaves and funneling more to their roots. So ocean currents and weather systems unite in an ecological system primed to foster bigness in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, UC Davis paleontologist Geerat Vermeij says ecology doesn’t tell the whole story of how the giants got so big. Plants and animals don’t evolve bigness just because they can, much like a car doesn’t move forward just because there is a road in front of it — someone has to get in the driver’s seat and turn it on. In other words, there needs to be an evolutionary driver, too. There has to be an advantage to being bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926847\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3888px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3888\" height=\"2728\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg 3888w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-800x561.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-768x539.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1020x716.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1200x842.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1920x1347.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1180x828.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-960x674.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-240x168.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-375x263.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-520x365.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3888px) 100vw, 3888px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue whale exhales through its blowhole, in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Long Beach, California on July 16, 2008. At up to 33 metres (110 ft) in length and 181 metric tonnes (200 short tons) or more in weight, are believed to be the largest animal to ever live on earth. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants of the Sea\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Gearty, a paleobiologist at Stanford, \u003ca href=\"https://earth.stanford.edu/news/stanford-researchers-learn-why-aquatic-mammals-need-be-big-not-too-big\">thinks he knows what pushed many marine mammals to get big\u003c/a>: they needed to keep warm. Water pulls heat from a body much faster than air — it’s why you can get hypothermia in 60 degree water. A marine mammal needs to deal with this every day, and one of the best ways to prevent heat loss is to get bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”gCcjqCUvcP2T3Zcw1sJPe746KEzUSrk9″]“The amount of skin they have compared to how much stuff inside they have goes down,” Gearty says, “and so they lose less heat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gearty calculated the optimal size a mammal would need to be in order to stay warm in the water, and it turns out that’s about the size of a manatee. Relative to most land mammals, that’s pretty big, and it’s comparable to many marine mammals we do see. But it’s a whole lot smaller than a blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research published last year suggested it was food density, not food availability, that drove the evolution of the biggest whales. Bigger whales were more efficient consumers of dense pockets of krill than smaller whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vermeij favors a different hypothesis: killer whales and giant sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It turns out that the evolution of the very largest whales pretty closely coincides with the evolution of killer whales,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Killer whales aren’t all that big, but they are social hunters, which allows them to bring down really large prey. Other early whales may have encountered Megalodon, a giant shark that stretched 59 feet from nose to tail. Being bigger than the Megalodon would have helped whales avoid becoming prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926436\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926436\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Redwood trees often reach heights greater than 300 feet. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants on Land\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that redwood trees evolved a second trait that, like their ability to absorb water from fog, allows them to thrive as huge trees: Redwoods are extraordinarily good at not dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']While some other towering tree species invest in growing very fast, redwoods invest in defense: pest-resistant heartwood, fire resistant bark, and an impressive ability to regrow damaged trunks and branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly difficult to kill a redwood,” says Tamara Schwarz, director of exhibit development at the CalAcademy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the hundreds or thousands of years that a redwood may live, even moderate growth adds up. The evolutionary driver of bigness in redwoods may be the advantage in being good at survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it may be simply be that being taller means better access to sunlight in the dark forest. On the other hand, trees compete for sunlight in every forest, and the oldest trees on earth, the bristlecone pines, are not particularly big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers don’t really know for sure what drives bigness in redwood trees. But an answer\u003cb> \u003c/b>may lie in the redwood’s unusual, enormous genome, currently the topic of study for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/project/redwood-genome-project/\">Redwood Genome Project\u003c/a>. The redwood genome is ten times the size of the human genome, with six copies of its chromosomes (both humans and giant sequoias only have two copies). Mapping the redwood genome may uncover genes that explain how the redwood got so big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1926438\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the new exhibit, visitors can see a 9-foot tall redwood section up close and learn about how it tells the stories of the tree’s lifetime. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants in a Time of Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental conditions like fog and food availability might not have been the only factors in the evolution of giants, but if those conditions change, it might be enough threaten California’s iconic species. Climate change could disrupt the ocean dynamics that generate abundant food and fog. Stanford’s Gearty says the biggest concern for whales is that they will no longer have enough food to sustain their huge bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The future of redwoods may be bit less gloomy. Fog levels have declined over recent decades, but it’s unclear whether this will hurt the redwoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some researchers say higher levels of carbon dioxide could help redwoods grow. When trees take in carbon dioxide, they lose water, but when there’s a higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, trees can sequester more carbon for the same amount of water lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get more bang for your buck,” says Humboldt State’s Kerhoulas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though drought and warmer temperatures might be stressful, especially for younger redwood forests, the same resilience that has allowed the redwoods and sequoias to grow so tall seems to be helping them cope with climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not all totally doom and gloom,” Kerhoulas says. “These two ancient tree species, they have survived deep time, millions of years. And so from what I can tell, it seems like they are displaying a pretty high level of drought resistance and resilience.”\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences explores what it is about California's ecology that so readily fosters bigness.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927737,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1478},"headData":{"title":"The Giants of California: How Redwoods and Whales Got So Big | KQED","description":"A new exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences explores what it is about California's ecology that so readily fosters bigness.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Giants of California: How Redwoods and Whales Got So Big","datePublished":"2018-07-03T23:17:28.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:02:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Biology","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1926434/the-giants-of-california-how-redwoods-and-whales-got-so-big","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Virginia-based ecologist Jeff Atkins visited the giant redwood trees at Muir Woods National Monument, he saw something that blew his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember watching drops of water falling from the top of the canopy,” he wrote on Twitter. “And it took forever for them to fall. I mean FOREVER!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood trees are so tall that, standing on the forest floor, you can’t see to the tops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You crane your head back and you look up, up, up, up, and it becomes a blur as you get into the crown,” says Lucy Kerhoulas, professor of forest physiology at Humboldt State University. You can’t really know what’s up there, unless you actually go up and climb,” which Kerhoulas has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer in California is a great time to hang out with giants: the giant sequoias in Yosemite National Park, or the giant redwood trees in forests from Big Sur to the Oregon border. And though the famous grey whale migration season is long over, summer whale watchers can spot the world’s largest living animal: the blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926439\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/WhaleSkele_CalAcad-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue whale skeleton has hung in the California Academy of Sciences for years — the new exhibit is designed to draw attention to the classic specimen. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the best ways to learn about California’s giants and why the state became home to these giants is by visiting a new exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/giants-of-land-and-sea\">Giants of Land and Sea\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn’t happenstance that California and the waters off our coast are home to these giants. As the new exhibit explains, bigness emerges partly from the particulars of life here – the ocean currents and our famous fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/giants-of-land-and-sea\">\u003cem>Giants of Land and Sea\u003c/em>\u003c/a> opened June 15. Highlights include:\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A blue whale skeleton, 85 feet long.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An immersive fog room, where visitors can feel what it’s like to be a redwood.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A series of films featuring the ecology of a redwood tree from roots to crown, shot by a drone in 6K definition.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> Skulls and skeletons of marine mammals, including the massive northern elephant seal.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Strong winds drive ocean upwelling along the coast, bringing nutrients up from lower layers of the ocean to the surface. Plankton and krill multiply exhuberantly, providing food for the blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those same winds bring cold water south from Arctic latitudes. When warm summer temperatures hit that cold water, a fog layer forms. The fog is drawn toward land, providing plenty of water for the redwood trees along the coast. Redwoods evolved the ability to tap into fog, absorbing some of its moisture through their leaves and funneling more to their roots. So ocean currents and weather systems unite in an ecological system primed to foster bigness in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, UC Davis paleontologist Geerat Vermeij says ecology doesn’t tell the whole story of how the giants got so big. Plants and animals don’t evolve bigness just because they can, much like a car doesn’t move forward just because there is a road in front of it — someone has to get in the driver’s seat and turn it on. In other words, there needs to be an evolutionary driver, too. There has to be an advantage to being bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926847\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3888px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3888\" height=\"2728\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601.jpg 3888w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-800x561.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-768x539.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1020x716.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1200x842.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1920x1347.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-1180x828.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-960x674.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-240x168.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-375x263.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-81956601-520x365.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3888px) 100vw, 3888px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue whale exhales through its blowhole, in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Long Beach, California on July 16, 2008. At up to 33 metres (110 ft) in length and 181 metric tonnes (200 short tons) or more in weight, are believed to be the largest animal to ever live on earth. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants of the Sea\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Gearty, a paleobiologist at Stanford, \u003ca href=\"https://earth.stanford.edu/news/stanford-researchers-learn-why-aquatic-mammals-need-be-big-not-too-big\">thinks he knows what pushed many marine mammals to get big\u003c/a>: they needed to keep warm. Water pulls heat from a body much faster than air — it’s why you can get hypothermia in 60 degree water. A marine mammal needs to deal with this every day, and one of the best ways to prevent heat loss is to get bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“The amount of skin they have compared to how much stuff inside they have goes down,” Gearty says, “and so they lose less heat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gearty calculated the optimal size a mammal would need to be in order to stay warm in the water, and it turns out that’s about the size of a manatee. Relative to most land mammals, that’s pretty big, and it’s comparable to many marine mammals we do see. But it’s a whole lot smaller than a blue whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research published last year suggested it was food density, not food availability, that drove the evolution of the biggest whales. Bigger whales were more efficient consumers of dense pockets of krill than smaller whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vermeij favors a different hypothesis: killer whales and giant sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It turns out that the evolution of the very largest whales pretty closely coincides with the evolution of killer whales,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Killer whales aren’t all that big, but they are social hunters, which allows them to bring down really large prey. Other early whales may have encountered Megalodon, a giant shark that stretched 59 feet from nose to tail. Being bigger than the Megalodon would have helped whales avoid becoming prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926436\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926436\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodForest-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Redwood trees often reach heights greater than 300 feet. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants on Land\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that redwood trees evolved a second trait that, like their ability to absorb water from fog, allows them to thrive as huge trees: Redwoods are extraordinarily good at not dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"emailsignup","attributes":{"named":{"newslettername":"science","align":"right","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While some other towering tree species invest in growing very fast, redwoods invest in defense: pest-resistant heartwood, fire resistant bark, and an impressive ability to regrow damaged trunks and branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly difficult to kill a redwood,” says Tamara Schwarz, director of exhibit development at the CalAcademy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the hundreds or thousands of years that a redwood may live, even moderate growth adds up. The evolutionary driver of bigness in redwoods may be the advantage in being good at survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it may be simply be that being taller means better access to sunlight in the dark forest. On the other hand, trees compete for sunlight in every forest, and the oldest trees on earth, the bristlecone pines, are not particularly big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers don’t really know for sure what drives bigness in redwood trees. But an answer\u003cb> \u003c/b>may lie in the redwood’s unusual, enormous genome, currently the topic of study for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/project/redwood-genome-project/\">Redwood Genome Project\u003c/a>. The redwood genome is ten times the size of the human genome, with six copies of its chromosomes (both humans and giant sequoias only have two copies). Mapping the redwood genome may uncover genes that explain how the redwood got so big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1926438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1926438\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/RedwoodWedge_CalAcad.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the new exhibit, visitors can see a 9-foot tall redwood section up close and learn about how it tells the stories of the tree’s lifetime. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Whitney/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Giants in a Time of Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental conditions like fog and food availability might not have been the only factors in the evolution of giants, but if those conditions change, it might be enough threaten California’s iconic species. Climate change could disrupt the ocean dynamics that generate abundant food and fog. Stanford’s Gearty says the biggest concern for whales is that they will no longer have enough food to sustain their huge bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The future of redwoods may be bit less gloomy. Fog levels have declined over recent decades, but it’s unclear whether this will hurt the redwoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some researchers say higher levels of carbon dioxide could help redwoods grow. When trees take in carbon dioxide, they lose water, but when there’s a higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, trees can sequester more carbon for the same amount of water lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get more bang for your buck,” says Humboldt State’s Kerhoulas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though drought and warmer temperatures might be stressful, especially for younger redwood forests, the same resilience that has allowed the redwoods and sequoias to grow so tall seems to be helping them cope with climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not all totally doom and gloom,” Kerhoulas says. “These two ancient tree species, they have survived deep time, millions of years. And so from what I can tell, it seems like they are displaying a pretty high level of drought resistance and resilience.”\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1926434/the-giants-of-california-how-redwoods-and-whales-got-so-big","authors":["11518"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_35","science_40","science_2873"],"tags":["science_986","science_194","science_3370","science_813","science_255"],"featImg":"science_1926842","label":"source_science_1926434"},"science_1924639":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1924639","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1924639","score":null,"sort":[1527622330000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"another-dead-whale-another-confirmed-ship-strike","title":"Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike","publishDate":1527622330,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Marine scientists confirmed over the weekend that a dead fin whale found on a Bolinas shore last week died because it was hit by a ship.