Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu
Where Can I See Monarch Butterflies in California This Winter?
Flying Termites Take a Dangerous Journey to a New Life
How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood
Walking Sticks Stop, Drop and Clone to Survive
You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach
The Curious Webspinner Insect Knits a Cozy Home
These Giant Leaf Insects Will Sway Your Heart
Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits
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You’re on the Menu","publishDate":1701184594,"format":"video","headTitle":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they’re more likely to feast on you, too. That’s a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that’s deadly to both dogs and humans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To pet a dog is to know peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who’s this interloper? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a brown dog tick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the most widespread tick in the world, and the most adapted to living among us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown dog ticks are thought to have evolved alongside burrowing carnivores like foxes and weasels – and came indoors when we domesticated dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be found in and around homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what’s worse, they spread bacteria that can be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t the ticks known for carrying Lyme disease. Those are blacklegged ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick has grooves along its back, and they’re a solid, reddish brown. See the difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad085\">Assistant professor of animal science at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Laura Backus, whose research on the brown dog tick we explored in this episode, has spent a lot of time looking into tick populations in California and Mexico during her Ph.D. and postdoc at the University of California, Davis. Check out her team’s work exploring the role of wildlife in tick-borne diseases in this paper!\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bugscope.beckman.illinois.edu/\">Microscopist T Josek took the incredible pictures of the brown dog tick’s Haller’s organ you saw in this episode. Learn more about their organization, Bugscope at the University of Illinois’s Beckman Institute here.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what kind of tick they are, they want one thing: blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to find that blood, they use what’s called the Haller’s organ, one near the tip of each foreleg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ticks use them to pick up chemical signals from the air: carbon dioxide, pheromones and humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists believe the Haller’s organ even lets ticks detect the body heat of their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All ticks have them, but they use them differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blacklegged tick “quests” – it stays put, waving its forelegs to sense when it can hop aboard a host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick hunts, using that Haller’s organ to home in on a potential target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its name suggests, a brown dog tick is happy to take all its meals from dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the right conditions, the brown dog tick will dine on you, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, because they can transmit bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a terrible disease that can kill both dogs and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rocky Mountain spotted fever usually occurs in small clusters in the United States and is relatively rare. But outbreaks in northern Mexico have killed hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And rising temperatures due to climate change are sparking some troubling tick behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s particularly hot out, brown dog ticks start craving human blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To investigate this, University of California, Davis researchers put a very good dog in a box and a very good human in another, connected by a plastic tube with hungry brown dog ticks inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t worry – there’s a screen here and here. The ticks can’t actually get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At room temperature, the ticks preferred dogs. But when researchers heated up the tube, to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, brown dog ticks preferred – you guessed it – us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still trying to determine why. In the meantime, researchers are developing vaccines to protect us from the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tick treatments can keep the pests off of dogs. But they’re expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sonoran Desert, in Southern California, volunteers remove ticks by putting their tweezers right up against a dog’s skin and pulling straight up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one is full of dog blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they give the dogs oral medicine for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at these happy pals!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then it’s back to the petting frenzy you both deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi, it’s Laura. Wanna know more about those blacklegged ticks? Zoom in with us to see just how they dig in with a gnarly mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, please don’t forget to subscribe and click that little notification bell. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they're more likely to feast on you, too. That's a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that's deadly to both dogs and humans.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845816,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":742},"headData":{"title":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu | KQED","description":"Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they're more likely to feast on you, too. That's a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that's deadly to both dogs and humans.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. 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That’s a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that’s deadly to both dogs and humans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To pet a dog is to know peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who’s this interloper? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a brown dog tick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the most widespread tick in the world, and the most adapted to living among us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown dog ticks are thought to have evolved alongside burrowing carnivores like foxes and weasels – and came indoors when we domesticated dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be found in and around homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what’s worse, they spread bacteria that can be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t the ticks known for carrying Lyme disease. Those are blacklegged ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick has grooves along its back, and they’re a solid, reddish brown. See the difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad085\">Assistant professor of animal science at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Laura Backus, whose research on the brown dog tick we explored in this episode, has spent a lot of time looking into tick populations in California and Mexico during her Ph.D. and postdoc at the University of California, Davis. Check out her team’s work exploring the role of wildlife in tick-borne diseases in this paper!\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bugscope.beckman.illinois.edu/\">Microscopist T Josek took the incredible pictures of the brown dog tick’s Haller’s organ you saw in this episode. Learn more about their organization, Bugscope at the University of Illinois’s Beckman Institute here.\u003cbr>\n","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what kind of tick they are, they want one thing: blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to find that blood, they use what’s called the Haller’s organ, one near the tip of each foreleg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ticks use them to pick up chemical signals from the air: carbon dioxide, pheromones and humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists believe the Haller’s organ even lets ticks detect the body heat of their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All ticks have them, but they use them differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blacklegged tick “quests” – it stays put, waving its forelegs to sense when it can hop aboard a host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick hunts, using that Haller’s organ to home in on a potential target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its name suggests, a brown dog tick is happy to take all its meals from dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the right conditions, the brown dog tick will dine on you, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, because they can transmit bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a terrible disease that can kill both dogs and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rocky Mountain spotted fever usually occurs in small clusters in the United States and is relatively rare. But outbreaks in northern Mexico have killed hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And rising temperatures due to climate change are sparking some troubling tick behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s particularly hot out, brown dog ticks start craving human blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To investigate this, University of California, Davis researchers put a very good dog in a box and a very good human in another, connected by a plastic tube with hungry brown dog ticks inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t worry – there’s a screen here and here. The ticks can’t actually get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At room temperature, the ticks preferred dogs. But when researchers heated up the tube, to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, brown dog ticks preferred – you guessed it – us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still trying to determine why. In the meantime, researchers are developing vaccines to protect us from the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tick treatments can keep the pests off of dogs. But they’re expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sonoran Desert, in Southern California, volunteers remove ticks by putting their tweezers right up against a dog’s skin and pulling straight up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one is full of dog blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they give the dogs oral medicine for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at these happy pals!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then it’s back to the petting frenzy you both deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi, it’s Laura. Wanna know more about those blacklegged ticks? Zoom in with us to see just how they dig in with a gnarly mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, please don’t forget to subscribe and click that little notification bell. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985541/dog-ticks-are-changing-their-diet-youre-on-the-menu","authors":["11833"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_31","science_32","science_35","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970","science_2266","science_4414","science_83","science_157"],"featImg":"science_1985542","label":"science_1935"},"science_1985049":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985049","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985049","score":null,"sort":[1699032916000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-see-monarch-butterflies-are-visiting-california","title":"Where Can I See Monarch Butterflies in California This Winter?","publishDate":1699032916,"format":"image","headTitle":"Where Can I See Monarch Butterflies in California This Winter? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Update, 11:30 a.m., Jan. 31\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizen scientists and volunteers have counted over 233,300 monarch butterflies across the western United States as part of \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/western-monarch-count-tallies-233394-butterflies/\">Xerces Society’s 27th annual count\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This total, calculated from Nov. 11 through Dec. 3, 2023, is slightly lower than last year’s count — and remains at just 5% of their \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/blog/current-status-of-western-monarch-butterflies-by-numbers\">numbers from the 1980s when the monarch population was in the millions\u003c/a>. But it is far better than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971791/only-2000-monarch-butterflies-remain-in-california-but-they-still-dont-have-protection\">2020’s record-low count of just 2,000 butterflies \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956190/just-29000-western-monarch-butterflies-are-left-in-california-thats-down-from-millions\">2021’s meager 29,000.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite ongoing efforts to save the butterflies, western monarchs face a decades-long severe decline. “A lot of insect loss — not just for monarchs — is linked to habitat loss, and part of the solution is widespread rewilding and habitat restoration,” said Emma Pelton, a monarch conservation biologist with the Xerces Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of pesticides, disease and a changing climate may also have contributed to the decline in monarch butterflies, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 400 volunteers and partners participated in the annual Thanksgiving count coordinated by the Xerces Society. “Volunteers and partners are the heartbeat of the Western Monarch Count community science effort,” said Isis Howard, who coordinates the count for the Xerces Society. “They embody a collective commitment to the conservation of western monarch butterflies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/volunteer/wmc\">Read more about volunteering for the monarch butterfly count\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story from Nov. 3, 2023, continues:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fall and winter are when western monarch butterflies get all the spotlight here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901374/how-you-can-help-save-the-monarch-butterfly-and-other-pollinators\">these brilliant fluttering insects in hues of orange and black\u003c/a> make their way from west of the Rocky Mountain Range to the many overwintering sites in coastal California. Our coastal forests provide a mild seaside climate and suitable microhabitat for them to cluster to stay warm before leaving again in early spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual monarch butterfly migration cycle is one of the most spectacular events in the insect world. Western monarchs usually start showing up here in coastal California right around mid-October. This year, some of the very first clusters were reported at the very beginning of October — which is a little earlier than in the past few years, according to Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist at Xerces Society, a wildlife organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In really warm fall years, we see later aggregating and clustering,” Pelton said. But because the Pacific coast has had more “chaotic weather patterns” in recent years due to climate change, she noted, it’s not always easy to predict precisely when the monarch clustering will occur. And it’s local weather conditions that really drive a lot of these butterflies to cluster or then break up, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985064\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2124px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985064\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2124\" height=\"1411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669.jpg 2124w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2124px) 100vw, 2124px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) resting on a tree branch in their winter nesting area. Taken in Santa Cruz, California. \u003ccite>(GomezDavid/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Where to see monarchs near the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coastal groves and eucalyptus trees provide a temperate and protected environment for the butterflies during their hibernation. So, if you want to see their bright colors, you’ll want to head south on Hwy 1 from the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few places in California where monarchs frequently find refuge in colder winter months:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pgmuseum.org/monarch-viewing/\">Pacific Grove’s butterfly grove\u003c/a> near Monterey\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=550\">Lighthouse Field State Beach\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=595\">Pismo State Beach\u003c/a> in San Luis Obispo\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some lesser-known sites in Alameda county in the Bay Area where monarchs have been seen in the past include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/ardenwood\">The Ardenwood Historic Farm\u003c/a> in Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/aquatic-park\">Berkeley Aquatic Park\u003c/a> in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/56/1670\">Albany Hill Park\u003c/a> in Albany\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Xerces has a \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/map-of-overwintering-sites/\">map of all the monarch butterfly overwintering sites in California\u003c/a>, but note that some of these locations might not be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Western monarch numbers over the years\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='science_1980427,news_11901374,science_1956190' label='Related coverage']In the 1980s, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calparks.org/monarchs\">over 4 million western monarch butterflies migrated to the coast annually\u003c/a>. But by the mid-2010s, the population had declined to around 200,000 butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In both 2018 and 2019, volunteers counted under 30,000 monarchs. That downward pattern continued in 2020, when volunteers counted a record low of less than 2,000 monarchs, according to Xerces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some