One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come
Nature Provides Its Own Flood Control. Time to Use It?
WATCH: What Happened at Oroville Dam, and What Could Still Go Wrong
California Reservoirs Are Dumping Water in a Drought, But Science Could Change That
Auburn Dam: The Water Project That Won't Die
Sponsored
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KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kqedscience"},"hhagemann":{"type":"authors","id":"11578","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11578","found":true},"name":"Hannah Hagemann","firstName":"Hannah","lastName":"Hagemann","slug":"hhagemann","email":"hhagemann@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3af389deff545c719141a87524965d8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Hannah Hagemann | KQED","description":"KQED 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FM","link":"/"}},"science_1939169":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1939169","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1939169","score":null,"sort":[1552978864000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","title":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come","publishDate":1552978864,"format":"standard","headTitle":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>In California’s Central Valley, 100 miles east of San Francisco, the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers meet. Their waters mingle amid a wide flat plain of shrubs, cottonwood and oak trees. The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve, 1,600 acres of wetlands, river habitat and rolling hills, sits at the site of this juncture. On clear days, the Sierra Nevada rises in the east and the Coast Range to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Promoting floodplains as a way to refill aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Jason Faridi surveys the scene on a recent early morning, the sun’s rays reflect off the river, turning the water the color of egg yolks. A cacophony of bird calls fill the air. Near the water’s margin, waxy milk cartons — cut in half to hold seedling plants — bob up and down. They contain young elderberry and cottonwood plants, stretching their roots toward the clay river bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a couple more years for these replanted natives to reach maturity at Dos Rios, the largest floodplain restoration project in the state. After six years of work and $40 million in funding, the riparian habitat flooded for the first time this winter, after strong February storms and the waters could sustain all the way through June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The natural trees and shrubs that we’re putting in here want the floodwaters to come in,” says Faridi, a restoration ecologist, looking out onto a riparian forest at the water’s edge. Not only do these plants thrive under floodwaters, he says, “the river itself and the animals in it benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faridi is with River Partners, an environmental nonprofit based in Chico that focuses on restoring floodplains and wetlands. After years of battling the frequently flooded land, the Lyons Family, previous owners of the Dos Rios Ranch, decided to sell the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For as long as the agriculture has been here, they’ve been dealing with flood damage,” says Fairidi. “They were always fighting that so they could protect their property. Now we’ve kind of reversed that. … We’re reducing flood damage, because there’s no more ranching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners and the Tuolumne River Trust raised funds to buy the ranch over a period of 10 years. The nonprofit took down agricultural berms — raised barriers of land engineered to prevent flooding — to reconnect the floodplain to the river. River Partners has planted over 200,000 native plants, which naturally store floodwaters and release them slowly back into the river, protecting nearby communities. So far the group has restored 600 acres of Dos Rios Ranch, and are currently working on 700 more acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit points to floodplains as a key way to refill long-tapped aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939175\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1200x784.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One portion of the ranch that has not yet been restored at Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto. The Coast Range sits to the west of the property on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Going With the Flow\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wild river floods, water and sediment spills over its banks onto adjacent land, it builds up a natural floodplain. Floodplains allow a river’s high flows to spread out and slow down, forming temporary reservoirs that pool over the rainy season. That means more water percolating down into underlying aquifers — a layer of permeable rock, sand, gravel and silt that stores water — and less floodwaters barreling toward cities. Low points on a floodplain, or swales, also serve as food chambers for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the last century, standard practice in California has been to channelize rivers, choking off high flows from their natural floodplains, in an effort to protect crops and cities. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/10/10/a-landmark-california-plan-puts-floodplains-back-in-business\">convention is evolving.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his state-of-the state address this February, Governor Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mxmuo8MhOgk\">vowed to expand floodplain habitat\u003c/a> in the Central Valley. This is one approach California is investing in to increase groundwater storage and reduce flood damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent storms have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought\">wiped out California’s recent drought. \u003c/a>But, even if surface waters are aplenty, in many parts of the state groundwater levels are still at all-time lows. About 85 percent of \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/photo-gallery/california-water-101\">Californians depend on \u003c/a>these underground water-storage chambers for some portion of their drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flood Now, Use Later\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although floodplains take land out of commission for growing crops or raising livestock, some people hope restored floodplains will benefit agriculture in the long run as a natural water storage system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a win for the environment and it’s a win for agriculture because that means you’re maintaining more water for those drought years,” says Jake Wenger, a Modesto farmer of more than 40 years and a former irrigation district board member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A floodplain’s layer-cake of clay, sand and gravel may also prove effective in filtering water pollutants. In the San Joaquin Valley, more than 1 million people \u003ca href=\"https://psmag.com/environment/how-water-contamination-is-putting-this-california-town-at-risk\">cannot access clean drinking water\u003c/a> owing to agricultural pollutants, such as nitrates and pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be able to create areas where we are adding to freshwater supplies is one of the goals of our projects,” says Terrel Hutton, of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios operations manager, Stephen Sheppard, estimates that when the restored plains flood, the waters are anywhere from 1 to 10 feet deep. Quantifying how much of these floodwaters enters the underlying aquifer will be the aim of a research project River Partners is working on with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939176\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-768x501.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1200x783.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A swollen floodplain at the Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Jeffrey Mount, former director of the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, expects the amount of water seeping into the aquifer will be low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Natural floodplains have clay rich soils,” says Mount, currently a senior fellow with the Public Policy Institute of California. “You often don’t get really good recharge in those areas, because you have to let water sit for a very long time.” The Central Valley is riddled with “boom and bust” cycles of rainfall and drought, and Mount says sustaining floodplain habitat may be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the area is prime real estate for this restoration. “Because we have not urbanized those floodplains,” says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has \u003ca href=\"https://www.riverpartners.org/projects/\">completed four riparian habitat restorations\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Valley, and Mount says that is another area ripe for further floodplain renourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the state about 25 restoration projects are currently underway, estimates Julie Rentner, who leads project development at River Partners. Dozens more are in the pipeline, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term impact that restored floodplains could have on bolstering California’s water supply is, for now, unclear. And it’s not a water-storage solution that’s viable in every part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeal of these projects could “allow people to ignore the harder question which is, how will you reduce water usage?” Mount said. “That’s how you will increase groundwater storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Welcoming Back Native Species\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restoring floodplains won’t solve all of California’s water security issues, Mount says, but the projects have many benefits. They’re “good for water supply, good for water quality and it’s good for habitat from everything from birds to fishes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 130,000 native plants such as California wild rose, blackberry bush, and trees like willows and oaks have grown at the ranch since the floodplain restoration began six years ago. This newly created habitat provides shade on the river, lowering its temperature and allowing fish, such as steelhead trout and Chinook salmon, to fatten up before making their way to the ocean. Dos Rios has even welcomed back federally endangered species, such as the riparian brush rabbit, whose habitat was wiped out when the land was used for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of engineering California’s rivers, Faridi thinks reconnecting them with floodplains may be a way California can “move forward managing our waterways, managing species, and managing flood damage reduction to communities along the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flooding is always termed as a bad word,” says Faridi. But in the case of these plains, “it’s actually a good word.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California is looking to floodplains as a way to avoid flood damage and store water. