Where and When to Look at the 2018 Perseids Meteor Shower in the Bay Area
Where and When to See the Lyrid Meteor Shower
How To See The First Meteor Shower of 2016
Flying Past the Sun, Rosetta Spacecraft Hitches a Ride on a Comet
Farewell, Comet ISON, but There's Other Celestial Visitors This Month
The Perseids Are Coming! Find Out When And Where To View Them
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He graduated from Sonoma State University in 1985 with a bachelor’s degree in physics (and minor in astronomy), after which he signed on for a two-year stint in the Peace Corps, where he taught physics and mathematics in the African nation of Cameroon. From 1989-96 he served on the crew of NASA’s Kuiper Airborne Observatory at Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA. From 1996-99, he was Head Observer at the Naval Prototype Optical Interferometer program at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, AZ.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/ben-burress/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ben Burress | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8263bffa345b7e4923a0b8b9f0f6a161?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ben-burress"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1928372":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1928372","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1928372","score":null,"sort":[1533920542000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"return-of-the-perseids-meteor-shower-2018","title":"Where and When to Look at the 2018 Perseids Meteor Shower in the Bay Area","publishDate":1533920542,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Where and When to Look at the 2018 Perseids Meteor Shower in the Bay Area | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>It’s time for the annual “Old Faithful” of meteor showers, the Perseids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the Perseids’ peak of activity coincides with a moonless night, in the early morning hours of Monday, August 13 (following Sunday evening).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the smoke from California wildfires could be the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/09/perseid-meteor-showers-will-smoke-from-californias-wildfires-block-your-view/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildcard\u003c/a> in terms of visibility. It all depends on whether ocean winds do as they’re \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/09/california-fires-smoke-levels-to-improve-as-bay-area-weather-changes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forecast\u003c/a> and blow it out of the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re willing to chance it, dust off your lawn chairs, rinse out your coffee thermos, and brush up on your basic constellations and cardinal directions: it could be time for one of the most thrilling light shows the sky has to offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where and When To Look\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look for meteors after midnight (best between 1:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m.) Monday morning. The \u003ca href=\"https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20180813_10_100\">Perseids\u003c/a> appear to come from the direction of their namesake constellation Perseus. During the peak of the shower Perseus will be high in the northeastern sky, not far from the bright star Capella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928386\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1928386 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-800x491.jpg\" alt=\"The radiant of the Perseids is the point in the sky that meteors of this shower appear to be radiating from.\" width=\"800\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-800x491.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-768x472.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1020x627.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1200x737.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1180x725.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-960x590.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-240x147.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-375x230.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-520x319.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1.jpg 1211w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The radiant of the Perseids is the point in the sky that meteors of this shower appear to be radiating from. \u003ccite>(Stellarium)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Choose a viewing location with a clear view of the northeastern sky, preferably shielded from, or far away from, city lights. If you’d like some suggestions for viewing spots in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/07/06/dark-secrets/\">check this out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot Space & Science Center is hosting a \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/perseid-meteor-shower.htm\">Perseids viewing party\u003c/a> in Oakland, weather permitting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2018 Viewing Bonanza\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s Perseids viewing comes with a couple of bonus features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is a moonless night. The Moon is in waxing crescent phase, and sets early Sunday evening, long before meteor viewing hours begin. The lack of moonlight affords darker skies, and more opportunity to see fainter meteors. If you choose a viewing location far from city lights, you have a chance to spot 50-60 meteors per hour, possibly more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second bonus is that the planet Mars, still relatively nearby following its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927464/a-close-encounter-with-mars-thats-not-to-be-missed\">extra-close approach on July 31\u003c/a>, will shine bright in the southwestern sky — a brilliant ruby set among the flashing diamonds of shooting stars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Causes a Meteor Shower?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://stardate.org/nightsky/meteors\">Meteor showers\u003c/a> occur when the Earth passes through a trail of dust left behind by a comet, or in some cases an asteroid, or so-called “\u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2012/09dec_rockcomet\">rock comet\u003c/a>“.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-800x829.jpg\" alt=\"Long-exposure photograph capturing meteors during the Leonids Meteor Shower (November)\" width=\"800\" height=\"829\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-800x829.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-160x166.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-768x796.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1020x1057.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1158x1200.jpg 1158w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1920x1989.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1180x1223.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-960x995.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-240x249.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-375x389.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-520x539.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long-exposure photograph capturing meteors during the Leonids Meteor Shower (November) \u003ccite>(Carter Roberts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/small-bodies/comets/overview/?page=0&per_page=40&order=name+asc&search=&condition_1=102%3Aparent_id&condition_2=comet%3Abody_type%3Ailike\">Comets\u003c/a>, which are largely made of water ice and other frozen substances, along with some rock and dust, shed some of that ice when sunlight warms it into gas, especially when passing through the inner solar system where sunlight is strongest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a comet’s ices sublimate into gas and blow off into space, dust embedded in the ice is carried with it, leaving behind a lane of dust particles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Earth plows through the dust lane at an orbital speed of 18 miles per second, friction between dust particles and Earth’s upper atmosphere (between 50 and 75 miles above the surface) produces intense heat. A dust particle is incinerated in a quick second, and we see the bright streak of a meteor. Most meteors that you can see are produced by particles smaller than your fingernail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Children of Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dust lane that produces the Perseids shower is left behind by the comet \u003ca href=\"https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/small-bodies/comets/109p-swift-tuttle/in-depth/\">109P/Swift-Tuttle\u003c/a>, a periodic comet that orbits the sun every 133 years. The last time Swift-Tuttle passed through the inner solar system was in 1992, so most of us won’t see it again in our lifetimes — but we can enjoy its “children,” the Perseids meteors, every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/5j8i17-lDCI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">Above: Video of Perseid meteor activity in 2016 taken from the International Space Station looking down on Earth. (NASA)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shower activity began on July 17 and continues until around August 24, but tapers off dramatically before and after peak. Less than a day before or after peak you may see fewer than half the number of meteors, and only a tiny fraction beyond that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen a meteor before, or have forgotten just how exhilarating it is to see the fleeting streak of a shooting star zipping high in the night, here’s your chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find a dark, safe viewing spot, dress appropriately, and settle in for a dazzling show.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It's time for the annual Perseids meteor shower, which peaks in activity on the morning of August 13. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927581,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":755},"headData":{"title":"Where and When to Look at the 2018 Perseids Meteor Shower in the Bay Area | KQED","description":"It's time for the annual Perseids meteor shower, which peaks in activity on the morning of August 13. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Where and When to Look at the 2018 Perseids Meteor Shower in the Bay Area","datePublished":"2018-08-10T17:02:22.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:59:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Astronomy","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1928372/return-of-the-perseids-meteor-shower-2018","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s time for the annual “Old Faithful” of meteor showers, the Perseids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the Perseids’ peak of activity coincides with a moonless night, in the early morning hours of Monday, August 13 (following Sunday evening).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the smoke from California wildfires could be the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/09/perseid-meteor-showers-will-smoke-from-californias-wildfires-block-your-view/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildcard\u003c/a> in terms of visibility. It all depends on whether ocean winds do as they’re \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/09/california-fires-smoke-levels-to-improve-as-bay-area-weather-changes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forecast\u003c/a> and blow it out of the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re willing to chance it, dust off your lawn chairs, rinse out your coffee thermos, and brush up on your basic constellations and cardinal directions: it could be time for one of the most thrilling light shows the sky has to offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where and When To Look\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look for meteors after midnight (best between 1:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m.) Monday morning. The \u003ca href=\"https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20180813_10_100\">Perseids\u003c/a> appear to come from the direction of their namesake constellation Perseus. During the peak of the shower Perseus will be high in the northeastern sky, not far from the bright star Capella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928386\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1928386 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-800x491.jpg\" alt=\"The radiant of the Perseids is the point in the sky that meteors of this shower appear to be radiating from.