good news, however, has come in more recent years. In 2021 and 2022, the numbers went back up to around the 300,000 mark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this has inspired a lot more hope that the migration can be saved. And we need to double down on our conservation actions,” said Pelton, with the Xerces Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reasons like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956190/just-29000-western-monarch-butterflies-are-left-in-california-thats-down-from-millions\">habitat loss, use of pesticides, disease, and a changing climate\u003c/a> may have contributed to the decline in monarch butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I help monarch butterflies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The easiest way to get involved is to log your monarch sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you see a monarch, Pelton encourages folks to record that on community science applications like \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">iNaturalist\u003c/a>. Not only that, you can also help by logging sightings of milkweed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/milkweed-faq\">the plant monarch butterfly’s need for their caterpillars\u003c/a>. The data from iNaturalist feeds into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.monarchmilkweedmapper.org/\">Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper\u003c/a>, which is used by researchers in the monarch world to “understand where and when butterflies are, where and when milkweed is,” Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another way people can help with monarch butterfly conservation is by planting more native milkweed in their home gardens or neighborhoods, like in community gardens, schools or at places of worship. “I think everyone has a role in planting nectar plants that support monarchs,” Pelton said. Through programs like the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/pollinator-conservation/habitat-kits\">Xerces Habitat Kit\u003c/a>, folks can apply for free native milkweed and other host plants for other butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DC8INr7tvQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing to note: Pelton advises avoiding the tropical milkweed species Asclepias Curassavica. Tropical milkweed can potentially interrupt monarch migration and help spread disease caused by a parasite called Ophryocystis elektroscirrha, or OE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s increasing evidence showing that pesticides may be contributing to the declining monarch populations, Pelton said. This means that thinking about ways to lower our reliance on pesticides in general, both in our agricultural and urban areas, can be a significant way to support the habitat for monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton advocates for focusing on “the bigger picture issues like climate change policies, pesticide regulation and registration — things that support wildlife, native plants, and native habitats on our landscape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can I take part in the annual Thanksgiving and New Year’s count of monarchs?[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist at Xerces Society\"]“I like to think of monarchs as a little bit of a Trojan horse. We’re going to get people hooked, and then really we’re going to get them into all these other conservation [efforts].”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peak numbers for monarch butterflies begin in November — which is also the time when Xerces conducts their annual Thanksgiving monarch count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year will be the 27th annual \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/\">Western Monarch Count\u003c/a>, and volunteers can take part between Nov. 11 and Dec. 3 during the Thanksgiving count and again between Dec. 23 and Jan. 7 during the New Year’s count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdILTQuNbV0SOT7IJ7MaGqHtTrBU8NlCCxeupxtmjtzb7xa9w/viewform\">sign up\u003c/a> to join a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/sunrise-monarch-count-training-with-zach-zito-and-the-xerces-society-tickets-740309725317?utm_source=eventbrite&utm_medium=email&utm_content=follow_notification&utm_campaign=following_published_event&utm_term=Sunrise+Monarch+Count+Training+with+Zach+Zito+and+the+Xerces+Society&aff=ebemoffollowpublishemail\">free training on Nov. 4\u003c/a>. You’ll also have access to \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernmonarchcount.org/training-videos/\">online training videos\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Next step for conservation enthusiasts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelton hopes that some of the excitement around western monarch conservation can spread to other insects that are maybe less beloved. “I like to think of monarchs as a little bit of a Trojan horse,” she said. “We’re going to get people hooked, and then really we’re going to get them into all these other conservation [efforts].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the conservation of California’s beautiful black and yellow bumble bees, for example. The California Bumble Bee Atlas is a community science effort to track and conserve the species, which Pelton calls “big, fuzzy, beautiful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have very clear patterns on them,” she said — and it doesn’t take a ton of training or time to start to be able to identify individual species of the bumblebee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biodiversity crisis and how that intersects with the climate change crisis is something that we also all should be thinking about, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Habitat is just one of those really great ways where we can tackle the problem — by creating refuges and creating a diversity of habitats [wildlife] can use, so they can adapt in a changing climate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706732496,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1446},"headData":{"title":"Where Can I See Monarch Butterflies in California This Winter? | KQED","description":"Update, 11:30 a.m., Jan. 31 Citizen scientists and volunteers have counted over 233,300 monarch butterflies across the western United States as part of Xerces Society’s 27th annual count. This total, calculated from Nov. 11 through Dec. 3, 2023, is slightly lower than last year’s count — and remains at just 5% of their numbers from the 1980s when the monarch population was in the millions. But it is far better than 2020’s record-low count of just 2,000 butterflies or 2021’s meager 29,000. Despite ongoing efforts to save the butterflies, western monarchs face a decades-long severe decline. “A lot of insect","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Where Can I See Monarch Butterflies in California This Winter?","datePublished":"2023-11-03T17:35:16.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-31T20:21:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Monarch Butterflies","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985049/how-to-see-monarch-butterflies-are-visiting-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Update, 11:30 a.m., Jan. 31\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizen scientists and volunteers have counted over 233,300 monarch butterflies across the western United States as part of \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/western-monarch-count-tallies-233394-butterflies/\">Xerces Society’s 27th annual count\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This total, calculated from Nov. 11 through Dec. 3, 2023, is slightly lower than last year’s count — and remains at just 5% of their \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/blog/current-status-of-western-monarch-butterflies-by-numbers\">numbers from the 1980s when the monarch population was in the millions\u003c/a>. But it is far better than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971791/only-2000-monarch-butterflies-remain-in-california-but-they-still-dont-have-protection\">2020’s record-low count of just 2,000 butterflies \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956190/just-29000-western-monarch-butterflies-are-left-in-california-thats-down-from-millions\">2021’s meager 29,000.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite ongoing efforts to save the butterflies, western monarchs face a decades-long severe decline. “A lot of insect loss — not just for monarchs — is linked to habitat loss, and part of the solution is widespread rewilding and habitat restoration,” said Emma Pelton, a monarch conservation biologist with the Xerces Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of pesticides, disease and a changing climate may also have contributed to the decline in monarch butterflies, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 400 volunteers and partners participated in the annual Thanksgiving count coordinated by the Xerces Society. “Volunteers and partners are the heartbeat of the Western Monarch Count community science effort,” said Isis Howard, who coordinates the count for the Xerces Society. “They embody a collective commitment to the conservation of western monarch butterflies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/volunteer/wmc\">Read more about volunteering for the monarch butterfly count\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story from Nov. 3, 2023, continues:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fall and winter are when western monarch butterflies get all the spotlight here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901374/how-you-can-help-save-the-monarch-butterfly-and-other-pollinators\">these brilliant fluttering insects in hues of orange and black\u003c/a> make their way from west of the Rocky Mountain Range to the many overwintering sites in coastal California. Our coastal forests provide a mild seaside climate and suitable microhabitat for them to cluster to stay warm before leaving again in early spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual monarch butterfly migration cycle is one of the most spectacular events in the insect world. Western monarchs usually start showing up here in coastal California right around mid-October. This year, some of the very first clusters were reported at the very beginning of October — which is a little earlier than in the past few years, according to Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist at Xerces Society, a wildlife organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In really warm fall years, we see later aggregating and clustering,” Pelton said. But because the Pacific coast has had more “chaotic weather patterns” in recent years due to climate change, she noted, it’s not always easy to predict precisely when the monarch clustering will occur. And it’s local weather conditions that really drive a lot of these butterflies to cluster or then break up, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1985064\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2124px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1985064\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2124\" height=\"1411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669.jpg 2124w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-184945669-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2124px) 100vw, 2124px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) resting on a tree branch in their winter nesting area. Taken in Santa Cruz, California. \u003ccite>(GomezDavid/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Where to see monarchs near the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coastal groves and eucalyptus trees provide a temperate and protected environment for the butterflies during their hibernation. So, if you want to see their bright colors, you’ll want to head south on Hwy 1 from the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few places in California where monarchs frequently find refuge in colder winter months:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pgmuseum.org/monarch-viewing/\">Pacific Grove’s butterfly grove\u003c/a> near Monterey\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=550\">Lighthouse Field State Beach\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=595\">Pismo State Beach\u003c/a> in San Luis Obispo\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some lesser-known sites in Alameda county in the Bay Area where monarchs have been seen in the past include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/ardenwood\">The Ardenwood Historic Farm\u003c/a> in Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/aquatic-park\">Berkeley Aquatic Park\u003c/a> in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/56/1670\">Albany Hill Park\u003c/a> in Albany\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Xerces has a \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/map-of-overwintering-sites/\">map of all the monarch butterfly overwintering sites in California\u003c/a>, but note that some of these locations might not be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Western monarch numbers over the years\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1980427,news_11901374,science_1956190","label":"Related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the 1980s, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calparks.org/monarchs\">over 4 million western monarch butterflies migrated to the coast annually\u003c/a>. But by the mid-2010s, the population had declined to around 200,000 butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In both 2018 and 2019, volunteers counted under 30,000 monarchs. That downward pattern continued in 2020, when volunteers counted a record low of less than 2,000 monarchs, according to Xerces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some good news, however, has come in more recent years. In 2021 and 2022, the numbers went back up to around the 300,000 mark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this has inspired a lot more hope that the migration can be saved. And we need to double down on our conservation actions,” said Pelton, with the Xerces Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reasons like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956190/just-29000-western-monarch-butterflies-are-left-in-california-thats-down-from-millions\">habitat loss, use of pesticides, disease, and a changing climate\u003c/a> may have contributed to the decline in monarch butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I help monarch butterflies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The easiest way to get involved is to log your monarch sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you see a monarch, Pelton encourages folks to record that on community science applications like \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\">iNaturalist\u003c/a>. Not only that, you can also help by logging sightings of milkweed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/milkweed-faq\">the plant monarch butterfly’s need for their caterpillars\u003c/a>. The data from iNaturalist feeds into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.monarchmilkweedmapper.org/\">Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper\u003c/a>, which is used by researchers in the monarch world to “understand where and when butterflies are, where and when milkweed is,” Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another way people can help with monarch butterfly conservation is by planting more native milkweed in their home gardens or neighborhoods, like in community gardens, schools or at places of worship. “I think everyone has a role in planting nectar plants that support monarchs,” Pelton said. Through programs like the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/pollinator-conservation/habitat-kits\">Xerces Habitat Kit\u003c/a>, folks can apply for free native milkweed and other host plants for other butterflies.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3DC8INr7tvQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3DC8INr7tvQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing to note: Pelton advises avoiding the tropical milkweed species Asclepias Curassavica. Tropical milkweed can potentially interrupt monarch migration and help spread disease caused by a parasite called Ophryocystis elektroscirrha, or OE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s increasing evidence showing that pesticides may be contributing to the declining monarch populations, Pelton said. This means that thinking about ways to lower our reliance on pesticides in general, both in our agricultural and urban areas, can be a significant way to support the habitat for monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton advocates for focusing on “the bigger picture issues like climate change policies, pesticide regulation and registration — things that support wildlife, native plants, and native habitats on our landscape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can I take part in the annual Thanksgiving and New Year’s count of monarchs?\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"“I like to think of monarchs as a little bit of a Trojan horse. We’re going to get people hooked, and then really we’re going to get them into all these other conservation [efforts].”","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist at Xerces Society","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peak numbers for monarch butterflies begin in November — which is also the time when Xerces conducts their annual Thanksgiving monarch count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year will be the 27th annual \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/\">Western Monarch Count\u003c/a>, and volunteers can take part between Nov. 11 and Dec. 3 during the Thanksgiving count and again between Dec. 23 and Jan. 7 during the New Year’s count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdILTQuNbV0SOT7IJ7MaGqHtTrBU8NlCCxeupxtmjtzb7xa9w/viewform\">sign up\u003c/a> to join a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/sunrise-monarch-count-training-with-zach-zito-and-the-xerces-society-tickets-740309725317?utm_source=eventbrite&utm_medium=email&utm_content=follow_notification&utm_campaign=following_published_event&utm_term=Sunrise+Monarch+Count+Training+with+Zach+Zito+and+the+Xerces+Society&aff=ebemoffollowpublishemail\">free training on Nov. 4\u003c/a>. You’ll also have access to \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernmonarchcount.org/training-videos/\">online training videos\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Next step for conservation enthusiasts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelton hopes that some of the excitement around western monarch conservation can spread to other insects that are maybe less beloved. “I like to think of monarchs as a little bit of a Trojan horse,” she said. “We’re going to get people hooked, and then really we’re going to get them into all these other conservation [efforts].