[contextly_sidebar id=”XzRsxjgKDz6OxyRWWNN1PlEm4W0xPMOG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the third whale in the Bay Area found to have died due to human causes in the past month, researchers at the Marine Mammal Center and the California Academy of Sciences said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbie Halaska, a researcher for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, said the fin whale is endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody wants to hit these guys,” Halaska said. “I mean, they’re amazing creatures, and it’s all accidents. It’s just that we’re all using the same ocean and we need to figure out how we can all use this ocean together and all survive from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the leading causes\u003c/a> of whale mortality, especially during migration periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whale, and the one that washed ashore in the Oakland Estuary the week before, were both female and in their reproductive years,” Halaska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924575\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/ww2.kqed_.orgDeadWhale-800x458-9bb073adc1691fb249e14032f97fa938c0101e78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"458\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A whale carcass is towed out of the Oakland estuary near Jack London Square on Friday.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669242/two-whales-found-dead-in-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two dead whales in the Bay Area on May 18\u003c/a> — one a fin whale at Oakland’s waterfront and the other a gray whale at Tennessee Valley Beach in Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whale found in Oakland was partially submerged in an estuary near Jack London Square, and was determined to have been killed by a ship strike. The whale at Tennessee Valley Beach showed indication that entanglement was responsible for its death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those carcasses were the fourth and fifth, respectively, to be found in the Bay this year by the Marine Mammal Center, which rescues animals along 600 miles of state coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through March of this year, nine dead whales have been found along the California coastline, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Last year there were 24 dead whales found in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz and Muna Danish contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It's the third whale in the past month found to have died in the Bay Area from human causes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927875,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":355},"headData":{"title":"Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike | KQED","description":"It's the third whale in the past month found to have died in the Bay Area from human causes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike","datePublished":"2018-05-29T19:32:10.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:04:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Oceans","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1924639/another-dead-whale-another-confirmed-ship-strike","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Marine scientists confirmed over the weekend that a dead fin whale found on a Bolinas shore last week died because it was hit by a ship.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the third whale in the Bay Area found to have died due to human causes in the past month, researchers at the Marine Mammal Center and the California Academy of Sciences said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbie Halaska, a researcher for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, said the fin whale is endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody wants to hit these guys,” Halaska said. “I mean, they’re amazing creatures, and it’s all accidents. It’s just that we’re all using the same ocean and we need to figure out how we can all use this ocean together and all survive from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the leading causes\u003c/a> of whale mortality, especially during migration periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whale, and the one that washed ashore in the Oakland Estuary the week before, were both female and in their reproductive years,” Halaska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924575\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/ww2.kqed_.orgDeadWhale-800x458-9bb073adc1691fb249e14032f97fa938c0101e78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"458\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A whale carcass is towed out of the Oakland estuary near Jack London Square on Friday.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669242/two-whales-found-dead-in-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two dead whales in the Bay Area on May 18\u003c/a> — one a fin whale at Oakland’s waterfront and the other a gray whale at Tennessee Valley Beach in Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whale found in Oakland was partially submerged in an estuary near Jack London Square, and was determined to have been killed by a ship strike. The whale at Tennessee Valley Beach showed indication that entanglement was responsible for its death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those carcasses were the fourth and fifth, respectively, to be found in the Bay this year by the Marine Mammal Center, which rescues animals along 600 miles of state coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through March of this year, nine dead whales have been found along the California coastline, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Last year there were 24 dead whales found in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz and Muna Danish contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1924639/another-dead-whale-another-confirmed-ship-strike","authors":["104"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_2873"],"tags":["science_255"],"featImg":"science_1924642","label":"source_science_1924639"},"science_1921594":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1921594","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1921594","score":null,"sort":[1521682176000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"striking-video-of-minke-whale-captured-underwater","title":"Striking Video of Minke Whale Captured Underwater","publishDate":1521682176,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Striking Video of Minke Whale Captured Underwater | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[vimeo 259980643 w=640 h=360]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marine mammal expert Dr. Regina Eisert thought minke whales were a little boring until she captured some striking footage of one swimming underwater near Antarctica. Now she thinks they’re beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert said the whales look similar from the surface but that she gained a new appreciation for their individuality after seeing the markings on one up close. She said her team got the underwater video by luck. They’d planned to film underwater for two weeks but managed to get just 90 minutes of footage before running into technical problems.[contextly_sidebar id=”UezITzAjTJAkXrNDDFyQiilIFE1CFw4K”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A researcher at the University of Canterbury, Eisert said they were in Antarctica earlier this year mainly to research orcas in the Ross Sea. But she said their observations of minke whales could shed new light on their feeding patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Baleen whales are an important part of the ecosystem, but they’re grossly understudied,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conventional thinking has been that minke whales mainly chase krill, Eisert said. But she couldn’t see any krill where the whales were swimming, so she thinks they may have been chasing small schools of fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hopes they will be able to find out more about what the whales eat after taking a tiny amount of skin and blubber from the minke whales using a modified tranquilizer gun.[contextly_sidebar id=”etnsD5rZH1oUOq5SZTeWhuYiRSa7UkHq”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert and her team got their footage after being dropped by helicopter on sea ice not far from two research stations, New Zealand’s Scott Base and the American base McMurdo Station. The U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Polar Star had earlier cut a channel through the ice to allow the stations to be resupplied, which Eisert said also provided a kind of highway for the whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said there had been very little study of minke whales in the Ross Sea region, despite there being over 100,000 in the area. The cost and difficulty of studying them in such a remote and inhospitable place had been a deterrent, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert’s research, sponsored by The Pew Charitable Trusts, will examine the effect of a new marine protected area on the Ross Sea ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The rare footage, captured in Antartica, shows minke whales with distinct individual markings.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928079,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":379},"headData":{"title":"Striking Video of Minke Whale Captured Underwater | KQED","description":"The rare footage, captured in Antartica, shows minke whales with distinct individual markings.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Striking Video of Minke Whale Captured Underwater","datePublished":"2018-03-22T01:29:36.