\" width=\"800\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-800x491.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-768x472.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1020x627.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1200x737.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-1180x725.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-960x590.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-240x147.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-375x230.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1-520x319.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/perseidsradiant-1.jpg 1211w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The radiant of the Perseids is the point in the sky that meteors of this shower appear to be radiating from. \u003ccite>(Stellarium)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Choose a viewing location with a clear view of the northeastern sky, preferably shielded from, or far away from, city lights. If you’d like some suggestions for viewing spots in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/07/06/dark-secrets/\">check this out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot Space & Science Center is hosting a \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/perseid-meteor-shower.htm\">Perseids viewing party\u003c/a> in Oakland, weather permitting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2018 Viewing Bonanza\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s Perseids viewing comes with a couple of bonus features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is a moonless night. The Moon is in waxing crescent phase, and sets early Sunday evening, long before meteor viewing hours begin. The lack of moonlight affords darker skies, and more opportunity to see fainter meteors. If you choose a viewing location far from city lights, you have a chance to spot 50-60 meteors per hour, possibly more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second bonus is that the planet Mars, still relatively nearby following its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927464/a-close-encounter-with-mars-thats-not-to-be-missed\">extra-close approach on July 31\u003c/a>, will shine bright in the southwestern sky — a brilliant ruby set among the flashing diamonds of shooting stars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Causes a Meteor Shower?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://stardate.org/nightsky/meteors\">Meteor showers\u003c/a> occur when the Earth passes through a trail of dust left behind by a comet, or in some cases an asteroid, or so-called “\u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2012/09dec_rockcomet\">rock comet\u003c/a>“.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-800x829.jpg\" alt=\"Long-exposure photograph capturing meteors during the Leonids Meteor Shower (November)\" width=\"800\" height=\"829\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-800x829.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-160x166.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-768x796.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1020x1057.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1158x1200.jpg 1158w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1920x1989.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-1180x1223.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-960x995.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-240x249.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-375x389.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-520x539.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/meteors-leonids-carter-roberts-train1-2126-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long-exposure photograph capturing meteors during the Leonids Meteor Shower (November) \u003ccite>(Carter Roberts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/small-bodies/comets/overview/?page=0&per_page=40&order=name+asc&search=&condition_1=102%3Aparent_id&condition_2=comet%3Abody_type%3Ailike\">Comets\u003c/a>, which are largely made of water ice and other frozen substances, along with some rock and dust, shed some of that ice when sunlight warms it into gas, especially when passing through the inner solar system where sunlight is strongest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a comet’s ices sublimate into gas and blow off into space, dust embedded in the ice is carried with it, leaving behind a lane of dust particles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Earth plows through the dust lane at an orbital speed of 18 miles per second, friction between dust particles and Earth’s upper atmosphere (between 50 and 75 miles above the surface) produces intense heat. A dust particle is incinerated in a quick second, and we see the bright streak of a meteor. Most meteors that you can see are produced by particles smaller than your fingernail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Children of Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dust lane that produces the Perseids shower is left behind by the comet \u003ca href=\"https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/small-bodies/comets/109p-swift-tuttle/in-depth/\">109P/Swift-Tuttle\u003c/a>, a periodic comet that orbits the sun every 133 years. The last time Swift-Tuttle passed through the inner solar system was in 1992, so most of us won’t see it again in our lifetimes — but we can enjoy its “children,” the Perseids meteors, every year.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5j8i17-lDCI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5j8i17-lDCI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">Above: Video of Perseid meteor activity in 2016 taken from the International Space Station looking down on Earth. (NASA)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shower activity began on July 17 and continues until around August 24, but tapers off dramatically before and after peak. Less than a day before or after peak you may see fewer than half the number of meteors, and only a tiny fraction beyond that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen a meteor before, or have forgotten just how exhilarating it is to see the fleeting streak of a shooting star zipping high in the night, here’s your chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find a dark, safe viewing spot, dress appropriately, and settle in for a dazzling show.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1928372/return-of-the-perseids-meteor-shower-2018","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28","science_40"],"tags":["science_145","science_541","science_2651","science_542","science_545"],"featImg":"science_1928381","label":"source_science_1928372"},"science_647154":{"type":"posts","id":"science_647154","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"647154","score":null,"sort":[1461243658000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"where-and-when-to-see-the-lyrid-meteor-shower","title":"Where and When to See the Lyrid Meteor Shower","publishDate":1461243658,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Where and When to See the Lyrid Meteor Shower | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>In the pre-dawn hours on Friday, the annual Lyrid Meteor Shower returns to Bay Area skies, offering what can be a breathtaking celestial light show for those willing to trade in a little sleep time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to View the Lyrids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lyrid meteors are active from around April 16th to the 25th, but the peak in their activity usually lasts less than a day. This year, greatest activity is expected to take place on the morning of Friday, April 22nd, sometime before dawn. The best viewing is generally around 3:00 a.m., but you can expect to glimpse meteors anytime between midnight and dawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647163\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 525px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-647163\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2.jpg\" alt=\"The radiant point of the Lyrid Meteors lies between the constellations Lyra and Hercules.\" width=\"525\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2.jpg 525w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2-400x202.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The radiant point of the Lyrid Meteors lies between the constellations Lyra and Hercules. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lyrid meteors will appear to emanate from a point in the sky (the shower’s “radiant point”) near the constellation Lyra (hence the name “Lyrids”). Lyra rises in the northeast in the late evening, and is marked by the bright star Vega. By 3:00 a.m., Vega and the rest of Lyra will be high in the eastern sky. Wherever you end up watching from, make sure you have an unobstructed view of the eastern sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The light of the nearly full moon will interfere with viewing this year, drowning out the fainter meteors in the shower, but the brighter meteors should still be visible. Fortunately, by 3:00 a.m. the moon will be in the southwest and hence behind you if you are looking eastward toward the Lyrids’ radiant point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to See the Lyrids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as you have a clear sky you can hope to see a Lyrid meteor from your own backyard — but to increase your chances, it helps to get as far away from city light pollution as possible. Fortunately, even though the San Francisco Bay Area is a major metropolitan area, the geography of surrounding mountain ranges creates a number of “dark spots” that may be less than half an hour’s drive from your home, depending on where you live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, staying away from the coastal region reduces your chances of being fogged out, if marine fog is in the forecast. It takes real dedication to get up at 2:30 a.m. and drive half an hour to a dark spot, but if you’re game:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In the North Bay there are plenty of dark choices, from the coastal hills out toward Bodega and Point Reyes (though beware of the marine fog forecast), to Sonoma Mountain east of Rohnert Park and Cotati, to the Napa Valley.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In the East Bay some of the glare from Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, and Hayward is blocked by the East Bay Hills, offering shelter from some light pollution. The ridgeline (Skyline Blvd., Grizzly Peak Blvd.) should be okay, but moving east gets you farther from the source of major light pollution on the Bay side.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The slopes of Mount Diablo offer a good view, and one far from the coast. Though the gate of \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mount Diablo State Park\u003c/a> closes at sunset, on the road below the gate there are pullouts to be found.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Sunol area is also a good East Bay choice, protected by hills on all sides.