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the conservation of California’s beautiful black and yellow bumble bees, for example. The California Bumble Bee Atlas is a community science effort to track and conserve the species, which Pelton calls “big, fuzzy, beautiful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have very clear patterns on them,” she said — and it doesn’t take a ton of training or time to start to be able to identify individual species of the bumblebee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biodiversity crisis and how that intersects with the climate change crisis is something that we also all should be thinking about, Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Habitat is just one of those really great ways where we can tackle the problem — by creating refuges and creating a diversity of habitats [wildlife] can use, so they can adapt in a changing climate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985049/how-to-see-monarch-butterflies-are-visiting-california","authors":["11631"],"categories":["science_2874","science_35","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4992","science_259","science_5178","science_194","science_205","science_83","science_157","science_703","science_2053","science_804"],"featImg":"science_1985061","label":"source_science_1985049"},"science_1978298":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1978298","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1978298","score":null,"sort":[1643724510000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"flying-termites-take-a-dangerous-journey-to-a-new-life","title":"Flying Termites Take a Dangerous Journey to a New Life","publishDate":1643724510,"format":"video","headTitle":"Flying Termites Take a Dangerous Journey to a New Life | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>After the first big rain, western subterranean termites swarm by the thousands. Hungry ants, spiders and birds pick them off as they emerge from the soil. The survivors fly off to find mates, and quickly drop their delicate wings to start new underground colonies. If you’re really unlucky, they’ll build tubes of mud and saliva from their nest to yours.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Once a year, on a warm fall day, these winged creatures emerge by the thousands. Western subterranean termites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They follow the first rain after the dry California summer, pushing through the softened soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s no stopping them. They crawl through cracks in the road and holes in tree stumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re envoys from an underground world. The colonies send them up, these swarming termites called alates. With wings that last just hours, they’ll flutter away, find a mate, and start colonies of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a crucial operation for the survival of the species. So, soldier termites stand guard over the crowd. Soldiers have huge heads, with menacing mandibles to defend against predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the everyday life of a colony, soldiers watch over the workers, these milky-white nestmates that rear the young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because they’re both blind, this soldier vibrates its head to warn the workers away from danger, like this exposed spot where the bark has peeled away. Out in the open, they could be picked off. So, they retreat to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danger is at its highest on that momentous day when the alates come out and swarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ants attack them as they emerge and the termite soldiers are quickly overwhelmed. The ants cart the alates off, bit by bit, to feed \u003cem>their\u003c/em> hungry colony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spiders also make off with a few. Everyone wants a piece of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survivors fly a short distance, sometimes just a few feet. Alates can see, which helps them find mates from nearby colonies, where the same exodus is underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They shed their wings and the male follows the female’s scent pretty closely. Soon, they’ll dig into the earth and start their own colony, crowning themselves king and queen. These two alone will make thousands of termites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They all groom each other to get rid of anything that could make the colony sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the workers forage for the termites’ only food – the cellulose that helps give wood its structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Termites eat decaying trees and break them down. In that way, they’re incredibly useful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they become our enemy when they go for the wood inside our homes. They build tubes out of saliva and soil to connect their nest to yours. The insects dry out easily and need these covered shelter tubes to stay moist. Once they’re in, they chow down along the grain of the wood.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\nSee photos of the \u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7415.html\">different kinds of shelter tubes that subterranean termites build to get in and out of a house\u003c/a> in this fact sheet by the UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\nSometimes, you can see their most recent lumber meal inside their translucent bellies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they pass on some nutritious liquids to the young’uns, yep, through their backside. This feeding style is called anal trophallaxis. Bon appétit!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hey, you don’t have to invite them for dinner. Just call pest control! And if you see one of these, you want to do this … to drive those tenacious termites back outside, where they really belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, Deep Peeps, what’s colorful and cute, but still a little creepy? You guessed it: ladybugs. They spend most of their lives alone, munching on aphids. But every winter they gather by the thousands in a big ol’ cuddle puddle. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ever seen tiny discarded insect wings while out on a hike or near your house? They’re leftovers from a huge termite swarm. Once a year, western subterranean termites fly out by the thousands throughout California. Hungry ants, spiders and birds pick them off as they emerge from the soil. The survivors flutter off to find mates, and quickly drop their delicate wings to start new underground colonies. If you’re unlucky, they’ll build tubes of mud and saliva from their nest to yours.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846321,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":646},"headData":{"title":"Flying Termites Take a Dangerous Journey to a New Life | KQED","description":"Ever seen tiny discarded insect wings while out on a hike or near your house? They’re leftovers from a huge termite swarm. Once a year, western subterranean termites fly out by the thousands throughout California. Hungry ants, spiders and birds pick them off as they emerge from the soil. The survivors flutter off to find mates, and quickly drop their delicate wings to start new underground colonies. If you’re unlucky, they’ll build tubes of mud and saliva from their nest to yours.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Flying Termites Take a Dangerous Journey to a New Life","datePublished":"2022-02-01T14:08:30.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:25:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/1yI5DXH6z88","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/science/1978298/flying-termites-take-a-dangerous-journey-to-a-new-life","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cem>After the first big rain, western subterranean termites swarm by the thousands. Hungry ants, spiders and birds pick them off as they emerge from the soil. The survivors fly off to find mates, and quickly drop their delicate wings to start new underground colonies. If you’re really unlucky, they’ll build tubes of mud and saliva from their nest to yours.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Once a year, on a warm fall day, these winged creatures emerge by the thousands. Western subterranean termites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They follow the first rain after the dry California summer, pushing through the softened soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s no stopping them. They crawl through cracks in the road and holes in tree stumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re envoys from an underground world. The colonies send them up, these swarming termites called alates. With wings that last just hours, they’ll flutter away, find a mate, and start colonies of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a crucial operation for the survival of the species. So, soldier termites stand guard over the crowd. Soldiers have huge heads, with menacing mandibles to defend against predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the everyday life of a colony, soldiers watch over the workers, these milky-white nestmates that rear the young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because they’re both blind, this soldier vibrates its head to warn the workers away from danger, like this exposed spot where the bark has peeled away. Out in the open, they could be picked off. So, they retreat to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danger is at its highest on that momentous day when the alates come out and swarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ants attack them as they emerge and the termite soldiers are quickly overwhelmed. The ants cart the alates off, bit by bit, to feed \u003cem>their\u003c/em> hungry colony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spiders also make off with a few. Everyone wants a piece of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survivors fly a short distance, sometimes just a few feet. Alates can see, which helps them find mates from nearby colonies, where the same exodus is underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They shed their wings and the male follows the female’s scent pretty closely. Soon, they’ll dig into the earth and start their own colony, crowning themselves king and queen. These two alone will make thousands of termites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They all groom each other to get rid of anything that could make the colony sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the workers forage for the termites’ only food – the cellulose that helps give wood its structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Termites eat decaying trees and break them down. In that way, they’re incredibly useful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they become our enemy when they go for the wood inside our homes. They build tubes out of saliva and soil to connect their nest to yours. The insects dry out easily and need these covered shelter tubes to stay moist. Once they’re in, they chow down along the grain of the wood.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\nSee photos of the \u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7415.html\">different kinds of shelter tubes that subterranean termites build to get in and out of a house\u003c/a> in this fact sheet by the UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program.\u003cbr>\n","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nSometimes, you can see their most recent lumber meal inside their translucent bellies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they pass on some nutritious liquids to the young’uns, yep, through their backside. This feeding style is called anal trophallaxis. Bon appétit!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hey, you don’t have to invite them for dinner. Just call pest control! And if you see one of these, you want to do this … to drive those tenacious termites back outside, where they really belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, Deep Peeps, what’s colorful and cute, but still a little creepy? You guessed it: ladybugs. They spend most of their lives alone, munching on aphids. But every winter they gather by the thousands in a big ol’ cuddle puddle. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1978298/flying-termites-take-a-dangerous-journey-to-a-new-life","authors":["6186"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970","science_83"],"featImg":"science_1978320","label":"science_1935"},"science_1977520":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1977520","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1977520","score":null,"sort":[1636466407000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-a-kissing-bug-becomes-a-balloon-full-of-your-blood","title":"How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood","publishDate":1636466407,"format":"video","headTitle":"How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>A kissing bug gorges on your blood. Then it poops on you. And that poop might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease, which can be deadly. Without knowing it, millions of people have gotten the parasite in Latin America, where these insects live in many rural homes. As if that wasn’t bad enough, the saliva of some kissing bugs in the U.S. can give you a dangerous allergic reaction.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kissing bug isn’t going to give you a loving peck when it sticks you with that tucked-away proboscis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could actually make you really sick, even kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes its move at night, while you’re sleeping. It likes your warm body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kissing bugs get their name because they often bite near the lips or eyes, but they’ll dig in anywhere you’ve left uncovered. A little anesthetic guarantees you won’t wake up while they feed on you for 10, 20, even 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every kissing bug needs several huge meals during the year or two it lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it gulps, its exoskeleton stretches like a balloon, to fit up to 12 times its weight in blood. This pliability is called plasticization. How it started. How it’s going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that hot liquid could stress an insect’s body and stunt its growth. So the kissing bug cools it down – inside its head. Your warm blood flows in. The cool insect blood, called hemolymph, absorbs the heat and releases it through the top of the bug’s long head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this infrared video, you can see the blood cool down by more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit before it reaches the bug’s abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the bug is safe. You, on the other hand, are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It injects saliva as it sucks your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a scientist squeezing some out. The saliva has proteins that can give people a deadly allergic reaction called anaphylaxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets much, much worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK. This is super gross. After eating – sometimes while it’s eating – the bug poops. And that poop – and urine – might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease. If the bug’s victim rubs these feces and urine into the bite wound or their eyes, the parasite can infect them. Years later, as many as one third of the people who got the parasite develop heart disease that can kill them, sometimes suddenly. Pregnant women can even pass the parasite onto their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few contract the parasite in the U.S., even though kissing bugs live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Latin America, millions of people have become infected. There, kissing bugs are known by many different names: chinche besucona … chinche … pito … vinchuca … barbeiro. In rural areas, these kissing bug species live in people’s homes, in the cracks of the walls. And in animal coops. Spraying has helped bring down infections. But hundreds of thousands of people have left their home countries for the U.S., not knowing the bug gave them the parasite. A simple blood test can find it and medications can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American Southwest, the bugs live in the nests of wild animals, like this pack rat den in Arizona, where biologists Anita and Chuck Kristensen collect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Kissing bug, kissing bug! Genuine kissing bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, they feed on the pack rats. But in late spring and summer, the bugs sometimes travel from these nests into someone’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So sealing off your house, with screens on your windows – and even vents – is one way to keep out these stealthy bloodsuckers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Peeps! Wading through medical information is so overwhelming. Enter PBS Vitals, a brand new health and wellness show. Registered nurse Sheena Williams and Dr. Alok Patel answer your questions with humor, integrity and heart. Link in the description. Tell them Deep Look sent you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kissing bugs in the US\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, kissing bugs – also known as conenose bugs – are most prevalent in the foothill areas surrounding the Central Valley and in the foothills and desert areas of Southern California. Find out \u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7455.html\">how you can keep kissing bugs out of your house\u003c/a> from the UC Integrated Pest Management Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entomologists at Texas A&M University have put together a website with photos of kissing bugs and a \u003ca href=\"https://kissingbug.tamu.edu/\">map showing where they live in the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing for Chagas disease\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people with Chagas became infected with the parasite in rural areas of Mexico, Central America and South America. The disease is regularly transmitted in \u003ca href=\"http://www.infochagas.org/en/en-que-paises-hay-chagas\">21 countries\u003c/a>, among them Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil. Transmission doesn’t occur in the Caribbean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., where kissing bugs very rarely transmit Chagas, researchers estimate that some 350,000 Latin American immigrants contracted the parasite in their home countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blood test can find the parasite and two medications, nifurtimox and benznidazole, can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any immigrants from Latin America should probably be tested at least once,” said Dr. Caryn Bern, who studies Chagas at UCSF. She said that any health care provider can order a screening test through their usual lab system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since pregnant women can pass the parasite onto their babies, women from Latin America or whose own mothers grew up there should get tested. Bern recommended that women test before they become pregnant because these medications can’t be taken during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2007, nearly all blood banks in the U.S. started \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/gen_info/screening.html\">screening blood donations\u003c/a> for the parasite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://chagasus.org/\">Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease at the Olive View-UCLA Medical Center\u003c/a> in Sylmar, near Los Angeles, has additional guidelines on \u003ca href=\"https://chagasus.org/do-i-have-chagas/\">who should be tested for the parasite\u003c/a> and offers care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pan American Health Organization has information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.paho.org/en/topics/chagas-disease\">the disease in Latin America\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/index.html\">Chagas disease in the U.S. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of \u003ca href=\"https://uschagasnetwork.org/providers\">doctors around the U.S. who have experience treating Chagas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003cstrong>for health care providers\u003c/strong> – and anyone else – who would like to learn more, the CDC offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/chagas/course1.html\">an online course.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health care providers with questions\u003c/strong> can contact the CDC for consultation on all aspects of Chagas disease: Division of Parasitic Diseases Public Inquiries line, 404-718-4745; for emergencies after business hours, 770-488-7100; email parasites@cdc.gov.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mal de Chagas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Organización Panamericana de la Salud creó un video de dos minutos en español sobre \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/KmKoQFMICoU\">cómo se propaga el mal de Chagas en Latinoamérica\u003c/a>. Y también tiene \u003ca href=\"https://www.paho.org/es/temas/enfermedad-chagas\">información sobre la enfermedad. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kissing bug bites can cause anaphylaxis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent University of Arizona study in Tucson and Bisbee, where kissing bugs commonly enter homes in the summer, found that \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31295438/\">10% of people who had been bitten by the bugs had developed anaphylaxis\u003c/a>, a severe allergic reaction brought on by proteins in the bugs’ saliva. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, which can cause death if the patient isn’t treated right away with medication.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A kissing bug gorges on your blood. Then it poops on you. And that poop might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease, which can be deadly. Without knowing it, millions of people have gotten the parasite in Latin America, where these insects live in many rural homes. As if that wasn’t bad enough, the saliva of some kissing bugs in the U.S. can give you a dangerous allergic reaction.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846372,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":43,"wordCount":1225},"headData":{"title":"How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood | KQED","description":"A kissing bug gorges on your blood. Then it poops on you. And that poop might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease, which can be deadly. Without knowing it, millions of people have gotten the parasite in Latin America, where these insects live in many rural homes. As if that wasn’t bad enough, the saliva of some kissing bugs in the U.S. can give you a dangerous allergic reaction.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood","datePublished":"2021-11-09T14:00:07.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:26:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/79bVKq_vTR0","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/science/1977520/how-a-kissing-bug-becomes-a-balloon-full-of-your-blood","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cem>A kissing bug gorges on your blood. Then it poops on you. And that poop might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease, which can be deadly. Without knowing it, millions of people have gotten the parasite in Latin America, where these insects live in many rural homes. As if that wasn’t bad enough, the saliva of some kissing bugs in the U.S. can give you a dangerous allergic reaction.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kissing bug isn’t going to give you a loving peck when it sticks you with that tucked-away proboscis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could actually make you really sick, even kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes its move at night, while you’re sleeping. It likes your warm body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kissing bugs get their name because they often bite near the lips or eyes, but they’ll dig in anywhere you’ve left uncovered. A little anesthetic guarantees you won’t wake up while they feed on you for 10, 20, even 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every kissing bug needs several huge meals during the year or two it lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it gulps, its exoskeleton stretches like a balloon, to fit up to 12 times its weight in blood. This pliability is called plasticization. How it started. How it’s going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that hot liquid could stress an insect’s body and stunt its growth. So the kissing bug cools it down – inside its head. Your warm blood flows in. The cool insect blood, called hemolymph, absorbs the heat and releases it through the top of the bug’s long head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this infrared video, you can see the blood cool down by more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit before it reaches the bug’s abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the bug is safe. You, on the other hand, are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It injects saliva as it sucks your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a scientist squeezing some out. The saliva has proteins that can give people a deadly allergic reaction called anaphylaxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets much, much worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK. This is super gross. After eating – sometimes while it’s eating – the bug poops. And that poop – and urine – might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease. If the bug’s victim rubs these feces and urine into the bite wound or their eyes, the parasite can infect them. Years later, as many as one third of the people who got the parasite develop heart disease that can kill them, sometimes suddenly. Pregnant women can even pass the parasite onto their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few contract the parasite in the U.S., even though kissing bugs live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Latin America, millions of people have become infected. There, kissing bugs are known by many different names: chinche besucona … chinche … pito … vinchuca … barbeiro. In rural areas, these kissing bug species live in people’s homes, in the cracks of the walls. And in animal coops. Spraying has helped bring down infections. But hundreds of thousands of people have left their home countries for the U.S., not knowing the bug gave them the parasite. A simple blood test can find it and medications can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American Southwest, the bugs live in the nests of wild animals, like this pack rat den in Arizona, where biologists Anita and Chuck Kristensen collect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Kissing bug, kissing bug! Genuine kissing bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, they feed on the pack rats. But in late spring and summer, the bugs sometimes travel from these nests into someone’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So sealing off your house, with screens on your windows – and even vents – is one way to keep out these stealthy bloodsuckers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Peeps! Wading through medical information is so overwhelming. Enter PBS Vitals, a brand new health and wellness show. Registered nurse Sheena Williams and Dr. Alok Patel answer your questions with humor, integrity and heart. Link in the description. Tell them Deep Look sent you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kissing bugs in the US\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, kissing bugs – also known as conenose bugs – are most prevalent in the foothill areas surrounding the Central Valley and in the foothills and desert areas of Southern California. Find out \u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7455.html\">how you can keep kissing bugs out of your house\u003c/a> from the UC Integrated Pest Management Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entomologists at Texas A&M University have put together a website with photos of kissing bugs and a \u003ca href=\"https://kissingbug.tamu.edu/\">map showing where they live in the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing for Chagas disease\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people with Chagas became infected with the parasite in rural areas of Mexico, Central America and South America. The disease is regularly transmitted in \u003ca href=\"http://www.infochagas.org/en/en-que-paises-hay-chagas\">21 countries\u003c/a>, among them Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil. Transmission doesn’t occur in the Caribbean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., where kissing bugs very rarely transmit Chagas, researchers estimate that some 350,000 Latin American immigrants contracted the parasite in their home countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blood test can find the parasite and two medications, nifurtimox and benznidazole, can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any immigrants from Latin America should probably be tested at least once,” said Dr. Caryn Bern, who studies Chagas at UCSF. She said that any health care provider can order a screening test through their usual lab system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since pregnant women can pass the parasite onto their babies, women from Latin America or whose own mothers grew up there should get tested. Bern recommended that women test before they become pregnant because these medications can’t be taken during pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2007, nearly all blood banks in the U.S. started \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/gen_info/screening.html\">screening blood donations\u003c/a> for the parasite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://chagasus.org/\">Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease at the Olive View-UCLA Medical Center\u003c/a> in Sylmar, near Los Angeles, has additional guidelines on \u003ca href=\"https://chagasus.org/do-i-have-chagas/\">who should be tested for the parasite\u003c/a> and offers care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pan American Health Organization has information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.paho.org/en/topics/chagas-disease\">the disease in Latin America\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/index.html\">Chagas disease in the U.S. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of \u003ca href=\"https://uschagasnetwork.org/providers\">doctors around the U.S. who have experience treating Chagas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003cstrong>for health care providers\u003c/strong> – and anyone else – who would like to learn more, the CDC offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/chagas/course1.html\">an online course.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health care providers with questions\u003c/strong> can contact the CDC for consultation on all aspects of Chagas disease: Division of Parasitic Diseases Public Inquiries line, 404-718-4745; for emergencies after business hours, 770-488-7100; email parasites@cdc.gov.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mal de Chagas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Organización Panamericana de la Salud creó un video de dos minutos en español sobre \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/KmKoQFMICoU\">cómo se propaga el mal de Chagas en Latinoamérica\u003c/a>. Y también tiene \u003ca href=\"https://www.paho.org/es/temas/enfermedad-chagas\">información sobre la enfermedad. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kissing bug bites can cause anaphylaxis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent University of Arizona study in Tucson and Bisbee, where kissing bugs commonly enter homes in the summer, found that \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31295438/\">10% of people who had been bitten by the bugs had developed anaphylaxis\u003c/a>, a severe allergic reaction brought on by proteins in the bugs’ saliva. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, which can cause death if the patient isn’t treated right away with medication.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1977520/how-a-kissing-bug-becomes-a-balloon-full-of-your-blood","authors":["6186"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_39","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970","science_4414","science_83"],"featImg":"science_1977658","label":"science_1935"},"science_1958912":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1958912","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1958912","score":null,"sort":[1585054845000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"walking-sticks-stop-drop-and-clone-to-survive","title":"Walking Sticks Stop, Drop and Clone to Survive","publishDate":1585054845,"format":"video","headTitle":"Walking Sticks Stop, Drop and Clone to Survive | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]There’s that old cheesy joke: What’s brown and sticky? A stick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes it’s not just a stick — but a walking stick. This non-native insect, originally from India, relies on clever camouflage to hide from predators. They’re so skilled at remaining undercover, you may not have noticed that they’ve made themselves right at home in your local park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1959196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1959196 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1020x568.jpg\" alt=\"walking stick nymph\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1020x568.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-768x428.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1038x576.jpg 1038w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1920x1069.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Indian walking stick nymph as seen on the University of California Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Bay Area researchers are studying the insects’ genetics to learn more about how they are such masters of camouflage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t think of any other insect as effective as they are in remaining hidden in plain sight,” said Edward Ramirez, an undergraduate researcher at the University of California, Berkeley who is currently studying the genetics of Indian walking sticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘How is this possible?’ was always the question that came to mind, so I wanted to search for a more clear answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the unusual insects, who live on every continent except Antarctica, are readily available as subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958917\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1020x650.jpg\" alt=\"Edward Ramirez\" width=\"640\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1920x1224.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edward Ramirez, an undergraduate researcher at the University of California, Berkeley is currently studying the genetics of Indian walking sticks. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very prevalent invasive species that can be found all throughout California, including right here on campus,” Ramirez said. “All of our specimens we study were collected when they’re out and about at night around the nearby creek, since they’re nocturnal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colors are an important part of a stick insect’s camouflage defense. When these stick insects first hatch, they’re brown. As they mature and go through successive molts, they may change to an array of vibrant colors – from light green to a much darker brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958918\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-1020x560.jpg\" alt=\"walking sticks\" width=\"640\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-1020x560.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-160x88.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-800x440.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-768x422.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick.jpg 1691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The wide variety of colors found in Indian walking sticks remains a mystery to researchers. \u003ccite>(Aaron Pomerantz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Having adults in a variety of colors allows them to occupy and better survive in different parts of a plant,” Ramirez said. “Having a darker stick insect may allow it to blend in more with the trunk of a tree or the darker stems of ivy and blackberry. On the other hand, lighter green stick insects have an advantage on greener surfaces such as the bottom of leaves or greener stems of plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These differences in color also affect how well they can escape predators. A darker stick insect can use another means of defense — behavioral mimicry — if it feels threatened. Once it tucks in its limbs, it’ll fall down to the ground and “look like a dead twig,” Ramirez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One puzzle Ramirez is trying to solve is why there’s such a colorful palette of Indian walking sticks. They’re parthenogenic, which means the females don’t need males to reproduce. They can actually clone themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958921\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958921\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"green walking stick\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A green Indian walking stick blends in with its leafy green background. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So to see a wide variety of different colors in the stick insects is very interesting because if they’re clones of the mother they should all be the same exact thing, but they’re not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something that’s really interesting to explore and would definitely require more genetic analysis, which we haven’t gotten to quite yet. But hopefully someday that’ll be possible in the future,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason could be due to genetic mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are plenty of other species that undergo parthenogenesis such as aphids, species of bees, ants, wasps, flies, and others which all go through similar asexual cloning mechanisms and can have mutations,” Ramirez said. “However, these insects contain very little or do not have any noticeable color variation compared to the Indian stick insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramirez said he hopes to use the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/436872/explainer-the-new-gene-editing-tool-significantly-more-precise-than-crispr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool\u003c/a> to try and unlock the mysteries behind the Indian walking stick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also planning to apply to dental school after he graduates later this year, with the goal of using what he’s learned studying walking sticks. His background in genetics and gene editing will help him in emerging fields of research, such as bioengineering human teeth using stem cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This would be revolutionary for dentistry as patients who have lost their permanent teeth could have them replaced,” Ramirez said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Indian walking sticks are more than just twig impersonators. They even clone themselves into a surprising variety of colors to stay hidden in plain sight from predators.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847631,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":772},"headData":{"title":"Walking Sticks Stop, Drop and Clone to Survive | KQED","description":"Indian walking sticks are more than just twig impersonators. They even clone themselves into a surprising variety of colors to stay hidden in plain sight from predators.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Indian walking sticks are more than just twig impersonators. They even clone themselves into a surprising variety of colors to stay hidden in plain sight from predators.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Walking Sticks Stop, Drop and Clone to Survive","datePublished":"2020-03-24T13:00:45.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:47:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/Nxs0Q7ktaKU","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1958912/walking-sticks-stop-drop-and-clone-to-survive","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There’s that old cheesy joke: What’s brown and sticky? A stick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes it’s not just a stick — but a walking stick. This non-native insect, originally from India, relies on clever camouflage to hide from predators. They’re so skilled at remaining undercover, you may not have noticed that they’ve made themselves right at home in your local park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1959196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1959196 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1020x568.jpg\" alt=\"walking stick nymph\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1020x568.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-768x428.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1038x576.jpg 1038w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/nymph-1920x1069.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Indian walking stick nymph as seen on the University of California Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Bay Area researchers are studying the insects’ genetics to learn more about how they are such masters of camouflage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t think of any other insect as effective as they are in remaining hidden in plain sight,” said Edward Ramirez, an undergraduate researcher at the University of California, Berkeley who is currently studying the genetics of Indian walking sticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘How is this possible?’ was always the question that came to mind, so I wanted to search for a more clear answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the unusual insects, who live on every continent except Antarctica, are readily available as subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958917\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1020x650.jpg\" alt=\"Edward Ramirez\" width=\"640\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Edwardlab-1920x1224.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edward Ramirez, an undergraduate researcher at the University of California, Berkeley is currently studying the genetics of Indian walking sticks. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very prevalent invasive species that can be found all throughout California, including right here on campus,” Ramirez said. “All of our specimens we study were collected when they’re out and about at night around the nearby creek, since they’re nocturnal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colors are an important part of a stick insect’s camouflage defense. When these stick insects first hatch, they’re brown. As they mature and go through successive molts, they may change to an array of vibrant colors – from light green to a much darker brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958918\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-1020x560.jpg\" alt=\"walking sticks\" width=\"640\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-1020x560.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-160x88.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-800x440.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick-768x422.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/colors_walking_stick.jpg 1691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The wide variety of colors found in Indian walking sticks remains a mystery to researchers. \u003ccite>(Aaron Pomerantz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Having adults in a variety of colors allows them to occupy and better survive in different parts of a plant,” Ramirez said. “Having a darker stick insect may allow it to blend in more with the trunk of a tree or the darker stems of ivy and blackberry. On the other hand, lighter green stick insects have an advantage on greener surfaces such as the bottom of leaves or greener stems of plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These differences in color also affect how well they can escape predators. A darker stick insect can use another means of defense — behavioral mimicry — if it feels threatened. Once it tucks in its limbs, it’ll fall down to the ground and “look like a dead twig,” Ramirez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One puzzle Ramirez is trying to solve is why there’s such a colorful palette of Indian walking sticks. They’re parthenogenic, which means the females don’t need males to reproduce. They can actually clone themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958921\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1958921\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"green walking stick\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL707_resting_walking_stick-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A green Indian walking stick blends in with its leafy green background. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So to see a wide variety of different colors in the stick insects is very interesting because if they’re clones of the mother they should all be the same exact thing, but they’re not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something that’s really interesting to explore and would definitely require more genetic analysis, which we haven’t gotten to quite yet. But hopefully someday that’ll be possible in the future,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason could be due to genetic mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are plenty of other species that undergo parthenogenesis such as aphids, species of bees, ants, wasps, flies, and others which all go through similar asexual cloning mechanisms and can have mutations,” Ramirez said. “However, these insects contain very little or do not have any noticeable color variation compared to the Indian stick insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramirez said he hopes to use the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/436872/explainer-the-new-gene-editing-tool-significantly-more-precise-than-crispr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool\u003c/a> to try and unlock the mysteries behind the Indian walking stick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also planning to apply to dental school after he graduates later this year, with the goal of using what he’s learned studying walking sticks. His background in genetics and gene editing will help him in emerging fields of research, such as bioengineering human teeth using stem cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This would be revolutionary for dentistry as patients who have lost their permanent teeth could have them replaced,” Ramirez said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1958912/walking-sticks-stop-drop-and-clone-to-survive","authors":["2100"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_86"],"tags":["science_57","science_327","science_83","science_190"],"featImg":"science_1959194","label":"science_1935"},"science_1955611":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1955611","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1955611","score":null,"sort":[1581429600000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"you-wish-you-had-mites-like-this-hissing-cockroach","title":"You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach","publishDate":1581429600,"format":"video","headTitle":"You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]As the weather starts to warm and cold days give way to balmier, sunny days, one rite of spring returns every year, just like spring flowers: cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955645\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroach\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) perches on the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people run to buy a can of bug spray or to call the exterminator when they see the scurrying little insects in their kitchens or outside their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all roaches are pests. Some are pets – like the Madagascar hissing cockroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayvivarium.com/invert\">bought at pet stores\u003c/a> or online for $5 or less. They don’t bite and don’t carry diseases. They are also much larger than the run-of-the-mill roach, with adults averaging about 3 inches long. They live up to five years. They are slow-moving and mellow – kind of like an old tabby cat. But with antennae. And an appetite for fresh vegetables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just a combination of size, cheapness, and they’re usually docile,” said Joshua Benoit, an \u003ca href=\"http://insectphysiology.uc.edu/\">assistant professor of biological sciences at the University of Cincinnati\u003c/a>. “They’re not aggressive, they don’t move fast. A combination of all those factors probably makes them pretty popular.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native to the remote island off the Eastern coast of Africa, they’re famous for a cool sound. They hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955639\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroaches\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955639\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) eat leaves. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most other insects, like crickets and some beetles, make noises by rubbing body parts together, known as stridulation. Insects breathe using internal air sacs and tubes that take oxygen to all over their bodies. On the outside of their bodies, they have openings called spiracles. If a hissing cockroach force air through these spiracles rapidly, then it makes that signature sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as hissing, I can’t think of any other kinds of insect that hisses. I think you have to be kind of large to do that, and maybe a small bug couldn’t do it,” said Steve Heydon, senior museum scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://bohart.ucdavis.edu/\">Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The huge roaches are a big hit at the museum, especially with kids. It has dozens on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The males are territorial, so they’ll set up little territories,” Heydon said. “If another male comes along, then they’ll hiss and they’ll kind of ram into each other. Kind of like little deer fighting, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the males also court the females with another hiss. Kind of a softer, gentler hiss. And then there’s also an alarm hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you pick them up, they’ll hiss like crazy,” Heydon said. “Just to do something unexpected in the hopes that they can get dropped and they’ll have another chance to get away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madagascar hissing cockroaches don’t pose a health risk because they’re cleaner than pest cockroaches, like the German or brown-banded variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955637\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach sits on spoon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955637\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A brown-banded cockroach sits on a dirty spoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocturnal scavengers, the pest cockroaches rummage for food during the witching hours in your kitchen, bathrooms, trash and drains. They’re not that discriminating when it comes to what they eat. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resources/vector288to301.pdf\">World Health Organization report\u003c/a> noted that they’ll feed on just about anything, in addition to human food: “their own cast-off skins, dead and crippled cockroaches, fresh and dried blood, excrement, sputum, and the fingernails and toenails of babies and sleeping or sick persons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason their big exotic hissing cousins are cleaner? They’ve got special mites that live on them their entire lives. These tiny cleanup artists keep them tidier than other cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people assume that they’re bad, because people assume you don’t want to get mites,” Benoit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re actually symbiotic. They keep the surface of the cockroaches clean. They live about twice as long. And the mites are obligate, so they can’t live anywhere else, at least as far as we know, except on the surface of the cockroach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955641\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach mites\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955641\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) with mites (Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi) on its face clings to the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.osu.edu/mites-on-hissing-coackroach-may-benefit-humans-with-allergies/\">Benoit co-authored a study\u003c/a> several years ago that showed these tiny mites eat the saliva and organic debris that fosters mold growth on the cockroaches’ bodies – thus potentially reducing allergic responses among humans who handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be shy about picking up a Madagascar hissing cockroach. You’ll often find them at museums and zoos for interactive educational activities. The Bohart Museum of Entomology shows off its collection regularly during educational days that are open to the public, like its upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://biodiversitymuseumday.ucdavis.edu/\">Biodiversity Museum Day\u003c/a> on Feb. 15. Or stop by your local pet shop if you’re looking for a more hypoallergenic, low-maintenance critter than Fido or Fifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone accidentally kills one, you could probably replace it for the kids,” Benoit joked. “They would never know.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Not all roaches are filthy. The Madagascar hissing cockroach actually makes a pretty sweet pet, thanks to the hungry mites that serve as its cleaning crew.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847786,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":884},"headData":{"title":"You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach | KQED","description":"Not all roaches are filthy. The Madagascar hissing cockroach actually makes a pretty sweet pet, thanks to the hungry mites that serve as its cleaning crew.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Not all roaches are filthy. The Madagascar hissing cockroach actually makes a pretty sweet pet, thanks to the hungry mites that serve as its cleaning crew.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach","datePublished":"2020-02-11T14:00:00.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:49:46.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3gvx8UQiZA","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1955611/you-wish-you-had-mites-like-this-hissing-cockroach","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As the weather starts to warm and cold days give way to balmier, sunny days, one rite of spring returns every year, just like spring flowers: cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955645\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroach\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) perches on the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people run to buy a can of bug spray or to call the exterminator when they see the scurrying little insects in their kitchens or outside their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all roaches are pests. Some are pets – like the Madagascar hissing cockroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayvivarium.com/invert\">bought at pet stores\u003c/a> or online for $5 or less. They don’t bite and don’t carry diseases. They are also much larger than the run-of-the-mill roach, with adults averaging about 3 inches long. They live up to five years. They are slow-moving and mellow – kind of like an old tabby cat. But with antennae. And an appetite for fresh vegetables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just a combination of size, cheapness, and they’re usually docile,” said Joshua Benoit, an \u003ca href=\"http://insectphysiology.uc.edu/\">assistant professor of biological sciences at the University of Cincinnati\u003c/a>. “They’re not aggressive, they don’t move fast. A combination of all those factors probably makes them pretty popular.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native to the remote island off the Eastern coast of Africa, they’re famous for a cool sound. They hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955639\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroaches\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955639\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) eat leaves. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most other insects, like crickets and some beetles, make noises by rubbing body parts together, known as stridulation. Insects breathe using internal air sacs and tubes that take oxygen to all over their bodies. On the outside of their bodies, they have openings called spiracles. If a hissing cockroach force air through these spiracles rapidly, then it makes that signature sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as hissing, I can’t think of any other kinds of insect that hisses. I think you have to be kind of large to do that, and maybe a small bug couldn’t do it,” said Steve Heydon, senior museum scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://bohart.ucdavis.edu/\">Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The huge roaches are a big hit at the museum, especially with kids. It has dozens on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The males are territorial, so they’ll set up little territories,” Heydon said. “If another male comes along, then they’ll hiss and they’ll kind of ram into each other. Kind of like little deer fighting, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the males also court the females with another hiss. Kind of a softer, gentler hiss. And then there’s also an alarm hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you pick them up, they’ll hiss like crazy,” Heydon said. “Just to do something unexpected in the hopes that they can get dropped and they’ll have another chance to get away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madagascar hissing cockroaches don’t pose a health risk because they’re cleaner than pest cockroaches, like the German or brown-banded variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955637\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach sits on spoon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955637\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A brown-banded cockroach sits on a dirty spoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocturnal scavengers, the pest cockroaches rummage for food during the witching hours in your kitchen, bathrooms, trash and drains. They’re not that discriminating when it comes to what they eat. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resources/vector288to301.pdf\">World Health Organization report\u003c/a> noted that they’ll feed on just about anything, in addition to human food: “their own cast-off skins, dead and crippled cockroaches, fresh and dried blood, excrement, sputum, and the fingernails and toenails of babies and sleeping or sick persons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason their big exotic hissing cousins are cleaner? They’ve got special mites that live on them their entire lives. These tiny cleanup artists keep them tidier than other cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people assume that they’re bad, because people assume you don’t want to get mites,” Benoit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re actually symbiotic. They keep the surface of the cockroaches clean. They live about twice as long. And the mites are obligate, so they can’t live anywhere else, at least as far as we know, except on the surface of the cockroach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955641\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach mites\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955641\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) with mites (Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi) on its face clings to the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.osu.edu/mites-on-hissing-coackroach-may-benefit-humans-with-allergies/\">Benoit co-authored a study\u003c/a> several years ago that showed these tiny mites eat the saliva and organic debris that fosters mold growth on the cockroaches’ bodies – thus potentially reducing allergic responses among humans who handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be shy about picking up a Madagascar hissing cockroach. You’ll often find them at museums and zoos for interactive educational activities. The Bohart Museum of Entomology shows off its collection regularly during educational days that are open to the public, like its upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://biodiversitymuseumday.ucdavis.edu/\">Biodiversity Museum Day\u003c/a> on Feb. 15. Or stop by your local pet shop if you’re looking for a more hypoallergenic, low-maintenance critter than Fido or Fifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone accidentally kills one, you could probably replace it for the kids,” Benoit joked. “They would never know.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1955611/you-wish-you-had-mites-like-this-hissing-cockroach","authors":["2100"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_86"],"tags":["science_57","science_83","science_527"],"featImg":"science_1956374","label":"science_1935"},"science_1949380":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1949380","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1949380","score":null,"sort":[1574172011000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"webspinners","title":"The Curious Webspinner Insect Knits a Cozy Home","publishDate":1574172011,"format":"video","headTitle":"The Curious Webspinner Insect Knits a Cozy Home | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949387\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1949387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/2019-10-15-14_19_54.gif\" alt=\"Webspinner silk underneath a log at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California.\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Webspinner silk underneath a log at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the holidays just around the corner, it’s that time of year when you’re ready to burn off Thanksgiving turkey and Christmas cookie calories by heading outdoors for a hike. Maybe you’ve noticed what looks like spider webs woven between weeds along the trail, or poking out from under rocks or draped across logs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But take a closer look – those webs might actually not be spider webs. A lot of them are silken habitats, known as galleries, created by insects called webspinners. While they’re usually underground or sequestered in burrows in fall and winter – you’re more likely to see the insects in early spring or summer – their silk is visible year-round in many parks and open spaces. They’re typically in areas that aren’t too wet or shady, nibbling on lichen, dead leaves and moss underneath their silken canopies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949394\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1949394 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2.jpg\" alt=\"Santa Clara University professor of biology Janice Edgerly-Rooks and Deep Look producer Jenny Oh watch director of photography Josh Cassidy film webspinner silk at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park, San Jose, CA.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Clara University professor of biology Janice Edgerly-Rooks and Deep Look producer Jenny Oh watch KQED director of photography Josh Cassidy film webspinner silk at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Edward Rooks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are places where I go hiking where I just know their habitat looks perfect. If I turn over a rock, bam! The silk is there,” said Janice Edgerly-Rooks, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/cas/biology/faculty/edgerly-rooks/\">professor of biology at Santa Clara University\u003c/a> who has been studying webspinners for more than 30 years. “People don’t realize what it is. It’s these beautiful little bluish-tinted tubes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Webspinners, related to walking sticks and praying mantises, produce the finest silk in the animal kingdom. But unlike spiders, which produce silk from spinnerets on the tip of their abdomens, or caterpillars that produce it with salivary glands, webspinners have special silk ejectors on their front feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their feet are clothed with silk ejectors, so they look like the Lord of the Rings’ hobbits,” said Edgerly-Rooks. “When they step, hundreds of fibers come out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949388\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1949388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"A female webspinner spins silk.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A female webspinner spins silk. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The extremely narrow silk threads are essential to the webspinners’ survival. The silk serves as the webspinners’ home, umbrella and invisibility cloak, all in one. Webspinners are susceptible to drowning in heavy rains, so the silk shields the insects from water with its amazing waterproof qualities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t handle water. They’re just complete wimps when it comes to getting wet. But the water just slips off. It’s the most incredible thing,” Edgerly-Rooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When water hits the silk, drops sit on top, like on the paint of a just-waxed car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949392\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1949392\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1020x570.png\" alt=\"A webspinner retreats under a gallery of silk to avoid water. \" width=\"640\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1020x570.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-160x89.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-800x447.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-768x429.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1200x670.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1920x1073.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A webspinner retreats under a gallery of silk to avoid water. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The silk grabs the water,” she said. “It actually pins it onto the surface. We’ve been watching it with this incredible microscope we have at the lab. We watch the water droplets dry, and it took more than twice as long for a tiny, tiny drop of water to disappear completely. Twice as long as if you put the tiny drop just on the counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while we typically think of silk as a beautiful, luxurious fabric, for the webspinners, it’s their homemade armor that protects them from predators. Since they’re soft-bodied with no other means of defense, they disappear into their habitat while ants and other predators just walk on top, unaware of their prey safely hidden below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949391\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1949391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/rose.gif\" alt=\"Water drops on a silk compared to on a rose petal.\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water drops on silk compared to on a rose petal. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janice Edgerly-Rooks / Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They can also run away, but they have to run backward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so funny to watch them walk. They’re totally compromised by having silk come out of their front feet,” said Edgerly-Rooks. “So when they walk forward, they walk on tiptoes just to make sure they don’t engage their silk ejectors. And they do not run forwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to her teaching duties, Edgerly-Rooks continues to study and raise webspinners she has collected around the world. She’s even \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/veehbMKjMgw\">composed music\u003c/a> inspired by these creatures’ movements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she advises that if you see them in the wild, be careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are very fragile insects, so it’s not wise to try to pick them up,” she said. “You can maybe gather some of the silk tubes carefully with them inside the silk. If you put them in a small container, you can get them to run around for you, although some also play dead and are really good at ‘disappearing’ even when we know they are right in front of us.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"To protect herself and her eggs, a female webspinner shoots super-fine silk from her front feet. She weaves the strands to build a shelter that serves as a tent, umbrella and invisibility cloak. But shooting silk from her feet requires her to moonwalk to get around. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848151,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":827},"headData":{"title":"The Curious Webspinner Insect Knits a Cozy Home | KQED","description":"To protect herself and her eggs, a female webspinner shoots super-fine silk from her front feet. She weaves the strands to build a shelter that serves as a tent, umbrella and invisibility cloak. But shooting silk from her feet requires her to moonwalk to get around. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Curious Webspinner Insect Knits a Cozy Home","datePublished":"2019-11-19T14:00:11.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:55:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_JP3RbJ8zk","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","path":"/science/1949380/webspinners","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949387\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1949387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/2019-10-15-14_19_54.gif\" alt=\"Webspinner silk underneath a log at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California.\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Webspinner silk underneath a log at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the holidays just around the corner, it’s that time of year when you’re ready to burn off Thanksgiving turkey and Christmas cookie calories by heading outdoors for a hike. Maybe you’ve noticed what looks like spider webs woven between weeds along the trail, or poking out from under rocks or draped across logs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But take a closer look – those webs might actually not be spider webs. A lot of them are silken habitats, known as galleries, created by insects called webspinners. While they’re usually underground or sequestered in burrows in fall and winter – you’re more likely to see the insects in early spring or summer – their silk is visible year-round in many parks and open spaces. They’re typically in areas that aren’t too wet or shady, nibbling on lichen, dead leaves and moss underneath their silken canopies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949394\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1949394 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2.jpg\" alt=\"Santa Clara University professor of biology Janice Edgerly-Rooks and Deep Look producer Jenny Oh watch director of photography Josh Cassidy film webspinner silk at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park, San Jose, CA.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Josh_Films_Silk_on_Log_With_Janice_Edgerly_Rooks-2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Clara University professor of biology Janice Edgerly-Rooks and Deep Look producer Jenny Oh watch KQED director of photography Josh Cassidy film webspinner silk at Guadalupe Oak Grove Park in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Edward Rooks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are places where I go hiking where I just know their habitat looks perfect. If I turn over a rock, bam! The silk is there,” said Janice Edgerly-Rooks, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/cas/biology/faculty/edgerly-rooks/\">professor of biology at Santa Clara University\u003c/a> who has been studying webspinners for more than 30 years. “People don’t realize what it is. It’s these beautiful little bluish-tinted tubes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Webspinners, related to walking sticks and praying mantises, produce the finest silk in the animal kingdom. But unlike spiders, which produce silk from spinnerets on the tip of their abdomens, or caterpillars that produce it with salivary glands, webspinners have special silk ejectors on their front feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their feet are clothed with silk ejectors, so they look like the Lord of the Rings’ hobbits,” said Edgerly-Rooks. “When they step, hundreds of fibers come out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949388\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1949388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"A female webspinner spins silk.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL620_webspinner_foot-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A female webspinner spins silk. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The extremely narrow silk threads are essential to the webspinners’ survival. The silk serves as the webspinners’ home, umbrella and invisibility cloak, all in one. Webspinners are susceptible to drowning in heavy rains, so the silk shields the insects from water with its amazing waterproof qualities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t handle water. They’re just complete wimps when it comes to getting wet. But the water just slips off. It’s the most incredible thing,” Edgerly-Rooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When water hits the silk, drops sit on top, like on the paint of a just-waxed car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949392\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1949392\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1020x570.png\" alt=\"A webspinner retreats under a gallery of silk to avoid water. \" width=\"640\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1020x570.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-160x89.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-800x447.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-768x429.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1200x670.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/Screen-Shot-2019-10-15-at-2.21.25-PM-1920x1073.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A webspinner retreats under a gallery of silk to avoid water. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The silk grabs the water,” she said. “It actually pins it onto the surface. We’ve been watching it with this incredible microscope we have at the lab. We watch the water droplets dry, and it took more than twice as long for a tiny, tiny drop of water to disappear completely. Twice as long as if you put the tiny drop just on the counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while we typically think of silk as a beautiful, luxurious fabric, for the webspinners, it’s their homemade armor that protects them from predators. Since they’re soft-bodied with no other means of defense, they disappear into their habitat while ants and other predators just walk on top, unaware of their prey safely hidden below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1949391\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1949391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/rose.gif\" alt=\"Water drops on a silk compared to on a rose petal.