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:07:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sourceUrl":"Oceans","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Nick Perry\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1921594/striking-video-of-minke-whale-captured-underwater","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"vimeo","attributes":{"named":{"w":"640","h":"360","label":"259980643"},"numeric":["259980643"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marine mammal expert Dr. Regina Eisert thought minke whales were a little boring until she captured some striking footage of one swimming underwater near Antarctica. Now she thinks they’re beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert said the whales look similar from the surface but that she gained a new appreciation for their individuality after seeing the markings on one up close. She said her team got the underwater video by luck. They’d planned to film underwater for two weeks but managed to get just 90 minutes of footage before running into technical problems.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A researcher at the University of Canterbury, Eisert said they were in Antarctica earlier this year mainly to research orcas in the Ross Sea. But she said their observations of minke whales could shed new light on their feeding patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Baleen whales are an important part of the ecosystem, but they’re grossly understudied,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conventional thinking has been that minke whales mainly chase krill, Eisert said. But she couldn’t see any krill where the whales were swimming, so she thinks they may have been chasing small schools of fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hopes they will be able to find out more about what the whales eat after taking a tiny amount of skin and blubber from the minke whales using a modified tranquilizer gun.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert and her team got their footage after being dropped by helicopter on sea ice not far from two research stations, New Zealand’s Scott Base and the American base McMurdo Station. The U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Polar Star had earlier cut a channel through the ice to allow the stations to be resupplied, which Eisert said also provided a kind of highway for the whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said there had been very little study of minke whales in the Ross Sea region, despite there being over 100,000 in the area. The cost and difficulty of studying them in such a remote and inhospitable place had been a deterrent, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eisert’s research, sponsored by The Pew Charitable Trusts, will examine the effect of a new marine protected area on the Ross Sea ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1921594/striking-video-of-minke-whale-captured-underwater","authors":["byline_science_1921594"],"categories":["science_2874","science_35","science_40","science_2873"],"tags":["science_1120","science_843","science_3543","science_255"],"featImg":"science_1921601","label":"science"},"science_1921212":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1921212","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1921212","score":null,"sort":[1521131466000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"washington-state-moves-to-protect-killer-whales","title":"Washington State Moves to Protect Endangered Killer Whales","publishDate":1521131466,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Washington State Moves to Protect Endangered Killer Whales | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>With the number of endangered orcas that frequent the inland waters of Washington state at a 30-year low, Gov. Jay Inslee on Wednesday directed state agencies to take immediate and longer-term steps to protect the struggling killer whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish-eating mammals that spend time in Puget Sound have struggled for years with a lack of food, pollution, noise and disturbances from boat traffic. There are now just 76 of the orcas, down from 98 in 1995.[contextly_sidebar id=”QMOG190mPySdez4gJTT2cj3Uha5dISZ0″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inslee said the orcas are in trouble and called on everyone in the state to do their part. His executive order aims to make more salmon available to the whales, give them more space and quieter waters, ensure they have clean water to swim in and protect them from potential oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The destiny of salmon and orca and we humans are intertwined,” the governor said at a news conference at the Daybreak Star Cultural Center in Seattle. “As the orca go, so go we.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An orca task force forming now will meet for the first time next month and will come up with final recommendations by November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a wake-up call,” Suquamish Tribal Chairman Leonard Forsman said, adding, “It’s going to take some pain. We’re going to have to make some sacrifices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many have been sounding the alarm for years about the plight of the closely tracked population of southern resident killer whales. The federal government listed the orcas as endangered in 2005, and more recently identified them as among the most at risk of extinction in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A baby orca has not been born in the past few years. Half of the calves born during a celebrated baby boom several years ago have died. Female orcas also are having pregnancy problems linked to nutritional stress brought on by a low supply of chinook salmon, the whales’ preferred food, a recent study said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not too late,” said Barry Thom, West Coast regional administrator for NOAA Fisheries. “From a biology perspective, there are still enough breeding animals, but we need to act soon.”[contextly_sidebar id=”F5Yqk7wUscpxvLQ6sFaB3ehgVWMgFxBn”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whale advocates welcomed the statewide initiative, saying it creates urgency and calls attention to the issue. But some also said it was long overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that everybody would have loved to have seen this five years ago,” said Joe Gaydos, science director for the SeaDoc Society. “It is a crisis. The fact that we’re responding is good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the order, state agencies will find ways to quiet state ferries around the whales, train more commercial whale-watching boats to help respond to oil spills and adjust fishing regulations to protect key areas and fish runs for orcas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whales use clicks, calls and other sounds to navigate, communicate and forage mainly for salmon, and noise from vessels can interfere.[contextly_sidebar id=”qVVUJ53fu9ETl7hm4Uj5kQWTEh2Ah5N5″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers also passed a supplemental budget last week that includes $1.5 million for efforts such as a boost in marine patrols to ensure that boats keep their distance from orcas and an increase in hatchery production of salmon by an additional 5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the endangered orcas spent the fewest number of days in the central Salish Sea that spans Washington and Canada in four decades, mostly because there wasn’t enough salmon to eat, according to the Center for Whale Research, which keeps the whale census for the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I applaud anything that helps (the orcas) through the short term, but the long term is what we really have to look at — and that’s the restoration of wild salmon stocks throughout Washington state,” Ken Balcomb, senior scientist with the center, said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balcomb and others say aggressive measures are needed and they have called for the removal of four dams on the Lower Snake River to restore salmon runs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J.T. Austin, the governor’s senior policy adviser on natural resources issues, said Inslee so far does not support removing those dams.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There are now just 76 of the orcas, down from 98 in 1995.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928105,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":701},"headData":{"title":"Washington State Moves to Protect Endangered Killer Whales | KQED","description":"There are now just 76 of the orcas, down from 98 in 1995.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Washington State Moves to Protect Endangered Killer Whales","datePublished":"2018-03-15T16:31:06.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:08:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Animals","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Phuong Le\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1921212/washington-state-moves-to-protect-killer-whales","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the number of endangered orcas that frequent the inland waters of Washington state at a 30-year low, Gov. Jay Inslee on Wednesday directed state agencies to take immediate and longer-term steps to protect the struggling killer whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish-eating mammals that spend time in Puget Sound have struggled for years with a lack of food, pollution, noise and disturbances from boat traffic. There are now just 76 of the orcas, down from 98 in 1995.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inslee said the orcas are in trouble and called on everyone in the state to do their part. His executive order aims to make more salmon available to the whales, give them more space and quieter waters, ensure they have clean water to swim in and protect them from potential oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The destiny of salmon and orca and we humans are intertwined,” the governor said at a news conference at the Daybreak Star Cultural Center in Seattle. “As the orca go, so go we.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An orca task force forming now will meet for the first time next month and will come up with final recommendations by November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a wake-up call,” Suquamish Tribal Chairman Leonard Forsman said, adding, “It’s going to take some pain. We’re going to have to make some sacrifices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many have been sounding the alarm for years about the plight of the closely tracked population of southern resident killer whales. The federal government listed the orcas as endangered in 2005, and more recently identified them as among the most at risk of extinction in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A baby orca has not been born in the past few years. Half of the calves born during a celebrated baby boom several years ago have died. Female orcas also are having pregnancy problems linked to nutritional stress brought on by a low supply of chinook salmon, the whales’ preferred food, a recent study said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not too late,” said Barry Thom, West Coast regional administrator for NOAA Fisheries. “From a biology perspective, there are still enough breeding animals, but we need to act soon.