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Farther south, east of Morgan Hill, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Henry Coe State Park\u003c/a>, an ideal spot for meteor viewing for several reasons. It’s away from the coast and major urban centers, and the park gates are open around the clock.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>On the peninsula south of San Mateo, on Skyline Blvd., there are a few good spots to pull over and give the meteor watching a go.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Wherever you choose to view the Lyrids from, stay safe, of course don’t park where you aren’t supposed to, and make sure you’re not trespassing on private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Causes a Meteor Shower?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A meteor — also called a shooting star — is a tiny bit of metal or rock, usually no bigger than a fingernail, that burns up in Earth’s atmosphere. A single meteor can be seen at any time of the year when a rogue bit of material flying around the solar system enters Earth’s atmosphere at random.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647161\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-647161\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-800x554.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration showing Earth passing through a trail of dust left by the passage of a comet, the source of a meteor shower. \" width=\"800\" height=\"554\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-800x554.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-400x277.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-768x532.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-960x665.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration showing Earth passing through a trail of dust left by the passage of a comet, the source of a meteor shower. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://geology.com/articles/meteor-shower.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meteor \u003cem>showers\u003c/em>\u003c/a> occur when a cloud of dust strikes our atmosphere around the same time — or more accurately, when the Earth passes through a trail of dust left behind by a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The side of the Earth that faces into the dust cloud as Earth moves through it happens to be under morning skies, which is why you can only see a meteor shower between midnight and dawn. It’s a little like when a car, speeding down a freeway, passes through a swarm of flying insects, which strike the windshield of the car and not the rear window, leaving splats and streaks on the front end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As comets pass close to the sun they warm up and some of their ices are vaporized, forming the comet’s familiar tail. The vapors carry dust and leave behind a trail of particles. When Earth slams into the dust trail at its orbital velocity of 18 miles per second, the dust particles burn up in our atmosphere and vaporize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lyrid meteor shower is one of the oldest known, with some observational records dating back 2,700 years. A record from China described the meteors of the Lyrid shower of 687 BCE as “falling like rain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647162\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 474px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-647162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311.jpg\" alt='Engraving depicting the exceptional 1833 \"meteor storm\" of the Leonid Meteor Shower.' width=\"474\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311.jpg 474w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311-400x443.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engraving depicting the exceptional 1833 “meteor storm” of the Leonid Meteor Shower. \u003ccite>(Public Domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each meteor shower originates from the dusty leavings of a different comet. The comet responsible for the Lyrids is named \u003ca href=\"http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/c1861g1thatcher/indepth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C/1861 G1 Thatcher\u003c/a>. We have no photographs of Thatcher since it last passed through our part of the solar system in 1861, on an orbit that takes 415 years to complete — so this comet won’t come close again until the year 2276.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legacy of comet Thatcher’s visit — the trail of dust it left behind — still lights up our skies every year.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If you don't mind missing a few Z's, the Lyrids can make for a dazzling nocturnal light show.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704930284,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1056},"headData":{"title":"Where and When to See the Lyrid Meteor Shower | KQED","description":"If you don't mind missing a few Z's, the Lyrids can make for a dazzling nocturnal light show.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Where and When to See the Lyrid Meteor Shower","datePublished":"2016-04-21T13:00:58.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:44:44.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/647154/where-and-when-to-see-the-lyrid-meteor-shower","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the pre-dawn hours on Friday, the annual Lyrid Meteor Shower returns to Bay Area skies, offering what can be a breathtaking celestial light show for those willing to trade in a little sleep time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to View the Lyrids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lyrid meteors are active from around April 16th to the 25th, but the peak in their activity usually lasts less than a day. This year, greatest activity is expected to take place on the morning of Friday, April 22nd, sometime before dawn. The best viewing is generally around 3:00 a.m., but you can expect to glimpse meteors anytime between midnight and dawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647163\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 525px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-647163\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2.jpg\" alt=\"The radiant point of the Lyrid Meteors lies between the constellations Lyra and Hercules.\" width=\"525\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2.jpg 525w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Untitled-2-400x202.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The radiant point of the Lyrid Meteors lies between the constellations Lyra and Hercules. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lyrid meteors will appear to emanate from a point in the sky (the shower’s “radiant point”) near the constellation Lyra (hence the name “Lyrids”). Lyra rises in the northeast in the late evening, and is marked by the bright star Vega. By 3:00 a.m., Vega and the rest of Lyra will be high in the eastern sky. Wherever you end up watching from, make sure you have an unobstructed view of the eastern sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The light of the nearly full moon will interfere with viewing this year, drowning out the fainter meteors in the shower, but the brighter meteors should still be visible. Fortunately, by 3:00 a.m. the moon will be in the southwest and hence behind you if you are looking eastward toward the Lyrids’ radiant point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to See the Lyrids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as you have a clear sky you can hope to see a Lyrid meteor from your own backyard — but to increase your chances, it helps to get as far away from city light pollution as possible. Fortunately, even though the San Francisco Bay Area is a major metropolitan area, the geography of surrounding mountain ranges creates a number of “dark spots” that may be less than half an hour’s drive from your home, depending on where you live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, staying away from the coastal region reduces your chances of being fogged out, if marine fog is in the forecast. It takes real dedication to get up at 2:30 a.m. and drive half an hour to a dark spot, but if you’re game:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In the North Bay there are plenty of dark choices, from the coastal hills out toward Bodega and Point Reyes (though beware of the marine fog forecast), to Sonoma Mountain east of Rohnert Park and Cotati, to the Napa Valley.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In the East Bay some of the glare from Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, and Hayward is blocked by the East Bay Hills, offering shelter from some light pollution. The ridgeline (Skyline Blvd., Grizzly Peak Blvd.) should be okay, but moving east gets you farther from the source of major light pollution on the Bay side.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The slopes of Mount Diablo offer a good view, and one far from the coast. Though the gate of \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mount Diablo State Park\u003c/a> closes at sunset, on the road below the gate there are pullouts to be found.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Sunol area is also a good East Bay choice, protected by hills on all sides.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Farther south, east of Morgan Hill, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Henry Coe State Park\u003c/a>, an ideal spot for meteor viewing for several reasons. It’s away from the coast and major urban centers, and the park gates are open around the clock.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>On the peninsula south of San Mateo, on Skyline Blvd., there are a few good spots to pull over and give the meteor watching a go.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Wherever you choose to view the Lyrids from, stay safe, of course don’t park where you aren’t supposed to, and make sure you’re not trespassing on private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Causes a Meteor Shower?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A meteor — also called a shooting star — is a tiny bit of metal or rock, usually no bigger than a fingernail, that burns up in Earth’s atmosphere. A single meteor can be seen at any time of the year when a rogue bit of material flying around the solar system enters Earth’s atmosphere at random.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647161\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-647161\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-800x554.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration showing Earth passing through a trail of dust left by the passage of a comet, the source of a meteor shower. \" width=\"800\" height=\"554\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-800x554.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-400x277.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-768x532.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail-960x665.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/earth-and-dust-trail.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration showing Earth passing through a trail of dust left by the passage of a comet, the source of a meteor shower. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://geology.com/articles/meteor-shower.