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848788,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1441},"headData":{"title":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come | KQED","description":"California is looking to floodplains as a way to avoid flood damage and store water. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Floodplains","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1939169/one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In California’s Central Valley, 100 miles east of San Francisco, the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers meet. Their waters mingle amid a wide flat plain of shrubs, cottonwood and oak trees. The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve, 1,600 acres of wetlands, river habitat and rolling hills, sits at the site of this juncture. On clear days, the Sierra Nevada rises in the east and the Coast Range to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Promoting floodplains as a way to refill aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Jason Faridi surveys the scene on a recent early morning, the sun’s rays reflect off the river, turning the water the color of egg yolks. A cacophony of bird calls fill the air. Near the water’s margin, waxy milk cartons — cut in half to hold seedling plants — bob up and down. They contain young elderberry and cottonwood plants, stretching their roots toward the clay river bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a couple more years for these replanted natives to reach maturity at Dos Rios, the largest floodplain restoration project in the state. After six years of work and $40 million in funding, the riparian habitat flooded for the first time this winter, after strong February storms and the waters could sustain all the way through June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The natural trees and shrubs that we’re putting in here want the floodwaters to come in,” says Faridi, a restoration ecologist, looking out onto a riparian forest at the water’s edge. Not only do these plants thrive under floodwaters, he says, “the river itself and the animals in it benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faridi is with River Partners, an environmental nonprofit based in Chico that focuses on restoring floodplains and wetlands. After years of battling the frequently flooded land, the Lyons Family, previous owners of the Dos Rios Ranch, decided to sell the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For as long as the agriculture has been here, they’ve been dealing with flood damage,” says Fairidi. “They were always fighting that so they could protect their property. Now we’ve kind of reversed that. … We’re reducing flood damage, because there’s no more ranching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners and the Tuolumne River Trust raised funds to buy the ranch over a period of 10 years. The nonprofit took down agricultural berms — raised barriers of land engineered to prevent flooding — to reconnect the floodplain to the river. River Partners has planted over 200,000 native plants, which naturally store floodwaters and release them slowly back into the river, protecting nearby communities. So far the group has restored 600 acres of Dos Rios Ranch, and are currently working on 700 more acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit points to floodplains as a key way to refill long-tapped aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939175\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1200x784.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One portion of the ranch that has not yet been restored at Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto. The Coast Range sits to the west of the property on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Going With the Flow\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wild river floods, water and sediment spills over its banks onto adjacent land, it builds up a natural floodplain. Floodplains allow a river’s high flows to spread out and slow down, forming temporary reservoirs that pool over the rainy season. That means more water percolating down into underlying aquifers — a layer of permeable rock, sand, gravel and silt that stores water — and less floodwaters barreling toward cities. Low points on a floodplain, or swales, also serve as food chambers for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the last century, standard practice in California has been to channelize rivers, choking off high flows from their natural floodplains, in an effort to protect crops and cities. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/10/10/a-landmark-california-plan-puts-floodplains-back-in-business\">convention is evolving.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his state-of-the state address this February, Governor Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mxmuo8MhOgk\">vowed to expand floodplain habitat\u003c/a> in the Central Valley. This is one approach California is investing in to increase groundwater storage and reduce flood damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent storms have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought\">wiped out California’s recent drought. \u003c/a>But, even if surface waters are aplenty, in many parts of the state groundwater levels are still at all-time lows. About 85 percent of \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/photo-gallery/california-water-101\">Californians depend on \u003c/a>these underground water-storage chambers for some portion of their drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flood Now, Use Later\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although floodplains take land out of commission for growing crops or raising livestock, some people hope restored floodplains will benefit agriculture in the long run as a natural water storage system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a win for the environment and it’s a win for agriculture because that means you’re maintaining more water for those drought years,” says Jake Wenger, a Modesto farmer of more than 40 years and a former irrigation district board member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A floodplain’s layer-cake of clay, sand and gravel may also prove effective in filtering water pollutants. In the San Joaquin Valley, more than 1 million people \u003ca href=\"https://psmag.com/environment/how-water-contamination-is-putting-this-california-town-at-risk\">cannot access clean drinking water\u003c/a> owing to agricultural pollutants, such as nitrates and pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be able to create areas where we are adding to freshwater supplies is one of the goals of our projects,” says Terrel Hutton, of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios operations manager, Stephen Sheppard, estimates that when the restored plains flood, the waters are anywhere from 1 to 10 feet deep. Quantifying how much of these floodwaters enters the underlying aquifer will be the aim of a research project River Partners is working on with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939176\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-768x501.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1200x783.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A swollen floodplain at the Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Jeffrey Mount, former director of the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, expects the amount of water seeping into the aquifer will be low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Natural floodplains have clay rich soils,” says Mount, currently a senior fellow with the Public Policy Institute of California. “You often don’t get really good recharge in those areas, because you have to let water sit for a very long time.” The Central Valley is riddled with “boom and bust” cycles of rainfall and drought, and Mount says sustaining floodplain habitat may be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the area is prime real estate for this restoration. “Because we have not urbanized those floodplains,” says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has \u003ca href=\"https://www.riverpartners.org/projects/\">completed four riparian habitat restorations\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Valley, and Mount says that is another area ripe for further floodplain renourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the state about 25 restoration projects are currently underway, estimates Julie Rentner, who leads project development at River Partners. Dozens more are in the pipeline, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term impact that restored floodplains could have on bolstering California’s water supply is, for now, unclear. And it’s not a water-storage solution that’s viable in every part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeal of these projects could “allow people to ignore the harder question which is, how will you reduce water usage?” Mount said. “That’s how you will increase groundwater storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Welcoming Back Native Species\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restoring floodplains won’t solve all of California’s water security issues, Mount says, but the projects have many benefits. They’re “good for water supply, good for water quality and it’s good for habitat from everything from birds to fishes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 130,000 native plants such as California wild rose, blackberry bush, and trees like willows and oaks have grown at the ranch since the floodplain restoration began six years ago. This newly created habitat provides shade on the river, lowering its temperature and allowing fish, such as steelhead trout and Chinook salmon, to fatten up before making their way to the ocean. Dos Rios has even welcomed back federally endangered species, such as the riparian brush rabbit, whose habitat was wiped out when the land was used for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of engineering California’s rivers, Faridi thinks reconnecting them with floodplains may be a way California can “move forward managing our waterways, managing species, and managing flood damage reduction to communities along the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flooding is always termed as a bad word,” says Faridi. But in the case of these plains, “it’s actually a good word.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1939169/one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","authors":["11578"],"categories":["science_35","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_686","science_3370","science_3832","science_1548","science_3834","science_490"],"featImg":"science_1939174","label":"source_science_1939169"},"science_1502420":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1502420","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1502420","score":null,"sort":[1490625051000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"nature-provides-its-own-flood-control-time-to-use-it","title":"Nature Provides Its Own Flood Control. Time to Use It?","publishDate":1490625051,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Nature Provides Its Own Flood Control. Time to Use It? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>After millions of dollars of flood damage and mass evacuations this year, California is grappling with how to update its aging flood infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has some calling for a new approach to flood control – one that mimics nature instead of trying to contain it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s being tried in a handful of places in California, including here just below Oroville Dam, where massive flows on the Feather River put levees to the test this winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like a bomb’s gone off,” says John Carlon of River Partners, a non-profit that does river restoration. “That’s what it looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Everybody thinks living next to the river is a great idea, until it floods.\u003ccite>Carson Jeffres, UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He’s looking at a levee on the Feather River, about half an hour north of Sacramento. It has a huge gouge where it meets the riverbank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see this hole that develops and then it just starts eating away,” he says. “And on the other side of that is thousands of acres that would flood if it just eats through that little hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Feather River levees were hit with a huge amount of water: almost 60 million gallons per minute during the worst storms last month. So this levee will need repairs, which is pretty common for aging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This levee is at least 80 years old,” Carlon says. “It’s actually old and outdated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1502425\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1502425\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web.jpg\" alt=\"John Carlon of River Partners on the Feather River.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1274\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-1180x783.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Carlon of River Partners, on the Feather River. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But just a bit downriver near Marysville, there’s a project that reflects some newer thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The riverbank is covered in cottonwoods, willows and sycamores. They’re caked in mud, almost over our heads, showing just how high the floodwaters rose. It makes Carlon grin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely amazing to see,” he says. “It’s designed to take that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area used to look like what we saw upstream, where the levees are right next to river. But here, the levee was moved back by a quarter mile or so, making space between the river and the levee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the river is running high, this area acts as a floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water just spreads out, flows across the whole 700 acres, slows down and has the ability to soak in,” Carlon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the floodwater somewhere to go takes pressure off the levees. It also creates habitat for young fish, like endangered salmon and steelhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks around here call them floodplain fatties, because they grow super-fast in a really short amount of time,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlon says flooding is part of the natural cycle for rivers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to work with nature rather than continually fight against nature,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way we battle to control nature now, with levees and concrete. is not very adaptable, Carlon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">A natural approach to flood protection is a lot more flexible and resilient.\u003ccite>John Carlon, River Partners\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A natural approach to flood protection is a lot more flexible and resilient,” he says. “Another way to think of this, these are pressure relief valves in the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thinks living next to the river is a great idea, until it floods,” says Carson Jeffres, a researcher at the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1502427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1542px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1502427\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web.jpg\" alt=\"A damaged levee on the Feather River, downstream of Oroville Dam.\" width=\"1542\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web.jpg 1542w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-768x462.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-1020x613.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-1180x709.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-960x577.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-240x144.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-375x225.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-520x313.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1542px) 100vw, 1542px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A damaged levee on the Feather River, downstream of Oroville Dam. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jeffres says flood plain restoration makes a lot of sense when you take climate change into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always a bigger storm out there and the events are predicted to become more extreme,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But moving levees isn’t easy to do. For one, there are cities and towns built right next to rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re not going to displace people,” he says. “That’s the hard thing. So you really have to find those places that are primarily agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another restoration project is underway along the Napa River, where flooding is an ongoing problem. But funding these projects can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s interesting how flood plain restoration is considered expensive but then when disaster happens, all of a sudden it’s relatively cheap,” Jeffres says. “And so this is really an investment in our infrastructure to minimize costs down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is now deciding how to spend billions of dollars on improving flood protection infrastructure. The Central Valley Flood Control Board is expected to finalize a new flood control plan later this year.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new approach to flood control favors restoring natural floodplains along rivers whose aging levees are failing. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928938,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":799},"headData":{"title":"Nature Provides Its Own Flood Control. Time to Use It? | KQED","description":"A new approach to flood control favors restoring natural floodplains along rivers whose aging levees are failing. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Water","audioUrl":"http:www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio//2017/03/WEBSommerFloodplains170327.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1502420/nature-provides-its-own-flood-control-time-to-use-it","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After millions of dollars of flood damage and mass evacuations this year, California is grappling with how to update its aging flood infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has some calling for a new approach to flood control – one that mimics nature instead of trying to contain it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s being tried in a handful of places in California, including here just below Oroville Dam, where massive flows on the Feather River put levees to the test this winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like a bomb’s gone off,” says John Carlon of River Partners, a non-profit that does river restoration. “That’s what it looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Everybody thinks living next to the river is a great idea, until it floods.\u003ccite>Carson Jeffres, UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He’s looking at a levee on the Feather River, about half an hour north of Sacramento. It has a huge gouge where it meets the riverbank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see this hole that develops and then it just starts eating away,” he says. “And on the other side of that is thousands of acres that would flood if it just eats through that little hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Feather River levees were hit with a huge amount of water: almost 60 million gallons per minute during the worst storms last month. So this levee will need repairs, which is pretty common for aging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This levee is at least 80 years old,” Carlon says. “It’s actually old and outdated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1502425\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1502425\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web.jpg\" alt=\"John Carlon of River Partners on the Feather River.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1274\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-1180x783.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Carlon-web-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Carlon of River Partners, on the Feather River. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But just a bit downriver near Marysville, there’s a project that reflects some newer thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The riverbank is covered in cottonwoods, willows and sycamores. They’re caked in mud, almost over our heads, showing just how high the floodwaters rose. It makes Carlon grin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely amazing to see,” he says. “It’s designed to take that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area used to look like what we saw upstream, where the levees are right next to river. But here, the levee was moved back by a quarter mile or so, making space between the river and the levee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the river is running high, this area acts as a floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water just spreads out, flows across the whole 700 acres, slows down and has the ability to soak in,” Carlon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the floodwater somewhere to go takes pressure off the levees. It also creates habitat for young fish, like endangered salmon and steelhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks around here call them floodplain fatties, because they grow super-fast in a really short amount of time,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlon says flooding is part of the natural cycle for rivers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to work with nature rather than continually fight against nature,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way we battle to control nature now, with levees and concrete. is not very adaptable, Carlon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">A natural approach to flood protection is a lot more flexible and resilient.