\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water drops on silk compared to on a rose petal. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janice Edgerly-Rooks / Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They can also run away, but they have to run backward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so funny to watch them walk. They’re totally compromised by having silk come out of their front feet,” said Edgerly-Rooks. “So when they walk forward, they walk on tiptoes just to make sure they don’t engage their silk ejectors. And they do not run forwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to her teaching duties, Edgerly-Rooks continues to study and raise webspinners she has collected around the world. She’s even \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/veehbMKjMgw\">composed music\u003c/a> inspired by these creatures’ movements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she advises that if you see them in the wild, be careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are very fragile insects, so it’s not wise to try to pick them up,” she said. “You can maybe gather some of the silk tubes carefully with them inside the silk. If you put them in a small container, you can get them to run around for you, although some also play dead and are really good at ‘disappearing’ even when we know they are right in front of us.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1949380/webspinners","authors":["2100"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_86"],"tags":["science_57","science_3370","science_83"],"featImg":"science_1949890","label":"science_1935"},"science_1947830":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1947830","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1947830","score":null,"sort":[1570539911000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"these-giant-leaf-insects-will-sway-your-heart","title":"These Giant Leaf Insects Will Sway Your Heart","publishDate":1570539911,"format":"video","headTitle":"These Giant Leaf Insects Will Sway Your Heart | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]You’ll have to look closely to spot a giant Malaysian leaf insect when it’s nibbling on the leaves of a guava or mango tree. These herbivores blend in seamlessly with their surroundings because they look exactly like their favorite food: fruit leaves. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948422\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1948422 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-800x914.jpg\" alt=\"A giant Malaysian leaf insect\" width=\"800\" height=\"914\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-800x914.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-160x183.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-768x877.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-1020x1165.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-1051x1200.jpg 1051w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663.jpg 1367w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A giant Malaysian leaf insect at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But you can definitely see these fascinating creatures at the\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org\"> California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>, located in the heart of San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, through the spring of 2022. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ongoing interactive exhibit,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/color-of-life\">Color of Life,\u003c/a>“explores the role of color in the natural world. It’s filled with a variety of critters, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/gouldian-finch\">Gouldian finches\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Bk6XgVVnDED/\"> green tree pythons\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Hyperolius&where-species=riggenbachi\">Riggenbach’s reed frogs\u003c/a> and, of course,\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/BV8jrHSlKVx/\"> giant leaf insects.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Evolution is really amazing,” said Patrick Lee, one of the museum’s animal care managers who oversees the care and feeding of 38,000 live animals.”It’s allowed this species to use \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis\">cryptic mimicry\u003c/a> as their anti-predation strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cryptic mimicry” might sound like a magic trick. But it’s the ability of animals to conceal themselves. Also known as camouflage, the feature allows the leaf insects to use two different techniques: crypsis and protective resemblance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crypsis refers to an insect’s color and how much it looks like its habitat, while protective resemblance describes insects that resemble a natural object such as a stick, stone or, in this case, a large leaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like large leaves, the leaf insects usually stay very, very still to avoid attracting any predators’ attention. Moving can be the most critical mistake this insect can make. But if they must move, they move very slowly — or use a clever strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL617_nymph.gif\" alt=\"young giant Malaysian leaf insect nymph\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1948438\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young giant Malaysian leaf insect nymph swaying back and forth like a leaf blowing in the wind. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If these insects are caught in a breeze, they’ll even sway back and forth along with the surrounding foliage to enhance their disguise,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But giant leaf insects don’t start off looking like fresh green leaves. Their appearance adapts over time to match their surroundings, so their camouflage is ever-evolving, like their living natural habitat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females remain hidden in the trees and drop eggs to the forest floor. The eggs look like small brown seeds that blend in well with the decaying leaf litter. After the nymphs emerge within two or three weeks, they remain brown and scurry around, perhaps mimicking tropical ants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some amateur entomologists try to raise them privately, you can’t buy them commercially in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not available as pets and are regulated by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/home/\">USDA\u003c/a>,” Lee said. “You must have a permit in order to display and house this species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948431\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpeg\" alt=\"giant leaf insect nymph\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1948431\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A newly hatched young giant leaf insect nymph at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, CA. \u003ccite>(Patrick Lee/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee breeds them. About two dozen eggs hatch every four to five months. The young insects live in the museum’s special USDA insect-rearing room. This ensures the museum has a healthy community of insects to display to the public and to keep a backup population on hand. In the past, if the museum has had extra eggs or young nymphs, staff members have sent them to other zoos and aquariums throughout the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main challenge in keeping them alive is having a steady supply of good blackberry leaves readily available to eat, Lee said. Otherwise, “they may nibble on their roommate – which incidentally resembles a leaf,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to prevent “accidental cannibalism,” only a few are kept together at one time. Nymphs are raised individually in small plastic containers, while the adults are housed together in tall terrariums. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the time there are plenty of local blackberry leaves available for meals, it becomes more challenging in warmer months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the summer, when blackberry bushes die due to the heat, it becomes a bit more difficult to gather fresh leaves in Golden Gate Park,” Lee said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also keeps the insects’ habitats at a high humidity, so that they’ll successfully molt, or shed their exoskeletons, as they mature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’ve turned green — which usually takes a week from the point they’ve hatched from the eggs — they ascend into the trees to match their leafy environment. They simulate the leaves’ appearance with their wide, flat bodies and specific traits like their texture, spots and “veins.” And as they grow older, they get bigger and even develop frayed brown edges to resemble damaged leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1947838\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1947838 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick Lee, an Animal Care Manager at the California Academy of Sciences, smiles in front of the green tree python featured in the museum's "Color of Life" exhibit.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patrick Lee, an animal care manager at the California Academy of Sciences, smiles in front of the green tree python featured in the museum’s “Color of Life” exhibit. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Patrick Lee/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee maintains a busy schedule. Along with checking in with all of the animals that are a part of the “Color of Life” exhibit, he’s also in charge of the museum’s large freshwater fish habitats and “ambassador animals,” or education animals, that are a part of the museum’s interpretive programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with this heavy workload, Lee said he finds his job incredibly rewarding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing like coming to work every day,” he said, “to a facility and a collection of live animals that you truly love.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Giant Malaysian leaf insects stay still — very still — on their host plants to avoid hungry predators. But as they grow up, they can't get lazy with their camouflage. They change — and even dance — to blend in with the ever-shifting foliage.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848250,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":972},"headData":{"title":"These Giant Leaf Insects Will Sway Your Heart | KQED","description":"Giant Malaysian leaf insects stay still — very still — on their host plants to avoid hungry predators. But as they grow up, they can't get lazy with their camouflage. They change — and even dance — to blend in with the ever-shifting foliage.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"These Giant Leaf Insects Will Sway Your Heart","datePublished":"2019-10-08T13:05:11.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:57:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/QjPInsEYDLs","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1947830/these-giant-leaf-insects-will-sway-your-heart","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>You’ll have to look closely to spot a giant Malaysian leaf insect when it’s nibbling on the leaves of a guava or mango tree. These herbivores blend in seamlessly with their surroundings because they look exactly like their favorite food: fruit leaves. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948422\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1948422 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-800x914.jpg\" alt=\"A giant Malaysian leaf insect\" width=\"800\" height=\"914\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-800x914.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-160x183.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-768x877.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-1020x1165.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663-1051x1200.jpg 1051w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_4398-e1570041089663.jpg 1367w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A giant Malaysian leaf insect at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But you can definitely see these fascinating creatures at the\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org\"> California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>, located in the heart of San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, through the spring of 2022. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ongoing interactive exhibit,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/color-of-life\">Color of Life,\u003c/a>“explores the role of color in the natural world. It’s filled with a variety of critters, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/gouldian-finch\">Gouldian finches\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Bk6XgVVnDED/\"> green tree pythons\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Hyperolius&where-species=riggenbachi\">Riggenbach’s reed frogs\u003c/a> and, of course,\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/BV8jrHSlKVx/\"> giant leaf insects.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Evolution is really amazing,” said Patrick Lee, one of the museum’s animal care managers who oversees the care and feeding of 38,000 live animals.”It’s allowed this species to use \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis\">cryptic mimicry\u003c/a> as their anti-predation strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cryptic mimicry” might sound like a magic trick. But it’s the ability of animals to conceal themselves. Also known as camouflage, the feature allows the leaf insects to use two different techniques: crypsis and protective resemblance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crypsis refers to an insect’s color and how much it looks like its habitat, while protective resemblance describes insects that resemble a natural object such as a stick, stone or, in this case, a large leaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like large leaves, the leaf insects usually stay very, very still to avoid attracting any predators’ attention. Moving can be the most critical mistake this insect can make. But if they must move, they move very slowly — or use a clever strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/DL617_nymph.gif\" alt=\"young giant Malaysian leaf insect nymph\" width=\"590\" height=\"331\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1948438\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young giant Malaysian leaf insect nymph swaying back and forth like a leaf blowing in the wind. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If these insects are caught in a breeze, they’ll even sway back and forth along with the surrounding foliage to enhance their disguise,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But giant leaf insects don’t start off looking like fresh green leaves. Their appearance adapts over time to match their surroundings, so their camouflage is ever-evolving, like their living natural habitat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females remain hidden in the trees and drop eggs to the forest floor. The eggs look like small brown seeds that blend in well with the decaying leaf litter. After the nymphs emerge within two or three weeks, they remain brown and scurry around, perhaps mimicking tropical ants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some amateur entomologists try to raise them privately, you can’t buy them commercially in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not available as pets and are regulated by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/home/\">USDA\u003c/a>,” Lee said. “You must have a permit in order to display and house this species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1948431\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpeg\" alt=\"giant leaf insect nymph\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1948431\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/10/IMG_0962.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A newly hatched young giant leaf insect nymph at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, CA. \u003ccite>(Patrick Lee/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee breeds them. About two dozen eggs hatch every four to five months. The young insects live in the museum’s special USDA insect-rearing room. This ensures the museum has a healthy community of insects to display to the public and to keep a backup population on hand. In the past, if the museum has had extra eggs or young nymphs, staff members have sent them to other zoos and aquariums throughout the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main challenge in keeping them alive is having a steady supply of good blackberry leaves readily available to eat, Lee said. Otherwise, “they may nibble on their roommate – which incidentally resembles a leaf,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to prevent “accidental cannibalism,” only a few are kept together at one time. Nymphs are raised individually in small plastic containers, while the adults are housed together in tall terrariums. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the time there are plenty of local blackberry leaves available for meals, it becomes more challenging in warmer months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the summer, when blackberry bushes die due to the heat, it becomes a bit more difficult to gather fresh leaves in Golden Gate Park,” Lee said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also keeps the insects’ habitats at a high humidity, so that they’ll successfully molt, or shed their exoskeletons, as they mature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’ve turned green — which usually takes a week from the point they’ve hatched from the eggs — they ascend into the trees to match their leafy environment. They simulate the leaves’ appearance with their wide, flat bodies and specific traits like their texture, spots and “veins.” And as they grow older, they get bigger and even develop frayed brown edges to resemble damaged leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1947838\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1947838 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick Lee, an Animal Care Manager at the California Academy of Sciences, smiles in front of the green tree python featured in the museum's "Color of Life" exhibit.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/09/PAT_LEE.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patrick Lee, an animal care manager at the California Academy of Sciences, smiles in front of the green tree python featured in the museum’s “Color of Life” exhibit. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Patrick Lee/California Academy of Sciences)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee maintains a busy schedule. Along with checking in with all of the animals that are a part of the “Color of Life” exhibit, he’s also in charge of the museum’s large freshwater fish habitats and “ambassador animals,” or education animals, that are a part of the museum’s interpretive programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with this heavy workload, Lee said he finds his job incredibly rewarding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing like coming to work every day,” he said, “to a facility and a collection of live animals that you truly love.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1947830/these-giant-leaf-insects-will-sway-your-heart","authors":["2100"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_86"],"tags":["science_986","science_57","science_83"],"featImg":"science_1948421","label":"science_1935"},"science_1941850":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1941850","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1941850","score":null,"sort":[1560260252000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"meeting-a-wormlion-is-the-pits","title":"Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits","publishDate":1560260252,"format":"video","headTitle":"Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941857\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941857\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"wormlions\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An assortment of tiny wormlions. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]Ominous creatures that lurk deep underground in the desert, like the sandworms in the classic science fiction novel \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(novel)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Dune,”\u003c/a> aren’t just make-believe. For ants and other prey, wormlions are a terrifying reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941929\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-800x980.jpg\" alt=\"Joyce Gross collecting beetles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"980\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-800x980.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-160x196.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-768x941.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-1020x1250.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-979x1200.jpg 979w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03.jpg 1671w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joyce Gross collecting beetles. \u003ccite>(Jae Sullivan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While quite small—they can grow up to an inch—wormlions are fly larvae that curl up their bodies like slingshots. Usually found under rock or log overhangs in dry, sandy landscapes, they’ll energetically fling soil, sand and pebbles out of the way to dig pit traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once an unlucky critter falls in, wormlions move at lightning speed and quickly wrap their bodies around their victims. Squeezing them like boa constrictors, they also inject them with a paralyzing venom. They feed this way for several years, until they transform into adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce Gross, a computer programmer for the \u003ca href=\"https://bnhm.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Berkeley Natural History Museums\u003c/a>, is fascinated by their unique hunting behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have such a weird life history,” she said. “They’re the only flies that dig pits like this, and wait for prey to fall in, just like antlions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gross, an avid photographer and naturalist in her spare time, has been studying these insects for over three years. Wormlions first appeared on her radar while collaborating with several entomologists to update Jerry Powell and Charles Hogue’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520037823/california-insects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Insects\u003c/a>” field guide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941856\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941856\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"adult wormlion\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-768x503.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1200x786.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1920x1258.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult wormlion emerges from its pupal stage as a fly. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gross has been collecting, rearing and photographing wormlions at her home in order to add both research and images to the next edition of the book. She’ll fill a plastic vial with ants from her backyard and will feed them regularly, keeping careful records of their eating patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve had animals all of my life, usually not insects,” said Gross. “Most people feel very bad that I don’t have a dog, but they don’t understand how I can enjoy my other pets. I do like feeding them. I have to admit there’s something about them waiting there and knowing that they’re hungry. It’s sort of like throwing a treat to my dog, but I’m tossing in an ant for my wormlions. They’re pretty ferocious for such tiny things. It amazes me that they don’t seem to get injured by these ants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941854\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"wormlions\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joyce Gross has been rearing an extensive collection of wormlions in her home for several years. \u003ccite>(Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While she’s always been intrigued by the natural world, insects weren’t always her main focus. “I got interested in entomology partly because after digital cameras came around, it became really easy to photograph and learn about them. I was also photographing birds, reptiles and amphibians, but then insects really caught my attention. I like the variety of life histories, and I really like things that people don’t know as much about. There’s lots of birders. But with insects, there are so many of them and relatively few entomologists compared to the numbers of insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plus, it’s just fascinating learning about them. All the weird things that they do. And I love seeing these little tiny things blown up huge. They’re pretty amazing-looking creatures, some of them. That’s the photography aspect. You can also use that to ID things and learn about them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Informal contributions to research are integral to ongoing citizen science projects, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.planetary.org/explore/projects/seti/seti-at-home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SETI@home\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">iNaturalist\u003c/a>. But Kip Will, an \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/kipling-will\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">associate professor at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> who is leading the effort to update the “California Insects” guide, puts Gross in her own category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never thought of Joyce as a volunteer or a citizen scientist,” Will said. “She is a co-equal in the new edition of the field guide. Though she isn’t responsible for the text, she is handling all the images and most of the field work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She knows the natural history of local insects, in general, about as well as anyone,” he added. “A lot of people benefit from her efforts and generosity with images and observations she posts to places like \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/15740\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BugGuide\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calphotos.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CalPhotos\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941855\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941855\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"An adult wormlion.\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-768x488.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1020x648.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1200x762.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1920x1219.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult wormlion. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the 30 or so wormlions that she has gathered in the field, Gross hopes they’ll mature into flies and lay eggs so she can document an entire life cycle. UC Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://essig.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Essig Museum of Entomology\u003c/a> receives some of her specimens for its archives, and she said she may eventually publish her research after she’s amassed more data about the lives of wormlions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just exciting to me learning about all these insects I didn’t know about,” Gross said. “There are also a lot of questions and mysteries, but what we do know is interesting. Sharing stuff that I’ve learned either through photos or just observations online, that’s fun, too.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Straight out of science fiction, the fearsome wormlion ambushes prey at the bottom of a tidy—and terrifying—sand pit, then flicks their carcasses out. These meals fuel its transformation into something unexpected.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848607,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":883},"headData":{"title":"Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits | KQED","description":"Straight out of science fiction, the fearsome wormlion ambushes prey at the bottom of a tidy—and terrifying—sand pit, then flicks their carcasses out. These meals fuel its transformation into something unexpected.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits","datePublished":"2019-06-11T13:37:32.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:03:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/dQMM93aySOw","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","path":"/science/1941850/meeting-a-wormlion-is-the-pits","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941857\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941857\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"wormlions\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlions_20170812_11.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An assortment of tiny wormlions. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ominous creatures that lurk deep underground in the desert, like the sandworms in the classic science fiction novel \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(novel)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Dune,”\u003c/a> aren’t just make-believe. For ants and other prey, wormlions are a terrifying reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941929\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-800x980.jpg\" alt=\"Joyce Gross collecting beetles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"980\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-800x980.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-160x196.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-768x941.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-1020x1250.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03-979x1200.jpg 979w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/joyce_20140719_03.jpg 1671w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joyce Gross collecting beetles. \u003ccite>(Jae Sullivan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While quite small—they can grow up to an inch—wormlions are fly larvae that curl up their bodies like slingshots. Usually found under rock or log overhangs in dry, sandy landscapes, they’ll energetically fling soil, sand and pebbles out of the way to dig pit traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once an unlucky critter falls in, wormlions move at lightning speed and quickly wrap their bodies around their victims. Squeezing them like boa constrictors, they also inject them with a paralyzing venom. They feed this way for several years, until they transform into adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce Gross, a computer programmer for the \u003ca href=\"https://bnhm.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Berkeley Natural History Museums\u003c/a>, is fascinated by their unique hunting behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have such a weird life history,” she said. “They’re the only flies that dig pits like this, and wait for prey to fall in, just like antlions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gross, an avid photographer and naturalist in her spare time, has been studying these insects for over three years. Wormlions first appeared on her radar while collaborating with several entomologists to update Jerry Powell and Charles Hogue’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520037823/california-insects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Insects\u003c/a>” field guide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941856\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941856\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"adult wormlion\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-768x503.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1200x786.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25-1920x1258.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/wormlion_number_13_20180416_25.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult wormlion emerges from its pupal stage as a fly. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gross has been collecting, rearing and photographing wormlions at her home in order to add both research and images to the next edition of the book. She’ll fill a plastic vial with ants from her backyard and will feed them regularly, keeping careful records of their eating patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve had animals all of my life, usually not insects,” said Gross. “Most people feel very bad that I don’t have a dog, but they don’t understand how I can enjoy my other pets. I do like feeding them. I have to admit there’s something about them waiting there and knowing that they’re hungry. It’s sort of like throwing a treat to my dog, but I’m tossing in an ant for my wormlions. They’re pretty ferocious for such tiny things. It amazes me that they don’t seem to get injured by these ants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941854\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"wormlions\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/IMG_0984.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joyce Gross has been rearing an extensive collection of wormlions in her home for several years. \u003ccite>(Jenny Oh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While she’s always been intrigued by the natural world, insects weren’t always her main focus. “I got interested in entomology partly because after digital cameras came around, it became really easy to photograph and learn about them. I was also photographing birds, reptiles and amphibians, but then insects really caught my attention. I like the variety of life histories, and I really like things that people don’t know as much about. There’s lots of birders. But with insects, there are so many of them and relatively few entomologists compared to the numbers of insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plus, it’s just fascinating learning about them. All the weird things that they do. And I love seeing these little tiny things blown up huge. They’re pretty amazing-looking creatures, some of them. That’s the photography aspect. You can also use that to ID things and learn about them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Informal contributions to research are integral to ongoing citizen science projects, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.planetary.org/explore/projects/seti/seti-at-home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SETI@home\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">iNaturalist\u003c/a>. But Kip Will, an \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/kipling-will\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">associate professor at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> who is leading the effort to update the “California Insects” guide, puts Gross in her own category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never thought of Joyce as a volunteer or a citizen scientist,” Will said. “She is a co-equal in the new edition of the field guide. Though she isn’t responsible for the text, she is handling all the images and most of the field work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She knows the natural history of local insects, in general, about as well as anyone,” he added. “A lot of people benefit from her efforts and generosity with images and observations she posts to places like \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/15740\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BugGuide\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calphotos.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CalPhotos\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1941855\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1941855\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"An adult wormlion.\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-768x488.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1020x648.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1200x762.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06-1920x1219.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/05/Vermileo_20180624_06.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult wormlion. \u003ccite>(Joyce Gross)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the 30 or so wormlions that she has gathered in the field, Gross hopes they’ll mature into flies and lay eggs so she can document an entire life cycle. UC Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://essig.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Essig Museum of Entomology\u003c/a> receives some of her specimens for its archives, and she said she may eventually publish her research after she’s amassed more data about the lives of wormlions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just exciting to me learning about all these insects I didn’t know about,” Gross said. “There are also a lot of questions and mysteries, but what we do know is interesting. Sharing stuff that I’ve learned either through photos or just observations online, that’s fun, too.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1941850/meeting-a-wormlion-is-the-pits","authors":["2100"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_86"],"tags":["science_57","science_83","science_190"],"featImg":"science_1941862","label":"science_1935"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. 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