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meteor \u003cem>showers\u003c/em>\u003c/a> occur when a cloud of dust strikes our atmosphere around the same time — or more accurately, when the Earth passes through a trail of dust left behind by a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The side of the Earth that faces into the dust cloud as Earth moves through it happens to be under morning skies, which is why you can only see a meteor shower between midnight and dawn. It’s a little like when a car, speeding down a freeway, passes through a swarm of flying insects, which strike the windshield of the car and not the rear window, leaving splats and streaks on the front end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As comets pass close to the sun they warm up and some of their ices are vaporized, forming the comet’s familiar tail. The vapors carry dust and leave behind a trail of particles. When Earth slams into the dust trail at its orbital velocity of 18 miles per second, the dust particles burn up in our atmosphere and vaporize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lyrid meteor shower is one of the oldest known, with some observational records dating back 2,700 years. A record from China described the meteors of the Lyrid shower of 687 BCE as “falling like rain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_647162\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 474px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-647162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311.jpg\" alt='Engraving depicting the exceptional 1833 \"meteor storm\" of the Leonid Meteor Shower.' width=\"474\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311.jpg 474w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/meteor_shower_19thcentury_engraving-7939311-400x443.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engraving depicting the exceptional 1833 “meteor storm” of the Leonid Meteor Shower. \u003ccite>(Public Domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each meteor shower originates from the dusty leavings of a different comet. The comet responsible for the Lyrids is named \u003ca href=\"http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/c1861g1thatcher/indepth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C/1861 G1 Thatcher\u003c/a>. We have no photographs of Thatcher since it last passed through our part of the solar system in 1861, on an orbit that takes 415 years to complete — so this comet won’t come close again until the year 2276.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legacy of comet Thatcher’s visit — the trail of dust it left behind — still lights up our skies every year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/647154/where-and-when-to-see-the-lyrid-meteor-shower","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28","science_32","science_40"],"tags":["science_541","science_542"],"featImg":"science_647165","label":"science"},"science_427345":{"type":"posts","id":"science_427345","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"427345","score":null,"sort":[1451660413000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-see-the-first-meteor-shower-of-2016","title":"How To See The First Meteor Shower of 2016","publishDate":1451660413,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How To See The First Meteor Shower of 2016 | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>The annual \u003ca href=\"http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/meteors/quadrantids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quadrantid Meteor Shower\u003c/a> is heading our way for a brief appearance in the early morning hours of Monday, January 4. But catching one of these fiery streaks requires a bit of late night fortitude, and not a small amount of luck in the case of this particular shower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to see some of these meteors, here’s what you need to do. First, find a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/07/06/dark-secrets/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">good place to view\u003c/a> the northern sky that is as dark as possible—as far from city lights as you can get. Now for the part that requires the fortitude: you need to go there between midnight and dawn (Monday morning, January 4)….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s In It For Me?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some added bonuses to observing Quadrantids this year. First, the Moon will be in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases_calendar.phtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">waning Crescent phase\u003c/a>, and won’t rise until after 2:00 AM. So for the first couple of hours after midnight no moonlight will contend with your enjoyment of the night sky—and even after the Moon rises, it won’t be terribly bright. In fact, it’ll look beautiful….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other bonus for the very late night meteor watcher is a string of naked-eye planets. Mars is located near the Crescent Moon all evening, and farther to the west, high in the sky, is Jupiter. Closer to 6:00 AM, the planets Venus and Saturn will rise as a pair in the southeast, and for a brief spell before dawn you can see all four planets and the Moon strung up in a long line. Plus, hopefully, some meteors! Imagine this spectacle!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s a Quadrantid?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_427433\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-427433\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014-400x213.jpg\" alt=\"A Quadrantid meteor photographed during the 2014 shower. \" width=\"400\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014-400x213.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014.jpg 466w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Quadrantid meteor photographed during the 2014 shower. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Maybe you haven’t heard of the Quadrantids? Unlike the more famous Perseids in August or the Leonids in November, the Quadrantids are lesser known, but still a highly productive show of shooting stars. Part of their obscurity may have to do with the typical weather conditions that prevail in January: each year this meteor shower is more prone to being preempted by an Earthly rain shower than its showy summer and autumn counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason for the Quadrantids’ anonymity might be their relatively brief window of the appearance. Typically, shower activity takes place over a week or two, with the meteor rates (the activity in meteors per hour) spread out in something of a Bell curve. The peak in activity for most showers may even span a couple of days, so often you can experience similar meteor rates on two consecutive mornings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not so with the Quadrantids, whose entire period of activity is mostly confined to less than a day. It’s as if the operator in the big meteor shower control tower in the sky flips an “on” switch and then, shortly after, flips it off again. The operator of typical meteor showers is more laid back about the affair, smoothly amping up the dimmer switch over a number of days, and then fading it down again after that. This means that you can spot a meteor days before and after the shower’s peak in activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that said, Quadrantid meteor shower activity can rival even the Perseid shower, with as many as 50 to 100 meteors per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where Do Meteor Showers Come From?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_427434\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-427434\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-400x220.png\" alt='Artist depiction of a the \"rock-comet\" 3200 Phaeton. ' width=\"400\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-400x220.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-768x422.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-672x372.png 672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist depiction of a the “rock-comet” 3200 Phaeton. \u003ccite>(JPL/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://geology.com/articles/meteor-shower.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meteor showers are caused\u003c/a> when the Earth passes through a lane of dust left behind by a comet—and in at least a couple of cases, including the Quadrantids, an asteroid. The parent body of Quadrantid meteors is called 2003 EH1, a type of small solar system object that astronomers sometimes call a “\u003ca href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2013/27nov_rockcomet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rock comet\u003c/a>“—basically an asteroid that periodically exudes gas and dust like a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Earth slams into the dust particles at its orbital speed of 18 miles per second, friction with Earth’s atmosphere vaporizes them in a split second, leaving incandescent trails across the sky for us to marvel at. It’s not unlike when a car on the freeway blasts through a cloud of flying insects, the windshield striking them at high speed to leave streaks across the glass…. Of course, meteor showers are more glamorous….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that every meteor you see is the fast and fiery end of a tiny piece of the solar system that has been flying around out there for billions of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Names of Meteor Showers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteor showers are named for the constellation they appear to radiate from—their “radiant point”. Perseids appear to issue forth from the constellation Perseus, Leonids from Leo, Geminids from the twins of Gemini, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Quadrantids are named for a constellation that is no longer counted among the ranks of the 88 constellations officially recognized in 1922. Quadrans Muralis–the “mural quadrant,” is an astronomical instrument used to measure the positions of objects in the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The radiant point for this shower is now located within the constellation Bootes, near the handle of the Big Dipper (or the tail of Ursa Major, the Big Bear). If you draw a line through the left-upper “cup” star of the Dipper and the two handle stars closest to it, these three point toward the Quadrantids radiant, about the length of the Dipper handle away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather is good and you choose to brave the cold, dark, and very early morning hours on January 4th, may the “ids” be with you….\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The annual Quadrantid Meteor Shower is heading our way for a brief appearance in the early morning hours of Monday, January 4. But catching one of these fiery streaks requires a bit of late night fortitude, and not a small amount of luck in the case of this particular shower. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704930847,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":955},"headData":{"title":"How To See The First Meteor Shower of 2016 | KQED","description":"The annual Quadrantid Meteor Shower is heading our way for a brief appearance in the early morning hours of Monday, January 4. But catching one of these fiery streaks requires a bit of late night fortitude, and not a small amount of luck in the case of this particular shower. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How To See The First Meteor Shower of 2016","datePublished":"2016-01-01T15:00:13.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:54:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/427345/how-to-see-the-first-meteor-shower-of-2016","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The annual \u003ca href=\"http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/meteors/quadrantids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quadrantid Meteor Shower\u003c/a> is heading our way for a brief appearance in the early morning hours of Monday, January 4. But catching one of these fiery streaks requires a bit of late night fortitude, and not a small amount of luck in the case of this particular shower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to see some of these meteors, here’s what you need to do. First, find a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/07/06/dark-secrets/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">good place to view\u003c/a> the northern sky that is as dark as possible—as far from city lights as you can get. Now for the part that requires the fortitude: you need to go there between midnight and dawn (Monday morning, January 4)….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s In It For Me?