\u003ccite>John Carlon, River Partners\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A natural approach to flood protection is a lot more flexible and resilient,” he says. “Another way to think of this, these are pressure relief valves in the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thinks living next to the river is a great idea, until it floods,” says Carson Jeffres, a researcher at the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1502427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1542px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1502427\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web.jpg\" alt=\"A damaged levee on the Feather River, downstream of Oroville Dam.\" width=\"1542\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web.jpg 1542w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-768x462.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-1020x613.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-1180x709.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-960x577.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-240x144.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-375x225.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/levee1-web-520x313.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1542px) 100vw, 1542px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A damaged levee on the Feather River, downstream of Oroville Dam. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jeffres says flood plain restoration makes a lot of sense when you take climate change into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always a bigger storm out there and the events are predicted to become more extreme,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But moving levees isn’t easy to do. For one, there are cities and towns built right next to rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re not going to displace people,” he says. “That’s the hard thing. So you really have to find those places that are primarily agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another restoration project is underway along the Napa River, where flooding is an ongoing problem. But funding these projects can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s interesting how flood plain restoration is considered expensive but then when disaster happens, all of a sudden it’s relatively cheap,” Jeffres says. “And so this is really an investment in our infrastructure to minimize costs down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is now deciding how to spend billions of dollars on improving flood protection infrastructure. The Central Valley Flood Control Board is expected to finalize a new flood control plan later this year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1502420/nature-provides-its-own-flood-control-time-to-use-it","authors":["239"],"categories":["science_89","science_35","science_40","science_43","science_98"],"tags":["science_1548"],"featImg":"science_1502423","label":"source_science_1502420"},"science_1478471":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1478471","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1478471","score":null,"sort":[1489674630000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"watch-what-happened-at-oroville-dam-and-what-could-still-go-wrong","title":"WATCH: What Happened at Oroville Dam, and What Could Still Go Wrong","publishDate":1489674630,"format":"image","headTitle":"WATCH: What Happened at Oroville Dam, and What Could Still Go Wrong | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>In the weeks and months to come, investigators will no-doubt probe many potential reasons for the near-catastrophic failures at Oroville Dam in February. Those will range from decisions made more than 50 years ago, to the truly extraordinary weather of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the moment, the emergency at Oroville Dam has largely passed. The 180,000 people who were evacuated from their homes last month have returned, and construction crews continue to put millions of tons of rocks and concrete across a badly eroded hillside under the emergency spillway. In the coming months, crews will begin to fix the main concrete spillway, which developed a gaping hole on Feb. 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, officials with the state Department of Water Resources aren’t out of the woods yet. If a series of warm storms pounds California this spring, that could send billions of gallons of water raging into Lake Oroville again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/nJ2R-bBh2xE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right\">\u003cem>(Graphics by Teodros Hailye/KQED) \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra snowpack is at nearly double its historic average in some places, and will begin melting as the weather warms. Though officials are aiming to keep the lake level at roughly 50 feet below the lip of the emergency spillway, it has been rising again as unseasonably warm temperatures accelerate spring runoff from the upper Feather River watershed. Hydrologists warn that flows from the coming runoff season could yet again test Oroville’s patched-up infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another risk: As officials release water down the main broken spillway, the concrete could erode up toward the lake. If officials have to shut the gates of the emergency spillway, the lake could rise again quickly, increasing the risk of water going over the emergency spillway onto the vulnerable hillside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews have been clearing debris out of the channel below Oroville Dam to reopen Hyatt Power Plant. Once it’s running, the plant pulls up to 15,000 cubic feet per second out of the reservoir to make power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Water Resources expects to resume use of the main spillway this week, but at half the volume compared to when operators were frantically trying to lower the lake to below the emergency overflow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Anatomy of a Near-Disaster\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oroville drama began quietly enough, as prolonged winter storms — especially in January — began rapidly filling Lake Oroville, the reservoir behind the dam. California’s \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">second-largest\u003c/a> man-made reservoir behind Shasta Lake, Oroville is designed to hold more than 3.5 million acre-feet of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1478690 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332.jpg\" alt=\"A Cal Fire crew watches as water roars down Oroville's main spillway at 100,000 cubic-ft. per second.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Cal Fire crew watches as water roars down Oroville’s main spillway. The force of it broke through the concrete and carved out a second, circular channel into the diversion pool below. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After record runoff caused the lake level to rise 70 feet in January, operators opened the dam’s main spillway to release water and create space in the lake for expected runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the main spillway showed signs of disintegration, engineers dialed back releases to take pressure off the crippled structure. That caused the lake to rise even faster, eventually forcing water to tumble over the dam’s secondary, emergency spillway (also known as the auxiliary spillway) for the first time since the dam was completed in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, erosion began to eat away the emergency spillway, all but the upper lip of which is bare earth. Whole trees began washing into the diversion channel below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 485px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1478689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill.png\" alt=\"Oroville's emergency spillway as the lake level topped it in February.\" width=\"485\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill.png 485w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-160x118.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-240x177.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-375x277.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oroville’s emergency spillway as the lake level topped it in February. Critical erosion of the slope below had not yet begun. \u003ccite>(Calif. Dept. of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hillside began eroding uphill, threatening to undercut the concrete lip of the emergency spillway, and on Sunday evening, February 12, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honae issued an evacuation order that sent tens of thousands of people in Oroville and other downstream communities scrambling for higher ground. (The evacuation order covered nearly 200,000 residents, but how many actually relocated is unknown.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to lower the lake level, engineers were forced to resume massive flows down the main spillway, knowing that the 100,000 cubic-feet-per-second cascade would likely tear apart what remained of the enormous concrete chute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly they had no choice. Officials say the main body of the dam was never threatened, but had the lip of the auxiliary spillway collapsed, essentially the top 30 feet of the lake would have emptied, sending a wall of water down the Feather River valley, and likely causing the worst U.S. dam disaster since \u003ca href=\"http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/faculty/sylvester/Teton_Dam/narrative.html\">Idaho’s Teton Dam\u003c/a> collapsed in 1976. Cities such as Marysville and Yuba City would have been devastated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A long summer lies ahead, with hundreds of millions of dollars in repairs to do before the rainy season starts again next October.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Cities and towns downstream of Lake Oroville aren't out of danger yet. It all depends on weather, snowmelt, and a lot more work.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928968,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":810},"headData":{"title":"WATCH: What Happened at Oroville Dam, and What Could Still Go Wrong | KQED","description":"Cities and towns downstream of Lake Oroville aren't out of danger yet. It all depends on weather, snowmelt, and a lot more work.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/1478471/watch-what-happened-at-oroville-dam-and-what-could-still-go-wrong","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the weeks and months to come, investigators will no-doubt probe many potential reasons for the near-catastrophic failures at Oroville Dam in February. Those will range from decisions made more than 50 years ago, to the truly extraordinary weather of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the moment, the emergency at Oroville Dam has largely passed. The 180,000 people who were evacuated from their homes last month have returned, and construction crews continue to put millions of tons of rocks and concrete across a badly eroded hillside under the emergency spillway. In the coming months, crews will begin to fix the main concrete spillway, which developed a gaping hole on Feb. 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, officials with the state Department of Water Resources aren’t out of the woods yet. If a series of warm storms pounds California this spring, that could send billions of gallons of water raging into Lake Oroville again.