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whale advocates welcomed the statewide initiative, saying it creates urgency and calls attention to the issue. But some also said it was long overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that everybody would have loved to have seen this five years ago,” said Joe Gaydos, science director for the SeaDoc Society. “It is a crisis. The fact that we’re responding is good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the order, state agencies will find ways to quiet state ferries around the whales, train more commercial whale-watching boats to help respond to oil spills and adjust fishing regulations to protect key areas and fish runs for orcas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whales use clicks, calls and other sounds to navigate, communicate and forage mainly for salmon, and noise from vessels can interfere.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers also passed a supplemental budget last week that includes $1.5 million for efforts such as a boost in marine patrols to ensure that boats keep their distance from orcas and an increase in hatchery production of salmon by an additional 5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the endangered orcas spent the fewest number of days in the central Salish Sea that spans Washington and Canada in four decades, mostly because there wasn’t enough salmon to eat, according to the Center for Whale Research, which keeps the whale census for the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I applaud anything that helps (the orcas) through the short term, but the long term is what we really have to look at — and that’s the restoration of wild salmon stocks throughout Washington state,” Ken Balcomb, senior scientist with the center, said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balcomb and others say aggressive measures are needed and they have called for the removal of four dams on the Lower Snake River to restore salmon runs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J.T. Austin, the governor’s senior policy adviser on natural resources issues, said Inslee so far does not support removing those dams.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1921212/washington-state-moves-to-protect-killer-whales","authors":["byline_science_1921212"],"categories":["science_2874","science_35","science_40","science_2873"],"tags":["science_1120","science_261","science_324","science_255"],"featImg":"science_583484","label":"source_science_1921212"},"science_1715680":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1715680","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1715680","score":null,"sort":[1512374474000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships","title":"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships?","publishDate":1512374474,"format":"image","headTitle":"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>lue whales, grays and humpbacks are traveling south along the California coast this month to their annual breeding grounds in warm Mexican waters. They feed in the same spots where cargo ships travel to some of the world’s busiest ports — and one strike could be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have tried for four years to reduce the number of whales killed by ships, but so far it hasn’t worked. Every year, several dozen whales are killed by ship strikes along the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 14 months, two dead blue whales have washed up on Northern California beaches. A \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/10/28/blunt-trauma-found-in-rare-blue-whale-beaching/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">65-foot long blue whale\u003c/a> washed up in Daly City October 2016 and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/05/27/blue-whale-washes-up-dead-along-northern-california-beach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">79-foot long blue whale\u003c/a> came ashore May 2017 in Bolinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the Bolinas beach, onlookers gathered three weeks after the animal washed ashore, where the stench was putrid. Flies buzzed around the carcass, and the decaying blubber reeked like roadkill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like that but extreme, more pungent — and it actually — you almost taste it at the same time,” says Barbie Halaska, a biologist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, an animal rescue group in Sausalito. And she’s right, it was akin to sweaty gym shorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src= https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2017/12/WhaleStrikesHowshawWeb.mp3 program=\"KQED Science\" title=\"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships?\" image=\" https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/11/Cascadia_Research_whale_ship.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the ship strike is obvious from the whale’s 10 broken ribs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whale ribs are tough, but to be able to break in two to three places for each rib, it—she had to be hit very hard,” Halaska says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most years, between one and three whales wash up on California beaches after being struck by a ship. But those are only the ones we see. A \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/related?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0183052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent paper\u003c/a> in the scientific journal \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PLOS One\u003c/a>, estimates that ships kill roughly 80 whales each year along the U.S. west coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That study looked at blue and fin whales, which are both endangered. It also included humpback whales, which have distinct populations off the west coast, some of which are threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three species dive to great depths off the California coast—sometimes hundreds of feet—searching for food. The bristly baleen in their mouths acts like an enormous fine-toothed comb, filtering organisms from the cold, nutrient-rich California water. Protein-packed organisms like zooplankton and krill are mainstays of this aquatic buffet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1918099\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3107px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1918099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3107\" height=\"2405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg 3107w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--768x594.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1020x790.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1920x1486.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1180x913.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--960x743.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--240x186.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--375x290.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--520x403.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3107px) 100vw, 3107px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A humpback whale spotted inside San Francisco Bay on May 15, 2016. \u003ccite>(Bill Keener/Golden Gate Cetacean Research)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The problem, according to \u003ca href=\"https://channelislands.noaa.gov/contact/hastings.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sean Hastings\u003c/a> with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>, or NOAA, is that this buffet sits in the middle of a freeway—a cargo ship super-highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whales are busy eating,” he says, “the ships are busy moving to the ports, and unfortunately they collide in the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland is the fifth busiest container port in the U.S. Roughly 1,500 ships motor into the port each year. \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-berge-17846730/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Berge\u003c/a>, Vice President of the industry trade group, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmsaship.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pacific Merchant Shipping Association\u003c/a>, says ships have limited ability to maneuver in the narrow shipping lanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s terrible,” says Berge. “Some of the larger ships probably don’t know that they’ve actually struck a whale until, eventually, there is evidence that the whale is draped across the bow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says captains in the control room might be ten stories up off the water, and set back hundreds of feet from the bow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, NOAA and the Coast Guard narrowed the shipping lanes outside San Francisco and the Santa Barbara Channel, to reduce the overlap between whale feeding grounds and ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA also developed a free app called ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.whalealert.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Whale Alert\u003c/a>,’ with real-time notifications of whale sightings, to encourage captains to slow down when the animals are nearby. According to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/research/2016Group_Projects/documents/WS_final_cover_appendix.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2016 report\u003c/a> from UC Santa Barbara, reducing speed from roughly 23 to 14 miles an hour would cut in half the chance that a whale would die when struck by a ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hastings says it’s difficult to know if these management measures are working. Ships do seem to be staying within the new shipping lanes but they aren’t necessarily slowing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been trying non-incentivized approaches just asking ships to slow down,” says Hastings. “That hasn’t been working.