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some added bonuses to observing Quadrantids this year. First, the Moon will be in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases_calendar.phtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">waning Crescent phase\u003c/a>, and won’t rise until after 2:00 AM. So for the first couple of hours after midnight no moonlight will contend with your enjoyment of the night sky—and even after the Moon rises, it won’t be terribly bright. In fact, it’ll look beautiful….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other bonus for the very late night meteor watcher is a string of naked-eye planets. Mars is located near the Crescent Moon all evening, and farther to the west, high in the sky, is Jupiter. Closer to 6:00 AM, the planets Venus and Saturn will rise as a pair in the southeast, and for a brief spell before dawn you can see all four planets and the Moon strung up in a long line. Plus, hopefully, some meteors! Imagine this spectacle!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s a Quadrantid?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_427433\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-427433\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014-400x213.jpg\" alt=\"A Quadrantid meteor photographed during the 2014 shower. \" width=\"400\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014-400x213.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/quadrantid_newmexico_2014.jpg 466w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Quadrantid meteor photographed during the 2014 shower. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Maybe you haven’t heard of the Quadrantids? Unlike the more famous Perseids in August or the Leonids in November, the Quadrantids are lesser known, but still a highly productive show of shooting stars. Part of their obscurity may have to do with the typical weather conditions that prevail in January: each year this meteor shower is more prone to being preempted by an Earthly rain shower than its showy summer and autumn counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason for the Quadrantids’ anonymity might be their relatively brief window of the appearance. Typically, shower activity takes place over a week or two, with the meteor rates (the activity in meteors per hour) spread out in something of a Bell curve. The peak in activity for most showers may even span a couple of days, so often you can experience similar meteor rates on two consecutive mornings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not so with the Quadrantids, whose entire period of activity is mostly confined to less than a day. It’s as if the operator in the big meteor shower control tower in the sky flips an “on” switch and then, shortly after, flips it off again. The operator of typical meteor showers is more laid back about the affair, smoothly amping up the dimmer switch over a number of days, and then fading it down again after that. This means that you can spot a meteor days before and after the shower’s peak in activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that said, Quadrantid meteor shower activity can rival even the Perseid shower, with as many as 50 to 100 meteors per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where Do Meteor Showers Come From?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_427434\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-427434\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-400x220.png\" alt='Artist depiction of a the \"rock-comet\" 3200 Phaeton. ' width=\"400\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-400x220.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-768x422.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/dylhjvftbri1zoippsw3-672x372.png 672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist depiction of a the “rock-comet” 3200 Phaeton. \u003ccite>(JPL/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://geology.com/articles/meteor-shower.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meteor showers are caused\u003c/a> when the Earth passes through a lane of dust left behind by a comet—and in at least a couple of cases, including the Quadrantids, an asteroid. The parent body of Quadrantid meteors is called 2003 EH1, a type of small solar system object that astronomers sometimes call a “\u003ca href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2013/27nov_rockcomet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rock comet\u003c/a>“—basically an asteroid that periodically exudes gas and dust like a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Earth slams into the dust particles at its orbital speed of 18 miles per second, friction with Earth’s atmosphere vaporizes them in a split second, leaving incandescent trails across the sky for us to marvel at. It’s not unlike when a car on the freeway blasts through a cloud of flying insects, the windshield striking them at high speed to leave streaks across the glass…. Of course, meteor showers are more glamorous….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that every meteor you see is the fast and fiery end of a tiny piece of the solar system that has been flying around out there for billions of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Names of Meteor Showers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteor showers are named for the constellation they appear to radiate from—their “radiant point”. Perseids appear to issue forth from the constellation Perseus, Leonids from Leo, Geminids from the twins of Gemini, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Quadrantids are named for a constellation that is no longer counted among the ranks of the 88 constellations officially recognized in 1922. Quadrans Muralis–the “mural quadrant,” is an astronomical instrument used to measure the positions of objects in the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The radiant point for this shower is now located within the constellation Bootes, near the handle of the Big Dipper (or the tail of Ursa Major, the Big Bear). If you draw a line through the left-upper “cup” star of the Dipper and the two handle stars closest to it, these three point toward the Quadrantids radiant, about the length of the Dipper handle away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather is good and you choose to brave the cold, dark, and very early morning hours on January 4th, may the “ids” be with you….\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/427345/how-to-see-the-first-meteor-shower-of-2016","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28"],"tags":["science_541","science_1471","science_542"],"featImg":"science_427432","label":"science"},"science_199897":{"type":"posts","id":"science_199897","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"199897","score":null,"sort":[1440165637000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"flying-past-the-sun-rosetta-spacecraft-hitches-a-ride-on-a-comet","title":"Flying Past the Sun, Rosetta Spacecraft Hitches a Ride on a Comet","publishDate":1440165637,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Flying Past the Sun, Rosetta Spacecraft Hitches a Ride on a Comet | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>On Aug. 13, 2015 comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko achieved perihelion–its closest approach to the sun–accompanied by Europe’s Rosetta spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta arrived at the comet a year ago, and last Fall launched the Philae lander, which detected 16 different nitrogen- and carbon-rich organic compounds, four of which had never been found on a comet before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The composition of comets, in particular their mix of organic compounds, is an intriguing subject of investigation, since one of the theories for the emergence of life on Earth involves the contribution of organic compounds by comets, asteroids, and protoplanets early in the formation of the solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199900\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199900\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos-400x281.jpg\" alt=\"Image taken by the Philae lander at its final resting site, Abydos, shortly before going into hibernation.\" width=\"400\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos-400x281.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos.jpg 735w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image taken by the Philae lander at its final resting site, Abydos, shortly before going into hibernation. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/Philae/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Rosetta launched Philae in November 2014, the small spacecraft became the first ever to \u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Touchdown!_Rosetta_s_Philae_probe_lands_on_comet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">land on a comet\u003c/a>. And though that landing did not go as planned–systems designed to pin down and hold fast to the comet failed–Philae was able to collect and transmit a useful load of data from near and on the comet’s surface before its batteries wound down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since that encounter, and up to and beyond perihelion on August 13, Rosetta’s mission has been to observe the effects of increasing solar radiation on comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko (C-G) over a year that brought it three times closer to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago when Rosetta arrived, the comet was quietly exuding water vapor under the relatively gentle rays of the more distant sun. Picture a cube of ice that you just took out of the freezer and set on the counter: a light breath of vapor rolls gently from the cube’s surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, toss that ice cube onto a hot griddle. It sizzles energetically, spewing out jets of steam as the ice vaporizes under the heat.\u003cbr>\nIt’s something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of first encounter, well outside of Mars’ orbit, comet C-G gassed off a couple of drinking glass’ worth of water each second, a wisp of moisture supplied by its couple dozen square miles of surface area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199905\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion-400x134.jpg\" alt=\"Series of images captured by ESA's Rosetta spacecraft showing gas jets emerging from comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it approached the sun.\" width=\"400\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion-400x134.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Series of images captured by ESA’s Rosetta spacecraft showing gas jets emerging from comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it approached the sun. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Rosetta_s_big_day_in_the_Sun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">At perihelion\u003c/a>, activity had increased a thousand-fold. The comet was blasting off over 130 pounds of water and almost 500 pounds of dust per second into space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta captured many images of water and dust jets issuing from the comet over the months. One image in particular, taken only an hour before perihelion, shows a prominent plume bursting out energetically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this activity, as ices vaporize and blow away into space carrying dust with it, is what builds up the comet’s atmosphere—or coma. In some comets–usually those that get closer to the sun than C-G ever does—this coma is blown by the solar wind into the long, iconic tail we generally associate with the image of a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were hopes that the drained batteries of the Philae lander might recharge as sunlight levels increased—and this has in fact occurred. Philae has sent a few spurious signals to be relayed to Earth by the orbiting Rosetta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199901\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199901\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Image of the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from a distance of 62 miles.