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nJ2R-bBh2xE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nJ2R-bBh2xE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: right\">\u003cem>(Graphics by Teodros Hailye/KQED) \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra snowpack is at nearly double its historic average in some places, and will begin melting as the weather warms. Though officials are aiming to keep the lake level at roughly 50 feet below the lip of the emergency spillway, it has been rising again as unseasonably warm temperatures accelerate spring runoff from the upper Feather River watershed. Hydrologists warn that flows from the coming runoff season could yet again test Oroville’s patched-up infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another risk: As officials release water down the main broken spillway, the concrete could erode up toward the lake. If officials have to shut the gates of the emergency spillway, the lake could rise again quickly, increasing the risk of water going over the emergency spillway onto the vulnerable hillside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews have been clearing debris out of the channel below Oroville Dam to reopen Hyatt Power Plant. Once it’s running, the plant pulls up to 15,000 cubic feet per second out of the reservoir to make power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Water Resources expects to resume use of the main spillway this week, but at half the volume compared to when operators were frantically trying to lower the lake to below the emergency overflow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Anatomy of a Near-Disaster\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oroville drama began quietly enough, as prolonged winter storms — especially in January — began rapidly filling Lake Oroville, the reservoir behind the dam. California’s \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">second-largest\u003c/a> man-made reservoir behind Shasta Lake, Oroville is designed to hold more than 3.5 million acre-feet of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1478690 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332.jpg\" alt=\"A Cal Fire crew watches as water roars down Oroville's main spillway at 100,000 cubic-ft. per second.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/P2110332-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Cal Fire crew watches as water roars down Oroville’s main spillway. The force of it broke through the concrete and carved out a second, circular channel into the diversion pool below. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After record runoff caused the lake level to rise 70 feet in January, operators opened the dam’s main spillway to release water and create space in the lake for expected runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the main spillway showed signs of disintegration, engineers dialed back releases to take pressure off the crippled structure. That caused the lake to rise even faster, eventually forcing water to tumble over the dam’s secondary, emergency spillway (also known as the auxiliary spillway) for the first time since the dam was completed in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, erosion began to eat away the emergency spillway, all but the upper lip of which is bare earth. Whole trees began washing into the diversion channel below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 485px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1478689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill.png\" alt=\"Oroville's emergency spillway as the lake level topped it in February.\" width=\"485\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill.png 485w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-160x118.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-240x177.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/OrovilleAuxSpill-375x277.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oroville’s emergency spillway as the lake level topped it in February. Critical erosion of the slope below had not yet begun. \u003ccite>(Calif. Dept. of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hillside began eroding uphill, threatening to undercut the concrete lip of the emergency spillway, and on Sunday evening, February 12, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honae issued an evacuation order that sent tens of thousands of people in Oroville and other downstream communities scrambling for higher ground. (The evacuation order covered nearly 200,000 residents, but how many actually relocated is unknown.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to lower the lake level, engineers were forced to resume massive flows down the main spillway, knowing that the 100,000 cubic-feet-per-second cascade would likely tear apart what remained of the enormous concrete chute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly they had no choice. Officials say the main body of the dam was never threatened, but had the lip of the auxiliary spillway collapsed, essentially the top 30 feet of the lake would have emptied, sending a wall of water down the Feather River valley, and likely causing the worst U.S. dam disaster since \u003ca href=\"http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/faculty/sylvester/Teton_Dam/narrative.html\">Idaho’s Teton Dam\u003c/a> collapsed in 1976. Cities such as Marysville and Yuba City would have been devastated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A long summer lies ahead, with hundreds of millions of dollars in repairs to do before the rainy season starts again next October.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1478471/watch-what-happened-at-oroville-dam-and-what-could-still-go-wrong","authors":["6387"],"categories":["science_31","science_89","science_38","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_1548","science_3273"],"featImg":"science_1481293","label":"science"},"science_549358":{"type":"posts","id":"science_549358","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"549358","score":null,"sort":[1456758034000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-reservoirs-are-dumping-water-in-a-drought-but-science-could-change-that","title":"California Reservoirs Are Dumping Water in a Drought, But Science Could Change That","publishDate":1456758034,"format":"audio","headTitle":"California Reservoirs Are Dumping Water in a Drought, But Science Could Change That | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1151,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>There’s a rule in California that may seem bizarre in a drought-stricken state: in the winter, reservoirs aren’t allowed to fill up completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, even as this post goes up, a handful of reservoirs are releasing water to maintain empty space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice, which has long inflamed combatants in California’s water wars, is due to a decades-old rule designed to protect public safety. If a major winter storm comes in, reservoirs need space to catch the runoff and prevent floods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with advances in weather forecasting, some say this preemptive strategy is outdated. A new, “smart” flood control system could save water in years when Californians need it most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hitting the ‘Magic’ Line\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one of the state’s major reservoirs — Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento — the volume of water spilling from the dam has swollen eight-fold in the past few weeks, sending billions of gallons downstream, much of it into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in February the reservoir reached a key threshold: 60 percent full, which is the highest water level allowed during the winter months, according to rules from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Sacramento Area Flood Control Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, most of the reservoir was a dry, dusty lakebed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What reservoir was left was confined to the old river channels before we built the dam,” says Drew Lessard of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the federal agency that manages the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just an average-size winter storm can send huge volumes of water down the American River \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Water-starved-Folsom-Lake-is-finally-starting-to-6738359.php\">into Folsom Reservoir\u003c/a>, boosting the lake by 10 percent or more. A major storm can produce dramatically more than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The watershed is pretty flashy and it responds pretty quickly to storm events,” says Lessard. “That’s why we need to reserve a space during those winter months in case that happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting 40 percent empty allows the reservoir to act as a buffer against floods, gulping the runoff without overflowing. In years where the upstream reservoirs are fuller, Folsom Reservoir is required to remain 60 percent empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-549363 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web.jpg\" alt=\"Reservoir_V08_160225-web\" width=\"1191\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web.jpg 1191w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-400x363.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-800x725.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-768x696.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-1180x1070.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-960x871.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1191px) 100vw, 1191px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Releasing water downstream does produce benefits, supporting wildlife and endangered fish. It also prevents salt water from San Francisco Bay from backing up into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which is a drinking water supply for many in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But preemptively releasing water has its own risks, especially if it doesn’t rain again, as happened in 1997. The reservoir was lowered and, “it was dry the rest of the year and we never really rebounded,” recalls Lessard.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The rules that govern water in the West were created in the 19th century.’