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of whales killed by ships now is about the same as before these efforts. On the East Coast, captains must slow down during whale season. That and other measures have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/program_review/2015%20%20Review/BACKGROUND/B2A11%20vessel%20strikes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cut the number of documented deaths\u003c/a> from ship strikes for the extremely endangered North Atlantic right whale—from 2 to 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1916194\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1050px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1916194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg 1050w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fin whale splayed over a ship’s bow in Long Beach on October 20, 2008. \u003ccite>(Alisa Janiger taken under MMSHRP Permit )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Population numbers for the animal are so low that they hover around 450. They could go extinct within the next 20 to 30 years, given the rate at which they’re dying, which is what scientists are trying to prevent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re doing amazing things already in this space but it’s also not enough,” says \u003ca href=\"https://labs.eemb.ucsb.edu/mccauley/doug/McCauleyCV_full%20April%202017_webversion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Doug McCauley\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsb.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Santa Barbara\u003c/a> ecologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He directs the \u003ca href=\"https://boi.ucsb.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benioff Ocean Initiative\u003c/a>, a $10 million fund started by \u003ca href=\"https://www.salesforce.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Salesforce\u003c/a> CEO Marc Benioff and his wife Lynne. The initiative’s first big project seeks to reduce fatal whale ship strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative granted $100,000 to \u003ca href=\"http://www.whoi.edu/sbl/liteSite.do?litesiteid=5252\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Baumgartner\u003c/a> from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, for his underwater microphones that record whale sounds, which can be used to tell ship captains that whales are nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recorded whale sounds show up on a computer graph as curved lines and dashes. Like sheet music, the symbols represent the “notes” the whale is singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the y-axis is frequency or pitch,” says Baumgartner, “so I like to say Barry White is down here and Mariah Carey is up here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1918101\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 7360px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1918101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"7360\" height=\"4912\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg 7360w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 7360px) 100vw, 7360px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution biologist Mark Baumgartner and acoustic analyst Julianne Gurnee review data received from a whale monitoring buoy outside New York Harbor. \u003ccite>(ayne Doucette/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baumgartner programmed the devices to identify each species of whale by its song, but he didn’t know if it would work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was actually shocked,” he says. “When we did the numbers and came up with nearly 100 percent accuracy, I was kind of dumbfounded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a fleet of these underwater devices were installed off the California coast, they could provide real-time feedback around the clock. That would be more reliable than and less expensive than relying on volunteers in boats or planes looking for whales, or other citizen scientists who infrequently post to the ‘Whale Alert’ app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now the underwater microphones are attached to buoys off Martha’s Vineyard and the New York Bight, a coastal indentation between New Jersey and New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baumgartner also developed custom sensors for two types of underwater robots—the Slocum glider and \u003ca href=\"https://www.liquid-robotics.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wave Glider\u003c/a> that actively search for whales off the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dcs.whoi.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wave gliders\u003c/a> sit at the ocean’s surface and use fins for propulsion to search for whales, while \u003ca href=\"http://www.whoi.edu/oceanrobots/robots/glider-phone.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Slocum gliders\u003c/a> dive underwater moving between the surface and seafloor listening for whale calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1916294\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1916294 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Different whales make distinctive sounds. The hydrophones and digital acoustic monitoring instrument detect whale calls and transmit information about them from the seafloor up the cable to the buoy, which sends information to a satellite. \u003ccite>(Eric Taylor/WHOI Graphic Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both gliders record whale songs and transmit data via satellite to scientists on land who can send that information to cargo ships or the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, McCauley of the Benioff Initiative hopes data from the robots could be incorporated to ships’ automated information system or ‘AIS,’ which is like “air traffic control” for vessels and would appear on ships’ computers. Captains could then use the the real-time whale alert information to slow down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple less news stories about blue whales that are washing up on shore is, for me, a grand success,” says McCauley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By next year McCauley wants to bring these devices to the California coast. The first pilot project involves attaching one of Baumgartner’s instruments to an oil rig off Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether these instruments work or not, might depend on questions like whether ships can slow down without blowing budgets and deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Saving whales from deadly encounters with ships has — so far — proven to be a problem scientists aren't sure how to handle. But one entrepreneur is trying to protect these enormous creatures by tuning into their songs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928282,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":39,"wordCount":1498},"headData":{"title":"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships? | KQED","description":"Saving whales from deadly encounters with ships has — so far — proven to be a problem scientists aren't sure how to handle. But one entrepreneur is trying to protect these enormous creatures by tuning into their songs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships?","datePublished":"2017-12-04T08:01:14.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:11:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>lue whales, grays and humpbacks are traveling south along the California coast this month to their annual breeding grounds in warm Mexican waters. They feed in the same spots where cargo ships travel to some of the world’s busiest ports — and one strike could be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have tried for four years to reduce the number of whales killed by ships, but so far it hasn’t worked. Every year, several dozen whales are killed by ship strikes along the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 14 months, two dead blue whales have washed up on Northern California beaches. A \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/10/28/blunt-trauma-found-in-rare-blue-whale-beaching/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">65-foot long blue whale\u003c/a> washed up in Daly City October 2016 and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/05/27/blue-whale-washes-up-dead-along-northern-california-beach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">79-foot long blue whale\u003c/a> came ashore May 2017 in Bolinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the Bolinas beach, onlookers gathered three weeks after the animal washed ashore, where the stench was putrid. Flies buzzed around the carcass, and the decaying blubber reeked like roadkill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like that but extreme, more pungent — and it actually — you almost taste it at the same time,” says Barbie Halaska, a biologist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, an animal rescue group in Sausalito. And she’s right, it was akin to sweaty gym shorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2017/12/WhaleStrikesHowshawWeb.mp3","program":"KQED Science","title":"Can Song-Loving Robots Help Save Whales From Ships?","image":" https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/11/Cascadia_Research_whale_ship.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the ship strike is obvious from the whale’s 10 broken ribs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whale ribs are tough, but to be able to break in two to three places for each rib, it—she had to be hit very hard,” Halaska says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most years, between one and three whales wash up on California beaches after being struck by a ship. But those are only the ones we see. A \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/related?