\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-400x400.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image of the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from a distance of 62 miles. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So far, though, intermittent pings are all that have come from the comet’s surface. Mission operators are still hopeful that Philae may yet deliver more data, but since the comet and its two tag-along spacecraft are moving farther from the sun each day, the chances will diminish with the sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, \u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Science_on_the_surface_of_a_comet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philae obtained very useful data\u003c/a> from its instruments upon landing and, as it turned out, during a couple of slow-speed “hops” it made after inadvertently bouncing off of its initial landing spot. Philae lighted upon two other locations before finally coming to rest at a site named Abydos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta will continue observing comet C-G’s activity in the aftermath of its solar close encounter, studying the effects of post-perihelion retreat as the comet cools and heads back to the other end of its orbit, aphelion—just beyond the orbit of Jupiter.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On August 13th 2015 comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko made its closest approach to the sun (perihelion), carrying Europe's Rosetta spacecraft along for the ride.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704931414,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":738},"headData":{"title":"Flying Past the Sun, Rosetta Spacecraft Hitches a Ride on a Comet | KQED","description":"On August 13th 2015 comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko made its closest approach to the sun (perihelion), carrying Europe's Rosetta spacecraft along for the ride.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Flying Past the Sun, Rosetta Spacecraft Hitches a Ride on a Comet","datePublished":"2015-08-21T14:00:37.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:03:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/199897/flying-past-the-sun-rosetta-spacecraft-hitches-a-ride-on-a-comet","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Aug. 13, 2015 comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko achieved perihelion–its closest approach to the sun–accompanied by Europe’s Rosetta spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta arrived at the comet a year ago, and last Fall launched the Philae lander, which detected 16 different nitrogen- and carbon-rich organic compounds, four of which had never been found on a comet before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The composition of comets, in particular their mix of organic compounds, is an intriguing subject of investigation, since one of the theories for the emergence of life on Earth involves the contribution of organic compounds by comets, asteroids, and protoplanets early in the formation of the solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199900\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199900\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos-400x281.jpg\" alt=\"Image taken by the Philae lander at its final resting site, Abydos, shortly before going into hibernation.\" width=\"400\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos-400x281.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/philaeatabydos.jpg 735w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image taken by the Philae lander at its final resting site, Abydos, shortly before going into hibernation. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/Philae/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Rosetta launched Philae in November 2014, the small spacecraft became the first ever to \u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Touchdown!_Rosetta_s_Philae_probe_lands_on_comet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">land on a comet\u003c/a>. And though that landing did not go as planned–systems designed to pin down and hold fast to the comet failed–Philae was able to collect and transmit a useful load of data from near and on the comet’s surface before its batteries wound down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since that encounter, and up to and beyond perihelion on August 13, Rosetta’s mission has been to observe the effects of increasing solar radiation on comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko (C-G) over a year that brought it three times closer to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago when Rosetta arrived, the comet was quietly exuding water vapor under the relatively gentle rays of the more distant sun. Picture a cube of ice that you just took out of the freezer and set on the counter: a light breath of vapor rolls gently from the cube’s surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, toss that ice cube onto a hot griddle. It sizzles energetically, spewing out jets of steam as the ice vaporizes under the heat.\u003cbr>\nIt’s something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of first encounter, well outside of Mars’ orbit, comet C-G gassed off a couple of drinking glass’ worth of water each second, a wisp of moisture supplied by its couple dozen square miles of surface area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199905\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion-400x134.jpg\" alt=\"Series of images captured by ESA's Rosetta spacecraft showing gas jets emerging from comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it approached the sun.\" width=\"400\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion-400x134.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Approaching_perihelion.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Series of images captured by ESA’s Rosetta spacecraft showing gas jets emerging from comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it approached the sun. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Rosetta_s_big_day_in_the_Sun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">At perihelion\u003c/a>, activity had increased a thousand-fold. The comet was blasting off over 130 pounds of water and almost 500 pounds of dust per second into space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta captured many images of water and dust jets issuing from the comet over the months. One image in particular, taken only an hour before perihelion, shows a prominent plume bursting out energetically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this activity, as ices vaporize and blow away into space carrying dust with it, is what builds up the comet’s atmosphere—or coma. In some comets–usually those that get closer to the sun than C-G ever does—this coma is blown by the solar wind into the long, iconic tail we generally associate with the image of a comet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were hopes that the drained batteries of the Philae lander might recharge as sunlight levels increased—and this has in fact occurred. Philae has sent a few spurious signals to be relayed to Earth by the orbiting Rosetta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199901\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-199901\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Image of the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from a distance of 62 miles.\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-400x400.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/comet-cg-62miles-rosetta-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image of the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from a distance of 62 miles. \u003ccite>(Rosetta/ESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So far, though, intermittent pings are all that have come from the comet’s surface. Mission operators are still hopeful that Philae may yet deliver more data, but since the comet and its two tag-along spacecraft are moving farther from the sun each day, the chances will diminish with the sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, \u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Science_on_the_surface_of_a_comet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philae obtained very useful data\u003c/a> from its instruments upon landing and, as it turned out, during a couple of slow-speed “hops” it made after inadvertently bouncing off of its initial landing spot. Philae lighted upon two other locations before finally coming to rest at a site named Abydos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosetta will continue observing comet C-G’s activity in the aftermath of its solar close encounter, studying the effects of post-perihelion retreat as the comet cools and heads back to the other end of its orbit, aphelion—just beyond the orbit of Jupiter.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/199897/flying-past-the-sun-rosetta-spacecraft-hitches-a-ride-on-a-comet","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28","science_40"],"tags":["science_1219","science_145","science_1220","science_541","science_1821","science_1215","science_542"],"featImg":"science_199898","label":"science"},"science_11920":{"type":"posts","id":"science_11920","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"11920","score":null,"sort":[1386950426000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"farewell-comet-ison-but-theres-other-celestial-visitors-this-month","title":"Farewell, Comet ISON, but There's Other Celestial Visitors This Month","publishDate":1386950426,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Farewell, Comet ISON, but There’s Other Celestial Visitors This Month | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/cometisonperhelion.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11923\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/cometisonperhelion.jpg\" alt=\"Comet ISON perihelion sequence. Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet ISON perihelion sequence. Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Comet ISON: “Rumors of my demise have not been exaggerated…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it was a great ride while it lasted. Comet ISON took us on a storybook-esque ride of what turned out to be the final months in its 5 billion year long life, and a thrilling story it was. Discovered only last year as it approached the inner solar system from the cold distant depths of the Oort Cloud, its erstwhile home, ISON was found to be plunging almost straight toward the sun—generating a lot of speculation in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would it survive its 730,000 mile closest-approach to the sun—perihelion–on Thanksgiving Day and emerge with a coma and tail bright and energized by solar heating? Or would it perish, torn apart by tidal forces and cooked beyond an inch of its life?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation is over, and the result is that ISON has disintegrated and is now at best only so much debris drifting back toward deep space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though we don’t have a comet of the century to enjoy this holiday season, ISON was by no means a failure. Far from it. \u003ca title=\"Comet ISON Postmortem - Phil Plait\" href=\"http://www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2013/12/01/comet_ison_post_mortem.