\u003ccite>Marty Ralph, UCSD\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As California enters a fifth year of drought, seeing operators deliberately dumping water can be disconcerting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks ago, Shauna Lorance of the San Juan Water District near Sacramento went to state regulators with a message: when water is disappearing downriver, it’s hard for water consumers to take the conservation message seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything they conserve right now is not held,” said Lorance. “For me to explain to customers, after everything they’ve done, that they need to continue to conserve so it can be spilled is going to be a nightmare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Smart’ Reservoirs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rules that govern water in the West were created in the 19th century,” says Marty Ralph, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://mavensnotebook.com/2014/02/10/marty-ralph-atmospheric-rivers-drought-and-the-new-center-for-western-weather-and-water-extremes/\">Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes\u003c/a> at UC San Diego. “And yet here we live in the 21st century with its special and new needs: greater population and a changing climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph is piloting a more dynamic method of flood management at \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5143750-181/lake-mendocino-nears-winter-capacity?artslide=0\">Lake Mendocino\u003c/a> with the Sonoma County Water Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of a maintaining firm limits on reservoir levels dictated by the calendar, managers would use cutting-edge weather forecasts to gauge how much flood space they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Weather predictions have been improving over the last decades, “ said Ralph. “Particularly on the West Coast, we’ve learned about the phenomenon that produces most flood-producing storms. We call them \u003ca href=\"http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/atmrivers/questions/\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of emptying out a reservoir preemptively, managers would allow the reservoir to stay fuller, keeping an eye on the weather forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a big storm appears, “they’d have three, four, five days lead time, enough to release that extra water and get it out of the way safely,” said Ralph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If storms don’t appear, the water would be saved for later in the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says “forecast-informed” operations are becoming possible thanks to major advances in weather research. New weather satellites and more precise forecast models are making predictions more accurate. Researchers are even \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/23/flying-into-the-heart-of-the-wests-biggest-storms/\">flying planes into atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> to gather information about how they behave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says even with the improvements, there’s more fine tuning to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get down to three days’ lead time and we’re down to plus or minus 300 kilometers (186 mi.) in terms of the location of the storm’s landfall,” he explains. “That’s the difference between San Francisco and the Oregon border. That’s a big difference if you’re operating a reservoir on a much smaller scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says potential is clear in a drought-prone state like California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine we have the option to keep, say, ten percent extra water behind each dam in the winter,” he muses. At Folsom Reservoir alone, that amount would supply 200,000 households for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Changing the Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see potential,” agrees Greg Kukas of the Army Corps of Engineers, the federal agency that sets flood rules for reservoirs. “What we’re not clear on is what the risks associated with that potential might be. What are the trade offs?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps is considering using the new weather-based operations at Folsom as part of a major update to the reservoir operations plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is whether weather forecasts are precise enough — not just as to when a storm is coming, but how big it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When it comes to forecasting the size of events that we’re most concerned about, they are about 20 percent off,” says Kukas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting it wrong is not an option. If the dam overflows, it could flood Sacramento and hundreds of thousands of people downstream, and potentially put the dam itself at risk of failing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The consequences, you don’t even want to imagine them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with reservoir operators around the state, the Corps says it currently takes weather forecasts into consideration in making water release decisions, though in a minimal way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t make our reservoir releases in a vacuum,” says Christy Jones, also with the Corps of Engineers. “We always are looking at the balance. We know water supply is incredibly important but we also know public safety is incredibly important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps plans to decide whether to manage Folsom Reservoir using weather forecasts next year. Changing current flood rules for how much the reservoir can hold in the winter would require an act of Congress. But if it works at Folsom, Jones agrees that it would be a model for reservoirs across the Western U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could have a huge impact on the West.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Advanced weather models could remove some of the guesswork and leave more water behind dams.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704930560,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":44,"wordCount":1275},"headData":{"title":"California Reservoirs Are Dumping Water in a Drought, But Science Could Change That | KQED","description":"Advanced weather models could remove some of the guesswork and leave more water behind dams.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2016/02/WebReservoirs.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/549358/california-reservoirs-are-dumping-water-in-a-drought-but-science-could-change-that","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a rule in California that may seem bizarre in a drought-stricken state: in the winter, reservoirs aren’t allowed to fill up completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, even as this post goes up, a handful of reservoirs are releasing water to maintain empty space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice, which has long inflamed combatants in California’s water wars, is due to a decades-old rule designed to protect public safety. If a major winter storm comes in, reservoirs need space to catch the runoff and prevent floods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with advances in weather forecasting, some say this preemptive strategy is outdated. A new, “smart” flood control system could save water in years when Californians need it most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hitting the ‘Magic’ Line\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one of the state’s major reservoirs — Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento — the volume of water spilling from the dam has swollen eight-fold in the past few weeks, sending billions of gallons downstream, much of it into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in February the reservoir reached a key threshold: 60 percent full, which is the highest water level allowed during the winter months, according to rules from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Sacramento Area Flood Control Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, most of the reservoir was a dry, dusty lakebed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What reservoir was left was confined to the old river channels before we built the dam,” says Drew Lessard of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the federal agency that manages the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just an average-size winter storm can send huge volumes of water down the American River \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Water-starved-Folsom-Lake-is-finally-starting-to-6738359.php\">into Folsom Reservoir\u003c/a>, boosting the lake by 10 percent or more. A major storm can produce dramatically more than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The watershed is pretty flashy and it responds pretty quickly to storm events,” says Lessard. “That’s why we need to reserve a space during those winter months in case that happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting 40 percent empty allows the reservoir to act as a buffer against floods, gulping the runoff without overflowing. In years where the upstream reservoirs are fuller, Folsom Reservoir is required to remain 60 percent empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-549363 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web.jpg\" alt=\"Reservoir_V08_160225-web\" width=\"1191\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web.jpg 1191w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-400x363.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-800x725.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-768x696.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-1180x1070.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/Reservoir_V08_160225-web-960x871.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1191px) 100vw, 1191px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Releasing water downstream does produce benefits, supporting wildlife and endangered fish. It also prevents salt water from San Francisco Bay from backing up into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which is a drinking water supply for many in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But preemptively releasing water has its own risks, especially if it doesn’t rain again, as happened in 1997. The reservoir was lowered and, “it was dry the rest of the year and we never really rebounded,” recalls Lessard.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The rules that govern water in the West were created in the 19th century.’\u003ccite>Marty Ralph, UCSD\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As California enters a fifth year of drought, seeing operators deliberately dumping water can be disconcerting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks ago, Shauna Lorance of the San Juan Water District near Sacramento went to state regulators with a message: when water is disappearing downriver, it’s hard for water consumers to take the conservation message seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything they conserve right now is not held,” said Lorance. “For me to explain to customers, after everything they’ve done, that they need to continue to conserve so it can be spilled is going to be a nightmare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Smart’ Reservoirs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rules that govern water in the West were created in the 19th century,” says Marty Ralph, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://mavensnotebook.com/2014/02/10/marty-ralph-atmospheric-rivers-drought-and-the-new-center-for-western-weather-and-water-extremes/\">Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes\u003c/a> at UC San Diego. “And yet here we live in the 21st century with its special and new needs: greater population and a changing climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph is piloting a more dynamic method of flood management at \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5143750-181/lake-mendocino-nears-winter-capacity?artslide=0\">Lake Mendocino\u003c/a> with the Sonoma County Water Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of a maintaining firm limits on reservoir levels dictated by the calendar, managers would use cutting-edge weather forecasts to gauge how much flood space they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Weather