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0183052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent paper\u003c/a> in the scientific journal \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PLOS One\u003c/a>, estimates that ships kill roughly 80 whales each year along the U.S. west coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That study looked at blue and fin whales, which are both endangered. It also included humpback whales, which have distinct populations off the west coast, some of which are threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three species dive to great depths off the California coast—sometimes hundreds of feet—searching for food. The bristly baleen in their mouths acts like an enormous fine-toothed comb, filtering organisms from the cold, nutrient-rich California water. Protein-packed organisms like zooplankton and krill are mainstays of this aquatic buffet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1918099\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3107px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1918099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3107\" height=\"2405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback-.jpg 3107w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--768x594.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1020x790.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1920x1486.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--1180x913.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--960x743.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--240x186.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--375x290.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/Keener-humpback--520x403.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3107px) 100vw, 3107px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A humpback whale spotted inside San Francisco Bay on May 15, 2016. \u003ccite>(Bill Keener/Golden Gate Cetacean Research)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The problem, according to \u003ca href=\"https://channelislands.noaa.gov/contact/hastings.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sean Hastings\u003c/a> with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>, or NOAA, is that this buffet sits in the middle of a freeway—a cargo ship super-highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whales are busy eating,” he says, “the ships are busy moving to the ports, and unfortunately they collide in the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland is the fifth busiest container port in the U.S. Roughly 1,500 ships motor into the port each year. \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-berge-17846730/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Berge\u003c/a>, Vice President of the industry trade group, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmsaship.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pacific Merchant Shipping Association\u003c/a>, says ships have limited ability to maneuver in the narrow shipping lanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s terrible,” says Berge. “Some of the larger ships probably don’t know that they’ve actually struck a whale until, eventually, there is evidence that the whale is draped across the bow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says captains in the control room might be ten stories up off the water, and set back hundreds of feet from the bow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, NOAA and the Coast Guard narrowed the shipping lanes outside San Francisco and the Santa Barbara Channel, to reduce the overlap between whale feeding grounds and ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA also developed a free app called ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.whalealert.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Whale Alert\u003c/a>,’ with real-time notifications of whale sightings, to encourage captains to slow down when the animals are nearby. According to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/research/2016Group_Projects/documents/WS_final_cover_appendix.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2016 report\u003c/a> from UC Santa Barbara, reducing speed from roughly 23 to 14 miles an hour would cut in half the chance that a whale would die when struck by a ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hastings says it’s difficult to know if these management measures are working. Ships do seem to be staying within the new shipping lanes but they aren’t necessarily slowing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been trying non-incentivized approaches just asking ships to slow down,” says Hastings. “That hasn’t been working.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of whales killed by ships now is about the same as before these efforts. On the East Coast, captains must slow down during whale season. That and other measures have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/program_review/2015%20%20Review/BACKGROUND/B2A11%20vessel%20strikes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cut the number of documented deaths\u003c/a> from ship strikes for the extremely endangered North Atlantic right whale—from 2 to 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1916194\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1050px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1916194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale.jpg 1050w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/20081020-LBFinWhale-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fin whale splayed over a ship’s bow in Long Beach on October 20, 2008. \u003ccite>(Alisa Janiger taken under MMSHRP Permit )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Population numbers for the animal are so low that they hover around 450. They could go extinct within the next 20 to 30 years, given the rate at which they’re dying, which is what scientists are trying to prevent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re doing amazing things already in this space but it’s also not enough,” says \u003ca href=\"https://labs.eemb.ucsb.edu/mccauley/doug/McCauleyCV_full%20April%202017_webversion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Doug McCauley\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsb.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Santa Barbara\u003c/a> ecologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He directs the \u003ca href=\"https://boi.ucsb.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benioff Ocean Initiative\u003c/a>, a $10 million fund started by \u003ca href=\"https://www.salesforce.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Salesforce\u003c/a> CEO Marc Benioff and his wife Lynne. The initiative’s first big project seeks to reduce fatal whale ship strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative granted $100,000 to \u003ca href=\"http://www.whoi.edu/sbl/liteSite.do?litesiteid=5252\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Baumgartner\u003c/a> from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, for his underwater microphones that record whale sounds, which can be used to tell ship captains that whales are nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recorded whale sounds show up on a computer graph as curved lines and dashes. Like sheet music, the symbols represent the “notes” the whale is singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the y-axis is frequency or pitch,” says Baumgartner, “so I like to say Barry White is down here and Mariah Carey is up here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1918101\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 7360px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1918101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"7360\" height=\"4912\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996.jpg 7360w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/12/graphics-Baumgartner-_DSC4996-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 7360px) 100vw, 7360px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution biologist Mark Baumgartner and acoustic analyst Julianne Gurnee review data received from a whale monitoring buoy outside New York Harbor. \u003ccite>(ayne Doucette/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baumgartner programmed the devices to identify each species of whale by its song, but he didn’t know if it would work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was actually shocked,” he says. “When we did the numbers and came up with nearly 100 percent accuracy, I was kind of dumbfounded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a fleet of these underwater devices were installed off the California coast, they could provide real-time feedback around the clock. That would be more reliable than and less expensive than relying on volunteers in boats or planes looking for whales, or other citizen scientists who infrequently post to the ‘Whale Alert’ app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now the underwater microphones are attached to buoys off Martha’s Vineyard and the New York Bight, a coastal indentation between New Jersey and New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baumgartner also developed custom sensors for two types of underwater robots—the Slocum glider and \u003ca href=\"https://www.liquid-robotics.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wave Glider\u003c/a> that actively search for whales off the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dcs.whoi.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wave gliders\u003c/a> sit at the ocean’s surface and use fins for propulsion to search for whales, while \u003ca href=\"http://www.whoi.edu/oceanrobots/robots/glider-phone.