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISON’s ultimately fatal close approach\u003c/a> to the sun was a chance for us to witness and study more than just a pretty veil of gas and dust shed from a comet’s outer layers. It has literally been a comet dissection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An array of Earth-and space-based telescopes (plus Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter out at Mars, ISON’s first port of call in the inner solar system) were able to observe ISON from when it was still more or less a pristine frozen nucleus of primordial ices left over from the solar system’s formation all the way to a very close perihelion. Along the way, ISON surprised us with sudden, unexpected outbursts of gas, and finally a complete breakup, \u003ca title=\"Comet ISON's demise caught on video\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasa-investigating-the-life-of-comet-ison/#.Uqd4_dJDt8E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">all caught on video\u003c/a> by the European SOHO and NASA’s STEREO spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It must have been an incredible sight. Can you imagine a mountain-sized ball of ice completely breaking up and vaporizing in only a few days’ time? If Hollywood were to make this dramatic breakup into a movie, they probably could not go over the top with special effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though there may be little to nothing left of ISON to latch our eyes and telescopes onto, ISON’s departure hasn’t left us with empty skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another comet, \u003ca title=\"Comet C/2013 R1 Lovejoy\" href=\"http://www.sci-news.com/space/science-c2013r1-comet-lovejoy-01607.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C/2013 R1 Lovejoy\u003c/a>, has been quietly shadowing its media-hog cousin ISON. Discovered only in September Lovejoy has already made its closest approach to Earth, back on November 19th, but has yet to reach perihelion, which takes place on December 22nd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas ISON’s perihelion on Thanksgiving was a harrowing 730,000 miles from the sun’s surface (less than one solar diameter), Lovejoy’s is a more sober 75 million miles—not even within Venus’ orbit. At this distance Lovejoy isn’t in any danger of breaking up or being vaporized, but also isn’t enjoying as much sunlight or media attention as ISON did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a way, Lovejoy is the mythical Daedalus to ISON’s Icarus. In the Greek myth, Daedalus was a master craftsman, and along with his son, Icarus, was imprisoned on Crete by King Minos. Daedalus constructed two sets of wings from feathers and wax for himself and Icarus so that they could escape (think Iron Man and hang-gliders.) Daedalus cautioned his son not to fly too close to the sun, but Icarus, giddy with the ability to fly, ignored the advice. The sun melted his wings and he plummeted into the sea and drowned. The wiser and more level headed Daedalus kept his distance from the sun and flew a safe course to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking of sun-grazing comets and mythical flying figures, there is a sun-grazer of a third variety making its presence known this month: \u003ca title=\"3200 Phaeton\" href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2013/27nov_rockcomet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3200 Phaethon—a “rock comet.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Greek myth, Phaethon was the son of the sun god, Helios. Wanting recognition as the son of a deity, Phaethon was given the keys to his dad’s chariot, but ended up driving so recklessly that he put the entire Earth in peril—so dad was forced to end the joy ride with a thunderbolt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3200 Phaethon is a sun-grazing asteroid that produces outbursts of dust as it orbits, leaving behind a trail of dust much as a comet does. Exactly how it sheds dust particles isn’t clearly understood, but may have something to do with the solar heating of hydrated minerals that outgas water vapor and carry dust with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Earth passes through 3200 Phaeton’s dust trail, which it is currently doing, we enjoy the annual Geminid meteor shower, which reaches a peak in meteor activity on December 13/14 this year. Ordinarily we associate meteor showers with Earth’s passage through the dust trails of comets, so the Geminid shower has added value as originating from a mysterious object that blurs the distinction between comets and asteroids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is, unlike Phaeton the reckless teen of myth, Phaeton the rock-comet poses no danger to the Earth.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Comet ISON is gone, Comet Lovejoy remains and a sun-grazing asteroid, 3200 Phaeton, is showing comet-like behavior. An interesting December to say the least.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704934547,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":898},"headData":{"title":"Farewell, Comet ISON, but There's Other Celestial Visitors This Month | KQED","description":"Comet ISON is gone, Comet Lovejoy remains and a sun-grazing asteroid, 3200 Phaeton, is showing comet-like behavior. An interesting December to say the least.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Farewell, Comet ISON, but There's Other Celestial Visitors This Month","datePublished":"2013-12-13T16:00:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:55:47.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/11920/farewell-comet-ison-but-theres-other-celestial-visitors-this-month","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/cometisonperhelion.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11923\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/cometisonperhelion.jpg\" alt=\"Comet ISON perihelion sequence. Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet ISON perihelion sequence. Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Comet ISON: “Rumors of my demise have not been exaggerated…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it was a great ride while it lasted. Comet ISON took us on a storybook-esque ride of what turned out to be the final months in its 5 billion year long life, and a thrilling story it was. Discovered only last year as it approached the inner solar system from the cold distant depths of the Oort Cloud, its erstwhile home, ISON was found to be plunging almost straight toward the sun—generating a lot of speculation in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would it survive its 730,000 mile closest-approach to the sun—perihelion–on Thanksgiving Day and emerge with a coma and tail bright and energized by solar heating? Or would it perish, torn apart by tidal forces and cooked beyond an inch of its life?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation is over, and the result is that ISON has disintegrated and is now at best only so much debris drifting back toward deep space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though we don’t have a comet of the century to enjoy this holiday season, ISON was by no means a failure. Far from it. \u003ca title=\"Comet ISON Postmortem - Phil Plait\" href=\"http://www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2013/12/01/comet_ison_post_mortem.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISON’s ultimately fatal close approach\u003c/a> to the sun was a chance for us to witness and study more than just a pretty veil of gas and dust shed from a comet’s outer layers. It has literally been a comet dissection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An array of Earth-and space-based telescopes (plus Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter out at Mars, ISON’s first port of call in the inner solar system) were able to observe ISON from when it was still more or less a pristine frozen nucleus of primordial ices left over from the solar system’s formation all the way to a very close perihelion. Along the way, ISON surprised us with sudden, unexpected outbursts of gas, and finally a complete breakup, \u003ca title=\"Comet ISON's demise caught on video\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasa-investigating-the-life-of-comet-ison/#.Uqd4_dJDt8E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">all caught on video\u003c/a> by the European SOHO and NASA’s STEREO spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It must have been an incredible sight. Can you imagine a mountain-sized ball of ice completely breaking up and vaporizing in only a few days’ time? If Hollywood were to make this dramatic breakup into a movie, they probably could not go over the top with special effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though there may be little to nothing left of ISON to latch our eyes and telescopes onto, ISON’s departure hasn’t left us with empty skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another comet, \u003ca title=\"Comet C/2013 R1 Lovejoy\" href=\"http://www.sci-news.com/space/science-c2013r1-comet-lovejoy-01607.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C/2013 R1 Lovejoy\u003c/a>, has been quietly shadowing its media-hog cousin ISON. Discovered only in September Lovejoy has already made its closest approach to Earth, back on November 19th, but has yet to reach perihelion, which takes place on December 22nd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas ISON’s perihelion on Thanksgiving was a harrowing 730,000 miles from the sun’s surface (less than one solar diameter), Lovejoy’s is a more sober 75 million miles—not even within Venus’ orbit. At this distance Lovejoy isn’t in any danger of breaking up or being vaporized, but also isn’t enjoying as much sunlight or media attention as ISON did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a way, Lovejoy is the mythical Daedalus to ISON’s Icarus. In the Greek myth, Daedalus was a master craftsman, and along with his son, Icarus, was imprisoned on Crete by King Minos. Daedalus constructed two sets of wings from feathers and wax for himself and Icarus so that they could escape (think Iron Man and hang-gliders.) Daedalus cautioned his son not to fly too close to the sun, but Icarus, giddy with the ability to fly, ignored the advice. The sun melted his wings and he plummeted into the sea and drowned. The wiser and more level headed Daedalus kept his distance from the sun and flew a safe course to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking of sun-grazing comets and mythical flying figures, there is a sun-grazer of a third variety making its presence known this month: \u003ca title=\"3200 Phaeton\" href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2013/27nov_rockcomet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3200 Phaethon—a “rock comet.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Greek myth, Phaethon was the son of the sun god, Helios. Wanting recognition as the son of a deity, Phaethon was given the keys to his dad’s chariot, but ended up driving so recklessly that he put the entire Earth in peril—so dad was forced to end the joy ride with a thunderbolt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3200 Phaethon is a sun-grazing asteroid that produces outbursts of dust as it orbits, leaving behind a trail of dust much as a comet does. Exactly how it sheds dust particles isn’t clearly understood, but may have something to do with the solar heating of hydrated minerals that outgas water vapor and carry dust with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Earth passes through 3200 Phaeton’s dust trail, which it is currently doing, we enjoy the annual Geminid meteor shower, which reaches a peak in meteor activity on December 13/14 this year. Ordinarily we associate meteor showers with Earth’s passage through the dust trails of comets, so the Geminid shower has added value as originating from a mysterious object that blurs the distinction between comets and asteroids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is, unlike Phaeton the reckless teen of myth, Phaeton the rock-comet poses no danger to the Earth.