predictions have been improving over the last decades, “ said Ralph. “Particularly on the West Coast, we’ve learned about the phenomenon that produces most flood-producing storms. We call them \u003ca href=\"http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/atmrivers/questions/\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of emptying out a reservoir preemptively, managers would allow the reservoir to stay fuller, keeping an eye on the weather forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a big storm appears, “they’d have three, four, five days lead time, enough to release that extra water and get it out of the way safely,” said Ralph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If storms don’t appear, the water would be saved for later in the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says “forecast-informed” operations are becoming possible thanks to major advances in weather research. New weather satellites and more precise forecast models are making predictions more accurate. Researchers are even \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/23/flying-into-the-heart-of-the-wests-biggest-storms/\">flying planes into atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> to gather information about how they behave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says even with the improvements, there’s more fine tuning to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get down to three days’ lead time and we’re down to plus or minus 300 kilometers (186 mi.) in terms of the location of the storm’s landfall,” he explains. “That’s the difference between San Francisco and the Oregon border. That’s a big difference if you’re operating a reservoir on a much smaller scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says potential is clear in a drought-prone state like California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine we have the option to keep, say, ten percent extra water behind each dam in the winter,” he muses. At Folsom Reservoir alone, that amount would supply 200,000 households for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Changing the Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see potential,” agrees Greg Kukas of the Army Corps of Engineers, the federal agency that sets flood rules for reservoirs. “What we’re not clear on is what the risks associated with that potential might be. What are the trade offs?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps is considering using the new weather-based operations at Folsom as part of a major update to the reservoir operations plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is whether weather forecasts are precise enough — not just as to when a storm is coming, but how big it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When it comes to forecasting the size of events that we’re most concerned about, they are about 20 percent off,” says Kukas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting it wrong is not an option. If the dam overflows, it could flood Sacramento and hundreds of thousands of people downstream, and potentially put the dam itself at risk of failing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The consequences, you don’t even want to imagine them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with reservoir operators around the state, the Corps says it currently takes weather forecasts into consideration in making water release decisions, though in a minimal way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t make our reservoir releases in a vacuum,” says Christy Jones, also with the Corps of Engineers. “We always are looking at the balance. We know water supply is incredibly important but we also know public safety is incredibly important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps plans to decide whether to manage Folsom Reservoir using weather forecasts next year. Changing current flood rules for how much the reservoir can hold in the winter would require an act of Congress. But if it works at Folsom, Jones agrees that it would be a model for reservoirs across the Western U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could have a huge impact on the West.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/549358/california-reservoirs-are-dumping-water-in-a-drought-but-science-could-change-that","authors":["239"],"series":["science_1151"],"categories":["science_46","science_31","science_89","science_35","science_40","science_43","science_98"],"tags":["science_2227","science_572","science_1548","science_2828","science_1196","science_201","science_365"],"featImg":"science_549360","label":"science_1151"},"science_17039":{"type":"posts","id":"science_17039","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"17039","score":null,"sort":[1398871207000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"auburn-dam-the-water-project-that-wont-die","title":"Auburn Dam: The Water Project That Won't Die","publishDate":1398871207,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Auburn Dam: The Water Project That Won’t Die | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1151,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>In California, it’s as dependable as the rainy season. Okay, more so. Whenever there’s too much water or not enough, \u003ca title=\"SacBee - post\" href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/03/14/6235822/why-dont-we-build-the-auburn-dam.html\">people start talking\u003c/a> about \u003ca title=\"Wiki - Auburn Dam\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auburn_Dam\">Auburn Dam\u003c/a>. It’s California’s biggest dam that has never been built — and probably never will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17060\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17060\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/auburn_dam_sketch2_crop_.jpg\" alt=\"Auburn Dam\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of how the completed Auburn Dam would appear on the North Fork of the American River. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The latest revival occurred at a recent show-and-tell for the \u003ca title=\"YouTube - Folsom Spillway\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gn3eIlLNpr8\">new spillway under construction\u003c/a> at Folsom Dam. Congressman Tom McClintock, R-Auburn, seized the occasion — not so much for congratulations — but to decry recent releases of water from dams on the American River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It infuriates me that for the past three days, we have seen releases of water out of dams on the American River triple in order to meet environmental regulations that place the interests of fish above those of human beings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The congressman then pivoted and called for completion of Auburn Dam, a long-stagnant project on the North Fork of the American River originally green-lighted by Congress in 1965, near the end of what the late writer Marc Reisner called the “go-go years” of American dam building. McClintock’s colleague from across the aisle, Sacramento Democrat Doris Matsui, sat nearby, literally shaking her head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McClintock told the assembled dignitaries that a brimming Auburn Lake reservoir upstream, “could fill and refill Folsom Lake nearly 2 1/2 times.” The current drought has left Folsom Lake at alarmingly low levels this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the project, designed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, would create one of the state’s biggest reservoirs, with a capacity of more than 2 million acre-feet of water, about half the volume of Shasta Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then McClintock took aim at Governor Jerry Brown’s plan to construct \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/03/14/california-to-release-chapters-of-plan-to-restore-delta/\">bypass tunnels\u003c/a> to carry water through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even with the inflated costs we’re seeing today,” said McClintock, “[the dam project] could be done for much less than the current proposal to build a cross-Delta facility that produces zero additional water storage.” (According to Reclamation, there hasn’t been a reliable cost update on the project since 2006.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to extoll other potential advantages, such as, “power for a million homes” and “a major new recreational resource for our region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17064\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/3405918292_99db0a4b41_b.jpg\" alt=\"ADD CAPTION (Alisha Vargas/Flickr)\" width=\"300\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Excavations remain from where engineers began laying the foundations for Auburn Dam in the 1970s. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/alishav/3405918292\">Alisha Vargas/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of course, those who enjoy (or profit from) rafting and paddling the scenic, frothy reaches of the North Fork have long taken a different view of the recreational potential, as those reaches would disappear under hundreds of feet of flat water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Auburn Dam was never completed but it was started. Reminders are still there, the most obvious being the \u003ca title=\"SacBee - post\" href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/16/6330719/foresthill-bridge-undergoes-a.html\">Forresthill Bridge\u003c/a>, a green metal and concrete ribbon that soars more than 700 feet above the American River, built to span a reservoir that never was. If you’re more ambitious and \u003ca title=\"EveryTrail - Auburn Dam\" href=\"http://www.everytrail.com/guide/base-of-auburn-dam\">hike down into the river canyon\u003c/a>, you can still see where it was carved out on both sides to anchor the concrete arch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1975, taxpayers had already shelled out about $137 million for the project. But the following year, when a magnitude 5.7 quake occurred a little too close for comfort, Reclamation took a time-out to revisit the dam’s design and work has never resumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The dam was redesigned to meet those seismic considerations,” McClintock told me in an interview after his remarks at the spillway. “So yes, that’s already been engineered around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not go back and do a full engineering analysis,” said Drew Lessard, Reclamation’s area manager for central California, referring to an updated study by the Bureau in 2006. He says that in the late 1970s, Reclamation did “move the location slightly,” to minimize seismic impacts. Lessard says that moving forward now would require a full “reformulation study,” reassessing the project’s costs and priorities, and that such a study by itself would take years and cost millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, that thing’s been studied over and over and over again,” said Matsui, in a separate interview. “And you know what? There’s no support for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the California State Water Resources Board revoked the water rights that had been set aside for the Bureau of Reclamation. Most water rights are a use-it-or-lose-it proposition in California, to prevent what the Board calls “cold storage,” which is to say sitting on water rights without actually using the water. Many believed that was the final nail in the project’s coffin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, apparently not everybody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18177\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Auburn_1733.