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Slocum gliders\u003c/a> dive underwater moving between the surface and seafloor listening for whale calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1916294\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1916294 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/10/whale-buoy-illustration-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Different whales make distinctive sounds. The hydrophones and digital acoustic monitoring instrument detect whale calls and transmit information about them from the seafloor up the cable to the buoy, which sends information to a satellite. \u003ccite>(Eric Taylor/WHOI Graphic Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both gliders record whale songs and transmit data via satellite to scientists on land who can send that information to cargo ships or the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, McCauley of the Benioff Initiative hopes data from the robots could be incorporated to ships’ automated information system or ‘AIS,’ which is like “air traffic control” for vessels and would appear on ships’ computers. Captains could then use the the real-time whale alert information to slow down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple less news stories about blue whales that are washing up on shore is, for me, a grand success,” says McCauley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By next year McCauley wants to bring these devices to the California coast. The first pilot project involves attaching one of Baumgartner’s instruments to an oil rig off Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether these instruments work or not, might depend on questions like whether ships can slow down without blowing budgets and deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships","authors":["5432"],"categories":["science_2874","science_40","science_2873","science_43","science_98"],"tags":["science_261","science_3370","science_5182","science_255"],"featImg":"science_1916319","label":"science"},"science_318317":{"type":"posts","id":"science_318317","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"318317","score":null,"sort":[1445635949000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"crab-fishermen-trained-as-first-responders-for-entangled-whales","title":"Crab Fishermen Trained as 'First Responders' for Entangled Whales","publishDate":1445635949,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Crab Fishermen Trained as ‘First Responders’ for Entangled Whales | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Crab season means more Dungeness crab on Bay Area menus, but it could also mean more injured whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cetaceans get entangled in crab trap lines, which is why the federal government is teaching crabbers to become first responders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Bettencourt is a fourth-generation fisherman. From his boat, The Moriah Lee, he points to an area in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whales have been so thick in here. Like close, where they’ve never ever been,” says Bettencourt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/229643910″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that can pose a problem. Crab traps sit on the ocean floor, attached to a buoy on the surface with a long rope. And that rope can get caught on a whale’s fin or tail, or in its mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, there are already more than twice as many whale entanglements reported as five years ago. And local fishermen are eager to help out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a yacht club in Half Moon Bay, nearly 100 fishermen gather in person and by video conference to hear a presentation from Justin Viezbicke, with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_319919\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-319919\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"In 2010, there were 16 whale entanglement reports in California. This year there have been more than 40.\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-400x309.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-1440x1112.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-1180x911.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-960x741.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement.jpg 1712w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In 2010, there were 16 whale entanglement reports in California. This year there have been more than 40. \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You guys are out there all the time,” Viezbicke says to a group of about 20 Half Moon Bay fishermen who attended in person. “So, who better to help us with these situations and give us more information than the guys that are out there on the water all the time seeing these things?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s illegal to disentangle a whale without federal authorization. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Viezbicke is asking crabbers to collect data like the location of the whale, the nature of its distress and how fast the animal is moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Dempsey is with the Nature Conservancy, which sponsored Tuesday’s session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look at this training much like a community CPR course,” says Dempsey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_321530\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hundreds of crab pots sit in Half Moon Bay, which Geoff Bettencourt will deploy when the season starts November 14. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-321530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots.jpg 1632w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of crab pots sit in Half Moon Bay, which Geoff Bettencourt will deploy when the season starts November 14.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dempsey explained that a network of fishermen, who know how to document sightings, is as important as the state’s three certified rescuers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what this training is about,” says Dempsey. “Building that community network of people who can initiate a more advanced entanglement response when they do see that rare entanglement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the crabbers will be out there, starting Nov. 14.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Whale entanglement reports are up in California and the feds see crab fishermen as 'eyes of the ground' to help document sightings. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704931138,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":460},"headData":{"title":"Crab Fishermen Trained as 'First Responders' for Entangled Whales | KQED","description":"Whale entanglement reports are up in California and the feds see crab fishermen as 'eyes of the ground' to help document sightings. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Crab Fishermen Trained as 'First Responders' for Entangled Whales","datePublished":"2015-10-23T21:32:29.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:58:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/318317/crab-fishermen-trained-as-first-responders-for-entangled-whales","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Crab season means more Dungeness crab on Bay Area menus, but it could also mean more injured whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cetaceans get entangled in crab trap lines, which is why the federal government is teaching crabbers to become first responders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Bettencourt is a fourth-generation fisherman. From his boat, The Moriah Lee, he points to an area in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whales have been so thick in here. Like close, where they’ve never ever been,” says Bettencourt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/229643910″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/229643910″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that can pose a problem. Crab traps sit on the ocean floor, attached to a buoy on the surface with a long rope. And that rope can get caught on a whale’s fin or tail, or in its mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, there are already more than twice as many whale entanglements reported as five years ago. And local fishermen are eager to help out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a yacht club in Half Moon Bay, nearly 100 fishermen gather in person and by video conference to hear a presentation from Justin Viezbicke, with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_319919\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-319919\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"In 2010, there were 16 whale entanglement reports in California. This year there have been more than 40.\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-400x309.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-1440x1112.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-1180x911.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement-960x741.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/Whale-entanglement.jpg 1712w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In 2010, there were 16 whale entanglement reports in California. This year there have been more than 40. \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You guys are out there all the time,” Viezbicke says to a group of about 20 Half Moon Bay fishermen who attended in person. “So, who better to help us with these situations and give us more information than the guys that are out there on the water all the time seeing these things?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s illegal to disentangle a whale without federal authorization. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Viezbicke is asking crabbers to collect data like the location of the whale, the nature of its distress and how fast the animal is moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Dempsey is with the Nature Conservancy, which sponsored Tuesday’s session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look at this training much like a community CPR course,” says Dempsey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_321530\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hundreds of crab pots sit in Half Moon Bay, which Geoff Bettencourt will deploy when the season starts November 14. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-321530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/crab-pots.jpg 1632w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of crab pots sit in Half Moon Bay, which Geoff Bettencourt will deploy when the season starts November 14.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dempsey explained that a network of fishermen, who know how to document sightings, is as important as the state’s three certified rescuers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what this training is about,” says Dempsey. “Building that community network of people who can initiate a more advanced entanglement response when they do see that rare entanglement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the crabbers will be out there, starting Nov. 14.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/318317/crab-fishermen-trained-as-first-responders-for-entangled-whales","authors":["5432"],"categories":["science_46","science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_5182","science_255"],"featImg":"science_319911","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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