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/11920/farewell-comet-ison-but-theres-other-celestial-visitors-this-month","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28"],"tags":["science_145","science_541","science_542"],"featImg":"science_11923","label":"science"},"science_6805":{"type":"posts","id":"science_6805","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"6805","score":null,"sort":[1376060441000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"perseids-are-coming-find-out-when-and-where-to-view-them","title":"The Perseids Are Coming! Find Out When And Where To View Them","publishDate":1376060441,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Perseids Are Coming! Find Out When And Where To View Them | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6812\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/perseid-ron-garan.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6812\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/perseid-ron-garan.jpg\" alt=\"Perseid meteor imaged by Ron Garan on the International Space Station in 2011.\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6812\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perseid meteor imaged by Ron Garan on the International Space Station in 2011.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s time to drive headlong again into a cosmic bug swarm and watch the streaks they leave on the window pane of Earth’s atmosphere. Let’s try that again: It’s time to sweep up the dandruff left strewn through space by the hairy head of a passing comet. Third try: It’s time to enjoy the annual Perseid meteors, the Old Faithful of \u003ca href=\"http://stardate.org/nightsky/meteors\" title=\"2013 Meteor Showers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meteor showers\u003c/a> that lights up the August night and thoroughly delights those sleepy souls willing to stay up past midnight for one of nature’s original fireworks shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much better. For years I’ve been describing meteor showers as the streaks of bug-guts on a car windshield–I just think that says it all. A car speeding down the freeway drives through a stream of migrating insects, collecting streaks on the leading windshield from the ones it hits, but none on the rear window which trails the car. I was once advised to be more poetic, and less “ick-factor,” when describing the beauty of a shooting star…oh well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this time, in early August, Earth is passing through a lane of dust particles left behind by the passage of a comet through the inner solar system. Comets are balls of ice, dust, and rock. When they pass close to the sun, some of their ices are vaporized and shed into space as gas, carrying dust particles with it. It takes a couple of weeks for us to pass completely through the dust stream, but on August 11 and 12, we will be in the densest part of the cloud when the number of bug streaks…I mean meteors…is greatest. Best viewing is during the morning hours of Monday, August 12. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a good year to see Perseids; the waxing crescent moon will have long since set by the time the best shower viewing gets going post midnight (and best around 2 or 3 AM.) That’s because the morning side of the Earth faces the direction of its motion and leads into the dust trail that produces the Perseids. Under the morning sky, you are under Earth’s atmospheric “windshield.” You can’t see a lot of meteors before midnight since evening skies are on Earth’s trailing side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.ibtimes.com/perseid-meteor-shower-2013-best-places-see-shooting-stars-near-major-us-cities-1374945\" title=\"Best places to see the Perseids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">if you live in or near a city\u003c/a>, getting up past midnight is only the first step in Perseid catching. Getting away from city lights is the second step. Around the San Francisco Bay, some places you can get to without making a long trip include the Santa Cruz mountains (if you can find a spot with few trees), or north along Skyline Blvd. from Highway 9 to 92 (if fog isn’t a factor). In the South Bay, Henry Coe State Park is an excellent choice, with fairly dark skies, open spaces, and most importantly it is open 24×7. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the East Bay, Mount Diablo is a good locale, though the gate to the top of the mountain closes after sunset. The East Bay hills from south of Hayward up to Berkeley and Albany have plenty of dark spots along the ridge that are relatively shielded from city lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Bay offers plenty of relatively dark sky zones from Point Reyes through Sonoma County and into Napa. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For best viewing, face to the northeast after midnight; the constellation Perseus, the Perseids’ namesake and where the meteors appear to streak from, rises there shortly before midnight and spends the morning hours climbing higher in the eastern sky. Having a clear view of the northeastern horizon is a plus here. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re wondering which hairy comet shed the dandruff that produces this meteor shower, it’s comet Swift-Tuttle, a 16-mile sized chunk of ice, dust and probably some rock that orbits the sun every 133 years. Swift-Tuttle made its latest close passage by the sun in 1992–so we don’t expect it back again until around 2125. But its “children,” the dust specks of the Perseid meteor shower, can be seen every year at this time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have never made the time and effort to see a meteor shower in the way that is really required, here’s your chance! Yes, it’s a Monday morning, but don’t let that stop you. If the weather cooperates, you will not regret the loss of sleep.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It's time to enjoy the annual Perseid meteors, the Old Faithful of meteor showers that lights up the August night and thoroughly delights those sleepy souls willing to stay up past midnight for one of nature's original fireworks shows.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704935302,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":779},"headData":{"title":"The Perseids Are Coming! Find Out When And Where To View Them | KQED","description":"It's time to enjoy the annual Perseid meteors, the Old Faithful of meteor showers that lights up the August night and thoroughly delights those sleepy souls willing to stay up past midnight for one of nature's original fireworks shows.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Perseids Are Coming! Find Out When And Where To View Them","datePublished":"2013-08-09T15:00:41.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T01:08:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/6805/perseids-are-coming-find-out-when-and-where-to-view-them","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6812\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/perseid-ron-garan.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6812\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/perseid-ron-garan.jpg\" alt=\"Perseid meteor imaged by Ron Garan on the International Space Station in 2011.\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6812\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perseid meteor imaged by Ron Garan on the International Space Station in 2011.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s time to drive headlong again into a cosmic bug swarm and watch the streaks they leave on the window pane of Earth’s atmosphere. Let’s try that again: It’s time to sweep up the dandruff left strewn through space by the hairy head of a passing comet. Third try: It’s time to enjoy the annual Perseid meteors, the Old Faithful of \u003ca href=\"http://stardate.org/nightsky/meteors\" title=\"2013 Meteor Showers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meteor showers\u003c/a> that lights up the August night and thoroughly delights those sleepy souls willing to stay up past midnight for one of nature’s original fireworks shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much better. For years I’ve been describing meteor showers as the streaks of bug-guts on a car windshield–I just think that says it all. A car speeding down the freeway drives through a stream of migrating insects, collecting streaks on the leading windshield from the ones it hits, but none on the rear window which trails the car. I was once advised to be more poetic, and less “ick-factor,” when describing the beauty of a shooting star…oh well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this time, in early August, Earth is passing through a lane of dust particles left behind by the passage of a comet through the inner solar system. Comets are balls of ice, dust, and rock. When they pass close to the sun, some of their ices are vaporized and shed into space as gas, carrying dust particles with it. It takes a couple of weeks for us to pass completely through the dust stream, but on August 11 and 12, we will be in the densest part of the cloud when the number of bug streaks…I mean meteors…is greatest. Best viewing is during the morning hours of Monday, August 12. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a good year to see Perseids; the waxing crescent moon will have long since set by the time the best shower viewing gets going post midnight (and best around 2 or 3 AM.) That’s because the morning side of the Earth faces the direction of its motion and leads into the dust trail that produces the Perseids. Under the morning sky, you are under Earth’s atmospheric “windshield.” You can’t see a lot of meteors before midnight since evening skies are on Earth’s trailing side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.ibtimes.com/perseid-meteor-shower-2013-best-places-see-shooting-stars-near-major-us-cities-1374945\" title=\"Best places to see the Perseids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">if you live in or near a city\u003c/a>, getting up past midnight is only the first step in Perseid catching. Getting away from city lights is the second step. Around the San Francisco Bay, some places you can get to without making a long trip include the Santa Cruz mountains (if you can find a spot with few trees), or north along Skyline Blvd. from Highway 9 to 92 (if fog isn’t a factor). In the South Bay, Henry Coe State Park is an excellent choice, with fairly dark skies, open spaces, and most importantly it is open 24×7. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the East Bay, Mount Diablo is a good locale, though the gate to the top of the mountain closes after sunset. The East Bay hills from south of Hayward up to Berkeley and Albany have plenty of dark spots along the ridge that are relatively shielded from city lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Bay offers plenty of relatively dark sky zones from Point Reyes through Sonoma County and into Napa. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For best viewing, face to the northeast after midnight; the constellation Perseus, the Perseids’ namesake and where the meteors appear to streak from, rises there shortly before midnight and spends the morning hours climbing higher in the eastern sky. Having a clear view of the northeastern horizon is a plus here. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re wondering which hairy comet shed the dandruff that produces this meteor shower, it’s comet Swift-Tuttle, a 16-mile sized chunk of ice, dust and probably some rock that orbits the sun every 133 years. Swift-Tuttle made its latest close passage by the sun in 1992–so we don’t expect it back again until around 2125. But its “children,” the dust specks of the Perseid meteor shower, can be seen every year at this time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have never made the time and effort to see a meteor shower in the way that is really required, here’s your chance! Yes, it’s a Monday morning, but don’t let that stop you. If the weather cooperates, you will not regret the loss of sleep.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/6805/perseids-are-coming-find-out-when-and-where-to-view-them","authors":["6180"],"categories":["science_28","science_40"],"tags":["science_145","science_541","science_542","science_545"],"featImg":"science_6812","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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