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18177\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Auburn_1733.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration from a USBR report shows the prospective size and location of Auburn Dam, compared to Folsom and Nimbus Dams, which were built. (USBR)\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration from a USBR report shows the prospective size and location of Auburn Dam and reservoir, compared to Folsom and Nimbus Dams, which were built. (USBR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The giant dam and reservoir remains on the radar, whether or not it has a future.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704933748,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":866},"headData":{"title":"Auburn Dam: The Water Project That Won't Die | KQED","description":"The giant dam and reservoir remains on the radar, whether or not it has a future.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/17039/auburn-dam-the-water-project-that-wont-die","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In California, it’s as dependable as the rainy season. Okay, more so. Whenever there’s too much water or not enough, \u003ca title=\"SacBee - post\" href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/03/14/6235822/why-dont-we-build-the-auburn-dam.html\">people start talking\u003c/a> about \u003ca title=\"Wiki - Auburn Dam\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auburn_Dam\">Auburn Dam\u003c/a>. It’s California’s biggest dam that has never been built — and probably never will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17060\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17060\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/auburn_dam_sketch2_crop_.jpg\" alt=\"Auburn Dam\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of how the completed Auburn Dam would appear on the North Fork of the American River. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The latest revival occurred at a recent show-and-tell for the \u003ca title=\"YouTube - Folsom Spillway\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gn3eIlLNpr8\">new spillway under construction\u003c/a> at Folsom Dam. Congressman Tom McClintock, R-Auburn, seized the occasion — not so much for congratulations — but to decry recent releases of water from dams on the American River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It infuriates me that for the past three days, we have seen releases of water out of dams on the American River triple in order to meet environmental regulations that place the interests of fish above those of human beings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The congressman then pivoted and called for completion of Auburn Dam, a long-stagnant project on the North Fork of the American River originally green-lighted by Congress in 1965, near the end of what the late writer Marc Reisner called the “go-go years” of American dam building. McClintock’s colleague from across the aisle, Sacramento Democrat Doris Matsui, sat nearby, literally shaking her head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McClintock told the assembled dignitaries that a brimming Auburn Lake reservoir upstream, “could fill and refill Folsom Lake nearly 2 1/2 times.” The current drought has left Folsom Lake at alarmingly low levels this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the project, designed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, would create one of the state’s biggest reservoirs, with a capacity of more than 2 million acre-feet of water, about half the volume of Shasta Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then McClintock took aim at Governor Jerry Brown’s plan to construct \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/03/14/california-to-release-chapters-of-plan-to-restore-delta/\">bypass tunnels\u003c/a> to carry water through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even with the inflated costs we’re seeing today,” said McClintock, “[the dam project] could be done for much less than the current proposal to build a cross-Delta facility that produces zero additional water storage.” (According to Reclamation, there hasn’t been a reliable cost update on the project since 2006.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to extoll other potential advantages, such as, “power for a million homes” and “a major new recreational resource for our region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17064\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/3405918292_99db0a4b41_b.jpg\" alt=\"ADD CAPTION (Alisha Vargas/Flickr)\" width=\"300\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Excavations remain from where engineers began laying the foundations for Auburn Dam in the 1970s. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/alishav/3405918292\">Alisha Vargas/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of course, those who enjoy (or profit from) rafting and paddling the scenic, frothy reaches of the North Fork have long taken a different view of the recreational potential, as those reaches would disappear under hundreds of feet of flat water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Auburn Dam was never completed but it was started. Reminders are still there, the most obvious being the \u003ca title=\"SacBee - post\" href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/16/6330719/foresthill-bridge-undergoes-a.html\">Forresthill Bridge\u003c/a>, a green metal and concrete ribbon that soars more than 700 feet above the American River, built to span a reservoir that never was. If you’re more ambitious and \u003ca title=\"EveryTrail - Auburn Dam\" href=\"http://www.everytrail.com/guide/base-of-auburn-dam\">hike down into the river canyon\u003c/a>, you can still see where it was carved out on both sides to anchor the concrete arch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1975, taxpayers had already shelled out about $137 million for the project. But the following year, when a magnitude 5.7 quake occurred a little too close for comfort, Reclamation took a time-out to revisit the dam’s design and work has never resumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The dam was redesigned to meet those seismic considerations,” McClintock told me in an interview after his remarks at the spillway. “So yes, that’s already been engineered around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not go back and do a full engineering analysis,” said Drew Lessard, Reclamation’s area manager for central California, referring to an updated study by the Bureau in 2006. He says that in the late 1970s, Reclamation did “move the location slightly,” to minimize seismic impacts. Lessard says that moving forward now would require a full “reformulation study,” reassessing the project’s costs and priorities, and that such a study by itself would take years and cost millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, that thing’s been studied over and over and over again,” said Matsui, in a separate interview. “And you know what? There’s no support for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the California State Water Resources Board revoked the water rights that had been set aside for the Bureau of Reclamation. Most water rights are a use-it-or-lose-it proposition in California, to prevent what the Board calls “cold storage,” which is to say sitting on water rights without actually using the water. Many believed that was the final nail in the project’s coffin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, apparently not everybody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18177\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Auburn_1733.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18177\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Auburn_1733.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration from a USBR report shows the prospective size and location of Auburn Dam, compared to Folsom and Nimbus Dams, which were built. (USBR)\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration from a USBR report shows the prospective size and location of Auburn Dam and reservoir, compared to Folsom and Nimbus Dams, which were built. (USBR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/17039/auburn-dam-the-water-project-that-wont-die","authors":["221"],"series":["science_87","science_1151"],"categories":["science_31","science_33","science_89","science_38","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_1548"],"featImg":"science_17060","label":"science_1151"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ATC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. 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And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0017_BayCurious_iTunesTile_01.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/BBC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CodeSwitchLifeKit_StationGraphics_300x300EmailGraphic.png","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2019/07/commonwealthclub.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Consider-This_3000_V3-copy-scaled-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-1.gif","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. 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stories\u003c/a> we’ve produced.\u003c/em>\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Relief at Last\r\n\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\nIn early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago.\r\n\r\n[http_redir]","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Drought Watch Archives | KQED Science","description":"What California's reservoirs look like right now (From KQED's The Lowdown) [iframe src=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"] We’re collecting all of our California drought coverage here, starting with the current state of the drought, then providing the background and rounding up all the stories we’ve produced. Relief at Last In early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago. 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(\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/artolog/315963076/\">Art Siegel/Flickr\u003c/a>)[/caption]\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp>If you live in California, chances are that the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta matters to you. It’s the hub for California’s water supply. Two-thirds of Californians get their water from the vast inland Delta, which lies east of San Francisco Bay, at the confluence of California's two largest rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin. The water reaches cities from Silicon Valley to San Diego, and supplies millions of acres of Central Valley farmland through sprawling infrastructure projects built over the past century.But the Delta’s natural ecosystem has declined and it's become ground zero for the state’s most contentious battles over water and endangered species.\u003c/p>\u003cstrong>The Problem\u003c/strong>\u003cp>The Delta is home to a number of threatened or endangered species, including Delta smelt and Chinook salmon. 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